natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Adverse impacts may include harm to people (i.e. external impacts), reputational damage or legal liability for the company (i.e. internal impacts), or both.
Splošni cilj Uredbe, ki temelji na načelih iz smernic OECD, je omogočiti razvoj varnih, preglednih in preverljivih oskrbovalnih verig z minerali ter zagotoviti, olajšati in spodbujati odgovoren uvoz mineralov in kovin s konfliktnih območij in območij z visokim tveganjem v EU, ne da bi pri tem prispevali k oboroženim konfliktom in povezanim kršitvam človekovih pravic, na tak način pa bi Uredba prispevala h gospodarskemu razvoju in možnostim za preživljanje lokalnih skupnosti.
Companies may face risks in their mineral supply chains because the circumstances of mineral extraction, production, trading, handling or export by their very nature carry a higher risk of having significant adverse impacts, such as financing conflict or fuelling, facilitating or exacerbating conditions of conflict as outlined in Annex II of the OECD Due Diligence Guidance and its supplements.
Potrebna skrbnost – petstopenjski okvir
Because of these risks, companies should make good faith efforts to identify and assess location, supplier or circumstantial-related risks and put in place due diligence measures adapted to the specific requirements of such risks.
Potrebna skrbnost na podlagi tveganja je, kot priporočajo smernice OECD o potrebni skrbnosti, strukturirana okrog naslednjih petih korakov, ki so zapisani tudi v Uredbi.
Due diligence can also help companies ensure they observe international law and comply with domestic laws, including those governing illicit trade in mineral resources as well as UN sanctions and EU Decisions based on the Treaty of the European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), in particular restrictive measures pursuant to Article 215 TFEU.
Podjetja v oskrbovalni verigi bi morala:
The overall objective of the Regulation, which is based on the principles set forth in the OECD Guidance, is to enable the development of secure, transparent and verifiable supply chains of minerals and to ensure, facilitate and promote the responsible importation into the EU of minerals and metals from conflict-affected and high-risk areas without contributing to armed conflict and associated human rights abuses, thereby contributing to economic development and the livelihood of local communities.
(Člen 4 Uredbe),
Due diligence — five-step framework
(Člen 5(1)(b) Uredbe),
Companies along the supply chain should:
Opredelitev konfliktnih območij in območij z visokim tveganjem, ki se uporablja v Uredbi, je v skladu s smernicami OECD o potrebni skrbnosti z vidika določitve značilnosti teh območij ter ne posega v stališče EU o tem, kaj lahko pomeni konfliktno območje in območje z visokim tveganjem izven okvira Uredbe.
(Article 4 of the Regulation)
„območja, kjer potekajo oboroženi konflikti, ali nestabilna pokonfliktna območja in območja s šibkima ali neobstoječima upravljanjem in varnostjo, kot so propadle države, ter razširjenimi in sistematičnimi kršitvami mednarodnega prava, vključno z zlorabami človekovih pravic.“
Design and implement a strategy to respond to the identified risks in order to prevent or mitigate them by adopting and implementing a risk management plan.
Poleg tega bi morala ta ključna načela omogočati enostavno povezovanje z javno dostopnimi informacijami o razmerah na terenu na konfliktnih območjih in območjih z visokim tveganjem ter podjetjem pomagati pri širši opredelitvi tveganj v njihovi oskrbovalni verigi in možnem učinku njihovega poslovanja (glej oddelek 4).
This may result in deciding to continue trade throughout the course of the risk mitigation efforts, temporarily suspend trade while pursuing ongoing risk mitigation, or disengage with a supplier either after failed attempts at mitigation or if the supplier is committing serious human rights abuses (e.g. worst forms of child labour, forced labour, and torture) or providing direct or indirect support to non-state armed groups.
Opozoriti je treba, da je potrebna skrbnost v oskrbovalni verigi, ki je predvidena v Uredbi, pa tudi v smernicah OECD o potrebni skrbnosti, vezana na opredelitev in oceno tveganj negativnih učinkov nekaterih poslovnih dejavnosti in razmerij v zvezi s kovinami in minerali, ki izvirajo iz konfliktnih območij in območij z visokim tveganjem ali ki se prevažajo prek takšnih območij (ki so lahko podnacionalna).
(Article 5(1)(b) of the Regulation)
Informacije v zvezi z državo lahko zagotovijo spremne informacije za opredelitev potrebne splošne ravni potrebne skrbnosti.
Carry out or obtain an independent third-party audit of the company's activities, processes and systems used to implement supply chain due diligence at identified points in the supply chain, in particular regarding the due diligence practices of smelters and refiners.
Ključni element opredelitve
(Article 6 of the Regulation)
Obrazložitev
Publicly report on supply chain due diligence policies and practices in order to generate public confidence in the measures companies are taking.
Stanje oboroženega konflikta
(Article 7 of the Regulation).
Prisotnost oboroženega konflikta, razširjenega nasilja ali drugih tveganj za škodovanje ljudem, kot je opisano v mednarodnem humanitarnem pravu, ki ureja potek oboroženih konfliktov za vojskujoče se strani.
UNDERSTANDING THE DEFINITION OF CONFLICT-AFFECTED AND HIGH-RISK AREAS
Oboroženi konflikti so lahko različnih oblik, kot sta konflikt mednarodnega in nemednarodnega značaja, vključujejo lahko dve ali več držav ali pa gre za osvobodilne vojne, upore, državljanske vojne itd.
The definition of conflict-affected and high-risk areas applied in the Regulation is in line with the OECD Due Diligence Guidance as to what characterises such areas and is without prejudice to the EU's position on what may constitute conflict-affected and high-risk areas outside the context of the Regulation.
Specifične smernice o „stanju oboroženega konflikta“ so navedene v ženevskih konvencijah iz leta 1949 ter vključujejo vse primere napovedane vojne ali katerega koli drugega oboroženega konflikta, do katerega lahko pride med dvema ali več podpisnicami, četudi ena od njih ne priznava vojnega stanja; vse primere delne ali popolne zasedbe ozemlja podpisnice, četudi na zasedenih območjih ne pride do oboroženega odpora.
It is solely provided for the purpose of supply chain due diligence with regard to the metals and minerals in scope of the Regulation and it is designed to be practical, thorough and easily understood by companies.
V skladu s Protokolom II (1977) k ženevskim konvencijam iz leta 1949 se te ne uporabljajo za situacije notranjih nemirov in napetosti, kot so izgredi, izolirano in občasno nasilje in druga dejanja podobne narave.
Definition of conflict-affected and high-risk areas in the Regulation (Article 2(f)):
Nestabilna pokonfliktna območja
‘Areas in a state of armed conflict or fragile post-conflict as well as areas witnessing weak or non-existing governance and security, such as failed states, and widespread and systematic violations of international law, including human rights abuses.’
Območja s šibkima ali neobstoječima upravljanjem in varnostjo, kot so propadle države, ter razširjenimi in sistematičnimi kršitvami mednarodnega prava, vključno s kršitvami človekovih pravic.
This definition follows some key principles set out in international law, including ‘state of armed conflict’, ‘fragile post-conflict’ and ‘failed states’.
Nestabilna pokonfliktna območja so območja, na katerih so prenehale aktivne sovražnosti in so v stanju nestabilnosti, kar pomeni, da je regija ali država zaradi predhodnega konfliktnega stanja slabo sposobna izvajati osnovne funkcije upravljanja in ji primanjkuje možnosti za razvoj medsebojno konstruktivnih odnosov znotraj družbe.
These principles are further illustrated and explained below to facilitate their practical understanding as part of the responsible supply chain management by companies.
Takšna območja so bolj ranljiva za notranje ali zunanje pretrese, kot so gospodarske krize ali naravne nesreče.
Moreover, these key principles should allow for easy matching with open source information on the situation on the ground in conflict-affected and high-risk areas, and assist companies with the broader identification of risks in their supply chain and the potential impact of their operations (cf. section 4).
V takih primerih, kot v primerih, zajetih v naslednjem odstavku opredelitve (tj. območja s šibkima ali neobstoječima upravljanjem in varnostjo), morajo gospodarski subjekti preveriti obstoj bodisi institucionalne šibkosti bodisi pomanjkanja upravljanja ter razširjenih in sistematičnih kršitev mednarodnega prava in človekovih pravic, da ugotovijo, da je območje konfliktno območje in območje z visokim tveganjem.
It should be recalled that the supply chain due diligence foreseen in the Regulation — as well as in the OECD Due Dilignce Guidance — is tied to identifying and assessing the risks of adverse impacts of certain business operations and relationships relating to metals and minerals originating in or being transported through conflict-affected and high-risk areas (which can be sub-national).
Zato je stanje s kršitvami mednarodnega prava kumulativno glede na stanje v nestabilnih pokonfliktnih območjih in območjih s šibkima ali neobstoječima upravljanjem in varnostjo.
Country-related information can provide contextual information to identify the general level of diligence needed.
V zvezi s slednjim bi odsotnost uradnega postopka za izdajo licenc za rudarjenje na primer pomenila dokaz pomanjkanja upravljanja.
Key element of the definition
Propadle države
Explanation
„Propadla država“ je odraz stanja izjemne institucionalne šibkosti.
State of armed conflict
Propadla država vključuje razpad struktur oblasti, propad javnega reda in miru ter odsotnost institucij, ki bi lahko zastopale državo.
Presence of armed conflict, widespread violence or other risks of harm to people as decribed under international humanitarian law, which regulates the conduct of armed conflict by combatants.
JAVNO DOSTOPNI VIRI INFORMACIJ ZA OPREDELITEV KONFLIKTNIH OBMOČIJ IN OBMOČIJ Z VISOKIM TVEGANJEM
Armed conflict may take a variety of forms, such as a conflict of international or non-international character, which may involve two or more states, or may consist of wars of liberation, or insurgencies, civil wars, etc.
V tem oddelku je na voljo okviren in neizčrpen seznam ustreznih virov javno dostopnih informacij, da se podjetjem pomaga opredeliti konfliktna območja in območja z visokim tveganjem.
Specific guidance on the ‘state of armed conflict’ is provided in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and includes all cases of declared war or of any other armed conflict which may arise between two or more Parties, even if the state of war is not recognised by one of them; all cases of partial or total occupation of the territory of a Party, even if the said occupation meets with no armed resistance.
Z razumevanjem nacionalnih in regionalnih okoliščin ter potencialnih tveganj, ki so prisotna na območjih, kjer delujejo ali od koder pridobivajo minerale, bodo podjetja sposobna bolje prilagajati svoja prizadevanja za potrebno skrbnost.
Pursuant to Protocol II (1977) additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949, they do not apply to situations of internal disturbances and tensions, such as riots, isolated and sporadic acts of violence and other acts of a similar nature.
Takšne splošne informacije o posameznih državah so lahko koristne tudi pri ocenjevanju verodostojnosti domnevnih kršitev.
Fragile post-conflict areas
Navedeni viri javno dostopnih informacij so združeni v skupine glede na ključne elemente, določene v opredelitvi konfliktnih območij in območij z visokim tveganjem (glej oddelek 3):
Areas witnessing weak or non-existent governance and security, such as failed states, and widespread and systematic violations of international law, including human rights abuses.
KONFLIKT – informacije omogočajo oceno, ali je območje „v stanju oboroženega konflikta“ ali gre za „nestabilno pokonfliktno območje“,
Fragile post-conflict areas are areas witnessing cessation of active hostilities and that are in a state of fragility, meaning that the region or state has a weak capacity to carry out basic governance functions and lacks the ability to develop mutually constructive relations within society due to the prior conflictual state.
UPRAVLJANJE – informacije omogočajo oceno, v kolikšnem obsegu se območja soočajo s šibkima ali neobstoječima upravljanjem in varnostjo,
Such areas are more vulnerable to internal or external shocks such as economic crises or natural disasters.
ČLOVEKOVE PRAVICE – informacije omogočajo oceno, ali na območju prihaja do razširjenih in sistematičnih kršitev mednarodnega prava, vključno s kršitvami človekovih pravic.
In such cases, as in cases covered by the subsequent paragraph of the definition (i.e. areas witnessing weak or non-existing governance and security), economic operators need to ascertain that there is either institutional weakness or lack of governance and widespread and systematic violations of international law and human rights abuses in order to make a determination that the area is a conflict-affected and high-risk area.
Poleg tega seznam, naveden v oddelku 4.2, vključuje vire informacij o mineralnih virih, da se zagotovi kontekst.
Thus, the condition of the violations of international law is a cumulative one to the conditions of fragile post-conflict areas and areas witnessing weak or non-existing governance and security.
Kako najbolje uporabiti vire informacij?
On the latter, the absence of a formal mining licensing procedure would for instance constitute evidence of lack of governance.
Navedeni viri informacij so nekomercialne narave, tj. zanje ni potrebno plačevati naročnin ali finančnega prispevka.
Failed states
Podjetja bi morala med uporabo virov preveriti, ali ti zagotavljajo posodobljene informacije.
A ‘failed state’ is an illustration of a situation of extreme institutional weakness.
V Uredbi je poleg smernic določeno, da se Evropska komisija opre na zunanje strokovno znanje, ki zagotovi okviren in neizčrpen seznam konfliktnih območij in območij z visokim tveganjem, ki se redno posodablja.
A failed state involves an implosion of structures of power and authority, a collapse of law and order and the absence of institutions capable of representing the state.
Službe Evropske komisije bodo skupaj z zunanjimi strokovnjaki zagotovile, da se seznam virov informacij ustrezno posodablja za zagotovitev njihove stalne ustreznosti.
OPEN SOURCE INFORMATION TO IDENTIFY CONFLICT-AFFECTED AND HIGH-RISK AREAS
Dodatni viri bolj splošne narave (nekateri niso izrecno navedeni na spodnjem seznamu), ki jih je koristno preveriti, zajemajo geološke raziskave z informacijami o mineralnih virih (britanski in ameriški urad za geološke raziskave), sistem Evropske komisije za informacije o surovinah, spletne strani vodilnih organizacij na tem področju, kot so poročila ameriškega ministrstva za zunanje zadeve o posameznih državah članicah (upravljanje in človekove pravice), poročila, ki jih objavljajo različne agencije ZN (vključno s Svetom za človekove pravice, UNHCR, OHCHR, UNICEF, UNDP, ILO in IOM) ter druge zadevne organizacije civilne družbe, na primer Amnesty International, Global Witness, Human Rights Watch in IMPACT (prej Afriško-kanadsko partnerstvo).
This section includes an indicative, non-exhaustive list of relevant open-source information to help companies identify conflict-affected and high-risk areas.
Podjetja lahko na spletnih straneh drugih organizacij in pri drugih virih informacij, kot so Mednarodni odbor Rdečega križa, indeks upravljanja z naravnimi viri, indeks svetovnega miru itd., preverijo bolj aktualne informacije, ki temeljijo na novicah.
By understanding the national and regional context as well as the potential risks involved in areas they operate in or source from, companies will be in a position to better tailor their due diligence efforts accordingly.
Koristilo bi jim tudi, da preverijo nacionalne ali regionalne vire.
Such more general country specific information can also be beneficial in assessing the plausibility of allegations of misconduct.
Čeprav so včasih težje dostopni, dopuščajo nacionalni oziroma regionalni viri bolj poglobljen vpogled v stanje na določenem območju v primerjavi z zbranimi podatki o posamezni državi.
The listed open-source information is grouped according to the key elements set out in the definition of conflict-affected and high-risk areas (cf. section 3):
Podjetja, ki preverijo te vire, lahko ravnajo na naslednji način:
CONFLICT — allowing for the assessment of whether an area is in a ‘state of armed conflict’ or is a ‘fragile post-conflict’ area.
Na podlagi podatkov o oskrbovalni verigi, shranjenih v njihovem sistemu upravljanja (1. korak v petstopenjskem okviru, glej oddelek 2), bi morala podjetja najprej opredeliti geografska območja, na katerih pridobivajo minerale, z njimi trgujejo, ravnajo oziroma jih prek njih prevažajo, da bi razumela okoliščine, v katerih potekajo dejavnosti rudarjenja in trgovanja, ter opredeliti s tem povezana tveganja.
GOVERNANCE — allowing for the assessment of the extent to which areas witness weak or non-existent governance and security.
V ta namen lahko podjetja preverijo javno dostopne vire (tj. analitske vire, zemljevide/razpredelnice in novice), ki so našteti spodaj in vsebujejo tri ključne elemente opredelitve konfliktnih območij in območij z visokim tveganjem (tj. konflikt, upravljanje in človekove pravice), da bi razumela politične in varnostne okoliščine ter opredelila in ocenila morebitna tveganja negativnih učinkov njihove oskrbovalne verige v primerjavi z njihovo politiko oskrbovalne verige, ki morajo biti skladni s Prilogo II k smernicam OECD in opozorili v dopolnilih.
HUMAN RIGHTS — allowing for the assessment of whether an area is affected by widespread and systematic violations of international law, including human rights abuses.
Če spodaj navedeni viri navajajo nasprotujoče si ali pomanjkljive informacije, bi morala podjetja ravnati previdno, preden območje izločijo iz okrepljenih postopkov potrebne skrbnosti.
In addition, the list provided in section 4.2 includes information sources on mineral resources, for context.
Ponovno je treba poudariti, da je odgovornost za potrebno skrbnost vezana na opredelitev in obravnavo dejanskih ali možnih tveganj, da se preprečijo ali ublažijo negativni učinki dejavnosti, zlasti pridobivanja in trgovanja, ter poslovnih odnosov kot tudi drugih okoliščin, povezanih z dejavnostmi podjetja, in ne zgolj na državo ali območje, od koder izvirajo minerali.
How to best use the information sources
Spodaj našteti viri se posodabljajo v različnih časovnih presledkih ter so sicer pomembni, vendar ne nujno popolnoma točni.
The listed information sources are of a non-commercial nature, i.e. not requiring subscription fees or any financial contribution.
Zato bi jih bilo treba uporabiti v kombinaciji in po potrebi dodati dopolnilne vire.
Companies should consider whether that sources provide updated information while using them.
Ko bo ta okvirni, neizčrpni in redno posodobljeni seznam konfliktnih območij in območij z visokim tveganjem, ki ga bodo pripravili zunanji strokovnjaki, na voljo, bo ta pomenil dodatni vir informacij.
The Regulation sets out that in addition to these guidelines, the European Commission is to call upon external expertise that will provide an indicative, non-exhaustive, regularly updated list of conflict-affected and high-risk areas.
Seznam virov javno dostopnih informacij
The European Commission's services will together with such external expertise ensure to update as appropriate the list of information sources to ensure its continued relevance.
Zadeva za oceno
Additional sources of a more general nature (some of which are not explicitly mentioned in the list below) that are useful to consult include geological surveys with information on mineral resources (British and U.S. Geological Surveys), the European Commission's Raw Material Information System, the websites of leading organisations on this issue such as the U.S. State Department Country Reports (Governance and Human Rights), reports published by the different UN agencies (including the Human Rights Council, UNHCR, OHCHR, UNICEF, UNDP, ILO, and IOM) and other relevant civil society organisations, for instance Amnesty International, Global Witness, Human Rights Watch and IMPACT (the former Partnership Africa Canada).
Pokritost
The websites of other organisations and information sources such as the International Committee of the Red Cross, Natural Resource Governance Index, Global Peace Index, etc. may also be consulted by companies for more topical, news-based information.
Javno dostopni viri
It would also be useful to consult national or regional sources.
Vsebina
Although sometimes more difficult to access, national/regional sources allow for a more in-depth review of the situation in a specific area compared with aggregate country information.
KONFLIKT
Companies consulting these sources can proceed as follows:
Ves svet
On the basis of the supply chain information retained in their management system (step 1 of the five-step framework, cf. section 2), companies should first seek to identify their geographical areas of mineral sourcing, trading, handling and transportation with a view to understanding the context in which the mining and trading activities take place and identify the related risks.
Analitični viri
To this end, companies can consult the open sources (i.e. analytical sources, maps/tables and news items) listed below covering the three key elements of the definition of conflicted-affected and high-risk areas (i.e. conflict, governance and human rights) to understand the political and security context, and identify and assess the potential risks of adverse impacts of their supply chain against their supply chain policy which are to be consistent with Annex II of the OECD Guidance, and the ‘red flags’ set out in its supplements.
Analize najnovejših svetovnih konfliktov v obliki besedil in grafov; ločena poglavja za regije in posamezne države.
In case the sources listed below provide contradictory or inconclusive information, companies should exercise caution before dismissing an area from enhanced due diligence procedures.
Vladavina prava v oboroženih konfliktih, ženevska akademija
It should be stressed again that the responsibility of due diligence is tied to identifying and addressing actual or potential risks in order to prevent or mitigate adverse impacts of operations in particular sourcing, trade and business relationships as well as other circumstances associated with companies' activities and not only to the country or area of origin of the mineral.
Zbirke podatkov in analize, ki poročajo o izvajanju mednarodnega prava v oboroženih konfliktih po svetu (pokriva ves svet in navaja kratke preglede).
The sources listed below are updated with varying periodicity and while being relevant may not always be fully accurate.
Projekt zmogljivosti ocenjevanja – Svetovni pregled izrednih razmer
They should therefore be used in combination and with the addition of complementary sources as appropriate.
Svetovni zemljevid in analize posameznih držav, ki zagotavljajo pregled in analize držav z „zaskrbljujočim stanjem“, „humanitarno krizo“ in „hudo humanitarno krizo“.
Once the abovementioned indicative, non-exhaustive, regularly updated list of conflict-affected and high-risk areas to be provided by external expertise is available, it will provide an addition source of information.
Zemljevidi ali razpredelnice
List of open information sources
Uppsalski program za podatke o konfliktih – nabor podatkov o georeferenčnih dogodkih
Issue for assessment
Interaktivni zemljevid dogodkov organiziranega nasilja, ki temelji na virih novic; vključno s smrtnimi žrtvami, vrsto nasilja (državno, nedržavno, enostransko), uporabnik lahko iskanje osredotoči na raven enega dogodka.
Coverage
Stanje najresnejših svetovnih konfliktov/morebitnih konfliktov; interaktivni zemljevid in podatkovna zbirka za oceno stanja v izbranih državah 2003–2018.
Open sources
Indeks svetovnega miru