natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Windows and glazed bulkheads or screens may be glazed or unglazed at the applicant's discretion.
Okna in vmesne ali predelne stene, ki so običajno zastekljene, so lahko po presoji predlagatelja zastekljene ali nezastekljene.
If they are unglazed, an equivalent weight shall be imposed on the vehicle at the appropriate positions.
Če niso zastekljene, je treba obremeniti primerna mesta na vozilu z ustreznimi utežmi.
Tyres shall be inflated to the pressure prescribed by the vehicle manufacturer and, if the vehicle has an air-spring suspension system, the air supply to the air spring shall be ensured.
Tlak v pnevmatikah je tak, kakor ga je predpisal proizvajalec vozila, in če ima vozilo zračno vzmetenje, se zagotovi dotok zraka v zračne vzmeti.
Any automatic levelling system shall be adjusted with the vehicle on a flat, horizontal surface to the level specified by the manufacturer.
Vsaka naprava za samodejno nastavljanje nivoja vozila se nastavi skladno z zahtevami proizvajalca, ko vozilo stoji na ravni vodoravni površini.
Shock absorbers shall operate normally.
Amortizerji delujejo normalno.
Fuel, battery acid and other combustible, explosive or corrosive materials may be substituted by other materials provided that the conditions prescribed in paragraph 1.1. above are met.
Gorivo, kislina za akumulator in druge gorljive, eksplozivne ali jedke snovi se lahko nadomestijo z drugimi snovmi, ki izpolnjujejo pogoje, določene v zgornjem odstavku 1.1.
The impact area shall consist of concrete or other rigid material.
Površina, na katero vozilo pade, je iz betona ali drugega togega materiala.
Test procedure (see Figure 1)
Preskusni postopek (glej sliko 1)
The vehicle shall be placed on a platform in order to be rolled over on one side.
Vozilo se postavi na ploščad tako, da ga je mogoče prevrniti na eno stran.
This side shall be specified by the manufacturer.
To stran določi proizvajalec.
The position of the vehicle on the platform shall be such that when the platform is horizontal:
Vozilo se postavi na ploščad tako, da je pri vodoravni legi ploščadi:
the axis of rotation is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle;
os vrtenja vzporedna z vzdolžno osjo vozila,
the axis of rotation is 0 mm to 200 mm from the vertical step between the two levels;
os vrtenja 0 do 200 mm od navpične stopnice med obema nivojema,
the axis of rotation is 0 mm to 100 mm from the side of the tyre at its widest axle;
os vrtenja 0 do 100 mm od navpične stopnice med obema nivojema,
the axis of rotation is 0 mm to 100 mm below the horizontal starting plane on which the tyres stand; and
os vrtenja 0 do 100 mm pod vodoravno začetno ravnino, na kateri stojijo pnevmatike, in
the difference between the height of the horizontal starting plane and the horizontal lower plane on which the impact takes place shall not be less than 800 mm.
višinska razlika med vodoravno začetno ravnino in vodoravno spodnjo ravnino, na katero vozilo pade, ni manjša od 800 mm.
Means shall be provided to prevent the vehicle moving along its longitudinal axis.
Prepreči se vzdolžno gibanje vozila.
The test apparatus shall prevent the tyres from sliding sideways in the direction of roll-over by means of side walls.
S stranskimi nasloni na preskusni napravi se prepreči bočno drsenje pnevmatik v smeri prevračanja.
The test apparatus shall ensure the simultaneous lifting of the axles of the vehicle.
Preskusna naprava zagotovi sočasno dviganje vseh osi vozila.
The vehicle shall be tilted without rocking and without dynamic effects until it rolls over.
Vozilo se do prevrnitve nagiba brez sunkov in dinamičnih učinkov.
The angular velocity shall not exceed 5o per second (0,087 rad/sec).
Kotna hitrost ne sme presegati 5 stopinj na sekundo (0,087 rad/s).
High-speed photography, deformable templates or other suitable means shall be used to determine that the requirement of paragraph 3.1. of this Annex has been met.
S hitrim fotografiranjem, šablonami, ki se lahko deformirajo, ali z drugimi ustreznimi sredstvi se določi, ali se upoštevajo zahteve iz odstavka 3.1.
This shall be verified at not less than two positions, nominally at the front and rear of the passenger compartment, the exact positions being at the discretion of the technical service.
To se preveri na vsaj dveh mestih, zlasti na sprednjem in zadnjem delu prostora za potnike, pri čemer o točnih legah presodi tehnična služba.
Templates shall be fixed to substantially non-deformable parts of the structure.
Šablone se pritrdijo na dele konstrukcije, ki se ne morejo bistveno deformirati.
axis of tilting
Os nagibanja
Horizontal starting plane
Vodoravna začetna ravnina
Horizontal lower plane
Vodoravna spodnja ravnina
tilting platform
Nagibna ploščad
ROLL-OVER TEST ON A BODYWORK SECTION
PRESKUS PREVRAČANJA NA DELU KAROSERIJE
The bodywork section shall represent a section of the unladen vehicle.
Del karoserije je del neobremenjenega vozila.
The geometry of the bodywork section, the axis of rotation and the position of the centre of gravity in the vertical and lateral directions shall be representative of the complete vehicle.
Geometrija dela karoserije, os vrtenja in lega težišča v navpični in bočni smeri so reprezentativni za celotno vozilo.
The mass of the bodywork section, expressed as a percentage of the mass in running order of the vehicle, shall be specified by the manufacturer.
Maso dela karoserije, ki je izražena kot odstotek mase vozila, pripravljenega na vožnjo, določi proizvajalec.
The energy to be absorbed by the bodywork section, expressed as a percentage of the total energy which would be absorbed by a complete vehicle, shall be specified by the manufacturer.
Energijo, ki jo mora porabiti del karoserije in je izražena kot odstotek skupne energije, ki bi jo porabilo celotno vozilo, določi proizvajalec.
The percentage of total energy described in paragraph 1.4 shall not be less that the percentage of total kerb mass of the vehicle in running order described in paragraph 1.3.
Odstotek skupne energije, opisane v odstavku 1.4, ni manjši od odstotka skupne mase obremenjenega vozila, pripravljenega na vožnjo, navedenega v odstavku 1.3.
The test conditions specified in paragraph 1.6. of Appendix 1 and in paragraphs 2.1. to 2.6. of Appendix 3 shall apply.
Veljajo preskusni pogoji, določeni v odstavku 1.6. Dodatka 1 in v odstavkih 2.1 do 2.6 Dodatka 3.
The test procedure shall be the same as the procedure described in Appendix 1, except that the bodywork section described above shall be used instead of a complete vehicle.
Preskusni postopek je enak postopku, ki je opisan v Dodatku 1, pri čemer se celotno vozilo nadomesti z zgoraj navedenim delom karoserije.
PENDULUM TEST ON A BODYWORK SECTION
PRESKUS Z NIHALOM NA DELU KAROSERIJE
ENERGY LEVEL AND DIRECTION OF IMPACT
RAVEN ENERGIJE IN SMER UDARCA
The energy to be transmitted to a particular bodywork section shall be the sum of the energies declared by the manufacturer to be allocated to each of the cross-sectional rings included in that particular bodywork section.
Energija, ki jo je treba prenesti na določen del karoserije, je seštevek energij, ki jih določi proizvajalec in ki jih porabijo posamezni krožni nosilci v prečnem preseku na tem delu karoserije.
The appropriate proportion of the energy prescribed in Sub-appendix 1 to this appendix shall be applied to the bodywork section by the pendulum such that at the moment of impact the direction of motion of the pendulum makes an angle of 25 degrees (+ 0o, - 5o) to the central longitudinal vertical plane of the bodywork section.
Ustrezen delež energije, določene v Poddodatku 1 tega dodatka, se z nihalom prenese na del karoserije tako, da v trenutku udarca gibanje nihala tvori kot 25 stopinj (+0o, -5o) glede na vzdolžno navpično ravnino dela karoserije.
The precise angle within this range shall be specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
Točno velikost kota znotraj tega obsega določi proizvajalec vozila.
A sufficient number of tests shall be carried out for the technical service conducting the test to be satisfied that the requirement specified in paragraph 3.1. of this annex has been met.
Opraviti je treba zadostno število preskusov, da je tehnična služba, ki opravlja preskuse, zadovoljna, da se upoštevajo vse zahteve, navedene v odstavku 3.1 te priloge.
For the purposes of the test, bodywork sections shall have sections of the normal structure fitted between the pillars in relation to the floor, underframe, sides and roof.
V tem preskusu se pri delih karoserije deli običajne konstrukcije namestijo med stebričke glede na pod, okvir podvozja, stene in streho.
Sections of such components as baggage racks, ventilation ducting etc., where fitted, shall also be included.
Vključijo se tudi sestavni deli, kot so police za prtljago, vodi za prezračevanje itd., če so vgrajeni.
Every door and opening window of the bodywork section shall be closed and latched but not locked.
Vsaka vrata in vsako okno na tem delu karoserije, ki se odpira, so zaprti, zapahnjeni, ampak ne zaklenjeni.
Where appropriate, seats may also be included, at the option of the manufacturer, in their normal positions in relation to the structure of the bodywork section.
Kjer je to ustrezno, se po izbiri proizvajalca lahko vključijo tudi sedeži v običajni legi glede na konstrukcijo dela karoserije.
The normal fixings and joints between all members and attachments shall be incorporated.
Vgradijo se običajne pritrditve in spoji med vsemi nosilci in priključki.
The backrests if adjustable shall be in their most upright position and the height of the seats, if adjustable, shall be in the highest position.
Nasloni sedežev, če so nastavljivi, so v najbolj pokončni legi in višina, če je nastavljiva, je v najvišjem položaju.
The side of the bodywork section to be impacted shall be at the discretion of the manufacturer.
Del karoserije, v katerega nihalo udari, določi proizvajalec.
Where more than one bodywork section is required to be tested, both shall be impacted on the same side.
Če je treba preskuse opraviti na več delih karoserije, nihalo v vsak del udari na isti strani.
High speed photography, deformable templates or other suitable means shall be used to determine that the requirement specified in paragraph 3.1. of this annex has been met.
S hitrim fotografiranjem, šablonami, ki se lahko deformirajo, ali z drugimi ustreznimi sredstvi se določi, ali se upoštevajo zahteve iz odstavka 3.1.
Templates shall be fixed to a substantially non-deformable part of the structure.
Šablone se pritrdijo na del konstrukcije, ki se ne more bistveno deformirati.
The bodywork section to be tested shall be firmly and securely attached to the mounting frame through the cross-bearers or parts which replace these in such a way that no significant energy is absorbed in the support frame and its attachments during the impact.
Del karoserije, ki se preskuša, se prek prečnih nosilcev ali delov, ki jih nadomeščajo, trdno in varno vpne v pritrdilni okvir tako, da med udarcem nihala oporni okvir in njegove pritrditve ne absorbirajo bistvene količine energije.
The pendulum shall be released from such a height that it strikes the bodywork section at a speed of between 3 and 8 m/s.
Nihalo se spusti s take višine, da v del karoserije udari s hitrostjo med 3 in 8 m/s.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PENDULUM
OPIS NIHALA
The striking face of the pendulum shall be made of steel, or plywood 20 mm ± 5 mm thick, and the mass of the pendulum shall be evenly distributed.
Udarna površina nihala je izdelana iz jekla ali vezane plošče z debelino 20 mm ±5 mm in masa nihala je enakomerno porazdeljena.
Its striking face shall be rectangular and flat, having a width of not less than the width of the bodywork section being tested and a height of not less than 800 mm. Its edges shall be rounded to a radius of curvature of not less than 15 mm.
Udarna površina je pravokotne oblike in ploščata, s širino, ki ni manjša od širine dela karoserije, ki se preskuša, in z višino najmanj 800 mm. Robovi nihala so zaobljeni s polmerom najmanj 15 mm.
The body of the pendulum shall be rigidly attached to two rigid bars.
Telo nihala se trdno pripne na dva toga drogova.
The axis of the bars shall be not less than 3500 mm from the geometric centre of the body of the pendulum.
Os drogov je od geometrijskega središča telesa nihala odmaknjena najmanj 3500 mm.
CALCULATION OF TOTAL ENERGY (E*)
IZRAČUN SKUPNE ENERGIJE (E*)
The shape of the cross-section of the body is assumed to be rectangular.
Oblika preseka karoserije je pravokotna.
The suspension system is assumed to be rigidly fixed.
Sistem vzmetenja je trdno pritrjen.
The movement of the bodywork section is assumed to be pure rotation about point ‘A’.
Gibanje dela karoserije je kroženje okoli točke „A“.
Calculation of total energy (E*)
Izračun skupne energije (E*)
If the fall of the centre of gravity (h) is determined by graphical methods, E* may be taken to be given by the formula:
Če se padec težišča (h) določi z grafično metodo, se E* lahko izračuna po naslednji enačbi:
Alternatively, E* may be calculated by the formula:
Razen tega se E* lahko izračuna po naslednji enačbi:
(Nm) where:
(Nm), kjer je:
M = the mass in running order of the vehicle (kg)
M = masa vozila, pripravljenega za vožnjo (kg)
W = the overall width of the vehicle (m)
W = skupna širina vozila (m)
the height of the centre of gravity of the unladen vehicle (m)
višina težišča neobremenjenega vozila (m)
H = the height of the vehicle (m)
H = višina vozila (m)
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE MAIN ENERGY ABSORBING PARTS OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE
ZAHTEVE ZA PORAZDELITEV GLAVNIH DELOV NADGRADNJE, KI ABSORBIRAJO ENERGIJO
A sufficient number of tests shall be carried out for the technical service to be satisfied that the complete vehicle meets the requirements of paragraph 3.1. of this annex.
Opraviti je treba zadostno število preskusov, da je tehnična služba, ki opravlja preskuse, zadovoljna, da celotno vozilo izpolnjuje vse zahteve, navedene v odstavku 3.1 te priloge.
This shall not necessarily require more than one test.
Za to ni nujno opraviti več kot en preskus.
Calculations based on data obtained from a test on a bodywork section may be used to demonstrate the acceptability of another bodywork section which is not identical with the bodywork section already tested if it has many structural features in common with it.
Izračuni, ki temeljijo na podatkih, pridobljenih s preskusom na delu karoserije, se lahko uporabijo za dokazovanje sprejemljivosti drugega dela karoserije, ki ni enak preskušenemu delu, če imata oba dela veliko skupnih značilnosti.
The manufacturer shall declare which pillars of the superstructure are considered as contributing to its strength and shall also declare the amount of energy (Ei) that each pillar is intended to absorb.
Proizvajalec določi, za katere stebričke nadgradnje se šteje, da prispevajo k njeni trdnosti, in določi količino energije (Ei), ki naj bi jo absorbiral vsak stebriček.
These declarations shall meet the following criteria:
Ti dve ugotovitvi ustrezata naslednjim merilom:
where m is the total number of declared pillars.
kjer je m skupno število stebričkov, ki jih je določil proizvajalec.
where n is the number of declared pillars forward of the centre of gravity of the vehicle;
kjer je n število stebričkov, ki jih je določil proizvajalec in so pred težiščem vozila;
where p is the number of declared pillars to the rear of the centre of gravity of the vehicle.
kjer je p število stebričkov, ki jih je določil proizvajalec in so za težiščem vozila.
this shall apply only where dmax is greater than 0,8 × maximum deflection permitted without intrusion of the residual space.
to velja le, če je dmax večji od 0,8 × največja deformacija, ki je dovoljena, da ni vdora v prostor za preživetje;
is the declared amount of energy that can be absorbed by ith pillar of the superstructure,
določena količina energije, ki jo lahko absorbira i-ti stebriček nadgradnje,
is the declared amount of energy that can be absorbed by the ith pillar forward of the centre gravity of the vehicle,
določena količina energije, ki jo lahko absorbira i-ti stebriček nadgradnje, ki je pred težiščem vozila,
is the declared amount of energy that can be absorbed by the ith pillar to the rear of the centre of gravity of the vehicle,
določena količina energije, ki jo lahko absorbira i-ti stebriček nadgradnje, ki je za težiščem vozila,
E* is the total energy to be absorbed by the complete structure of the vehicle,
E* skupna energija, ki jo mora celotna konstrukcija vozila absorbirati,
is the greatest amount of deflection measured in the direction of impact of any section of the bodywork structure after it has absorbed its own declared impact energy.
največja vrednost odklona, izmerjenega v smeri udarca, za vsak del karoserije potem, ko je absorbiral zanj predvideno energijo udarca,
is the least amount of deflection, measured in the direction of impact and at the same point on the bay as dmax, of any section of the bodywork structure after it has absorbed its own declared impact energy.
je najmanjša vrednost odklona, izmerjenega v smeri udarca in na isti točki karoserije kot pri dmax, za vsak del karoserije potem, ko je absorbiral zanj predvideno energijo udarca.
= weighted mean distance of the declared pillars in front of the centre of gravity of the vehicle.
ocenjena povprečna oddaljenost stebričkov, ki jih je določil proizvajalec, pred težiščem vozila.
= weighted mean distance of the declared pillars to the rear of the centre of gravity of the vehicle.
ocenjena povprečna oddaljenost stebričkov, ki jih je določil proizvajalec, za težiščem vozila.
is the distance from the centre of gravity of the vehicle of the ith pillar forward of the centre of gravity.
razdalja med težiščem in i-tim stebričkom pred težiščem.
is the distance from the centre of gravity of the vehicle of the ith pillar rearward of the centre of gravity.
razdalja med težiščem in i-tim stebričkom za težiščem.
is the distance of the front of the vehicle from the centre of gravity of the vehicle.
razdalja med sprednjim delom vozila in težiščem vozila.
is the distance of the rear of the vehicle from the centre of gravity of the vehicle.
razdalja med zadnjim delom vozila in težiščem vozila.
VERIFICATION OF STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE BY CALCULATION
RAČUNSKO PREVERJANJE TRDNOSTI NADGRADNJE
A superstructure or sections of a superstructure may be shown to meet the requirement specified in paragraph 3.1 of this Annex by a calculation method approved by the technical service responsible for conducting the tests.
Z računsko metodo, ki jo odobri tehnična služba, pristojna za izvedbo preskusov, se lahko dokaže, da nadgradnja ali del nadgradnje izpolnjuje zahteve, navedene v odstavku 3.1 te priloge.
If the structure is likely to be subject to deformations beyond the elastic limit of the materials used, then the calculations shall simulate the behaviour of the structure when undergoing large plastic deformations.
Če obstaja verjetnost, da bodo na konstrukciji nastale deformacije, ki bodo presegale elastičnost uporabljenih materialov, izračun posnema vedenje konstrukcije ob velikih oblikovnih deformacijah.
The technical service responsible for conducting the tests may require tests to be carried out on joints or parts of the structure to verify the assumptions made in the calculation.
Tehnična služba, pristojna za opravljanje preskusov, lahko zahteva preskus spojev ali delov konstrukcije zaradi preverjanja predpostavk, postavljenih med izračunom.
PREPARATIONS FOR CALCULATION
PRIPRAVE NA IZRAČUN
Calculations cannot be started until the structure has been analysed and a mathematical model of it produced.
Izračuna ni mogoče začeti, dokler se ne analizira konstrukcija in oblikuje njen matematični model.
This will define the separate members to be considered and identify the points at which plastic hinges may develop.
S tem se določijo posamezni nosilci, ki jih je treba upoštevati, in ugotovijo točke, na katerih lahko pride do ukrivljenja.
The dimensions of the members and the properties of material used must be stated.
Navesti je treba mere nosilcev in lastnosti uporabljenega materiala.
Physical tests must be made on the hinge points to determine the force (moment of rotation)-deformation characteristics in the plastic mode as this is essential data for the calculations.
Na ukrivljenih delih je treba izvesti dejanske preskuse, da se določijo značilnosti sile (navora) in deformacije oblike, ker so to pomembni podatki za izračun.
The strain rate and the dynamic yield stress appropriate for this strain rate must be determined.
Določiti je treba stopnjo deformacije in mejo dinamične elastičnosti, ki ustreza tej deformaciji.
If the calculation method will not indicate when a significant fracture will occur, it will be essential to determine, by experiment, separate analyses or appropriate dynamic distribution.
Če z računsko metodo ni mogoče določiti, kdaj nastane pomemben prelom, je to treba dokazati s preskusi, ločenimi analizami ali ustrezno dinamično porazdelitvijo obremenitve.
Distribution of loading along the length of a vehicle shall be stated.
Navede se porazdelitev obremenitve po dolžini vozila.
The calculation method shall include the deformations up to the elastic limits of the materials followed by the identification of where plastic hinges will form and the subsequent formation of other plastic hinges unless the position and sequences of formation of plastic hinges is known from previous experience.
Računska metoda vključuje deformacije do meje elastičnosti materiala, ki jim sledi določitev mest, na katerih bo prišlo do ukrivljenj, ki jim sledijo nadaljnja ukrivljenja, razen če sta mesto in zaporedje ukrivljenj znana že prej.
The method shall accommodate the changes in geometry of the structure that take place, at least up to the stage where the deformations have passed the acceptable limits.
Metoda upošteva spremembe geometrije konstrukcije najmanj do stopnje, ko deformacije presežejo sprejemljive meje.
The calculations shall simulate the energy and direction of impact which would occur if that particular superstructure were to be submitted to the roll-over tests prescribed in Appendix 1.
Izračuni posnemajo energijo in smer udarca, ki bi nastala, če bi to nadgradnjo vključili v preskus prevračanja, opisan v Dodatku 1.
The validity of the calculation method shall have been established by comparison with the results of physical tests, which need not necessarily have been made in connection with the vehicle now being approved.
Veljavnost računske metode se določi s primerjavo rezultatov dejanskih preskusov, za katere ni nujno, da so se izvedli v povezavi z vozilom, ki je zdaj v postopku homologacije.
TEST OF SECTION OF SUPERSTRUCTURE
PRESKUS DELA NADGRADNJE
When a calculation method is used for a section of the complete superstructure, the same conditions shall apply as stated above for the complete vehicle.
Če se računska metoda uporabi za en del celotne nadgradnje, veljajo enaki pogoji kot zgoraj za celotno vozilo.
GUIDELINES FOR MEASURING THE CLOSING FORCES OF POWER-OPERATED DOORS
SMERNICE ZA MERJENJE SIL ZAPIRANJA VRAT, KI DELUJEJO S TUJO SILO
(see Annex 3, paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.1.)
(glej odstavek 7.6.5.6.1.1 Priloge 3)
The closing of a power-operated door is a dynamic process.
Zapiranje vrat, ki delujejo s tujo silo, je dinamičen postopek.
When a moving door hits an obstacle, the result is a dynamic reaction force, the history of which (in time) depends on several factors (e.g. mass of the door, acceleration, dimensions).
Če vrata pri gibanju zadenejo v oviro, nastane sila dinamične reakcije, ki je (časovno) odvisna od več dejavnikov (npr. mase vrat, pospeška, mer).
Closing force F(t) is a time function, measured at the closing edges of the door (see paragraph 3.2).
Sila zapiranja F(t) je časovna funkcija, izmerjena na robovih zapiranja vrat. (glej spodnji odstavek 3.2 spodaj).
Peak force FS is the maximum value of the closing force.
Največja sila FS je največja vrednost sile zapiranja.
Effective force FE is the average value of the closing force related to the pulse duration:
Efektivna sila FE je povprečna vrednost sile zapiranja glede na trajanje impulza:
Pulse duration T is the time between the t1 and t2:
Trajanje impulza T je čas med t1 in t2:
Where,
Kjer je:
= threshold of sensitivity, where the closing force exceeds 50 N.
prag občutljivosti, kjer sila zapiranja preseže 50 N,