natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
on the one hand, the significant price differential is likely to cause (further) a shift towards these subsidised imports, because users will be more likely to buy increasing quantities of goods that are sold at low prices; and
Delež v celotnem obsegu uvoza Unije
on the other hand, the existence of such low prices in the market is likely to be used by buyers as a negotiating tool to depress the prices offered by the Union producers and other sources, thereby causing further a depressive effect in terms of both diminishing volumes and lower prices.
Obseg uvoza iz Irana
While these effects can be questioned in situations where the price differentials are not substantial, in the case at hand, and considering the price undercutting found, the resulting damage to the Union industry is expected to be serious.
Uvozne cene na enoto iz Irana
The rise in the Chinese import prices during the period July-February 2017 must be put in the following context:
RUSIJA
The Chinese import prices were not the only ones to increase after 30 June 2016.
Obseg uvoza iz Rusije
Import prices of other main exporting countries to the Union also increased after 30 June 2016;
Uvozne cene na enoto iz Rusije
The level reached in the period July-September 2016 was still below the average costs of production of the EU industry (around 431 EUR/tonne at the end of the investigation period).
SRBIJA
Hence, despite the increase in price levels, the enormous price depression up to September 2016 remains.
Obseg uvoza iz Srbije
In this context, it is important to highlight that the cost of production- data of the Union industry at the end of the IP were the most recent available data in this proceeding since post-IP data on the costs of production of the Union industry are not collected.
Uvozne cene na enoto iz Srbije
On the other hand, the price level reached in the period October-February 2017 is far above the average cost of production of the EU industry.
Obseg uvoza iz Ukrajine
Nevertheless, the price levels during this period relate to an insignificant volume of imports (1460 tonnes during the period October-December 2016 and 5024 tonnes during the first two months of 2017, see table 15 above).
Uvozne cene na enoto iz Ukrajine
It could be that these imports relate to a limited number of high-end products.
Kot je navedeno v preglednici v uvodni izjavi (419), se je uvoz iz LRK v obravnavanem obdobju povečal za 516 %.
The Commission also observed that the export prices of other third countries, apart from Japan, for the period October-December 2016 are much lower (ranging between 375 and 439 EUR/tonne).
Čeprav sta imela v obravnavanem obdobju še višje stopnje rasti Brazilija (+ 736 %) in Iran (+ 952 %), je bila njuna raven uvoza v absolutnih vrednostih (580525 ton iz Brazilije oziroma 1015088 ton iz Irana) v obdobju preiskave veliko nižja od uvoza iz LRK (1519304 ton iz LRK).
Accordingly, the price levels of an insignificant volume of Chinese exports during October 2016-February 2017 cannot be regarded as sufficiently representative; and
Tudi primerjava absolutnih izvoznih podatkov pokaže, da je bila zadevna država v obdobju preiskave takoj za Rusijo drugi največji izvoznik na trg Unije.
The global price increases of the product concerned can to some extent be explained by the increase in the raw material prices.
Ruski uvoz [94] je morda prispeval h grožnji škode, vendar ni prekinil vzročne zveze iz naslednjih razlogov.
In particular, prices of coking coal nearly doubled (to about 200 USD/tonne) in the last quarter of 2016, compared to prices in the first half of 2016.
Prvič, stopnja rasti LRK v obravnavanem obdobju (+ 516 %) je veliko višja od stopnje rasti Rusije (+ 28 %).
In addition, prices of coking coal during the first quarter of 2017 remained volatile and amounted to about 150 USD/tonne at the end of March 2017, which is still above the price levels during the first half of 2016.
Drugič, LRK se je približala Rusiji, katere izvoz je bil v prvi polovici leta 2016 le nekoliko večji in je znašal 773686 ton (vir: Eurostat), obseg izvoza LRK pa 773275 ton (vir: Eurostat).
Even with the rising prices of Chinese subsidised import prices from July 2016 onwards, the post-IP data on prices as a whole do not invalidate the finding that the Chinese price decreases had led to a threat of injury.
Tretjič, presežne zmogljivosti Rusije niso tako velike kot presežne zmogljivosti v LRK, kot je prikazano v naslednji preglednici:
This threat of injury was not removed by the recent rising Chinese import prices from July 2016 onwards.
Preglednica 21
Even this increased price level does not stop the enormous price depression which puts the EU industry into an unsustainable position when comparing the increased Chinese prices with the cost of production of the Union producers at the end of the investigation period.
Vir podatkov o zmogljivosti: OECD, DSTI/SU/SC(2015)8/Final, direktorat za znanost, tehnologijo in inovacije, Razvoj zmogljivosti v svetovni jeklarski industriji (Capacity developments in the world steel industry), preglednica 1, str. 10, http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=DSTI/SU/SC(2015)8/FINAL&docLanguage=En.
Finally, the Commission concluded that the trend of increasing import prices might stop once the volatility of the recent raw material price increases has faded out.
Vir podatkov o proizvodnji: Svetovno jeklarsko združenje, Steel Statistical Yearbook 2015 (jeklarski statistični zbornik za leto 2015), preglednica 1 na straneh 1 in 2 ter preglednica 13 na strani 35, http://www.worldsteel.org/statistics/statistics-archive/yearbook-archive.html.
The Chinese exporting producers had an aggressive price setting in the Union market, in particular in the second half of 2015 and the first half of 2016.
Ocena zmogljivosti proizvodnje surovega jekla za leto 2014
The Commission is aware that Chinese prices have been steadily increasing after the first half of 2016.
Proizvodnja surovega jekla leta 2013
Nevertheless, if no measures were taken, and taking into account the massive existing Chinese excess capacity in steel, including the product concerned, Chinese exporting producers could again take on an aggressive price strategy, by lowering their subsidised sales prices to minimal levels.
Dejanska proizvodnja vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov leta 2013
Following disclosure, the GOC referred first to the fact that import prices from other third countries developed in a similar manner and that the decrease in Chinese prices simply reflected the overall price trend on the Union market and was not an indicator of an aggressive price strategy by the Chinese exporting producers.
Tudi če se zgornji podatki o zmogljivosti nanašajo izključno na surovo jeklo in tudi ob zelo malo verjetni domnevi, da bi se lahko vse surovo jeklo v Rusiji uporabilo za proizvodnjo podobnega izdelka, bi bila presežna zmogljivost Rusije precej manjša od presežne zmogljivosti na Kitajskem.
Second, it alleged that the Chinese prices developed in line with the cost of production of the Union industry.
Komisija je nato ocenila tudi cene in tržne deleže uvoza iz tretjih držav.
Fourth, the GOC disagreed with the Commission that it was the Chinese prices that exerted pressure on the Union industry.
Vendar je bila raven uvoza iz Irana v obdobju preiskave veliko nižja od ravni uvoza iz LRK.
In this context, it referred to the fact that the prices of the other countries were consistently below the prices of the Union industry throughout the period considered, whereas the Chinese prices did not fall below the prices of the Union industry until 2014.
Nazadnje je Komisija primerjala dejansko proizvodnjo tretjih držav s proizvodnjo zadevne države in ugotovila, da je Kitajska presegla vse druge države tako po proizvodnji podobnega izdelka kot tudi po zmogljivosti proizvodnje surovega jekla.
Finally, it claimed that import prices of Chinese HRF increased since July 2017 and that the Commission consistently resorted to hypothetical claims or made broad statements, failing to add any information that would substantiate those statements.
Preglednica 22
The Commission rejected all these arguments as laid out in detail in the following recitals.
Ocena zmogljivosti proizvodnje surovega jekla za leto 2014 [95]
First, the Commission acknowledged in recital (571) below that imports of the like product from some other countries such as Iran, Russia and Ukraine, were made at prices even lower than that of imports from the country concerned.
Proizvodnja surovega jekla leta 2014 [96]
However, the GOC did not consider in its argumentation that, as stated in recital (571) below, the level of imports from Iran was much lower than the level of imports from the PRC in the investigation period.
Teoretična presežna zmogljivost leta 2014
Moreover, imports from Russia and Ukraine indeed increased in volumes during the period considered, but at a much slower pace than the imports from the PRC.
Navedeni podatki o proizvodnji podobnega izdelka kažejo, da zadevna država močno presega vse druge velike države izvoznice.
Also, contrary to what happened to imports from the PRC, imports from Russia and Ukraine lost a significant share in the total Union import volumes during the period considered.
Iz navedenih podatkov o zmogljivostih za surovo jeklo je še razvidno, da ima tako velike presežne zmogljivosti samo LRK.
Second, concerning the allegation that the Chinese prices developed in line with the cost of production of the Union industry, the Commission referred to the findings made in recital (451) above: even if it were acknowledged that there would be a similar trend between the Chinese import prices and the cost of production of the Union industry, the fact remains that the cost of production of the Union industry remained generally higher than the decreasing sales prices.
Zato je Komisija ugotovila, da je izvoz iz LRK pomenil grožnjo neizogibne škode za industrijo Unije.
Therefore, in order to limit the loss in market share, the Union producers followed the downward price spiral and reduced their sales price significantly, in particular during the year 2015.
Vendar je verjetno tudi, da je h grožnji znatne škode prispeval tudi uvoz iz Brazilije, Irana, Rusije, Srbije in Ukrajine.
As the product concerned is a commodity, Union producers had to follow the decreasing price spiral during the period considered.
Kljub temu osnovna proizvodnja, gibanje uvoza in natančen obseg uvoza v absolutnih številkah niso na taki ravni, da bi lahko prekinili vzročno zvezo med naraščajočim in čedalje bolj subvencioniranim uvozom iz LRK ter grožnjo škode industriji Unije.
Third, concerning the allegation that the Union producers were unable to control their own expenses, the Commission noted the contradiction in the argumentation of the GOC.
Po razkritju je kitajska vlada trdila, da je Komisija ovrgla to trditev na podlagi ugotovitve znatne škode v vzporedni preiskavi v zvezi z uvozom enakega zadevnega izdelka iz petih držav [97].
Whereas the GOC alleged in paragraph 267 of its submission on the one hand that the Union industry was unable to control its expenses, it stated on the other hand in paragraph 239 of its submission that there was an increase in productivity of 7 % during the period considered.
Trdila je, da sta „znatna škoda“ in „grožnja znatne škode“ dva različna pravna pojma in da kot taka ne moreta soobstajati, kar pomeni, da ugotovitev obstoja enega izključuje ugotovitev obstoja drugega.
Moreover, the Commission referred also to the productivity gains indicated in recital (450) above.
Komisija zavrača te trditve iz naslednjega razloga.
Fourth, the Commission referred once again to the argumentation made in recital (571) above where it clearly acknowledged that imports of the like product from some other countries such as Iran, Russia and Ukraine, were made at prices even lower than that of imports from the country concerned.
Čeprav je priznala, da se sedanja preiskava nanaša na popolnoma isti zadevni izdelek in podobni izdelek kot preiskava v primeru „petih držav“, je najprej ugotovila, da sedanja preiskava in preiskava petih držav ne zajema istih obdobij, pomembnih za oceno gibanj v zvezi s škodo in vzročno zvezo.
Finally, the Commission rejected the claim that it consistently resorted to hypothetical claims or made broad statements, failing to add any information that would substantiate those statements.
Prvič, za primer petih držav je Komisija prejela dovolj dokazov za začetek postopka, in sicer na podlagi domnev o dejanski škodi, zlasti zaradi zelo nizkih cen med obdobjem preiskave.
The Commission has based its determination on facts, and not on allegations, conjectures or remote possibilities.
Nasprotno pa sedanji primer obravnava grožnjo škode in zajema preiskovalno obdobje, ki se deloma začne prej kot navedeno drugo preiskovalno obdobje, pri čemer se ne ugotavlja samo razvoja cen in obsega uvoza kitajskih izdelkov, pač pa tudi pričakovano ravnanje kitajskih proizvajalcev izvoznikov, zlasti glede na obstoječe neizkoriščene zmogljivosti.
In any case, the Commission has not analysed the trend of Chinese prices as an isolated factor, but has taken a comprehensive approach.
Glede primera petih držav, če bodo v končnih določitvah potrjeni zadostni dokazi v pritožbi, je možno, da je uvoz iz teh petih držav povzročil dejansko škodo industriji Unije v obdobju preiskave navedenega primera.
Level of inventories
Ne glede na to dejansko škodo predstavlja kitajski uvoz dodatno grožnjo škode za industrijo Unije.
The Commission considered that this factor is not of any particular significance for the analysis because normally stocks are kept by traders (stockists) and not so much by producers.
Torej, zaradi razlik med obdobjema preiskave in ugotovitev iz uvodnih izjav od (571)do(574) kakršne koli prihodnje dokončne določitve za primer petih držav ne morejo pretrgati vzročne zveze v obravnavani zadevi.
Furthermore, Union producers are mainly producing on order, enabling them to keep their inventory levels as low as possible.
Uspešnost izvoza industrije Unije
Nevertheless, it analysed this factor which is expressly mentioned in Article 8(8), second subparagraph, lit (e), of the basic Regulation (see recital (467) above).
Obseg izvoza vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije se je v obravnavanem obdobju spreminjal, kot sledi.
After disclosure, the GOC claimed that the Commission itself undermined the relevance of its analysis on the level of inventories since it mentioned repeatedly that the level of inventories is not of any particular significance.
Preglednica 23
The Commission reiterated that the level of inventories is not of any particular significance for the analysis for the reasons as set out in recital (531) above.
Obseg izvoza vzorčenih proizvajalcev Unije nepovezanim strankam
Nevertheless, the Commission analysed the level of inventories not as an isolated factor, but has taken a comprehensive approach.
Obseg izvoza nepovezanim strankam
This might be explained in the framework of the price decreases in 2015 and in 2016, as follows: if a producer or trader expects that prices would rise, it should be building up stocks rapidly expecting to make proportionally more profits when prices rise.
Obseg izvoza nepovezanim strankam se je v obdobju preiskave povečal za 3 %.
The Commission was unable to find comprehensive post-investigation period data on stocks despite requests and own research.
Cene so se v obravnavanem obdobju bistveno znižale, in sicer za 24 %.
It found it nevertheless likely that inventory levels of the product concerned remain rather low in the Union during early 2016: For instance, in Germany, ‘according to the German Association of Steel Distribution (BDS), at the end of last year flat steel inventories dropped to the lowest level since December 2003.
Izvoz je v obdobju preiskave zajemal največ 4 % celotne proizvodnje Unije in 22 % celotne prodaje nepovezanim strankam.
The latest data showed some improvement, but with flat steel stocks at 1,4 million tonnes in February, they remained 7 % lower year-on-year.’ [87].
Znižanje izvoznih cen v odstotkih je sledilo gibanju prodajnih cen proizvajalcev Unije na trgu Unije.
Moreover, a recent article seems to indicate that inventory levels at the beginning of 2017 have been rising, as this article provides that ‘buyers equally insistent that their stocks are high enough to avoid major purchasing’ [88].
Zato je Komisija sklenila, da je k slabemu položaju industrije prispevala uspešnost izvoza proizvajalcev Unije.
In the PRC, steel inventories in the warehouses of 40 major Chinese cities reportedly decreased to 8,86 tonnes late June 2016 from 9,47 tonnes late May 2016, which compares to 12,86 tonnes late June 2015.
Vendar ta dejavnik zaradi njihovega razmeroma majhnega deleža v skupnih prihodkih industrije Unije od prodaje ni prekinil vzročne zveze med subvencioniranim uvozom in grožnjo znatne škode za industrijo Unije.
Moreover, steel inventories in the warehouses of 40 major Chinese cities reportedly decreased to 8,89 million tonnes late October 2016 from 9,41 million tonnes late September 2016.
Po razkritju je kitajska vlada navedla, da so bili sorazmerno višji stroški energije v industriji Unije dodaten in bolj verjeten vzrok za kakršno koli domnevno grožnjo znatne škode, kot je uvoz vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov iz Kitajske, ter je trdila, da so stroški energije med glavnimi gonilnimi silami konkurenčnosti proizvajalcev jekla Unije, Poleg tega je kitajska vlada trdila, da so se stroški energije sicer znižali, ampak da se je nižanje upočasnilo leta 2015, cene pa so se spet povišale leta 2016.
Furthermore, the steel inventories of 80 major Chinese mills amounted to 13,46 million tonnes late September 2016 [90] compared to 16,07 million tonnes late September 2015.
Čeprav so stroški energije resnično pomemben sestavni del stroškov proizvodnje zadevnega izdelka, niso najpomembnejši sestavni del, ampak so to dejansko stroški surovine (glej v nadaljevanju oddelek 6.2.5).
Nevertheless, a recent 2017 article indicates that hot rolled coil inventory levels are again rising in China as ‘China seems to be stocking its excess steel production in the absence of comparable end user demand’.
Drugič, stroški energije so pomembna gonilna sila konkurenčnosti.
In this respect, another very recent article states that ‘[i]t certainly doesn't seem logical that prices can continue to rally when inventories are reaching uncomfortably high levels.
To je v skladu z izjavo kitajske vlade iz uvodne izjave (300) njenega prispevka, in sicer da so stroški energije ključen, vendar ne edin dejavnik donosnosti.
[92]’
V skladu z nedavno študijo konzorcija strokovnjakov za energijo so se evropske cene električne energije v obdobju 2010–2015 dejansko znižale za 12 %.
In conclusion, steel inventories were decreasing both during the end of the investigation period and in 2016, but rose again at the beginning of 2017.
Zato je Unija postala regija s četrto najnižjo ravnjo cene električne energije [99].
Although this factor is not decisive in the analysis, it might indicate a potential decrease in prices in the course of 2017 reinforcing the threat of injury.
Komisiji ni uspelo pridobiti informacij, ki bi kazale na to, da se je to stanje popravilo.
Other elements: Profitability and order intakes in the Union by the Union industry
Te trditve o stroških električne energije se ne ujemajo z dejstvom, da je bila industrija Unije leta 2013 še zmožna doseči dobiček v višini približno 0,4 %, tako kot v obdobju 2007–2011, ko je bil obstoj te domnevne primerjalne slabosti tudi najverjetnejši.
As set out in recital (457), the Union producers started slightly to recover during the year 2014 and the first two quarters of 2015 in terms of profitability.
Komisija je zato sklenila, da ta dejavnik ni prekinil vzročne zveze.
As set out in recital (460), during the second half of 2015, the Union profitability became loss making and losses reached the unsustainable level of – 10 % in the 4th quarter of the investigation period.
Nizke cene vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov na trgu Unije zaradi nizkih cen surovin in/ali nizkih cen vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov po svetu
Post IP data
Kitajska vlada je trdila tudi, da so se tržne cene vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov na trgu Unije znižale zaradi nizkih cen surovin pri proizvodnji jekla, zlasti železove rude [100].
For the post investigation period, profitability figures were collected for the complainants, which represent about 90 % of the total production of the Union industry, as mentioned under recital (403).
Po razkritju je kitajska vlada ponovno izrazila svoje stališče, da je padec cen surovin povzročil upad cen vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov in da je bil tako poleg vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov vzrok za domnevno grožnjo škode industriji Unije.
The investigation established a further deterioration of the profitability for the complainants up to June 2016.
Komisija je za obravnavano obdobje analizirala cene vroče valjanih ploščatih izdelkov in gibanje cen surovin za te izdelke.
Table 19
Med preiskavo je potrdila, da so se cene surovin med letoma 2012 in 2015 znižale.
Evolution of profitability and order intakes of the Complainants
Cena železove rude se je na primer znižala s približno 141 USD/tono na 52 USD/tono, kar je več kot 60-odstotno znižanje.
Source: Eurofer.
Vendar se je pri analizi stroškov proizvodnje največjega vzorčenega proizvajalca Unije izkazalo, da je učinek tega zniževanja cen surovin veliko manjši od navedenega gibanja cen.
Description
Poleg tega so se stroški proizvodnje v industriji Unije v obravnavanem obdobju skupaj znižali za 25 % (glej uvodno izjavo (448)), kar je bilo rezultat ne le nižjih stroškov surovin, temveč tudi povečanja učinkovitosti proizvajalcev Unije.
July 2015-June 2016
V pravičnih tržnih razmerah bi industrija Unije lahko ohranila svoje ravni prodajnih cen in tako izkoristila znižanje stroškov ter znova dosegla dobičkonosnost.
Profitability
Vendar so se morali proizvajalci Unije prilagoditi gibanju cen na trgu Unije in cene so se znižale.
3 to – 5 %
V obdobju preiskave so bili proizvajalci Unije celo prisiljeni prodajati po cenah, nižjih od stroškov, čeprav jim je že uspelo znatno znižati stroške proizvodnje.
5 % to – 7 %
Sklep o vzročni zvezi
7 to – 9 %
Ugotovljena je bila vzročna zveza med subvencioniranim uvozom iz Kitajske in grožnjo znatne škode za industrijo Unije.
Order intakes
Tako so nastale razmere, v katerih se ustvarja izguba in ki se bodo verjetno še poslabšale.
The above table shows that the order intakes had increased slightly compared to the year 2015, but that at the same time record losses had been incurred by the complainants.
Komisija je opredelila in ločila učinke vseh znanih dejavnikov na položaj industrije Unije od škodljivih učinkov subvencioniranega uvoza, ki so ob koncu obdobja preiskave povzročali grožnjo znatne škode za industrijo Unije kot celoto.
As such, recorded losses amounted to – 7,8 % for the sampled Union producers for the period 1 July 2015-30 June 2016, which is another indicator of the deterioration of the Union industry.
Za druge opredeljene dejavnike, kot so gospodarska kriza, uvoz iz tretjih držav in uspešnost izvoza proizvajalcev Unije, ni bilo ugotovljeno, da so prekinili vzročno zvezo med grožnjo znatne škode in subvencioniranim uvozom iz Kitajske.
That being said, a very recent article provides that ‘most of the major European steel companies are back in profit after a revival in steel prices in 2016.
Na podlagi zgoraj navedenega je Komisija sklenila, da je subvencionirani uvoz iz LRK v obdobju preiskave povzročal grožnjo znatne škode za industrijo Unije v smislu člena 8(5) in (6) osnovne uredbe.
[93]’ As a consequence, even if there would be a possible recovery for the Union producers during the most recent post-IP period, compared to 2015, such a recovery would not compensate for the dramatically increasing losses incurred during the same period.
Za druge znane dejavnike, razen subvencioniranega uvoza iz LRK, ki so hkrati vplivali na položaj industrije Unije, ni bilo ugotovljeno, da bi prekinili vzročno zvezo.
Furthermore, any data that dates as of the second half of 2016 is influenced by the impending imposition of measures and the parallel anti-dumping duties, for the reasons set out in recital (482) above.
INTERES UNIJE