natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
‘airport infrastructure’ means infrastructure and equipment for the provision of airport services by the airport to airlines and the various service providers, including runways, terminals, aprons, taxiways, centralised ground handling infrastructure and any other facilities that directly support the airport services, excluding infrastructure and equipment which is primarily necessary for pursuing non-aeronautical activities, such as car parks, shops and restaurants;
„letališki prihodek“ pomeni prihodek od letaliških pristojbin brez podpore za trženje ali vseh spodbud letališča letalskim prevoznikom, upoštevajoč prihodke, ki izvirajo iz neletalskih dejavnosti (brez vsakršne javne podpore), razen javne podpore in nadomestila za naloge, ki spadajo na področje javne politike, ali storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena;
‘airport’ means an entity or group of entities performing the economic activity of providing airport services to airlines;
„letališke storitve“ pomenijo storitve, ki jih letalskim prevoznikom zagotavlja letališče ali njegove podružnice za zagotovitev upravljanja zrakoplovov od pristanka do vzleta ter potnikov in tovora, da se letalskim prevoznikom omogoči zagotavljanje storitev zračnega prevoza, vključno z zagotavljanjem storitev zemeljske oskrbe in zagotavljanjem centralizirane infrastrukture za zemeljsko oskrbo;
‘airport revenue’ means the revenue from airport charges net of marketing support or any incentives provided by the airport to the airlines, taking into account revenue stemming from non-aeronautical activities (free of any public support), excluding any public support and compensation for tasks falling within public policy remit, or services of general economic interest;
„povprečni letni potniški promet“ pomeni podatek na podlagi prihodnega in odhodnega potniškega prometa v dveh finančnih letih pred letom, v katerem je pomoč priglašena ali dodeljena, če gre za nepriglašeno pomoč;
‘airport services’ means services provided to airlines by an airport or any of its subsidiaries, to ensure the handling of aircraft, from landing to take-off, and of passengers and freight, so as to enable airlines to provide air transport services, including the provision of ground handling services and the provision of centralised ground handling infrastructure;
„stroški investicijskega vzdrževanja“ pomenijo amortizacijo upravičenih stroškov za naložbe v letališko infrastrukturo in opremo, vključno z osnovnimi stroški financiranja;
‘average annual passenger traffic’ means a figure determined on the basis of the inbound and outbound passenger traffic during the 2 financial years preceding that in which the aid is notified or granted in the case of non-notified aid;
„vrzel v financiranju stroškov investicijskega vzdrževanja“ pomeni neto sedanjo vrednost razlike med pozitivnimi in negativnimi denarnimi tokovi iz poslovanja, vključno s stroški za naložbe, med trajanjem naložbe v osnovna sredstva;
‘capital costs’ means the depreciation of the eligible investment costs into airport infrastructure and equipment, including the underlying costs of financing;
„ciljno območje letališča“ pomeni geografsko tržno mejo, ki je običajno določena na približno 100 kilometrov ali 60 minut potovanja z avtomobilom, avtobusom, vlakom ali hitrim vlakom, vendar je lahko ciljno območje danega letališča različno in mora upoštevati posebnosti vsakega posameznega letališča.
‘capital costs funding gap’ means the net present value of the difference between the positive and negative cash flows, including investment costs, over the lifetime of the investment in fixed capital assets;
Velikost in oblika ciljnega območja se razlikujeta med letališči in sta odvisni od različnih značilnosti letališča, vključno z njegovim poslovnim modelom, lokacijo in letalskimi destinacijami, na katere opravlja lete;
‘catchment area of an airport’ means a geographic market boundary that is normally set at around 100 kilometres or around 60 minutes' travelling time by car, bus, train or high-speed train; however, the catchment area of a given airport may be different and needs to take into account the specificities of each particular airport.
„stroški financiranja“ pomenijo stroške, povezane s posojilom in lastniškim financiranjem upravičenih stroškov za naložbo, ali povedano drugače, stroški financiranja upoštevajo delež celotnih obresti in odplačila lastnega kapitala, ki ustreza financiranju upravičenih stroškov za naložbo, razen financiranja gibljivih sredstev, naložb v neletalske dejavnosti in drugih naložbenih projektov;
The size and shape of the catchment area varies from airport to airport, and depends on various characteristics of the airport, including its business model, location and the destinations it serves;
„datum dodelitve pomoči“ pomeni datum, ko se je država Efte pravno zavezala k dodelitvi pomoči, pri čemer se je na to zavezo mogoče sklicevati pred nacionalnim sodiščem;
‘costs of financing’ means the costs related to debt and equity financing of the eligible costs of the investment; in other words, the costs of financing take into account the proportion of total interest and own capital remuneration that corresponds to the financing of eligible costs of the investment, excluding the financing of working capital, investments in non-aeronautical activities or other investment projects;
„upravičeni stroški za naložbe“ pomenijo stroške, povezane z naložbami v letališko infrastrukturo, vključno s stroški načrtovanja, vendar brez stroškov naložb za neletalske dejavnosti, stroškov naložb v zvezi z opremo za storitve zemeljske oskrbe, rednih stroškov vzdrževanja in stroškov za naloge, ki spadajo na področje javne politike;
‘date of grant of the aid’ means the date when the EFTA State took a legally binding commitment to award the aid that can be invoked before a national court;
„storitve zemeljske oskrbe“ pomenijo storitve za uporabnike letališč na letališčih, opisane v Prilogi k Direktivi 96/67/ES in kateri koli naknadni zakonodaji o dostopu do trga storitev zemeljske oskrbe na letališčih;
‘eligible investment costs’ means the costs relating to investments in airport infrastructure, including planning costs, but excluding investment costs for non-aeronautical activities, investment costs in relation to equipment for ground handling services, ordinary maintenance costs and costs for tasks falling within the public policy remit;
„hitri vlak“ pomeni vlak, ki lahko doseže hitrost več kot 200 km/h;
‘ground handling services’ means services provided to airport users at airports as described in the Annex to Directive 96/67/EC, and any subsequent legislation on access to the ground handling market at airports;
„pomoč za naložbe“ pomeni pomoč za financiranje osnovnih sredstev, zlasti za pokritje vrzeli v financiranju stroškov investicijskega vzdrževanja;
‘high-speed train’ means a train capable of reaching speeds of over 200 km/h;
„neto sedanja vrednost“ pomeni razliko med pozitivnimi in negativnimi denarnimi tokovi iz poslovanja med trajanjem naložbe, znižanimi na njihovo sedanjo vrednost z uporabo stroškov kapitala, tj. normalne zahtevane stopnje donosa, ki jo uporabi družba v drugih podobnih naložbenih projektih, ali, kadar ta ni na voljo, stroškov kapitala družbe kot celote ali pričakovanih donosov, ki jih je običajno opaziti v letališkem sektorju;
‘investment aid’ means aid to finance fixed capital assets, specifically, to cover the capital costs funding gap;
„neletalske dejavnosti“ pomenijo komercialne storitve za letalske prevoznike ali druge uporabnike letališča, kot so pomožne storitve za potnike, špediterje ali druge ponudnike storitev, dajanje v najem pisarniških in trgovskih prostorov, parkirišča za avtomobile in hoteli;
‘net present value’ means the difference between the positive and negative cash flows over the lifetime of the investment, discounted to their current value using the cost of capital, that is to say, the normal required rate of return applied by the company in other investment projects of a similar kind or, where not available, the cost of capital of the company as a whole, or expected returns commonly observed in the airport sector;
„pomoč za tekoče poslovanje“ pomeni pomoč za pokritje „vrzeli v financiranju poslovanja“ v obliki vnaprejšnjega plačila ali periodičnih obrokov za pokritje pričakovanih stroškov poslovanja (periodična plačila pavšalnih zneskov);
‘non-aeronautical activities’ means commercial services to airlines or other users of the airport, such as ancillary services to passengers, freight forwarders or other service providers, renting out of offices and shops, car parking and hotels;
„stroški poslovanja“ pomenijo osnovne stroške letališča z vidika zagotavljanja letaliških storitev, vključno s stroškovnimi kategorijami, kot so stroški za zaposlene, pogodbene storitve, komunikacije, odpadke, energijo, vzdrževanje, najem in upravljanje, vendar ne vključujejo stroškov investicijskega vzdrževanja, podpore za trženje ali katerih koli drugih spodbud, ki jih letalskim prevoznikom dodeli letališče, ter stroškov, ki spadajo na področje javne politike;
‘operating aid’ means aid to cover the ‘operating funding gap’, either in the form of an upfront payment or in the form of periodic instalments to cover expected operating costs (periodic lump sum payments);
„vrzel v financiranju poslovanja“ pomeni izgube iz poslovanja letališča v zadevnem obdobju, znižane na njihovo sedanjo vrednost z uporabo stroškov investicijskega vzdrževanja, oziroma primanjkljaj (po neto sedanji vrednosti) med letališkimi prihodki in stroški poslovanja letališča;
‘operating costs’ means the underlying costs of an airport in respect of the provision of airport services, including cost categories such as cost of personnel, contracted services, communications, waste, energy, maintenance, rent and administration, but excluding the capital costs, marketing support or any other incentives granted to airlines by the airport, and costs falling within a public policy remit;
„razumna stopnja dobička“ pomeni stopnjo donosa kapitala, izmerjeno na primer kot metodo notranje stopnje donosa, za katero se običajno pričakuje, da jo bo podjetje ustvarilo z naložbami s podobno stopnjo tveganja;
‘operating funding gap’ means the operating losses of an airport over the relevant period, discounted to their current value using the cost of capital, that is to say the shortfall (in net present value terms) between airport revenues and operating costs of the airport;
„regionalno letališče“ pomeni letališče, katerega letni potniški promet obsega do 3 milijone potnikov;
‘reasonable profit margin’ means a rate of return on capital, for example, measured as an internal rate of return (IRR), that the undertaking is normally expected to make on investments with a similar degree of risk;
„oddaljene regije“ pomenijo otoke, ki so del ozemlja države Efte, in redko poseljena območja;
‘regional airport’ means an airport with annual passenger traffic volume of up to 3 million;
„redko poseljena območja“ pomenijo regije na ravni NUTS 2 z manj kot 8 prebivalci na km2 ali regije na ravni NUTS 3 z manj kot 12,5 prebivalca na km2 (na podlagi podatkov Eurostata o gostoti prebivalstva);
‘remote regions’ mean islands which are part of the territory of an EFTA State, and sparsely populated areas;
„začetek dela“ pomeni začetek gradbenih del na naložbenem projektu ali prvo trdno zavezo k naročilu opreme ali drugo zavezo, zaradi katere je naložba nepovratna, odvisno od tega, kaj nastopi prej, ne vključuje pa pripravljalnih del, kot sta pridobivanje dovoljenj in izvajanje predhodnih študij izvedljivosti.
‘sparsely populated areas’ mean NUTS 2 regions with less than 8 inhabitants per km2 or NUTS 3 regions with less than 12,5 inhabitants per km2 (based on Eurostat data on population density);
OBSTOJ DRŽAVNE POMOČI V SMISLU ČLENA 61(1) SPORAZUMA EGP
‘start of works’ means either the start of construction works on the investment, or the first firm commitment to order equipment or other commitment that makes the investment irreversible, whichever comes first, and does not include preparatory works, such as obtaining permits and conducting preliminary feasibility studies.
V skladu s členom 61(1) Sporazuma EGP se pravila o državni pomoči uporabljajo le, kadar je prejemnik „podjetje“.
PRESENCE OF STATE AID WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARTICLE 61(1) OF THE EEA AGREEMENT
Sodišče Evropske unije (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Sodišče) je dosledno obravnavalo podjetja kot subjekte, ki opravljajo gospodarsko dejavnost, ne glede na njihov pravni status ali lastništvo in način financiranja [21].
In accordance with Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement, State aid rules apply only where the recipient is an ‘undertaking’.
Vsaka dejavnost, v okviru katere se na trgu ponujajo blago in storitve, je gospodarska dejavnost [22].
The Court of Justice of the European Union (‘the Court’) has consistently defined undertakings as entities engaged in an economic activity, regardless of their legal status or ownership and the way in which they are financed [21].
Gospodarska narava dejavnosti kot take ni odvisna od tega, ali dejavnost ustvarja dobičke [23].
Any activity consisting in offering goods and services on a market is an economic activity [22].
Jasno je, da dejavnost letalskih prevoznikov, ki vključuje zagotavljanje storitev prometa potnikom ali podjetjem, pomeni gospodarsko dejavnost.
The economic nature of an activity as such does not depend on whether the activity generates profits [23].
Vendar so smernice za letalski sektor iz leta 1994 še vedno izražale stališče, da „[g]radnja [ali] širitev infrastrukturnih projektov (kot so letališča, avtoceste, mostovi itd.) predstavlja splošen ukrep gospodarske politike, ki ga Komisija ne more nadzorovati na podlagi pravil Pogodbe o državni pomoči.“ Sodišče je v zadevi Aéroports de Paris [24] razsodilo proti temu stališču in odločilo, da gospodarsko dejavnost pomeni tudi upravljanje letališča, sestavljeno iz zagotavljanja letaliških storitev letalskim prevoznikom in različnim ponudnikom storitev.
It is now clear that the activity of airlines which consists in providing transport services to passengers or undertakings constitutes an economic activity.
Splošno sodišče je v svoji sodbi v zadevi Flughafen Leipzig-Halle [25] pojasnilo, da je upravljanje letališča gospodarska dejavnost, katere neločljiv del je gradnja letališke infrastrukture.
The 1994 Aviation guidelines, however, still reflected the view that ‘[t]he construction [or] enlargement of infrastructure projects (such as airports, motorways, bridges, etc.) represents a general measure of economic policy which cannot be controlled by the Commission under the Treaty rules on State aid.’
V zvezi s preteklimi finančnimi ukrepi zaradi postopnega razvoja tržnih sil v letališkem sektorju [26] ni mogoče določiti natančnega datuma, od katerega bi se moralo upravljanje letališča nedvomno obravnavati kot gospodarska dejavnost.
In ‘Aéroports de Paris’ [24], the Union Courts ruled against this view and held that the operation of an airport consisting in the provision of airport services to airlines and to the various service providers also constitutes an economic activity.
Vendar sta sodišči Unije priznali razvojne spremembe v naravi letaliških dejavnosti.
In its judgment in the ‘Leipzig-Halle airport’ case [25], the General Court clarified that the operation of an airport is an economic activity, of which the construction of airport infrastructure is an inseparable part.
Splošno sodišče je v zadevi Flughafen Leipzig-Halle razsodilo, da od leta 2000 uporabe pravil o državni pomoči za financiranje letališke infrastrukture ni mogoče več izključiti [27].
As far as past financing measures are concerned, the gradual development of market forces in the airport sector [26] does not allow for a precise date to be determined, from which the operation of an airport should without doubt be considered as an economic activity.
Zato je treba od datuma sodbe v zadevi Aéroports de Paris (12. decembra 2000) upravljanje in gradnjo letališke strukture obravnavati kot nalogo, ki se uvršča na področje nadzora državnih pomoči.
However, the Union Courts have recognised the evolution in the nature of airport activities.
Povedano drugače, javni organi so lahko zaradi negotovosti, ki je obstajala pred sodbo v zadevi Aéroports de Paris, upravičeno menili, da financiranje letališke infrastrukture ni pomenilo državne pomoči in da v skladu s tem takih ukrepov ni bilo treba priglasiti Nadzornemu organu.
In ‘Leipzig/Halle airport’, the General Court held that, from 2000, the application of State aid rules to the financing of airport infrastructure could no longer be excluded [27].
Iz tega sledi, da Nadzorni organ na podlagi pravil o državni pomoči zdaj ne more preverjati finančnih ukrepov, odobrenih [28] pred sodbo v zadevi Aéroports de Paris [29].
Consequently, from the date of the judgment in ‘Aéroports de Paris’ (12 December 2000), the operation and construction of airport infrastructure must be considered as falling within the ambit of State aid control.
Vsekakor ukrepi, ki so bili dodeljeni pred razvojem konkurence v letališkem sektorju, ob dodelitvi niso pomenili državne pomoči, vendar bi se lahko obravnavali kot obstoječa pomoč v smislu člena 1(b)(v) dela II Protokola 3 k Sporazumu o nadzornem organu in sodišču, če so izpolnjeni pogoji iz člena 61(1) Sporazuma EGP.
Conversely, due to the uncertainty that existed prior to the judgment in ‘Aéroports de Paris’, public authorities could legitimately consider that the financing of airport infrastructure did not constitute State aid and, accordingly, that such measures did not need to be notified to the Authority.
Za subjekt ali skupino subjektov, ki izvajajo gospodarsko dejavnost zagotavljanja letaliških storitev letalskim prevoznikom, tj. oskrbe zrakoplova od pristanka do vzleta ter oskrbe potnikov in tovora tako, da letalskim prevoznikom omogočijo opravljanje zračnega prevoza [30], se bo uporabljal naziv „letališče“ [31].
It follows that the Authority cannot now bring into question, on the basis of State aid rules, financing measures granted [28] before the ‘Aéroports de Paris’ judgment [29].
Letališče letalskim prevoznikom zagotavlja vrsto storitev (v nadaljnjem besedilu: letališke storitve) v zameno za plačilo (v nadaljnjem besedilu: letališke pristojbine).
In any event, measures that were granted before any competition developed in the airport sector did not constitute State aid when granted, but could be considered as existing aid pursuant to Article 1(b)(v) of Part II of Protocol 3 of the Surveillance and Court Agreement, if the conditions of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement are met.
V EGP je natančen obseg letaliških storitev različen, prav tako se za pristojbine uporabljata izraza „takse“ ali „davki“, vendar zagotavljanje letaliških storitev letalskim prevoznikom v zameno za letališke pristojbine pomeni gospodarsko dejavnost v vseh državah Efte.
The entity or group of entities performing the economic activity of providing airport services to airlines, that is to say, the handling of aircraft, from landing to take-off, and of passengers and freight, so as to enable airlines to provide air transport services [30], will be referred to as the ‘airport’ [31].
Pravni in zakonodajni okvir lastništva in upravljanja posameznih letališč se v EGP razlikuje od letališča do letališča.
An airport provides a range of services (‘airport services’) to airlines, in exchange for payment (‘airport charges’).
Zlasti regionalna letališča se pogosto upravljajo v tesnem sodelovanju z javnimi organi.
While the exact extent of the services provided by airports, as well as the labelling of charges as ‘fees’ or ‘taxes’ varies across the EEA, the provision of airport services to airlines in exchange for airport charges constitutes an economic activity in all EFTA States.
V zvezi s tem je Sodišče razsodilo, da več subjektov lahko skupaj izvaja gospodarsko dejavnost, s čimer pod določenimi pogoji sestavljajo gospodarsko enoto [32].
The legal and regulatory framework within which individual airports are owned and operated varies from airport to airport across the EEA.
Na področju letalstva Nadzorni organ meni, da bi znatna vključenost v komercialno strategijo letališča, na primer z neposrednim sklepanjem dogovorov z letalskimi prevozniki ali določanjem letaliških pristojbin, pomenila močan pokazatelj, da ustrezni subjekt sam ali skupno izvaja gospodarsko dejavnost upravljanja letališča [33].
In particular, regional airports are often managed in close cooperation with public authorities.
Poleg letaliških storitev lahko letališče letalskim prevoznikom ali drugim uporabnikom letališča zagotavlja tudi druge komercialne storitve, kot so pomožne storitve za potnike, špediterje ali druge ponudnike storitev (na primer z dajanjem prostorov v najem trgovcem, gostincem, upravljavcem parkirišč itd.).
In this respect, the Court has ruled that several entities can be deemed to perform an economic activity together, thereby constituting an economic unit, under specific conditions [32].
Navedene gospodarske dejavnosti bodo skupaj poimenovane „neletalske dejavnosti“.
In the field of aviation, the Authority considers that significant involvement in an airport's commercial strategy, such as through the direct conclusion of agreements with airlines or the setting of airport charges, would constitute a strong indication that, alone or jointly, the relevant entity performs the economic activity of operating the airport [33].
Vse dejavnosti letališča pa niso nujno gospodarske narave [34].
In addition to airport services, an airport may also provide other commercial services to airlines or other users of the airport, such as ancillary services to passengers, freight forwarders or other service providers (for example, through the rental of premises to shop and restaurant managers, parking operators, etc.).
Razvrstitev subjekta med podjetja je vedno povezana s posamezno dejavnostjo, zato je treba razlikovati med dejavnostmi danega letališča in določiti, v kakšnem obsegu so te dejavnosti gospodarske narave.
These economic activities will be collectively referred to as ‘non-aeronautical activities’.
Letališče, ki izvaja gospodarske in negospodarske dejavnosti, je treba obravnavati kot podjetje le v zvezi z gospodarskimi dejavnostmi.
However, not all the activities of an airport are necessarily of an economic nature [34].
Sodišče je razsodilo, da dejavnosti, ki običajno spadajo v pristojnost države pri izvrševanju njenih uradnih pooblastil kot javnega organa, niso gospodarske narave in na splošno ne spadajo na področje uporabe pravil o državni pomoči [35].
Since the classification of an entity as an undertaking is always in relation to a specific activity, it is necessary to distinguish between the activities of a given airport and to establish to what extent those activities are of an economic nature.
Dejavnosti na letališču, kot so kontrola zračnega prometa, policija, carina, gasilci, dejavnosti, nujne za varovanje civilnega letalstva pred dejanji nezakonitega vmešavanja, in naložbe v zvezi z infrastrukturo in opremo, potrebno za izvajanje navedenih dejavnosti, se na splošno štejejo za negospodarske [36].
If an airport carries out both economic and non-economic activities, it is to be regarded as an undertaking only with regard to the former.
Javno financiranje takih negospodarskih dejavnosti ne pomeni državne pomoči, vendar bi moralo biti strogo omejeno na zagotavljanje nadomestila stroškov, ki nastanejo v okviru teh dejavnosti, in se ne sme uporabljati za financiranje drugih dejavnosti [37].
The Court has held that activities that normally fall under the responsibility of the State in the exercise of its official powers as a public authority are not of an economic nature and in general do not fall within the scope of the rules on State aid [35].
Vsako morebitno prekomerno nadomestilo stroškov, ki nastanejo v povezavi z negospodarskimi dejavnostmi, s strani javnih organov lahko pomeni državno pomoč.