natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The required controls and displays are those needed to undertake the primary driving task and all those which are mandatory.
Zahtevane naprave za upravljanje in zasloni so tisti, ki so potrebni za opravljanje primarne naloge vožnje, in vsi tisti, ki so obvezni.
Required controls include: accelerator, brake (clutch, if fitted), steering wheel, gear changer, parking brake, horn, light switches, turn indicators, washers and wipers (all modes and speeds), hazard flashers, de-mister controls.
Zahtevane naprave za upravljanje vključujejo: pedal za plin, zavoro, (sklopko, če je nameščena), volan, prestavna ročica, parkirno zavoro, hupo, stikala za luči, kazalnike, naprave za pranje in brisalce vetrobranskega stekla (vsi načini in hitrosti), utripajoče luči, naprave za razmeglitev.
Bad:
Slab:
An after-market route guidance system which obstructs the light switches,
Navigacijski istem dodatne opreme, ki ovira stikala za luči.
a display that covers the hazard flasher control,
Zaslon, ki prekriva stikalo za utripajoče luči.
an additional control on the exterior of the steering wheel rim which could make the steering wheel more difficult to use during cornering.
Dodatna naprava za upravljanje na zunanji strani volana, ki lahko otežuje uporabo volana med zavijanjem.
Verification is performed by checking whether the driver can see all displays and controls required for the primary driving task.
Preveri se, ali lahko voznik vidi vse zaslone in naprave za upravljanje, potrebne za primarno nalogo vožnje.
ISO 4513 (2003) Road vehicle — Visibility, method for establishment of eyellipses for driver’s eye location.
ISO 4513 (2003) Cestna vozila – Vidljivost, metoda določitve očesnih elips za določitev položaja voznikovih oči.
Visual displays should be positioned as close as practicable to the driver’s normal line of sight.
Prikazovalniki morajo biti nameščeni čim bližje voznikovi običajni vidni liniji.
For a driver to be in full control of the vehicle and aware of the dynamic road scene there is a broad consensus that, apart from brief glances at mirrors or instrumentation, the driver’s gaze should be directed towards the road scene.
Da bi imel voznik popoln nadzor nad vozilom in bi se zavedal dinamičnega dogajanja na cesti, obstaja splošno soglasje, da mora biti voznikov pogled, z izjemo bežnih pogledov v ogledalo ali instrumente, usmerjen na dogajanje na cesti.
Visual displays positioned close to the normal line of sight reduce the total eyes-off-the-road time relative to those which are positioned further away, thus maximising the possibility for a driver to use peripheral vision to monitor the road scene for major developments while looking at a display.
Prikazovalniki, nameščeni v bližini običajne vidne linije, zmanjšajo celotni čas odmika pogleda s ceste v primerjavi s prikazovalniki, ki so nameščeni daleč stran, zaradi česar se poveča možnost, da voznik med gledanjem na zaslon uporablja periferno vidno polje za spremljanje pomembnih dogodkov na cesti.
The further away from the driver’s normal line of sight the display is positioned, the more difficult it is to obtain information and the greater the possible impact on driving performance.
Dlje kot je zaslon nameščen od voznikove običajne vidne linije, težje je pridobiti informacije in večja je možnost vplivanja na sposobnost vožnje.
It is recommended that the most important or safety-critical information be closest to the normal line of sight.
Priporočljivo je, da so najpomembnejše informacije ali informacije, pomembne za varnost, čim bližje običajni vidni liniji.
This principle therefore requires the designer/installer to make an explicit, but essentially qualitative, trade-off between practicability and closeness.
To načelo zato od oblikovalca/monterja zahteva, da naredi jasen, vendar predvsem kvalitativen kompromis med uporabnostjo in bližino.
Important factors include:
Pri tem so pomembni naslednji dejavniki:
the requirement not to obstruct the road scene (see principle 4.3.2.2),
zahteva, da ni oviran pogled na dogajanje na cesti (glej načelo 4.3.2.2),
the requirement not to obstruct other controls or displays (see principle 4.3.2.3),
zahteva, da niso ovirane druge naprave za upravljanje ali zasloni (glej načelo 4.3.2.3),
the requirement that the display should not itself be substantially obstructed by, for example, controls such as the steering wheel or gear change lever.
zahteva, da samega zaslona bistveno ne ovirajo na primer naprave za upravljanje, kot sta volan ali prestavna ročica.
In particular for passenger cars [10], it is recommended that displays containing information relevant to driving and all displays requiring long sequences of interface be placed within approximately 30° downward viewing angle of the driver’s normal forward view.
Še zlasti je za osebna vozila [10] priporočljivo, da so zasloni, ki vsebujejo informacije, pomembne za vožnjo, in vsi zasloni, ki zahtevajo dolgo zaporedje vmesnikov, nameščeni do približno 30° pod zornim kotom voznikovega običajnega pogleda naprej.
For a discussion on long sequences of interface, refer to principle 4.3.4.2.Examples:
Dolga zaporedja vmesnikov so opisana v načelu 4.3.4.2.Primeri:
Good: A display for navigation in a passenger car is installed within approximately 30° downward viewing angle because the information is related to driving.
Dober: Zaslon sistema za navigacijo v osebnem vozilu je nameščen do približno 30° pod zornim kotom, ker so informacije povezane z vožnjo.
Bad: A display for communication, e.g. of a personal digital assistant (PDA) or phone, is positioned near the gear lever between the front seats in a passenger car in spite of long sequences of interface necessary to enter or search for a telephone number.
Slab: Zaslon sistema za komunikacijo, npr. dlančnika (PDA) ali telefona, je kljub dolgemu zaporedju vmesnikov, potrebnih za vnos ali iskanje telefonske številke, nameščen v bližini prestavne ročice med sprednjimi sedeži v osebnem vozilu.
The principle applies to all in-vehicle systems equipped with visual displays and situations of use that involve forward vision.
Načelo se uporablja za vse sisteme v vozilih, opremljene s prikazovalniki, ter za primere uporabe, ki vključujejo pogled naprej.
external light (usually sunlight) falling on the visual display reduces display contrast and makes the information on the screen more difficult to see from the driver’s normal viewing position,
zunanja svetloba (običajno sončna svetloba) pada na prikazovalnik, pri čemer zmanjšuje kontrast zaslona ter iz voznikovega običajnega položaja gledanja otežuje vidljivost informacij na zaslonu;
the display is itself too bright and causes distraction from the road scene and other in-vehicle displays and controls.
zaslon je sam po sebi presvetel in povzroča odvračanje pozornosti od dogajanja na cesti ter drugih zaslonov in naprav za upravljanje v vozilu.
light from a light-emitting display travels to another surface (or via several surfaces), producing a secondary image of the display screen, for example on the windscreen.
svetloba iz zaslona potuje do druge površine (ali preko več površin), pri čemer ustvarja sekundarno sliko zaslona, na primer na vetrobranskem steklu.
This is most likely to be perceived by the driver when there is high contrast between the secondary image and its background, such as against the windscreen during darkness,
Voznik to najpogosteje opazi, kadar obstaja velik kontrast med sekundarno sliko in njenim ozadjem, kot npr. pri vetrobranskemu steklu v temi;
light from an external source (e.g. the sun, streetlights, or other bright objects) is reflected by the display surface into the driver’s eyes (see also glare above).
površina zaslona odseva svetlobo iz zunanjega vira (npr. sonce, ulične luči ali drugi svetli predmeti) v voznikove oči (glej tudi bleščanje zgoraj).
The effects should be considered during the design and installation process.
Te vplive je treba preučiti med načrtovanjem sistema in postopkom namestitve.
Issues that could be considered include provision of a (manual or automatic) display brightness control, choice of display technology, choice of display surface texture and finish, choice of colour and gloss of surfaces being reflected in the display surface, choice of image polarity, siting of the display and adjustability, the use of a recess or cowl.
Vprašanja, ki jih je mogoče obravnavati, vključujejo zagotavljanje (ročnega ali samodejnega) nadzora svetlosti zaslona, izbiro zaslonske tehnologije, izbiro strukture površine zaslona, izbiro barve in sijaja površin, ki odsevajo na površini zaslona, izbiro negativa in pozitiva slike, postavitev in prilagodljivost zaslona, odmaknjeno namestitev ali namestitev zaslonke.
Good: A screen with an automatic brightness control which does not produce secondary images on the vehicle’s glass and which has a display front surface that can be easily read under all normal lighting conditions.
Dober: Zaslon s samodejnim prilagajanjem svetlobe, ki ne ustvarja sekundarnih slik na šipah vozila in ima sprednjo površino zaslona, ki jo je v vseh normalnih svetlobnih pogojih mogoče brez težav odčitati.
Bad: A display which is so bright at night that it is significant in the driver’s peripheral vision when looking at the forward road-scene and whose information is difficult to read in sunlight because the contrast is so low.
Slab: Zaslon, ki je ponoči tako svetel, da je močno viden v periferiji voznikovega zornega kota pri opazovanju dogajanja na cesti, in s katerega je na sončni svetlobi težko prebrati informacije, ker je kontrast premajhen.
ISO 15008 (2003): Road vehicles — ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems — specification and compliance procedures for in-vehicle visual presentation.
ISO 15008 (2003): Cestna vozila – Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Specifikacije in postopki ugotavljanja ustreznosti za vizualno predstavitev v vozilu.
Visually displayed information presented at any one time by the system should be designed in such a way that the driver is able to assimilate the relevant information with a few glances which are brief enough not to adversely affect driving.
Vizualno prikazane informacije, ki jih lahko sistem predstavi kadar koli, morajo biti oblikovane na tak način, da lahko voznik ustrezne informacije sprejme z nekaj bežnimi pogledi, ki so dovolj kratki, da nimajo negativnega vpliva na vožnjo.
Therefore, activity necessary for detecting and acquiring visually presented relevant information at any one time should be limited.
Zato dejavnost, potrebna za zaznavanje in pridobivanje ustreznih vizualno predstavljenih informacij v katerem koli trenutku, ne sme biti prevelika.
Increasing the frequency and/or duration of glances required to detect and acquire visually displayed information may increase the risk of potentially dangerous traffic situations caused by driver preoccupation with non-primary driving-related tasks.
Povečevanje pogostosti in/ali trajanja bežnih pogledov, potrebnih za zaznavanje in pridobivanje vizualno prikazanih informacij, lahko poveča tveganje potencialno nevarnih prometnih situacij, ki jih povzroči voznikova preobremenjenost z neprimarnimi nalogami, povezanimi z vožnjo.
Good: Easily legible and well-structured graphics on a well-positioned visual display which allows identification of the relevant menu item with a single one-second glance.
Dober: Dobro čitljiva in strukturirana grafika na pravilno nameščenem prikazovalniku, ki omogoča identifikacijo ustreznega elementa menija z enim samim bežnim pogledom v eni sekundi.
Compare design alternatives for the presentation of information: the number and duration of glances needed to detect and acquire relevant information presented at any one time should be minimised.
Primerjava alternativnih možnosti načrtovanja za predstavitev informacij: število in trajanje bežnih pogledov, potrebnih za zaznavanje in pridobivanje ustreznih informacij, predstavljenih v katerem koli trenutku, mora biti omejeno.
Result: Optimised design of a single screen.
Rezultati: optimirano zasnovan enojni zaslon.
ISO 15008 (2003): Road vehicles — ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems — specification and compliance procedures for in-vehicle visual presentation,
ISO 15008 (2003): Cestna vozila – Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Specifikacije in postopki ugotavljanja ustreznosti za vizualno predstavitev v vozilu.
ISO FDIS 16673: Road vehicles — ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems — Occlusion method to assess visual distraction.
ISO FDIS 16673: Cestna vozila – Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Okluzijska metoda za oceno odvračanja vizualne pozornosti.
Additional methods/scales are under development in ISO TC22/SC13/WG8 for quantification of visual distraction, e.g. revision of ISO 15008, display legibility and TC22/SC13/WG8/AWI on the Lane Change Test method to measure driver distraction.
Dodatne metode/lestvice so v postopku razvoja v ISO TC22/SC13/WG8 za količinsko opredelitev odvračanja vizualne pozornosti; npr. revizija ISO 15008, čitljivost zaslona in TC22/SC13/WG8/AWI o preskusu spremembe voznega pasu, metoda za merjenje odvračanja pozornosti voznika.
Standards related to legibility, audibility and symbols prescribe geometrical and/or physical characteristics for information which is displayed visually and/or aurally and are intended to maximise the likelihood of information being easily comprehended by drivers in a large range of circumstances and environments.
Standardi glede čitljivosti, slišnosti in simbolov predpisujejo geometrične in/ali fizične značilnosti za informacije, ki so prikazane vizualno in/ali zvočno ter so namenjene temu, da se čim bolj poveča verjetnost, da bodo vozniki razumeli informacije v različnih okoliščinah in razmerah.
Good: Road signs are used on in-vehicle displays to augment traffic information.
Dober: Prometni znaki se uporabljajo na zaslonih v vozilih za dopolnitev prometnih informacij.
Verification by checking whether internationally and/or nationally agreed standards relating to legibility, audibility, icons, symbols, words, acronyms and/or abbreviations are used, taking into account the main relevant standards.
Izvede se pregled, ali so uporabljeni bodisi mednarodno bodisi nacionalno dogovorjeni standardi glede čitljivosti, slišnosti, ikon, simbolov, besed, kratic in/ali okrajšav, ob upoštevanju ustreznih glavnih standardov.
ISO 15008 (2003) — Road vehicles — Traffic information and control systems (TICS) — Ergonomic aspects of in-vehicle information presentation (under revision),
ISO 15008 (2003) – Cestna vozila – Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Specifikacije in postopki ugotavljanja ustreznosti za vizualno predstavitev v vozilu (v reviziji).
ISO 15006 (2004) — Road vehicles — Traffic information and control systems (TICS) — Auditory presentation of information,
ISO 15006 (2004) – Cestna vozila – Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Specifikacije in postopki ugotavljanja ustreznosti za zvočno predstavitev v vozilu.
The driving task requires the driver to continuously monitor the environment to select relevant stimuli and to concentrate and focus attention on those stimuli which require adjustment of his/her behaviour.
Vožnja od voznika zahteva, da stalno nadzoruje okolje, da zazna ustrezne dražljaje ter usmeri in osredotoči pozornost na tiste dražljaje, ki zahtevajo prilagoditev njegovega vedenja.
Such adjustment depends on which action is most suitable for the situation and on the goals and priorities of the driver.
Taka prilagoditev je odvisna od vprašanja, katera dejavnost je najprimernejša za dano situacijo, ter od ciljev in prednostnih nalog voznika.
Correctly timed and accurate information reduces uncertainty by giving valid and clear answers to questions such as: ‘What?’‘When?’‘Where?’‘For how long?’ etc. The requirement of accuracy and timing of information also implies that it is necessary for the displayed message to match the driver’s judgement of the environment.
Pravilno časovno opredeljene in točne informacije zmanjšujejo negotovost, saj dajejo tehtne in jasne odgovore na vprašanja, kot so: „Kaj?“, „Kdaj?“, „Kje?“, „Kako dolgo?“ itd. Zahteve po točnosti in pravočasnosti informacij pomenijo tudi, da morajo prikazana sporočila ustrezati voznikovi presoji okolja.
Systems providing ill-timed and/or incorrect information may create safety-critical driver distraction and frustration.
Sistemi, ki ne zagotavljajo pravočasnih in točnih informacij, lahko povzročijo nevarno odvračanje pozornosti in negotovost voznika.
The principle applies to all auditory and visual time-critical information provided by information and communication systems.
Načelo se uporablja za vse zvočne in vizualne informacije, ki jih zagotavljajo informacijski in komunikacijski sistemi, pri katerih je pomembna časovna natančnost.
Verification by checking whether the information provided by the system is sufficiently correct and presented at the expected time.
Preverja se, ali so informacije, ki jih sistem zagotavlja, dovolj točne in predstavljene ob pričakovanem času.
Where information is generated off-board (from the roadside or a remote system), prioritisation cannot take account of the driving situation and only a more generic priority allocation is possible.
Kadar se informacije oddajajo zunaj vozila (na cestnem robu ali z daljinskim sistemom), se pri določanju prednosti informacij ne morejo upoštevati vozne razmere in je možno samo bolj posplošeno dodeljevanje prednosti.
For off-board information, the dynamic information providers (service providers) should implement an information dissemination strategy which, besides being current and reliable, ensures that transmission priority is given to messages with the highest importance.
Ponudniki dinamičnih informacij (ponudniki storitev) morajo za informacije zunaj vozila izvajati strategijo razširjanja informacij, ki – poleg točnosti in zanesljivosti – zagotavlja prednost sporočilom z največjim pomenom.
Safety relevance of information may not always be easily determined and not all information may be technically available for prioritisation.
Varnostnega pomena informacij ni vedno lahko opredeliti in vse informacije niso tehnično primerne za določanje pomembnosti.
Bad: A high-priority message concerning ice at the current location is prevented from being delivered immediately because the information screen is in the process of displaying a message concerning distant traffic congestion.
Slab: Zelo pomembnega sporočila o poledici na trenutni lokaciji, ni mogoče takoj posredovati, ker je informacijski zaslon v postopku prikazovanja sporočila o oddaljenih prometnih zastojih.
Verification by checking whether priority of information is taken into account.
Preverjanja se, ali se upošteva prednost informacij.
ISO/TS16951 (2004): Road vehicles — Ergonomic aspects of transport information and control systems — Procedure for determining priority of on-board messages presented to drivers.
ISO/TS16951 (2004): Cestna vozila – Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Postopki za določanje prednosti sporočil v vozilu, posredovanih voznikom.
System-generated sounds, with sound levels that cannot be controlled by the driver, should not mask audible warnings from within the vehicle or the outside.
Zvoki, ki jih proizvaja sistem, in katerih glasnost voznik ne more nadzorovati, ne smejo preglasiti zvočnih opozoril v vozilu ali izven njega.
Therefore, auditory information needs to be designed in such a way that it does not mask warning sounds conveyed from the interior or exterior to the driver.
Zato je treba dodatne zvočne informacije oblikovati na tak način, da ne preglasijo opozorilnih zvokov, posredovanih vozniku od znotraj ali od zunaj.
Any system, including audio systems, should be considered in terms of the effect the system could have on the driver before being introduced.
Vsi sistemi, vključno z avdio sistemi, se morajo preveriti glede učinkovanja na voznika, preden se dajo na trg.
the sounds produced by the system are not at such a level that warning sounds are likely to be masked,
zvoki, ki jih proizvaja sistem, niso tako glasni, da bi lahko preglasili opozorilne zvoke,
the duration of the sounds is sufficiently short to ensure that warnings are not missed,
trajanje zvokov je dovolj kratko, da se zagotovi, da opozorila niso preslišana,
intermittent sounds are such that the interval between them is long enough for warnings to be received by the driver.
zvoki s prekinitvami so takšni, da je interval med njimi dovolj dolg, da lahko voznik zazna opozorilo.
Bad: An incoming telephone call is at a very high sound level liable to mask warnings, and out of the driver’s control.
Slab: Dohodni telefonski klic je na tako visoki glasnosti, da lahko preglasi opozorila, in je izven nadzora voznika.
The principle applies to all audible sounds from information and communication systems with sound levels that cannot be controlled by the driver, either from in-vehicle systems, after-market or nomadic devices, or as a result of information received through communication with the outside world.
Načelo se uporablja za vse zvočne signale iz informacijskih in komunikacijskih sistemov z glasnostjo, ki je voznik ne more nadzorovati, bodisi iz sistemov v vozilu, sistemov dodatne opreme ali mobilnih naprav, bodisi kot rezultat informacij, prejetih preko komunikacije z zunanjim svetom.
Verification by checking whether warnings are still clearly perceptible while the system produces uncontrollable sound levels.
Preverja se, ali so opozorila še vedno jasno zaznavna, ko sistem proizvaja zvoke nenadzorovane glasnosti.
ISO 15006 (2004) — Road vehicles — Traffic information and control systems (TICS) — Auditory presentation of information.
ISO 15006 (2004) – Cestna vozila – Ergonomski vidiki transportnih informacij in kontrolnih sistemov – Specifikacije in postopki ugotavljanja ustreznosti za zvočno predstavitev v vozilu.
There are driving situations which require the driver to have precise control of the vehicle’s steering and this can be achieved most effectively with both hands on the steering wheel.
Določene vozne razmere od voznika zahtevajo, da natančno nadzoruje upravljanje vozila, kar je mogoče najbolj učinkovito doseči z obema rokama na volanu.
To be in accord with this principle, the system should be designed in such a way that only one hand needs to be away from the steering wheel to interact with the system, leaving one hand remaining on the steering wheel.
Za skladnost s tem načelom mora biti sistem načrtovan na tak način, da je za njegovo uporabo potrebna samo ena roka, pri čemer druga roka ostane na volanu.
All information and communication systems.
Vsi informacijski in komunikacijski sistemi.
Verification by checking whether the driver can operate the system with only one hand.
Preveri se, ali lahko voznik upravlja sistem samo z eno roko.
The system should not require long and uninterruptible sequences of manual-visual interface.
Sistem ne sme zahtevati dolgih in neprekinjenih zaporedij stikov z ročno-vizualnim vmesnikom.
The principle allows for uninterruptible sequences of interface as long as they are short, whereas a long interface sequence should be interruptible by the driver.
Načelo dovoljuje neprekinjena zaporedja stikov z vmesnikom, če so zaporedja kratka, medtem ko mora voznik dolga zaporedja stikov z vmesnikom prekiniti.
This means that the system should not delete any driver input during interruption unless the interface sequence is short or a sufficiently large time-out period has passed.
To pomeni, da sistem med prekinitvijo ne sme izbrisati nobenega voznikovega vnosa, razen če je zaporedje vmesnikov kratko ali pa je preteklo dovolj dolgo obdobje prekinitve.
On the other hand, an interface may be uninterruptible if it is short in order to avoid an additional input for returning the system’s state to normal.
Na drugi strani so stiki z vmesnikom, če so kratki, lahko neprekinjen, da se izogne dodatnemu vnosu za povrnitev sistema v normalno stanje.