natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Such equipment or systems of equipment may include, for example:
Ta nadzor obratov in opreme za ločevanje izotopov ‚drugih elementov‘ je dopolnilo nadzora obratov in opreme, ki so posebej konstruirani ali izdelani za obdelavo, uporabo ali proizvodnjo posebnega cepljivega materiala, vključenega v osnovni seznam.
fully automatic pellet inspection stations especially designed or prepared for checking final dimensions and surface defects of the fuel pellets;
Ta dopolnilni nadzor iz oddelka 5 za uporabo v zvezi z ‚drugimi elementi‘ pa ne velja za proces elektromagnetnega ločevanja izotopov, ki je obravnavan v delu 2 Smernic.
automatic welding machines especially designed or prepared for welding end caps onto the fuel pins (or rods);
Procesi, za katere prav tako velja nadzor iz oddelka 5 ne glede na to, ali je predvidena uporaba ločevanje izotopov urana ali ločevanje izotopov ‚drugih elementov‘, so: plinsko centrifugiranje, plinska difuzija, proces ločevanja s plazmo in aerodinamični procesi.
automatic test and inspection stations especially designed or prepared for checking the integrity of completed fuel pins (or rods);
Pri nekaterih procesih je razmerje do ločevanja izotopov urana odvisno od elementa, ki je predmet ločevanja.
systems especially designed or prepared to manufacture nuclear fuel cladding.
Ti procesi so: na laserski tehnologiji temelječi procesi (npr. lasersko ločevanje izotopov v molekularni pari in lasersko ločevanje izotopov v atomski pari), kemična izmenjava in ionska izmenjava.
Item 3 typically includes equipment for: a) x-ray examination of pin (or rod) end cap welds, b) helium leak detection from pressurized pins (or rods), and c) gamma-ray scanning of the pins (or rods) to check for correct loading of the fuel pellets inside.
Dobaviteljice morajo torej te procese oceniti od primera do primera, da se nadzor iz oddelka 5 ustrezno izvaja za uporabo v zvezi z ‚drugimi elementi‘.
Plants for the separation of isotopes of natural uranium, depleted uranium or special fissionable material and equipment, other than analytical instruments, especially designed or prepared therefor
Deli opreme, za katere se šteje, da so zajeti v besedni zvezi ‚oprema, razen analitičnih instrumentov, posebej konstruirana ali izdelana‘ za ločevanje izotopov urana, vključujejo naslednje:
Plants, equipment and technology for the separation of uranium isotopes have, in many instances, a close relationship to plants, equipment and technology for isotope separation of “other elements”.
Plinske centrifuge ter sklopi in sestavni deli, ki so posebej konstruirani ali izdelani za uporabo v plinskih centrifugah
In particular cases, the controls under Section 5 also apply to plants and equipment that are intended for isotope separation of “other elements”.
Plinska centrifuga je običajno sestavljena iz enega ali več tankostenskih valjev s premerom od 75 mm do 650 mm, ki so v vakuumu in se vrtijo z visoko obodno hitrostjo razreda velikosti 300 m/s ali več, pri čemer je njihova osrednja os navpična.
These controls of plants and equipment for isotope separation of “other elements” are complementary to controls on plants and equipment especially designed or prepared for the processing, use or production of special fissionable material covered by the Trigger List.
Za dosego visoke hitrosti morajo imeti konstrukcijski materiali vrtljivih sestavnih delov visoko razmerje med trdnostjo in gostoto; sklop rotorja in torej tudi njegovi posamezni sestavni deli pa morajo biti izdelani z izredno majhnimi dopustnimi odstopanji, da se zmanjša neuravnoteženost na najmanjšo možno mero.
These complementary Section 5 controls for uses involving “other elements” do not apply to the electromagnetic isotope separation process, which is addressed under Part 2 of the Guidelines.
V primerjavi z drugimi centrifugami je za plinsko centrifugo za obogatitev urana značilno, da ima znotraj rotorske komore eno ali več vrtljivih loput diskaste oblike in mirujoč cevni sestav za dovajanje in odvajanje plinastega UF6, ki ga sestavljajo vsaj trije ločeni kanali, od katerih sta dva priključena na lopatice, ki potekajo od osi rotorja proti obodu rotorske komore.
Processes for which the controls in Section 5 equally apply whether the intended use is uranium isotope separation or isotope separation of “other elements” are: gas centrifuge, gaseous diffusion, the plasma separation process, and aerodynamic processes.
V vakuumu je tudi več kritičnih elementov, ki se ne vrtijo in ki jih, čeprav so posebej konstruirani, ni težko izdelati niti niso izdelani iz posebnega materiala.
For some processes, the relationship to uranium isotope separation depends on the element being separated.
Vendar pa je za centrifugo potrebno večje število teh sestavnih delov, tako da so lahko te količine pomemben podatek o končni uporabi.
These processes are: laser-based processes (e.g. molecular laser isotope separation and atomic vapour laser isotope separation), chemical exchange, and ion exchange.
Vrtljivi sestavni deli
Suppliers must therefore evaluate these processes on a case-by-case basis to apply Section 5 controls for uses involving “other elements” accordingly.
Celoviti sklopi rotorjev:
Items of equipment that are considered to fall within the meaning of the phrase “equipment, other than analytical instruments, especially designed or prepared” for the separation of isotopes of uranium include:
tankostenski valji ali večje število med seboj povezanih tankostenskih valjev, ki so izdelani iz enega ali več materialov z visokim razmerjem med trdnostjo in gostoto, opisanih v POJASNJEVALNI OPOMBI k temu oddelku.
Gas centrifuges and assemblies and components especially designed or prepared for use in gas centrifuges
Če so valji povezani, so spojeni z gibkimi spojkami ali obroči, ki so opisani v oddelku 5.1.1(c) v nadaljevanju.
The gas centrifuge normally consists of a thin-walled cylinder(s) of between 75 mm and 650 mm diameter contained in a vacuum environment and spun at high peripheral speed of the order of 300 m/s or more with its central axis vertical.
Rotor v končni obliki je opremljen z eno ali več notranjimi loputami in končniki, ki so opisani v oddelku 5.1.1(d) in (e) v nadaljevanju.
In order to achieve high speed the materials of construction for the rotating components have to be of a high strength to density ratio and the rotor assembly, and hence its individual components, have to be manufactured to very close tolerances in order to minimize the unbalance.
Vendar pa je navedeno opremo mogoče dobaviti tudi delno sestavljeno.
In contrast to other centrifuges, the gas centrifuge for uranium enrichment is characterized by having within the rotor chamber a rotating disc-shaped baffle(s) and a stationary tube arrangement for feeding and extracting the UF6 gas and featuring at least three separate channels, of which two are connected to scoops extending from the rotor axis towards the periphery of the rotor chamber.
Cevi za rotorje:
Also contained within the vacuum environment are a number of critical items which do not rotate and which although they are especially designed are not difficult to fabricate nor are they fabricated out of unique materials.
posebej konstruirani ali izdelani tankostenski valji debeline največ 12 mm, s premerom od 75 mm do 650 mm, ki so izdelani iz enega ali več materialov z visokim razmerjem med trdnostjo in gostoto, opisanih v POJASNJEVALNI OPOMBI k temu oddelku.
A centrifuge facility however requires a large number of these components, so that quantities can provide an important indication of end use.
Obroči ali spojke:
Rotating components
sestavni deli, ki so posebej konstruirani ali izdelani za lokalno podporo rotorskih cevi ali za povezavo več rotorskih cevi.
Complete rotor assemblies:
Spojke so kratki valji s prirobnico, z debelino sten do 3 mm in s premerom od 75 mm do 650 mm, izdelane iz materiala z visokim razmerjem med trdnostjo in gostoto, opisanega v POJASNJEVALNI OPOMBI k temu oddelku.
Thin-walled cylinders, or a number of interconnected thin-walled cylinders, manufactured from one or more of the high strength to density ratio materials described in the EXPLANATORY NOTE to this Section.
Lopute:
If interconnected, the cylinders are joined together by flexible bellows or rings as described in section 5.1.1.(c) following.
posebej konstruirani ali izdelani diskasto oblikovani sestavni deli s premerom od 75 mm do 650 mm, ki se vgradijo v notranjost rotorskih cevi centrifuge, da ločujejo odvodno komoro od glavne ločevalne komore ter v nekaterih primerih pomagajo pri kroženju plinastega UF6 v glavni ločevalni komori rotorske cevi; izdelani so iz materiala z visokim razmerjem med trdnostjo in gostoto, opisanega v POJASNJEVALNI OPOMBI k temu oddelku.
The rotor is fitted with an internal baffle(s) and end caps, as described in section 5.1.1.(d) and (e) following, if in final form.
Končniki:
However the complete assembly may be delivered only partly assembled.
posebej konstruirani ali izdelani diskasto oblikovani sestavni deli s premerom od 75 mm do 650 mm, ki tesnijo oba konca rotorskih cevi in tako zapirajo plinasti UF6 v rotorsko cev; v nekaterih primerih so izdelani tako, da obenem podpirajo rotorsko cev ali so sestavni del zgornjega ležaja ali pa nosijo vrteče se elemente motorja in spodnjega ležaja (končnika); izdelani so iz materiala z visokim razmerjem med trdnostjo in gostoto, opisanega v POJASNJEVALNI OPOMBI k temu oddelku.
Rotor tubes:
Materiali, ki se uporabljajo za izdelavo vrtečih se sestavnih delov, so:
Especially designed or prepared thin-walled cylinders with thickness of 12 mm or less, a diameter of between 75 mm and 650 mm, and manufactured from one or more of the high strength to density ratio materials described in the EXPLANATORY NOTE to this Section.
maraging jeklo z mejno natezno trdnostjo najmanj 1,95 GPa ali več;
Rings or Bellows:
aluminijeve zlitine z mejno natezno trdnostjo najmanj 0,46 GPa ali več;
Components especially designed or prepared to give localized support to the rotor tube or to join together a number of rotor tubes.
vlaknasti materiali, primerni za uporabo v kompozitnih strukturah s specifičnim modulom najmanj 3,18 × 106 m in s specifično natezno trdnostjo najmanj 7,62 × 104 m (‚specifični modul‘ je razmerje med Youngovim modulom v N/m2 in specifično težo v N/m3; ‚specifična natezna trdnost‘ je razmerje med natezno trdnostjo v N/m2 in specifično težo v N/m3).
The bellows is a short cylinder of wall thickness 3 mm or less, a diameter of between 75 mm and 650 mm, having a convolute, and manufactured from one of the high strength to density ratio materials described in the EXPLANATORY NOTE to this Section.
Statični sestavni deli
Baffles:
Magnetni viseči ležaji:
Disc-shaped components of between 75 mm and 650 mm diameter especially designed or prepared to be mounted inside the centrifuge rotor tube, in order to isolate the take-off chamber from the main separation chamber and, in some cases, to assist the UF6 gas circulation within the main separation chamber of the rotor tube, and manufactured from one of the high strength to density ratio materials described in the EXPLANATORY NOTE to this Section.
posebej konstruirani ali izdelani sklopi ležajev iz obročastega magneta, ki visi v ohišju z dušilnim sredstvom.
Top caps/Bottom caps:
Ohišje je izdelano iz materiala, ki je odporen proti koroziji z UF6 (glej POJASNJEVALNO OPOMBO k oddelku 5.2.).
Disc-shaped components of between 75 mm and 650 mm diameter especially designed or prepared to fit to the ends of the rotor tube, and so contain the UF6 within the rotor tube, and in some cases to support, retain or contain as an integrated part an element of the upper bearing (top cap) or to carry the rotating elements of the motor and lower bearing (bottom cap), and manufactured from one of the high strength to density ratio materials described in the EXPLANATORY NOTE to this Section.
Magnet je spojen z osjo ali drugim magnetom, pritrjenim na zgornji končnik rotorske cevi, opisan v oddelku 5.1.1(e).
The materials used for centrifuge rotating components include the following:
Magnet je lahko obročaste oblike z razmerjem med zunanjim in notranjim premerom, manjšim ali enakim 1,6:1.
Maraging steel capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 1.95 GPa or more;
Magnet ima lahko začetno permeabilnost 0,15 H/m ali več ali remanenco najmanj 98,5 % ali magnetno jakost večjo od 80 kJ/m3.
Aluminium alloys capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 0.46 GPa or more;
Poleg običajnih lastnosti materiala je pogoj, da odklon med magnetno in geometrijsko osjo ne presega izredno majhnih dopustnih odstopanj (manjših od 0,1 mm) ali da homogenost snovi magneta ustreza posebnim zahtevam.
Filamentary materials suitable for use in composite structures and having a specific modulus of 3.18 × 106 m or greater and a specific ultimate tensile strength of 7.62 × 104 m or greater (“Specific Modulus” is the Young's Modulus in N/m2 divided by the specific weight in N/m3; “Specific Ultimate Tensile Strength” is the ultimate tensile strength in N/m2 divided by the specific weight in N/m3).
Aktivni magnetni ležaji, ki so posebej izdelani ali pripravljeni za uporabo s plinskimi centrifugami.
Static components
Ti ležaji imajo običajno naslednje značilnosti:
Magnetic suspension bearings:
konstruirani so tako, da ohranijo rotor, ki se vrti s frekvenco najmanj 600 Hz, centriran, in
Especially designed or prepared bearing assemblies consisting of an annular magnet suspended within a housing containing a damping medium.
imajo zanesljiv in/ali neprekinjen vir električne energije, da lahko funkcionirajo več kot eno uro.
The housing will be manufactured from a UF6 -resistant material (see EXPLANATORY NOTE to Section 5.2.).
Ležaji/blažilniki:
The magnet couples with a pole piece or a second magnet fitted to the top cap described in Section 5.1.1.(e).
posebej konstruirani ali izdelani skodeličasti ležaji, ki so pritrjeni na blažilnik.
The magnet may be ring-shaped with a relation between outer and inner diameter smaller or equal to 1.6:1.
Polkroglasto konstruiran tečaj gredi ležaja je običajno izdelan iz kaljenega jekla in je pritrjen na spodnji končnik rotorske cevi, opisan v oddelku 5.1.1(e).
The magnet may be in a form having an initial permeability of 0.15 H/m or more, or a remanence of 98.5 % or more, or an energy product of greater than 80 kJ/m3.
Gred je lahko uležajena s hidrodinamičnim ležajem.
In addition to the usual material properties, it is a prerequisite that the deviation of the magnetic axes from the geometrical axes is limited to very small tolerances (lower than 0.1 mm) or that homogeneity of the material of the magnet is specially called for.
Skodelica ležaja ima obliko okrogle ploščice s polkroglasto vdolbino na eni strani.
Active magnetic bearings especially designed or prepared for use with gas centrifuges.
Ti sestavni deli so pogosto dobavljeni ločeno od blažilnikov.
These bearings usually have the following characteristics:
Molekularne črpalke:
Designed to keep centred a rotor spinning at 600 Hz or more, and
posebej konstruirani ali izdelani valji z notranje strojno obdelanimi ali izvrtanimi spiralnimi utori in notranje strojno obdelanimi izvrtinami.
Associated to a reliable electrical power supply and/or to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) unit in order to function for more than one hour.
Tipične dimenzije valja so:
Bearings/Dampers:
notranji premer 75 mm do 650 mm, debelina sten najmanj 10 mm, dolžina je enaka premeru valja ali večja.
Especially designed or prepared bearings comprising a pivot/cup assembly mounted on a damper.
Utori tipično pravokotnega preseka so globoki najmanj 2 mm.
The pivot is normally a hardened steel shaft with a hemisphere at one end with a means of attachment to the bottom cap described in section 5.1.1.(e) at the other.
Statorji motorjev:
The shaft may however have a hydrodynamic bearing attached.
posebej konstruirani ali izdelani obročasti statorji za večfazne AC histerezne (ali magnetno uporovne) sinhronske motorje z veliko hitrostjo za delovanje v vakuumu pri frekvenci najmanj 600 Hz in z močjo najmanj 40 VA.
The cup is pellet-shaped with a hemispherical indentation in one surface.
Statorje lahko sestavlja večfazno navitje okoli laminiranega železnega jedra z majhnimi izgubami z debelino lamel do 2,0 mm.
These components are often supplied separately to the damper.
Ohišja in sprejemni deli centrifug:
Molecular pumps:
sestavni deli, ki so posebej konstruirani ali izdelani za vgradnjo cevi rotorjev plinskih centrifug.
Especially designed or prepared cylinders having internally machined or extruded helical grooves and internally machined bores.
Ohišje sestavlja tog valj z debelino stene do 30 mm in z zelo natančno obdelanima koncema, za vgradnjo ležajev z eno ali več prirobnicami.
Typical dimensions are as follows:
Obdelana konca ohišja sta medsebojno vzporedna in pravokotna na vzdolžno os valja, dovoljeno odstopanje pa ne sme presegati 0,05 stopinj.
75 mm to 650 mm internal diameter, 10 mm or more wall thickness, with the length equal to or greater than the diameter.
Ohišje ima lahko tudi obliko satovja, v katero se lahko vgradi več rotorskih sklopov.
The grooves are typically rectangular in cross-section and 2 mm or more in depth.
Odvodne cevi:
Motor stators:
posebej konstruirane ali izdelane cevi za odvajanje plina UF6 iz rotorske cevi po principu Pitotove cevi (to je z odprtino, usmerjeno proti krožečemu plinu v rotorski cevi, na primer z upognitvijo konca radialno usmerjene cevi), ki jih je možno pritrditi na centralni sistem za odvajanje plina.
Especially designed or prepared ring-shaped stators for high speed multiphase AC hysteresis (or reluctance) motors for synchronous operation within a vacuum at a frequency of 600 Hz or greater and a power of 40 VA or greater.
Posebej konstruirani ali izdelani pomožni sistemi, oprema in sestavni deli za obrate za izotopsko obogatitev s plinskimi centrifugami
The stators may consist of multi-phase windings on a laminated low loss iron core comprised of thin layers typically 2.0 mm thick or less.
Pomožni sistemi, oprema in sestavni deli za obrat za izotopsko obogatitev s plinskimi centrifugami so sistemi za dovajanje UF6 centrifugam, za medsebojno povezovanje posameznih centrifug, tako da tvorijo kaskade (ali stopnje) in s tem omogočajo postopno vse višje stopnje obogatitve, in za odvajanje obogatenega in osiromašenega UF6 iz centrifug, skupaj z opremo za pogon centrifug ali za krmiljenje obrata.
Centrifuge housing/recipients:
Običajno se UF6 uparja iz trdnega agregatnega stanja z uporabo segretih avtoklavov in se dovaja v plinasti obliki centrifugam po kaskadnem razdelilnem cevovodu.
Components especially designed or prepared to contain the rotor tube assembly of a gas centrifuge.
Oprema, sestavni deli in cevni sistemi se izdelujejo po zelo visokih merilih glede vakuuma in čistoče.
The housing consists of a rigid cylinder of wall thickness up to 30 mm with precision machined ends to locate the bearings and with one or more flanges for mounting.
Materiali, odporni proti koroziji z UF6, vključujejo baker, bakrove zlitine, nerjavno jeklo, aluminij, aluminijev oksid, aluminijeve zlitine, nikelj ali zlitine, ki vsebujejo 60 % niklja ali več in fluorirane ogljikovodikove polimere.
The machined ends are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the cylinder's longitudinal axis to within 0.05 degrees or less.
Napajalni sistemi/sistemi za odvajanje obogatenega in osiromašenega UF6
The housing may also be a honeycomb type structure to accommodate several rotor assemblies.
Posebej konstruirani ali izdelani procesni sistemi ali oprema za obrate za obogatitev, izdelani iz materiala, ki je odporen proti koroziji z UF6, ali zaščiteni z njim, ki obsegajo:
Scoops:
napajalne avtoklave, peči ali sisteme za napajanje procesa obogatitve z UF6;
Especially designed or prepared auxiliary systems, equipment and components for gas centrifuge enrichment plants
postaje za pretvorbo v trdno stanje ali utekočinjenje za odstranjevanje UF6 iz procesa obogatitve s stiskanjem in pretvorbo v tekoče ali trdno agregatno stanje;
Normally UF6 is evaporated from the solid using heated autoclaves and is distributed in gaseous form to the centrifuges by way of cascade header pipework.
Razdelilni cevni sistemi
The “product” and “tails” UF6 gaseous streams flowing from the centrifuges are also passed by way of cascade header pipework to cold traps (operating at about 203 K (– 70 °C)) where they are condensed prior to onward transfer into suitable containers for transportation or storage.
Posebej konstruirani ali izdelani cevni sistemi in razdelilni cevni sistemi za usmerjanje pretoka UF6 v kaskadah centrifug.
Because an enrichment plant consists of many thousands of centrifuges arranged in cascades there are many kilometers of cascade header pipework, incorporating thousands of welds with a substantial amount of repetition of layout.
Omrežje cevi v kaskadah centrifug je običajno sestavljeno iz trojnega razdelilnika, pri čemer je vsaka centrifuga priključena na vsak razdelilnik.
The equipment, components and piping systems are fabricated to very high vacuum and cleanliness standards.
Gre torej za večkratno ponavljanje oblike.
EXPLANATORY NOTE Some of the items listed below either come into direct contact with the UF6 process gas or directly control the centrifuges and the passage of the gas from centrifuge to centrifuge and cascade to cascade.
Razdelilni cevni sistemi so v celoti narejeni iz materiala, odpornega proti UF6 (glej POJASNJEVALNO OPOMBO k temu oddelku), ali so s tem materialom zaščiteni in so izdelani po zelo visokih standardih glede vakuuma ali čistoče.
Materials resistant to corrosion by UF6 include copper, copper alloys, stainless steel, aluminium, aluminium oxide, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloys containing 60 % or more nickel and fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers.
Posebni zaporni in regulacijski ventili
Feed systems/product and tails withdrawal systems
Zaporni ventili, ki so posebej izdelani ali pripravljeni za reguliranje plinastega pretoka dovajalnega, obogatenega ali osiromašenega UF6 posamezne plinske centrifuge.
Especially designed or prepared process systems or equipment for enrichment plants made of or protected by materials resistant to corrosion by UF6, including:
Ročni ali avtomatski zaporni ali regulacijski ventili, ki imajo meh kot tesnilo, so narejeni iz materialov, odpornih proti koroziji z UF6, ali so zaščiteni z njimi, imajo notranji premer od 10 do 160 mm, izdelani ali pripravljeni pa so posebej za uporabo v glavnih ali pomožnih sistemih obratov za obogatitev s plinskimi centrifugami.
Feed autoclaves, ovens, or systems used for passing UF6 to the enrichment process;
Tipični posebej konstruirani ali izdelani ventili vključujejo ventile, ki imajo meh kot tesnilo, ventile tipa za hitro zapiranje, ventile za hitro reguliranje in druge vrste ventilov.
Desublimers, cold traps or pumps used to remove UF6 from the enrichment process for subsequent transfer upon heating;
masni spektrometri/ionski izvori
Solidification or liquefaction stations used to remove UF6 from the enrichment process by compressing and converting UF6 to a liquid or solid form;
Posebej konstruirani ali izdelani masni spektrometri za ‚neposredno‘ vzorčenje iz pretoka plinastega UF6, ki imajo vse naslednje:
“Product” or “tails” stations used for transferring UF6 into containers.
zmožni so merjenja ionov z atomsko maso 320 ali več in imajo razločljivost, ki je boljša od 1 dela v 320;
Machine header piping systems
ionske izvore, izdelane iz niklja, zlitin niklja in bakra z najmanj 60 ut. % niklja ali zlitin niklja in kroma, ali zaščiteni z njimi;
Especially designed or prepared piping systems and header systems for handling UF6 within the centrifuge cascades.
ionizacijske izvore na principu elektronskega obstreljevanja
The piping network is normally of the “triple” header system with each centrifuge connected to each of the headers.
zbiralni sistem, ki je primeren za izotopske analize.
There is thus a substantial amount of repetition in its form.
Frekvenčni pretvorniki