natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Commission also asked the Polish authorities not to take any measure to dismiss or force the retirement of the Supreme Courts judges as these measures will very seriously aggravate the systemic threat to the rule of law.
Komisija poljske organe tudi poziva, naj ne sprejmejo nobenih ukrepov za razrešitev ali prisilno upokojitev vrhovnih sodnikov, saj bi taki ukrepi zelo resno povečali sistemsko nevarnost za pravno državo.
The Commission stated that should the Polish authorities take any measure of this kind, it would stand ready to immediately activate Article 7(1) TEU.
Komisija je navedla, da je pripravljena nemudoma uporabiti člen 7(1) PEU, če bi poljski organi sprejeli kakršen koli tak ukrep.
The Commission invited the Polish Government to solve the problems identified in this Recommendation within one month of receipt of the Recommendation.
Komisija poljsko vlado poziva, naj odpravi težave, opredeljene v tem priporočilu, v enem mesecu po prejemu tega priporočila.
On 31 July 2017, the Sejm was formally notified about the decision of the President of the Republic to veto the law amending the Law on National Council for the Judiciary and the Law on the Supreme Court.
Sejm je bil 31. julija 2017 uradno obveščen o odločitvi predsednika republike, da bo vložil veto na zakon o spremembi zakona o nacionalnem sodnem svetu in zakona o vrhovnem sodišču.
On 4 August and on 16 August 2017 the Polish Government wrote to the Commission with a request for clarifications to its Recommendation of 26 July 2017, to which the Commission responded by letters of 8 August and 21 August 2017 respectively.
Poljska vlada je 4. avgusta in 16. avgusta 2017 Komisiji poslala dopisa z zahtevo po pojasnilih v zvezi s priporočilom Komisije z dne 26. julija 2017, na katera je Komisija odgovorila z dopisoma z dne 8. avgusta oziroma 21. avgusta 2017.
On 28 August 2017, the Polish Government sent a reply to the Recommendation of 26 July 2017.
Poljska vlada je 28. avgusta 2017 odgovorila na priporočilo z dne 26. julija 2017.
The reply disagreed with all the issues raised in the Recommendation and did not announce any new action to address the concerns identified by the Commission.
V odgovoru se vlada ni strinjala z nobeno točko iz priporočila in ni napovedala nobenih novih ukrepov za odpravo pomislekov Komisije.
On 30 August 2017, the opinion of the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) concluded that the suspended law on the Supreme Court does not comply with international standards on judicial independence.
V mnenju Urada OVSE za demokratične institucije in človekove pravice (ODIHR OVSE) z dne 30. avgusta 2017 je bilo ugotovljeno, da zakon o vrhovnem sodišču, katerega izvršitev je bila odložena, ni v skladu z mednarodnimi standardi o neodvisnosti sodstva.
On 11 September 2017, the Polish Government initiated a campaign named ‘Fair Courts’ aimed at gaining social support for the ongoing judicial reform.
Poljska vlada je 11. septembra 2017 začela kampanjo z imenom „Pravična sodišča“ (Fair Courts), ki je bila namenjena pridobivanju socialne podpore za trenutno reformo sodstva.
The National Council for the Judiciary and ordinary courts published several statements rectifying allegations directed against courts, judges and the Council during the campaign.
Nacionalni sodni svet in splošna sodišča so objavili več izjav v odgovor na izjave, ki so bile med kampanjo podane proti sodiščem, sodnikom in svetu.
On 11 September 2017, the Constitutional Tribunal in a panel of five judges declared the unconstitutionality of certain provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure allowing ordinary courts and the Supreme Court to assess the legality of the appointment of the President and the Vice-President of the Tribunal.
Ustavno sodišče v senatu petih sodnikov je 11. septembra 2017 razglasilo neustavnost nekaterih določb zakonika o civilnem postopku, kar splošnim sodiščem in vrhovnemu sodišču omogoča, da ocenijo zakonitost imenovanja predsednika in podpredsednika ustavnega sodišča.
On 13 September 2017, the Minister of Justice started exercising the powers to dismiss court presidents and vice-presidents pursuant to the new law on Ordinary Courts Organisation.
Minister za pravosodje je 13. septembra 2017 začel izvajati pooblastila za razrešitev predsednikov in podpredsednikov sodišč v skladu z novim zakonom o organizaciji splošnih sodišč.
On 15 September and 18 October 2017, the National Council for the Judiciary criticised the Minister of Justice's decisions to dismiss court presidents.
Nacionalni sodni svet je 15. septembra in 18. oktobra 2017 kritiziral odločitev ministra za pravosodje, da razreši predsednike sodišč.
The Council indicated that such an arbitrary power of the Minister of Justice violates the constitutional principle of independence of courts and might adversely affect the impartiality of judges.
Svet je navedel, da taka arbitrarna pooblastila ministra za pravosodje kršijo ustavno načelo neodvisnosti sodišč in bi lahko negativno vplivala na nepristranskost sodnikov.
On 15 September 2017, the Sejm appointed a person to an already occupied position of the Constitutional Tribunal, and the President of the Republic accepted the oath on 18 September 2017.
Sejm je 15. septembra 2017 na že zasedeno mesto na ustavnem sodišču imenoval novega sodnika, 18. septembra 2017 pa je predsednik republike sprejel njegovo zaprisego.
On 15 September 2017 the Sejm adopted the law on the National Freedom Institute – Centre for Civil Society Development which centralises the distribution of funds including for civil society organisations.
Sejm je 15. septembra 2017 sprejel zakon o nacionalnem inštitutu svobode – centru za razvoj civilne družbe, ki centralizira porazdelitev finančnih sredstev, tudi za organizacije civilne družbe.
On 22 September 2017, the United Nations Human Rights Council discussed the reports on Poland submitted within the framework of the third periodic review which contain recommendations on judicial independence and the rule of law.
Svet Združenih narodov za človekove pravice je 22. septembra 2017 razpravljal o poročilih o Poljski, ki so bila predložena v okviru tretjega rednega pregleda ter ki vsebujejo priporočila o neodvisnosti sodstva in pravni državi.
On 25 September 2017, the Commission informed the Council on the situation of the rule of law in Poland.
Komisija je 25. septembra 2017 o stanju pravne države na Poljskem obvestila Svet.
There was broad agreement on the fact that the Rule of Law is a common interest and a common responsibility and on the need for Poland and the Commission to engage in a dialogue in order to find a solution.
Vsi so se na splošno strinjali, da je pravna država v skupnem interesu in skupna odgovornost ter da morata Poljska in Komisija vzpostaviti dialog, da bi našli rešitev.
On 26 September 2017, the President of the Republic transmitted to the Sejm two new draft laws on the Supreme Court and on the National Council for the Judiciary.
Predsednik republike je 26. septembra 2017 sejmu predložil nova osnutka zakonov o vrhovnem sodišču in o nacionalnem sodnem svetu.
On 3 October 2017, the Sejm sent the two presidential draft laws on the Supreme Court and the National Council for Judiciary for consultation to relevant stakeholders, including the Ombudsman, the Supreme Court and the National Council for the Judiciary.
Sejm je 3. oktobra 2017 poslal predsedniška osnutka zakonov o vrhovnem sodišču in o nacionalnem sodnem svetu v posvetovanje zadevnim deležnikom, tudi varuhu človekovih pravic, vrhovnemu sodišču in nacionalnemu sodnemu svetu.
On 6 and 25 October 2017, the Supreme Court published its opinions on the two new draft laws on the Supreme Court and the National Council for the Judiciary.
Vrhovno sodišče je 6. in 25. oktobra 2017 objavilo svoji mnenji o teh dveh novih osnutkih zakonov o vrhovnem sodišču in o nacionalnem sodnem svetu.
The opinions consider that the draft law on the Supreme Court would substantially curb its independence and that the draft law on the Council for the Judiciary cannot be reconciled with the concept of a democratic state governed by the rule of law.
V mnenjih je bilo ugotovljeno, da bi osnutek zakona o vrhovnem sodišču znatno zmanjšal njegovo neodvisnost in da osnutka zakona o nacionalnem sodnem svetu ni mogoče uskladiti s konceptom demokratične pravne države.
On 11 October 2017, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe adopted a resolution on new threats to the rule of law in Council of Europe member States, expressing concerns also about developments in Poland, which put at risk respect for the rule of law, and, in particular, the independence of the judiciary and the principle of the separation of powers.
Parlamentarna skupščina Sveta Evrope je 11. oktobra 2017 sprejela resolucijo o novih grožnjah za pravno državo v državah članicah Sveta Evrope, v kateri je izražena zaskrbljenost tudi zaradi razvoja dogodkov na Poljskem, ki ogroža spoštovanje načela pravne države, in zlasti neodvisnost sodstva ter načelo delitve oblasti.
On 13 October 2017, the European Network of Councils for the Judiciary (ENCJ) issued an opinion on the new draft law on the National Council for the Judiciary, underlining its inconsistency with European standards on Councils for the Judiciary.
Evropska mreža sodnih svetov (ENCJ) je 13. oktobra 2017 izdala mnenje o novem osnutku zakona o nacionalnem sodnem svetu in poudarila njegovo neskladnost z evropskimi standardi o sodnih svetih.
On 23 October 2017, following the third cycle of the Universal Periodic Review of Poland, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights requested that the Polish authorities accept the UN recommendations on upholding judicial independence.
Po tretjem krogu splošnega rednega pregleda Poljske je 23. oktobra 2017 visoki komisar ZN za človekove pravice zahteval, da poljski organi sprejmejo priporočila ZN o spoštovanju neodvisnosti sodstva.
On 24 October 2017, the Constitutional Tribunal in a panel including two unlawfully appointed judges declared the unconstitutionality of provisions of the law on the Supreme Court, on the basis of which, inter alia, the current First President of the Supreme Court had been appointed.
Ustavno sodišče je v senatu sodnikov, v katerem sta bila dva nezakonito imenovana sodnika, 24. oktobra 2017 razglasilo neustavnost določb zakona o vrhovnem sodišču, na podlagi katerega je bil med drugim imenovan sedanji prvi predsednik vrhovnega sodišča.
On 24 October 2017, the Constitutional Tribunal, in a panel comprising two unlawfully appointed judges, declared the constitutionality of provisions of the three laws on the Constitutional Tribunal of December 2016, including the provisions on the basis of which the two unlawfully appointed judges adjudicating in the case had been allowed to adjudicate in the Constitutional Tribunal.
Ustavno sodišče je v senatu sodnikov, v katerem sta bila dva nezakonito imenovana sodnika, 24. oktobra 2017 razglasilo ustavnost določb treh zakonov o ustavnem sodišču iz decembra 2016, vključno z določbami, na podlagi katerih je bilo nezakonito imenovanima sodnikoma, ki sta odločala v tej zadevi, omogočeno odločanje v ustavnem sodišču.
The motion of the Polish Ombudsman on recusal of the two unlawfully appointed judges from this case had been rejected by the Constitutional Tribunal.
Predlog poljskega varuha človekovih pravic o izločitvi teh dveh nezakonito imenovanih sodnikov iz te zadeve je ustavno sodišče zavrnilo.
On 27 October 2017, the United Nations Special Rapporteur for the Independence of Judges and Lawyers, Mr Diego García-Sayán, presented his preliminary observations, according to which the two draft laws on the Supreme Court and the National Council for the Judiciary raise a series of concerns as regards judicial independence.
Posebni poročevalec Združenih narodov o neodvisnosti sodnikov in odvetnikov Diego García-Sayán je 27. oktobra 2017 predstavil predhodne ugotovitve, v katerih je navedeno, da osnutka zakonov o vrhovnem sodišču in o nacionalnem sodnem svetu vzbujata številne pomisleke glede neodvisnosti sodstva.
On 31 October 2017, the National Council of the Judiciary adopted an opinion on the new draft law on the National Council for the Judiciary presented by the President of the Republic.
Nacionalni sodni svet je 31. oktobra 2017 sprejel mnenje o novem osnutku zakona o nacionalnem sodnem svetu, ki ga je predstavil predsednik republike.
The Council observes that the draft law is fundamentally inconsistent with the Polish Constitution by providing the Sejm with the power to appoint judges-members of the Council and by prematurely terminating constitutionally protected terms of office of the current judges-members of the Council.
Svet ugotavlja, da je osnutek zakona v osnovi neskladen s poljsko ustavo, saj sejmu podeljuje pristojnost, da imenuje sodnike člane sveta in predčasno preneha mandat sedanjih sodnikov članov sveta, ki je ustavno zaščiten.
On 10 November 2017, the Consultative Council of European Judges (CCJE) adopted a statement raising concerns on the judicial independence in Poland.
Posvetovalni svet evropskih sodnikov (CCJE) je 10. novembra 2017 sprejel izjavo, v kateri je predstavil pomisleke o neodvisnosti sodstva na Poljskem.
On 11 November 2017, the Ombudsman sent a letter to the President of the Republic comprising an assessment of the two new draft laws on the Supreme Court and on the National Council for the Judiciary and recommending that they should not be adopted as they would not guarantee that the judicial branch will remain independent from the executive branch and that citizens will be able to exercise their constitutional right to have access to an independent court.
Varuh človekovih pravic je predsedniku republike 11. novembra 2017 poslal pismo, ki je vsebovalo oceno dveh novih osnutkov zakonov o vrhovnem sodišču in o nacionalnem sodnem svetu ter priporočilo, naj se ne sprejmeta, saj ne bi zagotavljala neodvisnosti sodne veje od izvršilne veje oblasti in državljanom ne bi omogočila uveljavljanja njihove ustavne pravice do dostopa do neodvisnega sodišča.
On 13 November 2017, the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) adopted an opinion on the new draft law on the Supreme Court asserting that the reviewed provisions are incompatible with international standards on judicial independence.
Urad OVSE za demokratične institucije in človekove pravice (ODIHR OVSE) je 13. novembra 2017 sprejel mnenje o novem osnutku zakona o vrhovnem sodišču, v katerem je navedel, da pregledane določbe niso skladne z mednarodnimi standardi o neodvisnosti sodstva.
On 15 November 2017, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on the situation of the rule of law and democracy in Poland, expressing support for the Rule of Law Recommendations issued by the Commission, as well as for the infringement proceedings, and considering that the current situation in Poland represents a clear risk of a serious breach of the values referred to in Article 2 of the TEU.
Evropski parlament je 15. novembra 2017 sprejel resolucijo o razmerah na področju pravne države in demokracije na Poljskem, v kateri izraža podporo priporočilom Komisije v zvezi z načelom pravne države ter postopkom za ugotavljanje kršitev in meni, da sedanje razmere na Poljskem predstavljajo očitno tveganje za hudo kršitev vrednot iz člena 2 PEU.
On 24 November 2017, the Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (CCBE) called on Polish authorities not to adopt the two draft laws on the Supreme Court and on the National Council for the Judiciary as they could undermine the separation of powers guaranteed by the Polish constitution.
Svet odvetniških združenj Evrope (CCBE) je 24. novembra 2017 pozval poljske organe, naj ne sprejmejo teh dveh osnutkov zakonov o vrhovnem sodišču in o nacionalnem sodnem svetu, saj bi lahko ogrozila delitev oblasti, ki jo zagotavlja poljska ustava.
On 29 November 2017, the Organisation of Judges ‘Iustitia’, the Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights and Amnesty International issued a joint statement criticising the legislative procedure on the two presidential draft laws.
Organizacija sodnikov „Iustitia“, Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights in Amnesty International so 29. novembra 2017 izdali skupno izjavo, ki kritizira zakonodajni postopek v zvezi s tema dvema predsedniškima osnutkoma zakonov.
On 5 December 2017 the European Network of Councils for the Judiciary (ENCJ) adopted an opinion criticising the draft law on the National Council for the Judiciary for not respecting the ENCJ's standards.
Evropska mreža sodnih svetov (ENCJ) je 5. decembra 2017 sprejela mnenje, v katerem kritizira osnutek zakona o nacionalnem sodnem svetu, ker ne spoštuje standardov ENCJ.
On 8 December 2017, the Venice Commission, at the request of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, adopted an opinion on the draft law on the National Council for the judiciary, the draft law on the Supreme Court, and the law on the Ordinary Courts Organisation, as well as opinion on the law on the public prosecutor's office.
Beneška komisija je 8. decembra 2017 na zahtevo parlamentarne skupščine Sveta Evrope sprejela mnenje o osnutku zakona o nacionalnem sodnem svetu, osnutku zakona o vrhovnem sodišču in zakonu o organizaciji splošnih sodišč ter mnenje o zakonu o javnem tožilstvu.
The Venice Commission has come to the conclusion that the law and the draft laws, especially taken together and seen in the context of the 2016 law on the public prosecutor's office, enable the legislative and executive powers to interfere in a severe and extensive manner in the administration of justice, and thereby pose a grave threat to the judicial independence as a key element of the rule of law.
Ugotovila je, da zakon in osnutka zakonov, zlasti gledano skupaj in v smislu zakona iz leta 2016 o javnem tožilstvu, omogočajo zakonodajni in izvršilni veji oblasti, da močno in obsežno posegata v sodstvo, in s tem predstavljajo veliko grožnjo za neodvisnost sodstva kot ključnega elementa pravne države.
It calls on the President of the Republic to withdraw his proposals and start a dialogue before the procedure of legislation continues.
Predsednika republike je pozvala, naj umakne svoje predloge in začne dialog, preden se zakonodajni postopek nadaljuje.
It also urges the Polish Parliament to reconsider the recent amendments to the law on Ordinary Courts Organisation.
Poljsko vlado je spodbudila, naj ponovno preuči zadnje spremembe zakona o organizaciji splošnih sodišč.
On 8 December 2017, the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights issued a statement regretting the adoption by the Sejm of the laws on the Supreme Court and on the National Council for the Judiciary which would further undermine the independence of the judiciary.
Komisar Sveta Evrope za človekove pravice je 8. decembra 2017 podal izjavo, v kateri izraža obžalovanje, da je sejm sprejel zakona o vrhovnem sodišču in o nacionalnem sodnem svetu, ki bosta še bolj ogrozila neodvisnost sodstva.
On 8 December 2017, the two draft laws were adopted by the Sejm.
Sejm je 8. decembra 2017 sprejel oba osnutka zakona.
On 15 December 2017, the two laws were approved by the Senate.
Senat je 15. decembra 2017 odobril oba zakona –
The Republic of Poland should duly take into account the Commission's analysis set out hereafter and take the measures figuring in section 4 of this Recommendation so that the concerns identified are addressed within the time limit set.
Republika Poljska bi morala ustrezno upoštevati analizo Komisije, predstavljeno v nadaljevanju, in sprejeti ukrepe iz oddelka 4 tega priporočila, da bi ugotovljene pomisleke obravnavala v določenem roku.
SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE OF THE RECOMMENDATION
PODROČJE UPORABE IN CILJ PRIPOROČILA
The present Recommendation complements the Recommendations of 27 July 2016, 21 December 2016 and 26 July 2017.
To priporočilo dopolnjuje priporočila z dne 27. julija 2016, 21. decembra 2016 in 26. julija 2017.
The concerns relate to the following issues:
zakon o spremembi zakona o nacionalnem sodnem svetu in nekaterih drugih zakonov (v nadaljnjem besedilu: zakon o nacionalnem sodnem svetu), ki ga je sejm sprejel 8. decembra 2017.
the law on the Supreme Court, adopted by the Sejm on 8 December 2017;
Pomisleki in priporočeni ukrepi iz priporočila z dne 26. julija 2017 glede ustavnega sodišča, zakona o organizaciji splošnih sodišč in zakona o nacionalni šoli za sodnike so še vedno veljavni.
the law amending the law on the National Council for the Judiciary and certain other laws (‘law on the National Council for the Judiciary’), adopted by the Sejm on 8 December 2017.
GROŽNJE ZA NEODVISNOST SODSTVA
The concerns and the recommended actions set out in the Recommendation of 26 July 2017 relating to the Constitutional Tribunal, the law on Ordinary Court Organisation and the law on the National School of Judiciary remain valid.
Zakon o vrhovnem sodišču in zakon o nacionalnem sodnem svetu vsebujeta številne določbe, ki vzbujajo resne pomisleke glede načel neodvisnosti sodstva in delitve oblasti.
THE THREATS TO JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE
Vrhovno sodišče
The law on the Supreme Court and the law on the National Council for the Judiciary contain a number of provisions which raise grave concerns as regards the principles of judicial independence and separation of powers.
Razrešitev in prisilna upokojitev sedanjih sodnikov vrhovnega sodišča
The Supreme Court
Zakon o vrhovnem sodišču znižuje splošno upokojitveno starost sodnikov vrhovnega sodišča s 70 na 65 let.
Dismissal and compulsory retirement of current Supreme Court judges
Ta ukrep se uporablja za vse sedanje sodnike.
The law on the Supreme Court lowers the general retirement age of Supreme Court judges from 70 to 65.
Sodniki, ki so dosegli starost 65 let ali jo bodo dosegli v treh mesecih od začetka veljavnosti zakona, se bodo morali upokojiti.
This measure applies to all judges currently in office.
Z zakonom, ki znižuje upokojitveno starost in se uporablja za sedanje sodnike vrhovnega sodišča, preneha mandat velikega števila sedanjih sodnikov vrhovnega sodišča in se izvaja njihova morebitna upokojitev, in sicer gre po podatkih vrhovnega sodišča za 31 od 83 sodnikov (37 %).
Judges who attained 65 years of age, or will attain that age within 3 months from the entry into force of the law, will be retired.
Uporaba take znižane upokojitvene starosti za sedanje sodnike vrhovnega sodišča ima še zlasti močan negativen vpliv na to sodišče, ki je sestavljeno iz sodnikov, ki so po navadi na koncu svoje poklicne poti.
By lowering the retirement age and applying it to current Supreme Court judges, the law terminates the mandate and potentially retires a significant number of current Supreme Court judges: 31 of the 83 (37 %) according to the Supreme Court.
Tako prisilno upokojevanje znatnega števila sedanjih sodnikov vrhovnega sodišča omogoča daljnosežno in takojšnje preoblikovanje sestave vrhovnega sodišča.
Applying such a lowered retirement age to current judges of the Supreme Court has a particular strong negative impact on this specific Court, which is composed of judges who are by nature at the end of their career.
Ta možnost vzbuja določene pomisleke glede delitve oblasti, zlasti kadar se obravnavajo v povezavi s sočasnimi reformami nacionalnega sodnega sveta.
Such compulsory retirement of a significant number of the current Supreme Court judges allows for a far reaching and immediate recomposition of the Supreme Court.
Namreč, zaradi znižanja upokojitvene starosti bo vse nove sodnike imenoval predsednik republike na priporočilo novo sestavljenega nacionalnega sodnega sveta, v katerem bodo prevladovali politično imenovani člani.
That possibility raises particular concerns in relation to the separation of powers, in particular when considered in combination with the simultaneous reforms of the National Council for the Judiciary.
Prisilna upokojitev sedanjih sodnikov vrhovnega sodišča vzbuja pomisleke tudi glede načela nezamenljivosti sodnikov, ki je ključni element neodvisnosti sodnikov, kakor je določeno v sodni praksi Sodišča in Evropskega sodišča za človekove pravice ter v evropskih standardih.