natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Prices and factors affecting prices
Vir: Preverjeni izpolnjeni vprašalniki vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije.
The average unit sales prices of the sampled Union producers to unrelated customers in the Union developed over the period considered as follows:
Povprečna prodajna cena na enoto v Uniji (v EUR/kos)
Table 7
Povprečni stroški na enoto (v EUR/kos)
Sales prices in the Union and cost of production
Povprečna prodajna cena na enoto se je znižala za 19 EUR, medtem ko so se stroški na enoto v istem obdobju znižali za 12 EUR.
Source: Verified questionnaire replies of sampled Union producers
To pomeni znižanje cen za 8 % v obravnavanem obdobju, medtem ko so se stroški znižali za 6 %.
Average unit sales price in the Union (EUR/item)
V obdobju preiskave so se proizvodni stroški v primerjavi z letom 2016 povečali, kar se ni moglo v celoti odražati v prodajni ceni.
Average cost of production (EUR/item)
Ločena analiza na podlagi iste metodologije, kot je opisana, je bila izvedena za vse tri razrede.
Average unit selling price decreased by 19 EUR while unit costs decreased by 12 EUR over the same period.
V prvem razredu se je povprečna prodajna cena na enoto znižala za 25 EUR, medtem ko so se stroški na enoto v istem obdobju znižali za 19 EUR.
This corresponds to a decrease of prices by 8 % over the period considered while the costs decreased by 6 %.
V obravnavanem obdobju so se prodajna cena na enoto in stroški na enoto znižali za 9 %.
During the investigation period, the cost of production increased as compared to 2016 which could not be fully reflected on the selling price.
Preglednica 8
A separate analysis based on the same methodology as described was made for the three tiers.
Prodajne cene v Uniji in proizvodni stroški – prvi razred
In tier 1, the average unit selling price decreased by 25 EUR while unit costs decreased by 19 EUR over the same period.
V drugem razredu se je povprečna prodajna cena na enoto znižala za 27 EUR, medtem ko so se stroški na enoto v istem obdobju znižali za 17 EUR.
Both decreased by 9 % over the period considered.
To pomeni znižanje povprečne cene za 12 % v obravnavanem obdobju, medtem ko so se stroški znižali za 9 %.
Sales prices in the Union and cost of production — Tier 1
Prodajne cene v Uniji in proizvodni stroški – drugi razred
In tier 2, the average unit selling price decreased by 27 EUR while unit costs decreased by 17 EUR over the same period.
Povprečna prodajna cena na enoto v Uniji na celotnem trgu (v EUR/kos)
This corresponds to a decrease of the average price by 12 % over the period considered while the costs decreased by 9 %.
V tretjem razredu se je povprečna prodajna cena na enoto znižala za 9 EUR, medtem ko so se stroški na enoto v istem obdobju zvišali za 2 EUR.
Table 9
To pomeni znižanje povprečne cene za 5 % v obravnavanem obdobju, medtem ko so se stroški zvišali za 1 %.
Sales prices in the Union and cost of production — Tier 2
Preglednica 10
Average unit sales price in the Union on the total market (EUR/item)
Prodajne cene v Uniji in proizvodni stroški – tretji razred
In tier 3, the average unit selling price decreased by 9 EUR while unit costs increased by 2 EUR over the same period.
Stroški dela
This corresponds to a decrease of the average price by 5 % over the period considered while the costs increased by 1 %.
Povprečni stroški dela vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije so se v obravnavanem obdobju gibali na naslednji način:
Sales prices in the Union and cost of production — Tier 3
Povprečni stroški dela na zaposlenega
Labour costs
Vir: Preverjeni izpolnjeni vprašalniki vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije.
The average labour costs of the sampled Union producers developed over the period considered as follows:
Povprečni stroški dela na zaposlenega (v EUR)
Table 11
Povprečni stroški dela so se v obravnavanem obdobju zvišali za 6 %.
Source: Verified questionnaire replies of sampled Union producers.
Ravni zalog vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije so se v obravnavanem obdobju gibale na naslednji način:
The average labour cost increased over the period considered by 6 %.
Končne zaloge (Indeks 2014 = 100)
Stock levels of the sampled Union producers developed over the period considered as follows:
Zaloge so se v obravnavanem obdobju povečale za 44 % in dosegle približno 9 % letne proizvodnje.
Table 12
Ta položaj negativno vpliva na finančni položaj vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije.
Closing stocks (Index 2014 = 100)
Dobičkonosnost, denarni tok, naložbe, donosnost naložb in zmožnost zbiranja kapitala
Stocks have increased by 44 % over the period considered and reached around 9 % of the yearly production.
Preglednica 13
This situation has a negative impact on the financial situation of the sampled Union producers.
Dobičkonosnost, denarni tok, naložbe in donosnost naložb
Profitability, cash flow, investments and return on investments of the sampled Union producers developed over the period considered as follows:
Denarni tok (v mio.
Profitability, cash flow, investments and return on investments
Naložbe (v mio.
Profitability of sales in the Union to unrelated customers (% of sales turnover)
EUR)
Cash flow (in million EUR)
Donosnost naložb (%)
Investments (in million EUR)
Komisija je dobičkonosnost vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije določila tako, da je neto dobiček pred obdavčitvijo pri prodaji podobnega izdelka nepovezanim strankam v Uniji izrazila kot odstotek prihodkov od te prodaje.
Return on investments (%)
Splošna dobičkonosnost se je zmanjšala s 15,6 % v letu 2014 na 13,7 % v obdobju preiskave.
The Commission established the profitability of the sampled Union producers by expressing the pre-tax net profit of the sales of the like product to unrelated customers in the Union as a percentage of the turnover of those sales.
To je bilo izračunano na podlagi ponderja vsakega razreda pri prodaji, kakor je pojasnjeno v uvodnih izjavah 161 in 162.
The overall profitability decreased from 15,6 % in 2014 to 13,7 % in the investigation period.
Zmanjšanje dobičkonosnosti za 1,9 odstotne točke je posledica tega, da so se cene (– 8 %) znižale bolj kot stroški (– 6 %).
This was calculated on the basis of the weight of each of the tiers in the sales, as explained in recitals (161) and (162).
Na skupno dobičkonosnost vpliva dobičkonosnost v prvem razredu, medtem ko je sam tretji razred v obdobju preiskave posloval z izgubo.
The decreasing profitability by 1,9 percentage points is the result of a sharper decrease in prices (– 8 %) than the decrease in costs (– 6 %).
Poleg tega se sorazmerni trend dobičkonosnosti za celotno industrijo Unije prav tako zmanjšuje.
The overall profitability is influenced by the profitability in the tier 1, whereas the tier 3 alone became loss-making during the investigation period.
Neto denarni tok pomeni zmožnost proizvajalcev Unije, da sami financirajo svoje dejavnosti.
Moreover, the relative trend in profitability for the entire Union industry is also decreasing.
Trend neto denarnega toka se je zmanjšal za 12 %.
The trend in net cash flow shows a decrease by 12 %.
Razvijala se je negativno, in sicer z 21,0 % na 17,6 % v obravnavanem obdobju.
The return on investments is the profit in percentage of the net book value of investments.
Dobičkonosnost v prvem razredu je v obravnavanem obdobju nihala.
It developed negatively from 21,0 % to 17,6 % over the period considered.
Od leta 2014 (17,9 %) do leta 2015 (21,8 %) se je povečala, nato pa se je v obdobju preiskave zmanjšala na raven rahlo pod ravnjo iz leta 2014 (17,5 %).
The profitability in tier 1 fluctuated during the period considered.
To je delno pojasnjeno z razvojem proizvodnih stroškov in cenami, saj so se leta 2015 proizvodni stroški znižali bolj kot prodajne cene.
It increased from 2014 (17,9 %) to 2015 (21,8 %) and then decreased in the investigation period to a level slightly below 2014 (17,5 %).
V prvem razredu je neto denarni tok ostal stabilen, medtem ko se je donosnost naložb zmanjšala s 26,0 % na 24,3 % v obravnavanem obdobju.
This is partly explained by the evolution of the cost of production and the prices, since in 2015 the cost of production decreased more than the selling prices.
Preglednica 14
In tier 1, the net cash flow remained stable while the return on investments decreased from 26,0 % to 24,3 % during the period considered.
Dobičkonosnost, denarni tok, naložbe in donosnost naložb v prvem razredu
Table 14
Kar zadeva drugi razred, se je dobičkonosnost v obravnavanem obdobju zmanjšala za 2,6 odstotne točke (s 17,9 % v letu 2014 na 15,3 % v obdobju preiskave).
Tier 1 profitability, cash flow, investments and return on investments
V drugem razredu se je neto denarni tok znatno zmanjšal, tj. za 22 %, medtem ko se je donosnost naložb zmanjšala z 20,4 % na 16,2 % v obravnavanem obdobju.
Regarding tier 2, the profitability declined by 2,6 percentage points over the period considered (from 17,9 % in 2014 to 15,3 % in the investigation period).
Preglednica 15
In tier 2, the net cash flow decreased significantly by 22 % and the return on investments decreased from 20,4 % to 16,2 % over the period considered.
Dobičkonosnost, denarni tok, naložbe in donosnost naložb v drugem razredu
Table 15
Tretji razred je v obdobju preiskave ustvarjal izgubo (– 0,4 %).
Tier 2 profitability, cash flow, investments and return on investments
Izgube so bile zlasti izrazite za MSP (– 6,1 % v obdobju preiskave).
Tier 3 is loss-making in the investigation period (– 0,4 %).
Dobičkonosnost za velika podjetja v tretjem razredu se je od leta 2014 do obdobja preiskave prepolovila z 10 % na 4,8 %.
The losses for the SMEs were particularly pronounced (– 6,1 % in the investigation period).
V tretjem razredu se je neto denarni tok znatno zmanjšal, tj. za 62 %, medtem ko se je donosnost naložb zmanjšala s 7,6 % na 2,5 % v obravnavanem obdobju.
The profitability for the large companies in tier 3 halved from 2014 to the investigation period from 10 % to 4,8 %.
Preglednica 16
In tier 3, the net cash flow decreased significantly by 62 % and the return on investments decreased from 7,6 % to 2,5 % over the period considered.
Dobičkonosnost, denarni tok, naložbe in donosnost naložb v tretjem razredu
Table 16
Povezava med razredi
Tier 3 profitability, cash flow, investments and return on investments
Trg Unije za pnevmatike za avtobuse ali tovornjake je močno prizadela gospodarska kriza.
Interconnection between the tiers
Ker je potrošnja pnevmatik neločljivo povezana z nakupom novih vozil in kilometrov, ki jih flote prevozijo, je zelo odvisna od splošne gospodarske dejavnosti.
The Union market for tyres for buses or lorries has been strongly affected by the economic crisis.
Kakršna koli razlika v gospodarski dejavnosti in zlasti količini blaga, ki se prevaža po cesti, se neposredno odraža v prodaji pnevmatik.
As the consumption of tyres is intrinsically linked to the purchase of new vehicles and of kilometres travelled by the fleets, it is very dependent on the overall economic activity.
V obdobju, ko se uporablja manj tovornjakov, postaneta nabava novih tovornjakov ali nadomestitev pnevmatik za tovornjake manj potrebni, zato se zmanjša tudi trg pnevmatik.
Any variation in the economic activity, and notably of the volume of goods transported by road, is reflected directly in the tyre sales.
Po gospodarski krizi se je povpraševanje strukturno spremenilo z višjih razredov na nižje razrede, pri katerih je ob odločitvi za nakup najpomembnejši dejavnik cena.
In a period when lorries are used less, acquisition of new lorries or replacement of lorries' tyres becomes less necessary and therefore the tyres market declines.
Glede na to so ponudba poceni uvoženih pnevmatik in preference nekaterih lastnikov flot, ki se odločajo za cenejše pnevmatike, pomembno vplivale na preoblikovanje trga Unije.
After the economic crisis, there has been a structural shift of demand from the higher tiers to the lower tiers, where price tends to drive the purchasing decision.
Ker so izvajalci protektiranja pod močnim pritiskom, so se tovarne in delavnice vse pogosteje zapirale, kakor je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 175.
As retreaders are under strong pressure, closure of plants and workshops have been increasingly numerous as set out in recital (175).
Zato postaja nakup visokokakovostnih pnevmatik z možnostjo večkratnega protektiranja manj privlačen.
Due to the lack of available local facilities, it becomes less possible to retread a high-quality worn out tyre.
Ob upoštevanju teh dogodkov in zaradi nizkih cen uvoza pnevmatik tretjega razreda, ki so predstavljale večino kitajskega uvoza, proizvajalci novih pnevmatik v Uniji niso imeli druge možnosti, kot da so okrepili tudi svojo prisotnost v tretjem razredu.
Consequently, the purchase of a high-quality tyre with the option of multiple retreadings becomes less attractive.
Nazadnje je konkurenca med razredi razvidna tudi iz učinka cen v nižjih razredih na oblikovanje cen v višjem razredu.
In light of these developments and in the face of low-priced imports of tier 3 tyres, which accounted for most of the Chinese imports, Union producers of new tyres have no option but to strengthen their presence in tier 3, too.
V Uniji so bile cene pnevmatik prvega razreda pod pritiskom poceni uvoza.
Finally, the intersegment competition is also clear from the impact of the prices in the lower tiers on the pricing in the higher tier.
Pritožnik je trdil, da je bil učinek še toliko bolj očiten na regionalnih območjih, na katerih so bile pnevmatike tretjega razreda pogosteje prisotne (tj. na teh območjih so bile cene pnevmatik prvega razreda običajno na nižji ravni kot na drugih območjih Unije, kar poudarja konkurenčni učinek pnevmatik tretjega razreda na pnevmatike prvega razreda).
In the Union, prices of tier 1 tyres have felt the pressure of cheap imports.
To pomeni, da so gospodarski subjekti del svojih nakupov pnevmatik prvega razreda nadomestili z nakupom pnevmatik drugega ali tretjega razreda, kar kaže, da poteka konkurenca med različnimi segmenti.
The complainant claimed that the impact was all the more obvious in regional areas where tier 3 tyres were more present (i.e. in these areas tier 1 tyres were typically priced at lower levels than in other areas of the Union which highlights the competitive impact of tier 3 tyres on tier 1 tyres).
To je povzročilo poskok sorazmerne pomembnosti tretjega razreda, ki se je povečal s 27 % na 39 % celotne potrošnje Unije.
This means that economic operators appear to have shifted part of their purchase from tier 1 or tier 2 tyres to tier 3 tyres, showing that competition takes place across the different segments.
Preglednica 17
The table below shows the share per tier in the Union consumption in 2012 and in 2016.
Potrošnja Unije glede na razred v letih 2012 in 2016
In that period, Union consumption increased by around 3,8 million items, and over 90 % of such increase was in tier 3 (around 3,6 million items).
Vir: Združenje ETRMA in Eurostatova podatkovna zbirka COMEXT.
This resulted in a tilt of the relative importance of tier 3, which increased from 27 % to 39 % of total Union consumption.
Prvi razred
Table 17
Drugi razred
Union consumption split per tier in years 2012 and 2016
Tretji razred
Source: ETRMA and Eurostat Comext.
Na podlagi zbranih informacij je Komisija ugotovila, da so bile v preteklosti cene pnevmatik prvega razreda referenčne za ostala razreda.
Tier 1
Glavni proizvajalci Unije so bili večinoma dejavni v prvem in drugem razredu, katerega pnevmatike so zasnovane tako, da imajo dolgo življenjsko dobo in jih je mogoče protektirati.
Tier 2
Potrošniki so cenili te fizične lastnosti in lastnosti glede zmogljivosti ter so bili zanje pripravljeni plačati višje cene.
Tier 3
Vendar pa se je po informacijah, ki so na voljo Komisiji, navedeni cenovni trend spremenil in začel se je obratni kaskadni učinek, pri katerem cene tretjega razreda negativno vplivajo na prvi razred.
On the basis of the information collected, the Commission determined that, in the past, tier 1 tyres set the price benchmark for the others tiers.
Opozoriti je treba, da se večina uvoza po nizkih cenah nanaša na tretji razred, v katerem so proizvajalci Unije v obdobju preiskave utrpeli izgube.
The main Union producers concentrated in tiers 1 and 2, where tyres were/are designed to have a long life cycle and to be retreadable.
Na podlagi navedenega je Komisija začasno sklenila, da obstaja simbioza med različnimi razredi, saj pritisk na cene tretjega razreda vpliva tudi na cene ostalih razredov.
Consumers valued these physical and performance properties and were willing to pay higher prices for these properties.
Sklep o škodi
However, information available to the Commission showed that the above mentioned pricing trend changed and a ‘reverse-cascading effect’ started with tier 3 prices inversely affecting tier 1.
Na splošno kazalniki škode kažejo, da je industrija Unije kot celota pod močnim pritiskom.
Of note, most of the low-priced imports relate to tier 3 where the Union producers suffered losses during the investigation period.
V obdobju preiskave je prišlo do zmanjšanja proizvodnih zmogljivosti, naložb in zaposlovanja ter do znatne izgube tržnega deleža kljub znižanju prodajnih cen.
On the basis of above the Commission provisionally concluded that that there is symbiotic relationship between the different tiers, where price pressure on tier 3 also affects the prices in the other tiers.
Tržni delež uvoza zadevnega izdelka se je povečal na račun industrije Unije, ne glede na segmentacijo, in izgubljenih je bilo več kot 4200 delovnih mest.
Conclusion on injury
Medtem ko dobičkonosnost za celotno industrijo še vedno znaša približno 14 %, se je med letom 2014 in obdobjem preiskave zmanjšala za 1,9 odstotne točke, med letom 2015 in obdobjem preiskave pa za 3 odstotne točke.
Overall, the injury indicators show that the Union industry as a whole has been under intensive pressure.
Prav tako je bilo začasno ugotovljeno, da je kitajski uvoz znatno nelojalno nižal prodajne cene industrije Unije, kar je nato neposredno in močno vplivalo na poslabšanje učinkovitosti in zmanjševanje zmogljivosti, proizvodnje, zaposlovanja in drugih kazalnikov škode za industrijo Unije.
There was a reduction of production capacity, investment and employment over the period of investigation and a significant loss of market share despite decreasing sales prices.
Negativno gibanje je bilo najbolj čutiti v tretjem razredu, v katerem je veliko izvajalcev protektiranja, ki so MSP, izstopilo s trga in niso mogli imeti koristi od gospodarskega okrevanja v tem sektorju, ki ga je nazadnje zavzel uvoz po nizkih cenah.
Market share was gained by imports of the product concerned at the expense of the Union industry, irrespective of segmentation, resulting in over 4200 jobs lost.
Opozoriti je treba, da družbe, večinoma dejavne v tretjem razredu, predstavljajo približno 20 % celotne proizvodnje Unije.
While still around 14 % for the industry as a whole, profitability declined by 1,9 percentage points between 2014 and the IP and by 3 percentage points between 2015 and the IP.
Izgube tretjega razreda niso vzdržne in ogrožajo preživetje celotne dejavnosti protektiranja v Uniji.
It was also provisionally established that Chinese imports were substantially undercutting the Union industry prices, which, in turn, pointed to a direct and significant impact on the deteriorating performance and declining capacity, production, employment and other injury indicators of the Union industry.
Poleg tega je učinek pritiska na cene vplival tudi na cene v višjem razredu.
The negative development was most felt in the tier 3 where many SMEs retreaders exited the market and could not benefit from the economic recovery in the sector, which was ultimately captured by the low-priced imports.
Vse večji pritisk na cene s strani pnevmatik tretjega razreda, ki izhaja iz uvoza po nizkih cenah in se večinoma nanaša na pnevmatike tretjega razreda, je povzročil podobno gibanje v drugem razredu, v katerem so se prodajne cene znižale za 12 % v obravnavanem obdobju, prav tako pa so se morale, da bi ostale konkurenčne, cene pnevmatik prvega razreda znižati za 9 %.
It is recalled that the companies mostly active in tier 3 account for around 20 % of the total Union production.
Glede na medsebojno cenovno povezanost razredov je namreč tudi najuspešnejši prvi razred utrpel škodo zaradi obratnega kaskadnega učinka cenovnega pritiska v vseh treh razredih, kot je pojasnjeno v prejšnjem poglavju.
The losses of tier 3 are not sustainable and put the survival of the entire retreading activity in the Union at risk.
To je povzročilo industrijsko izčrpanost, izgubo vrednosti v celotni dobavni verigi vseh treh razredov in poslabšanje kakovosti pnevmatik, ki so na voljo na trgu Unije.
Moreover, the effects of the price pressure also affected the prices of the higher tiers.
Poleg tega intenzivna cenovna konkurenca v vseh treh razredih negativno vpliva na izkoriščenost zmogljivosti in vodi do naraščajočih zalog industrije (preglednica 12) v povezavi z manjšim denarnim tokom in naložbami (preglednica 13).
The growing price pressure from tier 3 tyres resulting from low-priced imports, mostly relating to tier 3 tyres, has triggered a similar development in tier 2, where sales prices fell by 12 % in the period considered, and even the prices for tier 1 tyres had to be lowered by 9 % to remain competitive.
Nazadnje na izgubo industrije protektiranja v Uniji prav tako vpliva dobičkonosnost, ki jo lahko dosežejo podjetja, dejavna v prvem in drugem razredu.
Indeed, given the price interconnection between the tiers, even the best-performing tier 1 was suffering from the reverse-cascading price pressure across the three tiers explained in the previous chapter.
Zato se začasno sklene, da je industrija Unije utrpela škodo v smislu člena 3(5) osnovne uredbe.
This resulted in industrial depletion, loss of value throughout the supply chain of all three tiers, and degradation of the quality of the tyres available on the Union market.
Poleg tega sta pritožnika trdila, da obstaja tveganje povečanja škode.
Moreover, the intense price competition in all three tiers has negative consequences for the capacity utilisation and leads to rising stocks of the industry (Table 12), coupled with less cash flow and investments (Table 13).
Po njunem mnenju so bili uvedeni številni ukrepi na drugih uvozno-izvoznih trgih, ki bi lahko povzročili takojšnjo preusmeritev trgovine.
Finally, the loss of the retreading industry in the Union also affects the profitability that the companies active in tier 1 and 2 can achieve.
Poleg tega so proizvajalci Unije domnevno v nevarnosti na svojih izvoznih trgih, saj so nekatere države, kot je Turčija, začele zaščitno preiskavo.
Therefore, it is provisionally concluded that the Union industry suffered injury within the meaning of Article 3(5) of the basic Regulation.
Tveganje poslabšanja bi bilo povezano tudi z ogromnimi presežnimi zmogljivostmi v LRK, kjer neizkoriščene zmogljivosti predstavljajo približno 40 % sedanjega kitajskega izvoza.
In addition, the complainants alleged that there was a risk of further aggravation of injury.
Pritožnika sta nadalje izrazila zaskrbljenost, da bo na trgu EU za pnevmatike prišlo do strukturnega učinka, saj bi bilo dodatne stroške za nakup visoko kakovostnih pnevmatik vse manj mogoče upravičiti, če zaradi propada industrije protektiranja ne bi bilo več možnosti večkratnega protektiranja pnevmatik visoke kakovosti.
In their view, numerous measures have been imposed in other import export markets which could cause immediate trade diversion.
Poleg tega predvidevata stalno izboljševanje pnevmatik iz LRK.
Moreover, the Union producers are said to be under threat on their export markets, as some countries such as Turkey had initiated a safeguard investigation.
Če bi bilo dovoljeno, da kakovostne pnevmatike iz LRK konkurirajo s pnevmatikami Unije po dampinških cenah, bi to zmanjšalo stopnje industrije Unije ter s tem njihovo zmogljivost za naložbe in inovacije.
The risk of aggravation would also be linked to massive overcapacities in the PRC, where unused capacities represent about 40 % of current Chinese exports.
To bi verjetno industrijo Unije prisililo, da bi se morala zanašati na pnevmatike nižje kakovosti, za katere so potrebne manjše naložbe v raziskave in razvoj, kar bi dodatno vplivalo na njihovo možnost protektiranja.