natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In this respect, the Commission noted that ADIF is a public undertaking pursuing both economic and non-economic activities, receiving public financing disbursed by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (State resources).
zakonitosti pomoči:
Since the aid is granted to ADIF for the purposes of carrying out economic activities (renting out the facilities to third parties, see recital 19 above) and since ADIF is designated as the owner of the infrastructure outside any tendering process, the measure appeared to amount to State aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty in favour of ADIF;
Na podlagi informacij, ki so bile na voljo na datum sprejetja sklepa o začetku postopka, je Komisija ugotovila, da je bilo pred priglasitvijo ukrepa Komisiji porabljenih 19,8 milijona EUR, in povprašala o zasebni ali javni naravi sredstev, uporabljenih za dela, ki so bila opravljena pred priglasitvijo zadevnega ukrepa;
at the level of the SPV.
združljivosti takšnega financiranja z okvirom Komisije za državno pomoč za raziskave in razvoj ter inovacije (v nadaljevanju: okvir R&R&I) [28]:
While the absence of State aid could be presumed if the tender procedure were to allow for the most economically advantageous offer to match the value of the concession, the tender launched in July 2013 was declared void in October 2013 and no further competitive selection process had been launched.
Komisija je izrazila pomisleke glede prispevka projekta k dobro opredeljenemu cilju skupnega interesa, njegove nujnosti in ustreznosti, spodbujevalnega učinka pomoči ter njegove sorazmernosti.
Therefore, the opening decision raised doubts as to the presence of aid at this level [27];
Poleg tega je Komisija navedla, da ni mogoče izključiti neupravičenih negativnih učinkov za konkurenco in trgovino.
at the level of the users of the CEATF centre.
PRIPOMBE ZAINTERESIRANIH STRANI
Although the infrastructure would be open to all potential users, the absence of a viable business plan led the Commission to raise doubts as to whether the envisaged access prices would effectively reflect market levels.
Kot je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 5, je deset družb, ki delujejo v železniškem sektorju, med formalnim postopkom preiskave predložilo svoje pripombe.
The legality of the aid:
Prvič, večina jih je dvomila o obstoju povpraševanja po testnem objektu za tako visoke hitrosti (torej nad 385 km/h) in opozorila na to, da je trenutno železniški sektor za visoke hitrosti v Evropi omejen na 320/350 km/h [29].
Based on the information available at the date of the adoption of its opening decision, the Commission noted that EUR 19,8 million had been spent before the notification of the measure to the Commission, and inquired about the private or public nature of the resources used for the work carried out before the notification of the measure at issue;
Po navedbah enega železniškega prevoznika hitrost 300 km/h predstavlja optimalno ravnovesje med porabo energije in časom potovanja v smislu tržne učinkovitosti.
The compatibility of such financing with the Commission's Framework for State aid for research and development and innovation (the ‘R & D&I Framework’) [28]:
S tehničnega vidika sta dve družbi navedli, da so proge za visoke hitrosti zdaj tiri z gramozno gredo, ki omogočajo železniškemu voznemu parku, da vozi pri hitrostih do 350 km/h.
the Commission expressed concerns regarding the contribution of the project to a well-defined objective of common interest, its necessity and appropriateness, the incentive effect of the aid and its proportionality.
Znatno povečanje komercialne hitrosti bi zahtevalo spremenjeno infrastrukturo in zamenjavo obstoječih tirov z betonskimi ploščami, kar bi pomenilo izjemno visoke stroške naložb in delovanja.
In addition, the Commission indicated that undue negative effects on competition and trade could not be excluded.
Ker se stroški izkoriščanja in vzdrževanja za komercialne železniške tire povečajo s povišanjem hitrosti, bi zaradi posledičnih cen vozovnic za potnike delovanje postalo nekonkurenčno v primerjavi z zračnim prevozom.
COMMENTS FROM INTERESTED PARTIES
Drugič, kar zadeva testiranje samo, je eden proizvajalec železniškega voznega parka poudaril, da četudi takšni objekti omogočajo napredno testiranje, potrjevanje in odobritev za opremo železniškega voznega parka za visoke hitrosti, elemente infrastrukture in nadgradnje, se lahko nekatera posebna testiranja bolje izvajajo neposredno na komercialnih železnicah, torej na pravi infrastrukturi.
As mentioned in recital 5 above, ten companies operating in the railway sector submitted their comments during the formal investigation procedure.
Poleg tega je drug proizvajalec železniškega voznega parka navedel, da bi proizvedeni vlaki bili dodatno testirani na običajnem omrežju v namembni državi.
Firstly, most respondents questioned the existence of demand for a testing facility operating at such high speed (namely above 385 km/h), pointing out that currently the high-speed rail sector in Europe is limited to 320/350 km/h [29].
Obe pripombi ponazarjata odsotnost povpraševanja.
According to a railway operator, a speed of 300 km/h represents an optimal balance between energy consumption and travelling time in terms of market effectiveness.
Poleg tega družba, ki zagotavlja okolje testiranja, ugotavlja, da je virtualno testiranje preko naprednih platform IKT že mogoče izvajati in da bi to lahko bila stroškovno učinkovita rešitev za testiranje za visoke hitrosti v prihodnosti, saj bo odpravila stroške delovanja in vzdrževanja fizičnih objektov za testiranje ter s tem močno zmanjšala proračun železniških družb za R&R.
From a technical point of view, two companies indicated that high-speed lines are now ballasted tracks that enable rolling stock to circulate at up to 350 km/h.
Tretjič, samo ena družba, ki prav tako zagotavlja testiranje za material, je izjavila, da bi bil CEATF priložnost za nove razvojne projekte.
A significant increase in the commercial speed would require the infrastructure to be modified and existing tracks to be replaced by concrete slabs, which would entail prohibitive investment and operating costs.
Dve drugi družbi sta navedli, da bi izkoristili objekt za testiranje, če bi bil zgrajen.
As the exploitation and maintenance costs for commercial railway tracks increase with the rise of the speed, the resulting ticket prices for travellers would make operations uncompetitive in comparison with air transport.
Ena izmed teh dveh družb je izjavila, da bi bil lokalni testni center lahko konkurenčna prednost za španske proizvajalce železniškega voznega parka, ustanovljene znotraj nacionalnega ozemlja.
Secondly, as regards the testing itself, a rolling stock manufacturer stressed that, even when such facilities allow advanced testing, validation and approval for high-speed rolling stock equipment, infrastructure and superstructure elements, some specific tests can be carried out better directly on commercial railways, that is to say on the real infrastructure.
Četrtič, kar zadeva zgraditev in delovanje testnega centra, so nekatere zainteresirane strani poudarile, da bi bil potreben jasen in trden poslovni primer, da bi izpeljale takšen projekt.
Moreover, another rolling stock manufacturer indicated that the trains produced would be additionally tested on the regular network in the country of destination.
Veliko predložitev je prav tako poudarilo potrebo po tem, da testni center, če je zgrajen in začne delovati, zagotovi odprt in nediskriminatoren dostop pod tržnimi pogoji.
Both comments illustrate the absence of demand.
Končno, več tretjih oseb je komentiralo geografsko lego objekta CEATF.
In addition, a company which provides a testing environment notes that virtual testing through advanced ICT platforms can already be performed and might be a cost-effective solution for future high speed testing, as operating and maintenance costs of the physical testing facilities will be avoided thereby strongly reducing the R & D budgets of railway companies.
Poudarjajo, da je južna Španija daleč od velike večine evropskih železniških podjetij in proizvajalcev železniškega voznega parka.
Thirdly, only one company, which also provides testing for material stated that the CEATF would be an opportunity for new development projects.
Takšna lokacija predstavlja precejšne tveganje in stroške, ker je prevoz prototipov vlakov zelo drag, kar bi neizogibno zagotovilo prednost španskim proizvajalcem železniškega voznega parka.
Two other companies indicated that should the test facility be built, they would make use of it.
PRIPOMBE ŠPANIJE
One of those two companies stated that it could be a competitive advantage to Spanish rolling stock manufacturers established within the national territory to have a local test centre.
Obstoj pomoči
Fourthly, as regards the building and operating of the test centre, some interested parties emphasised that a clear and robust business case supporting the investment would be needed in order to go forward with such a project.
Španski organi so delno pregledali svoje stališče kar zadeva obstoj pomoči, zlasti v zvezi z morebitnim izkrivljanjem konkurence, ki bi nastalo zaradi pomoči.
Many of the submissions stressed also the necessity for the test centre, should it be built and become operational, to provide open and non-discriminatory access at market terms.
Navedli so, da je mogoče razlikovati tri stopnje hitrostnega testiranja, pri katerem projekt CEATF lahko konkurira drugim objektom, ki se nahajajo v Evropski uniji, ali pa tudi ne:
Finally, several third parties commented on the geographical location of the CEATF facility.
testiranje pri hitrostih pod 210 km/h: Španski organi so potrdili, da izvajanje takšnega testiranja v CEATF lahko konkurira testiranju, ki se izvaja v drugih objektih v Evropi.
They stress that southern Spain is far from the vast majority of European railway undertakings and rolling stock manufacturers.
Vendar so izjavili, da center CEATF ne bi imel nobenih prednosti kar zadeva takšno testiranje, ker bi bili fiksni stroški za izkoriščanje in vzdrževanje v Antequeri previsoki v primerjavi z drugimi centri, zasnovanimi za delovanje pri takšnih hitrostih;
Such a location bears significant risks and costs as transport of prototype trains is very costly which would inevitably provide an advantage to Spanish rolling stock manufacturers.
testiranje pri hitrostih med 210 in 385 km/h: Španski organi so priznali, da bi lahko obstajala konkurenca znotraj tega segmenta med testiranjem, ki bi se izvajalo v CEATF, in testiranjem, ki se izvaja na obstoječih komercialnih železniških tirih.
COMMENTS FROM SPAIN
Vendar so španski organi navedli, da je to testiranje samo majhen del celotnega testiranja v zvezi z elementi infrastrukture in nadgradnje tirov, železniškega voznega parka ter njihove interakcije.
Existence of aid
Takšno testiranje bi zato bilo omejeno na določene vrste železniškega voznega parka, ki se testira v „klasičnih“ pogojih uporabe.
The Spanish authorities partially reviewed their position as regards the existence of aid, with particular regard to the potential distortion of competition arising from the aid.
Poleg tega, kot je navedeno zgoraj, so španski organi navedli, da bi bili stroški tega testiranja previsoki za konkurenčnost v objektu CEATF;
They indicated that three ranges of speed testing could be distinguished in which the CEATF project may, or may not, compete with other facilities located in the European Union:
testiranje pri hitrostih nad 385 km/h: Španski organi trdijo, da se zaradi pomanjkanja trga za testiranje pri takšnih hitrostih dela financiranja, ki ustreza zgraditvi testnega objekta za testiranje pri hitrostih nad 385 km/h, ne bi smelo obravnavati kot pomoč.
Tests at speeds below 210 km/h: the Spanish authorities confirmed that such tests performed on the CEATF could compete with tests performed at other facilities in Europe.
Španski organi so vztrajali pri dejstvu, da bi bilo treba razlikovanje med testiranjem pri različnih hitrostih obravnavati kot teoretično, ker bi bila v praksi možnost izvajanja testiranja pri hitrostih pod 210 km/h ali med 210 in 385 km/h v CEATF omejena zaradi visokih stroškov vzdrževanja in delovanja.
However, they stated that the CEATF centre would not have any advantage in respect of such tests, as the fixed costs for exploitation and maintenance in Antequera would be too high compared to other centres designed to operate at those speeds;
Španija je delno na novo preučila svoj začetni položaj kar zadeva obstoj pomoči in v zaključku meni, da bi bilo treba kot državno pomoč obravnavati izključno financiranje zgraditve elementov CEATF, ki omogočajo testiranje pri hitrosti pod 385 km/h, in da bi bilo treba financiranje oceniti v skladu z okvirom R&R&I.
Tests at speeds between 210 and 385 km/h: the Spanish authorities recognised that there might be competition within this segment between tests performed on the CEATF and tests performed on existing commercial railway tracks.
V svoji predložitvi z dne 2. julija 2015 so španski organi predložili vrednotenje ter navedli, da ti stroški predstavljajo 25,1 % stroškov projekta in znašajo 90,2 milijona EUR brez DDV.
However, the Spanish authorities indicated that those tests represent only a small part of all the tests regarding elements of tracks infrastructure and superstructure, rolling stock and their interactions.
Zato so ocenili, da se sredstev za del objektov CEATF, namenjenih testiranju pri hitrostih nad 385 km/h, ki znašajo 240,6 milijona EUR, ne bi smelo obravnavati kot pomoč [30].
Such tests would therefore be limited to certain types of rolling stock tested in ‘classical’ conditions of use.
Združljivost
In addition, as already stated above, the Spanish authorities indicated that the costs of those tests would be too high to be competitive at the CEATF facility;
V svojih pripombah španski organi prav tako ponovno poudarjajo svoje stališče glede združljivosti državne pomoči:
Tests at speeds above 385 km/h: the Spanish authorities maintain that, as no market exists for testing at such speeds, the part of the financing corresponding to the construction of the test facility for tests above 385 km/h should not be regarded as aid.
objekt CEATF bi prispeval k cilju skupnega interesa, ker bi s povečanjem vlaganja v R&R&I ustrezal operativnemu programu pametne rasti za Španijo, ki je bil sprejet februarja 2015 [31] in med cilje katerega spada tudi nadgradnja infrastrukture za R&R&I z namenom okrepiti inovativno sposobnost Španije.
The Spanish authorities insisted on the fact that the distinction between tests at different speeds should be considered theoretical as, in practice, the possibility to perform tests below 210 km/h or between 210 and 385 km/h at the CEATF would be limited due to high maintenance and operational costs.
Po navedbah Španije ima država najbolj razširjeno omrežje za visoke hitrosti v Evropi in takšen objekt za testiranje bi lahko gotovo privedel do novih tehnoloških prebojev;
In conclusion, by partially reconsidering its initial position as regards the existence of aid, Spain considers that only the financing of the construction of the elements of the CEATF which allow for testing below 385 km/h should be regarded as State aid and should be assessed in accordance with the R & D&I Framework.
španski organi utemeljujejo potrebo po državni pomoči za ta projekt na podlagi multidisciplinarnega značaja testiranja, ki bi se izvajalo.
In their submission of 2 July 2015, the Spanish authorities provided an evaluation and indicated that those costs represented 25,1 % of the project's costs, and amounted to EUR 90,2 million, excluding VAT.
Po njihovem mnenju zaradi raznolikega razpona dejavnosti družb, vpletenih v to testiranje (na primer družbe za javna dela, komunikacijo, signalizacijo, vleko, železniški vozni park), ne bi nobena družba dosegla kritične mase ali imela finančno sposobnost za izvedbo naložbe, primerljive z naložbo, ki je potrebna za CEATF, ali za pritegnitev in združitev drugih družb.
They therefore estimated that the section of the CEATF's facilities dedicated to testing at speeds above 385 km/h, which amounts to EUR 240,6 million, should not be regarded as aid [30].
Kar zadeva financiranje projekta in obstoj tržne nepopolnosti v obliki nepopolnih in nesimetričnih informacij, so španski organi potrdili, da je edini vir financiranja, ki je na voljo za zgraditev CEATF, javno financiranje, „ob upoštevanju študij dobičkonosnosti, ki jih je opravil ADIF“;
Compatibility
glede na zgoraj navedeno je Španija potrdila, da je ukrep pomoči ustrezen, ker je javno financiranje edini primeren instrument pomoči zaradi dejstva, da bi denarni tokovi projekta krili samo 8,13 % naložbe (primanjkljaj financiranja bi bil 91,87 %).
In their observations, the Spanish authorities also reiterate their position on the compatibility of the State aid:
Stanje glede denarnega toka prav tako pojasni, zakaj prvi razpis za izbiro subjekta s posebnim namenom ni bil uspešen, saj so družbe ocenile, da je denarni tok nezadosten za kritje začetne naložbe;
The CEATF facility would contribute to an objective of common interest as, by increasing R & D&I investments, it would fit in the Smart Growth Operational Programme for Spain, adopted in February 2015 [31], one of the objectives of which is to upgrade R & D&I infrastructures in order to strengthen Spain's capacity to innovate.
po mnenju španskih organov ima pomoč spodbujevalni učinek.
According to Spain, the country has the most extended high-speed network in Europe and such a test facility could clearly lead to new technological breakthroughs;
Španija je vztrajala pri dejstvu, da bi kljub ekonomski analizi projekta, ki kaže negativno čisto sedanjo vrednost (v nadaljevanju: ČSV) – 362,5 milijona EUR, projekt imel iz socialno-ekonomskega vidika pozitiven ČSV 17,3 milijona EUR (ob upoštevanju ustvarjenih delovnih mest in drugih dejavnosti, ki bi nastale zaradi ustanovitve CEATF v regiji);
The Spanish authorities justify the need for State aid for this project on the basis of the multidisciplinary nature of the technical tests to be carried out.
španski organi so navedli, da bi se moral za izračun zneska državne pomoči in največje intenzivnosti pomoči, ki velja za projekt, upoštevati samo tisti del naložbe, ki ustreza delu projekta, ki bi lahko učinkovito konkuriral drugim objektom (po njihovem mnenju torej 90,2 milijona EUR).
In their opinion, due to the diverse field of activities of the companies involved in those tests (for example civil works, communication, signalisation, traction, rolling stocks companies) no company would reach the critical mass or have the financial capacity to make an investment comparable to the one needed for the CEATF and which could attract and federate other companies.
Kot je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 58, po mnenju španskih organov ta del predstavlja 25,1 % celotne naložbe.
As regards the financing of the project and existence of a market failure in the form of imperfect and asymmetric information, the Spanish authorities confirmed that no source of financing other than public financing is available for the construction of the CEATF ‘taking into account the profitability studies made by ADIF’;
Ker je intenzivnost pomoči, dovoljena za raziskovalno infrastrukturo, ki opravlja gospodarsko dejavnost, 60 %, kot je določeno v točki 89 okvira R&R&I, bi po njihovem mnenju ADIF moral zagotoviti samo 10 % naložbe (0,4 × 25,1 % = 10 %).
In light of the above, Spain confirmed that the aid measure is appropriate, as there is no other suitable aid instrument than public financing due to the fact that project's cash flows would only cover 8,13 % of the investment (financing deficit would be 91,87 %).
Kljub temu navajajo, da bi ADIF neposredno preskrbel 39,2 milijona EUR in s tem zagotovil večje financiranje, enako 20 % dela, ki ga ne krijejo prihodki od projekta, preko posojila, dodeljenega po obrestni meri 1,17 %.
The cash flow situation explains also the failure of the first tender to select the SPV as the companies estimated the cash flow insufficient to cover the initial investment;
Poleg tega po mnenju Španije postopki za razpis in oddajo naročil zagotavljajo, da je pomoč čim bolj omejena.
According to the Spanish authorities, the aid has an incentive effect.
Zato menijo, da je pomoč sorazmerna in omejena na najmanjši potrebni znesek;
Spain insisted on the fact that, even though the economic analysis of the project reveals a negative Net Present Value (‘NPV’) of EUR — 362,5 million, it would have, from a socioeconomic point of view, a positive NPV of EUR 17,3 million (taking into account the employment created and other activities induced by the establishment of the CEATF in the region);
po mnenju Španije ne bo prišlo do neupravičenih negativnih učinkov na konkurenco in trgovino zaradi relativno podrejenega konkurenčnega položaja CEATF, ki ga povzročijo visoki stroški delovanja in vzdrževanja za testiranje pri hitrostih pod 210 km/h.
The Spanish authorities indicated that in order to calculate the State aid amount and the maximum aid intensity applicable to the project, only the part of the investment that corresponds to the part of the project that might effectively compete with other facilities should be taken into account (that is to say EUR 90,2 million in their view).
Ker so stroški izkoriščanja in vzdrževanja proge za visoke hitrosti pomnoženi s 3 v primerjavi z običajno izkoriščeno progo, bi bil CEATF dejansko izključen iz trga za takšno testiranje.
As mentioned in recital 58 above, the Spanish authorities consider that this part represents 25,1 % of the total investment.
Španija zagotavlja, da bo pomoč izpolnjevala vse zahteve po preglednosti, kot to zahtevajo veljavne uredbe Unije.
In their view, as the aid intensity allowed for a research infrastructure performing economic activity is 60 %, as set out in point 89 of the R & D&I Framework, ADIF would have to provide only 10 % of the investment (0,4 × 25,1 % = 10 %).
OCENA POMOČI
Despite this, they indicate that ADIF, by providing directly EUR 39,2 million, would ensure a bigger financing, equal to 20 % of the part not covered by the income generated by the project, through a loan given at an interest rate of 1,17 %.
Člen 107(1) Pogodbe določa, da je „vsaka pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, ali kakršna koli vrsta pomoči iz državnih sredstev, ki izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco z dajanjem prednosti posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga, nezdružljiva s skupnim trgom, kolikor prizadene trgovino med državami članicami“.
Hence they consider the aid to be proportionate and limited to the minimum necessary;
Gospodarska dejavnost
According to Spain, undue negative effects on competition and trade will be avoided, due to the relative competitive disadvantages of CEATF caused by its high operational and maintenance costs for testing at speeds below 210 km/h.
Sodišče dosledno opredeljuje podjetja kot subjekte, ki opravljajo gospodarsko dejavnost, ne glede na njihov pravni status in način financiranja [32].
As the exploitation and maintenance costs of a high-speed line are multiplied by 3 compared to a normal exploited line, de facto, the CEATF would be excluded of the market for such testing;
Razvrstitev posameznega subjekta med podjetja je torej v celoti odvisna od njegovih dejavnosti.
Spain guarantees that the aid will comply with all transparency requirements as requested by the applicable Union regulations.
Splošno sodišče je leta 1999 priznalo, da „zagotavljanje infrastrukture, kadar je subjekt odgovoren za njeno upravljanje,“ lahko predstavlja gospodarsko dejavnost [33].
As indicated in recital 6 above, the comments received from third parties were sent to the Spanish authorities on 24 September 2015.
Tako je jasno, da zgraditev infrastrukture, ki se bo komercialno izkoriščala, predstavlja gospodarsko dejavnost [34].
The Spanish authorities observed in their reply dated 14 October 2015 that those comments were very general in nature as regards the perspective of using the CEATF centre, and were based on each company's conception of the evolution of the railway testing market.
V obravnavanem primeru je zgraditev CEATF neposredno povezana z njegovim izkoriščanjem in španski organi so potrdili, da so dejavnosti, ki bi se opravljale v CEATF, gospodarske narave.