natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
water quality within test vessels: pH, hardness, temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration,
kakovost vode v preskusnih posodah: pH-vrednost, trdota, temperatura in koncentracija raztopljenega kisika,
detailed information on feeding, (e.g. type of food(s), source, amount given and frequency).
podrobni podatki o hranjenju (npr. vrsta hrane, vir, dana količina in pogostost).
evidence that controls met the validity criterion for survival, and data on mortalities occurring in any of the test concentrations,
dokazi, da so kontrole izpolnjevale merilo preživetja za veljavnost, in podatki o smrtnosti v kateri koli od preskusnih koncentracij,
statistical analytical techniques used, statistics based on replicates or fish, treatment of data and justification of techniques used,
uporabljene statistične analitske tehnike, statistika, ki temelji na ponovitvah ali ribah, obdelava podatkov in upravičenost uporabljenih tehnik,
tabulated data on individual and mean fish weights on days 0, 14 (if measured) and 28 values of tank-average or pseudo specific growth rates (as appropriate) for the periods 0-28 days or possibly 0-14 and 14-28,
tabelaričen prikaz podatkov o posameznih in srednjih težah rib v dnevih 0, 14 (če so bile merjene) in 28, vrednosti povprečne stopnje rasti v bazenu ali psevdo-specifične stopnje rasti (kakor je ustrezno) za obdobje od 0–28 dni ali po možnosti od 0–14 dni in od 14–28 dni,
results of the statistical analysis (i.e. regression analysis or ANOVA) preferably in tabular and graphical form and the LOEC (p = 0,05) and the NOEC or ECx with, when possible, standard errors, as appropriate,
rezultati statistične analize (t.j. regresijske analize ali ANOVA), po možnosti v tabelarični in grafični obliki in LOEC (p = 0,05) in NOEC ali ECX, če je mogoče s standardnimi napakami,
incidence of any unusual reactions by the fish and any visible effects produced by the test substance.
pojav kakršnih koli neobičajnih reakcij rib in kakršnih koli vidnih učinkov, ki jih povzroči preskusna snov.
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Chemosphere, 14, str. 1855–1870.
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Safety, 21, p. 157-164.
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Aquatic Toxicology and Hazard Assessment: Eighth Symposium, ASTM STP 891, R C Bahner and D J Hansen, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, str. 328–338.
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Biometrics 28, str. 510–531.
FISH SPECIES RECOMMENDED FOR TESTING AND SUITABLE TEST CONDITIONS
PRIPOROČENE VRSTE RIB ZA PRESKUŠANJE IN USTREZNI POGOJI PRESKUŠANJA
Recommended test temperature range
Priporočen razpon preskusne temperature
Photoperiod
Fotoperioda
Recommended range for initial fish weight
Priporočen razpon začetne teže rib
Test duration (days)
Gostota rib
to nearest 100 mg
Zaokrožanje na najbližjih 100 mg
Dry propietary salmonid fry food
Suha hrana zaščitene znamke za salmonidne mladice
Other well documented species:
Druge dobro dokumentirane vrste:
zebrafish
cebrica
to nearest 1 mg
Zaokrožanje na najbližji 1 mg
Live food (Brachionus Artemia)
Živa hrana (Brachionus Artemid)
ricefish (Medaka)
medaka
Logarithmic series of concentrations suitable for toxicity test (9)
Logaritmične serije koncentracij, primerne za preskus toksičnosti (9)
Column (Number of concentrations between 100 and 10, or between 10 and 1) [1]
Stolpec (število koncentracij med 100 in 10, ali med 10 in 1) [1]
A series of five (or more) successive concentrations may be chosen from a column.
Iz stolpca se lahko izbere serija petih (ali več) zaporednih koncentracij.
Mid-points between concentrations in column (x) are found in column (2x + 1).
Vmesne vrednosti med koncentracijami v stolpcu (x) so v stolpcu (2x + 1).
The values listed can represent concentrations expressed as percentage per volume or weight (mg/l or μg/l).
Navedene vrednosti lahko predstavljajo koncentracije, izražene v odstotkih na prostornino ali težo (mg/l ali μg/l).
Values can be multiplied or divided by any power of 10 as appropriate.
Vrednosti se lahko množijo ali delijo s katero koli potenco števila 10, kot je ustrezno.
Column 1 might be used if there was considerable uncertainty on the toxicity level.
Stolpec 1 se lahko uporabi, če je ugotovljena znatna negotovost stopnje toksičnosti.
This short-term toxicity test method is a replicate of the OECD TG 212 (1998).
Ta metoda preskušanja kratkotrajne toksičnosti ustreza metodi OECD TG 212 (1998).
This short-term toxicity test on Fish Embryo and Sac-Fry stages is a short-term test in which the life stages from the newly fertilised egg to the end of the sac-fry stage are exposed.
Ta preskus kratkotrajne toksičnosti na ribjih embriih in mladicah s hranilnim mešičkom je kratkotrajni preskus, pri katerem se izpostavijo življenjski stadiji od novo oplojene ikre do konca stadija mladice z rumenjakovo vrečko.
No feeding is provided in the embryo and sac-fry test, and the test should thus be terminated while the sac-fry are still nourished from the yolk-sac.
Pri preskusu na embriih in mladicah z rumenjakovo vrečko ni predvideno hranjenje, zato se mora preskus končati, ko se mladica še hrani iz hranilnega mešička.
The test is intended to define lethal, and to a limited extent, sub-lethal effects of chemicals on the specific stages and species tested.
Preskus je namenjen za določanje smrtnih in, delno, subletalnih učinkov kemikalij na posamezni preskušani stadij in vrsto.
This test would provide useful information in that is could (a) form a bridge between lethal and sub-lethal tests, (b) be used as a screening test for either a Full Early Life Stage test or for chronic toxicity tests and (c) be used for testing species where husbandry techniques are not sufficiently advanced to cover the period of change from endogenous to exogenous feeding.
S tem preskusom se lahko pridobi koristne informacije, ker lahko (a) vzpostavi most med letalnimi in subletalnimi preskusi, (b) se uporabi kot presejalni preskus bodisi za popolni preskus zgodnjega razvojnega stadija ali za preskuse kronične toksičnosti in (c) se uporabi za preskušanje vrst, kjer tehnike gojitve rib niso dovolj razvite, da bi pokrile obdobje prehoda od endogenega do eksogenega hranjenja.
It should be borne in mind that only tests incorporating all stages of the life-cycle of fish are generally liable to give an accurate estimate of the chronic toxicity of chemicals to fish, and that any reduced exposure with respect to life stages may reduce the sensitivity and thus underestimate the chronic toxicity.
Ne smemo pozabiti, da na splošno lahko dajo točno oceno kronične toksičnosti kemikalij za ribe le preskusi, ki vključujejo vse razvojne stadije rib, in da lahko vsaka omejitev izpostavljenosti, glede življenskih stadijev, zmanjša občutljivost in tako podceni kronično toksičnost.
Prior to the publication of this test, most experience with this embryo and sac-fry test has been with the freshwater fish Danio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan (Teleostei, Cyprinidae — common name zebrafish).
Pred objavo tega preskusa, je bilo največ izkušenj s tem preskusom na embriih in mladicah s hranilnim mešičkom pri sladkovodni ribi Danio rerio, Hamilton-Buchanan (Teleostei, Cyprinidae – cebrica).
More detailed guidance on test performance for this species is therefore given in Appendix 1.
Zato so v Dodatku 1 podrobnejši napotki za izvedbo preskusa na tej vrsti.
This does not preclude the use of other species for which experience is also available (Table 1).
To ne izključuje uporabe drugih vrst, s katerimi imamo tudi že izkušnje (Tabela 1).
Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC): is the lowest tested concentration of a test substance at which the substance is observed to have a significant effect (at p < 0,05) when compared with the control.
Najnižja koncentracija z opaznim učinkom (lowest observed effect concentration – LOEC): je najnižja preskušena koncentracija preskusne snovi, pri kateri je bilo opaženo, da ima snov pomemben učinek (pri p < 0,05) v primerjavi s kontrolo.
No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC): is the test concentration immediately below the LOEC.
Koncentracija brez opaznih učinkov (no observed effect concentration – NOEC): je preskusna koncentracija tik pod LOEC.
The embryo and sac-fry stages of fish are exposed to a range of concentrations of the test substance dissolved in water.
Embrionalni stadij in stadij mladice s hranilnim mešičkom se izpostavita nizu koncentracij preskusne snovi, raztopljene v vodi.
Within the protocol a choice is possible between a semi-static and a flow-through procedure.
V okviru protokola je možna izbira med semi-statičnim in pretočnim postopkom.
The choice depends on the nature of the test substance.
Izbira je odvisna od narave preskusne snovi.
The test is begun by placing fertilised eggs in the test chambers and is terminated just before the yolk-sac of any larvae in any of the test chambers has been completely absorbed or before mortalities by starvation start in controls.
Preskus se začne tako, da se oplojene ikre položijo v preskusne komore, in se konča tik preden je hranilni mešiček katere koli ličinke v kateri koli preskusni komori povsem absorbiran ali preden začnejo osebki kontrole umirati od lakote.
Lethal and sub-lethal effects are assessed and compared with control values to determine the lowest observed effect concentration and hence the no observed effect concentration.
Smrtni in subletalni učinki se ocenjujejo in primerjajo s kontrolnimi vrednostmi, da se določi najnižja koncentracija z opaznim učinkom in iz tega koncentracija brez opaznih učinkov. Druga možnost je, da se jih analizira z uporabo regresijskega modela, da se oceni koncentracija, ki povzroči dani odstotek učinka (t.j.
Alternatively, they may be analysed using a regression model in order to estimate the concentration that would cause a given percentage effect (i.e. LC/ECx, where x is a defined % effect).
LC/ECX, kjer je x določen % učinka).
Results of an acute toxicity test (see Method C. 1) preferably performed with the species chosen for this test, should be available.
Na voljo bi morali biti rezultati preskusa akutne toksičnosti (glej preskusno metodo C.1), ki je bil po možnosti izveden na vrsti, izbrani za ta preskus.
The results may be useful in selecting an appropriate range of test concentrations in the early life stages test.
Rezultati so lahko uporabni pri izbiri ustreznega obsega preskusnih koncentracij pri preskusu na zgodnjih razvojnih stadijih.
Water solubility (including solubility in the test water) and the vapour pressure of the test substance should be known.
Znana morata biti topnost v vodi (vključno s topnostjo v preskusni vodi) in parni tlak preskusne snovi.
A reliable analytical method for the quantification of the substance in the test solutions with known and reported accuracy and limit of detection should be available.
Na voljo mora biti zanesljiva analitska metoda za določitev količine snovi v preskusnih raztopinah z znano in izpričano točnostjo in mejo detekcije.
Information on the test substance which is useful in establishing the test conditions includes the structural formula, purity of the substance, stability in light, stability under the conditions of the test, pKa, Pow and results of a test for ready biodegradability (see Method C. 4).
Podatki o preskusni snovi, uporabni pri določanju preskusnih pogojev, vključujejo strukturno formulo, čistost snovi, stabilnost na svetlobi, stabilnost v preskusnih pogojih, pKa, Pow in rezultate preskusov za lahko biorazgradljivost (glej preskusno metodo C.4).
For a test to be valid, the following conditions apply:
Za veljavnost preskusa veljajo naslednji pogoji:
overall survival of fertilised eggs in the controls and where relevant, in the solvent-only vessels must be greater than or equal to the limits defined in Appendices 2 and 3
celotno število preživelih oplojenih iker v kontrolah in kadar je primerno, v posodah, kjer je samo topilo, mora biti večje ali enako mejnim vrednostim, določenih v Dodatkih 2 in 3, ali njim enako,
the dissolved oxygen concentration must be between 60 and 100 % of the air saturation value (ASV) throughout the test
koncentracija raztopljenega kisika mora biti ves čas preskusa med 60 in 100 % nasičenostjo zraka (ASV),
the water temperature must not differ by more than ±1,5 oC between test chambers or between successive days at any time during the test and should be within the temperature ranges specified for the test species (Appendices 2 and 3).
razlika v temperaturi vode v različnih preskusnih komorah ali v zaporednih dneh med preskusom nikoli ne sme biti večja od ±1,5 oC in jo je treba ohranjati znotraj temperaturnih razponov, ki so določeni za preskusno vrsto (Dodatka 2 in 3).
Test chambers
Preskusne komore
Any glass or other chemically inert vessels can be used.
Uporabijo se lahko kakršne koli steklene ali druge kemijsko inertne posode.
The dimensions of the vessels should be large enough to allow compliance with the loading rate (see Section 1.7.1.2).
Posode morajo biti dovolj velike, da omogočajo skladnost s stopnjo obremenitve (glej poglavje 1.7.1.2).
It is recommended that test chambers be randomly positioned in the test area.
Priporočljivo je, da se preskusne komore naključno postavijo v območje, kjer poteka preskus.
A randomised block design with each treatment being present in each block is preferable to a completely randomised design when there are systematic effects in the laboratory that can be controlled using blocking.
Kadar so v laboratoriju sistematični učinki, ki se jih lahko kontrolira z uporabo razdelitve v bloke, se bolj kot povsem naključni načrt priporoča uporaba načrta naključnih blokov, pri čemer se v vsakem bloku izvajajo vsa tretiranja.
Blocking, if used, should be taken account of in the subsequent data analysis.
Če se uporablja razdelitev v bloke, je to treba upoštevati pri poznejši analizi podatkov.
The test chambers should be shielded from unwanted disturbance.
Preskusne komore morajo biti zaščitene pred neželenimi motnjami.
Selection of fish species
Izbira vrst
Recommended fish species are given in Table 1A.
Priporočljive ribje vrste so navedene v Tabeli 1A.
This does not preclude the use of other species (examples are given in Table 1B), but the test procedure may have to be adapted to provide suitable test conditions.
To ne izključuje uporabe drugih vrst (primeri so navedeni v Tabeli 1B), vendar bo morda treba temu prilagoditi preskusni postopek, da se zagotovijo primerni preskusni pogoji.
Holding of the brood fish
Vzdrževanje plemenskih rib
Details on holding the brood stock under satisfactory conditions may be found in OECD TG 210 and in references (2)(3)(4)(5)(6).1.6.4.
Podrobnosti o vzdrževanju plemenskih rib v zadovoljivih pogojih lahko najdemo v OECD TG 210 in v literaturi (2) (3) (4) (5) (6).
Handling of embryos and larvae
Ravnanje z embrii in ličinkami
Embryos and larvae may be exposed, within the main vessel, in smaller vessels fitted with mesh sides or ends to permit a flow of test solution through the vessel.
Embrii in ličinke se lahko izpostavijo v glavni posodi, v manjših posodah, ki imajo mrežaste stranice ali konce, da se lahko skozi posodo pretaka preskusna raztopina.
Non-turbulent flow through these small vessels may be induced by suspending them from an arm arranged to move the vessel up and down but always keeping the organisms submerged; a siphon-flush system can also be used.
Neturbulentni tok skozi te majhne posode se lahko doseže tako, da se posode obesijo na držalo, nameščeno tako, da premika posodo gor in dol, vendar tako, da so organizmi ves čas potopljeni; uporabi se lahko tudi sistem s sifonskim splakovanjem.
Fertilised eggs of salmonid fishes can be supported on racks or meshes with apertures sufficiently large to allow larvae to drop through after hatching.
Oplojene ikre salmonidnih rib lahko ležijo na podstavkih ali mrežah z dovolj velikimi luknjicami, da lahko ličinke, ko se izležejo, padejo skoznje.
The use of pasteur pipettes is appropriate to remove the embryos and larvaes in the semi-static tests with complete daily renewal (see paragraph 1.6.6)
Za odstranjevanje embriev in ličink pri semi-statičnih preskusih s popolno vsakodnevno obnovo je primerna uporaba pasterjevih pipet (glej odstavek 1.6.6).
Where egg containers, grids or meshes have been used to hold eggs within the main test vessel, these restraints should be removed after the larvae hatch [13] OECD, Paris, 1992, Test Guideline 210, ‘Fish, Early-life Stage Toxicity Test’.
Kadar se za zadrževanje iker v glavni preskusni posodi uporabljajo posodice, rešetke ali mreže za ikre, je treba te priprave odstraniti, ko se ličinke izležejo [13] OECD, Pariz, 1992, Preskusna navodila 210, Ribe, Preskus strupenosti v zgodnjih razvojnih stadijih.
, except that meshes should be retained to prevent the escape of the fish.
, obdržijo se le mreže, da ribe ne pobegnejo.
If there is a need to transfer the larvae, they should not be exposed to the air and nets should not be used to release fish from egg containers (such a caution may not be necessary for some less fragile species, e.g. the carp).
Če je treba ličinke prenesti, se te ne smejo izpostaviti zraku in pri spuščanju rib iz posod za ikre se ne smejo uporabljati lovilne mrežice (taka previdnost morda ni potrebna pri nekaterih manj nežnih vrstah, npr. pri krapu).
The timing of this transfer varies with the species and transfer may not always be necessary.
Čas prenosa je različen, odvisno od vrste in tudi ni vselej potreben.
For the semi-static technique, beakers or shallow containers may be used, and, if necessary, equipped with a mesh screen slightly elevated above the bottom of the beaker.
Za semi-statično tehniko se lahko uporabijo čaše ali plitve posode, po potrebi opremljene z mrežastim zaslonom, ki je nekoliko dvignjen od dna posode.
If the volume of these containers is sufficient to comply with loading requirements, (see 1.7.1.2) no transfer of embryo or larvae may be necessary.
Če je prostornina teh posod zadostna glede na zahteve obremenitve (glej 1.7.1.2), prenos embriev ali ličink morda ni potreben.
Any water which conforms to the chemical characteristics of an acceptable dilution water as listed in Appendix 4 and in which the test species shows control survival at least as good as that described in Appendices 2 and 3 is suitable as a test water.
Vsaka voda z ustreznimi kemičnimi lastnostmi sprejemljive vode za redčenje, naštetimi v Dodatku 4, v kateri preskušana vrsta kaže vsaj tolikšno preživetje v kontrolah, kot je opisano v Dodatkih 2 in 3, je primerna za preskusno vodo.
In order to ensure that the dilution water will not unduly influence the test result (for example by complexation of test substance), or adversely affect the performance of the brood stock, samples should be taken at intervals for analysis.
Za zagotovitev, da voda za redčenje ne bi neprimerno vplivala na preskusni rezultat (na primer s kompleksacijo preskusne snovi) ali škodljivo učinkovala na produktivnost plemenskih rib, je treba v časovnih razmakih jemati vzorce za analizo.