natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Sales volumes were generally stable in the period 2013-2017 or, in some cases, slightly increased but, except for three product categories, they did not increase as much as EU consumption.
V prvem četrtletju leta 2018, tj. pred uvedbo ukrepov v ZDA, se je uvoz v Unijo v primerjavi s prvim četrtletjem leta 2017 že povečal za kategorijo izdelkov 1, to povečanje pa je predvsem posledica uvoza iz Turčije.
Production levels generally increased for 18 out of 23 of the individual products, as well as capacity utilisation rates.
Tveganje za nastanek resne škode
In terms of prices, there was a significant price decrease for each product (except for one product that was subject to anti-dumping duties in the form of a minimum import price) in the period 2013-2016.
Komisija je v svojem sporočilu o jeklarski industriji iz marca 2016 ugotovila, da se jeklarska industrija Unije sooča s številnimi resnimi izzivi, ki so jih povzročile presežne zmogljivosti na svetovni ravni, močno povečanje svetovnega izvoza in doslej največji val nepoštenih trgovinskih praks.
For 16 products the price level remained lower in 2017 than in 2013.
Skupno je trenutno v veljavi 19 protidampinških in protisubvencijskih ukrepov proti nelojalnemu uvozu 14 kategorij izdelkov v preiskavi iz različnih držav.
It should be noted that average import price levels were almost systematically lower than Union prices for all years, and for all product categories.
V obdobju preiskave, tj. 2013–2017, je bilo v 13 novih preiskavah ugotovljeno, da je industrija jekla v EU utrpela (oziroma v enem primeru je obstajalo tveganje za to) materialno škodo zaradi nepoštenih trgovinskih praks.
As far as profit is concerned, all product categories were sold at a loss or at a much reduced profit until 2016.
Kot je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 55, je industrija Unije še vedno v občutljivem položaju in ranljiva za nadaljnje povečanje uvoza.
Only 7 products could recover to a level of profit above 6 % in 2017.
Nedavna odločitev ZDA, da izvoza iz EU ne bo izključila s področja uporabe ukrepov na podlagi oddelka 232, bo verjetno zmanjšala možnosti proizvajalcev v Uniji, da svoje izdelke izvažajo v ZDA, njihov položaj pa bo postal še bolj občutljiv.
These products are significant in terms of EU production volume and six of them are currently subject to (recent) anti-dumping or countervailing duty measures.
Jeklarska industrija Unije se dejansko še vedno šteje za ranljivo na nadaljnja povečanja uvoza.
Note that these measures concern only some countries of origin.
Brez začasnih zaščitnih ukrepov je verjetno, da bo v bližnji prihodnosti nastala dejanska resna škoda.
All other products remained either loss making (3 products) or only close to break-even (13 products).
V zvezi s tem je Komisija v skladu s členom 9(2) Uredbe (EU) 2015/478 in členom 6(3) Uredbe (EU) 2015/755 proučila stopnjo povečanja izvoza v Unijo in verjetnost, da se razpoložljive zmogljivosti uporabijo za izvoz v Unijo.
It is considered that the level profit below 6 % is insufficient to cover the investments needed to sustain the activity, as, in the majority of the recent investigations, the Commission has used a level of around 8 % profit as a sufficient profit level in this sector in order to cover investments.
Prvič, kot je bilo ugotovljeno zgoraj, se je uvoz v Unijo v obdobju 2013–2017 znatno povečal, in sicer za skupaj 68 %.
As for cash flow, for half of the products the cash flow deteriorated in 2013-2017 and for 6 products the cash flow was even negative in 2017.
Medtem ko je bilo to povečanje izrazito zlasti do leta 2016, se je uvoz v naslednjem obdobju še naprej povečeval, čeprav počasneje.
The return on capital employed (ROCE) remained low in the period 2013-2016, but subsequently improved for a large majority of the product categories, even though for 5 products the ROCE was still negative in 2017.
Drugič, glede na presežne zmogljivosti v različnih državah se pričakuje, da bodo omejevalni ukrepi ZDA na podlagi oddelka 232 zaradi svoje ravni in obsega verjetno povzročili precejšnjo preusmeritev trgovine z izdelki iz jekla v Unijo.
In terms of stocks, the stocks increased for 17 product categories.
ZDA so napovedale, da bodo zmanjšale uvoz za približno 13 milijonov ton, zato so marca 2018 uvedle dodatno uvozno dajatev v višini 25 % na uvoz zelo velikega števila izdelkov iz jekla.
Only the stocks of 5 product categories decreased and for one product category it remained at the same level during the period.
Jeklo, ki ne bo več izvoženo v ZDA, bo neizogibno preusmerjeno v druge tretje države.
The above analysis corroborates that the situation of the Union steel industry deteriorated significantly in the period 2013-2016.
Nekatere od glavnih izvoznic v ZDA so tudi tradicionalne dobaviteljice jekla v Unijo.
This materialised by a decrease in market shares, and by a significant price depression which prevented the industry from benefiting from lower raw material costs.
Bolj verjetno je, da bodo te in tudi druge države v veliki meri pripravljene preusmeriti svoj izvoz v Unijo.
These trends existed both at a global and individual product level.
Trg Unije je zaradi povpraševanja in cen na splošno zares zelo privlačen za izdelke iz jekla.
The situation partially recovered in 2017.
EU je za Kitajsko, vendar pred ZDA, eden od glavnih trgov za jeklo, na katerem se je povpraševanje v zadnjih letih povečalo, cene pa so si prav tako opomogle.
Globally, and for individual product categories, it is therefore considered that the Union industry is still in a fragile situation and vulnerable to further increase in imports, in particular if imports from countries subject to trade defence measures are replaced by other imports diverted from the U.S. market as a result of the Section 232 action.
Sklepne ugotovitve
This is, for example, typically the case for product categories 1, 2 and 4, which are important in terms of Union demand but also because these product categories (in particular categories 1 and 2) are used as raw material to produce other steel products.
V teh okoliščinah in na podlagi navedenega se predhodno ugotavlja, da si je jeklarska industrija Unije leta 2017 na področju nekaterih kategorij izdelkov sicer opomogla, zlasti zaradi ukrepov trgovinske zaščite, za večino kategorij izdelkov v ocenjevanju pa je finančno stanje še vedno precej pod vzdržno ravnjo, zaradi česar je industrija Unije še vedno občutljiva na novo povečanje uvoza.
For product categories 1, 2 and 4, the financial situation was negative in 2016, but became positive in 2017 following the imposition of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measures against a number of countries like, amongst others, China and Russia.
V skladu s tem Komisija ugotavlja, da za jeklarsko industrijo v Uniji za 23 kategorij izdelkov v ocenjevanju obstaja tveganje za nastanek resne škode.
Imports from these countries have however been recently and partially replaced by imports from India, Korea and Turkey, the two latter being also significant supplier to the U.S.
VZROČNA ZVEZA
In the first quarter of 2018, i.e. before the imposition of the measures in the U.S., Union imports have already increased for product category 1 as compared to the first quarter 2017, and this increase is mainly due to imports from Turkey.
Povečanje uvoza
Threat of serious injury
Najprej je treba ponovno poudariti, da so izdelki, ki jih proizvajajo proizvajalci v Uniji, podobni ali neposredno konkurenčni zadevnim izdelkom.
In its Steel Communication of March 2016, the Commission concluded that the Union steel industry was facing a number of serious challenges, fuelled by global overcapacity, a dramatic increase of global exports, and an unprecedented wave of unfair trading practices.
Imajo enake osnovne značilnosti in enako uporabo, prodajajo se po podobnih ali enakih prodajnih poteh, po cenah pa so močno konkurenčni.
In parallel, in order to remedy the injury caused by unfair trade imports, the Union has imposed a number of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measures against imports of steel products.
Kot je pojasnjeno v oddelkih IV in VI, so proizvajalci v Uniji utrpeli škodo v smislu izgube tržnega deleža in znatnega pritiska na cene, kar je povzročilo negativno ali nevzdržno raven dobička.
In total, there are currently no less than 19 anti-dumping or anti-subsidy measures against the unfairly traded imports of 14 product categories under investigation from various countries.
Pri nekaterih izdelkih se zdi, da je resna škoda neizbežna, čeprav so si proizvajalci opomogli.
During the period under investigation, i.e. 2013-2017, 13 new investigations determined that the EU steel industry suffered (or in one case was threatened to suffer) from material injury caused by unfair trade practices.
V obdobju 2013–2017 se je uvoz zadevnega izdelka znatno povečal in zaradi cen, ki so nižje kot pri proizvajalcih iz Unije, zmanjšal tržne deleže industrije Unije.
As noted in recital (55), the Union industry is still in a fragile situation and vulnerable to a further increase in imports.
Dejansko se je tržni delež uvoza na splošno povečal z 12,2 % na 17,6 %, uvozne cene pa so za vse posamične izdelke ostale skoraj sistematično nižje od prodajnih cen industrije Unije.
The recent U.S. decision not to exclude EU exports from the scope of Section 232 measures will likely reduce the Union producers' ability to export their products to the U.S. and make their situation even more vulnerable.
Vzročna zveza med povečanim uvozom in položajem proizvajalcev v Uniji je bila še posebej izrazita v obdobju 2013–2016, ko je poceni uvoz dosegel najvišjo raven (+62 %), cene proizvajalcev v EU pa so se znižale za 15 %.
Steel imports have increased significantly, remaining at high levels in 2017.
Za kategorijo 13 je znižanje cen znašalo celo 20 %, za kategoriji 1 in 3 pa 19 % oziroma 18 %.
The further increase of imports in 2018 – in particular from those countries or exporters not subject to trade defence measures – is likely to prevent the industry from a full recovery and from benefiting from these measures.
Zato so imeli proizvajalci podobnih izdelkov v Uniji izgubo, ali pa bo bili blizu praga dobička.
The Union steel industry is indeed considered to be still vulnerable to further increases of imports.
V letu 2017 je uvoz ostal na visoki ravni in je še naprej nelojalno nižal prodajne cene kljub splošnemu povišanju cen.
In the absence of provisional safeguard measures, it is likely that the situation will develop into actual serious injury in the foreseeable future.
Cene v EU so si opomogle, vendar ne dovolj za številne izdelke, ki so se vedno prodajali z izgubo ali manjšim dobičkom.
In this context, pursuant to Article 9(2) of Regulation 2015/478 and Article 6(3) of Regulation 2015/755, the Commission has examined the rate of increase of the exports to the Union and the likelihood that available capacity is used to export into the Union.
Čeprav se je dobiček pri nekaterih kategorijah izdelkov izboljšal, je njihov položaj še vedno ranljiv.
First, as concluded above, imports into the Union increased substantially in the period 2013-2017, i.e. by 68 % globally.
Glede na gibanja v prejšnjih letih so te kategorije izdelkov posebej občutljive na pritiske na cene, vsako nadaljnje povečanje uvoza po nizkih cenah pa bi imelo znaten negativen učinek na njihov položaj.
While the increase was especially marked until 2016, imports continued to increase in the subsequent period, albeit at a slower pace.
V tem okviru se šteje, da bodo omejevalni ukrepi, ki so jih sprejele ZDA na podlagi oddelka 232 zakona o širitvi trgovine, glede na svojo raven in obseg verjetno povzročili neizbežno resno škodo proizvajalcem v Uniji.
As highlighted in recitals (37) and (82) regarding critical circumstances – imports increased again significantly, by almost 10 %, in the first quarter of 2018.
Komisija zato začasno ugotavlja, da za 23 kategorij izdelkov v ocenjevanju obstaja vzročna zveza med povečanjem uvoza, pritiskom na tržno ceno jekla v Uniji in tveganjem za nastanek resne škode za proizvajalce v Uniji.
The rate of increase of imports is therefore significant.
Drugi znani dejavniki
Second, in a situation of global overcapacity in various countries, it is expected that the restrictive U.S. Section 232 measures, given their level and scope, are likely to cause trade diversion of steel products in the Union.
Da bi proučila, ali se resne škode res ne more pripisati drugim dejavnikom kot povečanju uvoza, je Komisija izvedla predhodno analizo, da bi ugotovila, ali so k resni škodi, ki so jo utrpeli proizvajalci v Uniji, morda prispevali tudi drugi dejavniki.
The U.S. have announced their intention to decrease imports by approximately 13 million tonnes and, as a result, have imposed in March 2018 an additional import duty of 25 % against imports of a very large number of steel products.
Ugotovila je, da so presežne zmogljivosti na svetovni ravni imele določeno vlogo zaradi povečevanja poceni uvoza v Unijo.
The volume of steel that will no longer be exported to the U.S. will unavoidably be diverted to other third countries.
Potrošnja zadevnih izdelkov iz jekla se je povečala, zato ni mogla oslabiti vzročne zveze.
Some of the main exporters to the US are also traditional steel suppliers to the Union.
Komisija je proučila tudi, ali je mogoče resno škodo pripisati uvozu zadevnih izdelkov iz držav članic Evropskega gospodarskega prostora (EGP).
It is more than likely that these countries, as well as others, will to a large extent be willing to redirect their exports to the Union.
Na podlagi Sporazuma EGP med Unijo in njenimi državami članicami na eni strani ter članicami EGP (Norveška, Islandija in Lihtenštajn) na drugi strani je Unija vzpostavila tesno gospodarsko povezovanje s trgi držav EGP in industrijami zadevnih izdelkov.
The Union market is indeed generally an attractive market for steel products both in terms of demand and prices.
Industrija na teh trgih je zrela in zasičena, zato se šteje, da bo izključitev izdelkov s poreklom iz držav članic EGP iz zaščitnih ukrepov imela majhen vpliv (če sploh) na ravni uvoza izdelkov.
In fact, the EU is, after China, but before the U.S., one of the main markets for steel, where demand has increased in the last years and prices have also now recovered.
Medtem ko je uvoz nekaterih kategorij izdelkov iz teh držav dejansko prispeval k povečanju uvoza (skupni uvoz iz teh držav se je povečal za približno 9 %), pa je delež tega uvoza v celotnem uvozu omejen (delež EGP pri uvozu znaša približno 1,5 %, ustrezni tržni delež pa znaša skupaj 0,3 %).
In this context, a significant increase of supply on the Union market caused by an influx of imports will result in a general downward price pressure, resulting in price levels comparable to 2016 with significant negative consequences on the profitability of the Union steel industry.
Poleg tega so države članice EGP tradicionalno manj pomembne dobaviteljice zadevnega izdelka v ZDA, kar pomeni, da je bilo tudi tveganje preusmeritve trgovine predhodno ocenjeno za omejeno.
Conclusions
Ob upoštevanju tradicionalno manj pomembnih dobaviteljic v ZDA, zrelosti industrije na trgih EGP in povezanega omejenega tveganja preusmeritve trgovine Komisija meni, da je uvoz zadevnih izdelkov iz držav članic EGP zelo malo, če sploh, prispeval k tveganju za nastanek resne škode.
Under these circumstances, and based on the above, it is preliminary concluded that, although the Union steel industry has partially recovered for some product categories in 2017, notably due to trade defence measures, for the bulk of product categories under assessment the financial situation is still well below sustainable levels, which makes the Union industry still vulnerable to another surge of imports.
Komisija tako ni ugotovila drugih dejavnikov, ki bi lahko oslabili vzročno zvezo med povečanjem uvoza in resno škodo za proizvajalce v Uniji.
Accordingly, the Commission concludes that the Union steel industry is in a situation of threat of serious injury for the 23 product categories under assessment.
Kljub temu bo v preostanku preiskave izveden podrobnejši pregled vseh drugih dejavnikov, ki so ali bi lahko prispevali k škodi.
CAUSATION
KRITIČEN POLOŽAJ
Increase of imports
Kot je navedeno zgoraj, za proizvajalce jekla v Uniji na splošno obstaja tveganje za nastanek škode, resna škoda pa je očitno neizbežna.
The Commission has made a preliminary determination that there is a causal link between increased imports of the product under assessment on the one hand and a threat of serious injury on the other hand, on the following basis.
Za nekatere posamezne kategorije izdelkov je že mogoče sklepati na resno škodo.
It is first recalled that the products produced by the Union producers are like or directly competing with the products concerned.
Nadaljnje povečanje uvoza bo verjetno imelo znatne negativne učinke na gospodarski položaj industrije na splošno.
They have the same basic characteristics, the same uses and are sold via similar or identical sales channels and strongly compete on price.
Komisija je proučila, ali obstajajo kritične okoliščine, v katerih bi zaradi zamud nastala škoda, ki bi jo bilo težko odpraviti.
As explained in Sections IV and VI, the Union producers have suffered in terms of loss of market share and significant price pressure resulting in a negative or unsustainable level of profit.
Zlasti je preučila, ali se je uvoz v zadnjem obdobju še naprej povečeval.
For some products, even if the producers have recovered, serious injury appears to be imminent.
Na podlagi primerjave med uvozom izdelkov iz jekla v prvem četrtletju leta 2018 in prvem četrtletju leta 2017 se zdi, da se je uvoz 18 od 23 kategorij izdelkov povečal za 26 %.
In the period 2013-2017, imports of the product concerned increased significantly and took away Union market shares based on lower than EU producers' price levels.
To povečanje uvoza je bistveno večje od povečanja v obdobju 2016–2017, ki je znašalo približno 2 %.
Indeed, the market share of imports, overall, grew from 12,2 % to 17,6 % and import prices remained almost systematically lower than the Union sales prices for each individual product.
25-odstotne dajatve na izdelke iz jekla v skladu z oddelkom 232 so bile uvedene 23. marca 2018.
The causal link between the increased imports and the situation of the Union producers was especially marked in the period 2013-2016, when low priced imports peaked (+ 62 %) and EU producers' prices fell by 15 %.
Na tej stopnji ni mogoče oceniti polnega učinka ukrepov ZDA v smislu preusmeritve trgovine.
For category 13, the decrease in prices amounted even to 20 % whereas for categories 1 and 3 they were 19 % and 18 % respectively.
Vendar bi se lahko povečanje uvoza v Unijo v prvem četrtletju leta 2018 razumelo kot napoved njihovih učinkov, zato je dober pokazatelj možnega prihodnjega gibanja uvoza v Unijo po uvedbi ukrepov ZDA.
As a result, Union producers of the like products were either in a loss making situation or just close to break even.
ZDA so 30. maja 2018 sklenile tudi, da bi bilo treba ukrepe na podlagi oddelka 232 izvajati v zvezi z Unijo, Mehiko in Kanado.
In the year 2017, imports remained at a high level and continued to undercut prices, despite a general price increase.
Komisija meni, da je to še en ključen element, saj ne le omejuje izvoz iz Unije, ampak tudi povečuje tveganje preusmeritve trgovine iz drugih dveh pomembnih držav proizvajalk jekla.
EU prices recovered, but not sufficiently for a number of products which were still sold at a loss or reduced profit.
Glede na ranljiv položaj industrije in ob upoštevanju zadnjega povečanja uvoza bosta nadaljnja presežna ponudba izdelkov iz jekla na trgu Unije in posledični pritisk na cene nedvomno resno vplivala na položaj proizvajalcev v Uniji.
Even if profit recovered for some product categories, their situation is still vulnerable.
Zato Komisija meni, da zaradi resničnega tveganja preusmeritve trgovine in nadaljnjega omejevanja uvoza iz pomembnih držav proizvajalk jekla v ZDA obstajajo kritične okoliščine, v katerih bi kakršna koli zamuda pri sprejetju začasnih zaščitnih ukrepov povzročila škodo, ki bi jo bilo težko popraviti.
Indeed, based on previous years' developments, these product categories are particularly sensitive to price pressure, and any further increase of imports at low prices would have a significant negative impact on their situation.
Komisija je zato zaključila, da je treba nemudoma sprejeti začasne zaščitne ukrepe.
In this context, it is considered that the restrictive measures taken by the U.S. pursuant to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, given their level and scope, are likely to cause imminent serious injury to Union producers.
INTERES UNIJE
The Commission therefore provisionally concludes that, in relation to the 23 product categories under assessment, there is a causal link between the increase in imports, the pressure on the Union steel market price and the threat of serious injury suffered by Union producers.
V skladu s členom 16 Uredbe (EU) 2015/478 je bilo proučeno, ali kljub začasni ugotovitvi tveganja za nastanek resne škode obstajajo utemeljeni razlogi za zaključek, da sprejetje začasnih ukrepov v tem posebnem primeru ni v interesu Unije.
Other known factors
Analiza interesa Unije je temeljila na oceni vseh različnih vpletenih interesov, vključno z interesi proizvajalcev v Uniji, uvoznikov in uporabnikov.
To ensure that the serious injury is not attributable to factors other than the increase in imports, the Commission has carried out a preliminary analysis to determine whether the other factors may have contributed to the serious injury suffered by the Union producers.
Spomniti je treba, da industrija Unije nima koristi od povečanja potrošnje in da je njen gospodarski položaj še vedno občutljiv in ranljiv za nadaljnje povečanje uvoza.
The global overcapacity was found to have played a role in the sense that it boosted cheap imports into the Union.
Strateški pomen jeklarske industrije je že dolgo priznan.
Consumption for the steel products concerned increased and could therefore not weaken the causal link.
V interesu Unije je, da ima zdravo in konkurenčno jeklarsko industrijo.
The Commission also considered the attribution of serious injury due to imports of the products concerned from members of the European Economic Area (EEA).
Jasno je, da se bodo, če ne bodo sprejeti nobeni ukrepi, cene in tržni delež proizvajalcev v Uniji še zmanjšali, kar bo povzročilo zmanjšanje proizvodnje, povečanje finančnih izgub in ukinjanje delovnih mest v jeklarski industriji in v povezanih industrijah.
As a result of the EEA Agreement between the Union and its Member States, on the one hand, and members of the EEA (Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein), on the other hand, the Union has established a close economic integration with the markets of EEA countries, as well as the industries of the products concerned.
Z uvedbo začasnih zaščitnih ukrepov bo začasno mogoče odpraviti resno škodo in industriji Unije olajšati prilagoditev.
The industry in those markets is mature and saturated, due to which it is considered that the exclusion of products originating in the members of the EEA from the safeguard measures will have little (if no) impact on the import levels of the products.
Potrošniki in uvozniki si na splošno prizadevajo za najnižjo možno ceno za jeklo in jasno je, da bi bile cene brez ukrepov nižje.
Indeed, and while the imports from these countries have indeed contributed for some product categories to an increase in imports (overall imports from these countries show an increase of approximately 9 %), the share of those imports in the total imports is limited (EEA share in imports is about 1,5 %, with a corresponding market share of 0,3 % in total).
Vendar je tudi v njihovem interesu, da je jeklarska industrija Unije konkurenčna in sposobna preživetja ter da lahko zadovoljuje njihove prihodnje potrebe.
In addition, EEA members are traditionally minor suppliers of the product concerned to the U.S., which means that the risk of trade diversion has preliminarily been determined to also be limited.
V zvezi s tem več zainteresiranih strani v preiskavi trdi, da uvedba začasnih zaščitnih ukrepov ne bi bila v interesu Unije.