natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In particular, these BAT conclusions cover the following processes and activities:
Zaključki o BAT zajemajo zlasti naslednje postopke in dejavnosti:
the storage of salt;
shranjevanje soli,
the preparation, purification and resaturation of brine;
pripravo, čiščenje in ponovno nasičenje slanice,
the electrolysis of brine;
elektrolizo slanice,
the concentration, purification, storage and handling of sodium/potassium hydroxide;
koncentriranje, čiščenje in shranjevanje natrija/kalijevega hidroksida ter ravnanje z njima,
the cooling, drying, purification, compression, liquefaction, storage and handling of chlorine;
hlajenje, sušenje, čiščenje, stiskanje, utekočinjenje in shranjevanje klora ter ravnanje z njim,
the cooling, purification, compression, storage and handling of hydrogen;
hlajenje, čiščenje, stiskanje in shranjevanje vodika ter ravnanje z njim,
the conversion of mercury cell plants to membrane cell plants;
zamenjava naprav z živosrebrovimi celicami z napravami z membranskimi celicami,
the decommissioning of mercury cell plants;
razgradnjo naprav z živosrebrovimi celicami,
the remediation of chlor-alkali production sites.
sanacijo kraja kjer je potekala klor-alkalna proizvodnja.
These BAT conclusions do not address the following activities or processes:
V teh zaključkih o BAT se ne obravnavajo naslednje dejavnosti ali postopki:
the electrolysis of hydrochloric acid for the production of chlorine;
elektroliza klorovodikove kisline za proizvodnjo klora,
the electrolysis of brine for the production of sodium chlorate; this is covered by the BAT reference document on Large Volume Inorganic Chemicals – Solids and Others Industry (LVIC-S);
elektroliza slanice za proizvodnjo natrijevega klorata; to je zajeto v referenčnem dokumentu o najboljših razpoložljivih tehnikah za proizvodnjo v industriji anorganskih kemikalij v velikih količinah – industriji trdnih in drugih kemikalij (LVIC-S),
the electrolysis of molten salts for the production of alkali or alkaline earth metals and chlorine; this is covered by the BAT reference document on Non-ferrous Metals Industries (NFM);
elektroliza taline soli za proizvodnjo alkalijskih ali zemljoalkalijskih kovin in klora; to je zajeto v referenčnem dokumentu o najboljših razpoložljivih tehnikah za industrijo neželeznih kovin (NFM),
the production of specialities such as alcoholates, dithionites and alkali metals by using alkali metal amalgam produced with the mercury cell technique;
proizvodnja posebnih snovi, kot so alkoholati, ditioniti in alkalijske kovine z uporabo amalgama alkalijskih kovin, proizvedenih s postopkom z živosrebrovo celico,
the production of chlorine, hydrogen or sodium/potassium hydroxide by processes other than electrolysis.
proizvodnja klora, vodika ali natrijevega/kalijevega hidroksida z neelektroliznimi postopki.
These BAT conclusions do not address the following aspects of chlor-alkali production as they are covered by the BAT reference document on Common Waste Water and Waste Gas Treatment/Management Systems in the Chemical Sector (CWW);
V zaključkih o BAT se ne obravnavajo naslednji vidiki proizvodnje klor-alkalnih izdelkov, ker so zajeti v referenčnih dokumentih o najboljših razpoložljivih tehnikah za obdelavo odpadnih voda in plinov ter ravnanje z njimi v kemični industriji (CWW), in sicer:
the treatment of waste water in a downstream treatment plant;
končna obdelava odpadne vode v čistilni napravi,
environmental management systems;
sistemi ravnanja z okoljem,
noise emissions.
emisije hrupa.
Other reference documents which are of relevance for the activities covered by these BAT conclusions are the following:
Drugi referenčni dokumenti, ki so pomembni za dejavnosti, vključene v te zaključke o BAT, so:
Common Waste Water and Waste Gas Treatment/Management Systems in the Chemical Sector BREF (CWW)
Obdelava odpadnih voda in plinov ter ravnanje z njimi v kemični industriji (CWW)
Common waste water and waste gas treatment/management systems
naprave za obdelavo odpadnih voda in plinov/sistemi upravljanja
Economics and cross-media effects of techniques
gospodarski učinki tehnik in učinki tehnik na različne prvine okolja
Storage and handling of materials
skladiščenje materialov in ravnanje z njimi
Energy Efficiency (ENE)
Energijska učinkovitost (ENE)
General aspects of energy efficiency
splošni vidiki energijske učinkovitosti
Industrial Cooling Systems (ICS)
Industrijski hladilni sistemi (ICS)
Indirect cooling with water
posredno ohlajanje z vodo
Large Combustion Plants (LCP)
Velike kurilne naprave (LCP)
Combustion plants with a rated thermal input of 50 MW or more
kurilne naprave z nazivno vhodno toplotno močjo 50 MW ali več
General Principles of Monitoring (MON)
Splošna načela monitoringa (MON)
General aspects of emissions and consumption monitoring
splošni vidiki monitoringa emisij in porabe
Waste incineration
sežiganje odpadkov
Waste Treatments Industries (WT)
Ravnanje z odpadki (WT)
Waste treatment
obdelava odpadkov
The techniques listed and described in these BAT conclusions are neither prescriptive nor exhaustive.
Tehnike, navedene in opisane v teh zaključkih o BAT, niso niti zavezujoče niti izčrpne.
Other techniques may be used that ensure at least an equivalent level of environmental protection.
Uporabljajo se lahko druge tehnike, s katerimi se zagotavlja vsaj enakovredna stopnja varstva okolja.
Unless otherwise stated, the BAT conclusions are generally applicable.
Če ni navedeno drugače, se zaključki o BAT uporabljajo za vse naprave.
Emission levels associated with the best available techniques (BAT-AELs) for emissions to air given in these BAT conclusions refer to:
V teh zaključkih o BAT se ravni emisij, povezane z najboljšimi razpoložljivimi tehnikami, za emisije v zrak, nanašajo na:
concentration levels expressed as mass of emitted substances per volume of waste gas under standard conditions (273,15 K, 101,3 kPa), after deduction of the water content but without correction of the oxygen content, with the unit mg/m3;
ravni koncentracij, izražene kot masa izpuščenih snovi na prostornino odpadnega plina pod standardnimi pogoji (273,15 K, 101,3 kPa) po odbitku vsebnosti vodnih hlapov, a brez korekcije vsebnosti kisika, v enoti mg/m3,
BAT-AELs for emissions to water given in these BAT conclusions refer to:
v teh zaključkih o BAT se ravni emisij, povezane z najboljšimi razpoložljivimi tehnikami, za emisije v vodo nanašajo na:
concentration levels expressed as mass of emitted substances per volume of waste water, with the unit mg/l.
ravni koncentracij, izražene kot masa izpuščenih snovi na prostornino odpadne vode v enoti mg/l.
A plant first operated at the installation following the publication of these BAT conclusions or a complete replacement of a plant on the existing foundations of the installation following the publication of these BAT conclusions.
Naprava, ki začne obratovati po objavi teh zaključkov o BAT, ali popolna nadomestitev naprave na istem kraju po objavi teh zaključkov o BAT.
A plant which is not a new plant.
Naprava, ki ni nova naprava.
New chlorine liquefaction unit
Nova enota za utekočinjenje klora
A chlorine liquefaction unit first operated at the plant following the publication of these BAT conclusions or a complete replacement of a chlorine liquefaction unit following the publication of these BAT conclusions.
Nova enota za utekočinjenje klora, ki začne obratovati v napravi po objavi teh zaključkov o BAT, ali popolna nadomestitev enote za utekočinjenje klora po objavi teh zaključkov o BAT.
Chlorine and chlorine dioxide, expressed as Cl2
Klor in klorov dioksid, izražen kot Cl2
The sum of chlorine (Cl2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2), measured together and expressed as chlorine (Cl2).
Vsota klora (Cl2) in klorovega dioksida (ClO2), izmerjena in izražena kot klor (Cl2).
Free chlorine, expressed as Cl2
Prosti klor, izražen kot Cl2
The sum of dissolved elementary chlorine, hypochlorite, hypochlorous acid, dissolved elementary bromine, hypobromite, and hypobromic acid, measured together and expressed as Cl2
Vsota raztopljenega osnovnega klora, hipoklorita, hipoklorove kisline, raztopljenega elementarnega broma, hipobromita in hipobromove kisline, izmerjena in izražena kot Cl2.
Mercury, expressed as Hg
Živo srebro, izraženo kot Hg
The sum of all inorganic and organic mercury species, measured together and expressed as Hg.
Vsota vseh anorganskih in organskih spojin živega srebra, izmerjena in izražena kot Hg.
BAT 1: BAT for the production of chlor-alkali is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
BAT 1: Najboljša razpoložljiva tehnika v klor-alkalni proizvodnji je uporaba ene ali kombinacije več tehnik, navedenih v nadaljevanju.
The mercury cell technique cannot be considered BAT under any circumstances.
Postopka z živosrebrovo celico nikakor ni mogoče obravnavati kot BAT.
The use of asbestos diaphragms is not BAT.
Tudi uporaba azbestnih diafragem ni BAT.
Bipolar membrane cell technique
postopek z bipolarno membransko celico
Membrane cells consist of an anode and a cathode separated by a membrane.
Membranska celica je sestavljena iz anode in katode, ki ju ločuje membrana.
In a bipolar configuration, individual membrane cells are electrically connected in series.
Pri bipolarni konfiguraciji so posamezne membranske celice električno vezane zaporedno.
Generally applicable.
Se splošno uporablja.
Monopolar membrane cell technique
Postopek z monopolarno membransko celico
In a monopolar configuration, individual membrane cells are electrically connected in parallel.
Pri monopolarni konfiguraciji so posamezne membranske celice električno vezane vzporedno.
Not applicable to new plants with a chlorine capacity of > 20 kt/yr.
Se ne uporablja za nove naprave z zmogljivostjo proizvodnje klora > 20 kt/leto.
Asbestos-free diaphragm cell technique
postopek z diafragemsko celico brez azbesta
Asbestos-free diaphragm cells consist of an anode and a cathode separated by an asbestos-free diaphragm.
Diafragemska celica brez azbesta je sestavljena iz anode in katode, ki ju ločuje diafragma brez azbesta.
Individual diaphragm cells are electrically connected in series (bipolar) or in parallel (monopolar).
Posamezne diafragemske celice so električno vezane zaporedno (bipolarno) ali vzporedno (monopolarno).
BAT 2: In order to reduce emissions of mercury and to reduce the generation of waste contaminated with mercury during the decommissioning or conversion of mercury cell plants, BAT is to elaborate and implement a decommissioning plan that incorporates all of the following features:
BAT 2: Najboljša razpoložljiva tehnika za zmanjšanje emisij živega srebra in nastajanja odpadkov, ki se med razgradnjo ali zamenjavo naprav z živosrebrovimi celicami onesnažijo z živim srebrom, je priprava in izvedba načrta za razgradnjo, v katerega so vključeni vsi naslednji elementi:
inclusion of some of the staff experienced in running the former plant at all stages of elaboration and implementation;
vključitev nekaterih uslužbencev, ki imajo izkušnje z upravljanjem nekdanje naprave, v vse stopnje priprave in izvedbe;
provision of procedures and instructions for all stages of implementation;
zagotavljanje postopkov in navodil na vseh stopnjah izvedbe;
provision of a detailed training and supervision programme for personnel with no experience in mercury handling;
zagotavljanje programa poglobljenega usposabljanja in nadzora za uslužbence, ki nimajo izkušenj z ravnanjem z živim srebrom;
determination of the quantity of metallic mercury to be recovered and estimation of the quantity of waste to be disposed of and of the mercury contamination contained therein;
določitev količine kovinskega živega srebra za predelavo ter ocena količine odpadkov, ki jih je treba odstraniti, in onesnaženosti z živim srebrom v teh odpadkih;
provision of working areas which are:
zagotavljanje, da so delovna območja:
covered with a roof;
pokrita s streho;
equipped with a smooth, sloped, impervious floor to direct mercury spills to a collection sump;
opremljena s tlemi, ki so gladka, imajo naklon in so neprepustna, da se razlito živo srebro usmeri v zbiralnik;
well lit;
dobro osvetljena;
free of obstructions and debris that may absorb mercury;
brez ovir in drobirja, ki bi lahko absorbirali živo srebro;
equipped with a water supply for washing;
opremljena s sistemom za oskrbo z vodo za umivanje;
connected to a waste water treatment system.
povezana s sistemom za čiščenje odpadne vode;
emptying of the cells and transfer of metallic mercury to containers by:
praznjenje celic in prenos kovinskega živega srebra v posode, tako da se:
keeping the system closed, if possible;
po možnosti vzdržuje zaprt sistem;
washing of mercury;
živo srebro spira;
using gravity transfer, if possible;
po možnosti uporabi prenos s težnostjo;
removing solid impurities from mercury, if necessary;
iz živega srebra po potrebi odstranijo trdne nečistoče;
filling the containers to ≤ 80 % of their volumetric capacity;
posode napolnijo do ≤ 80 % prostornine;
hermetically sealing the containers after filling;
posode po polnjenju hermetično zaprejo;
washing of the empty cells, followed by filling with water.
prazne celice sperejo, nato pa napolnijo z vodo;
carrying out of all dismantling and demolition operations by:
izvedba vseh dejavnosti razgradnje in uničenja, tako da se:
replacing hot cutting of equipment by cold cutting, if possible;
vroče rezanje opreme po možnosti zamenja s hladnim rezanjem;
storing contaminated equipment in suitable areas;
onesnažena oprema hrani na ustreznih območjih;
frequent washing of the floor of the working area;
tla na delovnem območju pogosto spirajo;
rapid clean-up of mercury spills by using aspiration equipment with activated carbon filters;
razlito živo srebro hitro očisti z uporabo opreme za sesanje s filtri z aktivnim ogljem;
accounting of waste streams;
evidentirajo tokovi odpadkov;
separating mercury-contaminated waste from non-contaminated waste;
odpadki, onesnaženi z živim srebrom, ločujejo od odpadkov, ki niso onesnaženi;
decontaminating waste contaminated with mercury by using mechanical and physical treatment techniques (e.g. washing, ultrasonic vibration, vacuum cleaners), chemical treatment techniques (e.g. washing with hypochlorite, chlorinated brine or hydrogen peroxide) and/or thermal treatment techniques (e.g. distillation/retorting);
odpadki, onesnaženi z živim srebrom, dekontaminirajo z uporabo mehanskih ali fizikalnih tehnik za obdelavo odpadkov (npr. splakovanje, ultrazvočna vibracija, sesalniki), kemijskih tehnik za obdelavo (npr. splakovanje s hipokloritom, klorirano slanico ali vodikovim peroksidom) in/ali toplotnih tehnik za obdelavo (npr. destilacija/avtoklaviranje);
reusing or recycling decontaminated equipment, if possible;
dekontaminirana oprema po možnosti znova uporabi ali reciklira;
decontaminating the cell room building by cleaning the walls and the floor, followed by coating or painting to give them an impermeable surface if the building is to be reused;
dekontaminira zgradbo, v kateri so bile postavljene celice, s čiščenjem zidov in tal, čemur sledi nanašanje prevleke ali barvanje, da postane njihova površina neprepustna, če se bo zgradba ponovno uporabila;
decontaminating or renewing the waste water collection systems in or around the plant;
v napravi ali okrog nje dekontaminira ali obnovi sistem za zbiranje odpadne vode;
confining the working area and treating ventilation air when high concentrations of mercury are expected (e.g. for high-pressure washing); treatment techniques for ventilation air include adsorption on iodised or sulphurised activated carbon, scrubbing with hypochlorite or chlorinated brine or adding chlorine to form solid dimercury dichloride;
delovno območje zapre in prezračevalni zrak čisti, kadar se pričakujejo visoke koncentracije živega srebra (npr. pri spiranju pod visokim pritiskom); med tehnike obdelave odvedenega prezračevalnega zraka spadajo adsorpcija na jodirano ali žveplano aktivno oglje, uporaba pralnika s hipokloritom ali klorirano slanico ali dodajanje klora, da se tvori trden diživosrebrov diklorid;
treating mercury-containing waste water, including laundry wash water arising from the cleaning of protective equipment;
obdela odpadna voda, ki vsebuje živo srebro, vključno z odpadno vodo, ki izhaja iz čiščenja zaščitne opreme;
monitoring of mercury in air, water and waste, including for an appropriate time after the finalisation of the decommissioning or conversion;
izvaja monitoring živega srebra v zraku, vodi in odpadkih, pri čemer se monitoring izvaja tudi ustrezno obdobje po končani razgradnji ali zamenjavi;
if needed, interim storage of metallic mercury on site in storage facilities that are:
po potrebi začasna hramba kovinskega živega srebra na kraju samem v skladiščih, ki so:
well lit and weatherproof;
dobro osvetljena in odporna na vremenske pogoje;
equipped with a suitable secondary containment capable of retaining 110 % of the liquid volume of any single container;
opremljena z ustreznim sekundarnim zadrževanjem, v katerem se lahko zadrži 110 % prostornine za tekočino katere koli posamezne posode;
equipped with aspiration equipment with activated carbon filters;
opremljena z opremo za sesanje s filtri z aktivnim ogljem;
periodically inspected, both visually and with mercury-monitoring equipment.
redno pregledana vizualno in z opremo za zaznavanje živega srebra;
if needed, transport, potential further treatment and disposal of waste.
po potrebi prevoz, morebitna dodatna obdelava in odstranjevanje odpadkov.
BAT 3: In order to reduce emissions of mercury to water during the decommissioning or conversion of mercury cell plants, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
BAT 3: Najboljša razpoložljiva tehnika za zmanjšanje emisij živega srebra v vodo med razgradnjo ali zamenjavo naprav z živosrebrovimi celicami je uporaba ene ali kombinacije več tehnik, navedenih v nadaljevanju.
Oxidation and ion exchange
oksidacija in ionska izmenjava
Oxidising agents such as hypochlorite, chlorine or hydrogen peroxide are used to fully convert mercury into its oxidised form, which is subsequently removed by ion-exchange resins.
Uporabijo se oksidanti, kot so hipoklorit, klor ali vodikov peroksid, da se živo srebro popolnoma pretvori v oksidirano obliko, ki se nato odstrani z ionsko izmenjalnimi smolami.
Oxidation and precipitation
oksidacija in obarjanje
Oxidising agents such as hypochlorite, chlorine or hydrogen peroxide are used to fully convert mercury into its oxidised form, which is subsequently removed by precipitation as mercury sulphide, followed by filtration.
Uporabijo se oksidanti, kot so hipoklorit, klor ali vodikov peroksid, da se živo srebro popolnoma pretvori v oksidirano obliko, ki se nato odstrani z obarjanjem kot živosrebrov sulfid, čemur sledi filtracija.
Reduction and adsorption on activated carbon
redukcija in adsorpcija na aktivno oglje
Reducing agents such as hydroxylamine are used to fully convert mercury into its elemental form, which is subsequently removed by coalescence and recovery of metallic mercury, followed by adsorption on activated carbon.
Uporabijo se reducenti, kot je hidroksilamin, da se živo srebro popolnoma pretvori v njegovo elementarno obliko, ki se nato odstrani z združitvijo in zajemanjem kovinskega živega srebra, čemur sledi adsorpcija na aktivno oglje.
The BAT-associated environmental performance level [1] for mercury emissions to water, expressed as Hg, at the outlet of the mercury treatment unit during decommissioning or conversion is 3 – 15 μg/l in 24-hour flow-proportional composite samples taken daily.
V času razgradnje ali zamenjave je raven okoljske učinkovitosti, povezane z BAT [1], za emisije živega srebra, izraženega kot Hg, v vodo na iztoku iz čistilne naprave za zmanjševanje živega srebra v odpadni vodi je 3–15 μg/l v 24-urnem vzorcu, ki se odvzema dnevno.
The associated monitoring is in BAT 7.
S tem povezan monitoring je v BAT 7.
BAT 4: In order to reduce the generation of waste water, BAT is to use a combination of the techniques given below.
BAT 4: Najboljša razpoložljiva tehnika za zmanjšanje nastajanja odpadne vode je uporaba kombinacije tehnik, navedenih v nadaljevanju.
Brine recirculation
recirkulacija slanice
The depleted brine from the electrolysis cells is resaturated with solid salt or by evaporation and fed back to the cells.
Izrabljeno slanico iz elektroliznih celic se ponovno nasiči s trdno soljo ali z izhlapevanjem in je ponovno uporabljena v celicah.
Not applicable to diaphragm cell plants.
Se ne uporablja v napravah z elektroliznimi celicami z diafragmo.
Not applicable to membrane cell plants using solution-mined brine when abundant salt and water resources and a saline receiving water body, which tolerates high chloride emission levels, are available.
Se ne uporablja v napravah z membranskimi celicami, v katerih uporabljajo slanico iz rudnikov, kadar so na voljo obilni viri soli in vode ter vodno telo, ki sprejema sol in dopušča visoke ravni emisije klorida.
Not applicable to membrane cell plants using the brine purge in other production units.
Se ne uporablja v napravah z membranskimi celicami, v katerih se izpust slanice uporablja v drugih proizvodnih enotah.
Recycling of other process streams
recikliranje drugih procesnih tokov
Process streams from the chlor-alkali plant such as condensates from chlorine, sodium/potassium hydroxide and hydrogen processing are fed back to various steps of the process.
Procesni tokovi iz klor-alkalne proizvodnje, kot so kondenzati iz postopkov pridobivanja klora, natrijevega/kalijevega hidroksida in vodika, se ponovno uporabijo na različnih stopnjah postopka.
The degree of recycling is limited by the purity requirements of the liquid stream to which the process stream is recycled and the water balance of the plant.
Stopnjo recikliranja omejujejo zahteve po čistosti tekočinskega toka, do katerega se lahko procesni tok reciklira, in vodna bilanca v obratu.
Recycling of salt-containing waste water from other production processes
recikliranje odpadne vode, ki vsebuje soli, iz drugih proizvodnih procesov
Salt-containing waste water from other production processes is treated and fed back into the brine system.
Odpadna voda, ki vsebuje soli, iz drugih proizvodnih procesov se obdela in ponovno uporabi v sistemu slanice.
The degree of recycling is limited by the purity requirements of the brine system and the water balance of the plant.
Stopnjo recikliranja omejujejo zahteve po čistosti sistema slanice in vodna bilanca v obratu.
Not applicable to plants where an additional treatment of this waste water offsets the environmental benefits.
Se ne uporablja v napravah, v katerih se z dodatno obdelavo te odpadne vode izravnajo okoljske koristi.
Use of waste water for solution mining
uporaba odpadne vode za pridobivanje soli z raztapljanjem v rudniku
Waste water from the chlor-alkali plant is treated and pumped back to the salt mine.
Odpadna voda iz klor-alkalne proizvodnje se obdela in črpa nazaj v rudnik soli.
Not applicable if the mine is located at a significantly higher altitude than the plant.
Se ne uporablja, če se rudnik nahaja na bistveno višji legi od naprave.
Concentration of brine filtration sludges
koncentracija mulja, ki nastane pri filtriranju slanice
Brine filtration sludges are concentrated in filter presses, rotary drum vacuum filters or centrifuges.
Mulj, ki nastane pri filtriranju slanice, se koncentrira v filtrskih stiskalnicah, rotacijskih vakuumskih bobnastih filtrih ali centrifugah.
The residual water is fed back into the brine system.
Ostanek vode se ponovno uporabi v sistemu slanice.
Not applicable if the brine filtration sludges can be removed as dry cake.
Se ne uporablja, če je mulj, ki nastane pri filtriranju slanice, mogoče odstraniti kot suho filtrno pogačo.
Not applicable to plants that reuse waste water for solution mining.
Se ne uporablja v napravah, ki ponovno uporabijo odpadno vodo za pridobivanje soli z raztapljanjem v rudniku.
Nanofiltration
nanofiltracija
A specific type of membrane filtration with membrane pore sizes of approximately 1 nm, used to concentrate sulphate in the brine purge, thereby reducing the waste water volume.
Posebna vrsta membranske filtracije z membranskimi porami v velikosti približno 1 nm se uporablja za koncentriranje sulfata v izpustu slanice, s čimer se zmanjša količina odpadne vode.