natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
On 4 August 2006, the Italian Republic sent another reply to the Commission’s letter of 9 March containing additional, but no significantly new, information.
avgusta 2006 je Republika Italija znova odgovorila na dopis Komisije z dne 9. marca z nekaterimi dodatnimi informacijami, ki pa kljub temu niso dali novih pomembnih informacij.
Acting on its own initiative, the Commission adopted the Decision to open an inquiry under Article 4(3) of the Regulation [9] on 1 August 2006.
avgusta 2006 je Komisija na lastno pobudo sprejela odločitev, da opravi preiskavo, kot je predvideno v členu 4(3) Uredbe [9].
The Italian Republic was notified of this Decision on 1 August 2006 (Document No C(2006) 3516).
To odločitev je sporočila Republiki Italiji 1. avgusta 2006 (številka dokumenta C(2006) 3516).
In the same Decision the Commission asked the Italian authorities to provide answers to several points within a deadline of one month.
V isti odločitvi je Komisija prosila italijanske organe, da dajo odgovore o večih točkah in jim dala rok enega meseca za odgovor.
However the Commission requested further information in its letter to the Italian Permanent Representation of 2 October 2006.
Vendar pa se je Komisija obrnila na Stalno predstavništvo Italije 2. oktobra 2006, da bi prosila za dodatne informacije.
On 6 October 2006, the Italian Republic provided a long reply containing several points in reply to the additional questions from the Commission.
oktobra 2006 je Republika Italija poslala obširen odgovor s številnimi informacijami v odgovoru na dodatna vprašanja Komisije.
The Commission (Unit TREN.F.1) held a meeting with the Italian authorities (Ministry of Transport, Permanent Representation, Government of Sardinia and ENAC) in Brussels on 17 October 2006.
Srečanje Komisije (enota TREN.F.1) z italijanskimi organi (Ministrstvo za promet, Stalno predstavništvo, Vlada Sardinije ter ENAC) je potekalo v Bruslju 17. oktobra 2006.
The reply confirmed, in particular, that the following routes were already operated in accordance with the PSOs imposed under Article 4(1)(a) of the Regulation:
V tem odgovoru je bilo zlasti potrjeno, da se je zračni prevoz na naslednjih letalskih progah doslej že opravljal v skladu z OJS iz člena 4(1)(a) Uredbe:
Olbia–Rome: Meridiana,
Olbia–Rim: Meridiana
Alghero–Rome: Air One,
Alghero–Rim: Air One
Cagliari–Rome: Air One and Meridiana,
Cagliari–Rim: Air One in Meridiana
Cagliari–Milan: Air One and Meridiana,
Cagliari–Milano: Air One in Meridiana
However no carrier had agreed to operate the six remaining routes under the regime provided for in Article 4(1)(a) of the Regulation.
Nasprotno pa nobena letalska družba ni sprejela opravljanja zračnega prevoza na 6 preostalih letalskih progah v skladu z režimom, predvidenim s členom 4(1)(a) Uredbe.
The Italian Republic therefore intended to launch a call for tenders in accordance with Article 4(1)(d).
Republika Italija ima torej namen, da izvede javni razpis v skladu s členom 4(1)(d).
At present, the following carriers are eligible for the tender:
Letalske družbe, ki trenutno upravičeno sodelujejo na razpisu, so:
Cagliari–Florence: Air One and Meridiana,
Cagliari–Firence: Air One in Meridiana
Cagliari–Naples: Air One and Meridiana,
Cagliari–Neapelj: Air One in Meridiana
Cagliari–Palermo: Air One and Meridiana [10].However the Italian Republic explained that it had not yet allocated these routes due to the Commission’s ongoing inquiry.
Cagliari–Palermo: Air One in Meridiana [10].Vendar pa je Republika Italija pojasnila, da še ni dodelila teh prog zaradi preiskave Komisije, ki je še v teku.
The rules on PSOs are laid down in Regulation (EEC) No 2408/92, which defines the conditions for applying the principle of freedom to provide services in the air transport sector.
Pravila v zvezi z OJS so predpisana z Uredbo, ki opredeljuje pogoje za uporabo načela prostega pretoka storitev na področju zračnih prevozov.
PSOs are defined as an exception to the principle of the Regulation that ‘subject to this Regulation, Community air carriers shall be permitted by the Member State(s) concerned to exercise traffic rights on routes within the Community’ [11].
OJS so opisane kot izjema iz načela Uredbe, na podlagi katere „ob upoštevanju te uredbe zadevna(-e) država(-e) članica(-e) pooblasti(jo) letalske prevoznike Skupnosti, da uresničujejo prometne pravice na letalskih progah znotraj Skupnosti“ [11].
The conditions for imposing them are defined in Article 4.
Pogoji njihove uvedbe so opredeljeni v členu 4.
They are interpreted strictly and in accordance with the principles of non-discrimination and proportionality.
Natančno so obrazloženi, pri tem pa se strogo upoštevajo načela nediskriminacije in sorazmernosti.
They must be adequately justified on the basis of the criteria laid down in that Article.
Biti morajo ustrezno utemeljeni na podlagi meril iz navedenega člena.
More precisely, the rules governing PSOs provide that these may be imposed by a Member State in respect of ‘scheduled air services to an airport serving a peripheral or development region in its territory or on a thin route to any regional airport, any such route being considered vital for the economic development of the region in which the airport is located, to the extent necessary to ensure on that route the adequate provision of scheduled air services satisfying fixed standards of continuity, regularity, capacity and pricing, which standards air carriers would not assume if they were solely considering their commercial interest’ [12].
Pravila o OJS natančneje določajo, da lahko vsaka država članica uvede obveznosti javnih služb „za redne zračne prevoze do letališča, ki oskrbuje obrobno območje ali območje v razvoju na njenem ozemlju, ali na progi z redkim prometom do katerega koli regionalnega letališča na njenem ozemlju, če takšna proga velja kot izredno pomembna za gospodarski razvoj območja, kjer je to letališče, in sicer do obsega, ki je nujno potreben, da se na tej progi zagotovi ustrezno opravljanje rednih zračnih prevozov, ki zadovoljujejo ustaljene standarde neprekinjenosti, rednosti, zmogljivosti in določanja cen, ki jih letalski prevozniki ne bi prevzeli, če bi upoštevali le svoje komercialne interese“ [12].
The adequacy of scheduled air services is assessed by the Member States ‘having regard to the public interest, the possibility of having recourse to other forms of transport, the ability of such forms to meet the transport needs under consideration and the combined effect of all air carriers operating or intending to operate on the route’ [13].
Primernost rednih zračnih prevozov presodijo države članice „zlasti glede na javni interes, možnost uporabe drugih oblik prevoza, zmožnost, da te oblike prevoza zadostijo prevoznim potrebam, in skupni učinek vseh letalskih prevoznikov, ki opravljajo ali nameravajo opravljati prevoze na progi“ [13].
Article 4 provides for a two-phase mechanism: in the first phase (Article 4(1)(a)) the Member State concerned imposes PSOs on one or more routes, which are open to all Community carriers, provided they meet the obligations.
Člen 4 določa mehanizem v dveh fazah: v prvi fazi – člen 4(1)(a) – zadevna država članica uvede OJS za eno ali več letalskih prog, ki ostanejo na voljo vsem letalskim prevoznikom Skupnosti, pod pogojem, da upoštevajo navedene obveznosti.
Where no carrier applies to operate the route on which the PSOs have been imposed, the Member State can move on to a second phase (Article 4(1)(d)) which limits access to that route to only one carrier for a renewable period of up to three years.
Če se ne oglasi noben letalski prevoznik, ki bi uvedel letalsko progo, za katero veljajo OJS, lahko država članica preide v drugo fazo – člen 4(1)(d) – ki sestoji iz omejitve dostopa do te letalske proge na enega samega prevoznika za obdobje največ treh let, ki se lahko podaljša.
The selected carrier can then receive financial compensation for operating the route in accordance with the PSOs.
Letalski prevoznik, ki je bil izbran, lahko prejme finančno nadomestilo za uvedbo letalske proge v skladu z OJS.
Under Article 4(3) the Commission may decide, following an investigation, carried out either at the request of a Member State or on its own initiative, whether the PSO published should continue to apply.
Skladno s členom 4(3) lahko Komisija odloči, na podlagi preiskave na zahtevo države članice ali na lastno pobudo, ali se objavljena uvedba OJS še naprej uporablja.
Type of route eligible
Upravičenost letalskih prog
The Italian Republic based its intention to impose the PSOs on the need for the development of Sardinia, which has to overcome the disadvantages of being an island.
Republika Italija je upravičila uvedbo OJS s potrebami po razvoju Sardinije, ki mora zapolniti vrzeli v zvezi z njeno otoško lego.
In addition, the Autonomous Government of Sardinia has committed itself to promoting the mobility of its residents.
Razen tega je neodvisna vlada Sardinije sprejela obvezo, da bo spodbujala mobilnost prebivalcev.
Connections between Sardinia and mainland Italy are not operated evenly all year round, despite the fact that the mobility principle should adequately and continuously serve the residents of Sardinia all year round.
Dejansko so letalske povezave med Sardinijo in celinsko Italijo neenake glede na letne čase, medtem ko bi načelo mobilnosti moralo dati prebivalcem Sardinije dovolj možnosti za neprekinjeni prevoz skozi vse leto.
Moreover, the Italian Republic has emphasised the length of journeys both in terms of distance and in terms of time between the various airports in Sardinia, a region that suffers from inadequate infrastructure.
Razen tega pa Republika Italija vztraja pri velikih razdaljah, kar zadeva kilometre in čas preleta med različnimi letališči na Sardiniji, območju, ki ima pomanjkljivosti v zvezi z infrastrukturo.
This is also the reason they give for the PSOs to cover all three airports in Sardinia.
Na tej podlagi opravičuje tudi potrebo po tem, da OJS vključujejo vsa tri letališča na Sardiniji.
The Commission believes that Sardinia may be considered a peripheral region due to its island location and lack of real alternative methods of transport.
Komisija ocenjuje, da je Sardinijo mogoče imeti za obrobno območje zaradi njene otoške lege in pomanjkanja dejanskih alternativnih prevoznih sredstev.
In addition, Sardinia’s development deficit compared to other Italian regions is well documented. Its isolation and low population, exacerbated by high emigration, explains why economically the island lags behind, putting it on a par with the Mezzogiorno.
Po drugi strani pa je zaostanek v razvoju Sardinije v primerjavi z drugimi italijanskimi območji v veliki meri utemeljen: oddaljenost Sardinije, kakor tudi njeno maloštevilno prebivalstvo, ki se je zaradi močnega izseljevanja še zmanjšalo, pojasnjujeta zaostanek v gospodarskem razvoju otoka, ki je podoben kot v predelih Mezzogiorna.
On the basis of the information available, the Commission’s analysis does not call into question the vital need for the connections concerned, as emphasised by the Italian authorities.
Na podlagi informacij, ki jih ima Komisija, analiza ne dovoljuje dvoma o ključnem pomenu zadevnih letalskih povezav, ki so ga poudarili italijanski organi.
Adequacy of the PSOs
Primernost uvedbe OJS
General considerations
Splošna načela
In accordance with Article 4(1)(a) of the Regulation, Member States may only impose PSOs ‘to the extent necessary to ensure on that route the adequate provision of scheduled air services satisfying fixed standards of continuity, regularity, capacity and pricing, which standards air carriers would not assume if they were solely considering their commercial interest’.
Skladno s členom 4(1)(a) Uredbe države članice ne morejo uvesti OJS kot zgolj „do obsega, ki je nujno potreben, da se na tej progi zagotovi ustrezno opravljanje rednih zračnih prevozov, ki zadovoljujejo ustaljene standarde neprekinjenosti, rednosti, zmogljivosti in določanja cen, ki jih letalski prevozniki ne bi prevzeli, če bi upoštevali le svoje komercialne interese“.
The adequacy of the services is assessed having regard to the criteria laid down in Article 4(1)(b) of the Regulation:
Primernost prevozov se oceni ob upoštevanju meril, naštetih v členu 4(1)(b) Uredbe:
the public interest,
javni interes,
the possibility, in particular for island regions, of having recourse to other forms of transport and the ability of such forms to meet the transport needs under consideration,
možnost uporabe drugih oblik prevoza, ki jo imajo zlasti otoška področja, ter zmožnost, da te oblike prevoza zadostijo zadevnim potrebam,
the air fares and conditions which can be quoted to users,
cene vozovnic in pogoji zračnega prevoza, ki se lahko ponudijo uporabnikom,
the combined effect of all air carriers operating or intending to operate on the route.
skupni učinek vseh letalskih prevoznikov, ki opravljajo ali nameravajo opravljati prevoze na tej progi.
In addition, the public service obligations must comply with the basic principles of proportionality and non-discrimination (see, for example, Court of Justice judgment of 20 February 2001, in Case C-205/99 Asociación Profesional de Empresas Navieras de Líneas Regulares (Analir) and others v Administración General del Estado [2001] ECR I-01271).
Poleg tega morajo biti obveznosti javnih služb v skladu z osnovnimi načeli sorazmernosti in nediskriminacije (glej na primer sodbo Sodišča z dne 20. februarja 2001 v zadevi C-205/99, Asociación Profesional de Empresas Navieras de Líneas Regulares (Analir) in druge proti Administración General del Estado, Rec. 2001, str. I-01271).
In this case, the Commission is of the opinion, based on the information provided by the Italian authorities, that imposing PSOs concerning frequency, capacity and fares may be necessary to ensure the adequate provision of services for the routes concerned.
Zato je Komisija, na podlagi informacij, ki so jih dali italijanski organi, mnenja, da utegne biti potrebna uvedba OJS, kar zadeva pogostost in zmogljivosti, kot tudi prevoznine, da se zagotovi ustrezno opravljanje prevozov na zadevnih letalskih progah.
However, the Commission considers that some of the conditions imposed by Decrees Nos 35 and 36 are unduly restrictive or disproportionate.
Kljub temu pa Komisija meni, da so nekateri pogoji, ki sta jih uvedla odloka št. 35 in 36, neupravičeno omejevalni ali nesorazmerni.
Obligation to submit acceptance of the PSOs within 30 days
Obveznost potrditve OJS v roku 30 dni
Thus carriers that do not send their acceptance of all the conditions of the PSO within this deadline risk being excluded for the whole period.
S tem bi letalski prevoznik, ki v tem roku ni poslal svojega soglasja o vseh pogojih OJS, tvegal izključitev v celotnem obdobju.
The Commission considers that this condition has no legal basis under Article 4(1)(a) of the Regulation and deems it to be unduly restrictive.
Komisija meni, da ta pogoj nima nobene pravne podlage v skladu s členom 4(1)(a) Uredbe in da je neupravičeno omejevalen.
Article 4(1)(a) of the Regulation does not authorise Member States to limit the number of carriers that may have access to these routes, but merely to impose a general PSO applicable to all carriers operating or intending to operate those routes.
Člen 4(1)(a) Uredbe ne daje državam članicam pravice, da omejijo število letalskih prevoznikov, ki utegnejo imeti dostop do letalskih prog, temveč zgolj, da uvedejo na splošno OJS, ki veljajo za vse letalske prevoznike, ki opravljajo ali nameravajo opravljati prevoze na teh letalskih progah.
The number of carriers may only be limited in this way under Article 4(1)(d).
Tako omejevanje števila letalskih prevoznikov je mogoče le v skladu s členom 4(1)(d).
Thus, any carrier intending to accept the PSOs imposed under Article 4(1)(a) of the Regulation must be able to operate the route, regardless of the period in which it intends to commence service provision.
Zato lahko vsak letalski prevoznik, ki namerava spoštovati OJS, ki so bile uvedene v skladu s členom 4(1)(a) Uredbe, opravlja prevoze na tej letalski progi ne glede na to, kdaj se odloči, da bo začel opravljati svoje storitve.
If by a certain date no carrier has commenced scheduled air services on a route in accordance with the PSOs imposed on that route under Article 4(1)(a), Member States may limit access to that route in accordance with Article 4(1)(d).
Če noben letalski prevoznik določenega dne še ni začel opravljati rednih zračnih prevozov na progi v skladu z OJS, ki so bile uvedene na tej progi skladno s členom 4(1)(a), lahko država članica predpiše omejitev dostopa do te proge v skladu s členom 4(1)(d).
However if one or more operators have commenced operations within the deadline, Member States may not exclude from that route other carriers who declare their intentions to operate the route any time after the deadline.
Če pa je eden ali več letalskih prevoznikov začelo opravljati prevoze v predpisanem roku, država članica ne more izključiti iz te letalske proge drugih prevoznikov, ki so izrazili namero, da opravljajo prevoze kadar koli po roku.
The entry of new operators may however require changes to be made to the PSOs imposed on each carrier (see Section 3.4 below).
Za prihod novih letalskih prevoznikov se morda lahko kljub temu zahtevajo nekatere prilagoditve OJS, ki so bile uvedene za vsakega letalskega prevoznika (glej poglavje 3.4 v nadaljevanju).
Obligation to operate the route for a three-year period
Obveznost opravljanja prevoza na letalski progi v obdobju treh let
Point 5 of the PSOs as provided for in Decrees Nos 35 and 36 states that ‘in accordance with Article 4(1)(c) of Regulation (EEC) No 2408/92, the carrier which accepts the public service obligations shall guarantee service for a period of at least 36 consecutive months and shall not suspend such service without giving a six-month prior notice to ENAC and the Autonomous Region of Sardinia’.
Točka 5 OJS, kot jih predpisujeta odloka št. 35 in 36, določa, da mora „skladno s členom 4(1)(c) Uredbe (EGS) št. 2408/92 letalski prevoznik, ki sprejme obveznosti, zagotoviti storitev v obdobju 36 zaporednih mesecev in jo lahko prekine le po predhodnem uradnem obvestilu najmanj 6 mesecev vnaprej, poslanem ENAC-u in avtonomni deželi Sardiniji“.
Nonetheless, the Commission considers that the minimum duration of three years set by Decrees Nos 35 and 36 is excessive and disproportionate.
Kljub temu pa Komisija meni, da je minimalno obdobje treh let, ki sta ga uvedla odloka št. 35 in 36, predolgo in nesorazmerno.
The Commission can understand the need to ensure continuity of service and to obtain a commitment from the carriers to operate for a certain period.
Komisija razume potrebo, da zagotovi neprekinjenost prevozov in doseže obvezo letalskih prevoznikov za opravljanje prevoza v določenem obdobju.
However, as previously mentioned, it is not for the authorities responsible for implementing PSOs to sideline potential candidates from operating them. PSOs without an exclusive concession or compensation may in no event lead to the definitive or long-term closure of the market.
Vendar pa, kot je navedeno zgoraj, ni naloga organov, ki so zadolženi za izvajanje OJS, da izločijo morebitne kandidate iz njihove uporabe: OJS brez izključne koncesije ali nadomestila ne bi nikakor mogle pomeniti dokončnega zaprtja trga ali zaprtja trga skozi daljše tržno obdobje.
Operation of routes characterised by high seasonal variations may be legitimately imposed for certain periods of the year.
Morda je upravičeno, da se v nekaterih obdobjih leta opravlja prevoz na letalskih progah, za katere so značilna velika sezonska odstopanja.
On these routes, carriers risk having the natural tendency to limit or concentrate their offer on the weeks in which there is a sufficient frequency to ensure that the service is profitable, and to abandon services at other times of the year.
Pravzaprav na takih letalskih progah obstaja nevarnost, da imajo prevozniki naravno težnjo omejiti ali osredotočiti svojo ponudbo na tedne, ko je pogostost letov dovolj velika, da zagotovi donosnost storitve, ter opustiti opravljanje prevozov v drugih obdobjih leta.
However the Commission considers that, under these circumstances, upholding the principle of proportionality should mean limiting to a maximum of one year the duration of the period during which a continuous service under the PSO regime under Article 4(1)(a) must be ensured.
Komisija kljub vsemu meni, da bi v takih okoliščinah upoštevanje načela sorazmernosti moralo pripeljati do tega, da trajanje obdobja, v katerem mora biti zagotovljeno stalno opravljanje storitve v okviru režima OJS, predvidenega v členu 4(1)(a), ne bi preseglo enega leta.
In addition, the Commission considers that there is nothing to stop the authority responsible for applying PSOs from regularly assessing the adequacy of this duration.
Razen tega Komisija meni, da to obdobje organu, ki je zadolžen za izvajanje OJS, ne preprečuje, da občasno izvaja ponovno ovrednotenje njegove ustreznosti.
As mentioned below, such reviews should be carried out in any case whenever a new carrier commences or is about to commence services on the route concerned.
Kot je navedeno spodaj, naj bi se tako ponovno ovrednotenje opravilo takrat, kadar nov letalski prevoznik začne ali bo kmalu začel opravljati prevoze na zadevni letalski progi.
Distribution of routes and frequencies by ENAC
ENAC-ova razporeditev letalskih prog in pogostosti letov
Point 1.6 of Decrees Nos 35 and 36 states that ‘to avoid the overcapacity which would result if several carriers were to accept a route subject to the obligations, considering the infrastructure limitations and conditions of the airports involved, ENAC, at the behest of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, has the task of acting in the public interest so as to adjust the accepting carriers’ operating programmes to ensure that they are completely in line with the mobility objectives of the obligations imposed.
V točki 1.6 odlokov št. 35 in 36 je bilo določeno, da bi „zato, da bi preprečili preveliko zmogljivost, ki bi jo lahko povzročilo sprejetje iste proge s strani več letalskih prevoznikov zaradi omejitev in pritiskov na zadevna letališča na ravni infrastruktur, ENAC po posvetu z avtonomno deželo Sardinijo dobil nalogo, da sprejme v javnem interesu operativne programe letalskih prevoznikov, ki sprejemajo cilj mobilnosti, ki je bil določen v obveznostih.
The purpose of this should be to redistribute routes and frequencies fairly between the accepting carriers on the basis of the volumes of traffic on the routes (or packages of routes) in question for each of them over the previous two years’.
Ta postopek bo pripeljal do pravične razdelitve prog in pogostosti letov med prevzemnimi letalskimi prevozniki glede na obseg prometa na zadevnih letalskih progah (ali skupinah prog), ki je bil ugotovljen zadnji dve leti za vsakega posameznega letalskega prevoznika“.
By virtue of its powers, ENAC may arbitrate and promote an agreement between several carriers operating on the same route.
V skladu s temi pooblastili lahko ENAC usmerja in spodbuja dogovor med več letalskimi družbami, ki opravljajo polete na isti progi.
For Sardinia, ENAC held a round table of operators interested in certain routes and defined with them the distribution of traffic.
Kar zadeva Sardinijo, je ENAC nadzoroval okroglo mizo zainteresiranih letalskih prevoznikov za nekatere letalske proge in z njimi opredelil razporeditev prometa.
The Italian Republic defends this power of intervention which, in its opinion, ensures continuity of service whilst sheltering PSOs from the risks of other operators that may be less interested in accepting PSOs without any compensation from taking on and then abandoning services.
Republika Italija zagovarja to pravico do poseganja, ki po njenem mnenju zagotavlja neprekinjenost storitev, pri čemer OJS niso podvržene nevarnosti prihodov in odhodov drugih letalskih prevoznikov, ki bi utegnili biti manj zainteresirani za to, da izpolnjujejo OJS brez vsakršnega nadomestila.