natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
the ability to apply the service brakes of the trailer via the respective control line(s) independently of the driver.
Simulator je treba npr. z izbiro odprtine v skladu z odstavkom 3.3.1 te priloge naravnati tako, da je čas, ki je potreben za dvig tlaka s 65 na 490 kPa (tj. z 10 % na 75 % nazivnega tlaka 650 kPa), 0,2 ± 0,01 sekunde, če je na simulator priključena posoda s prostornino 385 ± 5 cm3.
The vehicle stability function shall be demonstrated to the Technical Service by dynamic manoeuvres on one vehicle which has the same vehicle stability function as the vehicle type to be approved.
Če se navedena posoda zamenja s posodo s prostornino 1155 ± 15 cm3, mora biti čas, ki je potreben za dvig tlaka s 65 na 490 kPa brez dodatnih nastavitev, 0,38 ± 0,02 sekunde.
This may be realised by a comparison of results obtained with the vehicle stability function enabled and disabled for a given load condition.
Med tema dvema vrednostma tlaka se mora tlak dvigovati približno linearno.
As an alternative to carrying-out dynamic manoeuvres for other vehicles and other load conditions, fitted with the same vehicle stability system, the results from actual vehicle tests or computer simulations may be submitted.
Te posode morajo biti povezane s spojno glavo brez uporabe gibkih cevi.
As an alternative to the above, a test report conforming to Part 2, paragraph 1.1 of Annex 19 may be used.
zavorna oprema priklopnika za preskus
The use of the simulator is defined in Appendix 1 to this annex.
po osmih polnih aktiviranjih upravljalnega elementa delovnega zavornega sistema, kadar je vir energije vakuumska črpalka, in
The specification and validation of the simulator is defined in Appendix 2 to this annex.
z stopnja zaviranja vozila = J/g [3]P masa vozila
Until unified test procedures are agreed, the method by which this demonstration is carried out shall be agreed between the vehicle manufacturer and the Technical Service and shall include the critical conditions of directional control and roll-over control as appropriate to the vehicle stability function installed on the vehicle with the method of demonstration and results being appended to the type approval report.
Za vse stopnje zaviranja med 0,15 in 0,50 pri drugih vozilih kategorije N1 se šteje, da je ta pogoj izpolnjen tudi, če za stopnje zaviranja med 0,15 in 0,30 krivulje izkoristka oprijema za vsako os ležijo med dvema vzporednicama k črti idealnega izkoristka oprijema, ki se izračunata z enačbo k = z ± 0,08, kot je prikazano v diagramu 1C te priloge, pri čemer lahko krivulja izkoristka oprijema za zadnjo os prestopi črto k = z – 0,08, ter za stopnje zaviranja med 0,30 in 0,50 ustrezajo razmerju z ≥ k – 0,08, za stopnje zaviranja med 0,50 in 0,61 pa razmerju z ≥ 0,5k + 0,21.
This may be carried-out other than at the time of type approval.
Preskusne hitrosti:
As a means of demonstrating the vehicle stability function any of the following dynamic manoeuvres shall be used [2]:
60 km/h, vendar ne presega 0,8 vmaks pri pojemkih na površinah cest z nizkim koeficientom trenja;
Reducing radius test
80 km/h, vendar ne presega vmaks pri pojemkih na površinah cest z visokim koeficientom trenja.
Steady state circular test
Pritisk na stopalko lahko presega dovoljene sile za aktiviranje (zavor) v skladu z odstavkom 2.2.1 Priloge 4.
Step steer input test
z ≥ 0,3 + 0,74 (k – 0,38)
J-turn
obremenjeno (= 1,6)
μ-split single lane change
premakne se navpično na ustrezno črto ER (ER = 6,0 m);
Double lane change
Določanje korekcijskega faktorja za neobremenjeno vozilo, KV:
Reversed steering test or ‘fish hook’ test
Določanje faktorja K2:
Asymmetrical one period sine steer or pulse steer input test
začne se pri ustrezni vrednosti hR (hR = 1,4 m);
To demonstrate repeatability the vehicle will be subject to a second demonstration using the selected manoeuvre(s).
premakne se navpično na vodoravno os in odčita vrednost K2 (K2 = 0,13 m).
Interventions of the vehicle stability function shall be indicated to the driver by a flashing optical warning signal fulfilling the relevant technical requirements of Regulation No 121.
Določanje faktorja K1:
The indication shall be present as long as the vehicle stability function is in an intervention mode.
začne se pri ustrezni vrednosti hR (hR = 1,4 m);
The warning signal specified in paragraph 5.2.1.29.1.2 of this Regulation shall not be used for this purpose.
premakne se vodoravno na ustrezno črto g · P/PR (g · P/PR = 1,4);
Additionally, interventions by systems related to the vehicle stability function (including traction control, trailer stability assist, corner brake control, and other similar functions that use throttle and/or individual torque control to operate and share common components with vehicle stability function) may also be indicated to the driver by this flashing optical warning signal.
premakne se navpično na ustrezno črto ER (ER = 6,0 m);
Interventions of the vehicle stability function used in any learning process to determine the vehicle operational characteristics shall not generate the above signal.
premakne se vodoravno na ustrezno črto PR/PRmaks v skupini krivulj, najbolj oddaljeni od navpične osi (PR/PRmaks = 0,2);
The signal shall be visible to the driver, even in daylight, such that the driver can easily verify the satisfactory condition of the signal without leaving the driver's seat.
Os št. 1
A vehicle stability function failure or defect shall be detected and indicated to the driver by an optical warning signal fulfilling the relevant technical requirements of Regulation No 121.
Šteje se, da preskusi, ki se izvajajo v skladu z odstavkom 3.5.1 tega dodatka, od vključno dodatka 7 do sprememb 09, ki so bile pozitivne, izpolnjujejo določbe odstavka 3.5.1 tega dodatka, kakor je bil nazadnje spremenjen.
In the case of a power-driven vehicle equipped with an electric control line and electrically connected to a trailer with an electric control line the driver shall be warned by a specific optical warning signal fulfilling the relevant technical requirements of Regulation No 121 whenever the trailer provides the information ‘VDC Active’ via the data communications part of the electric control line.
Če se uporabi ta alternativni postopek, se je treba v poročilu o preskusu sklicevati na prvotno poročilo o preskusu, iz katerega izhajajo rezultati za novo posodobljeno poročilo.
The optical signal defined in paragraph 2.1.4 above may be used for this purpose.
Zavorni čas mora trajati 1 sekundo po najdaljšem času naraščanja zavorne sile 0,6 s.
Where a trailer is equipped with a vehicle stability function as defined in paragraph 2.34 of this Regulation, the following shall apply:
Preskusni pogoji (splošno)
In the case of directional control the function shall have the ability to automatically control individually the speed of the left and right wheels on each axle or an axle of each axle group by selective braking based on the evaluation of actual trailer behaviour in comparison with a determination of the relative behaviour of the towing vehicle [3].
Zavora oziroma zavore v postopku preskusa morajo biti opremljene z merilniki za naslednje meritve:
In the case of roll-over control the function shall have the ability to automatically control the wheel speeds on at least two wheels of each axle or axle group by selective braking or automatically commanded braking based on the evaluation of actual trailer behaviour that may lead to roll-over [4].
stalno beleženje za določitev zavornega navora ali zavorne sile na obodu pnevmatike;
To realise the functionality defined above a vehicle stability function shall include, in addition to automatically commanded braking and where appropriate selective braking, at least the following:
stalno beleženje zračnega tlaka v sprožilu zavore;
The determination of actual trailer behaviour from values of the vertical force on the tyre(s), or at least lateral acceleration and wheel speeds.
hitrost vozila med preskusom;
If these values are not directly measured, the evidence of the appropriate correlation with directly measured values under all driving conditions (e.g. including driving in a tunnel) shall be shown to the Technical Service at the time of type approval.
začetna temperatura na zunanji strani zavornega bobna ali zavornega koluta;
This may be done by a comparison of results obtained with the vehicle stability function enabled and disabled for a given load condition.
gib sprožila zavore med preskusi tipa 0 in tipa I ali tipa III.
As an alternative to the above, a test report conforming to Part 1, paragraph 6 of Annex 19 may be used.
Preskusni postopki
The use of the simulator is defined in Appendix 1 to this Annex.
Dodaten preskus zavornega učinka pri zaviranju s hladnimi zavorami
Until unified test procedures are agreed, the method by which this demonstration is carried out shall be agreed between the trailer manufacturer and the Technical Service and shall include the critical conditions of roll-over control and directional control as appropriate to the vehicle stability function installed on the trailer with the method of demonstration and results being appended to the type approval report.
V skladu z odstavkom 4 dela 1 Priloge 19 k temu pravilniku je izvajanje preskusov zavornega učinka pri zaviranju s hladnimi zavorami dovoljeno po preverjanju faktorja zaviranja BF.
As a means of demonstrating the vehicle stability function any of the following dynamic manoeuvres shall be used [5]:
Prav tako je dovoljeno izvesti oba preskusa pojemanja zavornega učinka, tj. tipa I in tipa III, in sicer enega za drugim.
J-turn Sine with dwell
Nekatera aktiviranja zavor v skladu z odstavkom 4.4.2.6 dela 1 Priloge 19 je mogoče opraviti med preskusoma pojemanja zavornega učinka ter med preverjanjem in preskusom zavornega učinka pri zaviranju s hladnimi zavorami.
Trailers equipped with an electric control line, when electrically connected to a towing vehicle with an electric control line, shall provide the information ‘VDC active’ via the data communications part of the electric control line when the vehicle stability function is in an intervention mode.
Število aktiviranj določi proizvajalec zavore.
Interventions of the vehicle stability function used in any learning process to determine the trailer operational characteristics shall not generate the above information.
kotalni upor
To maximise the performance of trailers that utilise ‘select-low’ such trailers are permitted to change control mode to ‘select-high’ during an intervention of the ‘Vehicle Stability Function’.
Zahteve glede učinka za naprave za samodejno nastavljanje zavor
Additional interaction with other vehicle systems or components is allowed.
Naslednje zahteve veljajo za napravo za samodejno nastavljanje zavor, ki je nameščena na zavori in katere učinek se preverja v skladu z določbami tega dodatka.
Should the use of any of the above defined manoeuvres not result in loss of directional control or roll-over as appropriate an alternative manoeuvre may be used in agreement with the Technical Service.
Ob koncu preskusov iz odstavka 3.5.2.4 (preskus tipa I) ali 3.5.3.2 (preskus tipa III) se preverijo zahteve iz odstavka 3.6.3.
Use of the dynamic stability simulation
Naslednje zahteve veljajo za alternativno napravo za samodejno nastavljanje zavor, ki je nameščena na zavori, za katero že obstaja poročilo o preskusu iz Dodatka 3.
The effectiveness of the directional and/or roll-over stability control function of power driven vehicles and trailers of categories M, N and O, may be determined by computer simulation.
Zavorni učinek
USE OF THE SIMULATION
Po segrevanju zavor, ki se izvede v skladu s postopki iz odstavkov 3.5.2 (preskus tipa I) ali 3.5.3 (preskus tipa III), kot je primerno, velja ena od naslednjih določb:
The vehicle stability function shall be demonstrated by the vehicle manufacturer to the Type Approval Authority or Technical Service with the same dynamic manoeuvre(s) as for the practical demonstration in paragraph 2.1.3 or 2.2.3 of this annex.
zavoro je treba uporabiti pri tlaku v sprožilu zavore, ki je takšen, kot se uporablja med preskusom tipa 0;
The simulation shall be a means whereby the vehicle stability performance may be demonstrated with the vehicle stability function enabled or disabled, and in the laden and unladen conditions.
pri tem tlaku je treba izmeriti skupni gib sprožila (sA), ki mora biti ≤ 0,9 sp vrednosti na zavornem valju.
The simulations shall be carried out with a validated modelling and simulation tool.
Razlike skladno z odstavkom 3.7.2.2.1
The simulation tool shall only be used when each relevant parameter of the vehicle to be type-approved, as listed in paragraph 1.1 of Appendix 2 to this annex, is included in the simulation tool and when the value of each parameter falls within its respective validated range.
Povečanje najvišjega določenega vhodnega navora zavore Cmaks
The verification shall be carried out using the same manoeuvre(s) as defined in paragraph 1.1 of this appendix this annex.
Sprememba, dovoljena brez dodatnega preskušanja
The method by which the simulation tool is validated is given in Appendix 2 to this annex.
Preskusi se najlažja različica.
A vehicle manufacturer using a validated simulation tool that was not directly validated by themselves for a vehicle type-approval shall carry out at least one confirmation test.
Če nazivna preskusna masa za novo različico odstopa za manj kot 5 odstotkov od prej preskušene različice z večjo nazivno vrednostjo, preskus lažje različice ni potreben.
This confirmation test shall be conducted in conjunction with a Technical Service and shall be a comparison between an actual vehicle test and a simulation using one of the manoeuvres as defined in paragraph 1.1 of this appendix.
Dejanska preskusna masa preskusnega vzorca lahko odstopa od nazivne preskusne mase za ± 5 odstotkov.
The confirmation test shall be repeated in the event of any change to the simulation tool [1].
Način pritrditve zavornih oblog/zavornih ploščic na zavorno čeljust/nosilno ploščo;
The results of the confirmation test shall be attached to the type-approval documentation.
Najbolj neugoden primer, ki ga določi proizvajalec in s katerim se strinjajo tehnične službe, ki izvajajo preskus
The availability of the simulation tool software, to the software version used, shall be maintained for a period of not less than 10 years following the date of the approval of the vehicle.
Pri kolutnih zavorah povečanje največje zmogljivosti giba zavore
The necessity of a confirmation test shall be subject to a discussion between the vehicle manufacturer, the Technical Service and the Type Approval Authority.
Učinkovita dolžina odmične gredi
Dynamic stability simulation tool and its validation
Šteje se, da je najbolj neugoden primer torzijska togost najnižje odmične gredi in se preveri bodisi s:
SPECIFICATION OF THE SIMULATION TOOL
sprememba, dovoljena brez dodatnega preskušanja, če se z izračunom lahko prikaže vpliv na gib in zavorno silo.
The simulation tool shall take into account the main factors which influence the directional and roll motion of the vehicle.
V tem primeru morajo biti v poročilu o preskusu navedene naslednje ekstrapolirane vrednosti:
The simulation tool shall take into account the following vehicle parameters as applicable [1]:
Določen prag navora C0,dekl.
Vehicle category;
Treba je preveriti, ali zavorni učinek ostaja znotraj poti diagrama 2 iz dela 1 Priloge 19.
Gearbox type (e.g. manual, automated manual, semi-automatic, automatic);
± 5 mm od določenega zunanjega premera koluta
Differential type (e.g. standard or self-locking);
Šteje se, da je najbolj neugoden primer najmanjši premer
Differential lock(s) (driver selected);
Dejanski zunanji premer preskusnega vzorca lahko odstopa od nazivnega zunanjega premera, ki ga določi proizvajalec osi, za ± 1 mm.
Brake system type (e.g. air over hydraulic, full air);
Tip hlajenja koluta (prezračevan ali neprezračevan)
Brake type (e.g. disc, drum (single wedge, twin wedge, S-cam);
Vsak tip se preskusi
Tyre type (e.g. structure, category of use, size);
Pesto (z vgrajenim pestom ali brez njega)
Suspension type (e.g. air, mechanical, rubber).
Kolut z vgrajenim bobnom – z delovanjem parkirne zavore ali brez njega
The simulation model shall include at least the following parameters as applicable [1] Parameters not included shall limit the use of the simulation tool. :
Za to značilnost preskušanje ni potrebno
Vehicle configuration(s) (e.g. 4 × 2, 6 × 2, etc., identifying axle functionality (e.g. free running, driven, lifted, steered) and position);
Geometrijsko razmerje med tornimi površinami kolutov in vgradnjo koluta
Steering axles (working principle);
Tip zavorne obloge
Steering ratio;
Vsak tip zavorne obloge
Drive axle(s) (effect on wheel speed sensing and vehicle speed);
Različice materiala (razen sprememb osnovnega materiala, glej odstavek 3.7.2.2), za katere proizvajalec potrdi, da taka sprememba materiala ne spreminja učinkovitosti glede na zahtevane preskuse
Lift axle(s) (detection/control and wheelbase change effect when lifted);
Za ta pogoj preskušanje ni potrebno
Engine management (communication, control and response);
Nosilna plošča in čeljusti
Gearbox characteristic(s);
Preskusni pogoji najbolj neugodnega primera [2]:
Drive train option(s) (e.g. retarder, regenerative braking, auxiliary propulsion system);
Nosilna plošča:
Brake characteristic(s);
najmanjša debelina
Anti-lock braking configuration;
Čeljust:
Wheelbase;
najlažja zavorna čeljust
Track width;
Če naprava za samodejno nastavljanje zavor odstopa od naprave, ki je bila preskušena skladno z odstavkoma 3.7.3.1 in 3.7.3.2, je potreben dodaten preskus v skladu z odstavkom 3.6.2 tega dodatka.
Centre of gravity height;
Številka poročila o preskusu
Lateral acceleration sensor position;
Številka poročila o preskusu je sestavljena iz dveh delov:
Yaw rate sensor position;
osnovnega dela in pripone, ki navaja raven izdaje poročila o preskusu.
Loading.
Osnovni del, ki je sestavljen iz največ 20 znakov, in pripona sta jasno ločena, na primer s piko ali poševnico.
The Technical Service conducting the validation shall be provided with an information document covering at least the points in paragraphs 1.1.1 and 1.1.2 above.
Osnovni del številke poročila o preskusu zajema samo zavore z isto identifikacijsko oznako zavore in z enakim faktorjem zaviranja (v skladu z odstavkom 4 dela 1 Priloge 19 k temu pravilniku).
The vehicle stability function shall be added to the simulation model by means of:
Šifra preskusa
A subsystem (software model) of the simulation tool as software-in-the-loop, or
Poleg številke poročila o preskusu „šifra preskusa“, sestavljena iz največ osmih znakov (npr. ABC123), navaja rezultate preskusa, ki veljajo za identifikacijske oznake in preskusne vzorce, kar je podrobneje opisano v odstavku 3.7.
An actual electronic control unit in a hardware-in-the-loop configuration.
Rezultati preskusov, ki se izvajajo v skladu z odstavkoma 3.5 in 3.6.1 tega dodatka, se vpišejo na obrazec, katerega vzorec je prikazan v Dodatku 3 k tej prilogi.
In the case of a trailer, the simulation shall be carried out with the trailer coupled to a representative towing vehicle.
Če ima zavora napravo za samodejno nastavljanje zavor, se rezultati preskusov, ki se izvajajo v skladu z odstavkom 3.6.2 tega dodatka, vpišejo na obrazec, katerega vzorec je prikazan v Dodatku 4 k tej prilogi.
Vehicle loading condition
Opisni list, ki ga zagotovi proizvajalec osi ali vozila in vsebuje vsaj podatke iz Dodatka 5 k tej prilogi, mora biti del poročila o preskusu.
The simulation tool shall be able to take into account the laden and unladen conditions.
Po potrebi se v opisnem listu navedejo različice opreme zavore/osi glede na osnovna merila, navedena v odstavku 3.7.2.2.1.
The simulation tool shall, as a minimum, meet the following criteria:
Opisni list proizvajalca:
A fixed load;
Naziv tehnične službe/homologacijskega organa [2] Neustrezno črtati.
A given mass;
, ki je izvedel preskus:
A given mass distribution;
Ob koncu preskusa, določenega v točki 5, so se zahteve iz odstavka 5.2.2.8.1 Pravilnika št. 13 štele kot:
A given height of the centre of gravity.
izpolnjene/neizpolnjene [2] Neustrezno črtati.
VALIDATION OF THE SIMULATION TOOL
Identifikacija (identifikacija tipa na oblogi):
The validity of the applied modelling and simulation tool shall be verified by means of comparisons with a practical vehicle test(s).
Uporabljene enote
The test(s) utilised for the validation shall be those which, without control action, would result in loss of directional control (under-steer and over-steer) and/or roll-over control as appropriate to the functionality of the stability control function installed on a vehicle.
Masa:
During the test(s) the following motion variables, as appropriate, shall be recorded or calculated in accordance with ISO 15037 Part 1:2006 or Part 2:2002 as relevant:
ρ′r značilnosti zavore, kadar se priklopnik premika nazaj, kot določa formula:
Yaw velocity;
Smer vlečne sile kabla
Lateral acceleration;
Ekspander
Wheel load or wheel lift;
p*/p′maks = …
Forward velocity;
iH = iHo · iH1 = …
Driver input.
ηH = ηHo · ηH1 = …
The objective is to show that the simulated vehicle behaviour and operation of the vehicle stability function is comparable with that seen in practical vehicle tests.
Najvišja preskusna hitrost
The ability of the simulation tool to be used with parameters that have not been validated by a practical vehicle test shall be shown by conducting simulations with varied parameter values.
Površina ceste z visoko stopnjo oprijema
The results of these simulations shall be checked to be logical and similar in comparison to the results of known practical vehicle tests.
mora simulator posredovati zlog 3, bit 5–6 sporočila;
The simulation tool shall be deemed to be validated when its output is comparable to the practical test results produced by the same vehicle(s) during the manoeuvre(s) selected from those defined with paragraph 2.1.3 or 2.2.3 of this annex, as appropriate.
mora biti EBS 12 nastavljeno na 01b, da se priklopniku nakaže, da je treba priključiti pnevmatski krmilni vod.
The simulation tool shall only be used with regard to features for which a comparison has been made between real vehicle tests and simulation tool results.
Potem ko zavorni sistem preveri, da ni okvar, zaradi katerih bi bila potrebna identifikacija z rdečim opozorilnim znakom, je treba zgornje sporočilo nastaviti na 00b.
The comparisons shall be carried-out in the laden and unladen condition to show the different conditions of load can be adapted to and to confirm the extreme parameters to be simulated, e.g.:
Preverjanje odzivnega časa
Vehicle with shortest wheelbase and highest centre of gravity;
Preveriti je treba, ali so brez napak izpolnjene zahteve glede odzivnega časa zavornega sistema, opredeljene v odstavku 3.5.2 Priloge 6 k temu pravilniku.
Vehicle with longest wheelbase and highest centre of gravity.
Samodejno krmiljeno zaviranje
In the case of the steady state circular test the under-steer gradient shall be the means of making the comparison.
Če ima priklopnik funkcijo, katere delovanje povzroči samodejno krmiljeno zaviranje, je treba preveriti naslednje:
In the case of a dynamic manoeuvre, the relationship of activation and sequence of the vehicle stability function in the simulation and in the practical vehicle test shall be the means of making the comparison.
Če je priklopnik opremljen s funkcijo stabilnosti vozila, je treba preveriti naslednje:
The physical parameters that are different between the reference vehicle and simulated vehicle configurations shall be modified accordingly in the simulation.
ko je funkcija stabilnosti vozila nedejavna, je treba preveriti, ali je sporočilo EBS 21, zlog 2 z bitoma 1–2, nastavljeno na 00;
A simulation tool test report shall be produced, a model of which is defined in Appendix 3 to this annex, and a copy attached to the vehicle approval report.
simulira se poseg funkcije stabilnosti vozila, kot je določeno v odstavku 2.2.4 Priloge 21 in preveri, ali je sporočilo EBS 21, zlog 2 z bitoma 1–2, nastavljeno na 01.