natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
However, detailed calculations for various scenarios in more recent technical literature [53] have confirmed the basic findings of the Böckenhoff report that no additional investment in spare capacity is necessary to combat epidemics, but rather that the available spare capacity in the shape of the third shift during the week and shifts at the weekend are sufficient for the disposal of the extra animal carcases resulting from an epidemic.
Vendar so podrobni izračuni za različne scenarije iz sodobnejše tehnične literature [53] potrdili osnovne ugotovitve Böckenhoffovega poročila, in sicer, da za spopadanje z epidemijami ni potrebna dodatna naložba v prosto zmogljivost, ampak da razpoložljiva prosta zmogljivost v obliki tretje izmene med tednom in izmen ob vikendih zadostuje za odstranjevanje dodatnih živalskih trupel, ki nastanejo zaradi epidemije.
Account is taken here of the higher utilisation of capacity in normal operation.
Pri tem se upošteva večja izkoriščenost zmogljivosti ob normalnem obratovanju.
The epidemic events considered are mostly locally limited and short-term outbreaks of classic swine fever (CSF) or foot-and-mouth disease (FMD).
Upoštevani pojavi epidemij so večinoma lokalno omejeni in kratkoročni izbruhi klasične prašičje kuge (KPK) ali slinavke in parkljevke (SIP).
The epidemic reserve laid down in the Verbandsordnung of 2 February 2010, amounting to 1185 tonnes a week, which the ZT has to make available over a period of six weeks in the event of an epidemic is geared to locally limited outbreaks of CSF and FMD.
Rezerva za epidemije, določena s statutom podjetja ZT z dne 2. februarja 2010, ki znaša do 1185 ton na teden in ki jo mora podjetje ZT v primeru epidemije zagotoviti v šestih tednih, ustreza lokalno omejenim izbruhom KPK in SIP.
The size of the epidemic reserve is based on the ISPA-RP study, which shows that the extra quantities of animal carcases to be expected in the event of short-term epidemics in the area covered by the association lie in this order of magnitude.
Obseg rezerve za epidemije temelji na študiji ISPA-RP, ki kaže, da dodatne količine živalskih trupel, pričakovane v primeru kratkoročnih epidemij na območju, ki ga pokriva združenje, ustrezajo temu obsegu.
The operational spare capacity of 2376 tonnes a week available in 3-shift 7-day operation for a duration of six weeks is roughly double the prescribed epidemic reserve of 1185 tonnes a week.
Operativna prosta zmogljivost z obsegom 2376 ton na teden, ki je na razpolago s triizmenskim sedemdnevnim obratovanjem v šestih tednih, je približno dvakrat večja od predpisane rezerve z obsegom 1185 ton na teden.
Even assuming that plant capacity is not fully utilised in 3-shift 7-day operation or is not used continuously for 7 days, sufficient operational spare capacity is available to ensure the required epidemic reserve.
Tudi ob predpostavki, da zmogljivost obrata ni v celoti izkoriščena s triizmenskim sedemdnevnim obratovanjem ali se ne izkorišča neprekinjeno sedem dni, je za zagotovitev zahtevane rezerve za epidemije na razpolago zadostna operativna prosta zmogljivost.
As the comparison of the prescribed epidemic reserve of 1185 tonnes a week with the spare capacity available in the ZT’s plant according to the ISPA-RP-study [54], the ZT has sufficient operational spare capacity in the night and at the weekend:
V zvezi s primerjavo predpisane rezerve za epidemije z obsegom 1185 ton na teden s prosto zmogljivostjo, ki je glede na študijo ISPA-RP na razpolago v obratu podjetja ZT [54], ima podjetje ZT ponoči in ob vikendih dovolj operativne zmogljivosti:
The ZT’s available spare capacity compared with the prescribed epidemic reserve (based on average capacity utilisation from 1998 to 2009)
Razpoložljiva prosta zmogljivost podjetja ZT v primerjavi s predpisano rezervo za epidemije (na podlagi povprečne izkoriščenosti zmogljivosti v obdobju 1998–2009)
Type of operation
Vrsta obratovanja
Total capacity
Skupna zmogljivost
Available spare capacity
Razpoložljiva prosta zmogljivost
Epidemic reserve under the Verbandsordnung
Rezerva za epidemije po statutu podjetja ZT
Spare capacity after deducting the epidemic reserve
Prosta zmogljivost po odbitku rezerve za epidemije
Due to level of utilisation
zaradi stopnje izkoriščenosti
Due to operational factors
zaradi operativnih dejavnikov
2 shifts on 5 days maximum capacity
Največja zmogljivost v dveh izmenah v petih dneh
3 shifts on 5 days maximum capacity
Največja zmogljivost v treh izmenah v petih dneh
3 shifts on 7 days normal capacity
Normalna zmogljivost v treh izmenah v sedmih dneh
3 shifts on 7 days maximum capacity
Največja zmogljivost v treh izmenah v sedmih dneh
This, then, confirms that the ZT — like undertakings in the other Länder — has sufficient operational spare capacity for the epidemic reserve.
Navedeno potrjuje, da ima podjetje ZT, tako kot podjetja v drugih deželah, dovolj operativne zmogljivosti za rezervo za epidemije.
Consequently the ZT never needed to construct additional capacity in order to provide an epidemic reserve.
Posledično podjetju ZT nikoli ni bilo treba ustvariti dodatne zmogljivosti, da bi zagotovilo rezervo za epidemije.
The ZT therefore did not incur any net costs from the obligation.
Zato v podjetju ZT zaradi obveznosti niso nastali nobeni neto stroški.
However, Germany goes on to argue that under the law the ZT is not allowed to include in the disposal charges the costs of spare capacity that is used only in the event of an epidemic, since that epidemic reserve would be of public benefit.
Vendar Nemčija nadalje trdi, da podjetju ZT v okviru prava ni dovoljeno, da v dajatve za odstranjevanje vključi stroške proste zmogljivosti, ki se izkorišča samo v primeru epidemije, saj bi se ta rezerva za epidemije obravnavala kot javna korist.
The results of the Länder survey and complainant’s contracts that have been submitted show, however, that irrespective of the legal form of the disposal undertaking or the calculation rule to be applied, all capacity costs are financed by operating revenue without exception.
Vendar rezultati raziskave v zveznih deželah in predložene pogodbe pritožnika kažejo, da se ne glede na pravno obliko podjetja za odstranjevanje ali pravilo izračuna, ki se uporablja, vsi stroški zmogljivosti brez izjeme financirajo s prihodki iz poslovanja.
This is also clearly apparent in § 8 KAG RP, which states that ‘the costs underlying the usage charges and recurring contributions are to be determined in accordance with the business principles of cost accounting’.
To je jasno razvidno tudi iz člena 8 akta KAG RP, ki določa, da je treba „stroške, ki so osnova dajatev za uporabo in tekočih prispevkov, […] določiti v skladu s poslovnimi načeli stroškovnega računovodstva“.
In other words the cost of the operational spare capacity has to be included in the charges on a proportional basis, as there is a causal connection with the disposal of internal and external material in normal operation.
Z drugimi besedami, stroške operativne proste zmogljivosti je treba sorazmerno vključiti v dajatve, saj pri normalnem obratovanju obstaja vzročna povezava z odstranjevanjem notranjih in zunanjih snovi.
The BVerwG also rightly found in its judgment that the cost of operational spare capacity must be financed by income from the disposal of internal and external material [55].
Sodišče BVerwG je v svoji sodbi prav tako pravilno ugotovilo, da je treba stroške operativne proste zmogljivosti financirati z dohodkom iz odstranjevanja notranjih in zunanjih snovi [55].
Consequently if — as in the case of the ZT — the prescribed epidemic reserve can be provided from the operational spare capacity, there is no need for an annual contribution.
Če se lahko predpisana rezerva za epidemije zagotovi iz operativne proste zmogljivosti, tako kot v primeru podjetja ZT, ni potrebe po letnem prispevku.
Finally Germany argues in justification of the annual contribution that all operational spare capacity costs in the third shift during the week are the result of the obligation to maintain the epidemic reserve.
Nemčija pri utemeljevanju letnega prispevka trdi, da so celotni stroški operativne proste zmogljivosti v tretji izmeni med tednom posledica obveznosti vzdrževanja rezerve za epidemije.
Without that obligation the ZT would be able to make full use of its technical maximum capacity in 5-day 3-shift operation.
Podjetje ZT bi lahko brez te obveznosti s petdnevnim triizmenskim obratovanjem v celoti izkoristilo svojo največjo tehnično zmogljivost.
However, Germany has produced no evidence to show that there would no longer be any operational spare capacity during the week if there were no obligation to maintain the epidemic reserve.
Vendar Nemčija ni predložila nobenih dokazov, ki bi pokazali, da brez obveznosti vzdrževanja rezerve za epidemije med tednom ne bi bilo nobene operativne proste zmogljivosti.
Rather it appears — for example from ISPA-NS study — that even undertakings which only dispose of category 3 material and are therefore under no obligation whatsoever to maintain an epidemic reserve, have considerable spare capacity and finance their entire capacity costs through their charges.
Prej se zdi (na primer na podlagi študije ISPA-NS), da imajo celo podjetja, ki odstranjujejo samo snovi kategorije 3 in nikakor niso zavezana k vzdrževanju rezerve za epidemije, precejšnjo prosto zmogljivost ter svoje celotne stroške zmogljivosti financirajo s svojimi dajatvami.
Available spare capacity exceeds the prescribed epidemic reserve
Razpoložljiva prosta zmogljivost presega predpisano rezervo za epidemije
As Table 3 shows, the ZT has far greater spare capacity than necessary to provide the prescribed epidemic reserve.
Kot kaže preglednica 3, ima podjetje ZT veliko več proste zmogljivosti, kot je potrebno za zagotavljanje predpisane rezerve za epidemije.
The spare capacity available in the short term is more than twice what is needed in the event of an outbreak of disease.
Kratkoročno razpoložljiva prosta zmogljivost je več kot dvakrat večja od tiste, ki je potrebna v primeru izbruha bolezni.
Figure 2 shows that in some years up to 25 % of just the normal capacity remained unused in 5-day 2-shift operation.
Slika 2 kaže, da je v nekaterih letih med petdnevnim dvoizmenskim obratovanjem tudi do 25 % normalne zmogljivosti ostalo neizkoriščene.
The cost of spare capacity that is not needed at all for the prescribed epidemic reserve cannot be included in the net costs.
Stroškov proste zmogljivosti, ki za predpisano rezervo za epidemije sploh ni potrebna, ni mogoče vključiti v neto stroške.
The calculations of net costs submitted by Germany therefore have to be rejected, as they incorrectly attribute the cost of all spare capacity to the epidemic reserve.
Zato je treba izračune neto stroškov, ki jih je predložila Nemčija, zavrniti, saj stroške celotne proste zmogljivosti nepravilno pripisujejo rezervi za epidemije.
The ISPA-RP and the Fraunhofer study show that the ZT’s available spare capacity was even sufficient to cope with an FMD outbreak throughout the Land within three months.
Študiji ISPA-RP in Fraunhofer kažeta, da je razpoložljiva prosta zmogljivost podjetja ZT zadostovala celo za trimesečno spopadanje z izbruhom SIP po vsej deželi.
Yet the ZT has never been required to maintain the epidemic reserve for a period longer than six weeks.
Kljub temu se od podjetja ZT ni nikoli zahtevalo, naj vzdržuje rezervo za epidemije za obdobje, daljše od šestih tednov.
In other words the association’s members never obliged the ZT to make a longer-term epidemic reserve available beyond six weeks in order for the ZT alone to be able to cope with a lengthy outbreak of disease throughout the Land.
Z drugimi besedami, člani združenja niso nikoli zavezali podjetja ZT k vzdrževanju bolj dolgoročne rezerve za epidemije, razpoložljive dlje kot šest tednov, da bi se lahko podjetje ZT samo spopadalo z daljšimi izbruhi bolezni v deželi.
The comparison with the capacity needed to cope with an FMD outbreak across the whole Land is irrelevant [56].
Primerjava z zmogljivostjo, potrebno za spopadanje z izbruhom SIP v celotni deželi, je brez pomena [56].
The fact that the ZT’s plant capacity is substantially higher than required by the Verbandsordnung is borne out by the following: the ZT is obliged by the Verbandsordnung to process internal Category 1 and 2 material amounting, on average, to some 900 tonnes a week [57].
Dejstvo, da je zmogljivost obrata podjetja ZT bistveno večja od tiste, ki je zahtevana s statutom podjetja ZT, razkriva naslednje: statut podjetje ZT zavezuje, da mora povprečno predelati 900 ton notranjih snovi kategorij 1 in 2 na teden [57].
If the prescribed epidemic reserve of 1185 tonnes a week is added in, the ZT would require a plant with a capacity of 2085 tonnes a week in 3-shift 7-day operation in order to meet its obligations under the Verbandsordnung.
Če se temu doda predpisana rezerva za epidemije z obsegom 1185 ton na teden, bi podjetje ZT potrebovalo obrat z zmogljivostjo 2085 ton na teden v triizmenskem sedemdnevnem obratovanju, da bi izpolnilo obveznost iz statuta.
In actual fact, however, the ZT’s plants have a maximum capacity of 4536 tonnes a week.
Vendar je največja možna zmogljivost obratov podjetja ZT dejansko 4536 ton na teden.
The ZT, then, operates plant with twice the capacity required for the tasks laid down in the Verbandsordnung.
Tako podjetje ZT obratuje z obratom z dvakrat večjo zmogljivostjo od tiste, ki se zahteva za naloge, določene s statutom.
As the ZT has far greater capacity than is required to fulfil its public tasks, it cannot have incurred any net costs because of the obligation to maintain the epidemic reserve.
Ker je zmogljivost podjetja ZT veliko večja od tiste, ki se zahteva za izpolnjevanje njegovih javnih nalog, v podjetju niso mogli nastati nobeni neto stroški zaradi obveznosti vzdrževanja rezerve za epidemije.
In conclusion it can be said that Germany has not been able to show that the ZT incurred net costs from the obligation to maintain the epidemic reserve.
Nemčija torej ni dokazala, da so v podjetju ZT zaradi obveznosti vzdrževanja rezerve za epidemije nastali neto stroški.
Examination has shown that the annual contributions finance the cost of spare capacity that is operationally available in normal operation (and should therefore be financed by the fees and charges for these services) or that is available because insufficient use of made of capacity at the ZT’s plants.
Preučitev je pokazala, da se z letnimi prispevki financirajo stroški proste zmogljivosti, ki je operativno razpoložljiva med običajnim obratovanjem (in bi se zato morala financirati s pristojbinami in dajatvami za te storitve) ali ki je razpoložljiva zaradi nezadostne izkoriščenosti zmogljivosti obratov podjetja ZT.
Altmark criterion 4
Četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark
The fourth Altmark criterion states that, where the undertaking that is to discharge public service obligations is not chosen in a public procurement procedure that would allow for the selection of the tenderer capable of providing those services at the least cost to the community, the level of compensation needed must be determined on the basis of an analysis of the costs which a typical, well run undertaking would have incurred in discharging those obligations, taking into account the relevant receipts and a reasonable profit for discharging the obligations.
Četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark določa, da v primeru, če podjetje, ki se mu naložijo obveznosti opravljanja javnih storitev, ni izbrano s postopkom oddaje javnega naročila, ki omogoča, da se izbere tisti ponudnik, ki lahko te storitve opravlja z najnižjimi stroški za skupnost, se mora raven potrebnega nadomestila določiti na podlagi analize stroškov, ki bi jih povprečno, dobro vodeno podjetje imelo pri izpolnjevanju teh obveznosti ob upoštevanju realiziranih prejemkov in razumnega dobička zaradi izpolnjevanja teh obveznosti.
The four Altmark criteria set out the conditions for allowing any exception to the principle that compensation payments constitute an advantage.
Navedena štiri merila iz sodbe Altmark določajo pogoje, pod katerimi se dopusti izjema od načela, da nadomestila pomenijo prednost.
It is therefore for the Member State to prove that the conditions are met.
Zato morajo države članice dokazati, da so izpolnjena.
The ZT was not selected via a procurement procedure, nor has Germany produced any evidence that the ZT is a typical well run undertaking.
Podjetje ZT ni bilo izbrano s postopkom oddaje javnega naročila, prav tako pa Nemčija ni predložila nobenih dokazov, da je podjetje ZT povprečno, dobro vodeno podjetje.
Germany has therefore failed to show that the fourth Altmark criterion is met.
Tako Nemčija ni dokazala, da je četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark izpolnjeno.
The high charges for disposing of animal carcases in Rhineland-Palatinate and the need for financing through an annual contribution that does not exist in any other Land, also suggest that the ZT is not a typical, well run undertaking.
Visoke dajatve za odstranjevanje živalskih trupel v zvezni deželi Porenje-Pfalz in potreba po financiranju z letnim prispevkom, ki ne obstaja v nobeni drugi deželi, prav tako kažejo, da podjetje ZT ni povprečno, dobro vodeno podjetje.
The fourth Altmark criterion is therefore not met.
Zato četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark ni izpolnjeno.
The BVerwG held that the fourth Altmark criterion did not apply to the ZT because the annual contribution was not to compensate it for the extra costs entailed by taking on a public service obligation within the context of an otherwise commercial activity, but to finance the official performance of a public task outside the market.
Sodišče BVerwG je razsodilo, da četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark ne velja za podjetje ZT, ker namen letnega prispevka ni bil vračilo dodatnih stroškov, nastalih zaradi prevzema obveznosti javne storitve v okviru sicer komercialne dejavnosti, ampak financiranje uradnega izvajanja javne naloge zunaj trga.
The official nature of performance of this task derived, in the view of the BVerwG, from the political decision of the regional and local authorities that are the members of the association to award the disposal of category 1 and 2 material in-house.
Uradna narava izvajanja te naloge je po mnenju sodišča BVerwG izhajala iz politične odločitve regionalnih in lokalnih organov, ki so člani združenja, da se odstranjevanje snovi kategorij 1 in 2 dodeli interno.
The BVerwG based its interpretation on the Court of Justice ruling in Stadtreinigung Hamburg [58].
Razlaga sodišča BVerwG je temeljila na sodbi Sodišča v zadevi Stadtreinigung Hamburg [58].
In the BVerwG’s view the fourth Altmark criterion presupposes that the public service obligation is to be performed by a private undertaking.
Po mnenju sodišča BVerwG četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark predpostavlja, da mora obveznost javnih storitev opravljati zasebno podjetje.
Since this is not the case where the award is in-house, the fourth Altmark criterion is not applicable to undertakings entrusted through in-house award [59].
Ker to v primeru interne dodelitve ne drži, četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark ne velja za podjetja, pooblaščena z interno dodelitvijo [59].
The Commission does not share the view taken by the BVerwG.
Komisija se ne strinja z mnenjem sodišča BVerwG.
Firstly, there is nothing in the fourth Altmark criterion to suggest that it is not applicable in the case of in-house award.
Prvič, četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark, kakor ga je oblikovalo Sodišče, ne določa, da se ne uporablja v primeru interne dodelitve.
On the contrary: by giving two alternatives (either a procurement procedure or analysis of the costs that a typically well run undertaking would bear) the Court of Justice showed that the fourth Altmark criterion is applicable even if no procurement procedure was carried out, and hence especially in the case of in-house award.
Ravno nasprotno, Sodišče je z omogočanjem dveh nadomestnih možnosti (bodisi postopka oddaje naročila ali analize stroškov, ki bi jih krilo povprečno, dobro vodeno podjetje) pokazalo, da se četrto merilo iz sodbe Altmark uporablja tudi takrat, kadar se postopek oddaje naročila ni izvedel, torej zlasti v primeru interne dodelitve.
The ruling in Stadtreinigung Hamburg only concerned when an obligation to award exists, and when not.
Odločitev v zadevi Stadtreinigung Hamburg se je nanašala samo na vprašanje, kdaj obstaja obveznost dodelitve in kdaj ne.
Absolutely no conclusion can be drawn as regards the law on aid.
V zvezi z zakonodajo o pomoči ni mogoče izpeljati nobenega zaključka.
Quite the contrary: the second alternative of the fourth Altmark criterion concerns precisely the case where there is no obligation to hold a procurement procedure.
Ravno nasprotno, druga nadomestna možnost iz četrtega merila iz sodbe Altmark se nanaša prav na primer, v katerem ni obveznosti za izvedbo postopka oddaje naročila.
Moreover, the BVerwG proceeds from the assumption that the ZT’s regional monopoly meant that it was not in competition with other undertakings and that there might be no distortion of competition.
Tako sodišče BVerwG daje vtis, da je regionalni monopol podjetja ZT pomenil, da podjetje ni konkuriralo z drugimi podjetji in da morda ni bilo izkrivljanja konkurence.
Distortion of competition, however, is a separate constituent element of the concept of aid that is distinct from the element of economic advantage (the context in which the four Altmark criteria were developed).
Vendar je izkrivljanje konkurence ločen temeljni element pojma pomoči, ki se razlikuje od elementa gospodarske prednosti (okvir, v katerem so bila razvita štiri merila iz sodbe Altmark).
The constituent element of distortion of competition is met in the present case (see section 8.3).
Temeljni element izkrivljanja konkurence je prisoten v obravnavanem primeru (glej oddelek 8.3).
The Commission also explicitly pointed out in paragraph 37 of its communication on the application of the aid rules of the European Union to compensation for the performance of services of general economic interest (the SGEI communication) [60] that an in-house award does not rule out distortion of competition.
Komisija je v odstavku 37 svojega sporočila o uporabi pravil Evropske unije o pomoči za nadomestilo, dodeljeno za opravljanje storitev splošnega gospodarskega pomena (sporočilo o storitvah splošnega gospodarskega pomena) [60], tudi izrecno potrdila, da interna dodelitev ne izključuje izkrivljanja konkurence.
Finally, the emphasis placed by the BVerwG on the official nature of the ZT’s activity raises the question of whether the BVerwG rejected the applicability of the fourth Altmark criterion because it assumed that the ZT was not carrying out an economic activity.
Poudarek, ki ga sodišče BVerwG daje uradni naravi dejavnosti podjetja ZT, sproža vprašanje, ali je sodišče BVerwG izrecno zavrnilo uporabo četrtega merila iz sodbe Altmark, ker je domnevalo, da podjetje ZT ni izvajalo gospodarske dejavnosti.
This, too, is incorrect: the ZT offers a service in return for payment, and is therefore performing an economic activity (see section 8.2).
Tudi to ne drži, saj podjetje ZT nudi storitev v zameno za plačilo in zato izvaja gospodarsko dejavnost (glej oddelek 8.2).
The Commission also explicitly confirmed this in paragraph 13 of the SGEI communication.
Komisija je to tudi izrecno potrdila v odstavku 13 sporočila o storitvah splošnega gospodarskega pomena.
Conclusion as regards the existence of economic advantages for the ZT
Sklep v zvezi z obstojem gospodarskih prednosti za podjetje ZT
Contrary to the BVerwG ruling and Germany’s argument, the criteria of the Altmark ruling are not met.
V nasprotju z odločitvijo sodišča BVerwG in argumentom Nemčije merila iz sodbe Altmark niso izpolnjena.
Firstly, the annual contributions cannot be justified in essence as State compensation payments for the obligations taken on by the ZT, since all the costs associated with those obligations have to be covered by income from charges.
Prvič, letni prispevki v bistvu ne morejo biti upravičeni kot državna nadomestila za obveznosti, ki jih je prevzelo podjetje ZT, saj morajo biti vsi stroški v zvezi s temi obveznostmi kriti z dohodki iz dajatev.