natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Commission received replies to the MET claim forms only from the two sampled companies.
Komisija je prejela izpolnjene obrazce zahtevka za TGO le od dveh vzorčenih družb.
Banden plant, the Netherlands,
Banden plant, Nizozemska,
four Union producers which requested confidentiality.
Italija,
Exporting producers in the PRC:
štirje proizvajalci Unije, ki so zaprosili za zaupnost;
Aeolus Tyre Co., Ltd; (Jiaozuo); Chonche Auto Double Happiness Tyre Corp., Ltd; (Taiyuan) and Pirelli Tyre Co, Ltd (Jining),
proizvajalci izvozniki v LRK:
Xingyuan Tire Group Ltd, Co. and Guangrao Xinhongyuan Tyre Co., Ltd (Dongying),
Aeolus Tyre Co., Ltd; (Jiaozuo); Chonche Auto Double Happiness Tyre Corp., Ltd; (Taiyuan) in Pirelli Tyre Co, Ltd; (Jining),
Giti Tire (China) Investment Co., (Shanghai); Giti Tire (Anhui) Co., Ltd; (Hefei); Giti Tire (Hualin) Co., Ltd (Hualin); and a related exporter in Singapore,
Xingyuan Tire Group Ltd., Co. in Guangrao Xinhongyuan Tyre Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Hankook Tire Sales Co., Ltd (Shanghai); Chongqing Hankook Tire Co., (Chongqing) Ltd; Jiangsu Hankook Tire Co., Ltd (Jiangsu); and a related exporter in Seoul, Korea.
(Dongying),
Producers in an analogue country:
Giti Tire (China) Investment Co., (Shanghai); Giti Tire (Anhui) Co., Ltd; (Hefei); Giti Tire (Hualin) Co., Ltd (Hualin); in z njim povezani izvoznik v Singapurju,
Giti UK, Cheshire, UK,
(Jiangsu); in z njim povezani izvoznik v Seulu v Južni Koreji;
Hankook UK, Northamptonshire, UK and Hankook Germany, Neu-Isenburg, Germany.
proizvajalci v primerljivi državi:
PRODUCT CONCERNED AND LIKE PRODUCT
anonimni proizvajalec v Braziliji kot primerljivi državi;
Product concerned
povezana uvoznika v Uniji:
The product concerned is certain pneumatic tyres, new or retreaded, of rubber, of a kind used for buses or lorries, with a load index exceeding 121 originating in the PRC, currently falling within CN codes 40112090 and ex40121200 (TARIC code 4012120010).
Giti UK, Cheshire, Združeno kraljestvo,
These CN and TARIC codes are given for information only.
Hankook UK, Northamptonshire, Združeno kraljestvo in Hankook Germany, Neu-Isenburg, Nemčija.
The product concerned covers both new and retreaded pneumatic tyres for buses or lorries which share the same essential physical, chemical and technical characteristics.
ZADEVNI IZDELEK IN PODOBNI IZDELEK
Both types of the product concerned are made of the same input (even if the technology involved may differ) and have a similar structure.
Zadevni izdelek
The variance in raw materials and structure impart different performance characteristics.
Zadevni izdelek so nekatere nove ali protektirane pnevmatike iz gume, ki se uporabljajo za avtobuse ali tovornjake, z indeksom obremenitve nad 121, s poreklom iz Ljudske republike Kitajske, ki se trenutno uvrščajo pod oznaki KN 40112090 in ex40121200 (oznaka TARIC 4012120010).
Manufacturing process
Te oznake KN in TARIC so zgolj informativne.
New tyres
Zadevni izdelek zajema nove in protektirane pnevmatike za avtobuse ali tovornjake, ki imajo enake osnovne fizikalne, kemične in tehnične lastnosti.
Manufacturing process of the new lorry and bus tyres involves: (1) compounding and mixing rubber; (2) tyre components preparation; (3) (green) tyre building; (4) curing (vulcanisation); and (5) final inspection.
Obe vrsti zadevnega izdelka sta izdelani iz istih surovin (čeprav se uporabljena tehnologija lahko razlikuje) in imata podobno strukturo.
All lorry and bus tyres are made from the same basic raw materials, namely natural rubber, synthetic rubber, steel, carbon black, other chemicals and oils as well as fabric and have the same components, namely tread belt, sidewall, inner casing, bead wires, steel belts, casing cords, even if a certain variance is found between the various producers of this product.
Posledica razlike v surovinah in strukturi so različne značilnosti glede zmogljivosti.
The manufacturing process of the new lorry and bus tyres was also found to involve varying technologies, which, however, did not impact on the overall findings of interchangeability.
Proizvodni postopek
Retreaded tyres
Nove pnevmatike
Retreading is essentially a recycling process whereby worn tyres are refurbished through a replacement of the tread on an old casing.
Postopek izdelave novih pnevmatik za tovornjake in avtobuse zajema: (1) sestavljanje, pripravo in mešanje kavčukovih zmesi, (2) pripravo sestavnih delov pnevmatike, (3) (okolju prijazno) izdelovanje pnevmatike, (4) vulkanizacijo in (5) končni pregled.
Casings are main elements of the retreading process, and, as such a substantial part of the retreader activity is the selection and acquisition of casings suitable for retreading.
Vse pnevmatike za tovornjake in avtobuse so izdelane iz istih surovin, in sicer iz naravnega kavčuka, sintetičnega kavčuka, jekla, ogljenih saj, drugih kemikalij in olj ter tekstila, ter imajo enake sestavne dele, in sicer tekalno plast, bočnico, notranjo karkaso, trak za nogo, jeklene žice in kord karkase pnevmatike, čeprav med različnimi proizvajalci tega izdelka obstajajo nekatere razlike.
Casings are thereby the main input of the production process and constitute — depending of their quality — either a real ‘semi-finished’ product or a waste.
Ugotovljeno je bilo tudi, da se pri postopkih izdelave novih pnevmatik za tovornjake in avtobuse uporabljajo različne tehnologije, ki pa niso vplivale na splošno ugotovitev o zamenljivosti.
Again, this process can involve varying technologies without impact on the Commission's interchangeability findings.
Protektirane pnevmatike
Uses and types of tyres
Protektiranje je v bistvu postopek recikliranja, s katerim se izrabljene pnevmatike obnovijo z zamenjavo tekalne plasti na stari karkasi.
Lorry and bus tyres are produced in a large variety of types and sizes found on a wide range of commercial vehicles, from local delivery lorries and buses in urban or regional settings to the long haul lorries and buses according to their size and load index specifications.
Karkase so glavni elementi postopka protektiranja, zato je ključni del dejavnosti izvajalca protektiranja izbira in nabava karkas, primernih za protektiranje.
They are neither suitable for use on passenger vehicles or on other light commercial vehicles nor for fully off-the-road vehicles such as agricultural tractors.
Karkase so zato glavna surovina proizvodnega postopka in predstavljajo, odvisno od kakovosti, bodisi dejanski polizdelek bodisi odpadek.
Tube type tyre is a more traditional option; it has an inner tube, which has its own valve, placed inside the tyre.
Uporabe in vrste pnevmatik
In a tubeless tire, the tire and the rim of the wheel form an airtight seal, with the valve being directly mounted on the rim.
Proizvaja se veliko različnih vrst in velikosti pnevmatik za tovornjake in avtobuse, ki se uporabljajo za najrazličnejša gospodarska vozila, od tovornjakov za lokalno dostavo in avtobusov v mestih ali regionalnih okoljih do tovornjakov in avtobusov za vožnjo na dolge razdalje glede na njihovo velikost in specifikacije indeksa nosilnosti.
An overwhelming majority of tyres for lorries or buses sold in the Union are tubeless tyres.
Niso primerne za uporabo na osebnih vozilih ali drugih lahkih gospodarskih vozilih niti za popolnoma terenska vozila, kot so kmetijski traktorji.
The four categories of tyres for lorries or buses are: steer, drive, trailer and multi-position.
Pri pnevmatiki brez zračnice pnevmatika in platišče kolesa tvorita nepredušno zaporo, ventil pa je pritrjen neposredno na platišče.
Steer tyres are designed to be used on the front axle to aid with steering, but can be used in all positions on the lorries or bus depending on the vehicle's use.
Velika večina pnevmatik za tovornjake ali avtobuse, prodanih v Uniji, so pnevmatike brez zračnice.
Drive tyres are designed for the drive train and provide better traction.
Štiri kategorije pnevmatik za tovornjake ali avtobuse so: za krmiljeno os, za pogonsko os, za os priklopnega vozila ter za vse položaje.
Trailer tyres are designed to be mounted on trailers, while multi-position tyres are designed to be used in all in all positions on a vehicle depending on its use.
Pnevmatike za krmiljeno os so zasnovane za uporabo na sprednji osi za pomoč pri krmiljenju, vendar se lahko uporabljajo na vseh položajih na tovornjakih ali avtobusih, odvisno od uporabe vozila.
Tyres, new or retreaded, are subject to the same safety requirements in the Union market as set out in Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.
Pnevmatike za pogonsko os so zasnovane za pogonski sklop in zagotavljajo boljši vlek.
Segmentation into three tiers of the Union market for tyres
Pnevmatike za os priklopnega vozila so zasnovane za namestitev na priklopa vozila, medtem ko so pnevmatike za vse položaje zasnovane za uporabo v vseh položajih na vozilu, odvisno od njegove uporabe.
Information collected and received by the Commission indicates that the Union market for bus and lorry tyres is segmented in three tiers or segments.
Za pnevmatike, nove ali protektirane, veljajo enake varnostne zahteve na trgu Unije, kot je določeno v Direktivi 2007/46/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta.
While there are no clear dividing lines among tiers, there is a general agreement among interested parties and the findings of the Commission on the following categorisation.
Segmentacija trga Unije za pnevmatike na tri razrede
Tier 1 tyres cover premium new tyres with the flagship brand of main manufacturers.
Informacije, ki jih je zbrala in prejela Komisija, kažejo, da je trg Unije za pnevmatike za avtobuse in tovornjake razdeljen v tri razrede ali segmente.
Brand recognition is a key factor for tyres in this tier and justifies significantly higher prices for expected high performances as well particularly strong marketing investments.
Čeprav ni jasnih ločnic med razredi, obstaja splošno soglasje med zainteresiranimi stranmi in ugotovitvami Komisije o naslednji kategorizaciji.
Original equipment for lorries or buses manufacturers (‘OE1’) tyres are primarily included in that tier.
Prvi razred zajema nove premium pnevmatike vodilnih znamk glavnih proizvajalcev.
The quality of tier 1 tyres ensures a high level of retreadability of the tyres which are designed to be ‘multi-life’ tyres further increasing the significantly higher mileage of the original product (up to three retreading for a normal use).
Prepoznavnost znamke je ključni dejavnik za pnevmatike tega razreda in utemeljuje znatno višje cene za pričakovano visoke zmogljivosti in še posebej velike tržne naložbe.
Tier 1 tyres are also associated with a higher level of safety and are often accompanied with a good level of after-sale services.
Ta razred zajema predvsem pnevmatike za originalno opremo proizvajalcev tovornjakov ali avtobusov (v nadaljnjem besedilu: OE1).
Tier 2 tyres cover most non-premium tyres, both new and retreaded tyres, with prices ranging between approximately 65 % and 80 % of the price of tier 1 tyres.
Kakovost pnevmatik prvega razreda zagotavlja visoko raven možnosti protektiranja pnevmatik, ki so zasnovane tako, da so pnevmatike „z več življenjskimi cikli“, s čimer se dodatno poveča znatno višje število prevoženih kilometrov originalnega izdelka (do trikratno protektiranje za običajno uporabo).
Original equipment for trailers manufacturers (‘OE2’) tyres may be included in that tier.
Pnevmatike prvega razreda so povezane tudi z višjo stopnjo varnosti in jih pogosto spremlja dobra raven poprodajnih storitev.
Brand recognition remains important in this tier and brands are usually well-known from purchasers which are also able to identify the tyre manufacturers.
Drugi razred zajema večino ne-premium pnevmatik, novih in protektiranih, katerih cene se gibljejo med približno 65 % in 80 % cene pnevmatik prvega razreda.
They are generally retreadable at least once and, although more limited than tier 1 tyres, deliver good performances in terms of mileage.
Ta razred lahko zajema pnevmatike za originalno opremo proizvajalcev priklopnih vozil (v nadaljnjem besedilu: OE2).
Tier 3 tyres cover both new and retreaded tyres with lower mileage performances and very limited retreadability, if any.
Prepoznavnost znamke je v tem razredu še vedno pomembna, kupci pa znamke običajno dobro poznajo ter lahko opredelijo tudi proizvajalce pnevmatik.
They are typically priced at less than 65 % of the price and mileage performance of tier 1 tyres.
Na splošno jih je mogoče protektirati vsaj enkrat in imajo dobre zmogljivosti v smislu števila prevoženih kilometrov, čeprav so ti bolj omejeni kot pri pnevmatikah prvega razreda.
In that tier, brand recognition is almost non-existent and price becomes the determining factor in the customer's decision to purchase.
Med pnevmatike tretjega razreda spadajo tako nove kot protektirane pnevmatike z manjšo zmogljivostjo glede števila prevoženih kilometrov in zelo omejeno možnostjo protektiranja ali celo brez te možnosti.
They are usually not provided with after-sale services.
Njihova cena običajno znaša manj kot 65 % cene pnevmatik prvega razreda, kar velja tudi za njihovo zmogljivost glede števila prevoženih kilometrov.
Retreaded tyres can be classified under tier 2 or tier 3.
V tem razredu prepoznavnost znamke skoraj ne obstaja in cena postane odločilni dejavnik pri odločitvi potrošnika za nakup.
While some Chinese tyres are retreadable, there is very little retreading performed in China.
Poprodajne storitve običajno niso zagotovljene.
Retreading is, however, quite widespread in the Union and in other markets, for example in Brazil.
Protektirane pnevmatike se lahko razvrstijo v drugi ali tretji razred.
The retreading activity in the Union consists of:
Čeprav je nekatere kitajske pnevmatike mogoče protektirati, se protektiranje na Kitajskem zelo redko izvaja.
integrated retreaders acting under the name, brand or mandate of a producer of new tyres.
Nasprotno pa je protektiranje precej široko razširjeno v Uniji in na drugih trgih, na primer v Braziliji.
They are seen as the continuation of the brands selling the new tyres.
Dejavnost protektiranja v Uniji zajema:
This corresponds to tier 2 tyres,
integrirane izvajalce protektiranja, ki delujejo pod imenom ali znamko proizvajalca novih pnevmatik ali v okviru njegovega pooblastila.
independent retreaders which usually cover much smaller geographical markets and volumes.
Štejejo se za nadaljnjo stopnjo znamk, pod katerimi se prodajajo nove pnevmatike.
They sell tyres under their own name or brand and rely on their own expertise.
To ustreza pnevmatikam drugega razreda,
Most of them are SMEs (at least 380 companies in the Union).
neodvisne izvajalce protektiranja, ki običajno pokrivajo veliko manjše geografske trge in količine.
This corresponds to tier 3 tyres.
Pnevmatike prodajajo pod lastnim imenom ali lastno znamko in se zanašajo na lastno strokovno znanje.
The Commission issued the mapping of new and retreaded tyres by brand on the basis of information provided by the complainant, which was made available to all the interested parties on 27 October 2017.
Večinoma so to MSP (najmanj 380 družb v Uniji).
Claims regarding the segmentation of the Union market for tyres
To ustreza pnevmatikam tretjega razreda.
As noted in recital (58), interested parties generally accepted the principle of the market segmentation into three tiers.
Komisija je objavila evidenco novih in protektiranih pnevmatik po znamkah na podlagi informacij, ki jih je zagotovil pritožnik, in ta seznam je bil 27. oktobra 2017 dan na voljo vsem zainteresiranim stranem.
The market mapping of tyre brands as laid down in the note to the file of 27 October 2017 by tiers was generally endorsed by the interested parties, except for the following claims from interested parties to reclassify certain brands into different tiers.
Trditve glede segmentacije trga Unije za pnevmatike
More specifically, Aeolus Group considered its Aeolus brand as tier 3 (instead of tier 2); two importers importing the brand Double Coin claimed it should be classified into tier 2 (instead of tier 3); the Hankook Group considered that its brand Aurora belonged to tier 2 (instead of tier 3); the Giti Group considered in its questionnaire reply that its brand Primewell and GT Radial belonged to tier 2 (instead of tier 3) and an independent importer claimed that the brand Sailun should be classified into tier 2 (instead of tier 3).
Kot je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 58, so zainteresirane strani na splošno sprejele načelo segmentacije trga v tri razrede.
The Commission reviewed the claims on the basis of evidence submitted by the interested parties and information collected ex officio during the investigation.
Evidenco trga pnevmatik po znamkah, kot je po razredih določena v obvestilu k dokumentaciji z dne 27. oktobra 2017, so zainteresirane strani načeloma potrdile, razen naslednjih zahtevkov zainteresiranih strani za prerazvrstitev nekaterih znamk v druge razrede.
In line with the characteristics identified in recital (49), it analysed in how far the tyres from the specific brands are (1) retreadable; (2) used for original equipment for buses and lorries; and (3) marketed in a certain tier according to each company's own assessment.
Natančneje, skupina Aeolus Group je menila, da njena znamka spada v tretji razred (namesto v drugi razred); dva uvoznika, ki uvažata znamko Double Coin, sta trdila, da bi jo bilo treba razvrstiti v drugi razred (namesto v tretji razred); skupina Hankook Group je menila, da njena znamka Aurora spada v drugi razred (namesto v tretji razred); skupina Giti Group je v svojem odgovoru na vprašalnik menila, da njeni znamki Primewell in GT Radial spadata v drugi razred (namesto v tretjega) in neodvisni uvoznik je trdil, da bi morala biti znamka Sailun razvrščena v drugi razred (namesto v tretjega).
With respect to the Hankook Group, the Commission accepted to classify the brand Aurora into tier 2 as requested.
Komisija je pregledala zahtevke na podlagi dokazov, ki so jih predložile zainteresirane strani, in informacije, zbrane med preiskavo po uradni dolžnosti.
However, it also found that Hankook brand should be classified into tier 1.
V skladu z značilnostmi, opredeljenimi v uvodni izjavi 49, je analizirala, v kolikšni meri je mogoče pnevmatike določenih znamk (1) protektirati, (2) uporabiti za originalno opremo za avtobuse in tovornjake ter (3) tržiti v določenem razredu glede na lastno oceno posamezne družbe.
For its Hankook brand, there is a legal guarantee that its tyres can be retreaded at least once.
V zvezi s skupino Hankook Group je Komisija sprejela, da znamko Aurora razvrsti v drugi razred, kot je bilo zahtevano.
Moreover, it acts as an OE1 supplier for European companies such as Scania, MAN and Mercedes-Benz.
Vendar pa je ugotovila tudi, da bi bilo treba znamko Hankook razvrstiti v prvi razred.
The website of the Hankook group markets its Hankook brand as ‘premium’, and an internal document from a related importer handed over during verification indicated that the brand has moved into tier 1.
Za znamko Hankook obstaja pravno jamstvo, da se lahko njene pnevmatike vsaj enkrat protektirajo.
With respect to the Giti Group, the Commission accepted to classify the brands Primewell and GT Radial into tier 2 as requested.
Poleg tega je dobavitelj OE1 za evropske družbe, kot so Scania, MAN in Mercedes-Benz.
The Commission also found that Giti tyres are retreadable.
Skupina Hankook Group na spletni strani trži svojo znamko Hankook kot „premium“ in iz internega dokumenta povezanega uvoznika, izročenega med preverjanjem, je videti da je znamka prestopila v prvi razred.
However, the original equipment activities of the Giti Group do not extend to lorries and buses, but relate to passenger car tyres.
V zvezi s skupino Giti Group je Komisija sprejela, da znamki Primewell in GT Radial razvrsti v drugi razred, kot je bilo zahtevano.
In addition, the Giti Group considers its brands as tier 2.
Komisija je tudi ugotovila, da je pnevmatike skupine Giti Group mogoče protektirati.
Therefore, the brands of the group were classified into tier 2.
Vendar pa dejavnosti skupine Giti Group na področju originalne opreme ne obsegajo tovornjakov in avtobusov, temveč se nanašajo na pnevmatike za osebna vozila.
For the Aeolus Group, the Commission provisionally accepted to classify its Aeolus brand into tier 3 as requested by the company, based on the claims that its tyres are generally not retreadable and they are not sold in the OE market.
Poleg tega skupina Giti Group meni, da njene znamke spadajo v drugi razred.
The importers making the claims on the brands Double Coin and Sailun were not sampled companies, so the Commission could not verify their claims at this stage.
Zato so bile znamke te skupine razvrščene v drugi razred.
As they were not sampled, their classification into tier 2 or 3 does not affect the outcome of the investigation.
V zvezi s skupino Aeolus Group je Komisija začasno sprejela, da se znamka Aeolus razvrsti v tretji razred, kot je zahtevala družba, in sicer na podlagi trditev, da njenih pnevmatik na splošno ni mogoče protektirati in se ne prodajajo na trgu originalne opreme.
Therefore, while not calling into question the evidence submitted by the importers on their experience of their customers with the tyres from such brands, the Commission did not take any position on their claims at this stage.
Uvozniki, ki so navedli trditve glede znamk Double Coin in Sailun, niso bili vzorčene družbe, zato Komisija v tej fazi ni mogla preveriti njihovih trditev.
Several interested parties submitted that the tier mapping by brand is applicable only to the Union and in other markets the tier mapping may be very different.
Ker niso bili vzorčeni, njihova razvrstitev v drugi ali tretji razred ne vpliva na izid preiskave.
In particular the Union tier mapping cannot be transposed to the Chinese market.
Zato Komisija, ne da bi dvomila v dokazila, ki so jih predložili uvozniki o izkušnjah njihovih strank s pnevmatikami teh znamk, v tej fazi ni sprejela nobenega stališča glede njihovih trditev.
The Commission underlined that the mapping by brand was used in this investigation for the purpose of analysing the situation in the Union market and had no legal significance for other markets.
Številne zainteresirane strani so izjavile, da se evidenca razredov po znamkah uporablja samo za znamke v Uniji in da je lahko na drugih trgih evidenca razredov zelo drugačna.
Product exclusion requests
Zlasti evidence razredov Unije ni mogoče prenesti na kitajski trg.
CRIA and CCCME as well as Aeolus Group claimed that either new tyres or retreaded tyres should be excluded from the definition of the product concerned, because:
Komisija poudarja, da je bilo v tej preiskavi evidentiranje po znamkah uporabljeno za analizo stanja na trgu Unije in ni bilo pravno pomembno za druge trge.
new tyres and retreaded tyres have different essential physical, technical and chemical characteristics,
Zahtevki za izključitev izdelka
retreaded tyres have a shorter lifespan than new tyres,
CRIA in CCCME ter skupina Aeolus Group so trdili, da bi bilo treba bodisi nove pnevmatike bodisi protektirane pnevmatike izključiti iz opredelitve zadevnega izdelka, ker:
new tyres and retreaded tyres have different uses, sales channels, applications and consumer perception.
imajo nove in protektirane pnevmatike različne osnovne fizikalne, tehnične in kemične lastnosti,
In particular, retreaded tyres are not used in the original equipment market, and they are not generally fitted on the steering axle and onto lorries carrying dangerous goods,
imajo protektirane pnevmatike krajšo življenjsko dobo kot nove pnevmatike,
new and retreaded tyres have different CN codes.
so nove in protektirane pnevmatike namenjene različni rabi, prodajnim kanalom in področjem uporabe ter jih potrošniki različno dojemajo.
Those parties also observed that the Commission and the European Court of Justice (‘ECJ’) in several competition cases concluded that new tyres and retreaded ones constitute two different relevant markets in terms of price, structure of supply, structure of demand, supply channels and substitutability.
Zlasti se protektirane pnevmatike ne uporabljajo na trgu originalne opreme in se običajno ne namestijo na krmiljeno os in na tovornjake, ki prevažajo nevarno blago,