natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In addition to the abovementioned, an independent bill will concern building and housing cooperatives.
Poleg zgoraj navedenih zadev bo neodvisni predlog zakona zadeval gradbene in stanovanjske zadruge.
In other respects, the main changes in the bill may be simplified into three issues.
Na drugih področjih je glavne spremembe v predlogu zakona mogoče poenostaviti na tri zadeve.
First, they concern social assistance.
Prvič, nanašajo se na socialno pomoč.
Second, the participation of municipalities in such assistance and third changes concerning the organisational set-up of housing affairs.’
Drugič, sodelovanje občin pri taki pomoči in, tretjič, spremembe v zvezi z organizacijsko ureditvijo stanovanjskih zadev.“
When the Minister of Social Affairs submitted the bill to Parliament, he explained the main legislative changes foreseen under the new bill in the following manner:
Ko je minister za socialne zadeve predlog zakona poslal parlamentu, je tako pojasnil glavne zakonodajne spremembe, predvidene v novem predlogu zakona:
‘The main items are as follows:
„Glavne točke so:
The State Housing Agency will be abolished.
Odpravljena bo Državna stanovanjska agencija.
The State Building Fund and the Workers’ Housing Fund will be merged into the Housing Financing Fund and the assets of the State Housing Agency will also become part of the Fund.
Državni gradbeni sklad in Delavski stanovanjski sklad bosta združena v sklad HFF, del sklada HFF pa bodo postala tudi sredstva Državne stanovanjske agencije.
The housing bond system will remain unchanged as regards real estate transactions on the general market.
Sistem stanovanjskih obveznic se ne bo spremenil, kar zadeva nepremičninske posle na splošnem trgu.
The Housing Financing Fund shall in the fullness of time become self-sustainable.
Sklad HFF bo sčasoma postal samozadosten.
One item in that regard is that it is presupposed that older loans taken by the Fund will be restructured.
Ena točka v zvezi s tem je, da se domneva, da bodo starejša posojila, ki jih je najel Sklad, prestrukturirana.
With the restructuring it will be possible to achieve substantially better rates than the Building Funds enjoy today.
S prestrukturiranjem bo mogoče doseči precej boljše obrestne mere, kot jih imajo gradbeni skladi danes.
This Fund will be very strong.
Ta sklad bo zelo trden.
It will have a capital of 26 billion ISK and will have access to the best lending rates.’
Imel bo 26 milijard ISK kapitala in dostop do najboljših posojilnih obrestnih mer.“
The Housing Financing Fund is an independent State-owned institution subject to a separate board of directors within the administrative purview of the Minister of Social Affairs (cf. Article 4 of the Housing Act).
Sklad HFF je neodvisna ustanova v državni lasti, podrejena ločenemu nadzornemu svetu v upravni pristojnosti ministra za socialne zadeve (glej člen 4 Stanovanjskega zakona).
The Fund replaced the previous State Housing Agency.
Sklad je zamenjal nekdanjo Državno stanovanjsko agencijo.
According to Article 7, the Minister shall appoint the five-member board of directors of the Fund for a four-year term.
V skladu s členom 7 minister imenuje petčlanski nadzorni svet Sklada za štiri leta.
Article 8 provides that the board hires a managing director, who is responsible for the day-to-day operation of the Fund, hiring of staff, etc.
V členu 8 je določeno, da svet zaposli direktorja, ki je odgovoren za vsakodnevno delovanje Sklada, zaposlovanje osebja itd.
As outlined above, the Housing Act abolished both the State Building Fund and the Workers’ Housing Fund.
Kot je navedeno zgoraj, sta bila s Stanovanjskim zakonom odpravljena Državni gradbeni sklad in Delavski stanovanjski sklad.
The funds were to be merged and abolished as of the entry into force of the Act.
Z začetkom veljavnosti Zakona naj bi se sklada združila in odpravila.
From the same date, the Housing Financing Fund took over the functions, rights, assets, liabilities and obligations of both funds (cf. Article 53 of the Act).
S tem datumom je sklad HFF tudi prevzel naloge, pravice, sredstva, obveznosti in dolžnosti obeh skladov (glej člen 53 Zakona).
The rights and privileges afforded to them by law applied to the Housing Financing Fund.
Pravice in privilegiji, ki so jima bili dodeljeni v skladu z zakonodajo, so pripadli skladu HFF.
The Housing Financing Fund similarly took over all rights and duties related to debt certificates owned by the State Building Fund and the Workers’ Housing Fund and was to take their place in any litigation against them or conducted on their behalf.
Sklad HFF je podobno prevzel vse pravice in dolžnosti glede dolžniških potrdil v lasti Državnega gradbenega sklada in Delavskega stanovanjskega sklada ter naj bi prevzel njuno vlogo pri kakršnem koli pravdnem sporu proti njima ali v njunem imenu.
The tasks entrusted to the Housing Financing Fund by law are listed in Article 9 of the Housing Act and include:
Naloge, za katere je odgovoren sklad HFF v skladu z zakonodajo, so navedene v členu 9 Stanovanjskega zakona in vključujejo:
Lending and administration of housing bonds transactions in accordance with the provisions of this Act.
Posojanje in upravljanje poslov s stanovanjskimi obveznicami v skladu z določbami tega zakona.
Lending to municipalities, companies and associations for construction or purchase of residential housing.
Posojanje občinam, družbam in združenjem za gradnjo ali nakup stanovanjskih objektov.
As was the case for the State Building Fund and the Workers’ Housing Fund under the previous Act No 97/1993, also the Housing Financing Fund is financed by 1) a return on their own capital and 2) by the issuing and sale of bonds (cf. Article 10 of the Housing Act).
Tako kot je veljalo za Državni gradbeni sklad in Delavski stanovanjski sklad v skladu s prejšnjim Zakonom št. 97/1993, se tudi sklad HFF financira z 1) donosi iz lastnega kapitala ter 2) izdajo in prodajo obveznic (glej člen 10 Stanovanjskega zakona).
However, in contrast the system laid down in Act No 97/1993 with regard to financing via direct contributions from the Treasury was not continued in the Housing Act.
Vendar se v nasprotju s tem sistem, določen v Zakonu št. 97/1993 v zvezi s financiranjem z neposrednimi prispevki iz državne blagajne, v Stanovanjskem zakonu ni nadaljeval.
According to Article 11 of the Housing Act, the Housing Financing Fund shall preserve and earn a return on the monies in its charge.
V skladu s členom 11 Stanovanjskega zakona sklad HFF ohrani in ustvarja donos z denarnimi sredstvi, za katera je odgovoren.
Having obtained the approval of the Minister of Social Affairs, the Fund may decide to commit the safe-keeping of its assets to others, in part or in whole.
Z odobritvijo ministra za socialne zadeve se lahko Sklad odloči, da varovanje svojih sredstev delno ali v celoti zaupa drugim osebam.
Care shall be taken that the Fund possesses, at all times, adequate liquid funds to honour its obligations.
Zagotovi se, da ima Sklad vedno zadostna likvidna sredstva, da izpolni svoje obveznosti.
Loan categories
Kategorije posojil
The three types of loans
Tri vrste posojil
Article 15 of the Housing Act laid down the three categories of loans extended by the Housing Financing Fund [14].
V členu 15 Stanovanjskega zakona so bile določene tri kategorije posojil, ki jih je sklad HFF podaljšal [14].
The categories were:
Te kategorije so bile:
general loans under Chapter VI of the Act for the construction and purchase of residential housing,
splošna posojila v skladu s Poglavjem VI Zakona za gradnjo ali nakup stanovanjskih objektov,
additional loans to individuals under Chapter VII of the Act for construction and purchase of residential housing,
dodatna posojila posameznikom v skladu s Poglavjem VII Zakona za gradnjo ali nakup stanovanjskih objektov,
loans for rental housing to municipalities, associations and companies under Chapter VIII of the Act for construction or purchase of residential housing to be rented.
posojila občinam, združenjem in družbam za najemna stanovanja v skladu s poglavjem VIII Zakona za gradnjo ali nakup stanovanjskih objektov, ki se bodo dajala v najem.
According to paragraph 1 of Article 16, the Fund was permitted to create new categories of loans, subject to the approval of the Minister of Social Affairs.
V skladu z odstavkom 1 člena 16 je lahko Sklad ustvaril tudi nove kategorije posojil, če je to odobril minister za socialne zadeve.
General loans
Splošna posojila
The Housing Act continued the system with general housing loans that had been introduced by the housing bonds system in 1989 and also applied under Act No 97/1993.
V Stanovanjskem zakonu se je nadaljeval sistem splošnih stanovanjskih posojil, ki je bil uveden s sistemom stanovanjskih obveznic leta 1989 in se je uporabljal tudi na podlagi Zakona št. 97/1993.
The new act did not introduce changes regarding this loan category.
Z novim zakonom niso bile uvedene spremembe v zvezi s to kategorijo posojil.
In order to administer general loans, the Housing Financing Fund was to operate a Housing Bonds Division, as previously operated by the State Housing Agency, whose finances were to be kept separate from other activities of the Fund’s operation (cf. Article 17 of the Housing Act) [15].
Sklad HFF naj bi za dajanje splošnih posojil upravljal Sektor za stanovanjske obveznice, ki ga je prej upravljala Državna stanovanjska agencija in katerega finance so morale biti ločene od drugih dejavnosti Sklada (glej člen 17 Stanovanjskega zakona) [15].
The Housing Bond Division was to:
Naloge Sektorja za stanovanjske obveznice so bile:
issue categories of marketable housing bonds in the name of the Housing Financing Fund subject to the terms and conditions laid down in this Act, or by regulation;
Izdajanje kategorij tržnih obveznic v imenu sklada HFF (v nadaljnjem besedilu: tržne obveznice) v skladu s pogoji, določenimi v tem zakonu ali z uredbo.
exchange debt instruments secured by mortgage and housing bonds;
Zamenjava dolžniških instrumentov, zavarovanih s hipoteko in stanovanjskimi obveznicami.
promote the saleability of housing bonds in the market.
Spodbujanje možnosti prodaje stanovanjskih obveznic na trgu.
A mortgage bond was to be index linked and have the same lending terms as the housing bonds, exchanged for the mortgage bond, in addition to interest margin (cf. Article 19 of the Act).
Hipotekarna obveznica je morala biti indeksirana, zanjo pa so morali veljati enaki posojilni pogoji kot za stanovanjske obveznice, ki so se zamenjale za hipotekarno obveznico, poleg obrestne marže (glej člen 19 Zakona).
This margin could be set so that it covered the Housing Bonds Division’s operating expenses and estimated losses from outstanding loans (cf. Article 28 of the Act).
Ta marža se je lahko določila za pokritje stroškov poslovanja in ocenjenih izgub iz neodplačanih posojil Sektorja za stanovanjske obveznice (glej člen 28 Zakona).
The Minister of Social Affairs was to determine the level of the interest margin after having obtained a proposal from the Board of the Housing Financing Fund.
Minister za socialne zadeve je moral določiti raven obrestne marže, potem ko je prejel predlog Sveta sklada HFF.
Mortgage instruments and housing bonds could be exchanged for an amount not exceeding 70 % of the appraised value of property, if the owner was building or buying his first residential housing, but 65 % of the value in all other instances (cf. Article 19 of the Act); in other words a reduction from the former ceiling of 75 % of the assessed price laid down in the abovementioned Article 27 of the previous Act No 97/1993.
Hipotekarni instrumenti in stanovanjske obveznice so se lahko zamenjali za znesek, ki ni presegal več kot 70 % ocenjene vrednosti nepremičnine, če je lastnik gradil ali kupoval svoj prvi stanovanjski objekt, vendar največ 65 % vrednosti v drugih primerih (glej člen 19 Zakona); z drugimi besedami je to pomenilo zmanjšanje s prejšnjega praga 75 % ocenjene cene, določenega v zgoraj navedenem členu 27 prejšnjega Zakona št. 97/1993.
The Minister of Social Affairs was permitted to decide in a Regulation the maximum number of mortgage instruments bought by the Housing Bond Division for each property.
Minister za socialne zadeve je bil pooblaščen, da z uredbo določi najvišje število hipotekarnih instrumentov, ki jih kupi Sektor za stanovanjske obveznice za vsako nepremičnino.
According to Article 21 of the Act, the maximum loan period of mortgage instruments bought by the Housing Bond Division was to be 40 years.
V skladu s členom 21 je bila odplačilna doba hipotekarnih instrumentov, ki jih je kupil Sektor za stanovanjske obveznice, največ 40 let.
Further rules regarding housing bonds were laid down in Regulation No 7/1999 on the Housing Bonds Division and housing bonds transactions (um húsbréfadeild og húsbréfaviðskipti).
Dodatna pravila o stanovanjskih obveznicah so bila določena v Uredbi št. 7/1999 o Sektorju za stanovanjske obveznice in poslih s stanovanjskimi obveznicami (um húsbréfadeild og húsbréfaviðskipti).
As regards lending to building contractors the rules in that Regulation mirrored those laid down in the previous Regulation 467/1991 of the same name applicable under the former Act [16].
Glede posojanja izvajalcem gradnje so pravila v navedeni uredbi izražala pravila, določena v prejšnji Uredbi 467/1991 z enakim naslovom, ki se je uporabljala v skladu s prejšnjim zakonom [16].
As can be seen from the above, the housing bond swapping system remained the same after the entry into force of the Housing Act.
Kot je razvidno iz zgornjega besedila, je sistem zamenjave stanovanjskih obveznic po začetku veljavnosti Stanovanjskega zakona ostal enak.
The Housing Bond Division of the Housing Financing Fund was entrusted with the same functions as the same Division had carried out in the State Housing Agency (cf. Article 19 of the Act No 97/1993 and Article 17 of the Housing Act, both quoted above).
Sektor za stanovanjske obveznice sklada HFF je imel enake naloge, kot jih je ta sektor opravljal v Državni stanovanjski agenciji (glej zgoraj navedena člen 19 Zakona 97/1993 in člen 17 Stanovanjskega zakona).
This is also borne out by the comments to chapter VI of the bill which became the Housing Act, that the chapter contained substantively corresponding provisions as chapter IV of the Act No 97/1993 [17].
To potrjujejo tudi pripombe na poglavje VI predloga zakona, ki je postal Stanovanjski zakon, v zvezi s tem, da poglavje vsebuje določbe, ki vsebinsko ustrezajo poglavju IV Zakona št. 97/1993 [17].
Additional loans
Dodatna posojila
With the Housing Act a new loan category, called additional loans, for people with lower income, was added to the housing system.
S Stanovanjskim zakonom je bila v stanovanjski sistem dodana nova kategorija posojil, imenovana dodatna posojila, za osebe z nižjimi dohodki.
Those loans could be granted on top of the general loans replacing several social loans granted under Act No 97/1993 but were subsequently repealed [18].
Ta posojila so se lahko dodelila poleg splošnih posojil in so nadomestila več socialnih posojil, dodeljenih v skladu z Zakonom št. 97/1993, vendar so bila pozneje odpravljena [18].
According to Article 30, following a request from a municipal housing committee, the Housing Financing Fund could grant individuals who had a right to a general loan for the purchase of an apartment additional loans which could cover 25 % of the estimated value of the apartment.
V skladu s členom 30 je lahko sklad HFF na prošnjo občinskega stanovanjskega odbora posameznikom, ki so imeli pravico do splošnega posojila za nakup stanovanja, dodelil dodatna posojila, ki so lahko krila 25 % ocenjene vrednosti stanovanja.
As was the case for social loans under the previous system in Act No 97/1993 before the establishment of the Housing Financing Fund, total lending from the Housing Financing Fund (general loan and addition loan) could never exceed 90 % of the estimated value of the apartment.
Tako kot je veljalo za socialna posojila v skladu s prejšnjim sistemom iz Zakona št. 97/1993 pred ustanovitvijo sklada HFF, celotno posojilo sklada HFF (splošno posojilo in dodatno posojilo) ni smelo presegati 90 % ocenjene vrednosti stanovanja.
The Minister of Social Affairs was to set a regulation further outlining the requirements for granting additional loans.
Minister za socialne zadeve naj bi sprejel uredbo, v kateri bi natančneje opredelil zahteve za dodeljevanje dodatnih posojil.
The following criteria were to be considered for granting those loans: family size, assets, income, apartment size and type of housing.
Pri dodeljevanju teh posojil naj bi se upoštevala naslednja merila: velikost družine, premoženje, prihodki, velikost in vrsta stanovanja.
The Minister of Social Affairs issued Regulation No 783/1998 on Additional Loans, which laid down in greater detail the conditions applicants had to satisfy in order to be eligible for additional loans.
Minister za socialne zadeve je sprejel Uredbo št. 783/1998 o dodatnih posojilih, v kateri so bili natančneje določeni pogoji, ki jih morajo izpolnjevati prosilci, da bi bili upravičeni do dodatnih posojil.
Articles 5 and 6 of the Regulation provided that the applicant could not exceed certain thresholds as regards income and assets in order to qualify for an additional loan [19].
V členih 5 in 6 Uredbe je bilo določeno, da prosilec ne sme preseči določenega praga, kar zadeva prihodke in premoženje, da je lahko upravičen do dodatnega posojila [19].
Article 8 stated that the applicant had to pass an evaluation of payment ability.
V členu 8 je bilo navedeno, da mora prosilec uspešno opraviti ovrednotenje plačilne sposobnosti.
In Article 4 it was stated that the municipalities were permitted to create further guidelines for the housing committees to take into consideration.
V členu 4 je bilo navedeno, da lahko občine določijo dodatne smernice, ki jih morajo upoštevati stanovanjski odbori.
These issues could include current housing situations; the state and type of current housing and family size and health [20].
Te zadeve so lahko vključevale trenutni stanovanjski položaj; stanje in vrsto trenutnega stanovanja ter velikost družine in zdravje [20].
Hence, the main criteria for determining whether someone qualified for ‘social’ loans continued to be lack of assets and low income just as was the case under the rules in place before the enactment of the Housing Act.
Tako je najpomembnejše merilo za določanje, ali je oseba upravičena do „socialnih“ posojil, ostalo pomanjkanje premoženja in nizki prihodki, tako kot v skladu s pravili, ki so veljala pred sprejetjem Stanovanjskega zakona.
As opposed to the previous rules under Act No 97/1993, the Housing Act did not contain provisions for loans for the so-called lease-purchase social housing.
V nasprotju s prejšnjimi pravili po Zakonu št. 97/1993 Stanovanjski zakon ni vseboval določb za posojila za tako imenovani zakup socialnih stanovanj.
Furthermore, the Housing Act did not contain any provisions related to the sale of social apartments as they could be sold on the general market subject to the conditions laid down in Article 32 of the Housing Act.
Stanovanjski zakon tudi ni vseboval določb glede prodaje socialnih stanovanj, ker so se lahko prodajala na splošnem trgu v skladu s pogoji, določenimi v členu 32 Stanovanjskega zakona.
Rental apartments
Najemna stanovanja
The third loan category, loans for rental apartments, is regulated by Chapter VIII of the Housing Act.
Tretja kategorija posojil, posojila za najemna stanovanja, je zakonsko urejena v Poglavju VIII Stanovanjskega zakona.
According to Article 33, the Housing Financing Fund may extend loans for construction or purchase of housing intended for lease, to municipalities, associations or companies having the objective of constructing, owning and managing such housing.
V skladu s členom 33 lahko sklad HFF podaljša posojila za gradnjo ali nakup stanovanjskih objektov, namenjenih zakupu, občinam, združenjem ali družbam, ki nameravajo zgraditi, imeti v lasti in upravljati take stanovanjske objekte.
Loans may be granted for up to 90 % of the construction cost or purchase price but not exceeding 90 % of the cost basis approved by the board of the Fund (cf. Article 36 of the Act).
Posojila se lahko dodelijo za največ 90 % gradbenih stroškov ali nakupne cene, vendar ne smejo presegati 90 % stroškovne podlage, ki jo je odobril Sklad (glej člen 36 Zakona).
According to Article 37 of the Act, the right to rental housing shall depend on the social circumstances of an applicant and whether the applicant’s income and assets fall within the limits laid down in further detail in a Regulation issued by the Minister of Social Affairs.
V skladu s členom 37 Zakona je pravica do najemnega stanovanja odvisna od socialnih razmer prosilca in tega, ali so prosilčevi prihodki in premoženje v mejah, podrobneje določenih v uredbi ministra za socialne zadeve.
In the general comments accompanying Chapter VIII of the bill to the Housing Act it was stated that as regards this type of loans, for the greater part the same rules as under the former Act No 97/1993 would continue to apply [21].
V splošnih pripombah, priloženih Poglavju VIII predloga Stanovanjskega zakona, je bilo navedeno, da se bodo v zvezi s to vrsto posojil večinoma še naprej uporabljala enaka pravila kot v skladu s prejšnjim Zakonom št. 97/1993 [21].
Accordingly, this loan category is essentially the same as previously provided for in the rules regarding the Workers’ Housing Fund.
Skladno s tem je ta kategorija posojil pravzaprav enaka kategoriji, ki je bila prej predvidena v pravilih v zvezi z Delavskim stanovanjskim skladom.
The maximum loan for this loan category was 90 % of construction cost or purchase price, both under the terms of the Housing Act and Act No 97/1993.
Največje posojilo za to kategorijo posojil je znašalo 90 % gradbenih stroškov ali nakupne cene v skladu s Stanovanjskim zakonom in Zakonom št. 97/1993.
Similarly, the entitlement to these rental apartments was based on criteria of social need such as lack of assets and low income.
Podobno je upravičenost do teh najemnih stanovanj temeljila na merilih socialnih potreb, kot so pomanjkanje premoženja in nizki prihodki.
Amendments made in 2004
Spremembe, sprejete leta 2004
Act No 57/2004
Zakon št. 57/2004
In 2004, two Acts amending the Housing Act were enacted, Act No 57/2004 and Act No 120/2004.
Leta 2004 sta bila sprejeta dva zakona o spremembah Stanovanjskega zakona, Zakon št. 57/2004 in Zakon št. 120/2004.
Act No 57/2004, which entered into force on 1 July 2004, abolished the housing bond swapping system.
Zakon št. 57/2004, ki je začel veljati 1. julija 2004, je odpravil sistem zamenjave stanovanjskih obveznic.
Instead the general loans provided by the Housing Financing Fund were paid out in cash.
Namesto tega so se splošna posojila, ki jih je zagotovil sklad HFF, izplačala v gotovini. Glavni cilj sprememb je bil v predlogu zakona opisan tako:
The main objective of the changes was described in the following terms in the bill:
„Namen predloženega predloga zakona je Islandcem zagotoviti ugodnejša stanovanjska posojila preko sklada HFF s cenejšim financiranjem na splošnem posojilnem trgu.
‘The bill, which is here submitted, has the purpose of ensuring Icelanders more favourable housing loans through the Housing Financing Fund by cheaper financing in the general loan market.
Ta cilj se zagotovi z reorganizacijo izdajanja obveznic sklada HFF, kar bo okrepilo učinkovitost financiranja in odpravilo glavne pomanjkljivosti sedanjega izdajanja […].“
This objective shall be achieved by the reorganisation of the bond issuing of the Housing Financing Fund, which will enhance the efficiency of the financing and will cut away the main shortcomings with the current issuance […].After the amendments Article 19 of the Housing Act stated:
Po spremembah je člen 19 Stanovanjskega zakona določal: „Posojila, ki jih je sklad HFF podaljšal, se izplačajo v gotovini.
‘Loans extended by the Housing Financing Fund shall be paid out in cash. Before a loan is paid out, the borrower shall issue a borrower’s mortgage instrument and have it officially recorded.
Preden se posojilo izplača, posojilojemalec izstavi svoj hipotekarni instrument in ga uradno evidentira.