natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
As stated by the Spanish authorities, it is generally recognised that there is a risk that not all sectors of the population can benefit from the advantages of digital television (problem of social and regional cohesion).
Te domneve niso bile podkrepljene z dokazi in jim nasprotuje dejstvo, da je kantabrijski projekt Astre vključeval profesionalni sistem pogojnega dostopa.
A market failure might exist where market players do not take sufficiently into account the positive effects of the digital switch-over on society as a whole because they do not have the economic incentives to do so (positive externalities).
Poleg tega bi bila satelitska tehnologija na podlagi izračunov stroškov, ki jih je izvedla Astra, še vedno cenejša, četudi bi bilo treba skleniti posamezne sporazume z vsako špansko regijo.
Moreover, with respect to social cohesion, Member States may want to make sure that all citizens have access to digital TV once analogue TV is switched off and may therefore also consider measures to ensure that all geographical areas continue to have appropriate TV coverage.
V zvezi z regionalno radiodifuzijo Astra vztraja, da je število kanalov španske vlade, tj. 1380, odločno pretirano [94].
In the opening decision, the Commission recognised that there is a market failure in that the broadcasters are unwilling to bear the additional costs of the extension of coverage beyond their statutory obligations.
Na podlagi svojih izračunov znova trdi, da bi bila satelitska rešitev cenejša celo, če bi bili vključeni regionalni in lokalni kanali.
Moreover, neither the satellite platforms nor private households have carried out investments ensuring the reception of digital channels via satellite by all the inhabitants of Area II.
Obstajajo tudi dokazi, da so se regionalne vlade zavedale obstoja tehnološke alternative za razširitev prizemne platforme.
Therefore, the Commission recognises that people whose usual residence is in a rural area may be totally excluded from the free-to-air digital television signal reception if the digital coverage is left entirely to market forces and that public intervention can be beneficial through financial supports to individuals.
Preiskava je razkrila, da so se v začetnih fazah postopka nekatere regije srečale s predstavniki Astre.
Technological neutrality, appropriateness and proportionality of the measure
Na teh srečanjih jim je Astra predstavila predlog satelitske rešitve, ki pa ga regionalne vlade niso nadalje proučevale.
In digital switchover cases, the principle of technological neutrality is well enshrined in several Commission decisions [83].
V zvezi s sorazmernostjo bi bilo pri oblikovanju intervencije za območje II ustrezno, da bi centralna vlada najprej izvedla primerjavo stroškov (ali razpis) na nacionalni ravni.
It has been upheld by the General Court and the Court of Justice [84].
Ker so glavni stroški satelitskega omrežja povezani s satelitsko zmogljivostjo, ta platforma deluje z znatnimi ekonomijami obsega [95].
The choice of technology should normally be established by a technologically neutral tender, as happened in other Member States [85].
Pogajanja Astre z regionalnimi vladami kažejo, da jim je ponudila znatno zmanjšanje cene, če bi pogodbo podpisalo skupaj več regij.
In the absence of such a tender, the choice of a particular technology could be accepted if it had been justified by findings of an ex-ante study proving that, in terms of quality and cost, only one technological solution could have been selected [86].
Če bi bil izveden nacionalni razpis, bi lahko zato pričakovali še več znižanj cen.
The burden of proof lies with the Member State, which has to demonstrate that such a study is sufficiently robust and was carried out in the most independent manner [87].
Z izvedbo decentraliziranih in neusklajenih ukrepov, včasih celo na občinski ravni, pa je tehnologija s takimi ekonomijami obsega že takoj izgubila znatno prednost.
As pointed out in section 2.2, the vast majority of tenders have not been technologically neutral, since they refer, either explicitly through the definition of the object of the tender or implicitly in the description of the technical specifications, to terrestrial technology and DTT.
Posledično se je povečal skupni znesek državne pomoči, potrebne za zagotavljanje storitev digitalne televizije v gospodinjstvih na območju II.
Only DTT operators could fulfil these requirements (and only such operators have in fact participated in these tenders).Spain argues that references in the tender to DTT, or specifications referring to DTT equipment and transmission centres, do not mean that the use of such centres was compulsory for the bidders.
O upravni organizaciji v Španiji odloča država sama, pri zagotavljanju financiranja centralne vlade pa bi morala španska vlada namesto pritiskanja k uporabi digitalne prizemne televizije vsaj spodbujati avtonomne skupnosti, da bi pri svojih razpisih upoštevale morebitno stroškovno učinkovitost, ki jo ponujajo določene platforme.
These references cannot reasonably be interpreted as indicated by Spain.
Komisija meni, da preiskovani ukrep ni upošteval načela tehnološke nevtralnosti.
In any case, even if this were the right interpretation, such a formal argument ignores the commercial reality.
Kot je pojasnjeno zgoraj, ukrep ni sorazmeren in ni ustrezen instrument za zagotavljanje pokritja prebivalcev območja II z nekodiranimi kanali.
Participating in tenders is resource intensive and therefore costly for any bidder.
Upravljanje in vzdrževanje omrežij
Splitting up the intervention in Area II in several hundred individual tenders has multiplied the costs, which amount to a significant entry barrier to any bidder wishing to cover the entire Area II.
Ker stalno financiranje upravljanja in vzdrževanja subvencioniranih omrežij pomeni pomožno uporabo pomoči, se ne more šteti za tehnološko nevtralno.
The combination of central government interventions in favour of DTT technology, as explained in paragraphs 88 and 89, specific tender references to DTT and the need to enter into hundreds of different tender procedures therefore sent a strong signal to other platform operators that participating in such tenders would not be commercially justified.
Usmerjeno je k ohranjanju centrov za radiodifuzijo signala prek prizemnih platform.
It is therefore concluded that these references in the vast majority of cases made it impossible for operators of other platforms to compete [88].
Taka pomoč je zato tudi nezdružljiva.
The ex-ante study provided by the Spanish authorities, as discussed in paragraph 52, does not sufficiently demonstrate the superiority of the terrestrial platform over satellite.
Vse prihodnje pomoči za upravljanje in vzdrževanje je treba priglasiti in morajo upoštevati načelo tehnološke nevtralnosti.
This conclusion advocates instead the need to carry out a technologically neutral tender to determine which platform is the most suitable.
Medtem ko je lahko javna intervencija upravičena zaradi obstoja nekaterih nedelovanj trga in morebitnih kohezijskih težav, zasnova ukrepa po nepotrebnem izkrivlja konkurenco.
In the course of the investigation, some of the Autonomous Communities submitted internal calculations comparing the costs of using both technologies to extend the coverage.
Sklepna ugotovitev v zvezi s členom 107(3)(c) PDEU
However, in addition to uncertainty about the date of these calculations, none of them was detailed and robust enough to justify the choice of terrestrial technology to extend the coverage.
Komisija je sklenila, da preiskovani ukrep, vključno s stalno pomočjo, ni ustrezen, potreben in sorazmeren instrument za odstranitev opredeljenega nedelovanja trga.
What is more, none of them was carried out by an independent expert.
Člen 106(2) PDEU
Concerning the two cost studies submitted by Abertis, it has to be noted that they were performed in 2010, long after the investigated measures were put into effect.
Na izvzetje iz člena 106(2), ki se lahko uporabi za državno nadomestilo za stroške zagotavljanja javne storitve, se ni mogoče sklicevati niti v tem primeru na splošno niti v konkretnem primeru Baskije.
Irrespectively of whether they could be considered independent and sufficiently robust, the fact that they are subsequent to the contested measures means that such studies cannot be cited in support of the argument that the Spanish government failed to hold a technologically neutral tender.
Komisija meni, da morajo nacionalni (ali regionalni) organi jasno opredeliti storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena in za njeno izvajanje pooblastiti posebno podjetje.
In addition, the results of these studies are contradicted by cost estimations provided by Astra which demonstrate that satellite technology is more cost effective.
Kot je ocenjeno v odstavkih (119) do (122), Komisija meni, da španski in baskovski organi niso jasno opredelili upravljanja prizemne platforme kot javne storitve.
Furthermore, the investigated measure cannot be considered appropriate.
Financiranje regij, namenjeno razširitvi prizemnega omrežja, se je res začelo v zgodnjih osemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja, vendar takrat na trgu ni bilo zasebnih izdajateljev televizijskega programa.
The fact that some households in Area II receive free-to-air channels via satellite [89] demonstrates that terrestrial technology is not always the most efficient and appropriate platform.
Razširjena infrastruktura je zato služila samo potrebam javnega izdajatelja televizijskega programa, ki je imel že tako obveznost zagotavljanja signala večini prebivalstva.
It is also noted that satellite solution has been used in some other Member States [90].
Poleg tega je bila prizemna televizija takrat edina platforma za prenos televizijskega signala v Španiji.
Moreover, the fact that Astra competed in and won the technologically neutral tender for extension of digital television coverage in Cantabria suggests, at least, that satellite platform can provide this service [91].
Posledično razširitev edinega razpoložljivega omrežja ni izkrivljala konkurence z drugimi platformami.
The appropriateness of the measure is still being questioned.
Od takrat sta se zakonodaja in tehnologija razvili, nastale so nove platforme za radiodifuzijo in na trg so vstopili novi subjekti, zlasti zasebni izdajatelji televizijskega programa.
While the transition from analogue TV to DTT in the 800 MHz band was completed in Spain on 3 April 2010, in 2011 it was decided to auction the 800MHz band frequencies.
Ker so se upravičenec in splošne razmere javnega financiranja znatno spremenili, preiskovanega ukrepa ni mogoče šteti kot spremembo zgolj formalne ali upravne vrste.
As a result, it is necessary to transfer broadcasts to other channels located below 790 MHz, no later than by 1 January 2014.
Ta sprememba namreč vpliva na dejansko vsebino izvorne sheme, zato jo je treba šteti za novo shemo pomoči [96].
As this creates additional costs, on 5 November 2011 Spain notified two measures for households and broadcasters with a budget of EUR 600–800 million in Area I (no measure has yet been notified for Area II) [92].
Preklop z analogne na digitalno televizijo je postal mogoč šele po nedavnem tehnološkem napredku, zato je nov pojav.
Such cost would not have arisen if other platforms (IPTV, cable or satellite) had been chosen.
Španski organi bi morali zato priglasiti to novo pomoč.
What is more, it has been pointed out that 4G mobile frequencies LTE interfere with DTT signals, as a result of which households need to buy costly filters to protect their DTT signal from the LTE waves [93].
ZAKLJUČEK
It cannot be ruled out that similar interferences are a more general problem undermining the future appropriateness of terrestrial broadcasting, especially in the context of greater and wider roll-out of NGA networks.
Komisija meni, da financiranje (vključno s pomočjo, ki so jo dodelile španske avtonomne skupnosti in lokalne korporacije), ki ga je Španija dodelila prizemnim omrežnim operaterjem za posodobitev in digitalizacijo njihovih omrežij, prek katerih zagotavljajo nekodirane televizijske kanale na območju II, pomeni pomoč v smislu člena 107(1) PDEU.
Spain put forward two other arguments in support of the view that satellite transmission would be more expensive than DTT.
Pomoč ni združljiva s skupnim trgom, ker niso bila upoštevana merila tehnološke nevtralnosti.
Firstly, in their agreements with certain providers, broadcasters have territorial restrictions.
Poleg tega pomoč ni bila priglašena [97] Komisiji, kot je zahtevano v členu 108(3) PDEU, in se je izvajala nezakonito, brez dovoljenja Komisije.
To ensure such conditional access would be more expensive for satellite technology.
Zato jo je treba izterjati od prizemnih omrežnih operaterjev.
Secondly, satellite technology would not be equipped to broadcast a large number of regional channels.
Komisija poleg tega meni, da je nezdružljiva tudi stalna pomoč za upravljanje in vzdrževanje digitaliziranega omrežja, ki je bila dodeljena brez razpisa ali na podlagi tehnološko nenevtralnega razpisa.
These allegations have not been substantiated and are contradicted by the fact that Astra's Cantabria contract contained a professional system of conditional access.
Poleg tega pomoč ni bila priglašena Komisiji, kot je zahtevano v členu 108(3) PDEU, in se je izvajala nezakonito, brez dovoljenja Komisije.
Moreover, according to Astra's cost calculations, satellite technology would still be cheaper even if separate agreements had to be entered into with each of the Spanish regions.
Vse prihodnje pomoči za vzdrževanje in upravljanje je treba priglasiti in morajo upoštevati načelo tehnološke nevtralnosti.
As regards regional broadcasting, Astra maintains that the Spanish government's number of 1380 channels is hugely inflated [94].
IZTERJAVA
Again, according to its own calculations, the satellite option would be cheaper even if regional and local channels were included.
POTREBA PO UKINITVI POMOČI
There is also evidence that the regional governments were aware that a technological alternative existed to the extension of the terrestrial platform.
V skladu s PDEU in ustaljeno sodno prakso Sodišča je Komisija pristojna za odločanje, ali mora zadevna država članica ukiniti ali spremeniti pomoč [98], za katero je ugotovila, da je nezdružljiva z notranjim trgom.
The investigation revealed that early in the process some regions met Astra representatives.
Prav tako Sodišče dosledno meni, da je namen obveznosti države, da ukine pomoč, za katero Komisija meni, da ni združljiva z notranjim trgom, ponovna vzpostavitev prejšnjih razmer [99].
At these meetings, Astra presented to them a proposal for a satellite solution, which, however was not further explored by the regional governments.
V zvezi s tem je Sodišče odločilo, da je ta cilj dosežen, ko prejemnik odplača znesek, ki mu je bil dodeljen v okviru nezakonite pomoči, s čimer izgubi prednost, ki jo je užival glede na konkurente na trgu, ter se ponovno vzpostavijo razmere pred plačilom pomoči [100].
As regards proportionality, when designing the intervention for Area II, it would have been appropriate for the central government to first carry out a cost comparison (or tender) at the national level.
V skladu s to sodno prakso je v členu 14 Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 659/1999 [101] določeno, da „če se v primerih nezakonite pomoči sprejmejo negativne odločbe, Komisija odloči, da mora zadevna država članica sprejeti vse potrebne ukrepe, da upravičenec vrne pomoč“.
As the main cost of the satellite network arises from its satellite capacity, this platform operates with significant economies of scale [95].
Ker je financiranje posodobitve in digitalizacije prizemne platforme ter posledično vzdrževanje in upravljanje, ki se Španiji dodeljuje od obdobja 2008–2009, nezakonita in nezdružljiva pomoč, bi se moralo od Španija zato zahtevati, da izterja nezdružljivo pomoč, da se ponovno vzpostavijo razmere na trgu pred dodelitvijo pomoči.
Astra's negotiations with the regional governments show that it offered significant price reductions if several regions jointly entered into a contract.
PREJEMNIKI DRŽAVNE POMOČI IN KOLIČINSKA OPREDELITEV POMOČI
Further price reductions could therefore have been expected if a national tender had been carried out.
Operaterji platform so neposredni upravičenci, kadar neposredno prejmejo sredstva za posodobitev in razširitev svojih omrežij ter/ali za upravljanje in vzdrževanje.
Instead, by carrying out decentralised and non-harmonised measures, sometimes even at municipal level, a technology with such economies of scale was already put at a significant disadvantage.
Kadar je bila pomoč izplačana javnim podjetjem, ki so posledično organizirali razpise za razširitev pokritja, se izbrani operater platforme šteje za posrednega upravičenca.
As a result, the total amount of state aid necessary to provide digital TV services to households in Area II increased.
Nezakonita in nezdružljiva pomoč se izterja od operaterjev platforme ne glede na to, ali so neposredni ali posredni upravičenci.
While it is for Spain to decide on its administrative organisation, when providing central government funding, instead of pushing for the use of DTT, the Spanish government could at least have encouraged the Autonomous Communities to take into account in their tenders possible cost saving efficiencies available from particular platforms.
Razvrstitev razpisov
As explained above, the measure is not proportional and it is not an appropriate instrument for ensuring the coverage of free-to-air channels to the residents of Area II.
Na podlagi razpisov za razširitev pokritja se zmagovalno družbo zadolži za zagotavljanje (vključno z gradnjo) operativnega omrežja digitalne prizemne televizije.
Operation and maintenance of the networks
Potrebne naloge v ta namen vključujejo zasnovo in projektiranje omrežja, prenos signala, uporabo omrežja in dobavo potrebne opreme.
Concerning the ongoing financing granted for operation and maintenance of the subsidised networks, as this is ancillary to the deployment aid, it cannot be considered technologically neutral.
Pri razpisih za dobavo strojne opreme pa se zmagovalno družbo zadolži za zagotavljanje opreme, ki je potrebna za posodobitev omrežja.
It has been directed to the conservation of the centres that broadcast a signal via terrestrial platforms.
Potrebne naloge v ta namen vključujejo dobavo, namestitev in aktiviranje opreme ter usposabljanje zaposlenih.
Such aid is therefore also incompatible.
Za te razpise za dobavo opreme ni potrebna izterjava.
Any future aid for operation and maintenance has to be notified and has to respect the principle of technological neutrality.
Po razvrstitvi teh razpisov za razširitev pokritja mora Španija izterjati pomoč, kadar koli razpis ne izpolnjuje dveh kumulativnih pogojev:
Avoiding unnecessary distortions
razpis se nanaša na razširitev pokritja z digitalno televizijo (in ne z digitalno prizemno televizijo) ter/ali zajema klavzulo tehnološke nevtralnosti in (2) tehnične specifikacije razpisa poleg prizemne dovoljujejo tudi druge tehnologije.
While public intervention might be justified in view of the existence of certain market failures and possible cohesion problems, the way the measure is designed gives rise to unnecessary distortions of competition.
Ob razpisih, za katere Komisija meni, da so tehnološko nevtralni, bo Španija, če bo menila, da drugi razpisi izpolnjujejo oba pogoja, Komisiji predložila dokumente, povezane z razpisom.
Conclusion regarding Article 107(3)(c) of TFEU
Primer
It is concluded that the investigated measure, including the ongoing aid, is not an appropriate, necessary and proportionate instrument to remedy the identified market failure.
Med razpisi, ki jih je pregledala Komisija, je kot primer tehnološko nenevtralnega razpisa za razširitev pokritja [102] naveden razpis, ki ga je organizirala avtonomna skupnost Estremadura.
Article 106(2) TFEU
Kljub naslovu razpisa, ki se sklicuje zgolj na dobavo strojne opreme, je predmet razpisa dejansko vključeval zasnovo in uporabo omrežja [103].
The Article 106(2) exception that can apply to State compensation for the costs of providing a public service cannot be invoked neither in this case in general, nor in the case of the Basque Country in particular.
Na podlagi specifikacij je razpis tehnološko nenevtralen [104], čeprav vsebuje klavzulo, ki je na prvi pogled videti kot klavzula tehnološke nevtralnosti [105].
The Commission considers that the national (or regional) authorities have to define the SGEI clearly and entrust it to a particular undertaking.
Drugi primer tehnološko nenevtralnega razpisa za razširitev pokritja je razpis, ki ga je organiziralo javno podjetje (AICCM) v avtonomni skupnosti Madrid [106].
As assessed in paragraphs 119 to 122, it is considered that the Spanish and Basque authorities did not clearly define the operation of a terrestrial platform as a public service.
V tem primeru naslov in vsebina razpisa kažeta, da gre za razpis za razširitev [107], ki je usmerjen le na prizemno platformo [108].(187) Razpise se razvrsti ne le glede na naslov, temveč predvsem glede na vsebino, saj naslov sam ne omogoča jasne opredelitve področja uporabe.
Abertis suggests that the deployment of the terrestrial broadcasting network in Area II was financed almost entirely by the Spanish regions using public funds based on legislation dating back to 1982, i.e. prior to the date of accession of Spain to the European Economic Community in 1986.
Pomoč, ki je bila dodeljena po izvedbi nenevtralnih razpisov za razširitev pokritja, bo nato treba izterjati.
Therefore, according to Abertis, the scheme could be considered part of the ongoing public financing of the operation of local terrestrial networks and could therefore be considered as existing aid.
Prejemniki državne pomoči in izterjava
The financing of the extension of the terrestrial network by the regions indeed started in the early 1980s, but at that time there were no private broadcasters on the market.
Spodaj so opredeljene različne kategorije upravičencev pomoči.
The extended infrastructure served therefore only the needs of the public broadcaster who, in any event, had the obligation to provide its signal to the majority of the population.
Na podlagi informacij, ki jih je predložila Španija, so v tabelah navedene avtonomne skupnosti in približne kategorije pomoči.
Moreover, at that time terrestrial television was the only platform for transmitting the television signal in Spain.
Ker Španija ni predložila popolnih informacij o upravičencih pomoči, mora Španija opredeliti upravičence iz različnih zgornjih kategorij in Komisiji predložiti ustrezna dokazila.
As a result, the extension of the only available network did not create distortion of competition with other platforms.
Kot je že bilo poudarjeno v odstavku 138, je tak režim diskriminacijski.
Since then the legislation and the technology developed, leading to new broadcasting platforms and new market players, in particular private broadcasters.
Poleg tega je bila velika večina razpisov za razširitev, ki jih je pregledala Komisija, opredeljenih kot razpisi, ki ne upoštevajo načela tehnološke nevtralnosti.
Since the beneficiary and the overall circumstances of the public financing have changed substantially, the investigated measure cannot be regarded as an alteration of purely formal or administrative nature.
Kljub temu je Komisija navedla, da ni mogoče izključiti, da je bil razpis v izjemnih posameznih primerih tehnološko nevtralen.
It is rather an alteration affecting the actual substance of the original scheme and therefore is to be considered as a new aid scheme [96].
Španija mora zato na podlagi pogojev, opredeljenih v odstavku 186, navesti in zagotoviti ustrezna dokazila o posameznih razpisih, ki so bili tehnološko nevtralni.
In any case, the switch from analogue to digital TV has become possible only due to recent technological advance and it is therefore a new phenomenon.
Kadar so avtonomne skupnosti organizirale nenevtralne razpise za razširitev pokritja, kot se je zgodilo v primeru Estremadure iz zgornjega primera, so zmagovalci takih razpisov neposredni upravičenci nezakonite pomoči, ki jo je treba izterjati.
The Spanish authorities should therefore have notified this new aid.
Vsota, ki jo je treba izterjati, je enaka celotnemu znesku, ki so ga zmagovalci razpisov prejeli za razširitev.