natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Therefore, it opened the formal investigation procedure pursuant to Article 108(2) of the TFEU.
Po navedbah Nemčije potrošniki ne razlikujejo med hibridnimi, električnimi ali konvencionalnimi avtomobili, ker se zavedajo okoljskih posledic proizvodnje električne energije, ki se uporablja za pogon električnih avtomobilov, in ker imajo v zvezi s standardi za varstvo okolja in drugimi parametri enaka pričakovanja za vse tipe avtomobilov.
As stated in the opening decision, in the event that the comments received in the context of the formal investigation would not allow the Commission to conclude without any doubt that either the aid can be exempted from the application of the tests laid down in paragraph 68 of the RAG pursuant to footnote 65 of the RAG, or that the threshold in paragraph 68(a) is not exceeded, it would carry out an in-depth assessment of the investment project on the basis of its Communication concerning the criteria for an in-depth assessment of regional aid to large investment projects (hereinafter ‘IDAC’).
Upoštevni geografski trg za električne avtomobile je svetovni trg, saj naj bi se trgovinski tokovi razvili v vse smeri.
COMMENTS FROM INTERESTED PARTIES
Kitajska, Japonska in ZDA (ter nekatere države EU), ki subvencionirajo uporabo električnih avtomobilov in za delež avtomobilov na alternativni pogon na celotnem avtomobilskem trgu delno uporabljajo obvezne kvote, predstavljajo velik delež svetovnega trga.
The Commission received only comments from Germany.
Poleg tega so okvirni pogoji za svetovno trgovino z električnimi avtomobili enaki tistim, ki se veljajo za konvencionalne avtomobile, ali ugodnejši od njih.
Comments from Germany
Tudi če bi bil geografski trg trg EGP (za konvencionalne avtomobile), tržni delež družbe BMW AG, kot je bilo priznano v uvodni izjavi (88) sklepa o začetku postopka, ne bi dosegel 25-odstotnega praga niti pred naložbo niti po njej.
Germany maintains the argument that electric cars form part of the conventional car market.
Uporaba opombe 65
In that market, the BMW Group’s market share for whatever product market segmentation is below the 25 % threshold, both at the global level and in the EEA market.
Nemčija meni, da bi bilo treba, če bi se Komisija odločila, da bo električne avtomobile opredelila za ločen proizvodni trg, uporabiti sprotno opombo 65 smernic o regionalni pomoči.
However, Germany also argues that if the Commission should consider electric cars to constitute a separate product market from conventional cars, then footnote 65 of the RAG should be applied.
Nemčija se strinja, da upravičenka kljub inovativni konstrukciji karoserije, zaradi katere se modela i3 in i8 razlikujeta od konkurenčnih proizvodov, ni niti prva niti edina proizvajalka električnih vozil.
According to Germany, even if the Commission were unable to consent to the application of footnote 65 of the RAG and considered the electric car market to constitute a separate product market, the aid should be approved without an in-depth assessment, since the beneficiary’s market share in this (non-segmented electric car) market is below 25 % and the opening decision did not express doubts regarding the standard compatibility criteria of the RAG.
Strinja se tudi, da nekateri proizvajalci, ki proizvajajo električna vozila, že obstajajo in da bodo drugi na trg električnih avtomobilov vstopili do leta 2013/2014.
Alternatively, the Commission should apply IDAC in a flexible manner.
Vendar Nemčija predlaga, da bi se lahko opomba 65 glede na filozofijo in utemeljitev njenega obstoja v tem primeru, tudi če se zato ne bi neposredno uporabila, uporabila po analogiji.
Market definition and market shares
Po mnenju Nemčije je bila opomba 65 v smernice o regionalni pomoči dodana zato, ker prednosti, ki jih prava inovacija prinese konkurenčnosti in konkurenčnim pogojem na upoštevnem trgu, prevladajo nad prvotno velikimi tržnimi deleži inovatorjev in posledičnim kratkoročnim izkrivljanjem konkurence.
Relevant market is the global conventional car market
Uporaba preskusov iz točke 68 smernic o regionalni pomoči predpostavlja obstoj trga.
Germany argues that the relevant product market should be defined as the conventional car market and the relevant geographic market as the global worldwide market.
Novi trgi tega pogoja ne morejo izpolniti; podrobna ocena pri uporabi točke 68 bi kaznovala prvega na trgu in ovirala vzpostavljanje delujočega trga.
As hybrid cars do already today, electric cars will compete in the future with conventional cars, and electric and conventional cars will be considered by the consumers as substitutable products.
Nemčija meni, da pri statistično velikem prvotnem tržnem deležu in zmogljivosti prvega na trgu, na katerem se ponuja le malo število modelov in se je serijska proizvodnja začela šele pred kratkim, preskusov iz točke 68 ni mogoče smiselno uporabiti.
Despite admitted differences in range between the i3 model and comparable conventional cars (the i3 needs recharging long before fuel tanks are empty), both the i3 and comparable conventional cars serve the same purpose, as they have the same passenger room and attain the same speed.
Po njenem mnenju zadevna naložba ne spodbuja vzpostavitve prevladujočega položaja na trgu ali prinaša ustvarjanja presežnih zmogljivosti na nazadujočem trgu.
Demand side substitutability is even stronger for the i8 model, which attains the same range as conventional or hybrid cars.
Na kratko, ta zadeva je natanko tak primer, kot naj bi se obravnaval z neposredno uporabo opombe 65.
The price difference between electric and conventional cars can be reduced through subsidies for the buyer.
Nemčija zato ugotavlja, da se preskusa iz točke 68 ne bi smela izvesti in da bi bilo treba pomoč odobriti brez podrobne ocene.
According to Germany, customers do not differentiate between hybrid, electric or conventional cars because they are aware of the environmental consequences of the production of electricity which is used to propel electric cars and because they have uniform expectations regarding environmental protection standards and other parameters for all types of car.
Tržni delež je manjši od 25 % tudi na trgu električnih avtomobilov (na svetovnem trgu in trgu EGP)
The relevant geographic market for electric cars is the worldwide market, as trade flows are expected to develop in all directions.
Nemčija trdi, da je tržni delež upravičenke na trgu električnih avtomobilov (ne glede na to, ali je nadalje segmentiran) manjši od 25 %, tudi če bi Komisija ugotovila, da (1) električni avtomobili niso del trga konvencionalnih avtomobilov in da (2) se opomba 65 smernic o regionalni pomoči ne uporablja.
China, Japan and the USA (as well as some EU countries) which subsidise the use of electric cars and partially apply mandatory quotas for the share of alternative cars within the overall car market, represent a significant portion of the world market.
Nemčija navaja, da je tradicionalno segmentacijo trga konvencionalnih avtomobilov zaradi razlik v cenah in dolžini avtomobilov težko uporabiti za trg električnih avtomobilov, vendar se tako določijo napovedi deležev na trgu električnih avtomobilov.
In addition, the framework conditions for world trade in electric cars are the same or more favourable than those applied to conventional cars.
Zato je Nemčija poskušala model i3 razvrstiti v kombinirani segment C in D, saj avtomobil zaradi svoje cene spada v segment D, zaradi svoje dolžine pa v segment C. Upoštevati je treba tudi, da so uporabniki električnih avtomobilov iz vseh segmentov trga konvencionalnih avtomobilov, zato stroga segmentacija trga električnih avtomobilov ni smiselna.
Even if the geographic market were the EEA market (for conventional cars), the BMW AG’s market share would not reach the 25 % threshold either before or after the investment as it was recognised in recital 88 of the opening decision.
Nemčija meni, da se bo trg električnih avtomobilov zelo verjetno dinamično razvijal tako na ravni EGP kot tudi na svetovni ravni: Delež električnih avtomobilov na celotnem avtomobilskem trgu in število proizvajalcev se bosta v nekaj letih močno povečala.
Applicability of footnote 65
Tudi če bi upravičenka v nekaterih segmentih električnih avtomobilov dosegla tržni delež, večji od 25 %, to ne bi bil realističen scenarij ali pa bi trajal le kratek čas.
Germany considers that if the Commission should decide to define electric cars as a separate product market, footnote 65 of the RAG should be applied.
Nemčija predlaga, da se namen opombe 65 upošteva tudi v zvezi s tem vidikom in da se preskusa iz točke 68 smernic o regionalni pomoči ne uporabita: prehodno visok tržni delež inovatorja bi bilo treba presojati ob upoštevanju dinamičnega razvoja trga, vključno z verjetnostjo vstopa novih udeležencev na trg.
Germany accepts that despite the innovative car body construction that distinguishes the i3/i8 models from competing products, the beneficiary is neither the first, nor the only producer of electric vehicles.
Drugačna presoja bi ovirala inovacije ter slabila konkurenco in konkurenčnost.
It also agrees that some producers manufacturing electric vehicles already exist and that others will enter the electric car market by 2013/2014.
Nemčija zato predlaga, da se primer, ko se na trgu električnih avtomobilov za prehodno obdobje preseže 25-odstotni prag tržnega deleža, kar že samo po sebi ni realistično, ne bi smel šteti za dejavnik, ki kaže, da je 25-odstotni prag tržnega deleža iz točke 68(a) smernic o regionalni pomoči presežen.
Germany suggests, however, that even if therefore footnote 65 were not directly applicable, it could be applied by analogy to the present case, given the philosophy and reasoning behind the existence of this footnote.
Že samo s tem bi bilo mogoče dokazati, da je ocena tržnega deleža skupine BMW, ki jo je predložila Komisija, previsoka in ni verjetna.
According to Germany, the rationale that led to the introduction of footnote 65 into the RAG is that the initially significant market shares of innovators and the resulting short term distortion of competition are outweighed by the advantages that a true innovation provides for competitiveness and for the competitive conditions in the relevant market.
Poleg tega ugotavlja, da svetovalni družbi, kot sta banka Deutsche Bank in družba Boston Consulting Group, napovedujeta, da bo do leta 2020 delež električnih avtomobilov na celotnem avtomobilskem trgu dosegel 3 %, zaradi česar se bo tržni delež skupine BMW ponovno zmanjšal.
The application of the tests laid down in paragraph 68 of the RAG presupposes the existence of a market.
Nazadnje Nemčija trdi, da se, če se vzpostavi sistem segmentacije električnih avtomobilov, ki bo modele jasno razvrščal v segmente, lahko pričakuje, da bo tržni delež skupine BMW na zasičenem trgu postal primerljiv z njenim obstoječim tržnim deležem na trgu konvencionalnih avtomobilov, tj. med [0–8 %] in [1–9 %].
New markets cannot meet this condition; an in-depth assessment in application of paragraph 68 would punish the first mover and impede the establishment of a functioning market.
Nemški organi so navedli še dve novejši študiji, ki naj bi po njihovem mnenju dokazovali, da tržni delež upravičenke ne bo nikoli presegel 25-odstotnega praga tržnega deleža, saj je v teh študijah predvideno precej večje število avtomobilov na trgu kot v prejšnjih študijah.
Germany considers that the statistically high initial market share and capacity created by an early mover on a market where only a small number of models are offered and where serial production started only recently does not allow the application of the paragraph 68 tests in a meaningful way.
V prvi od obeh študij z naslovom „European Roadmap – Electrification of Road Transport“ (v nadaljnjem besedilu: študija elektrifikacije cestnega prometa) je navedeno, da bi lahko bilo do leta 2020 v EU 5 milijonov električnih avtomobilov (vključno s hibridnimi avtomobili z možnostjo polnjenja prek vtičnice), v grafikonu pa je ob predpostavki, da se bodo dosegli veliki tehnološki preboji, napovedan približno 1 milijon takšnih avtomobilov leta 2016.
In Germany’s view, the investment at stake is neither conducive to the creation of a market dominating position, nor does it lead to the creation of overcapacities in a declining market.
Druga študija z naslovom „Impacts of Electric Vehicles – Deliverable 1 – An overview of Electric Vehicles on the market and in development“ (v nadaljnjem besedilu: poročilo organizacije Delft) iz aprila 2011 o učinku električnih vozil na trg je bila pripravljena za Komisijo.
In sum, this case presents the exact situation which the direct application of footnote 65 intends to address.
Uporaba sporočila o podrobni oceni pomoči
Therefore, Germany concludes that the paragraph 68 tests should not be carried out and that the aid should be approved without in-depth assessment.
Nemčija v zvezi z uporabo sporočila o podrobni oceni pomoči trdi naslednje:
Germany states that although it is difficult to apply the traditional segmentation of the conventional car market to the electric car market in view of the differences in prices and lengths of car, this is how forecasts of electric car market shares are established.
Komisija v sklepu o začetku formalnega postopka preiskave ni izrazila nobenih pomislekov glede skladnosti ukrepa s standardnimi merili združljivosti smernic o regionalni pomoči, vključno z njegovim spodbujevalnim učinkom in sorazmernostjo; Komisija je formalno preiskavo začela le, ker ni mogla dejansko izključiti, da je bil prag tržnega deleža iz točke 68(a) smernic o regionalni pomoči presežen;
This is why Germany tried to assign the i3 model to a combined C and D segment, as the car’s price puts it into the D segment and its length into C. It must also be borne in mind that electric car customers come from all segments of the conventional car market, therefore a strict segmentation of the electric car market is not meaningful.
Komisija bi morala sprejeti „pogojni“ sklep, s katerim bi na podlagi podatkov, ki jih upravičenec letno predloži o razvoju svojega deleža na običajno segmentiranem trgu, odobrila pomoč – brez podrobne ocene – v skladu s sprotno opombo k točki 56 sporočila o podrobni oceni pomoči;
Germany considers that the electric car market will very likely develop dynamically both in the EEA as well as globally: the proportion of electric cars within the overall car market, as well as the number of producers will increase strongly within a few years.
Komisija ob upoštevanju pomembnih pozitivnih učinkov pomoči (nova, okolju prijazna tehnologija in inovacije, ustvarjanje precejšnjega števila delovnih mest) ne bi smela uporabiti sporočila o podrobni oceni pomoči ali pa bi morala vsaj upoštevati „zahtevo glede sorazmernosti“: v točki 9 sporočila o podrobni oceni pomoči je navedeno, da mora biti podrobna ocena ukrepa sorazmerna z možnim izkrivljanjem, ki ga lahko povzroči pomoč.
Even if the beneficiary would reach a market share exceeding 25 % in some electric car segments, this would be an unrealistic scenario, or would only be a ‘snap-shot’.
Nemčija trdi, da ni mogoče pričakovati omembe vrednega izkrivljanja konkurence.
Germany proposes that the rationale behind footnote 65 be followed also in respect of this aspect and that the tests laid down in paragraph 68 of the RAG should not be applied: The transitory high market share of an innovator should be viewed in the light of the dynamic development of the market, including the likelihood of new entries into the market.
Upravičenec spodbuja konkurenco tako, da prevzame vlogo pionirja prek inovativne in visoko tvegane naložbe;
A different view would hinder innovation and undermine competition and competitiveness.
Nemčija trdi tudi, da mora Komisija v skladu s sodbo Splošnega sodišča z dne 10. julija 2012 v zadevi T-304/08 izvajati široko diskrecijsko pravico na podlagi Pogodbe ES za presojo, ali pričakovane prednosti zaradi regionalnega razvoja prevladajo nad izkrivljanjem konkurence in vplivi subvencioniranega projekta na trgovino med državami članicami;
Therefore, Germany proposes that a situation where the 25 % market share threshold is exceeded in the electric car market for a transitory period, which, as such, is already unrealistic, should not be viewed as a factor indicating that the 25 % market share threshold in paragraph 68(a) of the RAG is exceeded.
Nemčija navaja sprotno opombo k točki 56 sporočila o podrobni oceni pomoči in meni, da je pristojnost Komisije, da ne odobri pomoči, na podlagi sporočila o podrobni oceni pomoči omejena na delež priglašenega zneska pomoči, ki presega prag za priglasitev.
Regarding the reliability of the data on market shares, Germany points out that no separate segmentation of the electric car market has been established and that the only estimation of market figures that exists for 2015 is the study of Deutsche Bank dating from 2008.
Podrobna ocena ukrepa
This study estimates that the part of electric cars within the overall car market will be 1 % in 2015; Germany used this figure for its estimation of the beneficiary’s market share on the combined electric C-D segment.
Pozitivni učinki pomoči
Germany also assumes that most electric cars are likely to be offered in the A to C segments, and that therefore the proportion of electric cars in the A to C overall car segment will be higher (i.e. about 2,5 % — although this could not be supported by independent studies).
Nemčija poudarja, da je strategija za čistejša in energetsko učinkovitejša vozila del strategije Evropa 2020.
This alone would prove that the Commission’s estimation of the BMW Group’s market share is too high and not plausible.
V beli knjigi Komisije z naslovom Načrt za enotni evropski prometni prostor – na poti h konkurenčnemu in z viri gospodarnemu prometnemu sistemu je določen cilj, da se do leta 2030 delež konvencionalnih avtomobilov na celotnem avtomobilskem trgu zmanjša za 50 % in da se ti avtomobili v središčih mest v celoti odpravijo do leta 2050.
Furthermore, it notes that consultancies such as Deutsche Bank and Boston Consulting Group predict that by 2020 the proportion of electric cars in the overall car market will reach 3 %, which will again lead to a reduction of the BMW Group’s market share.
Nemčija prispeva k tem ciljem: do leta 2020 namerava na ceste postaviti milijon električnih vozil, do leta 2014 pa 100000 takšnih vozil.
Finally, Germany argues that in case an electric car segmentation system is established which allocates models clearly to a segment, it is to be expected that the BMW Group’s market share in a saturated market will become comparable to its existing market share in the conventional car market, i.e. between [0-8 %] and [1-9 %].
Želi postati vodilni trg za električno mobilnost.
The German authorities also refer to two more recent studies, arguing that they demonstrate that the beneficiary’s market share will never exceed the 25 % market threshold, as they forecast a much higher number of cars on the market than earlier studies.
Ker ti cilji še niso doseženi, so potrebna nadaljnja prizadevanja.
The first of these studies, titled ‘European Roadmap — Electrification of Road Transport (hereinafter ‘the Roadmap study’), indicates that there might be 5 million electric (including plug-in-hybrid) vehicles in the EU by 2020, and a chart appears to forecast, on the assumption that major technological breakthroughs are achieved, about 1 million such cars in 2016.
Zadevna naložba prispeva k doseganju teh evropskih in nemških ciljev.
The other study, titled ‘Impacts of Electric Vehicles — Deliverable 1 — An overview of Electric Vehicles on the market and in development’, (hereinafter ‘the Delft report’), from April 2011 was prepared for the Commission on the impact of electric vehicles on the market.
Naložbeni projekt spodbuja tudi cilje priporočil, predlaganih v poročilu strokovne skupine na visoki ravni za ključne omogočitvene tehnologije, v katerem je poudarjeno tveganje, da lahko Evropa zaostaja v konkurenci med lokacijami, zlasti ob upoštevanju, da nima zadostne zmogljivosti za „preoblikovanje“ tehnološkega znanja v tržne proizvode.
Application of IDAC
„Velika proizvodna serija“ električnega avtomobila v kombinaciji s karoserijo iz ogljikovih vlaken, ki ga do zdaj ne proizvaja noben proizvajalec avtomobilov, lahko pospeši tehnološke spremembe in spodbuja konkurenco na upoštevnem trgu.
Regarding the application of the IDAC, Germany puts forward the following arguments.
Nemčija meni, da naložbeni projekt prispeva k dolgoročnemu vodstvu Evrope v avtomobilski industriji.
Since the market share thresholds are not exceeded, there is no reason to carry out the in-depth assessment of the measure.
Nemčija nadalje navaja, da projekt prispeva k ciljem operativnega programa Evropskega regionalnega razvojnega sklada za deželo Saško.
In a formal investigation, the focus is exclusively on the elimination of serious doubts regarding the compatibility of the measure that arose during the preliminary phase, and not on the assessment of the compatibility criteria which have already been examined during the preliminary phase and did not raise any doubts at that stage.
Nove nemške zvezne dežele imajo še vedno manj obratov za proizvodnjo avtomobilov kot stare zvezne dežele.
The Commission did not express any doubts in the decision to open the formal investigation regarding the compliance of the measure with the standard compatibility criteria of the RAG, including its incentive effect and proportionality; the formal investigation was only opened because the Commission could not conclusively exclude that the market share threshold in paragraph 68(a) of the RAG was exceeded.
S podporo tej naložbi se bodo zmanjšale razlike med starimi in novimi zveznimi deželami.
The Commission should adopt a ‘conditional’ decision authorising the aid — without in-depth assessment — pursuant to the footnote to paragraph 56 of the IDAC, subject to the annual submission by the beneficiary of data on the development of its share in a market segmented in the traditional way.
Na Saškem je BDP na prebivalca še vedno nižji od nemškega povprečja in povprečja EU: stopnja brezposelnosti je še vedno višja od nemškega povprečja.
In view of the important positive effects of the aid (new, environmentally friendly technology and innovation, creation of a significant volume of employment), the Commission should either not apply the IDAC, or at least take account of the ‘proportionality requirement’: paragraph 9 of the IDAC states that the detailed assessment of a measure should be proportionate to the potential distortion which may be caused by the aid.
Z naložbo se bo ustvarilo 800 novih neposrednih delovnih mest.
Germany argues that no noteworthy distortion of competition can be expected.
Tako se bodo ustvarila delovna mesta zlasti za visokokvalificirane delavce, ki se lahko zaposlijo na novih tehničnih položajih nove in spremenjene dobavne verige.
The beneficiary advances competition by taking upon itself a pioneering role through an innovative and high risk investment.
Uspešnemu zaključku projekta naj bi sledile nadaljnje naložbe upravičenke v Leipzigu.
Germany also claims that the judgment of the General Court of 10 July 2012 in Case T-304/08 requires the Commission to exercise its wide discretion under the EC Treaty to ascertain whether the expected benefits of the aid in terms of regional development outweigh distortions of competition and the impact of the subsidised project on trade between Member States.
Zaradi nove proizvodnje bo potrebno usposabljanje delavcev na novih področjih, kot so tehniki, specializirani za plastično in gumarsko tehnologijo, povezano z ojačanim materialom.
Germany refers to the footnote to paragraph 56 of IDAC, and takes the view that the Commission’s authority not to approve aid on the basis of IDAC is limited to the portion of the notified aid amount that exceeds the threshold for notification.
Ker se bo povpraševanje po specialistih, ki lahko delajo v industriji električnih avtomobilov, povečalo, bi se lahko Saška razvila v zanimivo lokacijo za takšno specializirano delovno silo.
In-depth assessment of the measure
Naložba bo imela tudi pozitivne verižne učinke (tj. privabila bo nadaljnje naložbe v avtomobilsko industrijo v regiji).