natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
even where comparator airports face competition from State-owned airports within the same catchment area, there may be reasons to believe their behaviour is in line with the MEO principle (for example, where there is a large private ownership stake or where the airport is privately managed);
Družba AMS je dejala, da je hčerinska družba letalskega prevoznika Ryanair z lastnimi dejanskimi tržnimi nameni in je bila ustvarjena z namenom razviti dejavnost, ki ni del osnovne dejavnosti letalskega prevoznika Ryanair.
MEO airports will not set prices below incremental cost.
Pojasnila je, da jo letalski prevoznik Ryanair uporablja kot posrednico pri prodaji oglaševalskega prostora na svojem spletnem mestu.
Oxera Note 2 — Principles underlying profitability analysis for MEO tests.
Nadalje je navedla, da so njene pogodbe o storitvah trženja z letališči načeloma predmet pogajanj, sklenejo pa se ločeno od pogodb letalskega prevoznika Ryanair z istimi letališči.
Oxera argued that the profitability analysis undertaken by Oxera in its reports submitted to the Commission follows the principles that would be adopted by a rational private sector investor and reflects the approach apparent from Commission precedents.
Družba AMS je trdila, da se s pogodbo, ki jo je sklenila z zvezno deželo, letalskemu prevozniku Ryanair ne zagotavlja nobena prednost;
The principles underlying the profitability analysis are:
Letalski prevoznik Ryanair ne pritiska na svoje partnerje, da bi z družbo AMS sklenili pogodbe o storitvah trženja, uspešnost njegovih rut pa je na splošno enaka na rutah na letališča, ki so z družbo AMS sklenila pogodbo o storitvah trženja, in na tista, ki take pogodbe niso sklenila.
the assessment is undertaken on an incremental basis;
Družba AMS je navedla tudi, da je družba FZG pri nakupu storitev trženja delovala v skladu z načelom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, ker naj bi oglaševanje na spletnem mestu Ryanair.com za zvezno deželo predstavljalo visoko realno vrednost, in da je cena, ki jo je družba AMS zaračunala, tržna cena takih storitev.
an ex ante business plan is not necessarily required;
Družba AMS je trdila, da pri določanju cen, po katerih zagotavlja oglaševalski prostor, in obsega tega prostora ne razlikuje med javnimi in zasebnimi oglaševalci.
for an uncongested airport, the single till approach is the appropriate pricing methodology;
Trdila je tudi, da naj bi javni in zasebni organi konkurirali med seboj za dostop do omejenega oglaševalskega prostora na spletnem mestu Ryanair.com.
only those revenues associated with the economic activity of the operating airport should be considered;
To po mnenju družbe AMS pomeni, da njeni dogovori z javnimi letališči ne morejo vsebovati državne pomoči, ker bi družba AMS spletni prostor lahko prodajala tudi zasebni družbi po primerljivi ceni.
the entire duration of the agreement, including any extensions, should be considered;
Družba AMS je poudarila tudi, da je za majhno regionalno letališče popolnoma smiselno, da kupi tržne storitve pri njej.
future financial flows should be discounted in order to assess profitability of the agreements;
Trdila je, da je za navedena letališča značilna potreba po povečanju svoje prepoznavnosti in da lahko oglaševanje na spletnem mestu letalskega prevoznika poveča število donosnejših tujih potnikov (tuji potniki ustvarijo več prihodkov iz neletalskih dejavnosti kot odhajajoči potniki, ki izvirajo iz regije, v kateri je letališče).
incremental profitability of Ryanair agreements to the airports should be assessed on the basis of estimates of the internal rate of return or net present value (NPV) measures.
Družba AMS je poudarila, da zvezna dežela ni delovala samo kot solastnik upravljavca letališča z neposrednim zanimanjem za okrepitev podobe njegove znamke in povečanje prihodkov, ampak tudi kot organ, pooblaščen za spodbujanje turizma in poslovnih priložnosti v zvezni deželi Porenje-Pfalška na različne načine, vključno in predvsem z oglaševanjem.
Analysis of Professor Damien P. McLoughlin — Brand building:
Letalski prevoznik Germanwings je na kratko pojasnil ozadje svoje odločitve, da bo najprej opravljal dejavnosti na letališču Zweibrücken.
why and how small brands should invest in marketing, prepared for Ryanair, 10 April 2013
Navedel je, da je slednjega namesto letališča Saarbrücken izbral zato, ker ima boljšo vzletno-pristajalno stezo, in izpostavil, da je topografija vzletno-pristajalne steze na letališču Saarbrücken težavna.
The paper aimed to set out the commercial logic underlying regional airports' decisions to buy advertising on Ryanair.com from AMS.
Pojasnil je tudi, da ko se je leta 2006 odločil opravljati lete z letališča Zweibrücken, je bilo slednje bolje opremljeno za instrumentno pristajanje (s sistemom CAT) in čas letenja do Berlina je bil krajši.
The paper argued that there are a large number of very strong, well known, and habitually used airports.
Letalski prevoznik Germanwings je trdil, da se je zaradi nedonosnosti berlinske rute leta 2011 odločil prenehati opravljati svoje storitve na letališču Zweibrücken.
Weaker competitors must overcome static buying behaviour of consumers to expand their business.
Letalski prevoznik Germanwings je najprej trdil, da njegove pogodbe z družbo FZG ne vsebujejo državne pomoči, ker slednje ni mogoče pripisati državi.
Smaller regional airports need to find a way to consistently communicate their brand message to as wide an audience as possible.
Navedel je, da politiki v različnih sporočilih za javnost ne morejo dokazati, da je bila država vpletena v pogajanja o teh pogodbah ali njihovo sklenitev in da obveznost imetja seznama pristojbin, ki ga odobri nadzorni organ v skladu s členom 43a pravilnika o izdaji dovoljenj v zračnem prometu LuftVZO, ni veljala za posamezne pogodbe.
Traditional forms of marketing communication require expenditure beyond their resources.
Nadalje je letalski prevoznik Germanwings trdil, da je družba FZG pri sklepanju različnih pogodb delovala kot udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu.
Oxera Notes 3 and 4 — How should AMS Agreements be treated within the profitability analysis as part of the market operator test?, 17 and 31 January 2014
Poudaril je, da načelo udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu od vlagatelja ne zahteva, da kratkoročno ne ustvari nobene izgube, ampak da bi to lahko bila običajna poslovna strategija za zagotovitev srednje- do dolgoročne donosnosti.
Ryanair submitted further reports by its consultant Oxera.
Zamisel, da letališče ne more zaračunavati pristojbin, s katerimi ne pokrije svojih stroškov, kar se po mnenju letalskega prevoznika Germanwings odraža v sklepu o začetku postopka, naj bi izhajala iz člena 102 Pogodbe in naj bi veljala samo v primeru protimonopolne politike, zato se ne bi smela uporabljati v primerih državne pomoči.
In these reports, Oxera discussed the principles which, according to the airline, should be taken into account as part of the MEO test in the profitability analysis of, on the one hand, airport services agreements between Ryanair and airports and, on the other hand, the marketing services agreements between AMS and the same airports [25].
Letalski prevoznik TUIFly je pojasnil ozadje svoje odločitve o preselitvi svoje dejavnosti z letališča Saarbrücken na letališče Zweibrücken.
Ryanair emphasised that those reports do not in any way change its position presented earlier that the airport services agreements and the marketing services agreements should be analysed under separate MEO tests.
Trdil je, da se je na letališče Zweibrücken preselil zaradi skrbi glede varnosti na letališču Saarbrücken.
The reports indicated that the profits generated by AMS should be included as revenues in a joint analysis regarding profitability while the expenses of AMS would have to be incorporated in the costs.
Letalski prevoznik TUIFly je trdil, da so infrastruktura in topografske značilnosti letališča Saarbrücken v slabem vremenu onemogočale, da bi njegov polno naloženi zrakoplov vrste B737-800 ustrezno pristal na letališču, zaradi česar so bili ti zrakoplovi preusmerjeni na letališče Zweibrücken, še preden je slednje začelo opravljati gospodarsko dejavnost.
To do this, the reports suggested the application of a cash-flow-based methodology to the joint profitability analysis, meaning that the expenditure by airports on AMS could be treated as incremental operating expenses.
Po mnenju letalskega prevoznika TUIFly so navedene preusmeritve povzročale zamude in nevšečnosti za potnike ter dodatne stroške in organizacijske težave.
The reports emphasised that marketing activities contribute to the creation and support of the brand's value, which helps to generate effects and benefits not only for the duration of the contract, but also after its termination.
Trdil je, da so bile njegove dejavnosti zaradi velikih skrbi glede varnosti na letališču Saarbrücken netrajnostne, selitev na letališče Zweibrücken pa neizogibna.
This would especially be the case if, due to the fact that Ryanair has concluded an agreement with this airport, other airlines establish themselves at the airport, which will in turn attract more shops to install themselves there and therefore bring in more non aeronautical revenues for the airport.
Poleg tega je trdil, da zaradi kratke vzletno-pristajalne steze na letališču Saarbrücken nekateri polno naloženi zrakoplovi niso mogli vzleteti, zaradi česar so morali srednje dolgi leti (kot na Kanarske otoke) vzleteti s pol praznim rezervoarjem za gorivo in se ustaviti za ponovno polnjenje v Španiji ali na Portugalskem.
According to Ryanair, if the Commission proceeds to undertake a joint analysis of profitability, those benefits have to be taken into account by treating the expenses of AMS as incremental operating costs, net of AMS payments.
Letalski prevoznik TUIFly je trdil, da njegova pogodba z družbo FZG ne vsebuje državne pomoči in da so pristojbine, ki jih je plačal, v skladu s tržnimi stopnjami.
Furthermore, Ryanair is of the opinion that a terminal value would have to be included in the projected incremental profits at the end of the airport services agreement in order to take into account the value generated after the termination of the agreement.
Trdil je, da pogoji na letališču Zweibrücken in v okoliški regiji terjajo nizke letalske pristojbine, da lahko letalski prevoznik na tem letališču posluje z dobičkom.
The terminal value could be adapted on the basis of a ‘renewal’-probability, measuring the expectation that profits will persist after the termination of the agreement with Ryanair or if similar conditions are agreed with other airlines.
PRIPOMBE NEMČIJE GLEDE PRIPOMB TRETJIH OSEB
Ryanair considered that it would then be possible to calculate a lower limit for benefits generated jointly by the agreement with AMS and the airport services agreement, reflecting the uncertainties of incremental profits after the termination of the airport services agreement.
PRIPOMBE GLEDE PRIPOMB LETALSKEGA PREVOZNIKA RYANAIR
To supplement this approach, the reports presented a synthesis of the results of studies on the effects of marketing on the value of a brand.
Nemčija je pozdravila dejstvo, da navedbe letalskega prevoznika Ryanair potrjujejo njeno stališče, da letališče Zweibrücken in letalski prevozniki, ki opravljajo svojo dejavnost na njem, niso prejeli državne pomoči.
Those studies recognise that marketing can support the value of a brand and can help to build a customer base.
Prav tako se je strinjala, da se mora pogodba med zvezno deželo Porenje-Pfalška in družbo AMS oceniti ločeno od pogodbe med družbo FZG in letalskim prevoznikom Ryanair, da je imel slednji realno vrednost za zvezno deželo in da je bila pogodba sklenjena po tržni ceni.
According to the reports, in the case of an airport, marketing on Ryanair.com increases the visibility of the brand in particular.
Poudarila je zlasti pomen turizma za regijo in menila, da je namen pogodbe z družbo AMS spodbuditi turizem.
The reports moreover stated that smaller regional airports wishing to increase their air traffic can therefore especially increase the value of their brand by concluding marketing services agreements with AMS.
PRIPOMBE GLEDE PRIPOMB DRUŽBE AMS
The reports lastly indicated that a cash-flow-based approach is to be preferred over a capitalisation approach, in which the costs of marketing services provided by AMS would be treated as capital expenditure on an intangible asset (that is, the value of the brand) [26].
Ker je družba AMS potrdila stališče Nemčije, da pogodba med družbo AMS in zvezno deželo Porenje-Pfalška ne vsebuje državne pomoči, se je Nemčija vzdržala podrobnih pripomb glede posameznih navedb.
The capitalisation approach would only take into account the proportion of marketing expenditure that is attributable to the intangible assets of an airport.
PRIPOMBE GLEDE PRIPOMB LETALSKEGA PREVOZNIKA GERMANWINGS
The marketing expenses would be treated as capital expenditure in an intangible asset, and then depreciated for the duration of the contract, taking into consideration a residual value at the foreseen termination of the airport services agreement.
Nemčija se je v svojih pripombah v odgovor na dopis letalskega prevoznika Germanwings omejila na nekaj njegovih dejanskih predlogov.
This approach would not take into account the incremental profits which the conclusion of the airport services agreement with Ryanair would bring in and it is also difficult to calculate the value of the intangible asset due to the expenses of the brand and the time period of use of the asset.
Zlasti je poudarila, da si letališči Zweibrücken in Saarbrücken v nasprotju z mnenjem letalskega prevoznika Germanwings ne konkurirata, ampak sta bili vedno prepričani, da se dopolnjujeta.
The cash-flow method is more appropriate than a capitalisation approach, since the latter would not capture the positive benefits to the airport that are expected to arise as a result of signing the airport services agreement with Ryanair.
Nemčija je trdila, da je izbira letalskega prevoznika za opravljanje dejavnosti na enem ali drugem letališču rezultat strateške odločitve navedenega letalskega prevoznika, ki je ni mogla komentirati.
MARKETING SERVICES AGREEMENTS
OCENA
Ryanair stressed that AMS' marketing services agreements are separate from Ryanair's agreements with airports and should be assessed separately, since they cannot be considered a single beneficiary.
V skladu s členom 107(1) Pogodbe je „vsaka pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, ali kakršna koli vrsta pomoči iz državnih sredstev, ki izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco z dajanjem prednosti posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga, nezdružljiva z notranjim trgom, če prizadene trgovino med državami članicami“.
The agreements were negotiated independently, related to different services, and were not subject to any linkage that would justify their consideration as a single alleged State aid measure.
Merila iz člena 107(1) Pogodbe so kumulativna.
The conclusion of a marketing services agreement with AMS is not a condition for the operation of routes by Ryanair to and from an airport.
Zato mora zadevni ukrep izpolnjevati vse naslednje pogoje, da se ugotovi, ali pomeni pomoč v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
Ryanair stressed that the marketing services agreement of AMS was concluded with the Ministry, the co-owner of the airport, and it benefitted the airport but was not intended to improve the load factor or yield on Ryanair routes.
Finančna podpora mora namreč:
As to the value of marketing, Ryanair claimed that marketing space on Ryanair's website is a scarce resource and demand for that space is high, including from businesses other than airports.
biti dodeljena s strani države ali iz državnih sredstev;
According to Ryanair, even legacy airlines now realise the value of their websites for marketing and advertising.
dajati prednost posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga;
Ryanair submitted that airports choose to build a brand by advertising on Ryanair.com or on other airline websites.
izkrivljati konkurenco ali ustvarjati možnost izkrivljanja konkurence;
Ryanair stated further that this increased brand recognition can benefit the airports in a number of mutually reinforcing and complementary ways.
vplivati na trgovino med državami članicami.
Zweibrücken Airport is far less renowned internationally than either Aéroport de Paris or Heathrow Airport, and it therefore needs to invest in advertising to improve its brand recognition and maximise the number of inbound passengers.
OBSTOJ POMOČI
Ryanair concluded that the Land had a double motivation to conclude the marketing services agreement with AMS:
Gospodarska dejavnost in pojem podjetja
first, a purely commercial one, as a 50 % co-owner of the operator of the Zweibrücken Airport;
V skladu z ustaljeno sodno prakso mora Komisija najprej ugotoviti, ali sta družbi FGAZ in FZG podjetji v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
secondly, as part of its duty to promote tourism and business opportunities in the Land.
Pojem podjetja zajema vse subjekte, ki opravljajo gospodarsko dejavnost, ne glede na njihov pravni status in način financiranja [27].
Ryanair is therefore of the opinion that the Land purchased valuable marketing services at market price.
Vsaka dejavnost, s katero se na določenem trgu ponujajo blago ali storitve, je gospodarska dejavnost [28].
AMS submitted that the Commission should not, contrary to what is suggested in the opening decision, treat FZG's agreement with Ryanair and the Land's marketing services agreement with AMS as connected, but rather as two separate business transactions.
Sodišče je v svoji sodbi v zadevi letališče Leipzig/Halle potrdilo, da upravljanje letališča v tržne namene in gradnja letališke infrastrukture pomenita gospodarsko dejavnost [29].
AMS stated that it is a subsidiary of Ryanair with a real commercial purpose of its own, created in order to develop an activity that does not belong to the core business of Ryanair.
Ko začne upravljavec letališča opravljati gospodarsko dejavnost, tako da zagotavlja plačljive letališke storitve, se ne glede na njegov pravni status ali način financiranja šteje za podjetje v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe, zato se pravila Pogodbe o državni pomoči lahko uporabljajo za prednosti, ki mu jih zagotovi država ali ki so mu bile dodeljene iz državnih sredstev [30].
AMS claimed that the agreement between AMS and the Land does not grant any advantage to Ryanair;
Zato je treba od datuma sodbe v zadevi Aéroports de Paris (12. decembra 2000) [31] upravljanje in gradnjo letališke strukture obravnavati kot gospodarsko dejavnost, ki spada na področje nadzora državnih pomoči.
Ryanair does not pressure its partners to conclude marketing services agreements with AMS and Ryanair's route performance is generally the same on routes to airports with an AMS marketing services agreement and to those without such an agreement.
Enotna gospodarska enota
AMS further submitted that in purchasing marketing services, FZG acted in line with the MEO principle, as advertising on Ryanair.com is said to represent a high real value for the Land and that the price charged by AMS was the market price for these services.
Komisija opozarja, da bi bilo treba za namene uporabe pravil o državni pomoči dve ločeni pravni osebi obravnavati kot eno samo gospodarsko enoto, preden se prouči narava dejavnosti družb FGAZ in FZG.
AMS argued that the prices at which advertising space is provided by AMS, and the volumes in which it is acquired, do not discriminate between public and private advertisers.
Navedena gospodarska enota se nato obravnava kot zadevno podjetje.
AMS stated further that public and private bodies are said to compete for access to the limited space to advertise on Ryanair.com.
Ker je Sodišče trdilo, da „[j]e treba v konkurenčnem pravu izraz ‚podjetje‘ razumeti kot gospodarsko enoto … čeprav pravno navedena gospodarska enota zajema več oseb, fizičnih ali pravnih“ [32].
This means, according to AMS, that no State aid can be contained in AMS' arrangements with public airports, as AMS could just as easily sell the website space to a private company, at a comparable price.
V zvezi s tem je Sodišče odločilo, da lahko več subjektov skupaj opravlja gospodarsko dejavnost, pri čimer pod določenimi pogoji tvorijo gospodarsko enoto [33].
AMS also emphasised that it makes inherent sense for a small regional airport to purchase marketing services from AMS.
Da bi Sodišče ugotovilo, ali več subjektov tvori gospodarsko enoto, preveri obstoj obvladujočega deleža ali funkcionalne, gospodarske ali naravne povezave [34].
AMS asserted that those airports typically have a need to increase their brand recognition and that advertising on an airline website can increase the number of more profitable foreign passengers (foreign passengers generate more non-aeronautical revenue than outbound passengers originating from the region where the airport is located).
Komisija meni, da sta v tem primeru družbi FGAZ in FZG tako tesno povezani, da jih je treba za namene pravil o državni pomoči obravnavati kot enotno gospodarsko enoto.
AMS stressed that the Land acted not only as the co-owner of the airport's operator, with a direct interest in the enhancement of its brand image and revenues, but also as the authority entrusted with the task of promoting tourism and business opportunities in Land Rhineland-Palatinate through various means including, in particular, advertising.
Prvič, opozoriti je treba, da je družba FZG 100-odstotna hčerinska družba družbe FGAZ, zaradi česar je slednja pooblaščena za nadzor družbe FZG prek skupščine delničarjev.
By way of background, Germanwings briefly explained why it first decided to take up operations from Zweibrücken.
Poleg tega sta družbi FGAZ in FZG povezani s pogodbo o prenosu, ki po mnenju Nemčije pomeni, da se podjetji v skladu z nemškim davčnim pravom obravnavata kot enotna gospodarska enota.
It indicated that it chose Zweibrücken over Saarbrücken because of the better runway in Zweibrücken, pointing out that the topography of the runway in Saarbrücken was difficult.
Člani nadzornega sveta družbe FZG so v skladu z njenim statutom vedno enaki tistim iz nadzornega sveta družbe FGAZ.
It also explains that in 2006, when Germanwings decided to fly from Zweibrücken, Zweibrücken was better equipped for instrument landing (CAT system) and the flying time to Berlin was slightly shorter.
V obeh družbah, FGAZ in FZG, vodstvo imenuje zadevni nadzorni svet (ki je, kot je navedeno, v obeh družbah enak).
Germanwings asserted that due to unprofitability of the Berlin route it decided to discontinue its services from Zweibrücken in 2011.
V praksi je bil […] ves čas izvršni direktor družb FGAZ in FZG (drugi izvršni direktor je bil imenovan samo za družbo FZG, ne pa tudi za družbo FGAZ).
Germanwings first asserted that its contracts with FZG do not contain State aid because it is not imputable to the State.
Kot edini izvršni direktor družbe FGAZ je […] slednjo zastopal v skupščini delničarjev družbe FZG, pri čemer je bila družba FGAZ edini delničar.
It claimed that various press releases by politicians cannot demonstrate that the State was involved in negotiating or concluding these contracts, and that the obligation to have a schedule of charges approved by the supervisory authority pursuant to § 43a LuftVZO did not apply to individual agreements.
V praksi razpoložljive informacije kažejo, da se pomembne odločitve v zvezi z letališčem Zweibrücken redno sprejemajo na ravni družbe FGAZ, ki navodila nato posreduje družbi FZG.
Secondly, Germanwings claimed that in concluding the various agreements FZG acted like a MEO.
Informacije, ki jih je zagotovila Nemčija o postopku odločanja glede posodobitve vzletno-pristajalne steze leta 2008/2009, so v tem smislu informativne.
It stressed that the MEO principle does not require that an investor makes no losses in the short term, but that doing so may be a normal business strategy to be profitable in the medium to long term.
Nadzorni svet družbe FGAZ se je najprej odločil za posodobitev vzletno-pristajalne steze.