natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Another party commented that reliance on imported fuels should be decreased to improve security of supply.
Več sodelujočih je navedlo, da ni jasno, ali je Združeno kraljestvo upoštevalo razvoj novih tehnologij, ki izboljšujejo prožnost energetskega omrežja (npr. dinamično oblikovanje cen, pogodbe o prekinitvah dobave ali omejevalnik dinamične dobave v industriji, združevanje storitev in optimizacija povpraševanja gospodinjstev).
One respondent commented that the UK Government's energy policy is politically biased and limits the development of onshore wind farms and solar plants.
En sodelujoči se je pritožil, da Združeno kraljestvo proizvodnji pasovne električne energije glede na spremembe v energetskem sektorju posveča premalo pozornosti, zaradi česar se postavlja vprašanje, ali bo do sredine 20. let pasovna električna energija še vedno tako pomembna, kot je danes.
Several respondents commented that nuclear technology worsens security of supply, since it lacks the flexibility needed for balancing supply and demand on the grid, due to unscheduled failures, reduced capacity rates or routine maintenance.
Zlasti prožnost sistema bo vedno bolj pomembna.
Nuclear would also be associated with unpredictable shocks which require large amounts of back-up, in contrast with the variability of wind which is described as being to a large degree predictable in advance.
Več strani je navedlo, da elektrarna HPC ne bo prva tovrstna elektrarna, temveč peta ali šesta po vrsti, če upoštevamo elektrarne na Finskem in v Franciji ter dve elektrarni na Kitajskem.
Finally, for the same respondents nuclear is also a poor means of cutting emissions, based on research which would show that the nuclear cycle produces between 9 and 25 times more CO2 than wind power.
Na Finskem in v Franciji je bilo naročenih več podobnih reaktorjev brez dodelitve državne pomoči.
Several respondents observed that the contribution of nuclear technology to decarbonisation is not substantial, based on comparative statistics.
Ena stran je navedla, da bi sončne elektrarne lahko vsako leto proizvedle toliko električne energije, kot se to pričakuje od elektrarne HPC, in to s primerljivimi stroški, do leta 2020 ali kmalu za tem pa bi bila energija iz vetrnih elektrarn na morju lahko cenejša.
Several parties observed that the measure would provide no energy security, as it would not replace retiring capacity fast enough and would be reliant on uranium reserves, which may run out.
Ena stran je navedla, da podatki vlade Združenega kraljestva kažejo, da nova jedrska elektrarna ni potrebna, v nasprotju z več dokumenti in razpravami, ki nepravilno zatrjujejo, da se bo povpraševanje po električni energiji podvojilo ali celo potrojilo, v primerjavi z raziskavo vlade v zvezi z dolgoročnim povpraševanjem po električni energiji in potrebah po zmogljivosti do leta 2025.
Several respondents argued that subsidies would lead to foreclosure of other, more innovative and environmentally less harmful production technologies, and that they are not justified and incompatible with the ‘polluter pays principle.’
PRIPOMBE, PREJETE V ZVEZI S PRIMERNOSTJO IN SPODBUDNIM UČINKOM UKREPOV
Future generations would bear the costs stemming from the long-term measure.
Med pozitivnimi odgovori je več sodelujočih navedlo, da lahko jedrska energija pomembno prispeva k proizvodnji električne energije z nizkimi emisijami ogljika in k diverzifikaciji sektorja proizvodnje električne energije.
Several respondents wished to emphasise that a number of Member States (‘MSs’), and in particular Germany, Austria, Ireland, Italy and others, would be against nuclear energy, and that other MSs, such as Portugal, Denmark, Estonia or Greece would not have nuclear energy, hence there could not be a common objective in relation to nuclear energy.
Pripomnili so tudi, da čeprav jedrska energija ne bo zmožna zagotoviti vseh dodatnih zmogljivosti, ki jih bo Združeno kraljestvo v prihodnjih desetletjih potrebovalo, bo po vsej verjetnosti imela najpomembnejšo vlogo pri nadomeščanju iztrošenih jedrskih zmogljivosti in izpolnjevanju prihodnjih potreb.
Several respondents observed that a technology which needs subsidies for 60 years and is exempted from all direct and indirect costs it induces, as well as requiring a 35-year guaranteed contract, cannot be seen as a viable one.
Več sodelujočih je navedlo, da bi bile brez posredovanja vlade zasebne naložbe usmerjene le v kratkoročne donose, zaradi česar nova jedrska elektrarna ne bi bila izvedljiva.
One party argued that there is no satisfactory way to address the need to dispose of radioactive waste.
En sodelujoči je navedel, da upravljavci brez pomoči ne bi imeli spodbud za vlaganje v nove jedrske elektrarne ter da bi uspešno dokončanje prvega projekta močno zmanjšalo stroške novih projektov.
One respondent submitted that the UK is favouring new nuclear energy excessively, by accommodating the many uncertainties around disposal and providing certainty to investors.
Navedel je tudi, da reaktorjev tretje generacije ni mogoče primerjati z obstoječimi elektrarnami ter da brez dolgoročne stabilnosti cen zasebnih vlaganj v jedrsko energijo sploh ne bi bilo.
Several respondents criticised the risk assessment carried out by the UK, stating that it failed to conceive or capture the cascade of unexpected ‘beyond design-base’ accidents that occurred in Fukushima and other major nuclear accidents.
Več sodelujočih je trdilo, da bi program izgradnje nove jedrske elektrarne v Združenem kraljestvu prinesel velike koristi zaposlovanja v Združenem kraljestvu in Evropi.
It also criticised the claims that for the very worst reasonably foreseeable accident/incident at HPC (including terrorist attack), the maximum rate of release in the form of a containment bypass would not exceed 0,03 per cent of the reactor core inventory per day.
Več sodelujočih je pripomnilo, da bi pomoč visoko kvalificirani, usposobljeni delovni sili omogočila ohranitev veščin in razvoj novih tehnik, kar bi bilo pomembno tudi za razgradnjo jedrskih reaktorjev, ki še delujejo.
Several respondents observed that it was unclear whether the UK had taken into account the development of new technologies that improve the flexibility of the power grid (e.g. dynamic pricing, contracts for interruptible load or a dynamic load limiter in industry, aggregation of services and demand optimisation of households).
Omenili so tudi pozitivni učinek, ki bi ga pomoč imela za upravljavce v dobavni verigi.
One respondent criticised the importance the UK places on baseload electricity generation, given the changes that are happening in the energy sector, which would make it questionable whether, by the mid-2020s, baseload will still be as relevant as it is today.
Več sodelujočih je poudarilo, da britanska podjetja prednost dajejo raznoliki mešanici energetskih virov ter da zlasti podpirajo jedrsko, vetrno in vodno energijo.
In particular, system flexibility would become increasingly important.
Program Združenega kraljestva bi oblikoval bolj stabilno investicijsko okolje za podjetja, zlasti za velike porabnike električne energije.
Several parties observed that HPC would not be a first of a kind (‘FOAK’) plant, but rather a fifth or sixth of a kind, given the plants in Finland and France, and the two more which have been built in China.
Več sodelujočih je pripomnilo, da lahko predlagani mehanizem, v primerjavi s sistemom zelenih certifikatov, ki se sedaj uporablja izključno za obnovljivo energijo, omeji prekomerno odškodnino.
Moreover, similar reactors were ordered without granting State aid in Finland and France.
Več strani je navedlo, da mora država spodbujati odločitve vlagateljev v zvezi z energetsko raznovrstnostjo, saj liberalizirani trgi ne morejo ponotranjiti koristi varnosti oskrbe države članice.
One party argued that the solar industry would have the capability to deliver the same amount of electricity every year as is expected to be produced by HPC and at a comparable cost, and that offshore wind could be cheaper than nuclear by 2020 or not long after.
Ena stran je kritizirala mnenje Komisije, da pogodbe na razliko odpravljajo večino tržnih tveganj, saj veliko držav članic s sistemi fiksnih cen (feed-in tariffs) podpira obnovljive vire energije, zato ni razlogov za drugačno obravnavo jedrske energije.
One party argued that the UK Government's own figures would show that new nuclear was not necessary, contrary to several documents and speeches which would incorrectly assert that electricity demand may double or even triple against the Government's own research regarding long-term electricity demand and regarding capacity needs up to 2025.
Več sodelujočih je navedlo, da jedrska tehnologija ni okolju prijazna, ni obnovljiva, temveč dokončna, in bi bila zelo draga, čeprav je zrela tehnologija brez učinka učenja.
COMMENTS RECEIVED ON THE APPROPRIATENESS AND THE INCENTIVE EFFECT OF THE MEASURES
PRIPOMBE, PREJETE V ZVEZI S SORAZMERNOSTJO UKREPOV
Among the positive responses, several respondents observed that nuclear power can be a major contributor to the production of low-carbon electricity and can help diversify the electricity generation sector.
Ena stran je navedla, da mehanizem pogodbe na razliko zmanjšuje tveganje, a podjetje NNBG še vedno izpostavlja osnovnemu tveganju ter preprečuje prekomerno odškodnino, saj so plačila izvedena le, ko je referenčna cena nižja od izvršilne cene.
They also commented that while not capable of providing all of the additional capacity needed over next decades in the UK, it is likely to play a critical role in replacing retiring nuclear capacity and meeting future demand.
Nadalje, ureditev delitve dobička bi omejila prekomerno odškodnino, podjetje NNBG pa ne bi imelo zagotovljene višine prihodkov ali dobička.
Several respondents argued that without government intervention, private investment would focus only on short-term returns, which would make new nuclear impossible.
Pogodba na razliko bi stabilizirala cene, kar bi privedlo do boljšega investicijskega okolja.
One respondent argued that without aid, operators would have no incentive to invest in new nuclear plants, and that the successful accomplishment of the first project would significantly reduce the cost of new projects.
Več strani je navedlo, da bi bilo treba izvršilno ceno primerjati s ceno drugih nizkoogljičnih tehnologij, ne pa s stroški plinskih elektrarn; treba bi bilo upoštevati prihodnje ravni cen in ne zdajšnjih.
It also argued that the third generation reactors cannot be compared with existing plants, and that without a long-term time horizon of price stability it would be impossible to have private investment in nuclear energy.
Več strani je navedlo, da bo pogodba na razliko za elektrarno HPC veljala 35 let, medtem ko je trajanje pogodb za obnovljive vire energije krajše, običajno ne več kot 15 let.
Several respondents claimed that the UK nuclear new build programme would result in significant employment benefits to the UK and to Europe.
Vendar pa bi jedrska elektrarna obratovala 60 let, obrati za obnovljivo energijo pa od 20 do 25 let, kar pomeni nižji delež subvencije za obratovalno življenjsko dobo.
Several respondents observed that the aid would enable a highly specialised, skilled work force to maintain their skills and develop new techniques, something which would be vital also for decommissioning the nuclear reactors in operation today.
Pogodbe na razliko bi Združeno kraljestvo varovale pred višjimi gradbenimi stroški.
They also commented on the positive impact which the aid would provide to the supply chain operators.
Več strani je pripomnilo, da v tem času za cenejše velja le malo tehnologij, od katerih pa v prihodnosti nobena ne more zagotoviti večjih količin električne energije.
Several respondents pointed out that UK businesses would strongly favour a diverse energy mix, and that they would support in particular nuclear, wind, and hydropower.
Več strani je pripomnilo, da bi bila ob upoštevanju vseh sistemskih stroškov obnovljivih virov energije jedrska energija po izvršilni ceni, ki jo je priglasilo Združeno kraljestvo, precej cenejša možnost.
The UK programme would bring more a stable investment environment for businesses, especially large electricity users.
Ena stran je navedla, da lahko odločitev Komisije v zvezi z izključitvijo jedrskih projektov iz uporabe mehanizmov po vzoru pogodbe na razliko pomembno vpliva na zmožnost organa za jedrsko razgradnjo v zvezi z reševanjem civilnega plutonija Združenega kraljestva.
Several respondents observed that the proposed mechanism, as compared to the green certificate system that is currently used exclusively for renewable energies, has the advantage of limiting overcompensation.
Navedla je tudi, da je breme za davkoplačevalce v zvezi z odpadki minimalno/oddaljeno, ker vlada Združenega kraljestva.
One party criticised the Commission's view that CfDs eliminate most market risks, since feed-in tariffs are widely used in many Member States to support renewable energy sources, and there would be no ground for the different treatment of nuclear power.
En sodelujoči je navedel, da morajo biti vsi sporazumi ter vse spremembe sporazumov, ki vplivajo na financiranje, ali praktični dogovori v zvezi z razgradnjo ter ravnanjem in odstranjevanjem odpadkov in izrabljenega goriva, odprti za javnost in parlamentarni nadzor.
Several respondents argued that nuclear technology would not be environmentally friendly, would not be renewable but finite, and would be extremely expensive despite being a mature technology with no learning effect.
Poudarjeno je bilo tudi, da ključne informacije o modeliranju stroškov niso bile objavljene.
COMMENTS RECEIVED ON THE PROPORTIONALITY OF THE MEASURES
Več strani je izrazilo pomisleke, da Združeno kraljestvo podjetju NNBG morda dodeljuje dodatno pomoč, tudi v obliki režima, ki omejuje odgovornost upravljavcev jedrske elektrarne.
One party commented that the CfD mechanism mitigates risk while still exposing NNBG to basic risk, and preventing overcompensation because payments are only made when the RP is below the Strike Price.
Več strani je pripomnilo, da bi za tehnologije, ki niso jedrske, veljala polna odgovornost, za jedrsko tehnologijo pa velja režim omejene odgovornosti.
Also, the equity gain-share arrangement would limit overcompensation and NNBG would not be guaranteed a fixed level of revenues or profits.
Druga vrsta podpore, ki je bila navedena kot morda izključena iz priglašene pomoči, je podcenjevanje stroškov ravnanja z jedrskimi odpadki in njihovega odstranjevanja po pogodbi za odvoz odpadkov, ki jo bodo novi upravljavci jedrske elektrarne morali skleniti na zahtevo Združenega kraljestva.
Finally, the CfD would stabilise prices, leading to a better investment environment.
Podobno je nekaj strani navedlo, da bi domnevno pomanjkljivi stroški razgradnje kršili načelo „onesnaževalec plača“.
Several parties argued that the SP should be compared to that of other low-carbon technologies and not to the costs of gas plants, and consider future price levels rather than current ones.
En sodelujoči je izrazil pomisleke v zvezi z morebitnimi presežki stroškov na podlagi izkušenj z modeloma EPR na Finskem in v Franciji.
Several parties commented that the CfD for HPC would last for 35 years, whereas contracts for renewable energy sources only for shorter durations and typically not for longer than 15 years.
Obstoječi upravljavci jedrskih elektrarn v Združenem kraljestvu že dobivajo finančno podporo na podlagi več finančnih instrumentov, vključno z omejitvami odgovornosti, zavarovanjem poslovnih tveganj, subvencijami za stroške odstranjevanja jedrskih odpadkov in subvencijami za stroške protiterorističnih ukrepov.
However, the nuclear station would operate for 60 years, while renewable installations for 20-25 years, resulting in a lower subsidy proportion of the operating life.
Več strani je pripomnilo, da bo zaradi pomoči gospodarsko tveganje s podjetja preneseno na davkoplačevalce, pomoč pa bo povzročila tudi brezizhodnost, zaradi česar se bodo cene energije zvišale za prihodnjih 35 let.
CfDs would protect the UK from having to pay for higher construction costs.
Več strani je navedlo, da je izvršilna cena previsoka, elektrarna HPC pa najdražja elektrarna v zgodovini.
One party provided a cost assessment suggesting scope for costs to fall significantly after the first plant, down to GBP 60-75 per MWh by 2030.
Izkrivljanja bodo vodila do dodatnih stroškov.
It also argued that the SP of the notified measure would fall within the range suggested by its analysis, i.e. GBP 85 to 100 per MWh.
Ena stran je pripomnila, da ocena sorazmernosti ne more biti dokončna, dokler delitev dobička in določbe o ponovnih pogajanjih o stroških niso v celoti priglašene.
Several parties suggested that only a small number of technologies, none of which can provide for significant quantities of electricity in the future, are at present considered cheaper.
Ena stran je navedla, da izvršilna cena presega ceno, ki jo Nemčija plačuje za kopensko vetrno energijo.
Several parties observed that when the full system costs of renewable energy sources are taken into account, nuclear power would be a much cheaper option at the SP notified by the UK.
Ena stran je pripomnila, da bi bilo pravično domnevati, da ni mogoče razumno pričakovati znatnega znižanja stroškov EPR, če bo podprt, ter da omenjeni reaktor ne bi bil nastajajoča tehnologija.
One party argued that a Commission decision to exclude nuclear projects from using CfD-type mechanisms could have significant potential impacts on NDA's ability to implement a solution for dealing with the UK's civil plutonium.
Več strani je navedlo, da se lahko več nastajajočih tehnologij obnovljive energije izkaže kot precej bolj stroškovno učinkovitih od elektrarne HPC ter da nedavno poročilo Carbon Connect [19] ocenjuje, da bodo donosi za družbo EDF in druge vlagatelje v elektrarno HPC precej višji kot v drugih projektih, s pričakovanim donosom na lastniški kapital približno 19 do 21 odstotkov, kar je več od pričakovanih donosov na lastniški kapital v projektih zasebnih finančnih pobud.
It also submitted that the burden to tax payer of waste-related costs is minimal/remote, because the UK government.
Če bi upoštevali strošek polnega zavarovanja proti jedrskim nesrečam, bi bil gospodarski razlog za jedrsko elektrarno v primerjavi z drugimi nizkoogljičnimi viri znatno šibkejši.
Several respondents commented that investment aid is not deducted from operating aid.
Nedavno poročilo organa za jedrsko razgradnjo in odbora za javne račune v spodnjem domu britanskega parlamenta kaže na stroške jedrske dediščine v višini več kot 2,5 milijarde GBP na leto ali 42 % skupnega proračuna Oddelka za energijo in podnebne spremembe (DECC).
One respondent commented that all agreements, and any modifications to them which impact on the funding, or the practical arrangements concerning decommissioning, waste and spent fuel management and disposal, must be open for public information and Parliamentary scrutiny.
Več strani je navedlo, da obstaja razumen dvom v zvezi s prekomerno odškodnino.
It also commented that key information on cost modelling has not been made public.
Ena stran je izračunala, da če izvršilno ceno v razponu 35 let pretvorimo v 15-letno izvršilno ceno, bi ta znašala približno 117 GBP za MWh v realnih pogojih za leto 2012 ali več kot 20 % več od kopenske vetrne energije in 10 do 15 % več od pretvorbe biomase.
Several parties voiced concerns that the UK might be granting additional aid to NNBG, including in the form of a regime that limits liability of nuclear operators.
Prav tako bi bilo mogoče domnevati, da se bodo stroški kopenske vetrne energije do leta 2023 še znižali zaradi višjih ravni uporabe, zaradi česar bo razlika še očitnejša.
Some parties also considered that technologies alternative to nuclear would bear full liability, while nuclear technology would enjoy a limited liability regime.
Več strani je pripomnilo, da bodo cene alternativnih tehnologij in zlasti tehnologij obnovljive energije v prihodnosti padle, kar bo v primeru projekta HPC pomenilo prekomerno odškodnino.
Another type of support which was indicated as potentially being excluded from the notified aid would be the underestimation of the cost of the management and disposal of nuclear waste under the Waste Transfer Contract into which the UK intends to oblige new nuclear operators to enter.
Ena stran je navedla, da Združeno kraljestvo na trgu ni iskalo enakovrednih zmogljivosti ali enakovredne proizvodnje za isto obdobje.
Similarly, some parties commented that the alleged lack of full account of decommissioning costs would breach the ‘polluter pays principle.’
V Franciji in na Finskem cene električne energije, proizvedene v jedrskih elektrarnah, znašajo med 45 in 50 EUR za MWh.
One respondent voiced concerns over potential cost overruns, based on the experience with the European Pressurised Reactor (‘EPR’) models in Finland and France.
Iz poročil finančnega analitika izhaja, da bo letna notranja stopnja donosa na lastniški kapital družbe EDF 25- do 35-odstotna.
Financial support to existing nuclear operators in the UK would already be provided through a number of financial instruments, including limitations on liabilities, underwriting of commercial risks, subsidies for nuclear waste disposal costs and subsidies towards ant-terrorist costs.
Pogodbe na razliko bi jedrski elektrarni v primerjavi z obnovljivimi viri energije olajšale doseganje referenčne cene, kombinacija spodnje meje cene ogljika in trg proizvodnih zmogljivosti pa bi podpirala naložbe v novo jedrsko elektrarno.
Several parties commented that the aid will result in economic risk being transferred from the undertaking to taxpayers and a lock-in which will increase energy prices for the next 35 years.
PRIPOMBE, PREJETE V ZVEZI Z MOREBITNIM IZKRIVLJANJEM KONKURENCE IN TRGOVINE MED DRŽAVAMI ČLANICAMI
Several parties argued that the SP is too high, with HPC being the most expensive power station ever built.
Med pozitivnimi odgovori je več strani navedlo, da ukrep ne bi bistveno vplival na konkurenco ali trgovino med državami članicami, saj ne bi bistveno vplival na blaginjo potrošnikov in ne bi povzročil višanja maloprodajnih cen.
Distortions would lead to additional costs.
Prav tako bi bilo podjetje NNBG izpostavljeno tržnim silam in pobudam za konkuriranje na veleprodajnem trgu z električno energijo.
One party commented that the proportionality assessment cannot be conclusive until the gain-share and cost re-opening provisions are fully notified.
Več strani je navedlo, da bi bilo treba za vse nizkoogljične tehnologije vzpostaviti enake konkurenčne pogoje, zato so subvencije za novo jedrsko elektrarno skladne z veljavnimi podpornimi politikami za obnovljive vire energije.
One party offered that the SP would be more than what Germany pays for its onshore wind energy.
Več strani je navedlo, da je treba ohraniti tehnološko nevtralnost, zato jedrska tehnologija ne sme biti predmet diskriminacije.
One party commented that it would be fair to assume that there is no reasonable expectation that the costs of the EPR would significantly decline if supported and that the said reactor would not qualify as an emerging technology.
Več strani je pripomnilo, da ukrepi ne morejo izriniti naložb v obnovljive vire energije, saj so tudi ti podprti s pogodbami na razliko.
Several parties argued that several emergent renewable energy technologies may prove much more cost-effective than HPC, and that a recent report by Carbon Connect [18] estimates that returns to EDF and other investors in HPC would be much higher than for other projects, with expected equity returns at around 19 to 21 per cent, higher than expected equity returns on Private Finance Initiative projects.
Nekaj strani je nadalje navedlo, da bi pomoč nasprotno delovala kot spodbuda za nove naložbe v tehnologije za proizvajanje energije.
Also, if the cost of full insurance against nuclear disasters were taken into account, the economic case for nuclear power compared to other low-carbon sources would be substantially weakened.
Ena stran je pripomnila, da naj bi zmogljivost elektrarne HPC znašala nekaj več kot 3 gigavate, ves britanski trg pa bo kmalu dosegel 80 gigavatov.