natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
“track buckle or other track misalignment” means any fault related to the continuum and the geometry of track, requiring track to be placed out of service or immediate restriction of permitted speed;
Neodobren premik iz točk 4.4 in 4.5 pomeni vožnjo mimo:
“wrong side signalling failure” means any technical failure of a signalling system (either to infrastructure or to rolling stock), resulting in signalling information less restrictive than that demanded;
ob progi stoječega signala, ki kaže signalni znak za nevarnost, ali signalni znak Stoj, če sistem zaščite vlaka ne deluje,
“Signal Passed at Danger when passing a danger point” means any occasion when any part of a train proceeds beyond its authorised movement and travels beyond the danger point;
konca z varnostjo povezanega odobrenega premika, določenega v sistemu zaščite vlaka,
“Signal Passed at Danger without passing a danger point” means any occasion when any part of a train proceeds beyond its authorised movement but does not travel beyond the danger point.
točke, sporočene z ustno ali pisno odobritvijo, določeno v predpisih,
Unauthorised movement as referred to in points 4.4 and 4.5 above means to pass:
tabel za zaustavitev (blažilci za zaustavitev niso vključeni) ali ročnih signalov.
a trackside colour light signal or semaphore at danger, or an order to STOP where a Train Protection system (TPS) is not operational,
Primeri, v katerih tirno vozilo brez priključenega vlečnega vozila ali vlak brez strojevodje prevozi signalni znak za nevarnosti, niso vključeni.
the end of a safety related movement authority provided in a TPS,
Primeri, v katerih iz katerega koli razloga signal ne pokaže signalnega znaka za nevarnosti pravočasno, da bi voznik lahko vlak zaustavil pred signalom, niso vključeni.
a point communicated by verbal or written authorisation laid down in regulations,
Varnostni organi lahko o teh štirih vrstah neodobrenega premika, navedenih v alineah v tej točki, poročajo ločeno, poročajo pa o vsaj enem zbirnem kazalniku, ki vsebuje podatke o vseh štirih postavkah;
stop boards (buffer stops are not included) or hand signals.
‚zlomljeno kolo na tirnem vozilu v obratovanju‘ pomeni zlom, ki vpliva na kolo in povzroča nevarnost nesreče (iztirjenje ali trčenje);
Any case in which a vehicle without any traction unit attached or a train that is unattended runs away past a signal at danger is not included.
‚zlomljena os na tirnem vozilu v obratovanju‘ pomeni zlom, ki vpliva na os in povzroča nevarnost nesreče (iztirjenje ali trčenje).
Any case in which, for any reason, the signal is not turned to danger in time to allow the driver to stop the train before the signal is not included.
Skupne metodologije za izračun gospodarskega vpliva nesreč
Safety Authorities may report separately on the four indices of unauthorised movement listed in the indents in this point and shall report at least an aggregate indicator containing data on all four items indices.
Vrednost preprečevanja žrtve (VPŽ) vključuje:
“broken wheel on rolling stock in service” means a break affecting the wheel and creating a risk of accident (derailment or collision);
vrednost varnosti same po sebi:
“broken axle on rolling stock in service” means a break affecting the axle and creating a risk of accident (derailment or collision).
vrednosti pripravljenosti plačati (PP) temeljijo na študijah navedenih preferenc, opravljenih v državah članicah, za katere se uporabljajo;
Common methodologies to calculate the economic impact of accidents
neposredni in posredni gospodarski stroški:
The Value of Preventing a Casualty (VPC) is composed of:
vrednosti stroškov, ki so ocenjeni v državi članici in jih sestavljajo:
Value of safety per se:
stroški zdravljenja in rehabilitacije,
Willingness to Pay (WTP) values based on stated preference studies carried out in the Member State for which they are applied.
sodni stroški, stroški policije, zasebnih preiskav trčenj in službe za ukrepanje ob nesrečah ter upravni stroški zavarovanja,
Direct and indirect economic costs:
izgube v proizvodnji:
cost values appraised in the Member State, composed of:
vrednost blaga in storitev, ki bi jih oseba lahko proizvedla ali opravila za družbo, če nesreče ne bi bilo.
medical and rehabilitation cost,
Pri izračunu stroškov žrtev se smrtne žrtve in hude poškodbe upoštevajo ločeno (različni VPŽ za smrtno žrtev in za hudo poškodbo).
legal court cost, cost for police, private crash investigations, the emergency service and administrative costs of insurance,
Skupna načela za oceno vrednosti varnosti same po sebi in neposrednih/posrednih gospodarskih stroškov:
production losses:
Pri vrednosti varnosti same po sebi presoja, ali so razpoložljive ocene primerne ali ne, temelji na upoštevanju naslednjega:
value to society of goods and services that could have been produced by the person if the accident had not occurred.
ocene se nanašajo na sistem vrednotenja zmanjševanja tveganja smrtnosti v prometnem sektorju in so skladne s pristopom pripravljenosti plačati (PP) v skladu z metodami navedenih preferenc,
When calculating the costs of casualties, fatalities and serious injuries shall be considered separately (different VPC for fatality and serious injury).
uporabljeni vzorec anketiranih glede vrednosti je reprezentativen za zadevno populacijo.
Common principles to appraise the value of safety per se and direct/indirect economic costs:
Predvsem mora odražati starostno/dohodkovno porazdelitev skupaj z drugimi pomembnimi družbeno-gospodarskimi/demografskimi značilnostmi populacije,
For the value of safety per se, the assessment of whether available estimates are appropriate or not shall be based on the following considerations:
metode poizvedovanja o vrednostih PP:
estimates shall relate to a system for valuation of mortality risk reduction in the transport sector and follow a Willingness to Pay (WTP) approach according to stated preference methods,
anketa je oblikovana tako, da so vprašanja anketirancem jasna in so smiselna.
the respondent sample used for the values shall be representative of the population concerned.
Neposredni in posredni gospodarski stroški se ocenijo na podlagi dejanskih stroškov, ki jih nosi družba.
In particular, the sample has to reflect the age/income distribution along with other relevant socioeconomic/demographic characteristics of the population,
Opredelitve pojmov
method for eliciting WTP values:
‚stroški škode za okolje‘ pomenijo stroške, ki jih morajo, da bi na poškodovanem območju znova vzpostavili stanje, kot je bilo pred železniško nesrečo, poravnati prevozniki v železniškem prometu in upravljavci železniške infrastrukture; na podlagi njihovih izkušenj se ti stroški tudi ocenijo;
survey design shall be such that questions are clear/meaningful to respondents.
‚stroški materialne škode na tirnih vozilih ali infrastrukturi‘ pomenijo stroške zagotovitve novih tirnih vozil ali infrastrukture z enakimi funkcionalnostmi in tehničnimi parametri, kot so jih imela tirna vozila ali infrastruktura, ki jih ni več mogoče popraviti, ter stroške vzpostavitve stanja, kot je bilo pred nesrečo, pri tirnih vozilih ali infrastrukturi, ki jih je mogoče popraviti.
Direct and indirect economic costs shall be appraised on the basis of the real costs borne by society.
Oboje ocenijo prevozniki v železniškem prometu in upravljavci železniške infrastrukture na podlagi njihovih izkušenj, vključeni pa so tudi stroški najema tirnih vozil zaradi nerazpoložljivosti lastnih poškodovanih vozil;
Definitions
‚stroški zamud, ki so posledica nesreč‘ pomenijo denarno vrednost zamud, ki jih imajo uporabniki železniškega prevoza (potniki in stranke v tovornem prometu) zaradi nesreč, izračunani pa so po naslednjem modelu:
“Cost of damage to environment” means costs that are to be met by Railway Undertakings and Infrastructure Managers, appraised on the basis of their experience, in order to restore the damaged area to its state before the railway accident.
VT- denarna vrednost prihranjenega potovalnega časa
“Cost of material damage to rolling stock or infrastructure” means the cost of providing new rolling stock or infrastructure, with the same functionalities and technical parameters as that damaged beyond repair, and the cost of restoring repairable rolling stock or infrastructure to its state before the accident, to be estimated by Railway Undertakings and Infrastructure Managers on the basis of their experience, including also costs related to the leasing of rolling stock, as a consequence of non-availability due to damaged vehicles.
Vrednost časa za potnike na vlaku (na uro)
“Cost of delays as a consequence of accidents” means the monetary value of delays incurred by users of rail transport (passengers and freight customers) as a consequence of accidents, calculated by the following model:
VTP = [VT poslovnih potnikov] * [povprečni odstotek poslovnih potnikov na leto] + [VT neposlovnih potnikov] * [povprečni odstotek neposlovnih potnikov na leto]
VT = monetary value of travel time savings
VTP se meri v EUR na potnika na uro.
Value of time for a passenger of a train (an hour)
‚poslovni potnik‘ pomeni potnika, ki potuje zaradi njegove poklicne dejavnosti, prevoz na delo ni vključen.
VTP = [VT of work passengers] * [Average percentage of work passengers per year] + [VT of non-work passengers] * [Average percentage of non-work passengers per year]
Vrednost časa za tovorni vlak (na uro):
VTP is measured in EUR per passenger per hour
VTF = [VT tovornih vlakov] * [(tonski kilometer)/(vlakovni kilometer)]
“Work passenger” means a passenger travelling in connection with their professional activities excluding commuting.
VTF se meri v EUR na tono tovora na uro.
Value of time for a freight train (an hour)
Povprečno število ton blaga, prevoženega na vlak v enem letu = (tonski kilometer)/(vlakovni kilometer)
VTF = [VT of freight trains] * [(Tonne-Km)/(Train-Km)]
CM – strošek 1 minute zamude vlaka
VTF is measured in EUR per freight tonne per hour
Potniški vlak
Average tonnes of goods transported per train in one year = (Tonne-Km)/(Train-Km)
CMP = K1 * (VTP/60) * [(potniški kilometer)/(vlakovni kilometer)]
CM = Cost of 1 minute of delay of a train
Povprečno število potnikov na vlak v enem letu = (potniški kilometer)/(vlakovni kilometer)
Passenger train
Tovorni vlak
CMP = K1 * (VTP/60) * [(Passenger-Km)/(Train-Km)]
Faktorja K1 in K2 sta med vrednostjo časa in vrednostjo zamude, kakor sta bili ocenjeni v študiji navedenih preferenc, zaradi upoštevanja, da se čas, izgubljen zaradi zamud, dojema precej bolj negativno kot običajen potovalni čas.
Average number of passengers per train in one year = (Passenger-Km)/(Train-Km)
Stroški zamud nesreče = CMP * (minute zamude potniških vlakov) + CMF * (minute zamude tovornih vlakov)
Freight train
Področje uporabe modela
Factors K1 and K2 are between the value of time and the value of delay, as estimated by stated preference studies, to take into account that the time lost as a result of delays is perceived significantly more negatively than normal travel time.
Stroški zamud za hude nesreče se izračunajo, kot sledi:
Cost of delays of an accident = CMP * (Minutes of delay of passenger trains) + CMF * (Minutes of delay of freight trains)
dejanske zamude na železniških progah, na katerih so se zgodile nesreče, kot se izmerijo na postaji,
Scope of the model
dejanske zamude ali, če to ni mogoče, ocenjene zamude na drugih prizadetih progah.
Cost of delays is to be calculated for significant accidents, as follows:
‚sistem zaščite vlaka‘ pomeni sistem, ki pomaga uveljavljati spoštovanje signalnih znakov in omejitev hitrosti;
real delays on the railway lines where accidents occurred as measured at terminal station
‚sistemi na vlaku‘ pomenijo sisteme, ki so vozniku v pomoč pri opazovanju signaliziranja ob progi in kabinskega signaliziranja ter tako zagotavljajo zaščito pred mestom nevarnosti in uveljavljanje omejitev hitrosti.
real delays or, if not possible, estimated delays on the other affected lines.
Sistemi zaščite vlaka na vlaku so opisani, kot sledi:
“Train Protection System (TPS)” means a system that helps to enforce obedience to signals and speed restrictions.
opozorilo, ki zagotavlja avtomatsko opozarjanje voznika;
“On-board systems” mean systems assisting the driver to observe line-side signalling and in cab signalling and thus providing protection of danger points and enforcement of speed limits.
opozorilo in avtomatsko zaustavljanje, ki zagotavljata opozarjanje voznika in avtomatsko zaustavljanje ob vožnji mimo signala nevarnosti,
On-board TPSs are described as follows:
opozorilo in avtomatsko zaustavljanje ter ločeno nadziranje hitrosti, ki zagotavljajo zaščito pred mesti nevarnosti, pri čemer ‚ločeno nadziranje hitrosti‘ pomeni nadzor hitrosti na določenih lokacijah (omejevalniki hitrosti) ob približevanju signala;
Warning, providing automatic warning to driver.
opozorilo in avtomatsko zaustavljanje ter neprekinjeno nadziranje hitrosti, ki zagotavljajo zaščito pred mesti nevarnosti in neprekinjen nadzor hitrostne omejitve na progi, pri čemer ‚neprekinjeno nadziranje hitrosti‘ pomeni neprekinjeno navajanje in uveljavljanje največje dovoljene ciljne hitrosti na vseh odsekih proge.
Warning and automatic stop, providing automatic warning to driver and automatic stop when passing a signal at danger.
Vrsta (d) se obravnava kot sistem avtomatske zaščite vlaka (ATP);
Warning and automatic stop and discrete supervision of speed, providing protection of danger points, where “discrete supervision of speed” means supervision of speed at certain locations (speed traps) at the approach of a signal.
‚nivojski prehod‘ pomeni vsako nivojsko križanje ceste ali prehoda in železnice, ki ga priznava upravljavec železniške infrastrukture in je odprto za javne ali zasebne uporabnike.
Warning and automatic stop and continuous supervision of speed, providing protection of danger points and continuous supervision of the speed limits of the line, where “continuous supervision of speed” means continuous indication and enforcement of the maximal allowed target speed on all sections of the line.
Prehodi med peroni na postajah so izključeni, prav tako tudi prehodi čez tire, ki so namenjeni izključno zaposlenim;
Type (d) is regarded as Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system.
‚cesta‘ za namene statističnih podatkov o železniških nesrečah pomeni vsako javno ali zasebno cesto, ulico ali avtocesto, vključno z vzporednimi pešpotmi in kolesarskimi stezami;
“level crossing” means any level intersection between a road or passage and a railway, as recognised by the infrastructure manager and open to public or private users.
‚prehod‘ pomeni vsako pot, razen ceste, namenjeno prehodu ljudi, živali, vozil ali strojev;
Passages between platforms within stations are excluded, as well as passages over tracks for the sole use of employees.
‚pasivni nivojski prehod‘ pomeni nivojski prehod brez kakršne koli oblike sistema opozarjanja ali zaščite, ki bi se sprožil, ko prečkanje prehoda za uporabnika ni varno;
“road” means, for the purpose of railway accident statistics, any public or private road, street or highway, including adjacent footpaths and bicycle lanes.
‚aktivni nivojski prehod‘ pomeni nivojski prehod, na katerem so uporabniki, ki ga prečkajo, zavarovani ali opozorjeni pred prihajajočim vlakom z napravami, ki se sprožijo, ko prečkanje prehoda za uporabnika ni varno.
“passage” means any route, other than a road, provided for the passage of people, animals, vehicles or machinery.
Zavarovanje z uporabo fizičnih naprav vključuje:
“passive level crossing” means a level crossing without any form of warning system or protection activated when it is unsafe for the user to traverse the crossing.
polovične ali polne pregrade,
“active level crossing” means a level crossing where the crossing users are protected from or warned of the approaching train by devices activated when it is unsafe for the user to traverse the crossing.
zapornice.
Protection by the use of physical devices includes:
Opozorilo z uporabo fiksne opreme na nivojskih prehodih vključuje:
half or full barriers,
vidne naprave:
gates.
luči,
Warning by the use of fixed equipment at level crossings:
zvočne naprave:
visible devices:
zvonovi, rogovi, električne hupe itd.
lights,
Aktivni nivojski prehodi so razvrščeni takole:
audible devices:
ročni:
bells, horns, klaxons, etc.
nivojski prehod, na katerem zaščito ali opozorilo na strani uporabnika ročno sproži zaposleni pri železnici;
Active level crossings are classified as:
avtomatski z opozorilom na strani uporabnika:
Manual:
nivojski prehod, kjer opozorilo na strani uporabnika sproži prihajajoči vlak;
a level crossing where user-side protection or warning is manually activated by a railway employee.
avtomatski z zaščito na strani uporabnika:
Automatic with user-side warning:
zaščiten na strani proge:
a level crossing where user-side warning is activated by the approaching train.
nivojski prehod, kjer signal ali drug sistem zaščite vlaka vlaku omogoča nadaljevanje poti le, ko je nivojski prehod v celoti zaščiten na strani uporabnika in je vpad onemogočen.
This shall include a level crossing with both user-side protection and warning.
Razdalja, ki se uporablja, je dejanska razdalja opravljene vožnje, če je na voljo, sicer se uporablja standardna razdalja omrežja med odhodnim in namembnim krajem.
Rail-side protected:
Upošteva se samo razdalja na nacionalnem ozemlju države poročevalke;
a level crossing where a signal or other train protection system permits a train to proceed once the level crossing is fully user-side protected and is free from incursion.
‚potniški kilometer‘ pomeni mersko enoto, ki predstavlja prevoz enega potnika v železniškem prometu na razdalji en kilometer.
Definitions of the scaling bases
‚progovni kilometer‘ pomeni v kilometrih merjeno dolžino železniškega omrežja v državah članicah, katerega področje uporabe je opredeljeno v členu 2.
“train-km” means the unit of measure representing the movement of a train over one kilometre.
Pri večtirnih železniških progah se šteje samo razdalja med odhodnim in namembnim krajem;
The distance used is the distance actually run, if available, otherwise the standard network distance between the origin and destination shall be used.
‚tirni kilometer‘ pomeni v kilometrih merjeno dolžino železniškega omrežja v državah članicah, katerega področje uporabe je opredeljeno v členu 2.
Only the distance on the national territory of the reporting country shall be taken into account.
Šteje se vsak tir večtirne železniške proge.“
“passenger-km” means the unit of measure representing the transport of one passenger by rail over a distance of one kilometre.
RID, Pravilnik o mednarodnem železniškem prevozu nevarnega blaga, kakor je bil sprejet v skladu z Direktivo 2008/68/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 24. septembra 2008 o notranjem prevozu nevarnega blaga (UL L 260, 30.9.2008, str. 13).
“line km” means the length measured in kilometres of the railway network in Member States, whose scope is laid down in Article 2.
Države članice sprejmejo zakone in druge predpise, potrebne za uskladitev s to direktivo, najpozneje do 30. julija 2015.
For multiple-track railway lines, only the distance between origin and destination is to be counted.
Komisiji nemudoma sporočijo besedilo navedenih določb.
“track km” means the length measured in kilometres of the railway network in Member States, whose scope is laid down in Article 2.
‚nesreča pri prevozu nevarnega blaga‘ pomeni vsako nesrečo ali incident, o katerem je treba poročati v skladu z razdelkom 1.8.5 RID [1]/ADR;2.2 ‚nevarno blago‘ pomeni tiste snovi in izdelke, katerih prevoz je z RID prepovedan ali pa dovoljen le pod tam določenimi pogoji.
Each track of a multiple-track railway line is to be counted.’
nivojski prehod, kjer zaščito na strani uporabnika sproži prihajajoči vlak, vključno z nivojskim prehodom tako z zaščito kot opozorilom na strani uporabnika;
Directive 2014/92/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council
Direktiva 2014/92/EU Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta
on the comparability of fees related to payment accounts, payment account switching and access to payment accounts with basic features
o primerljivosti nadomestil, povezanih s plačilnimi računi, zamenjavi plačilnih računov in dostopu do osnovnih plačilnih računov
In accordance with Article 26(2) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), the internal market is to comprise an area without internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured.
V skladu s členom 26(2) Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije (PDEU) notranji trg zajema območje brez notranjih meja, na katerem je zagotovljen prosti pretok blaga, oseb, storitev in kapitala.
Fragmentation of the internal market is detrimental to competitiveness, growth and job creation within the Union.
Razdrobljenost notranjega trga škodi konkurenčnosti, rasti in ustvarjanju delovnih mest v Uniji.
Eliminating direct and indirect obstacles to the proper functioning of the internal market is essential for its completion.
Odprava neposrednih in posrednih ovir za ustrezno delovanje notranjega trga je bistvena za njegovo dokončno vzpostavitev.
Union action with respect to the internal market in the retail financial services sector has already substantially contributed to developing cross-border activity of payment service providers, improving consumer choice and increasing the quality and transparency of the offers.
Ukrepanje Unije v zvezi z notranjim trgom v sektorju maloprodajnih finančnih storitev je že znatno prispevalo k razvoju čezmejnega delovanja ponudnikov plačilnih storitev, izboljšanju izbire za potrošnike ter povečanju kakovosti in preglednosti ponudb.
In this respect, Directive 2007/64/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [4] established basic transparency requirements for fees charged by payment service providers in relation to services offered on payment accounts.
V zvezi s tem je Direktiva 2007/64/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [4] določila osnovne zahteve glede preglednosti nadomestil, ki jih zaračunajo ponudniki plačilnih storitev za storitve, povezane s plačilnimi računi.
This has substantially facilitated the activity of payment service providers, creating uniform rules with respect to the provision of payment services and the information to be provided, reduced the administrative burden and generated cost savings for payment service providers.
To je znatno olajšalo dejavnost ponudnikov plačilnih storitev, saj so bila določena enotna pravila o zagotavljanju plačilnih storitev in informacijah, ki jih je treba zagotoviti, zmanjšalo upravno breme in prispevalo k nižjim stroškom ponudnikov plačilnih storitev.
The smooth functioning of the internal market and the development of a modern, socially inclusive economy increasingly depends on the universal provision of payment services.
Nemoteno delovanje notranjega trga ter razvoj sodobnega in socialno vključujočega gospodarstva sta vedno bolj odvisna od splošne dostopnosti plačilnih storitev.
Any new legislation in this regard must be part of a smart economic strategy for the Union, which must effectively take into account the needs of more vulnerable consumers.
Vsa nova zakonodaja na tem področju mora biti del pametne gospodarske strategije za Unijo, pri kateri je treba ustrezno upoštevati potrebe ranljivejših potrošnikov.
However, as indicated by the European Parliament in its resolution of 4 July 2012 with recommendations to the Commission on Access to Basic Banking Services, more must be done to improve and develop the internal market for retail banking.
Kot je poudaril Evropski parlament v resoluciji z dne 4. julija 2012 s priporočili Komisiji o dostopu do osnovnih bančnih storitev, pa je treba za izboljšanje in razvoj notranjega trga majhnih bančnih poslov storiti še več.
Currently, the lack of transparency and comparability of fees as well as the difficulties in switching payment accounts still create barriers to the deployment of a fully integrated market contributing to low competition in the retail banking sector.
Vzpostavitev popolnoma integriranega trga še vedno ovirajo pomanjkanje preglednosti in primerljivosti nadomestil ter težave pri zamenjavi plačilnih računov, kar prispeva k nizki ravni konkurence v sektorju majhnih bančnih poslov.