natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
EUR 24384. Luxembourg Publications Office of the European Union. http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/publications
International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Nomenclature and other conventions, prva izdaja, 24384 EUR. Urad za publikacije Evropske unije, Luksemburg. http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/publications.
Environmental studies no. 0906. Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), Bern.
0906, Zvezni urad za okolje (FOEN).
ISO 14025:2006. International Standard – Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations – Principles and procedures.
ISO 14025:2006, Mednarodni standard – Okoljske označbe in deklaracije – Okoljske deklaracije III. vrste – Načela in postopki.
International Organization for Standardization. Geneva, Switzerland.
Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo, Ženeva, Švica.
ISO 14040:2006. International Standard – Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework.
ISO 14040:2006, Mednarodni standard – Ravnanje z okoljem – Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla – Načela in okviri.
ISO 14044:2006. International Standard – Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements and guidelines.
ISO 14044:2006, Mednarodni standard – Ravnanje z okoljem – Ocenjevanje življenjskega cikla – Zahteve in smernice.
× Erecycled
× Erecikl
× ErecyclingEoL
× Erecikl.KŽK
E recycled
E recikl.
E recyclingEoL
E recikl.KŽK
European Commission - Joint Research Centre - Institute for Environment and Sustainability (2011b). Analysis of Existing Environmental Footprint Methodologies for Products and Organizations: Recommendations, Rationale, and Alignment.
Evropska komisija – Skupno raziskovalno središče – Inštitut za okolje in trajnostni razvoj (2011b), Analysis of Existing Environmental Footprint Methodologies for Products and Organizations: Recommendations, Rationale, and Alignment.
Frischknecht, R., Steiner, R. and Jungbluth, N. (2008). The Ecological Scarcity Method – Eco-Factors 2006. A method for impact assessment in LCA.
Frischknecht, R., Steiner, R., in Jungbluth, N. (2008), The Ecological Scarcity Method – Eco-Factors 2006, A method for impact assessment in LCA.
ISO 14020.
ISO (2000), ISO 14020.
ISO 14040.
ISO (2006b), ISO 14040.
ISO 14044.
ISO (2006c), ISO 14044.
ISO 14064-1.
ISO (2006d), ISO 14064-1.
ISO 14064-3.
ISO (2006e), ISO 14064-3.
Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard – Supplement to the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard. World Resources Institute and World Business Council for Sustainable Development, USA.
WRI in WBSCD (2011a), Greenhouse Gas Protocol, Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard – Supplement to the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard.
Review Procedure (if applicable). The OEFSR shall specify the review requirements for OEF studies.
V sektorskih pravilih o okoljskem odtisu organizacij morajo biti določene zahteve glede pregleda študij okoljskega odtisa organizacij.
The OEFSR shall specify: The use scenario(s) to be included in the study, if any;
scenarije uporabe, ki bodo vključeni v študijo (če obstajajo),
European Reference Life Cycle Database (ELCD) [81] http://lca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/lcainfohub/datasetArea.vm .
evropskega referenčnega sistema podatkov o življenjskem krogu (ELCD) [81] http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/data.
× ESE, elec
× ESE,elek
Direct energy consumption by primary energy source, separately accounting for “renewable” energy use; For gate-to-gate stages, number of IUCN Red List species and national conservation list species with habitats in areas affected by operations, by level of extinction risk;
pri fazah „od vrat do vrat“ informacije o številu vrst na rdečem seznamu ogroženih vrst Mednarodne zveze za ohranjanje narave in naravnih virov (IUCN) in vrst na nacionalnih seznamih ogroženih vrst, katerih habitati so na območjih, ki so pod vplivom zadevnih dejavnosti, razvrščene glede na stopnjo tveganja za izumrtje;
Direct energy consumption by primary energy source, separately accounting for “renewable” energy use; For gate-to-gate stages, number of IUCN Red List species and national conservation listspecies with habitats in areas affected by operations, by level of extinction risk;
pri fazah „od vrat do vrat“ informacije o številu vrst na rdečem seznamu ogroženih vrst Mednarodne zveze za ohranjanje narave in naravnih virov (IUCN) in vrst na nacionalnih seznamih ogroženih vrst, katerihhabitati so na območjih, ki so pod vplivom zadevnih dejavnosti, razvrščene glede na stopnjo tveganja za izumrtje,
European Commission - Joint Research Centre - Institute for Environment and Sustainability (2010f). International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Nomenclature and other conventions. First edition. EUR 24384. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/publications
Evropska komisija – Skupno raziskovalno središče – Inštitut za okolje in trajnostni razvoj (2010f), International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Nomenclature and other conventions, prva izdaja, EUR 24384, Urad za publikacije Evropske unije, Luksemburg. http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/publications.
Especially, the EF Impact Assessment has not the objective to predict if at any specific location at any specific time thresholds are exceeded and actual impacts occur. In contrast it describes the existing pressures on the environment.
Presoja vpliva okoljskega odtisa zlasti ni namenjena napovedovanju, ali bodo na kateri koli specifični lokaciji ob katerem koli specifičnem času prekoračene mejne vrednosti in ali bo dejansko povzročen vpliv na okolje, temveč opisuje obstoječe pritiske na okolje.
Apply ALLOCATION BASED ON SOME OTHER RELATIONSHIP. This can be approached in one of the following ways:
Uporabite DODELITEV NA PODLAGI DRUGE POVEZAVE To je mogoče obravnavati na enega od naslednjih naõnov:
European Commission - Joint Research Centre - Institute for Environment and Sustainability (2010f). International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Nomenclature and other conventions.
Evropska komisija – Skupno raziskovalno središče – Inštitut za okolje in trajnostni razvoj (2010f), International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Nomenclature and other conventions.
The information provided for this comparison shall be transparent in order to allow the user to understand the limitations of comparability inherent in the calculated result (adapted from ISO 14025 [12]). 1.4 Phases of an Organisation Environmental Footprint Study
Informacije, zagotovljene za to primerjavo, morajo biti pregledne, da lahko uporabnik razume omejitve primerljivosti v zvezi z izračunanim rezultatom (na podlagi standarda ISO 14025 [12]).1.4 Faze študije okoljskega odtisa organizacij
PAS 2050 (2011). Specifications for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services.
PAS 2050 (2011), Specification for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services.
Available online at http://www.bsigroup.com/en/Standards-and-Publications/How-we-can-help-you/Professional-Standards-Service/PAS-2050/ Rabl A. and Spadaro J.V.
Na voljo na spletni strani http://www.bsigroup.com/en/Standards-and-Publications/How-we-can-help-you/Professional-Standards-Service/PAS-2050/.
Table 2 Default EF impact categories (with respective EF impact category indicators) and EF impact assessment models for PEF studies
Privzete kategorije vplivov okoljskega odtisa (z ustreznimi kazalniki kategorij vplivov okoljskega odtisa) in modeli presoje vpliva okoljskega odtisa za študije okoljskega odtisa izdelkov
Credits associated with temporary (carbon) storage or delayed emissions shall not be considered in the calculation of the default EF impact categories. However, these may be included as “additional environmental information”.
Dobropisi v zvezi z začasnim shranjevanjem (ogljika) ali zapoznelimi emisijami se ne smejo upoštevati pri izračunu privzetih kategorij vplivov okoljskega odtisa, lahko pa se vključijo kot „dodatne okoljske informacije“.
PEFCRs shall provide further guidance on data quality assessment scoring for the product category with respect to time, geographical and technological representativeness. For example, it shall specify which data quality score relating to time representativeness should be assigned to a dataset representing a given year.
Pravila o okoljskem odtisu kategorij izdelkov morajo določati dodatna navodila o točkovanju v okviru ocene kakovosti podatkov za posamezne kategorije izdelkov v zvezi s časovno, geografsko in tehnološko reprezentativnostjo; določati morajo na primer, koliko točk v zvezi s časovno reprezentativnostjo naj bi se v okviru ocene kakovosti podatkov dodelilo naboru podatkov za zadevno leto.
These judgements may be based on expert opinion, cultural/political viewpoints, or economic considerations [101]. Requirement for PEF studies.
Ta vrednotenja lahko temeljijo na strokovnem mnenju, kulturnih/političnih stališčih ali gospodarskih vidikih [101].Zahteva glede študij okoljskega odtisa izdelkov
PEF results that are calculated using average data (i.e. the mean of multiple data points for a given process) do not reflect the uncertainty associated with such variance. However, uncertainty may be estimated and communicated using appropriate statistical tools.
Pri rezultatih okoljskega odtisa izdelkov, izračunanih na podlagi povprečnih podatkov (tj. srednja vrednost več podatkovnih točk za določen postopek), se ne upošteva negotovost v zvezi s takim odstopanjem, vendar pa se lahko za ocenjevanje in sporočanje negotovosti uporabijo ustrezna statistična orodja.
3 – 5 6 – 15 16 – 30 > 30 LCA methodology and practice
Metodologija in praksa v zvezi z oceno življenjskega kroga
3 – 5 (within the past 10 years)
(v zadnjih 10 letih)
Milà i Canals L., Romanyà J. and Cowell S.J. (2007): Method for assessing impacts on life support functions (LSF) related to the use of ‘fertile land’ in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).
Milà i Canals, L., Romanyà, J., in Cowell, S. J. (2007), Method for assessing impacts on life support functions (LSF) related to the use of ‘fertile land’ in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).
Rosenbaum R.K., Bachmann T.M., Gold L.S., Huijbregts M.A.J., Jolliet O., Juraske R., Köhler A., Larsen H.F., MacLeod M., Margni M., McKone T.E., Payet J., Schuhmacher M., van de Meent D. and Hauschild M.Z. (2008): USEtox - The UNEP-SETAC toxicity model: recommended characterisation factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity in Life Cycle Impact Assessment.
Rosenbaum, R. K., Bachmann, T. M., Gold, L. S., Huijbregts, M. A. J., Jolliet, O., Juraske, R., Köhler, A., Larsen, H. F., MacLeod, M., Margni, M., McKone, T. E., Payet, J., Schuhmacher, M., van de Meent, D., in Hauschild, M. Z. (2008), USEtox – The UNEP-SETAC toxicity model: recommended characterisation factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity in Life Cycle Impact Assessment.
International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 11(6): 403-416. Struijs J., Beusen A., van Jaarsveld H. and Huijbregts M.A.J. (2009): Aquatic Eutrophication.
International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 11(6): 403–416.
Such qualitative descriptions shall be included in the additional environmental information. The PEFCR shall specify processes to be included, as well as associated data quality and review requirements, which may exceed those of this PEF Guide.
V pravilih o okoljskem odtisu kategorij izdelkov morajo biti določeni postopki, ki jih je treba vključiti, ter povezane zahteve glede kakovosti podatkov in pregleda, pri čemer lahko te zahteve presegajo zahteve iz tega Priročnika o okoljskem odtisu izdelkov.
Meets the criterion to a high degree, with little significant need for improvement. E.g. average technology as country- specific consumption mix.
Stopnja izpolnjevanja merila je visoka, zato je potrebno le manjše izboljšanje.
The methodology guide acknowledges that the data management plan should include a data collection template. However, no example is provided in the standard.
V priročniku o metodologiji je potrjeno, da bi moral načrt upravljanja podatkov vključevati predlogo za zbiranje podatkov, vendar standard ne podaja nobenega primera.
No specific provision/ information provided. However, interpretation of the definition of LCA provided suggests that carbon storage and delayed emissions are excluded from the usual scope of study.
Posebne določbe/informacije niso na voljo, vendar se na podlagi razlage navedene opredelitve ocene življenjskega kroga šteje, da so shranjevanje ogljika in zapoznele emisije izključeni iz običajnega obsega študije.
Table 2 Default EF impact categories with their respective EF impact category indicators and EF impact assessment models for OEF studies
Privzete kategorije vplivov okoljskega odtisa z ustreznimi kazalniki kategorij vplivov okoljskega odtisa in modeli presoje vpliva okoljskega odtisa za študije okoljskega odtisa organizacij
OEF and OEFSR-based studies of similar organisations; Product Environment Footprint and Product Environmental Footprint Category Rule-based studies for key products provided by the organisations;
študije okoljskega odtisa izdelkov in študije na podlagi pravil o okoljskem odtisu izdelkov in o okoljskem odtisu kategorij izdelkov za glavne izdelke, ki jih organizacije ponujajo;
Credits associated with temporary (carbon) storage or delayed emissions shall not be considered in the calculation of the default EF impact categories. However, these may be included as “Additional Environmental Information”.
Dobropisi v zvezi z začasnim shranjevanjem (ogljika) ali zapoznelimi emisijami se ne smejo upoštevati pri izračunu privzetih kategorij vplivov okoljskega odtisa, lahko pa se vključijo kot „dodatne okoljske informacije“.
National governmental LCI database projects; Other third-party LCI databases;
drugih zbirk podatkov iz popisa življenjskega kroga, ki so jih vzpostavile tretje osebe;
Systems involving multi-functionality of processes shall be modelled in accordance with the following decision hierarchy, with additional guidance at the sectorial level provided by OEFSRs if available. Figure 5 provides a decision tree for handling multi-functional processes.
Sisteme, pri katerih se uporabljajo večfunkcionalni postopki, je treba modelirati v skladu s hierarhijo odločanja, opisano v nadaljevanju, pri čemer sektorska pravila o okoljskem odtisu organizacij zagotavljajo dodatna navodila na sektorski ravni, če so na voljo.
Check whether additional guidance at sectorial level exists for the affected processes, e.g. provided by Organisation Environmental Footprint Sectorial Rules (OEFSRs), and apply such guidance. If not, model the multi-functional process(es) according to the following decision hierarchy:
Preverite ali so na sektorski ravni na voljo dodatna navodia glede zadevnih postopkov, npr. v okviru sektorskih pravil o okoljskem odtisu organizácij, in ta navodila upoštevajte Če dodatna navodila niso na voljo, modelirajte večfunkcionalne postopke v skladu z nasiednjo hierarhijo odlocanja
Requirements for OEF studies All classified inputs/outputs in each EF impact category shall be assigned CFs representing the contribution per unit of input/output to the category, using the provided CFs (available online at http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/projects).
Vsem razvrščenim vhodnim/izhodnim tokovom v posamezni kategoriji vpliva okoljskega odtisa je treba dodeliti karakterizacijske faktorje, ki pomenijo prispevek h kategoriji glede na enoto vhodnega/izhodnega toka, pri čemer je treba uporabiti karakterizacijske faktorje (na voljo na spletni strani http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/projects).
These judgements may be based on expert opinion, cultural/political view points, or economic considerations. [90]Requirements for OEF studies
Ta vrednotenja lahko temeljijo na strokovnem mnenju, kulturnih/političnih stališčih ali gospodarskih vidikih [90].Zahteve glede študij okoljskega odtisa organizacij
3 – 5 6 –15 16 – 30 > 30 EF or LCA methodology and practice
Metodologija in praksa v zvezi z okoljskim odtisom ali oceno življenjskega kroga
Bilan Carbone Companies and Local Authorities Version. Methodological Guide Version 5.0: Objectives and Principles for the Counting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions. French Agency for the Environment and Energy Management, Paris.
Francoska agencija za okolje in upravljanje z energijo, Pariz.
European Commission - Joint Research Centre - Institute for Environment and Sustainability (2010d). International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Specific guide for Life Cycle Inventory data sets. First edition.
Evropska komisija – Skupno raziskovalno središče – Inštitut za okolje in trajnostni razvoj (2010d), International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Specific guide for Life Cycle Inventory data sets.
Eurostat (2008). NACE Rev2.
Eurostat (2008), NACE Rev. 2, Statistična klasifikacija gospodarskih dejavnosti v Evropski skupnosti.
Environmental studies no. 0906. Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), Bern: 188 pp.
Environmental studies št. 0906, Zvezni urad za okolje (FOEN), Bern, 188 str.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2007). IPCC Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007. www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/assessments-reports.htm
Medvladni odbor za podnebne spremembe (IPCC) (2007), IPCC Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007. www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/assessments-reports.htm.
International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. ISO. (2006a).
Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo, Ženeva.
International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. ISO. (2006b).
Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo, Ženeva.
International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. ISO. (2006c).
Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo, Ženeva.
International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. ISO. (2006d).
Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo, Ženeva.
International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. ISO. (2006e).
Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo, Ženeva.
ISO/WD TR 14069: Greenhouse gases (GHG) – Quantification and reporting of GHG emissions for organizations (Carbonfootprint of organization) – Guidance for the application of ISO 14064-1, under development. Milà i Canals, L., Romanyà, J. and Cowell, S.J.
ISO/WD TR 14069, Greenhouse gases (GHG) – Quantification and reporting of GHG emissions for organizations (Carbonfootprint of organization) – Guidance for the application of ISO 14064-1.
Rosenbaum, R.K., Bachmann, T.M., Gold, L.S., Huijbregts, M.A.J., Jolliet, O., Juraske, R., Köhler, A., Larsen, H.F., MacLeod, M., Margni, M., McKone, T.E., Payet, J., Schuhmacher, M., van de Meent, D. and Hauschild, M.Z. (2008). USEtox - The UNEP-SETAC toxicity model: recommended characterisation factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity in Life Cycle Impact Assessment.
Rosenbaum, R. K., Bachmann, T. M., Gold, L. S., Huijbregts, M. A. J., Jolliet, O., Juraske, R., Köhler, A., Larsen, H. F., MacLeod, M., Margni, M., McKone, T. E., Payet, J., Schuhmacher, M., van de Meent, D., in Hauschild, M. Z. (2008), USEtox – The UNEP-SETAC toxicity model: recommended characterisation factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity in Life Cycle Impact Assessment.
WRI and WBCSD (2004). The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: An Organisation Accounting and Reporting Standard.
WRI in WBCSD (2004), The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: An Organisation Accounting and Reporting Standard.
(ISBN 978-1-56973-772-9). WRI and WBCSD (2011b). Greenhouse Gas Protocol.
Svetovni inštitut za naravne vire in Svetovni gospodarski svet za trajnostni razvoj, ZDA (ISBN 978-1-56973-772-9).
on common principles for injunctive and compensatory collective redress mechanisms in the Member States concerning violations of rights granted under Union Law
o skupnih načelih za mehanizme kolektivnih opustitvenih in odškodninskih tožb v državah članicah v zvezi s kršitvami pravic iz prava Unije
The Union has set itself the objective of maintaining and developing an area of freedom, security and justice, inter alia, by facilitating access to justice, as well as the objective of ensuring a high level of consumer protection.
Unija si je postavila cilj ohranjati in razvijati območje svobode, varnosti in pravice, med drugim z olajšanjem dostopa do sodnega varstva, pa tudi cilj zagotoviti visoko raven varstva potrošnikov.
The modern economy sometimes creates situations in which a large number of persons can be harmed by the same illegal practices relating to the violation of rights granted under Union law by one or more traders or other persons (‘mass harm situation’).
V sodobnem gospodarstvu se včasih zgodi, da je zaradi enakih nezakonitih ravnanj, s katerimi trgovec ali več trgovcev oziroma drugih oseb krši pravice iz prava Unije, oškodovanih veliko ljudi („primer množičnega oškodovanja“).
They may therefore have cause to seek the cessation of such practices or to claim damages.
Ti imajo zato pravico zahtevati prenehanje takih ravnanj ali uveljavljati odškodnino.
The Commission adopted a Green Paper on antitrust damages actions in 2005 [1] and a White Paper in 2008, which included policy suggestions on antitrust-specific collective redress [2].
Komisija je leta 2005 [1] sprejela zeleno knjigo o odškodninskih tožbah zaradi kršitve protimonopolnih pravil in leta 2008 belo knjigo, ki je vključevala predloge politike v zvezi s posebnimi kolektivnimi pravnimi sredstvi zaradi kršitve protimonopolnih pravil [2].
On 2 February 2012 the European Parliament adopted the resolution ‘Towards a Coherent European Approach to Collective Redress’, in which it called for any proposal in the field of collective redress to take the form of a horizontal framework including a common set of principles providing uniform access to justice via collective redress within the Union and specifically but not exclusively dealing with the infringement of consumer rights.
Evropski parlament je 2. februarja 2012 sprejel resolucijo z naslovom „Usklajenemu evropskemu pristopu h kolektivnim tožbam naproti“, v kateri je pozval, naj bodo vsi predlogi s področja kolektivnih tožb v obliki horizontalnega okvira, ki bo vključeval skupna načela in nudil enoten dostop do sodnega varstva s kolektivnimi tožbami v Uniji ter še posebej, vendar ne izključno, obravnaval kršitve pravic potrošnikov.
The Parliament also stressed the need to take due account of the legal traditions and legal orders of the individual Member States and enhance the coordination of good practices between Member States [5].
Ob tem je poudaril, da je treba ustrezno upoštevati pravno tradicijo in pravno ureditev posameznih držav članic ter okrepiti usklajevanje primerov dobre prakse med državami članicami [5].
On 11 June 2013 the Commission issued a Communication ‘Towards a European Horizontal Framework for Collective Redress’ [6], which took stock of the actions to date and the opinions of stakeholders and of the European Parliament, and presented the Commission’s position on some central issues regarding collective redress.
Komisija je 11. junija 2013 objavila sporočilo z naslovom „Evropskemu horizontalnemu okviru za kolektivna pravna sredstva naproti“ [6], v katerem so povzeti dosedanji ukrepi ter mnenja zainteresiranih strani in Evropskega parlamenta, predstavljeno pa je tudi stališče Komisije o nekaterih osrednjih vprašanjih, povezanih s kolektivnimi pravnimi sredstvi.
It is a core task of public enforcement to prevent and punish the violations of rights granted under Union law.
Preprečevanje kršitev pravic iz prava Unije in nalaganje kazni zanje je ključna naloga javnega izvrševanja.
The possibility for private persons to pursue claims based on violations of such rights supplements public enforcement.
Možnost oseb zasebnega prava, da uveljavljajo zahtevke na podlagi kršitev takih pravic, dopolnjuje javno izvrševanje.