natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The purpose of these tests is to verify whether the modified vehicle presents at least the same (or better) energy absorption characteristics than the vehicle type approved under this Regulation.
Namen teh preskusov je preveriti, ali ima spremenjeno vozilo vsaj enake (ali boljše) lastnosti absorpcije energije kot tip vozila, ki je bil homologiran na podlagi tega pravilnika.
PROCEDURES AND INSTALLATIONS
POSTOPEK IN NAMESTITVE
Reference tests
Referenčni preskusi
Using the initial padding materials tested during the approval of the vehicle, mounted in a new lateral structure of the vehicle to be approved, two dynamic tests, utilizing two different impactors shall be carried out (Figure 1).
Ob uporabi prvotnih materialov za oblazinjenje, na katerih so bili opravljeni preskusi pri homologaciji vozila, in ki so vgrajeni v novo bočno konstrukcijo vozila, ki se homologira, se opravita dva dinamična preskusa z dvema različnima udarnima glavama (slika 1).
The head form impactor, defined in paragraph 3.1.1, shall hit at 24,1 km/h, in the area impacted for the EUROSID head during the approval of the vehicle.
Udarna glava, ki predstavlja glavo potnika, ki je določena v odstavku 3.1.1, mora udariti s hitrostjo 24,1 km/h v področje, kjer je udarila glava Eurosida med preskusom za homologacijo vozila.
Test result shall be recorded, and the HPC calculated.
Zapisati je treba rezultat in izračunati merilo za obremenitev glave (HPC).
However, this test shall not be carried out when, during the tests described in Annex 4 of this Regulation:
Vendar tega preskusa ni treba izvajati, če med preskusi, opisanimi v prilogi 4 tega pravilnika:
where there has been no head contact, or
ni bilo dotika z glavo ali pa
when the head contacted the window glazing only, provided that the window glazing is not laminated glass.
se je glava dotaknila samo bočnega stekla pod pogojem, da le-to ni iz večplastnega stekla.
The body block impactor, defined in paragraph 3.2.1, shall hit at 24,1 km/h in the lateral area impacted by the EUROSID shoulder, arm and thorax, during the approval of the vehicle.
Udarna glava, ki predstavlja telo potnika in je opredeljena v odstavku 3.2.1, mora udariti s hitrostjo 24,1 km/h ob bočno površino, ob katero so med homologacijskim preskusom vozila udarili rama, roka in prsni koš Eurosida.
Approval test
Homologacijski preskus
Using the new padding materials, seat, etc. presented for the approval extension, and mounted in a new lateral structure of the vehicle, tests specified in paragraphs 2.1.1.1 and 2.1.1.2, shall be repeated, the new results recorded, and their HPC calculated.
Ob uporabi novega materiala za blazinjenje, sedežev itd., ki so predloženi zaradi razširitve homologacije in vgrajeni v novo bočno konstrukcijo vozila, se ponovijo preskusi, določeni v odstavkih 2.1.1.1 in 2.1.1.2, zapisati je treba nove rezultate in izračunati merilo za obremenitev glave (HPC).
If the HPC calculated from the results of both approval tests are lower than the HPC obtained during the reference tests (carried out using the original type approved padding materials or seats), the extension shall be granted.
Če so merila za obremenitev glave (HPC), izračunana na podlagi rezultatov obeh homologacijskih preskusov nižji od meril, izračunanih pri referenčnih preskusih (ki so bili izvedeni ob uporabi prvotnih odobrenih materialov za blazinjenje ali sedežev), je treba razširitev odobriti.
If the new HPC are greater than the HPC obtained during the reference tests, a new full scale test (using the proposed padding/seats/etc.) shall be carried out.
Če so nova merila za obremenitev glave (HPC) večja od meril, izračunanih pri referenčnem preskusu, je treba opraviti nov popoln preskus (ob uporabi predloženega oblazinjenja, sedežev itd.).
Head form impactor (Figure 2)
Udarna glava v obliki glave potnika (slika 2)
This apparatus consists of a fully guided linear impactor, rigid, with a mass of 6,8 kg.
Ta naprava je popolnoma linearno vodena toga udarna glava z maso 6,8 kg.
Its impact surface is hemispherical with a diameter of 165 mm.
Njena udarna površina je polkrogelne oblike s premerom 165 mm.
The head form shall be fitted with two accelerometers and a speed-measuring device, all capable of measuring values in the impact direction.
Udarna glava je opremljena z dvema napravama za merjenje pospeška in eno napravo za merjenje hitrosti, ki lahko merijo vrednosti v smeri udarca.
Body block impactor (Figure 3)
Udarna glava v obliki telesa potnika (slika 3)
This apparatus consists of a fully guided linear impactor, rigid, with a mass of 30 kg.
Ta naprava je popolnoma vodeno linearno togo udarno telo z maso 30 kg.
Its dimensions and transversal section is presented in Figure 3.
Njegove mere in prečni prerez so prikazani nas sliki 1.
The body block shall be fitted with two accelerometers and a speed-measuring device, all capable of measuring values in the impact direction.
Blok telesa je opremljen z dvema merilnikoma pospeška in napravo za merjenje hitrosti, ki so vsi sposobni meriti vrednosti v smeri udarca.
test bench
Preskusna miza
vehicle structure
Konstrukcija vozila
padding materials
Materiali za oblazinjenje
impactors
Udarne glave
Head form impactor
Udarna glava v obliki glave potnika
spherical
Krožna oblika
The ‘H’ point is located in the centre of the centreline of the device which is between the ‘H’ point sight buttons on either side of the 3-D H machine.
Točka „H“ se nahaja v središču središčne osi naprave, ki poteka med vizirnima gumboma točke „H“ na obeh straneh 3-D H naprave.
The ‘H’ point corresponds theoretically to the ‘R’ point (for tolerances see paragraph 3.2.2. below).
Točka „H“ teoretično ustreza točki „R“ (za odstopanja glej odstavek 3.2.2 te priloge).
‘Actual torso angle’ means the angle measured between a vertical line through the ‘H’ point and the torso line using the back angle quadrant on the 3-D H machine.
„Dejanski naklon trupa“ pomeni kot med navpičnico, ki poteka skozi točko „H“ in linijo trupa, izmerjen s kotomerom za merjenje kota naklona hrbta na 3-D H napravi.
The actual torso angle corresponds theoretically to the design torso angle (for tolerances see paragraph 3.2.2. below):
Dejanski naklon trupa teoretično ustreza konstrukcijsko določenemu naklonu trupa (za odstopanja glej odstavek 3.3.2 spodaj);
Apply a 100 ± 10 N load to the back and pan assembly of the 3-D H machine at the intersection of the hip angle quadrant and the T-bar housing.
Silo 100 ± 10 N se usmeri na hrbet in sedalo 3-D H naprave v presečišču kotomera za kot merjenja kota kolka in ohišja T-droga.
The direction of load application shall be maintained along a line passing by the above intersection to a point just above the thigh bar housing (see figure 2 of appendix 1 to this annex).
Sila ves čas deluje v smeri črte, ki poteka vzdolž zgornjega presečišča do točke neposredno nad ohišjem stegenskega droga (glej sliko 2 v Dodatku 1 k tej prilogi).
Lateral view of vertical struts
Pogled od strani na navpične opornike
Section
Prerez
RADIUS
Polmer
Body block impactor A – A
Udarna glava v obliki telesa potnika
section A - A r. = 100 mm.
Prerez A - A
The zones are defined as 500 ± 5 mm × 250 ± 3 mm in figures 1 and 2. The 500 mm should be in the W direction and the 250 mm in the L direction of the aluminium honeycomb construction (see Figure 3).
Cone na slikah 1 in 2 so določene z merami 500 ± 5 mm × 250 ± 3 mm, pri čemer poteka 500 mm v smeri W in 250 mm v smeri L konstrukcije aluminijevega satja (glej sliko 3).
Regulation No 16 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of:
Pravilnik št. 16 Ekonomske komisije Združenih narodov za Evropo (UN/ECE) – Enotne določbe o homologaciji:
I. safety-belts, restraint systems, child restraint systems and Isofix child restraint systems for occupants of power-driven vehicles
I. varnostnih pasov, sistemov za zadrževanje potnikov, sistemov za zadrževanje otrok in sistema za zadrževanje otrok Isofix v vozilih na motorni pogon
vehicles equipped with safety-belts, restraint systems, child restraint systems and Isofix child restraint systems
vozil, opremljenih z varnostnimi pasovi, sistemi za zadrževanje potnikov, sistemi za zadrževanje otrok in sistemom za zadrževanje otrok Isofix
Addendum 15: Regulation No 16
Dopolnilo 15: Pravilnik št. 16
Revision 5
Revizija 5
Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law.
Po mednarodnem javnem pravu imajo samo izvirna besedila UN/ECE pravni učinek.
The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html.
Status in datum veljavnosti tega pravilnika je treba preveriti v zadnji različici dokumenta o statusu UN/ECE TRANS/WP.29/343, ki je na voljo na spletni strani: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html.
Supplement 17 to the 04 series of amendments — Date of entry into force: 18 January 2006
Dodatek 17 k spremembam 04 – datum veljavnosti: 18. januar 2006
Requirements concerning the installation in the vehicle
Zahteve v zvezi z vgradnjo v vozilo
Modifications and extension of approval of the vehicle type or safety-belt or restraint system type
Spremembe in razširitev homologacije tipa vozila ali tipa varnostnega pasu ali sistema za zadrževanje potnikov
Names and addresses of technical services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of administrative departments
Imena in naslovi tehničnih služb, ki izvajajo homologacijske preskuse, ter upravnih organov
Annex 1A: Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitely discontinued of a vehicle type with regard to safety-belt pursuant to Regulation No 16
Priloga 1A: Sporočilo o podeljeni, razširjeni, zavrnjeni ali preklicani homologaciji ali dokončni prekinitvi proizvodnje tipa vozila glede na varnostni pas v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 16
Annex 1B: Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitely discontinued of a type of safety-belt or restraint system for adult occupants of power-driven vehicles pursuant to Regulation No 16
Priloga 1B: Sporočilo o podeljeni, razširjeni, zavrnjeni ali preklicani homologaciji ali dokončni prekinitvi proizvodnje tipa varnostnega pasu ali sistema za zadrževanje odraslih potnikov v vozilih na motorni pogon v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 16
Annex 2: Arrangements of the approval marks
Priloga 2: Namestitev homologacijskih oznak
Annex 3: Diagram of an apparatus to test durability of retractor mechanism
Priloga 3: Skica naprave za preskus vzdržljivosti mehanizma navijala
Annex 4: Diagram of an apparatus to test locking of emergency locking retractors
Priloga 4: Skica naprave za preskus zaskočitve navijal z zaskočitvijo v sili
Annex 5: Diagram of an apparatus for dust-resistance test
Priloga 5: Skica naprave za preskus odpornosti proti prahu
Annex 6: Description of trolley, seat, anchorages and stopping device
Priloga 6: Opis preskusnega vozička, sedeža, pritrdišč in naprave za zaustavljanje
Annex 7: Description of manikin
Priloga 7: Opis preskusne lutke
Annex 8: Description of curve of trolley's deceleration as a function of time
Priloga 8: Opis krivulje zmanjšanja hitrosti preskusnega vozička kot funkcije časa
Annex 9: Instructions
Priloga 9: Navodila
Annex 10: Dual buckle test
Priloga 10: Preskus dvojne zaponke
Annex 11: Abrasion and microslip test
Priloga 11: Preskus odrgnjenja in mikrozdrsa
Annex 12: Corrosion test
Priloga 12: Korozijski preskus
Annex 13: Order of tests
Priloga 13: Zaporedje preskusov
Annex 14: Control of conformity of production
Priloga 14: Nadzor skladnosti proizvodnje
Annex 15: Procedure for determining the ‘H’ point and the actual torso angle for seating positions in motor vehicles
Priloga 15: Postopek za določanje točke H in dejanskega naklona trupa za sedežna mesta v motornih vozilih
Appendix 1 — Description of the three dimensional ‘H’ point machine
Dodatek 1 – Opis tridimenzionalne naprave za točko H
Appendix 2 — Three-dimensional reference system
Dodatek 2 – Tridimenzionalni koordinatni sistem
Annex 16: Safety-belt installation showing the belt types and retractor types
Priloga 16: Minimalne zahteve za varnostne pasove in navijala
Annex 17: Requirements for the installation of safety-belts and restraint systems for adult occupants of power-driven vehicles on forward facing seats and for the installation of Isofix child restraint systems
Priloga 17: Zahteve za vgradnjo varnostnih pasov in sistemov za zadrževanje odraslih potnikov na naprej obrnjenih sedežih v vozilih na motorni pogon ter za vgradnjo sistemov za zadrževanje otrok ISOFIX
Appendix 1 — Provisions concerning the installation of ‘universal’ category child restraint systems installed with the safety-belt equipment of the vehicle
Dodatek 1 – Določbe o vgradnji sistemov za zadrževanje otrok „univerzalne“ kategorije, ki se pritrjujejo z varnostnimi pasovi vozila
Appendix 2 — Table of vehicle handbook information on child restraint suitability for various seating positions
Dodatek 2 – Določbe o vgradnji naprej obrnjenih in nazaj obrnjenih sistemov za zadrževanje otrok isofix univerzalne in poluniverzalne kategorije, vgrajenih na položaje isofix
Appendix 3 — Table of vehicle handbook information on child restraint systems installation suitability for various seating positions
Dodatek 3 – Tabela z informacijami iz priročnika o uporabi vozila o sistemih za zadrževanje otrok, ustreznost vgradnje na različnih sedežnih mestih
This Regulation applies to safety-belts and restraint systems which are designed for installation in vehicles and are intended for separate use, i.e. as individual fittings, by persons of adult build occupying forward or rearward-facing seats.
Ta pravilnik se uporablja za varnostne pasove in sisteme za zadrževanje potnikov, ki so načrtovani za vgradnjo v vozila in namenjeni za ločeno uporabo, tj. kot individualna oprema za odrasle osebe na naprej ali nazaj obrnjenem sedežu.
It also applies to child restraint systems and ISOFIX child restraint systems designated for installation in vehicles of category M1 and N1.
Uporablja se tudi za sisteme za zadrževanje otrok in sistem za zadrževanje otrok ISOFIX, ki so načrtovani za vgradnjo v vozila kategorij M1 in N1.
Safety-belt (seat-belt, belt)
Varnostni pas (sedežni pas, pas)
An arrangement of straps with a securing buckle, adjusting devices and attachments which is capable of being anchored to the interior of a power-driven vehicle and is designed to diminish the risk of injury to its wearer, in the event of collision or of abrupt deceleration of the vehicle, by limiting the mobility of the wearer's body.
Sistem trakov z varnostno zaponko, napravami za nastavitev in pritrdilnimi elementi, ki ga je mogoče pritrditi v vozilu na motorni pogon in je narejen za zmanjševanje tveganja poškodb uporabnika pri trčenju ali nenadnem zmanjšanju hitrosti vozila, tako da omeji gibanje njegovega telesa.
Such an arrangement is generally referred to as a ‘belt assembly’, which term also embraces any device for absorbing energy or for retracting the belt.
Tak sistem se na splošno označuje kot „sistem pasov“ – izraz, ki zajema tudi vse naprave za absorpcijo energije ali navijanje pasu nazaj.
The arrangement can be tested and approved as a safety-belt arrangement or as a restraint system.
Sistem je mogoče preskusiti in homologirati kot sistem varnostnih pasov ali sistem za zadrževanje potnikov.
Lap belt
Trebušni pas
A two-point belt which passes across the front of the wearer's pelvic region.
Dvotočkovni pas, ki poteka čez sprednjo stran uporabnikovega medeničnega predela.
Diagonal belt
Diagonalni pas
A belt which passes diagonally across the front of the chest from the hip to the opposite shoulder.
Pas, ki poteka diagonalno čez sprednjo stran prsnega koša, od boka do rame na nasprotni strani.
Three-point belt
Tritočkovni pas
A belt which is essentially a combination of a lap strap and a diagonal strap.
Pas, ki je kombinacija trebušnega in diagonalnega pasu.
S-type belt
S-pas
A belt arrangement other than a three-point belt or a lap belt.
Sistem pasov, ki ni tritočkovni pas ali trebušni pas.
Harness belt
H-pas
A S-type belt arrangement comprising a lap belt and shoulder straps; a harness belt may be provided with an additional crotch strap assembly.
Sistem S-pasu, ki vključuje trebušni pas in trakove čez ramena; H-pas ima lahko dodaten sistem mednožnega pasu.
Belt type
Tip pasu
Belts of different ‘types’ are belts differing substantially from one another; the differences may relate in particular to:
Pasovi različnih „tipov“ so pasovi, ki se bistveno razlikujejo med seboj; razlike veljajo zlasti za:
rigid parts (buckle, attachments, retractor, etc.);
toge dele (zaponka, pritrdilni elementi, navijalo itd.);
the material, weave, dimensions and colour of the straps; or
material, tkanje, mere in barvo pasov ali
the geometry of the belt assembly.
geometrijo sistema pasov.
Strap
Trak
A flexible component designed to hold the body and to transmit stresses to the belt anchorages.
Prilagodljiv sestavni del, ki mora držati telo uporabnika in prenašati sile na pritrdišča pasu.
Buckle
Zaponka
A quick-release device enabling the wearer to be held by the belt.
Naprava za hitro odpenjanje, ki uporabniku omogoča, da ga pas drži.
The buckle may incorporate the adjusting device, except in the case of a harness belt buckle.
Zaponka lahko vključuje napravo za nastavitev pasu, razen v primeru zaponke H-pasu.
Belt adjusting device
Naprava za nastavitev pasu
A device enabling the belt to be adjusted according to the requirements of the individual wearer and to the position of the seat.
Naprava, ki omogoča, da se pas nastavi glede na zahteve posameznega uporabnika ter položaj sedeža.
The adjusting device may be part of the buckle, or a retractor, or any other part of the safety-belt.
Naprava za nastavitev je lahko del zaponke ali navijala ali katerega koli drugega dela varnostnega pasu.
Pre-loading device
Zategovalnik
An additional or integrated device which tightens the seat-belt webbing in order to reduce the slack of the belt during a crash sequence.
Dodatna ali v sistem vgrajena naprava, ki zategne trak, da se ohlapnost pasu pri trku zmanjša.
‘Reference zone’ means the space between two vertical longitudinal planes, 400 mm apart and symmetrical with respect to the H-point, and defined by rotation from vertical to horizontal of the head-form apparatus, described in Regulation No 21 Annex 1.
„Referenčno območje“ pomeni prostor med dvema navpičnima vzdolžnima ravninama, ki sta med seboj oddaljeni 400 mm, potekata simetrično na točko H in sta določeni z rotiranjem preskusne glave, opisane v Prilogi 1 k Pravilniku št. 21, iz navpične lege v vodoravno.
The apparatus shall be positioned as described in that annex to Regulation No 21 and set to the maximum length of 840 mm.
Preskusna glava je nameščena, kakor je opisano v tej prilogi k Pravilniku št. 21, in nastavljena na največjo dolžino 840 mm.
‘Airbag assembly’ means a device installed to supplement safety-belts and restraint systems in power-driven vehicles, i.e. system which, in the event of a severe impact affecting the vehicle automatically deploys a flexible structure intended to limit, by compression of the gas contained within it, the gravity of the contacts of one or more parts of the body of an occupant of the vehicle with the interior of the passenger compartment.
„Zračna blazina“ pomeni napravo, ki je nameščena kot dodatek varnostnih pasov in sistemov za zadrževanje potnikov v vozilih na motorni pogon, tj. sistemov, ki vsebujejo stisnjeni plin, s katerim se ob močnem trčenju, ki vozilo poškoduje, samodejno sproži gibljiva konstrukcija, kar je namenjeno omejitvi nevarnosti zaradi udarca potnika v vozilu z enim ali več delov notranjosti prostora za potnike.
‘Passenger airbag’ means an airbag assembly intended to protect occupant(s) in seats other than the driver's in the event of a frontal collision.
„Zračna blazina za sovoznika“ pomeni sistem zračne blazine za zaščito sopotnika/sopotnikov na sedežih, ki niso voznikov sedež, v primeru čelnega trčenja.
‘Child restraint’ means a safety device as defined in Regulation No 44.
„Sistem za zadrževanje otrok“ pomeni varnostno napravo iz Pravilnika št. 44.
‘Rearward-facing’ means facing in the direction opposite to the normal direction of travel of the vehicle.
„Obrnjen nazaj“ pomeni obrnjen v smer, ki je nasprotna običajni smeri vožnje vozila.
Attachments
Pritrdilni elementi
Parts of the belt assembly including the necessary securing components, which enable it to be attached to the belt anchorages.
Deli sistema pasov, vključno s potrebnimi varnostnimi deli, s katerimi se lahko sistem pasov pritrdi na pritrdišča pasu.
Energy absorber
„Naprava za absorpcijo energije“
Device designed to disperse energy independently of or jointly with the strap and forming part of a belt assembly.
Naprava, ki absorbira energijo neodvisno ali skupaj s trakom in je del sistema pasov.
Device to accommodate part or the whole of the strap of a safety-belt.
Naprava za delno ali celotno navijanje traku varnostnega pasu.
Non-locking retractor (type 1)
Navijalo brez zaskočitve (tip 1)
A retractor from which the strap is extracted to its full length by a small external force and which provides no adjustment for the length of the extracted strap.
Navijalo, iz katerega se z majhno zunanjo silo izvleče celotna dolžina traku in ki ne omogoča nobene nastavitve dolžine izvlečenega traku.
Manually unlocking retractor (type 2)
Navijalo z ročno sprostitvijo (tip 2)
A retractor requiring the manual operation of a device by the user to unlock the retractor in order to obtain the desired strap extraction and which locks automatically when the said operation ceases.
Navijalo, pri katerem mora uporabnik ročno sprostiti navijalo, da izvleče želeno dolžino traku, in ki se samodejno zaskoči, ko je omenjeni postopek končan.
Automatically locking retractor (type 3)
Navijalo s samodejno zaskočitvijo (tip 3)
A retractor allowing extraction of the strap to the desired length and which, when the buckle is fastened, automatically adjusts the strap to the wearer.
Navijalo, ki omogoča izvlečenje pasu do želene dolžine in ki, potem ko je zaponka zapeta, samodejno nastavlja pas glede na uporabnika.
Further extraction of the strap is prevented without voluntary intervention by the wearer.
Nadaljnje izvlečenje pasu ni mogoče, če tega zavestno ne naredi uporabnik.
Emergency locking retractor (type 4)
Navijalo z zaskočitvijo v sili (tip 4)
A retractor which during normal driving conditions does not restrict the freedom of movement by the wearer of the safety-belt.
Navijalo, ki pri običajnem načinu vožnje uporabniku varnostnega pasu ne omejuje svobode gibanja.
Such a device has length adjusting components which automatically adjust the strap to the wearer and a locking mechanism actuated in an emergency by:
Taka naprava vključuje dele za nastavljanje dolžine, ki samodejno prilagajajo dolžino traku glede na uporabnika, in mehanizem za zaskočitev, ki ga v sili sproži:
deceleration of the vehicle (single sensitivity).
zmanjšanje hitrosti vozila (enostranska občutljivost),
a combination of deceleration of the vehicle, movement of the webbing or any other automatic means (multiple sensitivity).
kombinacija zmanjšanja hitrosti vozila, premikanja tkanine ali katerih koli drugih samodejnih sredstev (večstranska občutljivost).
Emergency locking retractor with higher response threshold (type 4N)
Navijalo z zaskočitvijo v sili z višjim pragom občutljivosti (tip 4N)
A retractor of the type defined in paragraph 2.14.4, but having special properties as regards its use in vehicles of categories M2, M3, N1, N2 and N3.
Navijalo tipa iz odstavka 2.14.4, vendar s posebnimi značilnostmi glede uporabe v vozilih kategorij M2, M3, N1, N2 in N3.
Belt adjustment device for height
Naprava za nastavitev pasu po višini
A device enabling the position in height of the upper pillar loop of a belt to be adjusted according to the requirements of the individual wearer and the position of the seat.
Naprava, ki omogoča spreminjanje višine zgornjega prekretnega vodila pasu glede na zahteve posameznega uporabnika in položaj sedeža.