natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In the light of the decisions to open a formal investigation for Cluj-Napoca Airport and Târgu Mureș airport adopted on 31 July 2015 (see point 39 above), the Commission considers appropriate to close the present investigation for all airports subject to it, except for Cluj-Napoca airport and Târgu Mureș airport.
Če je torej v nekem pravnem sistemu običajno, da letalske družbe ali upravljavci letališča krijejo stroške nekaterih storitev, drugim družbam ali upravljavcem letališča, ki zagotavljajo enake storitve po pooblastilu istih javnih organov, pa teh stroškov ni treba kriti, imajo lahko zadnjenavedeni prednost, čeprav te storitve same po sebi veljajo za negospodarske (glej tudi točko 37 smernic za letalski sektor iz leta 2014).
The Commission intends to close investigation SA.30931 with respect to those two airports together with the investigations opened on 31 July 2015.
Romunija ni nikoli trdila, da so se s financiranjem, ki je bilo dodeljeno kateremu koli regionalnemu letališču, na katerega se nanaša ta sklep, krili stroški, ki bi se opredelili kot stroški, ki spadajo v pristojnost javne politike.
Consequently, the assessment set out below only applies to the measures granted to the 11 other airports.
Niti niso nobeni upravljavci letališč, razen letališča Cluj-Napoca, med preiskavo trdili, da je tako.
EXISTENCE OF AID
Dejansko je mehanizem nadomestila zasnovan tako, da krije razliko med prihodki in izgubo letališč, ne da bi se razlikovalo med stroški, ki spadajo v pristojnost javne politike, in drugimi vrstami stroškov.
Pursuant to Article 107(1) of the Treaty, any aid granted by a Member State or through State resources in any form whatsoever which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings or the provision of certain goods, in so far as it affects trade between Member States, shall be incompatible with the internal market save as otherwise provided by the Treaty.
To vprašanje lahko glede letališč Cluj-Napoca in Târgu-Mureș ostane odprto, saj se s tem sklepom ne zaključujeta že začeti preiskavi v zvezi z navedenima letališčema.
The criteria laid down in Article 107(1) of the Treaty are cumulative.
Komisija glede ostalih letališč ugotavlja, da ukrepi ne pomenijo nadomestila za stroške, ki spadajo v pristojnost javne politike.
Therefore, in order to determine whether the measures under scrutiny constitute State aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty, all the above mentioned conditions need to be fulfilled.
Državna sredstva in pripisljivost
Namely, the financial support:
Pojem državne pomoči obsega vsako prednost, ki je dodeljena neposredno ali posredno, se financira iz javnih sredstev in jo dodeli država sama ali posredniški organ, ki deluje na podlagi dodeljenih pooblastil.
is granted by the State or through State resources;
Torej obsega vse prednosti, ki jih dodelijo regionalni ali lokalni organi držav članic, ne glede na njihov status in opis [23].
favours certain undertakings or the production of certain goods;
V tej zadevi financiranje dodeli neposredno država ali lokalni organi iz svojih lastnih sredstev.
distorts or threatens to distort competition;
Komisija zato potrjuje, da so bili vsi ukrepi, ki se ocenjujejo, dodeljeni iz državnih sredstev in jih je mogoče pripisati državi.
affects trade between Member States.
Selektivna gospodarska prednost
Economic activity and concept of undertaking
Javno financiranje, dodeljeno upravljavcem letališč, je namenjeno izravnavi izgub, nastalih pri opravljanju njihovih vsakodnevnih dejavnosti.
According to settled case law, the Commission must first establish whether the airport managers are undertakings within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty.
Nič v dejanskih dokazilih, ki so na voljo Komisiji, ali v pripombah, prejetih od Romunije ali tretjih oseb, ne kaže na to, da bi lahko organi, ki dodeljujejo pomoč, zaradi navedenih ukrepov financiranja ob odločitvi o njihovi dodelitvi pričakovali kakršne koli finančne donose.
The concept of an undertaking covers any entity engaged in an economic activity, regardless of its legal status and the way in which it is financed [18].
Zato zadevni ukrepi niso združljivi z načelom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.
Any activity consisting in offering goods or services on a given market is an economic activity.
Romunija je med preiskavo trdila, da sporno javno financiranje pomeni nadomestilo za zagotavljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena.
In Leipzig/Halle Airport, the General Court held that from the date of the judgment in Aéroports de Paris (12 December 2000), the application of State aid rules to the financing of airport infrastructure could no longer be excluded.
Da bi lahko Komisija v primeru podjetij, pooblaščenih za opravljanje storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena, ugotovila, ali ukrepi, ki se ocenjujejo, pomenijo gospodarsko prednost v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe, mora proučiti upoštevanje pogojev, ki jih je Sodišče določilo v svoji sodbi v zadevi Altmark [24].
The Commission therefore finds that at least as of from 12 December 2000, the airport manager has been engaged in an economic activity and that it constitutes an undertaking in the sense of Article 107(1) of the Treaty (see also point 29 of the 2014 Aviation Guidelines).
Te pogoje je mogoče povzeti, kot sledi:
Public policy remit
podjetje, ki prejema nadomestilo, mora dejansko izpolnjevati obveznosti javne službe, te pa morajo biti jasno opredeljene (v nadaljnjem besedilu: prvi pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark);
While airport managers must be considered to constitute undertakings in the sense of Article 107(1) of the Treaty at least as of 12 December 2000, it must be recalled that not all activities of an airport manager are necessarily of an economic nature (see also point 34 of the 2014 Aviation Guidelines) [19].
merila, na podlagi katerih se izračuna nadomestilo, morajo biti določena vnaprej ter objektivno in pregledno (v nadaljnjem besedilu: drugi pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark);
The Court of Justice has held that activities that normally fall under the State's responsibility in the exercise of its official powers as a public authority are not of an economic nature and do not fall within the scope of the rules on State aid.
nadomestilo ne sme presegati tistega, kar je potrebno za kritje vseh ali dela stroškov, ki so nastali z izpolnjevanjem obveznosti javne službe ob upoštevanju realiziranih prejemkov in razumnega dobička zaradi izpolnjevanja teh obveznosti (v nadaljnjem besedilu: tretji pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark);
Therefore, the financing of activities falling within the public policy remit or of infrastructure directly related to those activities in general does not constitute State aid [20].
če podjetje, ki se mu naloži izpolnjevanje obveznosti javne službe, v konkretnem primeru ni izbrano v postopku oddaje javnega naročila, ki omogoča, da se izbere tisti ponudnik, ki lahko te storitve opravlja z najnižjimi stroški za skupnost, se mora raven potrebnega nadomestila določiti na podlagi analize stroškov, ki bi jih povprečno, dobro vodeno podjetje, ki je ustrezno opremljeno s prevoznimi sredstvi, zato da lahko zadosti zahtevam javne službe, imelo pri izpolnjevanju teh obveznosti ob upoštevanju realiziranih prejemkov in razumnega dobička zaradi izpolnjevanja teh obveznosti (v nadaljnjem besedilu: četrti pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark).
At an airport, activities such as air traffic control, police, customs, firefighting, activities necessary to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference and the investments relating to the infrastructure and equipment necessary to perform these activities are generally considered to be of a non-economic nature (see also point 35 of the 2014 Aviation Guidelines) [21].
Navedeni štirje pogoji morajo biti kumulativno izpolnjeni.
However, public financing of non-economic activities must not lead to undue discrimination between airlines and airport managers.
Če eden od njih ni izpolnjen, ni mogoče trditi, da zadevni ukrepi ne vključujejo gospodarske prednosti na podlagi sodbe v zadevi Altmark.
Indeed, it is established case-law that an advantage is present when public authorities relieve undertakings of the costs inherent to their economic activities [22].
Prvi pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark
Therefore, if in a given legal system it is normal that airlines or airport managers bear the costs of certain services, whereas some airlines or airport managers providing the same services on behalf of the same public authorities do not have to bear those costs, the latter may enjoy an advantage, even if those services are considered in themselves non-economic (see also point 37 of the 2014 Aviation Guidelines).
Zahteva prvega pogoja iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark sovpada z zahtevo po jasni pooblastitvi podjetja za opravljanje storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena in opredelitvi take storitve, ki je določena v členu 106(2) Pogodbe [25].
At no time did Romania claim that the financing granted to any of the regional airports subject to this Decision covered costs which would qualify as public policy remit costs.
Člen 106(2) Pogodbe se uporablja le za „podjetja, pooblaščena za opravljanje“ storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena.
Nor have any of the airport operators, apart from Cluj-Napoca Airport, claimed in the course of the investigation that it would be the case.
Sodišče je stalno poudarjalo potrebo po pooblastitvi [26].
As a matter of fact, the compensation mechanism is designed to cover the difference between the revenues and losses of the airports, without making a distinction between public policy remit costs and other types of costs.
Potreba po jasni opredelitvi storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena je torej del zamisli o pooblastitvi in je z njo neločljivo povezana ter izhaja neposredno iz člena 106(2) Pogodbe.
This question can be left open as regards Cluj-Napoca Airport and Târgu Mureș Airport, since this Decision does not close the pending investigation with respect to those airports.
V sporočilu o storitvah splošnega interesa iz leta 2001 je Komisija že opozorila na povezavo med jasno opredelitvijo, pooblastitvijo ter potrebo po nadomestilu za storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena in njegovo sorazmernostjo v skladu s členom 106(2) Pogodbe [27].
As to the other airports, the Commission concludes that the measures do not constitute compensation for public policy remit costs.
V točki 22 navedenega sporočila je pojasnila: „[…] je treba v vsakem primeru za uporabo izjeme iz člena 106(2) Pogodbe jasno opredeliti poslanstvo javne storitve in jo poveriti z aktom organa oblasti […].
State resources and imputability
Ta obveznost je nujna za zagotovitev pravne varnosti in preglednosti za državljane ter nepogrešljiva za Komisijo pri ocenjevanju sorazmernosti“.
The concept of State aid applies to any advantage granted directly or indirectly, financed out of State resources, granted by the State itself or by any intermediary body acting by virtue of powers conferred on it.
Pooblastitev in opredelitev sta torej logični osnovni pogoj za kakršno koli smiselno presojo sorazmerne ravni kakršnega koli nadomestila.
Thus, it also applies to all advantages granted by regional or local authorities of Member States, whatever their status and description [23].
Sodišča Unije so stalno poudarjala potrebo po jasni opredelitvi obveznosti javne službe za uporabo izjeme iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark in člena 106(2) Pogodbe [28].
In this case the financing is granted directly by the State or the local authorities through their own resources.
V Sporočilu Komisije o uporabi pravil Evropske unije o državni pomoči za nadomestilo, dodeljeno za opravljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena, iz leta 2011 [29], je prav tako pojasnjeno, da je treba storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena in obveznosti javne službe vnaprej jasno opredeliti.
Therefore, the Commission confirms that all measures under assessment are granted through State resources and are imputable to the State.
Zato da se uporablja člen 106(2) Pogodbe je treba v skladu s točko 51 tega sporočila za izvajanje storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena pooblastiti eno ali več podjetij.
Selective economic advantage
Torej mora država zadevna podjetja pooblastiti za opravljanje posebne naloge.
The public funding granted to the airport managers aimed at offsetting the losses incurred when carrying out their ordinary activity.
V prvem merilu iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark je določeno tudi, da mora podjetje izpolnjevati obveznosti javne službe.
Nothing in the factual evidence available to the Commission or in the comments received from Romania or third parties suggest that the granting authorities could expect any financial return as a result of those funding measures when they decided to grant them.
Da bi se upoštevala sodna praksa iz zadeve Altmark, je treba s pooblastitvijo za opravljanje javne storitve določiti tudi obveznosti zadevnega izvajalca storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena in javnega organa, ki je podelil pooblastilo za opravljanje zadevnih storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena.
Therefore, the measures at issue do not comply with the market economy operator principle.
V skladu s točko 52 tega sporočila je treba nalogo opravljanja javnih storitev dodeliti z enim aktom ali več akti, v katerih je treba določiti vsaj obveznosti javne službe, zadevno podjetje in, če je primerno, ozemlje in vrsto vseh izključnih ali posebnih pravic, ki jih podjetju dodeli zadevni organ.
In the course of the investigation Romania claimed that the disputed public financing would represent compensation for the provision of SGEIs.
Romunija je v tej zadevi trdila, da je javno financiranje, dodeljeno zadevnim letališčem v obdobju 2007–2009, pomenilo nadomestilo za zagotavljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena.
In case of undertakings entrusted with the provision of an SGEI, in order to conclude whether or not the measures under assessment constitute an economic advantage within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty, the Commission must examine observance of the conditions set out by the Court in its judgement in the Altmark case [24].
Trdila je, da so bili v Sklepu vlade št. 398/1997 jasno in pregledno določeni obveznosti javne službe, parametri za izračun nadomestila in dogovori za preprečitev kakršnega koli prekomernega nadomestila.
Those conditions may be summarised as follows:
Čeprav je bilo v Sklepu vlade št. 398/1997 določeno, da se bodo stroški poslovanja in investicijskega vzdrževanja letališč, navedenih v tem sklepu, krili z lastnimi sredstvi, dopolnjenimi z javnim financiranjem, ter so bile navedene dejavnosti, ki jih morajo izvesti upravljavci letališč na vseh zadevnih letališčih (tj. ne za vsako letališče posebej), pa nobenemu upravljavcu letališča niso bile naložene jasne obveznosti javne službe.
the recipient undertaking must actually have public service obligations to discharge and these obligations must be clearly defined (hereinafter ‘Altmark 1’);
Kar zadeva letališče Constanța, čeprav je bilo v Sklepu vlade št. 523/1998 določeno, kateri stroški bodo z javnim financiranjem bodisi dopolnjeni bodisi v celoti kriti, in so bile navedene dejavnosti, ki jih mora izvesti upravljavec letališča, pa nobenemu upravljavcu letališča niso bile naložene jasne obveznosti javne službe.
the parameters on the basis of which the compensation is calculated must be established in advance in an objective and transparent manner (hereinafter ‘Altmark 2’);
Trditev Romunije, da bi bile letališke storitve bistvene za gospodarski razvoj zadevnih regij ali da je njihov namen izpolniti cilj strateške varnosti, ne zadostuje za ugotovitev, da so bili upravičenci pravilno pooblaščeni za opravljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena, kolikor so to obveznosti javne službe.
the compensation cannot exceed what is necessary to cover all or part of the costs incurred in the discharge of public service obligations, taking into account the relevant receipts and a reasonable profit for discharging those obligations (hereinafter ‘Altmark 3’);
Komisija pušča vprašanje, ali se zadevna letališča štejejo za dejanske storitve splošnega gospodarskega pomena, odprto, saj presoja v zvezi s tem ni potrebna, saj, kot je pojasnjeno zgoraj, obveznosti javne službe v aktu o pooblastitvi niso jasno opredeljene.
where the undertaking which is to discharge public service obligations, in a specific case, is not chosen pursuant to a public procurement procedure which would allow for the selection of the tenderer capable of providing those services at the least cost to the community, the level of compensation needed must be determined on the basis of an analysis of the costs which a typical undertaking, well run and adequately provided with means of transport so as to be able to meet the necessary public service requirements, would have incurred in discharging those obligations, taking into account the relevant revenues and a reasonable profit for discharging the obligations (hereinafter ‘Altmark 4’).
Komisiji se zato v zvezi s tem ni treba opredeliti.
Those four conditions must be fulfilled cumulatively.
Zato zadevni ukrepi niso skladni s prvim pogojem iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark.
Therefore, if one of them is not satisfied, it cannot be claimed that the measures at issue do not involve an economic advantage on the basis of the Altmark judgement.
Četrti pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark
Altmark 1
V četrtem pogoju iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark je določeno, da mora biti nadomestilo omejeno na najnižjo raven, ki je potrebna, da se ne bi opredelilo kot državna pomoč.
The requirement of the first Altmark condition coincides with the requirement of clear entrustment and definition of the SGEI provided by Article 106(2) of the Treaty [25].
To merilo je izpolnjeno, če je bil prejemnik nadomestila izbran v postopku oddaje javnega naročila, ki omogoča izbiro ponudnika, zmožnega opravljati zahtevano storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena z najnižjimi stroški za skupnost, ali, če to ni mogoče, je bilo nadomestilo izračunano glede na stroške učinkovitega podjetja.
Article 106(2) of the Treaty applies only to ‘undertakings entrusted with the operation’ of an SGEI.
V tem primeru upravičenci niso bili izbrani v postopku oddaje javnega naročila.
The Court of Justice has consistently underlined the need for an entrustment act [26].
Poleg tega ni nobenih dokazov, iz katerih bi bilo razvidno, da je bila raven nadomestila določena na podlagi analize stroškov, ki bi jih povprečno, dobro vodeno podjetje, ki je ustrezno opremljeno s sredstvi za zadostitev zahtevam javne službe, imelo pri izpolnjevanju teh obveznosti ob upoštevanju zadevnih prejemkov in razumnega dobička zaradi izpolnjevanja teh obveznosti (nepravilna opredelitev – glej uvodne izjave od 86 do 95).
Therefore, the need for a clear definition of the SGEI is inherent to and inseparable from the idea of entrustment and derives directly from Article 106(2) of the Treaty.
Komisija zato meni, da ni mogoče ugotoviti, da je bilo zadevno javno financiranje določeno na podlagi stroškov učinkovitega podjetja.
In the 2001 Communication on services of general interest, the Commission already underlined the link between clear definition, entrustment and necessity and proportionality of the SGEI compensation under Article 106(2) of the Treaty [27].
Zato ukrep, v zvezi s katerim poteka preiskava, ni skladen s četrtim pogojem iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark.
Paragraph 22 of that Communication explained that ‘in every case, for the exception provided for by Article 106(2) of the Treaty to apply, the public service mission needs to be clearly defined and must be explicitly entrusted through an act of public authority […].
Sklepna ugotovitev – obstoj selektivne gospodarske prednosti
This obligation is necessary to ensure legal certainty as well as transparency vis-à-vis the citizens and is indispensable for the Commission to carry out its proportionality assessment’.
Ker prvi in četrti pogoj iz sodbe v zadevi Altmark nista izpolnjena, Komisija ugotavlja, da štirje pogoji, ki jih je Sodišče določilo v sodbi v zadevi Altmark, v tej zadevi niso bili kumulativno izpolnjeni.
Entrustment and definition are thus a logical prerequisite of any meaningful assessment of the proportionate level of any compensation.
Poleg tega ni izpolnjeno načelo udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, kot je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 82, zato je bila z ukrepi, ki se ocenjujejo, upravljavcem letališč dodeljena gospodarska prednost.
The Union Courts have consistently underlined the need for a clear definition of the PSOs for the application of both the Altmark exception and Article 106(2) of the Treaty [28].
Poleg tega je ta gospodarska prednost selektivna, saj je usmerjena na določena podjetja, ki spadajo v določeno gospodarsko panogo, tj. letališča.
Also the 2011 Communication from the Commission on the application of the European Union State aid rules to compensation granted for provision of SGEIs [29] clarifies that the SGEI and the PSOs must be clearly defined in advance.
Izkrivljanje konkurence in vpliv na trgovino med državami članicami
According to paragraph 51 therein, for Article 106(2) of the Treaty to apply, the operation of an SGEI must be entrusted to one or more undertakings.
Konkurenco med letališči je mogoče oceniti glede na merila, ki jih izberejo letalski prevozniki, in zlasti s primerjavo dejavnikov, kot so vrsta ponujenih letaliških storitev in zadevne stranke, prebivalstvo ali gospodarska dejavnost, preobremenjenost, možnost dostopa po kopnem, kot tudi višina pristojbin ter splošni trgovinski pogoji za uporabo letališke infrastrukture in storitev (glej točko 43 smernic za letalski sektor iz leta 2014).
The undertakings in question must therefore have been entrusted with a special task by the State.
Poleg tega si upravljavci letališč medsebojno konkurirajo za upravljanje letališke infrastrukture, vključno na lokalnih in regionalnih letališčih.
The first Altmark criterion requires that the undertaking has PSOs to discharge.
Javno financiranje letališča lahko torej izkrivlja konkurenco na trgih za upravljanje letališke infrastrukture.
Accordingly, in order to comply with the Altmark case-law, a public service entrustment is necessary that defines the obligations of the SGEI provider in question and those of the public authority entrusting the SGEI in question.
Poleg tega lahko javno financiranje letališč izkrivlja konkurenco ter vpliva na trgovino na trgih zračnega prevoza po vsej Uniji.
According to paragraph 52 thereafter the public service task must be assigned by way of one or more acts that must at least specify the PSOs; the undertaking and, where applicable, the territory concerned; the nature of any exclusive or special rights assigned to the undertaking by the authority in question.
Javno financiranje letališč lahko vpliva tudi na kombinirano konkurenco (glej točko 44 smernic za letalski sektor iz leta 2014).
In this case, Romania claimed that the public financing granted to the airports in question in the period 2007-2009 represented compensation for the provision of SGEIs.
Zato so ukrepi, ki se ocenjujejo, izkrivljali ali bi vsaj lahko izkrivljali konkurenco in vplivali na trgovino med državami članicami.
Romania claimed that Government Decision 398/1997/EC laid down in a clear and transparent manner the PSOs, the parameters for calculating the compensation and the arrangements for avoiding any overcompensation.
Sklepna ugotovitev v zvezi z obstojem pomoči
However, whilst Government Decision 398/1997/EC set out that operating and capital costs of the airports listed therein would be covered by own resources supplemented by public financing and listed the activities to be performed by the airport managers across all airports concerned (i.e. not for each airport individually), it did not impose clear PSOs on any of the airport managers.
Komisija je na podlagi navedenega sklenila, da ukrepi, ki se ocenjujejo, pomenijo državno pomoč navedenim letališčem v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
As concerns Constanța airport, whilst the Government Decision 523/1998/EC set out which costs are either to be supplemented by public financing or be fully covered by public financing and listed the activities to be performed by the airport manager, it did not impose clear PSOs on any of the airport managers.
OBSTOJEČA ALI NOVA VRSTA POMOČI