natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 of 5 October 2012 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 296, 25.10.2012, p. 1).
so bili udeleženi v pomembnem zgodovinskem dogodku,
ANNEX I
pomenijo pomemben korak v razvoju letalstva ali
Aircraft referred to in point (d) of Article 2(3)
so imeli pomembno vlogo v oboroženih silah države članice;
Categories of manned aircraft to which this Regulation does not apply:
zrakoplovi, posebej projektirani ali prilagojeni za raziskovalne, eksperimentalne ali znanstvene namene, ki bodo verjetno izdelani v zelo omejenem številu;
historic aircraft meeting the following criteria:
zrakoplovi, vključno z zrakoplovi, dobavljenimi v obliki sestavnih delov, ki jih vsaj v 51 % izdela in sestavi ljubitelj ali nepridobitno združenje ljubiteljev za svoje namene in brez komercialnih ciljev;
aircraft whose:
zrakoplovi, ki jih uporabljajo vojaške sile, razen če niso to zrakoplovi tipa, za katerega je Agencija prevzela standard za projektiranje;
initial design was established before 1 January 1955, and
letala, katerih merljiva prevlečna hitrost ali najmanjša stalna hitrost letenja v pristajalni konfiguraciji ne presega 35 vozlov kalibrirane hitrosti (CAS), helikopterji, motorna padala, jadralna letala in motorna jadralna letala, ki imajo največ dva sedeža in največjo vzletno maso (MTOM), kot so jo določile države članice in ki ne presega:
production has been stopped before 1 January 1975;
Letalo/helikopter/motorno padalo/motorno jadralno letalo
aircraft having a clear historical relevance, related to:
Jadralno letalo
a participation in a noteworthy historical event,
Amfibijsko ali vodno letalo/helikopter
a major step in the development of aviation, or
Padalo za ponovni dvig, pritrjeno na konstrukcijo
a major role played into the armed forces of a Member State;
Enosed
aircraft specifically designed or modified for research, experimental or scientific purposes, and likely to be produced in very limited numbers;
300 kg MTOM
aircraft, including those supplied in kit form, where at least 51 % of the fabrication and assembly tasks are performed by an amateur, or a non-profit making association of amateurs, for their own purposes and without any commercial objective;
dodatnih 30 kg MTOM
aircraft that have been in the service of military forces, unless the aircraft is of a type for which a design standard has been adopted by the Agency;
dodatnih 15 kg MTOM
aeroplanes having measurable stall speed or the minimum steady flight speed in landing configuration not exceeding 35 knots calibrated air speed (CAS), helicopters, powered parachutes, sailplanes and powered sailplanes, having no more than two seats and a maximum take-off mass (MTOM), as recorded by the Member States, of no more than:
Dvosed
Aeroplane/Helicopter/Powered parachute/powered sailplanes
450 kg MTOM
Sailplanes
dodatnih 45 kg MTOM
Airframe mounted total recovery parachute
Če se amfibijsko ali vodno letalo/helikopter uporablja kot vodno letalo/helikopter in kot kopensko letalo/helikopter, mora biti njegova največja vzletna masa pod veljavno mejo MTOM.
Single-seater
eno- ali dvosedežni žiroplani, pri katerih MTOM ne presega 600 kg;
300 kg MTOM
dvojniki zrakoplovov, ki izpolnjujejo merila iz točke (a) ali (d), katerih strukturni projekt je podoben originalnemu zrakoplovu;
250 kg MTOM
baloni in zračne ladje za eno ali dve osebi, katerih največja konstrukcijsko določena prostornina v primeru toplega zraka je 1200 m3, v primeru drugih vzletnih plinov pa 400 m3;
Additional 15 kg MTOM
Poleg tega se ta uredba ne uporablja za:
Two-seater
privezane zrakoplove brez pogonskega sistema, kadar je največja dolžina vrvi 50 m in kadar:
450 kg MTOM
je MTOM zrakoplova, vključno s tovorom, manj kot 25 kg, ali
400 kg MTOM
je v primeru zrakoplova, lažjega od zraka, njegova največja konstrukcijsko določena prostornina manjša od 40 m3;
Additional 45 kg MTOM
privezane zrakoplove, pri katerih MTOM ne presega 1 kg.
Additional 25 kg MTOM
PRILOGA II
When an amphibian or a floatplane/helicopter is operating both as a floatplane/helicopter and as a land plane/helicopter, it must fall below the applicable MTOM limit.
Bistvene zahteve glede plovnosti
single and two-seater gyroplanes with a MTOM not exceeding 600 kg;
INTEGRITETA IZDELKA
replicas of aircraft meeting the criteria of points (a) or (d), for which the structural design is similar to the original aircraft;
Integriteto izdelka, vključno z zaščito pred tveganji za varnost informacij, je treba zagotoviti v vseh pričakovanih pogojih letenja med obratovalno dobo zrakoplova.
balloons and airships having a single or double occupancy and a maximum design volume of, in the case of hot air not more than 1200 m3, and in the case of other lifting gas not more than 400 m3;
Skladnost z vsemi zahtevami je treba dokazati z ocenjevanjem ali analizami, ki jih po potrebi spremljajo testi.
any other manned aircraft which has a maximum empty mass, including fuel, of no more than 70 kg.
Strukture in materiali
Furthermore, this Regulation shall not apply to:
Zagotoviti je treba integriteto strukture, vključno s pogonskim sistemom, v celotni operativni ovojnici zrakoplova in z zadostno rezervo zunaj nje ter jo vzdrževati med vso obratovalno dobo zrakoplova.
tethered aircraft with no propulsion system, where the maximum length of the tether is 50 m, and where:
Vsi deli zrakoplova, katerih odpoved bi lahko zmanjšala integriteto strukture, morajo izpolnjevati naslednje pogoje, ne da bi pri tem prišlo do škodljivih deformacij ali odpovedi.
the MTOM of the aircraft, including its payload, is less than 25 kg, or
To vključuje vse dele z veliko maso in sredstva za njihovo pritrditev.
in the case of a lighter-than-air aircraft, the maximum design volume of the aircraft is less than 40 m3;
Treba je upoštevati vse kombinacije obremenitev, ki jih je mogoče razumno pričakovati v okviru mas, obsega območja težišča, operativne ovojnice in obratovalne dobe zrakoplova ter z zadostno rezervo zunaj tega okvira.
tethered aircraft with a MTOM of no more than 1 kg.
To vključuje obremenitve zaradi sunkovitega vetra, izvajanja manevrov, vzdrževanja zračnega tlaka, premičnih površin, sistemov za krmiljenje in pogonskih sistemov med letom in na tleh.
ANNEX II
Upoštevati je treba obremenitve in verjetne odpovedi, ki bi jih povzročili zasilni pristanki na kopnem ali na vodi.
Essential requirements for airworthiness
Kot je ustrezno za vrsto operacije, morajo biti v odzivu strukture na take obremenitve zajeti dinamični učinki, pri čemer je treba upoštevati velikost in konfiguracijo zrakoplova.
PRODUCT INTEGRITY
Na zrakoplovu ne sme priti do nikakršne aeroelastične nestabilnosti in prekomernih vibracij.
Product integrity, including protection against information security threats, must be assured for all anticipated flight conditions for the operational life of the aircraft.
Rezultat postopkov proizvodnje zrakoplova in materialov, ki se pri tem uporabljajo, morajo biti znane in ponovljive strukturne lastnosti.
Compliance with all requirements must be shown by assessment or analysis, supported, where necessary, by tests.
Upoštevati je treba vse spremembe v obnašanju materiala, povezane z operativnim okoljem.
Structures and materials
V največji možni meri je treba zagotoviti, da učinki cikličnih obremenitev, degradacije okolja ter naključnega in prikritega vira poškodbe ne zmanjšajo integritete strukture pod še sprejemljivo raven preostale trdnosti.
The integrity of the structure must be ensured throughout, and sufficiently beyond, the operational envelope for the aircraft, including its propulsion system, and maintained for the operational life of the aircraft.
V zvezi s tem je treba objaviti vsa navodila, ki so potrebna za zagotavljanje stalne plovnosti.
All parts of the aircraft, the failure of which could reduce the structural integrity, must comply with the following conditions without detrimental deformation or failure.
Pogon
This includes all items of significant mass and their means of restraint.
Integriteto pogonskega sistema (tj. motorja in, če je ustrezno, propelerja) je treba dokazati v celotni operativni ovojnici in z zadostno rezervo zunaj nje ter jo vzdrževati med vso obratovalno dobo pogonskega sistema, pri tem pa upoštevati vlogo pogonskega sistema v celotnem varnostnem konceptu zrakoplova.
All combinations of load reasonably expected to occur within and sufficiently beyond, the weights, centre of gravity range, operational envelope and life of the aircraft must be considered.
Pogonski sistem mora v okviru deklariranih mej proizvajati potisk ali moč, ki se od njega zahteva, v vseh obveznih pogojih letenja, pri čemer je treba upoštevati okoljske učinke in pogoje.
This includes loads due to gusts, manoeuvres, pressurisation, movable surfaces, control and propulsion systems both in flight and on the ground.
Rezultat postopka proizvodnje pogonskega sistema in materialov, ki se pri tem uporabljajo, morajo biti znane in ponovljive strukturne lastnosti.
Consideration must be given to the loads and likely failures induced by emergency landings either on land or water.
Učinki cikličnih obremenitev, degradacije okolja ali degradacijo delovanja in verjetne poznejše odpovedi delov ne smejo zmanjšati integritete pogonskega sistema pod še sprejemljive ravni.
As appropriate to the type of operation, dynamic effects must be covered in the structural response to those loads, taking into account the size and configuration of the aircraft.
Objaviti je treba vsa navodila, informacije in zahteve, potrebne za varno in pravilno povezavo med pogonskim sistemom in zrakoplovom.
The aircraft must be free from any aero elastic instability and excessive vibration.
Sistemi in oprema (razen nenameščene opreme):
The production processes and materials used in the construction of the aircraft must result in known and reproducible structural properties.
Zrakoplov ne sme imeti nobenih projektivnih značilnosti ali podrobnosti, za katere so izkušnje pokazale, da so nevarne.
Any changes in material performance related to the operational environment must be accounted for.
Zrakoplov, vključno s tistimi sistemi in opremo, ki so zahtevani za oceno projekta tipa ali na podlagi operativnih pravil, mora v svoji celotni operativni ovojnici in z zadostno varnostno rezervo zunaj nje ter v vseh predvidljivih pogojih delovanja delovati, kot je predvideno, pri čemer je treba upoštevati operativno okolje sistema ali opreme.
It must be ensured, to the extent practicable, that the effects of cyclic loading, environmental degradation, accidental and discrete source damage do not reduce the structural integrity below an acceptable residual strength level.
Drugi sistemi ali oprema, ki niso zahtevani za certifikacijo tipa ali na podlagi operativnih pravil, ne glede na to, ali delujejo pravilno ali ne, ne smejo zmanjšati varnosti in ne smejo ogrožati pravilnega delovanja drugih sistemov ali opreme.
All necessary instructions for ensuring continued airworthiness in this regard must be promulgated.
Sisteme in opremo mora biti mogoče upravljati brez izjemne spretnosti ali moči.
Propulsion
Letalski sistemi in oprema, obravnavani ločeno in v medsebojni povezavi, morajo biti projektirani tako, da zaradi ene same odpovedi, ki ne velja za izjemno neverjetno, ne pride do popolne odpovedi, verjetnost odpovedi in resnost njenega učinka na zrakoplov in osebe na njem pa morata biti v obratnem sorazmerju.
The integrity of the propulsion system (i.e. engine and, where appropriate, propeller) must be demonstrated throughout and sufficiently beyond the operational envelope of the propulsion system and must be maintained for the operational life of the propulsion system, taking into account the role of the propulsion system in the overall safety concept of the aircraft.
V zvezi z zgornjim merilom glede ene same odpovedi je sprejemljivo, da se predvidi toleranca za velikost in splošno konfiguracijo zrakoplova ter da zaradi tega lahko pri nekaterih delih in nekaterih sistemih na helikopterjih in manjših letalih pride do neskladja s tem merilom.
The propulsion system must produce, within its stated limits, the thrust or power demanded of it at all required flight conditions, taking into account environmental effects and conditions.
Posadki oziroma vzdrževalnemu osebju je treba na jasen, dosleden in nedvoumen način zagotoviti informacije, ki jih potrebujejo za varno izvedbo leta, in informacije o nevarnih razmerah.
The production process and materials used in the construction of the propulsion system must result in known and reproducible structural behaviour.
Sistemi, oprema in krmila, vključno z znaki in obvestili, morajo biti projektirani in nameščeni tako, da se čim bolj zmanjšajo napake, ki bi lahko prispevale k nastanku nevarnosti.
The effects of cyclic loading, environmental and operational degradation and likely subsequent part failures must not reduce the integrity of the propulsion system below acceptable levels.
Sprejeti je treba projektivne varnostne ukrepe za čim večje zmanjšanje nevarnosti, ki jih za zrakoplov in osebe v njem predstavljajo razumno verjetna tveganja, vključno s tveganji za varnost informacij, tako znotraj kot tudi zunaj zrakoplova, med drugim ukrepe za zaščito pred možnostjo večje odpovedi ali motnje delovanja katere koli nenameščene opreme.
All necessary instructions, information and requirements for the safe and correct interface between the propulsion system and the aircraft must be promulgated.
Nenameščena oprema
Systems and equipment (other than non-installed equipment):
Nenameščena oprema mora zagotavljati svojo varnostno funkcijo ali funkcijo, pomembno za varnost, kot je predvideno v vseh predvidljivih pogojih delovanja, razen če je navedeno funkcijo mogoče zagotoviti tudi z drugimi sredstvi.
The aircraft must not have design features or details that experience has shown to be hazardous.
Nenameščeno opremo mora biti mogoče uporabljati brez izjemne spretnosti ali moči.
The aircraft, including those systems, and equipment required for the assessment of the type design, or by operating rules, must function as intended under any foreseeable operating conditions, throughout and sufficiently beyond, the operational envelope of the aircraft, taking due account of the system or equipment operating environment.
Nenameščena oprema, ne glede na to, ali deluje pravilno ali ne, ne sme zmanjšati varnosti in ne sme ogrožati pravilnega delovanja druge opreme, sistema ali naprave.
Other systems or equipment not required for type-certification, or by operating rules, whether functioning properly or improperly, must not reduce safety and must not adversely affect the proper functioning of any other system or equipment.
Stalna plovnost
Systems and equipment must be operable without needing exceptional skill or strength.
Da bi zagotovili ohranitev plovnostnega standarda za določen tip zrakoplova in vse pripadajoče dele med celotno obratovalno dobo zrakoplova, je treba pripraviti in dati na voljo vse dokumente, tudi navodila za stalno plovnost, ki so za to potrebni.
The aircraft systems and equipment, considered separately and in relation to each other, must be designed such that any catastrophic failure condition does not result from a single failure not shown to be extremely improbable and an inverse relationship must exist between the probability of a failure condition and the severity of its effect on the aircraft and its occupants.
Zagotoviti je treba sredstva, ki omogočajo inšpekcijske preglede, nastavitev, mazanje, odstranitev ali zamenjavo delov in nenameščene opreme, če je to potrebno za zagotovitev stalne plovnosti.
With respect to the single failure criterion above, it is accepted that due allowance must be made for the size and broad configuration of the aircraft and that this may prevent this single failure criterion from being met for some parts and some systems on helicopters and small aeroplanes.
Navodila za stalno plovnost morajo biti v obliki priročnika ali priročnikov, kot je ustrezno glede na količino podatkov, ki jih je treba zagotoviti.
Information needed for the safe conduct of the flight and information concerning unsafe conditions must be provided to the crew or maintenance personnel, as appropriate, in a clear, consistent and unambiguous manner.
Priročniki morajo obsegati navodila za vzdrževanje in popravilo, informacije o servisiranju, postopke za odpravljanje napak ter postopke inšpekcijskih pregledov v obliki, ki omogoča praktično uporabo.
Systems, equipment and controls, including signs and announcements must be designed and located to minimise errors which could contribute to the creation of hazards.
Navodila za stalno plovnost morajo vsebovati plovnostne omejitve, ki določajo čas obvezne zamenjave, intervale med inšpekcijskimi pregledi in s tem povezane postopke inšpekcijskih pregledov.
Design precautions must be taken to minimise the hazards to the aircraft and occupants from reasonably probable threats, including information security threats, both inside and external to the aircraft, including protecting against the possibility of a significant failure in, or disruption of, any non-installed equipment.
PLOVNOSTNI VIDIKI DELOVANJA IZDELKA
Non-installed equipment
Dokazati je treba, da je bilo za zagotovitev varnosti oseb v zrakoplovu ali na tleh v času delovanja izdelka obravnavano naslednje:
Non-installed equipment must perform its safety function or function relevant for safety as intended under any foreseeable operating conditions unless that function can also be performed by other means.
določiti je treba vrste operacij, za katere je zrakoplov potrjen, ter omejitve in informacije, potrebne za varno delovanje, vključno z okoljskimi omejitvami in okoljsko uspešnostjo;
Non-installed equipment must be operable without needing exceptional skill or strength.
zrakoplov mora biti mogoče varno upravljati in manevrirati z njim v vseh predvidljivih pogojih delovanja, tudi po odpovedi enega ali, če je ustrezno, več pogonskih sistemov, pri čemer je treba upoštevati velikost in konfiguracijo zrakoplova.
Non-installed equipment, whether functioning properly or improperly, must not reduce safety and must not adversely affect the proper functioning of any other equipment, system or appliance.
Upoštevati je treba moč pilota, ureditev pilotske kabine, delovno obremenitev pilota in druge človeške dejavnike ter fazo leta in njegovo trajanje;
Continuing airworthiness
iz ene faze leta v drugo mora biti mogoče gladko prehajati, ne da bi bili v katerem koli od verjetnih pogojev delovanja za to potrebni izjemna spretnost pilotiranja, zbranost, moč ali delovna obremenitev;
All necessary documents including instructions for continuing airworthiness must be established and made available to ensure that the airworthiness standard related to the aircraft type and any associated part is maintained throughout the operational life of the aircraft.
zrakoplov mora biti dovolj stabilen, da pilot glede na fazo leta in njegovo trajanje ni preobremenjen;
Means must be provided to allow inspection, adjustment, lubrication, removal or replacement of parts and non-installed equipment as necessary for continuing airworthiness.
določiti je treba postopke za običajne operacije, primere odpovedi in izredne razmere;
The instructions for continuing airworthiness must be in the form of a manual, or manuals, as appropriate for the quantity of data to be provided.
poskrbeti je treba za opozorila ali druga odvračalna sredstva, s katerimi se prepreči preseganje običajne obremenitvene ovojnice, kot je ustrezno za posamezen tip zrakoplova;
The manuals must cover maintenance and repair instructions, servicing information, trouble-shooting and inspection procedures, in a format that provides for a practical arrangement.
lastnosti zrakoplova in njegovih sistemov morajo biti takšne, da omogočajo varen izhod iz skrajnih točk obremenitvene ovojnice, v katerih se lahko znajde zrakoplov.
The instructions for continuing airworthiness must contain airworthiness limitations that set forth each mandatory replacement time, inspection interval and related inspection procedure.
Članom posadke morajo biti na voljo operativne omejitve in druge informacije, ki so potrebne za varno delovanje.
AIRWORTHINESS ASPECTS OF PRODUCT OPERATION
Delovanje izdelkov mora biti zavarovano pred nevarnostmi, ki so posledica neugodnih zunanjih in notranjih pogojev, vključno z okoljskimi pogoji.
The following must be shown to have been addressed to ensure safety for those on board or on the ground during the operation of the product:
Zlasti – in kot je ustrezno za vrsto operacije – ne sme priti do nobenih nevarnih razmer zaradi izpostavljenosti pojavom, kot so med drugim neugodno vreme, strele, trki s pticami, polja z visokofrekvenčnim sevanjem, ozon itd., ki jih je ob upoštevanju velikosti in konfiguracije zrakoplova mogoče razumno pričakovati med delovanjem izdelka
the kinds of operation for which the aircraft is approved must be established and limitations and information necessary for safe operation, including environmental limitations and performance, must be established;
Potniške kabine morajo, kot je ustrezno za vrsto operacij, potnikom zagotavljati ustrezne potovalne pogoje in ustrezno zaščito pred vsemi pričakovanimi nevarnostmi, do katerih lahko pride med letalskimi operacijami ali zaradi izrednih razmer, vključno z nevarnostjo požara, dima, strupenih plinov in hitrega padca tlaka, pri čemer je treba upoštevati velikost in konfiguracijo zrakoplova.
the aircraft must be safely controllable and manoeuvrable under all anticipated operating conditions including following the failure of one or, if appropriate, more propulsion systems, taking into account the size and configuration of the aircraft.
Poskrbeti je treba, da imajo potniki vse razumne možnosti, da se izognejo resnim poškodbam in hitro zapustijo zrakoplov, ter da so varni pred učinki sil pojemka v primeru zasilnega pristanka na kopnem ali na vodi.
Due account must be taken of pilot strength, flight deck environment, pilot workload and other human-factor considerations and of the phase of flight and its duration;
Zagotoviti je treba jasne in nedvoumne oznake ali obvestila, da bi osebe na krovu informirali o ustreznem varnem vedenju, mestih, na katerih se nahaja varnostna oprema, in njeni pravilni uporabi.
it must be possible to make a smooth transition from one flight phase to another without requiring exceptional piloting skill, alertness, strength or workload under any probable operating condition;
Zahtevana varnostna oprema mora biti zlahka dostopna.
the aircraft must have such stability as to ensure that the demands made on the pilot are not excessive taking into account the phase of flight and its duration;
Prostori za posadko morajo biti, kot je ustrezno za vrsto operacij, urejeni tako, da omogočajo lažje izvajanje letalskih operacij, tudi z omogočanjem situacijskega zavedanja, ter obvladovanje vseh predvidljivih okoliščin in izrednih razmer.
procedures for normal operations, failure and emergency conditions must be established;
Prostori za posadko s svojo ureditvijo ne smejo ogrožati sposobnosti posadke, da opravlja svoje naloge, zasnovani pa morajo biti tako, da onemogočajo motnje med operacijami in napačno uporabo krmil.
warnings or other deterrents intended to prevent exceedance of the normal flight envelope, must be provided, as appropriate to the aircraft type;
ORGANIZACIJE (VKLJUČNO S FIZIČNIMI OSEBAMI, KI SE UKVARJAJO S PROJEKTIRANJEM, PROIZVODNJO, ZAGOTAVLJANJEM STALNE PLOVNOSTI ALI VZDRŽEVANJEM)
the characteristics of the aircraft and its systems must allow a safe return from extremes of the flight envelope that may be encountered.
Kot je ustrezno za vrsto dejavnosti, se organizacijam izdajo odobritve, ko so izpolnjeni naslednji pogoji:
The operating limitations and other information necessary for safe operation must be made available to the crew members.
organizacija mora imeti na voljo potreba vsa sredstva za izvedbo dela v predvidenem obsegu.