natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
there is no cause to dissociate the preparatory activity of building or enlarging infrastructure from the subsequent commercial use to which it is put;
Razprava se v nadaljevanju dotakne vprašanja, ali naj družba FZG v prihodnje dovoli vojaške vaje na letališču Zweibrücken, kar pomeni, da o zagotavljanju storitev vojski odločata družbi FGAZ/FZG po lastni presoji.
indeed, the nature of the development activity must be determined according to whether or not the subsequent use of the infrastructure which has been built amounts to an economic activity [35].
Poleg tega po mnenju Komisije dejstvo, da Nemčija ni odkrila nobenih stroškov, povezanih z naložbami ali operativnimi stroški, ki bi bili posebej povezani z vojaškimi uporabniki letališča, pomeni, da je vojska le še ena stranka letališča Zweibrücken.
In its judgment in the Leipzig/Halle Airport case, the General Court clarified that the operation of an airport is an economic activity, of which the construction of airport infrastructure is an inseparable part.
V sklepu Komisija zagotavljanje letaliških storitev vojski obravnava kot gospodarsko dejavnost na letališču Zweibrücken, pri čemer zlasti poudarja nezmožnost opredelitve stroškov, ki so posebej povezani s prisotnostjo vojske na letališču Zweibrücken, in (delno) gospodarsko upravičenost, ki jo družbi FGAZ/FZG navajata glede zagotavljanja storitev vojski.
Finally, it must be pointed out that offering airport services for general aviation purposes also constitutes an economic activity.
Tudi v hipotetičnem scenariju, tj., če bi Komisija ugotovila, da bi stroške, ki nastanejo zaradi prisotnosti vojske, lahko krila država, ker so v pristojnosti javne politike, bi bilo treba vseeno upoštevati, da javno financiranje letališke negospodarske dejavnosti, povezane z zagotavljanjem storitev vojski, ne bi smelo voditi v navzkrižno subvencioniranje gospodarskih dejavnosti letališča.
The same is true as regards the provision of airport services to military users for remuneration [36].
Zlasti ne bi bilo mogoče šteti, da celotna naložba v sredstva, ki jih uporablja tudi vojska (vzletno-pristajalna steza itd.), ali fiksni operativni stroški spadajo v pristojnost javne politike.
FGAZ/FZG therefore already engaged in an economic activity before 2006.
Državna sredstva in odgovornost države
It is therefore concluded that from 12 December 2000 onward, FGAZ/FZG were engaged in an economic activity and constitute, as a single economic unit, an undertaking for the purposes of Article 107(1) of the Treaty.
Da bi zadevni ukrepi pomenili državno pomoč, se morajo financirati z državnimi sredstvi, odločitev o odobritvi ukrepa pa mora biti pripisljiva državi.
Public policy remit
Pojem državne pomoči se uporablja za vsako prednost, ki jo iz državnih sredstev dodeli država sama ali posrednik, ki deluje na podlagi dodeljenih pooblastil [45].
While FGAZ/FZG must therefore be considered to constitute an undertaking for the purposes of Article 107(1) of the Treaty, it must be recalled that not all activities of an airport owner and operator are necessarily of an economic nature [37].
Za uporabo člena 107 Pogodbe so sredstva lokalnih organov državna sredstva [46].
The Court of Justice [38] has held that activities that normally fall under a State's responsibility in the exercise of its official powers as a public authority are not of an economic nature and do not fall within the scope of the rules on State aid.
V tem primeru so bili ustrezni ukrepi, tj. neposredna nepovratna sredstva za naložbe, dodeljena družbi FZG, in letne kapitalske injekcije v korist družb FGAZ/FZG, odobreni neposredno iz proračuna lokalnih organov.
Such activities may include, for example, security, air traffic control, police, customs, etc.
Nepovratna sredstva za naložbe je zagotovila neposredno zvezna dežela Porenje-Pfalška, medtem ko sta kapitalske injekcije sofinancirali zvezna dežela in družba ZEF, tj. združenje lokalnih javnih ozemeljskih podjetij.
The financing has to be strictly limited to compensation of the costs to which they give rise and may not be used instead to fund other economic activities [39].
Zato Komisija meni, da so se naložbe financirale z državnimi sredstvi in jih je mogoče pripisati državi.
Therefore, the financing of activities falling within the public policy remit or of infrastructure directly related to those activities in general does not constitute State aid [40].
Gospodarska prednost
At an airport, activities such as air traffic control, police, customs, firefighting, activities necessary to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference and the investments relating to the infrastructure and equipment necessary to perform those activities are considered in general to be of a non-economic nature [41].
Prednost v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe je vsaka gospodarska korist, ki je podjetje ne bi pridobilo pod običajnimi tržnimi pogoji, tj. brez posredovanja države [47].
However, public financing of non-economic activities necessarily linked to the carrying out of an economic activity must not lead to undue discrimination between airlines and airport managers.
Pomemben je le učinek ukrepa na podjetje, ne pa vzrok ali cilj posredovanja države [48].
Indeed, it is established case law that there is an advantage when public authorities relieve undertakings of the costs inherent to their economic activities [42].
Za prednost gre takrat, kadar se finančni položaj podjetja zaradi posredovanja države izboljša.
Therefore, if in a given legal system it is normal that airlines or airport managers bear the costs of certain services, whereas some airlines or airport managers providing the same services do not have to bear those costs, the latter may enjoy an advantage, even if those services are considered in themselves as non-economic.
Komisija nadalje opozarja, da „kapitala, ki ga da država neposredno ali posredno na razpolago podjetju v okoliščinah, ki ustrezajo običajnim tržnim pogojem, ni mogoče šteti za državno pomoč“ [49].
Therefore, an analysis of the legal framework applicable to the airport operator is necessary in order to assess whether under that legal framework airport managers or airlines are required to bear the costs of the provision of some activities that might be non-economic in themselves but are inherent to the deployment of their economic activities.
Da bi Komisija v tem primeru lahko ocenila, ali sta družbi FGAZ/FZG zaradi javnega financiranja letališča Leipzig/Halle pridobili prednost, ki je po običajnih tržnih pogojih ne bi pridobili, mora primerjati ravnanje javnih organov, ki zagotavljajo neposredna nepovratna sredstva za naložbe in kapitalske injekcije s preskusom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, ki se ravna po dolgoročnih možnostih donosnosti [50].
Germany submitted that the costs arising from the following activities (whether as investment costs or operating expenses) are to be considered as falling within the public policy remit:
Ocena ne sme upoštevati nobenih pozitivnih učinkov na gospodarstvo regije, v kateri je letališče, saj je Sodišče pojasnilo, da je ustrezno vprašanje za uporabo načela udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, ali „bi se v podobnih okoliščinah zasebni delničar na podlagi predvidljivih možnosti donosa, ne glede na vse dejavnike socialne narave oziroma regionalno ali sektorsko politiko, odločil za vpis zadevnega kapitala“ [51].
airport security measures pursuant to §8 Luftsicherheitsgesetz (Air Security Law, hereinafter: ‘LuftSiG’), measures assuring operational safety, air control and air safety measures pursuant to §27c(2) Luftverkehrsgesetz (Air Traffic Law, hereinafter: ‘LuftVG’), meteorological services, and the fire brigade.
Sodišče je v sodbi v zadevi Stardust Marine navedlo, da je „[…] za proučitev, ali je država ravnala kot preudaren vlagatelj, ki deluje pod pogoji tržnega gospodarstva, potrebna umestitev v obdobje, v katerem so bili sprejeti ukrepi finančne podpore, da se oceni gospodarska racionalnost ravnanja države in s tem prepreči kakršna koli ocena na podlagi poznejših razmer“ [52].
The Commission is of the view that measures pursuant to §8 LuftSiG, measures pursuant to §27c(2) LuftVG (including meteorological services), and the fire brigade service can, in principle and subject to the analysis in recitals 195 et seq. below, be considered to constitute activities falling within the public policy remit.
Poleg tega je Sodišče v zadevi EDF razsodilo, da „[…] ekonomske ocene, izvedene po dodelitvi take prednosti, naknadna ugotovitev dejanskega donosa naložbe, ki jo izvede zadevna država članica, ali naknadne utemeljitve dejansko uporabljenega postopka ne morejo zadostovati za dokaz, da je ta država članica pred to dodelitvijo ali sočasno z njo tako odločitev sprejela kot delničarka“ [53].
With respect to measures relating purely to operational safety, however, the Commission considers that ensuring safe operations at the airport is a normal part of the economic activity of operating an airport [43].
Da bi Komisija lahko uporabila načelo udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, mora upoštevati čas sprejetja posameznih sklepov o zagotavljanju javnih sredstev družbama FGAZ/FZG.
Subject to a more detailed review with respect to individual activities and costs, the Commission finds that measures designed to ensure the safety of operations at the airport do not constitute activities falling within the public policy remit.
Komisija mora svojo oceno utemeljiti tudi na informacijah in predpostavkah, ki so bile na voljo ustreznim lokalnim organom v času sprejetja sklepa o finančnih ureditvah zadevnih infrastrukturnih ukrepov.
Any undertaking wishing to operate an airport has to ensure the safety of the installations, such as of the runway and aprons.
Neposredna nepovratna sredstva za naložbe
As regards the legal framework, Germany has submitted that for the fire brigade there are no legal rules strictly imposing those costs on the airport operator.
Komisija ugotavlja, da se je z neposrednimi nepovratnimi sredstvi za naložbe kril delež stroškov naložb, ki sta jih imeli družbi FGAZ/FZG v okviru svojih gospodarskih dejavnosti.
Furthermore, the Commission observes that the remuneration of costs for the fire brigades falls within the legal competence of the Länder and those costs are usually remunerated by the relevant regional authorities.
Upravljavec letališča mora običajno kriti vse stroške, povezane z gradnjo in upravljanjem letališča (razen tistih stroškov, ki so v pristojnosti javne politike in jih upravljavec letališča v skladu z veljavnim pravnim okvirom običajno ne krije), vključno s stroški naložb, tako da sta družbi FGAZ/FZG razbremenjeni teh stroškov, ki bi jih običajno morali kriti sami.
The remuneration is limited to the extent necessary to cover those costs.
Nemčija ni izrecno trdila, da so neposredna nepovratna sredstva za naložbe v skladu z načelom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.
As regards air traffic control and meteorological services, the Commission notes that §27d and §27f LuftVG provide that the costs related to §27c LuftVG are covered by the State for a number of specific airports.
Namesto tega je navedla, da lokalni organi zaprtja letališča niso nikdar videli kot realno možnost in da je bilo glede na potrebo po njegovem obratovanju gospodarsko smiselno, da se letališče odpre tudi za komercialno letalstvo.
While the Commission does not, in this case, need to decide whether the provision may grant an advantage to those airports that profit from State financing pursuant to §27d and §27f LuftVG, it is clear that the law envisages that all other airports have to bear the relevant costs themselves.
Ob drugih priložnostih je Nemčija trdila, da so bile naložbe na letališču posledica želje, da se regija gospodarsko okrepi, in da so bile javne subvencije potrebne, ker prihodki, ustvarjeni na podlagi izkoriščanja letališča v tržne namene, ne bi zadostovali za kritje s tem povezanih stroškov.
In this light, costs related to air traffic control and meteorological services must be considered to constitute normal operating expenses of at least those airports not addressed by §27d and §27f LuftVG.
Nemčija je poudarila tudi, da je infrastruktura potrebna, da se ustvarijo delovna mesta (od skupaj približno 5000 delovnih mest v zvezni deželi Porenje-Pfalška jih je 2708 neposredno in posredno odvisnih od letališča), prihranijo socialni stroški (25 milijonov EUR na leto) in ustvari prihodek od davka.
With respect to measures pursuant to §8 LuftSiG, it appears that Germany considers that all costs related to the measures prescribed therein may be borne by the relevant public authorities.
Poleg tega je navedla mnenji dveh strokovnjakov, ki poudarjata pomen letališča za regionalno gospodarstvo [54].
The Commission notes, however, that pursuant to §8(3) LuftSiG only the costs related to the provision and maintenance of spaces and premises necessary for the performance of the activities listed in §8(1), (2) LuftSiG may be reimbursed.
Vendar se družbeni in regionalni vidiki pri preskusu udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu ne morejo upoštevati.
All other costs must be borne by the airport operator.
Čeprav bi Komisija te družbene in regionalne vidike upoštevala, študije, ki jih je predložila Nemčija, poleg tega kažejo, da je družba FZG junija 2012 na letališču Zweibrücken sama zagotovila 115 delovnih mest.
Hence, to the extent that public financing granted to FGAZ/FZG relieved that undertaking of costs it had to bear pursuant to §8(3) LuftSiG, that public financing is not exempted from scrutiny under Union State aid rules.
Te študije potrjujejo, da komercialno območje okoli spremenjenega letališča skupaj zagotavlja 2708 neposrednih in posrednih delovnih mest.
Conclusions on public policy remit
Vendar se od teh samo 7,8 %, torej 210 delovnih mest, ukvarja s prevozom in skladiščenjem, tj. z dejavnostmi, ki so neposredno povezane s prisotnostjo letališča.
In the light of the above considerations, the Commission finds it appropriate to draw more specific conclusions regarding investment costs and operating expenses allegedly falling with the public policy remit.
Čeprav se načeloma lahko sprejme, da se tudi nepovratna sredstva družbi, ki je v celoti v lasti države, lahko štejejo za naložbe, ki so združljive s trgom, Nemčija ni predložila poslovnega načrta ali predhodnih izračunov o pričakovani donosnosti nepovratnih sredstev za naložbe.
As regards operating expenses incurred between 2000 and 2009, the Commission accepts that operating expenses linked to the fire brigade qualify as public policy remit expenses, in so far as the remuneration of those costs is strictly limited to what is necessary to pursue those activities.
Infrastrukturne naložbe na letališču Zweibrücken vključujejo visoke stroške (glej stroške naložb v preglednici 2 in 3, v katerih niso vključene naložbe v pristojnosti javne politike iz uvodnih izjav 198–200, in naložbe, ki so bile izvedene pred 12. decembrom 2000) in dolgo obdobje negativnih rezultatov (predvidoma vsaj do leta 2015).
As regards operating costs linked to measures taken pursuant to §8 LuftSiG, the Commission considers that only those costs for which the airport operator is entitled to reimbursement pursuant to §8(3) LuftSiG qualify as public policy remit costs.
Kljub velikim negotovostim, ki so neločljivo povezane s projektom, kot je njegova dolgoročnost, ni bilo ne predhodnega poslovnega načrta ne analize občutljivosti glede temeljnih predpostavk o donosnosti.
With respect to air control and air safety measures as well as meteorological services pursuant to §27c(2) LuftVG, and noting that Zweibrücken is not one of the airports for which a corresponding need has been recognised by the Federal government pursuant to §27d(1) and §27f(1) LuftVG, the Commission finds that operating costs linked to air control and air safety measures as well as meteorological services cannot qualify as public policy remit costs.
To ni v skladu z vrsto analize, ki bi jo previden vlagatelj opravil pri takem projektu.
Also, operating costs related to ensuring the operational safety of the airport do not qualify as public policy remit costs.
Komisija ugotavlja, da sta družbi FGAZ/FZG od leta 2000 vsako leto ustvarili izgubo, pri čemer je ta trend naraščal od leta 2005.
Considering investments made between 2000 and 2009, the Commission accepts that investments directly related to the fire brigade qualify as public policy remit expenses.
Prvič, neposredna nepovratna sredstva za naložbe niso bila vračljiva in niso ustvarila donosov iz naložb.
Moreover, the remuneration by the relevant public authorities was limited to the extent necessary to cover those costs.
Drugič, Nemčija ni predložila nobenega dokazila, da so bila nepovratna sredstva družbi FZG dana na voljo po tržnih pogojih.
As regards investments linked to measures taken pursuant to §8 LuftSiG, the Commission considers that only those costs for which the airport operator is entitled to reimbursement pursuant to §8(3) LuftSiG qualify as public policy remit costs.
Tretjič, Nemčija ne uveljavlja načela udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.
With respect to investments linked to air control and air safety measures as well as meteorological services pursuant to §27c(2) LuftVG, and noting that Zweibrücken is not one of the airports for which a corresponding need has been recognised by the Federal government pursuant to §27d and §27f LuftVG, the Commission finds that investments linked to air traffic control and air safety measures as well as meteorological services cannot qualify as public policy remit costs.
Zato Komisija ugotavlja, da je bila z neposrednimi nepovratnimi sredstvi za naložbe, ki jih je zvezna dežela dodelila družbi FZG po 12. decembru 2000, slednji zagotovljena gospodarska prednost (ker nepovratna sredstva za naložbe niso bila v celoti povezana z dejavnostmi, ki so v pristojnosti javne politike, kot je sklenjeno v uvodnih izjavah 198, 199 in 200).
Also, investments related to ensuring the operational safety of the airport do not qualify as public policy remit costs.
Enkratne kapitalske injekcije
In particular, this means that the investments into the modernisation and extension of the runway, as well as the installation of guard lights etc., cannot be qualified as falling within the public policy remit.
Zvezna dežela Porenje-Pfalška in družba ZEF sta z letnimi kapitalskimi injekcijami pokrili letne izgube družbe FGAZ, ki so bile v celoti posledica letnih izgub družbe FZG (glej preglednico 4).
In any case, regardless of the legal classification of those costs as falling within the public remit or not, it has been demonstrated that they must be borne by the airport operator, under the applicable legal framework.
Zato so se z letnimi kapitalskimi injekcijami pokrili del običajne naložbe in operativni stroški družb FGAZ/FZG, s čimer sta bili podjetji razbremenjeni za finančno breme, ki bi ga sicer morali kriti sami.
Accordingly, were the State to pay for those costs, the airport operator would be relieved from a cost that it should normally have incurred.
Komisija iz istega razloga, ki je naveden v uvodnih izjavah 222–228 o neposrednih nepovratnih sredstvih za naložbe, dodeljenih družbi FZG, ugotavlja tudi, da letne kapitalske injekcije v korist družb FGAZ/FZG niso bile odobrene po običajnih tržnih pogojih.
Economic activity and use by the military
Namreč, Nemčija ni navedla, da so kapitalske injekcije običajne tržne naložbe.
The Commission observes that Zweibrücken Airport is also used by the German and other military forces, including for training purposes.
Prav tako ni predložila nobenih dokazil o predhodnih vidikih donosnosti in ni pojasnila, zakaj bi udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu še naprej vlagal kapital v podjetje, ki stalno ustvarja izgube.
This is despite the fact that Zweibrücken is not a military airfield, but a civilian airport [44].
S tega vidika je treba šteti, da se je z letnimi kapitalskimi injekcijami družbama FGAZ/FZG zagotovila gospodarska prednost.
The Commission considers that, in principle, the provision of airport services to the military, including by civilian airports, can constitute an activity falling within the public policy remit.
Sklepna ugotovitev
It is not clear, however, to what extent Germany is of the opinion that the public financing of the Airport merely covers the costs arising from catering to the airport services needs of the military.
Komisija glede na navedeno meni, da se udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu ob pomanjkanju predhodnega poslovnega načrta ali drugih raziskav o občutljivosti donosnosti, ne bi odločil izvesti zadevnega naložbenega projekta in na letni ravni kriti vse večje stroške družb FGAZ/FZG.
The Commission observes that particularly as regards the operating costs, Germany does not include costs arising from the presence of the military as falling within the public policy remit.
Zato zvezna dežela Porenje-Pfalška in družba ZEF z odločitvijo o odobritvi teh ukrepov dajeta družbi FGAZ/FZG gospodarsko prednost, ki je v običajnih tržnih pogojih ne bi pridobila.
The same is in principle true for the investments, where Germany does not point to investments being strictly related to the military users of the airport.
Selektivnost
However, Germany does maintain that the continuing use of the airport by the military is one reason why investments into the safety of the airport (runway etc.) were absolutely necessary and why closure of the airport was not an option.
Državni ukrep mora dajati prednost „posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga“, da se lahko uvršča na področje uporabe člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
The Commission observes, in this context, that Zweibrücken Airport appears to be offering airport services to the military for remuneration.
Zato državno pomoč predstavljajo samo ukrepi v korist podjetij, ki omogočajo pridobitev prednosti na selektiven način.
The supervisory board minutes of FGAZ of 2 October 2006 recount a discussion about military exercises in Zweibrücken.
V zadevnem primeru neposredna nepovratna sredstva za naložbe in letne kapitalske injekcije koristijo samo družbama FGAZ/FZG.
The management stresses that one of the reasons in favour of allowing such exercises to take place is the revenue generated thereby, which indicates that, from the perspective of FGAZ/FZG, offering airport services to the military is an economic activity.
Zato sta oba ukrepa po definiciji selektivna v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
The discussion further touches upon whether FZG should allow military exercises in Zweibrücken in the future, which suggests that it is within the discretion of FGAZ/FZG whether or not to cater to the military.
Če pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, okrepi položaj podjetja v primerjavi z drugimi podjetji, ki konkurirajo na notranjem trgu, se šteje, da navedena pomoč negativno vpliva na ta trg [55].
The Commission further considers that the failure of Germany to identify any particular costs incurred, either in terms of investments or operating costs, specifically related to the military users of the airport may be taken to indicate that the military is, indeed, just another customer of Zweibrücken Airport.
Z gospodarsko prednostjo, ki je bila z neposrednimi nepovratnimi sredstvi za naložbe in letnimi kapitalskimi injekcijami v tej zadevi zagotovljena upravljavcu letališča, je okrepljen njegov gospodarski položaj, saj je lahko upravljavec letališča začel poslovati, ne da bi mu bilo treba kriti vseh stroškov naložb in operativnih stroškov, ki so neločljivo povezani s tem.
In conclusion, the Commission considers the provision of airport services to the military to be an economic activity at Zweibrücken Airport, noting in particular the failure to identify any costs individually linked to the presence of the military at Zweibrücken Airport and the (partially) economic justification given by FGAZ/FZG's for catering to the military.
Kot je bilo ocenjeno v uvodni izjavi 173 in naslednjih, je upravljanje letališča gospodarska dejavnost.