natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Even assuming that this was not fully clear from the Notice of initiation alone, interested parties had several possibilities to learn that the investigation covered castings made of grey and ductile cast iron, as it was mentioned in the non-confidential version of the complaint, the questionnaires and as it was disclosed at definitive stage to interested parties.
Tudi če to ne bi bilo povsem jasno zgolj iz obvestila o začetku, so imele zainteresirane stranke več možnosti, da izvejo, da je preiskava zajemala ulitke iz sive in nodularne litine, kakor je bilo navedeno v nezaupni različici pritožbe ter vprašalnikih in kakor je bilo na koncu postopka razkrito zainteresiranim strankam.
After disclosure of the final findings of this review, one interested party claimed that the Notice of initiation of the original investigation had to clearly indicate the product scope.
Po razkritju dokončnih ugotovitev tega pregleda je ena zainteresirana stranka trdila, da bi moral biti v obvestilu o začetku jasno naveden obseg izdelka.
Given that this Notice of initiation only mentioned castings made of non-malleable cast iron, an importer of castings made of malleable cast iron could be reassured that its products were not covered by the investigation and had no need to consult the non-confidential version of the complaint.
Glede na to, da so bili v tem obvestilu o začetku navedeni samo ulitki iz netempranega litega železa, bi moralo biti uvozniku ulitkov iz tempranega litega železa jasno, da njegovi izdelki v preiskavi niso bili zajeti in mu zato ni bilo treba brati nezaupne različice pritožbe.
In view of the wording of the original Notice of initiation it cannot be argued that castings made of ductile cast iron were explicitly or implicitly excluded from the definition of the product concerned.
Glede na besedilo prvotnega obvestila o začetku ni možno trditi, da so bili ulitki iz nodularne litine izrecno ali posredno izključeni iz opredelitve zadevnega izdelka.
As a starting point it must be noted that in the original Notice of initiation, first paragraph, it was said that the Commission received ‘a complaint (…), alleging that imports of certain castings, originating in the People’s Republic of China (…), are being dumped and are thereby causing material injury to the Community industry’.
Najprej je treba opozoriti, da je v prvem odstavku obvestila o začetku navedeno, da je Komisija prejela pritožbo […], v kateri se trdi, da se nekateri ulitki s poreklom v Ljudski republiki Kitajski […] uvažajo po dampinških cenah, kar močno škoduje industriji Skupnosti.
Secondly, section two (product) mentioned that castings made of non-malleable cast iron of a kind used to cover and/or to give access to ground or sub-surface systems would be covered, but without further specifying what could be understood as ‘non-malleable’.
Drugič, v oddelku 2 tega obvestila („izdelek“) je bilo navedeno le, da bodo v preiskavi zajeti ulitki iz netempranega litega železa, ki se uporabljajo za pokritje in/ali dostop do površinskih ali podpovršinskih sistemov, pri čemer pa ni bilo razloženo, kaj se razume pod „netempran“.
It is recalled in this context that the CN codes mentioned in the Notice of initiation were explicitly ‘only given for information’ and thus can not be argued to have limited the product scope of the original investigation.
V tem okviru se opozarja, da so bile oznake KN iz obvestila o začetku „zgolj informativne“ in zato ni mogoče trditi, da so omejile obseg izdelka iz prvotne preiskave.
Thus, the Notice of initiation already contained elements indicating to the importer or exporting producer of castings made of ductile iron of a kind to cover or give access to ground or sub-surface systems that ductile castings could be covered by the investigation.
Torej je že obvestilo o začetku vsebovalo informacije, ki bi uvoznika ali proizvajalca izvoznika ulitkov iz nodularne litine morale opozoriti, da bi ulitki iz nodularne litine, ki se uporabljajo za pokritje površinskih ali podpovršinskih sistemov in/ali dostop do njih, lahko bili zajeti v preiskavi.
In view of the above, this argument is rejected.
Glede na to se ta trditev zavrne.
In any case, even assuming that this was not the case, the review Notice of initiation was clear on that matter.
Vsekakor pa je obvestilo o začetku pregleda o tem jasno.
It noted in section 3 (ground for the review) that whereas the descriptive part of the definitive measures Regulation also covered castings made of ductile cast iron, on this point the scope of the operative part of that Regulation might have to be clarified.
V oddelku 3 tega obvestila (razlogi za pregled) je bilo navedeno, da medtem ko opisni del uredbe o uvedbi dokončnih ukrepov zajema tudi ulitke iz nodularne litine, je treba to vprašanje v operativnem delu uredbe razjasniti.
It explicitly invited all operators to make their views known, and to submit any evidence supporting those views.
V obvestilu so bili vsi gospodarski subjekti izrecno pozvani k predložitvi svojih stališč in dokazov v njihovo potrditev.
However, the importer concerned has not submitted any evidence that one or more of his supplier(s) which are subject to the duty had not understood that the original investigation also covered castings of ductile iron.
Vendar zadevni uvoznik ni predložil dokazov, da eden ali več njegovih dobaviteljev, za katere velja dajatev, ni razumel, da so bili v prvotni preiskavi zajeti tudi ulitki iz nodularne litine.
In this context, it should also be noted that the review Notice of initiation underlined in section 9 that any party wishing to do so could claim another review on the basis of Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation.
V tem smislu je treba opozoriti tudi, da je bilo v oddelku 9 obvestila o začetku pregleda poudarjeno, da lahko vsaka stranka, ki to želi, zahteva dodaten pregled na podlagi člena 11(3) osnovne uredbe.
However, no exporter whose products are subject to the duty has claimed that it did not understood, during the original investigation, that also castings of ductile iron were covered, and that, therefore, now, an additional review should be launched to recalculate the duty applicable to his products, including those of ductile iron.
Vendar noben izvoznik, za katerega izdelke velja dajatev, ni trdil, da med prvotno preiskavo ni razumel, da ta zajema tudi ulitke iz nodularne litine in da bi zato sedaj bil potreben dodaten pregled za ponoven izračun dajatve, ki bi se morala uporabljati za njegove izdelke, vključno s tistimi iz nodularne litine.
In view of the above, the argument made by the interested party is rejected.
Glede na to se trditev zainteresirane stranke zavrže.
Comparison between ductile iron castings and grey iron castings
Primerjava med ulitki iz nodularne litine in ulitki iz sive litine
In order to clarify whether the findings with regard to castings made of grey and ductile cast iron as set out in the definitive measures Regulation were indeed correct, it was examined whether ductile iron castings and grey iron castings were rightly considered to share the same physical, chemical and technical characteristics and end uses, as indicated in the definitive measures Regulation.
Za razjasnitev, ali so bile ugotovitve v zvezi z ulitki iz sive in nodularne litine iz uredbe o uvedbi dokončnih ukrepov dejansko pravilne, se je proučevalo, ali so se ulitki iz nodularne in sive litine upravičeno šteli kot izdelki z istimi fizikalnimi, kemičnimi in tehničnimi značilnostmi in končnimi uporabami, kakor je bilo navedeno v uredbi o uvedbi dokončnih ukrepov.
Physical, chemical, technical characteristics and interchangeability
Fizikalne, kemične in tehnične značilnosti ter medsebojna zamenljivost
In terms of physical characteristics, the final form of the casting is influenced by the purpose and installation conditions of the product but in any case the product has to conform to the standards in force, as laid down in, inter alia, EN 1561, EN 1563, EN 124 and EN 1433.
V zvezi s fizikalnimi značilnostmi: na končno obliko ulitkov vplivajo namen in pogoji montaže izdelka, vendar mora ta na vsak način biti skladen z veljavnimi standardi, med drugim standardi EN 1561, EN 1563, EN 124 in EN 1433.
Concerning the chemical characteristics of castings, both grey and ductile cast iron are alloys of iron and carbon.
Glede kemičnih značilnosti so ulitki iz sive in ulitiki iz nodularne litine zlitine železa in ogljika.
While there are slight differences in the structure of the raw material and also the materials added during the production process (e.g. magnesium) the final products do not show a significant difference in this respect.
V strukturi surovin in dodanih materialov v proizvodnem procesu (npr. magnezij) so sicer majhne razlike, vendar pa se končni izdelki glede tega med seboj bistveno ne razlikujejo.
It is noted that due to the magnesium added during the production process of ductile iron, the microstructure of the cast iron changes from a flake/lamellar form (grey cast iron) to a spheroidal structure.
Opozarja se, da se zaradi magnezija, dodanega med proizvodnim procesom nodularne litine, mikrostruktura litine spremeni iz oblike lističev/laminatov (siva litina) v krogličasto strukturo.
The more accurate term for ductile iron is therefore ‘spheroidal graphite cast iron’.
Ustreznejši izraz za nodularno litino je zato „sferoidna grafitna litina“.
As concerns the technical characteristics, the investigation demonstrated that ductile cast iron, in contrast to grey cast iron, has technical properties that allow the material to resist higher rupture stress and, more importantly, to be deformed to a significantly higher extent under compressive stress without fracture, i.e. ductile cast iron possesses plastic ductility whereas grey cast iron breaks under compressive stress, i.e. is brittle.
Glede tehničnih značilnosti je preiskava pokazala, da ima nodularna litina v nasprotju s sivo litino tehnične značilnosti, ki dajejo materialu odpornost na močan pritisk in, še pomembneje, mu omogočajo, da se razteza pod tlačno napetostjo, ne da bi se zlomil, kar pomeni, da je nodularna litina plastično raztezna, medtem ko se siva pod tlačno napetostjo zlomi, torej je krhka.
The investigation has also shown that despite this difference, other basic mechanical/technical characteristics such as the moulding ability, wear resistance and elasticity are comparable for grey cast iron and ductile cast iron.
S preiskavo je bilo ugotovljeno, da so kljub tej razliki druge osnovne mehanične/tehnične značilnosti sive in nodularne litine, kot je sposobnost oblikovanja, primerljive.
Moreover, the differences between grey and ductile cast iron mentioned above only affect the required design of the casting (i.e. whether a locking device is required), but not the fitness for the purpose of the casting, which is to cover and/or give access to ground or sub-surface systems.
Poleg tega navedene razlike med sivo in nodularno litino vplivajo le na zahteve pri obliki ulitkov (tj. če je potrebna mehanska pritrditev ulitka), ne pa na sposobnost ulitka za uporabo, tj. pokritje površinskih in/ali podpovršinskih sistemov in dostop do njih.
Cast iron products serving the abovementioned end uses must fulfil the requirements of standards EN 124 (manhole covers and gully tops) and EN 1433 (channel gratings).
Izdelki iz litin z navedenimi končnimi uporabami morajo izpolnjevati zahteve standardov EN 124 (pokrovi vhodnih odprtin in kanalizacijske rešetke) in EN 1433 (kanalske rešetke).
Both standards specify that cast iron materials have to meet the requirements of either EN 1561 or EN 1563 (i.e. grey or ductile cast iron).
Oba standarda določata, da mora material iz litine izpolnjevati zahteve standarda EN 1561 ali standarda EN 1563 (tj. siva ali nodularna litina).
Therefore, both grey and ductile cast iron fulfil the requirements of the standards, so they can be considered as being interchangeable.
Zato siva in nodularna litina izpolnjujeta zahteve standardov in se torej lahko štejeta kot medsebojno zamenljivi.
End uses
Končne uporabe
Consumers perceive both types of casting to be the same product used to cover manholes, resist traffic load, provide safe and easy access to buried networks or to collect surface water (gratings).
Potrošniki obe vrsti ulitkov zaznavajo kot enak izdelek, ki se uporablja za pokritje vhodnih odprtin, vzdrži težo prometa, omogoča varen in enostaven dostop do podzemnih napeljav ali zbiranje površinske vode (rešetke).
Both types provide long term durable solutions.
Obe vrsti nudita dolgoročne in trajnostne rešitve.
It is consequently concluded that although there are slight differences between the two product types, they were rightly considered as a single product as they share the same physical, chemical and technical characteristics, can be used for the same purposes and are interchangeable.
Zato se sklene, da sta se obe vrsti izdelka kljub majhnim razlikam med njima pravilno šteli kot en izdelek, saj imata iste fizikalne, kemične in tehnične značilnosti, se lahko uporabljata za iste namene in sta med seboj zamenljivi.
This confirms the findings of the original investigation and recitals 18 and 20-22 of the definitive measures Regulation.
To potrjuje ugotovitve iz prvotne preiskave ter uvodnih izjav 18, 19, 20, 21 in 22 uredbe o uvedbi dokončnih ukrepov.
After final disclosure, several interested parties contested these findings and stressed that already in the original investigation, it was erroneously concluded that castings made of grey and of ductile cast iron share the same characteristics and should be regarded as one single product for the purpose of the investigation.
Po dokončnem razkritju je več zainteresiranih strank nasprotovalo tem ugotovitvam in trdilo, da je bilo v prvotni preiskavi napačno sklenjeno, da imajo ulitki iz sive in ulitki iz nodularne litine iste značilnosti in se morajo šteti kot en sam izdelek za namene preiskave.
These parties argued that several factors would demonstrate that both types of castings are not comparable and should be treated as different products.
Te stranke so trdile, da več elementov kaže, da vrsti ulitkov nista primerljivi in bi se morali obravnavati kot različna izdelka.
In particular, these parties mentioned (i) the differences in the production process which lead to (ii) completely different physical, chemical and technical characteristics and (iii) a different cost structure and lastly (iv) a different consumer perception.
Te stranke so zlasti navedle (i) razlike v proizvodnem procesu, ki vodi do (ii) popolnoma različnih fizikalnih, kemičnih in tehničnih značilnosti, (iii) različne stroškovne strukture ter (iv) različnega dojemanja pri potrošnikih.
To support this claim, several expert opinions as well as publications in professional journals were submitted to the Commission.
V podporo tej trditvi je bilo Komisiji predloženih več izvedenskih mnenj in objav iz strokovnih revij.
These experts’ opinions mainly highlighted the differences between ductile cast iron and grey cast iron in the graphite structure as well as the technical differences, i.e. the fact that ductile iron can be deformed under compressive stress whereas grey iron breaks under the same conditions.
Izvedenska mnenja so zlasti poudarjala razlike med nodularno litino in sivo litino v grafitni strukturi ter tudi tehnične razlike, tj. dejstvo, da se nodularna litina lahko deformira pod tlačno napetostjo, siva pa se v takšnih razmerah zlomi.
In this respect, it is noted that this investigation confirmed that there are indeed differences between both product types, i.e. castings made of grey cast iron and castings made of ductile cast iron.
V zvezi s tem se opozarja, da je preiskava potrdila, da med vrstama izdelka, tj. ulitki iz sive litine in ulitki iz nodularne litine, obstajajo razlike.
The fact that magnesium is added during the production process of a casting made of ductile cast iron changes the graphite structure from flake/lamellar to spheroidal and gives it different mechanical properties such as a certain deformability under compressive stress.
Dejstvo, da se v proizvodnem procesu ulitkov iz nodularne litine dodaja magnezij, spremeni grafitno strukturo iz lističev/laminatov v krogličasto strukturo, zaradi česar nastanejo različne mehanične značilnosti, kot je določena razteznost pod tlačno napetostjo.
In addition, castings made of ductile cast iron normally require a special design to lock it with the surface.
Poleg tega morajo biti ulitki iz nodularne litine običajno posebne oblike zaradi mehanske pritrditve na površino.
However, it is recalled that it is consistent practice to examine if products or product types share the same basic physical, chemical and technical characteristics and are basically used for the same purposes in order to determine whether they should form one single product for the purpose of an anti-dumping investigation.
Vendar se opozarja, da je običajna praksa proučiti, ali imajo izdelki oziroma vrste izdelkov iste osnovne fizikalne, kemične in tehnične značilnosti in se v glavnem uporabljajo za iste namene, da se ugotovi, ali predstavljajo enak izdelek za namene protidampinške preiskave.
This means that product types do not have to be identical in all aspects from a scientific (or other) point of view, but that certain differences can be accepted as long as the abovementioned basic characteristics are shared.
To pomeni, da ni nujno, da so vrste izdelkov z znanstvenega (ali kakšnega drugega) vidika enake v vseh pogledih, ter da so nekatere razlike dovoljene, če so zgoraj navedene osnovne značilnosti iste.
Moreover, it is recalled that the proceeding is not against imports of the material as such, i.e. cast iron, but against castings used to cover and/or give access to ground or sub-surface systems and parts thereof.
Poleg tega se opozarja, da so predmet postopka ulitki, ki se uporabljajo za pokritje in/ali površinskih ali podpovršinskih sistemov in njihovih delov in ne uvoz materiala kot takega, tj. litine.
This investigation confirmed that a casting made of ductile cast iron shares the same basic characteristics as a casting made of grey cast iron (see arguments in recitals 24-30 above).
S preiskavo je bilo potrjeno, da imajo ulitki iz nodularne litine iste osnovne značilnosti kot ulitki iz sive litine (glej razlago v uvodnih izjavah od 24 do 30).
Thus, the argument that castings made of grey cast iron and castings made of ductile cast iron do not share the same basic characteristics is rejected.
Torej se trditev, da ulitki iz sive in ulitki iz nodularne litine nimajo istih značilnosti, zavrže.
Channel gratings
Kanalske rešetke
In the framework of this investigation, two companies claimed that drainage systems covered by standard EN 1433 should not fall under the scope of the measures.
V okviru te preiskave sta dve družbi trdili, da ukrepi ne smejo zajemati drenažnih sistemov iz standarda EN 1433.
To support their claim, the interested parties pointed out that in the definitive measures Regulation only another standard (EN 124) applicable to manhole covers and gully tops, is mentioned, and that the original investigation clearly focussed on manhole covers.
V podporo tej trditvi so zainteresirane stranke poudarile, da je v uredbi o uvedbi dokončnih ukrepov naveden samo standard EN 124, ki se uporablja za pokrove vhodnih odprtin in kanalizacijske rešetke, in da je bila prvotna preiskava jasno osredotočena na pokrove vhodnih odprtin.
The complainant argued that the review Notice of initiation setting out the grounds of this partial interim review did not mention the issue of channel gratings and that therefore the arguments in this regard should be ignored.
Pritožnik je trdil, da v obvestilu o začetku pregleda, ki je bil podlaga temu delnemu vmesnemu pregledu, kanalske rešetke niso bile omenjene in da se zato trditev v zvezi z njimi ne sme upoštevati.
This argument is however rejected in view of the fact that the review Notice of initiation also stipulated that the product scope should be clarified.
Ta trditev se zavrže že zato, ker je bilo v obvestilu o začetku pregleda tudi navedeno, da je treba pojasniti obseg izdelka.
The fact that a special focus was given to the question whether castings made of ductile cast iron are covered by the measures does not exclude that other claims regarding the product scope can be analysed.
Dejstvo, da je bila posebna pozornost namenjena vprašanju, ali ukrepi zajemajo ulitke iz nodularne litine, ne izključuje možnosti proučitve drugih trditev v zvezi z obsegom izdelka.
It was firstly examined if channel gratings were covered by the original investigation.
Najprej se je proučevalo, ali so bile kanalske rešetke zajete v prvotni preiskavi.
As stated in recital 14, the Notice of initiation of the original investigation described the product under consideration as ‘certain articles of non-malleable cast iron of a kind used to cover and/or to give access to ground or sub-surface systems, and parts thereof, (…)’.
Kakor je navedeno v uvodni izjavi 14, je bil obravnavani izdelek v obvestilu o začetku prvotne preiskave opisan kot „nekateri izdelki iz netempranega litega železa, ki se uporabljajo za pokritje in/ali dostop do površinskih ali podpovršinskih sistemov in njihovih delov […]“.
As channel gratings are articles used to cover ground or sub-surface systems and parts thereof, the Notice of initiation had to be read as covering channel gratings as a type of castings.
Ker so kanalizacijske rešetke izdelki, ki se uporabljajo za pokritje in/ali dostop do površinskih ali podpovršinskih sistemov in njihovih delov, je bilo obvestilo o začetku treba razumeti tako, da zajema kanalske rešetke kot vrste ulitkov.
Moreover, the non-confidential version of the original complaint explicitly stated that the product concerned ‘is usually named by reference to its purpose that is manhole top (or manhole covers), gully top or channel grating and surface box’ (see point 3.2).
Poleg tega je v nezaupni različici prvotne pritožbe izrecno navedeno, da je „zadevni izdelek običajno imenovan glede na njegovo uporabo, tj. kot pokrov vhodnih odprtin, kanalizacijske rešetke ali kanalske rešetke in cestna kapa“ (glej točko 3.2).
Another reference to channel gratings as being part of the product concerned can be found in point 3.5 (efficient surface water drainage) and 3.6.
Druga referenca za kanalske rešetke kot del zadevnega izdelka je v točkah 3.5 (učinkovita drenaža površinske vode) in 3.6.
Moreover, channel gratings were also included in the description of the product types which had to be reported in the questionnaire (product control numbers) and all cooperating parties that received a questionnaire had to report sales of channel gratings as well.
Poleg tega so bile kanalske rešetke zajete tudi v opisu vrst izdelka, ki jih je bilo treba navesti v vprašalniku (kontrolna številka izdelka), vse sodelujoče stranke, ki so prejele vprašalnik, pa so morale sporočiti tudi podatke o prodaji kanalskih rešetk.
Thus, all findings concerning dumping, injury, causality and Community interest of the original investigation also included channel gratings.
Torej vse ugotovitve v zvezi z dampingom, škodo, vzročnostjo in interesom Skupnosti iz prvotne preiskave veljajo tudi za kanalske rešetke.
Furthermore, in the definitive measures Regulation which was also disclosed to all interested parties, notably in the recitals 15-17, it is mentioned that castings are generally comprised of a frame which is embedded in the ground and either a cover or a grate which sits flush with any surface.
Poleg tega je v uredbi o uvedbi dokončnih ukrepov, ki je bila prav tako razkrita vsem zainteresiranim strankam, v uvodnih izjavah od 15 do 17 navedeno, da so ulitki običajno sestavljeni iz okvirja, ki je pritrjen v tla, in pokrova ali rešetk, niveliranih s površino.
Recital 17 mentions that cover and grates are available in any shape including but not limited to triangular, circular, square or rectangular.
V uvodni izjavi 17 je navedeno, da so pokrovi in rešetke na voljo v kakršni koli obliki, vključno s trikotno, okroglo, kvadratno ali pravokotno, vendar niso omejeni le na te oblike.