natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Should a significant compliance issue occur involving the personal information of any person collected as a result of signals intelligence activities, the issue must, in addition to any existing reporting requirements, be reported promptly to the DNI.
To pooblastilo ne velja za uveljavljanje zakonov o konkurenci.
If the issue involves the personal information of a non-U.S. person, the DNI, in consultation with the Secretary of State and the head of the relevant IC element, will determine whether steps should be taken to notify the relevant foreign government, consistent with the protection of sources and methods and of U.S. personnel.
Glej zbirko zveznih predpisov št. 45, točke 160, 162 in 164.
Moreover, as directed by PPD-28, the Secretary of State has identified a senior official, Under Secretary Catherine Novelli, to serve as a point of contact for foreign governments that wish to raise concerns regarding signals intelligence activities of the United States.
Glej člen 1810 naslova 50 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
This commitment to high-level engagement exemplifies the efforts the U.S. government has made over the past few years to instill confidence in the numerous and overlapping privacy protections in place for U.S. person and non-U.S. person information.
Glej člen 2712 naslova 18 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
e.
Glej člen 1806 naslova 50 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
Summary
Glej člen 1809 naslova 50 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
The United States' processes for collecting, retaining, and disseminating foreign intelligence provide important privacy protections for the personal information of all persons, regardless of nationality.
Glej člene 3401 do 3422 naslova 12 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
In particular, these processes ensure that our Intelligence Community focuses on its national security mission as authorized by applicable laws, executive orders, and presidential directives; safeguards information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure; and conducts its activities under multiple layers of review and oversight, including by congressional oversight committees.
Glej člen 1801 et seq naslova 50 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
PPD-28 and the procedures implementing it represent our efforts to extend certain minimization and other substantial data protection principles to the personal information of all persons regardless of nationality.
Id. na strani 8; Člen 1881a(l) naslova 50 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA; glej tudi Poročilo direktorja NSA za državljanske svoboščine in zasebnost, „Izvajanje člena 702 zakona o nadzoru tujih obveščevalnih podatkov s strani NSA“ (v nadaljnjem besedilu „poročilo NSA“) na strani 4, na voljo na http://icontherecord.tumblr.com/ppd-28/2015/privacy-civil-liberties.
Personal information obtained through U.S. signals intelligence collection is subject to the principles and requirements of U.S. law and Presidential direction, including the protections set forth in PPD-28.
Glej člen 1881(l) naslova 50 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA; glej tudi poročilo PCLOB na straneh 66–76.
These principles and requirements ensure that all persons are treated with dignity and respect, regardless of their nationality or wherever they might reside, and recognize that all persons have legitimate privacy interests in the handling of their personal information.
Glej člen 3414 naslova 12 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA; člena 1681u in 1681v naslova 15 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA in člen 2709 naslova 18 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT — SECTION 702
Sodne pozive v zvezi z nacionalno varnostjo praviloma uporablja Zvezni preiskovalni urad za zbiranje nevsebinskih informacij v začetnih fazah preiskav v boju proti terorizmu in protiobveščevalni dejavnosti – kot je identiteta naročnika računa, ki morda komunicira z agenti teroristične skupine, kot je Islamska država.
Collection under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [11] is not ‘mass and indiscriminate’ but is narrowly focused on the collection of foreign intelligence from individually identified legitimate targets; is clearly authorized by explicit statutory authority; and is subject to both independent judicial supervision and substantial review and oversight within the Executive Branch and Congress.
Člen 2000ee(a) in (h) naslova 42 Zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
Collection under Section 702 is considered signals intelligence subject to the requirements of PPD-28 [12].
Člen 2000ee(k) naslova 42 Zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
Collection under Section 702 is one of the most valuable sources of intelligence protecting both the United States and our European partners.
Člen 2000ee(d)(2) naslova 42 Zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
Extensive information about the operation and oversight of Section 702 is publicly available.
Člen 2000ee(d)(1) naslova 42 Zakonodajne zbirke ZDA; glej tudi PCLOB Advisory Function Policy and Procedure, Policy 2015-004 (Politika in postopek za svetovalno funkcijo PCLOB, politika št. 2015-004), na voljo na: https://www.pclob.gov/library/Policy-Advisory_Function_Policy_Procedure.pdf.
Numerous court filings, judicial decisions and oversight reports relating to the program have been declassified and released on the ODNI's public disclosure website, www.icontherecord.tumblr.com.
Člen 2000ee(g)(1)(A) naslova 42 Zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
Moreover, Section 702 was comprehensively analyzed by the PCLOB, in a report which is available at https://www.pclob.gov/library/702-Report.pdf [13].
Člen 2000ee(g)(1)(B) naslova 42 Zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
Section 702 was passed as part of the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 [14], after extensive public debate in Congress.
Člen 2000ee(g)(1)(D) naslova 42 Zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
Section 702 authorizes the Attorney General and the DNI — two Cabinet-level officials appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate — to submit annual certifications to the FISA Court [15].
Ta pregled ne opisuje preiskovalnih orodij za nacionalno varnost, ki jih uporabljajo organi kazenskega pregona pri terorističnih in drugih preiskavah v zvezi z nacionalno varnostjo, vključno s sodnimi pozivi v zvezi z nacionalno varnostjo (NSL) za določene informacije v poročilih o kreditni sposobnosti, finančnih podatkih in elektronskih podatkih o naročnikih in poslih, glej člen 3414 naslova 12 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA; člen 1681u naslova 15 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA; člen 1681v naslova 15 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA; člen 2709 naslova 18 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA, in za elektronski nadzor, naloge za preiskavo, poslovne knjige in drugo zbiranje komunikacij v skladu z zakonom o nadzoru tujih obveščevalnih podatkov, glej člen 1801 et seq naslova 50 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
These certifications identify specific categories of foreign intelligence to be collected, such as intelligence related to counterterrorism or weapons of mass destruction, which must fall within the categories of foreign intelligence defined by the FISA statute [16].
ODNI, Safeguarding the Personal Information of all People: A Status Report on the Development and Implementation of Procedures under Presidential Policy Directive 28 (Varstvo osebnih informacij vseh: Poročilo o stanju na področju razvoja in izvajanja postopkov na podlagi Predsedniške politične direktive št. 28), str. 7.
The basis for selection of the target must be documented, and the documentation for every selector is subsequently reviewed by the Department of Justice [21].
Glej npr. zakon o oživljanju gospodarstva in ponovnih naložbah v ZDA (American Recovery & Reinvestment Act) iz leta 2009, zbirka aktov Kongresa s področja javnega prava št. 111-5, 123 zakon št. 115 (2009) in ustrezne predpise, zbirka zveznih predpisov št. 45, členi 164.404 do 164.414; zbirka zveznih predpisov št. 16, točka 318.
The U.S.
Urad za izvrševanje in postopke v letalstvu (Office of Aviation Enforcement and Proceedings ali Aviation Enforcement Office) v okviru Ministrstva opravlja preiskave in pregon po členu 41712 naslova 49 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
For example, communications acquired under Section 702, whether of U.S. persons or non-U.S. persons, are stored in databases with strict access controls.
Glej člen 552(b) naslova 5 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
They may be reviewed only by intelligence personnel who have been trained in the privacy-protective minimization procedures and who have been specifically approved for that access in order to carry out their authorized functions [24].
To pooblastilo se pogosto uporabi, kadar je potrebna fizična preiskava prostorov s strani policije zaradi nevarnosti, da bodo uničeni dokazi, če bo korporaciji vročen sodni poziv ali drugi nalog za predložitev.
Use of the data is limited to identification of foreign intelligence information or evidence of a crime [25].
Glede na oceno nacionalnih organov za varstvo podatkov generalni inšpektorji „večinoma izpolnjujejo merilo glede organizacijske neodvisnosti, kot ga opredeljujeta Sodišče Evropske unije in Evropsko sodišče za človekove pravice (ESČP), vsaj od trenutka, ko se za vse uporablja nov postopek imenovanja“.
Pursuant to PPD-28, this information may be disseminated only if there is a valid foreign intelligence or law enforcement purpose; the mere fact that one party to the communication is not a U.S. person is not sufficient [26].
Člen 45(m) naslova 15 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA.
As noted above, the Court must review the annual certifications and targeting and minimization procedures for compliance with the law.
Od upravljavcev podatkov v EU se vedno zahteva podpis pogodbe, kadar se podatki prenašajo zgolj zaradi obdelave, bodisi da se obdelujejo znotraj bodisi zunaj EU, in ne glede na to, ali izvajalec obdelave sodeluje v zasebnostnem ščitu ali ne.
In addition, as also noted above, the Government is required to notify the Court immediately of compliance issues [30], and several Court opinions have been declassified and released showing the exceptional degree of judicial scrutiny and independence it exercises in reviewing those incidents.
Zvezna komisija za trgovino bo prav tako tesno sodelovala z organi EU za zaščito podatkov, da bi zagotovila pomoč pri uveljavljanju.
The Court's exacting processes have been described by its former Presiding Judge in a letter to Congress that has been publicly released [31].
Gospodarski in poklicni zakonik Kalifornije, členi 22575 do 22579.
And as a result of the USA FREEDOM Act, described below, the Court is now explicitly authorized to appoint an outside lawyer as an independent advocate on behalf of privacy in cases that present novel or significant legal issues [32].
Civilni zakonik Kalifornije, členi 1798.80 do 1798.84.
The USA FREEDOM Act, signed into law in June 2015, significantly modified U.S. surveillance and other national security authorities, and increased public transparency on the use of these authorities and on decisions of the FISA Court, as set out below [37].
Robert S. Litt,
The Act ensures that our intelligence and law enforcement professionals have the authorities they need to protect the Nation, while further ensuring that individuals' privacy is appropriately protected when these authorities are employed.
Glej Zbirko aktov Kongresa s področja javnega prava, št. 113-293, str. 128, zakon 3990 (2014).
It enhances privacy and civil liberties and increases transparency.
Predsednik ne imenuje le generalnih inšpektorjev za obrambno obveščevalno agencijo in za nacionalno agencijo za geoprostorske obveščevalne podatke; vendar sta generalni inšpektor za ministrstvo za obrambo in generalni inšpektor za obveščevalno skupnost sočasno pristojna za ti agenciji.
The Act prohibits bulk collection of any records, including of both U.S. and non-U.S. persons, pursuant to various provisions of FISA or through the use of National Security Letters, a form of statutorily authorized administrative subpoenas [38].
Glej člen 5318 naslova 31 zakonodajne zbirke ZDA, 31 C.F.R.
This prohibition specifically includes telephone metadata relating to calls between persons inside the U.S. and persons outside the U.S., and would also include collection of Privacy Shield information pursuant to these authorities.
poseg v izvrševanje ali uveljavljanje prava ali v zasebne pravne interese, vključno s preprečevanjem, preiskovanjem ali odkrivanjem kaznivih dejanj in pravico do poštenega sojenja;
In addition, the Intelligence Community has substantially increased its disclosure of statistics on the government's use of national security collection authorities.
vrstah zbranih osebnih podatkov in, kjer je primerno, o subjektih in podružnicah organizacije, ki prav tako spoštujejo načela,
Taken as a whole, U.S. intelligence activities are as transparent as or more transparent than those of any other nation in the world and are as transparent as it is possible to be consistent with the need to protect sensitive sources and methods.
Pri občutljivih podatkih (tj. osebnih podatkih, ki določajo zdravniško in zdravstveno stanje, rasno in etnično pripadnost, politična, verska in filozofska prepričanja, sindikalno članstvo, in podatkih o spolnem življenju posameznika) morajo organizacije od posameznikov pridobiti izrecno pozitivno soglasje (privolitev), kadar je takšne podatke treba (i) razkriti tretji stranki ali (ii) jih uporabiti za namen, ki ni tisti, za katerega so bili prvotno zbrani ali so ga posamezniki pozneje odobrili s svojo izbiro privolitve.
We have also released reports on intelligence agencies' compliance with applicable restrictions.
Informacije se lahko hranijo v obliki, s katero je posameznik določen ali določljiv [3], le dokler služijo namenu obdelave v smislu točke 5a.
Senior intelligence officials regularly speak publicly about the roles and activities of their organizations, including descriptions of the compliance regimes and safeguards that govern their work.
potrebna za uveljavitev pravnih zahtevkov ali obrambe;
The IC is now required by law to release significant legal opinions issued by the FISA Court, or summaries of those opinions.
a.
This extensive transparency will continue going forward.
Podobno bo morala organizacija v zasebnostnem ščitu, ki je vpletena v morebitno združitev ali prevzem, izvesti ali prestati „skrbni pregled“.
The annual review between Commerce and the European Commission on the implementation of the Privacy Shield will provide an opportunity for the European Commission to discuss any questions raised by any new information released, as well as any other matters concerning the Privacy Shield and its operation, and we understand that the Department may, in its discretion, invite representatives of other agencies, including the IC, to participate in that review.
Investicijske banke in odvetniki, najeti za skrbni pregled, ali revizorji, ki izvajajo revizijo, lahko obdelujejo podatke brez vednosti posameznika samo v takšnem obsegu in tako dolgo, kolikor je potrebno, da se zadosti zakonskim ali javnim interesom, ter v drugih okoliščinah, v katerih bi uporaba teh načel škodovala zakonitim interesom organizacije.
This is, of course, in addition to the mechanism provided in PPD-28 for EU Member States to raise surveillance-related concerns with a designated State Department official.
Praviloma si bo forum prizadeval zagotoviti nasvet v 60 dneh po prejetju pritožbe ali posredovanega stališča in po možnosti še prej.
V. REDRESS
Kakor je navedeno zgoraj, se morajo organizacije, ki se odločijo za tak način reševanja sporov, zavezati, da bodo ravnale po nasvetu organov za zaščito podatkov.
U.S. law provides a number of avenues of redress for individuals who have been the subject of unlawful electronic surveillance for national security purposes.
Če organizacija tudi po 25 dneh po prejemu nasveta ne ravna v skladu z njim in če ne ponudi zadovoljive razlage za zamudo, forum sporoči svojo namero, da bo predložil zadevo Zvezni komisiji za trgovino, Ministrstvu za promet ali drugemu zveznemu ali državnemu organu ZDA, ki ima zakonska pooblastila za pregon v primeru goljufije ali zavajanja, ali da bo sklenil, da gre za resno kršitev sporazuma o sodelovanju, ki ga je zato treba šteti za ničnega in neveljavnega.
Under FISA, the right to seek relief in U.S. court is not limited to U.S. persons.
V slednjem primeru bo forum obvestil Ministrstvo za trgovino, da ustrezno spremeni seznam zasebnostnega ščita.
An individual who can establish standing to bring suit would have remedies to challenge unlawful electronic surveillance under FISA.
d. Organizacija, ki želi ugodnosti po zasebnostnem ščitu za podatke o človeških virih, ki se prenesejo iz EU v okviru zaposlitvenega razmerja, se mora zavezati k sodelovanju z organi za zaščito podatkov v zvezi s takšnimi podatki (glej dopolnilno načelo v zvezi s podatki o človeških virih).
For example, FISA allows persons subjected to unlawful electronic surveillance to sue U.S. government officials in their personal capacities for money damages, including punitive damages and attorney's fees.
e.
§ 1810.
Organizacije, ki se bodo odločile za sodelovanje, bodo morale plačati letno pristojbino za pokrivanje stroškov delovanja foruma, dodatno pa so lahko zaprošene za kritje vseh potrebnih stroškov za prevajanje, ki izhajajo iz obravnave forumu predloženih stališč ali pritožb posameznikov zoper organizacije.
Individuals who can establish their standing to sue also have a civil cause of action for money damages, including litigation costs, against the United States when information about them obtained in electronic surveillance under FISA has been unlawfully and willfully used or disclosed.
posebno zakonsko telo, ki je pristojno za obravnavanje morebitnih pritožb proti organizaciji v zvezi z morebitno nepošteno ali zavajajočo prakso in kršitvami zakonov ali predpisov, ki urejajo zasebnost (in ki je navedena na seznamu načel ali v prihodnji prilogi k načelom);
See 18 U.S.C.
metodo preverjanja (npr. znotraj organizacije, tretja stran) (glej dopolnilno načelo glede preverjanja); in
§ 2712.
Organizacija mora to navesti tudi v svoji predložitvi samocertifikacije ter se zavezati, da bo sodelovala z zadevnim organom ali organi EU v skladu z dopolnilnimi načeli glede podatkov o človeških virih in vloge organov za zaščito podatkov, kakor primerno, ter da bo upoštevala nasvet, ki ga bo dobila od teh organov.
In the event the government intends to use or disclose any information obtained or derived from electronic surveillance of any aggrieved person under FISA against that person in judicial or administrative proceedings in the United States, it must provide advance notice of its intent to the tribunal and the person, who may then challenge the legality of the surveillance and seek to suppress the information.
d. Ministrstvo bo vzdrževalo seznam organizacij v okviru zasebnostnega ščita, ki predložijo popolne samocertifikacije, s čimer bo zagotovilo razpoložljivost ugodnosti zasebnostnega ščita, ter bo letno ažuriralo podatke na seznamu na podlagi letnih predložitev samocertifikacije in uradnih obvestil, ki jih prejme v skladu z dopolnilnim načelom glede reševanja sporov in uveljavljanja.
§ 1806.
Ob priznavanju, da bodo načela vplivala na trgovinska razmerja s tretjimi strankami, organizacije, ki se potrdijo v okviru zasebnostnega ščita v prvih dveh mesecih po datumu začetka veljavnosti okvira, uskladijo obstoječa trgovinska razmerja s tretjimi strankami z načelom odgovornosti za prenos tretjemu čim prej, vendar najpozneje v devetih mesecih od datuma, na katerega se potrdijo v okviru zasebnostnega ščita.
Finally, FISA also provides criminal penalties for individuals who intentionally engage in unlawful electronic surveillance under color of law or who intentionally use or disclose information obtained by unlawful surveillance.
Kadar organizacije v tem vmesnem obdobju prenesejo podatke tretji stranki, (i) uporabijo načeli obvestila in možnosti izbire, ter (ii) kadar se osebni podatki prenesejo tretji stranki, ki nastopa v vlogi posrednika, zagotovijo, da je posrednik dolžan zagotoviti vsaj enako raven zaščite, kot jo predpisujejo načela.
EU citizens have other avenues to seek legal recourse against U.S. government officials for unlawful government use of or access to data, including government officials who violate the law in the course of unlawful access to or use of information for purported national security purposes.
f.
The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act prohibits intentional unauthorized access (or exceeding authorized access) to obtain information from a financial institution, a U.S. government computer system, or a computer accessed via the internet, as well as threats to damage protected computers for purposes of extortion or fraud.
Organizacija mora za vse osebne podatke, ki jih prejme iz EU na podlagi zasebnostnega ščita, uporabiti načela zasebnostnega ščita.
§ 1030.
Pri podatkih, ki jih organizacija prejme v času, ko uživa ugodnosti zasebnostnega ščita, zavezanost k načelom zasebnostnega ščita ni časovno omejena.
Any person, of whatever nationality, who suffers damage or loss by reason of a violation of this law may sue the violator (including a government official) for compensatory damages and injunctive or other equitable relief under section 1030(g), regardless of whether a criminal prosecution has been pursued, provided the conduct involves at least one of several circumstances set forth in the statute.
Organizacija, ki izstopi iz zasebnostnega ščita, a želi hraniti takšne podatke, mora vsako leto pri Ministrstvu potrditi svojo zavezo, da bo še naprej spoštovala načela ali zagotovila „ustrezno“ zaščito za informacije z drugimi dovoljenimi sredstvi (na primer, s pogodbo, ki v celoti odraža zahteve ustreznih standardnih pogodbenih klavzul, ki jih sprejema Evropska komisija); sicer mora organizacija vrniti ali izbrisati informacije.
The Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) regulates government access to stored electronic communications and transactional records and subscriber information held by third-party communications providers.
V uradnem obvestilu mora tudi navesti, ali bo prevzemna ali združena organizacija (i) še naprej zavezana k načelom zasebnostnega ščita po zakonu o prevzemu ali združitvi ali (ii) se bo odločila, da samocertificira zavezanost k načelom zasebnostnega ščita ali uvede druge varovalke, kot je pisni sporazum, ki bo zagotovil zavezanost k načelom.
ECPA applies to all persons regardless of citizenship and aggrieved persons may receive damages and attorney's fees.
a.
The Right to Financial Privacy Act (RFPA) limits the U.S. government's access to the bank and broker-dealer records of individual customers.
Organizacije morajo zagotoviti postopke za preverjanje resničnosti izjav in zatrjevanj, ki jih dajo organizacije glede svojih praks zasebnosti v okviru zasebnostnega ščita, ter izvajanja teh praks na naveden način in v skladu z načeli zasebnostnega ščita.
In some cases courts have overturned government assertions that information should be withheld as classified [49].
Izjavo o uspešno končanem zunanjem pregledu mora podpisati bodisi izvajalec pregleda bodisi vodstveni delavec ali drug pooblaščeni predstavnik organizacije vsaj enkrat na leto in mora biti na voljo posameznikom na njihovo zahtevo ali organom za preiskavo ali pritožbe zaradi skladnosti z načeli.
Although no monetary damages are available, courts can award attorney's fees.VI.
Na primer kadar je treba določeno informacijo zavarovati in jo je mogoče zlahka ločiti od drugih osebnih informacij, na katere se nanaša zahteva po dostopu, mora organizacija prekriti zaščiteno informacijo in dati na voljo preostale podatke.
The United States only uses signals intelligence to advance its national security and foreign policy interests and to protect its citizens and the citizens of its allies and partners from harm.
i.
Signals intelligence collection only takes place when duly authorized and in a manner that strictly complies with these limitations; only after consideration of the availability of alternative sources, including from diplomatic and public sources; and in a manner that prioritizes appropriate and feasible alternatives.
V skladu z direktivo lahko organizacija omeji dostop do podatkov, samo kadar obstaja verjetnost, da bi njihovo razkritje poseglo v zaščito pomembnih nasprotujočih si javnih interesov, kot je nacionalna varnost, obramba ali javna varnost.