natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
‘Substances bringing added clinical benefit may be used, for the specific disease conditions, treatment needs or zootechnical purposes specified in the Annex, where they provide a clinically relevant advantage based on improved efficacy or safety or a major contribution to treatment compared to medicinal products authorised for equidae or referred to in Article 11 of Directive 2001/82/EC.
„Snovi, ki predstavljajo dodano klinično korist, se lahko uporabljajo za posebne bolezenske znake, potrebe po zdravljenju ali zootehnične namene, ki so opredeljeni v Prilogi, kadar imajo klinično pomembno prednost zaradi izboljšane učinkovitosti ali varnosti ali pomembno prispevajo k zdravljenju v primerjavi z zdravili, odobrenimi za enoprste kopitarje, ali zdravili iz člena 11 Direktive 2001/82/ES.
For the purposes of the first and second subparagraphs, the alternatives listed in the Annex shall be considered.’;
Za namene prvega in drugega pododstavka se proučijo alternative iz Priloge.“;
Essential substances and substances bringing added clinical benefit shall be used only in accordance with Article 10(1) of Directive 2001/82/EC.
Bistvene snovi in snovi, ki predstavljajo dodano klinično korist, se lahko uporabljajo samo v skladu s členom 10(1) Direktive 2001/82/ES.
The details of a treatment with essential substances shall be recorded in accordance with the instructions laid down in Section IX of the identification document for equidae set out in Commission Regulation (EC) No 504/2008.
Podrobnosti v zvezi z zdravljenjem z bistvenimi snovmi je treba evidentirati v skladu z navodili iz oddelka IX identifikacijskega dokumenta za enoprste kopitarje iz Uredbe Komisije (ES) št. 504/2008.
Any substance that is entered in one of the lists in the Annex to Commission Regulation (EU) No 37/2010, or the use of which for equidae is prohibited by Union legislation, shall no longer be used for the purposes of this Regulation.(5) in Article 5, paragraph 2 is replaced by the following:
Vsaka snov, ki je na enem od seznamov v Prilogi k Uredbi Komisije (EU) št. 37/2010 ali katere uporabo za enoprste kopitarje zakonodaja Unije prepoveduje, se za namene te uredbe ne uporablja več kot bistvena snov.5. v členu 5 se odstavek 2 nadomesti z naslednjim:
Where Member States or veterinary professional associations request the Commission to amend the list set out in the Annex, they shall duly substantiate their request and include any relevant scientific data available.’;
Kadar države članice ali poklicna združenja veterinarjev od Komisije zahtevajo, da spremeni seznam iz Priloge, morajo svojo zahtevo ustrezno utemeljiti in priskrbeti vse ustrezne in razpoložljive znanstvene podatke.“;
the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1950/2006 is replaced by the Annex to this Regulation.
Priloga k Uredbi (ES) št. 1950/2006 se nadomesti z besedilom iz Priloge k tej uredbi.
OJ L 15, 20.1.2010, p. 1.’;
UL L 15, 20.1.2010, str. 1.“;
List of substances essential for the treatment of equidae and substances bringing added clinical benefit compared to other treatment options available for equidae
Seznam bistvenih snovi za zdravljenje enoprstih kopitarjev in snovi, ki predstavljajo dodano klinično korist v primerjavi z drugimi možnostmi zdravljenja enoprstih kopitarjev
The withdrawal period for each of the substances on the following list shall be six months.
Rok za preklic vsake od navedenih snovi s seznama je 6 mesecev.
Sedation and premedication
Sedacija in premedikacija
(and antagonism)
(in antagonizem)
Identification of alternatives: detomidine, romifidine, xylazine, diazepam, midazolam.
Alternative: detomidin, romifidin, ksilazin, diazepam, midazolam.
Discussion of the specific advantages: acepromazine has consistently been shown to reduce risk of anaesthetic death.
Opis posebnih prednosti: za acepromazin je bilo vedno značilno, da zmanjšuje tveganje smrti zaradi anestetika.
Discussion of the specific advantages: only treatment for hypersensitive individual and overdose.
Opis posebnih prednosti: samo za zdravljenje hipersenzitivnih živali in pri predoziranju.
Purpose: premedication and induction of anaesthesia.
Namen: premedikacija in indukcija anestezije.
Mild (benzodiazepine) tranquilisation with minimal cardiovascular and respiratory side effects.
Blaga (benzodiazepinska) umiritev z zelo majhnimi kardiovaskularnimi in respiratornimi stranskimi učinki.
Identification of alternatives: acepromazine, detomidine, romifidine, xylazine, midazolam, primidone, phenytoin.
Alternative: acepromazin, detomidin, romifidin, ksilazin, midazolam, primidon, fenitoin.
Mode of action (acts at GABA receptor) and unique tranquilisation without cardiorespiratory depression cannot be produced by the α-2 agonist sedatives (detomidine, romifidine and xylazine) or acepromazine.
α-2 agonistični sedativi (detomidin, romifidin in ksilazin) ali acepromazin ne delujejo enako (midazolam deluje kot GABA receptor) in tudi ne povzročijo umiritve brez kardiorespiratorne depresije.
Purpose: intravenous reversal agent for benzodiazepines.
Namen: intravenski antagonist za benzodiazepine.
Reversal of benzodiazepine effect during recovery from Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (TIVA) techniques.
Reverzija učinka benzodiazepina med okrevanjem po tehnikah popolne intravenozne anestezije (TIVA).
Identification of alternatives: sarmazenil.
Alternative: sarmazenil.
Discussion of the specific advantages: different mode of action from sarmazenil providing additional means of benzodiazepine reversal at the end of TIVA techniques.
Opis posebnih prednosti: drugačen način delovanja od sarmazenila zagotavlja dodatne načine reverzije benzodiazepina ob koncu tehnik popolne intravenozne anestezije.
Sarmazenil is partial inverse agonist of benzodiazepine receptors whereas flumazenil is an antagonist competitively inhibiting the benzodiazepine binding site at the GABA receptor.
Sarmazenil je delni inverzni agonist receptorjev benzodiazepina, medtem ko je flumazenil antagonist, ki konkurenčno zavira mesto vezave benzodiazepina na GABA receptorju.
Identification of alternatives: acepromazine, detomidine, romifidine, xylazine, diazepam, primidone, phenytoin.
Alternative: acepromazin, detomidin, romifidin, ksilazin, diazepam, primidon, fenitoin.
Discussion of the specific advantages: similar to diazepam but water soluble, thus suitable for intravenous injection and essential for intravenous infusion in combination with anaesthetics.
Opis posebnih prednosti: podoben diazepamu, vendar topen v vodi, zato primeren za intravenozno injiciranje in bistven za intravenozno infuzijo v kombinaciji z anestetiki.
Shorter acting than diazepam.
Krajše delovanje kot diazepam.
Identification of alternatives: sevoflurane or isoflurane.
Alternative: sevofluran ali izofluran.
Discussion of the specific advantages: rapidly cleared injectable anaesthetic.
Opis posebnih prednosti: anestetik za injiciranje, ki se hitro izloči iz telesa.
Discussion of the specific advantages: clean reversal of benzodiazepine sedation required after infusion during total intravenous anaesthesia.
Opis posebnih prednosti: po infuziji med popolno intravenozno anestezijo potrebna čista reverzija sedacije z benzodiazepinom.
Purpose: dissociative anaesthetic similar to ketamine, especially used for field anaesthesia.
Namen: disociativni anestetik, podoben ketaminu, ki se uporablja zlasti za anestezijo na terenu.
Discussion of the specific advantages: the use in combination with zolazepam is essential in cases when there is no access to inhalation anaesthesia such as for field anaesthesia.
Opis posebnih prednosti: uporaba v kombinaciji z zolazepamom je bistvena, kadar pri anesteziji na terenu ni na voljo inhalacijskega anestetika.
Typical applications are castrations, laryngotomies, periosteal stripping, cyst or lump excisions, repair of facial fractures, cast applications and umbilical hernia repairs.
Navadno se uporablja pri kastracijah, laringotomijah, tanjšanju periosta, eksciziji cist ali bul, oskrbi zlomov obraznih kosti, nameščanju mavca in zdravljenju umbilikalne kile.
Purpose: benzodiazepine tranquilisation especially used for field anaesthesia in combination with tiletamine.
Namen: umiritev (benzodiazepinska), ki se uporablja zlasti za anestezijo na terenu v kombinaciji s tiletaminom.
Identification of alternatives: diazepam or midazolam.
Alternative: diazepam ali midazolam.
Discussion of the specific advantages: benzodiazepine tranquiliser, which is longer acting than either diazepam ormidazolam.
Opis posebnih prednosti: benzodiazepinsko pomirjevalo z daljšim delovanjem kot diazepam ali midazolam.
The use with tiletamine is essential in cases when there is no access to inhalation anaesthesia such as for field anaesthesia.
Uporaba v kombinaciji s tiletaminom je bistvena, kadar pri anestezijina terenu ni na voljo inhalacijskega anestetika.
Discussion of the specific advantages: positive inotrope therapy, probably more used than dopamine but preferences vary.
Opis posebnih prednosti: pozitivna inotropna terapija, verjetno se ga uporablja pogosteje kot dopamin, vendar so preference različne.
Dobutamine is invaluable during volatile anaesthesia in horses.
Dobutamin je neprecenljiv pri inhalacijski anesteziji pri konjih.
Discussion of the specific advantages: dopamine is required in horses that do not respond to dobutamine.
Opis posebnih prednosti: dopamin je treba uporabiti pri konjih, ki se ne odzivajo na dobutamin.
In foals dopamine is used in preference to dobutamine.
Pri žrebetih se raje uporablja dopamin kot dobutamin.
Discussion of the specific advantages: required where dopamine and dobutamine are ineffective.
Opis posebnih prednosti: uporablja se, kadar sta dopamin in dobutamin neučinkovita.
A unique sympathomimetic agent, which is structurally similar to adrenaline.
Edinstveni simpatomimetični agens, ki je po strukturi podoben adrenalinu.
Purpose: prevention of bradycardia.
Namen: preprečevanje bradikardije.
Discussion of the specific advantages: glycopyrrolate has a limited central effect and is more suitable in conscious horses (before and after anaesthesia) than atropine.
Opis posebnih prednosti: glikopirolat ima omejen centralni učinek in je primernejši za konje pri zavesti (pred anestezijo in po njej) kot atropin. Noradrenalin (norepinefrin)
Infusion for the treatment of cardiovascular failure in foals.
Alternative: ni.
Discussion of the specific advantages: the animal’s catecholamine receptor profile responds precisely to medicines acting at different sites.
Zato se veliko kateholaminov, ki delujejo bolj ali manj izključno na različne tipe adrenergičnih receptorjev, uporablja za doseganje natančno usmerjenega učinka.
Hence a range of catecholamines acting more or less exclusively on different types of adrenergic receptors is used to produce a precise effect.Noradrenaline acts primarily on alpha-1 receptors to vasoconstrict arterioles, thereby increasing blood pressure and maintaining central circulation.
Noradrenalin deluje v prvi vrsti na alfa-1 receptorjein povzroča vazokonstrikcijo arteriol ter s tem povečuje krvni pritisk in ohranja cirkulacijo v centralnem živčnem sistemu.
Discussion of the specific advantages: partial μ-agonist opioid analgesic. μ-receptor activity produces better analgesia than κ-agonist opioids such as butorphanol.
Opis posebnih prednosti: delni μ-agonistični opioidni analgetik. Delovanje na μ-receptorje zagotavlja boljšo analgezijo kot κ-agonistični opioidi, kot je butorfanol.
Discussion of the specific advantages: μ-agonist opioid, μ-receptor activity produces better analgesia than κ-agonist opioids such as butorphanol.
Opis posebnih prednosti: μ-agonistični opioid, delovanje na μ-receptorje zagotavlja boljšo analgezijo kot κ-agonistični opioidi, kot je butorfanol.
Discussion of the specific advantages: full μ-agonist opioid analgesic. μ-receptor activity produces the best analgesia.
Opis posebnih prednosti: popolni μ-agonistični opioidni analgetik. Delovanje na μ-receptorje zagotavlja najboljšo analgezijo.
Used with sedatives for restraint, used for epidural anaesthesia.
Uporablja se pri epiduralni anesteziji, v kombinaciji s sedativi pa za obvladovanje.
This technique is widely used in modern veterinary medicine for treating severe perioperative and chronic pain.
Ta tehnika se v sodobni veterini veliko uporablja pri zdravljenju perioperativnih in kroničnih bolečin.
Identification of alternatives: butorphanol, buprenorphine, morphine and fentanyl.
Alternative: butorfanol, buprenorfin, morfin in fentanil.
Short-acting opioid that has been proven to be effective to treat spasmodic colic in horses.
Opioid s kratkotrajnim delovanjem, ki je dokazano učinkovitejši pri zdravljenju spazmodične črevesne kolike pri konjih.
More sedation and less potential for excitement than other opioids in horses.
Omogoča večjo sedacijo in manj možnosti za nemirnost pri konjih kot drugi opioidi.
Muscle relaxants and associated substances
Mišični relaksanti in z njimi povezane snovi
Discussion of the specific advantages: non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent.
Opis posebnih prednosti: nedepolarizajoča nevromuskularna snov, ki povzroči blokado.
Discussion of the specific advantages: cholinesterase inhibitor, essential for reversal of neuromuscular blockade.
Opis posebnih prednosti: inhibitor holinesteraze, bistven za odpravo nevromuskularne blokade.
Discussion of the specific advantages: essential alternative to α-2/ketamine regimens in horses where α-2 agents and ketamine are contraindicated such as in horses not responding to these agents or horses having shown adverse effects during a previous administration.
Opis posebnih prednosti: bistvena alternativa uporabi α-2 agonistov in ketamina pri konjih, kadar so α-2 agonisti in ketamin kontraindicirani, kot na primer pri konjih, ki se ne odzivajo na te snovi, ali konjih, pri katerih je pri prejšnjih aplikacijah prišlo do neželenih učinkov.
Invaluable in combination with ketamine and α-2 agents for remarkably safe field anaesthesia for which no effective alternative intravenous techniques have been developed.
V kombinaciji s ketaminom in α-2 agonisti neprecenljiv za varno anestezijo na terenu, za katere še ni razvita nobena učinkovita alternativna intravenozna tehnika.
Identification of alternatives: isoflurane.
Alternative: izofluran.
Discussion of the specific advantages: sevoflurane is a volatile anaesthetic with minor metabolism and fast excretion.
Opis posebnih prednosti: sevofluran je hitro hlapen anestetik s kratkim metabolizmom in hitrim izločanjem.
While there is an MRL for isoflurane in the EU, isoflurane is not suitable for all equine anaesthetic cases due to its recovery characteristics where excitement may lead to the horse breaking a leg.
Ker je za izofluran v EU določena mejna vrednost, ta ni primeren anestetik za vse enoprste kopitarje, saj si lahko zaradi nemirnosti med prebujanjem iz anestezije konj zlomi nogo.
Sevoflurane is essential in certain equine surgeries where a smooth recovery is vital, as it has been shown to produce a smoother, more controlled recovery in horses.
Sevofluran je bistven pri nekaterih operacijah enoprstih kopitarjev, kadar je nemoteno okrevanje življenjskega pomena. Pokazalo se je namreč, da zagotavlja bolj nemoteno in nadzorovano okrevanje konjev.
It is therefore selected in preference to isoflurane for horses with limb fractures and other orthopaedic injuries.
Zato se za konje z zlomi udov in drugimi ortopedskimi poškodbami uporablja raje kot izofluran.
Discussion of the specific advantages: long-acting local anaesthetic.
Opis posebnih prednosti: lokalni anestetik z dolgotrajnim delovanjem.
Discussion of the specific advantages: widest clinical experience with oxybuprocaine compared to other potential candidates for essential substances.
Opis posebnih prednosti: več kliničnih izkušenj z oksibuprokainom kot drugimi potencialnimi kandidati za bistvene snovi.
Discussion of the specific advantages: in specific preparations (eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics) for topical application to skin where it is absorbed intradermally in 40 min. Used to facilitate intravenous catheterisation, especially in foals.
Opis posebnih prednosti: v posebnih pripravkih (evtektična mešanica lokalnih anestetikov) za lokalno uporabo na koži, kjer se absorbira intradermalno v 40 minutah. Omogoča lažjo intravenozno kateterizacijo, zlasti pri žrebetih.
Anti-inflammatory substances
Protivnetne snovi
Purpose: intra-articular medication for degenerative joint disease and osteoarthritis.
Namen: intraartikularno zdravilo za degenerativne bolezni sklepov in osteoartritis.
Identification of alternatives: methylprednisolone.
Alternative: metilprednizolon.
Discussion of the specific advantages: different cellular and biosynthetic effects from the alternative corticosteroid intra-articular medication methylprednisolone; triamcinolone is chondroprotective and promotes cartilage repair.
Opis posebnih prednosti: drugačni celični in biosintetični učinki od alternativnega kortikosteroidnega intraartikularnega zdravila metilprednizolon; triamcinolon ščiti hrustanec in spodbuja njegovo zaraščanje.
More effective than systemic treatments (NSAIDs and chondroitin sulphate), and other (non-corticosteroid) intra-articular treatments for control of joint inflammation, pain and lameness in acute and chronic joint disease, especially degenerative joint disease and osteoarthritis.
Je učinkovitejši od sistemskih zdravljenj (z NSAID in hondroitin sulfatom) ter drugih (ne-kortikosteroidnih) intraartikularnih zdravljenj za zmanjšanje vnetja sklepov, bolečine in šepavosti pri akutnih in kroničnih boleznih sklepov, zlasti pri degenerativnih boleznih sklepov in osteoartritisu.
Only effective non-surgical treatment for subchondral bone cysts.
Edino učinkovito nekirurško zdravljenje subhondralnih kostnih cist.
Purpose: short-term systemic corticosteroid therapy including shock, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy therapy.
Namen: kratkoročno sistemsko kortikosteroidno zdravljenje, ki vključuje zdravljenje šoka, protivnetno in protialergijsko zdravljenje.
Identification of alternatives: dexamethasone, prednisolone.
Alternative: deksametazon, prednizolon.
Discussion of the specific advantages: different clinical effects from alternatives with more rapid onset, longer duration and greater efficacy.
Opis posebnih prednosti: drugačni klinični učinki kot pri alternativah, hitrejši začetek delovanja, daljše delovanje in večja učinkovitost.
Different mode of action from alternatives (no appreciable mineralocorticoid activity).
Drugačen način delovanja kot pri alternativah (brez znatnejšega mineralokortikoidnega učinka).
Anti-endotoxins
Snovi, ki delujejo proti endotoksinom
Pentoxifylline
Pentoksifilin
Purpose: systemic and oral treatment for endotoxaemia.
Namen: sistemsko in peroralno zdravljenje endotoksemije.
Identification of alternatives: flunixin, acepromazine.
Alternative: fluniksin, acepromazin.
Discussion of the specific advantages:
Opis posebnih prednosti:
Endotoxaemia: different mode of action (methylated xanthine derivative phosphodiesterase inhibitor) and different clinical effects to alternative (flunixin).
Endotoksemija: drugačen način delovanja (inhibitor ksantin metiliranega derivata fosfodiesteraze) in drugačni klinični učinki kot pri alternativi (fluniksin).
Decreases endotoxin-mediated release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and leukotrienes from macrophages and neutrophils, reduces systemic response to endotoxins.
Zmanjšuje z endotoksini povzročeno sproščanje vnetnih citokinov in levkotrienov iz makrofagov in nevtrofilcev, zmanjšuje sistemski odziv na endotoksine.
Laminitis: different mode of action of improving blood flow to the digit than alternative (acepromazine); reduces blood viscosity and improves blood flow to the digit.
Laminitis: drugačen način delovanja za izboljšanje pretoka krvi v prst kot pri alternativi (acepromazin); zmanjšuje viskoznost krvi in izboljšuje dotok krvi v prst.
Polymyxin B
Polimiksin B
Purpose: systemic treatment for endotoxaemia associated with severe colic and other gastrointestinal diseases.
Namen: sistemsko zdravljenje endotoksemije, povezane z resnimi kolikami in drugimi gastrointestinalnimi boleznimi.
Identification of alternatives: flunixin, bismuth subsalicylate.
Alternative: fluniksin, bizmutov subsalicilat.
Discussion of the specific advantages: different mode of action (endotoxin binding agent) to systemic alternative (flunixin), acting earlier in the endotoxin-induced cascade.
Opis posebnih prednosti: drugačen način delovanja (snov, ki veže endotoksine) od sistemske alternative (fluniksin), zgodnejše delovanje v kaskadi procesov zaradi endotoksina.
Different mechanism of binding, different route of administration and different site of action to oral alternative bismuth.
Drugačni mehanizmi vezave, drugačen način vnosa in drugačen kraj delovanja od peroralne alternative bizmuta.
Aids in prevention of initiation of inflammatory cascade induced by binding endotoxin and preventing binding to Toll-like receptors.
Pomaga pri preprečevanju začetka vnetne kaskade, ki jo povzroči vezava endotoksina, in preprečuje vezavo na Tollu podobne receptorje.
Purpose: anti-dysrhythmic.
Namen: antidisritmik.
Systemic and oral treatment of atrial fibrillation, supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias.
Sistemsko in peroralno zdravljenje atrijske fibrilacije, supraventrikularne in ventrikularne tahikardije.
Identification of alternatives: quinidine sulphate, procainamide, propranolol.
Alternative: kinidin sulfat, prokainamid, propranolol.
Discussion of the specific advantages: different mode of action to alternatives (class III anti-dysrhythmic).
Opis posebnih prednosti: drugačen način delovanja od alternativ (antidisritmiki razreda III).
New evidence that amiodarone is effective and safe in atrial fibrillation and better than alternative quinidine sulphate; effective for different types of arrhythmias including ventricular arrhythmias.
Obstajajo novi dokazi, da je amiodaron učinkovit in varen pri zdravljenju atrijske fibrilacije ter boljši kot alternativni kinidin sulfat; učinkovit za različne vrste aritmij, vključno z ventrikularnimi aritmijami.
Purpose: treatment of neonatal ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
Namen: zdravljenje neonatalne ishemije – reperfuzijske poškodbe.
Identification of alternatives: vitamin E.
Alternative: vitamin E.
Discussion of the specific advantages: different mode of action to alternative for reperfusion injury; allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor inhibiting free radical production during reperfusion following ischaemia.
Opis posebnih prednosti: drugačen način delovanja kot pri alternativi za reperfuzijsko poškodbo; alopurinol je inhibitor ksantinske oksidaze in tako preprečuje tvorjenje prostih radikalov med reperfuzijo po ishemiji.
Vasopressin
Vazopresin
Purpose: treatment of circulatory collapse in foals and adults.
Namen: zdravljenje krvožilnega kolapsa pri žrebetih in odraslih konjih.
Identification of alternatives: dopamine/dobutamine Epinephrine.
Alternative: dopamin/dobutamin, epinefrin.
Discussion of the specific advantages: specific agonist acting via V1 receptors.
Opis posebnih prednosti: poseben agonist, ki deluje na receptorje V1.
Has a different mode of action to the other authorized substances which regulate blood pressure: epinephrine (an adrenergic receptor agonist) and dopamine/dobutamine (D1-5 receptors regulating cardiac output and blood vessel tone).
Ima drugačen način delovanje od ostalih odobrenih snovi za uravnavanje krvnega tlaka: epinefrina (agonist adrenergičnih receptorjev) in dopamina/dobutamina (receptorji D1-5 za uravnavanje minutnega volumna srca in tonusa krvnih žil).
Used in situations when dopamine/dobutamine and epinephrine have been unsuccessful and an alternative pharmacological approach is needed.
Uporablja se v situacijah, kadar dopamin/dobutamin in epinefrin nista bila uspešna in je potreben alternativen farmakološki pristop.
Discussion of the specific advantages: additionally digoxin is the only treatment for the side effects of quinidine treatment.
Opis posebnih prednosti: digoksin je edino zdravilo za stranske učinke zdravljenja s kinidinom.
Identification of alternatives: procainamide, propranolol.
Alternative: prokainamid, propranolol.
Discussion of the specific advantages: anti-dysrhythmic agent.
Opis posebnih prednosti: antidisritmik.