natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
As far as profitability is concerned, it remained at a relatively stable – but low – level since the increase of price could compensate for the loss of volume.
Medtem ko se je uvoz iz Kambodže in Mjanmara v absolutnem smislu znatno povečal, je industrija Unije izgubila približno 6 % tržnega deleža v dobro Mjanmara in 10 % v dobro Kambodže.
A profitability level of 1 %-2 % is moreover far below the 6 % that is considered the adequate level of profitability needed to cover full costs and investments, research and development (R & D) and innovation.
Industrija Unije je bila izpostavljena tudi znatnemu nelojalnemu nižanju prodajnih cen v višini 22 % oziroma 43 %.
Following disclosure, one party requested further information on the 6 % used in the above paragraph.
Proizvodnja v Uniji se je dodatno zmanjšala za 38 %.
This benchmark used in trade defence investigations is also relevant in a safeguard investigation.
Rižarne Unije so se odločile, da kljub konkurenci nizkocenovnega uvoza ne bodo znižali svoje ravni cen, in so ohranili določeno raven dobička.
That explains why the Commission has also used in this case this benchmark.
Kjer je bilo mogoče, so se rižarne Unije dejansko odločile spremeniti svoj nabor izdelkov ter se osredotočiti na nišne segmente in izdelke z blagovno znamko, da bi ohranile enako raven dobička kljub zmanjšanju obsega prodaje in proizvodnje.
The production capacity of the Union industry for the like products, i.e. Indica rice, is difficult to assess since the processing industry can use its capacity to mill both Indica and Japonica rice whether imported or grown in the Union.
Vendar je to le začasna rešitev, saj je uvoz iz Kambodže in Mjanmara, čeprav v omejenem obsegu, že prešel s prodaje v razsutem stanju na prodajo v majhnih pakiranjih, ki konkurirajo industriji Unije tudi na maloprodajni ravni.
In addition, there is no macro data available (see above).
Pričakuje se, da bosta obe državi povečali svoj nizkocenovni uvoz prek tega donosnejšega prodajnega kanala ter konkurirali tudi na nišnih trgih in pri izdelkih z blagovno znamko, kar bo imelo negativne posledice tudi za finančni položaj industrije Unije.
Based on the sample, the capacity utilisation, as showed below, decreased from 22 % to 14 %.
VZROČNA POVEZAVA
While these percentages may seem relatively low because they are based on a comparison of the output of the like product (Indica rice) as compared a production capacity installed for all types of rice.
Komisija je ugotovila, da obstaja vzročna povezava med obsegom uvoza zadevnega izdelka na eni strani in resnimi težavami, s katerimi se soočajo rižarne Unije na drugi strani, in sicer na naslednji podlagi.
Sources: Questionnaire replies
Komisija je prav tako preučila, ali ni mogoče resnih težav pripisati drugim dejavnikom kot uvozu in cenam.
Capacity.
Učinki uvoza iz Kambodže in Mjanmara
Utilisation (%) 22,1 21,1
V spodnjem grafu je jasno prikazano časovno sovpadanje uvoza iz Kambodže in Mjanmara ter položaja industrije Unije, ki je razvidno iz znatne izgube tržnih deležev, ki povzroča resne težave rižarnam Unije.
Conclusion
Kambodža / Mjanmar/Burma
In conclusion, the situation of the Union industry deteriorated in economic terms.
Tržni deleži
While the imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma increased substantially in absolute terms, the Union industry lost around 6 % of market share to Myanmar/Burma and 10 % to Cambodia.
Vir:
The Union industry was also subject to an important price undercutting of 22 % and 43 %.
Eurostat in podatki, ki jih je zbrala Komisija na podlagi podatkov, prejetih od držav članic.
The production in the Union further decreased by 38 %.
Komisija meni, da je uvoz iz Kambodže in Mjanmara tudi posamično povzročil resne težave.
The economic difficulties therefore mainly materialised in terms of volume during the investigation period.
Dejansko se je uvoz iz Kambodže in Mjanmara povečal posamično tako v absolutnem smislu (za 53 % oziroma več kot 2000 %) kot glede na tržni delež (za 9,7 odstotne točke oziroma 6,1 odstotne točke).
Union millers decided not to decrease their price level despite the competition of low prices imports and maintained a certain level of profit.
Poleg tega je uvoz posamično iz Kambodže oziroma Mjanmara nelojalno nižal cene Unije (za približno 22 % oziroma 43 %).
Where possible, Union millers indeed decided to change their product mix and focus on niche segments and branded products in order to maintain their level of profit despite a decrease of their sales and production volume.
Zato je mogoče sklepati, da je tako uvoz iz Kambodže kot iz Mjanmara povzročil tudi resne težave industriji Unije.
This is however only a temporary solution as imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma have already moved, albeit to a limited extent, from bulk sales to small packaged sales, also competing with the Union industry at retail level.
Hitro povečanje uvoza iz Kambodže in Mjanmara je posledica nizke ravni cen teh držav, ki znatno nelojalno nižajo prodajne cene industrije Unije.
It is expected that both countries will increase their low price imports on this more remunerative sales channel, and also compete on niche markets and branded products, with negative consequences also for the financial situation of the Union industry.
Indijski riž je cenovno občutljiv izdelek, zlasti ker potrošniki na splošno ne razlikujejo med izdelki iz Unije in uvoženimi izdelki.
CAUSATION
Potrošnikom, ki kupujejo riž pri trgovcih na drobno, poreklo riža večinoma ni znano.
The Commission has made a determination that there is a causal link between the volume of imports of the product concerned on the one hand and the serious difficulties of the Union millers on the other hand, on the following basis.
To velja zlasti, kadar se riž prodaja pod zasebno znamko, tj. blagovno znamko prodajalca.
The Commission has also analysed whether the serious difficulties are not attributable to factors other than imports and prices.
Z dobavo riža po zelo nizki ceni, kot kažejo ravni nelojalnega nižanja prodajnih cen iz uvodne izjave 33, je Kambodži in Mjanmaru uspelo znatno in hitro razširiti svoj izvoz riža na trg Unije.
Effects of imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma
Poleg tega Kambodža, ki je prej izvažala večinoma riž v razsutem stanju za nadaljnjo predelavo v Uniji, vse pogosteje prodaja pakiran riž neposredno trgovcem na drobno Unije, kar povzroča dodaten cenovni pritisk in konkurenco na ravni rižarn v Uniji.
The graph below clearly establishes a coincidence in time between the imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma and the situation of the Union industry, evidenced by a substantial loss of market shares, causing serious difficulties to the Union millers.
Drugi dejavniki
Cambodia/Myanmar/Burma
Ocenjeni so bili tudi drugi dejavniki, ki so morda prispevali k resnim težavam industrije Unije.
Market shares
Uvoz iz drugih tretjih držav
Source:
Uvoz iz drugih tretjih držav se je v smislu tržnega deleža v obdobju preiskave prav tako povečal s 23 % na 29,3 % (+6,3 odstotne točke).
Eurostat and data compiled by the Commission based on data received from the Member States
Tržni delež (v %)
The Commission considers that the imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma have also individually caused serious difficulties.
2016/2017
Indeed, imports from both Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma have increased individually both in absolute volume (by 53 % and more than 2000 % respectively) and in terms of market shares (by 9,7 percentage points and 6,1 percentage points respectively).
Unija
In addition, imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma have each undercut the Union price individually (by around 22 % and 43 % respectively).
Kambodža
Therefore, the conclusion can be drawn that imports from both Cambodia as well as Myanmar/Burma have caused serious difficulties to the Union industry as well.
Tajska
The rapid expansion of imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma is explained by their low price level, which significantly undercut the prices of the Union industry.
Kambodža in Mjanmar
Indica rice is a price sensitive product, especially because consumers do generally not make the difference between Union and imported products.
Tudi če bi lahko uvoz iz drugih tretjih držav delno pojasnil zmanjšanje tržnega deleža Unije, je povečanje tržnega deleža teh držav, tudi kumulativno, veliko bolj omejeno kot povečanje Kambodže in Mjanmara (+ 15 %).
To consumers buying rice at the retailers, the origin of the rice is largely unknown.
Poleg tega in kar je najpomembneje, kot je prikazano v spodnji tabeli, so tehtane povprečne cene drugega uvoza v obdobju preiskave precej višje od uvoza iz Kambodže in Mjanmara ter uvoza iz Unije.
This is in particular the case when rice is sold under a private label, i.e. the brand of the retailer.
Primerjava cen uvoza iz Tajske z Mjanmarom kaže razliko v ceni v višini 85 %.
By supplying rice at a very low price, as illustrated by the levels of undercutting as referred to in recital (33), Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma managed to significantly and rapidly expand their rice exports to Union market.
Pri primerjavi cen uvoza iz Indije s Kambodžo znaša razlika v ceni 72 %.
Moreover, Cambodia — which used to export mostly rice in bulk for further processing in the Union — increasingly sells packaged rice directly to Union retailers, which is causing additional price pressure and competition at the level of the millers in the Union.
To tudi krepi zgoraj navedeno ugotovitev, da so nižje cene Mjanmaru in Kambodži omogočile, da sta v obdobju preiskave hitro razširila svoj izvoz v Unijo.
Other factors
Vir: Eurostat in izpolnjeni vprašalniki.
Other factors that may have contributed to the serious difficulties suffered by the Union industry have also been assessed.
Unija
Imports from other third countries
Indija
The imports from other third countries have also increased during the investigation period from 23 % to 29,3 % (+ 6,3 %) in terms of market share.
Strukturne težave v italijanskem sektorju riža
Market share (%)
V svojem stališču ob začetku postopka je kamboška zveza za riž trdila, da je italijanski sektor riža na splošno v večjih težavah kot preostali del Unije, zato težav ni mogoče pripisati le povečanju uvoza.
2016/2017 Union 61,4 54,8 46,7 40,5 39,3
Odgovori na vprašalnik in preverjanje so resnično pokazali, da je položaj industrije Unije v Italiji slabši kot v Španiji.
Cambodia 15,4 20,0 23,1
To je delno posledica dejstva, da je španski trg riža organiziran drugače in je zato bolj odporen v smislu ponudbe in povpraševanja ter tudi v smislu oblikovanja cen.
Cambodia & Myanmar/Burma
Kljub temu je Komisija izvedla preiskavo na ravni Unije glede na položaj celotne industrije Unije in na podlagi reprezentativnega vzorca.
Thailand
Preiskava je (kot je pojasnjeno zgoraj) pokazala, da obstajajo splošne težave za industrijo Unije.
Even if imports from other third countries may partially explain the decrease in Union market shares, the increase in market share of these countries, even cumulatively, is much more limited than that of Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma (+ 15 %).
Zainteresirane strani so trdile tudi, da je k resnim težavam prispeval večji uvoz riža iz Gvajane.
Furthermore, and most importantly, as shown in the table below, the weighted average prices of other imports are during the investigation period much higher than imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma, and those of the Union.
Riž, uvožen iz Gvajane, se ne brusi (sestoji iz tako imenovanega neoluščenega riža) in zato ne spada v obseg preiskave in ni vključen v zgoraj navedeno uvozno statistiko ter za to zadevo ni pomemben.
Comparing the price of imports from Thailand with Myanmar/Burma shows that there is a price difference of 85 %.
Uvoz industrije Unije
When comparing prices of imports from India with Cambodia, the price difference is 72 %.
Kamboška vlada je navedla, da je eden od vidikov, ki niso bili upoštevani v okviru vzročne zveze, izvozna usmeritev industrije Unije.
This also reinforces the above conclusion that lower prices allowed Myanmar/Burma and Cambodia to rapidly expand their Union exports during the investigation period.
Vendar ta trditev ni bila utemeljena in čeprav se je izvoz v obdobju preiskave dejansko povečal s 3 % celotne proizvodnje na 7 % celotne proizvodnje, kljub temu predstavlja zelo majhen delež proizvodnje Unije.
Source: Eurostat and questionnaire replies
Poleg tega je povečanje izvoza (+ 11000 ton) precej manjše od povečanja uvoza iz Kambodže in Mjanmara (+ 147000 ton).
Union
Zmanjšanje proizvodnje indijskega riža kot posledica povečanja proizvodnje japonskega riža
India
Vlada Kambodže je prav tako trdila, da na pridelavo indijskega riža v Uniji ni vplival uvoz, temveč je preprosto predmet cikličnega nihanja med japonskim in indijskim rižem, ki temelji na odločitvi pridelovalcev Unije.
Pakistan
Res je, da lahko pridelovalci pridelavo riža preusmerijo z indijskega na japonskega.
Structural difficulties in the Italian rice sector
Vendar taka preusmeritev temelji na gospodarskih vidikih, vključno s povpraševanjem in tržno ceno.
In its submission upon initiation, the Cambodian Rice Federation claimed that the difficulties of the Italian rice sector are generally worse than in the rest of the Union and can therefore not be attributed only to the increase of imports.
V zvezi s tem je preiskava potrdila, da nekateri pridelovalci, ki so se soočali z vse večjo konkurenco poceni uvoza indijskega riža, dejansko niso imeli druge izbire, kot da se preusmerijo na proizvodnjo japonskega riža.
The replies to the questionnaire and the verification have indeed shown that the situation of the Union industry is worse in Italy than in Spain.
Zato to ni niti ciklično nihanje niti namerna odločitev, temveč dejanje samoobrambe.
That is partially due to the fact that the Spanish rice market is organised differently and is therefore more resilient in terms of supply and demand and also in terms of pricing.
Srednjeročno pa to niti ni izvedljiva možnost, saj je preusmeritev proizvodnje z indijskega na japonski riž povzročila presežno ponudbo japonskega riža na trgu in cenovni pritisk za to vrsto riža.
Nevertheless, the Commission has carried out a Union wide investigation based of the situation of the overall Union industry and based on a representative sample.
Zato so kmetje na splošno v težkem položaju.
The investigation showed — as explained above — that there are overall difficulties for the Union industry.
Zgoraj navedena trditev ni zelo pomembna, saj industrijo Unije sestavljajo rižarne in ne pridelovalci, ki so dobavitelji surovin.
Imports of ‘paddy rice’ from Guyana
Zaključna ugotovitev o vzročnosti
Interested parties have also claimed that increased imports of rice from Guyana have contributed to the serious difficulties.
Komisija je ugotovila vzročno zvezo med resnimi težavami industrije Unije ter uvozom iz Kambodže in Mjanmara.
Rice imported from Guyana is not milled (it consists of so-called ‘paddy rice’) and therefore falls outside the scope of the investigation and is not included in the above import statistics and not relevant here.
Prav tako je opredelila dejavnike, ki so tudi prispevali k tem težavam.
Exports by the Union industry
To zlasti velja za uvoz iz tretjih držav in uvoz neoluščenega riža iz Gvajane.
The Cambodian government submitted that one of the aspects that have been overlooked in the context of causation is the export orientation of the Union industry.
Vendar ni bilo ugotovljeno, da bi ti dejavniki prekinili vzročno zvezo, tudi če bi se upoštevali njihovi morebitni skupni učinki.
This claim was however not substantiated and, although exports have indeed increased from 3 % of total production to 7 % of total production during the investigation period, they nevertheless represent a very small proportion of the Union production.
Zato se zdi, da vsi učinki zgoraj navedenih dejavnikov na položaj industrije Unije ne zmanjšujejo povezave med obsegom uvoza in cenami iz Kambodže in Mjanmara ter resnimi težavami industrije Unije.
In addition, the increase of exports (+ 11000 tonnes) is much smaller than the increase of imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma (+ 147000 tonnes).
SKLEPNE UGOTOVITVE IN SPREJETJE UKREPOV
Reduction in production of Indica is due to an increase of production of Japonica
Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se indijski riž iz Kambodže in Mjanmara uvaža v obsegu in po cenah, ki industriji Unije povzročajo resne težave, zato so upravičeni zaščitni ukrepi.
The Government of Cambodia also claimed that the Union production of Indica rice has not been affected by imports, but is simply subject to a cyclical shift between Japonica and Indica rice based on the decision of Union growers.
V skladu s členom 22(1) uredbe o splošnih tarifnih preferencialih je zato treba ponovno uvesti dajatve na podlagi skupne carinske tarife v višini 175 EUR/tono.
It is correct that growers can shift production between Indica and Japonica rice.
V skladu s členom 28 uredbe o splošnih tarifnih preferencialih bi bilo treba ponovno uvesti zaščitne ukrepe, kolikor je to potrebno za preprečitev poslabšanja gospodarskega in finančnega položaja rižarn Unije.
Such shift is however based on economic considerations, including demand and market price.
Vendar obdobje ponovne uvedbe ne bi smelo biti daljše od treh let, razen če se podaljša v ustrezno utemeljenih okoliščinah.
In this context, the investigation confirmed that, when faced with the increased competition of low priced imports of Indica rice, some growers indeed had no alternative but to switch to the production of Japonica rice.
Komisija meni, da bi bilo treba v tem primeru uvesti ukrepe za obdobje treh let, da bi lahko industrija Unije v celoti okrevala od učinkov uvoza iz Kambodže in Mjanmara.
It is therefore neither a cyclical shift nor a deliberate choice but an act of self-defence.
Vendar Komisija iz naslednjih razlogov meni, da bi bilo treba zaščitne ukrepe v tem obdobju postopno liberalizirati.
In the medium term, this is however also not a viable option since switching production from Indica to Japonica has in turn caused an oversupply of Japonica rice on the market and price pressure for this type of rice.
Glavni cilj uredbe o splošnih tarifnih preferencialih je pomagati državam v razvoju pri njihovih prizadevanjih za zmanjšanje revščine ter spodbujati dobro upravljanje in trajnostni razvoj, tako da se jim pomaga zlasti pri ustvarjanju delovnih mest, industrializacije in dodatnih prihodkov v okviru mednarodne trgovine.
Farmers are therefore overall in a difficult situation.
Posebna ureditev „Vse razen orožja“, kot je določena v uredbi o splošnih tarifnih preferencialih, najrevnejšim in najšibkejšim državam na svetu pomaga izkoristiti priložnosti za trgovanje.
The above argument is however of limited relevance since the Union industry consists of rice millers and not growers, who are suppliers of the raw material.
Te države imajo večinoma podoben gospodarski profil.
Conclusion on causality
Zaradi nizke in nediverzificirane izvozne osnove so ranljive, zato so deležne nekaterih zaščitnih ukrepov iz uredbe o splošnih tarifnih preferencialih, kot sta na primer izvzetje od gradacije izdelkov in uporaba samodejnih zaščitnih ukrepov.
The Commission has established a causal link between the serious difficulties suffered by the Union industry and the imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma.
Zato Komisija meni, da so upravičenci do sheme „Vse razen orožja“ načeloma upravičeni do postopnega znižanja stopnje dajatve v obdobju treh let, kot je opisano v nadaljevanju.
The Commission has also identified factors which have also contributed to these difficulties.
Postopno znižanje bi zadostovalo tudi za preprečitev poslabšanja gospodarskega in/ali finančnega položaja rižarn Unije.
This is in particular imports from third countries and imports of paddy rice from Guyana.
Po drugi strani za Kambodžo in Mjanmar tri cela leta ne bi veljale polne dajatve, kar bi otežilo izvoz, vendar bi lahko v Unijo postopoma izvažala več indijskega riža.
These factors were however not found to attenuate the causal link, even when considering their possible combined effect.
Zato je za obdobje treh let predvidena naslednja ponovna uvedba tarifne dajatve:
Consequently, it appears that any impact of the above mentioned factors on the situation of the Union industry do not attenuate the link between the imports volume and the prices from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma and the serious difficulties suffered by Union industry.
leto
CONCLUSIONS AND ADOPTION OF MEASURES
leto
It is concluded that Indica rice from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma is imported in volumes and at prices which cause serious difficulties to the Union industry and consequently safeguard measures are warranted.
leto
According to Article 22(1) of the GSP Regulation, the Common Customs Tariff applied duties of 175 EUR/tonne should therefore be reinstated.
Tarifna dajatev (v EUR/tono)
Pursuant to Article 28 of the GSP Regulation the safeguard measures should be reintroduced as long as necessary to counteract the deterioration in the economic and financial situation of Union millers.
Stopnja dajatve skupne carinske tarife v višini 175 EUR/tono, ki se trenutno uporablja, bi se lahko prilagodila navzdol v skladu s členom 180 Uredbe (EU) 1308/2013 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta.
The period of reintroduction should however not exceed three years, unless it is extended in duly justified circumstances.
Če bi se zaradi teh prilagoditev uporabljale dajatve skupne carinske tarife, ki bi bile nižje od dajatev, navedenih v uvodni izjavi 85, bi bilo treba slednje uskladiti tako, da v obdobju uvedbe ukrepov nikoli ne bi presegale veljavne dajatve skupne carinske tarife.
The Commission considers that in this case measures should be introduced for a period of three years in order to allow the Union industry to fully recover from the effects of the imports from Cambodia and Myanmar/Burma.
Veljavni zaščitni ukrepi so zato nižji od prilagojenih carin in veljavne dajatve, navedene v uvodni izjavi 85.
The Commission is however of the view that the safeguard measures should be progressively liberalised during this period for the following reasons.
Da se uvoznikom zadevnih izdelkov zagotovi pravna varnost, so različne zainteresirane strani zahtevale, da zgoraj navedeni ukrepi ne bi zajemali izdelkov, ki so že na poti v Unijo.
The GSP Regulation has the prime objective to assist developing countries in their efforts to reduce poverty and promote good governance and sustainable development, by helping them to generate in particular employment, industrialisation and additional revenue through international trade.
V skladu s svojo sedanjo prakso v zadevah v zvezi z zaščitnimi ukrepi Komisija meni, da je takšna „klavzula o odpremi“ v tem primeru dejansko utemeljena, zato so bile zahteve sprejete.
The special arrangement Everything But Arms (EBA), as laid down in the GSP Regulation, helps the world's poorest and weakest countries to take advantage of trading opportunities.
Ukrepi, ki jih določa ta uredba, so v skladu z mnenjem Odbora za splošne preferenciale iz člena 39(3) Uredbe (EU) št. 978/2012 –
These countries largely share a similar economic profile.
SPREJELA NASLEDNJO UREDBO:
They are vulnerable because of low and non-diversified export base and enjoy, therefore, certain protections under the GSP Regulation such as, for example, exemption from product graduation and from the application of automatic safeguards.
Člen 1
Therefore the Commission considered that, in principle, a progressive reduction in the duty rate over the period of three years, as outlined below, is warranted for EBA beneficiaries.
Dajatve skupne carinske tarife se začasno ponovno uvedejo za uvoz indijskega riža s poreklom iz Kambodže in Mjanmara, ki se trenutno uvršča pod oznake KN 10063027, 10063048, 10063067 in 10063098.
A progressive reduction would also be sufficient to counteract the deterioration in the economic and/or financial situation of the Union millers.
Dajatev v EUR na tono, ki se uporablja za izdelek iz odstavka 1, je 175 za prvo leto, 150 za drugo leto in 125 za tretje leto od datuma začetka veljavnosti te uredbe.