natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The UK disagreed with comments questioning the contribution of nuclear energy to decarbonisation and comments that suggested nuclear energy had a negative impact on the environment.
Veleprodajne cene jedrske energije na Finskem in v Franciji ne bi bile primerna primerjava, saj imata ti državi članici posebne pogoje, v Franciji pa se cena nanaša na obstoječe elektrarne, pri katerih so se naložbe v veliki meri že amortizirale.
Nuclear energy would be a recognised form of low-carbon energy generation contributing to decarbonisation.
Združeno kraljestvo še meni, da so bili stroški za preudarno ravnanje z odpadki in njihovo razgradnjo vključeni v analizo, ki podpira poslovni model, na podlagi načrta za trajno skladišče in povezane storitve za ravnanje z jedrskimi odpadki in njihovo odlaganje.
In particular, the contribution of HPC to decarbonisation objectives would have been accepted by the Commission in the context of the consultation process provided for under Articles 41 to 43 of the Euratom Treaty.
IZKRIVLJANJE KONKURENCE IN TRGOVINE MED DRŽAVAMI ČLANICAMI
Nuclear would provide a stable source of baseload capacity, hence contributing to security of supply in a more predictable way than intermittent generation technologies.
Združeno kraljestvo je navedlo, da do izkrivljanja trga zaradi pomoči, ki ga poudarjajo zainteresirane strani, ne bi prišlo.
MARKET FAILURES AND NEED FOR STATE INTERVENTION
Podjetje NNBG in družba EDF ne bi mogla vplivati na referenčno ceno, družba EDF pa ne bi imela tržne moči ali prevladujočega položaja na britanskih trgih z električno energijo.
The UK disagreed with comments suggesting that the market would deliver investment in new nuclear in the absence of aid.
Združeno kraljestvo je poudarilo, da elektrarna HPC ne bi imela negativnega učinka na naložbe v nove zmogljivosti povezovalnih vodov ter da namerava razširiti te zmogljivosti.
In contrast, it agreed with comments suggesting that nuclear generation was prone to several market failures that prevent the market from achieving an efficient level of decarbonisation and security of supply without State intervention.
Električno energijo, ki jo bo proizvajala elektrarna HPC, je mogoče izvažati, kar podpira naložbe v nove povezovalne vode.
The three main market failures that affect investment incentives into nuclear generation are: (1) decarbonisation market failure; (2) security and diversity of supply market failure; and (3) financial markets imperfections (incomplete risk transfer markets, and hold-up).
Pomoč ne bi imela negativnega učinka na druge nizkoogljične vire, saj jih Združeno kraljestvo prav tako podpira, tehnologije obnovljive energije pa niso diskriminirane.
The UK reiterated that EPR is a new technology and that there has been no investment in nuclear energy in the UK for 30 years.
Pomoč bi dejansko podprla naložbe v veliko energetskih pobud.
Other new nuclear projects would receive State support in other countries.
DRUGE PRIPOMBE
Without State support, no EPR plant would have been commissioned in the UK.
Združeno kraljestvo je odgovorilo v zvezi z vprašanjem stroškov odgovornosti, razgradnje in ravnanja z odpadki.
The UK also reiterated that other mechanisms would be insufficient to meet the common objectives.
Zlasti je poudarilo, da obravnava teh stroškov ne bi pomenila dodatne državne podpore.
CfD-supported operators cannot participate in the Capacity Market, and the impact of the Carbon Price Floor on carbon emission prices would be insufficient to support investment in new nuclear.
Zlasti ureditev odgovornosti za jedrske nesreče po Zakonu o jedrskih napravah iz leta 1965 (Nuclear Installations Act 1965) ne bi povzročila obstoja državne pomoči, saj Združeno kraljestvo podjetju NNBG ne bi dalo zavarovanja v zvezi z obveznostmi podjetja glede jedrskih nesreč.
APPROPRIATE OF THE INSTRUMENT AND INCENTIVE EFFECT
V skladu z oddelkoma 16 in 18 Zakona o jedrskih napravah iz leta 1965 odgovornost za jedrske nesreče nosita obe strani, upravljavci in država, pri čemer so upravljavci odgovorni do določene višine odškodnine, država pa je odgovorna od tiste višine odškodnine naprej.
The UK does not believe that CfDs for nuclear are more advantageous than those for renewable energy sources, as they would contain additional clauses which are more stringent (e.g. gain-share arrangements).
Poleg tega je Združeno kraljestvo poudarilo, da ureditve za omejeno odgovornost upravljavca in države izvajajo člena 6 in 7 Pariške konvencije ter člena 2 in 3 Bruseljske konvencije, torej izhajajo iz obveznosti na podlagi mednarodnega prava, ki bi jih odobrili EU in zlasti Priporočili Komisije 65/42/Euratom in 66/22/Euratom.
Also, and an issue which overlaps with the proportionality of the measure, its duration could not be qualified as excessive as it must be considered the shortest possible duration which would bring forward the investment.
OBSTOJ DRŽAVNE POMOČI
The measure would provide an incentive effect, among other things by incentivising NNBG to construct the plant prior to receiving any compensation.
DRŽAVNA POMOČ V SMISLU ČLENA 107(1) POGODBE
PROPORTIONALITY OF THE MEASURES
Državna pomoč je v členu 107(1) Pogodbe opredeljena kot vsaka pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, ali kakršna koli vrsta pomoči iz državnih sredstev, ki izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco z dajanjem prednosti posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga, kolikor prizadene trgovino med državami članicami.
The UK reiterated the arguments in support of its view that the measures are proportionate.
SKLEP O ZAČETKU POSTOPKA
Equity returns at the level suggested by some comments would not be realistic, and the gain-share mechanism would prevent overcompensation as soon as the 15 per cent threshold is reached.
Združeno kraljestvo je v priglasitvi navedlo, da priglašeni ukrep ni pomoč v skladu s členom 107(1) PDEU, zlasti ne zato, ker posredovanje države podjetju ni dalo prednosti na podlagi merila iz sodbe Altmark [30].
EDF would not be in a position to have market power or make windfall profits at the end of the CfD, due to the closure of its existing nuclear plants prior to new nuclear, the entry of new low-carbon plants, and the entry of other nuclear operators.
Komisija je v sklepu o začetku postopka navedla, da jedrska tehnologija na splošno velja za uspešno gospodarsko dejavnost.
The prices of nuclear energy at the wholesale level in Finland and France would not be an appropriate benchmark, due to the specific conditions of those MSs, in particular the fact that in France the price is reflective of existing plants the investment into which would have been largely amortised.
Komisija je podvomila o tem, ali je pogoje, naložene podjetju NNBG, mogoče šteti za obveznosti javne storitve, ter ali je bila podjetju NNBG naložena SSGP.
DISTORTIONS TO COMPETITION AND TRADE BETWEEN MEMBER STATES
V zvezi z možnostjo prekomerne odškodnine je Komisija navedla, da v času sklepa o začetku postopka ni bilo mogoče oceniti, ali bo podjetje NNBG za jamstvo plačalo komercialno stopnjo, in je izpostavila več pomislekov v zvezi s tem, ali mehanizem pogodbe na razliko omogoča prekomerno odškodnino.
The UK submitted that the market distortions highlighted by interested parties would not arise as a result of the aid.
Komisija je nadalje v sklepu o začetku postopka podvomila o tem, da stopnja dobička, uporabljena pri določitvi izvršilne cene, ustreza stopnji donosa običajnega podjetja, ki razmišlja o izvajanju SSGP skozi celo trajanje obdobja pooblastitve, ob upoštevanju ravni tveganja.
NNBG and EDF would not be able to manipulate the RP, and EDF would not have market power or a dominant position in UK electricity markets.
V zvezi z dogovorom z ministrstvom je Komisijo zanimalo, ali dogovor pomeni državno pomoč.
The UK reiterated that HPC would not have a negative impact on investments in new interconnection capacity, and that it intends to expand such capacity.
POGODBA NA RAZLIKO: OBSTOJ PREDNOSTI
Also, electricity produced by HPC can be exported, thus supporting investments in new interconnectors.
Komisija upošteva, da pogodba na razliko podjetje NNBG ščiti pred nihanjem cen na trgu z električno energijo, saj podjetje vedno prejme predhodno določeno izvršilno ceno, ko so prodajne cene pod to ravnjo.
The aid would not have a negative impact on other low-carbon sources, given that they are also supported by the UK, and there is no discrimination against renewable technologies.
To podjetju NNBG v prvih 35 letih obratovanja elektrarne HPC zagotavlja stalne prihodke, kar pa ne velja za druge upravljavce, ki nimajo sklenjene pogodbe na razliko.
The aid would actually support investment in a broad range of energy initiatives.
Zato Komisija meni, da pogodba na razliko podjetju NNBG daje selektivno prednost.
OTHER COMMENTS
Organi Združenega kraljestva menijo, da priglašeni ukrepi podjetju NNBG ne dajejo prednosti, saj izpolnjujejo merila iz sodbe Altmark.
The UK responded on the issue of the costs of liability, decommissioning and waste management, and in particular that the treatment of these costs would not involve the provision of further State support.
Merila iz sodbe Altmark je Sodišče oblikovalo, da bi pojasnilo, v katerih okoliščinah nadomestilo, ki ga javni organ dodeli za izvajanje SSGP, pomeni državno pomoč po členu 107(1) PDEU [31].
In particular, the liability regime for nuclear incidents under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 would not give rise to State aid, since the UK would not provide to NNBG security in respect of its obligations for nuclear incidents.
Zlasti je Sodišče navedlo, da morajo biti izpolnjena vsa štiri merila, da nadomestilo za SSGP ne pomeni državne pomoči.
Under sections 16 and 18 of the Nuclear Installations Act 1965, liability for nuclear incidents is imposed on both operators and the State, with the former being liable up to a certain amount and the latter being liable from that amount up to a further amount.
Ti pogoji so kumulativni in so naslednji:
In addition, the UK reiterated that the arrangements for limited operator and State liability implement Articles 6 and 7 of the Paris Convention and Articles 2 and 3 of the Brussels Convention, hence they would arise out of international law obligations, which would have been endorsed by the EU, and in particular by the Commission recommendations 65/42/Euratom and 66/22/Euratom.
podjetje, ki prejema nadomestilo, mora dejansko izvajati obveznosti javne službe in te obveznosti morajo biti jasno opredeljene;
EXISTENCE OF STATE AID
merila, na podlagi katerih se izračuna nadomestilo, morajo biti določena vnaprej ter objektivno in pregledno, da bi se preprečila gospodarska prednost, ki bi prejemniku dajala prednost v primerjavi s konkurenčnimi podjetji;
STATE AID WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARTICLE 107(1) OF THE TREATY
nadomestilo ne sme presegati tistega, ki je potrebno za kritje vseh ali dela stroškov, ki so nastali z izpolnjevanjem obveznosti javne službe, ob upoštevanju realiziranih prejemkov in razumnega dobička; in
State aid is defined in Article 107(1) of the Treaty as any aid granted by a Member State or through State resources in any form whatsoever, which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods in so far as it affects trade between Member States.
če podjetje, ki mora izpolnjevati obveznosti javne službe v posameznem primeru, ni izbrano z javnim razpisom, s čimer bi bila zagotovljena izbira ponudnika, ki bi javno službo zagotavljal po najnižjih stroških za skupnost, se višina potrebnega nadomestila določi na podlagi analize stroškov, ki bi jih imelo povprečno dobro vodeno podjetje, ki razpolaga z ustreznimi viri, pri izpolnjevanju teh obveznosti ob upoštevanju realiziranih prihodkov in primernega dobička zaradi izpolnjevanja teh obveznosti.
THE OPENING DECISION
Komisija je v svojem sporočilu o uporabi pravil Evropske unije o državni pomoči za nadomestilo, dodeljeno za opravljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Sporočilo o nadomestilu za SSGP), nadalje pojasnila pogoje, pod katerimi nadomestilo za opravljanje javne službe šteje kot državna pomoč [32].
The UK claimed in their notification that the notified measure did not constitute aid according to Art 107(1) TFEU, in particular, since the intervention did not confer an advantage to an undertaking based on the ‘Altmark’ criteria [29].
OBSTOJ SSGP
The Commission noted in the Opening Decision that nuclear technology has and can generally be considered a viable commercial activity.
Združeno kraljestvo meni, da je prvi pogoj izpolnjen, zlasti ker je storitev, ki naj bi jo zagotavljalo podjetje NNBG, jasno opredeljena in je ne bi zagotavljal trg.
Moreover, due to the timeline for the construction of HPC, the Commission considered that it is unlikely that it will be able to address, once built, the security of supply issues envisaged to be faced in the United Kingdom in 2020.
V zvezi z opredelitvijo SSGP sodna praksa navaja: „Ugotoviti je treba, da v pravu EU ter za uporabo pravil PDEU o konkurenci ni javne in natančne zakonske opredelitve pojma naloge SSGP niti pravnega pojma, ki bi dokončno določil pogoje, ki morajo biti izpolnjeni za to, da bi se lahko država članica veljavno sklicevala na obstoj in varstvo naloge SSGP v smislu prvega pogoja iz sodbe Altmark ali v smislu člena [106(2) PDEU] [33]“.
The Commission further expressed doubts as to the fact that NNBG had been entrusted with specific public service obligations to discharge.
Ker na tem področju ni posebne ureditve EU, imajo države članice proste roke pri opredelitvi obstoja SSGP.
The Commission also expressed doubts whether the conditions imposed on NNBG could be viewed as public service obligations or that NNBG would be entrusted with a SGEI.
Vendar pa je ta diskrecijska pravica tudi omejena.
As a series of essential elements regarding the compensation had not been established yet and were to be subject to further negotiation, the Commission found, in the Opening Decision, that it was not yet in a position to verify that the negotiated parameters would be established in an objective and transparent manner so as to avoid conferring an economic advantage which could favour the recipient undertaking over competing undertakings.
Čeprav Komisija nima pristojnosti za določitev, katera vrsta storitve lahko izpolnjuje pogoje SSGP in katera ne, lahko načeloma ugotovi, da je država članica naredila očitno napako [34] pri oceni storitve kot SSGP.
As regards the possibility of overcompensation, the Commission noted that at the time of the Opening Decision it was not possible to assess whether NNBG would pay a commercial rate on the guarantee and raised a series of doubts in regard to whether the CfD mechanism allowed for overcompensation.
Država članica na primer obveznosti javne storitve ne more uveljaviti za storitve, ki jih že zagotavljajo ali bi jih lahko zadovoljivo in pod pogoji, skladnimi z javnim interesom, kot ga opredeljuje država, zagotavljala podjetja, ki poslujejo pod običajnimi tržnimi pogoji.
The Commission further expressed doubts in the Opening Decision that the level of profit used to set the SP corresponds to the rate of return of a typical company considering whether or not to provide the SGEI for the whole duration of the period of entrustment, taking into account the level of risk.
(307) Komisija je v več primerih potrdila pogodbo na razliko kot sredstvo za državno pomoč v okviru reforme trga z električno energijo v Združenem kraljestvu [35].
As regards the Secretary of State agreement, the Commission wondered if this could be qualified as State aid.
Komisija je menila, da je pogodba na razliko ustrezno sredstvo za dodelitev državne pomoči za proizvodnjo električne energije, ki je bila potrjena kot združljiva z notranjim trgom v skladu s členom 107(3)(c).
THE CONTRACT FOR DIFFERENCE: EXISTENCE OF AN ADVANTAGE
Zato ni razloga, da bi se Komisija oddaljila od tiste ocene in menila, da bi bila podpora proizvodnji električne energije na podlagi pogodbe na razliko lahko predmet SSGP.
The Commission notes that the CfD protects NNBG from any price volatility in the electricity market as it receives always the pre-defined SP when selling at prices that are below this level.
Organi Združenega kraljestva so v svojem odgovoru večkrat jasno navedli, da je cilj ukrepa spodbuditi ali sprostiti naložbe v nizkoogljično proizvodnjo, zlasti v nove jedrske elektrarne.
This ensures a steady stream of revenues for NNBG for the first 35 years of the operation of HPC that other operators not benefiting from a CfD do not receive.
Ta cilj politike ustreza cilju skupnega interesa, za katerega je namesto dodelitve SSGP mogoče odobriti državno pomoč.
Therefore, the Commission considers that the CfD entails a selective advantage to NNBG.
Pogodba na razliko za elektrarno HPC je bila oblikovana za čim učinkovitejše odpravljanje ovir projekta, vključno z nekaterimi zaščitami pred določenimi tveganji, predvsem glede negotovosti prihodnjih cen električne energije.
The United Kingdom authorities consider that the notified measures do not entail an advantage to NNBG as they would meet the ‘Altmark’ criteria.
Ta pristop je skladen z dodelitvijo državne pomoči po členu 107(3)(c) PDEU in ne pomeni SSGP.
The Court of Justice has set out the ‘Altmark’ criteria to clarify under what circumstances a compensation provided by a public authority for the performance of a Service of General Economic Interest (‘SGEI’) qualifies as State aid under Art 107(1) TFEU [30].
V zvezi z vprašanjem, ali za projekt veljajo pravila o javnem naročanju, organi Združenega kraljestva priznavajo, da ukrep ne vključuje javnega naročila blaga, gradenj ali storitev za vlado Združenega kraljestva, kar je v nasprotju s trditvijo, da ukrep pomeni SSGP.
In particular, the Court stated that four criteria must all be met for compensation provided for a SGEI not to constitute State aid.
Prvo merilo iz sodbe Altmark določa tudi, da mora biti podjetju naložena obveznost opravljanja javne storitve.
Those conditions are cumulative, and are as follows.
Da bi se upoštevala sodna praksa iz sodbe Altmark, morajo biti z dodelitvijo javne storitve določene tudi obveznosti zadevnih podjetij in organa [36].
The recipient undertaking must actually have public service obligations to discharge and the obligations must be clearly defined;
V zvezi z obvezno naravo obveznosti javnih storitev v zadevnem primeru Združeno kraljestvo navaja, da so te zagotovljene s kombinacijo strogih klavzul, ki naj bi zagotovile, da bo podjetje NNBG izpolnilo poseben časovni okvir, in dejstva, da ko bo podjetje NNBG udeleženo pri gradnji, iz projekta ne bo več moglo izstopiti zaradi zelo visokih nepovratnih stroškov, ki bodo nastali.
The parameters on the basis of which the compensation is calculated must be established in advance in an objective and transparent manner, to avoid it conferring an economic advantage which may favour the recipient undertaking over competing undertakings;
Res se zdi, da pogodba na razliko vsebuje vrsto strogih klavzul, ki podjetje NNBG spodbujajo k izvajanju obveznosti v skladu s pogodbo, organom Združenega kraljestva pa omogočajo, da v primeru neizpolnjevanja določenih obveznosti prekinejo pogodbo.
The compensation cannot exceed what is necessary to cover all or part of the costs incurred in the discharge of public service obligations, taking into account the relevant receipts and a reasonable profit for discharging those obligations; and
Narava projekta resnično povzroča zelo visoke nepovratne stroške, kar bo podjetje NNBG zelo verjetno odvrnilo od opustitve projekta.
Where the undertaking which is to discharge public service obligations, in a specific case, is not chosen pursuant to a public procurement procedure which would allow for the selection of the tenderer capable of providing those services at the least cost to the community, the level of compensation needed must be determined on the basis of an analysis of the costs which a typical undertaking, well run and adequately provided with the necessary means, would have incurred in discharging those obligations, taking into account the relevant receipts and a reasonable profit for discharging the obligations.
Vendar pa so pogodbene določbe kljub posebni naravi projekta običajne pogodbene določbe, ki bi jih v podoben dogovor vključila vsaka pogodbenica, ne pa obveznost javne storitve, ki jo naložijo organi Združenega kraljestva.
The Commission has further clarified the conditions under which public service compensation is to be regarded as State aid in its Communication on the application of the European Union State aid rules to compensation granted for the provision of services of general economic interest (‘the SGEI Compensation Communication’) [31].
Podjetje NNBG dejansko ni dolžno zgraditi jedrske elektrarne, prav tako mu je ni treba zgraditi do določenega datuma.
EXISTENCE OF AN SGEI
Organi Združenega kraljestva v zvezi s tem ne morejo naložiti nobene obveznosti, lahko le prekinejo pogodbo.
The UK believes that the first criterion is met, in particular since the service to be provided by NNBG would be clearly defined and would not be provided by the market.
Poleg tega jedrske elektrarne HPC nobena obveznost ne zavezuje k proizvodnji električne energije, k proizvodnji določene količine električne energije ali k dajanju te električne energije na trg.
As regards defining an SGEI, the case-law has found that ‘[i]t must be made clear that in [EU] law and for the purposes of applying the [FEU] Treaty competition rules, there is no clear and precise regulatory definition of the concept of an SGEI mission and no established legal concept definitively fixing the conditions that must be satisfied before a Member State can properly invoke the existence and protection of an SGEI mission, either within the meaning of the first Altmark condition or within the meaning of Article [106(2) TFEU]’ [32].
Po pogodbi na razliko bo jedrska elektrarna HPC res imela veliko spodbud za proizvajanje čim večjih količin električne energije, da bi si povečala dobiček, vendar pa jo k temu nič ne zavezuje.
In the absence of specific EU rules, Member States have a wide margin of discretion in defining the existence of an SGEI.
Elektrarna HPC lahko električno energijo prodaja na kraju samem ali na podlagi dvostranskih pogodb, kar pomeni, da ni niti zavezana k prodaji električne energije javnosti niti ni k temu spodbujena.
However, there are limits to this discretion.
Komisija meni, da teh pogojev ni mogoče obravnavati kot obveznosti javne storitve niti pogoji ne dokazujejo, da bo podjetju NNBG naložena SSGP.
Thus, even though the Commission has no competence to prescribe which exact type of service may qualify as SGEI and which may not, it can — in principle — find that a Member State committed a manifest error [33] of appreciation in the qualification of a service as SGEI.
Zato Komisija ugotavlja, da prvo merilo iz sodbe Altmark ni izpolnjeno, saj zagotavljanje naložbe v jedrsko elektrarno nove generacije, ki naj bi bila zgrajena v določenem časovnem okviru, ne pomeni prave SSGP, Združeno kraljestvo pa podjetju NNBG ni naložilo obveznosti javnih storitev.
A Member State cannot, for example, attach public service obligations to services that are already provided or can be provided satisfactorily and under conditions consistent with the public interest, as defined by the State, by undertakings operating under normal market conditions.
ZAKLJUČEK OCENE V SKLADU S ČLENOM 107(1) PDEU NA PODLAGI MERIL IZ SODBE ALTMARK
The CfD as a means for providing State aid as part of UK's Electricity Market Reform (‘EMR’) has been confirmed by the Commission in several instances [34].
Ker so merila iz sodbe Altmark kumulativna in ker prvo merilo ni izpolnjeno, Komisija meni, da drugih meril ni treba oceniti.
The Commission considered that a CfD is an appropriate means of granting State aid for electricity generation that was approved as compatible with the internal market in accordance with Article 107(3)(c).
Na podlagi argumentov iz oddelkov 7.1 do 7.5 preskus „Altmark“ za ukrep ni izpolnjen.