natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Pressure limiting devices
Lastnosti stalnih spojev so vsaj take kakor minimalne lastnosti spojenih materialov, razen če so drugačne vrednosti teh lastnosti stalnih spojev upoštevane v projektnih izračunih.
These devices shall be so designed that the pressure will not permanently exceed the maximum allowable pressure PS;
Pri proizvodnji tlačne opreme stalne spoje sestavnih delov, ki prispevajo k tlačni odpornosti opreme, in drugih, neposredno pritrjenih nanje, v skladu z ustreznimi delovnimi postopki izvaja ustrezno usposobljeno osebje.
however a short duration pressure surge in keeping with the specifications laid down in point 7.3 is allowable, where appropriate.
Pri tlačni opremi kategorij II, III in IV delovne postopke in osebje odobri neodvisna zunanja organizacija, ki je po presoji proizvajalca lahko:
Temperature monitoring devices
priglašeni organ,
These devices shall have an adequate response time on safety grounds, consistent with the measurement function.
priznana neodvisna organizacija, ki jo priznava država članica, kakor je opredeljeno v členu 20.
External fire
V okviru take odobritve priznana neodvisna organizacija opravi preglede in preskuse, kakršne predpisujejo ustrezni usklajeni standardi, ali enakovredne preglede in preskuse ali pa poskrbi za njihovo izvedbo.
Where necessary, pressure equipment shall be so designed and, where appropriate, fitted with suitable accessories, or provision made for their fitting, to meet damage-limitation requirements in the event of external fire, having particular regard to its intended use.
Neporušitveni preskusi
MANUFACTURING
Pri tlačni opremi neporušitvene preskuse stalnih spojev opravlja ustrezno usposobljeno osebje.
Manufacturing procedures
Pri tlačni opremi kategorije III in IV osebje potrdi priznana neodvisna organizacija, ki jo priznava država članica, kakor je opredeljeno v členu 20.
The manufacturer shall ensure the competent execution of the provisions set out at the design stage by applying the appropriate techniques and relevant procedures, especially with a view to the aspects set out below.
Toplotna obdelava
Preparation of the component parts
Če obstaja nevarnost, da bo proizvodni postopek toliko spremenil lastnosti materiala, da bi lahko bila ogrožena varnost tlačne opreme, se v ustrezni fazi proizvodnje opravi primerna toplotna obdelava.
Preparation of the component parts (e.g. forming and chamfering) shall not give rise to defects or cracks or changes in the mechanical characteristics likely to be detrimental to the safety of the pressure equipment.
Sledljivost
Permanent joining
Treba je ustrezno vzpostaviti in izvajati primerne postopke za identificiranje materialov, iz katerih so izdelane tiste sestavine opreme, ki prispevajo k tlačni odpornosti, od prevzema, prek proizvodnje do končnih preskusov izdelane tlačne opreme.
Permanent joints and adjacent zones shall be free of any surface or internal defects detrimental to the safety of the equipment.
Končna presoja
The properties of permanent joints shall meet the minimum properties specified for the materials to be joined unless other relevant property values are specifically taken into account in the design calculations.
Opravi se končna presoja tlačne opreme, opisana v nadaljevanju.
For pressure equipment, permanent joining of components which contribute to the pressure resistance of equipment and components which are directly attached to them shall be carried out by suitably qualified personnel according to suitable operating procedures.
Končni pregled
For pressure equipment in categories II, III and IV, operating procedures and personnel shall be approved by a competent third party which, at the manufacturer’s discretion, may be:
Opravi se končni pregled tlačne opreme, katerega namen je, da se vizualno in ob spremni dokumentaciji ugotovi skladnost z zahtevami te direktive.
a notified body,
Pri tem pregledu se lahko upoštevajo tudi preskusi, opravljeni med izdelavo.
a third-party organisation recognised by a Member State as provided for in Article 20.
Če je treba, se zaradi varnosti opravi pregled zunanjosti in notranjosti vsakega dela opreme, kjer je to potrebno, že med izdelavo (npr. kjer pregledovanje med končnim pregledom ni več mogoče).
To carry out these approvals the third party must perform examinations and tests as set out in the appropriate harmonised standards or equivalent examinations and tests or shall have them performed.
Preskus tesnosti
Non-destructive tests
Končna presoja tlačne opreme vključuje tudi preskus z vidika zadrževanja tlaka, ki je navadno opravljen kot hidrostatični tlačni preskus s tlakom vsaj enake vrednosti, kjer to pride v poštev, kakor je navedena v točki 7.4.
For pressure equipment, non-destructive tests of permanent joints shall be carried out by suitable qualified personnel.
Pri serijsko izdelani tlačni opremi kategorije I lahko to preskušanje poteka na statistični podlagi.
For pressure equipment in categories III and IV, the personnel shall be approved by a third-party organisation recognised by a Member State pursuant to Article 20.
Kadar je preskus s hidrostatičnim tlakom škodljiv ali neizvedljiv, so lahko opravljeni drugi veljavni preskusi.
Heat treatment
Pred izvedbo drugega preskusa namesto preskusa s hidrostatičnim tlakom se izvedejo dodatni ukrepi, na primer neporušitveni preskusi ali drugi enakovredni postopki.
Where there is a risk that the manufacturing process will change the material properties to an extent which would impair the safety of the pressure equipment, suitable heat treatment shall be applied at the appropriate stage of manufacture.
Pregled varnostnih naprav
Traceability
Pri sklopih končna presoja obsega tudi preverjanje varnostnih naprav, s čimer naj bi se ugotovila njihova popolna skladnost z zahtevami, navedenimi v točki 2.10.
Suitable procedures shall be established and maintained for identifying the material making up the components of the equipment which contribute to pressure resistance by suitable means from receipt, through production, up to the final test of the manufactured pressure equipment.
Oznake in napisi
Final assessment
Poleg oznake CE, navedene v členih 18 in 19, ter informacij, ki jih je treba posredovati v skladu s členom 6(6) in členom 8(3), se navedejo naslednje informacije:
Pressure equipment shall be subjected to final assessment as described below.
pri vsej tlačni opremi:
Final inspection
leto izdelave,
Pressure equipment shall undergo a final inspection to assess visually and by examination of the accompanying documents compliance with the requirements of this Directive.
identifikacijski podatki tlačne opreme v skladu z njeno vrsto, na primer tip, številka serije ali šarže in serijska številka,
Test carried out during manufacture may be taken into account.
glavne spodnje in zgornje dovoljene vrednosti;
As far as is necessary on safety grounds, the final inspection shall be carried out internally and externally on every part of the equipment, where appropriate in the course of manufacture (e.g. where examination during the final inspection is no longer possible).
odvisno od tipa tlačne opreme, dodatne informacije, potrebne za varno vgradnjo, obratovanje ali rabo, ter po potrebi vzdrževalni in redni pregledi, na primer:
Proof test
prostornina V tlačne opreme v litrih,
Final assessment of pressure equipment shall include a test for the pressure containment aspect, which will normally take the form of a hydrostatic pressure test at a pressure at least equal, where appropriate, to the value laid down in point 7.4.
imenska mera cevnih napeljav DN,
For category I series-produced pressure equipment, this test may be performed on a statistical basis.
preskusni tlak PT v barih in datum preskusa s tem tlakom,
Where the hydrostatic pressure test is harmful or impractical, other tests of a recognised value may be carried out.
tlak nastavitve varnostnih naprav v barih,
For tests other than the hydrostatic pressure test, additional measures, such as non-destructive tests or other methods of equivalent validity, shall be applied before those tests are carried out.
izhodna moč tlačne opreme v kW,
Inspection of safety devices
napajalna napetost v V (voltih),
For assemblies, the final assessment shall also include a check of the safety devices intended to check full compliance with the requirements referred to in point 2.10.
predvidena uporaba,
Marking and labelling
razmerje polnjenja kg/l,
In addition to the CE marking referred to in Articles 18 and 19 and the information to be provided in accordance with Article 6(6) and Article 8(3), the following information shall be provided:
največja masa polnjenja v kilogramih,
for all pressure equipment:
masa prazne opreme (tara) v kilogramih,
the year of manufacture,
skupina fluida;
identification of the pressure equipment according to its nature, such as type, series or batch identification and serial number,
če je treba, na tlačno opremo pritrjena opozorila o možni neustrezni rabi, do katere bi po izkušnjah lahko prišlo.
essential maximum/minimum allowable limits.
Informacije iz točk (a), (b) in (c) so navedene na sami tlačni opremi ali na ploščici s podatki, trdno pritrjeni na tlačno opremo, z naslednjimi izjemami:
depending on the type of pressure equipment, further information necessary for safe installation, operation or use and, where applicable, maintenance and periodic inspection such as:
kadar je potrebno, se lahko uporabi ustrezna dokumentacija, da se izognemo ponavljanju oznak na posameznih sestavinah, npr. na ceveh, namenjenih istemu sklopu;
the volume V of the pressure equipment in L,
kadar je tlačna oprema premajhna, npr. armature, so lahko te informacije navedene na ploščici s podatki, pritrjeni na tlačno opremo;
the nominal size for piping DN,
za maso polnjenja in opozorila, navedena v točki (c), so lahko uporabljene ploščice s podatki ali drugo ustrezno označevanje, če ostanejo taki podatki čitljivi primerno dolgo.
the test pressure PT applied in bar and date,
Navodila za uporabo
safety device set pressure in bar,
Ko je tlačna oprema dostopna na trgu, je opremljena z navodili za uporabnika, če so ta pomembna, ki morajo vsebovati vse potrebne varnostne informacije o:
output of the pressure equipment in kW,
montaži, vključno s sestavljanjem delov tlačne opreme,
supply voltage in V (volts),
zagonu,
intended use,
uporabi,
filling ratio kg/L,
vzdrževanju, vključno s preverjanjem, ki ga mora opravljati uporabnik;
maximum filling mass in kg,
navodila vsebujejo tudi informacije, pritrjene na tlačno opremo v skladu s točko 3.3, razen serijskih podatkov, po potrebi pa so jim priloženi tehnična dokumentacija, načrti in diagrami, potrebni za popolno razumevanje teh navodil;
tare mass in kg,
po potrebi ta navodila navajajo tudi tveganje, ki bi ga povzročila neustrezna uporaba v skladu s točko 1.3, ter posebne značilnosti zasnove v skladu s točko 2.2.3.
the fluid group.
MATERIALI
where necessary, warnings fixed to the pressure equipment drawing attention to misuse which experience has shown might occur.
Materiali, uporabljeni pri izdelavi tlačne opreme, so primerni za predvideno rabo in življenjsko dobo opreme, razen če je predvideno menjavanje.
The information referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) shall be given on the pressure equipment or on a dataplate firmly attached to it, with the following exceptions:
Varilni materiali in drugi materiali za spoje morajo primerno izpolnjevati ustrezne zahteve iz točk 4.1, 4.2(a) in prvega odstavka točke 4.3, posamično in v izvedenem spoju.
where applicable, appropriate documentation may be used to avoid repetitive marking of individual parts such as piping components, intended for the same assembly,
Materiali za tlačne dele:
where the pressure equipment is too small, e.g. accessories, this information may be given on a label attached to that pressure equipment,
imajo ustrezne lastnosti za vse obratovalne okoliščine, ki jih je mogoče razumno predvideti, in za vse preskusne razmere, zlasti morajo biti dovolj duktilni in žilavi.
labelling or other adequate means may be used for the mass to be filled and the warnings referred to in point (c), provided it remains legible for the appropriate period of time.
Kjer pride v poštev, lastnosti materialov izpolnjujejo zahteve iz točke 7.5.
Operating instructions
Nadalje je treba posvetiti posebno skrb izbiri materialov s stališča preprečevanja zlomov zaradi krhkosti, kjer je to potrebno;
When pressure equipment is made available on the market, it shall be accompanied, as far as relevant, with instructions for the user, containing all the necessary safety information relating to:
kjer je iz posebnih razlogov treba uporabiti krhke materiale, pa se izvedejo ustrezni ukrepi;
mounting including assembling of different pieces of pressure equipment,
so dovolj kemično odporni proti fluidom, ki bodo v tlačni opremi;
putting into service,
kemične in fizikalne lastnosti, potrebne za obratovalno varnost, v predvideni življenjski dobi opreme niso pomembno prizadete;
use,
niso pomembno občutljivi za staranje;
maintenance including checks by the user.
so primerni za predvidene postopke obdelave;
Instructions shall cover information affixed to the pressure equipment in accordance with point 3.3, with the exception of serial identification, and shall be accompanied, where appropriate, by the technical documents, drawings and diagrams necessary for a full understanding of these instructions.
so izbrani tako, da ne pride do pomembnih nezaželenih učinkov pri združevanju različnih materialov.
If appropriate, these instructions shall also refer to risks arising from misuse in accordance with point 1.3 and particular features of the design in accordance with point 2.2.3.
Proizvajalec tlačne opreme:
MATERIALS
ustrezno opredeli vrednosti, potrebne za projektne izračune, navedene v točki 2.2.3, ter glavne lastnosti materialov in njihove obdelave, navedene v točki 4.1;
Materials used for the manufacture of pressure equipment shall be suitable for such application during the scheduled lifetime unless replacement is foreseen.
v tehnični dokumentaciji navede elemente, ki se nanašajo na skladnost s specifikacijami materialov v tej direktivi, v eni od naslednjih oblik:
Welding consumables and other joining materials need to fulfil only the relevant requirements of points 4.1, 4.2(a) and the first paragraph of point 4.3, in an appropriate way, both individually and in a joined structure.
z uporabo materialov, skladnih s harmoniziranimi standardi,
Materials for pressurised parts shall:
z uporabo materialov, ki jih zajema evropska odobritev materialov za tlačno opremo v skladu s členom 15,
have appropriate properties for all operating conditions which are reasonably foreseeable and for all test conditions, and in particular they should be sufficiently ductile and tough.
s posebno oceno materialov;
Where appropriate, the characteristics of the materials shall comply with the requirements of point 7.5.
za tlačno opremo kategorije III in IV posebno oceno določenih materialov opravi priglašeni organ, pristojen za postopke ugotavljanja skladnosti tlačne opreme.
Moreover, due care should be exercised in particular in selecting materials in order to prevent brittle-type fracture where necessary;
Proizvajalec opreme ustrezno ukrepa, da zagotovi skladnost uporabljenih materialov z zahtevanimi specifikacijami.
where for specific reasons brittle material has to be used appropriate measures shall be taken;
Izrecno od proizvajalcev materialov za vse materiale pridobi dokumentirano potrditev skladnosti s specifikacijo.
be sufficiently chemically resistant to the fluid contained in the pressure equipment;
Za glavne na tlak obremenjene dele opreme kategorij II, III in IV je ta dokumentacija v obliki certifikata posebne kontrole proizvoda.
the chemical and physical properties necessary for operational safety shall not be significantly affected within the scheduled lifetime of the equipment;
Če ima proizvajalec materiala vzpostavljen ustrezen sistem zagotavljanja kakovosti, potrjen od pristojnega organa s sedežem v Uniji, in če je opravil posebno presojo materialov, veljajo certifikati, ki jih izda proizvajalec, kot certifikati skladnosti z ustreznimi zahtevami iz te točke.
not be significantly affected by ageing;
POSEBNE ZAHTEVE ZA TLAČNO OPREMO
be suitable for the intended processing procedures;
Poleg ustreznih zahtev iz točk 1 do 4 veljajo za tlačno opremo, obravnavano v točkah 5 in 6, še naslednje zahteve.
be selected in order to avoid significant undesirable effects when the various materials are put together.
KURJENA ALI DRUGAČE SEGREVANA TLAČNA OPREMA, PRI KATERI OBSTAJA NEVARNOST PREGREVANJA, NAVEDENA V ČLENU 4(1)
The pressure equipment manufacturer shall:
Med tako tlačno opremo spadajo:
define in an appropriate manner the values necessary for the design calculations referred to in point 2.2.3 and the essential characteristics of the materials and their treatment referred to in point 4.1;
naprave za pridobivanje pare in vroče vode, navedene v členu 4(1)(b), na primer kurjeni parni ali vročevodni kotli, pregrevalniki ali dogrevalniki, kotli za izkoriščanje odpadne toplote, kotli za sežiganje odpadkov, električno elektrodno ali potopno greti kotli, tlačne kuhalne posode, skupaj z armaturami, in, kjer pride v poštev, sistemi za pripravo vode in dovod goriva,
provide in his technical documentation elements relating to compliance with the materials specifications of this Directive in one of the following forms:
procesna grelna oprema za pridobivanje drugih vročih medijev (ne vroče vode ali pare), ki jih obravnava člen 4(1)(a), na primer grelniki v kemičnih in drugih podobnih procesih ter tlačna oprema za obdelavo hrane.
by using materials which comply with harmonised standards,
Ta tlačna oprema je preračunana, načrtovana in izdelana tako, da je odpravljena ali kar najbolj zmanjšana nevarnost pomembne izgube zmožnosti zadrževanja zaradi pregrevanja.
by using materials covered by a European approval of pressure equipment materials in accordance with Article 15,
Kjer to pride v poštev, se izrecno zagotovi:
by a particular material appraisal;
da so na razpolago ustrezne možnosti zaščite, ki omejujejo obratovalne parametre, na primer dovod ali odjem toplote, in kjer pride v poštev, raven fluida, tako da je odpravljeno vse tveganje za lokalno ali splošno pregrevanje,
The equipment manufacturer shall take appropriate measures to ensure that the material used conforms with the required specification.
da je na razpolago dovolj možnosti preprečevanja nevarnosti ali poškodb zaradi usedlin,
In particular, documentation prepared by the material manufacturer affirming compliance with a specification shall be obtained for all materials.
da so na razpolago možnosti odvoda preostale toplote po ugasnitvi,
For the main pressure-bearing parts of equipment in categories II, III and IV, this shall take the form of a certificate of specific product control.
da so izvedeni vsi ukrepi za preprečitev nevarnega kopičenja vnetljivih zmesi gorljivih snovi in zraka ali povratnih udarcev plamena.
Where a material manufacturer has an appropriate quality-assurance system, certified by a competent body established within the Union and having undergone a specific assessment for materials, certificates issued by the manufacturer are presumed to certify conformity with the relevant requirements of this point.
CEVNE NAPELJAVE, NAVEDENE V ČLENU 4(1)(c)
SPECIFIC PRESSURE EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
Načrtovanje in izdelava zagotovita:
In addition to the applicable requirements of points 1 to 4, the following requirements apply to the pressure equipment covered by points 5 and 6.
da je nevarnost prenapetosti zaradi nedopustnega prostega premikanja ali nastanka prevelikih sil, npr. na prirobnicah, spojih, mehovih ali gibljivih ceveh, dovolj omejena z ukrepi, kot so podpore, omejilniki, sidra, poravnanost in prednapenjanje;
FIRED OR OTHERWISE HEATED PRESSURE EQUIPMENT WITH A RISK OF OVERHEATING AS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 4(1)
da so tam, kjer se lahko pojavi notranja kondenzacija v ceveh za prenos plinskih medijev, na razpolago možnosti za odvod kapljevin in odstranjevanje usedlin na nižjih mestih napeljav, tako da se prepreči škoda zaradi hidravličnih udarov ali korozije;
This pressure equipment includes:
da je primerno upoštevana nevarnost, ki jo povzroča staranje materialov zaradi tresljajev cevi;
steam and hot-water generators as referred to in Article 4(1)(b), such as fired steam and hot-water boilers, superheaters and reheaters, waste-heat boilers, waste incineration boilers, electrode or immersion-type electrically heated boilers, pressure cookers, together with their accessories and where applicable their systems for treatment of feedwater and for fuel supply,
da so tam, kjer je v ceveh določen fluid skupine 1, na razpolago ustrezne možnosti za osamitev „odjemnih“ cevi, katerih velikost povzroča pomembno nevarnost;
process-heating equipment for other than steam and hot water generation falling under Article 4(1)(a), such as heaters for chemical and other similar processes and pressurised food-processing equipment.
da je kar najbolj zmanjšana nevarnost nehotenega izlitja;
This pressure equipment shall be calculated, designed and constructed so as to avoid or minimise risks of a significant loss of containment from overheating.
odjemna mesta so jasno označena na strani trajne navzočnosti medija, naveden je tudi fluid v ceveh;
In particular it shall be ensured, where applicable, that:
da sta položaj in potek podzemnih cevovodov zapisana vsaj v tehnični dokumentaciji, tako da so možni varno vzdrževanje, pregledovanje in popravljanje.
appropriate means of protection are provided to restrict operating parameters such as heat input, heat take-off and, where applicable, fluid level so as to avoid any risk of local and general overheating;
POSEBNE KVANTITATIVNE ZAHTEVE ZA DOLOČENO TLAČNO OPREMO
sampling points are provided where required to allow evaluation of the properties of the fluid so as to avoid risks related to deposits and/or corrosion;
Naslednje določbe veljajo kot splošna pravila.
adequate provisions are made to eliminate risks of damage from deposits;
Če niso uporabljena, tudi kadar uporabljeni materiali niso izrecno navedeni ali ni uporabljen noben harmonizirani standard, proizvajalec dokaže, da je izvedel ustrezne ukrepe za doseganje enakovredne skupne ravni varnosti.
means of safe removal of residual heat after shutdown are provided;
Določbe, navedene v tem oddelku, dopolnjujejo bistvene varnostne zahteve točk 1 do 6 za tlačno opremo, za katero veljajo.
steps are taken to avoid a dangerous accumulation of ignitable mixtures of combustible substances and air, or flame blowback.
Dopustne napetosti
PIPING AS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 4(1)(c)
Simboli
Design and construction shall ensure:
Re/t, meja elastičnosti, označuje pri računski temperaturi naslednje vrednosti:
that the risk of overstressing from inadmissible free movement or excessive forces being produced, e.g. on flanges, connections, bellows or hoses, is adequately controlled by means such as support, constraint, anchoring, alignment and pre-tension;
zgornje meje tečenja pri materialih, ki kažejo zgornjo in spodnjo mejo tečenja,
that where there is a possibility of condensation occurring inside pipes for gaseous fluids, means are provided for drainage and removal of deposits from low areas to avoid damage from water hammer or corrosion;
meje tečenja pri 1,0-odstotnem trajnem raztezku pri avstenitnem jeklu in nelegiranem aluminiju,
that due consideration is given to the potential damage from turbulence and formation of vortices; the relevant parts of point 2.7 are applicable;
meje tečenja pri 0,2-odstotnem trajnem raztezku v drugih primerih.
that due consideration is given to the risk of fatigue due to vibrations in pipes;
Rm/20 označuje najmanjšo vrednost natezne trdnosti pri 20 °C.
that, where fluids of Group 1 are contained in the piping, appropriate means are provided to isolate ‘take-off’ pipes the size of which represents a significant risk;
Rm/t pomeni natezno trdnost pri računski temperaturi.