natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
According to FBS, the LCC strategy had been highly successful.
Nemčija je trdila, da sredstva družbe FBS niso pod nadzorom države in da njihove uporabe ni mogoče pripisati državi.
The number of passengers at Schönefeld soared, with no decrease in passenger volumes at the other Berlin airports.
Po mnenju Nemčije zadevne spodbude in zadevni popusti niso bili financirani z javnimi sredstvi, ampak so bili rezultat poslovnih dejavnosti podjetja, ki deluje na področju zasebnega prava.
FBS emphasised that the increased traffic led to increased revenues and the economic difficulties were quickly overcome.
Nemčija je v tem okviru trdila, da družba FBS in njene odvisne družbe, čeprav so delno v lasti države, niso del javne uprave, ampak sta zanje izključno izrecno veljali načeli konkurence in prostega trga.
Already in 2006 the operating results (EBIT) of FBS were positive for the first time.
Dodala je, da so javni delničarji pričakovali, da bo družba FBS ustvarjala dobiček.
According to FBS this positive trend was set to continue, and this was particularly significant for the financing capability of the new airport.
Pogodba o prenosu nadzora in dobička (ukrep 1)
FBS argues that the strategic change initiated in 2003 had been essential for economic reasons and that FBS had behaved like a prudent market economy operator in taking that step.
Nemčija je menila, da pogodba o prenosu nadzora in dobička ne vključuje navzkrižnega subvencioniranja, ki bi bilo podlaga za državno pomoč.
On the basis of the business plan underpinning the LCC Strategy, FBS would have been in a position to assume that the airport’s operations would not continue to be unprofitable.
Nemčija je poudarila, da so bila berlinska letališča z vidika javne zakonodaje in na podlagi zakonodaje Unije [32] medsebojno povezana tako, da tvorijo enotni „sistem letališč“.
FBS referred to the study that it commissioned to auditing firm […] (‘the first expert study’), which was finalised in 2007 and which would have confirmed that from the perspective of a market economy operator, it was rational to implement the LCC Strategy and put in place a corresponding schedule of charges.
Namen takega sistema letališč je obravnavanje različnih letališč kot eno samo letališče z več vzletno-pristajalnimi stezami.
FBS claims that the individual agreements concluded with certain LCCs before the date of application of the 2004 schedule of charges had been necessary for the implementation of the LCC strategy in order to offer airlines an incentive to base themselves at Schönefeld.
Zato je treba družbi FBS in BFG obravnavati kot eno podjetje.
FBS referred to a second study, commissioned to auditing firm […], which was also finalised in 2007.
Poudarila je, da je sama Komisija pogodbo o prenosu nadzora in dobička, skupni sistem informacijske tehnologije, centralizirane ključne funkcije in združene načrte družbe navedla kot merila za upoštevanje posameznih družb v skupini kot neavtonomnih [33].
In the framework of that study, the consultancy analysed the profitability of the various agreements forming measure 3 and found that FBS behaved like a rational market economy operator when it concluded each of them.
Po mnenju Nemčije prenos dobička ni vključeval prenosa stroškov z letališča Schönefeld na letališči Tegel in Tempelhof.
All these individual agreements with the different airlines would have been concluded on the basis of purely economic considerations with a view to improving FBS’s economic situation in the short term.
Prav tako ni vplival na letališke pristojbine na letališču Tegel.
With regard to the 2003 easyJet agreement, FBS maintained that it had been an essential component of the implementation of the LCC strategy and that it did not involve State aid.
Pristojbine, obračunane na vseh treh letališčih, so temeljile na osnovnih stroških posameznega letališča.
The LCC strategy would have created an incentive for easyJet — one of the leading LCCs in Europe — to establish a base at Schönefeld.
Nemčija je poleg tega poudarila, da je družba FBS kot vsako drugo zasebno podjetje izvajala strateški načrt, da bi dolgoročno ustvarjala dobiček.
On the basis of the successful conclusion of the 2003 easyJet agreement easyJet (viewed as an ‘anchor tenant’), FBS would have been able to attract other airlines to Schönefeld.
Glavni element tega načrta je bila gradnja enega samega letališča za Berlin na lokaciji letališča Schönefeld.
The contractual relationship with easyJet (including the latter’s obligation to base a minimum number of aircraft at Schönefeld) would have ensured a high level of planning certainty on both sides and would have significantly contributed to increasing Schönefeld’s profitability.
Pravna veljavnost seznama iz leta 2004
FBS argues that the 2003 easyJet agreement did not fundamentally deviate from the 2004 Schedule and entailed no undue granting of advantages.
Nemčija je trdila, da v začasnem zaključku iz sklepa o začetku postopka, v katerem Komisija navaja, da seznami pristojbin, ki jih pristojni organ ni brezpogojno odobril, niso veljavni [34], ni ustrezno upoštevana zakonska ureditev v Nemčiji.
FBS also pointed out that the 2007 easyJet amending agreement explicitly referred to the 2006 Schedule, which was applicable at the time.
Odobritev pristojnega organa v regiji v skladu z oddelkom 43a Pravilnika o izdaji dovoljenj v zračnem prometu [35] ni predpogoj za pravno veljavnost seznama pristojbin.
FBS further stressed that the individual contracts with LCCs had been signed before the 2005 Aviation Guidelines were adopted and, at least for some agreements, even before the adoption of the Charleroi decision of the Commission [31].
V skladu z ustaljeno sodno prakso nemškega zveznega sodišča (Bundesgerichtshof) in nemških nižjih sodišč so objavljeni seznami letališč „splošni pogoji poslovanja“ (Allgemeine Geschäftsbedingungen), kot so opredeljeni v nemškem civilnem pravu [36].
Besides, according to FBS, renting facilities at Terminal B to easyJet conferred no specific advantage on it.
Seznam pristojbin je imel torej vlogo pogodbenih pogojev, ki so bili samodejno ponujeni tistim letalskim prevoznikom, ki so uporabljali letališče, ne glede na to, ali je pristojni organ zadevni seznam pristojbin odobril [37].
The allocation of a separate terminal to easyJet would have been done on economic and practical grounds because of that airline’s high passenger throughput at Schönefeld. easyJet would have paid a normal market price, which would have been agreed on the basis of existing rents at Schönefeld.
V tem okviru je brandenburško višje regionalno sodišče (Brandenburgisches Oberlandesgericht) objavilo sodno smernico („richterlicher Hinweis“), v skladu s katero se sodbe potsdamskega regionalnega sodišča ne bi smelo sprejeti.
The allocation of terminal areas was common practice at German and international airports.
Nemčija je poudarila, da je bila pritožba na bistvo postopka pozneje v okviru poravnave med strankami v sporu umaknjena.
Furthermore, there would be no advertising rights giving easyJet an advantage over other airlines, since easyJet would have been given branding rights in its check-in area only, in the same way as any other airline.
Sodba potsdamskega regionalnega sodišča zato ni nikoli postala pravnomočna, z umikom pritožbe pa je izgubila učinek, čeprav ni bila nikdar izrecno razveljavljena.
COMMENTS FROM GERMANY
Nemčija je navedla, da je potsdamsko regionalno sodišče ponovno proučilo svojo razlago zakona in v zelo podobni poznejši zadevi zavrnilo pritožbo glede seznama pristojbin letališča Schönefeld.
State influence
Posamezni dogovori med družbo FBS in nekaterimi letalskimi prevozniki (ukrepa 2 in 3)
Germany argued that FBS’s resources are not under State control, and that their use could not be attributed to the State.
Nemčija je navedla, da bi bilo treba sistem pristojbin in posamezne pogodbene dogovore z različnimi letalskimi prevozniki na letališču Schönefeld proučiti v okviru izvajanja strategije za nizkocenovne prevoznike.
According to Germany, the incentives and rebates in question were not financed through public resources, but were the result of the business activities of an undertaking operating under private law.
Nemčija je trdila, da berlinska letališča v navedenem okviru, ker sestavljajo en „sistem letališč“, medsebojno ne konkurirajo.
Germany argued in this context that FBS and its subsidiaries, though partially state-owned, were not integrated into the public administration, but had been explicitly made subject to the principles of competition and free market.
Letališče Schönefeld je pripomoglo k manjšemu pritisku na letališče Tegel, ki je bilo na meji svoje zmogljivosti.
Germany added that the public shareholders expected FBS to yield profits.
Strategija za nizkocenovne prevoznike je bila zakonit način posrednega nadzora prometa.
The control and profit transfer agreement (measure 1)
Zaradi nje se število potnikov na letališču Tegel ni zmanjšalo.
Germany pointed out that in public law terms, as well as under EU legislation [32], Berlin’s airports were interlinked in such a way as to form a single ‘airport system’.
Poleg tega zaradi geografske oddaljenosti berlinska letališča niso konkurirala letališču Leipzig, Dresden, Hamburg ali Lübeck, zlasti glede potnikov nizkocenovnih prevoznikov, ki pazijo na stroške.
The purpose of such an airport system would be to treat different airports as a single airport with multiple runways.
Po mnenju Nemčije je bila za izvajanje strategije za nizkocenovne prevoznike bistvena pridobitev letalskega prevoznika kot ključnega najemnika, ki bi letališče Schönefeld uporabljal kot vozlišče.
FBS and BFG would thus have to be viewed as a single undertaking.
To je bil prvi korak k oblikovanju velikega obsega prometa na navedenem letališču, zaradi česar bi bilo bolj zanimivo za druge letalske prevoznike.
Germany stressed that the Commission itself had referred to a control and profit transfer agreement, a joint IT structure, centralised key functions and unified company plans as criteria for considering individual companies within a group as non-autonomous [33].
Če bi se na letališču Schönefeld uporabljali enaki pogoji kot na letališču Tegel, takega ključnega najemnika ne bi bilo mogoče pridobiti, saj so bili že v 90. letih prejšnjega stoletja poskusi, da bi letalske prevoznike prepričali, naj se z letališča Tegel preselijo na letališče Schönefeld, neuspešni.
According to Germany, the transfer of profits would not involve transferring the costs of Schönefeld to Tegel and Tempelhof.
Da bi preusmerili promet in učinkovito izkoristili zmogljivost letališča Schönefeld, je bilo treba na navedeno letališče privabiti zračni promet.
It would have no impact on airport charges at Tegel.
Letalski prevozniki so z izvajanjem strategije za nizkocenovne prevoznike, ki je obsegala seznam pristojbin z vključenimi popusti na število potnikov in drugimi finančnimi spodbudami, prejeli ustrezno spodbudo.
The charges levied at all three airports would be based on the underlying costs at each site.
Strategijo za nizkocenovne prevoznike je bilo treba izvajati prek posameznih dogovorov z več letalskimi prevozniki pred začetkom veljavnosti seznama iz leta 2004, da bi se čim prej omejile izgube letališča Schönefeld in pridobil ugoden položaj na takrat hitro rastočemu trgu nizkocenovnih prevoznikov.
Moreover, Germany pointed out that FBS, like any other private undertaking, was following a strategic plan with a view to making long-term profits.
Nemčija je glede tega poudarila, da bi bilo za uradno spremembo seznama pristojbin letališča potrebno obsežno upravno delo, ki ga ne bi bilo mogoče dokončati dovolj hitro, da bi lahko z izvajanjem strategije za nizkocenovne prevoznike začeli čim prej, tj. do konca leta 2003.
The main feature of this plan would be the creation of a single airport for Berlin on the Schönefeld site.
Nemčija je trdila, da je družba FBS s sprejetjem ukrepov, ki se ocenjujejo, ravnala kot vlagatelj v tržnem gospodarstvu, saj so njene poslovne odločitve temeljile na strategiji za nizkocenovne prevoznike, posamezni dogovori pa so bili sklenjeni na podlagi trdnega poslovnega načrta, ki ga je pripravil svetovalec.
Legal validity of the 2004 Schedule
Navedla je tudi oceni, ki sta ju po naročilu družbe FBS izvedli revizijski družbi […] in […], da bi se ocenilo, ali so bili strategija za nizkocenovne prevoznike in posamezni dogovori v skladu z načelom vlagatelja v tržnem gospodarstvu, kar so tudi bili.
According to Germany, the provisional conclusion reached by the Commission in the opening decision, according to which schedules of charges that have not been unconditionally approved by the competent regional authority are not valid [34], would not correctly reflect the legal situation prevailing in Germany.
Po mnenju Nemčije so revizorji glede odločitve uprave o strateški preusmeritvi in uvedbi sheme finančnih spodbud sklenili, da se lahko dokaže, da bi vlagatelj v tržnem gospodarstvu v primerljivem položaju sprejel enake odločitve.
Approval by the competent authority of the region (Land) in accordance with Section 43a of the Air Traffic Licensing Order [35] would not be a pre-requisite for the legal validity of the schedule of charges.
Glede dogovora z družbo easyJet iz leta 2003 in posameznih dogovorov iz preglednice 6 (razen dogovora z družbo V-Bird) je družba […] izračunala njihove neto sedanje vrednosti, ki so bile vse pozitivne, in ugotovila, da bi vlagatelj v tržnem gospodarstvu ravnal enako kot družba FBS.
According to the established case-law of the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof) and the lower German courts, the airports’ published schedules of charges would constitute ‘standard terms of business’ (Allgemeine Geschäftsbedingungen) as defined under German civil law [36].
Po mnenju družbe […] bi lahko obstoj dogovora z družbo easyJet iz leta 2003 povzročil pritiske na pristojbine, ki bi jih družba FBS lahko izpogajala z drugimi prevozniki za njihove dejavnosti na letališču BER, kar bi vplivalo na donosnost prihodnjega letališča.
This means that the schedules of charges would play the role of contractual conditions offered by default to those airlines using the airport, whether or not the competent authority has approved the relevant schedule of charges [37].
Nemčija je glede tega poudarila, da pomisleki glede prvotnega trajanja dogovora z družbo easyJet iz leta 2003 niso več pomembni, saj je bil zadevni dogovor spremenjen z dogovorom z družbo easyJet iz leta 2007, s katerim je bila uvedena določba o prenehanju veljavnosti dogovora ob odprtju letališča BER, ki je bilo takrat načrtovano za leto 2011.
According to Germany, in the judgment of 20 October 2004, referred to by the Commission at paragraph 22 of the opening decision [38], the Potsdam Regional Court (Landgericht Potsdam), misconstrued the circumstances.
Poleg tega je Nemčija v svojih stališčih glede pripomb tretjih strani menila, da so bile izjave tretjih strani glede seznama pristojbin iz leta 2004 in posameznih dogovorov z nizkocenovnimi prevozniki delno nepravilne in vzete iz konteksta.
Moreover, Germany indicated that this judgment had been appealed.
Poudarila je, da naj bi seznam pristojbin na letališču Schönefeld spodbudil povezave z novimi namembnimi kraji in ni bil diskriminatoren, saj so popusti koristili vsakemu letalskemu prevoznik, ki je privabil zadostno število potnikov na letališče Schönefeld ali uvedel nove povezave ali večjo pogostost letov z letališča Schönefeld.
In that context, the Brandenburg Higher Regional Court (Brandenburgisches Oberlandesgericht) had issued judicial guidance (‘richterlicher Hinweis’) according to which the judgment of the Potsdam Regional Court (Landgericht Potsdam) ought not to be upheld.
Dogovor o najemu z družbo easyJet iz leta 2004 (ukrep 4)
Germany pointed out that subsequently, the complaint at the root of the proceedings had been withdrawn as part of a settlement between the parties to the dispute.
Nemčija je glede terminala B, ki ga je uporabljala družba easyJet, poudarila, da ima družba easyJet v najemu le del (24 %) skupne uporabne površine terminala B. Po mnenju Nemčije je dodelitev pisarn in okenc za prijavo na let v določenem delu terminala določenemu letalskemu prevozniku običajna praksa na mednarodnih letališčih in ne pomeni prednostne obravnave.
The ruling by the Potsdam Regional Court (Landgericht Potsdam) would thus have never taken effect and would have been rendered inoperative by the withdrawal of the complaint, even though it was not explicitly annulled.
Glede izključne pravice, ki je bila dodeljena družbi easyJet, je Nemčija poudarila, da zaradi velikega števila potnikov, ki ga je prevažala družba easyJet, drugi letalski prevozniki iz izključno praktičnih razlogov niso mogli uporabljati terminala B, saj je njegovo zmogljivost presegla že družba easyJet.
Germany indicated that the Potsdam Regional Court (Landgericht Potsdam) would have subsequently revised its interpretation of the law and in a very similar subsequent case, dismissed a complaint about Schönefeld’s schedule of charges.
Nemčija je nadalje poudarila, da je bila izključna pravica do uporabe nekaterih območij na letališču Schönefeld dodeljena tudi drugim letalskim prevoznikom.
Individual agreements between FBS and certain airlines (measures 2 and 3)
Zlasti skupina Lufthansa (družbe Condor, Sun-Express in Germanwings) je prvotno sama uporabljala terminal D, ko je bil ta zgrajen v obdobju 2004–2005.
Germany stated that the system of charges and individual contractual arrangements with various airlines at Schönefeld should be viewed in the context of the implementation of the LCC strategy.
Nemčija je nasprotovala tudi pripombam, ki so jih nekatere tretje strani podale glede ukrepa 4, in trdila, da so bili podatki o najemnini, ki so jih navedle nekatere od tretjih strani, nepravilni in neutemeljeni.
Germany argued that in that context, as Berlin’s airports form a single ‘airport system’, they are not in competition against one another.
Najemnina, ki jo je plačevala družba easyJet, je bila določena ob upoštevanju splošnih običajnih najemnin za letališče Schönefeld.
The LCC strategy would have been a legitimate way of indirectly controlling traffic.
Glede morebitnih prednosti za družbo easyJet zaradi posebne opreme za sprejem in odpremo prtljage na terminalu B je Nemčija navedla, da je to opremo proizvedla ista družba kot opremo na terminalu A, zasnovana pa je bila v skladu z istimi tehničnimi standardi.
It would not have brought about any reduction in passenger numbers at Tegel.
Oprema na terminalu B je bila zaradi vgrajene rentgenske tehnologije bolj zapletena, zato je imela manjšo tehnično zmogljivost, čas do prevzema prtljage je bil daljši in bolj je bila nagnjena k okvaram.
Rather, passenger numbers at both airports would have risen considerably in the years preceding the opening of the formal investigation procedure.
Družba easyJet je bila zaradi sistema za prevzem in odpremo prtljage na terminalu B pravzaprav v slabšem položaju kot letalski prevozniki, ki so lete opravljali s terminala A. Poleg tega je bilo zaradi razporeditve zgradb prtljago do čakajočega zrakoplova s terminala A mogoče prepeljati v znatno krajšem času kot s terminala B. Zaradi tega je bila družba easyJet v še slabšem položaju kot letalski prevozniki na terminalu A.
Besides, given the geographical distance involved, Berlin’s airports would not be competing against Leipzig, Dresden, Hamburg or Lübeck, particularly with respect to cost sensitive LCC passengers.
Nemčija je trdila, da sistem za prevzem in odpremo prtljage v nasprotju s pripombami nekaterih zainteresiranih strani ni bil obnovljen za družbo easyJet.
According to Germany, it would have been essential for the implementation of the LCC Strategy to get an airline as an anchor tenant to use Schönefeld as a hub.
Rentgenska oprema je bila leta 2003 vgrajena v obstoječi sistem za prevzem in odpremo prtljage zgolj iz varnostnih razlogov.
This would have been the first step towards establishing a large volume of traffic at that airport and would have made the latter more attractive to other airlines.
Nemčija je nazadnje trdila, da je bil potniški promet družbe easyJet na terminal B dodeljen na podlagi nediskriminatornih in primernih meril, čeprav brez postopka oddaje javnega naročila, ki v takih primerih na podlagi nemške zakonodaje ali zakonodaje Unije ni bil zahtevan.
It would have been impossible to attract such an anchor tenant if the same conditions had applied at Schönefeld as at Tegel, as shown by experiences with failed attempts to persuade airlines to move from Tegel to Schönefeld in the 1990s.
Po mnenju Nemčije je bilo leta 2004, ko se je družba easyJet odločila za opravljanje dejavnosti na letališču Schönefeld, jasno, da bo ta prevoznik že od začetka predstavljal zelo velik delež prometa na letališču.
To divert traffic and use Schönefeld’s capacity efficiently, it was necessary to attract air traffic to that airport.
Družba easyJet je dejansko že v začetku leta 2004 ustvarila 30 % prometa na letališču.
Airlines were given an appropriate incentive through the implementation of the LCC strategy, which involved a schedule of charges with embedded volume discounts and other financial incentives.
Združitev vseh dejavnosti družbe easyJet na enem samem terminalu je bila primerna in razumna, terminal B pa se je zaradi dodatne zmogljivosti štel za najprimernejšega.
It would have been necessary to implement the LCC strategy through individual agreements with several airlines prior to the entry into force of the 2004 Schedule, so as to limit the losses incurred by Schönefeld as quickly as possible and to obtain a favourable position on the then fast-growing LCC market.
Po mnenju Nemčije dostop drugim prevoznikom do letališča Schönefeld ni bil omejen ali oviran, saj je imelo letališče dovolj zmogljivosti, da bi ga lahko uporabljali vsi morebitni zainteresirani prevozniki.
In that respect, Germany pointed out that a formal amendment to an airport’s schedule of charges entailed extensive administrative work and that it could therefore not have been completed quickly enough to start implementing the LCC Strategy as soon as possible, namely by the end of 2003.
OCENA UKREPOV
Germany argued that FBS had acted like a market economy operator in adopting the measures under assessment, since its business decisions were based on the LCC Strategy and the individual agreements had been concluded on the basis of a solid business plan developed by the consultant.
V skladu s členom 107(1) PDEU je vsaka pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, ali kakršna koli vrsta pomoči iz državnih sredstev, ki izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco z dajanjem prednosti posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga, nezdružljiva s notranjim trgom, kolikor prizadene trgovino med državami članicami.
Germany also referred to the assessments carried out by two auditing firms, […] and […] which were commissioned by FBS to assess whether the market economy operator principle had been complied with by the LCC Strategy and the individual agreements, and found that this was the case.
Merila iz člena 107(1) PDEU so kumulativna.
According to Germany, the auditors concluded that, as regards both the management decision on a strategic reorientation and the introduction of a financial incentive scheme, it could be shown that a market economy operator in a comparable situation would have taken the same decisions.
Da torej ukrep pomeni državno pomoč v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU, mora biti izpolnjen vsak od naslednjih štirih pogojev.
As regards the 2003 easyJet agreement and the individual agreements mentioned in Table 6 (except the one with V-Bird), […] calculated their net present values (‘NPV’), which all turned out to be positive, and thus found that a market economy investor would have acted in exactly the same way as FBS.
Finančna pomoč: