natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The TTBER and these guidelines cover agreements for the transfer of technology.
TTBER in te smernice se nanašajo na sporazume o prenosu tehnologije.
According to Article 1(1)(b) and (h) of the TTBER the concept of “technology” covers patents and patent applications, utility models and applications for utility models, design rights, plant breeders rights, topographies of semiconductor products, supplementary protection certificates for medicinal products or other products for which such supplementary protection certificates may be obtained, software copyright, and know-how.
V skladu s členom 1(1)(b) in (h) TTBER zajema koncept ‚tehnologija‘ patente in patentne prijave, uporabne modele in vloge za registracijo uporabnih modelov, pravice iz vzorca ali modela, pravice gojiteljev rastlin, topografije polprevodnih izdelkov, potrdila o dopolnilni zaščiti za medicinske izdelke ali druge izdelke, za katere je mogoče pridobiti potrdila o dopolnilni zaščiti, avtorske pravice na programski opremi ter strokovno znanje in izkušnje.
The licensed technology should allow the licensee with or without other inputs to produce the contract products.
Licenčna tehnologija mora pridobitelju licence omogočiti, da s pomočjo dodatnih vložkov ali brez njih proizvaja pogodbene izdelke.
Know-how is defined in Article 1(1)(i) as a package of non-patented practical information, resulting from experience and testing, which is secret, substantial and identified.
Strokovno znanje in izkušnje so opredeljeni v členu 1(1)(i) kot skupnost nepatentiranih uporabnih informacij, ki izhajajo iz izkušenj in testiranja in ki so zaupne, bistvene in določene.
“Secret” means that the know-how is not generally known or easily accessible.
‚Zaupnost‘ pomeni, da strokovno znanje in izkušnje niso splošno znani ali zlahka dostopni.
“Substantial” means that the know-how includes information which is significant and useful for the production of the products covered by the licence agreement or the application of the process covered by the licence agreement.
‚Bistvenost‘ pomeni, da strokovno znanje in izkušnje vključujejo informacije, ki so nujne in koristne za proizvodnjo izdelkov, zajetih z licenčnim sporazumom, ali uporabo procesov, ki jih zajema licenčni sporazum.
In other words, the information must significantly contribute to or facilitate the production of the contract products.
Z drugimi besedami morajo informacije bistveno prispevati k proizvodnji pogodbenih izdelkov oziroma jo bistveno olajšati.
In cases where the licensed know-how relates to a product as opposed to a process, this condition implies that the know-how is useful for the production the contract product.
V primeru, da se licenčno znanje in izkušnje navezujejo na izdelek in ne na proces, ta pogoj pomeni, da so znanje in izkušnje koristni za proizvodnjo pogodbenega izdelka.
This condition is not satisfied where the contract product can be produced on the basis of freely available technology.
Ta pogoj ni izpolnjen, če se pogodbeni izdelek lahko proizvaja na podlagi prosto dostopne tehnologije.
However, the condition does not require that the contract product is of higher value than products produced with freely available technology.
Vendar pa navedeni pogoj ne pomeni, da mora imeti pogodbeni izdelek večjo vrednost kot izdelki, ki se proizvedejo na podlagi prosto dostopne tehnologije.
In the case of process technologies, this condition implies that the know-how is useful in the sense that it can reasonably be expected at the date of conclusion of the agreement to be capable of significantly improving the competitive position of the licensee, for instance by reducing his production costs.
Pri procesnih tehnologijah ta pogoj pomeni, da so znanje in izkušnje koristni v smislu, da je v času sklenitve sporazuma mogoče razumno pričakovati, da bodo pomembno izboljšali konkurenčni položaj pridobitelja licence, na primer z zmanjšanjem njegovih proizvodnih stroškov.
“Identified” means that it is possible to verify that the licensed know-how fulfils the criteria of secrecy and substantiality.
‚Določenost‘ pomeni, da se lahko preveri, ali licenčno znanje in izkušnje izpolnjujejo merili zaupnosti in bistvenosti.
This condition is satisfied where the licensed know-how is described in manuals or other written form.
Ta pogoj je izpolnjen, če so licenčno znanje in izkušnje opisani v priročnikih ali drugi pisni obliki.
However, in some cases this may not be reasonably possible.
Vendar pa lahko v nekaterih primerih to iz objektivnega vidika ni mogoče.
The licensed know-how may consist of practical knowledge possessed by the licensor’s employees.
Licenčno znanje in izkušnje lahko obsegajo praktično znanje, ki ga imajo zaposleni pri dajalcu licence.
For instance, the licensor’s employees may possess secret and substantial knowledge about a certain production process which is passed on to the licensee in the form of training of the licensee’s employees.
Zaposleni pri dajalcu licence imajo na primer lahko zaupno in bistveno znanje o določenem proizvodnem procesu, ki se na pridobitelja licence prenese v obliki usposabljanja zaposlenih pri pridobitelju licence.
In such cases it is sufficient to describe in the agreement the general nature of the know-how and to list the employees that will be or have been involved in passing it on to the licensee.
V takšnih primerih zadostuje, da je v sporazumu opisana splošna narava znanja in izkušenj in da so navedeni zaposleni, ki bodo ali so bili udeleženi pri prenosu tega znanja in izkušenj na pridobitelja licence.
The concept of “transfer” implies that technology must flow from one undertaking to another.
Koncept ‚prenosa‘ pomeni, da mora tehnologija prehajati od enega podjetja k drugemu.
Such transfers normally take the form of licensing whereby the licensor grants the licensee the right to use his technology against payment of royalties.
Taki prenosi navadno potekajo v obliki licenciranja, pri katerem dajalec licence pridobitelju licence podeli pravico za uporabo svoje tehnologije proti plačilu licenčnine.
It can also take the form of sub-licensing, whereby a licensee, having been authorised to do so by the licensor, grants licenses to third parties (sub-licensees) for the exploitation of the technology.
Prav tako lahko prenos tehnologije poteka v obliki podlicenciranja, pri katerem pridobitelj licence, ki ga je predhodno ustrezno pooblastil dajalec licence, tretjim (pridobiteljem podlicence) podeli licence za izkoriščanje tehnologije.
The TTBER only applies to agreements that have as their primary object the transfer of technology as defined in that act as opposed to the purchase of goods and services or the licensing of other types of intellectual property.
TTBER velja le za sporazume, katerih glavni namen je prenos tehnologije, kakor je opredeljen v navedenem aktu, in ne nakup blaga in storitev ali licenciranje drugih vrst intelektualne lastnine.
Agreements containing provisions relating to the purchase and sale of products are only covered by the TTBER to the extent that those provisions do not constitute the primary object of the agreement and are directly related to the application of the licensed technology.
Sporazumi, ki vsebujejo določbe v zvezi z nakupom in prodajo izdelkov, so zajeti s TTBER le, če navedene določbe ne pomenijo osnovnega namena sporazuma in so neposredno povezane z uporabo licenčne tehnologije.
This is likely to be the case where the tied products take the form of equipment or process input which is specifically tailored to efficiently exploit the licensed technology.
To je verjetno v primeru, ko vezani izdelki predstavljajo opremo ali vložek v proizvodni proces, ki sta posebej prilagojena za učinkovito izkoriščanje licenčne tehnologije.
If, on the other hand, the product is simply another input into the final product, it must be carefully examined whether the licensed technology constitutes the primary object of the agreement.
Če je po drugi strani izdelek zgolj eden od vložkov v proizvodnji končnega izdelka, je treba skrbno proučiti, ali licenčna tehnologija pomeni osnovni namen sporazuma.
For instance, in cases where the licensee is already manufacturing a final product on the basis of another technology, the licence must lead to a significant improvement of the licensee's production process, exceeding the value of the product purchased from the licensor.
Če na primer pridobitelj licence že proizvaja končni izdelek na podlagi neke druge tehnologije, mora licenca prispevati k bistvenim izboljšavam proizvodnega procesa pridobitelja licence, ki bodo presegle vrednost izdelka, kupljenega od dajalca licence.
The requirement that the tied products must be related to the licensing of technology implies that the TTBER does not cover the purchase of products that have no relation with the products incorporating the licensed technology.
Zahteva, da morajo biti vezani izdelki povezani z licenciranjem tehnologije, pomeni, da TTBER ne zajema nakupa izdelkov, ki nimajo nikakršne zveze z izdelki, ki vključujejo licenčno tehnologijo.
This is for example the case where the tied product is not intended to be used with the licensed product, but relates to an activity on a separate product market.
To na primer velja, kadar vezani izdelek ni namenjen uporabi skupaj z licenčnim izdelkom, temveč je povezan z dejavnostjo na ločenem proizvodnem trgu.
The TTBER only covers the licensing of other types of intellectual property such as trademarks and copyright, other than software copyright, to the extent that they are directly related to the exploitation of the licensed technology and do not constitute the primary object of the agreement.
Z izjemo avtorskih pravic na programski opremi zajema TTBER licenciranje drugih vrst intelektualne lastnine, kot so znamke in avtorske pravice, le kolikor so neposredno povezane z izkoriščanjem licenčne tehnologije in ne pomenijo osnovnega namena sporazuma.
This condition ensures that agreements covering other types of intellectual property rights are only block exempted to the extent that these other intellectual property rights serve to enable the licensee to better exploit the licensed technology.
Ta pogoj zagotavlja, da skupinska izjema velja za sporazume, ki zajemajo druge vrste pravic intelektualne lastnine, le kolikor te druge pravice intelektualne lastnine pridobitelju licence omogočajo boljše izkoriščanje licenčne tehnologije.
The licensor may for instance authorise the licensee to use his trademark on the products incorporating the licensed technology.
Dajalec licence lahko na primer pooblasti pridobitelja licence, da uporablja njegovo znamko za izdelke, ki vključujejo licenčno tehnologijo.
The trademark licence may allow the licensee to better exploit the licensed technology by allowing consumers to make an immediate link between the product and the characteristics imputed to it by the licensed technology.
Licenca blagovne znamke lahko omogoča pridobitelju licence bolje izkoriščati licenčno tehnologijo s tem, ko potrošnikom omogoči, da izdelek takoj povežejo z značilnostmi, ki so mu pripisane na podlagi licenčne tehnologije.
An obligation on the licensee to use the licensor’s trademark may also promote the dissemination of technology by allowing the licensor to identify himself as the source of the underlying technology.
Obveznost pridobitelja licence, da uporablja znamko dajalca licence, prav tako lahko spodbuja razširjanje tehnologije, s tem ko dajalcu licence omogoča, da je predstavljen kot vir osnovne tehnologije.
However, where the value of the licensed technology to the licensee is limited because he already employs an identical or very similar technology and the main object of the agreement is the trademark, the TTBER does not apply [30].
Vendar pa se TTBER ne uporablja v primeru, da je vrednost licenčne tehnologije za pridobitelja licence omejena, ker slednji že uporablja enako ali zelo podobno tehnologijo in je glavni namen sporazuma znamka [30].
The licensing of copyright for the purpose of reproduction and distribution of the protected work, i.e. the production of copies for resale, is considered to be similar to technology licensing.
Licenciranje avtorskih pravic za namene reproduciranja in distribuiranja zaščitenega dela, tj. proizvajanja primerkov za nadaljnjo prodajo, velja za podobno licenciranju tehnologije.
Since such licence agreements relate to the production and sale of products on the basis of an intellectual property right, they are considered to be of a similar nature as technology transfer agreements and normally raise comparable issues.
Ker se takšni licenčni sporazumi navezujejo na proizvodnjo in prodajo izdelkov na podlagi pravice intelektualne lastnine, velja, da so podobne narave kot sporazumi o prenosu tehnologije in da običajno sprožajo primerljiva vprašanja.
Although the TTBER does not cover copyright other than software copyright, the EFTA Surveillance Authority will as a general rule apply the principles set out in the TTBER and these guidelines when assessing such licensing of copyright under Article 53 of the EEA Agreement.
Čeprav z izjemo pravic na programski opremi TTBER ne zajema avtorskih pravic, bo Nadzorni organ EFTA pri presoji takšnega licenciranja avtorskih pravic po členu 53 Sporazuma EGP praviloma uporabljal načela, določena v TTBER in pričujočih smernicah.
On the other hand, the licensing of rights in performances and other rights related to copyright is considered to raise particular issues and it may not be warranted to assess such licensing on the basis of the principles developed in these guidelines.
Po drugi strani velja, da licenciranje pravic izvajanja in drugih, avtorskim sorodnih pravic sproža posebna vprašanja, in ni zagotovila, da bo presoja takšnih licenčnih sporazumov na podlagi načel, razvitih v teh smernicah, primerna.
In the case of the various rights related to performances value is created not by the reproduction and sale of copies of a product but by each individual performance of the protected work.
Pri različnih pravicah v zvezi z izvajanjem se vrednost ne ustvari z reprodukcijo in prodajo primerkov izdelka, temveč z vsakim posamičnim izvajanjem zaščitenega dela.
Such exploitation can take various forms including the performance, showing or the renting of protected material such as films, music or sporting events.
Tako izkoriščanje se lahko pojavlja v različnih oblikah, vključno z izvajanjem, prikazovanjem ali dajanjem v najem zaščitenega materiala, kot so filmi, glasba ali športni dogodki.
In the application of Article 53 the specificities of the work and the way in which it is exploited must be taken into account [31].
Pri uporabi člena 53 je treba upoštevati posebnosti dela in način njegovega izkoriščanja [31].
For instance, resale restrictions may give rise to less competition concerns whereas particular concerns may arise where licensors impose on their licensees to extend to each of the licensors more favourable conditions obtained by one of them.
Omejitve, ki se nanašajo na preprodajo, lahko na primer povzročijo manj pomislekov z vidika konkurence, medtem ko se lahko pojavijo posebni pomisleki, če dajalci licence pridobiteljem licenc naložijo, da ugodnejše pogoje, ki jih je pridobil eden izmed dajalcev licence, razširijo na vse dajalce licence.
The EFTA Surveillance Authority will therefore not apply the TTBER and the present guidelines by way of analogy to the licensing of these other rights.
Nadzorni organ EFTA zato ne bo uporabljal TTBER in pričujočih smernic po analogiji za licenciranje teh drugih pravic.
The EFTA Surveillance Authority will also not extend the principles developed in the TTBER and these guidelines to trademark licensing.
Nadzorni organ EFTA prav tako ne bo razširjal načel, razvitih v TTBER in teh smernicah, na licenciranje blagovnih znamk.
Trademark licensing often occurs in the context of distribution and resale of goods and services and is generally more akin to distribution agreements than technology licensing.
Licenciranje blagovnih znamk se pogosto pojavlja v okviru distribucije in preprodaje blaga in storitev ter je praviloma sorodnejše sporazumom o distribuciji kot sporazumom o licenciranju tehnologije.
Where a trademark licence is directly related to the use, sale or resale of goods and services and does not constitute the primary object of the agreement, the licence agreement is covered by the act referred to in point 2 of Annex XIV to the EEA Agreement (Regulation (EC) No 2790/1999) on the application of Article 53(3) of the EEA Agreement to categories of vertical agreements and concerted practices (hereafter the “Vertical Block Exemption”) [32].
Če je licenca blagovne znamke neposredno povezana z uporabo, prodajo ali preprodajo blaga in storitev ter ne pomeni osnovnega namena sporazuma, je licenčni sporazum zajet v aktu, navedenem v točki 2 Priloge XIV k Sporazumu EGP (Uredba (ES) št. 2790/1999) o uporabi člena 53(3) Sporazuma EGP za skupine vertikalnih sporazumov in usklajenih ravnanj (v nadaljnjem besedilu ‚Skupinska izjema za vertikalne sporazume‘) [32].
Subject to the duration of the TTBER, the block exemption applies for as long as the licensed property right has not lapsed, expired or been declared invalid.
Ob upoštevanju trajanja TTBER se skupinska izjema uporablja, dokler se licencirana lastninska pravica ne izteče, ne preneha, ali se ne razglasi za neveljavno.
In the case of know-how the block exemption applies as long as the licensed know-how remains secret, except where the know-how becomes publicly known as a result of action by the licensee, in which case the exemption shall apply for the duration of the agreement (cf. Article 2 of the TTBER).
V primeru znanja in izkušenj se skupinska izjema uporablja, dokler so licencirano znanje in izkušnje zaupni, razen če postanejo javno znani kot posledica dejanja pridobitelja licence; v slednjem primeru se izjema uporablja za čas trajanja sporazuma (glej člen 2 TTBER).
The block exemption applies to each licensed property right covered by the agreement and ceases to apply on the date of expiry, invalidity or the coming into the public domain of the last intellectual property right which constitutes “technology” within the meaning of the TTBER (cf. paragraph above).
Skupinska izjema se uporablja za vsako licencirano pravico intelektualne lastnine, zajeto v sporazumu, in se preneha uporabljati z dnevom, ko se zadnja pravica intelektualne lastnine, ki v smislu TTBER pomeni ‚tehnologijo‘ (glej odstavek zgoraj), izteče, je razglašena za neveljavno ali postane dostopna javnosti.
Relationship with other block exemptions
Razmerje do drugih skupinskih izjem
The TTBER covers agreements between two undertakings concerning the licensing of technology for the purpose of the production of contract products.
TTBER zajema sporazume med dvema podjetjema glede licenciranja tehnologije za namene proizvodnje pogodbenih izdelkov.
However, technology can also be an element of other types of agreements.
Vendar pa je tehnologija lahko zajeta tudi v drugih vrstah sporazumov.
In addition, the products incorporating the licensed technology are subsequently sold on the market.
Poleg tega se izdelki, ki vključujejo licenčno tehnologijo, pozneje prodajajo na trgu.
It is therefore necessary to address the interface between the TTBER and the act referred to in point 6 of Annex XIV to the EEA Agreement (Regulation (EC) No 2658/2000) on the application of Article 53(3) of the EEA Agreement to categories of specialisation agreements [33] (hereafter the “Specialisation Block Exemption”), the act referred to in point 7 of Annex XIV to the EEA Agreement (Regulation (EC) 2659/2000) on the application of Article 53(3) to categories of research and development agreements [34] (hereafter the “Research and Development Block Exemption”) and the Vertical Block Exemption [35].
Zato je nujno obravnavati povezavo med TTBER in aktom, navedenim v točki 6 Priloge XIV k Sporazumu EGP (Uredba (ES) št. 2658/2000), o uporabi člena 53(3) Sporazuma EGP pri skupinah sporazumov o specializaciji [33] (v nadaljnjem besedilu ‚Skupinska izjema za sporazume o specializaciji‘), aktom, navedenim v točki 7 Priloge XIV k Sporazumu EGP (Uredba (ES) št. 2659/2000), o uporabi člena 53(3) za skupine sporazumov o raziskavah in razvoju [34] (v nadaljnjem besedilu ‚Skupinska izjema za sporazume o raziskavah in razvoju‘) in Skupinsko izjemo za vertikalne sporazume [35].
The Block Exemptions on specialisation and R&D agreements
Skupinski izjemi za sporazume o specializaciji ter sporazume o raziskavah in razvoju
According to Article 1(1)(c) of the Specialisation Block Exemption, that act covers, inter alia, joint production agreements by virtue of which two or more undertakings agree to produce certain products jointly.
V skladu s členom 1(1)(c) Skupinske izjeme za sporazume o specializaciji zadevni akt med drugim zajema sporazume o skupni proizvodnji, s katerimi se dve ali več podjetij dogovori za skupno proizvodnjo nekaterih izdelkov.
The act extends to provisions concerning the assignment or use of intellectual property rights, provided that they do not constitute the primary object of the agreement, but are directly related to and necessary for its implementation.
Akt zajema tudi določbe glede prenosa ali uporabe pravic intelektualne lastnine, pod pogojem, da slednje niso osnovni namen sporazuma, temveč so s sporazumom neposredno povezane in nujne za njegovo izvajanje.
Where undertakings establish a production joint venture and license the joint venture to exploit technology, which is used in the production of the products produced by the joint venture, such licensing is subject to the Specialisation Block Exemption and not the TTBER.
Če podjetji ustanovita skupno podjetje za proizvodnjo in mu podelita licenco z namenom izkoriščanja tehnologije, ki se uporablja v proizvodnji izdelkov tega skupnega podjetja, je tako licenciranje predmet Skupinske izjeme za sporazume o specializaciji, in ne TTBER.
Accordingly, licensing in the context of a production joint venture normally falls to be considered under the Specialisation Block Exemption.
Zato se licenciranje, ki se nanaša na skupno podjetje za proizvodnjo, navadno presoja v okviru Skupinske izjeme za sporazume o specializaciji.
However, where the joint venture engages in licensing of the technology to third parties, the activity is not linked to production by the joint venture and therefore not covered by that act.
Vendar pa v primeru, da skupno podjetje licencira tehnologijo tretjim, dejavnost ni več povezana s proizvodnjo skupnega podjetja in zato ne more biti zajeta z navedenim aktom.
Such licensing arrangements, which bring together the technologies of the parties, constitute technology pools, which are dealt with in section IV.4 below.
Takšni licenčni sporazumi, ki združujejo tehnologije strank, pomenijo tehnološka združenja, obravnavana v podpoglavju IV.4 spodaj.
The Research and Development Block Exemption covers agreements whereby two or more undertakings agree to jointly carry out research and development and to jointly exploit the results thereof.
Skupinska izjema za sporazume o raziskavah in razvoju zajema sporazume, s katerimi se dve ali več podjetij dogovori za skupno izvedbo raziskav in razvoja ter skupno izkoriščanje s tem povezanih rezultatov.
According to Article 2(11), research and development and the exploitation of the results are carried out jointly where the work involved is carried out by a joint team, organisation or undertakings, jointly entrusted to a third party or allocated between the parties by way of specialisation in research, development, production and distribution, including licensing.
V skladu s členom 2(11) se raziskave in razvoj ter izkoriščanje pridobljenih rezultatov izvajajo skupno, kadar potrebno delo izvajajo skupna ekipa, skupna organizacija ali skupno podjetje, kadar so dejavnosti skupno zaupane tretjemu ali so razdeljene med stranke na podlagi specializacije v raziskavah, razvoju, proizvodnji in distribuciji, vključno z licenciranjem.
It follows that the Research and Development Block Exemption covers licensing between the parties and by the parties to a joint entity in the context of a research and development agreement.
Iz navedenega sledi, da Skupinska izjema za sporazume o raziskavah in razvoju zajema podeljevanje licenc med samimi strankami in podeljevanje licenc s strani strank skupnemu subjektu v okviru sporazumov o raziskavah in razvoju.