natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Noise in dog kennels can reach high levels which are known to cause damage to humans, and which could affect dogs' health or physiology.
Hrup v pesjakih je lahko zelo močan in lahko škodljivo vpliva na ljudi ter vpliva na zdravje ali fiziologijo psov.
For these reasons it is important to consider methods of reducing noise in dog facilities.
Zato je treba preučiti metode o tem, kako zmanjšati hrup v objektih za pse.
By addressing the dogs' behavioural needs in the facility design, the level of vocalisation may be decreased.
Z upoštevanjem vedenjskih potreb psov pri oblikovanju objekta je mogoče znižati stopnjo vokalizacije.
Much of the noise is generated by the dogs' own vocalisations, but may also be generated by husbandry operations within the facility and ingress from outside sources.
Večino hrupa ustvarjajo vokalizacije psov samih, nastane pa lahko tudi pri postopkih vzreje znotraj objekta ali prihaja od zunaj.
Any source of noise that may stimulate further dog barking should therefore be limited as far as possible.
Vsak vir hrupa, ki lahko spodbuja nadaljnji pasji lajež, je treba zato čim bolj omejiti.
Penetration of external noise can be reduced by appropriate siting of the facility and by appropriate architectural design.
Prehajanje zunanjih zvokov je mogoče zmanjšati z ustrezno postavitvijo objekta in primerno arhitekturno zasnovo.
Noise generated within the facility can be reduced by noise absorbent materials or structures.
Hrup, ki nastane znotraj objekta, se lahko zmanjša z materiali ali strukturami za absorpcijo hrupa.
Expert advice on noise reduction should be taken when designing or modifying dog accommodation.
Pri zasnovi ali spreminjanju bivališča za pse je treba upoštevati strokovne nasvete za zmanjšanje hrupa.
Dogs should be housed in socially harmonious groups within the animal enclosure, unless the scientific procedures or welfare requirements make this impossible.
Pse je treba v ograjenih prostorih za živali namestiti v skupinah, v katerih se med seboj dobro razumejo, razen če znanstveni postopki ali zahteve za dobro počutje to preprečujejo.
Special care is needed when regrouping dogs or introducing an unfamiliar dog to a group.
Posebej je treba paziti pri oblikovanju skupin psov ali vključevanju novega psa v skupino.
In all cases, groups should be monitored for social compatibility on an ongoing basis.
V vseh primerih je treba ves čas nadzorovati družbeno skladnost v skupini.
Outside runs provide an environmental enrichment opportunity for dogs in both breeding and user establishments and should be provided where possible.
Zunanje ograde zagotavljajo okoljsko obogatitev za pse v rejnih enotah in enotah za uporabnike ter jih je treba zagotoviti, kjer je to mogoče.
Single-housing of dogs for even short periods can be a significant stress factor.
Posamezna namestitev psov, celo za kratek čas, je lahko precejšen stresni dejavnik.
Therefore, dogs should not be single-housed for more than four hours without justification on welfare or veterinary grounds.
Zato psi ne smejo biti nameščeni v ločena bivališča dlje kot štiri ure, če to ni upravičeno zaradi dobrega počutja ali zaradi veterinarskega stališča.
Single-housing for more than four hours on experimental grounds should be determined in consultation with the animal technician and with the competent person charged with advisory duties in relation to the well-being of the animals.
Posamezna namestitev zaradi poskusov, ki traja dlje kot štiri ure, se mora izvesti po posvetovanju z zootehniki in pristojno osebo, odgovorno za svetovanje v zvezi z dobrim počutjem živali.
In such circumstances, additional resources should be targeted to the welfare and care of these dogs.
V takih okoliščinah morajo biti dodatna sredstva namenjena dobremu počutju in oskrbi teh psov.
Additional human socialisation time, and visual, auditory and, where possible, tactile contact with other dogs, should be provided for all single-housed animals on a daily basis.
Živalim, ki so nameščene posamezno, je treba vsak dan zagotoviti dodaten čas za druženje z ljudmi ter to, da vidijo druge pse, jih slišijo, in kjer je mogoče, da se jih dotikajo.
Unless contra-indicated on scientific grounds, single-housed dogs should be allowed to exercise in a separate area with, if possible, other dogs, and with staff supervision and interaction, on a daily basis.
Zato je treba, razen če se zaradi znanstvenih ali veterinarskih razlogov ne zahteva drugače, psom, ki so nameščeni posamezno, dnevno omogočiti gibanje v ločenem prostoru, in če je mogoče, z drugimi psi, pod nadzorom in s sodelovanjem osebja.
Stud dogs should, wherever possible, be housed in socially harmonious pairs or groups or with bitches.
Plemenski psi morajo biti, kadar je to mogoče, nameščeni v skladnih parih ali skupinah ali s psicami.
Peri-parturient bitches should only be moved to the whelping enclosure between one and two weeks of expected parturition.
Psice pred kotitvijo je treba prestaviti v ograjen prostor za kotitev en ali dva tedna pred pričakovano kotitvijo.
While in the whelping enclosure they should have additional daily human contact.
Ko so v ograjenem prostoru za kotitev, jim je treba vsak dan zagotoviti dodaten stik s človekom.
Social behaviour in dogs develops between four and twenty weeks of age.
Družbeno vedenje psa se razvija od četrtega do dvajsetega tedna starosti.
During this period it is particularly important that the dog has social contacts with littermates, adult dogs (e.g. the bitch) and with humans, and is familiarised with conditions likely to be encountered during subsequent use.
V tem obdobju je predvsem pomembno, da ima pes družbene stike z odraslimi psi iz istega legla (npr. s psico) in z ljudmi ter je seznanjen z razmerami, s katerimi se bo srečal v nadaljnjem življenju.
Daily handling during this sensitive stage of development is a prerequisite for the social behaviour of the adult dog and it has been shown that a short period of handling, even from the first day after birth onwards, is of importance as the young animals are already able to respond to scent and tactile stimulation.
Dnevna oskrba v tej občutljivi dobi razvoja je pogoj za družbeno vedenje odraslega psa in izkazalo se je, da je pomembno tudi kratko obdobje oskrbe od prvega dne po rojstvu naprej, ker se mladiči že lahko odzivajo na dražljaje vonja in dotika.
The design of indoor and outdoor enclosures should allow some privacy for the dogs and enable them to exercise some control over their social interactions.
Zasnova notranjih in zunanjih ograjenih prostorov mora psom dopuščati nekaj zasebnosti in jim omogočati določeno stopnjo nadzora nad druženjem z drugimi psi.
Separate areas for different activities should be provided.
Zagotoviti je treba ločena območja za različne dejavnosti.
This can be achieved by, for example, inclusion of raised platforms and pen sub-divisions.
To je na primer mogoče doseči z vgradnjo dvignjenih ploščadi in s pregradami staje.
Dog treats and toys afford welfare benefits to the animals, providing these are used sensibly and adequately monitored.
Priboljški in igrače za pse izboljšajo počutje živali, če se uporabljajo razumno in pod ustreznim nadzorom.
As chewing is an important behaviour, items should be provided which meet this need.
Ker je žvečenje pomemben del vedenja, je treba živali zagotoviti predmete, s katerimi zadovolji to potrebo.
The primary advantages of exercise are to allow additional opportunities for dogs to experience a complex and varied environment and to increase interaction with other dogs and humans.
Osnovne prednosti gibanja so, da psom omogoča dodatne priložnosti za spoznavanje zapletenega in raznolikega okolja ter da se povečajo stiki z drugimi psi in ljudmi.
These will be particularly important where these needs cannot be fully met within the space provided by the animal enclosure.
To bo zlasti pomembno, kadar teh potreb ni mogoče v celoti zadovoljiti v prostoru, ki je na voljo v ograjenem prostoru za živali.
Therefore, unless contra-indicated on scientific or veterinary grounds, dogs should be removed to a separate area and allowed to exercise, with other dogs where possible, and with staff supervision and interaction, ideally on a daily basis.
Zato je treba, razen če se zaradi znanstvenih ali veterinarskih razlogov ne zahteva drugače, pse preseliti na ločeno območje in jim omogočiti gibanje, kadar je mogoče skupaj z drugimi psi, in pod nadzorom ter s sodelovanjem osebja, v najboljšem primeru vsak dan.
Animal enclosures, including the divisions between enclosures, should provide a robust and easy to clean environment for the dogs.
Ograjeni prostori za živali, vključno s pregradami med prostori, morajo zagotoviti stabilno okolje za pse, ki ga je mogoče brez težav očistiti.
In their design and construction they should seek to provide an open and light facility giving the dogs comprehensive sight of other dogs and staff, outside of their immediate animal enclosure.
Pri zasnovi in konstrukciji si je treba prizadevati za odprt in lahek objekt, ki psom omogoča pogled na druge pse in osebje zunaj njihovega ograjenega prostora.
These guidelines are intended to encourage the social housing of dogs and to permit adequate environment enrichment.
Te smernice so namenjene spodbujanju nameščanja psov skupaj z drugimi psi in omogočanju ustrezne obogatitve okolja.
It should be noted that within this concept and strategy every encouragement is given to holding dogs in large and socially-harmonious groups both to increase the available floor space and to enhance socialisation opportunities.
Omeniti je treba, da se po tem konceptu in strategiji spodbuja zadrževanje psov, ki se med seboj dobro razumejo, v večjih skupinah, da se poveča razpoložljiv prostor in izboljšajo možnosti za druženje.
Dogs should never be forced to spend their entire lives outside and should at all times have access to an internal enclosure that meets the standards for construction and environmental control detailed in these guidelines.
Psov se nikoli ne sme prisiliti, da preživijo vse življenje na odprtem, in morajo nenehno imeti dostop do notranjih ograjenih prostorov, ki ustrezajo gradbenim standardom in standardom za nadzor nad okoljem, ki so podrobno opisani v teh smernicah.
The internal enclosure should represent not less than 50 % of the minimum space to be made available to the dogs, as detailed in Table D.1 below.
Notranji ograjeni prostori ne smejo zajemati manj kot 50 % najmanjšega prostora, ki mora biti na voljo psom, kot je določeno v tabeli D.1.
The space allowances detailed below are based on the requirements of beagles, but it should be noted that allowances significantly in excess may be required for giant breeds such as St Bernards or Irish wolfhounds.
Zahteve za prostor, ki so podrobno opisane spodaj, temeljijo na zahtevah za pasmo beagle, vendar je treba omeniti, da večje pasme, kot so bernardinci ali irski volčji hrti, potrebujejo več prostora.
For breeds other than the laboratory beagle, space allowances should be decided in consultation with veterinary staff and the responsible authority.
Za druge pasme, razen za laboratorijske beagle, je treba prostorske zmogljivosti določiti po posvetovanju z veterinarji in odgovornim organom.
Table D.1.
Tabela D.1
Dogs: Minimum enclosure dimensions and space allowances
Psi: Najmanjše mere ograjenih prostorov in prostorske zmogljivosti
Minimum floor area for one or two animals
Najmanjša površina tal za eno ali dve živali
For each additional animal add a minimum of (m2)
Za vsako dodatno žival je treba dodati najmanj (m2)
over 20
več kot 20
Dogs that are pair or group housed may each be constrained to half the total space provided (2 m2 for a dog under 20 kg, 4 m2 for a dog over 20 kg) while they are undergoing procedures as defined in Directive 86/609/EEC, if this separation is essential for scientific purposes.
Vsakega psa, ki je nameščen v parih ali skupinah, se lahko omeji na polovico celotnega zagotovljenega prostora (2 m2 za pse pod 20 kg, 4 m2 za pse nad 20 kg), kadar se na njih izvajajo postopki, kot to določa Direktiva 86/609/EGS, če je takšna ločitev bistvena za znanstvene namene.
Any further social or physical constraint, such as in a metabolism cage or physical restraint in a sling, may severely compromise the welfare of the animals.
Vse druge družabne ali fizične omejitve, kot sta metabolna kletka ali fizično pridržanje z zanko, lahko resno ogrozijo dobro počutje živali.
Constraint in a metabolism cage or any similar type of housing for scientific purposes should be within a space that is as close as possible to that defined above and no less than that required for the animal to stretch fully, lie down and turn around.
Metabolna kletka ali podoben prostor za znanstvene namene mora biti po velikosti čim bolj podobna zgoraj opredeljenemu prostoru in ne manjša od prostora, ki ga žival potrebuje, da se v celoti raztegne, uleže in obrne.
Nursing bitches and litters, and puppies up to 7,5 kg
Doječe psice in zarod ter mladiči do 7,5 kg
A nursing bitch and litter should have the same space allowance as a single bitch of equivalent weight.
Doječa psica in zarod morata imeti na voljo enak prostor kot samska psica enake teže.
The whelping pen should be designed so that the bitch can move to an additional compartment or raised area away from the puppies.
Staja za kotitev mladičev mora biti zasnovana tako, da se lahko psica pred mladiči umakne v dodaten prostor ali na dvignjeno območje.
The normal weaning age for puppies is six to nine weeks.
Običajna starost za odstavitev mladičev je šest do devet tednov.
Table D.2.
Tabela D.2
Dogs: Minimum enclosure dimensions and space allowances for post-weaned stock
Psi: Najmanjše mere ograjenih prostorov in prostorske zmogljivosti za živali po odstavitvi
Weight of dog
Teža psa
Minimum floor area/animal
Najmanjša površina tal/žival
over 5 to 10
več kot 5 in do 10
over 10 to 15
več kot 10 in do 15
over 15 to 20
več kot 15 in do 20
The preferred flooring for dog accommodation is a solid continuous floor with a smooth non-slip finish.
Najboljša tla za bivališče za pse so trdna neprekinjena tla z gladko nedrsečo prevleko.
All dogs should be provided with a comfortable, solid resting area, for example, by the use of enclosure furniture such as raised beds or platforms.
Vsem psom je treba zagotoviti udobno, trdno počivališče na primer z opremo, kot so dvignjena ležišča ali ploščadi.
Open flooring systems such as grids or mesh should not be used for dogs.
Odprta tla, kot so tla z rešetkami ali mrežo, se za pse ne smejo uporabljati.
If any welfare problems do arise which are related to the flooring, veterinary advice should be sought and, if necessary, the dogs relocated onto solid flooring.
Če se pojavi slabo počutje zaradi tal, je treba poiskati nasvet veterinarja, in če je potrebno, pse preseliti v prostor s trdnimi tlemi.
Pre-weaned puppies and peri-parturient and suckling bitches should not be kept in an open floor system.
Mladičev pred odstavitvijo in psic pred skotitvijo in med dojenjem se ne sme namestiti v prostore z odprtimi tlemi.
The quality and finish of the floor of an outside run need not be to the standard of the inside enclosure, providing it is easily cleanable and not injurious to the dogs.
Ni treba, da kakovost in prevleka tal v zunanjih ogradah ustrezata standardom, ki veljajo za notranje prostore, če je tla mogoče brez težav očistiti in niso nevarna za poškodbe psov.
When dogs are held on solid floors, some litter or substrate material facilitates cleaning and minimises the necessity for regular washing or hosing down.
Kadar so psi v prostorih s trdnimi tlemi, nekaj stelje ali podlage olajša čiščenje in zmanjša potrebo po rednem pranju ali izpiranju.
Peri-parturient and suckling bitches should be provided with a bed and bedding material to support whelping and the nursing of puppies.
Psicam pred kotitvijo in psicam med dojenjem je treba zagotoviti ležišče in podlago za ležišče, ki olajša kotitev in dojenje mladičev.
Puppies also benefit from the provision of bedding materials, as may certain breeds such as the greyhound.
Podlaga za ležišče je prav tako koristna za mladiče, koristi pa tudi nekaterim pasmam, kot je hrt.
Each occupied enclosure should be cleaned at least daily.
Vsak zaseden ograjen prostor je treba čistiti vsaj enkrat na dan.
All excreta and soiled materials should be removed from all areas used by dogs at least daily, and more frequently if necessary.
Vse iztrebke in trdne snovi je treba odstraniti iz vseh prostorov, ki jih uporabljajo psi, vsaj enkrat na dan, če je potrebno, tudi pogosteje.
Wet cleaning by hosing down of enclosures should be carried out as necessary but should not result in the dogs becoming wet.
Mokro čiščenje z izpiranjem ograjenih prostorov se opravi po potrebi, vendar se pri tem ne sme zmočiti psov.
When enclosures are hosed down, the dogs should be removed from the enclosure to a dry place and returned only when it is reasonably dry.
Med izpiranjem ograjenih prostorov je treba pse preseliti iz prostora na suho mesto in jih vrniti, ko je prostor primerno suh.
(See paragraph 4.1. above and paragraph 4.10. of the General section)
(Glej odstavek 4.1 zgoraj in odstavek 4.10 oddelka Splošno.)
SPECIES-SPECIFIC GUIDELINES FOR FERRETS
SMERNICE ZA BELE DIHURJE
Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) are carnivores which under natural conditions feed on small mammals, birds, fish and invertebrates.
Beli dihurji (Mustela putorius furo) so mesojedci, ki se v naravnih razmerah prehranjujejo z malimi sesalci, ptiči, ribami in nevretenčarji.
They have complex hunting behaviour and tend to hoard food, but will not eat decayed matter.
Imajo zapleteno vedenje pri lovu in so nagnjeni k skladiščenju hrane, vendar ne bodo jedli razpadajoče hrane.
Although in the wild the ferret is generally a solitary animal, there seem to be welfare benefits if they are housed in socially harmonious groups in captivity.
Čeprav je beli dihur v divjini običajno samotar, se v ujetništvu dobro počuti, če je nameščen skupaj z drugimi belimi dihurji v skupinah, v katerih se med seboj dobro razumejo.
Ferrets normally live in burrows, and thus in captivity appreciate the provision of materials, such as tubes in which they can crawl and play games.
Beli dihurji običajno živijo v vkopih, zato imajo v ujetništvu radi materiale, kot so cevi, v katerih se lahko plazijo in igrajo.
Ferrets usually breed once a year, mating in the spring.
Samice belega dihurja kotijo enkrat na leto, navadno se parijo spomladi.
Male animals are hostile to, and will fight vigorously with, unfamiliar males during the breeding season.
Med parjenjem so samci sovražni do neznanih samcev in se do njih obnašajo napadalno.
As a consequence, at this time single housing of males may prove necessary.
Zato je v tem obdobju morda potrebno samce nameščati posamezno.
The ferret is an intelligent, inquisitive, playful and agile animal, and this should be taken into account in the design of the accommodation and when handling.
Beli dihur je inteligentna, radovedna, igriva in spretna žival, kar je treba upoštevati pri zasnovi bivališča in ravnanju z njim.
A complex, escape-proof enclosure is required which provides opportunities to the ferret to exhibit a wide behavioural repertoire.
Potreben je kompleksen ograjen prostor, ki preprečuje beg in belemu dihurju omogoča različne vedenjske vzorce.
Ferrets should be maintained in the temperature range of 15 oC to 24 oC.
Temperatura v prostorih belega dihurja mora biti med 15 oC in 24 oC.
As ferrets do not have well-developed sweat glands, to avoid heat exhaustion they should not be exposed to high temperatures.
Ker imajo beli dihurji slabo razvite žleze znojnice, ne smejo biti izpostavljeni visoki temperaturi, da se prepreči izčrpanost zaradi vročine.
It is considered unnecessary to control or record relative humidity as ferrets can be exposed to wide fluctuations of ambient relative humidity without adverse effects.
Nadzor nad relativno vlažnostjo ali njeno zapisovanje ni potrebno, ker so beli dihurji lahko izpostavljeni visokim nihanjem vlažnosti v okolju, ne da bi jim to škodovalo.
The light source and type should not be aversive to the animals and particular care should be taken with ferrets, especially if albino, housed in the top tier of tiered racking systems.
Vir in vrsta svetlobe morata ustrezati živali, zlasti je treba biti pazljiv v primeru belih dihurjev, zlasti albinov, ki so nameščeni v zgornjem nadstropju večnadstropnih sistemov.
Holding of ferrets under the natural twenty-four-hour light-dark cycle is acceptable.
Beli dihurji lahko bivajo v okolju z naravnim štiriindvajseturnim ciklom svetlobe in teme.
Where the light part of the photoperiod is provided by artificial lighting, this should be for a minimum of eight hours daily and should generally not exceed sixteen hours daily.
V primeru uporabe umetne razsvetljave je to mogoče uporabljati vsaj osem ur na dan in navadno ne več kot šestnajst ur.
However, it should be noted that for manipulation of the reproductive cycle variation in the light-dark cycles is necessary (e.g. the light part of the photoperiod can vary from six to sixteen hours).
Vendar je treba omeniti, da je za upravljanje reproduktivnega cikla treba spreminjati cikle svetlobe in teme (npr. obdobje osvetljenosti lahko niha od šest do šestnajst ur).
If natural light is totally excluded, low level night lighting should be provided to allow animals to retain some vision and to take account of their startle reflex.
Če je naravna svetloba povsem izključena, je treba ponoči zagotoviti blago svetlobo, da lahko živali vidijo in ohranijo obrambne reflekse.
Lack of sound or auditory stimulation can be detrimental and make ferrets nervous.
Pomanjkanje zvokov ali slušnih stimulacij je lahko škodljivo in povzroči živčnost pri belih dihurjih.
However, loud unfamiliar noise and vibration have been reported to cause stress-related disorders in ferrets and should be avoided.
Vendar je znano, da glasni in neznani zvoki ter vibracije povzročajo stres pri belem dihurju in se jim je treba izogniti.
It is important to consider methods of reducing sudden or unfamiliar noise in ferret facilities, including that generated by husbandry operations within the facility and also by ingress from outside sources.
Pomembno je razmisliti o metodah za zmanjševanje nenadnih ali neznanih zvokov v objektih, v katerih so nastanjeni beli dihurji, vključno z zvoki, ki nastanejo pri postopkih vzreje znotraj objekta, in zvoki, ki prihajajo od zunaj.
Ingress of noise can be controlled by appropriate siting of the facility and by appropriate architectural design.
Slišnost zvokov je mogoče nadzorovati z ustrezno postavitvijo objekta in primerno arhitekturno zasnovo.
Noise generated within the facility can be controlled by noise absorbent materials or structures.
Hrup, ki nastane znotraj objekta, se lahko nadzoruje z materiali ali strukturami za absorpcijo hrupa.
Expert advice should be taken when designing or modifying accommodation.
Pri zasnovi ali spreminjanju bivališča je treba upoštevati strokovne nasvete.
Animals should be kept in socially harmonious groups unless there are scientific or welfare justifications for single housing.
Živali je treba zadrževati v skupinah, v katerih se med seboj dobro razumejo, razen če je posamezno nameščanje utemeljeno iz znanstvenih razlogov ali zaradi dobrega počutja.
During the breeding season, adult males may need to be maintained singly to avoid fighting and injury.
V obdobju parjenja morajo biti odrasli samci ločeni, da se preprečijo pretepi in poškodbe.
However, males can be maintained successfully in groups at other times.
V ostalih obdobjih pa so samci lahko nastanjeni v skupinah.
Pregnant females should be housed singly only during late pregnancy, no more than two weeks prior to parturition.
Breje samice morajo biti nastanjene ločeno le v pozni brejosti, ne več kot dva tedna pred kotitvijo.
Separation of animals that are normally group-housed can be a significant stress factor.
Ločevanje živali, ki so običajno nastanjene v skupinah, je lahko precejšen stresni dejavnik.
Where this is for a period of more than twenty-four hours, it should be regarded as severely compromising the welfare of the animals.
Kadar to obdobje traja več kot štiriindvajset ur, se to obravnava kot nekaj, kar resno ogrozi dobro počutje živali.