natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Most recently, this diversification of the publicly funded activities of public service broadcasters (such as online content, special interest channels) prompted a number of complaints by other market players also including publishers.
Nedavno je diverzifikacija javno financiranih dejavnosti javnih radiotelevizij (kot so spletne vsebine in posebni kanali) sprožila številne pritožbe drugih udeležencev na trgu, vključno z založniki.
In the 2003 Altmark judgment [3], the Court of Justice of the European Union (hereinafter referred to as the Court of Justice) defined the conditions under which public service compensation does not constitute State aid.
Sodišče Evropske unije (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Sodišče) je v svoji sodbi iz leta 2003 v zadevi Altmark [3] opredelilo pogoje, po katerih nadomestilo za opravljanje javne službe ni državna pomoč.
In 2005, the Authority adopted a new Chapter on State aid in the form of public service compensation [4] and included it into its State Aid Guidelines.
Leta 2005 je Nadzorni organ sprejel novo poglavje o državni pomoči v obliki nadomestila za javne storitve [4] in ga vključil v svoje Smernice o državni pomoči.
Moreover, in 2006, the Commission Decision 2005/842/EC of 28 November 2005 on the application of Article 86(2) of the EC Treaty to State aid in the form of public service compensation granted to certain undertakings entrusted with the operation of services of general economic interest [5] was incorporated into the EEA Agreement as Act referred to at point 1h of Annex XV to the EEA Agreement, as adapted by Protocol 1 thereto (hereinafter referred to as Decision 2005/842/EC) [6].
Poleg tega je bila leta 2006 v Sporazum EGP kot akt iz točke 1h Priloge XV k Sporazumu EGP, kakor je bil prilagojen s Protokolom 1 k Sporazumu, vključena Odločba Komisije 2005/842/ES z dne 28. novembra 2005 o uporabi člena 86(2) Pogodbe ES za državne pomoči v obliki nadomestila za javne storitve, dodeljene nekaterim podjetjem, pooblaščenim za opravljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena [5] (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Odločba 2005/842/ES) [6].
The EFTA States are currently in the process of incorporation of Directive 2007/65/EC (Audiovisual Media Services Directive) [7], extending the scope of the EEA-wide audiovisual regulation to emerging media services.
Države Efte trenutno izvajajo postopek vključevanja Direktive 2007/65/ES (Direktiva o avdiovizualnih medijskih storitvah) [7], ki razširja področje uporabe pravne ureditve EGP za avdiovizualno področje na medijske storitve v vzponu.
These changes in the market and in the legal environment have called for an update to the Chapter on the application of State aid rules to public service broadcasting.
Te spremembe trga in pravnega okolja so zahtevale posodobitev poglavja o uporabi pravil o državni pomoči za storitve javne radiodifuzije.
The 2005 State Aid Action Plan [8] announced that the European Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Commission) would ‘revisit its Communication on the application of State aid rules to public service broadcasting. Notably with the development of new digital technologies and of internet-based services, new issues have arisen regarding the scope of public service activities’.
V Akcijskem načrtu državnih pomoči iz leta 2005 [8] je bilo napovedano, da bo Evropska komisija (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Komisija) „ponovno proučila svoje Sporočilo o uporabi pravil glede državnih pomoči za storitve javne radiodifuzije. Zlasti z razvojem novih digitalnih tehnologij in internetnih storitev so se pojavila nova vprašanja glede področja uporabe dejavnosti storitev javne radiotelevizije“.
It clarifies the principles followed by the Authority in the application of Articles 61 and 59(2) of the EEA Agreement to the public funding of audiovisual services in the broadcasting sector [10], taking into account recent market and legal developments.
Pojasnjuje načela, ki jih Nadzorni organ uporablja pri izvrševanju člena 61 in člena 59(2) Sporazuma EGP v zvezi z javnim financiranjem avdiovizualnih storitev v sektorju radiodifuzije [10], ob upoštevanju najnovejšega razvoja trgov in prava.
The present Chapter is without prejudice to the application of the internal market rules and fundamental freedoms in the field of broadcasting.
To poglavje ne vpliva na uporabo pravil notranjega trga in temeljnih svoboščin na področju radiodifuzije.
The role of public service broadcasting
Vloga storitev javne radiodifuzije
Public service broadcasting, although having a clear economic relevance, is not comparable to a public service in any other economic sector.
Storitve javne radiodifuzije kljub svoji jasni gospodarski pomembnosti niso primerljive s storitvami javne službe v katerem koli drugem gospodarskem sektorju.
There is no other service that at the same time has access to such a wide sector of the population, provides it with so much information and content, and by doing so conveys and influences both individual and public opinion.
Nobena druga storitev ne doseže istočasno tako širokega sektorja prebivalcev, mu posredujejo toliko informacij in vsebin, s tem pa prenaša mnenje posameznikov in javnosti ter nanj vpliva.
Furthermore, broadcasting is generally perceived as a very reliable source of information and represents, for a not inconsiderable proportion of the population, the main source of information.
Poleg tega radiodifuzija na splošno velja za zanesljiv vir informacij in je za nezanemarljiv del prebivalstva glavni vir informacij.
It thus enriches public debate and ultimately can ensure that all citizens participate to a fair degree in public life.
Tako bogati javne razprave in lahko v končni fazi zagotavlja, da vsi državljani do neke mere sodelujejo v javnem življenju.
In this connection, safeguards for the independence of broadcasting are of key importance, in line with the general principle of freedom of expression as embodied in Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, a general principle of law the respect of which is ensured by the Court of Justice [11].
V zvezi s tem so ključni zaščitni ukrepi za neodvisnost radiodifuzije, kar je skladno s splošnim načelom svobode izražanja iz člena 10 Evropske konvencije o človekovih pravicah, tj. splošnim pravnim načelom, katerega spoštovanje zagotavlja Sodišče [11].
The role of the public service [12] in general is recognised by the EEA Agreement, in particular in Article 59(2), which reads as follows:
Sporazum EGP na splošno priznava vlogo javnih storitev [12], zlasti v členu 59(2), ki se glasi:
‘Undertakings entrusted with the operation of services of general economic interest or having the character of a revenue-producing monopoly shall be subject to the rules contained in this Agreement, in particular to the rules on competition, in so far as the application of such rules does not obstruct the performance, in law or in fact, of the particular tasks assigned to them. The development of trade must not be affected to such an extent as would be contrary to the interests of the Contracting Parties.’
„Podjetja, pooblaščena za opravljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena, oziroma podjetja, ki imajo značaj dohodkovnega monopola, ravnajo po pravilih iz tega sporazuma, zlasti po pravilih o konkurenci, kolikor uporaba takšnih pravil pravno ali dejansko ne ovira izvajanja posebnih nalog, ki so jim dodeljene. Na razvoj trgovine se ne sme vplivati v tolikšni meri, da bi bilo to v nasprotju z interesi pogodbenic.“
The importance of public service broadcasting for social, democratic and cultural life was reaffirmed in the Act referred to at point 33 of Annex XI to the EEA Agreement (Resolution of the Council and of the Representatives of the Governments of the Member States, meeting within the Council of 25 January 1999 concerning public service broadcasting) [13], as adapted by Protocol 1 thereto (hereinafter referred to as the Resolution concerning public service broadcasting) [14].
Pomen storitev javne radiodifuzije za družbeno, demokratično in kulturno življenje je bil znova potrjen tudi v aktu iz točke 33 Priloge XI k Sporazumu EGP (Resolucija Sveta in predstavnikov vlad držav članic, ki so se 25. januarja 1999 sestali v okviru Sveta v zvezi s storitvami javne radiodifuzije) [13], kakor je bila prilagojena s Protokolom 1 k Sporazumu (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Resolucija v zvezi s storitvami javne radiodifuzije) [14].
As underlined by the Resolution concerning public service broadcasting ‘broad public access, without discrimination and on the basis of equal opportunities, to various channels and services is a necessary precondition for fulfilling the special obligation of public service broadcasting’.
Kakor je poudarjeno v Resoluciji v zvezi s storitvami javne radiodifuzije, je dostop širše javnosti, brez diskriminacije in na temelju enakih možnosti, do različnih kanalov in storitev, nujen predpogoj za izpolnjevanje posebnih obveznosti, ki jih imajo storitve javne radiodifuzije.
Moreover, public service broadcasting needs to ‘benefit from technological progress’, bring ‘the public the benefits of the new audiovisual and information services and the new technologies’ and to undertake ‘the development and diversification of activities in the digital age’.
Poleg tega morajo storitve javne radiodifuzije „koristiti ugodnosti tehnološkega razvoja“, prinašati „javnosti ugodnosti novih avdiovizualnih in informacijskih storitev in novih tehnologij“ ter slediti „razvoju in diverzifikaciji dejavnosti v digitalni dobi“.
Finally, ‘public service broadcasting must be able to continue to provide a wide range of programming in accordance with its remit as defined by the Member States in order to address society as a whole; in this context it is legitimate for public service broadcasting to seek to reach wide audiences’.
Končno, „storitve javne radiodifuzije morajo še naprej omogočati široko paleto programov v skladu s svojim poslanstvom, ki so ga opredelile države članice, tako da lahko naslavljajo družbo kot celoto; v tem smislu je legitimno, da se s storitvami javne radiodifuzije skuša doseči široko občinstvo“.
Such measures may include, among others, ‘measures aimed at enhancing diversity of the media, including through public service broadcasting’ [16].
Ti ukrepi lahko vključujejo tudi „ukrepe za povečevanje raznolikosti medijev, tudi s storitvami javne radiodifuzije“ [16].
These values of public broadcasting are equally important in the rapidly changing new media environment.
Te vrednote javne radiodifuzije so enako pomembne v okolju novih medijev, ki se hitro spreminja.
This has also been highlighted in the recommendations of the Council of Europe concerning media pluralism and diversity of media content [17], and the remit of public service media in the information society [18].
To je bilo poudarjeno tudi v priporočilih Sveta Evrope o pluralnosti medijev in raznolikosti medijskih vsebin [17] ter o poslanstvu javnih medijev v informacijski družbi [18].
The latter recommendation calls upon the members of the Council of Europe to ‘guarantee public service media (…) in a transparent and accountable manner’ and to ‘enable public service media to respond fully and effectively to the challenges of the information society, respecting the public/private dual structure of the European electronic media landscape and paying attention to market and competition questions’.
V slednjem priporočilu so članice Sveta Evrope pozvane, naj pregledno in odgovorno jamčijo javne medije ter naj jim „omogočijo, da se temeljito in učinkovito odzovejo na izzive informacijske družbe, hkrati pa spoštujejo dvojnost strukture (javno/zasebno) evropske pokrajine elektronskih medijev ter upoštevajo tržna in konkurenčna vprašanja“.
At the same time and notwithstanding the above, it must be noted that commercial broadcasters, of whom a number are subject to public service requirements, also play a significant role in achieving the objectives of the Resolution concerning public service broadcasting to the extent that they contribute to pluralism, enrich cultural and political debate and widen the choice of programmes.
Hkrati pa je treba kljub navedenemu povedati, da so tudi zasebne radiotelevizije, od katerih morajo številne izpolnjevati zahteve, ki veljajo za opravljanje javne službe, zelo pomembne za uresničevanje ciljev Resolucije v zvezi s storitvami javne radiodifuzije, ker prispevajo k pluralizmu, bogatijo kulturne in politične razprave ter povečujejo izbiro programov.
Moreover, newspaper publishers and other print media are also important guarantors of an objectively informed public and of democracy.
Poleg tega so časopisni založniki in drugi tiskani mediji pomembni za objektivno obveščanje javnosti in demokracijo.
Given that these operators are now competing with broadcasters on the internet, all these commercial media providers are concerned by the potential negative effects that State aid to public service broadcasters could have on the development of new business models.
Ker so ti akterji zdaj konkurenca radiotelevizijam na internetu, so ponudniki komercialnih medijskih storitev zaskrbljeni zaradi morebitnih negativnih učinkov, ki bi jih imela državna pomoč javnim radiotelevizijam na razvoj novih poslovnih modelov.
As recalled by the Directive 2007/65/EC (Audiovisual Media Services Directive), ‘the coexistence of private and public audiovisual media service providers is a feature which distinguishes the European audiovisual media market.’ Indeed, it is in the common interest to maintain a plurality of balanced public and private media offer also in the current dynamic media environment.
Kot je zapisano v Direktivi 2007/65/ES (Direktiva o avdiovizualnih medijskih storitvah), je „soobstoj zasebnih in javnih ponudnikov avdiovizualnih medijskih storitev ena od posebnosti evropskega avdiovizualnega medijskega trga“. Seveda je v skupnem interesu, da se pluralnost uravnotežene javne in zasebne medijske ponudbe ohrani tudi v obstoječem dinamičnem medijskem okolju.
The application of State aid rules to public service broadcasting has to take into account a wide number of different elements.
Pri uporabi pravil o državni pomoči za storitve javne radiodifuzije je treba upoštevati veliko različnih prvin.
The State aid assessment is based on Article 61 of the EEA Agreement on State aid and Article 59(2) of the EEA Agreement on the application of the rules of the EEA Agreement and the competition rules, in particular, to services of general economic interest.
Ocenjevanje državne pomoči temelji na členu 61 Sporazuma EGP o državni pomoči ter členu 59(2) Sporazuma EGP o uporabi pravil Sporazuma EGP in pravil o konkurenci, zlasti v zvezi s storitvami splošnega gospodarskega pomena.
Protocol 3 to the Agreement on the Establishment of a Surveillance Authority and of a Court of Justice (hereinafter referred to as Protocol 3) established the rules of procedure in State aid cases.
Protokol 3 k Sporazumu o ustanovitvi nadzornega organa in sodišča (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Protokol 3) določa pravila postopka v primerih državne pomoči.
The EEA Agreement does not contain a provision similar to Article 167 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter referred to as TFEU) (ex Article 151 of the EC Treaty) concerning culture or a ‘cultural exemption’ for aid to promote culture similar to that contained in Article 107(3)(d) TFEU (ex Article 87(3)(d) of the EC Treaty).
Sporazum EGP ne vsebuje določb, ki bi bile podobne členu 167 Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije (v nadaljnjem besedilu: PDEU) (prej člen 151 Pogodbe ES) o kulturi ali „kulturne izjeme“ za pomoč, namenjeno spodbujanju kulture, podobne tisti iz člena 107(3)(d) PDEU (prej člen 87(3)(d) Pogodbe ES).
However, this does not mean that an exemption for such measures is excluded.
Vendar to ne pomeni, da izjeme za takšne ukrepe niso dopuščene.
As accepted by the Authority in previous cases, such support measures might be approved on cultural grounds on the basis of Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement [19].
Kakor je v prejšnjih primerih sprejel Nadzorni organ, se takšni podporni ukrepi lahko odobrijo iz kulturnih razlogov na podlagi člena 61(3)(c) Sporazuma EGP [19].
The regulatory framework concerning ‘audiovisual media services’ is coordinated at European level by the Directive 2007/65/EC (Audiovisual Media Services Directive).
Regulativni okvir o „avdiovizualnih medijskih storitvah“ je na evropski ravni določen z Direktivo 2007/65/ES (Direktiva o avdiovizualnih medijskih storitvah).
The financial transparency requirements concerning public undertakings are regulated by the Act referred to at point 1a of Annex XV to the EEA Agreement (Commission Directive 2006/111/EC of 16 November 2006 on the transparency of financial relations between Member States and public undertakings as well as on financial transparency within certain undertakings) [20], as adapted by Protocol 1 thereto (hereinafter referred to as Directive 2006/111/EC (Transparency Directive)) [21].
Zahteve po finančni preglednosti v javnih podjetjih so določene z aktom iz točke 1a Priloge XV k Sporazumu EGP (Direktiva Komisije 2006/111/ES z dne 16. novembra 2006 o preglednosti finančnih odnosov med državami članicami in javnimi podjetji ter o finančni preglednosti znotraj določenih podjetij) [20], kakor je bil prilagojen s Protokolom 1 k Sporazumu (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Direktiva 2006/111/ES (direktiva o preglednosti)) [21].
These rules are subject to interpretation by the EFTA Court within the ‘EFTA pillar’ and by the Court of Justice within the ‘European Union pillar’.
Za ta pravila velja razlaga Sodišča Efte znotraj „stebra Efte“ ter Sodišča znotraj „stebra Evropske unije“.
The Authority has also adopted several sets of guidelines on the application of the State aid rules which correspond to similar guidelines issued by the Commission.
Nadzorni organ je sprejel tudi več sklopov smernic o uporabi pravil o državni pomoči, ki ustrezajo podobnim smernicam, ki jih je izdala Komisija.
In particular, in 2005, the Authority adopted the Chapter on State aid in the form of public service compensation and in 2006, Decision 2005/842/EC was incorporated into the EEA Agreement, clarifying the requirements of Article 59(2) of the EEA Agreement.
Leta 2005 je Nadzorni organ sprejel poglavje o državni pomoči v obliki nadomestila za opravljanje javne službe, leta 2006 pa je bila Odločba 2005/842/ES vključena v Sporazum EGP, ki pojasnjuje zahteve iz člena 59(2) Sporazuma EGP.
The latter is also applicable in the field of broadcasting, to the extent that the conditions provided in Article 2(1)(a) of Decision 2005/842/EC are met [22].
Slednja se uporablja tudi za avdiovizualno področje, če so izpolnjeni pogoji iz člena 2(1)(a) Odločbe 2005/842/ES [22].
Applicability of Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement
Uporaba Člena 61(1) Sporazuma EGP
The State aid character of State financing of public service broadcasters
Značaj državne pomoči državnega financiranja javnih radiotelevizij
In line with Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement, the concept of State aid includes the following conditions: (a) there must be an intervention by the State or by means of State resources; (b) the intervention must be liable to affect trade between the Contracting Parties; (c) it must confer an advantage of the beneficiary; (d) it must distort or threaten to distort competition [23].
V skladu s členom 61(1) Sporazuma EGP vključuje pojem državne pomoči naslednje pogoje: (a) obstajati mora posredovanje države ali posredovanje iz državnih sredstev; (b) posredovanje mora vplivati na trgovino med pogodbenicami; (c) zagotavljati mora prednost prejemnika; (d) konkurenco mora izkrivljati oz. bi jo lahko izkrivljala [23].
The existence of State aid has to be assessed on an objective basis, taking into account the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice and the EFTA Court.
Obstoj državne pomoči se ugotavlja na podlagi objektivnih meril, upošteva pa se tudi sodna praksa Sodišča in Sodišča Efte.
The effect of State intervention, not its purpose, is the decisive element in any assessment of its State aid content under Article 61(1) of the EEA Agreement.
Pri vsaki oceni obsega državne pomoči v skladu s členom 61(1) Sporazuma EGP je odločilni element učinek državnega posredovanja in ne njegov namen.
Public service broadcasters are normally financed out of the State budget or through a levy on broadcasting equipment holders.
Javne radiotelevizije se običajno financirajo iz državnega proračuna ali z naročninami imetnikov radijskih in televizijskih sprejemnikov.
In certain specific circumstances, the State makes capital injections or debt cancellations in favour of public service broadcasters.
V nekaterih posebnih okoliščinah opravi država kapitalske vložke ali odpiše dolgove v korist javnih radiotelevizij.
These financial measures are normally attributable to the public authorities and involve the transfer of State resources [24].
Te finančne ukrepe običajno pripisujemo javnim organom in vključujejo prenos državnih sredstev [24].
State financing of public service broadcasters can also be generally considered to affect trade between the Contracting Parties.
Za državno financiranje javnih radiotelevizij lahko na splošno velja tudi, da vpliva na trgovino med pogodbenicami.
As the Court of Justice has observed, ‘when aid granted by the State or through State resources strengthens the position of an undertaking compared with other undertakings competing in intra-Community trade the latter must be regarded as affected by that aid’ [25].
Kakor je ugotovilo Sodišče Evropskih skupnosti, se v primeru, da „pomoč, ki jo dodeli država ali ki se dodeli iz državnih sredstev, okrepi položaj nekega podjetja v primerjavi z drugimi podjetji, ki konkurirajo v trgovini znotraj Skupnosti, šteje, da navedena pomoč vpliva na trgovino“ [25].
This is clearly the position as regards the acquisition and sale of programme rights, which often takes place at an international level.
To je stališče glede nakupa in prodaje programskih pravic, ki se običajno dogajata na mednarodni ravni.
Advertising, too, in the case of public service broadcasters who are allowed to sell advertising space, has a cross-border effect, especially for homogeneous linguistic areas across national boundaries.
Ko gre za javne radiotelevizije, ki so pooblaščene za prodajo oglaševalskega časa, ima tudi oglaševanje čezmejni učinek, zlasti na jezikovno homogenih področjih na obeh straneh nacionalnih meja.
Moreover, the ownership structure of commercial broadcasters may extend to more than one EEA State.
Poleg tega se lastniška struktura komercialnih radiotelevizij lahko razteza na več kot eno državo EGP.
Furthermore, services provided on the internet normally have a global reach.
Nadalje imajo storitve, ki se ponujajo po spletu, običajno svetovni doseg.
Regarding the existence of an advantage, the Court of Justice clarified in the Altmark case that public service compensation does not constitute State aid provided that four cumulative conditions are met.
Glede obstoja prednosti je Sodišče v zadevi Altmark pojasnilo, da nadomestilo za opravljanje javne službe ni državna pomoč, če so izpolnjeni štirje kumulativni pogoji.
First, the recipient undertaking must actually have public service obligations to discharge, and the obligations must be clearly defined.
Prvič, upravičeno podjetje mora dejansko opravljati obveznosti javnih storitev in te obveznosti morajo biti jasno opredeljene.