natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Moreover, that study suggests two methods for evaluating the positive effects of marketing service agreements: a ‘cash flow’ approach and a ‘capitalisation’ approach.
Sedeži
The ‘cash flow’ approach involves evaluating the benefits of marketing services agreements and airport services agreements by assessing the future revenues which may be generated by the airport operator through marketing services and the airport services agreement, minus corresponding costs.
Model za izračun
In the ‘capitalisation’ approach, improvement of the brand image of the airport through marketing services is treated as an intangible asset, acquired for the price laid down in the marketing services agreement.
Empirične vrednosti v skladu s sporazumi
However, the study highlights the major difficulties presented by the ‘capitalisation’ approach and shows that the results produced by this method may be unreliable; it suggests that the ‘cash flow’ approach would be better.
Obračanje
In particular, the study finds:
Zasedenost
‘The capitalisation approach should only take into account the proportion of marketing expenditure that is attributable to the intangible asset base of an airport.
Odhajajoči potnik
However, it may be difficult to identify the proportion of marketing expenditure that is targeted towards generating expected future revenues for the airport (i.e. an investment in the intangible asset base of the airport) as opposed to generating current revenues for the airport.’
5 let
It also stresses that:
na obračanje
‘In order to implement the capitalisation-based approach, it is necessary to estimate the average length of time that an airport would be able to retain a customer due to the AMS marketing campaign.
na odhajajočega potnika
In practice, it would be very difficult to estimate the average period of customer retention following an AMS campaign due to insufficient data.’
na odhajajočega potnika – pristojbina za varnost
The study of 31 January 2014 proposes a practical application of the ‘cash flow’ approach.
na odhajajočega potnika – pristojbina za varnost
Under this approach, the benefits of marketing services agreements and airport services agreements which last even after the marketing services agreement has expired are expressed as a ‘terminal value’ that is calculated on the agreement's expiry date.
(davčna uprava na Dunaju)
This terminal value is calculated based on the incremental profits expected from the airport services agreement and marketing services agreement in the final year of application of the airport services agreement.
Presežek iz neletalskih dejavnosti na potnika
Moreover, this method takes into account a discount rate which reflects capital costs.
prispevek mesta Celovec k stroškom
The study suggests a probability factor of 30 %, which it considers prudent.
prispevek zvezne dežele Koroške k stroškom
However, this very theoretical study does not provide any serious evidence for this factor, either quantitatively or qualitatively.
Prihodki projekta
It does not base itself on any facts relating to Ryanair's activities, air transport markets or airport services to substantiate this rate of 30 %.
Sporazum o storitvah trženja „Leading Verge“
It does not establish any link between this rate and the factors that it mentions in passing (prominence, strong brand, network externalities and repeat passengers) and that are supposed to extend the benefits of the airport services agreement and market service agreement after their expiry dates.
družbe DMG, 23.5.2002
Finally, it does not in any way base itself on the specific content of marketing services provided for in the various contracts with AMS when analysing to what extent those services could influence those factors.
Stroški projekta na podlagi mejnih stroškov
Moreover, it does not prove that there is any likelihood that, on expiry of the airport services agreement and the marketing services agreements, the profits generated by these agreements for the airport operator in the final year of their application will continue in the future.
Tretje osebe za vodenje prometa – 51 %
Likewise, it provides no evidence that the growth rate of the air transport market in Europe is a useful indicator for measuring the impact of an airport services agreement and marketing services agreements for a given airport.
Austro Control – varnost v letalstvu
A ‘terminal value’ calculated using the method suggested by Ryanair would therefore be highly unlikely to be taken into account by a prudent MEO when deciding whether to enter into an agreement.
Stroški projekta (2002)
The study of 31 January 2014 therefore shows that a ‘cash flow’ approach would only lead to very uncertain and unreliable results, as would the ‘capitalisation’ method.
Glede na lete
Moreover, neither Austria nor any interested third party has provided any evidence that the method put forward by Ryanair in the study of 31 January 2014, or any other method aiming to quantify the profits after expiry of airport services agreements and marketing services agreements, has been successfully implemented by regional airport operators comparable to Klagenfurt's operator.
Glede na potnike
Austria has not made any comments on the studies of 17 and 31 January 2014.
Stroški projekta/odhodki
Moreover, a terminal value calculated using the method put forward by Ryanair is only positive (and, therefore, only tends to increase the profitability of the airport services agreement and marketing services agreements) if the incremental profit expected from these agreements in the final year of application of the airport services agreement is positive.
Presežek
If it is negative, taking the terminal value into account will usually reduce the profitability of the agreements.
Diskontni faktor
It will be demonstrated below that the 2002 agreements resulted in negative incremental cash flows.
Analiza stroškov in koristi je pokazala pozitiven diskontirani rezultat evra.
Moreover, as stated above, the marketing services target the route covered by the marketing services agreement.
Pristojbine v skladu s sporazumom z dne 22. januarja 2002
If this route is not renewed on expiry of the airport services agreement, it is unlikely that marketing services will continue to have a positive effect on passenger traffic at the airport after the expiry date.
skupni znesek pristojbin na obračanje
It is very difficult for an airport operator to assess the likelihood of an airline continuing to run a route on expiry of the term to which it has committed itself in the airport services agreement.
na odhajajočega potnika – pristojbina za varnost
Low-cost airlines, in particular, have shown that, when it comes to opening and closing routes, they are very responsive to market conditions which, more often than not, change very quickly.
(določi avstrijska vlada)
Therefore, when entering into a transaction such as the one being examined in this case, a prudent MEO would not rely on an airline company extending the operation of the route in question on expiry of the agreement.
Vodenje prometa 2002
The Commission considers that any other possible benefits are too uncertain to be quantified and taken into account and that no such benefits have been concretely demonstrated in the present case.
Pričakovani dodatni promet, tj. pričakovano dodatno število potnikov, je bil izračunan glede na predvideno število letov na teden (348 obračanj na leto v Londonu s 189 sedeži, največjo vzletno težo 75 ton in 70-odstotnim koeficientom zasedenosti) in prilagojen glede na trajanje sporazuma o letaliških storitvah z družbo Ryanair.
Regarding the comparison of KLU with other airports, Ryanair submitted the Oxera study of 4 July 2011.
Avstrija je v zvezi z dodatnimi prihodki na obračanje navedla znesek […] EUR na leto, v zvezi z dodatnimi prihodki na odhajajočega potnika pa znesek […] EUR na leto.
This study was limited to a comparison between charges paid by Ryanair at […] and […] and airports, and the charges paid by Ryanair under the airport services agreements at KLU.
Pristojbina za varnost v višini […] EUR se ni upoštevala, saj jo je družba KFBG prenesla neposredno na zadevne avstrijske javne organe, tj. znesek v tranzitu.
That study did not factor in the specific marketing services agreements at KLU in comparison to those possibly offered in other airports.
Na podlagi tega izračuna je Avstrija navedla znesek […] EUR na leto.
However, for each route covered by the agreements at issue the relevant marketing services agreement had to be assessed jointly with the corresponding airport services agreement.
Pričakovani dodatni prihodki, ki niso povezani z letalstvom (parkirnina, poraba na terminalih itd.), so se izračunali za čas trajanja sporazuma o letaliških storitvah.
As such, the elements invoked in the Oxery study of 4 July 2011 did not fulfil the most basic requirement for benchmarking, namely a ‘sufficiently precise definition of the economic activities concerned’ so that comparable market operators could be identified.
Poleg tega je Avstrija v svojo analizo kot dodatne prihodke vključila plačila, ki jih je družba KFBG prejela od zvezne dežele Koroške ([…] EUR kot enkratno plačilo leta 2002, […] EUR na leto), mesta Celovec ([…] EUR na leto) in družbe Kärnten Werbung ([…] EUR na leto).
In addition, the Oxera study of 4 July 2011 did not establish a dependable point of reference for market prices of airport services.
Kot pričakovane dodatne stroške, tj. kot stroške, ki izhajajo iz transakcije z družbami Ryanair, LV in AMS ter ki se v hipotetičnem scenariju ne bi uresničili, je Avstrija navedla naslednja plačila:
Although the study describes the chosen comparator airports as ‘majority privately owned and funded, or otherwise operating as market economy investors’, […] airport is owned by Manchester Airports Group, which itself has majority State ownership, while the Oxera study of 4 July 2011 does not claim that […] airport is operated on a market economy basis.
plačila, določena v prvem sporazumu o storitvah trženja med družbama LV in DMG ([…] EUR na leto), in plačilo, določeno v tretjem sporazumu o storitvah trženja (spremno pismo k prvemu sporazumu o storitvah trženja) med družbama LV in DMG (enkratno plačilo v znesku […] EUR),
As for […] Airport, the study states that the airport has consistently been privately owned, but omits to mention that […] airport was loss-making before it was sold in 2013, a factor which would call into question whether the low airport charges invoked as a point of reference in this case were sustainable for a MEO.
plačila tretji strani (Tyrolean Airways) kot podizvajalcu za opravljanje storitev zemeljske oskrbe.
Conclusion on the terms for applying the market economy operator test
Avstrija je pojasnila, da družba Tyrolean Airways na letališču KLU že desetletja deluje kot podizvajalec storitev zemeljske oskrbe.
It is clear from all the above that, in order to apply the MEO test to the agreements in question, the Commission must analyse each marketing services agreement together with the corresponding airport services agreement, and must assess whether a hypothetical MEO, motivated by the prospect of profits and operating KLU in place of KFBG, would have entered into these transactions.
Cena storitev zemeljske oskrbe je vsako leto objavljena na seznamu tarif letališča KLU.
To this end, the Commission must determine the incremental profitability of the agreements as it would have been assessed by the MEO at the time of their conclusion, by estimating, for the entire period of application of the agreements:
V skladu s pogodbo o zunanjem izvajanju med družbama KFBG in Tyrolean Airways bo družba KFBG podizvajalcu plačala določen odstotek objavljene cene za storitve zemeljske oskrbe glede na vrsto letalskega prevoznika.
the future incremental traffic expected from the implementation of these agreements, possibly taking into account the effects of the marketing services on the load factors of the routes covered by the agreements,
Nizkocenovni letalski prevozniki se lahko odločijo za „osnovne storitve zemeljske oskrbe“, ki vključujejo manj storitev, vsi drugi letalski prevozniki pa morajo izbrati celovite storitve zemeljske oskrbe, ki vključujejo vse storitve zemeljske oskrbe.
the future incremental revenues expected from the implementation of these agreements, including revenue from airport charges and ground handling services, generated by the routes covered by these agreements, as well as non-aeronautical revenue from the additional traffic generated by the implementation of these agreements,
Glede na pogodbo s podizvajalcem družba KFBG za nizkocenovne letalske prevoznike plačuje 51 % storitev zemeljske oskrbe, za druge letalske prevoznike pa 67,9 % teh storitev.
the future incremental costs expected from the implementation of these agreements, including operating costs and any incremental investment costs generated by the routes covered by these agreements, as well as marketing service costs.
51 % storitev zemeljske oskrbe zajema stroške materiala, ki ga letalski prevoznik Tyrolean Airlines uporablja za storitve zemeljske oskrbe.
These calculations will provide the future annual flows corresponding to the difference between incremental revenues and costs, which are to be discounted, if necessary, by a rate reflecting the cost of capital for the airport operator.
Avstrija je navedla plačila v znesku […] EUR na leto,
A positive net present value indicates in principle that the agreements in question do not confer an economic advantage, whereas a negative net present value reveals the presence of such an advantage.
plačila javnemu podjetju Austro Control, ki je odgovorno za varnost avstrijskega zračnega prostora.
When deciding on whether to enter into an airport services agreement and/or a marketing services agreement, a MEO will choose a time frame for its assessment based on the term of the agreements in question or the term set in each individual agreement.
Austro Control je kontrolor zračnega prometa na letališču KLU in upravlja stolp za kontrolo zračnega prometa.
In other words, it will assess the incremental costs and revenues for the term of application of the agreements.
Avstrija je za storitve podjetja Austro Control navedla plačila v znesku […] EUR na obračanje, tj. […] EUR na leto,
There does not seem to be any justification for choosing a longer period.
dodatne operativne stroške v zvezi s pričakovanim dodatnim prometom v času trajanja sporazuma: […] EUR na dodatno obračanje in na tono MTOW ter […] EUR na dodatnega odhajajočega potnika.
On the date of signature of the agreements, a prudent MEO will not count on the agreements being renewed once they have expired, whether under the same or new terms.
Avstrija je navedla, da sta ti dve vrednosti najboljši oceni teh vrednosti, ki sta se lahko določili za predhodno oceno udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu ob podpisu sporazumov.
Moreover, a generally prudent operator would be aware that low-cost airlines such as Ryanair have always been and are known for being very responsive to market developments, both when starting up or shutting down routes and when increasing or decreasing the number of flights.
Ti vrednosti izhajata iz sistema stroškovnega računovodstva, ki se je izvajal leta 2002 (BAB 2002) ter je vključeval stroškovne dejavnike, kot so pristojbina za pristajanje, pristojbina za potnike, pristojbina za oskrbo na ploščadi, pristojbina za vodenje prometa, pristojbina za infrastrukturo in pristojbina za storitve v hangarju.
As a time frame for an assessment of the agreements in question a MEO would have chosen as a starting point the date of the simultaneous signature of all four agreements, i.e. the 22 January 2002.
Avstrija je poleg teh ocenjenih pristojbin in tarif zvišala znesek z varnostno mejo za zagotovitev, da ocena pričakovanih dodatnih operativnih stroškov ne bi bila preveč optimistična.
As an end date a MEO would have taken the end date as stipulated in each agreement.
Ta rezultat je bil deljen z ustreznim referenčnim parametrom, tj. pričakovanim številom potnikov in MTOW.
This was after a period of 5 years, i.e. 26 June 2007 in case of the airport services agreement between Ryanair and KFBG and of the first marketing agreement between DMG and LV.
Na podlagi tega je Avstrija ocenila […] EUR dodatnih operativnih stroškov na obračanje in […] EUR dodatnih operativnih stroškov na potnika.
In case of the second marketing agreement between DMG and AMS the agreement entered into force for a 5-year initial term, i.e. until 21 January 2007.
Avstrija je navedla, da družba KFBG februarja 2002 ni pričakovala nobenih dodatnih naložbenih stroškov zaradi dodatnega prometa.
The third marketing agreement between DMG and LV indicated no precise duration, but had as main purpose the one-off payment of EUR […] by DMG to LV on 1 May 2002.
Letališče KLU je imelo takrat precej neizkoriščene zmogljivosti, ki naj bi se namenila dodatnemu prometu.
Therefore 1 May 2002 would mark the end of the application of the agreement.
Skupna zmogljivost terminala letališča KLU je znašala 600000 potnikov na leto, leta 2001 pa je letališče KLU uporabilo približno 227000 potnikov.
The possibility to extend the agreements as foreseen in two of the agreements would not be taken into consideration by a prudent MEO.
V zvezi s pričakovanim dodatnim prometom v obsegu 46040 potnikov torej ne bi bile potrebne nobene naložbe, saj bi obstoječi terminal lahko sprejel dodatni promet.
The extension of the agreements was automatic under the condition that Ryanair fully complied with its obligations as set out in the agreement.
Diskontna stopnja, ki jo je uporabljala družba KFBG, je temeljila na 8-odstotni diskontni stopnji, ki jo je uporabljalo in objavilo letališče na Dunaju.
The extension was thus dependant on Ryanair's future behaviour and for that reason, on the date of signature a prudent MEO in the same situation as KFBG would not have been in a position to expect that this automatic extension would necessarily take place.
Komisija ugotavlja, da je Avstrija pri ocenjevanju števila potnikov, pri čemer je na navedeni podlagi izračunala pričakovane dodatne prihodke iz letalske dejavnosti, uporabila smiseln pristop.
This view seems to be confirmed by the fact that all four agreements between KFBG, DMG, Ryanair, LV and AMS ended ahead of time on 29 October 2005, when Ryanair stopped to operate the passenger air services between KLU and STN due to economic reasons.
Enako velja za dodatne stroške storitev zemeljske oskrbe, ki jih opravlja tretja oseba, in stroške plačil za podjetje Austro Control.
Even when taking into account a prolongation of the agreements for 5 further years, this would not lead to another result of an ex ante assessment.
Smiseln pristop je uporabila tudi pri ocenjevanju dodatnih operativnih stroškov na obračanje in na potnika ter 8-odstotne diskontne stopnje.
When assessing such prolongation under the same terms as for the first 5 years, it would lead to the same results, i.e. negative incremental cash flows.
Glede na razpoložljive podatke o pričakovanem dodatnem prometu se zdi razumna tudi izjava Avstrije v zvezi z dodatnimi naložbenimi stroški.
For the purpose of assessing the agreements in question and given the above findings, it should be noted that both the existence and the amount of aid in these agreements have to be assessed in the light of the situation prevailing at the time they were signed and, more specifically, in the light of the information available and developments foreseeable at that time.
Vendar se Komisija ob proučitvi informacij, ki jih je predložila Avstrija, ne strinja z nekaterimi točkami analize in bo zato v analizi spremenila naslednje:
Austria asserts that KFBG/DMG did not prepare any ex ante market study, business plan or profitability calculation before concluding individual airport services agreements with various airlines, nor did it prepare any ex ante market study, business plan or profitability calculation before concluding individual marketing services agreements.
Nov rezultat je torej […] EUR na leto.
According to Ryanair, the lack of a business plan when agreements such as those covered by the formal investigation procedure are signed cannot be used as evidence that the MEO test is not satisfied.
Komisija se ne strinja s tem, da je Avstrija v svojo analizo kot dodatne prihodke vključila plačila, ki jih je družba KFBG prejela od zvezne dežele Koroške ([…] EUR kot enkratno plačilo leta 2002, […] EUR na leto), mesta Celovec ([…] EUR na leto) in družbe Kärnten Werbung ([…] EUR na leto).
The lack of a business plan indicates that the agreements signed with Ryanair, LV and AMS do not satisfy the MEO test, particularly as neither Austria nor KFBG have been able to provide, in respect of these agreements, any profitability calculation, even incomplete, that was carried out before the agreements were signed.
Ti zneski so bili dodeljeni kot operativna podpora za financiranje sporazumov iz leta 2002 z družbo Ryanair in njenimi podrejenimi družbami (glej oddelek 7.1 zgoraj).
The Commission therefore invited Austria during the procedure to reconstruct the profitability analysis that an MEO would have carried out before signing the agreements with Ryanair, LV and AMS in 2002, based on the objective information known to KFBG/DMG when these agreements were signed and on the foreseeable developments.
V skladu s točko 63 smernic za letalski sektor „bi moralo letališče dokazati, da […] je zmožno kriti vse stroške, ki izhajajo iz dogovora“.
Upon the Commission's request, Austria prepared an overview of the incremental costs and revenues that could have been expected at the time the relevant agreements were concluded.
Če je potrebna dodatna podpora, preskus udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu ni izpolnjen.
Austria prepared that data for each of the agreements concluded, as summarised in Table 9.
To pomeni, da ni mogoče vsake javne podpore šteti za dodatne prihodke, pri čemer v nasprotnem primeru določba ne bi imela smisla.
Table 9
Komisija zato plačil zvezne dežele Koroške, mesta Celovec in družbe Kärnten Werbung ne bo upoštevala kot dodatne prihodke.
Incremental profitability of contracts with Ryanair, LV and AMS of 2002 prepared by Austria
Komisija ugotavlja, da je Avstrija v svojo analizo kot pričakovane dodatne stroške vključila le plačila, določena v prvem sporazumu o storitvah trženja med družbama LV in DMG ([…] EUR na leto), in plačilo, določeno v tretjem sporazumu o storitvah trženja (spremno pismo k prvemu sporazumu o storitvah trženja) med družbama LV in DMG (enkratno plačilo v znesku […] EUR).
Capital interest rate:
Avstrija teh plačil ni vključila, pri čemer trdi, da se je ta sporazum nadomestil s tretjim sporazumom in da ni začel veljati.
Passenger incentive:
Komisija ugotavlja, da Avstrija te trditve ni podprla z nobenimi dokumenti, ampak je le navedla, da v računovodskih izkazih družbe KFBG ni nobenih dokumentov v zvezi s plačili, ki bi dokazovali, da družba KFBG v okviru drugega sporazuma o storitvah trženja ni izvedla nobenih plačil.
Daily connections
Tudi ob predpostavljanju, da so navedbe Avstrije pravilne, bo Komisija kljub temu v analizi upoštevala drugi sporazum o storitvah trženja, saj ni razloga, da bi razumni udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu ob podpisu sporazuma februarja 2002 lahko pričakoval ali predvidel, da ta sporazum in plačila pozneje ne bodo izvedeni.
Rotations per year
Udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu je moral sporazume oceniti glede na prevladujoče razmere ob podpisu sporazumov ter zlasti ob upoštevanju razpoložljivih informacij in razvoja, ki ga je bilo mogoče takrat predvideti.
LFZ (B737-800):
Zato je treba drugi sporazum o storitvah trženja upoštevati v predhodni analizi.
Seats
Komisija je ob upoštevanju teh nujnih sprememb izvedla svojo analizo, pri čemer je neposredno uporabila analizo dodatne donosnosti, kot jo je predložila Avstrija, in jo spremenila le, kjer je bilo potrebno, kot je povzeto v preglednici 10.
MTOW (B737-800):
Preglednica 10
MTOW
Dodatna donosnost sporazumov z družbami Ryanair, LV in AMS iz leta 2002 v skladu s popravki Komisije
Calculation model
Obdobje veljavnosti pogodbe: 5 let
Empirical values according to Agreements
Spodbuda za potnike:
Rotation
Vmesni leti za zvezo na dan:
Load
MTOW (B737-800):
Passenger departing
5 let
5-year period
julij 2002–junij 2003
per rotation
julij 2003–junij 2004
per departing passenger
julij 2004–junij 2005