natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Moreover, the revenues from the levy were indeed used in all Länder in accordance with the proposals put forward by the Land associations.
Prav tako po mnenju LVN ne gre za državno pomoč, če gre za „kolektivno usmerjene ukrepe“, ki se izvajajo v interesu določene panoge in se financirajo s prispevki, pobranimi od pripadnikov panoge.
That in itself was evidence enough — irrespective of the specific legal arrangements that were applicable — that the revenues in question were not imputable to the State [15].
Vsi sporni ukrepi so namenjeni spodbujanju „proizvoda mleko“ in so zato v kolektivnem interesu sektorja mleka.
According to LVN, each of the Land associations had the status of a private body.
Delno ti ukrepi hkrati varujejo interese potrošnikov, kajti ta namena sta zaradi obstoječe skladnosti ciljev neločljiva.
Their statutes made it clear that they considered themselves to represent the interests of their members, who were recruited solely from the dairy industry (including consumer representatives).
Vloga države je omejena na to, da sektorju mleka z MFG daje na razpolago zakonski izravnalni mehanizem, s katerim se zagotavlja, da pripadniki sektorja mleka, ki imajo že po naravi stvari korist od ukrepov, izvedenih za „proizvod mleko“, plačajo ustrezen prispevek za stroške.
In Section 14 of the MFG, Land associations were described as ‘voluntary’ organisations made up of businesses and consumers involved in the dairy industry whose purpose it was to ensure the joint representation of their members' economic interests.
Država ima tako kot v zadevah Pearle, Doux Élevage in Val'Hor zgolj vlogo instrumenta, s katerim izravnalni mehanizem, ki je nastal na pobudo zasebnega sektorja, postane obvezen, tako da se obremenitev pravično porazdeli [19].
Although that professional association had the status of a public body, the Court of Justice found that State aid did not exist because the advertising measures were funded not by resources made available to state bodies but rather by levies collected from undertakings operating in the sector [16].
Tako se dajatev v skladu s členom 22 MFG pobira samo v „posvetovanju“ z deželnimi združenji.
The Land associations, as the bodies competent for collecting and allocating the milk levy, also differed from the agricultural committees in Plans de Campagne, which were not involved in defining the measures in question and did not have any discretion in their application [17].
Deželna združenja sama prav tako niso bila ustanovljena zaradi državnih predpisov, temveč so „prostovoljna“ združenja pripadnikov sektorja mleka (člen 14 MFG).
The Land associations were non-state and entirely private bodies that determined the amount and allocation of the milk levy as such on their own responsibility.
S tem je induktivno ponazorjeno, da gre pri dajatvi na mleko le za izravnalni mehanizem zasebnega sektorja, pri katerem ima država zgolj vlogo „instrumenta“, s katerim obveznost dajatve postane zavezujoča [20].
Moreover, the benefit enjoyed by the dairy industry was not a drain on the public exchequer because the milk levy was collected from operators belonging to the dairy industry, i.e. the selective ‘advantage’ was offset by a selective burden.
LVN je v preglednici opozorilo na skupne značilnosti oziroma razlike med različnimi zadevami na eni strani in MFG na drugi strani, ki obstajajo po njegovem mnenju.
This in itself was enough to rule out any preferential treatment or distortion of competition because the ‘advantages’ enjoyed by dairies and milk producers were offset by having to pay the levy.
V zadevi Val'Hor (Sklep 2014/416/EU) (sklep: ne gre za državno pomoč), kot pri dajatvi na mleko, sredstva v glavnem pobirajo in dodeljujejo državno priznane zasebne in prostovoljno združene panožne organizacije, s prispevki pripadnikov panoge se financirajo kolektivno usmerjeni ukrepi v korist panoge, zakonsko določena možnost državnega priznavanja zasebne panožne organizacije sama ne pomeni, da gre za državni nadzor, država dejansko ne more uporabljati sredstev, da bi pomagala določenim podjetjem, panožna organizacija pa sama odloča o uporabi sredstev.
In Vent de Colère, the Court of Justice had found a system of charges to constitute State aid because — following a change to the law — the burden was no longer offset solely by charges paid by members of the economic sector in question (energy) but by charges paid by all end-consumers of electricity resident in the national territory [18].
V zadevi Vent de Colère (C-262/12) (sklep: gre za državno pomoč) je, za razliko od dajatve na mleko, višina dajatve določena enostransko z ministrskim odlokom brez sodelovanja pripadnikov zasebnega sektorja, obstaja državno jamstvo, sredstva upravlja javni organ in obstajajo državni mehanizmi sankcij.
LVN also considered State aid not to exist in the event that it related to ‘collective operations’ implemented in the interests of a specific sector and funded on the basis of contributions collected from members of that sector.
V zadevi Doux Élevage (C-677/11) (sklep: ne gre za državno pomoč), kot pri dajatvi na mleko, sredstva v glavnem pobirajo in dodeljujejo državno priznane zasebne in prostovoljno združene panožne organizacije; zgolj zaradi zakonsko določene možnosti državnega priznavanja zasebne panožne organizacije še ni mogoče domnevati, da gre za državni nadzor, sredstva se v celoti črpajo iz zneskov, pobranih od gospodarskih subjektov, država dejansko ne more uporabljati sredstev, da bi podprla določena podjetja, panožna organizacija pa sama odloča o uporabi sredstev.
The contested measures were intended solely to promote milk as a product and thus the collective interest of the dairy industry.
V zadevi Plans de Campagne (T-139/09) (sklep: gre za državno pomoč) za razliko od dajatve na mleko o višini prispevkov odloča uradni organ, zbrani prispevki se dopolnjujejo z državnimi sredstvi, ukrepe določa država (žig državnega nadzornika itd.), odbori gospodarske panoge pri določanju ne sodelujejo in tudi nimajo nikakršnega manevrskega prostora pri uporabi ukrepov, sej odborov pa se udeležuje delegat ministra.
The measures in question also partially protected consumer interests because the two purposes could not be separated from each other owing to the overlapping of interests that existed.
V zadevi Pearle (C-345/02) (sklep: ne gre za državno pomoč) se, kot pri dajatvi na mleko, sredstva uporabljajo izključno za namene posamezne gospodarske panoge, združenje določene gospodarske panoge je pri javnem organu dalo predlog za zbiranje prispevkov, da je lahko izvajalo določene ukrepe v korist te gospodarske panoge, za razliko od dajatve na mleko pa je pri pobiranju in uporabi obvezne dajatve odločilno udeleženo javnopravno in ne zasebno poklicno združenje, tako da se zdi zadeva Pearle v tem delu težavnejša od dajatve na mleko.
The role of the State was confined to making available to the dairy sector, through the MFG, a statutory compensation mechanism that — by its nature — guaranteed that the members of the dairy industry who benefited from the measures implemented for milk as a product were the ones who contributed to the costs.
Mnenje Nemčije z dne 3. decembra 2014
As in Pearle, Doux Élevage and VaľHor, the State thus functioned solely as a facilitator enabling the compensation mechanism set up by the private sector to be made mandatory and thus ensuring a fair sharing of burdens [19].
Glede dodatnega mnenja LVN z dne 8. julija 2014 pa je z dopisom z dne 3. decembra 2014 navedla, kot je prikazano v nadaljevanju.
The levy had been initiated by the Land associations and thus by the private sector.
Zadevne zvezne dežele so se v svojih navedbah v postopku preiskave za dajatev na mleko v skladu z MFG osredotočile predvsem na dvoje, in sicer prvič, pri dokazovanju skladnosti izvedenih ukrepov, na materialne določbe o državni pomoči (zlasti glede združljivosti ukrepov z določbami uredbe o izjemah v kmetijstvu in veljavnih kmetijskih smernic) ter drugič, glede dejanskega stanu, na vprašanje, ali obstaja prednost, pomembna s pravnega vidika državne pomoči v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU.
The levy was thus collected pursuant to Section 22 of the MFG solely in ‘consultation’ with the Land associations.
Mnenje LVN z dne 8. julija 2014 ter sedanja praksa odločanja evropskih sodišč in Evropske komisije pomenijo priložnost za dopolnilne izhodiščne navedbe glede vprašanja, ali tukaj sploh obstaja dejanski stan državne pomoči v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU in zlasti, ali tukaj obstaja element dejanskega stanu „dodeljeno iz državnih sredstev“.
The Land associations were themselves not a product of State action either but rather ‘voluntary’ organisations made up of members of the dairy industry (Section 14 of the MFG).
Pripombe LVN z dne 8. julija 2014 in pregled zgoraj navedenih odločitev vzbujajo vsaj dvom o tem, ali je v obravnavanem primeru izpolnjen element dejanskega stanu „dodeljeno iz državnih sredstev“, tako da pri pobiranju in uporabi dajatve na mleko ne bi šlo za državno pomoč.
The situation in Thuringia, where the Land association was not recognised until 1999, was clearly documented in this respect.
To je mogoče utemeljiti, kot je navedeno v nadaljevanju.
At the request of the Thuringian Farmers' Association, the competent Ministry ‘initiated the necessary formal administrative steps’ to collect the levy from dairies and milk collection centres.
Kot izhaja iz zadeve Val'Hor (Sklep 2014/416/EU) in zadeve Doux Élevage (C-677/11), pri ukrepih, ki so jih financirale in izvajale zasebne panožne organizacije, ne gre za državne pomoči.
This made it blatantly clear that the milk levy was a purely private compensation mechanism, with the state acting solely as a facilitator in order to make payment of the levy mandatory [20].
Pri deželnih združenjih za mleko, ki obstajajo v posameznih zveznih deželah, gre za organizacije, ki bi lahko bile primerljive z organizacijami iz navedenih odločb.
In summing up, LVN stressed what it considered to be the similarities and differences between various legal cases on the one hand and the MFG on the other.
Državni organi niso bili nikoli člani teh deželnih združenj.
In VaľHor (Decision 2014/416/EU) (result: no aid), as in the case of the milk levy, the funds were collected and allocated essentially by a state-recognised private and voluntary interbranch organisation, the contributions paid by operators within the branch were used to fund collective operations for the benefit of the branch, the possibility provided for by law of state recognition of the private interbranch organisation did not in itself lead to the assumption of public control, the state could not in fact use the funds to support certain businesses, and the interbranch organisation itself decided on how the funds were to be used.
Udeležujejo se sej brez pravice glasovanja, tako rekoč kot zunanji gosti.
In Vent de Colère (C-262/12) (result: aid), unlike with the milk levy, the amount of the charge in question was fixed unilaterally by ministerial decree without the involvement of private parties, there was a state guarantee, the funds were managed by a public body and state penalty mechanisms were put in place.
Ne glede na udeležbo državnega organa v okviru pobiranja dajatve na mleko oz. nadzora nad upoštevanjem pravnih pogojev iz MFG so deželna združenja organ, ki odloča o izbiri projektov.
In Doux Élevage (C-677/11) (result: no aid), as in the case of the milk levy, the funds were collected and allocated essentially by a state-recognised private and voluntary interbranch organisation, the possibility provided for by law of state recognition of the private interbranch organisation did not in itself lead to the assumption of public control, the funds came entirely from contributions collected from economic operators, the state could not in fact use the funds to support certain businesses, and the interbranch organisation itself decided on how the funds were to be used.
V praksi posamezna deželna združenja upravljajo z zneski, zbranimi z dajatvijo, in odločajo o uporabi sredstev iz dajatve.
In Plans de Campagne (T-139/09) (result: aid), unlike with the milk levy, an authority decided on the level of contributions, the income from contributions was topped up by State resources, measures were defined by the State (stamp of the State financial controller, etc.) without involvement on the part of branch committees, the latter had no discretion in applying the measures, and a representative of the Minister took part in committee meetings.
Državnega vpliva na podlagi „preverjanja“ oz. „določitve“ predlogov deželnih združenj s strani državnih organov v praksi ni, saj to ostaja v okviru člena 22(2) MFG in je namenjeno preverjanju, ali se upoštevajo pravne določbe člena 22 MFG.
In Pearle (C-345/02) (result: no aid), as in the case of the milk levy, funds were used solely for the purposes of the branch in question, an association of a specific branch had asked a public body to collect contributions in order to implement certain measures for the benefit of that branch, and, unlike with the milk levy, a public and not a private professional association played an important role in collecting and allocating the compulsory levy, with the result that Pearle seemed to be more problematic than the milk levy.
Sredstva iz dajatve se uporabljajo v skladu s predlogi za uporabo, ki jih dajo deželna združenja, kar v skladu s sodbo Sodišča z dne 16. maja 2002 v zadevi Stardust Marine (C-482/99) nedvomno kaže, da ne gre za državna sredstva.
Germany's comments of 3 December 2014
Deželna združenja so popolnoma zasebne organizacije.
Germany responded to an additional opinion of LVN dated 8 July 2014 by letter dated 3 December 2014, as follows:
To dejstvo in ugotovitev, da deželna združenja upravljajo dajatev na mleko in njeno uporabo, je odločilen razlog za to, da se dajatev na mleko, podobno kot v navedeni zadevi, ne uvrsti med državno pomoč.
In their comments in the formal investigation procedure concerning the milk levy provided for in the MFG, the German Länder in question had focused on two aspects: the consistency of the measures implemented with the material requirements of the State aid rules (in particular as regards their compatibility with the requirements of the Agriculture Exemption Regulation and the current agricultural guidelines), and the question whether there was any ‘favouring’ relevant to the State aid rules within the meaning of Article 107(1) TFEU.
Dodaten razlog za to, da ne gre za državno pomoč, je dejstvo, da so sredstva dajatve na mleko v celoti zasebna sredstva.
LVN's comments of 8 July 2014 and the current decisional practice of the European Courts and the European Commission gave rise to the need for additional comments of a fundamental nature concerning whether State aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) TFEU indeed existed, and in particular whether the constituent element of aid being granted ‘through state resources’ applied.
Gre za sredstva, ki izvirajo iz premoženja zasebnih podjetij, ki jih bremeni dajatev.
LVN's comments of 8 July 2014 and an examination of the abovementioned Judgments at least gave rise to doubts as to whether the element of aid being granted ‘through state resources’ applied in this case and whether, therefore, the collection and allocation of the milk levy constituted State aid.
Za razliko od zadev Vent de Colère (C-262/12) in Plans de Campagne (T-139/09), v katerih je bil obstoj državne pomoči zaradi tega razloga potrjen, pri dajatvi na mleko ne obstaja državna subvencija ali prevzem jamstva.
The reasons for this were as follows:
Poleg tega je dajatev na mleko kolektiven ukrep za celotno panogo, kar je v skladu s sedanjim pravnim položajem (Sklep 2014/416/EU (Val'Hor) in C-677/11 (Doux Élevage)) razlog za to, da ne gre za državno pomoč.
As had emerged from the Val'Hor Decision (Decision 2014/416/EU) and in Doux Élevage (C-677/11), measures funded and implemented by private interbranch organisations did not constitute State aid.
Prav tako obstaja dvom o dajanju prednosti, ki je nujen pogoj za domnevo, da gre za državno pomoč.
The Land associations for milk that existed in the individual Länder were organisations that could be regarded as comparable to the organisations referred to in Val'Hor and Doux Élevage. state bodies had never been members of these Land associations.
To bi bilo mogoče utemeljiti s tem, da so se prednosti, ki so jih imele mlekarne in proizvajalci mleka, popolnoma izničile oziroma „nevtralizirale“ z dajatvami, pobranimi pri mlekarnah, s tem pa posredno tudi pri proizvajalcih mleka.
They took part in meetings without any voting rights and thus essentially as external guests.
V prid tej razlagi govori tudi sodba Sodišča z dne 19. decembra 2013 (C-262/12, Vent de Colère), v kateri se dejanski stan državne pomoči šteje kot izpolnjen prav zato, ker se obveznosti ne pobirajo več samo pri pripadnikih panoge, ampak tudi pri vseh domačih odjemalcih električne energije.
The involvement of state bodies in implementing the milk levy or monitoring compliance with the legal conditions set out in the MFG did not alter the fact that the Land associations were the competent body for selecting projects.
Iz navedenih točk, ki deloma izhajajo iz ponovne preučitve sistema dajatve na mleko, in ob ohranjanju dosedanjega stališča zadevnih zveznih dežel je treba sklepati, da obstajajo dvomi glede vprašanja, ali gre pri sistemu dajatve na mleko za državno pomoč.
In actual fact, it was the respective Land associations that managed revenues from the levy and determined how they should be allocated.
Na vprašanje, ali gre za državno pomoč, zlasti pa, ali je tukaj izpolnjen element dejanskega stanu „državna sredstva“, mora odgovoriti Evropska komisija.
No state influence as a result of the ‘monitoring’ or ‘adoption’ of the Land associations' proposals by state bodies existed in reality since the latter merely operated as provided for in Section 22(2) of the MFG and sought to examine whether the statutory requirements of Section 22 of the MFG were being met.
OCENA
The levy resources were used in accordance with the proposals which the Land associations themselves made concerning their allocation, a fact which, in accordance with the Judgment of the Court of Justice of 16 May 2002 in Stardust Marine (C-482/99), clearly indicated that they were not State resources.
Podukrepi, ki ne pomenijo državne pomoči
The Land associations were purely private organisations.
Podpora znanstvenikom
This fact, together with the observation that the Land associations managed the milk levy and how it was used, was a clear indication that the milk levy should, in line with the abovementioned case-law, not be classified as State aid.
Glede podpore znanstvenikom (gl. uvodno izjavo 61) Komisija ugotavlja, da imajo od nje koristi fizične osebe, ki ne opravljajo gospodarske dejavnosti.
The existence of State aid was further disproved by the fact that the milk levy resources were purely private resources.
Komisija nadalje domneva, da so se navedeni znanstveniki ukvarjali z neodvisnimi raziskavami in razvojem z namenom poglabljanja znanja in razumevanja v smislu točke 19 Sporočila Komisije o uporabi pravil Evropske unije o državni pomoči za nadomestilo, dodeljeno za opravljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena [21].
They were resources derived from the assets of the private undertakings that were required to pay the levy.
Komisija v tem primeru domneva, da gre za negospodarsko dejavnost.
In the case of the milk levy, there was no state funding or guarantee, in contrast to the situation in Cases C-262/12 (Vent de Colère) and T-139/09 (Plans de Campagne), in which it was found that State aid existed for this very reason.
Za podjetje v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU se šteje samo subjekt, ki opravlja gospodarsko dejavnost.
Moreover, the milk levy was a collective, industry-wide measure which, in accordance with the current legal situation as established in Val'Hor (Decision 2014/416/EU) and Doux Élevage (C-677/11), militated against the existence of State aid.
Iz tega sledi, da podpora znanstvenikom, dodeljena v okviru tega podukrepa, ni državna pomoč v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU.
It was also doubtful whether any advantage was conferred by the scheme, something that it would have to do if it were to be assumed to constitute aid.
Predavanja na Visoki strokovni šoli v Hannovru
This was because the advantages enjoyed by dairies and milk producers were fully cancelled out or ‘neutralised’ by the levies paid by dairies and thus indirectly by milk producers.
Glede predavanj zaposlenih VDM na Visoki strokovni šoli v Hannovru (gl. uvodno izjavo 62) Komisija ugotavlja, da študijski programi na javnih strokovnih šolah spadajo na področje državno organiziranega javnega izobraževanja.
This was also confirmed by the Judgment of 19 December 2013 of the Court of Justice in Vent de Colère (C-262/12), in which it was also deemed that State aid existed because the costs were no longer met solely by operators in the branch but by all domestic electricity consumers.
V skladu s sodno prakso se sistem javnega izobraževanja, ki se organizira v okviru nacionalnega sistema izobraževanja ter ga financira in nadzira država, lahko obravnava kot negospodarska dejavnost.
It followed from these points, some of which had emerged from a re-examination of the milk levy scheme and from the fact that the German Länder in question were maintaining their current position, that doubts existed as to whether the milk levy system did constitute State aid.
Glede tega je Sodišče ugotovilo, da država „z vzpostavitvijo in ohranjanjem takega sistema javnega izobraževanja, načeloma financiranega iz javnega proračuna in ne iz prispevkov učencev ali njihovih staršev, […] nima namena sodelovati v pridobitnih dejavnostih, temveč izpolnjuje naloge, ki jih ima do svojih prebivalcev na socialnem, kulturnem in izobraževalnem področju“ [22].
This question, and in particular whether the ‘State resources’ element existed, had to be answered by the European Commission.
Predmetna predavanja so del študijskega programa javne visoke strokovne šole.
ASSESSMENT
Javno izobraževanje, ki ga organizira navedena visoka strokovna šola, se šteje za negospodarsko dejavnost (gl. uvodno izjavo 123).
Sub-measures not constituting aid
Kar zadeva dejavnost poučevanja, Komisija domneva, da se izvaja kot postranska dejavnost in kot taka ne pomeni gospodarske dejavnosti [23].
Support for scientists
Če ne gre za gospodarsko dejavnost, ni mogoče govoriti o dajanju prednosti podjetjem v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU.
With regard to the matter of support for scientists (see recital 61), the Commission finds that this support benefits private individuals.
Iz tega sledi, da ne gre za državno pomoč v smislu te določbe.
The Commission also assumes that those scientists were engaged in independent research and development to increase knowledge and understanding within the meaning of paragraph 19 of the Communication from the Commission on the application of the European Union State aid rules to compensation granted for the provision of services of general economic interest [21].
Podukrepi, ki pomenijo državno pomoč
The Commission believes in this case that the activity in question is a non-economic activity.
Člen 107(1) PDEU določa, da je vsaka pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, ali kakršna koli vrsta pomoči iz državnih sredstev, ki izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco z dajanjem prednosti posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga in ki prizadene trgovino med državami članicami, nezdružljiva z notranjim trgom.
Only persons engaging in economic activities may be classified as undertakings under Article 107(1) TFEU.
Pomoči, ki jih dodeli država, oziroma pomoči iz državnih sredstev
Consequently, the support granted to scientists under this sub-measure does not constitute aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) TFEU.
Na podlagi informacij, ki so na razpolago, predvsem pa mnenj, ki so jih predložile zainteresirane strani in organi Nemčije, je treba preveriti, ali gre pri sredstvih iz dajatve na mleko za državna sredstva v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU.
Lectures at Fachhochschule Hannover
V skladu z ustaljeno sodno prakso ni primerno razlikovati med primeri, v katerih pomoč dodeli neposredno država, in primeri, v katerih to pomoč dodeli javna ali zasebna ustanova, ki jo je za to določila ali ustanovila država [24].