natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The impact of these provisions on the effectiveness of the constitutional review is a matter of concern in respect of the rule of law, as it prevents the Constitutional Tribunal from fully ensuring an effective constitutional review, and grant effective and timely judicial redress in all cases.
Dokler je ustavnemu sodišču preprečeno celovito zagotavljanje učinkovitega ustavnega pregleda, po mnenju Komisije ni mogoče učinkovito preveriti, ali so zakonodajni akti, kot so tisti, navedeni zgoraj, skladni z ustavo in temeljnimi pravicami.
Transitional provisions for pending cases
Komisija na primer ugotavlja, da nova zakonodaja (zlasti zakonodaja o medijih [48]) vzbuja pomisleke glede svobode in pluralnosti medijev.
Article 83(1) provides: ‘The provisions of this Act shall apply to cases begun but not completed before the date of this Act's entry into force.’
Natančneje, nova zakonodaja o medijih spreminja pravila za imenovanje upravnega odbora in nadzornega sveta javne radiotelevizije, kar pomeni, da svet ni več neodvisni organ, ampak je pod nadzorom vlade (ministra za finance).
According to Article 83(2) ‘The Tribunal must settle cases referred to in paragraph 1 within one year of this Act's entry into force.
Nova zakonodaja določa tudi takojšnjo razpustitev obstoječih nadzornih odborov in upravnih svetov.
The time-limit of one year shall not apply to the cases specified in Article 84.’
V zvezi s tem Komisija zlasti dvomi v možnosti sodnega varstva za osebe, ki jih zadeva zakon.
Article 84(1) states: ‘In the case of applications filed by the entities referred to in Article 191(1), subparagraphs 1 to 5, of the Constitution pending before the date of this Act's entry into force, the Tribunal shall (…) suspend proceedings for six months and call on the applicants to supplement their applications in accordance with the requirements of Article 33(2) to (5).’
Zakonodaja, kot je novi zakon o javni upravi [49], je prav tako pomembna z vidika načela pravne države in temeljnih pravic.
Article 84(2) provides: ‘If an application referred to in paragraph 1 is supplemented in accordance with the requirements of Article 33(2) to (5), the Tribunal shall order the resumption of the suspended proceedings on expiry of the time-limit referred to in paragraph 1.
V zvezi s tem je Komisija v dopisu s 1. februarja in dopisu s 3. marca 2016 [50] poljsko vlado vprašala, kakšne so možnosti sodnega varstva za osebe, ki jih zadeva zakon.
Otherwise the proceedings shall be discontinued.’
Poljska vlada Komisiji doslej ni odgovorila.
Article 85(1) states: ‘If the date of a hearing has been set before this Act's entry into force, the hearing shall be postponed and the competent panel shall be adjusted to this Act.’
Tudi zakon o spremembi zakona o policiji in nekaterih drugih zakonov [51] vzbuja vprašanja glede spoštovanja temeljnih pravic, vključno z zasebnostjo in varstvom podatkov.
The hearing shall take place in accordance with this Act.’
Komisija meni, da učinkovitega nadzora skladnosti zakonodajnih aktov s temeljnimi pravicami ne bo mogoče zagotoviti, dokler je ustavnemu sodišču preprečeno celovito zagotavljanje učinkovitega ustavnega pregleda.
Article 86 provides: ‘If the date of publication of a ruling has been set before this Act's entry into force, publication shall be postponed and the competent panel and the requirements concerning the ruling shall be adjusted to this Act.’
To vzbuja resne pomisleke v zvezi z načelom pravne države, zlasti ker je Sejm nedavno sprejel več posebej občutljivih novih zakonodajnih aktov, ki bi morali biti predmet ustavnega pregleda.
On the one hand, Article 83(2) fixes a deadline of 1 year from the date of entry into force of the Act to deal with pending cases.
Ti pomisleki so še toliko večji zaradi dejstva, da, kot je navedeno zgoraj, zakon z 22. julija 2016 predvideva, da se več odprtih zadev začasno zamrzne.
However, on the other hand, Article 84 provides, by derogation to Article 83(2), that pending applications (i.e. applications by institutional actors for constitutional review of legislation) shall be frozen for a period of 6 months.
UGOTOVITEV SISTEMSKE NEVARNOSTI ZA NAČELO PRAVNE DRŽAVE
The Tribunal would request the applicants to supplement their applications in order to comply with the new procedural requirements, and would be able to resume its work on these applications only after this period of 6 months has lapsed (even if the applicants have supplemented their application before).
Iz zgoraj navedenih razlogov Komisija meni, da obstaja sistemska nevarnost za načelo pravne države na Poljskem.
The Law does not provide for an exception to handle urgent cases more rapidly.
Dejstvo, da ustavno sodišče ne more v celoti zagotoviti učinkovitega ustavnega pregleda, negativno vpliva na njegovo celovitost, stabilnost in pravilno delovanje, in s tem na enega od temeljnih jamstev pravne države na Poljskem.
Articles 85 and 86 amount to legislative interference with pending cases, in particular with those which are already at an advanced stage, and could hamper the functioning of the Tribunal.
V državah, v katerih je vzpostavljen sistem ustavnega sodstva, je njegova učinkovitost ključni element pravne države.
These transitional provisions taken together raise important concerns as they will slow down significantly the work of the Tribunal on applications and prevent the Tribunal from fully ensuring an effective constitutional review.
Spoštovanje načela pravne države ni zgolj predpogoj za varstvo vseh temeljnih vrednot iz člena 2 Pogodbe o Evropski uniji.
This is particularly relevant in the context of all the sensitive new legislative acts as referred to in the Commission opinion (see below in section 4.3).
Je tudi predpogoj za ohranjanje vseh pravic in obveznosti, ki izhajajo iz pogodb in mednarodnega prava, in za vzpostavitev vzajemnega zaupanja državljanov, podjetij in nacionalnih organov v pravne sisteme vseh drugih držav članic.
Article 92 of the law adopted on 22 July 2016 provides that ‘This Act shall enter into force 14 days after its publication.’
PRIPOROČENO UKREPANJE
Unless recourse is had to a preventive constitutional review of the Act, the period of vacatio legis of 14 days is too short for an effective constitutional review of the Law.
Komisija priporoča, da poljski organi sprejmejo nujne ustrezne ukrepe za odpravljanje te sistemske nevarnosti za načelo pravne države.
For reasons of legal certainty it is important that enough time should be provided to allow the Constitutional Tribunal to review the constitutionality of the Law before its entry into force.
Komisija zlasti priporoča, da poljski organi:
In this respect it is recalled that in its opinion of 11 March 2016, the Venice Commission stressed that the Constitutional Tribunal must have a possibility of reviewing an ordinary statute that regulates the functioning of the Tribunal before the statute enters into force.
v celoti izvršijo sodbi ustavnega sodišča s 3. in 9. decembra 2015, ki zahtevata, da trije sodniki, ki jih je oktobra 2015 zakonito imenovala prejšnja sestava Sejma, nastopijo svojo funkcijo ustavnih sodnikov in da trije sodniki, ki jih je imenovala nova sestava Sejma brez ustrezne pravne podlage, svoje funkcije sodnika ne nastopijo, ne da bi bili zakonito imenovani;
Consequences of the lack of effectiveness of Constitutional review on new legislation
objavijo in v celoti izvršijo sodbo ustavnega sodišča z 9. marca 2016 in poznejše sodbe ter zagotovijo, da bodo prihodnje sodbe objavljene samodejno, ne pa glede na odločitev izvršilnih ali zakonodajnih oblasti;
A number of particularly sensitive new legislative acts have been adopted by the Sejm, often through accelerated legislative procedures, such as, in particular, a media law [41], a new Civil Service Act [42], a law amending the law on the Police and certain other laws [43] and laws on the Public Prosecution Office [44], and a new law on the Ombudsman and amending certain other laws [45].
zagotovijo, da bodo vse reforme zakona o ustavnem sodišču spoštovale sodbe ustavnega sodišča, vključno s sodbama s 3. in 9. decembra 2015 in sodbo z 9. marca 2016, ter v celoti upoštevale mnenje Beneške komisije; zagotovijo, da učinkovitost ustavnega sodišča kot varuha ustave ne bo oslabljena zaradi učinka, bodisi posamičnega bodisi kombiniranega, zahtev, kot so na primer zgoraj navedene, ki se nanašajo na kvorum za sklepčnost, obravnavanje zadev v časovnem zaporedju, možnost generalnega državnega tožilca, da prepreči preučitev zadev, odložitev posvetovanj ali prehodne ukrepe, ki vplivajo na odprte zadeve in predvidevajo zamrznitev zadev;
The Commission asked the Polish Government about the state of play and content of these legislative reforms in its letters of 1 February 2016 and 3 March 2016, but so far this information has not been provided.
omogočijo, da ustavno sodišče opravi ustavni pregled novega zakona o ustavnem sodišču z 22. julija 2016, preden ta začne veljati, ter objavijo in v celoti izvršijo sodbo sodišča v zvezi s tem;
In addition, a number of other sensitive draft legislative acts have been adopted by the Sejm, such as the Law on the National Council of Media [46] and a new anti-terrorism law [47].
se vzdržijo ukrepov in javnih izjav, ki bi lahko spodkopale legitimnost in učinkovitost ustavnega sodišča.
The Commission considers that as long as the Constitutional Tribunal is prevented from fully ensuring an effective constitutional review, there will be no effective scrutiny of compliance with the Constitution, including fundamental rights, of legislative acts such as those referred to above.
Komisija poudarja, da je lojalno sodelovanje, ki je potrebno med različnimi državnimi institucijami v zadevah, povezanih z načelom pravne države, bistvenega pomena za iskanje rešitve v trenutnih razmerah.
The Commission notes for example that new legislation (notably the media legislation [48]) raises concerns relating to freedom and pluralism of the media.
Komisija prav tako spodbuja poljske organe, naj pridobijo mnenje Beneške komisije o novem zakonu o ustavnem sodišču z 22. julija 2016.
More specifically, the new media legislation modifies the rules for the appointment of the Management and Supervisory Boards of the public service broadcasters, putting them under the control of the Government (the Treasury Minister), rather than an independent body.
Komisija poziva poljsko vlado, naj odpravi težave, navedene v tem priporočilu, v treh mesecih po prejemu tega priporočila, in Komisijo obvesti o ukrepih, sprejetih v ta namen.
The new legislation also provides for the immediate dismissal of the existing Supervisory and Management Boards.
Na podlagi tega priporočila je Komisija pripravljena nadaljevati konstruktiven dialog s poljsko vlado.
In that respect the Commission questions in particular the possibilities of judicial redress for the persons affected by the law.
V Bruslju, 27. julija 2016
Legislation such as the new Civil Service Act [49] is equally important from the perspective of the rule of law and fundamental rights.
Za Komisijo
In that respect the Commission has asked the Polish Government about the possibilities of judicial redress for the persons affected by the law in its letters of 1 February and 3 March 2016 [50].
Podpredsednik
The Polish Government has so far not replied to the Commission on this point.
COM(2014) 158 final, v nadaljnjem besedilu: Sporočilo.
The law amending the law on the Police and certain other laws [51] may also raise questions relating to its compliance with fundamental rights, including privacy and data protection.
Glej COM(2014) 158 final, oddelek 2, Priloga I.
On 28-29 April 2016, a delegation of the Venice Commission visited Warsaw to discuss the amendments to the Law on the Police and certain other laws, and delivered an opinion in its session of 10-11 June 2016 [52].
Glej odstavek 4.1 Sporočila.
The opinion states, inter alia, that the procedural safeguards and material conditions set in the Law are still insufficient to prevent its excessive use and unjustified interference with the privacy of individuals.
Dopis prvega podpredsednika Fransa Timmermansa ministru za zunanje zadeve Witoldu Waszczykowskemu in ministru za pravosodje Zbigniewu Ziobru s 23. decembra 2015.
This raises serious concerns in respect of the rule of law, notably as a number of particularly sensitive new legislative acts have been adopted recently by the Sejm for which constitutional review should be available.
Dopis ministra za pravosodje Zbigniewa Ziobra prvemu podpredsedniku Komisije Fransu Timmermansu z 11. januarja 2016.
These concerns are further increased by the fact that, as set out above, the law adopted on 22 July 2016 foresees that a number of pending cases would be put on hold.
Dopis prvega podpredsednika Fransa Timmermansa ministru za pravosodje Zbigniewu Ziobru s 13. januarja 2016.
FINDING OF A SYSTEMIC THREAT TO THE RULE OF LAW
Dopis komisarja Güntherja Oettingerja ministru za pravosodje Zbigniewu Ziobru z 19. januarja 2016.
For the reasons set out above the Commission is of the opinion that there is a situation of a systemic threat to the rule of law in Poland.
Dopis ministra za pravosodje Zbigniewa Ziobra prvemu podpredsedniku Komisije Fransu Timmermansu z 19. januarja 2016.
The fact that the Constitutional Tribunal is prevented from fully ensuring an effective constitutional review adversely affects its integrity, stability and proper functioning, which is one of the essential safeguards of the rule of law in Poland.
Dopis prvega podpredsednika Fransa Timmermansa ministru za pravosodje Zbigniewu Ziobru s 1. februarja 2016.
Where a constitutional justice system has been established, its effectiveness is a key component of the rule of law.
Dopis ministra za zunanje zadeve Witolda Waszczykowskega prvemu podpredsedniku Komisije Fransu Timmermansu z 29. februarja 2016.
Respect for the rule of law is not only a prerequisite for the protection of all fundamental values listed in Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union.
Dopis prvega podpredsednika Fransa Timmermansa ministru za zunanje zadeve Witoldu Waszczykowskemu s 3. marca 2016.
It is also a prerequisite for upholding all rights and obligations deriving from the Treaties and from international law, and for establishing mutual trust of citizens, businesses and national authorities in the legal systems of all other Member States.
Mnenje št. 833/2015, CDL-AD(2016)001.
RECOMMENDED ACTION
Od 9. marca 2016 tako ni bilo objavljenih dvajset sodb ustavnega sodišča.
The Commission recommends that the Polish authorities take appropriate action to address this systemic threat to the rule of law as a matter of urgency.
Dopis ministra za pravosodje Witolda Waszczykowskega prvemu podpredsedniku Komisije Fransu Timmermansu s 24. junija 2016.
In particular the Commission recommends that the Polish authorities:
Mnenje, točka 112.
implement fully the judgments of the Constitutional Tribunal of 3 and 9 December 2015 which requires that the three judges that were lawfully nominated in October 2015 by the previous legislature can take up their function of judge in the Constitutional Tribunal, and that the three judges nominated by the new legislature without a valid legal basis do not take up the post of judge without being validly elected;
Mnenje, točka 136.
publish and implement fully the judgments of the Constitutional Tribunal of 9 March 2016 and its subsequent judgments and ensure that the publication of future judgments is automatic and does not depend on any decision of the executive or legislative powers;
Zakon o ustavnem sodišču s 25. junija 2015, objavljen v Uradnem listu 30. julija 2015, točka 1064, kot je bil spremenjen.
ensure that any reform of the Law on the Constitutional Tribunal respects the judgments of the Constitutional Tribunal, including the judgments of 3 and 9 December 2015 and the judgment of 9 March 2016, and takes the opinion of the Venice Commission fully into account; ensure that the effectiveness of the Constitutional Tribunal as a guarantor of the Constitution is not undermined by requirements, whether separately or through their combined effect, such as those referred to above relating to the attendance quorum, the handling of cases in chronological order, the possibility for the Public Prosecutor-General to prevent the examination of cases, the postponement of deliberations or transitional measures affecting pending cases and putting cases on hold;
Zakon z 22. decembra 2015 je bil v Uradnem listu objavljen 28. decembra; točka 2217.
ensure that the Constitutional Tribunal can review the compatibility of the new law adopted on 22 July 2016 on the Constitutional Tribunal before its entry into force and publish and implement fully the judgment of the Tribunal in that respect;
Mnenje, točka 41.
refrain from actions and public statements which could undermine the legitimacy and efficiency of the Constitutional Tribunal.
Glej novi člen 1(9), ki nadomešča člen 44(1–3).
The Commission underlines that the loyal cooperation which is required amongst the different state institutions in rule of law related matters is essential in order to find a solution in the present situation.
Glej novi člen 1(14), ki nadomešča člen 99(1).
The Commission also encourages the Polish authorities to seek the views of the Venice Commission on the new law adopted on 22 July 2016 on the Constitutional Tribunal.
Glej novi člen 1(10), ki uvaja nov člen 80(2).
The Commission invites the Polish Government to solve the problems identified in this recommendation within 3 months of receipt of this recommendation, and to inform the Commission of the steps taken to that effect.
Glej novi člen 1(12), ki nadomešča člen 87(2).
On the basis of this recommendation, the Commission stands ready to pursue a constructive dialogue with the Polish Government.
Glej novi člen 1(5), ki uvaja nov člen 28a, in novi člen 1(7), ki uvaja nov člen 31a.
Done at Brussels, 27 July 2016.
Ta novi kvorum za sklepčnost velja tudi za resolucije generalne skupščine, razen če ni z zakonom določeno drugače, glej novi člen 1(3), ki spreminja člen 10(1).
For the Commission
V skladu s spremembo enaka pravila (kvorum za sklepčnost in dvotretjinska večina glasov) veljajo tudi za generalno skupščino sodišča.
Vice-President
Glej novi člen 2.
COM(2014) 158 final, hereinafter ‘the Communication’.
Glej novi člen 1(12).
See COM(2014) 158 final, section 2, Annex I.
Glej novi člen 1(5).
See para 4.1 of the Communication.
Glej novi člen 1(7).
Ibid.
Glej novi člen 1(5), ki uvaja nov člen 28a.
Law adopted on 22 December 2015 amending the Law of 25 June 2015 on the Constitutional Tribunal.
Glej novi člen 1(7), ki uvaja nov člen 31a.
The amending Law was published in the Official Journal on 28 December; item 2217.
Zakon o spremembi zakona o medijih s 30. decembra 2015, objavljen v Uradnem listu 7. januarja 2016, točka 25.
Letter of 23 December 2015 from First Vice-President Timmermans to Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr Waszczykowski and Minister of Justice Mr Ziobro.
Zakon o spremembi zakona o javni upravi in nekaterih drugih zakonov s 30. decembra 2015, objavljen v Uradnem listu 8. januarja 2016, točka 34.
Letter of 30 December 2015 from First Vice-President Timmermans to Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr Waszczykowski and Minister of Justice Mr Ziobro.
Zakon o spremembi zakona o policiji in nekaterih drugih zakonov s 15. januarja 2016, objavljen v Uradnem listu 4. februarja 2016, točka 147.
Letter of 7 January 2016 from Undersecretary of State Mr Stepkowski to First Vice-President Timmermans.
Zakon o javnem tožilstvu z 28. januarja 2016, objavljen v Uradnem listu 15. februarja 2016, točka 177; Zakon o izvajanju zakona o javnem tožilstvu z 28. januarja 2016, objavljen v Uradnem listu 15. februarja 2016, točka 178;
Letter of 11 January 2016 from Minister of Justice Mr Ziobro to First Vice-President Timmermans.
Zakon o varuhu človekovih pravic in spremembi nekaterih drugih zakonov z 18. marca 2016.
Letter of 13 January 2016 from First Vice-President Timmermans to Minister of Justice Mr Ziobro.
Zakon je podpisal predsednik republike 4. maja 2016.
Letter of 19 January 2016 from Commissioner Oettinger to Minister of Justice Mr Ziobro.
Zakon o nacionalnem svetu za medije z 22. junija 2016.
Letter of 19 January 2016 from Minister of Justice Mr Ziobro to First Vice-President Timmermans.
Zakon je podpisal predsednik republike 27. junija 2016.
Letter of 1 February 2016 from First Vice-President Timmermans to Minister of Justice Mr Ziobro.
Zakon o boju proti terorizmu z 10. junija 2016.
Letter of 29 February 2016 from Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr Waszczykowski to First Vice-President Timmermans.
Zakon o spremembi zakona o medijih s 30. decembra 2015, objavljen v Uradnem listu 7. januarja 2016, točka 25, in Zakon o nacionalnem svetu za medije z 22. junija 2016.
Letter of 3 March 2016 from First Vice-President Timmermans to Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr Waszczykowski.
Dopis prvega podpredsednika Fransa Timmermansa ministru za pravosodje Zbigniewu Ziobru s 1. februarja 2016; dopis prvega podpredsednika Fransa Timmermansa ministru za zunanje zadeve Witoldu Waszczykowskemu s 3. marca 2016.
Opinion No 833/2015, CDL-AD(2016)001.
Mnenje št. 839/2016.
Letter of 24 June 2016 from Minister of Foreign Affairs Mr Waszczykowski to First Vice-President Timmermans.
23. decembra 2015 je poljska vlada Beneško komisijo zaprosila za mnenje o zakonu z 22. decembra 2015.
Opinion, para.
Vendar poljski parlament pred sprejetjem nadaljnjih ukrepov ni počakal na to mnenje, tako da je bil zakon 28. decembra 2015 objavljen v Uradnem listu in začel veljati.
112.
Zato bo sedanji predsednik sodišča svoj mandat v skladu s prejšnjimi zakonskimi določbami nadaljeval do izteka, tj. 19. decembra 2016.
Opinion, para.
V dopisu je bilo tudi navedeno, da bo mandat naslednjega predsednika trajal 3 leta.
136.
3. marca 2016 je Komisija pisala poljski vladi [16] in odgovorila na vprašanje glede imenovanja sodnikov iz dopisa poljske vlade z 29. februarja 2016.
Law of 25 June 2015 on the Constitutional Tribunal, published in Official Journal on 30 July 2015, item 1064, as amended.
V zvezi s spremembo zakona o ustavnem sodišču je v dopisu navedla, da glede na predhodno oceno nekatere spremembe, tako posamezno kot v kombinaciji, otežujejo pogoje, pod katerimi lahko ustavno sodišče presoja ustavnost nedavno sprejetih zakonov, in zaprosila za podrobnejša pojasnila v zvezi s tem.
The law adopted on 22 December 2015 was published in the Official Journal on 28 December; item 2217.
Predlog je vseboval več določb, ki jih je Beneška komisija v svojem mnenju z 11. marca 2016 že kritizirala in ki jih je ustavno sodišče v sodbi z 9. marca 2016 razglasilo za neustavne.
Opinion, para.
Mednje spada zahteva po dvotretjinski večini za sprejemanje odločitev za „abstraktni“ ustavni pregled na novo sprejetih zakonov.
41.
22. julija 2016 je Sejm sprejel nov zakon o ustavnem sodišču, ki nadomešča zakon o ustavnem sodišču s 25. junija 2015.
See Article 1(9) new, replacing Article 44(1-3).
Prva obravnava je potekala 10. junija 2016, druga se je začela 5. julija 2016, tretja pa se je zaključila 7. julija.
See Article 1(14) new, replacing Article 99(1).
Senat je spremembe sprejel 21. julija 2016.
See Article 1(10) new, inserting a new Article 80(2).
Sejm je 22. julija 2016 sprejel zakon, kot ga je spremenil senat.
See Article 1(12) new, replacing Article 87(2).
Preden zakon začne veljati, ga mora podpisati predsednik republike in mora biti objavljen v Uradnem listu.
See Article 1(5) new, inserting a new Article 28a and Article 1(7) new, inserting a new Article 31a.
Komisija je predložila pripombe in s poljskimi organi na različnih stopnjah zakonodajnega postopka razpravljala o vsebini osnutka zakona –
This new attendance quorum also applies for resolutions of the General Assembly, unless otherwise provided in the Law, see Article 1(3) new, amending Article 10(1).
V sodbi s 3. decembra [20] je ustavno sodišče med drugim razsodilo, da je bila prejšnja sestava Sejma upravičena do imenovanja treh sodnikov, ki so nadomestili sodnike, ki jim je mandat potekel 6. novembra 2015.
According to the amendment, the same rules — attendance quorum and a two-thirds majority of votes — also apply to the General Assembly of the Court.
Hkrati je sodišče pojasnilo, da Sejm ni bil upravičen do imenovanja dveh sodnikov, ki naj bi nadomestila tista, ki jima bi mandat potekel decembra.