natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
‘debtor’ means any natural or legal person in financial difficulties when there is a likelihood of insolvency;
„zavezanec“ pomeni vsako fizično ali pravno osebo v finančnih težavah, pri kateri obstaja verjetnost plačilne nesposobnosti;
‘restructuring’ means changing the composition, conditions, or structure of assets and liabilities of debtors, or a combination of those elements, with the objective of enabling the continuation, in whole or in part, of the debtors’ activity;
„prestrukturiranje“ pomeni spremembo sestave, pogojev ali strukture sredstev in obveznosti dolžnikov ali kombinacije navedenih elementov, da bi omogočil nadaljevanje, v celoti ali delno, poslovnih dejavnosti dolžnikov;
‘stay of individual enforcement actions’ means a court ordered suspension of the right to enforce a claim by a creditor against a debtor;
„ustavitev posameznih postopkov izvršbe“ pomeni sodno odreditev začasne odložitve pravice do uveljavljanja upnikovega zahtevka proti dolžniku;
‘courts’ includes any other body with competence in matters relating to preventive procedures to which the Member States have entrusted the role of the courts, and whose decisions may be subject to an appeal or review by a judicial authority.
„sodišča“ vključuje kateri koli drug organ, ki je pristojen v zadevah glede preventivnih postopkov, ki so jim države članice zaupale vlogo sodišč in katerih odločitve so lahko predmet pritožbe ali ponovne preučitve s strani sodnega organa.
PREVENTIVE RESTRUCTURING FRAMEWORK
OKVIR PREVENTIVNEGA PRESTRUKTURIRANJA
A. Availability of a preventive restructuring framework
A. Razpoložljivost okvira preventivnega prestrukturiranja
Debtors should have access to a framework which allows them to restructure their business with the objective of preventing insolvency.
Dolžniki bi morali imeti dostop do okvira, ki bi jim omogočal prestrukturiranje poslovanja, katerega cilj je preprečitev plačilne nesposobnosti.
The framework should contain the following elements:
Ta okvir bi moral vsebovati naslednje elemente:
the debtor should be able to restructure at an early stage, as soon as it is apparent that there is a likelihood of insolvency;
dolžnik bi moral imeti možnost za prestrukturiranje v zgodnji fazi, takoj ko postane jasno, da obstaja verjetnost plačilne nesposobnosti;
the debtor should keep control over the day-to-day operation of its business;
dolžnik bi moral ohraniti nadzor nad svojim rednim poslovanjem;
the debtor should be able to request a temporary stay of individual enforcement actions;
dolžnik bi moral imeti možnost zahtevati začasno ustavitev posameznih postopkov izvršbe;
a restructuring plan adopted by the majority prescribed by national law should be binding on all creditors provided that the plan is confirmed by a court;
načrt za prestrukturiranje, ki ga sprejme z nacionalno zakonodajo predpisana večina, bi moral biti zavezujoč za vse upnike, če ga potrdi sodišče;
new financing which is necessary for the implementation of a restructuring plan should not be declared void, voidable or unenforceable as an act detrimental to the general body of creditors.
novo financiranje, ki je potrebno za izvajanje načrta za prestrukturiranje, ne bi smelo biti razglašeno za nično, izpodbojno ali neizvršljivo kot dejanje, ki je v škodo vseh upnikov.
The restructuring procedure should not be lengthy and costly and it should be flexible so that more steps can be taken out-of-court.
Postopek prestrukturiranja ne bi smel biti dolgotrajen in drag ter bi moral biti prožen, tako da bi bilo mogoče več korakov opraviti izvensodno.
The involvement of the court should be limited to where it is necessary and proportionate with a view to safeguarding the rights of creditors and other interested parties affected by the restructuring plan.
Vpletenost sodišč bi morala biti omejena na primere, ko je ta nujna in sorazmerna z namenom zaščite pravic upnikov in drugih zainteresiranih strani, ki jih zadeva načrt za prestrukturiranje.
B. Facilitating negotiations on restructuring plans
B. Olajševanje pogajanj o načrtih za prestrukturiranje
Appointment of a mediator or a supervisor
Imenovanje mediatorja ali nadzornika
Debtors should be able to enter a process for restructuring their business without the need to formally open court proceedings.
Dolžniki bi morali imeti možnost vstopa v postopek prestrukturiranja, ne da bi morali uradno začeti sodni postopek.
The appointment of a mediator or a supervisor by the court should not be compulsory, but rather be made on a case-by-case basis where it considers such appointment necessary:
Imenovanje mediatorja oziroma nadzornika s strani sodišča ne bi smelo biti obvezno, ampak odvisno od vsakega posameznega primera, ko bi bilo to po mnenju sodišča potrebno:
in the case of a mediator, in order to assist the debtor and creditors in the successful running of negotiations on a restructuring plan;
v primeru mediatorja, v pomoč dolžniku in upnikom pri uspešnem vodenju pogajanj o načrtu za prestrukturiranje;
in the case of a supervisor, in order to oversee the activity of the debtor and creditors and take the necessary measures to safeguard the legitimate interests of one or more creditors or another interested party.
v primeru nadzornika, za nadziranje dejavnosti dolžnika in upnikov ter za sprejemanje potrebnih ukrepov za zaščito legitimnih interesov enega ali več upnikov oziroma tretje zainteresirane strani.
Stay of individual enforcement actions and suspension of insolvency proceedings
Začasna ustavitev posameznih postopkov izvršbe in odložitev postopkov v primeru insolventnosti
The debtors should have the right to request a court to grant a temporary stay of individual enforcement actions (hereafter ‘stay’) lodged by creditors, including secured and preferential creditors, who may otherwise hamper the prospects of a restructuring plan.
Dolžniki bi morali imeti pravico zahtevati od sodišča, naj jim odobri začasno ustavitev posameznih postopkov izvršbe (v nadaljnjem besedilu: ustavitev), ki jih začnejo upniki, vključno z zavarovanimi in prednostnimi upniki, ter bi lahko sicer ovirali možnosti za pripravo načrta za prestrukturiranje.
The stay should not interfere with the performance of ongoing contracts.
Ustavitev ne bi smela vplivati na izvedbo obstoječih pogodb.
In Member States which make the granting of the stay subject to certain conditions, debtors should be able to be granted a stay in all circumstances where:
V državah članicah, ki za odobritev ustavitve določajo nekatere pogoje, bi ne glede na okoliščine dolžniki morali imeti možnost ustavitve, če velja naslednje:
creditors representing a significant amount of the claims likely to be affected by the restructuring plan support the negotiations on the adoption of a restructuring plan; and
pogajanja o sprejetju načrta za prestrukturiranje podpirajo upniki pomembnega dela terjatev, ki bi jih načrt verjetno zadeval, ter
a restructuring plan has a reasonable prospect of being implemented and preventing the insolvency of the debtor.
obstaja precejšna verjetnost, da bo načrt za prestrukturiranje izveden in bo preprečil plačilno nesposobnost dolžnika.
Where provided for in the laws of the Member States, the obligation of the debtor to file for insolvency, as well as applications by creditors requesting the opening of insolvency proceedings against the debtor lodged after the stay has been granted should also be suspended for the duration of the stay.
Kadar tako določa pravo držav članic, bi bilo treba v obdobju ustavitve odložiti tudi dolžnikovo obveznost, da predlaga stečaj, in zahteve upnikov po uvedbi postopkov v primeru insolventnosti proti dolžniku, vložene po odobritvi ustavitve.
The duration of the stay should strike a fair balance between the interests of the debtor and of creditors, and in particular secured creditors.
Pri določitvi trajanja ustavitve bi bilo treba pravično in uravnoteženo upoštevati interese dolžnika in upnikov, zlasti zavarovanih.
The duration of the stay should therefore be determined on the basis of the complexity of the anticipated restructuring, and should not exceed 4 months.
Obdobje ustavitve, ki ne bi smelo presegati štirih mesecev, bi bilo zato treba določiti glede na kompleksnost predvidenega prestrukturiranja.
Member States may provide that the period can be renewed upon evidence of progress in the negotiations on a restructuring plan.
Države članice lahko določijo, da se obdobje podaljša, če se pri pogajanjih o načrtu za prestrukturiranje kaže napredek.
The total duration of the stay should not exceed 12 months.
Celotno trajanje ustavitve ne bi smelo biti daljše od 12 mesecev.
When the stay is no longer necessary with a view to facilitating the adoption of a restructuring plan, the stay should be lifted.
Ko ustavitev ni več potrebna za olajšanje sprejetja načrta za prestrukturiranje, bi jo bilo treba odpraviti.
C. Restructuring plans
C. Načrti za prestrukturiranje
Contents of restructuring plans
Vsebina načrtov za prestrukturiranje
Member States should ensure that courts can confirm plans with expediency and in principle in written procedure.
Države članice bi morale zagotoviti, da sodišča lahko potrdijo načrte učinkovito in načeloma v pisnem postopku.
They should lay down clear and specific provisions on the content of restructuring plans.
Določiti bi morale jasne in natančne določbe o vsebini načrtov za prestrukturiranje.
Restructuring plans should contain a detailed description of the following elements:
Načrti za prestrukturiranje bi morali vsebovati podroben opis naslednjih elementov:
clear and complete identification of the creditors who would be affected by the plan;
jasne in popolne opredelitve upnikov, ki bi jih načrt zadeval;
the effects of the proposed restructuring on individual debts or categories of debts;
posledic predlaganega prestrukturiranja za posamezne dolgove ali kategorije dolgov;
the position taken by affected creditors on the restructuring plan;
stališča prizadetih upnikov glede načrta za prestrukturiranje;
where applicable, the conditions for new financing; and
pogojev novega financiranja, kadar je to primerno, ter
the potential of the plan to prevent the insolvency of the debtor and ensure the viability of the business.
možnosti načrta, da prepreči plačilno nesposobnost dolžnika in zagotovi sposobnost podjetja za preživetje.
Adoption of restructuring plans by creditors
Sprejetje načrtov za prestrukturiranje s strani upnikov
To increase the prospects of restructuring and therefore the number of viable businesses being rescued, it should be possible to adopt a restructuring plan by the affected creditors, including secured and unsecured creditors.
Da bi izboljšali možnosti za prestrukturiranje in s tem število rešenih podjetij, sposobnih preživetja, bi morali prizadeti upniki, tako zavarovani kot nezavarovani, imeti možnost, da sprejmejo načrt za prestrukturiranje.
Creditors with different interests should be treated in separate classes which reflect those interests.
Upniki z različnimi interesi bi morali biti obravnavani v ločenih razredih, ki odražajo te interese.
As a minimum, there should be separate classes for secured and unsecured creditors.
Urediti je treba najmanj dva ločena razreda, za zavarovane in nezavarovane upnike.
A restructuring plan should be adopted by the majority in the amount of creditors’ claims in each class, as prescribed by national law.
Načrt za prestrukturiranje bi morali v vsakem posameznem razredu sprejeti upniki, ki imajo večino glede na znesek terjatev, skladno z nacionalno zakonodajo.
Where there are more than two classes of creditors, Member States should be able to maintain or introduce provisions which empower courts to confirm restructuring plans which are supported by a majority of those classes of creditors, taking into account in particular the weight of the claims of the respective classes of creditors.
Če je razredov upnikov več kot dva, bi države članice morale imeti možnost ohraniti ali uvesti določbe, ki sodišča pooblastijo za potrditev načrtov za prestrukturiranje, če jih podpira večina razredov upnikov, ob upoštevanju zlasti teže terjatev v posameznih razredih upnikov.
Creditors should enjoy a level playing field irrespective of where they are located.
Upniki bi morali imeti enake konkurenčne pogoje ne glede na svojo lokacijo.
Therefore, where the laws of the Member States require a formal voting process, creditors should in principle be allowed to vote by distance means of communication such as registered letter or secure electronic technologies.
V državah članicah, katerih zakonodaja zahteva formalen postopek glasovanja, bi upnikom zato načeloma morali omogočiti glasovanje z uporabo sredstev za komuniciranje na daljavo, na primer priporočene pošte ali varnih elektronskih tehnologij.
To make the adoption of restructuring plans more effective, Member States should also ensure that it is possible for restructuring plans to be adopted by certain creditors or certain types or classes of creditors only, provided that other creditors are not affected.
Da bi bilo sprejemanje načrtov za prestrukturiranje učinkovitejše, bi morale države članice tudi zagotoviti možnost, da načrte za prestrukturiranje sprejmejo samo določeni upniki oziroma samo določeni razredi upnikov, kadar to ne vpliva na ostale upnike.
Court confirmation of the restructuring plan
Sodna potrditev načrta za prestrukturiranje
To ensure that the rights of creditors are not unduly affected by a restructuring plan and in the interest of legal certainty, restructuring plans which affect the interests of dissenting creditors or make provision for new financing should be confirmed by a court in order to become binding.
Da bi zagotovili, da načrt za prestrukturiranje ne vpliva neupravičeno na pravice upnikov, in v interesu pravne varnosti bi načrti za prestrukturiranje, ki vplivajo na interese upnikov, ki nanj niso pristali, ali ki določajo novo financiranje, morali postati zavezujoči šele, ko jih potrdi sodišče.
The conditions under which a restructuring plan can be confirmed by a court should be clearly specified in the laws of the Member States and should include at least the following:
Pogoji, pod katerimi lahko načrt prestrukturiranja potrdi sodišče, bi morali biti v zakonodaji držav članic jasno opredeljeni in bi morali zajemati vsaj naslednje:
the restructuring plan has been adopted in conditions which ensure the protection of the legitimate interests of creditors;
načrt za prestrukturiranje je bil sprejet v okoliščinah, ki zagotavljajo varovanje legitimnih interesov upnikov;
the restructuring plan has been notified to all creditors likely to be affected by it;
o načrtu za prestrukturiranje so bili obveščeni vsi upniki, ki jih bo ta verjetno zadeval;
the restructuring plan does not reduce the rights of dissenting creditors below what they would reasonably be expected to receive in the absence of the restructuring, if the debtor’s business was liquidated or sold as a going concern, as the case may be;
načrt za prestrukturiranje pravic upnikov, ki nanj niso pristali, ne zmanjša na raven, ki bi jo upravičeno lahko pričakovali, če podjetje ne bi bilo prestrukturirano, če bi bila dolžnikova sredstva odprodana ali v primeru prodaje dolžnikovega delujočega podjetja;
any new financing foreseen in the restructuring plan is necessary to implement the plan and does not unfairly prejudice the interests of dissenting creditors.
morebitno novo financiranje, predvideno v načrtu za prestrukturiranje, je potrebno za izvedbo načrta in ne vpliva nepravično na interese upnikov, ki nanj niso pristali.
Member States should ensure that courts can reject restructuring plans which clearly do not have any prospect of preventing the insolvency of the debtor and ensuring the viability of the business, for example because new financing needed to continue its activity is not foreseen.
Države članice bi morale zagotoviti, da sodišča lahko zavrnejo načrte za prestrukturiranje, ki očitno ne morejo preprečiti plačilne nesposobnosti dolžnika in zagotoviti zmožnosti podjetja za preživetje, ker na primer ni predvideno novo financiranje, ki je sicer potrebno za nadaljevanje njegove poslovne dejavnosti.
Rights of creditors
Pravice upnikov
All creditors likely to be affected by the restructuring plan should be notified of the content of the plan and given the right to formulate objections and to appeal against the restructuring plan.
O vsebini načrta za prestrukturiranje bi morali biti obveščeni vsi upniki, ki jih bo ta verjetno zadeval. Prav tako bi morali imeti pravico do ugovora ali pritožbe zoper načrt za prestrukturiranje.
Nevertheless, in the interest of the creditors supporting the plan, the appeal should not in principle suspend the implementation of the restructuring plan.
Kljub temu pa zaradi interesa upnikov, ki načrt podpirajo, pritožba ne bi smela zadržati izvajanja načrta za prestrukturiranje.
Effects of a restructuring plan
Učinki načrta za prestrukturiranje
The restructuring plans which are adopted by the unanimity of affected creditors should be binding on all those affected creditors.
Načrti za prestrukturiranje, ki jih prizadeti upniki sprejmejo soglasno, bi morali biti zavezujoči za vse med njimi.
The restructuring plans which are confirmed by a court should be binding upon each creditor affected by and identified in the plan.
Načrti za prestrukturiranje, ki jih potrdi sodišče, bi morali postati zavezujoči za vse upnike, ki jih načrt zadeva in opredeljuje.
D. Protection for new financing
D. Zaščita novega financiranja
New financing, including new loans, selling of certain assets by the debtor and debt-equity swaps, agreed upon in the restructuring plan and confirmed by a court should not be declared void, voidable or unenforceable as an act detrimental to the general body of creditors.
Novo financiranje, vključno z novimi posojili, dolžnikovo prodajo nekaterih sredstev in pretvorbami dolga v lastniške deleže, ki je dogovorjeno v načrtu za prestrukturiranje in ga potrdi sodišče, ne bi smelo biti razglašeno za nično, izpodbojno ali neizvršljivo kot dejanje, ki je v škodo vseh upnikov.
Providers of new financing as part of a restructuring plan which is confirmed by a court should be exempted from civil and criminal liability relating to the restructuring process.
Kdor zagotovi novo financiranje kot del načrta za prestrukturiranje, ki ga potrdi sodišče, bi moral biti izvzet iz civilne in kazenske odgovornosti v zvezi z zadevnim postopkom prestrukturiranja.
Exceptions to the rules on protection of new financing should be made where fraud is subsequently established in relation to the new financing.
Omogočiti je treba izjeme od pravil o zaščiti novega financiranja, če se naknadno odkrijejo goljufije v zvezi z njim.
SECOND CHANCE FOR ENTREPRENEURS
DRUGA PRILOŽNOST ZA PODJETNIKE
Discharge periods
Preizkusna doba za odpust dolgov
The negative effects of bankruptcy on entrepreneurs should be limited in order to give them a second chance.
Da bi podjetnikom lahko dali drugo priložnost, bi bilo treba omejiti negativen učinek stečaja nanje.
Entrepreneurs should be fully discharged of their debts which were subject of a bankruptcy after no later than 3 years starting from:
Podjetnikom, pri katerih je bil opravljen stečajni postopek, bi morali dolgove odpustiti v celoti najpozneje v treh letih od:
in the case of a procedure ending with the liquidation of the debtor’s assets, the date on which the court decided on the application to open bankruptcy proceedings;
dne, ko je sodišče odločilo o zahtevi za začetek stečajnega postopka, če gre za postopek, ki se konča z odprodajo dolžnikovih sredstev;
in the case of a procedure which includes a repayment plan, the date on which implementation of the repayment plan started.
dne začetka izvajanja načrta za odplačilo dolga, če gre za postopek, ki vključuje tak načrt.
On expiry of the discharge period, entrepreneurs should be discharged of their debts without the need in principle to re-apply to a court.
Ob poteku preizkusne dobe za odpust dolgov bi moral biti dolg podjetnikom načeloma odpuščen samodejno, ne da bi morali za to še enkrat zaprositi sodišče.
A full discharge after a short period of time is not appropriate in all circumstances.
Popoln odpust dolga po kratkem obdobju ni primeren v vseh okoliščinah.
Member States should therefore be able to maintain or introduce more stringent provisions which are necessary to:
Države članice bi morale zato imeti možnost, da ohranijo ali uvedejo strožje določbe, ki so potrebne za:
discourage entrepreneurs who have acted dishonestly or in bad faith, either before or after the bankruptcy proceedings were opened;
odvračanje podjetnikov, ki so delovali nepošteno ali v slabi veri, bodisi pred ali po začetku stečajnega postopka;
discourage entrepreneurs who do not adhere to a repayment plan or to any other legal obligation aimed at safeguarding the interests of creditors; or
odvračanje podjetnikov, ki ne spoštujejo načrta za odplačilo dolga ali druge pravne obveznosti, katere namen je varovati interese upnikov, ali
safeguard the livelihood of the entrepreneur and his family by allowing the entrepreneur to keep certain assets.
varovanje sposobnosti preživljanja podjetnika in njegove družine, tako da se podjetniku omogoči, da obdrži nekatera sredstva.
Member States may exclude specific categories of debt, such as those rising out of tortious liability, from the rule of full discharge.
Države članice lahko iz pravila o odpustu celotnega dolga izvzamejo določene kategorije dolga, na primer dolg, ki izhaja iz odškodninske odgovornosti.
V. SUPERVISION AND REPORTING
V. NADZOR IN POROČANJE
The Member States are invited to implement the principles set out in this Recommendation by 14 March 2015.
Države članice so pozvane, naj načela iz tega priporočila uveljavijo najpozneje do 14. marca 2015.
The Member States are invited to collect reliable annual statistics on the number of preventive restructuring procedures opened, the length of procedures and information about the size of the debtors involved and the outcome of the procedures opened, and to communicate that information to the Commission on an annual basis and for the first time by 14 March 2015.
Države članice so prav tako pozvane, naj zbirajo zanesljive letne statistične podatke o številu postopkov preventivnega prestrukturiranja, dolžini postopkov ter o velikosti zadevnih dolžnikov in rezultatih začetih postopkov ter naj navedene informacije Komisiji posredujejo vsako leto, prvič pa najpozneje do 14. marca 2015.
The Commission will assess also whether additional measures to consolidate and strengthen the approach reflected in this Recommendation should be proposed.
Komisija bo tudi ocenila, ali bi bilo treba predlagati nadaljnje ukrepe za utrditev in okrepitev pristopa, izraženega v tem priporočilu.
Council Regulation (EC) No 1346/2000 of 29 May 2000 on insolvency proceedings (OJ L 160, 30.6.2000, p. 1).
Uredba Sveta (ES) št. 1346/2000 z dne 29. maja 2000 o postopkih v primeru insolventnosti (UL L 160, 30.6.2000, str. 1).
European Parliament Resolution of 15 November 2011 with recommendations to the Commission on insolvency proceedings in the context of EU company law, P7_TA (2011) 0484.
Resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 15. novembra 2011 s priporočili Komisiji o postopkih v primeru insolventnosti v okviru prava družb EU, P7_TA (2011) 0484.
The Commission will assess the implementation of this Recommendation in the Member States by 14 September 2015.
Komisija bo izvajanje tega priporočila po državah članicah ocenila do 14. septembra 2015.