natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Regulation No 13-H of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of passenger cars with regard to braking
Pravilnik št. 13-H Ekonomske komisije Združenih narodov za Evropo (UN/ECE) – Enotne določbe o homologaciji osebnih avtomobilov glede na zavore
Supplement 9 to the original version of the Regulation — Date of entry into force: 17 March 2010
Dodatka 9 k prvotni različici Pravilnika – začetek veljavnosti: 17. marec 2010
Modification of vehicle type or braking system and extension of approval
Sprememba tipa vozila ali zavornega sistema in razširitev homologacije
Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of Administrative Departments
Imena in naslovi tehničnih služb, ki opravljajo homologacijske preskuse, ter upravnih organov
Annex 1 — Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitely discontinued of a vehicle type with regard to braking pursuant to Regulation No 13-H
Priloga 1 – Sporočilo o podeljeni, razširjeni, zavrnjeni ali preklicani homologaciji ali dokončni prekinitvi proizvodnje za tip vozila glede na zavore v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 13-H
Annex 3 — Braking tests and performance of braking systems
Priloga 3 – Preskusi zaviranja in učinek zavornih sistemov
Appendix — Procedure for monitoring the state of battery charge
Dodatek – Postopek za spremljanje stanja napolnjenosti akumulatorja
Annex 4 — Provisions relating to energy sources and energy storage devices (energy accumulators)
Priloga 4 – Določbe o virih energije in napravah za shranjevanje energije (energijskih akumulatorjih)
Annex 5 — Distribution of braking among the axles of vehicles
Priloga 5 – Porazdelitev zaviranja med osmi vozil
Appendix 1 — Wheel-lock sequence test procedure
Dodatek 1 – Preskusni postopek zaporedja blokiranja koles
Appendix 2 — Torque wheel test procedure
Dodatek 2 – Preskusni postopek navora koles
Annex 6 — Test requirements for vehicles fitted with anti-lock systems
Priloga 6 – Zahteve v preskusih za vozila s protiblokirnimi zavornimi sistemi
Appendix 1 — Symbols and definitions
Dodatek 1 – Simboli in definicije
Appendix 2 — Utilisation of adhesion
Dodatek 2 – Izkoristek oprijema
Appendix 3 — Performance on differing adhesion surfaces
Dodatek 3 – Učinek na površinah z različno oprijemljivostjo
Appendix 4 — Method of selection of the low adhesion surface
Dodatek 4 – Metoda izbiranja površine ceste z nizko stopnjo oprijemljivosti
Annex 7 — Inertia dynamometer test method for brake linings
Priloga 7 – Postopek preskušanja zavornih oblog na vztrajnostnem dinamometru
Annex 8 — Special requirements to be applied to the safety aspects of complex electronic vehicle control systems
Priloga 8 – Posebne zahteve, ki se uporabljajo za varnostne vidike kompleksnih sistemov za elektronsko krmiljenje vozila
Annex 9 — Electronic stability control and brake assist systems
Priloga 9 – Elektronski nadzor stabilnosti in sistemi pomoči pri zaviranju
This Regulation applies to the braking of vehicles of categories M1 and N1 [1].
Ta pravilnik se uporablja za zavore vozil kategorij M1 in N1 [1].
This Regulation does not cover:
Ta pravilnik ne zajema:
vehicles with a design speed not exceeding 25 km/h;
vozil, katerih največja konstrukcijsko določena hitrost ne presega 25 km/h;
vehicles fitted for invalid drivers.
vozil, opremljenih za invalidne voznike.
DEFINITIONS
OPREDELITVE IZRAZOV
‘Approval of a vehicle’ means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to braking.
„homologacija vozila“ pomeni homologacijo tipa vozila glede na zavore;
‘Vehicle type’ means a category of vehicles which do not differ in such essential respects as:
„tip vozila“ pomeni kategorijo vozil, ki se ne razlikujejo v tako bistvenih vidikih kot so:
the maximum mass, as defined in paragraph 2.11 below;
največja tehnično dovoljena masa, kot je določena v odstavku 2.11 spodaj;
the distribution of mass among the axles;
porazdelitev mase med osmi;
the maximum design speed;
največja konstrukcijsko določena hitrost;
a different type of braking equipment, with more particular reference to the presence or otherwise of equipment for braking a trailer or any presence of electric braking system;
različen tip zavorne naprave, še zlasti glede prisotnosti ali odsotnosti opreme za zaviranje priklopnega vozila ali prisotnosti električnega zavornega sistema;
the engine type;
tip motorja;
the number and ratios of gears;
število in razmerja prestav;
the final drive ratios;
prestavna razmerja gonila koles;
the tyre dimensions.
mere pnevmatik;
‘Braking equipment’ means the combination of parts whose function is progressively to reduce the speed of a moving vehicle or bring it to a halt, or to keep it stationary if it is already halted; these functions are specified in paragraph 5.1.2 below.
„zavorna naprava“ pomeni vse dele, katerih funkcija je postopno zmanjševanje hitrosti gibajočega se vozila oziroma njegovo ustavljanje ali pa zadrževanje vozila v mirovanju, če je že ustavljeno; te funkcije so opredeljene v odstavku 5.1.2 spodaj.
The equipment consists of the control, the transmission, and the brake proper.
Napravo sestavljajo upravljanje, prenosni sistem in sama zavora;
‘Control’ means the part actuated directly by the driver to furnish to the transmission the energy required for braking or controlling it.
„naprava za upravljanje“ pomeni del, ki ga neposredno aktivira voznik zaradi oskrbe prenosnega sistema z energijo, potrebno za zaviranje ali za njegovo upravljanje.
This energy may be the muscular energy of the driver, or energy from another source controlled by the driver, or a combination of these various kinds of energy.
Ta energija je lahko mišična moč voznika ali energija iz drugega vira, ki jo upravlja voznik, ali kombinacija teh različnih vrst energije;
‘Transmission’ means the combination of components comprised between the control and the brake and linking them functionally.
„prenosni sistem“ pomeni skupek sestavnih delov med upravljanjem in zavorami, ki slednje funkcionalno povezuje.
The transmission may be mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, electric or mixed.
Prenosni sistem je lahko mehanski, hidravličen, pnevmatski, električen ali kombiniran.
Where the braking power is derived from or assisted by a source of energy independent of the driver, the reserve of energy in the system is likewise part of the transmission.
Kadar zavorna moč izvira iz vira energije ali k njej prispeva vir energije, neodvisen od voznika, je zaloga energije v tem sistemu prav tako del prenosnega sistema.
The transmission is divided into two independent functions: the control transmission and the energy transmission.
Prenosni sistem se deli na dve samostojni funkciji: prenos upravljanja in prenos energije.
Whenever the term ‘transmission’ is used alone in this Regulation, it means both the ‘control transmission’ and the ‘energy transmission’:
Kadar se v tem pravilniku izraz „prenosni sistem“ uporablja samostojno, pomeni tako „prenos upravljanja“ kot „prenos energije“;
‘Control transmission’ means the combination of the components of the transmission which control the operation of the brakes, including the control function and the necessary reserve(s) of energy;
„prenos upravljanja“ pomeni kombinacijo sestavnih delov prenosa, ki upravljajo delovanje zavor, vključno s funkcijo upravljanja in potrebno zalogo energije;.
‘Energy transmission’ means the combination of the components which supply to the brakes the necessary energy for their function, including the reserve(s) of energy necessary for the operation of the brakes.
„prenos energije“ pomeni kombinacijo sestavnih delov, ki zavoram dovaja energijo, potrebno za njihovo delovanje, vključno z zalogo energije, potrebno za delovanje zavor;
‘Brake’ means the part in which the forces opposing the movement of the vehicle develop.
„zavora“ pomeni del, v katerem se razvijajo sile, ki nasprotujejo gibanju vozila.
It may be a friction brake (when the forces are generated by friction between two parts of the vehicle moving relatively to one another); an electrical brake (when the forces are generated by electro-magnetic action between two parts of the vehicle moving relatively to but not in contact with one another); a fluid brake (when the forces are generated by the action of a fluid situated between two parts of the vehicle moving relatively to one another); or an engine brake (when the forces are derived from an artificial increase in the braking action, transmitted to the wheels, of the engine).
To je lahko torna zavora (ko silo proizvaja trenje med dvema deloma vozila, ki se premikata relativno eden proti drugemu), električna zavora (ko nastajajo sile, ki izhajajo iz elektromagnetnega delovanja med dvema deloma vozila, ki se premikata relativno eden proti drugemu, vendar se ne dotikata), hidravlična zavora (ko sila nastaja zaradi delovanja tekočine med dvema deloma vozila, ki se premikata relativno eden proti drugemu) ali motorna zavora (pri kateri sile nastanejo iz umetnega povečanja zavornega delovanja motorja, ki se prenaša na kolesa);
‘Different types of braking equipment’ means equipment which differ in such essential respects as:
„različne vrste zavornih naprav“ pomeni opremo, ki se med seboj razlikuje v naslednjih bistvenih vidikih:
components having different characteristics;
sestavni deli, ki imajo različne značilnosti;
a component made of materials having different characteristics, or a component differing in shape or size;
sestavni deli, izdelani iz materiala z različnimi značilnostmi, ali sestavni deli, ki se razlikujejo po obliki ali velikosti;
a different assembly of the components.
različni sestavi sestavnih delov;
‘Component of the braking equipment’ means one of the individual parts which, when assembled, constitute the braking equipment.
„sestavni del zavorne naprave“ pomeni vsak posamezni del, ki je po montaži sestavni del zavorne naprave;
‘Progressive and graduated braking’ means braking during which, within the normal operating range of the device, and during actuation of the brakes (see paragraph 2.16 below):
„postopno in stopenjsko zaviranje“ pomeni zaviranje, pri katerem med normalnim delovanjem naprave in med aktiviranjem zavor (glej odstavek 2.16 spodaj):
the driver can at any moment increase or decrease the braking force by acting on the control;
voznik lahko v vsakem trenutku poveča ali zmanjša silo zaviranja z upravljalnim elementom;
the braking force varies proportionally as the action on the control (monotonic function);
se sila zaviranja spreminja sorazmerno z delovanjem na upravljalni element (enotna funkcija);
the braking force can be easily regulated with sufficient precision.
se sila zaviranja zlahka uravnava z zadostno natančnostjo;
‘Laden vehicle’ means, except where otherwise stated, a vehicle so laden as to attain its ‘maximum mass’.
„obremenjeno vozilo“ pomeni vozilo, natovorjeno tako, da doseže svojo „največjo maso“, razen kadar je določeno drugače;
‘Maximum mass’ means the maximum mass stated by the vehicle manufacturer to be technically permissible (this mass may be higher than the ‘permissible maximum mass’ laid down by the national administration).
„največja masa“ pomeni največjo maso, ki jo je proizvajalec vozila določil kot tehnično dovoljeno (ta masa je lahko večja od „največje dovoljene mase“, ki jo določi državna uprava);
‘The distribution of mass among the axles’ means the distribution of the effect of the gravity on the mass of the vehicle and/or its contents among the axles.
„porazdelitev mase med osmi“ pomeni porazdelitev vpliva sile težnosti na maso vozila in/ali njegovega tovora med osi;
‘Wheel/axle load’ means the vertical static reaction (force) of the road surface in the contact area on the wheel/wheels of the axle.
„obremenitev koles/osi“ pomeni navpično statično reakcijo (silo) površine ceste v dotikališču na kolo/kolesa osi;
‘Maximum stationary wheel/axle load’ means the stationary wheel/axle load achieved under the condition of the laden vehicle.
„največja statična obremenitev koles/osi“ pomeni statično obremenitev koles/osi, ko je vozilo obremenjeno;
‘Hydraulic braking equipment with stored energy’ means a braking equipment where energy is supplied by a hydraulic fluid under pressure, stored in one or more accumulator(s) fed from one or more pressure pump(s), each fitted with a means of limiting the pressure to a maximum value.
„hidravlična zavorna naprava s shranjeno energijo“ pomeni zavorni sistem, kjer energijo dobavlja hidravlična tekočina pod tlakom, shranjena v enem ali več akumulatorjih, ki jih napaja ena ali več tlačnih črpalk, opremljenih z napravo za omejevanje tlaka na najvišjo vrednost.
This value shall be specified by the manufacturer.
To vrednost določi proizvajalec;
‘Actuation’ means both application and release of the control.
„aktiviranje“ pomeni uporabo in sprostitev naprave za upravljanje;
‘Electric regenerative braking’ means a braking system which, during deceleration, provides for the conversion of vehicle kinetic energy into electrical energy.
„električno regenerativno zaviranje“ pomeni zavorni sistem, ki med pojemkom pretvarja kinetično energijo vozila v električno energijo;
‘Electric regenerative braking control’ means a device which modulates the action of the electric regenerative braking system;
„naprava za upravljanje električnega regenerativnega zaviranja“ pomeni napravo, ki uravnava delovanje električnega regenerativnega zavornega sistema;
‘Electric regenerative braking system of category A’ means an electric regenerative braking system which is not part of the service braking system;
„električni regenerativni zavorni sistem kategorije A“ pomeni električni regenerativni zavorni sistem, ki ni del delovnega zavornega sistema;
‘Electric regenerative braking system of category B’ means an electric regenerative braking system which is part of the service braking system;
„električni regenerativni zavorni sistem kategorije B“ pomeni električni regenerativni zavorni sistem, ki je del delovnega zavornega sistema;
‘Electric state of charge’ means the instantaneous ratio of electric quantity of energy stored in the traction battery relative to the maximum quantity of electric energy which could be stored in this battery;
„stanje napolnjenosti“ pomeni trenutno razmerje med količino električne energije, shranjene v pogonskem akumulatorju, in največjo količino električne energije, ki se lahko shrani v tem akumulatorju;
‘Traction battery’ means an assembly of accumulators constituting the storage of energy used for powering the traction motor(s) of the vehicle.
„pogonski akumulator“ pomeni sklop akumulatorjev za shranjevanje energije, ki se uporablja za oskrbo pogonskega motorja oziroma motorjev vozila z električno energijo;
‘Phased braking’ is a means which may be used where two or more sources of braking are operated from a common control, whereby one source may be given priority by phasing back the other source(s) so as to make increased control movement necessary before they begin to be brought into operation.
„stopnjevano zaviranje“ je funkcija, ki se lahko uporablja, kjer se za upravljanje dveh ali več virov zaviranja uporablja skupna naprava za upravljanje, pri čemer se lahko enemu viru da prednost z zadrževanjem drugih virov tako, da je za njihovo aktivacijo potrebno večje gibanje naprave za upravljanje;
‘Nominal value’ definitions for braking reference performance are required to put a value on the transfer function of the braking system, relating output to input for vehicles individually.
za oceno funkcije prenosa zavornega sistema so potrebne opredelitve „nazivne vrednosti“ za referenčni učinek zaviranja tako, da se za vozila posamezno primerja izhodna in vhodna vrednost;
‘Nominal value’ is defined as the characteristic which can be demonstrated at type approval and which relates the braking rate of the vehicle on its own to the level of the braking input variable.
„nazivna vrednost“ je opredeljena kot značilnost, ki se med homologacijo lahko dokaže in ki povezuje jakost zaviranja vozila z vrednostjo vhodnih spremenljivk zaviranja;
‘Automatically commanded braking’ means a function within a complex electronic control system where actuation of the braking system(s) or brakes of certain axles is made for the purpose of generating vehicle retardation with or without a direct action of the driver, resulting from the automatic evaluation of on-board initiated information.
„samodejno krmiljeno zaviranje“ pomeni funkcijo v kompleksnem elektronskem krmilnem sistemu, pri kateri se zavorni sistem(i) ali zavore posameznih osi z neposrednim delovanjem voznika ali brez njega po samodejni oceni informacij, ki jih posredujejo sistemi vozila aktivirajo z namenom zavirati vozilo;
‘Selective braking’ means a function within a complex electronic control system where actuation of individual brakes is made by automatic means in which vehicle retardation is secondary to vehicle behaviour modification.
„selektivno zaviranje“ pomeni funkcijo v kompleksnem elektronskem krmilnem sistemu, pri kateri se posamezne zavore aktivirajo samodejno, pri čemer je sprememba obnašanja vozila bolj pomembna kot zaviranje vozila;
‘Braking signal’: logic signal indicating brake activation as specified in paragraph 5.2.22.
„zavorni signal“: logični signal, ki opozarja, do so zavore aktivirane, kot je določeno v odstavku 5.2.22;
‘Emergency braking signal’: logic signal indicating emergency braking as specified in paragraph 5.2.23.
„zavorni signal v sili“: logični signal, ki opozarja na zaviranje v sili, kot je določeno v odstavku 5.2.23;
‘Ackerman steer angle’ means the angle whose tangent is the wheelbase divided by the radius of the turn at a very low speed.
„Ackermanov odklon krmiljenih koles“ pomeni odklon, katerega tangenta je medosna razdalja, deljena s polmerom obrata pri zelo nizki hitrosti;
‘Electronic Stability Control System’ or ‘ESC System’ means a system that has all of the following attributes:
„sistem elektronskega nadzora stabilnosti“ ali „sistem ESC“ pomeni sistem, ki ima vse naslednje lastnosti:
That improves vehicle directional stability by at least having the ability to automatically control individually the braking torques of the left and right wheels on each axle [2] to induce a correcting yaw moment based on the evaluation of actual vehicle behaviour in comparison with a determination of vehicle behaviour demanded by the driver;
izboljšuje smerno stabilnost vsaj s tem, da lahko samodejno posamezno nadzira zavorne momente levih in desnih koles na vsaki osi [2], da na podlagi ocene dejanskega obnašanja vozila v primerjavi z obnašanjem vozila, ki ga je zahteval voznik, popravi moment odmika od smeri;
That is computer controlled with the computer using a closed-loop algorithm to limit vehicle oversteer and to limit vehicle understeer based on the evaluation of actual vehicle behaviour in comparison with a determination of vehicle behaviour demanded by the driver;
je računalniško voden z računalnikom, ki z algoritmom zaprte zanke na podlagi ocene dejanskega obnašanja vozila v primerjavi z obnašanjem vozila, ki ga je zahteval voznik, omejuje preostro ali premalo ostro zavijanje vozila;
That has a means to determine directly the value of the vehicle’s yaw rate and to estimate its side-slip or side-slip derivative with respect to time;
lahko neposredno določi kotno hitrost vozila in oceno stranskega zdrsa ali izpeljanko stranskega zdrsa glede na čas;
That has a means to monitor driver steering inputs; and
lahko nadzira voznikovo krmiljenje in
That has an algorithm to determine the need, and a means to modify propulsion torque, as necessary, to assist the driver in maintaining control of the vehicle.
ima algoritem za določanje potrebe in sredstvo za spreminjanje pogonskega navora, da vozniku po potrebi pomaga obdržati nadzor nad vozilom;
‘Lateral acceleration’ means the component of the acceleration vector of a point in the vehicle perpendicular to the vehicle x axis (longitudinal) and parallel to the road plane.
„bočni pospešek“ pomeni sestavni del vektorja pospeška točke v vozilu, ki je pravokotna na os vozila x (vzdolžno) in vzporedna z ravnino ceste;
‘Oversteer’ means a condition in which the vehicle’s yaw rate is greater than the yaw rate that would occur at the vehicle’s speed as a result of the Ackerman steer angle.
„preostro zavijanje“ pomeni stanje, ko je kotna hitrost vozila večja od kotne hitrosti, do katere bi prišlo pri hitrosti vozila zaradi Ackermanovega odklona krmilnih koles;
‘Side-slip or side-slip angle’ means the arctangent of the ratio of the lateral velocity to the longitudinal velocity of the centre of gravity of the vehicle.
„stranski zdrs ali odklon stranskega zdrsa“ pomeni obratno funkcijo tangente razmerja bočne hitrosti in vzdolžne hitrosti težišča vozila;
‘Understeer’ means a condition in which the vehicle’s yaw rate is less than the yaw rate that would occur at the vehicle’s speed as a result of the Ackerman steer angle.
„premalo ostro zavijanje“ pomeni stanje, ko je kotna hitrost vozila manjša od kotne hitrosti, do katere bi prišlo pri hitrosti vozila zaradi Ackermanovega odklona krmilnih koles;
‘Yaw rate’ means the rate of change of the vehicle’s heading angle measured in degrees/second of rotation about a vertical axis through the vehicle’s centre of gravity.
„kotna hitrost“ pomeni hitrost spremembe kota smeri vozila, merjeno v stopinjah na sekundo vrtenja okrog navpične osi skozi težišče vozila;
‘Peak braking coefficient (PBC)’: means the measure of tyre to road surface friction based on the maximum deceleration of a rolling tyre.
„največji koeficient zaviranja (NKZ)“ pomeni mero za trenje med pnevmatiko in cestiščem na podlagi največjega pojemka kotaleče pnevmatike;
‘Common space’ means an area on which more than one tell-tale, indicator, identification symbol, or other message may be displayed but not simultaneously.
„skupni prostor“ pomeni območje, na katerem je lahko prikazana več kot ena kontrolna svetilka, kazalnik, identifikacijski znak ali drugo sporočilo, vendar ne hkrati;
‘Static stability factor’ means one-half the track width of a vehicle divided by the height of its center of gravity, also expressed as SSF = T/2H, where: T = track width (for vehicles with more than one track width the average is used; for axles with dual wheels, the outer wheels are used when calculating ‘T’) and H = height of the center of gravity of the vehicle.
„faktor statične stabilnosti“ pomeni polovico širine koloteka vozila deljeno z višino težišča vozila, izraženo tudi kot SSF = T/2H, pri čemer je T širina koloteka (za vozila z več kot enim kolotekom se uporabi povprečje; za osi z dvojnimi kolesi se pri izračunu „T“ uporabijo zunanja kolesa), H pa višina težišča vozila;
‘Brake Assist System (BAS)’ means a function of the braking system that deduces an emergency braking event from a characteristic of the driver’s brake demand and, under such conditions:
„sistem pomoči pri zaviranju (BAS)“ pomeni funkcijo zavornega sistema, ki glede na to, kako voznik zavira, ugotovi, da je potrebno zaviranje v sili, in v takšnih pogojih:
assists the driver to deliver the maximum achievable braking rate, or
pomaga vozniku doseči največjo stopnjo zaviranja, ki jo je mogoče doseči, ali
is sufficient to cause full cycling of the Anti-lock Braking System.
zadostuje za polno učinkovanje protiblokirnega zavornega sistema;
‘Category A Brake Assist System’ means a system which detects an emergency braking condition based on the brake pedal force applied by the driver;
„sistem pomoči pri zaviranju kategorije A“ je sistem, ki zazna stanje zasilnega zaviranja na podlagi sile, s katero voznik pritisne na zavorni pedal;
‘Category B Brake Assist System’ means a system which detects an emergency braking condition based on the brake pedal speed applied by the driver;
„sistem pomoči pri zaviranju kategorije B“ je sistem, ki zazna stanje zasilnega zaviranja na podlagi hitrosti, s katero voznik pritisne na zavorni pedal;
‘Category C Brake Assist System’ means a system which detects an emergency braking condition based on multiple criteria, one of which must be the rate at which the brake pedal is applied.
„sistem pomoči pri zaviranju kategorije C“ je sistem, ki zazna stanje zasilnega zaviranja na podlagi več meril, med katerimi mora biti hitrost, s katero se uporabi zavorni pedal.