natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
the procedures and precautions to be followed with regard to surface movement during operations when the RVR is 400 m or less and any additional procedures required for take-off in conditions below 150 m (200 m for Category D aeroplanes);
postopke in previdnostne ukrepe, ki jih je treba upoštevati za gibanje po površinah med operacijami, če znaša RVR 400 m ali manj, ter vse dodatne postopke, ki se zahtevajo za vzlet pri pogojih pod 150 m (200 m za letala kategorije D);
the significance of decision heights based upon radio altimeters and the effect of terrain profile in the approach area on radio altimeter readings and on the automatic approach/landing systems;
pomen višin odločitve na podlagi radiovišinomerov in učinek profila terena v območju prileta na prikaze radiovišinomerov in sisteme za avtomatski prilet/pristanek;
the importance and significance of alert height if applicable and the action in the event of any failure above and below the alert height;
pomen in pomembnost opozorilne višine, če se uporablja, in ukrepe pri kakršni koli okvari nad in pod opozorilno višino;
the qualification requirements for pilots to obtain and retain approval to conduct low visibility take-offs and Category II or III operations; and
zahteve glede usposobljenosti pilotov za pridobitev in ohranitev dovoljenja za izvajanje vzletov pri zmanjšani vidljivosti in operacij kategorij II ali III; in
the importance of correct seating and eye position.
pomen pravilnega položaja pri sedenju in položaja oči.
Flight simulator training and/or flight training
Usposabljanje na simulatorju letenja in/ali usposabljanje med letom
An operator must ensure that flight simulator and/or flight training for low visibility operations includes:
Operator mora zagotoviti, da usposabljanje na simulatorju letenja in/ali usposabljanje med letom za operacije pri zmanjšani vidljivosti vključuje:
checks of satisfactory functioning of equipment, both on the ground and in flight;
preverjanje zadovoljivega delovanja opreme, na tleh in med letom;
effect on minima caused by changes in the status of ground installations;
učinek na minimume, ki ga povzročijo spremembe statusa zemeljskih naprav;
monitoring of automatic flight control systems and auto land status annunciators with emphasis on the action to be taken in the event of failures of such systems;
spremljanje sistemov za avtomatsko krmiljenje letala in prikazovalnikov statusa avtomatskega pristajanja s poudarkom na ukrepih, ki jih je treba sprejeti pri okvari teh sistemov;
actions to be taken in the event of failures such as engines, electrical systems, hydraulics or flight control systems;
ukrepe, ki jih je treba sprejeti v primeru okvar motorjev, električnih sistemov, hidravlike ali sistemov za krmiljenje letala;
the effect of known unserviceabilities and use of minimum equipment lists;
učinek znanih nedelujočih sestavnih delov in uporabo seznamov minimalne opreme;
operating limitations resulting from airworthiness certification;
operativne omejitve, ki izhajajo iz postopka certificiranja plovnosti;
guidance on the visual cues required at decision height together with information on maximum deviation allowed from glide path or localiser; and
vodenje glede na vizualne pokazatelje, ki se zahtevajo na višini odločitve, skupaj s podatki o največjem dovoljenem odstopanju od drsne poti ali lokalizatorja; in
the importance and significance of alert height if applicable and the action in the event of any failure above and below the alert height.
pomen in pomembnost opozorilne višine, če se uporablja, in ukrepe pri kakršni koli okvari nad in pod opozorilno višino.
An operator must ensure that each flight crew member is trained to carry out his/her duties and instructed on the coordination required with other crew members.
Operator mora zagotoviti, da se vsak član letalske posadke usposobi za izvajanje svojih nalog in pouči o usklajevanju, potrebnem pri delu z drugimi člani posadke.
Maximum use should be made of flight simulators.
V čim večji meri naj se uporabljajo simulatorji letenja.
Training must be divided into phases covering normal operation with no aeroplane or equipment failures but including all weather conditions which may be encountered and detailed scenarios of aeroplane and equipment failure which could affect Category II or III operations.
Usposabljanje mora biti razdeljeno na faze, ki zajemajo običajne operacije brez okvare letala ali opreme, vendar v vseh verjetnih vremenskih pogojih, in podrobne scenarije pri okvarah letala in opreme, ki lahko vplivajo na operacije kategorij II ali III.
If the aeroplane system involves the use of hybrid or other special systems (such as head up displays or enhanced vision equipment) then flight crew members must practise the use of these systems in normal and abnormal modes during the flight simulator phase of training.
Če vključuje sistem na letalu uporabo hibridnih ali drugih posebnih sistemov (kot so elektrooptični polprosojni zasloni ali oprema za izboljšanje vidnosti), morajo člani letalske posadke v fazi usposabljanja na simulatorju letenja vaditi uporabo teh sistemov v običajnih in neobičajnih načinih.
Incapacitation procedures appropriate to low visibility take-offs and Category II and III operations shall be practised.
Vaditi je treba postopke v primeru onesposobljenosti enega od pilotov, ki ustrezajo vzletom pri zmanjšani vidljivosti in operacijam kategorij II in III.
For aeroplanes with no flight simulator operators must ensure that the flight training phase specific to the visual scenarios of Category II operations is conducted in a specifically approved flight simulator.
Za letala, za katera simulator letenja ne obstaja, morajo operatorji zagotoviti, da poteka faza usposabljanja za letenje, ki je specifična za vizualni scenarij pri operacijah kategorije II, na posebej potrjenem simulatorju letenja.
Such training must include a minimum of four approaches.
Takšno usposabljanje mora vključevati najmanj štiri prilete.
The training and procedures that are type specific shall be practised in the aeroplane.
Usposabljanje in postopki, ki so specifični za posamezni tip, se izvajajo na letalu.
Initial Category II and III training shall include at least the following exercises:
Začetno usposabljanje za kategoriji II in III vključuje vsaj naslednje vaje:
approach using the appropriate flight guidance, autopilots and control systems installed in the aeroplane, to the appropriate decision height and to include transition to visual flight and landing;
prilet z uporabo ustreznega vodenja letala, avtopilotov in sistemov krmiljenja, vgrajenih na letalu, do ustrezne višine odločitve, vključno s prehodom na vizualni let in pristanek;
approach with all engines operating using the appropriate flight guidance systems, autopilots and control systems installed in the aeroplane down to the appropriate decision height followed by missed approach; all without external visual reference;
prilet z vsemi delujočimi motorji z uporabo ustreznih sistemov vodenja letala, avtopilotov in sistemov krmiljenja, vgrajenih na letalu, do ustrezne višine odločitve, ki mu sledi neuspeli prilet; vse brez zunanjih vizualnih referenc;
where appropriate, approaches utilising automatic flight systems to provide automatic flare, landing and roll-out; and
kjer je ustrezno, prilete z uporabo sistemov za avtomatsko letenje, ki zagotavljajo avtomatsko ravnanje, pristanek in iztek; in
normal operation of the applicable system both with and without acquisition of visual cues at decision height.
običajno delovanje uporabljenega sistema, s pridobitvijo vizualnih pokazateljev na višini odločitve in brez njih.
Subsequent phases of training must include at least:
Naslednje faze usposabljanja morajo vključevati vsaj:
approaches with engine failure at various stages on the approach;
prilete z okvaro motorja v različnih fazah prileta;
approaches with critical equipment failures (e.g. electrical systems, auto flight systems, ground and/or airborne ILS/MLS systems and status monitors);
prilete z okvaro kritične opreme (npr. električnih sistemov, sistemov za avtomatsko letenje, sistemov ILS/MLS na letališču in/ali letalu ter sistemov za spremljanje stanja letala);
approaches where failures of auto flight equipment at low level require either;
prilete, pri katerih okvare opreme za avtomatsko letenje na majhni višini zahtevajo bodisi:
reversion to manual flight to control flare, landing and roll out or missed approach; or
prehod na ročno letenje za izvedbo ravnanja, pristanka in izteka ali neuspelega prileta; ali
reversion to manual flight or a downgraded automatic mode to control missed approaches from, at or below decision height including those which may result in a touchdown on the runway;
prehod na ročno letenje ali degradirani avtomatski način za izvedbo neuspelih priletov, začetih na višini odločitve ali pod njo, vključno s tistimi neuspelimi prileti, katerim lahko sledi dotik na vzletno-pristajalni stezi;
failures of the systems which will result in excessive localiser and/or glide slope deviation, both above and below decision height, in the minimum visual conditions authorised for the operation.
okvare sistemov pri minimalnih vizualnih pogojih, dovoljenih za operacijo, nad višino odločitve in pod njo ki povzročijo prekomerna odstopanja od lokalizatorja in/ali drsne poti.
In addition, a continuation to a manual landing must be practised if a head-up display forms a downgraded mode of the automatic system or the head-up display forms the only flare mode; and
Dodatno je treba vaditi tudi nadaljevanje leta do ročnega pristanka, če je elektrooptični polprosojni zaslon del degradiranega avtomatskega sistema ali edino sredstvo za ravnanje letala; in
failures and procedures specific to aeroplane type or variant.
okvare in postopke, specifične za tip ali različico letala.
The training programme must provide practice in handling faults which require a reversion to higher minima.
Program usposabljanja mora vključevati urjenje ravnanja pri okvarah, ki zahtevajo prehod na višje minimume.
The training programme must include the handling of the aeroplane when, during a fail passive Category III approach, the fault causes the autopilot to disconnect at or below decision height when the last reported RVR is 300 m or less.
Program usposabljanja mora vključevati upravljanje letala, če povzroči okvara med priletom kategorije III s pri-okvari-pasivnim sistemom izključitev avtopilota na višini odločitve ali pod njo, ko je bil zadnji javljeni RVR 300 m ali manj.
Where take-offs are conducted in RVRs of 400 m and below, training must be established to cover systems failures and engine failure resulting in continued as well as rejected take-offs.
Kadar se vzleti izvajajo pri RVR 400 m in manj, mora usposabljanje vključevati okvare sistemov in motorjev, katerih posledica je lahko tako nadaljevanje kot prekinitev vzleta.
Conversion training requirements to conduct low visibility take-off and Category II and III operations.
Zahteve za konverzijsko usposabljanje za izvajanje vzletov pri zmanjšani vidljivosti in operacij kategorij II in III.
An operator shall ensure that each flight crew member completes the following low visibility procedures training if converting to a new type or variant of aeroplane in which low visibility take-off and Category II and III operations will be conducted.
Operator zagotovi, da vsak član letalske posadke opravi naslednje usposabljanje za postopke pri zmanjšani vidljivosti, če se preusmeri na nov tip ali različico letala, s katerim se bodo izvajali vzleti pri zmanjšani vidljivosti in operacije kategorij II in III.
The flight crew member experience requirements to undertake an abbreviated course are prescribed in subparagraphs (a)(2) and (a)(3).
Izkušnje, ki jih mora imeti član letalske posadke, da lahko opravi skrajšani tečaj, so predpisane v predhodnih pododstavkih (a)(2) in (a)(3):
The appropriate requirements prescribed in subparagraph (b), taking into account the flight crew member's Category II and Category III training and experience.
Ustrezne zahteve iz predhodnega pododstavka (b), ob upoštevanju usposabljanja in izkušenj člana letalske posadke za kategoriji II in III.
Flight simulator training and/or flight training.
Usposabljanje na simulatorju letenja in/ali usposabljanje med letom.
A minimum of eight approaches and/or landings in a flight simulator.
Najmanj osem priletov in/ali pristankov na simulatorju letenja.
Where no flight simulator is available to represent that specific aeroplane, a minimum of three approaches including at least one go-around is required on the aeroplane.
Če ni na voljo simulatorja letenja, ki bi predstavljal določeno letalo, se zahtevajo najmanj trije prileti z letalom, ki vključujejo vsaj en neuspeli prilet.
Appropriate additional training if any special equipment is required such as head-up displays or enhanced vision equipment.
Ustrezno dodatno usposabljanje, če se zahteva posebna oprema, kot so elektrooptični polprosojni zasloni ali oprema za izboljšanje vidnosti.
Flight crew qualification.
Usposobljenost letalske posadke.
The flight crew qualification requirements are specific to the operator and the type of aeroplane operated.
Zahteve glede usposobljenosti letalskih posadk so specifične glede na operatorja in tip letala, ki se uporablja.
The operator must ensure that each flight crew member completes a check before conducting Category II or III operations.
Operator mora zagotoviti, da vsak član letalske posadke opravi preverjanje, preden začne izvajati operacije kategorij II ali III.
The check prescribed in subparagraph (i) above may be replaced by successful completion of the simulator and/or flight training prescribed in subparagraph (d)(2).
Preverjanje iz predhodnega pododstavka (i) se lahko nadomesti z uspešno opravljenim usposabljanjem na simulatorju in/ali med letom iz predhodnega pododstavka (d)(2).
Line flying under supervision.
Linijsko letenje pod nadzorom.
An operator must ensure that each flight crew member undergoes the following line flying under supervision:
Operator mora zagotoviti, da vsak član letalske posadke opravi naslednje linijsko letenje pod nadzorom:
for Category II when a manual landing is required, a minimum of three landings from autopilot disconnect;
za kategorijo II, če se zahteva ročno pristajanje, najmanj tri pristanke po izključitvi avtopilota;
for Category III, a minimum of three auto lands except that only one auto land is required when the training required in subparagraph (d)(2) has been carried out in a flight simulator usable for zero flight time conversion.
za kategorijo III najmanj tri avtomatska pristajanja, vendar le eno avtomatsko pristajanje, če je usposabljanje iz predhodnega pododstavka (d)(2) potekalo na simulatorju letenja, ki se uporablja za konverzijo brez letenja na letalu.
Type and command experience.
Izkušnje na tipu in v vlogi vodje zrakoplova.
Before commencing Category II/III operations, the following additional requirements are applicable to commanders, or pilots to whom conduct of the flight has been delegated, who are new to the aeroplane type:
Preden začnejo izvajati operacije kategorij II/III, morajo vodje zrakoplovov ali piloti, katerim je bilo zaupano vodenje leta in so brez izkušenj na tipu letala, izpolniti naslednje dodatne zahteve:
50 hours or 20 sectors on the type, including line flying under supervision; and
50 ur ali 20 sektorjev na tipu, vključno z linijskim letenjem pod nadzorom; in
100 m must be added to the applicable Category II or Category III RVR minima unless previously qualified for Category II or III operations with an operator, until a total of 100 hours or 40 sectors, including line flying under supervision, has been achieved on the type.
Minimumom za RVR, ki se uporabljajo za kategoriji II ali III, je treba prišteti 100 m, razen če se niso že prej pri katerem koli operatorju usposobili za operacije kategorij II in III, dokler na tem tipu letala ne dosežejo skupaj 100 ur ali 40 sektorjev, vključno z linijskim letenjem pod nadzorom.
The Authority may authorise a reduction in the above command experience requirements for flight crew members who have Category II or Category III command experience.
Organ lahko odobri zmanjšanje prej navedenih zahtev glede izkušenj v vlogi vodje zrakoplova za člane letalske posadke, ki že imajo takšne izkušnje za kategoriji II ali III.
Low visibility take-off with RVR less than 150/200 m
Vzleti pri zmanjšani vidljivosti z RVR manj kot 150/200 m
An operator must ensure that prior to authorisation to conduct take-offs in RVRs below 150 m (below 200 m for Category D aeroplanes) the following training is carried out:
Operator mora zagotoviti, da se pred izdajo dovoljenja za izvajanje vzletov pri RVR pod 150 m (pod 200 m za letala kategorije D) opravi naslednje usposabljanje:
normal take-off in minimum authorised RVR conditions;
običajni vzlet pri najmanjših dovoljenih pogojih RVR;
take-off in minimum authorised RVR conditions with an engine failure between V1 and V2, or as soon as safety considerations permit; and
vzlet pri najmanjših dovoljenih pogojih RVR z okvaro enega motorja med V1 in V2 ali kakor hitro to dopuščajo varnostni vidiki; in
take-off in minimum authorised RVR conditions with an engine failure before V1 resulting in a rejected take-off.
vzlet pri najmanjših dovoljenih pogojih RVR z okvaro enega motorja pred V1, kar ima za posledico prekinjeni vzlet.
An operator must ensure that the training required by subparagraph (1) is carried out in a flight simulator.
Operator mora zagotoviti, da se usposabljanje iz predhodnega pododstavka (1) opravi na simulatorju letenja.
This training must include the use of any special procedures and equipment.
To usposabljanje mora vključevati uporabo vseh posebnih postopkov in opreme.
Where no flight simulator is available to represent that specific aeroplane, the Authority may approve such training in an aeroplane without the requirement for minimum RVR conditions (see Appendix 1 to OPS 1.965).
Če za določeno letalo ni na voljo simulatorja letenja, lahko Organ takšno usposabljanje dovoli na letalu, pri čemer ni treba izpolniti zahteve glede najmanjšega dovoljenega RVR (glej Dodatek 1 k OPS 1.965.)
An operator must ensure that a flight crew member has completed a check before conducting low visibility take-offs in RVRs of less than 150 m (less than 200 m for Category D aeroplanes) if applicable.
Operator mora zagotoviti, da član letalske posadke opravi preverjanje, preden začne izvajati vzlete pri zmanjšani vidljivosti z RVR manj kot 150 m (manj kot 200 m za letala kategorije D), če je ustrezno.
The check may only be replaced by successful completion of the simulator and/or flight training prescribed in subparagraph (f)(1) on conversion to an aeroplane type.
Pri prehodu na drug tip letala lahko preverjanje nadomesti samo uspešno opravljeno usposabljanje na simulatorju in/ali med letom iz pododstavka (f)(1).
Recurrent training and checking — low visibility operations
Periodično usposabljanje in preverjanje — Operacije pri zmanjšani vidljivosti
An operator must ensure that, in conjunction with the normal recurrent training and operator proficiency checks, a pilot's knowledge and ability to perform the tasks associated with the particular category of operation for which he/she is authorised is checked.
Operator mora zagotoviti, da se skupaj z običajnim periodičnim usposabljanjem in preverjanjem strokovnosti pilota pri operatorju, preverijo tudi pilotovo znanje in sposobnosti za izvajanje nalog, povezanih z določeno kategorijo operacije, za katero ima dovoljenje.
The required number of approaches within the validity period of the operator's proficiency check(as described in OPS 1.965(b)) is to be a minimum of three, one of which may be substituted by an approach and landing in the aeroplane using approved Category II and III procedures.
Zahtevano število priletov v času veljavnosti preverjanja strokovnosti pilota pri operatorju, (v skladu z OPS 1.965 (b)), mora znašati vsaj tri, od katerih se eden lahko nadomesti s priletom in pristankom z letalom, za katerega se uporabljajo odobreni postopki za kategoriji II in III.
One missed approach shall be flown during the conduct of the operator's proficiency check.
Med preverjanjem strokovnosti pilota pri operatorju se izvede en neuspel prilet.
If the operator is authorised to conduct take-off with RVR less than 150/200 m at least one LVTO to the lowest applicable minima shall be flown during the conduct of the operators proficiency check.
Če ima operator dovoljenje za izvajanje vzletov pri RVR manj kot 150/200 m, se med preverjanjem strokovnosti pilota pri operatorju izvede vsaj en LVTO pri najmanjših dovoljenih minimumih, ki se uporabljajo.
For Category III operations an operator must use a flight simulator.
Za operacije kategorije III mora operator uporabiti simulator letenja.
An operator must ensure that, for Category III operations on aeroplanes with a fail passive flight control system, a missed approach is completed at least once over the period of three consecutive operator proficiency checks as the result of an autopilot failure at or below decision height when the last reported RVR was 300 m or less.
Operator mora zagotoviti, da se za operacije kategorije III na letalih z uporabo pri-okvari-pasivnega sistema za krmiljenje letala vsaj enkrat v času treh zaporednih preverjanj strokovnosti pilota pri operatorju, izvede neuspeli prilet, ki je posledica okvare avtopilota na višini odločitve ali pod njo, ko je bil zadnji javljeni RVR 300 m ali manj.
The Authority may authorise recurrent training and checking for Category II and LVTO operations in an aeroplane type where no flight simulator to represent that specific aeroplane or an acceptable alternate is available.
Organ lahko dovoli periodično usposabljanje in preverjanje za operacije kategorije II in LVTO na tipu letala, če ni na voljo simulatorja letenja, ki bi predstavljal to letalo, ali sprejemljive druge možnosti.
Note: Recency for LTVO and Category II/III based upon automatic approaches and/or auto-lands is maintained by the recurrent training and checking as prescribed in this paragraph.
Opomba: Nedavne izkušnje za LVTO in kategoriji II/III, ki temeljijo na avtomatskih priletih in/ali avtomatskih pristankih, se vzdržuje s periodičnim usposabljanjem in preverjanjem v skladu s tem odstavkom.
Appendix 1 to OPS 1.455
Dodatek 1 k OPS 1.455
Low visibility operations — operating procedures
Operacije pri zmanjšani vidljivosti — Operativni postopki
Low visibility operations include:
Operacije pri zmanjšani vidljivosti vključujejo:
manual take-off (with or without electronic guidance systems);
ročni vzlet (z elektronskimi sistemi vodenja ali brez njih);
auto-coupled approach to below DH, with manual flare, landing and roll-out;
avtomatski prilet pod višino odločitve, z ročnim ravnanjem, pristajanjem in iztekom;
auto-coupled approach followed by auto-flare, auto landing and manual roll-out; and
avtomatski prilet, ki mu sledi avtomatsko ravnanje, avtomatski pristanek in ročni iztek; in
auto-coupled approach followed by auto-flare, auto landing and auto-roll-out, when the applicable RVR is less than 400 m.
avtomatski prilet, ki mu sledi avtomatsko ravnanje, avtomatsko pristajanje in avtomatski iztek, če je uporabljeni RVR manj kot 400 m.
Note 1: A hybrid system may be used with any of these modes of operations.
Opomba 1: S katerim koli od teh načinov izvajanja operacij se lahko uporabi hibridni sistem.
Note 2: Other forms of guidance systems or displays may be certificated and approved.
Opomba 2: Lahko se certificirajo in potrdijo druge oblike sistemov vodenja ali prikazovanja.
Procedures and operating instructions
Postopki in operativna navodila
The precise nature and scope of procedures and instructions given depend upon the airborne equipment used and the flight deck procedures followed.
Vrsta in obseg navedenih postopkov in navodil sta odvisna od uporabljene opreme letala in od postopkov v pilotski kabini. .
An operator must clearly define flight crew member duties during take-off, approach, flare, roll-out and missed approach in the operations manual.
Operator mora v operativnem priročniku jasno opredeliti dolžnosti članov letalske posadke med vzletom, priletom, ravnanjem, iztekom in neuspelim priletom.