natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Open digestate, no off-gas combustion
E = skupne emisije zaradi proizvodnje bioplina ali biometana pred pretvorbo energije;
Open digestate, off-gas combustion
Sn = delež surovine n, v deležu vnosa v digestor;
Close digestate, no off-gas combustion
e ec,n = emisije zaradi ekstrakcije ali pridelave surovine n;
Close digestate, off-gas combustion
e td,surovina,n = emisije iz prevoza surovine n v digestor;
BIOMETHANE – MIXTURES OF MANURE AND MAIZE
e l,n = letne emisije zaradi sprememb zalog ogljika, ki nastanejo zaradi spremembe rabe zemljišča, za surovino n;
B. METHODOLOGY
e sca = prihranki emisij zaradi izboljšanega kmetijskega upravljanja s surovino n (*);
Greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of biomass fuels, shall be calculated as follows:
e td,proizvod = emisije zaradi prevoza in distribucije bioplina in/ali biometana;
Greenhouse gas emissions from the production and use of biomass fuels before conversion into electricity, heating and cooling, shall be calculated as:
e u = emisije pri uporabi goriv, tj. toplogredni plini, oddani med zgorevanjem;
Where
Za esca se pripiše dodatna vrednost 45 gCO2ekv/ MJ gnoja za izboljšano kmetijstvo in ravnanje z gnojem, če se kot substrat za proizvodnjo bioplina in biometana uporablja živalski gnoj.
E = total emissions from the production of the fuel before energy conversion;
Emisije toplogrednih plinov zaradi uporabe biomasnih goriv za proizvodnjo električne energije ter energije za ogrevanje in hlajenje, vključno s pretvorbo energije v proizvedeno električno energijo in/ali energijo za ogrevanje ali hlajenje, se izračunajo:
e ec = emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials;
E = skupne emisije toplogrednih plinov goriva pred končno pretvorbo;
e l = annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change;
η el = električni izkoristek, opredeljen kot letno proizvedena električna energija, deljena z letnim vložkom goriva na podlagi njegove energijske vsebnosti;
e p = emissions from processing;
η h = toplotni izkoristek, opredeljen kot letno proizvedena koristna toplota, deljena z letnim vložkom goriva na podlagi njegove energijske vsebnosti;
e td = emissions from transport and distribution;
η el = električni izkoristek, opredeljen kot letno proizvedena električna energija, deljena z letnim vnosom energije na podlagi njegove energijske vsebnosti;
e u = emissions from the fuel in use;
η h = toplotni izkoristek, opredeljen kot letno proizvedena koristna toplota, deljena z letnim vnosom energije na podlagi njegove energijske vsebnosti;
e sca = emission savings from soil carbon accumulation via improved agricultural management;
T 0 = temperatura okolice, nastavljena na 273,15 kelvina (= 0 °C).
e ccs = emission savings from CO2 capture and geological storage; and
„soproizvodnja“ pomeni hkratno proizvodnjo toplotne energije ter električne energije in/ali mehanične energije v enem procesu;
e ccr = emission savings from CO2 capture and replacement.
Emisije toplogrednih plinov iz biomasnih goriv se izrazijo:
In the case of co-digestion of different substrates in a biogas plant for the production of biogas or biomethane, the typical and default values of greenhouse gas emissions shall be calculated as:
emisije toplogrednih plinov zaradi biomasnih goriv (E) v gramih ekvivalenta CO2 na MJ biomasnega goriva, gCO2ekv/MJ;
E = greenhouse gas emissions per MJ biogas or biomethane produced from co-digestion of the defined mixture of substrates
emisije toplogrednih plinov zaradi biomasnih goriv za proizvodnjo energije za ogrevanje ali električne energije (EC) v gramih ekvivalenta CO2 na MJ končnega energenta (toplota ali električna energija), gCO2ekv/MJ.
S n = Share of feedstock n in energy content
Če se energija za ogrevanje in hlajenje proizvaja v soproizvodnji z električno energijo, se emisije porazdelijo med toploto in električno energijo (kot v točki 1(d)) ne glede na to, ali se toplota dejansko uporablja za ogrevanje ali hlajenje.
E n = Emission in g CO2/MJ for pathway n as provided in Part D of this Annex (*)
Če se emisije toplogrednih plinov zaradi ekstrakcije ali pridelave surovin e ec izražajo v enoti gCO2ekv/tono suhe snovi surovine, se pretvorba v grame ekvivalenta CO2 na MJ goriva, gCO2ekv/MJ, izračuna na naslednji način:
P n = energy yield [MJ] per kilogram of wet input of feedstock n (**)
Prihranki emisij toplogrednih plinov zaradi uporabe biomasnih goriv se izračunajo:
W n = weighting factor of substrate n defined as:
prihranki emisij toplogrednih plinov zaradi uporabe biomasnih goriv, ki se uporabljajo kot goriva, namenjena uporabi v prometu:
I n = Annual input to digester of substrate n [tonne of fresh matter]
E B = skupne emisije zaradi biomasnih goriv, ki se uporabijo kot goriva, namenjena uporabi v prometu, ter
AM n = Average annual moisture of substrate n [kg water/kg fresh matter]
E F(t) = skupne emisije zaradi primerjalnika za fosilna goriva za uporabo v prometu;
SM n = Standard moisture for substrate n (***).
prihranki emisij toplogrednih plinov zaradi uporabe biomasnih goriv za proizvodnjo energije za ogrevanje in hlajenje ter električne energije:
For animal manure used as substrate, a bonus of 45 g CO2eq/MJ manure (– 54 kg CO2eq/t fresh matter) is added for improved agricultural and manure management.
EC B(h&c,el) = skupne emisije zaradi proizvodnje toplote ali električne energije;
The following values of Pn shall be used for calculating typical and default values:
Emisije, ki nastanejo pri ekstrakciji, pridobivanju ali pridelavi surovin (eec), vključujejo emisije pri samem procesu ekstrakcije, pridobivanja ali pridelave; pri zbiranju, sušenju in skladiščenju surovin; iz odpadkov in iztekanj (uhajanj) ter pri proizvodnji kemikalij ali proizvodov, ki se uporabljajo pri ekstrakciji ali pridelavi.
P(Maize): 4,16 [MJbiogas/kg wet maize @ 65 % moisture]
Namesto uporabe dejanskih vrednosti se lahko za ocenjene emisije iz pridelave kmetijske biomase uporabijo ocene na podlagi regionalnih povprečnih vrednosti za emisije iz pridelave, vključenih v poročilih iz člena 31(4) te direktive, ali informacij o emisijah iz razčlenjenih privzetih vrednosti za emisije iz pridelave, zajetih v tej prilogi.
P(Manure): 0,50 [MJbiogas/kg wet manure @ 90 % moisture]
Kot druga možnost namesto uporabe dejanskih vrednosti se lahko uporabijo ocene emisij iz pridelave in pridobivanja gozdne biomase na podlagi povprečnih emisij iz pridelave in pridobivanja, izračunanih za geografska območja na nacionalni ravni.
P(Biowaste) 3,41 [MJbiogas/kg wet biowaste @ 76 % moisture]
Za izračun iz točke 1(a) se prihranki emisij zaradi izboljšav v kmetijstvu (esca), npr. prehoda na zmanjšano obdelavo tal ali na način brez predhodne obdelave tal, boljšega kolobarjenja, uporabe pokrovnih poljščin, vključno z ravnanjem z ostanki kmetijskih pridelkov, uporabe organskih izboljševalcev tal (npr. kompost, digestat fermentacije gnoja) upoštevajo samo, če se trdno in na preverljiv način dokaže, da se je količina ogljika v tleh povečala ali da je mogoče razumno domnevati, da se je povečala v obdobju pridelave zadevnih surovin, pri čemer se upoštevajo emisije, kjer so take prakse povzročile povečanje uporabe gnojil in herbicidov.
The following values of the standard moisture for substrate SMn shall be used:
Letne emisije, ki nastanejo zaradi sprememb zalog ogljika na podlagi spremenjene rabe zemljišča (el), se izračunajo z enakomerno porazdelitvijo skupnih emisij na dobo 20 let.
SM(Maize): 0,65 [kg water/kg fresh matter]
Za izračun teh emisij se uporabi naslednje pravilo:
SM(Manure): 0,90 [kg water/kg fresh matter]
e l = letne emisije toplogrednih plinov, ki nastanejo zaradi sprememb zalog ogljika na podlagi spremenjene rabe zemljišča (merjene kot masa ekvivalenta CO2 na enoto energije biomasnega goriva).
SM(Biowaste): 0,76 [kg water/kg fresh matter]
CS R = zaloga ogljika na enoto površine, povezana z referenčno rabo zemljišča (merjena kot masa (v tonah) ogljika na enoto površine, vključno z zemljo in vegetacijo).
In the case of co-digestion of n substrates in a biogas plant for the production of electricity or biomethane, actual greenhouse gas emissions of biogas and biomethane are calculated as follows:
Referenčna raba zemljišča je raba zemljišča januarja 2008 oziroma 20 let pred pridobitvijo surovine, kar koli je pozneje;
E = total emissions from the production of the biogas or biomethane before energy conversion;
CS A = zaloga ogljika na enoto površine, povezana z dejansko rabo zemljišča (merjena kot masa (v tonah) ogljika na enoto površine, vključno z zemljo in vegetacijo).
S n = Share of feedstock n, in fraction of input to the digester;
P = produktivnost pridelka (merjena kot energija iz biomasnega goriva na enoto površine na leto) in
e ec,n = emissions from the extraction or cultivation of feedstock n;
e B = dodatna vrednost 29 gCO2ekv/MJ biomasnega goriva, če je biomasa pridobljena na saniranem degradiranem zemljišču pod pogoji iz točke 8.
e td,feedstock,n = emissions from transport of feedstock n to the digester;
zadevno zemljišče januarja 2008 ni bilo rabljeno v kmetijske ali druge namene in
e l,n = annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change, for feedstock n;
V skladu s točko 10 dela C Priloge V te direktive se kot izhodišče za izračun zalog ogljika v zemljišču uporabljajo Sklep Komisije 2010/355/EU, v katerem so določene smernice za izračun zalog ogljika v zemljišču v zvezi s to direktivo, na podlagi smernic IPCC iz leta 2006 za nacionalne evidence toplogrednih plinov, zvezek 4, ter v skladu z uredbama (EU) št. 525/2013 in (EU) 2018/841.
e sca = emission savings from improved agricultural management of feedstock n (*);
Emisije, ki nastajajo pri predelavi (ep), vključujejo emisije iz same predelave; iz odpadkov in iztekanj (uhajanj) ter proizvodnje kemikalij ali proizvodov, ki se uporabljajo v predelavi, vključno z emisijami CO2, ki ustrezajo vsebnosti ogljika v fosilnih gorivih, ne glede na njihovo morebitno izgorevanje v tem procesu.
e td,product = emissions from transport and distribution of biogas and/or biomethane;
Pri upoštevanju porabe električne energije, ki se ne proizvede v okviru obrata za proizvodnjo goriva iz trdne ali plinaste biomase, se predpostavi, da je intenzivnost emisij toplogrednih plinov pri proizvodnji in distribuciji te električne energije enaka povprečni intenzivnosti emisij proizvodnje in distribucije električne energije v opredeljeni regiji.
e u = emissions from the fuel in use, that is greenhouse gases emitted during combustion;
Emisije CO2, ki nastajajo pri uporabi goriv, eu, so enake nič za biomasna goriva.
For esca a bonus of 45 g CO2eq/MJ manure shall be attributed for improved agricultural and manure management in the case animal manure is used as a substrate for the production of biogas and biomethane.
Emisije toplogrednih plinov, ki niso CO2 (CH4 in N2O) in ki nastajajo pri uporabi goriv, so zajete v faktorju eu.
Greenhouse gas emissions from the use of biomass fuels in producing electricity, heating and cooling, including the energy conversion to electricity and/or heat or cooling produced, shall be calculated as follows:
Prihranki emisij, ki nastanejo zaradi zajema in geološkega shranjevanja CO2, eccs, ki še niso bili upoštevani v ep, so omejeni na emisije, ki se preprečijo z zajemom in shranjevanjem oddanega CO2, neposredno povezanega z ekstrakcijo, prevozom, predelavo in distribucijo biomasnega goriva, če je shranjeno v skladu z Direktivo 2009/31/ES.
E = Total greenhouse gas emissions of the fuel before end-conversion.
Prihranki emisij iz zajema in nadomestitve CO2, eccr, so neposredno povezani s proizvodnjo biomasnega goriva, h kateremu so pripisani, in se omejijo na emisije, ki se preprečijo z zajemom CO2, katerega ogljik izvira iz biomase in ki se uporabi za nadomestitev CO2, pridobljenega iz fosilnih goriv pri proizvodnji komercialnih proizvodov in storitev.
η el = The electrical efficiency, defined as the annual electricity produced divided by the annual fuel input, based on its energy content.
Če naprava za soproizvodnjo, ki zagotavlja toploto in/ali električno energijo za proces proizvodnje biomasnega goriva, za katero se izračunavajo emisije, proizvaja presežno električno energijo in/ali presežno koristno toploto, se emisije toplogrednih plinov razdelijo med električno energijo in koristno toploto v skladu s temperaturnim nivojem toplote (ki odraža koristnost (uporabnost) toplote).
η h = The heat efficiency, defined as the annual useful heat output divided by the annual fuel input, based on its energy content.
Če se v procesu proizvodnje biomasnega goriva obenem proizvede gorivo, za katero se izračunavajo emisije, in en ali več drugih proizvodov („soproizvodov“), se emisije toplogrednih plinov razdelijo med gorivo ali njegov vmesni proizvod in soproizvode sorazmerno z njihovo energijsko vsebnostjo (določeno kot kurilnost v primeru soproizvodov, ki niso električna energija in toplota).
η el = The electrical efficiency, defined as the annual electricity produced divided by the annual energy input, based on its energy content.
Intenzivnost toplogrednih plinov presežne koristne toplote ali električne energije je enaka kot intenzivnost toplogrednih plinov toplote ali električne energije, oddane v proces proizvodnje biomasnega goriva, in se ugotovi z izračunom intenzivnosti toplogrednih plinov vseh dovodov in emisij, vključno s surovinami ter emisijami CH4 in N2O, v napravo za soproizvodnjo, kotel ali drugo napravo za zagotavljanje toplote ali električne energije v proces proizvodnje biomasnega goriva, ali iz njih.
η h = The heat efficiency, defined as the annual useful heat output divided by the annual energy input, based on its energy content.
Za namene izračuna iz točke 17 so emisije, ki se razdelijo, eec + el + esca + tisti deli ep, etd, eccs, in eccr, ki potekajo do procesne stopnje, na kateri se proizvede soproizvod, in vključno s to stopnjo.
T 0 = Temperature of surroundings, set at 273,15 kelvin (equal to 0 °C).
Pri bioplinu in biometanu se za namene navedenega izračuna upoštevajo vsi soproizvodi, ki ne spadajo na področje uporabe točke 7.
‘cogeneration’ shall mean the simultaneous generation in one process of thermal energy and electricity and/or mechanical energy;
Za odpadke in ostanke se emisije ne dodelijo.
Greenhouse gas emissions from biomass fuels shall be expressed as follows:
Pri biomasnih gorivih, ki se proizvajajo v rafinerijah, razen kombinacije obratov za predelavo s kotli ali napravami za soproizvodnjo, ki obratu za predelavo zagotavljajo toploto in/ali električno energijo, je za namene izračuna iz točke 17 enota za analizo rafinerija.
greenhouse gas emissions from biomass fuels, E, shall be expressed in terms of grams of CO2 equivalent per MJ of biomass fuel, g CO2eq/MJ;
Za biomasna goriva, ki se uporabljajo v proizvodnji električne energije, je za namene izračuna iz točke 3 primerjalnik za fosilna goriva ECF(el) 183 gCO2ekv/MJ električne energije ali 212 gCO2ekv/MJ električne energije za najbolj oddaljene regije.
greenhouse gas emissions from heating or electricity, produced from biomass fuels, EC, shall be expressed in terms of grams of CO2 equivalent per MJ of final energy commodity (heat or electricity), g CO2eq/MJ.
Za biomasna goriva, ki se uporabljajo v proizvodnji koristne toplote ter energije za ogrevanje in/ali hlajenje, je za namene izračuna iz točke 3 primerjalnik za fosilna goriva ECF(h) 80 gCO2ekv/MJ toplote.
When heating and cooling are co-generated with electricity, emissions shall be allocated between heat and electricity (as under point 1(d)), irrespective if the heat is used for actual heating purposes or for cooling.
Za biomasna goriva, ki se uporabljajo v proizvodnji koristne toplote, pri kateri je mogoče dokazati neposredno fizično substitucijo premoga, je za namene izračuna iz točke 3 primerjalnik za fosilna goriva ECF(h) 124 gCO2ekv/MJ toplote.
Where the greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials eec are expressed in unit g CO2eq/dry-ton of feedstock, the conversion to grams of CO2 equivalent per MJ of fuel, g CO2eq /MJ, shall be calculated as follows:
Za biomasna goriva, ki se uporabljajo kot goriva, namenjena uporabi v prometu, je za namene izračuna iz točke 3 primerjalnik za fosilna goriva ECF(e) 94 gCO2ekv/MJ.
Greenhouse gas emissions savings from biomass fuels shall be calculated as follows:
C. RAZČLENJENE PRIVZETE VREDNOSTI ZA BIOMASNA GORIVA
greenhouse gas emissions savings from biomass fuels used as transport fuels:
Lesni briketi ali peleti
E B = total emissions from biomass fuels used as transport fuels; and
Emisije toplogrednih plinov – tipična vrednost
E F(t) = total emissions from the fossil fuel comparator for transport
Pridelava
greenhouse gas emissions savings from heat and cooling, and electricity being generated from biomass fuels:
Predelava
EC B(h&c,el) = total emissions from the heat or electricity,
Prevoz
Emissions from the extraction, harvesting or cultivation of raw materials, eec, shall include emissions from the extraction, harvesting or cultivation process itself; from the collection, drying and storage of raw materials; from waste and leakages; and from the production of chemicals or products used in extraction or cultivation.
Emisije, ki nastanejo pri uporabi goriva in niso CO2
Estimates of emissions from agriculture biomass cultivation may be derived from the regional averages for cultivation emissions included in the reports referred to in Article 31(4) of this Directive or the information on the disaggregated default values for cultivation emissions included in this Annex, as an alternative to using actual values.
Lesni sekanci iz gozdnih ostankov
Estimates of emissions from cultivation and harvesting of forestry biomass may be derived from the use of averages for cultivation and harvesting emissions calculated for geographical areas at national level, as an alternative to using actual values.
Lesni sekanci iz SRC (evkaliptus)
For the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 1(a), emission savings from improved agriculture management, esca, such as shifting to reduced or zero-tillage, improved crop/rotation, the use of cover crops, including crop residue management, and the use of organic soil improver (e.g. compost, manure fermentation digestate), shall be taken into account only if solid and verifiable evidence is provided that the soil carbon has increased or that it is reasonable to expect to have increased over the period in which the raw materials concerned were cultivated while taking into account the emissions where such practices lead to increased fertiliser and herbicide use.
Lesni sekanci iz SRC (topol – z gnojenjem)
Annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change, el, shall be calculated by dividing total emissions equally over 20 years.
Lesni sekanci iz SRC (topol – brez gnojenja)
For the calculation of those emissions the following rule shall be applied:
Lesni sekanci iz hlodovine
e l = annualised greenhouse gas emissions from carbon stock change due to land-use change (measured as mass of CO2-equivalent per unit biomass fuel energy).
Lesni sekanci iz ostankov iz lesne industrije
CS R = the carbon stock per unit area associated with the reference land use (measured as mass (tonnes) of carbon per unit area, including both soil and vegetation).
Prevoz in distribucija
The reference land use shall be the land use in January 2008 or 20 years before the raw material was obtained, whichever was the later;
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz gozdnih ostankov (primer 1)
CS A = the carbon stock per unit area associated with the actual land use (measured as mass (tonnes) of carbon per unit area, including both soil and vegetation).
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz gozdnih ostankov (primer 2a)
P = the productivity of the crop (measured as biomass fuel energy per unit area per year); and
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz gozdnih ostankov (primer 3a)
e B = bonus of 29 g CO2eq/MJ biomass fuel if biomass is obtained from restored degraded land under the conditions laid down in point 8.
Lesni briketi iz panjevcev s kratko obhodnjo
was not in use for agriculture in January 2008 or any other activity; and
(evkaliptus – primer 1)
In accordance with point 10 of Part C of Annex V to this Directive, Commission Decision 2010/335/EU, which provides for guidelines for the calculation of land carbon stocks in relation to this Directive, drawing on the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories – volume 4, and in accordance with Regulations (EU) No 525/2013 and (EU) 2018/841, shall serve as the basis for the calculation of land carbon stocks.
(evkaliptus – primer 2a)
Emissions from processing, ep, shall include emissions from the processing itself; from waste and leakages; and from the production of chemicals or products used in processing, including the CO2 emissions corresponding to the carbon contents of fossil inputs, whether or not actually combusted in the process.
(evkaliptus – primer 3a)
In accounting for the consumption of electricity not produced within the solid or gaseous biomass fuel production plant, the greenhouse gas emissions intensity of the production and distribution of that electricity shall be assumed to be equal to the average emission intensity of the production and distribution of electricity in a defined region.
(topol, z gnojenjem, primer 1)
Emissions of CO2 from fuel in use, eu, shall be taken to be zero for biomass fuels.
(topol, z gnojenjem, primer 2a)
Emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases (CH4 and N2O) from the fuel in use shall be included in the eu factor.
(topol, z gnojenjem, primer 3a)
Emission savings from CO2 capture and geological storage, eccs, that have not already been accounted for in ep, shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture and storage of emitted CO2 directly related to the extraction, transport, processing and distribution of biomass fuel if stored in compliance with Directive 2009/31/EC.
(topol, brez gnojenja, primer 1)
Emission savings from CO2 capture and replacement, eccr, shall be related directly to the production of biomass fuel they are attributed to, and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of CO2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil-derived CO2 in production of commercial products and services.
(topol, brez gnojenja, primer 2a)
Where a cogeneration unit – providing heat and/or electricity to a biomass fuel production process for which emissions are being calculated – produces excess electricity and/or excess useful heat, the greenhouse gas emissions shall be divided between the electricity and the useful heat according to the temperature of the heat (which reflects the usefulness (utility) of the heat).
(topol, brez gnojenja, primer 3a)
Where a biomass fuel production process produces, in combination, the fuel for which emissions are being calculated and one or more other products (‘co-products’), greenhouse gas emissions shall be divided between the fuel or its intermediate product and the co-products in proportion to their energy content (determined by lower heating value in the case of co-products other than electricity and heat).
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz hlodovine (primer 1)
The greenhouse gas intensity of excess useful heat or excess electricity is the same as the greenhouse gas intensity of heat or electricity delivered to the biomass fuel production process and is determined from calculating the greenhouse gas intensity of all inputs and emissions, including the feedstock and CH4 and N2O emissions, to and from the cogeneration unit, boiler or other apparatus delivering heat or electricity to the biomass fuel production process.
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz hlodovine (primer 2a)
For the purposes of the calculations referred to in point 17, the emissions to be divided shall be eec + el + esca + those fractions of ep, etd, eccs and eccr that take place up to and including the process step at which a co-product is produced.
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz hlodovine (primer 3a)
In the case of biogas and biomethane, all co-products that do not fall under the scope of point 7 shall be taken into account for the purposes of that calculation.
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz ostankov iz lesne industrije (primer 1)
No emissions shall be allocated to wastes and residues.
Lesni briketi ali peleti iz ostankov iz lesne industrije (primer 2a)