natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Moreover, in line with the considerations in Sections 8.1.1, 8.1.3 and 8.1.4, which apply equally to that measure, the Commission considers that the equity injection constitutes State aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty, as it involves State resources, it is imputable to the State and confers an selective economic advantage on FFHG that distorts or threatens to distort competition and trade between Member States.
Čeprav bi udeleženec v tržnem gospodarstvu izračun običajno opravil za celotno obdobje trajanja pogodbe, je lahko družba FFHG v tem primeru zaradi dejstva, da se je za pogodbo pričakovalo, da bo že od prvega leta ustvarjala pozitivni prispevek – tudi če bi število potnikov in pričakovani prihodki ostali nespremenjeni (medtem ko se je pričakovalo, da se bodo povečali) –, razumno pričakovala, da bo s pogodbo zagotovljen splošni pozitivni prispevek k njeni donosnosti (glej uvodno izjavo 471).
AID NATURE OF THE MEASURES RELATING TO RYANAIR AND OTHER AIRLINES USING THE AIRPORT
Dodatni prihodki, upoštevani v navedeni oceni donosnosti, vključujejo prihodke iz letalskih dejavnosti in druge prihodke iz neletalskih dejavnosti, kot so določeni v pogodbi z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002, pa tudi prihodke od brezcarinske prodaje.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF THE MEO PRINCIPLE
V zvezi s tem je družba FFHG pričakovala, da bo leta 2002 obravnavala približno 392137 potnikov družbe Ryanair [119].
In order to assess whether an agreement between a publicly-owned airport and an airline confers an economic advantage on the latter, it is necessary to analyse whether that agreement complied with the MEO principle.
Ta napoved prometa je bila z dejanskim razvojem potniškega prometa na letališču celo presežena (glej preglednico 1).
In applying the MEOT to an agreement between an airport and an airline, it must be assessed whether, at the date when the agreement was concluded, a prudent market economy operator would have expected the agreement to lead to a higher profit than would have been achieved otherwise.
Tudi če bi bila, kot navaja družba Lufthansa, podpora za nove proge v oceni donosnosti, ki jo je opravila družba FFHG, ocenjena prenizko, bi bila višja podpora za trženje izravnana z večjimi prihodki iz letalskih in neletalskih dejavnosti zaradi večjega števila potnikov.
That higher profit is to be measured by the difference between the incremental revenues expected to be generated by the agreement (that is, the difference between the revenues that would be achieved in case the agreement is concluded and the revenues that would be achieved in the absence of the agreement) and the incremental costs expected to be incurred as a result of the agreement (that is, the difference between the costs that would be incurred in case the agreement is concluded and the costs that would be incurred in the absence of the agreement), the resulting cash flows being discounted with an appropriate discount rate.
Upoštevani dodatni stroški vključujejo stroške zemeljske oskrbe, ki jo izvaja zunanje podjetje za zemeljsko oskrbo, stroške dodatnega osebja, ki ga je treba zaposliti, ter stroške trženja, razvoja novih prog in varnostnih pregledov.
In that analysis, all the relevant incremental revenues and costs associated with the agreement must be taken into account.
Navedene naložbe so bile ocenjene na približno […] milijonov DEM in so se nanašale na razširitev potniškega terminala.
The various elements (discounts to airport charges, marketing grants, other financial incentives) should not be assessed separately.
Čeprav se za terminal ni štelo, da je njegovo gradnjo sprožila družba Ryanair, so bili v izračunu družbe FFHG upoštevani pričakovani dodatni naložbeni stroški terminala.
Indeed, as stated in the Charleroi judgment: ‘It is (…) necessary, when applying the private investor test, to envisage the commercial transaction as a whole in order to determine whether the public entity and the entity which is controlled by it, taken together, have acted as rational operators in a market economy.
Čeprav v oceni donosnosti, ki jo je opravila družba FFHG in predložila Nemčija, prihodnja plačila niso bila diskontirana na datum, ko je bila sklenjena pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002, je jasno, da se je za pogodbo pričakovalo, da bo donosna.
The Commission must, when assessing the measures at issue, examine all the relevant features of the measures and their context […].’ [105].
Komisija ugotavlja, da je bila predpostavka, ki je bila podlaga za predhodni izračun, ob upoštevanju prevladujočih tržnih razmer v času, ko je bil izdelan izračun, razumna.
The expected incremental revenues must include in particular the revenues from airport charges, taking into account the discounts as well as the additional traffic expected to be generated by the agreement and the non-aeronautical revenues expected to be generated by the traffic.
Pričakovani obseg potniškega prometa je bil z dejanskim razvojem potniškega prometa na letališču celo presežen (glej preglednico 1) ter je privedel do večjih prihodkov iz letalskih in neletalskih dejavnosti.
The expected incremental costs must include in particular all the incremental operating and investment costs that would not be incurred in the absence of the agreement as well as the costs of the marketing grants and other financial incentives.
Komisija ugotavlja, da je vodstvo družbe FFHG ob upoštevanju vseh dodatnih stroškov in prihodkov iz dejavnosti družbe Ryanair na letališču pričakovalo, da bo pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002 med svojim trajanjem ustvarila pozitivni prispevek k donosnosti letališča Frankfurt Hahn z NSV v višini najmanj […] milijonov DEM (diskontna stopnja = […] %) [120].
The Commission also notes in that context that price differentiation (including marketing support and other incentives) is a standard business practice.
Komisija ugotavlja, da se glede na dejanski razvoj potniškega prometa na letališču Frankfurt Hahn zdi, da je z NSV, izračunano na podlagi pogodbe z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002, dejanska dodatna donosnost navedene pogodbe ocenjena prenizko.
The Court held in the Stardust Marine judgment that, ‘[…] in order to examine whether or not the State has adopted the conduct of a prudent investor operating in a market economy, it is necessary to place oneself in the context of the period during which the financial support measures were taken in order to assess the economic rationality of the State's conduct, and thus to refrain from any assessment based on a later situation.’ [107].
Ocena donosnosti pogodbe z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002, ki jo je opravila družba Oxera
Hence, in order to be able to apply the MEOT the Commission has to place itself at the time when the respective agreements between FFHG and Ryanair were concluded.
Poleg tega je tudi družba Ryanair predložila oceno donosnosti, ki jo je družba Oxera opravila na podlagi informacij, ki so bile na voljo, ko je bila sklenjena pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002 (ki sta jih predložila letališče in družba Ryanair).
Also, the Commission in principle must base its assessment on the information at the disposal of the airport manager when the respective agreements were signed or put in place, as well as any reasonable assumptions that it could entertain at such time.
Rezultati navedenega izračuna so povzeti v preglednici 17.
Point 63 of the 2014 Aviation Guidelines provides that arrangements concluded between airlines and an airport can be deemed to satisfy the MEO test when they incrementally contribute, from an ex ante perspective, to the profitability of the airport.
Na podlagi preskusa vlagatelja v tržnem gospodarstvu za pogodbo z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002, ki ga je opravila družba Oxera, je Komisija opravila analizo občutljivosti v zvezi s prihodki iz neletalskih dejavnosti, upoštevanimi v oceni.
While this criterion reflects the logic of the MEO test, it has been spelt out only recently and refers to individual arrangements rather than to the overall business, as is more often the case when applying the MEO test.
Tudi če bi bili prihodki iz neletalskih dejavnosti zmanjšani za povprečno 20 % – da bi se opravila analiza občutljivosti predvidenih prihodkov iz neletalskih dejavnosti –, bi NSV pogodbe z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002 znašala […] milijonov EUR, pri čemer bi vse druge predpostavke ostale nespremenjene (glej preglednico 28).
Therefore, the Commission recognises that it may be difficult for the relevant Member State and for the operators concerned to provide full contemporaneous evidence in respect of arrangements concluded many years ago and will take that into account when applying the criterion at stake in the present case.
Preglednica 28
The feasibility of comparing Frankfurt Hahn airport to other European airports
Prilagojena ocena donosnosti pogodbe z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002, ki jo je opravila družba Oxera (zmanjšanje prihodkov iz neletalskih dejavnosti za 20 %)
Under the 2014 Aviation Guidelines, the existence of aid to an airline using a particular airport can, in principle, be excluded if the price charged for the airport services corresponds to the market price, or if it can be demonstrated that from an ex ante analysis —, i.e. one founded on information available when the aid was granted and on developments foreseeable at the time — the airport/airline arrangement could be expected to lead to a positive incremental profit contribution for the airport [108].
Ker eno od kumulativnih meril iz člena 107(1) Pogodbe ni izpolnjeno, Komisija meni, da pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002 ne pomeni državne pomoči v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe.
In that respect, the Commission considers an ex ante incremental profitability analysis to be the most relevant criterion for the assessment of arrangements concluded by airports with individual airlines [109].
4. novembra 2005 je bila dogovorjena sprememba pogodbe z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2002, tj. Agreement Ryanair/Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn GmbH Delivery of aircraft 6 to 18 – year 2005 to year 2012.
The reason is that, at the present time, it is doubtful that an appropriate benchmark can be identified to establish a true market price for services provided by airports.
Nemčija je trdila, da je tudi pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005 v skladu z načelom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.
In general, the application of the MEO principle based on an average price on other, similar markets may prove helpful if such a price can be reasonably identified or deduced from other market indicators.
V utemeljitev je predložila preskus udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, ki ga je opravila družba PwC.
However, this method is not as relevant in the case of airport services, as the structure of costs and revenues tends to differ greatly from one airport to another.
V njem se primerjata dva scenarija, da bi se ugotovil dodatni učinek pogodbe z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005: (i) predhodni poslovni načrt družbe FFHG z vključenostjo družbe Ryanair in (ii) nadomestni scenarij s predhodnim poslovnim načrtom družbe FFHG brez vključenosti družbe Ryanair.
This is because costs and revenues depend on how developed an airport is, the number of airlines which use the airport, its capacity in terms of passenger traffic, the state of the infrastructure and related investments, the regulatory framework which can vary from one Member State to another and any debts or obligations entered into by the airport in the past [110].
Dodatni denarni tok je izračunan kot razlika med njima (kot je povzeto v preglednici 29).
Moreover, the liberalisation of the air transport market complicates any purely comparative analysis.
Preglednica 29
As can be seen in the present case, commercial practices between airports and airlines are not always based exclusively on a published schedule of charges.
Preskus udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu za pogodbo z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005
Rather, these commercial relations are very varied.
Poročilo družbe PwC iz leta 2006, str. 88 in 89.
Consequently, one transaction cannot really be compared with another based on a turnaround price or price per passenger.
Poleg tega so v izračunu donosnosti upoštevane tudi naložbe, potrebne zaradi navzočnosti družbe Ryanair na letališču.
Finally, assuming that it could be established, based on a valid comparative analysis, that the ‘prices’ involved in the various transactions that are the subject of that assessment are equivalent to or higher than the ‘market prices’ established through a comparative sample of transactions, the Commission would, nevertheless, not be able to conclude from this that these transactions comply with the MEO test if it emerges that, when they were concluded, the airport operator had expected them to generate incremental costs higher than the incremental revenues.
Glede na dodatni preskus udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, ki ga je družba PwC opravila po sklepu o začetku postopka iz leta 2008, je mogoče družbi Ryanair pripisati naložbe v skupnem znesku […] milijonov EUR, medtem ko se preostalih […] milijonov EUR nanaša na razvoj letališke infrastrukture za tovorni promet (tj. skupaj […] milijonov EUR).
This is because an MEO will have no incentive to offer goods or services at ‘market price’ if doing so would result in an incremental loss.
Komisija ugotavlja, da je vodstvo družbe FFHG ob upoštevanju vseh dodatnih stroškov in prihodkov iz dejavnosti družbe Ryanair na letališču pričakovalo, da bo pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005 med svojim trajanjem ustvarila pozitivni prispevek k donosnosti letališča Frankfurt Hahn z NSV v višini najmanj […] milijonov EUR (diskontna stopnja = […] %) [121].
In such conditions, the Commission considers that, taking into account all the information available to it, there are no grounds for diverging from the approach recommended in the 2014 Aviation Guidelines for applying the MEO principle to relations between airports and airlines, i.e. an ex ante analysis of incremental profitability.
V tem okviru Komisija ugotavlja, da se ob upoštevanju prevladujočih tržnih razmer in precejšnje rasti nizkocenovnih prevoznikov od leta 2000 predpostavke, ki so bile podlaga za predhodni poslovni načrt, zdijo realne.
Assessment of Incremental Costs and Revenues
Obenem pa se glede na dolgoročno načrtovanje dejanskega razvoja potniškega prometa na letališču Frankfurt Hahn pri NSV, izračunani na podlagi […]-odstotne diskontne stopnje, morda ne upoštevajo ustrezno tveganja, ki lahko vplivajo na osnovne predpostavke.
The Commission considers that price differentiation is a standard business practice, as long as it complies with all relevant competition and sectoral legislation.
Komisija je zato opravila oceno občutljivosti diskontne stopnje (glej preglednico 30).
In the view of the Commission, arrangements concluded between airlines and an airport can be deemed to satisfy the MEO test when they incrementally contribute, from an ex ante perspective, to the profitability of the airport.
Preskus udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu za pogodbo z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005 – ocena občutljivosti diskontne stopnje
The airport should demonstrate that, when setting up an arrangement with an airline (for example, an individual contract or an overall scheme of airport charges), it is capable of covering all costs stemming from the arrangement, over the duration of the arrangement, with a reasonable profit margin on the basis of sound prospects.
Komisija glede na opravljeno analizo dodatne donosnosti ugotavlja, da je bila tudi pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005 v skladu z načelom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, saj je s predhodnega vidika in ob upoštevanju prevladujočih tržnih razmer postopno prispevala k donosnosti upravljavca letališča.
In order to assess whether an arrangement concluded by an airport with an airline satisfies the MEO test, expected non-aeronautical revenues stemming from the airline's activity must be taken into consideration together with airport charges, net of any rebates, marketing support or incentive scheme).
Komisija zato ugotavlja, da z odločitvijo družbe FFHG, da sklene pogodbo z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005, tej ni bila dodeljena gospodarska prednost, ki je pod običajnimi tržnimi pogoji ne bi pridobila.
Similarly, all expected costs incrementally incurred by the airport in relation to the airline's activity at the airport must be taken into account.
Ker eno od kumulativnih meril iz člena 107(1) Pogodbe ni izpolnjeno, Komisija meni, da pogodba z družbo Ryanair iz leta 2005 med letališčem Frankfurt Hahn in družbo Ryanair ne pomeni državne pomoči v smislu člena 107(1) Pogodbe [122].
Such incremental costs may encompass all categories of expenses or investments, such as incremental personnel, equipment and investment costs induced by the presence of the airline at the airport.
Trdila je, da je znižanje pristojbin glede na število potnikov običajen pristop na nacionalnih in mednarodnih letališčih.
For instance, if the airport needs to expand or build a new terminal or other facilities mainly to accommodate the needs of a specific airline, such costs should be taken into consideration when calculating the incremental costs.
Ker je bil prag za pridobitev popustov zelo nizek, tj. 100000 potnikov na leto, so bili navedeni popusti na voljo tudi manjšim letalskim prevoznikom.
In contrast, costs which the airport would have to incur anyway independently from the arrangement with the airline should not be taken into account in the MEOT.
Nemčija je v utemeljitev predložila predhodno oceno donosnosti, v kateri se je scenarij z uvedbo seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006 primerjal s scenarijem brez uvedbe navedenega seznama, kot je povzeto v preglednici 31.
Moreover, when deciding on whether or not to enter into an airport service agreement and/or a marketing service agreement, a MEO will choose a time frame for its assessment based on the duration of the agreements in question.
Komisija meni, da je ob upoštevanju takratnih prevladujočih tržnih razmer in dejanskih rezultatov poslovanja družbe FFHG izračun donosnosti temeljil na realnih predpostavkah.
In other words, it will assess the incremental costs and revenues for the term of application of the agreements.
Preglednica 31
There does not seem to be any justification for choosing a longer period.
Ocena donosnosti seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006
On the date of signature of the agreements, a prudent MEO will not count on the agreements being renewed once they have expired, whether under the same or new terms.
Vir: Poročilo družbe PwC, 2006, str. 57.
Moreover, a prudent operator would be aware that low-cost airlines such as Ryanair have always been and are known for being very responsive to market developments, both when starting up or shutting down routes and when increasing or decreasing the number of flights.
EBITDA s seznamom letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006
Germany submitted that FFHG prepared an ex ante incremental profitability assessment of the agreement before concluding any individual agreement with Ryanair.
EBITDA brez seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006
Hence, Germany argued that FFHG acted as a rational investor when concluding the 1999 Ryanair agreement.
Dodatni učinek seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006
The Commission notes that FFHG had indeed drawn up several business plans and calculations around the time it entered into its commercial relation with Ryanair.
Kot je navedeno v oddelku 8.2.1, se lahko dogovori, sklenjeni med letalskimi prevozniki in letališčem, štejejo za skladne s preskusom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, kadar s predhodnega vidika postopno prispevajo k donosnosti letališča.
FFHG's profitability calculations took into account all revenues (aeronautical and non aeronautical) expected to be generated by Ryanair at the airport and all costs induced by the presence of the airline.
Letališče bi moralo pri sklepanju dogovora z letalskim prevoznikom (na primer individualne pogodbe ali splošne sheme letaliških pristojbin) dokazati, da je v celotnem obdobju trajanja dogovora zmožno pokriti vse stroške, ki izhajajo iz takega dogovora, in sicer z razumno stopnjo dobička na podlagi dobrih srednjeročnih obetov.
FFHG's first profitability assessment of the 1999 Ryanair agreement
Poleg tega je treba za oceno, ali je dogovor, ki ga je letališče sklenilo z letalskim prevoznikom, v skladu s preskusom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, upoštevati pričakovane prihodke iz neletalskih dejavnosti letalskega prevoznika in letališke pristojbine brez vseh popustov, podpore za trženje ali shem spodbud.
Table 24 summarises the incremental profitability calculation of the 1999 Ryanair agreement conducted by FFHG for the year 1999, which was conducted by FFHG on the basis of the expected revenue to be generated by the agreement, expected non-aeronautical revenue generated by duty free and sales in shops at the airport and the expected incremental costs related to the agreement.
Nasprotno pa se stroški, ki bi jih letališče moralo kriti v vsakem primeru in ne glede na dogovor z letalskim prevoznikom, ne smejo upoštevati pri preskusu udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu.
Table 24
Kar zadeva oceno donosnosti, ki jo je družba FFHG opravila pred uvedbo seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006, Komisija meni, da so bili upoštevani vsi dodatni stroški in prihodki, nastali zaradi uvedbe tega seznama, ter da so temeljili na razumnih predpostavkah ob upoštevanju prevladujočih tržnih razmer in dejanskih rezultatov družbe FFHG.
Ex ante incremental profitability of the 1999 Ryanair agreement (year 1999)
Seznam letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006 ni bil časovno omejen, zato je zadostovalo, da je upravljavec letališča izračunal njegovo skupno donosnost za več zaporednih let.
While the ex ante-analysis of 4 March 1999 undertaken by FFHG and submitted by Germany did not include a projection for the whole period covered by the agreement, it was clear that the contract was expected to be profitable from the first year of Ryanair's operation.
Ker je poleg tega družba Ryanair sklenila individualno pogodbo, se seznam ni uporabljal za glavnega letalskega prevoznika (s približno 90-odstotnim deležem potnikov), ampak za preostale letalske prevoznike s približno 10-odstotnim deležem potnikov.
Even though a MEO would normally draw up a business plan for the whole duration of the agreement, the agreement was expected to generate as from the beginning a positive incremental contribution for the airport.
Dodatni stroški seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006 so bili torej zelo omejeni, družba FFHG pa je pričakovala, da bo lahko bolje izkoristila svoje vire.
This is in particular because the first year of starting-up airline operations at an untested airport is the most risky period of time.
Čeprav v predhodni analizi, ki jo je opravila družba FFHG in predložila Nemčija, prihodnja plačila niso bila diskontirana na datum, ko je začel veljati seznam letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006, je jasno, da se je za seznam pričakovalo, da bo donosen od prvega leta.
In the present case, the traffic forecasts appear to be based on prudent assumptions and were also confirmed by the actual traffic development at the airport (see Table 1).
Poleg tega glede na visoke fiksne stroške in zelo omejene dodatne stroške v zvezi z zagotavljanjem storitev na podlagi seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006 te napovedi niso bile občutljive za predpostavke v zvezi s splošnim razvojem prometa.
Hence, even if — what was however very unlikely — the passenger traffic would remain at the same level over the duration of the agreement, the airport could still reasonable expect the agreement would generate a positive contribution to the overall profitability of FFHG.
Komisija glede na opravljeni izračun dodatne donosnosti ugotavlja, da je bila uvedba seznama letaliških pristojbin iz leta 2006 v skladu z načelom udeleženca v tržnem gospodarstvu, saj je s predhodnega vidika postopno prispevala k donosnosti letališča.