natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Weigh about 2,5 g of the sample to the nearest 1 mg in an ashing crucible.
V žarilni lonček se natehta približno 2,5 g vzorca na 1 mg natančno.
Mix the test sample until completely merged with 1 g of calcium carbonate (3.1).
Doda se 1 g kalcijevega karbonata (3.1) in meša, da se snovi popolnoma premešata.
Ash in the oven at 550 oC until white or grey ash is obtained (a little charcoal does not matter).
Žari se v pečici pri 550 oC, da nastane bel ali siv pepel (majhna količina oglja ni problematična).
Transfer the ash into a 250 ml beaker.
Pepel se prenese v 250-mililitrsko čašo.
Add 20 ml of water and hydrochloric acid (3.2) until effervescence ceases.
Doda se 20 ml vode, nato pa se dodaja klorovodikova kislina (3.2), dokler ne prenehajo izhajati mehurčki.
Add a further 10 ml of hydrochloric acid (3.2).
Doda se nadaljnjih 10 ml klorovodikove kisline (3.2).
Place the beaker on a sand bath and evaporate until dry to make the silica insoluble.
Čaša se postavi na peščeno kopel in pusti uparevati do suhega, da kremen postane netopen.
Redissolve the residue in 10 ml of nitric acid (3.3) and boil on the sand bath or hot plate for 5 minutes without evaporating until dry.
Ostanek se raztopi v 10 ml dušikove kisline (3.3) in se na peščeni kopeli ali vroči plošči pusti vreti 5 minut, raztopina pa ne sme upariti v celoti.
Decant the liquid into a 500 ml graduated flask, rinsing the beaker several times with hot water.
Tekočina se prelije v 500-mililitrsko merilno bučko, čaša pa se večkrat spere z vročo vodo.
Development of coloration and measurement of optical density
Nastanek barve in merjenje optične gostote
Dilute an aliquot part of the filtrate obtained by 5.1.1 or 5.1.2 to obtain a phosphorus concentration of not more than 40 μg/ml.
Alikvot filtrata iz točke 5.1.1 ali 5.1.2 se razredči do koncentracije fosforja največ 40 μg/ml.
Place 10 ml of this solution in a test tube (4.6) and add 10 ml of molybdovanadate reagent (3.6).
10 ml te raztopine se prenese v epruveto (4.6) in doda 10 ml molibdovanadatnega reagenta (3.6).
Homogenise and leave to stand for at least 10 minutes at 20 oC.
Homogenizira se in pusti stati najmanj 10 minut pri 20 oC.
Measure the optical density in a spectrophotometer at 430 nm against a solution obtained by adding 10 ml of the molybdovanadate reagent (3.6) to 10 ml of water.
Izmeri se optična gostota s spektrofotometrom pri 430 nm raztopine, ki se dobi z dodajanjem 10 ml molibdovanadatnega reagenta (3.6) v 10 ml vode.
From the standard solution (3.7) prepare solutions containing respectively 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μg of phosphorus per ml.
Iz standardne raztopine (3.7) se pripravijo raztopine, ki vsebujejo 5, 10, 20, 30 in 40 μg fosforja na ml.
Measure the optical density as indicated in 5.2.
Izmeri se optična gostota, kakor je navedeno v točki 5.2.
Trace the calibration curve by plotting the optical densities against the corresponding quantities of phosphorus.
Umeritvena krivulja se pripravi tako, da se v diagram vnesejo izmerjene optične gostote ustreznih količin fosforja.
For concentrations between 0 and 40 μg/ml, the curve will be linear.
Za koncentracije 0–40 μg/ml bo krivulja linearna.
Determine the amount of phosphorus in the test sample by using the calibration curve.
Količina fosforja v preskusnem vzorcu se določi iz umeritvene krivulje.
3 %, relative to the higher result, for phosphorus contents of less than 5 %,
3 % višjega rezultata, če je vsebnost fosforja nižja od 5 %,
0,15 % in absolute value, for phosphorus contents of 5 % or more.
0,15 % absolutne vrednosti, če je vsebnost fosforja 5 % ali več.
DETERMINATION OF CHLORINE FROM CHLORIDES
DOLOČANJE KLORA IZ KLORIDOV
This method makes it possible to determine the amount of chlorine in chlorides which are soluble in water, conventionally expressed as sodium chloride.
Ta metoda omogoča določanja količine klora v kloridih, topnih v vodi, ki so ponavadi izraženi kot natrijev klorid.
It is applicable to all feed.
Uporablja se za vso krmo.
The chlorides are dissolved in water.
Kloridi se raztopijo v vodi.
If the product contains organic matter it is clarified.
Če proizvod vsebuje organske snovi, se zbistri.
The solution is slightly acidified with nitric acid and the chlorides precipitated in the form of silver chloride by means of a solution of silver nitrate.
Raztopina se rahlo nakisa z dušikovo kislino in kloridi se oborijo v obliki srebrovega klorida z raztopino srebrovega nitrata.
The excess silver nitrate is titrated with a solution of ammonium thiocyanate, by Volhard's method.
Presežek srebrovega nitrata se titrira z raztopino amonijevega tiocianata po Volhardovi metodi.
Solution of ammonium thiocyanate 0,1 mol/litre.
Raztopina amonijevega tiocianata, 0,1 mol/liter
Solution of silver nitrate 0,1 mol/litre.
Raztopina srebrovega nitrata, 0,1 mol/l
Saturated solution of ammonium ferric sulphate (NH4)Fe(SO4)2.
Nasičena raztopina amonij-železovega sulfata (NH4)Fe(SO4)2
Nitric acid, density: 1,38 g/ml.
Dušikova kislina, gostota: 1,38 g/ml
Diethyl ether.
Dietileter
Carrez I solution: dissolve in water 21,9 g of zinc acetate, Zn (CH3COO)2·2H2O and 3 g of glacial acetic acid.
Raztopina Carrez I: 21,9 g cinkovega acetata Zn (CH3COO)2·2H2O in 3 g ledoceta se raztopijo v vodi.
Carrez II solution: dissolve in water 10,6 g of potassium ferrocyanide K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O.
Raztopina Carrez II: 10,6 g kalijevega ferocianida K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O se raztopi v vodi.
Active carbon, free from chlorides and not absorbing them.
Aktivno oglje, ki ne vsebuje kloridov in jih ne absorbira.
According to the nature of the sample, prepare a solution as shown under 5.1.1, 5.1.2 or 5.1.3.
Glede na naravo vzorca se raztopina pripravi, kakor je navedeno v točki 5.1.1, 5.1.2 ali 5.1.3.
At the same time carry out a blank test omitting the sample to be analysed.
Hkrati se opravi slepi preskus brez vzorca, ki se analizira.
Samples free from organic matter
Vzorci brez organskih snovi
Weigh to the nearest mg a sample of not more than 10 g and containing not more than 3 g of chlorine in the form of chlorides.
Največ 10 g vzorca, ki vsebuje največ 3 g klora v obliki kloridov, se natehta na 1 mg natančno.
Place with 400 ml of water in a 500 ml volumetric flask at approximately 20 oC.
S 400 ml vode se prenese v 500-mililitrsko merilno bučko pri približno 20 oC.
Mix for 30 minutes in the tumbler, bring up to volume, homogenise and filter.
V mešalniku se meša 30 minut, dopolni do oznake, homogenizira in filtrira.
Samples containing organic matter, excluding the products listed under 5.1.3.
Vzorci, ki vsebujejo organske snovi, razen proizvodov iz točke 5.1.3
Weigh approximately 5 g of the sample to the nearest mg and place with 1 g of active carbon in a 500 ml volumetric flask.
Približno 5 g vzorca se natehta na 1 mg natančno in se skupaj z 1 g aktivnega oglja prenese v 500-mililitrsko merilno bučko.
Add 400 ml of water at approximately 20 oC and 5 ml of Carrez solution I (3.7), stir for 30 seconds then add 5 ml of Carrez solution II (3.8).
Doda se 400 ml vode s temperaturo približno 20 oC in 5 ml raztopine Carrez I (3.7), meša se 30 sekund in nato doda 5 ml raztopine Carrez II (3.8).
Cooked feed, flax cakes and flour, products rich in flax flour and other products rich in mucilage or in colloidal substances (for example, dextrinated starch)
Kuhana krma, lanove pogače in moka, proizvodi, ki vsebujejo veliko lanene moke, in drugi proizvodi, ki vsebujejo veliko lepila ali koloidnih snovi (na primer dekstriniran škrob)
Prepare the solution as described under 5.1.2 but do not filter.
Raztopina se pripravi, kakor je opisano v točki 5.1.2, vendar se ne filtrira.
Decant (if necessary centrifuge), remove 100 ml of the supernatant liquid and transfer to a 200 ml measuring flask.
Dekantira se (po potrebi centrifugira), 100 ml supernatanta pa se odstrani in prenese v 200-mililitrsko merilno bučko.
Mix with acetone (3.6) and bring up to volume with this solvent, homogenise and filter.
Zmeša se z acetonom (3.6) in z njim dopolni do oznake, homogenizira in filtrira.
Using a pipette, transfer to an Erlenmeyer flask from 25 ml to 100 ml of the filtrate (according to the assumed chlorine content) obtained as described under 5.1.1, 5.1.2 or 5.1.3.
S pipeto se v erlenmajerico prenese 25–100 ml filtrata (glede na pričakovano vsebnost klora), ki nastane pri postopku iz točke 5.1.1, 5.1.2 ali 5.1.3.
The aliquot portion must not contain more than 150 mg of chlorine (Cl).
Alikvot ne sme vsebovati več kot 150 mg klora (Cl).
Dilute if necessary to not less than 50 ml with water, add 5 ml of nitric acid (3.4), 20 ml of saturated solution of ammonium ferric sulphate (3.3) and two drops of ammonium thiocyanate solution (3.1) transferred by means of a burette filled up to the zero mark.
Po potrebi se z vodo razredči na najmanj 50 ml, doda se 5 ml dušikove kisline (3.4), 20 ml nasičene raztopine amonij-železovega sulfata (3.3) in 2 kapljici raztopine amonijevega tiocianata (3.1), ki se doda iz birete, napolnjene do oznake nič.
Using a burette, transfer the silver nitrate solution (3.2) in such a way that an excess of 5 ml is obtained.
Z bireto se doda raztopina srebrovega nitrata (3.2), tako da nastane 5 ml presežka.
Add 5 ml of diethyl ether (3.5) and shake hard to coagulate the precipitate.
Doda se 5 ml dietiletra (3.5) in dobro se pretrese, da oborina koagulira.
Titrate the excess silver nitrate with the ammonium thiocyanate solution (3.1) until the reddish-brown tint has lasted for one minute.
Presežek srebrovega nitrata se titrira z raztopino amonijevega tiocianata (3.1), dokler ne nastane rdečkastorjavi odtenek, ki je obstojen 1 minuto.
The amount of chlorine (X), expressed as % sodium chloride is calculated by using the following formula:
Količina klora (X), izražena kot masni delež natrijevega klorida, se izračuna po naslednji formuli:
ml of silver nitrate solution 0,1 mol/l added
ml dodane raztopine srebrovega nitrata 0,1 mol/l;
ml of ammonium thiocyanate solution 0,1 mol/l used for titration
ml za titracijo uporabljene raztopine amonijevega tiocianata 0,1 mol/l;
m weight of sample.
m masa vzorca.
If the blank test indicates that silver nitrate solution 0,1 mol/l has been consumed deduct this value from the volume (V1 - V2).
Če je pri slepem preskusu uporabljen srebrov nitrat 0,1 mol/l, se ta vrednost odšteje od volumna (V1 – V2).
Titration may also be carried out by potentiometry.
Titracija se lahko izvede tudi s potenciometrom.
In the case of products which are very rich in oils and fats, first de-fat with diethyl ether or light petroleum.
Proizvodi, ki vsebujejo veliko olj in maščob, se najprej razmastijo z dietiletrom ali petroletrom.
In the case of fish-meal, titration may be carried out by Mohr’s method.
Pri ribji moki se titracija lahko izvede z Mohrovo metodo.
For the drying of cereals, flour, groats and meal, the oven must have a thermal capacity such that, when pre-set at 131 oC, it will return to that temperature in less than 45 minutes after the maximum number of test samples have been placed inside to dry simultaneously.
Za sušenje žita, moke, drobljencev in zdroba mora imeti sušilnik takšno toplotno kapaciteto, da se bo, ko je predhodno nastavljen na 131 oC, vrnil na to temperaturo v manj kot 45 minutah, potem ko je bilo vanj za sušenje hkrati postavljeno največje možno število vzorcev.
Ventilation must be such that, when as many samples of common wheat as it can contain are dried for two hours, the results differ from those obtained after four hours of drying by less than 0,15 %.
Ventilacija mora biti takšna, da se, ko se v sušilniku dve uri suši največje možno število vzorcev pšenice, rezultati razlikujejo za manj kot 0,15 % od tistih, ki so bili sušeni 4 ure.
Where the oil or fat has to undergo subsequent quality tests, replace the fragments of pumice stone by glass beads.
Kadar je treba kakovost olja ali maščob naknadno še preskušati, se delci plovca zamenjajo s steklenimi kroglicami.
METHODS OF ANALYSIS TO CONTROL THE LEVEL OF AUTHORISED ADDITIVES IN FEED
ANALITSKE METODE ZA NADZOR RAVNI DOVOLJENIH KRMNIH DODATKOV
DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN A
DOLOČANJE VITAMINA A
This method makes it possible to determine the level of vitamin A (retinol) in feed and premixtures.
Ta metoda omogoča določanje ravni vitamina A (retinola) v krmi in premiksih.
Vitamin A includes all-trans-retinyl alcohol and its cis-isomers which are determined by this method.
Vitamin A vključuje celoten trans-retinil alkohol in njegove cis izomere, ki se določajo s to metodo.
The content of vitamin A is expressed in International Units (IU) per kg.
Vsebnost vitamina A se izrazi v mednarodnih enotah (IU) na kg.
One IU corresponds to the activity of 0,300 μg all-trans-vitamin A alcohol or 0,344 μg all-trans-vitamin A acetate or 0,550 μg all-trans-vitamin A palmitate.
Ena IU ustreza aktivnosti 0,300 μg celotnega trans-vitamin A alkohola ali 0,344 μg acetata celotnega trans-vitamina A ali 0,550 μg palmitata celotnega trans-vitamina A.
The limit of quantification is 2000 IU vitamin A/kg.
Meja kvantifikacije je 2000 IU vitamina A/kg.
The sample is hydrolysed with ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution and the vitamin A is extracted into light petroleum.
Vzorec se hidrolizira z raztopino etanolnega kalijevega hidroksida, vitamin A pa se ekstrahira v petroleter.
The solvent is removed by evaporation and the residue is dissolved in methanol and, if necessary, diluted to the required concentration.
Topilo se odstrani z uparevanjem, ostanek pa raztopi v metanolu in po potrebi razredči do zahtevane koncentracije.
The content of vitamin A is determined by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) using a UV or a fluorescence detector.
Vsebnost vitamina A se določi s plinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti z reverzno fazo (RP–HPLC) z uporabo UV- ali fluorescenčnega detektorja.
The chromatographic parameters are chosen so that there is no separation between the all-trans-vitamin A alcohol and its cis isomers.
Kromatografski parametri se izberejo tako, da se celoten trans-vitamin A alkohol in njegovi cis izomeri ne ločijo.
Light petroleum, boiling range 40 oC-60 oC
Petroleter, vrelišče 40–60 oC
Potassium hydroxide solution, c = 50 g/100 ml
Raztopina kalijevega hidroksida, c = 50 g/100 ml
Sodium ascorbate solution, c = 10 g/100 ml (see 7.7 observations)
Raztopina natrijevega askorbata, c = 10 g/100 ml (glej opombo 7.7)
Sodium sulphide, Na2S · x H2O (x = 7-9)
Natrijev sulfid, Na2S· x H2O (x = 7–9)
Sodium sulphide solution, c = 0,5 mol/l in glycerol, ß = 120 g/l (for x = 9) (see 7.8 observations)
Raztopina natrijevega sulfida, c = 0,5 mol/l v glicerolu, ß = 120 g/l (za x = 9) (glej opombo 7.8)
Phenolphthalein solution, c = 2 g/100 ml in ethanol (3.1)
Raztopina fenolftaleina, c = 2 g/100 ml v etanolu (3.1)
Mobile phase for HPLC: mixture of methanol (3.3) and water, e.g. 980 + 20 (v + v).
Mobilna faza za HPLC: mešanica metanola (3.3) in vode, npr. 980 + 20 (v + v).
The exact ratio will be determined by the characteristics of the column employed.
Točno razmerje bo določeno glede na značilnosti uporabljene kolone.
Nitrogen, oxygen free
Dušik, brez kisika
All-trans-vitamin A acetate, extra pure, of certified activity, e.g. 2,80 x 106 IU/g
Acetat celotnega trans-vitamina A, posebne čistosti, certificirane aktivnosti, npr. 2,80 × 106 IU/g
Stock solution of all-trans-vitamin A acetate: Weigh to the nearest 0,1 mg, 50 mg of vitamin A acetate (3.11) into a 100 ml graduated flask.
Osnovna raztopina acetata celotnega trans-vitamina A: 50 mg acetata vitamina A (3.11) se natehta na 0,1 mg natančno in prenese v 100-mililitrsko merilno bučko.
Dissolve in 2-propanol (3.8) and make up to the mark with the same solvent.
Raztopi se v 2-propanolu (3.8) in dopolni do oznake z istim topilom.
The nominal concentration of this solution is 1400 IU vitamin A per ml.
Nominalna koncentracija te raztopine je 1400 IU vitamina A na ml.
The exact content has to be determined according to 5.6.3.1.
Točno vsebnost je treba določiti v skladu s točko 5.6.3.1.
All-trans-vitamin A palmitate, extra pure, of certified activity, e.g. 1,80 x 106 IU/g
Palmitat celotnega trans-vitamina A, posebne čistosti, certificirane aktivnosti, npr. 1,80 × 106 IU/g
Stock solution of all-trans-vitamin A palmitate: Weigh to the nearest 0,1 mg, 80 mg of vitamin A palmitate (3.12) into a 100 ml graduated flask.
Osnovna raztopina palmitata celotnega trans-vitamina A: 80 mg palmitata vitamina A (3.12) se natehta na 0,1 mg natančno in prenese v 100-mililitrsko merilno bučko.
The exact content has to be determined according to 5.6.3.2.
Točno vsebnost je treba določiti v skladu s točko 5.6.3.2.
2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) (see 7.5 observations)
2,6-Di-tert-butil-4-metilfenol (BHT) (glej opombo 7.5)
Vacuum rotary evaporator
Rotacijski vakuumski uparjalnik
Amber glassware
Temna steklovina
Flat bottom or conical flasks, 500 ml, with ground-glass socket
Bučke z ravnim dnom ali erlenmajerice, 500-mililitrske, z brušenim vratom
Graduated flasks with ground-glass stoppers, narrow-necked, 10, 25, 100 and 500 ml
Merilne bučke z zamaški iz brušenega stekla, z ozkim vratom, 10, 25, 100 in 500-mililitrske
Separating funnels, conical, 1000 ml, with ground-glass stoppers
Liji ločniki, konusni, 1000-mililitrski, z zamaški iz brušenega stekla
Pear shaped flasks, 250 ml, with ground-glass sockets
Hruškaste bučke, 250-mililitrske, z zamaški iz brušenega stekla
Allihn condenser, jacket length 300 mm, with ground-glass joint, with adapter for gas feed pipe
Allihnov kondenzator, z dolžino obroča 300 mm s spojem iz brušenega stekla in z nastavkom za dovodno cev plina
Pleated filter paper for phase separation, diameter 185 mm (e.g. Schleicher & Schuell 597 HY 1/2)
Naguban filtrirni papir za ločevanje faz, premera 185 mm (npr. Schleicher & Schuell 597 HY 1/2)
HPLC equipment with injection system
Oprema HPLC s sistemom vbrizgavanja
Liquid chromatographic column, 250 mm x 4 mm, C18, 5 or 10 μm packing, or equivalent (performance criterion: only a single peak for all retinol isomers under the HPLC-conditions)
Kolona za tekočinsko kromatografijo, 250 mm x 4 mm, C18, polnitev 5 ali 10 μm ali enakovredna (kriterij za zmogljivost: samo en vrh za vse izomere retinola pod pogoji kromatografije HPLC)
UV or fluorescence detector, with variable wavelength adjustment
UV- ali fluorescenčni detektor s spremenljivo nastavitvijo valovne dolžine
Spectrophotometer with 10 mm quartz cells
Spektrofotometer z 10 mm kvarcnimi kivetami
Water-bath with magnetic stirrer
Vodna kopel z magnetnim mešalnikom
Extraction apparatus (see figure 1) consisting of:
Naprava za ekstrakcijo (glej sliko 1), sestavljena iz:
Glass cylinder of 1 l capacity fitted with a ground glass neck and stopper
steklenega valja z volumnom l litra, vratom iz brušenega stekla in zamaškom;
Ground glass insert equipped with a side-arm and an adjustable tube passing through the centre.
vložka iz brušenega stekla s stransko ročico in nastavljivo cevjo, ki gre skozi središče.
The adjustable tube shall have a U-shaped lower end and a jet at the opposite end so that the upper liquid layer in the cylinder may be transferred into a separating funnel.
Nastavljiva cev ima spodnji del v obliki črke U in vbrizg na nasprotnem koncu, tako da vrhnja plast tekočine v valju lahko preide v lij ločnik.
Vitamin A is sensitive to (UV-) light and to oxidation.
Vitamin A je občutljiv na (UV) svetlobo in oksidacijo.
All operations shall be carried out in the absence of light (using amber glassware, or glassware protected with aluminium foil) and oxygen (flush with nitrogen).
Vsi postopki se izvajajo brez svetlobe (z uporabo temne steklovine ali steklene posode, zaščitene v aluminijasto folijo) in kisika (spiranje z dušikom).
During extraction air above the liquid shall be replaced by nitrogen (avoid excess pressure by loosening the stopper from time to time).
Med ekstrakcijo se zrak nad tekočino zamenja z dušikom (previsokemu tlaku se izogne z občasnim rahljanjem zamaška).
Grind the sample so that it passes a 1 mm mesh sieve, taking care to avoid generation of heat.
Vzorec se zdrobi tako, da preide skozi 1 mm sito, pri čemer se je treba izogibati nastanku toplote.
Grinding must be carried out immediately before weighing and saponification otherwise there may be losses of vitamin A.
Drobljenje se mora izvesti neposredno pred tehtanjem in umiljenjem, drugače lahko pride do izgube vitamina A.
Saponification
Umiljenje
Depending on the vitamin A content weigh, to the nearest 1 mg, 2 g to 25 g of the sample into a 500 ml flat bottom or conical flask (4.2.1).
Glede na vsebnost vitamina A se natehta 2–25 g vzorca na 1 mg natančno in prenese v 500-mililitrsko bučko z ravnim dnom ali erlenmajerico (4.2.1).
Add successively with swirling 130 ml ethanol (3.1), approximately 100 mg BHT (3.13), 2 ml sodium ascorbate solution (3.5) and 2 ml sodium sulphide solution (3.6).
Med obračanjem se postopoma dodajo 130 ml etanola (3.1), približno 100 mg BHT (3.13), 2 ml raztopine natrijevega askorbata (3.5) in 2 ml raztopine natrijevega sulfida (3.6).
Fit a condenser (4.3) to the flask and immerse the flask in a water-bath with magnetic stirrer (4.7).
Na bučko se namesti kondenzator (4.3), bučka pa se potopi v vodno kopel z magnetnim mešalnikom (4.7).
Heat to boiling and allow to reflux for 5 minutes.
Segreje se do vretja in 5 minut pusti pod kondenzatorjem povratnega toka.
Then add 25 ml potassium hydroxide solution (3.4) through the condenser (4.3) and allow to reflux for a further 25 min., with stirring under a slow stream of nitrogen.
Nato se skozi kondenzator doda 25 ml raztopine kalijevega hidroksida (3.4) in pusti pod kondenzatorjem (4.3) povratnega toka nadaljnjih 25 minut, z mešanjem pod rahlim pretokom dušika.
Then rinse the condenser with approximately 20 ml water and cool the content of the flask to room temperature.
Nato se kondenzator spere s približno 20 ml vode, vsebina bučke pa ohladi na sobno temperaturo.
Transfer by decantation the saponification solution quantitatively by rinsing with a total volume of 250 ml water to a 1000 ml separating funnel (4.2.3) or to the extraction apparatus (4.8).
Z dekantiranjem se raztopina za umiljenje kvantitativno prenese v 1000-mililitrski lij ločnik (4.2.3) ali napravo za ekstrakcijo (4.8), tako da se spere s skupno 250 ml vode.
Rinse the saponification flask successively with 25 ml ethanol (3.1) and 100 ml light petroleum (3.2) and transfer the rinsings to the separating funnel or to the extraction apparatus.
Nato se bučka za umiljenje spere s 25 ml etanola (3.1) in 100 ml petroletra (3.2), raztopine za spiranje pa se prenesejo v lij ločnik ali napravo za ekstrakcijo.
The proportion of water and ethanol in the combined solutions must be about 2:1.
Razmerje vode in etanola v združenih raztopinah mora biti približno 2:1.
Shake vigorously for 2 min. and allow to settle for 2 minutes.
2 minuti se močno stresa in nato 2 minuti pusti, da se umiri.
Extraction using a separating funnel (4.2.3)
Ekstrakcija z lijem ločnikom (4.2.3)
When the layers have separated (see observation 7.3) transfer the light petroleum layer to another separating funnel (4.2.3).
Ko so plasti ločene (glej opombo 7.3), se plast petroletra prenese v drug lij ločnik (4.2.3).
Repeat this extraction twice, with 100 ml light petroleum (3.2) and twice, with 50 ml light petroleum (3.2).
Ekstrakcija se ponovi dvakrat s 100 ml petroletra (3.2) in dvakrat s 50 ml petroletra (3.2).
Wash the combined extracts in the separating funnel twice by gently swirling (to avoid formation of emulsions) with 100 ml portions of water and then by repeated shaking with further 100 ml portions of water until the water remains colourless on addition of phenolphthalein solution (3.7) (washing four times is usually sufficient).
Združene ekstrakte v liju ločniku se med rahlim pretresanjem (da se prepreči nastanek emulzij) dvakrat spere s po 100 ml vode in nato s ponavljajočim se stresanjem ponovno s po 100 ml vode, dokler voda pri dodajanju raztopine fenolftaleina (3.7) ne ostane brezbarvna (navadno zadošča štirikratno spiranje).
Filter the washed extract through a dry pleated filter for phase separation (4.4) to remove any suspended water into a 500 ml graduated flask (4.2.2).
Sprani ekstrakt se filtrira skozi suh naguban filter za ločevanje faz (4.4) v 500-mililitrsko merilno bučko (4.2.2), da se odstrani suspendirana voda.