natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
As regards the contract research carried out by the publicly owned establishment IFP on behalf of its subsidiaries Axens and Prosernat, the Commission considers that the economic advantage resulting from the guarantee may either remain with IFP and where appropriate be put to other uses or, in view of the specific nature of the links binding them to their parent, be transferred to the subsidiaries through the pricing mechanism:
Komisija o pogodbenih raziskavah, ki jih je oseba javnega prava IFP izvedla za hčerinski družbi Axens in Prosernat, meni, da gospodarska prednost, ki izhaja iz poroštva, lahko še naprej velja za osebo javnega prava IFP in se po potrebi uporabi tudi v druge namene ali pa se prenese na hčerinski družbi v skladu z določeno tarifo ob upoštevanju posebnosti njunih povezav z matično družbo:
in the former case, the compatibility of the aid is examined in this section;
v prvem primeru je združljivost pomoči predstavljena v tem delu;
in the latter case, the Commission refers to the analysis of compatibility presented in section 7.3.2, which, as a precaution, will include the amounts at stake in the estimate of the advantage potentially transferred to the subsidiaries.
v drugem primeru se Komisija sklicuje na analizo združljivosti iz dela 7.3.2, ki bo v presoji prednosti, ki bi se lahko prenesla na hčerinski družbi, iz previdnosti vključevala zadevne zneske.
As regards third-party customers, likewise, if it could be established that an amount corresponding to this additional cost component was systematically transferred to the third parties via the pricing mechanism, detailed examination of the aid transferred would very likely reveal de minimis sums [236].
Prav tako, če bi se lahko pri strankah, ki so tretje osebe, ugotovilo, da se je na tretje osebe sistematično prenašal znesek, ki ustreza navedenim dodatnim stroškom, v skladu z izvajanim določanjem tarife, bi bili iz podrobne preučitve prenesenih pomoči zelo verjetno razvidni zneski de minimis [236].
The information sent by the French authorities shows that the majority of the services invoiced generate less than EUR […] (*) in turnover (i.e. a maximum amount of cover of the risk of default of EUR […] (*)), the largest contract amounting to only EUR […] (*) (i.e. a maximum amount of cover of the risk of default of EUR […] (*)).
Iz informacij francoskih organov je namreč razvidno, da se z večino zaračunanih storitev ustvari manj kot […] (*) EUR prometa (kar je najvišji znesek kritja tveganja neplačila […] (*) EUR), ker je znesek največje pogodbe samo […] (*) EUR (kar je najvišji znesek kritja tveganja neplačila […] (*) EUR).
However, it cannot be concluded that the margin applied by IFP has always allowed the totality of the State aid to be passed on to the customer for contract research services.
Vendar ni mogoče izključiti, da gibanje marže, ki ga je uporabila oseba javnega prava IFP, ni vedno omogočalo popolnega prenosa zneska državne pomoči na stranko, za katero so bile opravljene pogodbene raziskave.
In such a case, the absence of a guarantee premium paid to the State to cover contract research contracts performed for third parties would constitute additional public funding made available to the publicly owned establishment by the State.
V takem primeru bi bilo neplačilo poroštvene premije državi za kritje pogodb o pogodbenih raziskavah za tretje osebe dodatno javno financiranje, ki ga država da na voljo osebi javnega prava IFP.
The public funds involved could then be put to three uses:
Ustrezna javna sredstva se torej lahko uporabijo v tri namene:
to finance non-economic activities of the publicly owned establishment, which would not entail State aid;
za financiranje negospodarskih dejavnosti osebe javnega prava, kar ne bi vključevalo državne pomoči;
or to finance other contract research activities on behalf of third parties or subsidiaries: this case is analysed in detail in section 7.3.1.2;
za financiranje drugih dejavnosti pogodbenih raziskav za tretje osebe ali hčerinske družbe. Ta domneva je podrobno analizirana v delu 7.3.1.2;
or to finance research carried out by the publicly owned establishment in the exclusive field of activity of its subsidiaries, which could consequently be added to the amounts of State aid already transferred to the subsidiaries: this hypothesis is analysed in detail in section 7.3.2.
za financiranje raziskav, ki jih oseba javnega prava izvaja na izključnem področju dejavnosti svojih hčerinskih družb, to financiranje pa bi se lahko zato prištelo k zneskom državne pomoči, že prenesenih na hčerinske družbe. Ta domneva je podrobno analizirana v delu 7.3.2.
Compatibility of a State guarantee conferred on a research organisation for the performance of contract research services and services ancillary to its principal objective of independent public research
Združljivost državnega poroštva, dodeljenega raziskovalni organizaciji za izvajanje pogodbenih raziskav in pomožnih storitev za njeno osnovno dejavnost neodvisnih javnih raziskav
Before examining the specific features of the present case, the Commission wishes to reassert the general approach that it has adopted in its decision-making practice, according to which an unlimited State guarantee covering economic activities in principle constitutes incompatible State aid [237].
Komisija namerava pred preučitvijo posebnosti v obravnavnem primeru potrditi načelno stališče, ki ga je sprejela v svoji praksi odločanja, da neomejeno državno poroštvo, ki krije gospodarske dejavnosti, načeloma pomeni nezdružljivo državno pomoč [237].
Generally, the Commission considers unlimited guarantees in a sector open to competition to be incompatible with the TFEU, in particular because such a guarantee causes the State to shoulder the liability for all the risks attaching to an economic activity without the beneficiary undertaking paying the cost of such cover, and gives rise to a situation of moral hazard which incites the beneficiary undertaking, protected from any threat of bankruptcy, to increase its risk-taking by comparison with a situation in which it would have to bear all the negative consequences of its actions.
Komisija na splošno meni, da neomejena poroštva v gospodarskem sektorju, odprtem za konkurenco, niso združljiva s PDEU, zlasti ker se zaradi takega poroštva državi naložijo vsa tveganja v zvezi z gospodarsko dejavnostjo, ne da bi upravičeno podjetje krilo stroške navedenega kritja, in ker nastane položaj moralnega tveganja, ki upravičeno podjetje, zavarovano pred vsako nevarnostjo stečaja, spodbuja k prevzemanju večjega tveganja v primerjavi s položajem, v katerem bi v celoti krilo negativne posledice svojega ravnanja.
Under the principle of proportionality, such unlimited guarantees cannot usually be justified by the need to perform an economic task of general interest, because with an unlimited guarantee it is impossible to check whether the amount of aid exceeds the net costs of providing the public service [238].
Takih neomejenih poroštev v skladu z načelom sorazmernosti najpogosteje ni mogoče utemeljiti s tem, da gre za gospodarsko nalogo v splošnem interesu, ker se izkaže, da v primeru neomejenega poroštva ni mogoče preveriti, ali znesek pomoči ne presega neto stroškov izvajanja javne službe [238].
In the present case, it should be pointed out that French legislation has assigned public service obligations to the publicly owned establishment IFP, consisting of a three-fold task of research, training and documentation; unlike services of general economic interest [239], these obligations fall outside the scope of economic activities within the meaning of Union law.
V obravnavanem primeru je treba poudariti, da ima oseba javnega prava IFP v skladu s francosko zakonodajo obveznosti javne službe s tremi nalogami, ki zajemajo raziskave, usposabljanje in dokumentacijo ter v nasprotju s storitvami splošnega gospodarskega pomena [239] ne spadajo med gospodarske dejavnosti v smislu prava Unije.
The fact that non-economic activities may be covered by a public guarantee by reason of IFP’s legal form, therefore, does not entail any granting of State aid.
Kritje teh negospodarskih dejavnosti z državnim poroštvom na podlagi statusa torej ni podlaga za odobritev državne pomoči.
But the bulk of IFP’s activity is of a non-economic nature.
Poleg tega glavni del dejavnosti osebe javnega prava IFP ni gospodarski.
Consequently, the impact of the guarantee it enjoys by virtue of its legal form falls mainly on these non-economic activities, and affects the ancillary contract research and provision of services only in the second place.
Zato je učinek poroštva, ki ga ima zaradi svojega statusa, usmerjen predvsem na te negospodarske dejavnosti, pomožno izvajanje pogodbenih raziskav in storitev pa zadeva samo posredno.
On the other hand, where the guarantee covers the economic activities of a research organisation, for example contract research or provision of services, without being priced on market terms, it confers State aid on the research organisation, which, as explained above, can be added to the public funding of its non-economic activities in the general interest (independent public research), or to the funding of its other economic activities of contract research and provision of services, or finally to the funding of technological transfer to Axens and Prosernat [240].
Če pa tako poroštvo krije gospodarske dejavnosti raziskovalnih organizacij, na primer pogodbene raziskave ali izvajanje storitev, ne da bi se zanj določala tarifa po tržni ceni, dobi raziskovalna organizacija na njegovi podlagi državno pomoč, ki se lahko v skladu z zgoraj navedenim pojasnilom prišteje javnemu financiranju njenih negospodarskih dejavnosti v splošnem interesu (neodvisne javne raziskave) ali financiranju njenih drugih gospodarskih dejavnosti, ki zajemajo pogodbene raziskave in izvajanje storitev, ali nazadnje financiranju dejavnosti prenosa tehnologij na družbi Axens in Prosernat [240].
In the first two cases, however, although in the present case the State guarantee is a priori unlimited, it is possible, exceptionally, to make an a posteriori estimate, for the years 2006 to 2009, of an upper bound to the gross grant equivalent of the effects of the guarantee (the risk premium not paid to the State), which (provided that it has been retained by IFP) comes in addition to the public funds already paid by the State to IFP to cover the net costs of its independent public research and contract research activity or provision of services.
Vendar je treba v prvih dveh primerih ugotoviti, da je mogoče v obravnavanem primeru izjemoma in kljub vnaprejšnji neomejenosti državnega poroštva naknadno oceniti zgornjo mejo bruto ekvivalenta dotacije učinkov tega poroštva v letih od 2006 do 2009 (pri čemer premija tveganja ni plačana državi), ki ga je treba dodati (če je bil ohranjen za osebo javnega prava IFP) javnim sredstvom, ki jih je država že nakazala tej osebi za kritje neto stroškov njene dejavnosti neodvisnih javnih raziskav in pogodbenih raziskav ali izvajanja storitev.
In this respect, however, the Commission wishes to emphasise that the contract research and the provision of services covered by the State guarantee are confined to activities which are ancillary to the principal activity of independent public research, i.e. economic activities which:
Vendar želi Komisija v zvezi s tem poudariti, da je izvajanje pogodbenih raziskav in storitev, ki je krito z državnim poroštvom, omejeno na „pomožne“ dejavnosti osnovne dejavnosti neodvisnih javnih raziskav, to je na gospodarske dejavnosti:
do not prejudice the normal operation, the independence or the neutrality of the research organisation;
s katerimi se ne posega v običajno delovanje, neodvisnost ali nevtralnost raziskovalne organizacije;
are performed on normal market terms, and in particular at a market price or, in the absence of a market price, at a price that reflects all the organisation’s costs (net of the impact of the guarantee) plus a reasonable margin;
ki se izvajajo po običajnih tržnih pogojih, zlasti po tržni ceni, ali če ni tržne cene, po ceni, ki izraža njihove celotne stroške (brez učinka poroštva), povečane za razumno maržo;
are the subject of accounting separate from that of the independent public research activities, especially as regards their respective costs and funding;
za katere se vodijo računovodske evidence, ločene od računovodskih evidenc za dejavnosti neodvisnih javnih raziskav, zlasti kar zadeva njihove stroške in financiranje;
are intrinsically linked to the principal activity of independent public research, so that it is not technically possible to separate them, by reason in particular of the use of the same infrastructures, equipment, materials or technologies, or the use of the same researchers, scientists, engineers, designers or technicians.
ki so tesno povezane z osnovno dejavnostjo neodvisnih javnih raziskav, tako da jih tehnično ni mogoče ločiti, zlasti zaradi uporabe iste infrastrukture, opreme, materiala ali tehnologij oziroma zaposlovanja istih raziskovalcev, znanstvenikov, inženirjev, oblikovalcev ali tehnikov.
These ancillary activities may consist in research, expert reports or technical or scientific consultancy, entailing where appropriate the provision of infrastructures, equipment, materials or technologies with high innovative content which are funded or introduced in the context of, and are necessary to, the independent public research work, which have few if any equivalents in the world [241] outside the services offered by one or more comparable research organisations, and the use of which requires the expertise and competency of researchers, scientists, engineers, designers or technicians who are employed mainly by the research organisation to contribute to its independent public research work.
Navedene pomožne dejavnosti lahko zajemajo izvajanje pogodbenih raziskav, strokovnih ali znanstvenih mnenj ali svetovanj ter po potrebi vključujejo posredovanje uporabe infrastrukture, opreme in materiala ali zelo inovativne tehnologije, ki so financirani ali vzpostavljeni in potrebni za neodvisne javne raziskave, kakršnih na svetu ni ali je le malo enakovrednih [241], razen storitev, ki jih ponujajo ena ali več primerljivih raziskovalnih organizacij, za njihovo uporabo pa so potrebni strokovno znanje in veščine raziskovalcev, znanstvenikov, inženirjev, oblikovalcev ali tehnikov, ki jih raziskovalna organizacija zaposluje, da bi prispevali k njenim dejavnostim neodvisnih javnih raziskav.
These services also permit the dissemination of scientific knowledge between public research and the industrial sector, offering customer undertakings the possibility to access IFP’s experimental resources, technologies and staff knowhow, and allowing IFP to accumulate feedback on the use made of its original work, which is a source of future improvements in its independent public research activities.
Navedene storitve poleg tega omogočajo širjenje znanstvenih dognanj med področjem javnih raziskav in industrijskim sektorjem, tako da podjetjem omogoča dostop do eksperimentalnih sredstev, tehnologij ter znanja in veščin osebja osebe javnega prava IFP, tej pa izmenjavo izkušenj o rezultatih njenega originalnega dela kot vira prihodnjih izboljšav njenih neodvisnih javnih raziskav.
These reciprocal impacts in the field of scientific knowledge are mutually beneficial for the various operators involved and for the European Union as a whole.
Od navedenih navzkrižnih vplivov strokovnih znanj imajo vzajemno korist različni vključeni subjekti in Evropska unija kot celota.
As indicated in recital 266, contract research and services activities represented only [0-5] (**) % of IFP’s total budget over the period between 2004 and 2009, which is an extremely small proportion.
V skladu z navedbo v uvodni izjavi 266 je izvajanje pogodbenih raziskav in storitev med letoma 2004 in 2009 zajemalo samo [0–5] (**) % celotnega proračuna osebe javnega prava IFP, kar je zelo omejen delež.
Moreover, for any one customer, the services invoiced are usually for an amount below EUR […] (*) in turnover, which means that the estimated maximum amount of aid usually remains negligible, in the order of EUR […] (*) per contract.
Poleg tega zaračunane storitve na vsako stranko najpogosteje znašajo manj kot […] (*) EUR prometa, tako da najvišji ocenjeni znesek pomoči ostaja najpogosteje zanemarljiv, in sicer […] (*) EUR na pogodbo.
Consequently, in the Commission’s view, the aid at issue is proportionate to the objective in the general interest which is the dissemination of scientific knowledge in the European Union.
Komisija zato meni, da je zadevna pomoč v sorazmerju s ciljem v splošnem interesu širjenja strokovnega znanja v Evropski uniji.
Provided that these ancillary activities continue to represent a very limited fraction of the budgets devoted by IFP to its principal task of independent public research, and taking account of the positive impact of these ancillary activities in terms of objectives in the common interest, the Commission is of the opinion that the fact that they are covered by the State guarantee cannot under any circumstances adversely affect trading conditions to an extent contrary to the interest of the Union within the meaning of Article 107(3)(c) TFEU.
Če bodo pomožne dejavnosti še naprej obsegale zelo omejen delež proračuna, ki ga oseba javnega prava IFP nameni svoji osnovni nalogi neodvisnih javnih raziskav, in ob upoštevanju pozitivnega vpliva pomožnih dejavnosti na cilje v skupnem interesu, Komisija meni, da se zaradi njihovega kritja z državnim poroštvom nikakor ne morejo spremeniti trgovinski pogoji v obsegu, ki bi bil v nasprotju z interesi Unije, v smislu člena 107(3)(c) PDEU.
In the annual reports relating to the measure at issue, it will be for the French authorities to provide proof that this condition is still being met.
Francoski organi bodo morali pri letnih poročilih o zadevnem ukrepu predložiti dokaz, da bo navedeni pogoj še naprej izpolnjen.
In case of doubt about the ancillary nature of contract research activities or provision of services, they should of course notify the Commission accordingly without delay, and where appropriate notify any State aid taking account of the impact of the State guarantee.
V primeru dvoma o tem, da so dejavnosti pogodbenih raziskav ali izvajanje storitev pomožni, bo treba o tem seveda takoj obvestiti Komisijo in po potrebi priglasiti morebitne državne pomoči ob upoštevanju učinka državnega poroštva.
The Commission also takes note of the proposal of the French authorities to include a clause stating that the State bears no liability in any contract specifically falling within IFP’s economic activity, and therefore its contract research activities and its provision of services, so as to allow a plea of accepted risk to be relied upon where appropriate, thus strictly limiting any negative repercussions of the guarantee.
Komisija je v teh okoliščinah seznanjena tudi s predlogom francoskih organov, da se v vsako pogodbo, ki se posebej nanaša na gospodarsko dejavnost osebe javnega prava IFP ter s tem na njene dejavnosti pogodbenih raziskav in izvajanje storitev, vstavi izjava o omejitvi odgovornosti države, tako da se po potrebi uveljavlja izjema sprejetega tveganja, morebitni negativni učinki poroštva pa precej omejijo.
AID TO THE IFP GROUP IN THE EXCLUSIVE FIELDS OF ACTIVITY OF AXENS AND PROSERNAT
POMOČ SKUPINI IFP NA PODROČJIH IZKLJUČNIH DEJAVNOSTI DRUŽB AXENS IN PROSERNAT
Basis for the examination of the compatibility of the aid
Podlaga za preučitev združljivosti pomoči
Since this is a State aid measure designed to support the R&D work carried out by IFP, the rules applicable to the examination of compatibility are those relating to State aid for research and development.
Pri ukrepu državne pomoči za dela v R & R, ki jih izvaja oseba javnega prava IFP, se za preučitev združljivosti uporabljajo pravila v zvezi z državnimi pomočmi za raziskave in razvoj.
However, in view of the fact that IFP’s economic activities are to be covered by the unlimited guarantee conferred by its EPIC status over an unlimited period of time, and in view of the fact that, as explained in recital 277, it is possible, exceptionally, to make a quantified estimate of the maximum impact of the guarantee in this particular case, the Commission will also make an assessment of whether the cover provided by the unlimited guarantee for IFP’s activities in the exclusive fields of activity of Axens and Prosernat is compatible with the internal market on the basis of the R&D&I Framework, from 1 January 2007, the date on which the Framework entered into force.
Ker mora biti kritje gospodarskih dejavnosti osebe javnega prava IFP z neomejenim poroštvom, dodeljenim na podlagi njenega statusa EPIC, časovno neomejeno in ker je mogoče v obravnavanem primeru v skladu s pojasnilom v uvodni izjavi 277 izjemoma oceniti največji učinek poroštva, bo Komisija preučila še, ali je z notranjim trgom združljivo kritje z neomejenim državnim poroštvom za dejavnosti osebe javnega prava IFP na izključnih področjih dejavnosti družb Axens in Prosernat na podlagi določb okvira R & R & I od 1. januarja 2007, ko je začel veljati.
In any event, the conclusions of the analysis of compatibility remain the same whichever framework is applied.
Ugotovitve analize združljivosti vsekakor ostajajo nespremenjene ne glede na uporabljeni okvir.
In decision C 51/2005 [243], the Commission considered that the activities carried on by IFP in collaboration with its subsidiaries Axens and Prosernat in their exclusive fields of activity did fall under the heading of R&D, because in each project sticking points were identified in the component parts, their relationships or the characteristics of the target processes or products; the work was carried out prior to certification, by staff consisting mainly of research workers and technicians, using methods based on experimentation, interpretation and modelling; and the results were wide in scope and patented.
Komisija je v zgoraj navedeni odločbi C 51/2005 [243] menila, da dejavnosti osebe javnega prava IFP na področjih izključnih dejavnosti in v sodelovanju s hčerinskima družbama Axens in Prosernat dejansko spadajo med R & R, ker so bile za vsak projekt pri sestavnih delih, razmerjih ali značilnostih postopkov ali ciljnih proizvodov ugotovljene mrtve točke, saj so bila dela izvedena pred odobritvijo, in sicer jih je izvedlo osebje, ki je vključevalo večinoma raziskovalce in tehnike, z metodami, ki temeljijo na poskusih, razlagi in oblikovanju ter katerih rezultati imajo širok pomen in so bili patentirani.
The Commission also observed that activities of the same type carried on by other operators in the sector were usually classified as research activities [244].
Komisija je poleg tega ugotovila, da so bile enake dejavnosti, ki jih izvajajo drugi nosilci dejavnosti v tem sektorju, običajno razvrščene kot raziskovalne dejavnosti [244].
The analysis of the innovative aspects of the research activities carried out was performed on the basis of the internationally recognised standards of the Frascati Manual [245].
Inovacijski vidiki izvajanih raziskovalnih dejavnosti so bili analizirani na podlagi mednarodnih standardov iz priročnika Frascati [245].
With respect to the year 2006, in decision C 51/2005 the Commission examined the work carried out under the research agreements concluded between IFP and Axens, on the one hand, and IFP and Prosernat, on the other [246].
Komisija je za leto 2006 v zgoraj navedeni odločbi C 51/2005 [246] preučila dela, izvedena v okviru pogodb o raziskavah, ki sta jih sklenili oseba javnega prava IFP in družba Axens na eni strani ter oseba javnega prava IFP in družba Prosernat na drugi strani.
For the following years, the Commission points out that decision C 51/2005 requires France to submit a report to the Commission each year setting out the details of the projects carried out by IFP classified by category of research.
Komisija za naslednja leta opozarja, da ji mora Francija v skladu z zgoraj navedeno odločbo C 51/2005 predložiti letno poročilo s podrobnostmi o projektih, ki jih vodi oseba javnega prava IFP, razvrščenih po kategorijah raziskav.