natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
If the manufacturer chooses this method of testing, the following additional information shall be supplied to the technical service, in addition to the data, and drawings listed in paragraph 3.2 of this Regulation:
Če proizvajalec izbere to metodo preskušanja, se tehnični službi poleg podatkov in risb, navedenih v odstavku 3.2 tega pravilnika, predložijo naslednje dodatne informacije:
drawings of the body sections to be tested.
risbe delov nadgradnje, ki se preskušajo;
energy values to be absorbed by the individual bays of the superstructure, as well as the energy values belonging to the body sections to be tested.
energijske vrednosti, ki jih absorbira posamezna odprtina nadgradnje, kot tudi energijska vrednost, ki pripada delom nadgradnje, ki se preskušajo;
verification of the energy requirement, see paragraph 4.2 below, upon completion of successful quasi-static loading tests of body sections.
potrditev energetske zahteve, glej spodnji odstavek 4.2, po uspešnem zaključku navidezno statičnih obremenitvenih preskusov delov nadgradnje.
The manufacturer shall consider the requirements given in Annex 6, paragraphs 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3, when designing and producing the body sections for test.
Proizvajalec pri načrtovanju in izdelavi delov nadgradnje za preskus upošteva zahteve iz odstavkov 3.1, 3.2 in 3.3 Priloge 6.
The body sections shall be equipped with the residual space profile, at positions where it is considered that the pillars or other structural elements are likely to intrude as a result of the expected deformation.
Deli nadgradnje se opremijo s profilom prostora za preživetje na mestih, kamor bodo najverjetneje vdrli stebrički ali drugi konstrukcijski elementi kot posledica pričakovane deformacije.
Each body section to be tested shall be firmly and securely attached to the test bench through a rigid underframe structure in such a way that:
Vsak del nadgradnje, ki se preskuša, se trdno in varno pritrdi na preskusno delovno mizo prek toge konstrukcije podvozja tako, da:
local plastic deformation shall not occur around the attachment points;
se okoli pritrdilnih točk ne pojavi lokalna plastična deformacija;
the location and method of attachment shall not inhibit the formation and working of expected plastic zones and hinges.
mesto in način pritrditve ne ovirata oblikovanja in delovanja predvidenih plastičnih predelov in zgibov.
For application of the load to the body section, the following rules shall be considered:
Za delovanje obremenitve na del nadgradnje se upoštevajo naslednja pravila:
the load shall be evenly distributed on the cantrail, through a rigid beam, which is longer than the cantrail to simulate the ground in a rollover test, and which follows the geometry of the cantrail.
obremenitev je na vratnem krilu enakomerno porazdeljena prek togega nosilca, ki je daljši od vratnega krila, da se v preskusu s prevračanjem simulirajo tla, in ki sledi geometriji vratnega krila;
the direction of the applied load (see figure A7.1) shall be related to the longitudinal vertical centre plane of the vehicle and its inclination (α) shall be determined as follows:
smer nastale obremenitve (glej sliko A7.1) je povezana z vzdolžno vodoravno navpično srednjo ravnino vozila, njen nagib (α) pa se določi na naslednji način:
the cantrail height (in mm) of the vehicle measured from the horizontal plane on which it is standing.
višina vratnega krila (v mm) vozila, izmerjena z vodoravne ravnine, na kateri stoji.
Figure A7.1
Slika A7.1
Bay (1) (m1)
odprtina (1) (m1) VLCP
CG of body section
CG dela nadgradnje
the load shall be applied to the beam at the centre of gravity of the body section derived from the masses of its bays and the structural elements connecting them.
obremenitev deluje na nosilec v težišču dela nadgradnje, pridobljenem iz mase njegovih odprtin in konstrukcijskih elementov, ki jih povezujejo.
Using the symbols of Figure A.7.1, the position of the body section can be determined by the following formula:
Z uporabo simbolov iz slike A7.1 se lahko položaj dela nadgradnje določi z naslednjo formulo:
s the number of the bays in the body section
s število odprtin v delu nadgradnje
the mass of the ith bay
masa odprtine i
the distance of the centre of gravity of the ith bay from a selected pivot point (the central plane of Bay(1) in figure A7.1)
razdalja težišča odprtine i od izbrane točke vrtenja (srednja ravnina odprtine (1) na sliki A7.1)
the distance of the centre of gravity of the body section from the same selected pivot point.
razdalja težišča dela nadgradnje od iste izbrane točke vrtenja
the load shall be increased gradually, taking measurements of the associated deformation at discrete intervals until the ultimate deformation (du) when the residual space is invaded by one of the elements of the body section.
obremenitev se postopoma povečuje z meritvami s tem povezane deformacije v ločenih intervalih vse do popolne deformacije (du), ko eden od elementov dela nadgradnje vdre v prostor za preživetje.
When plotting the load-deflection curve:
Pri načrtovanju krivulje upogiba zaradi obremenitve:
the frequency of measurement shall be such as to produce a continuous curve (see figure A.7.2);
je pogostost meritev takšna, da je krivulja neprekinjena (glej sliko A7.2);
the values of load and deformation shall be measured simultaneously;
se vrednosti obremenitve in deformacija izmerijo sočasno;
the deformation of the loaded cantrail shall be measured in the plane and direction of the applied load;
se deformacija obremenjenega vratnega krila izmeri na ravnini in v smeri nastale obremenitve;
both load and deformation shall be measured to an accuracy of ± 1 per cent.
se tako obremenitev kot tudi deformacija izmerita s točnostjo ± 1 odstotek.
EVALUATION OF TEST RESULTS
OCENA REZULTATOV PRESKUSA
From the plotted load-deformation curve the actual energy absorbed by the body section (EBS) shall be expressed as the area below the curve (see figure A.7.2).
Na načrtovani krivulji deformacije zaradi obremenitve se dejanska absorbirana energija v delu nadgradnje (EDN) izrazi kot predel pod krivuljo (glej sliko A7.2).
Figure A7.2
Slika A7.2
Absorbed energy for the body section, derived from the measured load-deformation curve
Absorbirana energija za del nadgradnje, pridobljena iz izmerjene krivulje deformacije zaradi obremenitve
load
obremenitev
measured curve
izmerjena krivulja
absorbed energy
absorbirana energija
derived curve
izpeljana krivulja
The minimum energy required to be absorbed by the body section (Emin) shall be determined as follows:
Minimalna energija, ki jo mora absorbirati del nadgradnje (Emin), se določi na naslednji način:
the total energy (ET) to be absorbed by the superstructure is:
skupna energija (ET), ki jo mora absorbirati nadgradnja, je:
M Mk, unladen kerb mass of the vehicle if there are no occupant restraints; or, Mt, total effective vehicle mass when occupant restraints are fitted,
M Mk, masa neobremenjenega vozila brez zadrževalnega sistema; ali Mt, skupna efektivna masa vozila z vgrajenimi zadrževalnimi sistemi
Δh the vertical movement (in metres) of the vehicle centre of gravity during a rollover test, as determined in appendix 1 to this annex.
Δh vertikalni premik (v metrih) težišča vozila med preskusom s prevračanjem, kakor je opredeljeno v Dodatku 1 k tej prilogi
the total energy ‘ET’ shall be distributed among the bays of the superstructure in the proportions of their masses:
skupna energija „ET“ se porazdeli med odprtine nadgradnje v sorazmerju z njihovimi masami:
the absorbed energy by the ‘ith’ bay
energija, ki jo absorbira odprtina „i“
mass of the ‘ith’ bay, as determined in annex 4, paragraph 4.1
masa odprtine „i“, kakor je opredeljeno v odstavku 4.1 Priloge 4
the minimum energy required to be absorbed by the body section (Emin) is the sum of the energy of the bays comprising the body section:
minimalna zahtevana energija, ki jo absorbira del nadgradnje (Emin), je vsota energije odprtin, ki sestavljajo del nadgradnje:
The body section passes the loading test, if:
Del nadgradnje opravi obremenitveni preskus, če je:
In this case, all the bays which form that body section are considered to have passed the quasi-static loading test and these results can be quoted in future requests for approval provided that the component bays are not expected to carry a greater mass in the subsequent superstructure.
V tem primeru se za vse odprtine, ki sestavljajo del nadgradnje, šteje, da so opravile navidezno statičen obremenitveni preskus in ti rezultati se lahko navedejo v prihodnjih zahtevah za homologacijo, pod pogojem, da se ne pričakuje, da imajo sestavni deli odprtin v naknadni nadgradnji večjo maso.
The body section fails the loading test if:
Del nadgradnje ne opravi obremenitvenega preskusa, če je:
In this case all the bays which form that body section are considered to have failed the test even if the residual space is invaded in only one of the bays.
V tem primeru se za vse odprtine, ki oblikujejo del nadgradnje, šteje, da niso opravile preskusa, tudi če se v prostor za preživetje vdre samo skozi eno od odprtin.
The vehicle type shall be approved if all the required body sections pass the loading test.
Tip vozila se homologira, če vsi zahtevani deli nadgradnje opravijo obremenitveni preskus.
DOCUMENTATION OF BODY SECTION QUASI-STATIC LOADING TESTS
DOKUMENTACIJA NAVIDEZNO STATIČNIH OBREMENITVENIH PRESKUSOV
The test report shall follow the form and content of Annex 6, paragraph 6.
Poročilo o preskusu upošteva obliko in vsebino iz odstavka 6 Priloge 6.
QUASI-STATIC CALCULATION BASED ON TESTING OF COMPONENTS AS AN EQUIVALENT APPROVAL METHOD
NAVIDEZNO STATIČEN IZRAČUN NA PODLAGI PRESKUŠANJA SESTAVNIH DELOV KOT ENAKOVREDNA HOMOLOGACIJSKA METODA
If the manufacturer chooses this test method, the following information shall be given to the technical service, in addition to the data and drawings listed in paragraph 3.2. of this Regulation:
Če proizvajalec izbere to metodo preskušanja, se tehnični službi poleg podatkov in risb, navedenih v odstavku 3.2 tega pravilnika, predložijo naslednje informacije:
The location of plastic zones (PZ) and plastic hinges (PH) in the superstructure;
mesto plastičnih predelov (PP) in plastičnih zgibov (PZ) v nadgradnji;
all the individual PZ's and PH's shall be uniquely identified on the drawing of the superstructure in their geometrically defined locations (see figure A.8.1.);
vsi posamezni PP in PZ se označijo izključno na sliki nadgradnje na njihovih geometrijsko določenih mestih (glej sliko A8.1);
structural elements between the PZ's and PH's can be treated as rigid or elastic parts in the calculation, and their length shall be determined by their actual dimensions in the vehicle.
konstrukcijski elementi PP in PZ se lahko v izračunu obravnavajo kot togi ali elastični deli, njihova dolžina pa se določi z njihovimi dejanskimi dimenzijami v vozilu.
The technical parameters of PZ's and PH's;
Tehnični parametri PP in PZ;
the cross-sectional geometry of the structural elements in which the PZ's and PH's are located;
geometrija premera konstrukcijskih elementov, v katerih so nameščeni PP in PZ;
the type and direction of loading applied to each PZ and PH;
vrsta in smer obremenitve, delujoče na vsak PP in PZ;
the load-deformation curve of each PZ and PH as described in appendix 1 of this annex.
krivulja upogiba zaradi obremenitve vsakega PP in PZ, kot je opisano v Dodatku 1 k tej prilogi.
The manufacturer may use either the static, or the dynamic characteristics of the PZ's and PH's for the calculation but shall not mix static and dynamic characteristics in one calculation.
Proizvajalec lahko za izračun uporabi statične ali dinamične značilnosti PP in PZ, vendar pa v enem izračunu statičnih in dinamičnih značilnosti ne sme pomešati.
Figure A8.1
Slika A8.1
Geometrical parameters of plastic hinges on a bay
Geometrični parametri plastičnih zgibov na odprtini
A statement of the total energy (ET) to be absorbed by the superstructure, using the formula stated in paragraph 3.1. below.
Navedba skupne energije (ET), ki jo mora absorbirati nadgradnja, z uporabo formule, navedene v spodnjem odstavku 3.1.
A brief technical description of the algorithm and computer program which are used for the calculation.
Kratek tehnični opis algoritma in računalniškega programa, ki se uporabljata za izračun.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE QUASI-STATIC CALCULATION
ZAHTEVE ZA NAVIDEZNO STATIČEN IZRAČUN
For the calculation, the complete superstructure shall be mathematically modelled as a load-bearing and deformable structure, taking account of the following:
Celotna nadgradnja se za izračun matematično oblikuje kot nosilna konstrukcija, ki se lahko deformira, ob upoštevanju naslednjega:
the superstructure shall be modelled as a single loaded unit containing deformable PZ's and PH's, connected by appropriate structural elements;
nadgradnja se oblikuje kot posamezna naložena enota, ki vsebuje PP in PZ, ki se lahko deformirajo, povezane z ustreznimi konstrukcijskimi elementi;
the superstructure shall have the actual dimensions of the bodywork.
nadgradnja ima dejanske dimenzije karoserije.
The inner contour of the side-wall pillars and roof structure shall be used when checking the residual space;
Pri pregledu prostora za preživetje se uporabi notranji obris stranskih stebričkov in strešne konstrukcije;
the PH's shall utilise the actual dimensions of the pillars and structural elements on which they are located (see Appendix 1 of this annex).
PZ uporabljajo dejanske dimenzije stebričkov in konstrukcijskih elementov, na katerih so nameščeni (glej Dodatek 1 k tej prilogi).
The applied loads in the calculation shall meet the following requirements:
Nastale obremenitve v izračunu izpolnjujejo naslednje zahteve:
the active load shall be applied in the transverse plane containing the centre of gravity of the superstructure (vehicle) which is perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal centre plane (VLCP) of the vehicle.
aktivna obremenitev deluje na prečno ravnino s težiščem nadgradnje (vozila), ki je pravokotna na navpično vzdolžno srednjo ravnino (NVSR) vozila.
The active load shall be applied on the cantrail of the superstructure through an absolutely rigid load application plane, which extends in both directions beyond the cantrail and any adjacent structure.
Aktivna obremenitev deluje na vratno krilo nadgradnje prek popolnoma toge ravnine delovanja obremenitve, ki se širi v obe smeri nad vratnim krilom in vsako sosednjo konstrukcijo;
At the beginning of the simulation the load application plane shall touch the cantrail at its most distant part from the vertical longitudinal central plane.
na začetku simulacije se ravnina delovanja obremenitve dotika vratnega krila na svojem delu, najbolj oddaljenem od navpične vzdolžne srednje ravnine.
The contact points between the load application plane and the superstructure shall be defined to ensure an exact load transfer.
Določijo se kontaktne točke med ravnino delovanja obremenitve in nadgradnjo, da se zagotovi natančen prenos obremenitve;
the active load shall have an inclination α related to the vertical longitudinal centre plane of the vehicle (see figure A.8.2).
aktivna obremenitev ima nagib α, povezan z navpično vzdolžno srednjo ravnino vozila (glej sliko A.8.2):
The direction of action of the active load shall not be changed during the calculation.
Smer delovanja aktivne obremenitve se med izračunom ne spremeni;
the active load shall be increased by small incremental steps and the whole structural deformation shall be calculated at every loading step.
aktivna obremenitev se z majhnimi posamičnimi koraki poveča in celotna deformacija konstrukcije se izračuna na vsakem koraku obremenitve.
The number of loading steps shall exceed 100 and the steps shall be quasi-equal.
Število korakov obremenitve ni večje od 100 in koraki so navidezno enaki;
during the deformation process the load application plane may, in addition to parallel translation, be allowed to rotate around the axis of intersection of the load application plane with the transverse plane containing the centre of gravity, in order to follow the asymmetric deformation of the superstructure.
med postopkom deformacije se lahko ravnina delovanja obremenitve, poleg vzporednega prenosa, vrti okoli osi stičišča ravnine delovanja obremenitve s prečno ravnino s težiščem, da se upošteva asimetrična deformacija nadgradnje;
the passive (supporting) forces shall be applied on the rigid underfloor structure causing no influence on the structural deformation.
pasivne (podporne) sile se uporabijo na togi talni konstrukciji, ki ne vpliva na deformacijo konstrukcije.
Figure A8.2
Slika A8.2
Load application to the superstructure
Delovanje obremenitve na nadgradnjo
The algorithm of the calculation and the computer program shall meet the following requirements:
Algoritem izračuna in računalniški program izpolnjujeta naslednje zahteve:
the program shall take account of non-linearities in the PH characteristics and large scale structural deformations;
program upošteva nelinearnosti v značilnostih PZ in velik obseg deformacij konstrukcije;
the program shall accommodate the working range of PH's and PZ's and shall stop the calculation if the deformation of PH's exceeds the validated working range (see Appendix 1 of this annex);
program prilagodi delovni obseg PZ in PP ter prekine izračun, če deformacija PZ presega potrjen delovni razpon (glej Dodatek 1 k tej prilogi);
the program shall be able to calculate the total energy absorbed by the superstructure at every incremental load step;
program lahko izračuna skupno energijo, ki jo absorbira nadgradnja na vsakem posamičnem koraku obremenitve;
the program shall be able to detect and identify the incremental load step at which overall collapse of the superstructure begins; when the superstructure becomes unstable and deformation continues without an increase of the load.
program lahko odkrije in določi posamičen korak obremenitve, pri katerem se začne popolna zrušitev nadgradnje; ko nadgradnja postane nestabilna in se deformacija nadaljuje brez povečanja obremenitve.
EVALUATION OF THE CALCULATION
OCENA IZRAČUNA
The total energy (ET) to be absorbed by the superstructure shall be determined as follows:
Skupna energija (ET), ki jo mora absorbirati nadgradnja, se določi na naslednji način:
M Mk the unladen kerb mass of the vehicle, if there are no restraints, or
M Mk, masa neobremenjenega vozila brez zadrževalnih sistemov, ali
Mt the total effective vehicle mass when occupant restraints are fitted
Mt, skupna efektivna masa vozila z vgrajenimi zadrževalnimi sistemi
G the gravitational constant
G gravitacijska konstanta
Δh the vertical movement (in metres) of the vehicle centre of gravity during a rollover test, as determined in Appendix 1 of Annex 7.
Δh vertikalni premik (v metrih) težišča vozila med preskusom s prevračanjem, kakor je opredeljeno v Dodatku 1 k Prilogi 7
The absorbed energy (Ea) of the superstructure is calculated at the incremental load step at which the residual space is first touched by any of the rigid structural parts.
Absorbirana energija (Ea) nadgradnje se izračuna pri posamičnem koraku obremenitve, pri katerem se kateri koli togi konstrukcijski del prvič dotakne prostora za preživetje.
The vehicle type shall be approved if Ea≥ ET
Tip vozila se homologira, če je Ea ≥ ET.
DOCUMENTATION OF QUASI-STATIC CALCULATION
DOKUMENTACIJA NAVIDEZNO STATIČNEGA IZRAČUNA
The calculation report shall contain the following information:
Poročilo o izračunu mora vsebovati naslednje podatke:
detailed mechanical description of the superstructure containing the location of PZ's and PH's and defining the rigid and elastic parts;
podroben mehanični opis nadgradnje, ki vsebuje mesto PP in PZ ter določa toge in elastične dele;
data obtained from the tests and the resultant graphs;
podatke, pridobljene s preskusi, in s tem povezane grafe;
a statement of whether or not the requirement of paragraph 5.1 of this Regulation are met;
izjavo, ali so zahteve iz odstavka 5.1 tega pravilnika izpolnjene;
identification of the vehicle type and the personnel responsible for the tests, the calculations, and the evaluation.
opredelitev tipa vozila in osebja, odgovornega za preskus, izračune in oceno.
COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ROLLOVER TEST ON COMPLETE VEHICLE AS AN EQUIVALENT APPROVAL METHOD
RAČUNALNIŠKA SIMULACIJA PRESKUSA S PREVRAČANJEM NA CELOTNEM VOZILU KOT ENAKOVREDNA HOMOLOGACIJSKA METODA
The superstructure may be shown to meet the requirements specified in paragraphs 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 of this Regulation by a computer simulation method approved by the technical service.
Z metodo računalniške simulacije, ki jo odobri tehnična služba, se lahko dokaže, da nadgradnja izpolnjuje zahteve, navedene v odstavkih 5.1.1 in 5.1.2 tega pravilnika.
if the manufacturer chooses this testing method, the following information shall be supplied to the technical service in addition to the data, and drawings listed in paragraph 3.2 of this Regulation:
Če proizvajalec izbere to metodo preskušanja, se tehnični službi poleg podatkov in risb, navedenih v odstavku 3.2 tega pravilnika, predložijo naslednje informacije:
A description of the applied simulation and calculation method which has been utilised, and clear precise identification of the analysis software, including at least, its producer, its commercial name, the version used and contact details of the developer.
Opis uporabljene simulacije in metode izračuna, ki je bila uporabljena, ter jasno in natančno opredelitev analize programske opreme, vključno z vsaj njenim proizvajalcem, njenim trgovskim imenom, uporabljeno različico in kontaktnimi podatki razvijalca.
The material models and the input data utilized.
Vzorce materiala in uporabljene vnosne podatke.
The values for defined masses, centre of gravity and the moments of inertia used in the mathematical model.
Vrednosti za določene mase, težišče in vztrajnostne momente, ki se uporabljajo v matematičnem modelu.
THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL
MATEMATIČNI MODEL
The model shall be capable of describing the real physical behavior of the rollover process, in accordance with Annex 5.
Model lahko opiše realno fizično obnašanje postopka prevračanja v skladu s Prilogo 5.
The mathematical model shall be constructed, and assumptions prescribed, in such a way that the calculation gives conservative results.
Matematični model je izdelan in predpostavke so predpisane tako, da izračun daje ohranljive rezultate.
The model shall be built up with the following considerations:
Model se oblikuje ob upoštevanju naslednjega:
the technical service may require tests to be carried out on the actual vehicle structure to prove the validity of the mathematical model and to verify the assumptions made in the model.
tehnična služba lahko zahteva izvedbo preskusov na dejanski konstrukciji vozila, da se dokaže veljavnost matematičnega modela in preverijo predpostavke iz tega modela;
the total mass and the centre of gravity position used in the mathematical model shall be identical to those of the vehicle to be approved.
skupna masa in lega težišča, ki se uporabljata v matematičnem modelu, sta enaki tistim v vozilu v postopku homologacije;
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ALGORITHM AND SIMULATION PROGRAM, AND FOR COMPUTING EQUIPMENT
ZAHTEVE ZA ALGORITEM IN SIMULACIJSKI PROGRAM TER ZA RAČUNALNIŠKO OPREMO
The position of the vehicle in unstable equilibrium at point of rollover, and the position at first contact with the ground shall be specified.
Natančno se določi položaj vozila v nestabilnem ravnotežju na točki prevračanja in položaj ob prvem stiku s tlemi.
The simulation program may start at the unstable equilibrium position, but shall start, at the latest, at the point of first contact with the ground.
Simulacijski program lahko začne delovati v položaju nestabilnega ravnotežja, vendar pa najpozneje ob prvem stiku s tlemi.
The initial conditions at the point of first contact with the ground shall be defined using the change of potential energy from the unstable equilibrium position.
Začetni pogoji na točki prvega stika s tlemi se določijo s spremembo potencialne energije v položaju nestabilnega ravnotežja.
The simulation program shall run, at least, until the maximum deformation is reached.
Simulacijski program deluje vsaj dokler ni dosežena največja deformacija.