natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Where certain measures taken under national air pollution control programmes aimed at preventing emissions in the agricultural sector are eligible for financial support, in particular measures by farms requiring significant changes of practices or significant investments, the Commission should facilitate access to such financial support and to other available Union funding.
Z inovacijami je mogoče izboljšati trajnost in reševati probleme pri izvoru, in sicer z boljšim odzivanjem posameznih sektorjev na izzive glede kakovosti zraka.
In order to reduce emissions, Member States should consider supporting the shift of investments to clean and efficient technologies.
Nacionalne programe nadzora nad onesnaževanjem zraka, vključno z analizo, ki podpira opredelitev politik in ukrepov, bi bilo treba redno posodabljati.
Innovation can help to improve sustainability and to solve problems at source by improving sectoral responses to air quality challenges.
Za oblikovanje nacionalnih programov nadzora nad onesnaževanjem zraka in kakršne koli pomembne posodobitve, ki temeljijo na zanesljivih informacijah, bi se morale države članice o teh programih in posodobitvah posvetovati z javnostjo in pristojnimi organi na vseh ravneh, ko so vse možnosti glede politik in ukrepov še vedno odprte.
National air pollution control programmes, including the analysis supporting the identification of policies and measures, should be regularly updated.
Države članice bi se morale vključiti v čezmejna posvetovanja, kadar bi izvajanje njihovih programov lahko vplivalo na kakovost zraka v drugi državi članici ali tretji državi, v skladu z zahtevami, določenimi v pravu Unije in mednarodnem pravu, vključno z UN/ECE Konvencijo o presoji čezmejnih vplivov na okolje (Konvencija iz Espooja) iz leta 1991 in njenim Protokolom o strateški presoji vplivov na okolje iz leta 2003.
In order to draw up well informed national air pollution control programmes and any significant updates, Member States should make those programmes and updates subject to consultation with the public and competent authorities at all levels and at a time when all options regarding policies and measures remain open.
Cilj te direktive je med drugim tudi varovanje zdravja ljudi.
Member States should engage in transboundary consultations where the implementation of their programmes could affect the air quality in another Member State or third country, in accordance with the requirements set out in Union and international law, including the UNECE Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (the ‘Espoo Convention’) of 1991 and its Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment of 2003.
Kot je Sodišče že večkrat opozorilo, bi bilo nezdružljivo z zavezujočim učinkom, ki ga ima direktiva na podlagi tretjega odstavka člena 288 Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije (PDEU), da se načeloma izključi možnost zainteresiranih oseb, da se sklicujejo na obveznost, ki jo ta direktiva nalaga.
The aim of this Directive, inter alia, is to protect human health.
Ta ugotovitev velja zlasti za direktivo, katere cilj je zagotoviti nadzor nad onesnaženjem zraka in zmanjšati takšno onesnaženje ter s tem zagotoviti varovanje zdravja ljudi.
As the Court of Justice has pointed out on numerous occasions, it would be incompatible with the binding effect which the third paragraph of Article 288 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) ascribes to a directive to exclude, in principle, the possibility of an obligation imposed by a directive from being relied on by persons concerned.
Države članice bi morale pripraviti nacionalne evidence emisij in projekcije, kot tudi informativna poročila o evidencah za vsa onesnaževala zraka, zajeta v tej direktivi, ter o njih poročati, kar bi nato moralo Uniji omogočati izpolnjevanje njenih dolžnosti glede poročanja v okviru Konvencije LRTAP in njenih protokolov.
That consideration applies particularly in respect of a directive which has the objective of controlling and reducing atmospheric pollution and which is designed, therefore, to protect human health.
Da se ohrani splošna usklajenost v Uniji kot celoti, bi morale države članice zagotoviti, da so njihova poročanja Komisiji o svojih nacionalnih evidencah emisij in projekcijah, kot tudi njihova informativna poročila o evidencah v celoti skladna z njihovim poročanjem v okviru Konvencije LRTAP.
Member States should prepare and report national emission inventories and projections as well as informative inventory reports for all air pollutants covered by this Directive, which should then enable the Union to comply with its reporting duties under the LRTAP Convention and its Protocols.
Da bi ocenili učinkovitost nacionalnih obveznosti zmanjšanja emisij, določenih s to direktivo, bi morale države članice spremljati tudi vplive onesnaženosti zraka na kopenske in vodne ekosisteme ter poročati o takih vplivih.
In order to preserve overall consistency for the Union as a whole, Member States should ensure that their reporting to the Commission of their national emission inventories and projections as well as informative inventory reports are fully consistent with their reporting under the LRTAP Convention.
Za zagotovitev stroškovne učinkovitosti bi morale države članice imeti možnost, da uporabijo izbirne kazalnike spremljanja iz te direktive, morale pa bi tudi poskrbeti za uskladitev z drugimi programi spremljanja, vzpostavljenimi na podlagi drugih sorodnih direktiv in, kadar je primerno, na podlagi Konvencije LRTAP.
In order to assess the effectiveness of the national emission reduction commitments laid down in this Directive, Member States should also monitor the impacts of air pollution on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and report such impacts.
Za izmenjavo izkušenj in dobrih praks, zlasti za zagotovitev novih smernic in lažje usklajeno izvajanje zakonodaje in politik Unije v zvezi z izboljšanjem kakovosti zraka, bi bilo treba vzpostaviti evropski forum za čisti zrak, ki vključuje vse deležnike, vključno s pristojnimi organi držav članic na vseh ustreznih ravneh.
In order to ensure a cost-effective approach, Member States should be able to use the optional monitoring indicators referred to in this Directive and should coordinate with other monitoring programmes established pursuant to related Directives and, if appropriate, to the LRTAP Convention.
V skladu z Direktivo 2003/4/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [7] bi morale države članice poskrbeti za aktivno in sistematično razširjanje informacij z elektronskimi sredstvi.
A European Clean Air Forum involving all stakeholders, including the competent authorities of the Member States at all relevant levels, should be established to exchange experience and good practices, in particular to provide input for guidance and facilitate the coordinated implementation of Union legislation and policies related to the improvement of air quality.
Potrebna je sprememba Direktive 2003/35/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [8], da bi navedeno direktivo uskladili s Konvencijo UN/ECE iz leta 1998 o dostopu do informacij, udeležbi javnosti pri odločanju in dostopu do pravnega varstva v okoljskih zadevah (Aarhuška konvencija).
In line with Directive 2003/4/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [7], Member States should ensure active and systematic dissemination of information by electronic means.
Da bi upoštevali tehnični in mednarodni razvoj, bi bilo treba na Komisijo prenesti pooblastilo, da v skladu s členom 290 PDEU sprejme akte v zvezi s spremembo Priloge I in dela 2 Priloge III ter Priloge IV zaradi njihove prilagoditve razvoju v okviru Konvencije LRTAP ter v zvezi s spremembo Priloge V zaradi njene prilagoditve tehničnemu in znanstvenemu napredku ter razvoju v okviru Konvencije LRTAP.
It is necessary to amend Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [8] with a view to ensuring consistency of that Directive with the UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters of 1998 (the ‘Aarhus Convention’).
Zlasti je pomembno, da se Komisija pri svojem pripravljalnem delu ustrezno posvetuje, vključno na ravni strokovnjakov, in da se ta posvetovanja izvedejo v skladu z načeli, določenimi v Medinstitucionalnem sporazumu z dne 13. aprila 2016 o boljši pripravi zakonodaje [9].
In order to take into account technical and international developments, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 TFEU should be delegated to the Commission in respect of amending Annex I, as well as Part 2 of Annex III and Annex IV, to adapt them to developments within the framework of the LRTAP Convention and in respect of amending Annex V to adapt it to technical and scientific progress and to developments within the framework of the LRTAP Convention.
Za zagotovitev enakopravnega sodelovanja pri pripravi delegiranih aktov Evropski parlament in Svet prejmeta vse dokumente sočasno s strokovnjaki iz držav članic, njuni strokovnjaki pa se sistematično lahko udeležujejo sestankov strokovnih skupin Komisije, ki zadevajo pripravo delegiranih aktov.
It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level, and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making [9].
Za zagotovitev enotnih pogojev izvajanja prožnosti in nacionalnih programov nadzora nad onesnaževanjem zraka v skladu s to direktivo bi bilo treba na Komisijo prenesti izvedbena pooblastila.
In particular, to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts, the European Parliament and the Council receive all documents at the same time as Member States' experts, and their experts systematically have access to meetings of Commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts.
Ta pooblastila bi bilo treba izvajati v skladu z Uredbo (EU) št. 182/2011 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [10].
In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of flexibilities and national air pollution control programmes under this Directive, implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission.
Države članice bi morale določiti pravila o kaznih za kršitve nacionalnih določb, sprejetih v skladu s to direktivo, in zagotoviti njihovo izvajanje.
Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council [10].
Te kazni bi morale biti učinkovite, sorazmerne in odvračilne.
Member States should lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements of national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive and ensure that they are implemented.
Glede na naravo in obseg sprememb, ki jih je treba vnesti v Direktivo 2001/81/ES, bi bilo treba navedeno direktivo nadomestiti, da se poveča pravna varnost, jasnost, preglednost in da se zakonodajo bolj poenostavi.
Those penalties should be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.
Za zagotovitev neprekinjenega izboljševanja kakovosti zraka bi države članice morale spoštovati nacionalne zgornje meje emisij iz Direktive 2001/81/ES, dokler se leta 2020 ne začnejo uporabljati nove nacionalne obveznosti zmanjšanja emisij iz te direktive.
In view of the nature and extent of the modifications which should be made to Directive 2001/81/EC, that Directive should be replaced to enhance legal certainty, clarity, transparency and legislative simplification.
Ker cilja te direktive, in sicer zagotavljanja visoke ravni zaščite zdravja ljudi in okolja, države članice ne morejo zadovoljivo doseči, temveč se zaradi čezmejne narave onesnaževanja zraka lažje doseže na ravni Unije, lahko Unija sprejme ukrepe v skladu z načelom subsidiarnosti iz člena 5 Pogodbe o Evropski uniji.
In order to ensure continuity in improving air quality, Member States should comply with the national emission ceilings set out in Directive 2001/81/EC until the new national emission reduction commitments laid down in this Directive become applicable in 2020.
V skladu z načelom sorazmernosti iz navedenega člena ta direktiva ne presega tistega, kar je potrebno za doseganje navedenega cilja.
Since the objective of this Directive, namely to ensure a high level of protection of human health and the environment, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States, but can rather, by reason of the transboundary nature of air pollution, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty on European Union.
V skladu s Skupno politično izjavo z dne 28. septembra 2011 držav članic in Komisije o obrazložitvenih dokumentih [11] se države članice zavezujejo, da bodo v upravičenih primerih obvestilu o ukrepih za prenos priložile enega ali več dokumentov, v katerih se pojasni razmerje med elementi direktive in ustrezajočimi deli nacionalnih instrumentov za prenos.
In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective.
Zakonodajalec meni, da je posredovanje takih dokumentov v primeru te direktive upravičeno –
In accordance with the Joint Political Declaration of 28 September 2011 of Member States and the Commission on explanatory documents [11], Member States have undertaken to accompany, in justified cases, the notification of their transposition measures with one or more documents explaining the relationship between the components of a directive and the corresponding parts of national transposition instruments.
SPREJELA NASLEDNJO DIREKTIVO:
With regard to this Directive, the legislator considers the transmission of such documents to be justified,
Člen 1
HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
Cilji in predmet urejanja
Article 1
Da bi se približali doseganju ravni kakovosti zraka, ki nimajo večjih negativnih vplivov na zdravje ljudi in okolje ter ne ogrožajo resno zdravja ljudi in okolja, ta direktiva za države članice določa obveznosti zmanjšanja antropogenih emisij žveplovega dioksida (SO2), dušikovih oksidov (NOx), nemetanskih hlapnih organskih spojin (NMVOC), amoniaka (NH3) in drobnih delcev (PM2,5) v zrak, poleg tega pa zahteva oblikovanje, sprejetje in izvajanje nacionalnih programov nadzora nad onesnaževanjem zraka ter spremljanje emisij in vplivov teh onesnaževal in drugih onesnaževal iz Priloge I, ter poročanje o njih.
Objectives and subject matter
Ta direktiva prispeva tudi k:
In order to move towards achieving levels of air quality that do not give rise to significant negative impacts on and risks to human health and the environment, this Directive establishes the emission reduction commitments for the Member States' anthropogenic atmospheric emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), ammonia (NH3) and fine particulate matter (PM2,5) and requires that national air pollution control programmes be drawn up, adopted and implemented and that emissions of those pollutants and the other pollutants referred to in Annex I, as well as their impacts, be monitored and reported.
doseganju ciljev glede kakovosti zraka, določenih v zakonodaji Unije, in približevanju dolgoročnemu cilju Unije, da bi dosegli ravni kakovosti zraka v skladu s smernicami za kakovost zraka, ki jih je objavila Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija;
This Directive also contributes to achieving:
doseganju ciljev Unije na področju zaščite biotske raznovrstnosti in ekosistemov v skladu s sedmim okoljskim akcijskim programom;
the air quality objectives set out in Union legislation and progress towards the Union's long-term objective of achieving levels of air quality in line with the air quality guidelines published by the World Health Organisation;
večji sinergiji med politiko Unije za kakovost zraka in drugimi ustreznimi politikami Unije, zlasti podnebno in energetsko politiko.
the Union's biodiversity and ecosystem objectives in line with the 7th Environment Action Programme;
Člen 2
enhanced synergies between the Union's air quality policy and other relevant Union policies, in particular climate and energy policies.
Področje uporabe
Article 2
Ta direktiva se uporablja za emisije onesnaževal iz Priloge I iz vseh virov na ozemlju držav članic, v njihovih izključnih ekonomskih conah in conah nadzora nad onesnaževanjem.
Scope
Ta direktiva ne zajema emisij na Kanarskih otokih, v francoskih čezmorskih departmajih, na Madeiri in Azorih.
This Directive shall apply to emissions of the pollutants referred to in Annex I from all sources occurring in the territory of the Member States, their exclusive economic zones and pollution control zones.
Člen 3
This Directive does not cover emissions in the Canary Islands, the French overseas departments, Madeira, and the Azores.
Opredelitev pojmov
Definitions
„emisija“ pomeni izpust snovi iz točkovnega ali razpršenega vira v zrak;
For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions apply:
„antropogene emisije“ pomenijo emisije onesnaževal v zrak, povezane s človekovimi dejavnostmi;
‘emission’ means the release of a substance from a point or diffuse source into the atmosphere;
„predhodniki ozona“ pomenijo dušikove okside, nemetanske hlapne organske spojine, metan in ogljikov monoksid;
‘anthropogenic emissions’ means atmospheric emissions of pollutants associated with human activities;
„cilji glede kakovosti zraka“ pomenijo obveznosti glede mejnih vrednosti, ciljnih vrednosti in stopnje izpostavljenosti za kakovost zraka iz Direktive 2008/50/ES in Direktive 2004/107/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [12];
‘ozone precursors’ means nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds, methane, and carbon monoxide;
„žveplov dioksid“ ali „SO2“ pomeni vse žveplove spojine, izražene kot žveplov dioksid, vključno z žveplovim trioksidom (SO3), žveplovo kislino (H2SO4) in reduciranimi žveplovimi spojinami, kot so vodikov sulfid (H2S), merkaptani in dimetil sulfidi;
‘air quality objectives’ means the limit values, target values and exposure concentration obligations for air quality set out in Directive 2008/50/EC and Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [12];
„dušikovi oksidi“ ali „NOx“ pomeni dušikov oksid in dušikov dioksid, izražena kot dušikov dioksid;
‘sulphur dioxide’ or ‘SO2’ means all sulphur compounds expressed as sulphur dioxide, including sulphur trioxide (SO3), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), and reduced sulphur compounds such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), mercaptans and dimethyl sulphides;
„nemetanske hlapne organske spojine“ ali „NMVOC“ pomenijo vse organske spojine razen metana, ki lahko pri reakciji z dušikovimi oksidi in ob prisotnosti sončne svetlobe proizvedejo fotokemične oksidante;
‘nitrogen oxides’ or ‘NOx’ means nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide, expressed as nitrogen dioxide;
„drobni delci“ ali „PM2,5“ pomeni delce z aerodinamičnim premerom 2,5 mikrometra (μm) ali manj;
‘non-methane volatile organic compounds’ or ‘NMVOC’ means all organic compounds other than methane, that are capable of producing photochemical oxidants by reaction with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight;
„črni ogljik“ ali „BC“ pomeni delce, ki vsebujejo ogljik in absorbirajo svetlobo;
‘fine particulate matter’ or ‘PM2,5’ means particles with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 2,5 micrometres (μm);
„nacionalna obveznost zmanjšanja emisij“ pomeni obveznost držav članic glede zmanjšanja emisij snovi; določa zmanjšanje emisij, ki mora biti najmanj doseženo v ciljnem koledarskem letu, izraženo kot odstotek skupnih emisij, izpuščenih v izhodiščnem letu (2005);
‘black carbon’ or ‘BC’ means carbonaceous particulate matter that absorbs light;
„ciklus vzletanja in pristajanja“ pomeni ciklus, ki vključuje vožnjo po tleh pri priletu in vzletu, vzlet, vzpon, prilet, pristajanje in vse druge vrste obratovanja zračnega plovila do višine 3000 čevljev;
‘national emission reduction commitment’ means the Member States' obligation in the reduction of emissions of a substance; it specifies the emission reduction that as a minimum has to be delivered in the target calendar year, as a percentage of the total of emissions released during the base year (2005);
„mednarodni pomorski promet“ pomeni prevoze po morju in obalnih vodah z vodnimi plovili vseh zastav, razen ribiških plovil, ki odrinejo z ozemlja ene države in priplujejo na ozemlje druge države;
‘landing and take-off cycle’ means the cycle that includes taxi in and out, take-off, climb out, approach, landing and all other aircraft activities that take place below the altitude of 3000 feet;
„cona nadzora nad onesnaževanjem“ pomeni morsko območje, ki ne presega 200 morskih milj od temeljnih črt, od katerih se meri širina teritorialnega morja posameznih držav, in ki ga določi država članica za preprečevanje, zmanjšanje ali nadziranje onesnaževanja z ladij v skladu z veljavnimi mednarodnimi predpisi in standardi;
‘international maritime traffic’ means journeys at sea and in coastal waters by water-borne vessels of all flags, except fishing vessels, that depart from the territory of one country and arrive in the territory of another country;
„zakonodaja Unije za nadzor nad onesnaževanjem zraka pri virih“ pomeni zakonodajo Unije, katere cilj je zmanjšati emisije onesnaževal zraka iz te direktive, in sicer s sprejetjem ukrepov za ublažitev pri viru.
‘pollution control zone’ means a sea area not exceeding 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured, established by a Member State for the prevention, reduction and control of pollution from vessels in accordance with applicable international rules and standards;
Člen 4
‘Union source-based air pollution control legislation’ means Union legislation which aims at reducing the emissions of air pollutants covered by this Directive by undertaking mitigation measures at the source.
Nacionalne obveznosti zmanjšanja emisij
Article 4
Države članice omejijo vsaj svoje letne antropogene emisije žveplovega dioksida, dušikovih oksidov, nemetanskih hlapnih organskih spojin, amoniaka in drobnih delcev v skladu z nacionalnimi obveznostmi zmanjšanja emisij, ki se uporabljajo od leta 2020 do leta 2029 in od leta 2030 naprej, kot je določeno v Prilogi II.
National emission reduction commitments
Države članice brez poseganja v odstavek 1 sprejmejo potrebne ukrepe za omejitev svojih antropogenih emisij žveplovega dioksida, dušikovih oksidov, nemetanskih hlapnih organskih spojin, amoniaka in drobnih delcev za leto 2025.
Member States shall, as a minimum, limit their annual anthropogenic emissions of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds, ammonia and fine particulate matter in accordance with the national emission reduction commitments applicable from 2020 to 2029 and from 2030 onwards, as laid down in Annex II.
Okvirne ravni navedenih emisij se določijo glede na linearno krivuljo zmanjševanja, določeno v zvezi z ravnmi emisij, ki so določene v obveznostih zmanjšanja emisij za leto 2020, in ravnmi emisij, ki so določene v obveznostih zmanjšanja emisij za leto 2030.
Without prejudice to paragraph 1, Member States shall take the necessary measures aimed at limiting their 2025 anthropogenic emissions of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds, ammonia and fine particulate matter.
Kadar emisij za leto 2025 ni mogoče omejiti v skladu z določeno krivuljo zmanjševanja, države članice v nadaljnjih informativnih poročilih o evidencah, ki jih predložijo Komisiji v skladu s členom 10(2), pojasnijo razloge za ta odklon in ukrepe, s katerimi se bodo države članice spet približale omejevanju emisij v skladu z njihovo krivuljo zmanjševanja.
Member States may follow a non-linear reduction trajectory if this is economically or technically more efficient, and provided that as from 2025 it converges progressively on the linear reduction trajectory and that it does not affect any emission reduction commitment for 2030.
emisije zrakoplovov zunaj ciklusa vzletanja in pristajanja;