natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
That this Recommendation also be used as an instrument to encourage dialogue at all governance levels among policy makers, researchers, industry, ethics committees, civil society organisations and society at large with a view to increasing understanding and involvement by the general public in the development of new technologies.
To poročilo se uporablja tudi kot instrument za spodbujanje dialoga med oblikovalci politike, raziskovalci, podjetji, odbori za etiko, organizacijami civilne družbe in družbo na splošno na vseh ravneh vodenja, da bi bila splošna javnost bolje poučena o razvoju novih tehnologij in bi bila pri njem bolj vključena.
That the Member States inform the Commission by 30 June 2008 and annually thereafter of any measures they have taken further to this Recommendation, inform it of the first results of its application and provide good practices.
Države članice Komisijo do 30. junija 2008 in pozneje na letni osnovi obvestijo o vseh ukrepih, ki so jih sprejele na podlagi tega priporočila, in o prvih rezultatih njegove uporabe ter navedejo dobre prakse.
EGE Opinion No 21, 17 January 2007.
Mnenje EGE št. 21, 17.1.2007.
SCENIHR/002/05, 10 March 2006.
SCENIHR/002/05, 10.3.2006.
Code of Conduct for responsible nanosciences and nanotechnologies research
Kodeks ravnanja za odgovorno raziskovanje na področju nanoznanosti in nanotehnologije
This Code of Conduct provides Member States, employers, research funders, researchers and more generally all individuals and civil society organisations involved or interested in nanosciences and nanotechnologies (N&N) research (all stakeholders) with guidelines favouring a responsible and open approach to N&N research in the Community.
Ta kodeks ravnanja državam članicam, delodajalcem, vlagateljem v raziskave, raziskovalcem ter z bolj splošnega vidika vsem posameznikom in organizacijam civilne družbe, ki sodelujejo pri raziskavah na področju nanoznanosti in nanotehnologij (N&N) ali se zanje zanimajo („vse zainteresirane strani“), zagotavlja smernice, ki spodbujajo odgovoren in odprt pristop do raziskav na področju N&N v Skupnosti.
The Code of Conduct is complementary to existing regulations.
Kodeks ravnanja dopolnjuje obstoječe predpise.
It does not limit or otherwise affect the possibilities of Member States to grant a wider measure of protection with regard to N&N research than is stipulated in this Code of Conduct.
Ne omejuje ali kako drugače vpliva na možnosti držav članic, da uvedejo višjo raven varstva v zvezi z raziskavami na področju N&N od tiste, ki je določena v temu kodeksu ravnanja.
Stakeholders who adhere to this Code of Conduct should also be inspired, where applicable, by the principles set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.
Zainteresirane strani, ki uporabljajo ta kodeks ravnanja, po potrebi upoštevajo tudi načela, določena v Listini Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah.
The Code of Conduct will be regularly monitored and revised every two years by the Commission in order to take into account developments in N&N worldwide and their integration in European society.
Kodeks ravnanja bo Komisija redno spremljala in pregledala na vsaki dve leti, da bi se upoštevala svetovni razvoj na področju N&N in njihova vključitev v evropsko družbo.
Scope and aim
Področje uporabe in namen
The Code of Conduct invites all stakeholders to act responsibly and cooperate with each other, in line with the N&N Strategy and Action Plan of the Commission, in order to ensure that N&N research is undertaken in the Community in a safe, ethical and effective framework, supporting sustainable economic, social and environmental development.
Kodeks ravnanja poziva vse zainteresirane strani, da v skladu s strategijo in akcijskim načrtom Komisije za N&N odgovorno ravnajo in medsebojno sodelujejo za zagotovitev, da se raziskave na področju N&N v Skupnosti izvajajo v okviru varnih, etičnih in učinkovitih načel, ki spodbujajo trajnostni gospodarski, družbeni in okoljski razvoj.
The Code of Conduct covers all N&N research activities undertaken in the European Research Area.
Kodeks ravnanja vključuje vse raziskovalne dejavnosti na področju N&N, ki se izvajajo v Evropskem raziskovalnem prostoru.
The Code of Conduct is voluntary.
Upoštevanje kodeksa ravnanja je prostovoljno.
It offers a set of general principles and guidelines for actions to be taken by all N&N stakeholders.
Kodeks ravnanja vsebuje sklop splošnih načel in smernic za ukrepe, ki jih morajo sprejeti vse zainteresirane strani na področju N&N.
It should facilitate and underpin the regulatory and non-regulatory approaches outlined in the 2005-09 N&N Action Plan for Europe, improving the implementation of current regulation and coping with scientific uncertainties.
Olajšal in okrepil naj bi regulativne in neregulativne pristope iz akcijskega načrta za Evropo na področju N&N za obdobje 2005–2009 ter tako izboljšal izvajanje obstoječih predpisov in soočanje z znanstvenimi negotovostmi.
The Code of Conduct should also be a European basis for dialogue with third countries and international organisations.
Prav tako bi moral predstavljati evropski temelj za dialog s tretjimi državami in mednarodnimi organizacijami.
For the purpose of the Code of Conduct, the following definitions apply:
V kodeksu ravnanja se uporabljajo naslednje opredelitve pojmov:
Nano-objects: in the absence of recognised international terminology the generic term of ‘nano-object’ is used throughout the Code of Conduct to designate products resulting from N&N research.
„Nanopredmeti“: ker priznana mednarodna terminologija ne obstaja, se splošen pojem „nanopredmet“ v celotnem kodeksu ravnanja uporablja za označevanje proizvodov, ki nastanejo na podlagi raziskav v zvezi z N&N.
It includes nanoparticles and their aggregation at nanoscale, nano-systems, nano-materials, nano-structured materials and nano-products.
Vključuje nanodelce in njihovo agregacijo na nano ravni, nanosisteme, nanomateriale, nanostrukturne materiale in nanoproizvode.
N&N research: in the broadest sense understood here, N&N research encompasses all research activities dealing with matter at the nanometric scale (1 to 100 nm).
„Raziskave na področju N&N“: pojem v najširšem smislu zajema vse raziskovalne dejavnosti, ki se ukvarjajo s snovjo na nano ravni (1 do 100 nm).
It includes all man-made nano-objects be they engineered or involuntarily generated.
Vključuje vse pridobljene ali naključno ustvarjene nanopredmete, ki jih je izdelal človek.
Naturally occurring nano-objects are excluded from the scope of the Code of Conduct.
Naravno nastali nanopredmeti so izključeni iz področja uporabe kodeksa ravnanja.
N&N research encompasses research activities from the most fundamental research to applied research, technology development and pre- and co-normative research underpinning scientific advice, standards and regulations.
Raziskave na področju N&N vključujejo raziskovalne dejavnosti, od temeljnih raziskav do uporabnih raziskav, tehnološki razvoj ter predhodne in vzporedne normativne raziskave, na katerih temeljijo znanstveni nasveti, standardi in predpisi.
N&N stakeholders: Member States, employers, research funders, researchers and more generally all individuals and civil society organisations engaged, involved or interested in N&N research.
„Zainteresirane strani na področju N&N“: države članice, delodajalci, vlagatelji v raziskave, raziskovalci ter z bolj splošnega vidika vsi posamezniki in organizacije civilne družbe, ki izvajajo raziskave na področju N&N, sodelujejo pri njih ali se zanje zanimajo.
Civil society organisations: In the context of the Code of Conduct, civil society organisations are considered to be any legal entity that is non-governmental, not-for-profit, not representing commercial interests, and pursuing a common purpose in the public interest.
„Organizacije civilne družbe“: v kodeksu ravnanja organizacije civilne družbe pomenijo vse nevladne, neprofitne pravne subjekte, ki ne predstavljajo komercialnega interesa in si prizadevajo za skupni cilj v javnem interesu.
This Code of Conduct is based on a set of general principles which call for actions aimed at guaranteeing their respect by all stakeholders.
Ta kodeks ravnanja temelji na sklopu splošnih načel, ki zahtevajo ukrepe za zagotovitev, da jih vse zainteresirane strani upoštevajo.
N&N research activities should be comprehensible to the public.
Raziskovalne dejavnosti na področju N&N morajo biti razumljive za javnost.
They should respect fundamental rights and be conducted in the interest of the well-being of individuals and society in their design, implementation, dissemination and use.
Upoštevati morajo temeljne pravice, njihovo načrtovanje, izvajanje, razširjanje in uporaba pa morajo biti v interesu dobrega počutja posameznikov in družbe.
N&N research activities should be safe, ethical and contribute to sustainable development serving the sustainability objectives of the Community as well as contributing to the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals [1].
Raziskovalne dejavnosti na področju N&N morajo biti varne in etične ter morajo prispevati k trajnostnem razvoju, kar ustreza trajnostnim ciljem Skupnosti in prispeva k razvojnim ciljem tisočletja Združenih narodov [1].
They should not harm or create a biological, physical or moral threat to people, animals, plants or the environment, at present or in the future.3.3. Precaution
Niti zdaj niti v prihodnosti ne smejo škodovati ali predstavljati biološko, fizično ali moralno grožnjo ljudem, živalim, rastlinam ali okolju.3.3 Previdnostni ukrepi
N&N research activities should be conducted in accordance with the precautionary principle, anticipating potential environmental, health and safety impacts of N&N outcomes and taking due precautions, proportional to the level of protection, while encouraging progress for the benefit of society and the environment.
Raziskovalne dejavnosti na področju N&N je treba izvajati v skladu s previdnostnim načelom, tj. s predvidevanjem možnih okoljskih, zdravstvenih in varnostnih vplivov njihovih rezultatov in s sprejetjem ustreznih previdnostnih ukrepov, sorazmernih s stopnjo varstva, ki hkrati spodbujajo napredek v korist družbe in okolja.
Inclusiveness
Vključenost
Governance of N&N research activities should be guided by the principles of openness to all stakeholders, transparency and respect for the legitimate right of access to information.
Pri vodenju raziskovalnih dejavnosti na področju N&N je treba upoštevati načela odprtosti za vse zainteresirane strani, preglednosti in spoštovanja zakonite pravice do dostopa do informacij.
It should allow the participation in decision-making processes of all stakeholders involved in or concerned by N&N research activities.
Vsem zainteresiranim stranem, ki sodelujejo pri raziskovalnih dejavnostih na področju N&N ali jih te dejavnosti zadevajo, je treba omogočiti sodelovanje v postopkih odločanja.
Excellence
Odličnost
N&N research activities should meet the best scientific standards, including standards underpinning the integrity of research and standards relating to Good Laboratory Practices [2].
Raziskovalne dejavnosti na področju N&N morajo ustrezati najboljšim znanstvenim standardom, vključno s standardi, ki zagotavljajo celovitost raziskav, in standardi v zvezi z dobro laboratorijsko prakso [2].
Governance of N&N research activities should encourage maximum creativity, flexibility and planning ability for innovation and growth.
Pri vodenju raziskovalnih dejavnosti na področju N&N je treba v največji možni meri spodbujati ustvarjalnost, prožnost in sposobnost načrtovanja za inovacije in rast.
Researchers and research organisations should remain accountable for the social, environmental and human health impacts that their N&N research may impose on present and future generations.
Raziskovalci in raziskovalne organizacije morajo ostati odgovorni za morebitne posledice za družbo, okolje in človekovo zdravje, ki lahko zaradi njihovih raziskav na področju N&N nastanejo za sedanje in prihodnje generacije.
Guidelines on actions to be taken
Smernice za ukrepe, ki jih je treba sprejeti
The guidelines set out in this point are based on the set of general principles described in point 3.
Smernice, določene v tej točki, temeljijo na sklopu splošnih načel, opisanih v točki 3.
They are meant to give guidance on how to achieve good governance, due respect for precaution, as well as wide dissemination and good monitoring of the Code of Conduct.
Njihov namen je dati navodila za zagotovitev dobrega vodenja, ustreznega upoštevanja previdnostnega načela, obsežnega razširjanja in učinkovitega spremljanja kodeksa ravnanja.
The main responsibilities for action are indicated below, but all N&N stakeholders should contribute to their implementation as much as possible within the scope of their own remit.
Glavni odgovorni za ukrepe so navedeni spodaj, vendar pa bi morale vse zainteresirane strani na področju N&N glede na svoje pristojnosti v največji možni meri prispevati k izvajanju smernic.
Good governance of N&N research
Dobro vodenje raziskav na področju N&N
Good governance of N&N research should take into account the need and desire of all stakeholders to be aware of the specific challenges and opportunities raised by N&N.
Pri dobrem vodenju raziskav na področju N&N je treba upoštevati potrebo in željo vseh zainteresiranih strani, da se jih obvešča o posebnih izzivih in možnostih, ki jih prinašajo N&N.
A general culture of responsibility should be created in view of challenges and opportunities that may be raised in the future and that we cannot at present foresee.
Razviti je treba splošno kulturo odgovornosti v zvezi z izzivi in možnostmi, ki bi se lahko pojavili v prihodnosti in ki jih trenutno ne moremo predvideti.
Member States should cooperate with the Commission in order to maintain an open and pluralistic forum for discussion on N&N research at Community level as a means to stimulate the societal debate about N&N research, encouraging the identification and discussion of concerns and hopes and facilitating the emergence of possible initiatives and solutions.
Države članice morajo sodelovati s Komisijo, da bi se ohranil odprt in pluralističen forum za razpravo o raziskavah na področju N&N na ravni Skupnosti kot sredstvo za spodbujanje družbene razprave o raziskavah na področju N&N s spodbujanjem opredelitve bojazni in upanj ter razprave o njih in z omogočitvijo lažjega oblikovanja pobud in rešitev.
Accordingly, Member States should enhance communication on benefits, risks and uncertainties related to N&N research.
Zato morajo države članice izboljšati komunikacijo o koristih, tveganjih in negotovostih v zvezi z raziskavami na področju N&N.
Specific attention should be paid to the younger and older members of the population.
Posebno pozornost je treba nameniti mlajšemu in starejšemu delu prebivalstva.
With due respect for intellectual property rights, Member States, N&N research funding bodies, research organisations and researchers are encouraged to make easily accessible and understandable by lay people as well as by the scientific community all N&N scientific knowledge as well as related information such as relevant standards, references, labels, research on impacts, regulations and laws.
Države članice, organe, pristojne za financiranje raziskav na področju N&N, raziskovalne organizacije in raziskovalce se spodbuja, da ob ustreznem upoštevanju pravic intelektualne lastnine zagotovijo, da bodo nepoznavalci in znanstvena skupnost imeli lažji dostop do celotnega znanstvenega znanja v zvezi z N&N in s tem povezanimi informacijami, kot so zadevni standardi, reference, oznake, raziskave o učinkih, zakoni in drugi predpisi, ter da bodo to znanje in informacije razumeli.
Member States should encourage private and public sector laboratories to share best practices in N&N research, with due respect for the protection of intellectual property.
Države članice morajo spodbujati laboratorije v zasebnem in javnem sektorju k izmenjavi najboljših praks pri raziskavah na področju N&N, ob ustreznem upoštevanju pravic intelektualne lastnine.
N&N research organisations and researchers should ensure that scientific data and results are duly peer-reviewed before being widely disseminated outside the scientific community in order to ensure their clarity and balanced presentation.
Organizacije in raziskovalci, ki se ukvarjajo z raziskavami na področju N&N, morajo zagotoviti, da se znanstveni podatki in rezultati ustrezno strokovno ocenijo, preden se jih razširi zunaj znanstvene skupnosti, da se zagotovi njihova jasnost in ustrezna predstavitev.
Given its potential, Member States and N&N research organisations should ensure that N&N research is conducted at the highest level of scientific integrity.
Glede na potencial raziskav na področju N&N morajo države članice in organizacije, ki se ukvarjajo z raziskavami na področju N&N, te raziskave voditi na najvišji ravni znanstvene celovitosti.
Questionable N&N research practices (not limited to plagiarism, falsification and fabrication of data) should be fought as they may entail risks for health, safety and the environment, raise public distrust and slow down the dissemination of benefits from research.
Vprašljive prakse raziskav na področju N&N (ki niso omejene le na plagiatorstvo, ponarejanje in prirejanje podatkov) je treba preprečiti, saj bi lahko predstavljale tveganje za zdravje, varnost in okolje, privedle do javnega nezaupanja in upočasnile razširjanje ugodnosti, ki bi nastale zaradi raziskav.
Individuals signalling impropriety in research should be protected by their employers and national or regional laws.
Posameznike, ki opozorijo na nepravilnosti pri raziskavah, bi morali njihovi delodajalci ter nacionalna ali regionalna zakonodaja zaščititi.
Member States should ensure that appropriate human and financial resources are dedicated to the application of existing laws and regulations applicable to N&N research.
Države članice morajo zagotoviti, da se ustrezni človeški in finančni viri namenijo uporabi obstoječih zakonov in drugih predpisov, ki veljajo za raziskave na področju N&N.
Organisations performing N&N research activities should demonstrate transparently that they comply with relevant regulations.
Organizacije, ki se ukvarjajo z raziskovalnimi dejavnostmi na področju N&N, morajo na pregleden način dokazati, da upoštevajo zadevne predpise.
National and local ethics committees and competent authorities should evaluate the manner of applying ethical review requirements to dual-use nanotechnology research.
Nacionalni in lokalni odbori za etiko ter pristojni organi morajo oceniti, na kakšen način bi se morale zahteve po etični presoji uporabljati za raziskave v zvezi z dvonamensko nanotehnologijo.
They should notably address the fundamental rights implications of any possible restrictions on informed consent and the publication of research results related to human health.
Proučiti morajo zlasti posledice vseh morebitnih omejitev v zvezi s prostovoljnim soglasjem in objavo rezultatov raziskav o človekovem zdravju za temeljne pravice.
Favouring an inclusive approach
Spodbujanje vključujočega pristopa
The broad directions of N&N research should be decided in an inclusive manner, allowing all stakeholders to enrich the preliminary discussions on these directions.
O splošnih smernicah za raziskave na področju N&N se je treba odločati na vključujoč način, na podlagi katerega vse zainteresirane strani lahko prispevajo k predhodnim razpravam o teh smernicah.
Member States, N&N research funding bodies, research organisations and researchers are encouraged to consider, at the earliest stages and through participatory foresight exercises, the future implications of technologies or objects being researched.
Države članice, organe, pristojne za financiranje raziskav na področju N&N, raziskovalne organizacije in raziskovalce se spodbuja, da kar najhitreje in s skupnimi prizadevanji proučijo prihodnje posledice tehnologij ali predmetov, ki se jih raziskuje.
This could allow the development of solutions to meet potential negative impacts caused by the use of a new object or technology at a later stage.
S tem se bo omogočil razvoj rešitev za soočanje z morebitnimi negativnimi učinki uporabe novih predmetov ali tehnologij, ki bi se lahko pojavili pozneje.
Consultations with relevant ethics committees should be part of such foresight exercises as appropriate.
Del takšnih prizadevanj bi morala po potrebi biti posvetovanja z zadevnimi odbori za etiko.
N&N research itself should be open to contributions from all stakeholders who should be informed and supported so that they can take an active part in the research activities, within the scope of their mission and mandate.
Same raziskave na področju N&N morajo biti odprte za prispevke vseh zainteresiranih strani, ki jih je treba obveščati in podpirati, da lahko v okviru svojih nalog in pooblastil aktivno sodelujejo pri raziskovalnih dejavnostih.
Research authorities and standardisation bodies should endeavour to adopt N&N standard terminology to facilitate the communication of scientific evidence.
Za raziskave pristojni organi in organi za standardizacijo si morajo prizadevati za sprejetje standardne terminologije v zvezi z N&N, da bi omogočili lažje sporočanje znanstvenih podatkov.
They should encourage standard measurement procedures as well as the use of appropriate reference materials in order to improve comparability of scientific data.
Spodbujati morajo standardne postopke merjenja in uporabo ustreznega referenčnega gradiva, da bi izboljšali primerljivost znanstvenih podatkov.
N&N research funding bodies should devote an appropriate part of N&N research to the development of methods and tools for risk assessment, the refinement of metrology at nano-scale and standardisation activities.
Organi, pristojni za financiranje raziskav na področju N&N, morajo ustrezen del raziskav na področju N&N nameniti razvoju metod in orodij za oceno tveganja, izpopolnitev meroslovja na nano ravni in dejavnosti standardizacije.
In this context, particular attention should be paid to developing methods to assess the risk of second-generation, active nano-structures.
V zvezi s tem je treba posebno pozornost nameniti razvoju metod za oceno tveganja aktivnih nanostruktur druge generacije.
Member States, N&N research funding bodies and organisations should encourage fields of N&N research with the broadest possible positive impact.
Države članice, organi in organizacije, pristojni za financiranje raziskav na področju N&N, morajo spodbujati področja raziskav v zvezi z N&N z največjimi možnimi pozitivnimi učinki.
A priority should be given to research aiming to protect the public and the environment, consumers or workers and aiming to reduce, refine or replace animal experimentation.
Prednost je treba dati raziskavam, namenjenim varstvu javnosti, okolja, potrošnikov in delavcev ter zmanjšanju, izboljšanju ali odpravi testiranja na živalih.
N&N research funding bodies should carry out and publish balanced assessments, based on best available scientific data, of the potential costs, risks, and benefits of research areas eligible for funding.
Organi, pristojni za financiranje raziskav na področju N&N, morajo na podlagi najboljših razpoložljivih znanstvenih podatkov izvajati uravnotežene ocene morebitnih stroškov, tveganj in koristi raziskovalnih področij, upravičenih do financiranja, ter jih objaviti.
Prohibition, restrictions or limitations
Prepovedi in omejitve
N&N research funding bodies should not fund research in areas which could involve the violation of fundamental rights or fundamental ethical principles, at either the research or development stages (e.g. artificial viruses with pathogenic potentials).
Organi, pristojni za financiranje raziskav na področju N&N, ne smejo financirati raziskav na področjih, pri katerih bi lahko prišlo do kršitev temeljnih pravic ali temeljnih etičnih načel na raziskovalni ali razvojni stopnji (npr. sintetični virusi s patogenimi potenciali).