natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The determination of system equivalency shall be based on a seven-sample pair (or larger) correlation study between the system under consideration and one of the systems of this annex.
Ugotavljanje enakovrednosti sistemov temelji na študiji korelacije med parom 7 (ali več) vzorcev obravnavanega sistema in enim od sistemov te priloge.
‘Results’ refer to the specific cycle weighted emissions value.
„Rezultati“ se nanašajo na vrednost uteženih emisij posameznega cikla.
The correlation testing is to be performed at the same laboratory, test cell, and on the same engine, and is preferred to be run concurrently.
Korelacijsko preskušanje se mora izvesti v istem laboratoriju in preskusnem prostoru ter na istem motorju, in zaželeno je, da poteka sočasno.
The equivalency of the sample pair averages shall be determined by F-test and t-test statistics as described in Appendix 4 obtained under the laboratory test cell and the engine conditions described above.
Enakovrednost povprečij parov vzorcev se določi s pomočjo statističnih podatkov F-testa in t-testa, kot so opisani v Dodatku 4, dobljenih v zgoraj opisanih pogojih laboratorijskega preskusnega prostora in motorja.
The systems to be used for correlation testing shall be subject to the approval by the type approval authority.
Sisteme, ki se bodo uporabili za korelacijsko preskušanje, mora odobriti homologacijski organ.
An engine family is characterized by design parameters.
Družino motorjev označujejo konstrukcijski parametri.
These shall be common to all engines within the family.
Ti so skupni vsem motorjem znotraj družine.
The engine manufacturer may decide, which engines belong to an engine family, as long as the membership criteria listed in paragraph 5.2.3. are respected.
Proizvajalec motorja lahko določi, kateri motorji pripadajo družini motorjev, pod pogojem, da so upoštevana merila za članstvo iz odstavka 5.2.3.
The engine family shall be approved by the type approval authority.
Družino motorjev mora potrditi homologacijski organ.
The manufacturer shall provide to the type approval authority the appropriate information relating to the emission levels of the members of the engine family.
Proizvajalec homologacijskemu organu zagotovi ustrezne podatke v zvezi z ravnmi emisij članov družine motorjev.
In some cases there may be interaction between parameters.
V nekaterih primerih je mogoče medsebojno učinkovanje parametrov.
This shall be taken into consideration to ensure that only engines with similar exhaust emission characteristics are included within the same engine family.
To je treba upoštevati, da se tako zagotovi, da bodo v isto družino motorjev vključeni le motorji s podobnimi značilnostmi emisije izpušnih plinov.
These cases shall be identified by the manufacturer and notified to the type approval authority.
Te primere mora proizvajalec opredeliti in o njih uradno obvestiti homologacijski organ.
It shall then be taken into account as a criterion for creating a new engine family.
To se nato upošteva kot merilo za oblikovanje nove družine motorjev.
In case of devices or features, which are not listed in paragraph 5.2.3. and which have a strong influence on the level of emissions, this equipment shall be identified by the manufacturer on the basis of good engineering practice, and shall be notified to the type approval authority.
V primeru naprav ali lastnosti, ki niso naštete v odstavku 5.2.3 in ki močno vplivajo na raven emisij, mora proizvajalec to opremo identificirati na podlagi dobre inženirske prakse in o njej uradno obvestiti homologacijski organ.
In addition to the parameters listed in paragraph 5.2.3., the manufacturer may introduce additional criteria allowing the definition of families of more restricted size.
Poleg parametrov iz odstavka 5.2.3 lahko proizvajalec uvede dodatna merila, ki omogočajo opredelitev družin bolj omejene velikosti.
These parameters are not necessarily parameters that have an influence on the level of emissions.
Ti parametri niso nujno parametri, ki vplivajo na raven emisij.
Combustion cycle
Način delovanja
2-stroke cycle
dvotaktni način
4-stroke cycle
štiritaktni način
Rotary engine
rotacijski motor
Configuration of the cylinders
Konfiguracija valjev
Position of the cylinders in the block
Lega valjev v bloku motorja
In line
v vrsti
Radial
radialno
Others (F, W, etc.)
drugo (F, W itn.)
Relative position of the cylinders
Relativna lega valjev
Engines with the same block may belong to the same family as long as their bore center-to-center dimensions are the same.
Motorji z enakim blokom lahko spadajo v isto družino, če so njihove mere od sredine do sredine premera valja enake.
Main cooling medium
Glavno hladilno sredstvo
Individual cylinder displacement
Gibna prostornina posameznega valja
Engine with a unit cylinder displacement ≥ 0,75 dm3
Motor z gibno prostornino enotnega valja ≥ 0,75 dm3
In order for engines with a unit cylinder displacement of ≥ 0,75 dm3 to be considered to belong to the same engine family, the spread of their individual cylinder displacements shall not exceed 15 per cent of the largest individual cylinder displacement within the family.
Šteje se, da motorji z gibno prostornino enotnega valja ≥ 0,75 dm3 pripadajo isti družini motorjev, če razpon gibnih prostornin njihovih posameznih valjev ne presega 15 % gibne prostornine največjega posameznega valja v družini.
Engine with a unit cylinder displacement < 0,75 dm3
Motor z gibno prostornino enotnega valja < 0,75 dm3
In order for engines with a unit cylinder displacement of < 0,75 dm3 to be considered to belong to the same engine family, the spread of their individual cylinder displacements shall not exceed 30 per cent of the largest individual cylinder displacement within the family.
Šteje se, da motorji z gibno prostornino enotnega valja < 0,75 dm3 pripadajo isti družini motorjev, če razpon gibnih prostornin njihovih posameznih valjev ne presega 30 % gibne prostornine največjega posameznega valja v družini.
Engine with other unit cylinder displacement limits
Motor z drugimi mejami gibne prostornine enotnega valja
Engines with an individual cylinder displacement that exceeds the limits defined in paragraphs 5.2.3.4.1. and 5.2.3.4.2. may be considered to belong to the same family with the approval of the type approval authority.
Šteje se, da motorji z gibno prostornino posameznega valja, ki presega meje iz odstavkov 5.2.3.4.1 in 5.2.3.4.2, lahko pripadajo isti družini, če to odobri homologacijski organ.
The approval shall be based on technical elements (calculations, simulations, experimental results etc.) showing that exceeding the limits does not have a significant influence on the exhaust emissions.
Odobritev mora temeljiti na tehničnih elementih (izračunih, simulacijah, eksperimentalnih rezultatih itd.), ki dokazujejo, da prekoračitev mejá nima večjega vpliva na emisije izpušnih plinov.
Method of air aspiration
Način polnjenja z zrakom
pressure charged with charge cooler
tlačno polnjenje s hladilnikom polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka
Natural gas (NG)
zemeljski plin (NG)
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
utekočinjen naftni plin (LPG)
Combustion chamber type
Tip zgorevalne komore
Open chamber
odprta komora
Divided chamber
ločena komora
Other types
Druge vrste
Ignition Type
Vrsta vžiga
Positive ignition
Prisilni vžig
Valves and porting
Ventili in odprtine
Configuration
konfiguracija
Number of valves per cylinder
število ventilov na valj
Fuel supply type
Vrsta napajanja z gorivom
Liquid fuel supply type
Napajanje s tekočim gorivom
Pump and (high pressure) line and injector
tlačilka in (visokotlačni) vod ter vbrizgalna šoba
In-line or distributor pump
vrstna ali razdelilna tlačilka
Unit pump or unit injector
enotna tlačilka ali enotna šoba
Common rail
skupni vod
Carburettor(s)
uplinjač(-i)
Gas fuel supply type
Napajanje s plinskim gorivom
Gaseous
plinasto
Mixing units
mešalne enote
Miscellaneous devices
Razno
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
vračanje izpušnih plinov v valj (EGR)
Water injection
vbrizgavanje vode
Air injection
vbrizgavanje zraka
Electronic control strategy
Strategija elektronskega krmiljenja
The presence or absence of an electronic control unit (ECU) on the engine is regarded as a basic parameter of the family.
Prisotnost ali odsotnost elektronske krmilne enote (ECU) v motorju se šteje kot osnovni parameter družine.
In the case of electronically controlled engines, the manufacturer shall present the technical elements explaining the grouping of these engines in the same family, i.e. the reasons why these engines can be expected to satisfy the same emission requirements.
Pri elektronsko krmiljenih motorjih mora proizvajalec predložiti tehnične elemente, ki pojasnjujejo razvrstitev teh motorjev v isto družino, tj. razloge, zaradi katerih lahko pričakujemo, da bodo ti motorji izpolnjevali enake zahteve glede emisij.
These elements can be calculations, simulations, estimations, description of injection parameters, experimental results, etc.
Ti elementi so lahko izračuni, simulacije, ocene, opis parametrov vbrizgavanja, eksperimentalni rezultati itd.
Examples of controlled features are:
Primeri krmiljenih funkcij so:
Timing
časovno usklajevanje vžiga
Injection pressure
tlak vbrizgavanja
Multiple injections
večkratni vbrizg
Boost pressure
tlak polnilnega zraka
Exhaust after-treatment systems
Sistemi za naknadno obdelavo izpušnih plinov
The function and combination of the following devices are regarded as membership criteria for an engine family:
Funkcija in kombinacija naslednjih naprav se štejeta kot merili za članstvo v družini motorjev:
Three-way catalyst
tristezni katalizator
DeNOx system with selective reduction of NOx (addition of reducing agent)
sistem za NOx s selektivno redukcijo NOx (dodatek reducenta)
Other DeNOx systems
drugi sistemi za NOx
Particulate trap with passive regeneration
lovilnik delcev s pasivno regeneracijo
Particulate trap with active regeneration
lovilnik delcev z aktivno regeneracijo
Other particulate traps
drugi lovilniki delcev
Other devices
druge naprave
When an engine has been certified without after-treatment system, whether as parent engine or as member of the family, then this engine, when equipped with an oxidation catalyst, may be included in the same engine family, if it does not require different fuel characteristics.
Kadar je motor certificiran brez sistema za naknadno obdelavo kot osnovni motor ali kot član družine, potem je ta motor, če je opremljen z oksidacijskim katalizatorjem, mogoče vključiti v isto družino motorjev, če ne zahteva drugačnih lastnosti goriva.
If it requires specific fuel characteristics (e.g. particulate traps requiring special additives in the fuel to ensure the regeneration process), the decision to include it in the same family shall be based on technical elements provided by the manufacturer.
Če zahteva specifične lastnosti goriva (npr. lovilniki delcev zahtevajo posebne aditive v gorivu, da se zagotovi postopek regeneracije), mora odločitev o vključitvi motorja v isto družino temeljiti na tehničnih elementih, kot jih je predvidel proizvajalec.
These elements shall indicate that the expected emission level of the equipped engine complies with the same limit value as the non-equipped engine.
Ti elementi morajo pokazati, da je predvidena raven emisij opremljenega motorja skladna z enako mejno vrednostjo kot neopremljeni motor.
When an engine has been certified with after-treatment system, whether as parent engine or as member of a family, whose parent engine is equipped with the same after-treatment system, then this engine, when equipped without after-treatment system, must not be added to the same engine family.
Kadar je motor certificiran s sistemom za naknadno obdelavo kot osnovni motor ali kot član družine, katerega osnovni motor je opremljen z enakim sistemom za naknadno obdelavo, potem ta motor, če je opremljen s sistemom za naknadno obdelavo, ne sme biti vključen v isto družino motorjev.
Compression ignition engines
Motorji na kompresijski vžig
Once the engine family has been agreed by the type approval authority, the parent engine of the family shall be selected using the primary criterion of the highest fuel delivery per stroke at the declared maximum torque speed.
Potem ko homologacijski organ potrdi družino motorjev, je treba izbrati osnovni motor družine, primarno merilo za to izbiro pa naj bo največja dobava goriva na gib pri vrtilni frekvenci pri največjem deklariranem navoru.
In the event that two or more engines share this primary criterion, the parent engine shall be selected using the secondary criterion of highest fuel delivery per stroke at rated speed.
Če to primarno merilo izpolnjujeta dva ali več motorjev, se osnovni motor izbere z uporabo sekundarnega merila, tj. največja dobava goriva na gib pri nazivni vrtilni frekvenci.
Positive ignition engines
Motorji na prisilni vžig
Once the engine family has been agreed by the type approval authority, the parent engine of the family shall be selected using the primary criterion of the largest displacement.
Potem ko homologacijski organ potrdi družino motorjev, je treba izbrati osnovni motor družine, primarno merilo za to izbiro pa naj bo največja gibna prostornina.
In the event that two or more engines share this primary criterion, the parent engine shall be selected using the secondary criterion in the following order of priority:
Če to primarno merilo izpolnjujeta dva ali več motorjev, je treba osnovni motor izbrati z uporabo sekundarnega merila, in sicer v naslednjem vrstnem redu:
the lowest EGR rate.
najnižji delež EGR.
Remarks on the choice of the parent engine
Opombe glede izbire osnovnega motorja
The type approval or certification authority may conclude that the worst-case emission of the family can best be characterized by testing additional engines.
Homologacijski ali certifikacijski organ lahko zaključi, da je mogoče nivo najslabše emisije najbolje določiti s preskušanjem dodatnih motorjev.
In this case, the engine manufacturer shall submit the appropriate information to determine the engines within the family likely to have the highest emissions level.
V tem primeru mora proizvajalec motorja predložiti ustrezne podatke za določitev motorjev znotraj družine, za katere je verjetno, da imajo najvišjo raven emisij.
If engines within the family incorporate other features which may be considered to affect exhaust emissions, these features shall also be identified and taken into account in the selection of the parent engine.
Če imajo motorji znotraj družine še druge lastnosti, za katere bi lahko šteli, da vplivajo na emisije izpušnih plinov, je treba pri izbiri osnovnega motorja te lastnosti tudi prepoznati in upoštevati.
If engines within the family meet the same emission values over different useful life periods, this shall be taken into account in the selection of the parent engine.
Če motorji znotraj družine izpolnjujejo enake emisijske vrednosti v različnih obdobjih življenjske dobe, se to upošteva pri izboru osnovnega motorja.
Laboratory test conditions
Laboratorijski preskusni pogoji
The absolute temperature (Ta) of the intake air at the inlet to the engine expressed in Kelvin, and the dry atmospheric pressure (ps), expressed in kPa shall be measured and the parameter fa shall be determined according to the following provisions.
Izmeri se absolutna temperatura (Ta) vsesanega zraka pri vstopu v motor, izražena v kelvinih, in suh atmosferski tlak (ps), izražen v kPa, ter določi parameter fa v skladu z naslednjimi določbami.
In multi-cylinder engines having distinct groups of intake manifolds, such as in a ‘Vee’ engine configuration, the average temperature of the distinct groups shall be taken.
Pri večvaljnih motorjih, ki imajo ločene skupine polnilnih zbiralnikov, kot npr. pri konfiguraciji „V“ motorjev, se upošteva povprečna temperatura v posameznih skupinah.
The parameter fa shall be reported with the test results.
Parameter fa se sporoči skupaj z rezultati preskusa.
For better repeatability and reproducibility of the test results, it is recommended that the parameter fa be such that: 0,93 ≤ fa ≤ 1,07.
Za boljšo ponovljivost in obnovljivost rezultatov preskusa se priporoča, da je parameter fa tak, da je: 0,93 ≤ fa ≤ 1,07.
Compression-ignition engines:
Motorji na kompresijski vžig:
Positive ignition engines:
Motorji na prisilni vžig:
Engines with charge air-cooling
Motorji s hlajenjem polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka
The charge air temperature shall be recorded and shall be, at the rated speed and full load, within ± 5 K of the maximum charge air temperature specified by the manufacturer.
Temperatura polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka se zabeleži in mora biti pri nazivni vrtilni frekvenci in polni obremenitvi v območju ± 5 K od najvišje temperature polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka po navedbi proizvajalca.
The temperature of the cooling medium shall be at least 293 K (20 oC).
Temperatura hladilnega sredstva naj bo najmanj 293 K (20 oC).
If a test laboratory system or external blower is used, the charge air temperature shall be set to within ± 5 K of the maximum charge air temperature specified by the manufacturer at the rated speed and full load.
Če se uporabi sistem preskusnega laboratorija ali zunanje puhalo, mora biti temperatura polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka pri nazivni vrtilni frekvenci in polni obremenitvi nastavljena v območju ± 5 K od najvišje temperature polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka po navedbi proizvajalca.
Coolant temperature and coolant flow rate of the charge air cooler at the above set point shall not be changed for the whole test cycle, unless this results in unrepresentative overcooling of the charge air.
Temperatura hladilne tekočine in pretok hladilnega sredstva hladilnika polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka na zgoraj nastavljeni točki mora biti enaka med celotnim preskusnim ciklom, razen če to ne povzroči nereprezentativne prekomerne ohladitve polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka.
The charge air cooler volume shall be based upon good engineering practice and shall be representative of the production engine's in-use installation.
Prostornina hladilnika polnilnega (stisnjenega) zraka mora temeljiti na dobri inženirski praksi in biti reprezentativna za vgradnjo proizvodnega motorja v uporabi.
The basis of specific emissions measurement is uncorrected power as defined in ECE Regulation No 85.
Osnova za merjenje specifičnih emisij je nekorigirana moč, kot je opredeljena v ECE pravilniku št. 85.
Certain auxiliaries, which are only necessary only for the operation of the vehicle and which may be mounted on the engine should be removed for the test.
Določeno dodatno opremo, ki je potrebna le za delovanje vozila in ki jo je mogoče namestiti na motor, je treba za preskus odstraniti.
The following incomplete list is given as an example:
Kot primer je podan naslednji nepopoln seznam:
air compressor for brakes
kompresor za zavorni sistem
power steering compressor
kompresor za servokrmiljenje
air conditioning compressor
kompresor za klimatizacijo
pumps for hydraulic actuators
črpalke za hidravlične aktuatorje
Where auxiliaries have not been removed, the power absorbed by them shall be determined in order to adjust the set values and to calculate the work produced by the engine over the test cycle.
Kadar dodatna oprema ni bila odstranjena, se ugotovi moč, ki jo ta absorbira, ter nato ustrezno popravi nastavljene vrednosti in izračuna delo, ki ga motor opravi v preskusnem ciklu.
An engine air intake system or a test laboratory system shall be used presenting an air intake restriction within ± 300 Pa of the maximum value specified by the manufacturer for a clean air cleaner at the rated speed and full load.
Uporabi se tak sistem za dovajanje zraka v motor ali tak sistem preskusnega laboratorija, katerega sesalni upor je v območju ± 300 Pa največje vrednosti, kot jo določa proizvajalec za zračni filter pri nazivni vrtilni frekvenci in polni obremenitvi.
An engine exhaust system or a test laboratory system shall be used presenting an exhaust backpressure within ± 650 Pa of the maximum value specified by the manufacturer at the rated speed and full load.
Uporabi se tak izpušni sistem motorja ali tak sistem preskusnega laboratorija, katerega protitlak v izpušnem sistemu je v območju ± 650 Pa največje vrednosti pri nazivni vrtilni frekvenci in polni obremenitvi, kot določa proizvajalec.
The exhaust system shall conform to the requirements for exhaust gas sampling, as set out in paragraphs 8.3.2.2. and 8.3.3.2.
Izpušni sistem mora biti v skladu z zahtevami za vzorčenje izpušnih plinov, določenimi v odstavkih 8.3.2.2 in 8.3.3.2.
Engine with exhaust after-treatment system
Motor s sistemom za naknadno obdelavo izpušnih plinov
If the engine is equipped with an exhaust after-treatment system, the exhaust pipe shall have the same diameter as found in-use for at least four pipe diameters upstream to the inlet of the beginning of the expansion section containing the after-treatment device.
Če je motor opremljen s sistemom za naknadno obdelavo izpušnih plinov, mora imeti izpušna cev enak premer, kot se dejansko uporablja na motorju za najmanj štiri premere cevi v smeri proti toku do vstopa v razširjeni del, ki vsebuje napravo za naknadno obdelavo.
The distance from the exhaust manifold flange or turbocharger outlet to the exhaust after-treatment device shall be the same as in the vehicle configuration or within the distance specifications of the manufacturer.
Razdalja od prirobnice izpušnega kolektorja ali izstopa turbopuhala do naprave za naknadno obdelavo izpušnih plinov mora biti enaka kot pri konfiguraciji vozila ali v okviru proizvajalčevih specifikacij glede razdalje.
The after-treatment container may be removed during dummy tests and during engine mapping, and replaced with an equivalent container having an inactive catalyst support.
Posoda za naknadno obdelavo se lahko med navideznimi preskusi in med določanjem karakterističnega diagrama motorja odstrani ter zamenja z enakovredno posodo, ki ima katalitično neaktivno podlago.
The emissions measured on the test cycle shall be representative of the emissions in the field.
Emisije, izmerjene v preskusnem ciklu, so reprezentativne za emisije v uporabi.
In the case of an engine equipped with a exhaust after-treatment system that requires the consumption of a reagent, the reagent used for all tests shall be declared by the manufacturer.
V primeru, da je motor opremljen s sistemom za naknadno obdelavo izpušnih plinov, ki zahteva porabo reagenta, mora reagent, ki se uporablja pri vseh preskusih, določiti proizvajalec.
For engines equipped with exhaust after-treatment systems that are regenerated on a periodic basis, as described in paragraph 6.6.2., emission results shall be adjusted to account for regeneration events In this case, the average emission depends on the frequency of the regeneration event in terms of fraction of tests during which the regeneration occurs.
Pri motorjih, opremljenih s sistemi za naknadno obdelavo izpušnih plinov, ki so periodično regenerirani, kot je opisano v odstavku 6.6.2, se rezultati emisij prilagodijo tako, da upoštevajo regeneracije. V tem primeru je povprečna emisija odvisna od pogostnosti regeneracije z vidika deleža preskusov, v katerem pride do regeneracije.
After-treatment systems with continuous regeneration according to paragraph 6.6.1. do not require a special test procedure.
Sistemi za naknadno obdelavo s stalno regeneracijo v skladu z odstavkom 6.6.1 ne zahtevajo posebnega preskusnega postopka.
Continuous regeneration
Stalna regeneracija
For an exhaust after-treatment system based on a continuous regeneration process the emissions shall be measured on an after-treatment system that has been stabilized so as to result in repeatable emissions behaviour.
Za sistem za naknadno obdelavo izpušnih plinov, ki temelji na postopku stalne regeneracije, se emisije izmerijo na sistemu za naknadno obdelavo, ki je bil stabiliziran, kar povzroči ponovljivo obnašanje emisij.
The regeneration process shall occur at least once during the WHTC test and the manufacturer shall declare the normal conditions under which regeneration occurs (soot load, temperature, exhaust back-pressure, etc.).
Postopek regeneracije se mora opraviti vsaj enkrat v preskusu WHTC, proizvajalec pa mora deklarirati normalne pogoje, v katerih pride do regeneracije (obremenitev s sajami, temperatura, protitlak v izpušnem sistemu itd.).