natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Therefore, if in a given legal system it is normal that airlines or airport managers bear the costs of certain services, whereas some airlines or airport managers providing the same services on behalf of the same public authorities do not have to bear those costs, the latter may enjoy an advantage, even if those services are considered in themselves as non-economic.
Glede na ta dejstva je treba šteti, da javno financiranje družbe FD izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljalo konkurenco ter bi lahko vplivalo na trgovino.
Therefore, an analysis of the legal framework applicable to the airport operator is necessary in order to assess whether under that legal framework airport managers or airlines are required to bear the cost of the provision of some activities that might be non-economic in themselves but are inherent to the deployment of their economic activities.
OBSTOJEČA POMOČ IN NOVA POMOČ
Germany's view on the extent of the public policy remit evolved throughout the procedure.
Komisija glede na uvodne izjave 176–178 meni, da je bila pogodba o prenosu dobička in izgube iz leta 1991 nepreklicno podpisana leta 1991, kar je pred sodbo Splošnega sodišča v zadevi Aéroports de Paris, zato so lahko javni organi upravičeno menili, da pogodba o prenosu dobička in izgube iz leta 1991 ne pomeni državne pomoči.
At one point Germany included in the public policy remit also costs related to salaries of public service officials working for the airport.
Nemčija je med formalnim postopkom preiskave pojasnila, da je bila pogodba o prenosu dobička in izgube iz leta 1991 časovno neomejena in da od takrat ni bila bistveno spremenjena.
While the extra costs of public service officials employed in a newly liberalised sector may be considered as sunk cost of the liberalisation, there is no legal obligation on the airports in Germany to employ such officials.
Komisija ugotavlja, da spremembe pogodbe o prenosu dobička in izgube iz leta 1991, opravljene leta 1999 in leta 2008, dejansko niso povzročile sprememb mehanizma za kritje izgub in narave pogodbe.
Therefore, this item does not constitute a cost falling within public policy remit.
Komisija običajno ne more dvomiti o ukrepih individualne pomoči, ki so bili dokončno sprejeti pred sodbo Aéroports de Paris.
Furthermore, Germany has submitted that the costs arising from the following activities, whether as investments or operating expenses, are to be considered as falling within the public policy remit: airport security measures pursuant to §8 Luftsicherheitsgesetz (Air Security Law), measures assuring operational safety, air control and air safety measures pursuant to §27c(2) Luftverkehrsgesetz (Air Traffic Law), meteorological services and the fire brigade.
V obravnavanem primeru pogodba o prenosu dobička in izgube iz leta 1991 krije letne izgube družbe FD v neomejenem obdobju in neomejenem znesku, zato je to shema pomoči v smislu člena 1(d) Uredbe (ES) št. 659/1999.
The Commission is of the view that measures pursuant to §8 Luftsicherheitsgesetz, measures pursuant to §27c(2) Luftverkehrsgesetz (including also meteorological services) and the fire brigade service can, in principle and subject to the analysis below, be considered to constitute activities falling within the public policy remit.
Komisija lahko v skladu s členom 108(1) PDEU in členom 17 Uredbe (ES) št. 659/1999 predlaga ustrezne ukrepe za obstoječe sheme pomoči.
With respect to measures relating purely to operational safety, however, the Commission considers that ensuring safe operations at the airport is a normal part of the economic activity of operating an airport [39].
Če država članica ne bi ravnala v skladu s to obveznostjo, obstoječa pomoč postane po datumu, določenem v ustreznih ukrepih, nezakonita pomoč in jo je treba vrniti.
Subject to a more detailed review with respect to individual activities and costs, the Commission finds that measures designed to ensure the safety of operations at the airport do not constitute activities falling in the public policy remit.
Nemčija je sprejetje ustreznih ukrepov potrdila z dopisom z dne 30. maja 2006.
Any undertaking wishing to operate an airport has to ensure the safety of the installations, such as the runway and the aprons.
VMESNA SKLEPNA UGOTOVITEV
As regards the legal framework, Germany has submitted that for the fire brigade there are no legal rules strictly imposing these costs on the airport operator.
Komisija na podlagi razlogov, navedenih v uvodnih izjavah 184–231, ugotavlja, da prispevki družbe DSW21 k stroškom investicijskega vzdrževanja za naložbe na letališču Dortmund, o katerih je bilo odločeno po sodbi Aéroports de Paris in ki so nastali od 1. junija 2007, pomenijo državno pomoč v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
Furthermore, the Commission observes that the remuneration of costs for fire brigade is subject to regional responsibilities and those costs are usually remunerated by the relevant regional authorities.
ZAKONITOST POMOČI
The remuneration of those costs is limited to the extent necessary to cover these costs.
Države članice morajo v skladu s členom 108(3) Pogodbe priglasiti vse načrte za dodelitev ali spremembo pomoči, pri čemer predlaganih ukrepov ne smejo izvesti, dokler v postopku priglasitve ni sprejet dokončen sklep.
As regards air traffic control and meteorological services, the Commission notes that according to §27d and §27f Luftverkehrsgesetz regulates that the costs related to §27c Luftverkehrsgesetz are covered by the State for a number of specific airports.
Ker so bili zadevni prispevki dodeljeni brez predhodne odobritve Komisije, Nemčija ni spoštovala prepovedi iz člena 108(3) PDEU.
While the Commission does not, in the present case, need to decide whether the provision may grant an advantage to those airports that profit from State financing pursuant to §27d and §27f Luftverkehrsgesetz, it is clear that the law envisages that all other airports have to bear the relevant costs themselves.
UKREP 3 – NARAVA POMOČI PROGRAMA NERES
In this light, costs related to air traffic control and meteorological services must be considered to constitute normal operating expenses of at least those airports not addressed by §27d and §27f Luftverkehrsgesetz.
GOSPODARSKA PREDNOST IN UPORABA NAČELA UDELEŽENCA V TRŽNEM GOSPODARSTVU
With respect to measures pursuant to §8 Luftsicherheitsgesetz, it appears that Germany considers that all costs related to the measures prescribed therein may be borne by the relevant public authorities.
Da bi Komisija ugotovila, ali je družba FD dodelila prednost letalskim prevoznikom, ki so izkoristili program NERES, mora preučiti, ali bi v podobnih okoliščinah letališče, ki deluje pod običajnimi pogoji v tržnem gospodarstvu in ga usmerjajo možnosti dolgoročnejše donosnosti, sklenilo enake ali podobne poslovne sporazume kot družba FD.
The Commission notes, however, that pursuant to §8(3) Luftsicherheitsgesetz only the costs related to the provision and maintenance of spaces and premises necessary for the performance of the measures listed therein may be reimbursed.
Obstoj prednosti se običajno lahko izključi, če (a) cena, zaračunana za letališke storitve, ustreza tržni ceni ali (b) je s predhodno analizo mogoče dokazati, da naj bi shema pristojbin po pričakovanjih dodatno prispevala k donosnosti letališča in je del celotne strategije letališča, ki vodi k dolgoročni donosnosti.
All other costs must be borne by the airport operator.
Poleg tega mora biti infrastruktura letališča odprta za vse letalske prevoznike (to vključuje infrastrukturo, za katero je več verjetnosti, da jo bodo uporabile nekatere kategorije letalskih prevoznikov, kot so nizkocenovni ali čarterski prevozniki).
Hence, to the extent that public financing granted to FD relieved that undertaking of costs it had to bear pursuant to §8(3) Luftsicherheitsgesetz, that public financing is not exempted from scrutiny under Union State aid rules.
V skladu s sodbo Charleroi [53] mora Komisija pri oceni zadevnih ukrepov upoštevati tudi vse pomembne značilnosti ukrepov in njihovo ozadje.
Conclusions on public policy remit
Z drugimi besedami, Komisija mora analizirati predvideni učinek programa NERES na družbo FD ob upoštevanju vseh pomembnih značilnosti zadevnega ukrepa.
In the light of the above considerations, the Commission finds it appropriate to draw more specific conclusions regarding investment costs and operating costs allegedly falling with the public policy remit.
Sodišče je v sodbi Stardust Marine odločilo, da je „[…] za preveritev vprašanja, ali je država ravnala kot preudaren vlagatelj, ki deluje pod pogoji tržnega gospodarstva, potrebna umestitev v obdobje, v katerem so bili sprejeti ukrepi finančne podpore, da se oceni gospodarska racionalnost ravnanja države in s tem prepreči kakršna koli ocena na podlagi poznejših razmer“ [54].
As regards investment and operating costs linked to the fire brigade, the Commission accepts that these costs qualify as public policy remit costs, in so far as the remuneration of these costs is strictly limited to what is necessary to pursue these activities.
Komisija se mora za izvedbo preskusa udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu umestiti v obdobje, ko je bil sprejet program NERES.
As regards investment and operating costs linked to measures taken pursuant to §8 Luftsicherheitsgesetz, the Commission considers that only those costs for which the airport operator is entitled to reimbursement pursuant to §8(3) Luftsicherheitsgesetz qualify as public policy remit costs.
Oceno mora opreti tudi na informacije in domneve, ki so bile na voljo ob sprejetju programa NERES.
With respect to air traffic control and air safety measures pursuant to §27c(2) Luftverkehrsgesetz, and noting that Dortmund airport is not one of the airports for which a corresponding need has been recognised by the Federal government pursuant to §27d(1) and §27f(1) Luftverkehrsgesetz, the Commission finds that operating costs linked to air traffic control and air safety measures as well as meteorological services cannot qualify as public policy remit costs.
ANALIZA DONOSNOSTI PROGRAMA NERES
In any case, regardless of the legal classification of those costs as falling within the public remit or not, it has been demonstrated that they must be borne by the airport operator, under the applicable legal framework.
Komisija zdaj meni, da je najustreznejše merilo za oceno dogovorov, ki jih letališča sklenejo z letalskimi prevozniki, predhodna analiza dodatne donosnosti.
Accordingly, where the State pays for those costs, the airport operator would be relieved from a cost that it should normally have incurred.
V zvezi s tem meni, da je razlikovanje cen standardna poslovna praksa, če je to v skladu z vsem ustreznim konkurenčnim pravom in sektorsko zakonodajo.
Also, operating costs related to ensuring the operational safety of the airport do not qualify as public policy remit costs.
Vendar bi morale biti takšne politike razlikovanja cen komercialno upravičene, da bi bile skladne s preskusom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.
STATE RESOURCES AND IMPUTABILITY TO THE STATE
Podobno je treba upoštevati tudi vse pričakovane dodatne stroške, ki jih ima letališče v zvezi z dejavnostjo letalskega prevoznika na letališču.
Any advantage granted through State resources by the State itself or by any intermediary body acting by virtue of powers conferred on it may be State aid [41].
Taki dodatni stroški lahko obsegajo vse kategorije odhodkov ali naložb, npr. dodatne stroške za zaposlene, opremo in naložbe, nastalih zaradi navzočnosti letalskega prevoznika na letališču.
Resources of local authorities are, for the application of Article 107 of the Treaty, State resources [42].
Če je treba letališče na primer razširiti ali zgraditi nov terminal ali druge objekte, zlasti za izpolnitev potreb določenega letalskega prevoznika, bi bilo treba take stroške upoštevati pri izračunu dodatnih stroškov.
The 1991 PLTA in favour of FD was concluded by DSW21.
Nasprotno pa se stroški, ki bi jih letališče moralo kriti v vsakem primeru in ne glede na dogovor z letalskim prevoznikom, ne bi smeli upoštevati pri preskusu udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.
DSW21 is a holding of utility companies and companies managing the infrastructure of the city of Dortmund.
Komisija bo pri oceni dogovorov med letališčem in letalskim prevoznikom upoštevala tudi obseg, v katerem se lahko zadevni dogovori štejejo za del izvajanja splošne strategije letališča, ki naj bi vsaj dolgoročno vodila k donosnosti.
It is fully owned by the city of Dortmund.
Do programa NERES so bili upravičeni vsi letalski prevozniki, ki so uporabljali letališče ter so izpolnjevali pogoje glede obsega potnikov in uvedbe novih prog.
For this reason DWS21 is clearly a public undertaking according to Article 2(b) of Commission Directive 2006/111/EC [43].
To ni bil poseben dogovor za letalskega prevoznika ali skupino letalskih prevoznikov.
The 1991 PLTA was part of the decision of the city of Dortmund to transfer FD from a direct ownership by the city into the DSW21 holding structure.
Do uvedbe programa NERES se je na splošno uporabljala shema pristojbin iz leta 2000.
This was decided and implemented by the city of Dortmund.
Zato je imela družba FD ob uvedbi programa NERES na voljo naslednje tri izbire: (i) ohraniti shemo iz leta 2000 z višjimi letališkimi pristojbinami kot splošno shemo, ki se uporablja za vse uporabnike, ali (ii) uvesti program NERES z nižjimi letališkimi pristojbinami, kot so bile določene v shemi iz leta 2000.
Hence, the 1991 PLTA is imputable to the State and involves State resources.
Za družbo FD je zaradi obsežne izgradnje infrastrukture pred letom 2000 značilna visoka stopnja stalnih stroškov, in sicer stalnih stroškov naložb v osnovna sredstva in stroškov poslovanja.
ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE
Njena visoko razvita infrastruktura zahteva velik delež stroškov poslovanja, ki se ne spreminjajo glede na število letalskih prevoznikov ali potnikov.
An advantage within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty is any economic benefit which an undertaking would not have obtained under normal market conditions, that is to say in the absence of State intervention [44].
Družba FD je pred sprejetjem odločitve o uporabi programa NERES pripravila finančno napoved in napoved prometa za možnosti s programom NERES in brez njega, pri čemer je uporabila različne sklope predpostavk kot osnovni, najslabši in najugodnejši scenarij.
Only the effect of the measure on the undertaking is relevant, not the cause nor the objective of the State intervention [45].
Učinek povečanja zaradi programa NERES kot splošne sheme letaliških pristojbin je bil primerjan z navedenimi alternativnimi scenariji.
Whenever the financial situation of the undertaking is improved as a result of State intervention, an advantage is present.
Družba FD je ocenila pozitivni finančni učinek uvedbe programa NERES.
The Commission further recalls that ‘capital placed directly or indirectly at the disposal of an undertaking by the State in circumstances which correspond to normal market conditions cannot be regarded as State aid’ [46].
V zvezi s tem je v preglednici 24 povzeta dodatna donosnost zaradi programa NERES.
In the present case, in order to determine whether the 1991 PLTA grants FD an advantage that it would not have received under normal market conditions, the Commission has to compare the conduct of the public authorities providing the direct investment grants and capital injections to that of a MEO who is guided by prospects of profitability in the long term [47].
Preglednica 24
The assessment should leave aside any positive repercussions on the economy of the region in which the airport is located, since the Court has clarified that the relevant question for applying the MEO principle is whether ‘in similar circumstances a private shareholder, having regard to the foreseeability of obtaining a return and leaving aside all social, regional-policy and sectoral considerations, would have subscribed the capital in question’ [48].
Dodatna donosnost programa NERES v obdobju 2004–2009 (v tisoč EUR)
In Stardust Marine the Court stated that, ‘[…] in order to examine whether or not the State has adopted the conduct of a prudent investor operating in a market economy, it is necessary to place oneself in the context of the period during which the financial support measures were taken in order to assess the economic rationality of the State's conduct, and thus to refrain from any assessment based on a later situation’ [49].
Dodatni stroški
Furthermore, the Court declared in the EDF case that, ‘[…] for the purposes of showing that, before or at the same time as conferring the advantage, the Member State took that decision as a shareholder, it is not enough to rely on economic evaluations made after the advantage was conferred, on a retrospective finding that the investment made by the Member State concerned was actually profitable, or on subsequent justifications of the course of action actually chosen’ [50].
Dodatni prihodki
In order to be able to apply the MEO principle, the Commission has to place itself at the time when the decision to conclude the 1991 PLTA between FD and DWS21 was taken.
Dodatni dobiček
The Commission must also base its assessment on the information and assumptions which were at the disposal of the city of Dortmund at the tim, when the measure was adopted.
Neto sedanja vrednost [55]
The Commission notes that according to Germany the 1991 PLTA was concluded as an alternative way to finance the contruction of the infrastructure of FD.
10,7 milijona EUR
The 1991 PLTA maintained this function until today.
Neto sedanja vrednost dodatnih dobičkov programa NERES v obdobju 2004–2009 naj bi po pričakovanjih dosegla 10,7 milijona EUR.
Later it became also the tool to finance opperating losses of FD.
Iz preglednice 24 je razvidno, da se je od prvega leta uvedbe programa NERES in v celotnem obdobju njegove uporabe pričakovalo, da bo pozitivno prispeval k donosnosti družbe FD.
Germany does not argue that the 1991 PLTA would be expected to provide returns for the investment or for the operating expenditure.
Dodatni prihodki zaradi uvedbe programa NERES naj bi bili vsako leto višji od dodatnih stroškov.
The financial forecasts that were provided for NERES (Table 15) and NEO (Table 18) also show that DSW21 did not expect FD to reach profitability when taking into account full costs and revenues.
Ne glede na osnovni, najslabši in najugodnejši scenarij se je pričakoval pozitivni dodatni prispevek.
DSW21 did not foresee that the future revenues from the financing of the airport's losses would outweigh the losses incurred with an appropriate profit margin.
Nemčija je predložila tudi naknadne podatke (kot so predstavljeni v preglednicah 25 in 26) v zvezi s stroški in prihodki, za katere meni, da so se povečali zaradi navzočnosti letalskih prevoznikov na letališču Dortmund med letoma 2000 in 2011 (vključno z obdobjem pred uvedbo programa NERES).
Therefore, the Commission concludes that the airport would not have obtained such an economic advantage under normal market conditions.
Kot stroške poslovanja, ki jih je mogoče neposredno pripisati letalskim prevoznikom, je štela samo stroške trženja (kot so predstavljeni v preglednici 25).
Article 107(1) of the Treaty provides that in order to be defined as State aid a measure must favour ‘certain undertakings or the production of certain goods’.
Ti podatki (do leta 2004) so bili na voljo, ko je bila sprejeta odločitev o uvedbi programa NERES in vključitvi letalskih prevoznikov v shemo.
The Commission notes that this financing of capital costs was paid only to FD.
Zaradi teh dodatnih prihodkov in ker ni bilo dodatnih stroškov, je lahko letališče letalskim prevoznikom ponudilo popuste in druge spodbude, da bi ohranilo ali povečalo število potnikov na letališču.
Thus, it is selective within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty.
Če prihodki, ki jih ustvarijo letalski prevozniki, krijejo dodatne stroške letališča, vključno s stroški, kot so popusti in spodbude, pozitivno prispevajo k splošni donosnosti letališča.
DISTORTION OF COMPETITION AND EFFECT ON TRADE
Komisija ugotavlja, da so doseženi dodatni prihodki in stroški dejansko omogočili pozitivni prispevek pogodb k donosnosti letališča med izvajanjem programa NERES v obdobju 2004–2009.
When aid granted by a Member State strengthens the position of an undertaking compared to other undertakings competing in the internal market, the latter must be regarded as affected by that aid.
Komisija nadalje ugotavlja, da bi morala pri oceni dogovorov med letališčem in letalskim prevoznikom oceniti tudi obseg, v katerem se lahko obravnavani dogovori štejejo za del izvajanja splošne strategije letališča, ki vsaj dolgoročno vodi k donosnosti.
In accordance with settled case law [51], for a measure to distort competition it is sufficient that the recipient of the aid competes with other undertakings on markets open to competition.
V zvezi s tem mora Komisija upoštevati dejanske dokaze, ki so bili na voljo, in razvoj, ki ga je bilo mogoče razumno pričakovati, ko je bila sprejeta shema pristojbin NERES.
As set out in recitals 184 to 186 the operation of an airport constitutes an economic activity and competition takes place between airports to attract passengers and airlines.
Zlasti je treba upoštevati prevladujoče tržne pogoje, predvsem tržne spremembe, ki so jih sprožili liberalizacija trga zračnega prometa, vstop na trg in razvoj nizkocenovnih prevoznikov in drugih prevoznikov, ki ponujajo storitve od točke do točke, spremembe v organizacijski in ekonomski strukturi letališke industrije ter stopnja diverzifikacije in kompleksnosti nalog, ki jih opravljajo letališča, okrepitev konkurence med letalskimi prevozniki in letališči, negotovo gospodarsko okolje zaradi sprememb v prevladujočih tržnih pogojih ali druge negotovosti v gospodarskem okolju.
Therefore, FD competes with other undertakings on a market open to competition.
Preglednica 15 prikazuje pričakovane rezultate poslovanja (z uporabo EBITDA), ki so del predhodnih napovedanih scenarijev, pripravljenih za odločanje v zvezi s sprejetjem programa NERES.
The economic advantage which FD received strengthens its position vis-à-vis its competitors on the European market of providers of airport services.
Upoštevana sta umik podjetij s celotnimi storitvami z letališča Dortmund in nadaljnji razvoj nizkocenovnih letalskih prevoznikov, ki so največ prispevali k rasti v tej regiji.
Dortmund airport currently serves approxmately 1,9 million passengers per year.
Iz preglednice 15 je razvidno tudi, da naj bi družba FD tri leta po uvedbi programa NERES ponovno dosegla donosnost na ravni EBITDA.
As noted in Table 1 Dortmund airport is located within one hour's travel time by car and less than 100 km from Düsseldorf airport, Münster/Osnabrück airport and Paderborn/Lippstadt airport and within two hours' drive from three other airports.
Shema naj bi po pričakovanjih od prvega leta dalje prinesla pozitivni dodatni dobiček, čeprav bi privabila manj potnikov, kot je bilo pričakovano.
There are international flights from Dormund airport, among them also to destinations served by Münster/Osnabrück airport and Paderborn/Lippstadt airport (Palma de Mallorca, Munich and Antalya).
Tudi študija, ki jo je za Komisijo opravila družba ECORYS, je potrdila, da se je razumno pričakovalo, da bi se udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu odločil izvesti shemo NERES.
In light of these facts, it must be considered that public funding to FD distorts or threatens to distort competition and has at least a potential effect on trade.
Po tej študiji bi bila druga možnost – zaprtje letališča – dražja.
EXISTING AID AND NEW AID
Komisija lahko glede na pozitivni prispevek k donosnosti letališča ugotovi tudi, da je bil program NERES uveden na podlagi strategije za dolgoročno doseganje donosnosti.
In the light of recitals 176 to 178, the Commission considers that the 1991 PLTA was irrevocably signed in 1991, prior to the General Court judgment in Aéroports de Paris, so that public authorities could legitimately consider that the 1991 PLTA did not constitute State aid.
Zato je shema skladna z načelom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.