natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
As mentioned in Article 115 of the Articles of Association, the GOC, in its capacity of main shareholder holding 69,31 %, has the power to appoint both the executive and the non-executive Directors of the bank, which constitute the Board of Directors.
Kar zadeva banko EXIM, so njena pooblastila v okviru javne politike določena v obvestilu o njeni ustanovitvi in v njenem statutu.
Moreover, according to ICBC's Articles of Association, the Board of Directors decides, inter alia, the business plan, investment proposal and development strategies of the Bank, appoints or dismisses senior staff such as the President and Secretary of the Board, the Vice President, and other senior management personnel.
Člen 34 zakona o bankah se uporablja za vse finančne institucije, ki delujejo na Kitajskem, in na splošni ravni določa: „Poslovne banke svojo posojilno dejavnost izvajajo v skladu s potrebami nacionalnega gospodarskega in družbenega razvoja ter smernicami industrijske politike države“.
The Board further decides on the implementation of resolutions at the shareholders' meeting, and formulates the basic management systems.
Čeprav člen 4 zakona o bankah določa: „Poslovne banke opravljajo posle brez vmešavanja katere koli enote ali posameznika.
This non-exhaustive list of responsibilities illustrates the institutional control of the State on ICBC's daily business.
Poslovne banke so samostojno civilno odgovorne z vsem svojim premoženjem, ki ga imajo kot pravne osebe“, je preiskava pokazala, da se člen 4 zakona o bankah uporablja v skladu s členom 34 zakona o bankah, tj. kadar država vzpostavi javno politiko, jo banke izvajajo in sledijo njenim navodilom.
The Commission further sought information about whether the GOC exercised meaningful control over the conduct of the four cooperating State-owned banks with respect to their lending policies and assessment of risk, where they provided loans to the electric bicycle industry.
Poleg tega člen 15 splošnih pravil o posojilih določa: „V skladu z državno politiko lahko ustrezne službe subvencionirajo posojilne obresti, in sicer za spodbujanje rasti nekaterih industrij in gospodarskega razvoja na nekaterih območjih.“
The following regulatory documents have been taken into account in this respect:
Javno dostopne informacije so potrdile, da se zgoraj navedene določbe uporabljajo v praksi.
Article 34 of the Law of the PRC on Commercial Banks (‘Bank law’);
Na primer v letnem poročilu banke ICBC za leto 2016 je med drugim navedeno, da je „banka aktivno izvajala nacionalne politike, dodatno podprla strukturno reformo na strani ponudbe […] Banka je nadaljevala podporo ključnim vladnim programom in pomembnim gradbenim projektom ter se proaktivno prilagodila nacionalnim razvojnim strategijam za ‚štiri regije‘ (zahodno, severovzhodno, vzhodno in osrednjo regijo) ter ‚tri podporne pasove‘ (pobuda ‚pas in cesta‘, usklajen razvoj regije Peking–Tianjin–Hebei in razvoj ekonomske cone reke Jangce)“.
Article 15 of the General Rules on Loans (implemented by the People's Bank of China);
Komisija je ugotovila tudi, da ima komisija bančnih regulatorjev Kitajske obsežna pooblastila za odobritev glede vseh vidikov upravljanja vseh finančnih institucij s sedežem v LRK (vključno s finančnimi institucijami v zasebni in tuji lasti), kot so:
Decision No. 40 of the State Council on Promulgating and Implementing the Temporary Provisions on Promoting Industrial Structure Adjustments (‘Decision No. 40’);
odobritev imenovanja vseh vodstvenih delavcev finančnih institucij, tako na ravni sedežev kot na ravni lokalnih podružnic.
Implementing Measures of the China Banking Regulatory Commission (‘CBRC’) for Administrative Licensing Matters for Chinese-funded Commercial Banks (Order of the CBRC [2017] No.1);
Odobritev komisije bančnih regulatorjev Kitajske se zahteva pri zaposlovanju vodstvenega osebja na vseh ravneh, od najvišjih funkcij do vodij podružnic, in vključuje celo vodstvene delavce, imenovane v podružnicah v tujini, pa tudi pristojne za podporne funkcije (npr. upravljavce IT); ter
Implementing Measures of the CBRC for Administrative Licensing Matters relating to Foreign-funded Banks (Order of the CBRC [2015] No.4);
zelo dolg seznam upravnih odobritev, vključno z odobritvami za ustanovitev podružnic, uvedbo novih poslovnih področij ali prodajo novih izdelkov, spremembo statuta banke, prodajo več kot 5 % njihovih delnic, povečanje kapitala, spremembe sedeža, spremembe organizacijske oblike itd.;
Administrative Measures for the Qualifications of Directors and Senior Officers of Financial Institutions in the Banking Sector (CBRC [2013] No.3).
zakon o bankah je pravno zavezujoč.
Reviewing these regulatory documents, the Commission found that financial institutions in the PRC are operating in a general legal environment that directs them to align themselves with the GOC's industrial policy objectives when taking financial decisions, for the reasons outlined below.
V oddelku 3.1 je bilo ugotovljeno, da so petletni načrti in sklep št. 40 zavezujoči.
With respect to EXIM, its public policy mandate is established in the notice of establishing the Import Export Bank of China as well as in its Articles of Association.
Zavezujoča narava regulativnih dokumentov komisije bančnih regulatorjev Kitajske izhaja iz njenih pooblastil kot bančnega regulativnega organa.
At the general level, Article 34 of the Bank law, which applies to all financial institutions operating in China, provides that ‘Commercial banks shall conduct their business of lending in accordance with the needs of the national economic and social development and under the guidance of the industrial policies of the State’.
Zavezujoča narava drugih dokumentov je razvidna iz klavzul o nadzoru in vrednotenju, ki jih vsebujejo.
Although Article 4 of the Bank Law states that ‘Commercial banks shall, pursuant to law, conduct business operations without interference from any unit or individual.
Komisija je na podlagi tega ugotovila, da je kitajska vlada vzpostavila normativni okvir, ki ga morajo upoštevati vodstveni delavci in nadzorniki, ki jih imenuje kitajska vlada in ki tej tudi odgovarjajo.
Commercial banks shall independently assume civil liability with their entire legal person property’, the investigation showed that Article 4 of the Bank law is applied subject to Article 34 of the Bank law, i.e. where the State establishes a public policy the banks implement it and follow State instructions.
Kitajska vlada se je torej pri izvajanju smiselnega nadzora nad ravnanjem sodelujočih bank v državni lasti, kadar so te zagotavljale posojila industriji električnih koles, opirala na normativni okvir.
In addition, Article 15 of the General Rules on Loans provides: ‘In accordance with the State's policy, relevant departments may subsidize interests on loans, with a view to promoting the growth of certain industries and economic development in some areas’.
Komisija je želela pridobiti tudi oprijemljive dokaze o izvajanju smiselnega nadzora na podlagi konkretnih posojil.
The publicly available information further confirmed that the above provisions are applied in practice.
Med preiskavo so sodelujoče banke v državni lasti trdile, da so pri dodeljevanju spornih posojil v praksi uporabljale ustrezne politike in modele za oceno kreditnega tveganja.
For example the 2016 annual report of ICBC states inter alia that ‘Bank actively implemented national policies, further supported the supply-side structural reform, […]The Bank continued to bolster the government's key programs and significant construction projects, and proactively aligned with the national development strategies on the “four regions” (western regions, northeastern regions, eastern regions and central regions) and the “three supporting belts” (the “Belt and Road” initiative, the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Zone)’.
Kljub temu niso podale konkretnih primerov v zvezi z vzorčenimi proizvajalci izvozniki.
The Commission also found that the China Banking and Regulatory Commission (‘CBRC’) has far-reaching approval authority over all aspects of the management of all financial institutions established in the PRC (including privately owned and foreign owned financial institutions), such as:
Kakor je tudi pojasnjeno v uvodnih izjavah 144 do 155, štiri sodelujoče banke v državni lasti iz regulativnih in pogodbenih razlogov niso hotele predložiti informacij, vključno z njihovimi posebnimi ocenami kreditnega tveganja, povezanimi z vzorčenimi proizvajalci izvozniki, čeprav jim je Komisija poslala pisno soglasje vzorčenih proizvajalcev izvoznikov o odpovedi pravici do zaupnosti.
approval of the appointment of all managers of the financial institutions, both at the level of headquarters and at the level of local branches.
Ker ni bilo oprijemljivih dokazov o ocenah bank glede kreditne sposobnosti, je Komisija proučila splošno pravno okolje, kot je opisano v uvodnih izjavah 195 do 202, ter ravnanje štirih sodelujočih bank v državni lasti v zvezi s posojili, ki so jih zagotavljale vzorčenim proizvajalcem izvoznikom.
Approval of the CBRC is required for the recruitment of all levels of management, from the most senior positions down to branch managers, and even includes managers appointed in overseas branches as well as managers responsible for support functions (e.g. the IT managers); and
To ravnanje je bilo očitno v nasprotju z njihovim uradnim stališčem, izraženim med preveritvenim obiskom pri kitajski vladi, saj v praksi niso priskrbele nobenih dokazov, da ravnajo na podlagi temeljitih ocen tveganja, ki temeljijo na trgu.
a very long list of administrative approvals, including approvals for setting up branches, for starting new business lines or selling new products, for changing the Articles of Association of the bank, for selling more than 5 % of their shares, for capital increases, for changes of domicile, for changes of organizational form, etc.;
Med preveritvenimi obiski je bilo, razen pri enem proizvajalcu izvozniku, ki med OP ni imel neodplačanih bančnih posojil, ugotovljeno, da so se posojila štirim preostalim skupinam vzorčenih proizvajalcev izvoznikov zagotavljala po obrestnih merah, podobnih referenčni obrestni meri Ljudske banke Kitajske, ali medbančnih referenčnih obrestnih merah ne glede na njihov finančni položaj in kreditno tveganje.
the Bank law is legally binding.
Posojila so se torej zagotavljala pod tržnimi obrestnimi merami, če jih primerjamo s stopnjo, ki bi ustrezala profilu tveganja štirih vzorčenih proizvajalcev izvoznikov.
The mandatory nature of the Five Year Plans and of Decision No. 40 has been established above in section 3.1.
Poleg tega je en vzorčeni proizvajalec izvoznik prejel nova posojila s podobnimi pogoji kot posojila, ki zapadajo, na dan, ko so bila stara posojila odplačana.
The mandatory nature of the CBRC regulatory documents derives from its powers as the banking regulatory authority.
Tako je ureditev dejansko delovala kot sistem revolving kreditov.
The mandatory nature of other documents is demonstrated by the supervision and evaluation clauses which they contain.
Poleg tega so bili trije od petih vzorčenih proizvajalcev izvoznikov proti plačilu standardne opravnine v višini 0,05 % deležni bančnih meničnih akceptov ne glede na svoj finančni položaj in kreditno tveganje.
On that basis, the Commission concluded that the GOC has created a normative framework that had to be adhered to by the managers and supervisors appointed by the GOC and accountable to the GOC.
Komisija je zato sklenila, da je kitajska vlada izvajala pomemben nadzor nad ravnanjem sodelujočih bank v državni lasti glede njihovih posojilnih politik in ocene tveganja v zvezi z industrijo električnih koles.
Therefore, the GOC relied on the normative framework in order to exercise control in a meaningful way over the conduct of the cooperating State-owned banks whenever those were providing loans to the electric bicycle industry.
Sklep o sodelujočih finančnih institucijah
The Commission also sought concrete proof of the exercise of control in a meaningful way on the basis of concrete loans.
Komisija je ugotovila, da štiri sodelujoče finančne institucije v državni lasti izvajajo zgoraj opisani pravni okvir, ko izvajajo vladne funkcije v zvezi s sektorjem električnih koles, zato delujejo kot javni organi v smislu člena 2(b) osnovne uredbe v povezavi s členom 3(1)(a)(i) osnovne uredbe in v skladu z ustrezno sodno prakso STO.
During the investigation, the cooperating State-owned banks maintained that in practice they had used appropriate credit risk assessment policies and models when granting the loans at issue.
Nesodelujoče banke v državni lasti
However, no concrete examples relating to the sampled exporting producers were provided.
Kot je navedeno v oddelku 3.3, nobena druga banka v državni lasti, ki je zagotavljala posojila vzorčenim proizvajalcem izvoznikom, ni izpolnila vprašalnika.
As also explained in recitals (144) to (155) the four cooperating State-owned banks refused to provide information, including their specific credit risk assessments, related to the sampled exporting producers for regulatory reasons and contractual reasons even though the Commission had provided them with a written consent from the sampled exporting producers waiving their confidentiality rights.
Zato je Komisija v skladu s sklepi iz uvodnih izjav 141 do 155 zgoraj sklenila, da bo pri ugotavljanju, ali se navedene banke v državni lasti štejejo za javne organe, uporabila razpoložljiva dejstva.
In the absence of concrete evidence of creditworthiness assessments of the banks, the Commission examined the overall legal environment as set out above in recitals (195) to (202), in combination with the behaviour of the four cooperating State-owned banks with regard to the loans provided to the sampled exporting producers.
Komisija je v protisubvencijski preiskavi o uvozu nekaterih vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov iz železa, nelegiranega jekla ali drugega legiranega jekla s poreklom iz Ljudske republike Kitajske ugotovila, da so naslednje banke, ki so petim vzorčenim skupinam proizvajalcev izvoznikov v tej preiskavi zagotavljale posojila, kreditne linije ali bančne menične akcepte, delno ali v celoti v lasti države ali pravnih oseb v lasti države: Kitajska komercialna banka, Razvojna banka Šanghaj Pudong, Banka Ningbo, banka Everbright, Komunikacijska banka, Konstrukcijska banka Kitajske, Banka Bohai in Banka Citic.
This behaviour apparently contrasted with their official stance expressed during the verification visit at the GOC, as in practice they failed to provide any evidence that they are acting based on thorough market-based risk assessments.
Ker niso bile predložene informacije, ki bi dokazovale nasprotno, je Komisija v tej preiskavi ohranila isti sklep.
The verification visits revealed that with the exception of one exporting producer which did not have any outstanding bank loans during the IP, loans were provided to the four remaining groups of sampled exporting producers at interest rates close to the People's Bank of China (‘PBOC’) benchmark or interbank reference interest rates, regardless of the companies' financial and credit risk situation.
Ker zadevne finančne institucije niso predložile informacij, ki bi dokazovale nasprotno, je Komisija nadalje ugotovila, da sta lastništvo in nadzor kitajske vlade temeljila na formalnih indicih iz istih razlogov, kot so navedeni v oddelku 3.5.1.1 zgoraj.
Hence, the loans were provided below market rates when compared to the rate corresponding to the risk profile of the four sampled exporting producers.
Zlasti se ob neobstoju kakršnih koli dokazov o nasprotnem predpostavlja, da kitajska vlada vodstvene delavce in nadzornike v nesodelujočih bankah v državni lasti, ki ji tudi odgovarjajo, imenuje enako kakor v sodelujočih bankah v državni lasti.
In addition, one sampled exporting producer had received new loans with similar conditions as the maturing loans on the same day that the old loans were repaid.
Kar zadeva izvajanje nadzora na smiseln način, je Komisija ob neobstoju kakršnih koli drugih informacij menila, da so ugotovitve v zvezi s štirimi sodelujočimi finančnimi institucijami reprezentativne tudi za nesodelujoče finančne institucije v državni lasti.
Thus the arrangement was functioning de facto as a system of revolving loans.
Zanje enako velja normativni okvir, analiziran v oddelku 3.5.1.1.
Furthermore, three out of the five sampled exporting producers benefitted from bank acceptances against a standard fee of 0,05 % regardless of the companies' financial and credit risk situation.
Ker ni dokazov o nasprotnem, na podlagi razpoložljivih dejstev velja zanje neobstoj konkretnih dokazov o ocenah kreditne sposobnosti tako kot glede štirih sodelujočih bank v državni lasti.
The Commission therefore concluded that the GOC has exercised meaningful control over the conduct of the cooperating State-owned banks with respect to their lending policies and assessment of risk concerning the electric bicycle industry.
Komisija je ugotovila tudi, da je imela večina posojilnih pogodb, zagotovljenih vzorčenim proizvajalcem izvoznikom, vse podobne pogoje ter da so bile dogovorjene posojilne obrestne mere prav tako podobne in so se delno prekrivale z obrestnimi merami, ki so jih zagotovile štiri sodelujoče banke v državni lasti.
Conclusion on cooperating financial institutions
Komisija je zato menila, da zaradi navedenih podobnosti posojilnih pogojev in posojilnih obrestnih mer ter reprezentativnosti treh finančnih institucij, ki so bile preverjene, ugotovitve za sodelujoče banke v državni lasti pomenijo razpoložljiva dejstva v skladu s členom 28 osnovne uredbe za oceno drugih bank v državni lasti.
The Commission found that the legal framework set out above is being implemented by the four co-operating State-owned financial institutions in the exercise of governmental functions with respect to the electric bicycle sector, thereby acting as public bodies in the sense of Article 2(b) of the basic Regulation read in conjunction with Article 3(1)(a)(i) of the basic Regulation and in accordance with the relevant WTO case-law.
Komisija je na podlagi tega zaključila, da je vsaka druga banka v državni lasti, ki je kateremu od vzorčenih proizvajalcev izvoznikov zagotavljala posojila, javni organ v smislu člena 3 in člena 2(b) osnovne uredbe.
Non-cooperating State-owned banks
Sklep o finančnih institucijah v državni lasti
As set out in section 3.3 above, none of the other State-owned banks which provided loans to the sampled exporting producers replied to the specific questionnaire.
Komisija je glede na zgoraj navedeno sklenila, da so vse kitajske finančne institucije v državni lasti, ki so vzorčenim skupinam sodelujočih proizvajalcev izvoznikov zagotavljale posojila, javni organi v smislu člena 3 in člena 2(b) osnovne uredbe.
Therefore, in line with the conclusions reached in recitals (141) to (155)(153) above, the Commission decided to use facts available to determine whether those State-owned banks qualify as public bodies.
Tudi če finančnih institucij v državni lasti ne bi šteli za javne organe, se lahko iz enakih razlogov, kot so navedeni v uvodnih izjavah 218 do 222 v nadaljevanju, šteje, da jim je kitajska vlada zaupala in ukazala opravljanje funkcij, ki so običajno v pristojnosti vlade, v smislu člena 3(1)(a)(iv) osnovne uredbe.
In the anti-subsidy investigation on imports of certain hot-rolled flat products of iron, non-alloy or other alloy steel originating in the People's Republic of China, the Commission established that the following banks which had provided loans, credit lines or bank acceptances to the five sampled groups of exporting producers in this investigation were partially or fully owned by the State itself or by State-held legal persons: China Merchants Bank, Shangai Pudong Development Bank, Bank of Ningbo, Everbright bank, Bank of Communications, China Construction Bank, Bohai Bank and Citic Bank.
Njihovo ravnanje bi se zato vsekakor pripisalo kitajski vladi, kakor je pojasnjeno v oddelku 3.5.1.
Since no information has been provided indicating otherwise, the Commission maintained the same conclusion in the present investigation.
Zaupanje in ukazovanje zasebnim finančnim institucijam in institucijam, katerih lastništvo ni znano
The Commission further established, absent any information from the financial institutions at issue indicating otherwise, GOC ownership and control based on formal indicia for the same reasons as set out above in section 3.5.1.1 In particular, and absent any evidence indicating otherwise, managers and supervisors in the non-cooperating State-owned bank are assumed to be appointed by the GOC and accountable to the GOC in the same manner as in the cooperating State-owned banks.
Za naslednje finančne institucije se je na podlagi javno dostopnih informacij štelo, da so v zasebni lasti: Banka Mizuho (in Banka za poslovanje s podjetji Mizuho), Tokijska banka Mitsubishi UF in Banka Minsheng.
With regard to the exercise of control in a meaningful manner, and in the absence of any other information, the Commission considered that the findings concerning the four cooperating financial institutions are also representative for the non-cooperating State-owned financial institution.
Zaradi nesodelovanja in nezadostnih javno dostopnih informacij Komisija pri naslednjih finančnih institucijah ni mogla oceniti, ali so v državni ali zasebni lasti: Podeželska poslovna banka Zhejiang Jinhua Chengtai, Podeželska poslovna banka Zhejiang Yongkang in Pufa Bankwere.
The normative framework analyzed in section 3.5.1.1 above applies to them in an identical manner.
Komisija je uporabila konservativen pristop in jih analizirala enako kot finančne institucije v zasebni lasti, zato so v nadaljnjem besedilu navedene kot „finančne institucije v zasebni lasti“.
Thus, absent any indication to the contrary, and on the basis of facts available, the lack of concrete evidence of creditworthiness assessments is valid in the same manner as for the four cooperating State-owned banks.
Komisija je analizirala, ali je tem finančnim institucijam v zasebni lasti kitajska vlada zaupala ali ukazala, da dodelijo subvencije sektorju električnih koles, v smislu člena 3(1)(a)(iv) osnovne uredbe.
Moreover, the Commission observed that the majority of loan contracts provided to the sampled exporting producers had all similar conditions and that the lending rates which had been agreed were also similar and partly overlapped with the rates provided by the four cooperating State-owned banks.
V skladu s poročilom pritožbenega organa STO „ZDA – Preiskava o izravnalni dajatvi za dinamične bralno-pisalne pomnilnike (DRAMS) iz Koreje“; za „zaupanje“ gre, kadar vlada zasebnemu organu naloži odgovornost, „ukazovanje“ pa se nanaša na primere, ko vlada nad zasebnim organom izvaja nadzor.
The Commission therefore considered that the findings for the cooperating State-owned banks constituted the facts available under Article 28 of the basic Regulation for assessing the other State-owned banks, due to those similarities in loan conditions and lending rates and the representativeness of the three financial institutions that were verified.
Vlada v obeh primerih uporablja zasebni organ kot posrednika za izvršitev finančnega prispevka, pri čemer bi se „v večini primerov […] pričakovalo, da zaupanje ali ukazovanje zasebnega organa vključuje neko obliko grožnje ali prisile“.
On that basis, the Commission concluded that each of the other State-owned banks, which provided loans to one of the sampled exporting producers, is a public body within the meaning of Articles 3 and 2 (b) of the basic Regulation.
Hkrati članice v skladu s členom 3(1)(a)(iv) osnovne uredbe ne smejo uvesti izravnalnih ukrepov za izdelke, „kadar vlada zgolj izvaja svoje splošne regulativne pristojnosti“ ali kadar posredovanje vlade „utegne imeti določen učinek ali ne zgolj na podlagi navedenih dejanskih okoliščin in uveljavljanja proste izbire akterjev na zadevnem trgu“.
Conclusion on State-owned financial institutions
Zaupanje in ukazovanje pomenita „aktivnejšo vlogo vlade, in ne zgolj spodbude“.