natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Reducing market barriers may be more appropriate than State aid to deal with the difficulty of a new entrant to appropriate R&D&I results.
Zmanjšanje tržnih ovir je lahko primernejše za reševanje težav novega udeleženca glede ustreznih rezultatov R&R&I, kot je državna pomoč.
Increased investment in universities may be more appropriate to deal with a lack of qualified R&D&I personnel than granting State aid to R&D&I projects.
Povečanje naložb v univerze je lahko primernejše za reševanje pomanjkanja kvalificiranega osebja za R&R&I kot dodelitev državne pomoči za projekte R&R&I.
EFTA States should therefore choose State aid when it is an appropriate instrument on the basis of the problem they are trying to address.
Države Efte morajo zato izbrati državno pomoč, kadar je ta ustrezni instrument glede na problem, ki ga skušajo obravnavati.
The Authority considers that as a result of aid, R&D&I activity should be increased in size, scope, amount spent or speed.
Nadzorni organ meni, da se mora na podlagi pomoči dejavnost R&R&I povečati v smislu obsega, področja uporabe, porabljenega zneska ali hitrosti.
Incentive effect is identified by counterfactual analysis, comparing the levels of intended activity with aid and without aid.
Spodbujevalni učinek se opredeli z analizo nasprotnih dejstev, pri kateri se primerjajo ravni načrtovanih dejavnosti s pomočjo in brez nje.
EFTA States must clearly demonstrate how they intend to ensure that the incentive effect is present.
Države Efte morajo jasno pokazati, kako nameravajo zagotoviti prisotnost spodbujevalnega učinka.
Aid is considered to be proportional only if the same result could not be reached with a less distortive aid measure.
Pomoč se šteje za sorazmerno samo, če ni mogoče doseči enakega rezultata z manj izkrivljajočim ukrepom pomoči.
In particular, the amount and intensity of the aid must be limited to the minimum needed for the aided R&D&I activity to take place.
Znesek in intenzivnost pomoči morata biti zlasti omejena na najnujnejše za izvedbo dejavnosti R&R&I, ki ji je pomoč namenjena.
Negative effects of the aid to R&D&I must be limited so that the overall balance is positive
Negativni učinki pomoči za R&R&I morajo biti omejeni, tako da je skupno ravnovesje pozitivno
The possible distortions of competition resulting from State aid for R&D&I can be categorised as:
Morebitna izkrivljanja konkurence, ki izhajajo iz državne pomoči za R&R&I, je mogoče razvrstiti kot:
disrupting the dynamic incentives of undertakings and crowding out,
prekinjanje dinamičnih spodbud podjetij in izrinjanje,
supporting inefficient production,
podpiranje neučinkovite proizvodnje,
exclusionary practices and enhancing market power,
izključevalna ravnanja in povečevanje tržne moči,
effects on the localisation of economic activities across EEA States,
učinke na lokalizacijo gospodarskih dejavnosti po državah EGP,
effects on trade flows within the internal market.
učinke na trgovinske tokove na notranjem trgu.
The negative effects are normally higher for higher aid amounts and for aid granted to activities which are close to commercialisation of the product or the service.
Negativni učinki so navadno večji za višje zneske pomoči in za pomoč, dodeljeno dejavnostim, ki so blizu trženju proizvoda ali storitve.
Therefore aid intensities should generally be lower for activities linked to development and innovation than for research related activities.
Zato bi morale biti intenzivnosti pomoči na splošno nižje za dejavnosti, povezane z razvojem in inovacijami, kot za dejavnosti, povezane z raziskavami.
Furthermore, in the definition of eligible costs it is important to ensure that costs that can be considered to cover routine company activities are not eligible for aid.
Poleg tega je pri opredelitvi upravičenih stroškov pomembno zagotoviti, da stroški, za katere je mogoče šteti, da krijejo redne dejavnosti družbe, niso upravičeni do pomoči.
Also, characteristics of the beneficiary and the relevant markets have an influence on the level of distortion.
Značilnosti upravičenca in upoštevnih trgov vplivajo tudi na raven izkrivljanja.
Such aspects will be taken into account in more detail for the cases which will undergo a detailed assessment.
Taki vidiki bodo podrobneje upoštevani v primerih, ki bodo predmet podrobne ocene.
Implementing the balancing test: legal presumptions and need for more specific assessment
Izvajanje testa tehtanja: pravne domneve in potreba po podrobnejši oceni
This chapter will be used for the assessment of aid for research and development and innovation which is notified to the Authority.
To poglavje se bo uporabljalo za oceno pomoči za raziskave in razvoj ter inovacije, ki je priglašena Nadzornemu organu.
The Authority’s compatibility assessment will be conducted on the basis of the balancing test presented in Section 1.
Ocena združljivosti, ki jo bo opravil Nadzorni organ, se bo izvedla na podlagi testa tehtanja, predstavljenega v oddelku 1.
Accordingly, a measure will only be approved if, considering each of the elements in the balancing test, this leads to an overall positive evaluation.
V skladu s tem bo ukrep odobren le, če bo ob upoštevanju vsakega elementa pri testu tehtanja skupna ocena pozitivna.
However, the Authority’s assessment may differ in the way this evaluation is conducted, as in each case the risks for competition and trade associated with certain types of measures may differ.
Vendar je lahko ocena Nadzornega organa različna glede na način izvedbe tega ocenjevanja, ker se lahko v vsakem primeru razlikujejo tveganja za konkurenco in trgovino, povezana z določenimi vrstami ukrepov.
Without prejudice to Articles 4 to 7 in Part II of Protocol 3 to the Agreement between the EFTA States on the Establishment of a Surveillance Authority and a Court of Justice [12], the Authority applies different legal presumptions according to the type of State aid measure notified.
Brez poseganja v člene 4 do 7 dela II Protokola 3 k Sporazumu med državami Efte o ustanovitvi nadzornega organa in sodišča [12] Nadzorni organ uporablja različne pravne domneve glede na vrsto priglašenega ukrepa državne pomoči.
All notified aid will be assessed firstly under the provisions in Section 5.
Vsa priglašena pomoč se bo najprej ocenila v skladu z določbami iz oddelka 5.
In that section, the Authority has identified a series of measures for which it considers a priori that State aid targeting these measures will address a specific market failure hampering R&D&I.
Nadzorni organ je v tem oddelku navedel vrsto ukrepov, za katere vnaprej meni, da bo državna pomoč, usmerjena v te ukrepe, obravnavala posebno tržno nepopolnost, ki ovira R&R&I.
The Authority has furthermore elaborated a series of conditions and parameters, which aim at ensuring that State aid targeting these measures actually presents an incentive effect, is proportionate and has a limited negative impact on competition and trade.
Nadzorni organ je pripravil tudi vrsto pogojev in parametrov, katerih cilj je zagotoviti, da državna pomoč, usmerjena v te ukrepe, dejansko pomeni spodbujevalni učinek, da je sorazmerna in ima omejen negativni učinek na konkurenco in trgovino.
Section 5 thus contains parameters in respect of the aided activity, aid intensities and conditions attached to compatibility.
Oddelek 5 tako vsebuje parametre za dejavnost, ki prejema pomoč, intenzivnosti pomoči in pogoje, povezane z združljivostjo.
In principle, only measures which fulfil the criteria specified in Section 5 are eligible for compatibility under Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement on the basis of this chapter.
Načeloma so na podlagi tega poglavja do združljivosti v skladu s členom 61(3)(c) Sporazuma EGP upravičeni samo ukrepi, ki izpolnjujejo merila iz oddelka 5.
In Section 6, the Authority presents more specifically how it will assess the necessity and incentive effect of the aid.
Nadzorni organ v oddelku 6 natančneje opiše, kako bo ocenil nujnost in spodbujevalni učinek pomoči.
In Section 7, the Authority presents more specifically in which cases and how it will conduct a detailed assessment.
Nadzorni organ v oddelku 7 natančneje opiše, v katerih primerih in kako bo izvedel podrobno oceno.
This translates into different levels of assessment described in more detail below.
To pomeni različne ravni ocene, ki so podrobneje opisane spodaj.
For the first level, the Authority considers that it is in principle sufficient that the measures concerned are in line with the conditions described in Section 5, provided that the conditions in Section 6 to presume the incentive effect are fulfilled.
Nadzorni organ glede prve ravni ocene meni, da je načeloma dovolj, da so zadevni ukrepi skladni s pogoji, opisanimi v oddelku 5, če so izpolnjeni pogoji iz oddelka 6 o domnevnem spodbujevalnem učinku.
For all other measures, the Authority considers that additional scrutiny is necessary, because of higher risks for competition and trade, due to the activity, aid amount, or type of beneficiary.
Nadzorni organ meni, da je za vse druge ukrepe potreben dodaten pregled zaradi večjih tveganj za konkurenco in trgovino, in sicer zaradi dejavnosti, zneska pomoči ali vrste upravičenca.
The additional scrutiny will generally consist in further and more detailed factual analysis of the case in line with the provisions set out in Section 6 in respect of necessity and incentive effect or in Section 7, in respect of the assessment for aid exceeding the threshold set in Section 7.1 of this chapter.
Dodaten pregled bo na splošno vključeval nadaljnjo in podrobnejšo stvarno analizo primera v skladu z določbami iz oddelka 6 v zvezi z nujnostjo in spodbujevalnim učinkom ali iz oddelka 7 v zvezi z oceno za pomoč, ki presega prag iz oddelka 7.1 tega poglavja.
As a result of this additional scrutiny, the Authority may approve the aid, declare it incompatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement or declare that it is compatible with the functioning of the EEA Agreement subject to conditions.
Na podlagi tega dodatnega pregleda lahko Nadzorni organ pomoč odobri, jo razglasi za nezdružljivo z delovanjem Sporazuma EGP ali jo razglasi za združljivo z delovanjem Sporazuma EGP, če so izpolnjeni določeni pogoji.
Firstly, the Authority considers that for certain aid measures, fulfilling the provisions set out in Sections 5 and 6 will generally be sufficient for securing compatibility, as it is presumed that for such a measure the result of the application of the balancing test would be positive.
Prvič, Nadzorni organ meni, da bo za zagotovitev združljivosti pri določenih ukrepih pomoči na splošno dovolj, da izpolnjujejo določbe iz oddelkov 5 in 6, ker se domneva, da bi pri takem ukrepu test tehtanja privedel do pozitivnega rezultata.
Whether a measure falls into this category depends upon the type of beneficiary, the activity aided and the amount of aid granted.
Ali ukrep sodi v to kategorijo, je odvisno od vrste upravičenca, dejavnosti, za katero se nameni pomoč, in zneska dodeljene pomoči.
The Authority considers that the following measures will be declared compatible on the basis of Sections 5 and 6 if (i) they fulfil all the conditions and parameters mentioned in Section 5 and (ii) the aid is only granted after the aid application has been made to the national authorities:
Nadzorni organ meni, da bodo naslednji ukrepi razglašeni za združljive na podlagi oddelkov 5 in 6, če (i) bodo izpolnili vse pogoje in parametre, navedene v oddelku 5, in (ii) se bo pomoč dodelila samo na podlagi zahtevka za pomoč, naslovljenega na nacionalne organe:
project aid and feasibility studies where the aid beneficiary is an SME and where the aid amount is below EUR 7,5 million per SME for a project (project aid plus aid for feasibility study),
pomoč za projekt in študije izvedljivosti, kadar je upravičenec do pomoči MSP in je znesek pomoči nižji od 7,5 milijona EUR na MSP za projekt (pomoč za projekt in pomoč za študijo izvedljivosti),
aid for industrial property rights costs for SMEs,
pomoč za stroške pravic industrijske lastnine za MSP,
aid for young innovative enterprises,
pomoč za mlada inovativna podjetja,
aid for innovation advisory services, aid for innovation support services,
pomoč za svetovalne storitve za inovacije; pomoč za podporne storitve za inovacije,
aid for the loan of highly qualified personnel.
pomoč za posojanje visokokvalificiranega osebja.
For the measures listed above, Section 6 clarifies that the incentive effect is presumed to be present if the condition mentioned above in (ii) is fulfilled.
Za zgoraj navedene ukrepe je v oddelku 6 pojasnjeno, da se domneva, da je spodbujevalni učinek prisoten, če je izpolnjen pogoj, naveden v zgornji točki (ii).
Secondly, for notified aid below the thresholds set in Section 7.1 of this chapter, the additional scrutiny consists in a demonstration of the incentive effect and necessity as set out in Section 6.
Drugič, za priglašeno pomoč pod pragovi, določenimi v oddelku 7.1 tega poglavja, dodatni pregled vključuje dokaz spodbujevalnega učinka in nujnosti, kakor je določeno v oddelku 6.
Such measures will therefore be declared compatible on the basis of Section 5 and Section 6 only if (i) they fulfil all the conditions and parameters mentioned in Section 5 and (ii) the incentive effect and necessity have been demonstrated in accordance with Section 6.
Zato bodo taki ukrepi razglašeni za združljive na podlagi oddelka 5 in oddelka 6 samo, če (i) izpolnjujejo vse pogoje in parametre, navedene v oddelku 5, ter (ii) sta spodbujevalni učinek in nujnost dokazana v skladu z oddelkom 6.
Thirdly, for notified aid above the thresholds set in Section 7.1 of this chapter, the additional scrutiny consists in a detailed assessment according to Section 7.
Tretjič, za priglašeno pomoč nad pragovi, določenimi v oddelku 7.1 tega poglavja, dodatni pregled vključuje podrobno oceno v skladu z oddelkom 7.
These measures will therefore be declared compatible on the basis of Sections 5, 6 and 7 only if (i) they fulfil all the conditions and parameters mentioned in Section 5 and (ii) the balancing test pursuant to Section 7 results in an overall positive evaluation.
Zato bodo taki ukrepi razglašeni za združljive na podlagi oddelkov 5, 6 in 7 samo, če (i) izpolnjujejo vse pogoje in parametre, navedene v oddelku 5, in (ii) je rezultat testa tehtanja v skladu z oddelkom 7 skupna pozitivna ocena.
Motivation for specific measures covered by this chapter
Motivacija za posebne ukrepe, zajete v tem poglavju
Applying these criteria to R&D&I, the Authority has identified a series of measures for which State aid may, under specific conditions, be compatible with Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement.
Nadzorni organ je z uporabo teh meril za R&R&I določil vrsto ukrepov, za katere je lahko državna pomoč pod posebnimi pogoji združljiva s členom 61(3)(c) Sporazuma EGP.
Aid for projects covering fundamental and industrial research and experimental development is mainly targeted at the market failure related to positive externalities (knowledge spill-overs), including public goods.
Pomoč za projekte, ki zajemajo temeljne in industrijske raziskave ter eksperimentalni razvoj je večinoma usmerjena v tržne nepopolnosti, povezane s pozitivnimi zunanjimi učinki (učinki prelivanja znanja), vključno z javnimi dobrinami.
The Authority considers it useful to maintain different categories of R&D&I activities regardless of the fact that the activities may follow an interactive model of innovation rather than a linear model.
Nadzorni organ meni, da je koristno ohraniti različne kategorije dejavnosti R&R&I ne glede ne dejstvo, da dejavnosti lahko prej sledijo interaktivnemu modelu inovacij kot linearnemu.
Different aid intensities reflect different sizes of market failures and how close the activity is to commercialisation.
Različne intenzivnosti pomoči izražajo različne obsege tržnih nepopolnosti in to, kako blizu trženju je dejavnost.
Furthermore, compared to the previous State aid rules in this field, certain innovation activities have been included in experimental development.
Nadalje so bili v primerjavi s prejšnjimi pravili o državni pomoči na tem področju v eksperimentalni razvoj vključene določene inovacijske dejavnosti.
In addition, the bonus system has been simplified.
Poleg tega je bil poenostavljen sistem bonusov.
Due to expected larger implications of market failures and expected higher positive externalities, bonuses appear justified for SMEs, collaboration by and collaboration with SMEs, cross-border collaboration as well as public-private partnerships (collaborations of undertakings with public research organisations).
Zaradi pričakovanih večjih posledic tržnih nepopolnosti in pričakovanih večjih pozitivnih zunanjih učinkov se bonusi zdijo upravičeni za MSP, sodelovanje MSP in sodelovanje z MSP, čezmejno sodelovanje ter javno-zasebna partnerstva (sodelovanje podjetij z javnimi raziskovalnimi organizacijami).
Aid for technical feasibility studies related to R&D&I projects aims at overcoming the market failure related to imperfect and asymmetric information.
Pomoč za študije tehnične izvedljivosti, povezane s projekti R&R&I, je usmerjena v premagovanje tržnih nepopolnosti, povezanih z nepopolnimi in nesimetričnimi informacijami.
These studies are considered to be further away from the market than the project itself, and therefore relatively high aid intensities can be accepted.
Za te študije se šteje, da so bolj oddaljene od trga kot sam projekt, zato je mogoče sprejeti razmeroma visoke intenzivnosti pomoči.
Aid for industrial property rights costs for SMEs is targeted at the market failure related to positive externalities (knowledge spill-overs).
Pomoč za stroške pravic industrijske lastnine za MSP je usmerjena v tržno nepopolnost, povezano s pozitivnimi zunanjimi učinki (učinki prelivanja znanja).
The aim is to increase the possibilities for SMEs to sufficiently appropriate returns, thereby giving them greater incentive to undertake R&D&I.
Cilj je povečati možnosti MSP za dovolj primerne donose in jih s tem bolj spodbuditi k izvajanju R&R&I.
Aid for young innovative enterprises has been introduced to deal with the market failures linked with imperfect and asymmetric information, which harm these undertakings in a particularly acute way, damaging their ability to receive appropriate funding for innovative ventures.
Pomoč za mlada inovativna podjetja je bila uvedena za obravnavo tržnih nepopolnosti, povezanih z nepopolnimi in nesimetričnimi informacijami, ki še posebej močno škodujejo tem podjetjem, saj zmanjšujejo njihovo zmožnost prejemanja ustreznega financiranja za inovativne naložbe.
Aid for process and organisational innovation in services targets the market failures linked to imperfect information and positive externalities.
Pomoč za procesne in organizacijske inovacije v storitvah je usmerjena proti tržnim nepopolnostim, povezanim z nepopolnimi informacijami in pozitivnimi zunanjimi učinki.
It is meant to tackle the problem that innovation in services activities may not fit in the R&D categories.
Namenjena je obravnavanju težave, da inovacije v storitvenih dejavnostih ne sodijo v kategorije raziskav in razvoja.
Innovation in service activities often results from interactions with customers and confrontation with the market, rather than from the exploitation and use of existing scientific, technological or business knowledge.
Inovacije v storitvenih dejavnostih pogosto izhajajo iz sodelovanja s strankami in soočanja s trgom, ne pa iz izkoriščanja in uporabe obstoječega znanstvenega, tehnološkega ali poslovnega znanja.
Furthermore, innovation in service activities tends to be based on new processes and organisation rather than technological development.
Poleg tega inovacije v storitvenih dejavnostih večkrat temeljijo na novih procesih in organizaciji, ne pa na tehnološkem razvoju.
To that extent, process and organisational innovation in services is not properly covered by R&D project aid and requires an additional and specific aid measure to address the market failures that hamper it.
Zato procesne in organizacijske inovacije v storitvah niso ustrezno zajete v pomoči za projekte raziskav in razvoja ter zahtevajo dodaten in poseben ukrep pomoči za obravnavanje tržnih nepopolnosti, ki jih ovirajo.
Aid for advisory services and innovation support services, provided by innovation intermediaries, targets market failures linked with insufficient information dissemination, externalities and lack of coordination.
Pomoč za svetovalne storitve in podporne storitve za inovacije, ki jih zagotavljajo posredniki za inovacije, je usmerjena v tržne nepopolnosti, povezane z nezadostnim razširjanjem informacij, zunanjimi učinki in pomanjkanjem usklajenosti.
State aid is an appropriate solution to change the incentives for SMEs to buy such services and to increase the supply and demand of the services provided by innovation intermediaries.
Državna pomoč je primerna rešitev za spreminjanje spodbud za MSP h kupovanju takih storitev ter povečanju ponudbe in povpraševanja po storitvah, ki jih zagotavljajo posredniki za inovacije.
Aid for the loan of highly qualified personnel addresses the market failure linked with imperfect information in the labour market in the EEA.
Pomoč za posojanje visokokvalificiranega osebja obravnava tržno nepopolnost, povezano z nepopolnimi informacijami na trgu dela v EGP.
Highly qualified personnel in the EEA are more likely to be hired by large undertakings, because they tend to perceive large undertakings as offering better working conditions, and more secure and more attractive careers.
Velika podjetja bodo bolj verjetno zaposlila visokokvalificirano osebje v EGP, saj ti običajno menijo, da velika podjetja ponujajo boljše delovne pogoje ter varnejše in privlačnejše poklicne poti.
By contrast, SMEs could benefit from important knowledge transfer and from increased innovation capabilities, if they were able to recruit highly qualified personnel to conduct R&D&I activities.
Nasprotno imajo lahko MSP koristi od pomembnega prenosa znanja in povečanih inovacijskih zmogljivosti, če so bila sposobna zaposliti visokokvalificirano osebje, da izvaja dejavnosti R&R&I.
Creating bridges between large undertakings or universities and SMEs may also contribute to addressing coordination market failures, and supporting clustering.
Ustvarjanje povezav med velikimi podjetji ali univerzami in MSP lahko prispeva tudi k obravnavi tržnih nepopolnosti pri usklajevanju in podpiranju povezovanja v grozde.
Aid for innovation clusters aims at tackling market failures linked with coordination problems hampering the development of clusters, or limiting the interaction and knowledge flows within clusters.
Pomoč za inovacijske grozde je usmerjena v obravnavo tržnih nepopolnosti, povezanih s težavami pri usklajevanju, ki ovirajo razvoj grozdov ali omejujejo medsebojno delovanje in pretok znanja znotraj grozdov.
State aid could contribute in two ways to this problem: firstly, by supporting the investment in open and shared infrastructures for innovation clusters, and secondly by supporting cluster animation, so that collaboration, networking and learning is enhanced.
Državna pomoč bi lahko prispevala k rešitvi tega problema na dva načina: prvič, s podpiranjem naložb v odprte in deljene infrastrukture za inovacijske grozde, in drugič, s podpiranjem pobud za grozde, tako da se izboljša sodelovanje, mrežno povezovanje in učenje.
Scope of application of the chapter
Področje uporabe poglavja
According to general EEA Agreement principles, State aid cannot be approved if the aid measure is discriminatory to an extent not justified by its State aid character.
V skladu s splošnimi načeli Sporazuma EGP državne pomoči ni mogoče odobriti, če je ukrep pomoči diskriminacijski v obsegu, ki ga ne upravičuje njegov značaj državne pomoči.
With regard to R&D&I, it should in particular be underlined that the Authority will not approve an aid measure which excludes the possibility of exploitation of R&D&I results in other EEA States.
V zvezi z R&R&I je treba posebej poudariti, da Nadzorni organ ne bo odobril ukrepa pomoči, ki izključuje možnost izkoriščanja rezultatov R&R&I v drugih državah EGP.
Public authorities may commission R&D from companies or buy the results of R&D from them.
Javni organi lahko raziskave in razvoj naročijo pri družbah ali rezultate raziskav in razvoja kupijo od njih.