natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In addition, more than 400 downstream companies from all the Member States were signatories to an open letter calling to terminate the measures.
Zato je mogoče skleniti, da podaljšanje ukrepov ni v njihovem interesu.
More than 30 pan-European and national associations representing solar companies sent letters opposing the measures.
Vendar je Komisija ugotovila tudi, da sta bila v večini stališč, ki so jih predložile družbe, ki so nasprotovale ukrepom, učinek ukrepov ter verjeten učinek njihove ukinitve na te gospodarske subjekte in nove obrate v Uniji znatno precenjena, kot je podrobno analizirano v oddelku 5.3 spodaj.
Among them was the European Association of Electrical Contractors (AIE), claiming to represent the interests of the Union installers at the European level.
V zvezi z domnevnim upravnim bremenom, ki izhaja iz zaveze, bi se lahko začel vmesni pregled glede oblike ukrepov, da bi se bolje zaščitili interesi nepovezanih uvoznikov in gospodarskih subjektov nižje v prodajni verigi.
The most active associations were SPE and SAFE.
Nekatere strani so trdile, da Komisija ni upoštevala interesa potrošnikov.
SAFE is an ad hoc association of 50 German companies whilst SPE claims to be the most representative association of the Solar Power industry in Europe with more than 100 European members, out of which more than 80 support its position on termination of the measures on both solar modules and cells.
Komisija je menila, da se njihov interes po nižjih cenah prekriva z interesi uporabnikov nižje v prodajni verigi, ki so ocenjeni v oddelku 5.2.3.
EU Pro Sun pointed out that several large solar national associations stayed neutral towards the measures, although some of them are a member of SPE.
Komisija zato ni izvedla ločene analize za potrošnike.
This is the case in particular for Bundesverband Solarwirtschaft (BSW), Germany (Europe's biggest solar association); British Photovoltaic Association (BPVA); Syndicat des Energies Renouvenables (SER), France; and ANIE Rinnovabili (renewable energy section of Confindustria), Italy.
Po razkritju je združenje SAFE predložilo podrobnejše stališče z analizo učinka ukrepov na nemške potrošnike električne energije.
In addition, EU Pro Sun also claims to have support from 150 European installers.
V študiji združenja SAFE je bilo ugotovljeno, da bi odprava ukrepov nemškim potrošnikom električne energije prihranila približno 570 milijonov EUR na leto, pod predpostavko, da bi bilo module mogoče kupiti po 0,40 do 0,45/W in da bi bil izpolnjen letni cilj 2500 MW.
However, no installer has openly come forward in support of the measures.
Poleg tega je družba Wacker trdila, da bi ukinitev ukrepov potrošnikom lahko prihranila 1 milijardo EUR letno.
A German Association of Energy Consumers (Bund der Energieverbraucher) sent a letter in favour of the measures at the level which reflects the cost savings stemming from technological development.
Komisija je ugotovila, da zgornja izračuna temeljita na preveč poenostavljenih predpostavkah.
Following disclosure EU ProSun contested the statement that no installer had openly come forward in support of the measures.
Prvič, za minimalno uvozno ceno je bil določen mehanizem prilagoditve.
EU Pro Sun pointed to a letter by 150 installers supporting the measures and a letter signed by two members of the Fachpartnerbeirat der Solar World AG, both sent in October 2016.
Zato v večini obravnavanega obdobja med minimalno uvozno ceno in povprečno svetovno nabavno ceno modulov ni bilo velike razlike.
The Commission noted that the 150 installers asked for anonymity, therefore the Commission continued to consider that they had not openly come forward in support of the measures.
Večja vrzel med tema cenama se je pojavila šele v letu 2016.
The Commission also noted that Fachpartnerbeirat der Solar World AG claimed to represent over 800 installers, but the names of these installers were not provided.
Drugič, cene, ki so jih strani uporabile pri svojih izračunih, se nanašajo na multisilikonske module nižjega kakovostnega razreda.
The Commission confirmed, however, that the two installers who signed an open latter on behalf of Fachpartnerbeirat der Solar World AG came openly in support of the measures.
Po drugi strani pa je velik del modulov, prodanih v Uniji, multsilikonskih in monosilikonskih modulov z visokim izkoristkom.
The parties opposing the measures on Union interest grounds claimed that downstream companies account for more than 80 % of the employment and value added in the European solar value chain.
Njihove cene so precej višje, zato je bila razlika med minimalno uvozno ceno, ki se brez razlikovanja uporablja za vse module, in dejansko nakupno ceno, še manjša.
They pointed to the much higher number of jobs that they create compared to the cell and modules manufacturers in the Union.
Zato je Komisija menila, da so imeli ukrepi le zelo omejen vpliv na finančno stanje potrošnikov in uporabo sončne energije.
SPE presented a report prepared by Ernst & Young indicating that the downstream sector employs more than 110000 people.
Več strani je tudi trdilo, da so minimalne uvozne cene zvišale cene modulov in so tako odgovorne za neuspeh pri doseganju letnih ciljev uporabe sončne energije v Nemčiji.
However, the report did not explain the methodology for the calculation of this high number of employees.
Komisije ta povezava posledice z enim samim vzrokom ni prepričala.
Another party indicated that the downstream sector employs around 65000 people, based on the assumption of roughly 7 FTE/MW/year.
Vrzel med minimalno uvozno ceno in povprečno prodajno ceno je bila manjša, kot so predvidevale strani, in ukrepi niso znatno vplivali na povpraševanje.
However, this party did not substantiate their assumptions, either.
Zato je Komisija tudi ugotovila, da minimalna uvozna cena ni pomembno vplivala na nedoseganje ciljev v zvezi z uporabo sončne energije.
Based on the analysis of some representative projects in ground mounted, commercial and residential sectors, the Commission found that the amount of jobs involved in the downstream sector does not exceed 50000 people.
Učinek ukrepov na povpraševanje po solarnih napravah
This figure is based on the assumption that total installation (total installation includes project and site development, distribution, logistics, actual installation and the overhead for all these activities) requires an average of 5,2 FTE/MW/year [56], while operation and maintenance requires roughly 0,08 FTE/MW/year.
Praktično vse strani, ki so se javile in nasprotovale ukrepom, so trdile, da ti povečujejo ceno novih solarnih naprav in zmanjšujejo povpraševanje po solarnih modulih, zaradi česar je ustvarjena sončna energija dražja za stranke.
Nonetheless, given that cell and module manufacturing provides roughly 8000 jobs, the claim that the downstream sector generates significantly higher employment than the production of cells and modules is correct.
Čeprav so nekatere priznale, da je upad solarnih naprav v Uniji tudi posledica sprememb in – v nekaterih državah – prekinitve ali ukinitve shem podpore, so menile, da ukrepi povzročajo umetno visoke cene in še bolj upočasnjujejo uporabo solarnih sistemov.
The Commission's investigation also found that most of the jobs involved in the downstream solar sector consist in the installation of modules on residential and commercial rooftops and mounting them on the ground.
Trdile so, da nedavne spremembe politike, kot je uvedba konkurenčnih razpisnih postopkov za nove solarne naprave, povečujejo škodo, ki so jo zaradi vzpostavljenih ukrepov povzročile visoke cene modulov.
These jobs usually do not require a significant capital investment specific to solar installation — many tools and machines such as cranes, diggers, drills etc. can be also used for other construction works.
Po njihovem mnenju bi ukinitev ukrepov omogočila znižanje stroškov za sončno energijo v Uniji, kar bi koristilo končnim potrošnikom, pospešilo povpraševanje po solarnih panelih in na splošno znižalo stroške zagotavljanja čiste energije.
Therefore, the survival or economic welfare of many installers is not dependent on the solar sector alone.
komercialni solarni sistemi (ali naprave), ki so običajno nameščeni na streho uporabnikove stavbe.
The same holds partially true for most of the EPCs that came forward in the investigation.
Uporabnik je poslovni subjekt (npr. supermarket ali skladišče), sistem pa je povezan na nizkonapetostno distribucijsko omrežje.
Most of them are also involved in the development of other renewable sources of energy or are large construction companies developing projects in general building sector.
Komercialne naprave se lahko uporabljajo za lastno porabo ali napajanje omrežja,
The impact of the measures on the revenue and employment of the downstream companies depend on the impact of the measures on demand, which is discussed in the Section 5.3 below.
stanovanjski solarni sistemi (ali naprave), ki so običajno nameščeni na strehe zasebnih hiš in katerih zmogljivost običajno ne presega 10 kW.
Following disclosure several parties contested the Commission's consideration that the E&Y report did not explain the methodology for its calculation of employment in the solar downstream sector.
Stanovanjske naprave so običajno povezane na nizkonapetostno distribucijsko omrežje in se lahko uporabljajo za lastno porabo ali napajanje omrežja.
Solar Power Europe provided some additional information on the methodology.
Komisija je menila, da so v OPP in predhodnih letih na povpraševanje v vseh treh segmentih vplivale sheme podpore, kot je navedeno v oddelku 5.3.2 spodaj.
Even after the additional information was provided, the Commission continued to consider that the methodology was still unclear, in particular neither the report nor the additional information indicated how many people were employed in installation of a representative solar project in each key segment.
Menila je tudi, da so se ob koncu OPP in v letu 2016 zgodile pomembne spremembe in da so na povpraševanje v vseh treh segmentih vse bolj vplivale ločene sile.
Following disclosure, several parties claimed that the Commission underestimated the amount of jobs involved in the downstream sector in the Union.
Na povpraševanje po velikih omrežnih solarnih parkih vse bolj vplivajo javni razpisi, kot je navedeno v oddelku 5.3.3, v zelo majhnem obsegu pa verjetno tudi pariteta omrežja.
These parties provided additional reports estimating the number of jobs at 120250 [57] in the Union in 2014 according to ‘Eurobserver’ and at 31600 in Germany according to GWS/DIW/DLR in 2015 [58].
Na povpraševanje po komercialnih in stanovanjskih napravah vse bolj vpliva doseganje maloprodajne paritete omrežja z davki in brez njih, kot je navedeno v oddelku 5.3.4.
The Commission observed that the report by the GWS/DIW/DLR covered the total employment in the whole solar value chain.
Učinek sprememb in – v nekaterih državah članicah – prekinitve ali ukinitve shem podpore
Consequently, the 31600 jobs indicated in that report includes also the upstream sector as well as cell and module manufacturing.
Nasprotniki ukrepov so trdili, da solarni izdelki zaradi minimalne uvozne cene niso mogli slediti stroškovni krivulji učenja, medtem ko se je stopnja državne pomoči prilagodila tej krivulji učenja.
The German upstream sector is believed to employ several thousand people — Wacker alone claimed to provide around 3000 jobs.
To neskladje med vse manjšo državno pomočjo in stagnirajočimi cenami je po njihovem mnenju povzročilo zmanjšanje povpraševanja po solarnih panelih v Uniji.
The solar manufacturing equipment and balance of plant equipment manufactures also claimed to employ a few thousand people.
Menili so, da se niso uresničila pričakovanja Komisije, izražena v prvotni uredbi, da se bodo sheme podpore sčasoma prilagajale v skladu z razvojem cen projektov [60].
These jobs are only partially affected by the sales in the Union as the upstream companies export most of their output outside of the Union.
Vse družbe višje in nižje v prodajni verigi zato trpijo resne posledice krčenja trga Unije.
In addition, around 10000 people are reported to be employed in the Operation and Maintenance activities (O&M).
Navedli so, da je ta ugotovitev med drugim priznana v študiji nemškega ministrstva za gospodarstvo in energijo („BMWi“) [61].
The report does not provide any definition of the O&M.
Te strani so trdile, da je minimalna uvozna cena od leta 2013 ostala razmeroma stabilna, medtem ko je krivulja učenja, ki ji je še naprej sledila solarna industrija, dosegla 21 % [62].
The Commission assumed that O&M referred to all the activities that are necessary to ensure a smooth operation of the existing solar facilities, such as cleaning the panels, reparations, running the dispatch centres, etc.
Taka krivulja učenja pomeni, da se stroški proizvodnje z vsako podvojitvijo skupne nameščene solarne zmogljivosti znižajo za 21 %.
These jobs are counted on the basis of the existing, cumulative solar capacity, which is close to 40 GW in Germany [59].
Skupna svetovna solarna zmogljivost je leta 2013 znašala približno 130 GW, konec leta 2016 pa naj bi dosegla 290 GW.
Consequently, the already existing 10000 O&M jobs can only be influenced by the measures that were going to be imposed to the extent that they prevent replacement of aging installations.
To pomeni, da se je do zdaj podvojila in da so se predvideni stroški proizvodnje znižali za 21 %.
However, on the basis of the average lifetime of 20 years and the relatively recent installation date of most installations, those jobs would only be affected if the measures where to remain in place for more than the period proposed in the present regulation.
Navedle so, da je bila minimalna uvozna cena po navedbah PVInsights in drugih virov leta 2016 v določenem trenutku za 30 % višja od svetovne pogodbene prodajne cene.
Therefore, the number of people employed in the downstream sector in Germany that might be affected by the measures is substantially less than 31600 people.
To po njihovem mnenju pomeni, da so bili evropski potrošniki dejansko izločeni iz ugodnosti svetovnega znižanja stroškov proizvodnje.
The Eurobserver report does not make any distinction between upstream, downstream and manufacturing jobs either.
Komisija je glede na navedene trditve priznala, da solarna industrija sledi strmi krivulji učenja in da so se stroški proizvodnje zniževali.
In addition, the employment figure in the solar sector in Germany quoted in that report is the same as the one reported in the GWS, DIW, DLR study for 2014.
Zato je bil za zavezo/minimalno uvozno ceno določen mehanizem prilagoditve, ki je temeljil na cenah, ki jih je ponudila ena od agencij za zagotavljanje tržnih informacij, tj. Bloomberg.
Therefore, the Commission considered that the number of people employed in the downstream sector in the Union that might be allegedly affected by the measures is much less than 120250 people
Cene na konkurenčnem trgu naj bi odražale zniževanje stroškov proizvodnje.
Following disclosure several parties disagreed with the Commission's finding that it is easier to switch jobs from the installation of modules to the general construction sector than from manufacturing of modules to other sectors.
Vendar se je indeks gibanja cen, ki ga je uporabljala Komisija, zelo malo spremenil.
However, none of the parties provided any precise data what proportion of the jobs in the installation of the panels is carried out by general construction companies (i.e. ground works and landscaping for ground mounted installations and reinforcing the structure of the roof for rooftop installations).
S tem se postavlja vprašanje, ki ga Komisija v tej preiskavi ni analizirala, in sicer, ali Bloombergov indeks še vedno ustrezno odraža gibanje cen na svetovnem trgu.
The Commission had already agreed that a significantly larger number of people were employed in the downstream sector than in the manufacturing of modules.
Ker je to pregled zaradi izteka ukrepov, s katerim se ne more spremeniti stopnja ali oblika ukrepov, ni bilo potrebe po nadaljnji proučitvi tega vprašanja.
It had also observed that many jobs in the downstream sector required specific skills that made them hard to switch to other sectors.
Če zainteresirane strani menijo, da obstaja boljši način za izražanje krivulje učenja solarne industrije in posledičnega gibanja cen na svetovnem trgu v stopnji ukrepov, se lahko na njihovo zahtevo izvede vmesni pregled.
The absolute number of employees and the questions whether it is hard to switch to other sectors or not, is becoming irrelevant in this respect.
Študija je pokazala tudi, da cene na trgu sončne energije niso nujno izražale stroškov proizvodnje, temveč so nanje vplivale znatne presežne zmogljivosti na svetovni ravni.
As discussed extensively in Section 5.3 the Commission found that the measures had only a limited impact on demand for solar module and therefore also a limited impact on the downstream employment.
Komisija je ugotovila, da veleprodajne cene na področju sončne energije niso stagnirale le v Uniji, temveč po vsem svetu.
Upstream Industry
Dejansko so se svetovne cene solarnih modulov, izražene v eurih, v drugi polovici leta 2014 celo povišale, kot je poročalo več agencij za zagotavljanje tržnih informacij, kot sta PV Insights [63] in BNEF [64].
Upstream operators produce raw materials, such as polysilicon and wafers; manufacturing equipment for cells and modules as well as balance of system components, such as inverters, storage, mounting etc.
Komisija je nadalje ugotovila, da so bile sheme podpore v nekaterih državah članicah v letih pred uvedbo ukrepov na visoki ravni, ker so bile prilagojene ravni cen Unije in cen iz drugih tretjih držav, kot so Japonska, Tajvan ali Združene države Amerike.
On the one hand, Solar World, which is also the largest Union wafer manufacturer, supports the measures.
Nekatere sheme podpore niso bile zasnovane tako, da bi bile kos množičnemu dotoku modulov s Kitajske po dampinških cenah.
In addition, one more Union wafer manufacturer came forward in favour of the measures.
Tak dotok je v letih pred uvedbo ukrepov povzročil povečanje povpraševanja za solarne naprave.
On the other hand, eight other Union upstream companies that came forward opposed the measures.
Te so dosegle vrh leta 2011, ko so bili v nekaterih državah članicah znatno preseženi cilji uporabe solarnih sistemov.
However, most of these upstream operators came forward at a later stage or did not provide a questionnaire reply.
V poročilu Komisije iz junija 2015 o napredku na področju energije iz obnovljivih virov je navedeno, da je fotovoltaika (tj. sončna energija) na ravni tehnologije že leta 2013 dosegla ravni uporabe, ki so bile v začetku načrtovane za leto 2020 [65].
Only the polysilicon manufacturer — Wacker Chemie AG (‘Wacker’) provided a questionnaire reply and was verified as set out in recital 28 above.
V nekaterih državah članicah je to povzročilo nepričakovano finančno breme za sheme podpore.
The upstream operators calling to terminate the measures reiterated the argument that the measures depress the demand through increased prices, which negatively affects the whole solar value chain.
Odziv politike je bil znižanje ravni podpore ali celo prekinitev in/ali sprememba sheme podpore.
Several companies claimed that due to depressed demand they suffer from a reduction in turnover, profits, loss of jobs, and inadequate resources to invest in R & D. However, due to the fact that they sent their submissions late and did not reply to the questionnaires, their situation could not be verified.
Te spremembe so bile potrebne tudi za že nameščene naprave, pri katerih bi sicer podpora povzročila čezmerna nadomestila za vlagatelje [66].
The Commission estimated that the upstream industry may employ several thousand people.
Gibanja na trgu sončne energije v Združenem kraljestvu v obdobju 2014–2016 prav tako dokazujejo, da je bila raven shem podpore glavna gonilna sila povpraševanja v Uniji.
The verified polysilicon producer provides more than 2000 direct jobs and around 1000 indirect jobs in the Union.
Dokler so bile na voljo zagotovljene odkupne cene, je trg cvetel, čeprav so bili vzpostavljeni ukrepi trgovinske zaščite.
It also has a large direct R & D budget exceeding EUR 17 million related to solar raw material production.
Po ukinitvi zagotovljenih odkupnih cen v začetku leta 2016 pa je obseg novih naprav upadel.
Although Wacker's turnover and employment remained stable in the period under investigation, it vehemently opposed the measures claiming that they have a negative impact on the trade relations with the PRC.
To je priznano tudi v svetovnih napovedih Solar Power Europe: Na nedavni razcvet trga sončne energije v Združenem kraljestvu kot zamudniku v Evropi so prav tako vplivale predvsem spodbude za sisteme na ravni omrežja, ki so se končale marca 2016 [67].
The PRC is by far the largest producer of solar wafers and cells; therefore the polysilicon manufacturer's turnover and several thousand jobs are dependent on an unrestricted access to the Chinese market, which is declining.
Čeprav agencije za zagotavljanje tržnih informacij v večini svojih poročil kot glavna razloga za stagnacijo povpraševanja Unije po sončni energiji običajno navajajo vse manjše sheme podpore in zakonodajno negotovost, zelo redko omenjajo ukrepe.
Wacker and several other parties claimed that by protecting an inefficient industry — solar cell and module manufacturing, the measures cause serious damage to the industries in which Europe has still a competitive edge.
V svetovnih tržnih napovedih agencije Solar Power Europe so prav tako navedene zmanjšane spodbude in negotovosti glede razvoja trga, pa tudi znižanja shem podpore za obstoječe naprave, da bi preprečili čezmerna nadomestila kot glavni razlog za zmanjšanje na evropskih trgih sončne energije; v zvezi s položajem Nemčije je v svetovnih napovedih Solar Power Europe za leto 2015 na primer navedeno: „Nemčija je kot druga v letu 2014 namestila manj kot 2 GW (1,9 GW), kar je manj od uradnega cilja 2,5 GW.
The association of the German equipment manufacturers (VDMA) sent a letter calling to review the level of the MIP, pointing to the fact that manufacturing costs in the solar sector have been continually decreasing.
Vodilna država na svetu na področju fotovoltaike [tj. Nemčija] je bila pod pritiskom, naj zniža stroške podpornega sistema in novi predpisi so v dveh letih zmanjšali trg za 75 % (s 7,6 GW na 1,9 GW)“ [68].
VDMA indicated that the solar cell and module producers had been following a historic solar learning curve of 21 %.
Komisija je ugotovila, da se je med letoma 2010 in 2013 močno povečalo povpraševanje po solarnih napravah, kar je bilo v nekaterih državah članicah posledica neskladja med zagotovoljenimi odkupnimi cenami, določenimi na ravni poštene cene modulov, in splošno ravnjo cen, na katero vpliva nepošten dampinški uvoz kitajskih modulov.
VDMA also claimed that the German photovoltaic equipment manufacturers are the key enabler of such a cost reduction.
Zmanjšanje povpraševanja leta 2013 in v naslednjih letih je bilo neizogibna posledica povpraševanja po napravah v predhodnih letih.
The equipment manufacturers are estimated to employ several thousand people and are key contributors to R & D in the solar sector.
Potrošnja/namestitev solarnih modulov se je začela znatno zmanjševati že leta 2012, kar je sovpadlo z znatnim znižanjem zagotovljenih odkupnih cen v navedenem letu v nekaterih državah članicah.
Several parties claimed that the Commission did not properly weigh the interest of upstream operators against the interest of the Union industry.
Med letom 2014 in OPP se je povpraševanje Unije povečevalo samo v Združenem kraljestvu, ki je bilo v tistem času država članica z najprivlačnejšimi shemami podpore.
The Commission reiterated that only one upstream operator — Wacker — had sent a complete reply to the questionnaire and could be verified.
Zato je Komisija ugotovila, da so bile sheme podpore glavna gonilna sila povpraševanja v OPP in predhodnih letih.
The interests of this company were taken into account in the analysis as set out in recital 250.
Torej je mogoče sklepati, da je nepovezane uvoznike ter industrijo višje in nižje v prodajni verigi znatno prizadel upad potrošnje Unije, ki ni povezan z uvedbo ukrepov.