natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Other airlines such as Tarom, Lufthansa, Austrian Airlines, Malev, Alitalia, Moldavian Airlines, Alpi Eagles, Skyeurope Airlines, Wizzair served the airport.
Komisija je v sklepu o začetku postopka predhodno menila, da pogoji, na podlagi katerih nadomestilo za storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena ne bi pomenilo prednosti v smislu člena 107 Pogodbe, v tej zadevi niso bili kumulativno izpolnjeni.
BAIA MARE-SATU MARE
Glede na četrti pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark [16] mora biti nadomestilo, da se ne opredeli kot državna pomoč, omejeno na najnižjo raven, ki bi jo za to potrebovalo učinkovito podjetje.
The characteristics of the runway at Baia Mare airport allow the operation on a regular basis of aircraft with a maximum capacity of 75 passengers for short-haul flights.
Šteje se, da je to merilo izpolnjeno, če so bili prejemniki nadomestila izbrani v postopku oddaje javnega naročila.
The characteristics of the runway at Satu Mare airport allow the operation of aircrafts with a seating capacity of up to 180 passengers for medium-haul flights.
Če to ni izpolnjeno, je treba raven nadomestila določiti na podlagi analize stroškov, ki bi jih povprečno, dobro vodeno podjetje, ki je ustrezno opremljeno s sredstvi, zato da lahko zadosti zahtevam javne službe, imelo pri izpolnjevanju teh obveznosti ob upoštevanju realiziranih prejemkov in razumnega dobička zaradi izpolnjevanja teh obveznosti.
The capacity of the airport amounts to 100 passengers/hour.
Komisija je predhodno menila, da ta pogoj ni bil izpolnjen, saj upravljavci upravičenih letališč niso bili izbrani v postopku oddaje javnega naročila.
Tuzla airport operates a grass strip used by small aircraft (i.e. not exceeding a maximum take-off weight (MTOW) of 5700 kg [13]) and has no radio navigation system.
Komisija je zato menila, da je ukrep prejemnikom zagotovil gospodarsko prednost, in je sprejela predhodno ugotovitev, da so letno dodeljene subvencije za tekoče poslovanje pomenile državno pomoč v smislu člena 107 Pogodbe.
In the period 2007-2009, the number of aircraft movements of aircrafts of maximum MTOW of 5700 kg from Constanța airport was significantly lower (5 to 16 times lower in the period under assessment) than at Tuzla airport.
Komisija je tudi ugotovila, da Romunija ni izpodbijala tega, da ukrep pomeni pomoč.
Tuzla airport mainly serves specialised flights while Constanța airport serves medium and large aircraft for commercial traffic.
Glede združljivosti ukrepa je imela Komisija pomisleke o tem, ali so bila izpolnjena merila iz odločbe o storitvah splošnega gospodarskega pomena iz leta 2005 in ali so bile zato subvencije za tekoče poslovanje, letno izplačane letališčem, izvzete iz obveznosti priglasitve, kot je sprva trdila Romunija.
ORADEA-DEBRECEN
Komisija je v tem smislu najprej navedla, da če naj bi se odločba o storitvah splošnega gospodarskega pomena iz leta 2005 uporabljala v posameznih primerih, morajo biti zadevne storitve dejanske storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena in da jih mora država članica jasno opredeliti kot take.
Debrecen Airport (Hungary) is at 80 km from Oradea airport, but the travelling time is of at least 1h30 since the trip includes passing of a border passport control from Romania which is not in the Schengen area to Hungary which belongs to the Schengen area.
Komisija je menila, da v tem primeru Romunija ni zagotovila dovolj informacij za utemeljitev, da bi bilo treba upravljanje 13 regionalnih letališč šteti za storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena v smislu, da bi bila povezava območij, na katerih ta letališča opravljajo storitve, s preostalo državo nezadostna, če bi bila prepuščena le tržnim silam.
Debrecen airport had 42900 passengers in 2007, 42650 passengers in 2008 and 25060 passengers in 2009.
Komisija je nadalje menila, da država članica letaliških služb ni jasno opredelila kot storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena.
The two airports had different business models in 2007-2009 since Debrecen airport was focused on charter flights (with low cost traffic developing only in the last years), while Oradea airport was focused on domestic flights by regional and national full service carriers.
Predhodno je menila, da bi lahko bil razlog, zaradi katerega so navedena letališča prinašala izgubo, v navideznem podvajanju regionalnih letališč v Romuniji z istim zaledjem.
BUDGET
Zato je opozorila, da je imelo več od teh letališč manj kot 50000 potnikov na leto in da so bila medsebojno oddaljena manj kot 100 km zračne razdalje.
The total budget of the measure under assessment is 490401,3 thousand RON, as detailed in Table 1.
Komisija je tako menila, da opredelitev javne službe ni bila dovolj jasna in da lahko vsebuje očitno napako, saj bi se lahko upravljanje letališč opredelilo kot storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena brez dejanske potrebe po zagotavljanju ustrezne povezave med zaledjem vsakega letališča s preostalimi deli države.
OTHER PENDING INVESTIGATION PROCEDURES
Komisija je imela tudi pomisleke o tem, ali so bile zahteve iz člena 4 odločbe o storitvah splošnega gospodarskega pomena iz leta 2005, ki se nanašajo na vsebino aktov o pooblastitvi, v celoti izpolnjene.
On 31 July 2015, the Commission opened two formal investigation procedures concerning, inter alia, public funding measures in favour of Cluj-Napoca Airport granted over the period from 2010 to 2014 [14] and Târgu Mureș airport granted from 2011 to 2014 [15], other than those covered by the investigation subject to this Decision.
Nazadnje je ugotovila, da čeprav so romunski organi potrdili, da so bile subvencionirane le osnovne dejavnosti letališč, ni bilo dovolj jasno, ali so bili dejansko subvencionirani le stroški upravičenih dejavnosti.
GROUNDS FOR INITIATING THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION PROCEDURE
V akte o pooblastitvi ni bila vključena nobena posebna določba o omejitvi upravičenih stroškov na osnovne dejavnosti letališč.
As explained in recital 4 above, in the opening decision, the Commission decided to initiate the formal investigation procedure in respect to the notified aid and public financing in the period 2007-2009 to cover operating losses.
PRIPOMBE ROMUNIJE
Subsequently, following the withdrawal by Romania of its notification of the planned financing scheme of infrastructure investments, the formal investigation procedure remained opened as concerns the public financing granted to Romanian regional airports in the period 2007-2009 (see recital 10 above).
Pripombe Romunije k sklepu o začetku postopka so se večinoma nanašale na pomisleke Komisije o shemi državne pomoči za financiranje infrastrukture letališč z letnim prometom manj kot 1 milijon potnikov, katere priglasitev je bila umaknjena.
In the opening decision, the Commission took the preliminary view that the conditions for the compensation for SGEIs not to constitute an advantage within the meaning of Article 107 of the Treaty were not cumulatively met in this case.
Glede javnega financiranja romunskih regionalnih letališč je Romunija v odgovor na mnenje Komisije, v skladu s katerim lahko navidezno preveliko število letališč v določenih regijah ovira razvoj zadevnih letališč, trdila, da je bilo stanje regionalnih letališč (z majhnim prometom, zaradi katerega ne morejo doseči stopnje donosnosti) predvsem posledica stopnje razvitosti regij, v katerih so navedena letališča, ne pa oddaljenosti od sosednjih letališč.
Indeed, according to the fourth condition of the Altmark judgement [16], the compensation must be limited to the minimum necessary for an efficient undertaking in order for it to escape State aid qualification.
Romunija je glede javnega financiranja na podlagi Sklepa vlade št. 398/1997 pojasnila, da se zneski ne izplačajo ob začetku leta na podlagi predvidenih stroškov in da se kakršen koli presežek ne vrne državi ob koncu finančnega leta, kot je navedeno v sklepu o začetku postopka, temveč se tako financiranje dodeli, ko se dejavnosti izvajajo, temelji pa na utemeljitvah in je v mejah odobrenega proračuna.
This criterion is deemed to be fulfilled if the recipients of the compensation have been chosen following a tender procedure Failing that, the level of compensation must be determined on the basis of an analysis of the costs which a typical undertaking, well run and adequately provided with means so as to be able to meet the necessary public service requirements, would have incurred in discharging those obligations, taking into account the relevant revenues and a reasonable profit for discharging the obligations.
PRIPOMBE ZAINTERESIRANIH STRANI
The Commission took the preliminary view that this condition was not fulfilled since the operators of the beneficiary airports had not been chosen following a public tender procedure.
PRIPOMBE DRUŽBE CARPATAIR
Nor had Romania claimed that the compensation had been set on the basis of an analysis of the costs of a typical airport operator, well run and adequately provided with means to provide the public service.
Pripombe družbe Carpatair se deloma nanašajo na javno financiranje letališča Temišvar in družbo Wizz Air.
Therefore the Commission considered that the measure provided the recipients with an economic advantage and came to the preliminary conclusion that the annual operating subsidies constituted State aid in the meaning of Article 107 of the Treaty.
Kot je pojasnjeno v uvodni izjavi 15, je javno financiranje letališča Temišvar in družbe Wizz Air predmet drugega formalnega postopka preiskave [17].
The Commission also noted that Romania had not contested the aid qualification of the measure.
Zato bo Komisija povzela le pripombe družbe Carpatair, ki se nanašajo na to zadevo.
As concerns compatibility of the measure, the Commission had doubts that the criteria laid down by the 2005 SGEI Decision were complied with and therefore that the operating subsidies paid yearly to the airports were exempted from the notification requirement, as initially claimed by Romania.
Družba Carpatair trdi, da se pomoč za tekoče poslovanje na splošno šteje za nezakonito in je v nasprotju z interesom EU ter da jo je treba dodeliti le v izjemnih okoliščinah.
In this sense, the Commission first noted that in order for the 2005 SGEI Decision to be applicable in specific cases, the services in question must qualify as genuine SGEIs and be clearly defined as such by the Member State.
Dodelitev pomoči za tekoče poslovanje letališčem bi bila po mnenju te družbe moteča za industrijo iz naslednjih razlogov:
The Commission took the view that in this case insufficient information had been provided by Romania to justify that the operation of the thirteen regional airports should be considered SGEI in the sense that the areas served by those airports would be insufficiently connected to the rest of the country if left to the market forces alone.
ustvarila bi nelojalno konkurenco med letališči EU, letališču, ki je upravičeno do državne pomoči, pa bi omogočila, da privabi letalske prevoznike s ponujanjem popustov na letališke pristojbine.
The Commission further considered that the airport services had not been clearly defined as SGEIs by the Member State.
Letališča, ki niso upravičena do pomoči, ne bi mogla učinkovito konkurirati za prevoznike;
The Commission took the preliminary view that the apparent duplication of regional airports in Romania within the same catchment area could be a reason why those airports were loss making.
zaradi ukrepa bi letališča, ki prejemajo pomoč za tekoče poslovanje, ponujala visoke popuste na letališke pristojbine, taki popusti pa ne bi bili odobreni, če bi letališča delovala pod tržnimi pogoji.
To this end, the Commission noted that several of these airports had less than 50000 passengers per year and were located within a linear distance of less than 100 km from each other.
Družba Carpatair opozarja, da ima pomoč za tekoče poslovanje negativen učinek na zračni prevoz in trge letaliških storitev, saj povzroča nelojalno konkurenco med letališči ter nazadnje nelojalno konkurenco med letalskimi prevozniki, ki opravljajo lete z navedenih letališč.
Therefore the Commission took the view that the definition of the public service was not sufficiently clear and may contain manifest error insofar as the operation of the airports could have been defined as SGEI without an effective need to ensure a proper connection of the catchment area of each airport to the rest of the country.
Pomoč za tekoče poslovanje kot taka povzroča nelojalno konkurenco med letališči v Romuniji in tudi negativno vpliva na letališča v sosednjih državah, kot je Madžarska.
The Commission also had doubts that the requirements of Article 4 of the 2005 SGEI Decision relating to the content of the entrustment act were met in full.
PRIPOMBE ROMUNSKEGA ZDRUŽENJA LETALIŠČ
Finally, the Commission noted that although the Romanian authorities have confirmed that only core activities of the airports were being subsidized, it was not sufficiently clear whether in fact only the costs of eligible activities had been subsidized.
Romunsko združenje letališč je neprofitni pravni subjekt zasebnega prava, ki zastopa romunska civilna letališča.
No specific provision to restrict eligible costs to the core activities of the airports was included in the acts of entrustment.
Pripombe tega združenja k sklepu o začetku postopka se večinoma osredotočajo na vidike, povezane s shemo državne pomoči za financiranje infrastrukture.
COMMENTS FROM ROMANIA
Romunsko združenje letališč v bistvu trdi, da je treba infrastrukturo večine regionalnih letališč v Romuniji posodobiti, saj je precej slabša od letališč v drugih državah članicah EU.
Romania's comments on the opening decision mainly referred to the doubts raised by the Commission on the State aid scheme for the financing of infrastructure for airports with annual traffic of less than 1 million passengers, whose notification has been withdrawn.
Po mnenju združenja bi bilo javno financiranje za posodobitev letališke infrastrukture upravičeno zaradi neobstoja izvedljivih in zanesljivih drugih možnosti prevoza v Romuniji (ni niti avtocest niti hitrih vlakov).
As regards the public funding to Romanian regional airports, in reply to the view of Commission according to which the apparent overabundance of airports in certain regions may hinder the development of the airports in question, Romania submitted that the situation of regional airports (with low traffic which does not allow them to reach a level of profitability) was primarily due to the state of development of the regions where those airports were located, rather than to the distance to neighbouring airports.
PRIPOMBE LETALIŠČA CLUJ-NAPOCA
Regarding the public financing on the basis of the Government Decision 398/1997/EC, Romania clarified that amounts are not paid at the beginning of the year on the basis of forecasts of costs and any surplus is not returned to the State at the end of the financial year as stated in the opening decision, but that such financing is granted at the moment when the activities are undertaken based on justifications and within the limits of the approved budget.
Po navedbah letališča Cluj-Napoca so se z javnim financiranjem, ki mu ga je dodelil lokalni svet, subvencionirale le negospodarske dejavnosti, zaradi česar to financiranje ne spada na področje uporabe člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
COMMENTS FROM INTERESTED PARTIES
Z zadevnimi zneski so se predvidoma krili stroški nekaterih negospodarskih dejavnosti, ki se izvajajo v letaliških prostorih (kot so mejne patrulje, brigada posebnih sil, dejavnosti carine in policije, posebna letalska enota), ter stroški za podporno infrastrukturo in opremo, vključno z vzdrževanjem, posodobitvijo, upravljanjem infrastrukture, stroški za pomožne storitve, ki jih zagotavlja letališče, požarno varnost, nujno pomoč in varnostne ukrepe.
COMMENTS FROM CARPATAIR
Po navedbah letališča Cluj-Napoca navedeni stroški spadajo v pristojnost države pri izvajanju uradnih pooblastil in zato ne spadajo na področje uporabe pravil o državni pomoči.
Carpatair's comments partially refer to public financing to Timișoara airport and Wizz Air.
Poleg tega je še navedlo, da v obdobju 2007–2009 ni evidentiralo izgub iz poslovanja.
As explained in recital 15, public financing of Timișoara airport and Wizz Air is subject to another formal investigation procedure [17].
PRIPOMBE ROMUNIJE K PRIPOMBAM ZAINTERESIRANIH STRANI
In what follows the Commission will therefore only summarise Carpatair's comments with relevance to the present case.
Romunija je Komisiji z dopisom z dne 17. oktobra 2011 poslala pripombe k pripombam, ki so jih predložile zainteresirane strani v preiskavi.
Carpatair submits that operating aid is generally considered illegal and against EU interest, and should only be granted in exceptional circumstances.
Čeprav so se te pripombe nanašale izključno na priglašeno shemo državne pomoči za naložbe v infrastrukturo, pa so nekatere pomembne za presojo subvencij za tekoče poslovanje, ki se ocenjujejo v tem sklepu.
Granting operating aid to airports would in Carpatair's view be disruptive for the industry, for the following reasons:
Navedene pripombe so povzete v nadaljevanju.
it would create unfair competition between EU airports and allow an airport benefitting from State aid to attract air carriers by offering discounts on airport charges.
Po njenih trditvah razdalja med navedenimi letališči nikakor ne bi mogla vplivati na njihov razvoj.
Airports not benefitting from aid would be unable to compete for carriers effectively;
Razlog za to je, da celo v tistih primerih, v katerih zračna razdalja med letališči ne presega 100 km, potovanje običajno traja več kot 2 uri, zaradi česar zadevna letališča ne izvajajo medsebojnega konkurenčnega pritiska.
the measure would urge airports that receive operating aid to grant high discounts to airport charges, and such discounts would not be granted if the airports acted on market terms.
OCENA POMOČI
Carpatair points out that operating aid has a negative effect on the air transport and airport services markets as it leads to unfair competition between airports and ultimately unfair competition between airlines operating from those airports.
Komisija glede na odločitvi o začetku formalnega postopka preiskave za letališče Cluj-Napoca in letališče Târgu-Mureș, sprejeti 31. julija 2015 (glej uvodno izjavo 39), meni, da je primerno zaključiti sedanjo preiskavo za vsa letališča, na katera se nanaša, razen za letališči Cluj-Napoca in Târgu-Mureș.
As such, operating aid causes unfair competition between airports in Romania and also affects negatively airports in neighbouring countries such as Hungary.
OBSTOJ POMOČI
COMMENTS FROM RAA
V skladu s členom 107(1) Pogodbe je vsaka pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, ali kakršna koli vrsta pomoči iz državnih sredstev, ki izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco z dajanjem prednosti posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga, nezdružljiva z notranjim trgom, kolikor prizadene trgovino med državami članicami.
RAA is a non-profit private law legal entity representing Romanian civil airports.
Merila iz člena 107(1) Pogodbe so kumulativna.
RAA comments on the opening decision focus on the aspects related to the State aid scheme for the financing of infrastructure.
Za ugotovitev, ali ukrepi, v zvezi s katerimi poteka preiskava, pomenijo državno pomoč v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe, morajo biti torej izpolnjeni vsi navedeni pogoji.
RAA essentially submits that the infrastructure of most regional airports in Romania requires updating and is well below that of airports of other EU Member States.
To pomeni, da za finančno pomoč velja:
According to RAA, public funding to upgrade airport infrastructure would be justified by the absence of feasible and reliable transport alternative in Romania (no motorways nor high speed trains).
da jo dodeli država ali je dodeljena iz državnih sredstev,
COMMENTS FROM CLUJ-NAPOCA AIRPORT
daje prednost posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga,
According to Cluj-Napoca airport, the public funding granted to it by the local council served to subsidise only non-economic activities and hence fell outside the scope of Article 107(1) of the Treaty.
izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco;
According to Cluj-Napoca airport, those costs fall under State responsibility in the exercise of its official powers and therefore do not fall within the scope of the rules on State aid.
Gospodarska dejavnost in pojem podjetja
The airport further submitted that in the period 2007-2009 the airport recorded no operating losses.
V skladu z ustaljeno sodno prakso mora Komisija najprej ugotoviti, ali so upravljavci letališč podjetja v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
ROMANIA'S COMMENTS ON INTERESTED PARTIES COMMENTS
Pojem podjetje zajema vse subjekte, ki opravljajo gospodarsko dejavnost, ne glede na njihov pravni status in način financiranja [18].
Although these comments exclusively referred to the notified State aid scheme for infrastructure investments, some of those comments are of relevance for the assessment of the operating subsidies under assessment in this Decision.
V sodbi v združenih zadevah Mitteldeutsche Flughafen in Flughafen Leipzig-Halle je Splošno sodišče menilo, da od sodbe v zadevi Aéroports de Paris (12. december 2000) uporabe pravil o državni pomoči za financiranje letališke infrastrukture ni več mogoče izključiti.
Romania submits that most of the Romanian regional airports have an annual traffic of less than 50000 passengers and none of these airports will exceed 300000 passengers by 2015.
Področje javne politike
On this basis, Romania considers that public support to those airports is unlikely to affect competition and distort trade between Member States.
Za upravljavce letališč je treba šteti, da pomenijo podjetja v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe vsaj od 12. decembra 2000 dalje, vendar je treba spomniti, da vse dejavnosti upravljavca letališča niso nujno gospodarske narave (glej tudi točko 34 smernic za letalski sektor iz leta 2014) [19].
Nor would the distance between those airports affect their development in any way, according to Romania.
Sodišče meni, da dejavnosti, ki običajno spadajo v pristojnost države pri izvrševanju njenih uradnih pooblastil kot javnega organa, niso gospodarske narave in ne spadajo na področje uporabe pravil o državni pomoči.
This is because even in those cases where the linear distance between the airports is less than 100 km, the travelling time is generally over 2 hours such that the airports in question exert no competitive pressure on each other.
Zato financiranje dejavnosti, ki spadajo na področje javne politike, ali infrastrukture, neposredno povezane z navedenimi dejavnostmi, na splošno ne pomeni državne pomoči [20].
ASSESSMENT OF THE AID
Dejavnosti na letališču, kot so kontrola zračnega prometa, dejavnosti policije, carine in gasilcev, dejavnosti, ki so potrebne za varovanje civilnega letalstva pred dejanji nezakonitega vmešavanja, in naložbe, povezane z infrastrukturo in opremo, potrebno za izvajanje teh dejavnosti, se na splošno štejejo za negospodarske dejavnosti (glej tudi točko 35 smernic za letalski sektor iz leta 2014) [21].
As explained in recital 10 above, following the withdrawal by Romania of its notification of the planned financing scheme of infrastructure investments, the formal investigation procedure remained open as concerns the public funding granted to Romanian regional airports in the period 2007-2009.
Vendar javno financiranje negospodarskih dejavnosti ne sme povzročiti neupravičenega razlikovanja med letalskimi prevozniki in upravljavci letališč.
The assessment set out below therefore concerns that measure.
V skladu z ustaljeno sodno prakso dejansko pomeni prednost, kadar javni organi prevzamejo breme stroškov, ki jih imajo podjetja pri izvajanju gospodarskih dejavnosti [22].