natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Computer-aided training must be accepted for individual learning of the operational rules, signalling situations, etc.
Računalniško podprto usposabljanje je sprejemljivo za individualno učenje operativnih pravil, signalizacije itd.
The use of simulators, although not obligatory, may be useful for the effective training of drivers; they are particularly useful for training in abnormal working conditions or for rules infrequently applied.
Uporaba simulatorjev sicer ni predpisana, je pa lahko koristna pri usposabljanju strojevodij; simulatorji so posebej koristni pri usposabljanju za neobičajne delovne razmere ali za redko uporabljena pravila.
They have a particular advantage in their ability to provide learning-by-doing capability for events that cannot be trained in the real world.
Imajo posebno prednost, ker strojevodjem omogočajo, da se z vajo naučijo reagirati na situacije, za katere v realnosti ni možno usposabljanje.
In principle, simulators of the latest generation must be used.
Načeloma se morajo uporabljati simulatorji zadnje generacije.
Concerning the acquisition of route knowledge, the approach to be favoured must be where the train driver accompanies another driver for an appropriate number of journeys along the route, in daylight as well as at night.
Pridobivanje znanja o progah naj bi potekalo na način, da strojevodja, ki spoznava progo, to opravi v spremstvu strojevodje, ki določeno progo pozna, na ustreznem številu voženj na tej progi in sicer podnevi in ponoči.
Videos of the routes as seen from the driver’s cab may be used, among other methods, as an alternative training method.
Kot alternativno metodo je med drugim možno uporabiti video posnetke, ki prikazujejo progo z vidika strojevodje v vozniški kabini.
GENERAL PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND REQUIREMENTS REGARDING THE LICENCE
SPLOŠNO STROKOVNO ZNANJE IN ZAHTEVE V ZVEZI Z DOVOLJENJEM
The general training has the following objectives:
Cilji splošnega usposabljanja so:
acquiring the knowledge and procedures regarding of railway technologies, including safety principles and the philosophy behind operational regulations,
pridobitev teoretičnega in praktičnega znanja o železniških tehnologijah, vključno z varnostnimi načeli in filozofijo operativnih predpisov,
acquiring knowledge and procedures regarding the risks related to railway operation and the various means to be used to combat them,
pridobitev teoretičnega in praktičnega znanja o nevarnostih, povezanih z delovanjem železnice, in različnih načinih za njihovo obvladovanje,
acquiring knowledge and procedures regarding the principles guiding one or more railway operating modes,
pridobitev teoretičnega in praktičnega znanja o modelih vodenja za enega ali več načinov delovanja železnice,
acquiring knowledge and procedures regarding trains, their composition and technical requirements on traction units, wagons, coaches and other rolling stock.
pridobitev teoretičnega in praktičnega znanja o vlakih, njihovi sestavi in tehničnih lastnostih, za vlečna vozila, tovorne vagone, potniške vagone in druga vozna sredstva.
In particular, drivers must be able to:
Strojevodje morajo še posebej:
understand the specific requirements for working in the profession of driver, its importance, and the professional and personal demands (long periods of work, being away from home, etc.),
razumeti posebne zahteve za opravljanje poklica strojevodje, pomen tega poklica ter poklicne in osebne zahteve (dolg delovni čas, odsotnost od doma itd.),
apply staff safety rules,
uporabljati varnostne predpise za osebje,
identify rolling stock,
razlikovati vozna sredstva,
know and apply a working method in a precise manner,
poznati delovne metode in jih natančno uporabiti v praksi,
identify the reference and applications documents (manual of procedures and manual of lines as defined in the ‘Operations’ TSI, driver’s manual, breakdown manual, etc.),
poznati referenčne dokumente in navodila (priročnik za postopke in priročnik za proge, kakor je opredeljeno v TSI „Delovanje“, priročnik za strojevodjo, priročnik za okvare itd.),
learn behaviours which are compatible with safety-critical responsibilities,
usposobiti se za odgovorno ravnanje v varnostno kritičnih situacijah,
identify the procedures applicable to accidents involving persons,
poznati ukrepe za primer nesreč, kjer bi bili udeleženi ljudje,
distinguish the hazards involved in railway operations in general,
poznati nevarnosti, na splošno povezane z železniškim prometom,
know the principles governing traffic safety,
poznati načela prometne varnosti,
apply the basic principles of electrotechnology.
uporabiti osnovna načela elektrotehnike.
PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF ROLLING STOCK AND REQUIREMENTS REGARDING THE CERTIFICATE
STROKOVNO ZNANJE O VOZNIH SREDSTVIH IN ZAHTEVE ZA SPRIČEVALO
After completing specific training in relation to rolling stock, drivers must be able to carry out the following tasks:
Po opravljenem posebnem usposabljanju o voznih sredstvih, morajo biti strojevodje sposobni opravljati naslednje naloge.
TESTS AND CHECKS PRIOR TO DEPARTURE
TESTI IN KONTROLE PRED ODHODOM
Drivers must be able to:
Strojevodje morajo biti sposobni:
collect the documentation and the necessary equipment,
zbrati dokumentacijo in potrebno opremo,
check the capacities of the traction unit,
preveriti zmogljivost vlečnega vozila,
check the information entered in the documents on board the traction unit,
preveriti podatke, vnesene v dokumentacijo, ki se nahaja na vlečnem vozilu,
ensure, by performing the checks and tests specified, that the traction unit is capable of providing the required traction power, and that the safety equipment is operating,
na podlagi navedenih preverjanj in testov zagotoviti, da je vlečno vozilo zmožno vleči vlak in da varnostna oprema deluje,
checking the availability and functionality of the prescribed protection and safety equipments at the handover of a locomotive or at the start of a trip,
pri predaji lokomotive ali na začetku vožnje preveriti razpoložljivost in delovanje predpisane zaščitne in varnostne opreme,
perform any routine preventive maintenance operations.
izvesti morebitna rutinska preventivna vzdrževalna dela.
KNOWLEDGE OF ROLLING STOCK
ZNANJE O VOZNIH SREDSTVIH
To operate a locomotive, drivers must be familiar with all the controls and indicators placed at their disposal, in particular those concerning:
Za upravljanje lokomotive morajo strojevodje poznati vse kontrolne sisteme in indikatorje, ki jih imajo na voljo, še posebej:
traction,
vlečni sistem,
braking,
zavorni sistem,
traffic safety-related elements.
varnostne naprave in naprave za zaščito obratovanja.
In order to detect and locate anomalies in the rolling stock, report them and determine what is required to repair them, and in certain cases, to take action, drivers must be familiar with:
Da bi lahko zaznali in locirali nepravilnosti v voznih sredstvih, jih javili in ugotovili, kaj je potrebno za njihovo odpravo, in v določenih primerih sami sprejeli ukrepe, morajo strojevodje poznati:
mechanical structures,
mehanske strukture,
suspension and attachment equipment,
vlečno odbojno napravo,
running gear,
pogon,
safety equipment,
varnostno opremo,
fuel tanks, fuel supply system, exhaust equipment,
rezervoarje za gorivo, sistem oskrbe z gorivom, izpušni sistem,
the meaning of markings on the inside and outside of the rolling stock, in particular the symbols used for the transportation of dangerous goods,
pomen oznak na notranjem in zunanjem delu voznega sredstva, predvsem simbolov za transport nevarnega blaga,
trip registration systems,
sistem za zapis poteka vožnje,
electrical and pneumatic systems,
električne in pnevmatske sisteme,
collection of current and high-voltage systems,
tokovni odjemnik in visokonapetostne tokokroge,
the constituent parts of the rolling stock, their purpose, and the devices specific to the hauled stocks, in particular the system of stopping the train by venting the brake pipe,
vozni red, sestavne dele voznih sredstev, njihov namen in posebne sisteme vlečnih vozil, zlasti sistem za ustavljanje vlaka z izpraznitvijo glavnega zavornega voda,
braking system,
zavorni sistem,
the parts specific to traction units,
dele, specifične za vlečna vozila,
traction chain, motors and transmission.
prenos moči, motorje in menjalnike.
TESTING THE BRAKES
TESTIRANJE ZAVOR
check and calculate, before departure, that the train’s braking power corresponds to the braking power required for the line, as specified in the vehicle documents,
pred odhodom preveriti in izračunati zavorno silo vlaka, ki mora ustrezati zavorni moči, določeni v dokumentaciji vlaka,
check the functioning of the various components of the braking system of the traction unit and of the train, as appropriate, before departure, at start-up and during running.
preveriti delovanje različnih komponent zavornega sistema vlečnega vozila in vlaka, po potrebi pred odhodom, ob zagonu in med vožnjo.
OPERATING MODE AND MAXIMUM SPEED OF THE TRAIN IN RELATION TO THE LINE CHARACTERISTICS
NAČIN DELOVANJA IN NAJVEČJA HITROST VLAKA GLEDE NA LASTNOSTI PROGE
take note of information given to them before departure,
seznaniti se s podatki, ki so mu bili posredovani pred odhodom,
determine the type of running and the limit speed of the train on the basis of variables such as speed limits, weather conditions or any signalling changes.
določiti način vožnje in največjo hitrost vlaka na osnovi spremenljivk, kot so na primer omejitev hitrosti, vremenske razmere ali morebitne spremembe v signalizaciji.
DRIVING THE TRAIN IN A WAY WHICH DOES NOT DAMAGE INSTALLATIONS OR VEHICLES
UPRAVLJANJE VLAKA NA NAČIN, KI NE POŠKODUJE NAPRAV ALI VOZIL
use all available control systems in accordance with the applicable rules,
uporabljati vse razpoložljive kontrolne sisteme v skladu z veljavnimi pravili,
start the train taking account of adhesion and power constraints,
speljati vlak ob upoštevanju omejitev glede adhezijskih pogojev in moči,
apply the brakes for decelerations and stops, taking account of the rolling stock and installations.
uporabljati zavore za upočasnitev in ustavljanje ob upoštevanju voznih sredstev in naprav.
ANOMALIES
MOTNJE
Drivers must:
Strojevodje morajo:
be able to be attentive to unusual occurrences concerning the behaviour of the train,
biti sposobni zaznati neobičajne dogodke v zvezi z obnašanjem vlaka,
be able to inspect the train and identify signs of anomalies, distinguish between them, react according to their relative importance and try to remedy them, always giving priority to the safety of rail traffic and persons,
biti sposobni pregledati vlak in ugotoviti znake motenj, razlikovati med njimi in ustrezno reagirati glede na njihovo relativno pomembnost ter jih poskušati odpraviti, pri čemer ima vedno prednost varnost železniškega prometa in ljudi,
know the available means of protection and communication.
poznati razpoložljiva varnostna in komunikacijska sredstva.
OPERATING INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS, FIRES AND ACCIDENTS INVOLVING PERSONS
NEZGODE IN NESREČE PRI DELOVANJU, POŽARI IN NESREČE, V KATERIH SO UDELEŽENI LJUDJE
be able to take steps to protect the train and summon assistance in the event of an accident involving persons on board the train,
biti sposobni sprejeti ukrepe za varovanje vlaka in poklicati pomoč v primeru nesreče, v kateri so udeleženi potniki na vlaku,
be able to determine whether the train is transporting dangerous goods and identify them on the basis of train documents and wagon lists,
biti sposoben ugotoviti, ali vlak prevaža nevarno blago in ga določiti na podlagi dokumentacije vlaka in oznak nevarnih snovi na vagonih,
know the procedures relating to the evacuation of a train in case of emergency.
poznati postopke o evakuaciji vlaka v sili.
CONDITIONS FOR CONTINUING RUNNING AFTER AN INCIDENT INVOLVING ROLLING STOCK
POGOJI ZA NADALJNJO VOŽNJO PO NEZGODI, V KATERI SO BILA UDELEŽENA VOZNA SREDSTVA
After an incident, drivers must be able to assess whether the vehicle can continue to run and under what conditions, so as to inform the infrastructure manager of those conditions as soon as possible.
Po nezgodi morajo biti strojevodje sposobni oceniti, ali in pod katerimi pogoji lahko vozilo nadaljuje vožnjo, tako da upravljavca železniške infrastrukture o teh pogojih čimprej obvestijo.
Drivers must be able to determine if an expert evaluation is necessary before the train can continue.
Strojevodje morajo biti sposobni oceniti, ali je pred nadaljevanjem vožnje potrebna strokovna ocena.
IMMOBILISATION OF THE TRAIN
MIROVANJE VLAKA
Drivers must be able to take measures to ensure that the train, or parts thereof, does not start up or move unexpectedly, even in the most difficult conditions.
Strojevodje morajo biti sposobni sprejemati ukrepe, s katerimi tudi v najbolj težkih razmerah preprečijo nepričakovan utek ali premik vlaka ali njegovega dela.
Furthermore, drivers must have knowledge about measures which can stop a train or parts thereof in case it has started to move unexpectedly.
Poleg tega morajo strojevodje poznati ukrepe, s katerimi lahko zaustavijo vlak ali del vlaka, če se je ta začel nepričakovano premikati.
PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND REQUIREMENTS REGARDING THE CERTIFICATE
STROKOVNO ZNANJE O ŽELEZNIŠKI INFRASTRUKTURI IN ZAHTEVE V ZVEZI S SPRIČEVALI
Matters relating to infrastructure
Znanje o železniški infrastrukturi
Drivers must be able to check and calculate, before departure, that the train’s braking power corresponds to the braking power required for the line, as specified in the vehicle documents.
Strojevodje morajo biti pred odhodom sposobni preveriti in izračunati, ali zavorna moč vlaka ustreza zavorni sili, določeni za progo, določeni v dokumentaciji vlaka.
TYPE OF OPERATION AND MAXIMUM TRAIN SPEED ACCORDING TO THE LINE CHARACTERISTICS
NAČIN DELOVANJA IN NAJVEČJA HITROST VLAKA GLEDE NA LASTNOSTI PROGE
take note of information given to them, such as the speed limits or any signalling changes,
seznaniti se s podatki, ki so mu bili posredovani, npr. omejitve hitrosti ali morebitne spremembe v signalizaciji,
determine the type of running and the limit speed of the train on the basis of the characteristics of the line.
določiti način vožnje in največjo hitrost vlaka glede na lastnosti proge.
KNOWLEDGE OF THE LINE
POZNAVANJE PROGE
Drivers must be able to anticipate problems and react appropriately in terms of safety and other performances, such as punctuality and economic aspects.
Strojevodje morajo biti sposobni predvideti težave in ustrezno reagirati v skladu z varnostjo in drugimi nalogami, kot so npr. točnost in gospodarski vidiki.
They must therefore have a thorough knowledge of the railway lines and installations on their route and of any alternative routes agreed on.
Zato morajo dobro poznati železniške proge in naprave na progah ter na morebitnih dogovorjenih alternativnih progah.
The following aspects are important:
Pomembni so naslednji vidiki:
operational conditions (changes of track, one-way running, etc.),
pogoji vožnje (spremembe tira, enotirni promet itd.),
perform a route check and consult the relevant documents,
kontrola proge z uporabo ustrezne dokumentacije,
identification of tracks that can be used for a given type of running,
določitev tirov, ki jih je mogoče uporabiti za dano vrsto vleke,
the applicable traffic rules and the meaning of the signalling system,
veljavni prometni predpisi in pomen signalizacije,
the operations regime,
režim vodenja prometa,
the block system and associated regulations,
sistem zapiranja železniške proge in pripadajoči predpisi,
station names and the position, and distance-sighting of stations and signal boxes to adapt driving accordingly,
imena in lego postaj ter prepoznavanje postaj in postavljalnic od daleč zaradi ustrezne prilagoditve hitrosti,
transition signalling between different operating or power supply systems,
prikaz prehodov med sistemi delovanja ali sistemi za oskrbo z električno energijo,
speed limits for the different train categories driven,
omejitve hitrosti za različne kategorije vlakov,
topographical profiles,
topografske značilnosti,
particular braking conditions, for example on lines with a steep downward gradient,
posebni pogoji zaviranja, npr. pogoji, ki veljajo za proge z velikim naklonom,
particular operating features: special signals, signs, departure conditions, etc.
operativne posebnosti: posebni signali, znaki, pogoji za odhod itd.
SAFETY REGULATIONS
VARNOSTNI PREDPISI
start the trains only when all prescribed conditions are fulfilled (timetable, start order or signal, operation of signals if required, etc.),
speljati vlak šele, ko so izpolnjeni vsi predpisani pogoji (vozni red, ukaz ali signal za odhod, po potrebi delovanje signalov itd.),
observe track-side and in-cab signals, interpret them immediately and without error, and act as specified,
opazovati signale na progi ali v vozniški kabini, jih nemudoma in brez napak prepoznati ter ustrezno ukrepati,
run the train safely according to the specific modes of operation: apply special modes if instructed, temporary speed restrictions, running in opposite direction, permission to pass signals at danger, switching operations, turns, running through construction sites, etc.,
varno upravljati vlak v posebnih razmerah in upoštevati naloge, ki so v zvezi z varnostjo: posebni načini vožnje, če se to zahteva, začasna počasna vožnja, vožnja v nasprotno smer, dovoljenje za nadaljevanje vožnje v nevarnih razmerah, vožnja mimo signala za ustavitev, menjava smeri vožnje, vožnja skozi območja gradbišč itd.,
respect scheduled or supplementary stops, and if necessary perform supplementary operations for passengers during these stops, notably opening and closing the doors.
spoštovati načrtovane ali dodatne ustavitve in v času ustavitev po potrebi izvesti dodatne postopke za varnost potnikov, še posebej odpiranje in zapiranje vrat.
DRIVING THE TRAIN
UPRAVLJANJE VLAKA
know the train’s position on the line at all times,
določiti položaj vlaka na progi v vsakem trenutku,
apply the brakes for decelerations and stops, taking account of the rolling stock and installations,
uporabljati zavore za upočasnitev in ustavljanje ob upoštevanju voznih sredstev in naprav,
adjust the running of the train in accordance with the timetable and any orders given on saving energy, taking account of the characteristics of the traction unit, the train, the line and the environment.
prilagoditi hitrost vlaka voznemu redu in morebitnim navodilom o varčevanju z energijo, pri čemer mora upoštevati lastnosti vlečnega vozila, vlaka, proge in okolja.
be attentive, insofar as train operation permits, to unusual occurrences concerning the infrastructure and the environment: signals, tracks, energy supply, level crossings, track surrounding, other traffic,
prepoznati neobičajne dogodke v zvezi z železniško infrastrukturo in okoljem, kolikor to pač dopušča upravljanje vlaka: signali, tiri, oskrba z energijo, železniški prehodi, okolica tirov, preostali promet,
know particular distances to clear obstacles,
oceniti oddaljenost ovir,
inform the infrastructure manager as soon as possible of the place and nature of anomalies observed, making sure that the information has been understood,
upravljavca železniške infrastrukture čimprej obvestiti o mestu in vrsti opažene motnje ter se prepričati, da je ta pravilno razumel informacijo,
taking into account the infrastructure, ensure or take measures to ensure the safety of traffic and persons, whenever necessary.
ob upoštevanju železniške infrastrukture zagotoviti ali sprejeti ukrepe za zagotovitev varnosti prometa in ljudi, kadar koli je to potrebno.
take steps to protect the train and summon assistance in the event of an accident involving persons,
sprejeti ukrepe za zaščito vlaka in poklicati pomoč v primeru nesreče, v kateri so udeleženi ljudje,
determine where to stop the train in the event of a fire and facilitate the evacuation of passengers, if necessary,
odločiti mesto ustavitve vlaka v primeru požara in po potrebi olajšati evakuacijo potnikov,
provide useful information on the fire as soon as possible if the fire cannot be brought under control by the driver acting alone,
če sam ne more pogasiti požara, čimprej posredovati koristne informacije o požaru,
inform the infrastructure manager of these conditions as soon as possible,
čimprej obvestiti upravljavca železniške infrastrukture o teh razmerah,
assess whether the infrastructure allows the vehicle to continue to run and under which conditions.
oceniti ali in pod katerimi pogoji lahko vlak glede na stanje železniške infrastrukture nadaljuje vožnjo.
LANGUAGE TESTS
JEZIKOVNA PREVERJANJA
Drivers who have to communicate with the infrastructure manager on critical safety issues must have language skills in the language indicated by the infrastructure manager concerned.
Strojevodje, ki morajo komunicirati z upravljavcem železniške infrastrukture o ključnih varnostnih vprašanjih, morajo imeti znanje jezika, ki ga določi pristojni upravljavec železniške infrastrukture.
Their language skills must be such that they can communicate actively and effectively in routine, adverse and emergency situations.
Njihovo znanje jezika jim mora omogočati aktivno in učinkovito sporazumevanje v rutinskih, težkih in izrednih razmerah.
They must be able to use the messages and communication method specified in the ‘Operations’ TSI.
Sposobni morajo biti uporabljati sporočila in komunikacijske metode, opredeljene v TSI „Delovanje“.
Drivers must be able to communicate according to level 3 of the following table:
Strojevodje morajo biti sposobni za sporazumevanje, ki ustreza stopnji 3 naslednje tabele:
Language and communication level
Jezikovna in komunikacijska raven
The oral qualification in a language can be subdivided into five levels:
Sposobnost ustnega izražanja v določenem jeziku lahko razdelimo v pet stopenj:
can adapt the way he/she speaks to any interlocutor
sposobnost prilagoditve načina izražanja vsakemu sogovorniku
can put forward an opinion
sposobnost zagovarjanja določenega stališča
can negotiate
sposobnost pogajanja
can persuade
sposobnost prepričevanja
can give advice
sposobnost svetovanja
can cope with totally unforeseen situations
sposobnost obvladovanja popolnoma nepredvidljivih situacij
can make assumptions
sposobnost domnevanja
can express an argued opinion
sposobnost izražanja utemeljenega stališča
can cope with practical situations involving an unforeseen element
sposobnost obvladovanja praktičnih situacij znepredvidljivim dejavnikom
can describe
sposobnost opisovanja
can keep a simple conversation going
sposobnost nadaljevanja preprostega pogovora
can cope with simple practical situations
sposobnost obvladovanja enostavnih praktičnih situacij
can ask questions
sposobnost postavljanja vprašanj
can answer questions
sposobnost odgovarjanja na vprašanja
can talk using memorised sentences
sposobnost pogovarjanja s pomočjo na pamet naučenih stavkov
FREQUENCY OF EXAMINATIONS
POGOSTOST PREVERJANJA
The minimum frequency of the periodic checks shall be as follows:
Minimalna pogostost rednih preverjanj je naslednja:
linguistic knowledge (only for non-native speakers): every three years or after any absence of more than one year;
jezikovno znanje (samo za tiste, ki se morajo sporazumevati v tujem jeziku): vsaka tri leta ali po vsaki odsotnosti dlje od enega leta;
infrastructure knowledge (including route and operation rules knowledge): every three years or after any absence of more than one year on the relevant route;
znanje o infrastrukturi (vključno z znanjem o progah ter operativnih predpisih): vsaka tri leta ali po vsaki odsotnosti z določene proge, ki je daljša od enega leta;
knowledge of rolling stock: every three years.
znanje o voznih sredstvih: vsaka tri leta.
Licence
Dovoljenje
maximum corrective lenses: hypermetropia + 5/myopia -8.
maksimalne korekcijske leče: daljnovidnost + 5/kratkovidnost -8.
Derogations are authorised in exceptional cases and after having obtained the opinion of an eye specialist.
Odstopanja so dovoljena v izjemnih primerih in na podlagi pridobitve mnenja očesnega specialista.
The medical doctor then takes the decision,
Zdravnik nato sprejme odločitev,
near and intermediate vision: sufficient, whether aided or unaided,
ostrina vida na blizu in pri srednji oddaljenosti: zadostna, bodisi s pomočjo ali brez;