natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Three quarters of the parties who responded to the Opening Decision referred specifically to the risk of capacity withholding in the French mechanism.
izboljšanje proizvoda ARENH: (a) z uvedbo ARENH v povezavi z zmogljivostmi.
A French industrial consumer association is concerned that EDF will have an incentive to influence the market reference price (MRP) upwards and sell the surplus capacity after the delivery year, given that:
Za to je treba ARENH razdeliti na dva proizvoda: proizvod v povezavi z zmogljivostmi in proizvod v povezavi z energijo; vsak dobavitelj naj bi lahko brez razlikovanja izbral katerega koli od teh proizvodov ali pa oba hkrati; in/ali (b) s povečanjem obsega zmogljivosti, ki jih zajema proizvod ARENH v povezavi z energijo (1,15 potrdila na MW ARENH).
in such a scenario, the imbalance settlement penalty that EDF would pay would be largely offset by revenues from a relatively high MRP; and
V zvezi s tem so francoski organi poudarili, da morajo dobavitelji razpisati javno ponudbo za prodajo vseh potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih, ki presegajo njihove notranje potrebe.
the MRP will be used to invoice the capacity cost to the vast majority of consumers, and will therefore be passed on to them.
Po njihovem mnenju bi to moralo preprečiti vsako morebitno kopičenje zmogljivosti.
An alternative supplier pointed out that, in addition to the fact that the auctions will probably not be very representative of the trades conducted under the mechanism (suppliers should be inclined to choose bilateral transactions to avoid advance payments in cash), the fact that the MRP will not take into account the transactions carried out during and after the delivery year may have the effect of further weakening the disincentive effect of the imbalance settlement mechanism and thereby encouraging withholding strategies by capacity operators.
Poleg tega naj bi bil del potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih prvotnega operaterja samodejno prenesen na alternativne dobavitelje prek ARENH, regulator pa naj bi še naprej nadziral vsako morebitno zlorabo tržne moči.
In order to further encourage capacity operators not to withhold capacity, the alternative supplier proposes three remedies:
Francoski organi so se glede na navedene bojazni zavezali, da bodo mehanizem spremenili tako, da operaterjem zmogljivosti naložijo, naj v vsakem krogu dražb, organiziranim pred letom dobave, ponudijo določeno minimalno število potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih, kakor je bilo pojasnjeno v točkah 165 in 166 obrazložitve.
review the reference base for the MRP;
Poleg tega bodo organizirane dodatne dražbe, kakor je bilo pojasnjeno v točki 164 obrazložitve.
strengthen the disincentive effect of the imbalance settlement mechanism; and
Tveganje cenovnih škarij zaradi prvotnega prevladujočega operaterja
remove the option of a fall-back tender, since that can encourage operators to withhold capacity.
Dva predložitelja odgovorov sta ob sklicevanju na mnenje, ki ga je leta 2012 izdal organ, pristojen za konkurenco, izrazila bojazen, da bo prišlo do navzkrižnega subvencioniranja med proizvodno in tržno panogo prvotnega operaterja (to je do prodaje potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih konkurentom po višji ceni od notranje prodajne cene, ki se uporablja med njegovo proizvodno in tržno panogo, posledica česar je izključitev konkurentov iz trga dobave električne energije).
The AFIEG (Association of Alternative Suppliers and Producers) criticises the option of rebalancing capacities at no cost prior to the delivery year, since in its opinion, it creates the possibility of gaming on the availability of the nuclear fleet and thereby artificially creating scarcity or overcapacity.
To navzkrižno subvencioniranje bi lahko po njunem mnenju povzročilo „cenovne škarje“ za alternativnega dobavitelja, ki nima proizvodnih sredstev, saj bi moral za izpolnitev svojih obveznosti glede zmogljivosti potrdila o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih kupiti na trgu.
In view of these reactions to the Opening Decision by market operators, the French authorities expressed their willingness to improve the mechanism to minimise any risk of abuse of market power.
Kar zadeva možnost izključevanja s cenami (omejitev marž ali cenovne škarje, plenilske cene), so francoski organi opozorili, da so taka protikonkurenčna ravnanja že predmet nadzora organa, pristojnega za konkurenco, in kazni, ki jih ta naloži.
In particular, they undertake to impose on capacity operators the obligation to accurately certify in advance all of their available capacity and have limited their certification possibilities to a range around historical reference values (see Figure 9).
Toda za lažje odkrivanje takih ravnanj bodo francoski organi poostrili pravila, tako da bodo vertikalno povezanim udeležencem naložili, naj komisiji za regulacijo energije sporočijo, katero metodo uporabljajo za upoštevanje cen potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih v svojih ponudbah.
Any divergence from this range must be justified with RTE and the regulator.
Poleg tega bodo v pravilih tudi jasneje določili, da morajo vertikalno povezani udeleženci priglasiti ceno za vsako notranjo transakcijo, povezano s potrdili o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih.
Figure 9
Vrzel v zakonodaji, zaradi katere je mogoče potrdila o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih prenesti brezplačno, bo tako odpravljena.
Illustration of the certification range
Nazadnje, francoski organi so se zavezali, da bodo udeležencem na trgu odobrili poln dostop do registra potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih, v katerega se bodo vpisovale transakcije, izvedene na prostem trgu, hkrati pa bo zagotovljena anonimnost udeležencev, ki so izvedli posamezno transakcijo.
Reference value
Oviran dostop za nove proizvodne zmogljivosti
Acceptability range
Pripombe tretjih strani in stališča francoskih organov o vključitvi novih proizvodnih zmogljivosti v francoski mehanizem zmogljivosti so obravnavani v oddelku 4.3.3.
They propose that any significant cumulative rebalancing (exceeding a maximum threshold of 1 GW; the precise level of the threshold is yet to be set by the authorities on the basis of market feedback but in any event will not exceed 1 GW) occurring before the delivery year would trigger a penalty.
Vendar so navedeni organi priznali, da bi moral mehanizem omogočiti, da nove proizvodne zmogljivosti konkurirajo obstoječi proizvodni zmogljivosti, in da obstaja potreba po trdnejšem okviru za nove udeležence, ki bi olajšal to konkurenco.
The penalty, aimed at discouraging capacity operators from under-certifying or over-certifying their capacities, increases gradually until the imbalances are settled.
Za rešitev te težave sta bila dana dva nova predloga:
Capacity operators must also rebalance as soon as they become aware of an event involving unavailability of facilities (mothballing, decommissioning, damage causing reduced availability for a long period, etc.) compared with their forecast availability.
kot je bilo opisano v točkah 146 do 148 obrazložitve, postopno povečevanje regulirane cene, ki se bo najprej z 20000 EUR/MW za leto dobave 2017 zvišala na 40000 EUR/MW za leti dobave 2018 in 2019 ter nazadnje na 60000 EUR/MW za leto dobave 2020.
The authorities also propose that the imbalance settlement mechanism be revised in order to further discourage market operators from having negative or positive imbalances at any point in time.
Francoski organi bodo od leta dobave (LD) 2021 letno posodabljali navedeno regulirano ceno, da bi jo uskladili z vrednostjo, ki ustreza stroškom novega udeleženca CONE, zlasti stroškom elektrarne na plin tipa CCG ali elektrarne z odprtim ciklom, kakor ga je izračunal operater javnega prenosnega omrežja električne energije in odobril regulator; in
In particular, the ‘k’ incentive coefficient, applied to imbalances, will be doubled, will be further increased for negative imbalances exceeding a maximum threshold of 1 GW, and will be even less rewarding for positive imbalances also exceeding a maximum threshold of 1 GW (the precise level of the thresholds is yet to be set by the authorities on the basis of market feedback but in any event will not exceed 1 GW).
uvedbo večletnega sistema posebnih pogodb za razliko za nove proizvodne zmogljivosti, kakor je opisan v točkah 131 do 138 obrazložitve.
In response to the complaint from one alternative supplier that the fall-back tender could encourage operators to adopt a withholding strategy, the French authorities confirmed that this fall-back tender would indeed be cancelled and replaced by the multiannual contract scheme (described in recitals 131 to 138).
Razlikovanje med implicitno in eksplicitno izravnavo
Finally, as explained in recitals 146 and 147, the French authorities propose to increase the maximum amount of compensation for price deviations applied in the event of a serious threat to security of supply (i.e. an overall negative imbalance greater than 2 GW).
Pripombe tretjih strani in stališča francoskih organov o tem so bili obravnavani/razloženi v oddelku 4.3.1.
It is proposed that this ceiling (the administered price) be gradually increased from EUR 20000/MW in 2017 to EUR 40000/MW in 2018 and 2019, reaching EUR 60000/MW in 2020.
Eksplicitna vključitev tujih zmogljivosti
From delivery year 2021, the authorities will update this administered price annually so as to bring it in line with the cost of new entry (CONE), specifically the costs of a combined-cycle or open-cycle gas-fired power plant, as calculated by the operator of the public electricity transmission grid and approved by the regulator.
Pripombe tretjih strani ter stališča in rešitve francoskih organov glede eksplicitne vključitve tujih zmogljivosti so obravnavani v oddelku 4.3.2.
Risk of the withholding of guarantees
Kakor je bilo navedeno v točkah 119 do 125 obrazložitve, so francoski organi v odgovoru na pomisleke Komisije in tretjih strani predlagali hibridni model, v katerem se dodelijo dovoljenja za povezovanje prek daljnovodov, ki bi nazadnje omogočila vključitev proizvodnih zmogljivosti in zmogljivosti za izravnavo, ki so v državah članicah ob meji s Francijo.
Four respondents are especially worried about the risk of guarantee withholding or, in any case, a lack of liquidity for certificates in the market.
Po njihovem mnenju je ta pristop skladen s temeljnimi načeli iz Priloge 2 k delovnemu dokumentu služb, priloženemu sektorski preiskavi Evropske komisije o mehanizmih zmogljivosti.
The AFIEG pointed out that the mechanism requiring market participants with a surplus of guarantees after the delivery year (but before the imbalance settlement) to sell these by auction will not be sufficient to prevent withholding of the guarantees before the delivery year (relevant period for determining the MRP).
Asimetrija informacij v razmerju med prvotnim prevladujočim operaterjem ter njegovimi sedanjimi in potencialnimi konkurenti
In addition to suggestions to improve the incentives to be in balance before the delivery year (review of the reference base for the MRP and strengthening of the disincentive effect of the imbalance settlement mechanism), respondents suggest two ways of improving access to the certificates:
Težava dobaviteljev pri pravočasnem vnaprejšnjem predvidevanju razvoja njihovih portfeljev odjemalcev
require EDF to resell its certificates in one way or another (e.g. through a ‘certificate release scheme’, imposing a ‘market-maker’ obligation on it); or
Pripombe zainteresiranih strani
improve the ARENH product, by (a) introducing a capacity ARENH.
Pripombe tretjih strani v zvezi s tem so vključene v oddelek 4.3.3.1 zgoraj.
To this end, the ARENH would be split into two products: a capacity product and an energy product.
Stališča Francije o tem so povzeta v točki 139 obrazložitve zgoraj.
Each supplier would be free to buy either product or the two simultaneously; and/or (b) revising upwards the amount of capacity linked to the ARENH energy product (1,15 guarantees per MW of ARENH).
Kot je bilo pojasnjeno v točki 140 obrazložitve zgoraj, so francoski organi nazadnje predlagali, da se dobaviteljem pomaga bolje oceniti njihove prihodnje portfelje odjemalcev in to pomoč izrecno urediti v pravilih.
In this respect, the French authorities stressed that suppliers have the obligation to make a public offer for sale for all guarantees owned on top of their internal needs.
Pripombe tretjih strani v zvezi s tem so povzete v točkah 159 do 160 obrazložitve zgoraj.
In their view, this should ensure that potential withholding of capacity is prevented.
Kakor je bilo pojasnjeno v oddelku 4.4.2 zgoraj, je bilo v zvezi s tem nazadnje predlagano, da se prispeva k zagotovitvi prožnosti dobaviteljem, tako da se dovoli izvajanje transakcij na prostem trgu, hkrati pa zagotoviti likvidnost na platformi za organizirano trgovanje ter preglednost trgovanja na prostem trgu.
Moreover, part of the certificates owned by the incumbent operator would be automatically transferred to the alternative suppliers through ARENH, and the regulator would still supervise any potential abuse of market power.
OCENA UKREPA
In view of these concerns, the French authorities undertook to revise the mechanism so as to oblige capacity operators to offer certain minimum volumes of certificates in each of the auctions organised before the delivery year, as explained in recitals 165 and 166.
Komisija je v točki 143 obrazložitve sklepa o začetku postopka že ugotovila, da je navedeni mehanizem državna pomoč v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU.
Additional auctions will also be held, as explained in recital 164.
V zvezi z obstojem državnih sredstev v francoskem mehanizmu zmogljivosti francoski organi potrdila o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih operaterjem zmogljivosti dodelijo brezplačno.
Risk of a price squeeze by the dominant incumbent operator
Hkrati za ta potrdila ustvarjajo trg s tem, ko dobaviteljem električne energije nalagajo obvezne kvote, ki jih določijo glede na konične obremenitve svojih odjemalcev.
With reference to a Competition Authority report of 2012, two respondents fear cross-subsidisation by the incumbent between its production and retail activity (i.e. selling certificates to competitors at a higher price than the transfer price between its production and retail segments, leading to a foreclosure of the retail market).
S tem ustvarijo povpraševanje po navedenih certifikatih in ustrezno vrednost.
This cross-subsidisation could, they believe, lead to a price squeeze for an alternative supplier without generation assets, since it will have to meet its capacity obligations by purchasing certificates on the market.
Poleg tega država navedene certifikate, namesto da jih proda operaterjem zmogljivosti ali jih ponudi na dražbi, izda brezplačno, kar pomeni, da se odreče svojim javnim sredstvom.
Regarding the possibility of price-based exclusionary practices (margin squeeze, price squeeze, predatory pricing), the French authorities noted that such anti-competitive practices are already scrutinised and sanctioned by the Competition Authority.
Niti francoski organi niti tretje strani niso navedli utemeljitev, s katerimi bi izpodbili to analizo.
Nonetheless, to facilitate the detection of such practices, the authorities will strengthen the rules by obliging vertically integrated operators to inform the Energy Regulatory Commission of the method which they used to take into account capacity guarantee prices in their offers.
Nasprotno, Komisija je medtem sprejela dodaten sklep, ki potrjuje opredelitev sistema subvencije s certifikati, izdanimi za obrate za proizvodnjo energije iz obnovljivih virov, kot državne pomoči [31].
They will also specify more clearly in the rules that vertically integrated operators are required to declare a price for all internal transactions relating to capacity certificates.
Treba je pripomniti, da v tem primeru za navedene zelene certifikate ni bila določena nobena najnižja cena.
A loophole in the legislation allowing free transfers of certificates will also be corrected.
Poleg tega ni ustrezno razlikovati obravnavanega primera od primera romunskih zelenih certifikatov z utemeljitvijo, da naj bi imeli dobavitelji v francoskem sistemu na izbiro, ali stroške nakupa potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih prenesejo na porabnike ali ne.
Finally, the French authorities have undertaken to provide full access for market operators to the register of capacity guarantees, where the OTC transactions are registered, while ensuring the anonymity of operators involved in each transaction.
V skladu s členom R. 337-19 odredbe št. 2015-1823 z dne 30. decembra 2015 o kodifikaciji regulativnega dela energetskega zakonika (Décret no 2015-1823 du 30 décembre 2015 relatif à la codification de la partie réglementaire du code de l'énergie) namreč vsaj regulirane prodajne tarife nujno vključujejo ceno potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih.
Barriers to the entry of new generation capacities
Francoski organi so poleg tega zatrjevali, da mora biti tržna cena (RTC, uporabljena za izravnavo odstopanj) povprečna cena, ki izhaja iz različnih organiziranih dražb (in torej v njej ne morejo biti upoštevane cene transakcij, izvedenih na prostem trgu), prav zato, da bi se zagotovila možnost posnemanja RTC.
The comments from third parties and the French authorities' observations and remedies regarding the participation of new generation capacities in the French capacity mechanism are discussed in Section 4.3.3.
Možnost posnemanja RTC je možnost, da dobavitelji v razmerju do svojih odjemalcev v prodajnih pogodbah posnemajo cene RTC, kar si po navedbah francoskih organov želi velik del udeležencev.
In their response to the Opening Decision dated 17 December 2015, the French authorities indicated that the proposed mechanism is not necessarily designed to generate new large-scale investment increasing overall generation capacity, but rather to ensure the availability of the necessary capacity, for example to cope with a cold spell in winter.
To potrjuje, da bo velik del dobaviteljev, če ne vsi, na svoje odjemalce prenesel stroške, nastale zaradi nakupa potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih.
Nevertheless, the French authorities have recognised that the mechanism must enable new generation capacities to compete with existing generation capacity and acknowledged the need for a more stable framework for new entrants that would facilitate this competition.
Poleg tega je mehanizem zmogljivosti, kakor so ga prvotno zasnovali francoski organi, določal „sistem zanke“, to je razpisni postopek kot nadomestni pristop javnih organov, ki bi ga uporabili, če trg zmogljivosti v primeru potrebe po novih zmogljivostih ne bi spodbujal k njihovi zgraditvi.
Two new features have been proposed to address this issue:
Ta možnost neposrednega poseganja države v trg dodatno podpira opredelitev mehanizma zmogljivosti kot državne pomoči.
as described in recitals 146 to 148, a gradual increase in the administered price over time, which would initially rise from EUR 20000/MW for delivery year 2017 to EUR 40000/MW for delivery years 2018 and 2019, reaching EUR 60000/MW for delivery year 2020.
Poleg tega je treba kot državno pomoč same po sebi opredeliti nekatere spremembe, ki jih je Francija uvedla v zvezi z mehanizmom zmogljivosti po predložitvi pripomb zainteresiranih strani o pomislekih, ki jih je Komisija navedla v sklepu o začetku postopka.
From delivery year (DY) 2021, the authorities will review this administered price annually so as to bring it in line with the cost of new entry (CONE), specifically the costs of a combined-cycle or open-cycle gas-fired power plant, as calculated by the operator of the public electricity transmission grid and approved by the regulator; and
To velja za večletne pogodbe, s katerimi država njihovim skleniteljem sedem let zagotavlja določen zanesljiv prihodek od zmogljivosti.
the establishment of a multiannual scheme for contracts for differences (CFD) specifically for new generation capacities, as described in recitals 131 to 138.
Država ima pri tem mehanizmu ključno vlogo: prav država RTE obveže, naj sklene pogodbe za nove zmogljivosti, zlasti če so konkurenčne, in prav zaradi teh pogodb bodo te nove zmogljivosti zanesljivo sedem let prejemale nespremenljivo ceno za svojo zmogljivost.
Discrimination between explicit and implicit demand-side response
Kar zadeva trditev EDF ter družbe, ki deluje zlasti v Franciji v veleprodajnem segmentu, ki menita, da je mehanizem obveznost javne službe, saj je nadomestilo za zmogljivosti protiplačilo za storitev, ki jo opravljajo operaterji zmogljivosti, Komisija meni, da je bila ta utemeljitev že obravnavana v sklepu o začetku postopka.
The comments from third parties and the French authorities' observations regarding this point have been dealt with in Section 4.3.1.
Naj spomnimo, da po mnenju Komisije zadevne storitve ni mogoče zagotavljati na trgu niti določiti njene vrednosti na podlagi trga.
Explicit participation by foreign capacities
Francoski organi so namreč morali ustvariti trg, tako da so naložili obveznosti razpoložljivosti in kopičenja potrdil o zagotovljenih zmogljivostih različnim udeležencem na trgu električne energije, da bi se lahko določila vrednost razpoložljivosti.
The comments from third parties and the French authorities' observations and remedies regarding the explicit participation of foreign capacities are discussed in Section 4.3.2.
Z vzpostavitvijo tega trga zmogljivosti bodo namreč operaterji zmogljivosti prejeli sredstva, ki jih sicer ne bi, in s tem pridobili prednost, ki je ne bi, če ne bi bilo trga, ki so ga ustvarili navedeni organi.
As described in recitals 119 to 125, in response to the concerns of the Commission and third parties, the French authorities have proposed a hybrid model involving the allocation of interconnection tickets that would, in time, allow the participation by generation and demand-side response capacities located in Member States bordering France.
Tudi utemeljitev EDF in druge vertikalno povezane družbe za električno energijo, v skladu s katero mehanizem zmogljivosti ne zagotavlja selektivne prednosti operaterjem zmogljivosti, saj so vsi udeleženci v okviru mehanizma v enakem dejanskem in pravnem položaju ter se obravnavajo povsem enako, je bila že obravnavana v navedenem sklepu o začetku postopka.
In their view, this approach complies with the basic principles set out in Annex 2 to the Commission Staff Working Document accompanying the European Commission's Sector Inquiry on Capacity Mechanisms.
Naj spomnimo, da je po mnenju Komisije ta prednost selektivna, saj navedeni mehanizem vključuje pomoč operaterjem zmogljivosti, ne pa drugim gospodarskim sektorjem.
Information asymmetry between the dominant incumbent operator and its current and potential competitors
Ker niti Francija ni navedla novih utemeljitev, Komisija vztraja pri svoji presoji in ugotovitvah iz sklepa o začetku postopka (na katere napotuje ta sklep), da mehanizem daje selektivno prednost operaterjem zmogljivosti.
Difficulty for suppliers to predict far in advance how their customer portfolios will evolve.
Francoski organi so povzeli svoje utemeljitve, v skladu s katerimi navedeni mehanizem zmogljivosti ne bo vplival na trg električne energije in ki jih je Komisija upoštevala v svojem sklepu o začetku postopka.
Comments from interested parties
Naj spomnimo, da je Komisija ugotovila, da navedeni mehanizem lahko potencialno ogroža trgovino med državami članicami in izkrivlja konkurenco, ker naj bi francoski operaterji zmogljivosti imeli prednost, ki je tuji konkurenti ne morejo pridobiti, saj nimajo pravice do vključitve v francoski trg zmogljivosti.
The comments from third parties on this point are included in Section 4.3.3.1 above.
Treba je pripomniti, da je ena od rešitev, ki jih je predlagala Francija, prav ta, da se čezmejne zmogljivosti izrecno vključijo v francoski mehanizem.
The observations by France on this point are included in recital 139 above.
Toda ta vključitev je omejena na ustrezno zmogljivost medsebojnega povezovanja (to je po uporabi dejavnikov zmanjšanja zmogljivosti) Francije z njenimi sosednjimi državami prek daljnovodov.