natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
ANNEX
Uredba (ES) št. 881/2004 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 29. aprila 2004 o ustanovitvi Evropske železniške agencije (Uredba o Agenciji).
Declaration to be made pursuant to Article XXII(2) concerning the competence of the European Union over matters governed by the Protocol to the Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment on Matters Specific to Railway Rolling Stock (the ‘Rail Protocol’), adopted in Luxembourg on 23 February 2007, in respect of which the Member States have transferred their competence to the Union
Sklep Sveta 2009/940/ES z dne 30. novembra 2009 o podpisu Protokola h Konvenciji o mednarodnih zavarovanjih na premični opremi v zvezi z zadevami, ki se nanašajo na železniška vozna sredstva, sprejetega v Luksemburgu 23. februarja 2007, s strani Evropske skupnosti (UL L 331, 16.12.2009, str.
Article XXII of the Rail Protocol provides that Regional Economic Integration Organisations which are constituted by sovereign States and which have competence over certain matters governed by that Protocol may sign, accept, approve or accede to it on condition that they make the declaration referred to in Article XXII(2).
1).
The Union has decided to approve the Rail Protocol and is accordingly making that declaration.
Besedilo železniškega protokola je bilo objavljeno v UL L 331, 16.12.2009, str.
The Member States of the European Union are the Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Republic of Croatia, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
5, skupaj s sklepom o podpisu.
However, this declaration does not apply to the Kingdom of Denmark, in accordance with Articles 1 and 2 of Protocol No 22 on the position of Denmark, annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.
Generalni sekretariat Sveta bo v Uradnem listu Evropske unije objavil datum začetka veljavnosti železniškega protokola za Unijo.
This declaration is not applicable to the territories of the Member States to which the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union does not apply (see Article 355 of that Treaty) and is without prejudice to such acts or positions as may be adopted under the Rail Protocol by the Member States concerned on behalf of and in the interests of those territories.
PRILOGA
The Member States of the European Union have transferred competence to the Union as regards matters which may affect or alter the rules of Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 [1], to be replaced as of 10 January 2015 by Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council [2], Council Regulation (EC) No 1346/2000 [3], Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council [4], Directive 2008/57/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [5] and Regulation (EC) No 881/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council [6].
Izjava na podlagi člena XXII(2) o pristojnosti Evropske unije za zadeve, ki jih ureja Protokol h Konvenciji o mednarodnih zavarovanjih na premični opremi v zvezi zadevami, ki se nanašajo na železniška vozna sredstva („železniški protokol“), ki je bil sprejet v Luxembourgu 23. februarja 2007 in v zvezi s katerim so države članice pristojnost prenesle na Unijo
As far as the numbering system of vehicles is concerned, the Union has adopted, by way of Commission Decision 2006/920/EC [7], amended on 14 November 2012 by Commission Decision 2012/757/EU [8], a numbering system which is appropriate for the purpose of identification of railway rolling stock as referred to in Article XIV of the Rail Protocol.
V členu XXII železniškega protokola je določeno, da lahko regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko povezovanje, ki so jih ustanovile neodvisne države in so pristojne za nekatere zadeve, ki jih ureja protokol, protokol podpišejo, sprejmejo ali odobrijo ali k njemu pristopijo, če dajo izjavo iz člena XXII(2).
Furthermore, as far as data exchange between Member States of the European Union and the International Registry is concerned, the Union has made considerable progress by way of Commission Decision 2007/756/EC [9], amended on 14 November 2012 by Decision 2012/757/EU.
Unija se je odločila odobriti železniški protokol, zato daje navedeno izjavo.
Under that Decision, the Member States of the European Union have implemented National Vehicle Registers, and duplication of data with the International Registry should be avoided.
Države članice Evropske unije so Kraljevina Belgija, Republika Bolgarija, Češka republika, Kraljevina Danska, Zvezna republika Nemčija, Republika Estonija, Irska, Helenska republika, Kraljevina Španija, Francoska republika, Hrvaška republika, Italijanska republika, Republika Ciper, Republika Latvija, Republika Litva, Veliko vojvodstvo Luksemburg, Madžarska, Republika Malta, Kraljevina Nizozemska, Republika Avstrija, Republika Poljska, Portugalska republika, Romunija, Republika Slovenija, Slovaška republika, Republika Finska, Kraljevina Švedska ter Združeno kraljestvo Velika Britanija in Severna Irska.
The Union does not make a declaration pursuant to Article XXVII(2) concerning the application of Article VIII, nor does it make any of the declarations pursuant to Article XXVII(1) and (3).
Vendar se ta izjava v skladu s členoma 1 in 2 Protokola št. 22 o stališču Danske, priloženega Pogodbi o Evropski uniji in Pogodbi o delovanju Evropske unije, ne uporablja za Kraljevino Dansko.
The Member States keep their competence concerning the rules of substantive law as regards insolvency.
Ta izjava se ne uporablja za ozemlja držav članic, na katerih se Pogodba o delovanju Evropske unije ne uporablja (glej člen 355 navedene pogodbe), in ne posega v ukrepe ali stališča, ki jih lahko sprejmejo zadevne države članice na podlagi železniškega protokola v imenu in interesu navedenih ozemelj.
The exercise of the competence which the Member States have transferred to the Union pursuant to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is, by its nature, liable to continuous development.
Države članice so prenesle na Unijo pristojnosti v zvezi z zadevami, ki lahko vplivajo na ali spreminjajo pravila iz Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 44/2001 [1], ki jo bo 10. januarja 2015 zamenjala Uredba (EU) št. 1215/2012 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [2], Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 1346/2000 [3], Uredbe (ES) št. 593/2008 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [4], Direktive 2008/57/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [5] in Uredbe (ES) št. 881/2004 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [6].
In the framework of those Treaties, the competent institutions may take decisions which determine the extent of the competence of the Union.
Kar zadeva sistem številčenja vozil, je Unija z Odločbo Komisije 2006/920/ES [7], ki je bila spremenjena 14. novembra 2012 s Sklepom Komisije 2012/757/EU [8], uvedla sistem številčenja, ki je primeren za identifikacijo železniških voznih sredstev iz člena XIV železniškega protokola.
The latter therefore reserves the right to amend this declaration accordingly, without this constituting a prerequisite for the exercise of its competence with regard to matters governed by the Rail Protocol.
Poleg tega je Unija dosegla precejšen napredek pri izmenjavi podatkov med državami članicami Evropske unije in mednarodnim registrom, in sicer z Odločbo Komisije 2007/756/ES [9], ki je bila spremenjena 14. novembra 2012 s Sklepom 2012/757/EU.
Commission Decision 2006/920/EC of 11 August 2006 concerning the technical specification of interoperability relating to the subsystem Traffic Operation and Management of the trans-European conventional rail system (OJ L 359, 18.12.2006, p. 1).
Države članice Evropske unije so v skladu s tem sklepom vzpostavile nacionalne registre vozil,izogniti pa bi se bilo treba podvajanju podatkov z mednarodnim registrom.
Commission Decision 2012/757/EU of 14 November 2012 concerning the technical specification for interoperability relating to the operation and traffic management subsystem of the rail system in the European Union and amending Decision 2007/756/EC (OJ L 345, 15.12.2012, p. 1).
Unija ne daje izjave v skladu s členom XXVII(2) v zvezi z uporabo člena VIII, niti ne daje izjave v skladu s členom XXVII(1) in (3).
Commission Decision 2007/756/EC of 9 November 2007 adopting a common specification of the national vehicle register provided for under Articles 14(4) and (5) of Directives 96/48/EC and 2001/16/EC (OJ L 305, 23.11.2007, p. 30).
Države članice ohranijo pristojnost v zvezi s pravili materialnega prava glede plačilne nesposobnosti.
of 9 December 2014
z dne 9. decembra 2014
establishing the position to be adopted on behalf of the European Union within the General Council of the World Trade Organization on the accession of the Republic of Seychelles to the World Trade Organization
o oblikovanju stališča, ki se ga sprejme v imenu Evropske unije v okviru Generalnega sveta Svetovne trgovinske organizacije o pristopu Republike Sejšeli k Svetovni trgovinski organizaciji
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 91, Article 100(2) and the first subparagraph of Article 207(4), in conjunction with Article 218(9), thereof,
ob upoštevanju Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije in zlasti člena 91, člena 100(2) in prvega pododstavka člena 207(4), v povezavi s členom 218(9) Pogodbe,
On 31 May 1995, the Government of the Republic of Seychelles applied for accession to the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO), pursuant to Article XII of that Agreement.
Vlada Republike Sejšeli je 31. maja 1995 zaprosila za pristop k Marakeškemu sporazumu o ustanovitvi Svetovne trgovinske organizacije (STO) v skladu s členom XII navedenega sporazuma.
A Working Party on the accession of the Republic of Seychelles was established on 11 July 1995 in order to reach agreement on terms of accession acceptable to the Republic of Seychelles and all WTO Members.
Delovna skupina za pristop Republike Sejšeli je bila ustanovljena 11. julija 1995, da se dogovori o pristopnih pogojih, sprejemljivih za Republiko Sejšeli in vse članice STO.
The Commission, on behalf of the Union, has negotiated a comprehensive series of market opening commitments on the part of the Republic of Seychelles which satisfy the Union's requests, taking into account the bilateral trade relations with the Republic of Seychelles in the context of the EU-ACP partnership and the undertaking by the Republic of Seychelles to pursue trade liberalisation in a full Economic and Partnership Agreement.
Komisija je v imenu Unije s pogajanji dosegla celovit sklop zavez na strani Republike Sejšeli za odpiranje trga, ki izpolnjujejo zahteve Unije, ob upoštevanju dvostranskih trgovinskih odnosov z Republiko Sejšeli v okviru partnerstva EU-AKP in zaveze Republike Sejšeli, da bo nadaljevala liberalizacijo trgovine v celovitem sporazumu o gospodarskem partnerstvu.
Those commitments are now embodied in the Protocol of Accession of the Republic of Seychelles to the WTO (‘the Protocol of Accession’).
Navedene zaveze so zdaj vključene v Protokol o pristopu Republike Sejšeli k STO (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Protokol o pristopu).
Accession to the WTO is expected to make a positive and lasting contribution to the process of economic reform and sustainable development in the Republic of Seychelles.
Pričakuje se, da bo pristop k STO pozitivno in trajno prispeval h gospodarski reformi in trajnostnemu razvoju v Republiki Sejšeli.
Article IV.2 of the Agreement establishing the WTO provides that in the intervals between meetings of the Ministerial Conference, its functions shall be conducted by the General Council.
Člen IV.2 Sporazuma o ustanovitvi STO določa, da v obdobjih med zasedanji ministrske konference njene naloge izvaja Generalni svet.
Accordingly, it is necessary to establish the position to be adopted on the Union's behalf within the General Council of the WTO on the accession of the Republic of Seychelles to the WTO,
Zato je treba o pristopu Republike Sejšeli k STO določiti stališče, ki se v imenu Unije sprejme v okviru Generalnega sveta STO –
The position to be adopted on behalf of the European Union within the General Council of the World Trade Organization on the accession of the Republic of Seychelles to the World Trade Organization is to approve the accession.
Stališče, ki se v imenu Evropske unije sprejme v okviru Generalnega sveta Svetovne trgovinske organizacije o pristopu Republike Sejšeli k Svetovni trgovinski organizaciji je, da se ta pristop odobri.
Done at Brussels, 9 December 2014.
V Bruslju, 9. decembra 2014
Commission Implementing Decision
z dne 8. decembra 2014
of 8 December 2014
o odobritvi dajanja na trg olja oljne kadulje (Salvia hispanica) kot nove živilske sestavine v skladu z Uredbo (ES) št. 258/97 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta
authorising the placing on the market of chia oil (Salvia hispanica) as a novel food ingredient under Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council
(notificirano pod dokumentarno številko C(2014) 9209)
(notified under document C(2014) 9209)
(Besedilo v angleškem jeziku je edino verodostojno)
(Only the English text is authentic)
EVROPSKA KOMISIJA JE –
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
ob upoštevanju Uredbe (ES) št. 258/97 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 27. januarja 1997 v zvezi z novimi živili in novimi živilskimi sestavinami [1] ter zlasti člena 7 Uredbe,
Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 1997 concerning novel foods and novel food ingredients [1], and in particular Article 7 thereof,
Družba Functional Products Trading S.A. je 12. novembra 2012 pri pristojnih organih Združenega kraljestva vložila zahtevek za dajanje olja oljne kadulje (Salvia hispanica) na trg kot nove živilske sestavine za uporabo v rastlinskih oljih in kot prehransko dopolnilo.
On 12 November 2012, the company Functional Products Trading S.A. made a request to the competent authorities of the United Kingdom to place chia oil (Salvia hispanica) on the market as a novel food ingredient to be used in vegetable oils and as a food supplement.
Pristojni organ Združenega kraljestva za presojo živil je 8. julija 2013 izdal poročilo o začetni presoji.
On 8 July 2013, the competent food assessment body of the United Kingdom issued its initial assessment report.
V navedenem poročilu ugotavlja, da olje oljne kadulje (Salvia hispanica) izpolnjuje merila za novo živilo iz člena 3(1) Uredbe (ES) št. 258/97.
In that report it came to the conclusion that chia oil (Salvia hispanica) meets the criteria for novel food set out in Article 3(1) of Regulation (EC) No 258/97.
Komisija je 13. septembra 2013 poročilo o začetni presoji poslala drugim državam članicam.
On 13 September 2013, the Commission forwarded the initial assessment report to the other Member States.
V roku 60 dni, ki je določen v prvem pododstavku člena 6(4) Uredbe (ES) št. 258/97, so bili vloženi upravičeni ugovori.
Reasoned objections were raised within the 60 day period laid down in the first subparagraph of Article 6(4) of Regulation (EC) No 258/97.
V skladu s členom 7(1) Uredbe (ES) št. 258/97 bi bilo treba sprejeti izvedbeni sklep Komisije, ki upošteva vložene ugovore.
In accordance with Article 7(1) of Regulation (EC) No 258/97 a Commission Implementing Decision should be made that takes into account the objections raised.
Dodatna pojasnila vložnika so zadovoljivo odpravila zaskrbljenost držav članic in Komisije.
The additional explanations provided by the applicant alleviated the concerns to the satisfaction of the Member States and the Commission.
Direktiva 2002/46/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta [2] določa zahteve glede prehranskih dopolnil.
Directive 2002/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [2] lays down requirements on food supplements.
Uporabo olja oljne kadulje (Salvia hispanica) bi bilo treba odobriti brez poseganja v zahteve navedene zakonodaje.
The use of chia oil (Salvia hispanica) should be authorised without prejudice to the requirements of that legislation.
Ukrepi iz tega sklepa so v skladu z mnenjem Stalnega odbora za rastline, živali, hrano in krmo –
The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed,
Olje oljne kadulje (Salvia hispanica), kot je opredeljeno v Prilogi I, se lahko daje na trg v Uniji kot nova živilska sestavina za opredeljene načine in največje ravni uporabe, ki so določene v Prilogi II, ter brez poseganja v določbe Direktive 2002/46/ES.
Chia oil (Salvia hispanica) as specified in Annex I may be placed on the market in the Union as a novel food ingredient for the uses defined and at the maximum levels established in Annex II without prejudice to the provisions of Directive 2002/46/EC.
Poimenovanje olja oljne kadulje, odobrenega s tem sklepom, na oznakah živil, ki ga vsebujejo, je „olje oljne kadulje (Salvia hispanica)“.
The designation of chia oil authorised by this Decision on the labelling of the foodstuffs containing it shall be ‘Chia oil (Salvia hispanica)’.
Člen 3
Article 3
Ta sklep je naslovljen na družbo Functional Products Trading S.A., Av.
302 — Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
V Bruslju, 8. decembra 2014
Done at Brussels, 8 December 2014.
Za Komisijo
ANNEX I
SPECIFIKACIJA OLJA OLJNE KADULJE (SALVIA HISPANICA)
Description:
Olje oljne kadulje se proizvaja iz semen oljne kadulje (Salvia hispanica L.) (99,9-odstotna čistost) po postopku hladnega stiskanja.
Chia oil is produced from Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seeds (99,9 % pure) by cold-pressing.
Pri tem se ne uporabljajo topila, olje se po postopku stiskanja hrani v bazenih za dekantiranje, s filtriranjem pa se odstranijo nečistoče.
No solvents are used and, once pressed, the oil is held in decantation tanks and a filtration process employed to remove impurities.
Specifikacija
Specification
ne več kot 2 %
Acidity expressed as oleic acid
Peroksidno število
Not more than 2 %
ne več kot 10 meq/kg
Peroxide value
Netopne nečistoče
Not more than 10 meq/kg
ne več kot 0,05 %
Insoluble impurities
Alfa linolenska kislina
Not more than 0,05 %
ne manj kot 60 %
Alpha linolenic acid
Linolna kislina
Not less than 60 %
15 %–20 %
Linoleic acid
PRILOGA II
15-20 %
ODOBRENE UPORABE OLJA OLJNE KADULJE (SALVIA HISPANICA)
AUTHORISED USES OF CHIA OIL (SALVIA HISPANICA)
Ravni uporabe
Food category
Maščobe in olja
Use levels
ne več kot 10 %
Fats and oils
Prehranska dopolnila
Not more than 10 %
ne več kot 2 g/dan
of 8 December 2014
z dne 8. decembra 2014
(notified under document C(2014) 9230)
(notificirano pod dokumentarno številko C(2014) 9230)
Having regard to Council Directive 96/23/EC of 29 April 1996 on measures to monitor certain substances and residues thereof in live animals and animal products and repealing Directives 85/358/EEC and 86/469/EEC and Decisions 89/187/EEC and 91/664/EEC [1], and in particular the fourth subparagraph of Article 29(1) and Article 29(2) thereof,
ob upoštevanju Direktive Sveta 96/23/ES z dne 29. aprila 1996 o ukrepih za spremljanje nekaterih snovi in njihovih ostankov v živih živalih in v živalskih proizvodih ter razveljavitvi direktiv 85/358/EGS in 86/469/EGS in odločb 89/187/EGS in 91/664/EGS [1] in zlasti četrtega pododstavka člena 29(1) in (2) Direktive,
This Directive requires that third countries from which Member States are authorised to import animals and animal products covered by that Directive submit a residue monitoring plan providing required guarantees.
Navedena direktiva zahteva, da tretje države, iz katerih se državam članicam dovoli uvoz živali in živalskih proizvodov, ki jih zajema navedena direktiva, predložijo načrt spremljanja ostankov, ki zagotavlja potrebna jamstva.
That plan should, at least, include the groups of residues and substances listed in Annex I of that Directive.
Navedeni načrt bi moral vključevati vsaj skupine ostankov in snovi iz Priloge I k navedeni direktivi.
Commission Decision 2011/163/EU [2] approves the plans provided for in Article 29 of Directive 96/23/EC submitted by certain third countries listed in the Annex to that Decision for the animals and animal products indicated in that list (‘the list’).
S Sklepom Komisije 2011/163/EU [2] so bili odobreni načrti iz člena 29 Direktive 96/23/ES, ki so jih predložile nekatere tretje države s seznama v Prilogi k navedenemu sklepu za živali in živalske proizvode z navedenega seznama (v nadaljnjem besedilu: seznam).
Mexico is currently included in the list as regards, inter alia, equine.
Mehika je trenutno uvrščena na seznam med drugim za enoprste kopitarje.
However, the latest audits carried out by the Commission in Mexico have confirmed serious shortcomings in the capacity of the Mexican authorities to carry out reliable checks and in particular to attest the absence of substances prohibited by Council Directive 96/22/EC [3].
Vendar so zadnje revizije, ki jih je Komisija opravila v Mehiki, potrdile resne pomanjkljivosti v zmogljivosti mehiških organov, da izvajajo zanesljive preglede in da zlasti potrjujejo odsotnost snovi, prepovedanih z Direktivo Sveta 96/22/ES [3].
The entry for Mexico as regards equine should therefore be removed from the list.
Vnos za enoprste kopitarje za Mehiko bi bilo zato treba črtati s seznama.
In order to avoid any disruption to trade, a transitional period should be laid down to cover the relevant consignments from Mexico which were dispatched to the Union before the date of application of this Decision.
Da bi preprečili motnje v trgovini, bi bilo treba določiti prehodno obdobje za zadevne pošiljke iz Mehike, ki so bile odpremljene v Unijo pred datumom začetka uporabe tega sklepa.
The measures provided for in this Decision will be reviewed by the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed, in light of the guarantees provided by the Mexican authorities.
Ukrepe iz tega sklepa bo pregledal Stalni odbor za rastline, živali, hrano in krmo ob upoštevanju jamstev, ki jih predložijo mehiški organi.
For a transitional period until 1 March 2015, Member States shall accept consignments of meat and meat products of equidae imported from Mexico and intended for human consumption provided that the importer demonstrates that the products had been certified and dispatched to the Union prior to 15 January 2015.
Za prehodno obdobje do 1. marca 2015 države članice sprejmejo pošiljke mesa in mesnih proizvodov enoprstih kopitarjev, uvoženih iz Mehike in namenjenih za prehrano ljudi, pod pogojem, da uvoznik dokaže, da so bili proizvodi odobreni in odpremljeni v Unijo pred 15. januarjem 2015.
Done at Brussels, 8 December 2014.
V Bruslju, 8. decembra 2014
Commission Decision 2011/163/EU of 16 March 2011 on the approval of plans submitted by third countries in accordance with Article 29 of Council Directive 96/23/EC (OJ L 70, 17.3.2011, p. 40).
Sklep Komisije 2011/163/EU z dne 16. marca 2011 o odobritvi načrtov, ki so jih predložile tretje države v skladu s členom 29 Direktive Sveta 96/23/ES (UL L 70, 17.3.2011, str. 40).
Council Directive 96/22/EC of 29 April 1996 concerning the prohibition on the use in stockfarming of certain substances having a hormonal or thyrostatic action and of beta-agonists and repealing Directives 81/602/EEC, 88/146/EEC and 88/299/EEC (OJ L 125, 23.5.1996, p. 3).
Direktiva Sveta 96/22/ES z dne 29. aprila 1996 o prepovedi uporabe v živinoreji določenih snovi, ki imajo hormonalno ali tirostatično delovanje, in beta-agonistov ter o razveljavitvi direktiv 81/602/EGS, 88/146/EGS in 88/299/EGS (UL L 125, 23.5.1996, str. 3).
Porcine
Enoprsti kopitarji
Equine
Perutnina
Poultry
Akvakultura
Aqua-culture
Mleko
Milk
Jajca
Eggs
Kunci
Rabbit
Prostoživeča divjad
Wild game
Gojena divjad
Honey
Andora
Andorra
Združeni arabski emirati
United Arab Emirates
Albanija
Albania
Armenija
Armenia
Avstralija
Australia
Bangladeš