natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Commission considered that, in the RIP and the preceding years, the demand in all three segments was driven by the support schemes as set out in section 6.3.2 below.
V razmerah, ko subvencije niso več pomembne, na odločitev stranke glede namestitve solarnega sistema vpliva končna cena modulov, to ceno pa trenutno zvišujejo ukrepi.
The Commission also considered that, at the end of the RIP and in the year 2016, important changes took place and the demand for the three segments became increasingly driven by separate forces.
Komisija je glede maloprodajne paritete omrežja podrobneje raziskala trg v Nemčiji, ker so strani med preiskavo predložile veliko pripomb v zvezi s tem.
The demand for large utility scale solar parks is increasingly driven by tenders as set out in sections 6.3.3, and possibly to a very small degree by grid parity.
Ločiti je treba med napravami za lastno porabo in napravami, ki dovajajo električno energijo v omrežje.
The demand for commercial and residential installations is increasingly driven by the achievement of retail grid parity, both with and absent taxes as set out in section 6.3.4.
Komisija se je strinjala s stališčem, da je doseganje paritete omrežja za solarno energijo zelo zaželen razvoj, saj prispeva k boju proti podnebnim spremembam in potrošnikom znižuje stroške za električno energijo.
The impact of modifications and, in certain Member States, suspension or termination of support schemes
Ugotovila je, da bi se z odpravo ukrepov znižala cena solarnih panelov, s čimer bi se povečalo število lokacij, ki lahko dosežejo maloprodajno pariteto omrežja.
The opponents of the measures claimed that the MIP had prevented solar products to follow the cost learning curve, while the level of State aid had adjusted to that learning curve.
Hkrati je ugotovila, da je naložbe v komercialne in stanovanjske strešne naprave za lastno porabo, ki niso vključene v nobeno shemo podpore, v OPP zadrževala zakonodajna negotovost glede tega, ali se bo za te naprave obračunavala dajatev za financiranje nemške sheme podpore – dodatna dajatev EEG.
This mismatch between falling State aid and stagnating prices caused in their view the demand for solar panels in the Union to fall.
Po zakonodajni spremembi, ki jo je predlagala Nemčija za uskladitev z zakonodajo EU o državni pomoči, morajo subjekti, ki sami porabijo energijo iz svojih obnovljivih virov energije (včasih imenovani proizvajalci-odjemalci), v Nemčiji plačati dajatev v višini več kot 2 centa/kWh.
In their view, the Commission's expectation expressed in the original regulation that the support schemes will be adjusted over time in line with the development of prices for projects [90] did not materialise.
Če LCOE za projekt znašajo 10 centov/kWh, je torej proizvedena električna energija samo zaradi te dajatve za 20 % dražja [112].
Consequently, all upstream and downstream companies are severely suffering from the Union market contraction.
Komisija si prizadeva za zmanjšanje zakonodajne negotovosti v prihodnosti.
They submitted that this finding is acknowledged inter alia in a study by the German Ministry of Economy and Energy (‘BMWi’) [91].
Ko bo v zakonodaji Unije dosežena potrebna regulativna varnost, se lahko pričakuje, da bo znova začelo naraščati povpraševanje, ki ne temelji na shemah podpore.
These parties claimed that while the MIP has remained fairly stable since 2013, the solar industry has continued to achieve the learning curve of 21 % [92].
Verjetno bo to povpraševanje občutljivejše na raven cen solarnih panelov in zato tudi občutljivejše na ukrepe.
Such a learning curve means that with each doubling of cumulative solar installed capacity, the cost of production goes down by 21 %.
Na povpraševanje po napravah, ki dovajajo električno energijo v omrežje, vplivajo predvsem sheme podpore, ki se lahko za naprave do 1 MW še naprej uporabljajo brez izvajanja javnih razpisov.
The cumulative global solar capacity in 2013 was around 130 GW, while it is expected to reach 290 GW at the end of 2016.
Ob določeni stopnji podpore je povpraševanje nekoliko večje v primeru odprave ukrepov.
This means that it has doubled by now and the predicted cost of production went down by 21 %.
Hkrati je večina držav članic zaradi proračunskih razlogov znatno znižala podporo, tako da to povpraševanje upada ne glede na ukrepe.
They submitted that the MIP was 30 % above the world contract selling price at some point in 2016 as reported by PV Insights and other sources.
Po razkritju je združenje SPE trdilo, da je Komisija oblikovala napačne sklepe o vplivu regulativne negotovosti in dodatne dajatve EEG zgolj na podlagi nemškega primera.
This means, in their view, that the European consumer has been effectively excluded from taking the advantage of the worldwide decrease in the cost of production.
Komisija je ponovila, da podobni negativni pogoji obstajajo v številnih državah članicah.
In light of the above arguments, the Commission acknowledged that the solar industry has a steep learning curve and the cost of solar production has been going down.
Enako je ugotovilo tudi združenje SPE v svojem najnovejšem dokumentu Global Market Outlook 2016–2020 v zvezi s Španijo: „[…] španska vlada […] ovirala nastajajoči trg za lastno potrošnjo z davkom na sončno energijo in visokimi denarnimi kaznimi za neprijavljene proizvajalce-odjemalce“ [115] in „Usoda sončne energije v Španiji je podobna kot na številnih drugih trgih, kjer so prej veljale visoke zagotovljene odkupne cene: v Belgiji, Bolgariji, na Češkem in v Grčiji.
For this reason the undertaking/MIP has been equipped with an adjustment mechanism based on prices quoted by one of the market intelligence agencies, Bloomberg.
Trga sončne energije na Slovaškem in v Sloveniji sta se skoraj popolnoma ustavila“ [116]; in še „Tudi več razvitih trgov razpršene proizvodnje sončne električne energije s strešnimi sistemi se sooča s težavami pri preoblikovanju iz trga z zagotovljenimi odkupnimi cenami ali trga s sistemi merjenja neto porabe v sheme proizvodnje za lastno potrošnjo, in to kljub dejstvu, da je sončna energija v mnogih primerih cenejša od električne energije na drobno.
The prices in a competitive market are supposed to reflect the decreases in the cost of production.
Ovire, ki so bile v nekaterih evropskih državah uvedene za strešne solarne sisteme (davki na proizvedeno sončno energijo za lastno potrošnjo, oviranje prodaje presežne električne energije ali ponujanje zgolj veleprodajnih cen) in potekajoča razprava o nadaljnjih omejitvah, so številne potencialne kupce odvrnile od vlaganja v lasten solarni sistem [117].
Nonetheless, the price index that the Commission has been using changed only marginally.
Komisija je zato ta argument zavrnila.
This raises the question — which has not been analysed by the Commission in this investigation — whether the Bloomberg index still adequately reflects the evolution of world market price.
Ugotovitev glede učinka ukrepov na povpraševanje
As this an expiry review, that cannot change the level or the form of measures, there was also no need to examine that matter further.
Komisija je na podlagi poglobljene analize ugotovila, da je treba v zvezi z učinkom ukrepov na povpraševanje razlikovati med različnimi sektorji in različnimi vrstami povpraševanja.
If the interested parties consider that there is a better way to reflect the solar industry's learning curve and the resulting evolution of world market price in the level of the measures, an interim review can be opened at their request.
Povpraševanje na podlagi shem podpore.
The Commission's analysis of the study by the BMWi quoted above revealed the main reason for failing to achieve the target of 2500 MW of new installations in Germany in 2014 were the steadily declining rates of remuneration, coupled with stagnating prices for installations.
Kadar so sheme podpore tehnološko specifične, ukrepi ne vplivajo na povpraševanje.
That study also pointed out that the prices in the solar market did not necessarily reflect solar production costs, but resulted from significant global overcapacities.
Kadar so sheme podpore tehnološko nevtralne, ukrepi zmanjšujejo možnosti za uspeh sončne energije.
The Commission found that the wholesale solar prices stagnated not only in the Union, but worldwide.
Vendar Komisija tudi v zvezi s temi javnimi razpisi ugotavlja, da je sončna energija pridobila znaten tržni delež, kar kaže na to, da lahko celo brez ukrepov konkurira za projekte za omrežne elektrarne.
Actually global prices of solar modules denominated in the euro even increased in the second half of 2014, as reported by several market intelligence agencies such as PV Insights [93] and BNEF [94].
Veleprodajna pariteta omrežja se lahko v tej fazi in v bližnji prihodnosti morda doseže samo na najprimernejših lokacijah, tudi če se cene za solarne panele znižajo zaradi odprave ukrepov.
The Commission also found that support schemes were at a high level in certain Member States in the years preceding the measures as they were adjusted to the level of the Union prices and prices from other third countries, such as Japan, Taiwan or the United States of America.
Dodatno povpraševanje, ki se pričakuje, če ukrepi ne bodo veljali, je prav tako majhno, poleg tega pa je odvisno od stopnje veleprodajne cene v zadevni državi članici.
Some of the support systems were not designed to cope with a massive influx of modules form China at subsidised prices.
Maloprodajna pariteta omrežja.
Such an influx caused an installation boom in the years preceding the measures.
Maloprodajna pariteta omrežja je danes dosežena za komercialne naprave v državah članicah, ki imajo visoke maloprodajne cene, kot je Nemčija, čeprav tam ni obilo sonca.
The solar installations peaked in 2011 and at that time the solar deployment targets were significantly exceeded in certain Member States.
Pri tem so glavni dejavniki davki, pristojbine za omrežje in dajatve za sheme podpore.
The Commission's Renewable Energy Progress Report from June 2015 states that at technology level, photovoltaic (i.e. solar power) has already reached the initially planned 2020 deployment levels as early as in 2013 [95].
Pravila o novi zasnovi energetskega trga, ki jih je Komisija napovedala 1. decembra 2016 [118], in nova pravila o prehodu na čisto energijo, usmerjenem k odjemalcu, ki jih je Komisija predlagala 30. novembra 2016 [119], so pomemben korak k doseganju stabilnega in rasti prijaznega okolja.
In certain Member States, this caused an unexpected financial strain on the support systems.
Ko bosta predlog Komisije sprejela sozakonodajalca, se pričakuje, da bo začelo naraščati povpraševanje po komercialnih napravah za lastno porabo.
The policy reaction was a reduction in the level of support, or even a suspension and/or modification of the support scheme.
V tem primeru lahko ima odprava ukrepov pomembnejši učinek na komercialne sisteme, saj ni niti omejitev za povpraševanje v obliki omejene količine proizvodnje, ki se podpre s shemami podpore, niti konkurence drugih virov energije, kot to velja pri veleprodajni pariteti omrežja.
Those changes were also necessary for installations already installed where otherwise, the support would have led to an overcompensation of the investors [96].
Za stanovanjske naprave bo trajalo dlje, da se doseže maloprodajna pariteta omrežja, saj jih je treba opremiti z dragimi napravami za shranjevanje električne energije, da bi bile primerne za večino uporabnikov, ki jih potrebujejo za lastno porabo [120].
The evolution of the solar UK market in 2014 — 2016 serves yet as another piece of evidence that the level of the support schemes has been the main driver of the demand in the Union.
Po razkritju se več strani ni strinjalo z ugotovitvijo, da so imeli ukrepi le omejen učinek na povpraševanje po modulih.
As long as there were high feed-in tariffs available the market was booming, even if the trade defence measures were in place.
Trdile so, da so naložbe odvisne od pričakovane stopnje donosa, zato nižja cena solarnih modulov pomeni višjo donosnost naložb in večjo verjetnost realizacije.
Once the feed-in tariffs were discontinued at the beginning of 2016, the volume of new installations collapsed.
Komisija je opozorila, da se je vedno strinjala, da cena vpliva na povpraševanje.
This is also acknowledged in the SPE's Global Outlook: A European latecomer, the UK's recent solar boom was also primarily triggered by incentives for utility-scale systems, which ended in March 2016 [97].
Ti ukrepi vključujejo določanje splošnih ciljev glede namestitve solarnih naprav, uvedbo javnih razpisov za zmogljivosti in uvedbo davkov na lastno potrošnjo.
While most of the reports by market intelligence agencies usually point to decreasing support schemes and the regulatory uncertainty as the main reasons for the stagnation in the Union demand for solar power, they hardly ever point to the measures.
Komisija je prav tako priznala, da ima v nekaterih primerih, kot so tehnološko nevtralni javni razpisi, minimalna uvozna cena lahko večji vpliv na povpraševanje po solarnih sistemih.
The Global Market Outlooks by Solar Power Europe also points to reduced incentives and uncertainties about market development as well as cuts in support schemes for existing installations in order to avoid overcompensation as the main cause of a decrease in European solar markets, for example regarding the German situation the SPE's Global Outlook 2015 states: ‘Second in 2014, Germany installed less than 2 GW (1,9 GW), below the official target of 2,5 GW.
Obenem je Komisija opazila, da bi imela v odsotnosti minimalne uvozne cene sončna energija nepošteno konkurenčno prednost pred drugimi obnovljivimi viri energije.
The global PV leader [i.e. Germany] was under pressure to lower the costs of the support system, with new regulations leading to a 75 % reduction of the market over two years (from 7,6 GW to 1,9 GW)’ [98].
Komisija je prav tako ugotovila, da je bila sončna energija razmeroma uspešna na tehnološko nevtralnih javnih razpisih tudi ob minimalni uvozni ceni, ki zgolj vzpostavlja enake konkurenčne pogoje.
The Commission observed that there had been a boom in solar installation demand in the years 2010 to 2013 driven, in certain Member States, by a mismatch between feed-in tariffs set at the level of a fair module price and the overall level of prices driven by unfairly subsidised Chinese modules.
Nazadnje, Komisija je našla dodatne dokaze, da bodo v bližnji prihodnosti vlade morda sprejele nadaljnje ukrepe za nadzor uporabe sončne energije, na primer uvedbo tarif za uporabo omrežja s strani solarnih naprav, ki bodo bolje odražale stroške.
The decline in demand in 2013 and the following years was an inevitable consequence of an installation boom in the preceding years.
BNEF je predpostavil naslednje: Mnogi evropski regulatorji se bodo po letu 2018 odzvali na upadanje stroškov proizvodnje sončne energije, in sicer tako, da bodo od uporabnikov s sončnimi paneli za povezavo z omrežjem zahtevali plačilo fiksnih stroškov, tako da bodo s kupovanjem sončne energije lahko prihranili samo variabilni del cene elektrike.
The significant decline in solar module consumption/installation had already started in 2012, which coincided with a significant cut in feed-in tariffs in that year in certain Member States.
To temelji na oceni strukture stroškov omrežja posamezne države.
Therefore, the Commission found that the support schemes were the main driver of demand in the RIP and in the preceding years.
Če se to ne zgodi, bi namestitev lahko bilo več, vendar so višji stroški omrežja neutemeljeni [121].
It can thus be concluded that the unrelated importers, downstream and upstream industry suffered to a significant extent from the collapse of the Union consumption that is unrelated to the imposition of the measures.
Zato so bile te trditve zavrnjene in Komisija je še vedno menila, da imajo ukrepi le zelo omejen učinek na povpraševanje po solarnih sistemih v Evropi.
The impact of the measures on large utility-scale solar systems
Druge trditve
Under the new Union state aid rules [99], support schemes need to be ‘market-based’ for all larger installations above 1 MW [100] by the beginning of 2017, except where the support schemes had been authorized prior to the entry into force of the new rules.
Večina strani, ki so nasprotovale ukrepom, je navedla, da imajo ukrepi negativen učinek na doseganje ciljev na področju podnebnih sprememb.
In that case, they may remain unchanged until the end of the authorisation period [101].
To trditev je podprlo tudi pet okoljskih nevladnih organizacij.
Under such a mechanism governments put a desired amount of capacity to be installed up for an auction.
Oktobra 2016 je Evropska unija ratificirala Pariški sporazum o podnebnih spremembah, ki je prvi pravno zavezujoč svetovni podnebni dogovor, potem ko je Evropski parlament z veliko večino glasoval zanj.
In line with the Union state aid rules, competitive tenders are in principle technology-neutral, but may also be technology-specific, for instance where this is necessary in order to ensure the necessary diversity of energy sources.
Preoblikovanje v oskrbo z energijo z nizkimi emisijami ogljika je glavni element teh prizadevanj, proizvodnja sončne energije pa je še vedno eden od najobetavnejših virov energije za doseganje podnebnih ciljev.
The solar parks developers bid for the lowest price they agree to be paid for the energy they are going to inject into the grid over the lifetime of a solar park.
Strani, ki so nasprotovale ukrepom, so navedle, da je zaradi ukrepov težje doseči podnebne cilje, ker upočasnjujejo uporabo sončne energije.
The opponents of the measures claim that under the new price sensitive system of competitive tenders, the MIP will have an increasingly negative impact on solar deployment as it increases the price of modules — the main component of the solar system.
Trdile so, da bo ponovna vzpostavitev svetovnih tržnih cen za sončno energijo Uniji omogočila hitrejše razogljičenje proizvodnje energije.
According to these parties the tenders for capacity coupled with the termination of measures can yield significant savings.
Opozorile so tudi na neskladnost med podnebno in trgovinsko politiko Unije.
The cheaper the solar systems become, the more appetite the governments may have to build solar installations as the cost savings are going to be directly reflected in the final price of electricity.
Medtem ko podnebna politika spodbuja in subvencionira obnovljive vire energije, trgovinska politika povečuje njihovo ceno in vpliva na razpoložljivost.
In addition, decreasing the price of the solar system will make it easier for Member States to achieve the targets for renewable energy deployment.
Komisija se je strinjala, da je ratifikacija Pariškega sporazuma o podnebnih spremembah zelo pomemben mejnik pri spodbujanju svetovnega sodelovanja na področju zmanjševanja podnebnih sprememb.
These parties referred to Germany as an example.
Sončna energija je eden od ključnih virov energije za doseganje podnebnih ciljev.
According to them, a couple of pilot auctions have already taken place and they were quite successful in pushing an average price down to EUR 7,25 cents/kWh in August 2016.
Komisija je hkrati ugotovila, da bodo ukrepi v naslednjih dveh do treh letih le omejeno vplivali na povpraševanje po solarnih napravah v Uniji (glej oddelek 6.3 zgoraj).
SPE and SAFE provided an analysis indicating that the removal of the MIP could result in a potential system price decrease by 10 % for utility-scale PV installations in the Union through tenders.
To se bo spremenilo šele, ko maloprodajna pariteta omrežja postane znaten vir povpraševanja.
The negative impact of the measures on the outcome of the tenders is also acknowledged in the latest SPE's Global Market Outlook [102].
Odprava ukrepov v tej fazi zato ne bo veliko prispevala k doseganju okoljskih ciljev.
As no trade measures apply to wind energy, solar was unable to compete against wind and very few solar projects went ahead through those auctions.
Modulov, proizvedenih v Uniji, ni treba prevažati na dolge razdalje.
Some parties claimed that Germany also considers introducing technology neutral tenders, and that such neutral tenders exacerbate the disadvantage of higher prices caused by the measures as it makes solar power lose in tenders against other renewable technologies in particular wind.
Zaradi proizvodnih standardov in okoljskih zahtev Unije na eni strani ter višjih stroškov energije na drugi strani solarna industrija EU sistematično zmanjšuje svojo porabo energije v primerjavi s kitajskimi proizvajalci.
The parties supporting the measures submitted that the tenders and overall installation targets were introduced exactly for the purpose to enable the governments to control the level of solar deployment and to avoid installation boom and bust cycles that happened before.
To je zlasti pomembno glede na dejstvo, da je proizvodnja solarnih modulov in njihovih surovin energetsko intenzivna.
The Commission limited its analysis of support schemes for large utility-scale solar systems to Germany, France and the United Kingdom.
Združenje EU Pro Sun je opozorilo tudi na določeno protislovje med dejstvom, da so nekatere nevladne organizacije podpisale pismo s pozivom k ukinitvi ukrepov, pri čemer so se sklicevale na interes Unije, tj. tudi če so ugotovljene nepoštene trgovinske prakse, in nedavno izjavo enega od njihovih voditeljev, ki je pozval, da je treba storiti več za zagotovitev poštene in okolju prijazne trgovine.
That choice is justified by the fact that they accounted for roughly 80 % of annual new solar installations in the Union during the RIP.
Komisija je sklenila, da imajo ukrepi samo omejen učinek na doseganje kratkoročnih podnebnih ciljev Unije.
It was thus appropriate to look at the developments in these three Member States as a proxy for the situation in the Union as a whole.
Po razkritju se več strani ni strinjalo s trditvijo, da imajo uvoženi solarni proizvodi večji ogljični odtis kot tisti, ki so proizvedeni v Uniji.
The analysis is based on information submitted by interested parties, information collected by the Commission during the investigation and information submitted by Member States to the Commission for the purpose of State aid control.
Te strani so trdile, da proizvodnja polikristalnega silicija in rezin predstavlja največji delež povpraševanja po primarni energiji, zato je najpomembnejši izvor polikristalnega silicija in rezin.
Germany and France have already set their targets for the three years to come.
Te strani so tudi opozorile, da ima proizvodnja električne energije v različnih državah članicah različen ogljični odtis.
France plans 2 annual tender rounds of 500 MW each for solar energy in 2017-2019.
Proizvodnja modulov in njihovih surovin je energetsko intenzivna, zato je pomembno, v kateri državi članici so bili moduli in njihovi sestavni deli proizvedeni.
That makes for a total annual new installation of 1000 MW.
Komisija teh trditev ni mogla podrobno preučiti v kratkem času po razkritju.
Germany plans to have tenders for an annual volume for solar energy of 600 MW from 2017 at least until 2020.
Pojasnila je, da je le predstavila predložitev EU ProSun in sama nikoli ni trdila, da so uvoženi solarni proizvodi obremenjeni z večjim ogljičnim odtisom.
The United Kingdom, on the contrary, does not run technology-specific tenders for solar energy.
Nasprotno, ne glede na ogljični odtis modulov Unije in kitajskih modulov je Komisija ponovno poudarila glavno ugotovitev, da imajo ukrepi zaenkrat le zelo omejen učinek na povpraševanje po solarnih proizvodih.
In February 2015 a multi-technology tender took place in which solar modules were in competition with other technologies for the award of contracts for difference (‘CfD’).
Zato je Komisija ugotovila, da ukrepi niso pomembno vplivali na doseganje okoljskih ciljev Unije.
No new tenders are planned in the United Kingdom for the time being, as the government takes the view that utility-scale on-shore wind and solar energy can compete with other sources of electricity without support schemes.
Nekatere od strani, ki so zahtevale ukinitev ukrepov, so trdile, da so bile v Uniji nezadostne proizvodne zmogljivosti za kritje povpraševanja po modulih v Uniji in da ukrepi niso znatno povečali proizvodnih zmogljivosti proizvajalcev celic in modulov v Uniji.