natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (hereinafter ‘OECD’) provides guidance on taxation for its member countries.
Pri metodi CUP se primerja cena, zaračunana za prenos blaga ali storitev v okviru povezane transakcije (transakcije med podjetjema, ki sta medsebojno povezani), s ceno, zaračunano za prenos blaga ali storitev v okviru primerljive transakcije na prostem trgu (transakcije med podjetjema, ki sta neodvisni eno od drugega) v primerljivih okoliščinah.
The OECD's guidance on transfer pricing can be found in its Transfer Pricing Guidelines (hereinafter the ‘OECD TP Guidelines’), which is a non-binding legal instrument providing guidance on transfer prices [45].
Metoda MTMN je ena od „posrednih metod“, ki se uporabljajo za določitev približka primerljivih tržnih cen za transakcije in razdelitve dobička med družbami v isti skupini.
Transfer prices refer to prices charged for commercial transactions between various parts of the same corporate group.
Pri tej metodi se na podlagi neodvisnega tržnega načela oceni potencialni znesek dobička za dejavnost v celoti namesto za določene transakcije.
Multinational companies have a financial incentive to allocate as little profit as possible to jurisdictions where those profits are subject to higher taxation.
Njen cilj ni določiti ceno prodanega blaga, temveč oceniti dobiček, ki bi ga neodvisne družbe lahko po pričakovanjih ustvarile z določeno dejavnostjo, na primer z dejavnostjo prodaje blaga.
This could lead to exaggerated transfer prices which should not be accepted as a basis for calculating taxable income.
V ta namen izbere ustrezno podlago („kazalnik dobičkonosnosti“), kot so stroški, promet ali naložbe v osnovna sredstva, in zanjo uporabi stopnjo dobička, ki izraža stopnjo, ugotovljeno za primerljive transakcije na prostem trgu.
To avoid this problem, tax administrations should only accept transfer prices between intra-group companies that are remunerated as if they were agreed to by independent companies negotiating under comparable circumstances at arm's length [46].
Ker se z metodo MTMN ne določajo cene za posamične transakcije, je možno, da obdavčljivi dohodek subjekta, za katerega se metoda uporabi, nima neposrednih posledic za obdavčljivi dohodek drugega subjekta iz iste skupine družb.
This is known as the ‘arm's length principle’.
Zato se ta metoda razlikuje od uporabe metode CUP, ki transferno ceno določi kot ceno določenega blaga ali storitve, ki se nato v enakem znesku vključi v obdavčljivi dohodek družbe iz skupine, ki prodaja, in družbe iz skupine, ki kupuje zadevno blago ali storitev.
The authoritative statement of the arm's length principle is found in paragraph 1 of Article 9 of the OECD Model Tax Convention, which forms the basis of bilateral tax treaties involving OECD member countries and an increasing number of non-member countries.
Dodatne informacije, poslane po začetku formalnega postopka preiskave
Article 9 provides: ‘[Where] conditions are made or imposed between the two [associated] enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly.’
Dopis Luksemburga z dne 3. septembra 2014
On 27 June 1995, the OECD's Committee on Fiscal Affairs adopted transfer pricing guidelines in their original version [47], which were substantially updated in July 2010 [48].
Luksemburg je v odgovor na vprašanja iz sklepa o začetku postopka Komisijo obvestil, da višina posojil, odobrenih znotraj skupine Fiat, ni bila omejena navzgor.
Given their non-binding nature, the tax administrations of the OECD member countries are simply encouraged to follow the Guidelines.
Luksemburg je predložil tudi pojasnila o povprečnih cenah danih in najetih posojil znotraj skupine v letih od 2011 do 2013.
However, in general, the OECD TP Guidelines serve as a focal point and exert a clear influence on the tax practices of OECD member (and even non-member) countries.
Obrestna mera za posojila znotraj skupine, ki jih je odobrila družba FFT, je […].
Moreover, in numerous OECD member countries those guidelines have been given the force of law or serve as a reference for the purpose of interpreting domestic tax law.
Konec leta 2011 je ustrezala obrestni meri Euribor, povišani za maržo [6–9 %].
To the extent the Commission cites the OECD TP Guidelines in the present Decision, it does so because those guidelines are an existing manual in the area of transfer pricing that are the result of expert discussions in the context of the OECD and elaborate on techniques aimed to address common challenges of the application of the arm's length principle to concrete situations.
Luksemburg je izrazil tudi mnenje o plačilu za kapital, ki ga dovoljuje sporno davčno stališče.
The OECD TP Guidelines therefore provide useful guidance to tax administrations and multinational enterprises on the application of the arm's length principle.
Navedel je zlasti, da je bil kapital, vložen v deleže, poplačan z razdeljenimi dividendami in da te po naravi niso predmet analize transfernih cen, saj jih družba prejme samo zato, ker je delničarka.
The OECD TP Guidelines provide five methods to approximate an arm's length pricing of transactions and profit allocation between companies of the same corporate group: (i) the comparable uncontrolled price method (hereinafter ‘CUP’); (ii) the cost plus method; (iii) the resale minus method; (iv) the TNMM and (v) the transactional profit split method.
Luksemburg je še pojasnil, da se je nakup deležev družbe FFT v celoti financiral z lastnim kapitalom in da ta način financiranja avtomatično pomeni, da ta sredstva niso več na voljo za pokrivanje drugih tveganj, ki jih nosi FFT.
The OECD TP Guidelines draw a distinction between traditional transaction methods (the first three methods) and transactional profit methods (the last two methods).
Skliceval se je tudi na člen 57 Direktive 2006/48/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [49], v skladu s katerim nekonsolidirana lastna sredstva kreditnih institucij ne vključujejo deležev v drugih kreditnih institucijah, ki presegajo 10 % kapitala teh institucij.
Multinational corporations retain the freedom to apply methods not described in those guidelines to establish transfer prices provided those prices satisfy the arm's length principle.
Poleg tega se je Luksemburg skliceval na enostavni pristop, opredeljen z okvirom Basel II, ki določa, da je stopnja, ki jo je treba uporabiti za povprečje treh obdobij pozitivnih letnih bruto dohodkov, 15 %.
The CUP and the TNMM are relevant for the present Decision and, therefore, are described in more detail in recitals 90 to 92.
Dopis Luksemburga z dne 24. marca 2015
The CUP method compares the price charged for the transfer of property or services in a controlled transaction (i.e. a transaction between two enterprises that are associated enterprises with respect to each other) to the price charged for the transfer of property or services in a comparable uncontrolled transaction (i.e. a transaction between enterprises that are independent enterprises with respect to each other), conducted under comparable circumstances.
V odgovor na prošnjo Komisije, naj ji pošlje primere davčnih stališč, naslovljenih na davčne zavezance, ki so v podobnem položaju kot družba FFT, je Luksemburg v dopisu z dne 24. marca 2015 navedel, da je položaj družbe FFT čisto poseben.
The TNMM is one of the ‘indirect methods’ to approximate an arm's length pricing of transactions and profit allocation between companies of the same corporate group.
Po njegovem mnenju je tako, ker je družba FFT finančna institucija, ki sredstva pridobiva na trgu, v nasprotju z večino finančnih institucij v Luksemburgu, ki z maržo posojajo sredstva, ki so jim jih dale na voljo druge družbe v skupini, katere del so.
It approximates what would be an arm's length profit for an entire activity, rather than for identified transactions.
Poleg tega je po mnenju luksemburške davčne uprave položaj vsakega davčnega zavezanca dovolj specifičen, da ga ni mogoče primerjati s položajem drugih davčnih zavezancev.
It does not seek to establish the price of goods sold, but estimates the profits independent companies could be expected to make on an activity, such as the activity of selling goods.
Zato naj bi bila v luksemburškem nacionalnem pravu le ena splošna določba, ki se uporablja kot okvir za transferne cene (to je člen 164 L.I.R.), ki tej upravi omogoča, da čim bolje spozna ekonomski položaj vsakega podjetja, ne glede na to ali je predmet davčnega stališča ali ne.
It does this by taking an appropriate base (‘a profit level indicator’), such as costs, turnover or fixed investment, and applying a profit ratio reflecting that observed in comparable uncontrolled transactions to that base.
Luksemburg je sporočil tudi davčno osnovo družbe FFT za obdobje od leta 2009 do leta 2013 na podlagi davčnih napovedi družbe [50], ki je povzeta v preglednici 7.
Because the TNMM does not set a price for individual transactions, the taxable profit of an entity estimated using the TNMM might not have a direct effect on the taxable profit of another entity of the same corporate group.
Preglednica 7
The method is therefore different to using, for example, the CUP, where transfer pricing establishes the price of a specific good or service which is then recorded in the taxable profit for the same amount by the group company selling and the group company buying the particular good or service.
Davčna osnova družbe FFT za obdobje od leta 2009 do leta 2013
Additional information submitted after the opening of the formal investigation procedure
(v EUR)
Luxembourg's Letter of 3 September 2014
Luksemburg je navedel, da je iz davčne napovedi družbe FFT za leto 2013 razvidno, da so pomisleki iz uvodne izjave 64 sklepa o začetku postopka, v skladu s katerimi je davčna osnova določena v razponu med 2288000 EUR in 2796000 EUR, povsem neutemeljeni.
In response to the questions in the Opening Decision, Luxembourg informed the Commission that credit limits are not applied within the Fiat group.
Jasno je, da sporno davčno stališče dovoljuje samo izbrano metodo in da se tržni parametri spreminjajo.
Luxembourg also provided information regarding the average pricing of FFT's intra-group borrowing and lending for the years 2011 to 2013.
Nazadnje je Luksemburg na prošnjo Komisije posredoval tudi vsa predhodna davčna stališča, ki jih je luksemburška davčna uprava sprejela glede družb iz skupine Fiat.
The interest rate applicable to intra-group loans provided by FFT is […], and was set at Euribor plus [6-9 %] at the end of 2011.
Prvič, prošnja za davčno stališče z dne 9. decembra 2009, ki jo je luksemburška davčna uprava sprejela, se je nanašala na odobritev davčne osnove družbe FFT […].
The average interest rate received on the current account balances with group companies for the years 2012 and 2013 are [6-9 %] and [6-9 %] respectively.
Ta prošnja za davčno stališče je bila Komisiji ponovno in v neokrnjeni različici poslana v dopisu Luksemburga z dne 24. marca 2015, ki je vseboval informacije, ki jih je Luksemburg, ko je to davčno stališče prvič poslal Komisiji, počrnil.
On intra-group deposits, FFT paid on average [0-3 %], [0-3 %] and [0-3 %] in 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively (these figures are average all-in rates).
Drugi, skoraj enak dopis je bil poslan v odgovor na vzporedno prošnjo za davčno stališče, vloženo […] pri luksemburški davčni upravi 18. aprila 2012 za družbo, imenovano [F], za katero se zdi, da ustreza družbi FFT v drugačni strukturi finančnih družb skupine.
Luxembourg additionally expressed views regarding the remuneration of capital agreed in the contested tax ruling.
Druga prošnja za davčno stališče, podprta s poročilom o transfernih cenah, vsebuje zaključek, ki je oblikovan enako kot zaključek v prošnji za davčno stališče družbe FFT [naveden v uvodni izjavi 54].
Dividends are therefore not to be taken into account in the importance of the functions performed and the risks assumed.
Plačilo [družbi F] po tržnem načelu, kot je določeno v poročilu o transfernih cenah, je naslednje: „Študija transfernih cen določa ustrezno plačilo, ki temelji na (i) tveganem kapitalu v znesku 44,6 milijona EUR in (ii) kapitalu za plačilo nalog, ki jih družba opravlja, v znesku 8,8 milijona EUR v razponu +/–10 %.“
Luxembourg further explained that the acquisition of the participations of FFT was financed in its totality through own funds and that this mode of financing automatically means that those funds are no longer available to cover other risks borne by FFT.
Obe davčni stališči sta bili na seznamu, ki ga je Luksemburg 4. junija 2015 posredoval Komisiji v zvezi z davčnimi stališči, ki se nanašajo na naloge zakladništva [glej uvodno izjavo 29].
Luxembourg further referred to the basic indicator approach under the Basel II framework, which provides the figure of 15 % to be applied to the average of three periods of positive annual gross income.
Ti prošnji sta bili iz let 2002 in 2012 ter sta se nanašali na druge vidike strukture skupine Fiat v Luksemburgu.
Luxembourg's Letter of 24 March 2015
Ta sklep ne obravnava teh dveh davčnih stališč.
In response to the request by the Commission to provide examples of rulings addressed to other taxpayers in a similar situation as FFT, Luxembourg indicated in its letter of 24 March 2015 that the FFT's situation is very specific.
Informacije, ki jih je skupina Fiat sporočila 31. marca 2015
The reason for this would be that FFT operates as a financing company raising funds on the market, contrary to most of the financing companies in Luxembourg, which lend on with a margin funds that have been provided to them by other group companies.
Informacije o družbah skupine Fiat, ki imajo neposredno povezavo z družbo FFT
Moreover, according to the Luxembourg tax administration the situation of each taxpayer is sufficiently specific to not make possible any comparison with the situation of other taxpayers.
Skupina Fiat poudarja, da je približno 40-odstotni delež družbe FFT v lasti družbe Fiat S.p.A. in približno 60-odstotni delež v lasti družbe FF, ki je hčerinska družba v 100-odstotni lasti družbe Fiat S.p.A.
That would be the reason why the Luxembourg national law only provides for a general provision to provide a framework for transfer pricing (Article 164 L.I.R.) so as to allow the tax administration to capture in the most precise manner the economic reality of each tax case, be it covered by a ruling or not.
Družba FFT pa ima v lasti 100-odstotna deleža družb FFNA in FFC [52].
Luxembourg also provided the tax base of FFT for the period 2009 to 2013 based on the tax declarations of FFT [50], as reproduced in Table 7.
Skupina Fiat poudarja tudi, da je družba FFT ena od finančnih družb skupine Fiat, ki so naštete v uvodni izjavi 39.
Table 7
Skupina Fiat je Komisiji v skladu z njeno prošnjo poslala podrobne finančne podatke o finančnih družbah skupine.
FFT's tax base for years 2009 to 2013
Posredovala je zlasti letna poročil družb FFT, FF, FFNA, FFC in FFB za leta od 2011 do 2013 ter opise nalog teh družb.
(in EUR)
Po teh podatkih je v družbi FF zaposlenih 52 oseb, od tega [20–30] v „finančni“ službi in [10–20] v „računovodstvu“.
Luxembourg indicated that it is apparent from FFT's 2013 tax declaration that the doubt expressed in recital 64 of the Opening Decision, that the tax base is set to a fixed range from EUR 2288000 to EUR 2796000, is not substantiated.
Družba FFT ima 14 zaposlenih, od tega enega direktorja, [0–10] zaposlenih (v Združenem kraljestvu), ki so v neposrednih stikih s strankami, [0–10] zaposlenih, odgovornih za upravne naloge, in [0–10] oseb, ki skrbijo za računovodstvo in nadzor.
It is clear that the contested tax ruling only agreed to the methodology and that the market parameters vary.
V družbi FFNA je zaposlenih pet oseb, dejavnosti družbe FFC pa so omejene.
Finally, at the request of the Commission, Luxembourg also provided all past rulings of Fiat group companies obtained from the Luxembourg tax administration.
V skladu z informacijami, ki jih je posredovala skupina Fiat, je računovodska vrednost hčerinskih družb družbe FFT (družb FFNA in FFC) […].
First, a ruling request dated 9 December 2009, which was approved by the Luxembourg tax administration, requested an agreement on the tax base of FFT […].
Družbi FF in FFT sta finančni družbi za euroobmočje.
Second, the Luxembourg tax administration issued two letters on 3 September 2012.
Finančni podatki za ti dve družbi za obdobje 2010-2013 na podlagi posredovanih letnih poročil so predstavljeni v preglednicah 8 in 9 [53].
The first is the contested tax ruling, based on a ruling request dated 14 March 2012, as indicated in recital 9.
Preglednica 8
That ruling request was provided to the Commission anew and in full with Luxembourg's letter of 24 March 2015, including information that had been previously redacted by Luxembourg in its initial submission of that ruling to the Commission.
Finančni podatki za družbo FFT za obdobje od leta 2010 do leta 2013
A second almost identical letter, was issued in response to a parallel ruling request submitted […] to the Luxembourg tax administration on 18 April 2012 concerning a company named [F], which seems to correspond to FFT in an alternative structure of the group treasury companies.
Obresti in podobni prihodki
In this alternative structure, the only difference would be that the company would only have a branch in the UK and would not have any branch in Spain, and that [company F] would not own [any subsidiaries].
Drugi prihodki
The second ruling request, supported with a transfer pricing report, contains a conclusion presented in the same manner as the FFT ruling request (reproduced in recital 54).
SKUPAJ PRIHODKI
However, the outcome of the transfer pricing analysis is significantly different.
Operativni stroški in amortizacija
The arm's length remuneration of [company F], as established in the transfer pricing report, is as follows: ‘The transfer pricing study determines an appropriate remuneration on (i) the capital at risk of EUR 44,6 million and (ii) the capital aimed at remunerating the functions performed by the company of EUR 8,8 million on which a range of +/– 10 % is envisaged.’
Odhodki za obresti in drugi finančni odhodki
Both rulings were reported on the list provided by Luxembourg to the Commission on 4 June 2015 of tax rulings covering a treasury function (see recital 29).
Od tega za družbe skupine
Third, two other ruling requests […] approved by the Luxembourg tax administration were also provided to the Commission.
Od tega dolg v obveznicah in drugih menicah
Those ruling requests dated from 2002 and 2012 and cover other aspects of the Fiat group structure in Luxembourg.
Provizija za jamstva za obveznice, plačane družbi Fiat S.p.A. [54]
Those rulings are not assessed in this Decision.
Drugi odhodki
Fiat's Submission of 31 March 2015
SKUPAJ ODHODKI (brez davka od dohodkov pravnih oseb)
Information on Fiat group companies in direct relation with FFT
Dobiček pred davkom od dohodkov pravnih oseb
Fiat recalled that FFT is owned approximately 40 % by Fiat SpA and approximately 60 % by FF, which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fiat SpA [51].
Davki
FFT in turn holds 100 % of FFNA and FFC [52].
Čisti dobiček
Fiat also recalled that FFT is one of the treasury companies of the Fiat group, as listed in recital 39.
Lastni kapital
At the request of the Commission, Fiat provided detailed financial data on the group treasury companies.
Zneski, dolgovani družbam skupine
In particular, Fiat provided the annual report for the years 2011 to 2013 of FFT, FF, FFNA, FFC and FFB.
Izdani dolžniški vrednostni papirji
Fiat also provided a description of the functions of the group treasury companies.
Druge obveznosti (bančni dolg, dajatve itd.)
According to that information, FF has 52 employees, out of which [20-30] are working for the treasury department and [10-20] in accounting.
SKUPAJ LASTNI KAPITAL IN OBVEZNOSTI
FFT has 14 employees, composed of one director, [0-10] front office employees (the front office is based in the United Kingdom), [0-10] back office employees and [0-10] accounting and control employees.
Terjatve do družb skupine
FFNA has five employees and FFC has limited activities.
Likvidna sredstva in vrednostni papirji
According to the submission of Fiat, the book value of the subsidiaries of FFT (FFNA and FFC) […].
Udeležba v povezanih podjetjih
The annual report of FFT states that both FFNA and FFC have been acquired from Fiat SpA and FF in 2011.
Druga sredstva (opredmetena osnovna sredstva, aktivne časovne razmejitve itd.)
Starting from 2011, FFT prepared consolidated financial statements in Luxembourg.
SKUPAJ SREDSTVA
FF and FFT are the treasury companies for the euro-area.
Družba FFT je konec let 2011, 2012 in 2013 pri različnih bankah izdala jamstva za družbe skupine v skupnem znesku 2560802 EUR, 10772314 EUR oziroma 10155339 EUR.
Financial figures for FF and FFT for the period 2010-2013 based on the provided annual reports are presented in Tables 8 and 9 [53].
Preglednica 9
Table 8
Finančni podatki za družbo FFT za obdobje od leta 2010 do leta 2013
FFT's financial figures for years 2010 to 2013
Finančni prihodki
Interest and similar income
Drugi prihodki (dividende, dobiček iz izvedenih finančnih instrumentov, menjalnih tečajev itd.)
Thereof from group companies
Prihodki od storitev za skupino
Other income
Operativni stroški
TOTAL INCOME
Finančni odhodki
Operating expense and amortisation
Obveznosti
Interest payable and other financial charges
Finančna sredstva
Thereof to group companies
Podrobne informacije o sredstvih in obveznostih družbe FFT
Thereof on bonds and other notes
Preglednica 10
Commission on Guarantees on bonds paid to Fiat SpA [54]
Nasprotne stranke družbe FFT v letu 2013
Other expense
(v tisoč EUR) [55]
TOTAL EXPENSE (excl. corporate tax)
Sredstva
Profit before corporate tax
Povprečen neporavnani znesek
Amounts owned to group companies
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 2
Other liabilities (bank debt, accruals, …)
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 4
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 5
Amounts owned by group companies
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 6
Cash and transferrable securities
Plačane obresti
Participation in affiliated undertakings
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 7
Other assets (fixed assets, accruals, …)
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 8
TOTAL ASSETS
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 9
FFT issued guarantees in favour of group companies to different banks for a total amount of EUR 2560802, EUR 10772314 and EUR 10155339 at the end of 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively.
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 10
Table 9
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 11
FF's financial figures for years 2010 to 2013
Nasprotna stranka skupine Fiat št. 12
Financial income
Skupina Fiat je predložila tudi informacije o izdaji dolga družbe FFT od leta 2009 v programu EMTN [56], ki je glavni vir financiranja družbe FFT, in njegovem prospektu izdaje.
Other income (dividends, financial gains on derivatives, exchange rates, …)
V tem obdobju je družba FFT izvedla 14 izdaj z zapadlostjo največ 7 let.
Revenue from services to group
Izdala je obveznice v eurih s kuponi med 5,75 % in 7,75 % (razen ene izdaje, kjer je obrestna mera 9 %) ter v švicarskih frankih s kuponi od 4 % do 5 %.
Operating expense
Iz informacij, ki jih je predložila skupina Fiat, je razvidna zapadlost poslov financiranja znotraj skupine.
Financial expense
Konec leta 2013 je bila pogodbena zapadlost krajša od enega leta za terjatve v znesku 12613000 EUR od skupnega zneska 12858000 EUR (likvidna sredstva in posojila družbam skupine so predstavljeni v preglednici 9).
Liabilities
Iz poslanih informacij o različnih transakcijah znotraj skupine je razvidno, da so številne transakcije transakcije čez noč.
Financial assets
Kljub temu družba FFT sklepa tudi transakcije z drugačno zapadlostjo […].