natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
By letter of 9 February 2012, the Commission requested further clarifications from the first complainant on certain evidence it submitted.
Komisija je 3. oktobra 2012 zahtevala dodatna pojasnila družbe Elkabel AD, ene od tretjih strani, ki so predložile pripombe k sklepu o začetku postopka; pojasnila so bila predložena 31. oktobra 2012.
On 3 April 2012, the Commission forwarded additional comments from a number of third parties [25] to the Bulgarian authorities.
OPIS UKREPA
On 26 July 2012, the Commission requested additional information from the Bulgarian authorities.
Leta 1947 so zaradi razlastitve, ki jo je izvedla država, vsa gozdna zemljišča v Bolgariji postala javno premoženje.
On 19 September 2012, the Bulgarian authorities provided the requested information.
S spremembo zakona o gozdovih [26], ki je začela veljati 22. februarja 2002, so bile omogočene menjave nedavno privatiziranih gozdnih zemljišč z javnimi gozdnimi zemljišči v državni lasti iz državnega sklada gozdov.
On 3 October 2012, the Commission requested further clarifications from Elkabel AD, one of the third parties who submitted comments on the opening decision, which were provided on 31 October 2012.
Ta sprememba zakona o gozdovih je veljala do 27. januarja 2009, v njej pa so bili opredeljeni način in pogoji, pod katerimi so se te menjave izvajale.
By letters of 14 January 2013, 17 May 2013, 22 July 2013 and 22 October 2013, the Commission requested additional information from the Bulgarian authorities, which was provided on 4 and 5 February 2013, 25 June 2013 and 5 July 2013, 16 and 23 August 2013, and 19 November 2013 and 20 December 2013, respectively.
Na podlagi navedene uredbe se osnovna cena gozdne parcele določi kot vsota osnovne vrednosti tega zemljišča in vrednosti sestoja (rastlinskih vrst na tem zemljišču).
Part of the information submitted with the last submission was subsequently resubmitted by the Bulgarian authorities by e-mail of 21 January 2014.
Vrednost zemljišča se določi na podlagi povprečne vrednosti zemljišča glede na kategorije zemljišč, ki ponujajo enake pogoje za rast rastlin (150 vrst zemljišč glede na Prilogo 1 k uredbi o osnovnih cenah).
DESCRIPTION OF THE MEASURE
Ta vrednost se nato prilagodi z uporabo prilagoditvenega koeficienta, ki upošteva lokacijo zemljišča glede na lokalno in državno infrastrukturo.
THE LAND SWAPS
Prilagoditveni koeficient (Km), naveden v Prilogi 2 k uredbi o osnovnih cenah, se določi na podlagi naslednje formule:
This remained the case until 2000, when the restitution of forest land to previous private owners was started.
p koeficient bližine utrjene ceste, merjeno v ravni črti (od 0,00 do 0,20);
On the basis of an amendment to the Forest Act [26], which came into effect on 22 February 2002, swaps of recently privatised forest land with government-owned public forest land from the State forest fund were made possible.
s koeficient bližine mestnega območja, merjeno v ravni črti (od 0,00 do 0,25);
This amendment to the Forest Act was in force until 27 January 2009 and defined the order and conditions under which those swaps were conducted.
m koeficient bližine morja, merjeno v ravni črti (od 0,00 do 0,20);
For the purposes of the swaps, the prices of the privately owned and publicly owned forest land were determined on the basis of a specialised regulation, namely, the Regulation on the calculation of basic prices, prices for land in excluded areas and creating rights of use and easements in respect of forests and forest stock land [27] (the ‘Regulation on basic prices’), which entered into force on 18 November 2003.
g koeficient bližine mesta v številkah, ki izražajo razdaljo do določenega mesta (najkrajša razdalja po cesti od parcele do zadevnega mesta).
Bulgarian law did not allow expert evaluators to deviate from the prices determined for forest land by applying the Regulation on basic prices.
Mesta so razdeljena v šest skupin, kot je prikazano v preglednici 1.
On the basis of that regulation, the basic price of a plot of forest land is determined as the sum of the basic value of that land and the value of the stand (plant species situated on that land).
Preglednica 1
The value of the land is determined on the basis of the average value of land according to the categories of land offering identical conditions for the growth of plants (150 site types, as per Annex 1 of the Regulation on basic prices).
Skupina 1:
That value is then adjusted using an adjustment coefficient that takes account of the location of the land in relation to the local and national infrastructure.
Sofija (od 0,00 do 0,70)
That adjustment coefficient (Km), set out in Annex 2 of the Regulation on basic prices, is determined by using the following formula:
Skupina 2:
where:
Ruse, Plovdiv, Burgas in Varna (od 0,00 do 0,50)
p coefficient of proximity to a surfaced road measured in a straight line (from 0,00 to 0,20)
Skupina 3:
s coefficient of proximity to an urban area measured in a straight line (from 0,00 to 0,25)
Blagoevgrad, Veliko Tarnovo, Vraca, Pleven in Stara Zagora (od 0,00 do 0,40)
m coefficient of proximity to the sea measured in a straight line (from 0,00 to 0,20)
Skupina 4:
g coefficient of proximity to a city, expressed in figures reflecting the distance to a given city (shortest road distance between the plot in question and city).
druga okrožna mesta (od 0,00 do 0,35)
Cities are divided into six groups as set out in Table 1:
Skupina 5:
Table 1
druga velika mesta (Botevgrad, Gorna Orjahovica, Dimitrovgrad, Dupnica, Kazanlak, Karlovo, Lom, Petrič, Samokov, Svištov in Červen Brjag) (od 0,00 do 0,30)
Group 1:
Skupina 6:
Sofia (from 0,00 to 0,70)
druga občinska središča (od 0,00 do 0,10)
Group 2:
Vrednost zemljišča se nadalje prilagodi, tako da se doda povečanje na hektar (dodatek), ki se določi na podlagi povprečne cene zemljišča, ugotovljene na območju, kjer je zemljišče.
Ruse, Plovdiv, Burgas, and Varna (from 0,00 to 0,50)
Navedeni dodatki so določeni v določbah Priloge 3 k uredbi o osnovnih cenah in navedeni v preglednici 2.
Group 3:
Preglednica 2
Blagoevgrad, Veliko Tarnovo, Vratza, Pleven, and Stara Zagora (from 0,00 to 0,40)
Dodatek
Group 4:
(BGN/hektari)
other district cities (from 0,00 to 0,35)
Sofija, nacionalna letovišča in sosednja stanovanjska počitniška območja, zemljišča v razdalji 10 kilometrov od morja
Group 5:
Naselja 1. in 2. kategorije
other big cities (Botevgrad, Gorna Oryahovitza, Dimitrovgrad, Dupnitza, Kazanlak, Karlovo, Lom, Petrich, Samokov, Svishtov, and Cherven Bryag (from 0,00 to 0,30)
Naselja 3. in 4. kategorije
Group 6:
Naselja 5. in 6. kategorije
other municipal centres (from 0,00 to 0,10)
Naselja 7. in 8. kategorije
The value of the land is further adjusted by adding an increase per hectare (increment) which is set on the basis of the average price of land observed in the area where the plot is situated.
0(20) Skupna vrednost zemljišča, določena na podlagi tega mehanizma, se imenuje osnovna vrednost zemljišča.
Those increments are laid down in the provisions of Annex 3 to the Regulation on basic prices and are indicated in Table 2:
Vrednost sestoja (rastlinskih vrst na zemljišču) je vrednost sestoja sedanje starosti in predvidena vrednost sestoja ob sečni zrelosti.
Table 2
Vrednost lesa iz gozdnih sestojev pri sedanji starosti (starost v času vrednotenja) je enaka dobičku od prodaje zadevnih sort po povprečnih tržnih cenah, pri čemer se odštejejo stroški sečnje, primarne predelave in prevoza do kraja začasnega skladiščenja.
Increment
Če prihodki ne krijejo stroškov, se šteje, da les nima nobene vrednosti.
(BGN/hectares)
Prihodek od prodaje se določi z oceno zaloge in volumna kategorij lesa.
Sofia, national resorts and adjacent residential holiday areas, land located within 10 kilometres from the sea
Stroški (BGN/kubični meter) v zvezi s sečnjo in primarno predelavo lesa s povprečno stopnjo težavnosti območja sečnje dreves se določijo na podlagi vrste dreves in kategorije lesa na zemljišču.
Settlements of 1st and 2nd category
Stroški prevoza lesa se določijo na podlagi vrste dreves, kategorije lesa in povprečne razdalje prevoza od zadevnega zemljišča.
Settlements of 3rd and 4th category
Stroški prevoza se za vsak kilometer prevoza pomnožijo s koeficientom, ki upošteva stopnjo težavnosti poti.
Settlements of 5th and 6th category
Povprečne tržne cene in stroške, povezane s sečnjo, primarno predelavo in prevozom lesa, mora redno določati in posodabljati izvršilna agencija za gozdove (v nadaljnjem besedilu: IAG) [28], in sicer na podlagi tehtanih povprečij, izračunanih na podlagi statističnih podatkov, zbranih v triletnem obdobju (zadnje leto ima dvojno težo).
Settlements of 7th and 8th category
Osnovna cena gozdnega zemljišča se torej izračuna tako, da se osnovni vrednosti gozdnega zemljišča prišteje vrednost sestoja, kot jo določi cenilec.
0(20) The total value of the land determined through this mechanism is referred to as the basic value of the land.
Ta osnovna cena se prilagodi za zemljišča na območjih tako imenovanega „posebnega varstva pred urbanizacijo“, ki so z zakonom določena v nekaterih pokrajinah Bolgarije, da bi se upoštevali varstvo narave, ki oblikuje okolje, in rekreacijske funkcije gozdnega zemljišča.
The value of the stand (plant species situated on the land) is the value of the stand’s current age and the projected value of its rotation age.
V skladu z določbami Priloge 19 k uredbi o osnovnih cenah se osnovna vrednost gozdnih zemljišč na takih območjih pomnoži s koeficientom (К), opredeljenim v preglednici 3 [29], in sicer:
The value of wood from forest stands at their current age (the age at the time of valuation) is equal to the profits from the sale of the varieties in question at average market prices where costs related to felling, primary processing and transportation to a temporary storage place are deducted.
Preglednica 3
If the income does not cover the costs, the wood is not considered to have any value.
Prvo območje obale Črnega morja
The costs (BGN/cubic metre) related to felling and primary processing of wood with an average level of difficulty of the wood-felling area are determined by the type of trees and category of wood on the land.
Drugo območje obale Črnega morja
The transport costs are multiplied to each kilometre of transport by a coefficient which takes into account the level of difficulty of the route.
Letoviška območja, letovišča in naselja državnega pomena
Thus, by adding the value of the stand, as determined by an evaluator, to the basic value of the land, the basic price of a plot of forest land is obtained.
Gozdovi in zemljišča na območjih, ki se raztezajo od roba državnih in občinskih cest do omejitvenih črt za gradnjo
To this basic price, an adjustment accounting for the protection of the environment-shaping nature and recreational functions of the forest land is made to land located in areas of so-called ‘special protection against urbanisation’, established in certain regions of Bulgaria by law.
Letoviška območja, letovišča in naselja lokalnega pomena
Pursuant to the provisions of Annex 19 to the Regulation on basic prices, the basic value of forest properties situated in such areas are multiplied by a coefficient (К) identified in Table 3 [29], namely:
Nazadnje se v skladu s Prilogo 20 k uredbi o osnovnih cenah za osnovno ceno zemljišča uporabi tako imenovani „koeficient regulacije trga“.
Table 3
Ta koeficient je izražen v BGN/m2 in sega od 10 za zemljišča ob morju, velikih gorskih letoviščih in Sofiji do 1 za zemljišča na najmanj privlačnih lokacijah.
Black Sea coast first area
Ne glede na navedeno je morala zasebna stranka, če je na podlagi posla menjave prejela gozdno zemljišče z višjo skupno administrativno ceno, kot jo je imelo zemljišče, ki ga je odstopila, državi plačati nadomestilo za to razliko v ceni.
К = 6;
Po navedbah bolgarskih organov je država praviloma privolila zgolj v menjave, s katerimi je pridobila zemljišče višje administrativne vrednosti.
Black Sea coast second area
Vendar se to pravilo nanaša samo na skupno administrativno ceno zemljišča v zasebni lasti, ki je višja od administrativne cene zemljišča v javni lasti, za katero je bilo zamenjano, in ne na njegovo ceno na kvadratni meter.
К = 5;
Dne 27. januarja 2009 je začela veljati prepoved menjav gozdnih zemljišč.
Resort areas, resorts, and settlements of national significance
Obdobje, ki je vključeno v pregled spornih poslov menjave, je torej od 1. januarja 2007, tj. datuma pristopa Republike Bolgarije k Uniji, do 27. januarja 2009, tj. datuma moratorija za menjave (v nadaljnjem besedilu: obdobje pregleda).
К = 4;
SPREMEMBA NAMEMBNOSTI ZEMLJIŠČA
Forest and land located in areas stretching from the edge of national and municipal roads to the restrictive lines for construction
Pritožniki nadalje trdijo, da je poslom menjave pogosto sledila sprememba namembnosti zemljišča iz gozdnega v zazidljivo in da se je s to spremembo dodatno povečala razlika med tržno vrednostjo javnega gozdnega zemljišča v državni lasti, zamenjanega z zemljiščem v zasebni lasti.
Resort areas, resorts, and settlements of local significance
Bolgarski organi so pojasnili, da postopek za spremembo namembnosti zemljišča ni urejen z določbami zakona o gozdovih (kot so posli menjave), ampak s posebnim sklopom zakonodaje, med drugim z zakonom o prostorskem načrtovanju (ZUT) [30].
Finally, a so-called ‘market regulator coefficient’ is applied to the basic price of the land according to Annex 20 to the Regulation on basic prices.
V skladu z navedeno zakonodajo lahko vsak lastnik gozdnega zemljišča zaprosi za spremembo namembnosti svojega gozdnega zemljišča v zazidljivo zemljišče, tako da pošlje vlogo izvršnemu direktorju IAG, ki je bila del ministrstva za kmetijstvo in prehrano [31].
That coefficient is expressed in BGN/m2 and ranges from 10 for land adjacent to the seaside, big mountain resorts and Sofia, to 1 for the least attractively situated land.
Odbor (notranjih in po potrebi zunanjih) strokovnjakov nato prouči to zahtevo in predloži mnenje izvršnemu direktorju, ki sprejme predhodni sklep o vlogi.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the private party received forest land under the swap transaction of a higher total administrative price than the land it relinquished, it had to pay compensation to the State for that difference in price.
Če je ta sklep pozitiven ter so z njim potrjeni razlogi za vlogo in njena zakonitost, se pošlje vsem službam, pristojnim za spremembo namembnosti (pokrajinskemu guvernerju, županu občine in direktorju regionalnega direktorata, pristojnega za gozdove).
According to the Bulgarian authorities, as a general rule, the State only accepted swaps as a result of which the State received land of a higher administrative value.
Na podlagi pozitivnega predhodnega sklepa lastnik vloži vlogo pri zadevni občini za naročilo, pripravo in odobritev podrobnega glavnega načrta.
This rule, however, relates only to the total administrative price of the privately owned plot being higher than the administrative price of the publicly owned plot for which it was swapped, not its price per square metre.
Za tak načrt se je treba posvetovati z vsemi (lokalnimi) deležniki.
On 27 January 2009, a ban on swaps of forest land came into force.
Če pristojni organi odobrijo navedeni načrt in ko začne veljati, lastnik zemljišča vloži vlogo pri ministru za kmetijstvo in prehrano za izključitev tega gozdnega zemljišča iz zaščitene lesne zaloge.
The period under review of the contested swap transactions is thus from 1 January 2007, the date of the accession of the Republic of Bulgaria to the Union, to 27 January 2009, the date of the swaps moratorium (‘the period under review’).
Če je ta vloga sprejeta, je treba plačati takso, ki jo neodvisni cenilec določi v skladu z določbami uredbe o osnovnih cenah.
THE CHANGE IN THE DESIGNATED USE OF THE LAND
Ko lastnik gozdnega zemljišča pristojnim organom plača takso, se začne postopek za izdajo upravnega sklepa o spremembi namembnosti zemljišča.
The complainants further allege that the swap transactions were often followed by a change in the designated use of the land from forest land to land available for construction and that that change further increased the disparity between the market value of the government-owned public forest land swapped with the privately owned plot.
Glede na velikost zemljišča ta sklep izda bodisi minister za kmetijstvo in prehrano (če se nanaša na zemljišče, manjše od 10 hektarov) bodisi svet ministrov.
The Bulgarian authorities explained that the procedure for the change in the designated use of the land is not governed by the provisions of the Forest Act (like the swap transactions) but by a separate set of legislation, among others, the Spatial Planning Act (ZUT) [30].
Dne 3. septembra 2009 je bil uveden moratorij na poznejšo spremembo namembnosti zamenjanega zemljišča.
According to that legislation, any owner of forest land may request a change in the designated use of their forest land into land available for construction by sending an application to the Executive Director of the EFA, which was part of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food [31].
PRAVNA PODLAGA ZA UKREPE
A commission of (internal and potentially external) experts then examines that request and provides an opinion to the Executive Director, who adopts a preliminary decision on the application.
Menjave, izračun cen za uporabo pri poslih menjave in postopek za spremembo namembnosti zamenjanega gozdnega zemljišča so urejeni z naslednjimi pravnimi besedili:
If that decision is positive and confirms the grounds for and the legality of the application, it will be forwarded to all services responsible for the change of designation (the provincial governor, the mayor of the municipality and the director of the regional directorate responsible for forests).
bolgarskim zakonom o gozdovih,
On the basis of a positive preliminary decision, the owner will submit an application to the municipality concerned for the commissioning, drafting and approval of a detailed master plan.
uredbo o izračunu osnovnih cen in cen za zemljišča na izključenih območjih ter o določitvi pravic uporabe in služnosti za gozdove in gozdna zemljišča,
Such a plan requires the consultation of all (local) stakeholders.
zakonom o državnem premoženju [32],zakonom o obveznostih in pogodbah [33],zakonom o prostorskem načrtovanju.
If that plan is approved by the responsible authorities and once it comes into force, the owner of the land will submit an application to the Minister of Agriculture and Food for the exclusion of that forest land from the protected forest stock.
UPRAVIČENCI
If that application is accepted, a stamp duty, determined by an independent evaluator in line with the provisions of the Regulation on basic prices, is due.
Morebitni upravičenci do poslov menjave so fizične osebe, zasebne družbe in občine, ki so pogosto dejavne na področju razvoja nepremičninskih projektov in/ali turističnih dejavnosti ter so svoja gozdna zemljišča zamenjale za gozdna zemljišča v javni lasti.
After the payment of the stamp duty by the owner of the forest land to the responsible authorities, the procedure for the issuance of an administrative decision on the change of the designated use of the land will be launched.
RAZLOGI ZA ZAČETEK POSTOPKA
Depending on the size of the property, this decision is granted by either the Minister of Agriculture and Food (if it concerns a property of less than 10 hectares) or by the Council of Ministers.
Komisija je v sklepu o začetku postopka izrazila dvome glede tega, ali so posli menjave in/ali poznejša sprememba namembnosti zemljišča vsebovali elemente državne pomoči v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe in ali bi bilo mogoče tako pomoč šteti za združljivo z notranjim trgom.
On 3 September 2009, a moratorium on the subsequent change of the designated use of swapped land was introduced.
NELOČLJIVA POVEZAVA MED MENJAVAMI IN SPREMEMBO NAMEMBNOSTI ZEMLJIŠČA
LEGAL BASIS FOR THE MEASURES
Prvi dvom, ki ga je izrazila Komisija, je bil povezan s trditvijo pritožnikov, da je v več primerih menjavam sledila sprememba namembnosti zamenjanega zemljišča, tj. iz gozdnega v zazidljivo.
The swaps, the calculation of prices for use in the swap transactions and the procedure for the change in the designated use of the swapped forest land are governed by the following legal texts:
Komisija je glede na številčne dokaze, ki so jih predložili bolgarski organi, v sklepu o začetku postopka ugotovila, da je 15 od 147 menjav, opravljenih v obdobju pregleda (2006–2009), sledila sprememba namembnosti zemljišča (10 %).
Bulgarian Forest Act
Poleg tega je ugotovila, da se za posel menjave in morebitne zahteve za spremembo namembnosti zemljišča uporabljajo različne pravne določbe ter da za oba postopka obstajajo različni upravni postopki.
Regulation on the calculation of basic prices, prices for land in excluded areas and creating rights of use and easements in respect of forests and forest stock land
Na prvi pogled se je zdelo, da ti elementi potrjujejo trditev bolgarskih organov, da ta postopka – načeloma – nista neločljivo povezana [34].
State Property Act [32]Obligations and Contracts Act [33]Spatial Planning Act.
Vendar so bolgarski organi navedli, da so bile formule za določitev administrativnih cen gozdnih zemljišč in taksa, ki jo je bilo treba plačati za spremembo namembnosti zemljišča, določene s stopnjo, ki je zagotavljala, da bi bila skupna cena menjave gozdnega zemljišča in spremembe namembnosti zemljišča večinoma enaka tržni ceni podobnega zazidljivega zemljišča.
BENEFICIARIES
To bi lahko pomenilo, da so organi predvidevali, da bo veliko vlagateljev poskušalo oba koraka združiti v en posel.
Potential beneficiaries of the swap transactions are natural persons, private companies and municipalities, often active in real estate development and/or tourism activities, who exchanged their forest land for publicly owned forest land.
Komisija je zato izrazila dvome glede tega, ali bi bilo treba morebitno spremembo namembnosti zadevnega gozdnega zemljišča upoštevati pri določitvi cene parcele za posle menjave, tj. ali bi bilo treba menjavo in poznejšo spremembo namembnosti zamenjanega zemljišča šteti za neločljivo povezani.
GROUNDS FOR INITIATING THE PROCEDURE
MOREBITNA DRŽAVNA POMOČ PRI SPREMEMBI NAMEMBNOSTI ZEMLJIŠČA
In the opening decision, the Commission expressed doubts as to whether the swap transactions and/or the subsequent change in the designated use of the land contained elements of State aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty and whether such aid could be found compatible with the internal market.
Drugi dvom Komisije se je nanašal na to, ali bi lahko sprememba namembnosti zamenjanega zemljišča pomenila dodelitev državne pomoči, saj se je z njo dodatno povišala vrednost zamenjanega zemljišča.
INTRINSIC LINK BETWEEN THE SWAPS AND THE CHANGE IN THE DESIGNATED USE OF THE LAND
Komisija je v sklepu o začetku postopka navedla, da se na prvi pogled ne zdi, da bi sprememba namembnosti zemljišča vključevala kakršen koli prenos državnih sredstev.
A first doubt raised by the Commission related to the allegation made by the complainants that in several cases the swaps were followed by a change in the designated use of the land swapped, i.e. from forest land to land available for construction.
Taksa za take posle je bila izračunana v skladu z zakonskimi določbami in je bila – kot je Komisiji znano – plačana v vseh zadevnih primerih.
In light of the numerical evidence provided by the Bulgarian authorities, the Commission noted in the opening decision that out of the 147 swaps carried out during the period under review (2006-2009), 15 were followed by a change in designated use (10 %).
Čeprav so se lahko torej podjetja, ki so opravila spremembo namembnosti zemljišča, morda z njo okoristila, naj upravni sklepi o taki spremembi ne bi privedli do državne pomoči v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
Moreover, the Commission observed that different legal provisions apply to the swap transaction and to potential requests for a change in the designated use and that separate administrative procedures are in place for both procedures.
Komisija ni sprejela dokončnega stališča glede tega vprašanja in je zainteresirane strani pozvala, naj izrazijo svoje pripombe glede tega, ali je postopek vključeval državno pomoč.