natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Resources, roles, responsibility and authority
Poročati bi moral o prednostih in slabostih sistema ter o potrebnih izboljšavah.
If EMAS is to succeed, then top management must be willing to provide the resources and organisational structures needed to support the system.
Predstavnik bi moral biti usposobljen in izkušen na področju okoljskih vprašanj, zakonskih zahtev v zvezi z okoljem, upravnih vidikov, dela v skupinah ter vodenja in usklajevanja.
These include human resources and specialised skills in personnel, organisational infrastructure, technology, as well as financial resources.
Organizacija mora zagotoviti, da so v organizaciji na voljo vse te kompetence.
The environmental review will have examined existing organisational infrastructure, management practices and procedures.
Kompetentnost, usposabljanje in ozaveščanje
At this point, it is time to adapt internal structures and procedures if necessary.
Organizacija mora opredeliti izkušnje in znanje, ki jih osebje potrebuje za uspešno okoljsko ravnanje.
The organisation's top management must appoint a management representative, i.e., a person ultimately responsible for the environmental management system.
Pripraviti, izvajati in vzdrževati mora postopek za ugotavljanje potreb po usposabljanju in storiti vse potrebno za zagotovitev, da ima osebje, ki dela s sistemom okoljskega ravnanja, ustrezno znanje na področju:
Their role is to make sure that all the environmental management system requirements are in place, working and up-to-date, as well as to keep the general management team informed about how the system is working.
okoljske politike organizacije,
They should report on its strengths and weaknesses, and on improvements needed.
zakonskih zahtev in drugih okoljskih zahtev, ki veljajo za organizacijo,
The representative should be qualified and experienced in environmental issues, environment-related legal requirements, management aspects, working group skills, with leadership and coordination skills.
splošnih in posamičnih ciljev na ravni organizacije in na ravni specifičnih delovnih področij osebja,
The organisation must ensure these competences are all available within the organisation.
okoljskih vidikov in vplivov ter metodologije za njihovo spremljanje,
Competence, training and awareness
svojih nalog in odgovornosti v okviru sistema okoljskega ravnanja.
The organisation has to define the experience and knowledge required among staff for good environmental management performance.
Vsi, ki delajo za organizacijo ali v njenem imenu, bi morali poznati svoje vloge v okviru sistema EMAS in okoljske koristi sistema.
It must draw up, implement and maintain a procedure to identify training needs and do whatever is necessary to ensure that staff involved in the environmental management system has appropriate knowledge of:
Te osebe bi se morale udeležiti usposabljanja o okoljski ozaveščenosti in sistemu okoljskega ravnanja organizacije ali vsaj imeti možnost udeležbe na takem usposabljanju.
The organisation's environment policy;
Slika 5
Legal requirements and other environmental requirements applicable to the organisation;
Diagram poteka usposabljanja v okviru sistema okoljskega ravnanja
The objectives and targets set up for the organisation as a whole and for their specific work areas;
Načrtovanje dejavnosti na področju usposabljanja in ozaveščanja
Environmental aspects and impacts and the methodology for monitoring them;
Dejavnosti na področju usposabljanja in ozaveščanja
Their roles and responsibilities within the environmental management system.
Ocena dejavnosti področju usposacljanja in ozaveščanja
Everyone working for the organisation or on its behalf should be aware of their roles within EMAS and the environmental benefits of the system.
Opredelitev potreb po usposabljanju in ozaveščanju
They should receive, or at least have access to, training on environmental awareness and on the organisation's environmental management system.
Okoljsko ozaveščenost je mogoče doseči z usposabljanjem ali drugimi dejavnostmi, npr. obveščevalnimi kampanjami, anketami itd.
Figure 5
Dejavno udeleženi zaposleni spodbujajo stalne in uspešne izboljšave ter pomagajo pri umestitvi sistema EMAS v organizacijo.
Flow chart diagram on training within the environmental management system
Udeležijo se lahko na primer okoljskega odbora, delovnih skupin, sistemov predlogov, programov spodbud ali drugih dejavnosti.
Planning of training and awareness activities
Zaposlenim bi bilo treba zagotoviti vključitev v razvoj in izvajanje sistema na različnih ravneh.
Training and awareness activities
Sodelujejo lahko na primer pri:
Assessment of training and awareness activities
opredelitvi okoljskih vidikov,
Identification of training and awareness needs
pripravi in pregledu postopkov in/ali navodil,
Environmental awareness can be achieved through training or other activities, such as communication campaigns, surveys, etc.
oblikovanju splošnih in posamičnih okoljskih ciljev,
Actively involved employees are a driving force for continuous, successful improvement, and they help to anchor EMAS in the organisation.
postopku notranje presoje,
They can become involved through, for instance, an environmental committee, working groups, by suggestion systems, incentive programmes or other activities.
pripravi okoljske izjave EMAS.
There should be roles for employees at different levels within the development and implementation of the system.
Vodstvo mora zaposlenim stalno posredovati povratne informacije ter se truditi pridobiti takšne informacije od zaposlenih.
They could, for instance, be involved in:
Komunikacija
Identifying environmental aspects;
Učinkovito notranje in zunanje komuniciranje, ki poteka v obe smeri, je bistveno za uspešno izvajanje sistema okoljskega ravnanja, registriranega v sistemu EMAS.
Drawing up and revising procedures and/or instructions;
Organizacija mora priznati potrebo po komuniciranju z zainteresiranimi stranmi o okoljskih vprašanjih in vrednost take komunikacije.
Proposing environmental objectives and targets;
Okoljsko izjavo mora objaviti in opredeliti, o katerih informacijah bo obveščala koga.
Taking part in an internal audit process;
Spremljati mora rezultate obveščanja in ugotoviti, ali je bilo učinkovito.
Drafting the EMAS environmental statement.
Notranje komuniciranje bi moralo potekati v obeh smereh (od zgoraj navzdol in od spodaj navzgor).
Management must offer on-going feedback to employees, and seek feedback from them.
To je mogoče doseči z uporabo intraneta, brošur, notranjih publikacij, glasil, škatel za zbiranje predlogov, sestankov, oglasnih desk itd.
Communication
Primeri zunanjega komuniciranja so okoljska izjava EMAS, internet, dnevi ukrepanja, sporočila za medije, brošure in uporaba logotipa EMAS, če je to mogoče in dovoljeno [19].
Good internal and external two-way communication is essential to implement an EMAS-registered environmental management system successfully.
Dokumentacija in kontrola dokumentov
The organisation needs to recognise the need to communicate with stakeholders on environmental issues and the value of doing so.
Obstajati bi morala dokumentacija sistema okoljskega ravnanja, ki vključuje:
It is obliged to make the environmental statement public, and it will need to identify what will be communicated and to whom.
okoljsko politiko,
It will need to monitor the results of its communication and to determine whether it has been effective.
splošne in posamične okoljske cilje,
Internal communication should flow in both directions (top down and bottom up).
opis obsega sistema okoljskega ravnanja,
This can be done by using intranet, brochures, internal publications, newsletters, suggestion boxes, meetings, bulletin boards, etc.
opis glavnih elementov sistema okoljskega ravnanja,
Examples of external communication are the EMAS environmental statement, internet, action days, press releases, brochures and use of the EMAS logo if possible and allowed [19].
vloge, odgovornosti in pooblastila,
Documentation and control of documents
postopek nadzora nad delovanjem,
There should be documentation on the environmental management system, covering the following:
postopke delovanja,
Environmental policy;
navodila za delo.
Environmental objectives and targets;
Dokumentacija bi morala biti jasna in dosledna, da se preprečijo nejasnosti ali nesporazumi.
Description of the scope of the environmental management system;
Dokumenti EMAS se lahko vključijo v druge sisteme ravnanja (v zvezi s kakovostjo, energijo, zdravjem in varnostjo itd.) ali obratno zaradi izboljšav, preprečevanja podvojitev in zmanjšanja birokracije.
Description of the main elements of the environmental management system;
MSP bi morala svojemu osebju dati na voljo jasno in enostavno dokumentacijo, preprosto za uporabo.
Roles, responsibilities and authorities;
Navodila za okoljsko ravnanje
Procedure for managing operational control;
Ni treba, da so dolga in zapletena.
Operational procedures;
S pomočjo teh navodil naj bi osebje lažje razumelo, kako je sistem okoljskega ravnanja v organizaciji zasnovan in organiziran, kako so različni deli sistema okoljskega ravnanja med seboj povezani in kakšno vlogo v sistemu imajo določeni posamezniki.
Work instructions.
Navodila niso obvezna, vendar se večina organizacij odloči zanje.
SMEs should aim to offer their staff clear, simple, easy-to-use documentation.
To so na primer postopki za:
Environmental management manual
določitev in oceno znatnih vidikov,
This covers the environmental policy, environmental protocols and activities.
upravljanje skladnosti z zakonodajo,
It should be integrated into the organisation's annual management plan.
upravljanje določenih znatnih okoljskih vidikov,
The manual does not need to be long and complex.
upravljanje spremljanja in meritev,
It should help staff to understand how the organisation has set up and structured its environmental management system, how the different parts of the environmental management system are interrelated and what the roles of particular individuals are within the scheme.
upravljanje pripravljenosti na izredne razmere,
This manual is not obligatory, though most organisations opt to have one.
upravljanje neskladnosti, korektivnih ukrepov in preventivnih ukrepov,
Procedures
določitev in upravljanje kompetentnosti, usposabljanja in ozaveščenosti,
Documents on procedures describe HOW, WHEN and by WHOM, specific actions have to be carried out.
upravljanje obveščanja,
Examples are procedures for:
upravljanje dokumentov,
identifying and evaluating significant aspects;
upravljanje evidence,
managing legal compliance;
upravljanje notranjih presoj.
managing the identified significant environmental aspects;
Navodila za delo
managing monitoring and measurements;
Navodila za delo morajo biti jasna in razumljiva.
managing emergency preparedness;
V njih bi morali biti navedeni namen dejavnosti, okoljsko tveganje v zvezi z njo, posebno usposabljanje osebja, odgovornega za izvajanje dejavnosti, in način nadzora dejavnosti.
managing non-conformities, preventive and corrective actions;
Navodila se lahko ponazorijo s slikami, piktogrami ali na druge načine, s čimer se omogoči, da jih zaposleni lažje razumejo.
identifying and managing competence, training and awareness;
Upravljanje dokumentov
managing communication;
Organizacija mora vzpostaviti, izvajati in vzdrževati postopek za upravljanje dokumentov, pripravljenih v okviru sistema okoljskega ravnanja.
managing documents;
Posebno pozornost bi bilo treba nameniti evidenci (glej oddelek 2.2.5.4).
managing records;
Ta postopek mora vključevati:
managing internal audits.
Slika 6
Work instructions
Postopek za upravljanje dokumentov v okviru sistema okoljskega ravnanja
Work instructions must be clear and easy to understand.
Pripava dokumenta za system okoljskega ravnanja
They should explain the relevance of an activity, the environmental risk associated with it, specific training for staff responsible for carrying it out, and how it is to be supervised.
Nadzor nad dokumentom
It may be useful to illustrate it with pictures, pictograms or other ways of ensuring all employees can readily understand the instructions.
Izločitev prejšnje različice
Managing documents
Razdelitev dokumenta osebju
The organisation has to set up, implement and maintain a procedure to manage documents drafted for the environmental management system.
Odobritev dokumenta
Specific attention should be paid to records (see 2.2.5.4).
Pregled in po potrebi sprememba dokumenta
This will require a procedure to:
V okviru sistema bi bilo treba zagotoviti, da so na voljo vse različice dokumentov, dokumenti pa ostanejo čitljivi in zlahka opredeljivi.
Figure 6
Vključijo se lahko dokumenti zunanjega izvora, ker so pogosto bistveni za pravilno delovanje sistema okoljskega ravnanja.
Process to manage documents within an environmental management system
V take dokumente so lahko vključene informacije lokalnih organov in javnih uprav, informacije iz navodil za uporabo opreme, varnostnih listov itd.
Control it
Nadzor nad delovanjem
Eliminate the old version
V okviru nadzora nad delovanjem se opredeljuje in načrtuje delovanje, ki je povezano z znatnimi okoljskimi vidiki v skladu s politiko ter splošnimi in posamičnimi cilji (glej sliko 7).
Distribute it among the staff
Zajema lahko tudi dejavnosti, kot so vzdrževanje, zagon in zaustavitev opreme, vodenje pogodbenih izvajalcev na kraju samem in storitve dobaviteljev ali prodajalcev.
Approve it
Vzpostaviti je treba postopke za obravnavanje opredeljenih tveganj, postavljanje posamičnih ciljev in merjenje okoljske uspešnosti (po možnosti z jasno opredeljenimi okoljskimi kazalniki).
Create an EMS document
V postopkih morajo biti opredeljene običajne razmere.
Review it and modify it if necessary
Opredeliti in opisati je treba neobičajne in izredne razmere.
The system should ensure that different versions of documents remain available, and that documents remain legible and readily identifiable.
Postopke nadzora nad delovanjem bi bilo treba dobro dokumentirati in notranje presoditi.
Documents from external sources can be included, as they are often essential to ensuring the environmental management system works correctly.
Slika 7
Such documents could include information from local authorities and public administrations, equipment user manuals, health and safety sheets, etc.
Okoljski vidiki
Operational control
Določitev meril za delovanje
Operational control involves identifying and planning operations that are associated with the significant environmental aspects consistent with the policy, objectives and targets (see figure 7).
Pripravljenost in odziv na izredne razmere
It might also cover activities such as equipment maintenance, start-up and shutdown, management of onsite contractors, and services provided by suppliers or vendors.
Organizacija mora vzpostaviti, izvajati in vzdrževati postopke za opredeljevanje morebitnih izrednih razmer in nesreč, da se:
There need to be procedures to address identified risks, to set targets and to measure environmental performance (preferably through clear environmental indicators).
zmanjša tveganje za nesrečo,
The procedures must define normal conditions.
opiše odziv organizacije v primeru nesreče,
Abnormal conditions and emergencies must be defined and described.
preprečijo ali zmanjšajo povezani škodljivi vplivi na okolje.
Operational control procedures should be well documented and submitted to internal audits.
Načrt ukrepov ob nesrečah je bistven v industriji in organizacijah, v katerih se izvajajo morebitno tvegane dejavnosti.
Figure 7
Organizacija mora periodično pregledovati svojo pripravljenost na izredne razmere (vključno z ustreznim usposabljanjem) in postopke odzivanja nanje.
Set up operating criteria
Po potrebi, zlasti po izrednih razmerah ali nesrečah, jih mora popraviti.
Control objectives and targets
Tudi postopke bi bilo treba periodično preskušati.
Emergency preparedness and response
Slika 8
The organisation has to draw up, implement and maintain procedures to identify potential emergencies and potential accidents to:
Načrti ukrepov ob izrednih razmerah
Avoid the risk of an accident;
Načrti ukre-pov ob izred-nih razmerah
Describe how the organisation responds to accidents;
Preskušanje usposabljanje in pregledovanje
Prevent or mitigate associated adverse environmental impacts.
Periodični pregled
The emergency plan is essential in industry and in organisations involved in potentially risky activities.
Ocena vplivov na okolje
The organisation must periodically review its emergency preparedness (including appropriate training) and its response procedures.
Opredelitev morebitnih nesreč in izrednih razmer
It should revise them if necessary, particularly after emergencies or accidents.
Preventivni ukrepi
Procedures should also be tested periodically.
Preverjanje 2.2.5.1 Spremljanje in merjenje
Figure 8
Organizacija mora vzpostaviti, izvajati in vzdrževati postopek za redno spremljanje in merjenje glavnih parametrov, kot so količine emisij v zrak, odpadkov, vode in hrupa, da se iz ugotovitev pridobi dodana vrednost.
Emergency plans Periodic revision
Poročanje o glavnih kazalnikih uspešnosti je obvezno (glej oddelek 2.3.2).
Environmental impact evaluation
Upoštevati je treba zakonske zahteve o spremljanju, z njimi pa morajo biti usklajena tudi merila za spremljanje, kot sta pogostost inšpekcijskih pregledov in metodologija.
Identification of potential accidents and emergencies
Koristno je zagotoviti informacije o:
Emergency plans
izpolnjevanju zakonskih zahtev in skladnosti s predpisi,
Preventive measures
natančnem vrednotenju okoljske uspešnosti,
Testing, training and reviewing
celoviti in pregledni izjavi EMAS.
Checking
Odvisno od potreb organizacije je mogoče meriti in spremljati tudi druge dejavnike:
Monitoring and measurement
znatne okoljske vidike,
The organisation needs to draw up, implement and maintain a procedure to monitor and measure significant parameters such as air emissions, waste, water and noise regularly to gain added value from the findings.
okoljsko politiko in splošne cilje,
Reporting on core performance indicators is an obligation (see 2.3.2).
raven ozaveščenosti zaposlenih itd.
Legal requirements on monitoring have to be taken into account, and monitoring criteria such as the frequency of inspections and the methodology must comply with them.
Merilno opremo je treba redno umerjati, da je v skladu z zakonodajo in omogoča pridobivanje natančnih rezultatov.
Information on these is useful to ensure:
Ocena izpolnjevanja zakonskih zahtev
Compliance with legal requirements and regulations;
Ključna zahteva iz uredbe EMAS je izpolnjevanje zakonskih zahtev, brez katerega se organizacija ne more registrirati, zato mora vzpostaviti postopek za reden pregled in ocenjevanje tega izpolnjevanja.
Accurate evaluation of environmental performance;
Najboljši način za to je priprava seznama vse zadevne zakonodaje in posebnih zahtev, ki se nato primerja s posebnimi okoliščinami organizacije (glej tabelo 6).
A complete and transparent EMAS statement.
Večje in bolj zapletene organizacije bodo morda morale uporabiti podatkovne zbirke ali najeti zunanjo pomoč.
Depending on the organisation's needs, other factors can also be measured and monitored:
Če preveritelj ugotovi neskladja, ki niso bila odpravljena, ne sme potrditi okoljske izjave ali podpisati končne izjave (Priloga VII).
Significant environmental aspects;
Tabela 6
Environmental policy and objectives;
Primer enostavne ocene izpolnjevanja zakonskih zahtev
Level of awareness among employees, etc.
Veljavna okoljska zakonodaja
Measuring equipment must be calibrated on a regular basis to comply with legislation and to obtain accurate results.
Posebne zahteve
Evaluation of legal compliance
Stanje v organizaciji
Legal compliance is a key requirement of the EMAS regulation and an organisation cannot register without it, so it has to have a procedure to review and evaluate this regularly.
Rezultat
This is best done by making a list of all relevant legislation and specific requirements, then comparing this to the organisation's specific circumstances (see table 6).
Zakonodaja o odpadkih
Larger, more complex organisations may need to use databases or seek external assistance.
dovoljenje za proizvodnjo odpadkov
If the verifier finds instances of non-compliance that have not been corrected, they are not allowed to validate an environmental statement or to sign the final declaration (Annex VII).
ravnanje z odpadki
Table 6
poteklo dovoljenje
Example of simple legal compliance evaluation
ravnanje z odpadki je pod nadzorom
Applicable environmental legislation
obnoviti dovoljenje
Specific requirement
Zakonodaja o emisijah v zrak
Status of the organisation
omejitve emisij (NOx, SOx, delcev itd.)
Result
dovoljenje za ogrevalne kotle
Waste law
v okviru omejitev
Permit for waste production
obnovljeno dovoljenje
Waste management
Zakonodaja o hrupu
Outdated permit
omejitev hrupa na območju
Waste management under control
pod dovoljeno ravnijo
Get an updated permit
Zakonodaja o čiščenju vode
Air emissions law
posebno čiščenje (odstranjevanje P in N)
Emission limits (NOx, SOx, particles, etc.)
omejitve odplak
Permit for boilers
dovoljenje za emisije v vodotoke
Under the limits
se še ne izvaja
Permit updated
nepopolno izpolnjevanje
Noise law
dovoljenje ni obnovljeno
Noise limit in the area
izboljšati stanje
Under the level permitted
Zakonodaja o toplogrednih plinih
Water treatment law
dodeljene omejitve emisij toplogrednih plinov
Specific treatment (elimination of P and N)
v okviru omejitve
Effluent limits
Prodati je mogoče nekaj pravic do emisij toplogrednih plinov.
Permit for emission to watercourse
Neskladnost, korektivni in preventivni ukrepi
Not in place yet
Organizacija mora vzpostaviti, izvajati in vzdrževati postopek za obravnavanje dejanskih in morebitnih primerov neskladnosti z zahtevami EMAS.
Not in full compliance
Postopek mora vključevati načine za:
Permit not updated
opredeljevanje in odpravljanje napak pri primeru,
Correct the situation
preiskavo vzroka in učinkov primera,
GHG laws
ocenjevanje potreb za ukrepanje, da se prepreči ponovitev,
Limits of GHG allocated
evidentiranje rezultatov izvedenih korektivnih ukrepov,
Under the limit
ocenjevanje potreb za ukrepe, da se preprečijo primeri neskladnosti,
It's possible to sell some emission allowances
izvajanje ustreznih preventivnih ukrepov, da se preprečijo taki primeri, in
Non-conformity, corrective and preventive actions
pregledovanje učinkovitosti izvedenih korektivnih in preventivnih ukrepov.
The organisation has to set up, implement and maintain a procedure for dealing with cases and potential cases of non-conformity, with EMAS requirements.
Neskladnost pomeni kakršno koli neizpolnjevanje osnovnih zahtev, določenih v postopkih in tehničnih navodilih.
The procedure must include ways of:
Neskladnosti lahko nastanejo zaradi človeške napake ali napake pri izvajanju.
Identifying and correcting the case;
Spremembe za odpravo in preprečevanje neskladnosti je treba izvesti čim prej.
Investigating the cause and effects of the case;
Neskladnosti je mogoče ugotoviti z:
Evaluating the need for action to avoid recurrence;
nadzorom nad delovanjem,
Recording the results of corrective action taken;
notranjo/zunanjo presojo,
Evaluating the need for measures to prevent cases of non-conformity;
vodstvenim pregledom ali
Implementing appropriate preventive action to avoid such cases; and
v okviru vsakodnevnih dejavnosti.
Reviewing the effectiveness of corrective and preventive action.
Korektivni in preventivni ukrepi
Non-conformity means any kind of non-fulfilment with the basic requirements specified in procedures and technical instructions.
Predstavnika vodstva EMAS je treba obvestiti o neskladnostih, da lahko odloči, ali je treba izvesti korektivne ukrepe, če je to primerno.
Non-conformities may be the result of human or implementation error.
Kadar so bile ugotovljene morebitne neskladnosti, je treba predstavnika vodstva EMAS obvestiti o njih, da lahko odloči, ali je treba sprejeti preventivne ukrepe, če je to primerno.
Changes to correct and avoid recurrence must be made as soon as possible.
Pregled evidenc
Non-conformities may be detected through:
Organizacija mora vzpostaviti sistem za vzdrževanje evidenc za dokazovanje, da izpolnjuje zahteve svojega sistema okoljskega ravnanja.