natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Identifying such a sample of comparable transactions would prove impossible, given that the transactions covered by this assessment are so complex and specific, and all the more so as the prices of groundhandling services and marketing services are rarely made public and would be difficult to obtain in order to form a basis for comparison.
Vendar stalni stroški predstavljajo velik delež operativnih stroškov letališča, kar pomeni, da so skupni operativni stroški na potnika v večini primerov verjetno bistveno višji od dodatnih stroškov, povezanih s sklenitvijo nove pogodbe, ki ustvarja dodaten promet.
Lastly, assuming that it could be established, based on a valid comparative analysis, that the ‘prices’ applied in the various transactions covered by this assessment were equivalent to or higher than the ‘market prices’ established using the sample of comparison transactions, the Commission could not, however, conclude that those transactions corresponded to the market price if it proved that, on their conclusion, the airport operator may have expected them to lead to incremental costs higher than the incremental revenues.
Za oceno dodatnih operativnih stroškov mora Komisija uporabiti elemente iz analize upravljavca letališča, saj sama ne more oceniti, kako lahko določena pogodba vpliva na različne postavke stroškov letališča.
An MEO would not in fact be interested in offering goods or services at the ‘market price’ if this led to an incremental loss.
Komisija ugotavlja, da je zbornica to oceno pripravila pred sklenitvijo večine pogodb z družbama Ryanair in AMS, zajetih v formalnem postopku preiskave, in da je bila ocena torej na voljo ob sklenitvi navedenih pogodb.
The Commission considers it appropriate to reiterate in the context of this analysis that, following the adoption of the new Guidelines, both France and the interested parties were invited to submit comments on the application of those guidelines to the present case (see recitals 22 and 23).
Komisija ugotavlja, da je bil poslovni načrt za družbo Transavia pripravljen za letalskega prevoznika, ki se razlikuje od družbe Ryanair.
In the event, neither France nor the interested parties disputed in substance the Commission’s approach according to which, where an appropriate benchmark cannot be identified to establish a true market price for the services provided by airports to airlines, the most relevant criterion for assessing the arrangements concluded between these two parties is an ex ante incremental profitability analysis.
Vendar meni, da družba Transavia uporablja gospodarski model nizkocenovnega prevoznika, ki je primerljiv z modelom družbe Ryanair, in da bi bili dodatni operativni stroški, ki bi jih napovedal udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu, zato verjetno podobni za oba letalska prevoznika, če bi se zmanjšali na število potnikov.
In the light of all the above, the Commission considers that the approach generally recommended in the new Guidelines for applying the MEO test to relationships between airports and airlines, namely the ex ante incremental profitability analysis, must be applied to the present case.
Pravzaprav je zelo malo verjetno, da bi se struktura stroškov upravljavca letališča v šestmesečnem obdobju bistveno spremenila.
This approach is justified by the fact that an airport operator may have an objective interest in concluding a transaction with an airline where it may reasonably expect this transaction to improve its profits (or reduce its losses) compared to a counterfactual situation in which this transaction is not concluded, regardless of any comparison with the conditions offered to airlines by other airport operators, or even with the conditions offered by the same airport operator to other airlines.
Ocena za december 2005 je zato sprejemljiv približek ocene, ki bi jo udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu pripravil junija 2005, da bi ocenil vrednost sklenitve pogodb z družbama Ryanair in AMS.
On this last point, as the Commission noted in the new Guidelines, ‘price differentiation is a standard business practice, as long as it complies with all relevant competition and sectoral legislation.
Pogodba iz leta 2003 je bila sklenjena skoraj tri leta pred pripravo poslovnega načrta za družbo Transavia.
Nevertheless, such differentiated pricing policies should be commercially justified to satisfy the MEO test’ (footnotes omitted).
Vendar se struktura prometa in dejavnosti letališča v tem triletnem obdobju niso bistveno spremenile.
In this regard, it should be noted that the comments of certain third parties that basically criticise the CCIPB for not having applied its general pricing system uniformly to all airlines are not relevant with regard to the application of the MEO test.
Zato in ker ni boljše možnosti, Komisija meni, da so povprečni dodatni operativni stroški v višini […] EUR na potnika z 2-odstotno indeksacijo od leta 2009 naprej primerni tudi za oceno pogodbe iz leta 2003.
For example, Air France’s comment, summarised in recital 169, that the CCIPB should have invoiced Ryanair for the ‘lighting charge’ under certain circumstances is without merit.
Komisija ugotavlja, da so dodatni operativni stroški, ki jih je predlagala Francija ([…] EUR na potnika) in so izračunani kot povprečje operativnih stroškov na potnika, zabeleženih v obdobju 2003–2011, precej višji od dodatnih stroškov na potnika, ki jih je uporabila Komisija in so po njenem mnenju pomembnejši glede na zgoraj navedene ugotovitve.
An airport operator does not necessarily confer an economic advantage on an airline by negotiating conditions with that airline that fall outside its general pricing system, or even by negotiating a different pricing system from this general system.
Za vsako transakcijo se dodatni operativni stroški na potnika pomnožijo z napovedanim dodatnim prometom, da se za vsako posamezno leto določijo skupni dodatni operativni stroški, povezani s pogodbo.
Joint assessment of the conduct of the airport operator and the CCIPB as a whole
Predstavitev rezultatov za pogodbe z družbama Ryanair in AMS
In the opening decision, the Commission considered, as a preliminary observation, that the conduct of the CCIPB as a whole should be assessed together with that of the airport operator and, where applicable, with that of the State or other public authorities supervising the airport operator or involved in its financing.
Potem ko je Komisija za vsako pogodbo določila vse dodatne prihodke in stroške, ki bi jih napovedal udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu, lahko za vsako pogodbo in vsako leto načrtovanega obdobja trajanja pogodbe določi diskontirane dodatne tokove (prihodki minus stroški).
France indicated its agreement to the joint assessment of the conduct of the service operating the airport, the CCIPB as a whole and other public authorities.
Ti rezultati so prikazani v preglednicah 6 do 11.
In applying the MEO test, the conduct of the CCIPB as a whole, and not just that of its service operating the airport, should be taken into account.
Komisija za vse pogodbe in za spremembo z dne 16. junija 2009 pogodbe iz leta 2005 za ruto Pau–London ugotavlja, da so vsi letni dodatni tokovi negativni, kot je prikazano v naslednjih preglednicah, kljub predpostavkam, ki jih je uporabila Komisija in so ugodne za družbo Ryanair, zlasti v zvezi z dodatnim prometom in dodatnimi stroški.
The service operating the airport within the CCIPB does not in fact have its own legal personality distinct from that of the CCIPB.
Komisija ugotavlja tudi, da bi ta ugotovitev veljala za pogodbe iz let 2007, 2008, 2009 in 2010, tudi če bi se izključili vsi dodatni operativni stroški in če bi se za dodatne stroške uporabili samo stroški nakupa storitev trženja.
Furthermore, although the airport services agreements were signed with the airport, which received the airport charges paid by Ryanair and other airlines, the costs of the marketing services agreements were mainly charged to the CCIPB’s general budget and were not necessarily reflected in the airport’s accounts.
Zato je jasno, da vse te pogodbe in sprememba z dne 16. junija 2009 pogodbe iz leta 2005 za London, ki jih je zbornica sklenila z družbama Ryanair in AMS ter so zajete v tej preiskavi, družbama Ryanair in/ali AMS dajejo gospodarsko prednost.
France also indicates in this respect that the CCIPB directly covered these costs.
Ta prednost je selektivna, saj izhaja iz pogodbenih določb, ki veljajo samo za družbo Ryanair ali AMS.
The Commission therefore takes the view that the conduct of the airport operator and the CCIPB as a whole must be assessed together, in terms of their relations with the airlines and their subsidiaries, in order to apply the private operator in a market economy test.
Sprememba z dne 16. junija 2009 pogodbe iz leta 2007 za ruto Pau–Charleroi, s katero so se stroški promocije zvišali z […] EUR na […] EUR na leto z učinkom od 1. januarja 2009, ne da bi se pri tem spremenile storitve, družbama Ryanair in AMS prav tako daje selektivno prednost, saj zbornica ni prejela ničesar v zameno za dodatno plačilo v višini […] EUR na leto in od tega zlasti ni mogla pričakovati dodatnega prometa.
Conclusion on the terms for applying the market economy operator test
Preglednica 6
It is clear from all the above that, in order to apply the MEO test to the agreements in question, the Commission must analyse each marketing services agreement together with the corresponding airport services agreement, and must assess whether a hypothetical MEO, motivated by the prospect of profits and operating Pau airport in place of the CCIPB, would have entered into these transactions.
Potniki ((s) = sezonska)
To this end, the Commission must determine the incremental profitability of the agreements as it would have been assessed by the MEO at the time of their conclusion, by estimating, for the entire period of application of the agreements:
Pogodba
the future incremental traffic expected from the implementation of these agreements, possibly taking into account the effects of the marketing services on the load factors of the routes covered by the agreements;
Letov/teden
the future incremental revenues expected from the implementation of these agreements, including revenue from airport charges and groundhandling services, generated by the routes covered by these agreements, as well as non-aeronautical revenue from the additional traffic generated by the implementation of these agreements;
Letov/leto
the future incremental costs expected from the implementation of these agreements, including operating costs and any incremental investment costs generated by the routes covered by these agreements, as well as marketing service costs.
Datum podpisa pogodb(e)
These calculations will provide the future annual flows corresponding to the difference between incremental revenues and costs, which are to be discounted, if necessary, by a rate reflecting the cost of capital for the airport operator.
Datum začetka izvajanja
A positive net present value indicates in principle that the agreements in question do not confer an economic advantage, whereas a negative net present value reveals the presence of such an advantage.
Prvotno načrtovani datum zaključka
It should be noted that, in this assessment, the arguments of the CCIPB and Ryanair that the price of the marketing services purchased by the CCIPB is equivalent to or less than what may be regarded as a ‘market price’ for such services are without merit.
Sprememba iz leta 2009 pogodbe iz leta 2005 za London
A hypothetical MEO motivated by the prospect of profits would not be prepared to purchase such services, even at a price at or below ‘market price’, if it were predicted that, despite the positive effect of such services on passenger traffic on the routes concerned, the incremental costs generated by the agreements would exceed the incremental revenues at present value.
London, Charleroi (s) in Beauvais (s) 2010
In such a scenario, the ‘market price’ would be higher than the hypothetical MEO was prepared to pay, and the services in question would therefore logically be rejected.
Preglednica 7
For the same reasons, the fact that the prices set for the airport services in the airport services agreement may be equivalent to or higher than the prices invoiced by even slightly comparable airport operators for comparable services would be irrelevant in this analysis if these prices were not expected to generate sufficient incremental revenues to cover the incremental costs at present value.
Pogodba za ruto Pau–London iz leta 2003
Application of the market economy operator test
(v EUR)
For the purpose of assessing the agreements in question and given the above findings, it should be noted that both the existence and the amount of aid in these agreements fall to be assessed in the light of the situation prevailing at the time they were signed and, more specifically, in the light of the information available and developments foreseeable at that time.
Skupno število potnikov na dohodnih in odhodnih letih
In its letter of 30 May 2011, France indicated that, at the time when the 2005 agreements were signed with Ryanair and AMS, no market study or business plan assessing and economically supporting the undertakings made by the airport to Ryanair existed.
Število povratnih letov na leto
According to the information provided by France, it also seems that no market study, business plan or profitability calculation was prepared by the CCIPB before signing the other agreements covered by the formal investigation procedure, except for the 2006 agreement with Transavia, for which a business plan was prepared in December 2005 (‘the Transavia business plan’).
Pristajalna pristojbina
Except for the Transavia business plan, the only financial calculation provided by France is an impact study carried out for the 2003-2004 period, which estimated the financial impact of Ryanair passengers on the region at EUR 8 000 000-10 000 000.
Potniška pristojbina
A survey conducted among the airport’s passengers in January 2011, also provided by France, confirms these results and estimates the average spend per passenger on a Ryanair flight to Pau at EUR 339.
Storitve zemeljske oskrbe
However, these studies are not relevant for the purpose of applying the MEO test.
[0–99 999]
This is because they concern the impact of Ryanair’s activity on the regional economic fabric in general, and not just on the airport’s profitability.
Letalski prihodki skupaj
However, it is settled case-law that regional development considerations cannot be taken into account when applying the MEO test.
[100 000–299 999]
According to Ryanair, the lack of a business plan when agreements such as those covered by the formal investigation procedure are signed cannot be used as evidence that the MEO test is not satisfied.
[300 000–599 999]
The Commission considers that the lack of a business plan is a serious indication that the agreements signed with Ryanair and AMS do not satisfy the MEO test, particularly as neither France nor the CCIPB has been able to provide, in respect of these agreements, any profitability calculation, even incomplete, that was carried out before the agreements were signed.
Neletalski prihodki
In general terms, France has not provided any information indicating that the airport operator analysed the risk taken with regard to the possible benefits of the agreements at the time when these were signed with Ryanair and AMS.
Prihodki skupaj
On the contrary, according to France, the CCIPB was guided by a regional development objective.
Operativni stroški (osebje, razni nakupi itd.)
This further suggests that the agreements with Ryanair and AMS do not satisfy the MEO test.
Stroški trženja
As explained further on, these indications are confirmed by the Commission’s assessment of the profitability analysis that a hypothetical MEO would have carried out.
Stroški skupaj
During the procedure, the Commission invited France to reconstruct the profitability analysis that an MEO would have carried out before signing the agreements with Ryanair and AMS, based on the objective information known to the CCIPB when these agreements were signed and on the foreseeable developments.
[600 000–999 999]
In response to this invitation, France provided a reconstruction of the projected incremental costs and revenues associated with each agreement signed with Ryanair and AMS.
Dodatni tokovi (prihodki minus stroški)
This analysis is mainly based on ex post data, i.e. data observed after the agreements were signed.
[–100 000 do –299 999]
As a result, the method used by France involved calculating the average unit costs and revenues per passenger based on the operating costs, revenues and airport traffic observed during the period from 2003 to 2011.
[–1 do –99 999]
In its analysis of each agreement, France multiplied these data by the projected incremental traffic for each agreement, i.e. the traffic that, on the signature of the agreement, this could be expected to generate.
Preglednica 8
As this analysis is mainly based on cost and revenue data observed after the various agreements were signed, and not necessarily on information foreseeable at the time when the agreements were signed, this method cannot reflect the profitability analysis that an MEO would have carried out before deciding whether to enter into these agreements.
Pogodba za ruto Pau–London iz leta 2005
Moreover, as regards the incremental operating costs, the method used by France is in fact based on the full unit costs, i.e. all the airport’s operating costs per passenger, instead of the incremental costs, i.e. the costs per passenger specifically generated by each agreement.
Preglednica 9
It also clearly reduces the profitability of certain agreements, thus penalising the airlines concerned that have signed the agreements in question.
Pogodba za ruto Pau–Charleroi iz leta 2007
The assumptions used and results of the analysis are presented in recitals 393 to 440.
Pogodbi iz let 2008 in 2009 za ruto Pau–Bristol ter pogodba iz leta 2010 za rute Pau–London, Pau–Charleroi in Pau–Beauvais
As regards the agreement with Transavia, the Commission has directly used the Transavia business plan in order to make its assessment.
Pogodba za Bristol iz leta 2008
When assessing the value in entering into an airport services agreement and/or a marketing services agreement, an MEO would have chosen the term of the agreements in question as the time frame of its assessment.
Pogodba za London, Charleroi in Beauvais iz leta 2010
In other words, it would have assessed the incremental costs and revenues for the period of application of the agreements.
[1 000 000—1 499 999]
There does not seem to be any justification for choosing a longer period.
[–600 000 do –999 999]
On the dates when the agreements were signed, a prudent MEO would not have relied on these agreements being renewed on their expiry, whether under the same terms or under different terms, particularly as low-fare airlines such as Ryanair and Transavia were and are known to be very dynamic in terms of launching and withdrawing routes, or even increasing and reducing frequencies.
Uporaba preskusa udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu za pogodbo z družbo Transavia
The possible renewal of these agreements would therefore have been a distant future prospect that was too uncertain for an MEO to base reasonable economic decisions on this prospect.
Komisija ponavlja, da je zbornica pripravila poslovni načrt pred sklenitvijo pogodbe z družbo Transavia za ruto Pau–Amsterdam (v nadaljnjem besedilu: poslovni načrt za družbo Transavia).
Furthermore, it should be noted that, except for certain agreements, the effective start date of the activities covered by the agreement was not the date of signature of the agreement.
Komisija meni, da je ta poslovni načrt primerno izhodišče za uporabo preskusa udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu za pogodbo z družbo Transavia, in nima razloga za pomisleke glede uporabljenih predpostavk, razen v zvezi s časovnim okvirom, uporabljenim pri oceni.
In this case, it is the effective start date that has been used as the starting point, and not the date of signature.
Ta časovni okvir je obravnavan v nadaljevanju.
It should also be noted that, in applying the MEO test, the fact that Ryanair did not operate certain routes for the entire period stipulated in certain agreements has not been taken into account as this factor was not known or foreseeable at the time when the agreements were signed.
Komisija ugotavlja, da ta poslovni načrt navaja „letni finančni rezultat“ (podoben dodatnim tokovom (prihodki minus stroški) v analizi pogodb z družbo Ryanair/AMS), ki je negativen v obdobju 2006–2008 in pozitiven v obdobju 2009–2012 (glej preglednico 12).
The Commission will now examine the agreements signed with Ryanair and AMS in terms of incremental traffic, revenues and costs in the light of the assumptions used, before presenting its analysis of the agreements signed with Ryanair and AMS, followed by its analysis of the agreement signed with Transavia.
Poslovni načrt za družbo Transavia navaja, da naložba (donosnost naložbe) postane donosna (kumulativno) šele v sedmem letu.
Incremental traffic and number of projected rotations (agreements with Ryanair and AMS)
Z drugimi besedami, načrt ne vključuje uporabe diskontne stopnje za napovedane letne tokove, da bi se izračunala neto sedanja vrednost in se v zvezi z donosnostjo letališča preverilo, ali se negativni tokovi v zgodnjem obdobju izravnajo s pozitivnimi tokovi na koncu obravnavanega obdobja.
The analysis conducted by the Commission is based on the incremental traffic (in other words, the number of additional passengers) that an MEO operating Pau airport in place of the CCIPB could have predicted when the agreements were signed.
V poslovnem načrtu je v bistvu uporabljena kumulativna vsota tokov brez diskontiranja (glej „kumulativni rezultat“ v preglednici 12), ki je negativna za obdobje 2006–2011, leta 2012 pa postane pozitivna.
With regard to the 2003 agreement for example, this involves determining the number of passengers that the Pau airport operator could have expected, in 2003, to use the Pau-London route operated by Ryanair, over the term of the agreement.
Komisija je Francijo pozvala, naj opravi podrobno analizo na podlagi objektivnih informacij, s katerimi je bila zbornica seznanjena ob sklenitvi pogodbe z družbo Transavia, da bi ugotovila, ali bi udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu, ki ga motivirajo obeti za dobiček, sklenil to pogodbo.
The projected incremental traffic has been determined based on the number of routes and frequencies stipulated in the various airport services agreements and marketing services agreements, and on the resulting number of annual rotations.
Francija je za to analizo uporabila „letni finančni rezultat“ iz poslovnega načrta za družbo Transavia, od tega zneska pa je odštela davek od dohodkov pravnih oseb za leta, v katerih so bili tokovi pozitivni, in nato uporabila 6,5-odstotno diskontno stopnjo za izračun neto sedanje vrednosti.
Furthermore, the Commission has taken into account the capacity of the aircraft used by Ryanair, namely the Boeing 737-800 configured with 189 seats.
Rezultat te analize je neto sedanja vrednost v višini [- 100 000 do - 200 000] EUR, izračunana za načrtovani datum uvedbe rute Pau–Amsterdam, tj. 26. april 2006.
The Commission started from the assumption of a load factor of 85 % per flight, which is favourable to Ryanair because 85 % is a high load factor.
Vendar Komisija ugotavlja, da poslovni načrt za družbo Transavia in izračun Francije temeljita na oceni donosnosti za obdobje 2006–2012, medtem ko naj bi se pogodba v skladu z njenimi pogoji izvajala samo do leta 2009 in ni vsebovala klavzule o samodejnem podaljšanju.
This is also slightly above the average load factor for flights operated by Ryanair on its network, and equal to or above the load factor proposed by France for the various agreements in its reconstruction of the profitability analyses.
Zaradi razlogov iz uvodnih izjav 393 do 397 mora analiza napovedane donosnosti temeljiti na prvotno načrtovanem obdobju izvajanja pogodbe in ne na daljšem obdobju.