natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This specification of vehicle is prohibited by footnote 4 to paragraph 5.1.3.1.3 of this Regulation.
Zavore se morajo uporabiti pri tlaku 650 kPa na spojni glavi, nato pa jih je treba popolnoma sprostiti.
Optional on towing vehicles with electric and pneumatic control lines when the pneumatic control line fulfils the relevant requirements for secondary braking.
Zavore se uporabljajo, dokler ni tlak v zavornih valjih enak tlaku, ki se doseže po končanju preskusov iz odstavkov 6.1.3 in 6.1.4 Priloge 13 k temu pravilniku.
ANNEX 18
Število enakovrednih uporab zavore (ner) se zabeleži.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS TO BE APPLIED TO THE SAFETY ASPECTS OF COMPLEX ELECTRONIC VEHICLE CONTROL SYSTEMS
V poročilu o preskusu je treba zabeležiti enakovredno število statičnih uporab zavore (ne),
This annex defines the special requirements for documentation, fault strategy and verification with respect to the safety aspects of complex electronic vehicle control systems (paragraph 2.3 below) as far as this Regulation is concerned.
pri čemer je ne = 1,2 · ner in ga je treba zaokrožiti na najbližje celo število.
This annex may also be called, by special paragraphs in this Regulation, for safety related functions which are controlled by electronic system(s).
Preskus na površinah cest z različnim oprijemom – kadar je protiblokirni zavorni sistem opredeljen kot protiblokirni zavorni sistem kategorije A, veljajo za vse takšne sestave sistema ABS zahteve o učinku iz odstavka 6.3.2 Priloge 13 k temu pravilniku.
This annex does not specify the performance criteria for ‘the system’ but covers the methodology applied to the design process and the information which shall be disclosed to the Technical Service, for type approval purposes.
Zavorni učinek pri nizkih in visokih hitrostih
This information shall show that ‘the system’ respects, under normal and fault conditions, all the appropriate performance requirements specified elsewhere in this Regulation.
Zavorni učinek pri nizkih in visokih hitrostih se preverja v skladu z odstavkom 6.3.1 Priloge 13 k temu pravilniku, pri čemer morajo biti nastavitve priklopnika takšne kot pri meritvah izkoristka oprijema.
For the purposes of this annex,
V primeru odstopanj med številom zob dajalnika impulzov in obsegom pnevmatik je treba v skladu z odstavkom 6.3 Priloge 13 k temu pravilniku preveriti delovanje pri največjem in najmanjšem odstopanju.
‘Safety concept’ is a description of the measures designed into the system, for example within the electronic units, so as to address system integrity and thereby ensure safe operation even in the event of an electrical failure.
To se lahko doseže z uporabo pnevmatik različnih velikosti ali s posebnimi dajalniki impulzov, s čimer se simulirajo skrajne meje odstopanj.
The possibility of a fall-back to partial operation or even to a back-up system for vital vehicle functions may be a part of the safety concept.
Pri nezaviranem vlečnem vozilu in neobremenjenem priklopniku se izvedejo naslednja dodatna preverjanja.
‘Electronic control system’ means a combination of units, designed to co-operate in the production of the stated vehicle control function by electronic data processing.
Ko preide os ali skupina s površine ceste z visoko stopnjo oprijema (kH) na površino ceste z nizko stopnjo oprijema (kL), kjer je kH ≥ 0,5 in kH/kL ≥ 2, ter je tlak na spojni glavi 650 kPa, neposredno upravljana kolesa ne smejo blokirati.
Such systems, often controlled by software, are built from discrete functional components such as sensors, electronic control units and actuators and connected by transmission links.
Hitrost vožnje in trenutek uporabe zavor priklopnika je treba izbrati tako, da se prehod z ene površine ceste na drugo izvede pri hitrosti približno 80 km/h in 40 km/h, ko protiblokirni zavorni sistem na cestišču z visoko stopnjo oprijema maksimalno uravnava zavorno silo.
They may include mechanical, electro-pneumatic or electro-hydraulic elements.
Ko preide priklopnik s površine ceste z nizko stopnjo oprijema (kL) na površino ceste z visoko stopnjo oprijema (kH), kjer je kH ≥ 0,5 in kH/kL ≥ 2 ter je tlak na spojni glavi 650 kPa, se mora tlak v zavornih valjih v razumnem času dvigniti do ustrezne vrednosti, pri čemer priklopnik ne sme skreniti iz prvotne smeri.
‘The system’, referred to herein, is the one for which type approval is being sought.
Hitrost vožnje in trenutek uporabe zavor je treba izračunati tako, da pride do prehoda z ene površine ceste na drugo pri hitrosti približno 50 km/h, ko protiblokirni zavorni sistem na površini ceste z nizko stopnjo oprijema maksimalno uravnava zavorno silo.
‘Complex electronic vehicle control systems’ are those electronic control systems which are subject to a hierarchy of control in which a controlled function may be over-ridden by a higher level electronic control system/function.
Dokumentacija v zvezi z regulatorji mora biti na voljo, kot določa odstavek 5.1.5 Pravilnika in odstavek 4.1 Priloge 13 k temu pravilniku, vključno z opombo 12.
A function which is over-ridden becomes part of the complex system.
Poročilo o homologaciji
‘Higher-level control’ systems/functions are those which employ additional processing and/or sensing provisions to modify vehicle behaviour by commanding variations in the normal function(s) of the vehicle control system.
Izdela se poročilo o homologaciji, katerega vsebina je določena v Dodatku 6 k tej prilogi.
This allows complex systems to automatically change their objectives with a priority which depends on the sensed circumstances.
FUNKCIJA STABILNOSTI VOZILA
‘Units’ are the smallest divisions of system components which will be considered in this annex, since these combinations of components will be treated as single entities for purposes of identification, analysis or replacement.
V tem oddelku je opredeljen preskusni postopek za določanje dinamičnih značilnosti vozila, opremljenega s funkcijo stabilnosti vozila, ki ima vsaj eno od naslednjih funkcij:
‘Transmission links’ are the means used for inter-connecting distributed units for the purpose of conveying signals, operating data or an energy supply.
Proizvajalec sistema/vozila mora tehnični službi predložiti opisni list o funkcijah upravljanja, za katere je potrebno preverjanje učinka.
This equipment is generally electrical but may, in some part, be optical, pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical.
Ta dokument mora vsebovati vsaj podatke iz Dodatka 7 k tej prilogi.
‘Range of control’ refers to an output variable and defines the range over which the system is likely to exercise control.
Opredelitev preskusnih vozil
‘Boundary of functional operation’ defines the boundaries of the external physical limits within which the system is able to maintain control.
Na podlagi funkcij nadzora stabilnosti in njihove uporabe, opredeljene v opisnem listu proizvajalca, tehnična služba izvede preverjanje učinka.
DOCUMENTATION
To lahko vključuje enega ali več dinamičnih manevrov, kot je opredeljeno v odstavku 2.2.3 Priloge 21 k temu pravilniku, na priklopnikih, ki imajo do tri osi in predstavljajo uporabe iz odstavka 2.1 opisnega lista proizvajalca.
Requirements
Pri izbiranju priklopnikov za preskušanje je treba upoštevati tudi naslednje:
The manufacturer shall provide a documentation package which gives access to the basic design of ‘the system’ and the means by which it is linked to other vehicle systems or by which it directly controls output variables.
Tip vzmetenja:
The function(s) of ‘the system’ and the safety concept, as laid down by the manufacturer, shall be explained.
za vsako skupino vzmetenja, npr. uravnoteženo pnevmatsko, se ocenjuje polpriklopnik z navedeno specifikacijo;
Documentation shall be brief, yet provide evidence that the design and development has had the benefit of expertise from all the system fields which are involved.
medosna razdalja:
For periodic technical inspections, the documentation shall describe how the current operational status of ‘the system’ can be checked.
medosna razdalja ni omejujoč dejavnik;
Documentation shall be made available in two parts:
Tip zavor:
The formal documentation package for the approval, containing the material listed in paragraph 3 (with the exception of that of paragraph 3.4.4 below) which shall be supplied to the Technical Service at the time of submission of the type approval application.
homologacija je omejena na priklopnike z zavorami z odmikačem v obliki črke S ali kolutnimi zavorami, vendar se lahko zahteva primerjalne preskuse za druge tipe zavor, če so na voljo;
This will be taken as the basic reference for the verification process set out in paragraph 4 of this annex;
zavorni sistem:
Additional material and analysis data of paragraph 3.4.4 below, which shall be retained by the manufacturer, but made open for inspection at the time of type approval.
zavorni sistem priklopnikov, ki se ocenjujejo, izpolnjuje vse ustrezne zahteve tega pravilnika.
Description of the functions of ‘the system’
O preskusih, s katerimi se ocenjuje funkcija nadzora stabilnosti vozila, se dogovorita proizvajalec sistema/vozila in tehnična služba, vsebujejo pa pogoje, primerne za funkcijo, ki se ocenjuje in bi brez posega funkcije nadzora stabilnosti povzročili izgubo nadzora smeri ali prevrnitev.
A description shall be provided which gives a simple explanation of all the control functions of ‘the system’ and the methods employed to achieve the objectives, including a statement of the mechanism(s) by which control is exercised.
Poročilo o preskusu vključuje dinamične manevre, preskusne pogoje in rezultate.
A list of all input and sensed variables shall be provided and the working range of these defined.
Vlečno vozilo
Limits defining the boundaries of functional operation (paragraph 2.8 above) shall be stated where appropriate to system performance.
Izdela se poročilo o preskusu, ki mora vsebovati vsaj podatke iz Dodatka 8 k tej prilogi.
Inventory of components
Preskušanje učinkovitosti sestavnih delov zavor motornega vozila
A list shall be provided, collating all the units of ‘the system’ and mentioning the other vehicle systems which are needed to achieve the control function in question.
V delu 2 so opredeljeni preskusni postopki, ki se uporabljajo pri določanju učinkovitosti:
An outline schematic showing these units in combination shall be provided with both the equipment distribution and the interconnections made clear.
Funkcija stabilnosti vozila
Functions of the units
V tem oddelku je opredeljen preskusni postopek za določanje dinamičnih značilnosti vozila, opremljenega s funkcijo stabilnosti vozila, kot je določena v odstavku 5.2.1.32 tega pravilnika.
The function of each unit of ‘the system’ shall be outlined and the signals linking it with other units or with other vehicle systems shall be shown.
Proizvajalec sistema/vozila mora tehnični službi predložiti opisni list o funkcijah nadzora stabilnosti vozila, za katere je potrebno preverjanje učinka.
This may be provided by a labelled block diagram or other schematic, or by a description aided by such a diagram.
Ta dokument mora vsebovati vsaj informacije iz Dodatka 11 k tej prilogi in se ga priloži poročilu o preskusu kot dodatek.
Interconnections
Na podlagi funkcij nadzora stabilnosti in njihove uporabe, opredeljene v opisnem listu proizvajalca sistema, tehnična služba izvede preverjanje učinka na vozilu.
Interconnections within ‘the system’ shall be shown by a circuit diagram for the electrical transmission links, by an optical-fibre diagram for optical links, by a piping diagram for pneumatic or hydraulic transmission equipment and by a simplified diagrammatic layout for mechanical linkages.
To lahko vključuje enega ali več dinamičnih manevrov, kot je opredeljeno v odstavku 2.1.3 Priloge 21 k temu pravilniku, na motornih vozilih, ki predstavljajo uporabe iz odstavka 2.1 opisnega lista proizvajalca sistema.
Signal flow and priorities
Pri izbiranju motornih vozil za preskušanje je treba upoštevati tudi naslednje:
There shall be a clear correspondence between these transmission links and the signals carried between units.
zavorni sistem preskusnih vozil, ki se ocenjujejo, izpolnjuje vse ustrezne zahteve tega pravilnika.
Priorities of signals on multiplexed data paths shall be stated, wherever priority may be an issue affecting performance or safety as far as this Regulation is concerned.
kategorija vozila – M2, M3, N2, N3;
Identification of units
vrsta vozila;
Each unit shall be clearly and unambiguously identifiable (e.g. by marking for hardware and marking or software output for software content) to provide corresponding hardware and documentation association.
stran krmiljenja (volan na levi ali desni strani):
Where functions are combined within a single unit or indeed within a single computer, but shown in multiple blocks in the block diagram for clarity and ease of explanation, only a single hardware identification marking shall be used.
ni omejujoč dejavnik – ocenjevanje ni potrebno;
The manufacturer shall, by the use of this identification, affirm that the equipment supplied conforms to the corresponding document.
Krmilno razmerje:
The identification defines the hardware and software version and, where the latter changes such as to alter the function of the unit as far as this Regulation is concerned, this identification shall also be changed.
se ocenjuje – končno programiranje ali samoučeči sistemi niso omejujoč dejavnik;
Safety concept of the manufacturer
dvižne osi:
The manufacturer shall provide a statement which affirms that the strategy chosen to achieve ‘the system’ objectives will not, under non-fault conditions, prejudice the safe operation of systems which are subject to the prescriptions of this Regulation.
ocenjuje se komunikacijska združljivost;
In respect of software employed in ‘the system’, the outline architecture shall be explained and the design methods and tools used shall be identified.
možnosti sistema za prenos moči (npr. trajna zavora):
The manufacturer shall be prepared, if required, to show some evidence of the means by which they determined the realisation of the system logic, during the design and development process.
se ocenjuje;
The manufacturer shall provide the technical services with an explanation of the design provisions built into ‘the system’ so as to generate safe operation under fault conditions.
tip zavornega sistema (npr. hidropnevmatski, pnevmatski):
Possible design provisions for failure in ‘the system’ are for example:
konfiguracije protiblokirnega zavornega sistema:
Fall-back to operation using a partial system;
tip vzmetenja (npr. zračno, mehansko, gumijasto):
Change-over to a separate back-up system;
višina težišča:
Removal of the high level function.
se ocenjuje;
In case of a failure, the driver shall be warned for example by warning signal or message display.
če v času preskusa niso na razpolago vozila, skladna z največjo višino težišča, navedeno v opisnem listu, se lahko preverjanje največje višine težišča izvede z uporabo preskusnih podatkov proizvajalca sistema za dejanska vozila z višino težišča, ki ne presega dejanske največje višine težišča vozil, ki jih preskuša tehnična služba, za več kot 20 %;
When the system is not deactivated by the driver, e.g. by turning the ignition (run) switch to ‘off’, or by switching off that particular function if a special switch is provided for that purpose, the warning shall be present as long as the fault condition persists.
Položaj senzorja bočnega pospeška:
If the chosen provision selects a partial performance mode of operation under certain fault conditions, then these conditions shall be stated and the resulting limits of effectiveness defined.
ocenjuje se prostor, namenjen za namestitev, kot ga je navedel proizvajalec sistema;
If the chosen provision selects a second (back-up) means to realise the vehicle control system objective, the principles of the change-over mechanism, the logic and level of redundancy and any built in back-up checking features shall be explained and the resulting limits of back-up effectiveness defined.
Položaj senzorja kotne hitrosti:
If the chosen provision selects the removal of the Higher Level Function, all the corresponding output control signals associated with this function shall be inhibited, and in such a manner as to limit the transition disturbance.
ocenjuje se prostor, namenjen za namestitev, kot ga je navedel proizvajalec sistema;
The documentation shall be supported, by an analysis which shows, in overall terms, how the system will behave on the occurrence of any one of those specified faults which will have a bearing on vehicle control performance or safety.
O preskusih, s katerimi se ocenjuje funkcija nadzora stabilnosti vozila, se dogovorita proizvajalec sistema in tehnična služba, vsebujejo pa pogoje, primerne za funkcijo, ki se ocenjuje in bi brez posega funkcije nadzora stabilnosti povzročili izgubo nadzora smeri ali nadzora proti prevrnitvi.
This may be based on a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), a Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) or any similar process appropriate to system safety considerations.
V oceni mora biti zajeto, kot je ustrezno:
The chosen analytical approach(es) shall be established and maintained by the manufacturer and shall be made open for inspection by the Technical Service at the time of the type approval.
dodatne krmiljene osi:
This documentation shall itemise the parameters being monitored and shall set out, for each fault condition of the type defined in paragraph 3.4.4 above, the warning signal to be given to the driver and/or to service/technical inspection personnel.
oceniti je treba vpliv s primerjavo rezultatov z osjo v normalnem načinu krmiljenja in z onemogočenim krmiljenjem, tako da postane fiksna os, razen če gre za parameter končnega programiranja;
VERIFICATION AND TEST
preskuse je treba izvesti, da se ugotovi učinkovitost končnega programiranja ali samoučenja, pri čemer se uporablja več vozil z različnimi krmilnimi razmerji ali pa je homologacija omejena na tista krmilna razmerja, ki so bila dejansko preskušena;
The functional operation of ‘the system’, as laid out in the documents required in paragraph 3 above, shall be tested as follows:
dvižna os:
Verification of the function of ‘the system’
preskusi se izvajajo z dvižno osjo v dvignjenem in spuščenem položaju, pri čemer se ocenjuje zaznavanje položaja in prenos signala, da se ugotovi, ali je bila prepoznana sprememba v medosni razdalji;
As the means of establishing the normal operational levels, verification of the performance of the vehicle system under non-fault conditions shall be conducted against the manufacturer's basic benchmark specification unless this is subject to a specified performance test as part of the approval procedure of this or another Regulation.
Upravljanje motorja:
Verification of the safety concept of paragraph 3.4 above
dokazati je treba, da je upravljanje motorja ali katerega koli drugega vira pogonske moči neodvisno od voznikove volje;
The reaction of ‘the system’ shall, at the discretion of the type approval authority, be checked under the influence of a failure in any individual unit by applying corresponding output signals to electrical units or mechanical elements in order to simulate the effects of internal faults within the unit.
Možnosti sistema za prenos moči:
The verification results shall correspond with the documented summary of the failure analysis, to a level of overall effect such that the safety concept and execution are confirmed as being adequate.
dokazati je treba učinek kakršnih koli možnosti, npr. v primeru trajne zavore, da je upravljanje trajnee zavore neodvisno od voznika;
ANNEX 19
tip diferenciala/zapore diferenciala:
PERFORMANCE TESTING OF BRAKING SYSTEM COMPONENTS
dokazati je treba učinek samozapore diferenciala ali zapore, ki jo izbere voznik, npr. da se funkcija ohrani, zmanjša ali izklopi;
PART 1
vsaka konfiguracija protiblokirnega zavornega sistema se preskusi na vsaj enem vozilu.
Performance testing of trailer braking components
Če funkcijo stabilnosti vozila uravnavajo različni sistemi (npr, ABS, EBS), se preskusi izvedejo na vozilih z različnim sistemom uravnavanja;
Part 1 defines the test procedures applicable in defining the performance of the following:
vozila se izberejo na osnovi tipa vzmetenja (npr. zračno, mehansko, gumijasto) za vsako os ali skupino osi;
Diaphragm brake chambers (refer to paragraph 2).
preskusi se izvedejo na vozilih, na katerih je mogoče nastaviti višino težišča, da se dokaže, da se lahko nadzor proti prevrnitvi prilagodi spremembam višine težišča;
Spring brakes (refer to paragraph 3).
ocenjuje se učinek senzorja bočnega pospeška, nameščenega na različnih mestih na istem vozilu, da se potrdi prostor, namenjen za namestitev, ki ga je navedel proizvajalec sistema;
Trailer brakes — cold performance characteristics (refer to paragraph 4).
ocenjuje se učinek senzorja hitrosti opletanja, nameščenega na različnih mestih na istem vozilu, da se potrdi prostor, namenjen za namestitev, ki ga je navedel proizvajalec sistema;
Anti-lock braking systems (refer to paragraph 5)
Obremenitev:
Procedures for determining the fade test performance for trailer brakes and automatic brake wear adjustment devices are defined in Annex 11 to this Regulation.
vozila se preskusijo obremenjena in neobremenjena/delno obremenjena, da se dokaže, da se lahko funkcija stabilnosti prilagodi različnim obremenitvam.
Vehicle stability function (refer to paragraph 6).
Pri sedlastih vlačilcih se preskusi izvajajo:
The above test reports may be used in conjunction with the procedures defined in Annex 20 to this Regulation or at the time of evaluating a trailer which is being subject to actual performance requirements defined for the respective trailer.
s priključenim polpriklopnikom, ki je obremenjen in neobremenjen/delno obremenjen in v katerem je bil nadzor proti prevrnitvi, če je nameščen, izklopljen;
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS FOR DIAPHRAGM BRAKE CHAMBERS
brez polpriklopnika (ali brez obremenitve);
This section defines the procedure by which the thrust/stroke/pressure characteristics are determined for diaphragm brake chambers which are used in compressed air braking systems [1] to generate forces required in brakes with mechanical actuation.
z obremenitvijo za simulacijo obremenjenega stanja (polpriklopnik ni priključen).
The verified performance characteristics declared by the manufacturer shall be used in all calculations relating to the brake compatibility requirements of Annex 10, the Type-0 cold service braking performance requirements of Annex 20 and the determination of the available actuator stroke with respect to the verification of the hot performance of Annex 11.
Pri ocenjevanju avtobusov se lahko kot druga možnost uporabijo tovornjaki z enakim zavornim sistemom.
Zero datum position of the brake chamber is to be taken as the non-pressurised position.
Vendar pa mora biti v preskusu in poročilu o preskusu zajet vsaj en avtobus.
In nominal pressure increments of ≤ 100 kPa, through a pressure range of 100 to ≥ 800 kPa, the corresponding thrust generated is to be monitored over the full stroke range available for a stroke displacement rate of ≤ 10 mm/s or a stroke increment of ≤ 10 mm and whilst not permitting the applied pressure to deviate ± 5 kPa.
Izdela se poročilo o preskusu, ki mora vsebovati vsaj podatke iz Dodatka 12 k tej prilogi.
For each pressure increment the corresponding average thrust (ThA) and the effective stroke (sp) will be determined as per Appendix 9 to this annex.
Ob predložitvi enakovrednih podatkov so dovoljeni tudi drugi tipi zavornih valjev.
Verification
Ob predložitvi enakovrednih podatkov so dovoljeni tudi drugi tipi vzmetnih zavor.
With reference to Appendix 1 to this annex, paragraphs 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 and 3.4, a minimum of 6 samples are to be tested, with a verification report being issued, providing that the requirements of paragraphs 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 2.3.4 below are satisfied.
Vzorec poročila o preverjanju za membranske zavorne valje
With respect to the verification of average thrust (ThA) - f(p), a graph defining the acceptable performance variation shall be constructed following the model shown in diagram 1, which is based on the manufacturers declared thrust to pressure relationship.
Identifikacija …