natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Irrespective of ownership arrangements, the retreaders are Union producers whose production process starts from a casing and who are producing a tyre.
Glavna prodajna kanala sta prodaja distributerjem, ki jih prodajo naprej lastnikom voznih parkov, ali neposredna prodaja lastnikom voznih parkov, občasno skupaj s storitvami (kontrola, vzdrževanje, servisiranje).
In addition, the life cycle of worn tyres ends in one of two ways.
Na ceno, ki so jo stranke pripravljene plačati za pnevmatike za tovornjake in avtobuse, lahko vpliva tudi znamka.
They are either discarded as a waste or used as a good casing to be retreaded.
Znamke so pogosto povezane z zaznano kakovostjo in storitvami, kar še bolj velja za pnevmatike višje kakovosti.
If considered waste, the owner of the worn tyre may have to pay a fee to dump the worn tyre.
Medsebojna povezava med novimi in protektiranimi pnevmatikami
In the second scenario, the worn tyre becomes a source of revenue.
Komisija je ugotovila, da so glavni proizvajalci Unije večinoma dejavni v prvem in drugem razredu, v katerih so pnevmatike zasnovane tako, da imajo dolgo življenjsko dobo in jih je mogoče protektirati.
Retreaders may purchase the worn tyre from a service garage or retread a worn tyre under a tolling agreement.
To upravičuje občutno višje cene (in stopnje dobička) za pričakovane visoke zmogljivosti pnevmatik prvega in drugega razreda.
All verified retreaders use two sources of supply (namely either stock casing or tolling agreement) to produce tyres.
Dejansko je preiskava pokazala, da večji proizvajalci Unije dejavno tržijo možnost protektiranja svojih pnevmatik kot način za ustvarjanje zvestobe blagovni znamki in razlikovanje od cenejšega uvoza pnevmatik tretjega razreda.
The purchase price of a worn tyre was on average around 10 % of the overall cost of production of a retreaded tyre.
Preiskava je tako pokazala, da velik del vrednosti, pripisane pnevmatikam prvega in drugega razreda, dejansko izvira iz obstoja industrije protektiranja iz tretjega razreda.
The Commission considered that the difference in costs of production or in the added value between the two ways of retreading casings, was not significant, and regarded those as two different business models of retreading.
Zaradi visoke zamenljivosti protektiranih in novih pnevmatik pa je tretji razred tudi najbolj občutljiv na kitajski uvoz zadevnega izdelka po nizkih cenah.
Therefore, the Commission concluded that the retreaders were part of the Union industry since they bring into existence the product concerned.
To velja zlasti, če upoštevamo, da se uporabniki zavedajo, da se, kar zadeva zmogljivost, protektirane pnevmatike in nove pnevmatike nizke kakovosti bistveno ne razlikujejo.
As a result, data provided by the retreaders and verified by the Commission (including actual costs and sales prices) were used for the establishment of the injury indicators and the injury margin calculation.
Zaradi te zamenljivosti pa je cena odločilni dejavnik, kadar se stranka odloča, ali bi kupila protektirane pnevmatike ali nove pnevmatike tretjega razreda.
Union consumption
Komisija je pozvala zainteresirane strani, naj predložijo pripombe o predhodni oceni in zagotovijo informacije, ki podpirajo to analizo ali ji nasprotujejo, da bi oblikovala čim popolnejšo sliko v končni fazi te preiskave.
As mentioned in the recital (50), the Commission carried out verification visits at the premises of two unrelated importers.
Več zainteresiranih strani je izpodbijalo ugotovitve o medsebojni povezavi med novimi in protektiranimi pnevmatikami ter med razredi.
It was found that the imports of the product concerned were also declared during the period considered under the CN codes 40119000 and 40119900.
Komisija je vse informacije v zvezi s tem zbrala v obvestilu v zvezi z dokumentacijo o medsebojni povezavi.
These imports concerned tier 3 tyres.
Kar zadeva uvodno izjavo 634, sta združenje CRIA in zbornica CCCMC trdila, da pnevmatikam prvega in drugega razreda ni bilo mogoče pripisati vrednosti, ki bi izvirala iz obstoja industrije protektiranja.
However, it was not possible to establish whether there was a systemic problem with the declaration of the product concerned, or whether the issue was limited to this particular importer.
Informacije o pomembnosti dejavnosti protektiranja so dobro razširjene in javno dostopne.
In addition, the total volume reported by the cooperating Chinese exporting producers in the investigation period exceeded the total of imports originating from the People's Republic of China provided by Eurostat Comext.
Kot je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 90, proizvajalci novih pnevmatik proizvajajo tudi protektirane pnevmatike.
However, as there is no data reported by these exporting producers concerning the preceding years the Commission decided to follow a conservative approach and not to revise the import volumes from the PRC.
Nekateri kitajski proizvajalci izvozniki imajo lastne blagovne znamke za protektirane pnevmatike, kot sta Hankook Alphatread ali Giti Genesis.
It was subsequently found that the sales of tread suppliers that were not members of ETRMA Europool had been omitted when provisionally establishing the Union consumption.
Kot je pojasnjeno v obvestilu v zvezi z dokumentacijo o medsebojni povezavi, je Komisija ugotovila, da se glavni proizvajalci pnevmatik, vključno s kitajskimi proizvajalci izvozniki, ukvarjajo z dejavnostjo protektiranja.
Therefore, the Commission revised the Union consumption for the period considered.
Pnevmatike Giti Genesis, prej znane pod blagovno znamko GT REE Tread, protektira družba Vacu-Lug iz Združenega kraljestva.
As a result, the revised Union consumption developed as follows:
Poleg tega je družba Pirelli Italy leta 2009 v zvezi s pogodbo, ki jo je podpisala z družbo Marangoni (ponudnikom protektiranja iz Unije), izjavila, da naj bi ta projekt, ki je del strategije za krepitev in povečanje ponudbe storitev družbe Pirelli za tovornjake, dodal vrednost zlasti novim izdelkom serije 88 in serije 1, ki so bili na evropski trg dani leta 2009 ter za katere je med drugim značilno, da so zelo primerni za protektiranje.
Table 1
Tudi drugi proizvajalci svoje pnevmatike oglašujejo kot pnevmatike, ki jih je mogoče protektirati, na primer uvoznik znamke Athos, ki trdi, da je pnevmatikam Athos mogoče ponovno vrezati kanale ter da so primerne za hladno in vroče protektiranje, kar velja tudi za znamko Aeolus (za oboje pnevmatike je bilo sporočeno, da so tretjega razreda).
Union consumption (in items)
Iz tega je razvidno, da je možnost protektiranja pomemben dejavnik vrednosti v Evropski uniji in zadevni državi.
Source: ETRMA and tread suppliers not members of ETRMA Europool.
Dejansko je preiskava Komisije pokazala, da se proizvajalci „višjega razreda“ močno opirajo na obstoj in razpoložljivost industrije protektiranja, in sicer ne le zaradi ustvarjanja tržnega dojemanja, da gre za izdelke visoke vrednosti, temveč tudi zaradi svojih strategij za potrošnike in neprekinjeno poslovanje.
Investigation period
Kot je prav tako razvidno iz obvestila v zvezi z dokumentacijo o medsebojni povezavi, proizvodna industrija v Uniji in zadevni državi možnosti projektiranja ne dojemata le kot trženjsko sredstvo, ampak kot dejanski vir vrednosti za višja razreda.
Total Union consumption
Vrednost in prodajna cena pnevmatik višjih razredov sta zato neločljivo povezani z zdravo industrijo protektiranja „nižje v prodajni verigi“.
Index 2014 = 100
Zato je Komisija v uvodni izjavi 634 navedla, da „velik del vrednosti, pripisane pnevmatikam prvega in drugega razreda, dejansko izvira iz obstoja industrije protektiranja iz tretjega razreda“.
Accordingly, the Union consumption increased over the period considered.
Komisija je na tej podlagi potrdila svoje začetne ugotovitve o medsebojni povezavi med novimi in protektiranimi pnevmatikami ter med razredi.
Over the period considered the consumption increased by 6,1 %, from around 20,5 million tyres in 2014 to around 21,7 million tyres in the investigation period.
Kar zadeva uvodno izjavo 635, sta združenje CRIA in zbornica CCCMC menila, da Komisija ni razkrila vira visoke medsebojne zamenljivosti protektiranih pnevmatik, zaradi katere je cena odločilni dejavnik, kadar se stranka odloča, ali bi kupila protektirane pnevmatike ali nove pnevmatike tretjega razreda.
Background regarding the Union market
Komisija se je z navedeno trditvijo strinjala.
General description
Skladno s tem je v obvestilu v zvezi z dokumentacijo o medsebojni povezavi navedla primere pnevmatik različnih razredov s skupnimi prodajnimi kanali.
The Union market is divided between the original equipment sales to lorry or bus manufacturers and the replacement market.
Obseg in tržni delež uvoza iz zadevne države
Market demand for lorry and bus tyres in the original equipment sector is driven by lorry and bus production while the aftermarket sector is influenced by many factors, including economic activity, sales, size, composition and use of the lorries or buses and fleets in service.
Komisija je obseg uvoza določila na podlagi podatkov Eurostata.
Chinese imports' sales are concentrated mainly in the replacement market.
Uvoz iz zadevne države v Unijo in tržni delež na podlagi popravljenega izračuna potrošnje Unije v skladu z uvodno izjavo 626 se je gibal na naslednji način:
Around 17 % of the total Union consumption is original equipment sold to lorries and buses manufacturers.
Preglednica 2
The remainder of lorries and bus tyres sales in the Union are sold as replacement tyres directly or indirectly to the lorries or bus owners.
Obseg uvoza (v kosih) in tržni delež
The replacement tyres cover a broader range of tyres and are sold through a wider variety of channels with different marketing strategies.
Vir: Eurostatova podatkovna zbirka COMEXT.
Replacement tyres may be sold directly to end-users or through related or unrelated distributors which will then resell to the end-users.
Obseg uvoza iz LRK (v kosih)
Main sales channels are sales to distributors who resell them to fleet owners or direct sales to fleet owners sometimes alongside services (control, maintenance, services).
Tržni delež
Branding also influences the price customers are willing to pay for lorry and bus tyres.
Na podlagi podatkov Eurostata se je obseg uvoza iz LRK v obravnavanem obdobju povečal za 32 %, in sicer s približno 3,5 milijona pnevmatik v letu 2014 na približno 4,6 milijona pnevmatik v obdobju preiskave.
Brands are often linked with perceived quality and service, and more for higher quality tyres.
To je na rastočem trgu povzročilo povečanje tržnega deleža kitajskega uvoza s 16,9 % na 21,1 %.
Interconnection between new and retreaded tyres
Skupina China National Tire Group in družba Pirelli sta trdili, da bi morala Komisija pri analizi upoštevati povečanje potrošnje Unije in zagotoviti ločeno analizo za zadevne tri razrede pnevmatik.
The Commission determined that the main Union producers concentrated in tiers 1 and 2, where tyres were/are designed to have a long life cycle and to be retreadable.
Kot je pojasnjeno v uvodni izjavi 697, je bil gospodarski položaj industrije Unije analiziran na zbirni osnovi, kar je vključevalo analizo uvoza.
That justified significantly higher prices (and profit margins) for expected high performances for tiers 1 and 2 tyres.
Dodatna analiza na ravni razredov je bila izvedena le v primeru nekaterih ključnih mikroekonomskih kazalnikov glede na segmentacijo trga Unije.
In fact, the investigation showed that the larger Union producers actively market retreadability of their tyres as a way to create brand loyalty and distinguish themselves from lower-priced imports of tier 3 tyres.
Obseg uvoza zadevnega izdelka iz LRK se je povečal.
As such, the investigation has shown that a large part of the value attributed to tiers 1 and 2 tyres originate, in fact, from the existence of the retreading industry in tier 3.
Na podlagi statistike o uvozu iz Eurostatove podatkovne zbirke COMEXT (ki je, kot je pojasnjeno v uvodnih izjavah 623 in 624, morda prenizko ocenjena) je bilo tako povečanje obsega uvoza iz LRK znatno v absolutnem in tudi v relativnem smislu.
The high interchangeability of retreaded and new tyres, however, makes tier 3 also the most vulnerable to low-priced Chinese imports of the product concerned.
Cene uvoza iz zadevne države
This is true in particular when considering that the users are aware that, performance-wise, retreaded and low-quality new tyres are not significantly distinguishable.
Komisija je cene uvoza določila na podlagi podatkov Eurostata.
That interchangeability in turn, establishes price as the determining factor in the customer's decision to purchase a retreaded or tier 3 new tyres.
Nelojalno nižanje prodajnih cen uvoza je bilo ugotovljeno na podlagi podatkov vzorčenih kitajskih proizvajalcev izvoznikov.
The Commission invited interested parties to comment on the preliminary assessment and to provide information supporting or contradicting that analysis so as to arrive at as complete a picture as possible at the final stage of this investigation.
Povprečna cena uvoza iz zadevne države v Unijo se je gibala na naslednji način:
A number of interested parties have challenged the interconnection between new and retreaded tyres and among tiers.
Preglednica 3
The Commission compiled all information on this matter in a note for the file on interconnection.
Uvozne cene (v EUR/kos)
Regarding recital (634), the CRIA and the CCCMC claimed that there was no value attribution to tiers 1 and 2 tyres from the existence of the retreading industry.
LRK
Information regarding the importance of the retreading business is well spread out and publicly available.
V obravnavanem obdobju so se cene kitajskega uvoza v Unijo znižale za 11 %.
As mentioned in recital (90), the producers of new tyres are also producing retreaded tyres.
Skupina China National Tire Group in družba Pirelli sta trdili, da analiza Komisije ne vsebuje sklicevanja na segmentacijo trga in poroča le o podatkih iz Eurostata, sklicevanj na podatke o uvozu, zbrane pri vzorčenih proizvajalcih izvoznikih, pa ni.
As explained in the note for the file on interconnection, the Commission found that the main tyre producers, including Chinese exporting producers, were engaged in the retreading business.
Vendar so se pri izračunih nelojalnega nižanja prodajnih cen cene vzorčenih proizvajalcev izvoznikov dejansko primerjale s cenami proizvajalcev Unije, upošteval pa se je tudi razred, v katerega spadajo.
Hankook Group relies on Union retreaders such as Vacu-Lug in the United Kingdom or B.R.P. Pneumatici in Italy for its retreading activity.
Skupina China National Tire Group in družba Pirelli sta trdili tudi, da so na uvozne cene močno vplivala nihanja menjalnega tečaja.
Giti Genesis previously known as GT Ree Tread relies on Vacu-Lug in the United Kingdom.
Komisija ni razumela pomembnosti menjalnega tečaja, saj so vse cene, uporabljene za primerjavo v izračunu stopnje škode, izražene v eurih.
Moreover, Pirelli Italy declared in 2009 concerning a contract signed with Marangoni (a Union provider of retread solutions) that this project, which is part of the strategy of strengthening and enlarging the supply of services by Pirelli Truck, aims to add value in particular to the new products in the 88 Series and the 01 Series, launched on the European market in 2009, characterized, among other qualities, by their high suitability for retreading.
Zato nihanje med ameriškimi dolarji in euri pri določanju nelojalnega nižanja prodajnih cen ali ravni ukrepov ni bilo pomembno.
Other producers are also marketing that their tyres are retreadable, for instance Athos brand importer providing that Athos tyres are regroovable and suitable for cold and hot retreading as well as the Aeolus brand (reported both as tier 3).
Ta trditev je bila zato zavrnjena.
This shows that retreadability is a significant value factor both in the European Union and in the country concerned.
Nekatere zainteresirane strani (družba Pirelli, skupina Giti Group) so trdile, da so se glede na Eurostat kitajske uvozne cene (povezane zlasti s pnevmatikami tretjega razreda) v zadnjih treh letih znižale le zaradi čedalje nižjih cen surovin (za 15,6 EUR/kos).
Indeed, the Commission's investigation has shown that ‘upper tier’ producers rely heavily on the existence and availability of a retreading industry to not only create high value market perception, but also for their consumer and business continuity strategies.
Trdile so, da so se cene surovin (naravnega kavčuka in nafte) bistveno znižale, kar je v obdobju preiskave stalno vplivalo na uvozne cene.
As the note for the file on interconnection in addition shows, retreadability is viewed by the production industry in the Union and the country concerned as more than a mere marketing asset, but a real value driver for the upper tiers.
Razvoj povprečne cene uvoza iz zadevne države v Unijo z razvojem cen glavne surovine se je gibal na naslednji način:
Accordingly, the value and sales price of the upper tiers are indissolubly linked to a healthy retreading industry ‘downstream’.
Preglednica 4
It is for those reasons that the Commission, in recital (634), stated that ‘a large value attributed to tiers 1 and tier 2 tyres originate, in fact, from the existence of a retreading industry in tier 3’.
Razvoj uvoznih cen in cen glavnih surovin
On that basis, the Commission confirmed its initial findings on the interconnection between new and retreaded tyres and among tiers.
Vir: Eurostatova podatkovna zbirka COMEXT in pritožba.
Regarding recital (635), the CRIA and the CCCMC considered that the Commission did not disclose the source of the high interchangeability of retreaded tyres that, in turn, established price as a determining factor in the customer's decision to purchase a retreaded or tier 3 new tyres.
Cena uvoza iz LRK (v EUR/kos)
The Commission accepted that claim.
Naravni kavčuk:
Accordingly, in its note for the file on interconnection, it showed examples of tyres of different tiers having common sales channels.
SGX RSS3 (v USD/tono)
Imports from the country concerned
SGX TSR20 (v USD/tono)
Volume and market share of the imports from the country concerned
Butadien (v centih USD/funt)
The Commission established the volume of imports on the basis of Eurostat.
Kazalnik za nafto brent (v USD/sodček)
Imports into the Union from the country concerned and the market share, on the basis of the revised Union consumption calculation as per recital (626), developed as follows:
V obravnavanem obdobju se pri cenah kitajskega uvoza ni upošteval razvoj cen surovin.
Table 2
Kitajske uvozne cene so med letoma 2014 in 2015 ostale stabilne, cena glavnih surovin pa se je bistveno znižala, in sicer za 20 % za naravni kavčuk ter za približno 45 % za butadien in kazalnike za nafto brent.
Import volume (in items) and market share
Kitajske uvozne cene so se med letoma 2015 in 2016 znižale za 12 %, cene surovin pa so ostale razmeroma nespremenjene.
Source: Eurostat Comext
V letu 2016 in obdobju preiskave, ko se je večina cen surovin od drugega četrtletja leta 2016 do prvega četrtletja leta 2017 znatno zvišala, pa so kitajske uvozne cene ostale stabilne.
Volume of imports from PRC (in items)
Komisija je sklenila, da kitajske uvozne cene niso bile povezane z razvojem cen surovin.
Market share
Nelojalno nižanje prodajnih cen
On the basis of Eurostat, the import volumes from the PRC increased by 32 % during the period considered, from around 3,5 million tyres in 2014 to around 4,6 million tyres in the investigation period.
Komisija je nelojalno nižanje prodajnih cen v obdobju preiskave določila tako, da je primerjala:
This resulted in an increase of the market share of Chinese imports, in a growing market, from 16,9 % to 21,1 %.
tehtane povprečne prodajne cene vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije za posamezno vrsto izdelka in segment, zaračunane nepovezanim strankam na trgu Unije in prilagojene na raven cene franko tovarna, ter
The China National Tire Group and Pirelli claimed that the Commission should have considered for its analysis the increase in the Union consumption and should have provided a separate analysis for the three tiers.
ustrezno tehtano povprečje cen za posamezno uvoženo vrsto izdelka in segment vzorčenih kitajskih proizvajalcev izvoznikov, zaračunanih prvi neodvisni stranki na trgu Unije in določenih na podlagi cene CIF z ustreznimi prilagoditvami za carine in stroške po uvozu.
The parties claimed that, with reference to tier 1 and tier 2, Chinese imports decreased by 2,7 % and 2 % respectively, whereas tier 3 imports increased by 3,9 % from 2015 and 2016.
Primerjava cen je bila izvedena za vsako vrsto izdelka posebej za posle na isti ravni trgovanja in po morebitni ustrezni prilagoditvi ter odbitku rabatov in popustov.
In conclusion, they claimed that any alleged rise in imports (in absolute or relative terms) during the investigation period was not substantial and did not injure the Union industry.
Rezultat primerjave je bil izražen kot odstotek prihodkov od prodaje vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije v obdobju preiskave.
As explained in recital (697), the economic situation of the Union industry was analysed on an aggregated basis, and this included the analysis of imports.
Pokazal je tehtano povprečno stopnjo nelojalnega nižanja prodajnih cen od 18 % do 24 % uvoza zadevnega izdelka iz zadevne države na trg Unije.
It was only in certain key microeconomic indicators that the additional analysis at the level of tiers was performed, given the Union market segmentation.
Poleg tega je bila ugotovljena precejšnja tehtana povprečna stopnja nelojalnega nižanja v vseh treh razredih, in sicer od 18 % do 20 % za prvi razred ter od 22 % do 24 % za drugi in tretji razred.
The import volumes of the product concerned from the PRC increased.
Visoka raven nelojalnega nižanja kaže na znaten učinek subvencioniranega uvoza v tem primeru.
On the basis of the import statistics from Eurostat Comext (which as explained in recitals (623) and (624) could be underestimated), such increase in the volume of imports from the PRC was substantial, both in absolute and relative terms.
Več zainteresiranih strani je trdilo, da bi bilo treba nelojalno nižanje prodajnih cen izračunati po analogiji z metodologijo, uporabljeno za izračun stopnje dampinga, na podlagi primerjave tehtanih povprečnih prodajnih cen za posamezno vrsto izdelka in segment vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije, ki se zaračunavajo nepovezanim strankam, in tehtanega povprečja cen vseh primerljivih izvoznih transakcij.
Prices of the imports from the country concerned
Več strani je po dokončnem razkritju ponovilo podobne trditve.
The Commission established the prices of imports on the basis of Eurostat.
Poleg tega sta združenje CRIA in zbornica CCCMC trdila, da bi morala Komisija kitajske cene prilagoditi navzgor ali cene Unije za protektirane pnevmatike navzdol, da bi zagotovila, da se v primerjanih cenah upošteva podobno število prevoženih kilometrov, ter za poprodajne in garancijske storitve, ki jih zagotavljajo proizvajalci Unije, ki prodajajo protektirane pnevmatike, zlasti za tretji razred, saj kitajski proizvajalci takih storitev ne zagotavljajo.
Price undercutting of the imports was established on the basis of the sampled Chinese exporting producers.
Zadevni strani sta po dokončnem razkritju ponovili podobne trditve.
The average price of imports into the Union from the country concerned developed as follows:
Kot je pojasnjeno v uvodnih izjavah 658 in 659, se je v metodologiji za določitev nelojalnega nižanja prodajnih cen s primerjavo upoštevala povprečna prodajna cena za posamezno vrsto izdelka (kontrolno številko izdelka) in posamezni segment.
Table 3
Nelojalno nižanje prodajnih cen je bilo izračunano na podlagi primerljivih transakcij s sklicevanjem na vrste izdelka ali vsako vrsto izdelka posebej.
Import prices (EUR/item)
Za pnevmatike znotraj posameznega razreda se šteje, da so podobne v smislu števila prevoženih kilometrov, zato splošna prilagoditev ni bila potrebna.
PRC
To velja tudi za garancijske storitve, razen za tretji razred, kjer lahko proizvajalci Unije v nasprotju s kitajskimi proizvajalci dejansko zagotavljajo poprodajne in garancijske storitve.