natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
It may be desired in some cases (such as when measuring low-reflectivity surfaces) to use an intermediate calibration point (between 0 and 100 % on the scale) with this method.
S tem postopkom je v nekaterih primerih priporočljivo (npr. za meritve površin z nizko odsevnostjo) uporabiti srednjo točko umerjanja (med 0 in 100 % na skali).
In these cases a neutral density filter of known transmittance shall be inserted in the optical path, and the calibration control shall then be adjusted until the meter reads the percentage transmission of the neutral density filter.
V teh primerih je treba v optično pot vstaviti filter nevtralne gostote z znano prepustnostjo, sistem za umerjanje pa nastaviti tako, da merilni instrument pokaže odstotek prepustnosti filtra nevtralne gostote.
This filter shall be removed before making reflectivity measurements.
Ta filter je treba pred začetkom meritev odsevnosti odstraniti.
The indirect calibration method is applicable for those instruments with fixed source and receiver geometry.
Postopek posrednega umerjanja se uporablja pri instrumentih z geometrijsko nespremenljivimi svetlobnimi viri in sprejemniki.
A properly calibrated and maintained reflectance standard is required.
Uporabiti je treba primerno umerjen in vzdrževan etalon odsevnosti.
This reference standard should preferably be a flat mirror with a reflectance value as near as possible to that of the test samples.
Ta referenčni etalon mora biti po možnosti ravno ogledalo, katerega vrednost odsevnosti je čim bližja vrednosti odsevnosti preskusnih vzorcev.
The measurement of the reflectance of non-flat (convex) mirrors requires the use of instruments which incorporate an integrating sphere in the receiver unit (see figure 2).
Za meritve odsevnosti neravnih (izbočenih) ogledal se uporabljajo instrumenti, ki imajo v sprejemnik vgrajeno ulbrichtovo kroglo (glej sliko 2).
If the instrument indicating meter indicates ne divisions with a reference standard mirror of E per cent reflectance, then, with a mirror of unknown reflectance, nx divisions will correspond to a reflectance of X per cent, given by the formula:
Če merilni instrument pri referenčnem standardnem ogledalu z odsevnostjo E % kaže ne razdelkov, potem pri ogledalu z neznano odsevnostjo nx razdelkov ustreza odsevnosti X % po enačbi:
Generalised reflectometer showing geometries for the two calibration methods
Osnovna shema aparata za merjenje odsevnosti po obeh postopkih umerjanja
Generalised reflectometer, incorporating an integrating sphere in the receptor
Osnovna shema aparata za merjenje odsevnosti z ulbrichtovo kroglo v sprejemniku
SPECTRAL TRISTIMULUS VALUES FOR THE CIE 1931 STANDARD COLORIMETRIC OBSERVER [2](This table is taken from CIE Publication 50(45) (1970))
VREDNOSTI TRIKROMATSKIH SPEKTRALNIH KOMPONENT KOLORIMETRIČNEGA REFERENČNEGA ANALIZATORJA CIE 1931 [2](Ta preglednica je povzeta iz publikacije CIE 50 (45) (1970))
Explanatory figure
Razlagalna slika
Example of device for measuring the reflection factor of spherical mirrors
Primer naprave za merjenje koeficienta odsevnosti pri sferičnih ogledalih
C Receiver
C sprejemnik
D Diaphragm
D zaslonka
E Window of entry
E vhodna odprtina
F Window of measurement
F odprtina za merjenje
L Lens
L leča
M Object window
M odprtina predmeta
S Light source
S svetlobni vir
Integrating sphere
ulbrichtova krogla
Definitions taken from CIE Publication 50 (45), International Electronical Vocabulary, Group/45: lighting.
Opredelitve pojmov so povzete iz publikacije CIE 50 (45), Mednarodni slovar elektronike, Poglavje 45: Razsvetljava.
Abridged table.
Skrajšana preglednica.
The values of y–λ = V λ are rounded off to four decimal places.
Vrednosti y–λ = V λ so zaokrožene na štiri decimalna mesta.
Changed in 1966 (from 3 to 2).
Spremenjeno leta 1966 (s 3 na 2).
PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE RADIUS OF CURVATURE ‘r’ OF A MIRROR’S REFLECTING SURFACE
POSTOPEK ZA DOLOČANJE POLMERA UKRIVLJENOSTI „r“ ZRCALNE POVRŠINE OGLEDALA
The ‘spherometer’ described in the figure is used.
Uporablja se „sferometer“, prikazan na sliki.
The principal radii of curvature shall be measured at 3 points situated as close as possible to positions at 1/3, 1/2 and 2/3 of the distance along the arc of the reflecting surface contained in a plane parallel to the greatest dimension of the mirror and passing through its centre and on the arc perpendicular to it.
Glavni polmeri ukrivljenosti se merijo v treh točkah, ki so čim bližje legam na razdalji 1/3, 1/2 in 2/3 na loku zrcalne površine v ravnini, ki je vzporedna z največjo dimenzijo ogledala in poteka skozi njegovo središče, in na loku, ki je pravokoten nanjo.
Where, because of mirror size, it is impossible to obtain measurement in the directions defined in item 1.2.1 the technical departments responsible for the tests may take measurements at this point in two perpendicular directions as close as possible to those prescribed above.
Če zaradi mer zrcalne površine ni mogoče opraviti meritev v smereh iz točke 1.2.1, lahko tehnične službe, ki izvajajo preskuse, opravijo meritve v tej točki v dveh pravokotnih smereh čim bližje zgoraj predpisanim.
Calculation of the radius of curvature (r)
Izračun polmera ukrivljenosti (r)
‘r’ expressed in mm is calculated using the formula:
„r“, izražen v mm, se izračuna po naslednji enačbi:
where rp1 is the radius of curvature of the first measuring point, rp2 at the second and rp3 at the third.
pri čemer je rp1 polmer ukrivljenosti v prvi merilni točki, rp2 v drugi merilni točki in rp3 v tretji.
CONTROL OF THE CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
NADZOR SKLADNOSTI PROIZVODNJE
For the purpose of this Annex,
V tej prilogi
‘Type of deflection system’ means a given combination of axes, swivel points and other articulating mechanisms which ensures deflection of the rear-view mirror in the direction of impact concerned.
„tip sistema preklopa“ pomeni dano kombinacijo osi, vrtljivih zglobov in drugih zgibnih mehanizmov, ki omogočajo preklop vzvratnega ogledala v smeri morebitnega udarca.
Rear-view mirrors shall be subjected to the following tests:
Na vzvratnih ogledalih se opravijo naslednji preskusi:
Reflecting surface
Zrcalna površina
Verification of the nominal radius of curvature, pursuant to the requirements of paragraph 2 of Annex 6 to this Regulation;
preverjanje nominalnega polmera ukrivljenosti v skladu z zahtevami iz odstavka 2 priloge 6 k temu pravilniku;
Measurement of the differences between radii of curvature pursuant to the requirements of paragraph 7.2.2 of this Regulation.
meritev razlik med polmeri ukrivljenosti v skladu z zahtevami iz odstavka 7.2.2 tega pravilnika;
Deflection system
Sistem preklopa
Impact test pursuant to the requirements of paragraph 8.2 of this Regulation.
udarni preskus v skladu z zahtevami iz odstavka 8.2 tega pravilnika.
FREQUENCY AND RESULTS OF TESTS
POGOSTOST IN REZULTATI PRESKUSOV
Verification of the nominal radius of curvature and measurement of the differences between radii of curvature
Preverjanje nominalnega polmera ukrivljenosti in meritev razlik med polmeri ukrivljenosti
One test every three months, per approval number, per nominal radius of curvature.
Enkrat na tri mesece za posamezno homologacijsko številko in posamezen nominalni polmer ukrivljenosti.
All measurement results shall be recorded.
zabeležijo se vse meritve.
The maximum difference values prescribed in paragraph 7.2.2 of this Regulation shall be complied with.
Upoštevati je treba največje dovoljene razlike iz odstavka 7.2.2 tega pravilnika.
One test every three months, per approval number, per type of deflection system, per base configuration.
Enkrat na tri mesece za posamezno homologacijsko številko, vrsto sistema preklopa in osnovno konfiguracijo.
All results shall be recorded.
zabeležijo se vsi rezultati.
The provisions of paragraph 8.4 of this Regulation shall be complied with.
Upoštevati je treba določbe iz odstavka 8.4 tega pravilnika.
The selection of samples to be tested shall take account of the quantity produced for each type of rear-view mirrors.
Pri izbiri vzorcev za preskus se upošteva proizvedena količina posameznega tipa vzvratnih ogledal.
The end of the pendulum shall comprise a hammer formed by a rigid sphere with a diameter of 165 ± 1 mm and having a 5 mm-thick rubber covering of Shore A 50 hardness. A device shall be provided which permits determination of the maximum angle assumed by the arm in the plane of release.
Konec nihala mora biti sestavljen iz kladiva v obliki toge krogle s premerom 165 ± 1 mm, ki je obloženo s 5-milimetrsko plastjo iz gume s trdoto 50 Shore A. Merilna naprava mora omogočati meritev največjega odklona kraka nihala v ravnini njegove poti.
If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of rear-view mirror approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority which granted the approval.
Če imetnik homologacije dokončno preneha proizvajati tip vzvratnega ogledala, homologiranega v skladu s tem pravilnikom, mora o tem obvestiti organ, ki je podelil homologacijo.
If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a vehicle type approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority which granted the approval.
Če imetnik homologacije povsem preneha proizvajati tip vozila, homologiranega v skladu s tem pravilnikom, o tem obvesti organ, ki je podelil homologacijo.
Any other combination of illuminant-filter-receptor giving the overall equivalent of CIE standard illuminant A and photopic vision may be used. When an integrating sphere is used in the receiver, the interior surface of the sphere shall be coated with a matt (diffusive) spectrally non-selective white coating.
Uporabi se lahko tudi vsaka druga kombinacija svetila, filtra in sprejemnika z enakovrednim učinkom in enako fotopično vidnostjo kot pri standardiziranem svetilu CIE A. Če sprejemnik vsebuje ulbrichtovo kroglo, mora biti notranja površina krogle prevlečena z neselektivnim belim nesvetlečim premazom (ki razprši svetlobo).
Regulation No 90 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement brake lining assemblies, drum brake linings and discs and drums for power-driven vehicles and their trailers
Pravilnik št. 90 Ekonomske komisije Združenih narodov za Evropo (UN/ECE) – Enotne določbe za homologacijo sklopov nadomestnih zavornih oblog, zavornih oblog bobnastih zavor ter zavornih kolutov in bobnov za motorna vozila in njihove priklopnike
02 series of amendments — Date of entry into force: 28 October 2011
sprememb 02 – začetek veljavnosti: 28. oktober 2011
Modifications and extension of approval of replacement parts
Spremembe in razširitev homologacije nadomestnih delov
Production definitively discontinued
popolnem prenehanju proizvodnje
Names and addresses of technical services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of type-approval authorities
Imena in naslovi tehničnih služb, ki izvajajo homologacijske preskuse, ter homologacijskih organov
Annex 1A — Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining pursuant to Regulation No 90
Priloga 1A — Sporočilo o podeljeni, razširjeni, zavrnjeni ali preklicani homologaciji ali popolnem prenehanju proizvodnje sklopa nadomestnih zavornih oblog oziroma nadomestne zavorne obloge bobnaste zavore v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 90
Annex 1B — Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a replacement brake disc or a replacement brake drum pursuant to Regulation No 90
Priloga 1B — Sporočilo o podeljeni, razširjeni, zavrnjeni ali preklicani homologaciji ali popolnem prenehanju proizvodnje nadomestnega zavornega koluta oziroma nadomestnega zavornega bobna v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 90
Annex 2 — Arrangements of the approval mark and approval data
Priloga 2 — Namestitev homologacijske oznake in podatkov o homologaciji
Annex 3 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2 and N1
Priloga 3 — Zahteve za sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog za vozila kategorij M1, M2 in N1
Annex 4 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M3, N2 and N3
Priloga 4 — Zahteve za sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog in zavornih oblog bobnaste zavore za vozila kategorij M3, N2 in N3
Annex 5 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories O1 and O2
Priloga 5 — Zahteve za sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog za vozila kategorij O1 in O2
Annex 6 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories O3 and O4
Priloga 6 — Zahteve za sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog in zavornih oblog bobnaste zavore za vozila kategorij O3 in O4
Annex 7 — Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L
Priloga 7 — Zahteve za sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog za vozila kategorije L
Annex 8 — Technical prescriptions for replacement brake lining assemblies intended for the use in separate parking brake systems being independent of the vehicle service brake system
Priloga 8 — Tehnični predpisi za sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog, ki so predvidene za uporabo v ločenih sistemih parkirnih zavor, ki so neodvisni od sistema delovnih zavor vozila
Annex 9 — Special additional procedures for conformity of production
Priloga 9 — Posebni dodatni postopki za skladnost proizvodnje
Annex 10 — Illustrations
Priloga 10 — Ilustracije
Annex 11 — Requirements for replacement brake discs or brake drums for vehicles of categories M and N
Priloga 11 — Zahteve za nadomestne zavorne kolute ali zavorne bobne za vozila kategorij M in N
Annex 12 — Requirements for replacement brake discs/drums for vehicles of category O
Priloga 12 — Zahteve za nadomestne zavorne kolute/bobne za vozila kategorije O
Annex 13 — Model test report for a replacement brake disc/drum
Priloga 13 — Vzorec obrazca poročila o preskusu za nadomestni zavorni kolut/boben
This Regulation applies to the basic braking function of the following replacement parts [1]:
Ta pravilnik se nanaša na osnovne zavorne funkcije naslednjih nadomestnih delov [1]:
Replacement brake lining assemblies intended for use in friction brakes forming part of a braking system of vehicles of category M, N, L and O which have a type-approval in accordance with Regulation No 13, 13-H or 78.
sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog, namenjenih za uporabo v tornih zavorah, ki so sestavni del zavornega sistema vozil kategorij M, N, L in O, ki so bila homologirana v skladu s pravilniki št. 13, št. 13-H ali št. 78;
Replacement drum brake linings designed to be riveted to a brake shoe for fitment to and use on vehicles of category M3, N2, N3, O3 or O4 having a type-approval in accordance with Regulation No 13.
nadomestne zavorne obloge bobnastih zavor, ki se zakovičijo na zavorno čeljust, za vgradnjo in uporabo na vozilih kategorij M3, N2, N3, O3 ali O4, ki so bila homologirana v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 13;
The replacement brake lining assemblies used for separate parking brake systems being independent of the vehicle service brake system will be subject only to the technical prescriptions defined in Annex 8 to this Regulation.
za sklope nadomestnih zavornih oblog, ki se uporabljajo v ločenih sistemih parkirnih zavor, ki so neodvisni od sistema delovnih zavor vozila, veljajo samo tehnični predpisi iz Priloge 8 k temu pravilniku;
Replacement brake drums and discs intended for use in friction brakes forming part of a braking system of vehicles of category M, N and O which have a type-approval in accordance with Regulation No 13 or Regulation No 13-H.
nadomestne zavorne bobne in kolute, namenjene za uporabo v tornih zavorah, ki so sestavni del zavornega sistema vozil kategorij M, N in O, ki so bila homologirana v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 13 ali Pravilnikom št. 13-H.
Original brake discs and brake drums, fitted at time of manufacturing of the vehicle and original replacement discs and drums intended for the servicing of the vehicle are not subject to this Regulation.
Za originalne zavorne kolute in zavorne bobne, nameščene v času proizvodnje vozila, in originalne nadomestne kolute in bobne, ki so namenjeni servisiranju vozila, se ta pravilnik ne uporablja.
This Regulation does not apply to ‘Special parts’, as defined in paragraph 2.3.4.
Ta pravilnik se ne uporablja za „Posebne dele“, kakor so opredeljeni v odstavku 2.3.4.
General definitions
Splošne opredelitve:
‘Manufacturer’ means the organisation which can assume technical responsibility for the brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings or brake drums and discs and can demonstrate that it possesses the necessary means to achieve conformity of production.
„proizvajalec“ pomeni organizacijo, ki lahko prevzame tehnično odgovornost za sklope zavornih oblog ali za zavorne obloge bobnaste zavore ali za zavorne bobne in kolute ter dokaže, da lahko zagotavlja skladnost proizvodnje;
‘Replacement part’ means either a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type, a replacement drum brake lining, a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc.
„nadomestni del“ pomeni tip sklopa nadomestnih zavornih oblog, tip nadomestne zavorne obloge bobnaste zavore, nadomestno zavorno oblogo bobnaste zavore, nadomestni zavorni boben ali nadomestni zavorni kolut;
‘Original part’ means either an original brake lining, an original brake lining assembly, an original drum brake lining, an original brake drum or an original brake disc.
„originalni del“ pomeni originalno zavorno oblogo, sklop originalnih zavornih oblog, originalno oblogo bobnaste zavore, originalni zavorni boben ali originalni zavorni kolut.
Definitions regarding the approval of a replacement brake lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake lining.
Opredelitve glede homologacije tipa sklopa nadomestnih zavornih oblog, tipa nadomestne zavorne obloge bobnaste zavore ali nadomestne zavorne obloge bobnaste zavore:
‘Braking system’ has the meaning assigned in Regulation No 13, paragraph 2.3, or Regulation No 13-H, paragraph 2.3, or Regulation No 78, paragraph 2.5.
„zavorni sistem“ je sistem, opredeljen v odstavku 2.3 Pravilnika št. 13, odstavku 2.3 Pravilnika št. 13-H ali odstavku 2.5 Pravilnika št. 78;
‘Friction brake’ means the part of a braking system in which the forces opposing the movement of a vehicle are developed by friction between a brake lining and a wheel disc or drum moving relatively to each other.
„torna zavora“ pomeni tisti del zavornega sistema, v katerem se zaradi trenja med zavorno oblogo in zavornim kolutom ali bobnom, ki se medsebojno relativno premikata, razvijejo sile, ki delujejo v smeri, nasprotni smeri gibanja;
‘Brake lining assembly’ means a component of a friction brake which is pressed against a drum or disc, respectively, to produce the friction force.
„sklop zavornih oblog“ pomeni sestavni del torne zavore, ki se pritisne ob boben oziroma kolut, da nastane torna sila;
‘Shoe assembly’ means a brake lining assembly of a drum brake.
„sklop zavorne čeljusti“ pomeni sklop zavornih oblog bobnaste zavore;
‘Shoe’ means a component of a shoe assembly which carries the brake lining.
„zavorna čeljust“ pomeni sestavni del sklopa zavorne čeljusti, ki nosi zavorno oblogo;
‘Pad assembly’ means a brake lining assembly of a disc brake.
„sklop zavorne ploščice“ pomeni del sklopa zavornih oblog kolutne zavore;
‘Backplate’ means a component of a pad assembly which carries the brake lining.
„nosilna ploščica“ pomeni sestavni del sklopa zavorne ploščice, ki nosi zavorno oblogo;
‘Brake lining’ means the friction material component with the shape and final dimension to be fixed on to the shoe or backplate.
„zavorna obloga“ pomeni sestavni del iz tornega materiala z obliko in končno dimenzijo, ki se pritrdi na zavorno čeljust ali na nosilno ploščico;
‘Friction material’ means the product of a specified mixture of materials and processes which together determine the characteristics of a brake lining.
„torni material“ pomeni izdelek, ki je nastal s posebno mešanico materialov in postopkov, ki skupaj določajo značilnosti zavorne obloge;
‘Brake lining type’ means a category of brake linings which do not differ in friction material characteristics.
„tip zavorne obloge“ pomeni kategorijo zavornih oblog, ki se ne razlikujejo po značilnostih tornega materiala;
‘Brake lining assembly type’ means wheel sets of brake lining assemblies which do not differ in brake lining type, dimension or functional characteristics.
„tip sklopa zavornih oblog“ pomeni sklope zavornih oblog za posamezno kolo, ki se ne razlikujejo po tipu zavornih oblog, dimenzijah in značilnostih delovanja;
‘Drum brake lining type’ means wheel sets of brake lining components which after fitment to the shoes do not differ in brake lining type, dimensions or functional characteristics.
„tip zavorne obloge bobnaste zavore“ pomeni sklope sestavnih delov zavornih oblog za posamezno kolo, ki se po vgradnji v zavorno čeljust ne razlikujejo po tipu zavorne obloge, dimenzijah in značilnostih delovanja;
‘Original brake lining’ means a brake lining type referenced in the vehicle type-approval documentation, Regulation No 13, Annex 2, paragraph 8.1.1, Regulation No 13-H, Annex 1, paragraph 7.1 [2] or Regulation No 78, Annex 1, paragraph 5.4.
„originalna zavorna obloga“ pomeni tip zavorne obloge, ki je naveden v dokumentaciji o homologaciji vozila, v skladu z odstavkom 8.1.1 Priloge 2 k Pravilniku št. 13, odstavkom 7.1 Priloge 1 k Pravilniku št. 13-H [2] ali odstavkom 5.4 Priloge 1 k Pravilniku št. 78;
‘Original brake lining assembly’ means a brake lining assembly conforming to the data attached to a vehicle type-approval documentation.
„sklop originalnih zavornih oblog“ pomeni sklop zavornih oblog, ki je skladen s podatki, priloženimi dokumentaciji o homologaciji vozila;
‘Replacement brake lining assembly’ means a brake lining assembly of a type approved under this Regulation as a suitable service replacement for an original brake lining assembly.
„sklop nadomestnih zavornih oblog“ pomeni sklop zavornih oblog tipa, ki je homologiran po tem pravilniku kot ustrezno nadomestilo za sklop originalnih zavornih oblog;
‘Original drum brake lining’ means a drum brake lining conforming to the data attached to a vehicle type-approval documentation.
„originalna zavorna obloga bobnaste zavore“ pomeni zavorno oblogo bobnaste zavore, ki je skladna s podatki, priloženimi dokumentaciji o homologaciji vozila;
‘Replacement drum brake lining’ means a drum brake lining of a type approved under this Regulation as a suitable service replacement when fitted to a shoe for an original drum brake lining.
„nadomestna zavorna obloga bobnaste zavore“ pomeni zavorno oblogo bobnaste zavore tipa, ki je homologiran po tem pravilniku kot ustrezno nadomestilo za originalno zavorno oblogo, ki se namesti na zavorno čeljust;
‘Parking brake lining assembly’ means a pad assembly or shoe assembly belonging to a parking brake system separate and independent from the service brake system.
„sklop zavornih oblog parkirne zavore“ pomeni sklop zavorne ploščice ali sklop zavorne čeljusti, ki je del sistema parkirne zavore, ki je ločen in neodvisen od sistema delovnih zavor.
Definitions regarding the approval of a replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc.
Opredelitve v zvezi s homologacijo nadomestnega zavornega bobna ali nadomestnega zavornega koluta:
‘Original brake disc/brake drum’
„originalni zavorni kolut/zavorni boben“:
In the case of motor vehicles, is a brake disc/drum covered by the vehicle braking system type-approval according to Regulation No 13 or 13-H.
pri motornih vozilih je to zavorni kolut/boben, zajet s homologacijo tipa zavornega sistema vozila v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 13 ali 13-H;
In the case of trailers:
pri priklopnih vozilih je to:
is a brake disc/drum covered by the vehicle braking system type-approval according to Regulation No 13;
zavorni kolut/boben, zajet s homologacijo tipa zavornega sistema vozila v skladu s Pravilnikom št. 13;