natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The production and feed-in is also independent of the prices as the operators are entitled to a statutory payment.
Proizvodnja in odjem sta tudi neodvisna od cen, ker so upravljavci upravičeni do zakonsko določenega plačila.
The EEG electricity is marketed by the TSOs on the spot market in conformity with statutory provisions, without any scope for manoeuvre.
Električno energijo EEG tržijo UPO na promptnem trgu v skladu z zakonskimi določbami in pri tem nimajo nobenega manevrskega prostora.
The Federal Cartel Office also noted that, according to the law, EEG electricity may be marketed directly, and a certain percentage of operators are using this opportunity.
Zvezni urad za varstvo konkurence je ugotovil tudi, da je po zakonu električno energijo EEG mogoče tržiti neposredno in določen odstotek upravljavcev uporablja to možnost.
EEG provides that EEG installation operators may switch between direct selling and receipt of the tariff payment under the EEG on the first day of the month.
EEG določa, da upravljavci objektov EEG lahko menjajo med neposredno prodajo in prejemom tarifnega plačila na podlagi EEG prvi dan v mesecu.
Depending on the market price forecast and depending on demand, EEG installation operators can thus decide each month, which form of selling is best for them.
Upravljavci objektov EEG se tako lahko glede na napoved glede tržne cene in povpraševanje vsak mesec odločijo, katera oblika prodaje je zanje ugodnejša.
However, this direct marketing will in the future only be of marginal importance.
Vendar bo to neposredno trženje v prihodnosti le postranskega pomena.
According to the amended EEG which entered into force at the beginning of 2012, EEG installation operators have — as indicated above — the option of marketing the electricity they produce themselves and receive a marketing premium as well.
V skladu s spremenjenim EEG, ki je začel veljati v začetku 2012, imajo upravljavci objektov EEG – kakor je navedeno zgoraj – možnost, da električno energijo, ki jo proizvedejo, tržijo sami in da prejemajo tudi premijo za trženje.
The marketing premium is to replace the difference between the fixed EEG remuneration and the monthly average price on the exchange determined ex post.
Premija za trženje nadomešča razliko med vnaprej določenim plačilom na podlagi EEG in povprečno mesečno ceno na borzi, ki se določi naknadno.
The taking-up of the marketing premium is however optional, i.e. EEG installation operators can remain in the fixed remuneration system or return to it any month.
Prevzem premije za trženje pa ni obvezen, tj. upravljavci objektov EEG lahko ostanejo v sistemu vnaprej določenega plačila, ali pa se vanj kateri koli mesec spet vrnejo.
The largest share of EEG electricity is, however, expected to be marketed via the transmission grid operators.
Vendar se pričakuje, da bodo največji delež električne energije EEG tržili upravljavci prenosnega omrežja.
Moreover, the market premium model will not alter the fact that the total remuneration level for EEG producers is not primarily determined by market prices [17].
Model premije za trženje tudi ne bo spremenil dejstva, da raven celotnega plačila za proizvajalce EEG ni določena predvsem na podlagi tržnih cen [17].
The Federal Cartel Office acknowledges therefore that, while EEG electricity exerts a competitive pressure on the electricity produced from conventional sources, the reverse is not true; therefore, EEG electricity cannot be included in the same market as the conventional electricity as the market conditions which prevail for the first sale significantly differ between these two generation forms.
Zato Zvezni urad za varstvo konkurence potrjuje, da medtem ko električna energija EEG izvaja konkurenčni pritisk na električno energijo, proizvedeno iz konvencionalnih virov, obratno ne drži. Zato električna energija EEG ne more biti vključena na isti trg kot konvencionalna električna energija, saj se tržni pogoji, ki veljajo za prvo prodajo, med tema dvema oblikama proizvodnje znatno razlikujejo.
The first sale of EEG electricity, moreover, mostly takes place via the transmission grid operators.
Prva prodaja električne energije EEG poteka pretežno preko upravljavcev prenosnih omrežij.
The market therefore evidently differs also from a demand-side perspective from the wholesale market for conventional electricity.
Zato je ta trg od veleprodajnega trga s konvencionalno električno energijo očitno drugačen tudi z vidika povpraševanja.
Taking into account the specificity of the German electricity market, for the purposes of evaluating the conditions laid down in Article 30(1) of Directive 2004/17/EC, and without prejudice to competition law, the relevant product market is hereby defined as the market for generation and first sale of electricity produced from conventional sources.
Ob upoštevanju specifičnosti nemškega trga z električno energijo je za namene ocenjevanja pogojev, določenih v členu 30(1) Direktive 2004/17/ES in brez poseganja v konkurenčno pravo, upoštevni proizvodni trg opredeljen kot trg za proizvodnjo in prvo prodajo električne energije, proizvedene iz konvencionalnih virov.
Generation and first sale of EEG electricity is not part of this market, for the reasons set out above, and it will be hereinafter assessed separately.
Proizvodnja in prva prodaja električne energije EEG zaradi zgoraj navedenih razlogov nista del tega trga in bosta zato ocenjeni ločeno.
Geographic market definition
Določitev geografskega trga
According to the application, the request pertains to activities on the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Glede na vlogo se prošnja nanaša na dejavnosti na ozemlju Zvezne republike Nemčije.
The applicant explores the possibility of a wider market including Germany and Austria based on several trends in respect of development of the regulatory framework, level of electricity imports and exports and market coupling and congestion management procedures, but eventually concludes that ‘the applicant cannot draw a final conclusion as to whether the German wholesale electricity market and relevant markets in neighbouring countries are sufficiently integrated at the moment so as to be considered a regional market’.
Vložnik proučuje možnost širšega trga, ki vključuje Nemčijo in Avstrijo, na podlagi trendov v zvezi z razvojem regulativnega okvira, ravnjo uvoza in izvoza električne energije ter spajanja trgov in postopkov upravljanja prezasedenosti, vendar na koncu ugotavlja, da „vložnik ne more dokončno ugotoviti, ali so nemški veleprodajni trg z elektriko in upoštevni trgi v sosednjih državah trenutno dovolj integrirani, da bi jih lahko obravnavali kot regionalni trg“.
The Federal Cartel Office, following the sectorial survey carried out, assumes that there is a common primary market for electricity in Germany and Austria.
Zvezni urad za varstvo konkurence po opravljeni sektorski raziskavi domneva, da za električno energijo v Nemčiji in Avstriji obstaja skupen primarni trg.
This conclusion is based on the absence of bottlenecks at the border interconnectors between Germany and Austria and the standard marketing and pricing area on the European Power Exchange S.E.
Ta ugotovitev temelji na odsotnosti ozkih grl na povezovalnih vodih na meji med Nemčijo in Avstrijo ter na enotnem trženju in cenovnem območju na European Power Exchange S.E.
Previous Commission practice mostly defined the electricity markets as being national in scope [18] or even smaller [19].
Dosedanja praksa Komisije je trge z električno energijo večinoma opredeljevala po obsegu kot nacionalne [18] ali celo manjše [19].
Occasionally, it has left open the possibility of wider than national markets [20].
Občasno pušča odprto možnost, da so trgi širši od nacionalnih [20].
The Commission considers that for the purposes of evaluating the conditions laid down in Article 30(1) of Directive 2004/17/EC, and without prejudice to the competition law, it is not necessary to conclude on the precise scope of the relevant geographic market for the generation and first sale of conventional electricity as, under any alternative market definition, the results of the assessment would be the same.
Komisija meni, da za namene ocenjevanja pogojev, določenih v členu 30(1) Direktive 2004/17/ES in brez poseganja v konkurenčno pravo ni treba določiti natančnega obsega upoštevnega geografskega trga za proizvodnjo in prvo prodajo konvencionalne električne energije, ker bi bili v skladu s katero koli nadomestno opredelitvijo trga rezultati ocene enaki.
As regards production and first sale of EEG electricity, its geographic scope could not extend beyond the territory of Germany since it is based on the specific legal conditions laid down in the German EEG.
Glede proizvodnje in prve prodaje električne energije EEG geografske razsežnosti ni mogoče razširiti onkraj ozemlja Nemčije, ker temelji na posebnih pravnih pogojih, določenih v nemškem EEG.
Production and first sale of electricity produced from conventional sources
Proizvodnja in prva prodaja električne energije, proizvedene iz konvencionalnih virov
Market shares and market concentration
Tržni deleži in koncentracija na trgu
As it results from a constant practice [21] in respect of Commission Decisions pursuant to Article 30, the Commission considered that, in respect of electricity generation, ‘one indicator for the degree of competition on national markets is the total market share of the biggest three producers’.
Kot izhaja iz stalne prakse [21] glede na odločbe Komisije na podlagi člena 30, je Komisija menila, da je v zvezi s proizvodnjo električne energije „eden od pokazateljev stopnje konkurence na nacionalnih trgih skupni tržni delež treh največjih proizvajalcev“.
According to the Opinion of the Federal Cartel Office [22], the cumulative market shares of the first three producers, in terms of feed-in electricity, was 74 % in 2007 and 73 % in 2008 and 70 % in 2010.
Po mnenju Zveznega urada za varstvo konkurence [22] je bil skupni tržni delež prvih treh proizvajalcev glede na odjeto električno energijo 74 % v letu 2007,73 % v letu 2008 in 70 % v letu 2010.
The German electricity market is therefore in the middle of the range, by comparison with previous exemptions decisions under Article 30 of Directive 2004/17/EC [23].
Nemški trg z električno energijo je torej v primerjavi s prejšnjimi sklepi o izvzetju po členu 30 Direktive 2004/17/ES [23] nekje na sredini.
However, it is recalled that the first two producers RWE and E.ON, which together have a cumulative market share of 58 % of the market [24], are not subject to the provisions of the procurement law.
Vendar je treba spomniti, da za prva dva proizvajalca RWE in E.ON, ki imata skupaj 58 % tržni delež [24], določbe zakonodaje o javnih naročilih ne veljajo.
The aim of the present Decision is to establish whether the activities of generation and wholesale of electricity are exposed to such a level of competition (on markets to which access is free) that this will ensure that, also in the absence of the discipline brought about by the detailed procurement rules set out in Directive 2004/17/EC, the procurement for the pursuit of the activities concerned will be carried out in a transparent, non-discriminatory manner based on criteria allowing it to identify the solution which overall is the economically most advantageous one.
Cilj tega sklepa je ugotoviti, ali so dejavnosti proizvodnje in veleprodaje električne energije izpostavljene takšni stopnji konkurence (na trgih, do katerih dostop ni omejen), ki bo tudi ob odsotnosti discipline, ki je bila dosežena s podrobnimi pravili za oddajo javnega naročila iz Direktive 2004/17/ES, zagotovila pregledno in nediskriminacijsko izvajanje javnih naročil za opravljanje zadevnih dejavnosti na podlagi meril, ki omogočajo opredelitev rešitve, ki je v celoti ekonomsko najugodnejša.
In this context it is important to keep in mind that the companies which are not subject to the public procurement procedures (notably RWE and E.ON) when acting on these markets have the possibility to bring competitive pressure on the other market players.
V tej zvezi je pomembno upoštevati, da imajo družbe, za katere postopki za oddajo javnih naročil (zlasti RWE in E.ON) ne veljajo, pri delovanju na teh trgih možnost ustvarjanja konkurenčnega pritiska na druge akterje na trgu.
This will not change even if Austria is included into the relevant geographic market since the market shares of the first producers are expected to be only slightly smaller in a market covering both Austria and Germany [25].
To se tudi z vključitvijo Avstrije v upoštevni geografski trg ne bo spremenilo, ker bodo tržni deleži prvih proizvajalcev na trgu, ki zajema Avstrijo in Nemčijo, le malo manjši [25].
In respect of production and wholesale supply of electricity from conventional sources the facts above can be considered to be an indication of direct exposure to competition of the market players which are covered by the procurement law provisions.
Glede proizvodnje in veleprodaje električne energije iz konvencionalnih virov se lahko šteje, da zgoraj navedena dejstva nakazujejo, da so akterji na trgu, za katere veljajo določbe zakonodaje o javnem naročanju, neposredno izpostavljeni konkurenci.
It is also worth noting that the Commission Staff Working Paper ‘2009-2010 Report on Progress in Creating the Internal Gas and Electricity Market’ of June 2011 [26] indicated a decrease in the market concentration in Germany [27] compared to the previous years and placed the German electricity market in the category of ‘moderately concentrated markets’ [28], namely those markets with a Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) [29] by capacity between 750 and 1800.
Treba je omeniti tudi, da delovni dokument služb Komisije „Poročilo o napredku pri oblikovanju notranjega trga plina in električne energije 2009–2010“ iz junija 2011 [26] navaja, da je v primerjavi s prejšnjimi leti v Nemčiji prišlo do zmanjšanja koncentracije na trgu [27], in nemški trg z električno energijo uvršča v kategorijo trgov z „zmerno koncentracijo“ [28], torej trgov, ki imajo po zmogljivosti indeks Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI) [29] med 750 in 1800.
Having regards to the above figures, for the purposes of this Decision and without prejudice to the competition law, it can be assumed with respect to the contracting entities that the degree of concentration of the market can be considered as an indication of a certain degree of exposure to competition of electricity production and wholesale from conventional sources in Germany.
Ob upoštevanju zgoraj navedenih številk se za namene tega sklepa in brez poseganja v konkurenčno pravo v zvezi z naročniki lahko domneva, da je stopnja koncentracije trga pokazatelj, da sta proizvodnja in veleprodaja električne energije iz konvencionalnih virov v Nemčiji do določene stopnje izpostavljeni konkurenci.
In the last years, actually until March 2011, Germany was a net exporter of electricity.
V zadnjih letih, pravzaprav do marca 2011, je bila Nemčija neto izvoznica električne energije.
However, due to the decision to phase out production of electricity by several nuclear plants, Germany became a net importer.
Vendar je Nemčija zaradi odločitve o postopnem opuščanju proizvodnje električne energije v številnih jedrskih elektrarnah postala neto uvoznica.
There is therefore currently a competitive pressure on the market deriving from the potential to import electricity from outside Germany.
Zato na trgu trenutno obstaja konkurenčni pritisk, ki izhaja iz možnosti, da se električno energijo uvozi iz tujine.
This ensures that investment in the electricity sector in Germany cannot be made without taking into account other producers in the surrounding countries.
To zagotavlja, da naložbe v elektroenergetski sektor v Nemčiji niso mogoče brez upoštevanja drugih proizvajalcev v sosednjih državah.
These factors should therefore be seen as not opposing the conclusion that contracting entities operating on the German production market from conventional sources are exposed to competition.
Zato je treba te dejavnike razumeti, kot da ne nasprotujejo ugotovitvi, da so naročniki, ki delujejo na nemškem trgu proizvodnje iz konvencionalnih virov, izpostavljeni konkurenci.
Furthermore, an analysis of the situation in respect of customer switching [30] and the degree of liquidity on the wholesale market [31] show that these factors do not oppose the conclusion that contracting entities operating on the German production market from conventional sources are exposed to competition.
Poleg tega analiza stanja v zvezi z menjavo dobavitelja [30] in stopnjo likvidnosti na veleprodajnem trgu [31] kaže, da ti dejavniki ne nasprotujejo ugotovitvi, da so naročniki, ki delujejo na nemškem trgu proizvodnje iz konvencionalnih virov, izpostavljeni konkurenci.
Finally, it should also be noted that the German balancing market [32] and its main characteristics (market-based pricing and price difference between positive and negative balancing power) do not either oppose the conclusion that contracting entities operating on the German production market from conventional sources are exposed to competition.
Treba je tudi upoštevati, da nemški izravnalni trg [32] in njegove glavne značilnosti (tržno določanje cen in razlika v ceni med pozitivno in negativno izravnalno energijo) prav tako ne nasprotujejo ugotovitvi, da so naročniki, ki delujejo na nemškem trgu proizvodnje iz konvencionalnih virov, izpostavljeni konkurenci.
Production and first sale of EEG electricity
Proizvodnja in prva prodaja električne energije EEG
EEG electricity benefits from priority connection to the grid, and it has priority over conventional electricity for grid feed-in, which means that EEG electricity production is independent from demand.
Električna energija EEG uživa ugodnost prednostne priključitve na omrežje in ima prednost pred konvencionalno električno energijo pri dovajanju v omrežje, kar pomeni, da proizvodnja električne energije EEG ni odvisna od povpraševanja.
Since EEG electricity is generally produced at costs which are higher than the market price, a system was established by which EEG electricity receives particular support.
Ker so na splošno stroški proizvodnje električne energije EEG višji od tržne cene, je bil vzpostavljen sistem, po katerem električna energija EEG prejema določeno podporo.
EEG installation operators [33] have the right to receive a statutory rate of remuneration from the transmission grid operators for a period of 20 years plus the commissioning year.
Upravljavci objektov EEG [33] imajo pravico, da poleg leta začetka obratovanja še 20 let od upravljavcev prenosnih omrežij prejemajo zakonsko določeno stopnjo plačila.
This remuneration provides for a coverage of their costs and is therefore higher than the market price.
To plačilo zagotavlja kritje njihovih stroškov in je zato višje od tržne cene.
They can therefore feed the electricity they produce into the grid irrespective of the price on the exchanges [34].
Zato lahko električno energijo, ki jo proizvedejo, dovajajo v omrežje neodvisno od cene na borzi [34].
EEG electricity is generally not directly sold on the wholesale market but first bought by the transmission grid operators for a statutory rate of remuneration.
Električna energija EEG se običajno ne prodaja neposredno na veleprodajnem trgu, ampak jo po zakonsko določeni stopnji plačila najprej kupijo upravljavci prenosnega omrežja.
The transmission system operators are responsible for marketing the EEG electricity on the power exchange spot market which consequently causes a loss for them.
Upravljavci prenosnega omrežja so odgovorni za trženje električne energije EEG na promptnem trgu energetske borze, kar jim posledično povzroča izgubo.
These costs are ultimately paid by the final electricity consumers who pay to their energy suppliers an extra EEG fee which is subsequently passed to the transmission grid operators.
Te stroške na koncu plačajo končni porabniki električne energije, ki svojim dobaviteljem energije plačajo dodatno pristojbino EEG, ki se nato prenese na upravljavce prenosnega omrežja.
Energy suppliers buying more than 50 % of EEG electricity including at least 20 % of electricity from solar or wind pay a reduced EEG fee.
Dobavitelji energije, ki kupijo več kot 50 % električne energije EEG, od katere je je bilo vsaj 20 % pridobljene iz sončnih ali vetrnih virov, plačajo nižje pristojbine EEG.
The EEG installation operators have also the possibility to do ‘direct marketing’ of the electricity produced.
Upravljavci objektov EEG lahko proizvedeno električno energijo „tržijo neposredno“.
This means that an EEG plant operator can renounce to the statutory remuneration and opt to sell the electricity directly on the spot market.
To pomeni, da se upravljavec obrata EEG lahko odpove zakonsko določenemu plačilu in električno energijo proda neposredno na promptnem trgu.
Due to the high generation costs of EEG electricity, direct marketing outside of the statutory conditions is normally not a viable option.
Zaradi visokih stroškov proizvodnje električne energije EEG neposredno trženje zunaj zakonsko določenih pogojev običajno ne pride v poštev.
In the past, this method has mainly been used to a limited extent in instances where the buyers were able to achieve an exemption from the extra EEG fee by combining a certain amount of EEG electricity sourced directly from a producer with conventional electricity [35].
V preteklosti se je ta možnost v omejenem obsegu uporabljala v primerih, ko so kupci lahko dosegli izvzetje iz dodatne pristojbine EEG tako, da so kombinirali določeno količino električne energije EEG, ki so jo dobili neposredno pri proizvajalcu, s konvencionalno električno energijo [35].
With the new EEG law which entered into force beginning of 2012, the possibility for this specific exemption was limited which is expected to reduce this form of direct marketing [36].
Z novim zakonom EEG, ki je začel veljati v začetku leta 2012, pa je bila možnost za to posebno izvzetje omejena in pričakovati je zmanjšanje te oblike neposrednega trženja [36].
The new law contains a new possibility of ‘direct marketing’ which, however, includes the payment of a so-called ‘market premium’ to the EEG electricity producers that covers the difference between their higher costs and the average market price (in the following: ‘market premium model’).
Novi zakon vsebuje novo možnost „neposrednega trženja“, ki pa vključuje plačilo tako imenovane „premije za trženje“ proizvajalcem električne energije EEG, ki krije razliko med njihovimi višjimi stroški in povprečno tržno ceno (v nadaljnjem besedilu: model premije za trženje).
Unsubsidised direct marketing will only play a marginal role.
Nesubvencionirano neposredno trženje bo imelo le obrobno vlogo.
For the reasons indicated above the generation and first sale of EEG electricity form part of a regulated system in which producers are remunerated on the basis of a statutory payment.
Zaradi zgoraj navedenih razlogov sta proizvodnja in prva prodaja električne energije EEG del reguliranega sistema, v katerem so proizvajalci plačani na podlagi zakonsko določenega plačila.
They are not exposed to competition since they can feed in their EEG electricity regardless of the prevailing market price.
Niso izpostavljeni konkurenci, ker lahko svojo električno energijo EEG dovajajo v omrežje neodvisno od prevladujoče tržne cene.
Due to the feed-in priority they can also sell all the quantities they produce.
Zaradi prednosti pri odjemu tudi lahko prodajo vse količine, ki jih proizvedejo.
It cannot be therefore concluded that the activity of producers of EEG electricity is exposed to competition.
Zato ni mogoče sklepati, da je dejavnost proizvajalcev električne energije EEG izpostavljena konkurenci.
In view of the above, no other indicators, such as those listed in recital 6, need to be assessed.
Ob upoštevanju zgoraj navedenega ni treba oceniti nobenih drugih kazalnikov, kot so na primer kazalniki, navedeni v uvodni izjavi 6.