natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
To avoid contamination incubate positive control and negative control plants on clearly separated benches in a glasshouse or growth chamber or, in case space is limited, ensure strict separation between treatments.
Da ne bi prišlo do kontaminacije, inkubiramo rastline pozitivne in negativne kontrole na jasno ločenih klopeh v rastlinjaku oziroma rastni komori, in če je prostor omejen, zagotovimo strogo ločitev med obravnavanimi primeri.
If plants for different samples must be incubated close together, separate them with appropriate screens.
Če morajo biti rastline iz različnih vzorcev inkubirane blizu skupaj, jih ločimo z ustreznimi zasloni.
When fertilising, watering, inspecting and any other manipulations take great care to avoid cross-contamination.
Ko gnojimo, zalivamo, pregledujemo in delamo karkoli drugega, moramo zelo paziti, da ne bi prišlo do navzkrižne kontaminacije.
It is essential to keep glasshouses and growth chambers free of all insect pests since they may transmit the bacterium from sample to sample.
Rastlinjaki in rastne komore morajo biti obvezno brez vseh insektnih zajedalcev, ker ti lahko prenašajo bakterijo z vzorca na vzorec.
Observe for symptoms of wilting, epinasty, chlorosis and/or stunting.
Opazujemo, če se pojavijo simptomi venenja, epinastije, kloroze in krnenja.
Isolate from infected plants (Section II.3.) and identify purified cultures of presumptive R. solanacearum (Section VI.B.).
Izoliramo od inficiranih rastlin (oddelek II.3) in identificiramo prečiščene kulture domnevne bakterije R. solanacearum (oddelek VI. B).
If no symptoms are observed after three weeks perform IF/PCR/Isolation on a composite sample of 1 cm stem sections of each test plant taken above the inoculation site.
Če po 3 tednih ne opazimo simptomov, opravimo test IF/PCR/izolacije na kompozitnem vzorcu delov stebel dolžine 1 cm vsake testne rastline, odvzetih nad mestom inokulacije.
If the test is positive perform dilution plating (section 4.1).
Če je test pozitiven, naredimo razmaz razredčine (oddelek 4.1).
Identify any purified cultures of presumptive R. solanacearum (Section VI.B.).
Identificiramo morebitne prečiščene kulture domnevne bakterije R. solanacearum (oddelek VI. B).
Interpretation of the bioassay test results
Interpretacija rezultatov biološkega testa
Valid Bioassay test results are obtained when plants of the positive control show typical symptoms, the bacteria can be reisolated from these plants and no symptoms are found on the negative controls.
Veljavne rezultate biološkega testa dobimo, če rastline pozitivne kontrole izkazujejo značilne simptome, če bakterije iz teh rastlin lahko ponovno izoliramo in na negativnih kontrolah ne odkrijemo simptomov.
The bioassay test is negative if test plants are not infected by R. solanacearum, and provided that R. solanacearum is detected in positive controls.
Biološki test je negativen, če testne rastline niso okužene z bakterijo R. solanacearum in pod pogojem, da bakterijo R. solanacearum opazimo v pozitivnih kontrolah.
The bioassay test is positive if the test plants are infected by R. solanacearum.
Biološki test je pozitiven, če so testne rastline okužene z bakterijo R. solanacearum.
IDENTIFICATION TESTS
IDENTIFIKACIJSKI TESTI
Identify pure cultures of presumptive R. solanacearum isolates using at least two of the following tests based on different biological principles.
Čiste kulture domnevnih izolatov bakterije R. solanacearum identificiramo z vsaj dvema od naslednjih testov, ki temeljijo na različnih bioloških načelih.
Include known reference strains where appropriate for each test performed (see Appendix 3).
Za vsak opravljeni test vključimo znane referenčne seve, kjer je to primerno (glej Dodatek 3).
Determine the following phenotypic properties, which are universally present or absent in R. solanacearum, according to the methods of Lelliott and Stead (1987), Klement et al.
Določimo naslednje lastnosti fenotipov, ki so pri R. solanacearum vselej prisotne ali odsotne, v skladu z metodami Lelliott in Stead (1987), Klement in sod.
Expected result
Pričakovani rezultat
Fluorescent pigment production
Fluorescentni pigment
Poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate inclusions
Vključki PHB
Oxidation/fermentation (O/F) test
Oksidacijski/fermentacijski (O/F) test
Kovac’s oxidase test
Oksidaza po Kovacsu
Reduction of nitrate
Redukcija nitrata
Utilisation of citrate
Izraba citrata
Arginine dihydrolase activity
Arginin dihidrolaza
Gelatine liquefaction
Utekočinjenje želatine
Aesculin hydrolysis
Hidroliza ezulina
Levan production
Produkcija levana
Prepare a suspension of approximately 106 cells per ml in IF buffer (Appendix 4).
Pripravimo suspenzijo približno 106 celic na ml v IF pufru (Dodatek 4).
Prepare a twofold dilution series of an appropriate antiserum (see website http://forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/sanco/Home/main).
Pripravimo niz dvakratnih razredčin ustreznega antiseruma (glej spletno mesto http://forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/sanco/Home/main).
Apply the IF procedure (Section VI.A.5.).
Izvedemo postopek IF (oddelek VI.A.5).
A positive IF test is achieved if the IF titre of the culture is equivalent to that of the positive control.
Test IF je pozitiven, če je IF-titer kulture enakovreden titru pozitivne kontrole.
Note: If performing only 2 identification tests, do not use another serological test in addition to this method.
Opomba: Če delamo le 2 identifikacijska testa, poleg te metode ne smemo uporabiti še enega serološkega testa.
Prepare a suspension of approximately 108 cells per ml in 1X PBS (Appendix 4).
Pripravimo suspenzijo približno 108 celic na ml v 1X PBS (Dodatek 4).
Perform an appropriate ELISA procedure with a specific monoclonal antibody to R. solanacearum.
Izvedemo ustrezni postopek ELISA z monoklonalnim protitelesom, specifičnim za R. solanacearum.
A positive ELISA test is achieved if the ELISA reading obtained from the culture is at least half that obtained for the positive control.
Test ELISA je pozitiven, če odčitek ELISA iz kulture doseže vsaj polovico vrednosti odčitka pozitivne kontrole.
Prepare a suspension of approximately 106 cells per ml in molecular grade sterile water.
Pripravimo suspenzijo približno 106 celic na ml v sterilni vodi molekulske stopnje.
Heat 100 µl of the cell suspension in closed tubes in a heating block or boiling waterbath at 100 °C for four minutes.
Štiri minute segrevamo 100 µl suspenzije celic v zaprtih epruvetah v grelni enoti ali vreli vodni kopeli pri 100 °C.
The samples may then be stored at –16 to –24 °C until required.
Vzorce nato lahko shranimo pri –16 do –24 °C, dokler jih ne potrebujemo.
Apply appropriate PCR procedures to amplify R. solanacearum-specific amplicons (e.g. Seal et al.
Izvedemo ustrezne postopke PCR, da pomnožimo za bakterijo R. solanacearum specifične pomnožke (npr. Seal in sod.
(1993); Pastrik and Maiss (2000); Pastrik et al.
(1993); Pastrik in Maiss (2000); Pastrik in sod.
A positive identification of R. solanacearum is achieved if the PCR amplicons are the same size and have the same restriction fragment length polymorphisms as for the positive control strain.
Pozitivno identifikacijo R. solanacearum dosežemo, če so pomnožki PCR enake velikosti in imajo enak polimorfizem dolžin restrikcijskih fragmentov kot sev pozitivne kontrole.
Prepare a suspension of approximately 106 cells per ml in UPW.
Pripravimo suspenzijo približno 106 celic na ml v ultra čisti vodi.
Apply the FISH procedure (Section VI.A.7.) with at least 2 R. solanacearum-specific oligo-probes (Appendix 7).
Opravimo postopek FISH (oddelek VI.A.7) z vsaj dvema oligo-sondama, specifičnima za R. solanacearum (Dodatek 7).
A positive FISH test is achieved if the same reactions are achieved from the culture and the positive control.
Pozitiven test FISH dosežemo, če dobimo iste reakcije iz kulture in pozitivne kontrole.
Grow the culture on trypticase soy agar (Oxoid) for 48 hours at 28 °C.
Kulturo 48 ur pri 28 °C gojimo na triptikaznem sojinem agarju (Oxoid).
Apply an appropriate FAP procedure (Janse, 1991; Stead, 1992).
Izvedemo ustrezen postopek FAP (Janse, 1991; Stead, 1992).
A positive FAP test is achieved if the profile of the presumptive culture is identical to that of the positive control.
Test FAP je pozitiven, če je profil domnevne kulture identičen profilu pozitivne kontrole.
The presence of characteristic fatty acids are 14:0 3OH, 16:0 2OH, 16:1 2OH and 18:1 2OH and absence of 16:0 3OH is highly indicative of a Ralstonia sp.
Prisotnost značilnih maščobnih kislin 14:0 3OH, 16:0 2OH, 16:1 2OH in 18:1 2OH in odsotnost 16:0 3OH je močan indikator vrste R.
Strain characterisation using one of the following methods is recommended for each new case of isolation of R. solanacearum.
Za vsak nov primer izolacije R. solanacearum se priporoča opredelitev seva po eni od naslednjih metod.
solanacearum is separated into biovars on the basis of the ability to utilise and/or oxidise three disaccharides and three hexose alcohols (Hayward, 1964 and Hayward et al., 1990).
solanacearum se deli na biovarje na podlagi zmožnosti izrabe in/ali oksidacije treh disaharidov in treh heksoznih alkoholov (Hayward, 1964 in Hayward in sod., 1990).
Growth media for the biovar test is described in Appendix 2.
Rastna gojišča za test biovarja so opisana v Dodatku 2.
The test can be successfully performed by stab inoculating the media with pure cultures of R. solanacearum isolates and incubating at 28 °C.
Test lahko uspešno izvedemo tako, da inokuliramo gojišče s čistimi kulturami izolatov R. solanacearum in inkubiramo pri 28 °C.
If the media are dispensed into sterile 96 well cell culture plates (200 µl per well) colour change from olive green to yellow can be observed within 72 hours, indicating a positive test result.
Če gojišče razdelimo v sterilne plošče celične kulture s 96 vdolbinicami (200 µl na vdolbinico), je mogoče v 72 urah opaziti spremembo barve z olivno zelene na rumeno, kar kaže na pozitivni rezultat testa.
Utilisation of:
Izraba:
Maltose
maltoze
Lactose
laktoze
D (+) Cellobiose
D (+) celobioze
Additional tests differentiate biovar 2 sub-phenotypes
Dodatni testi delijo biovar 2 na podfenotipe.
(Worldwide distribution)
(razširjenost po vsem svetu)
(Found in Chile and Colombia)
(v Čilu in Kolumbiji)
(Found in tropical areas)
(v tropskih območjih)
Utilisation of trehalose
izraba trehaloze
Utilisation of meso-inositol
izraba mezo-inozitola
Utilisation of D ribose
izraba D-riboze
Pectolytic activity [101]
pektolitična aktivnost [101]
low
nizka
Molecular differentiation of strains in the R. solanacearum complex can be achieved using several techniques, including:
Molekularno razlikovanje sevov v kompleksu bakterije R. solanacearum je mogoče opraviti z več tehnikami, med drugim:
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (Cook et al., 1989).
Analiza polimorfizma dolžin restrikcijskih fragmentov (RFLP) (Cook in sod., 1989)
Repetitive sequence PCR using REP, BOX and ERIC primers (Louws et al., 1995; Smith et al., 1995).
Ponavljajoče zaporedje PCR z uporabo primerjev REP, BOX in ERIC (Louws in sod., 1995; Smith in sod., 1995)
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis (Van der Wolf et al., 1998).
Analiza polimorfizma dolžin pomnoženih fragmentov (AFLP) (Van der Wolf in sod., 1998)
Specific PCR primers (Pastrik et al, 2002; see Appendix 6) can be used to differentiate strains belonging to division 1 (biovars 3, 4 and 5) and division 2 (biovars 1, 2A and 2T) of R. solanacearum, as originally defined by RFLP analysis (Cook et al., 1989) and 16S rDNA sequencing (Taghavi et al., 1996).
Za razločevanje sevov, ki pripadajo delitvi 1 (biovarji 3, 4 ad 5) in delitvi 2 (biovarji 1, 2A in 2T) bakterije R. solanacearum, lahko uporabimo specifične PCR primerje (Pastrik in sod, 2002; glej Dodatek 6), kot je bilo prvotno določeno z analizo RFLP (Cook in sod., 1989) in določanjem zaporedja 16S rDNA (Taghavi in sod., 1996).
The pathogenicity test must be performed as final confirmation of a diagnosis of R. solanacearum and for assessment of virulence of cultures identified as R. solanacearum.
Test patogenosti je treba opraviti kot zadnjo potrditev diagnoze za R. solanacearum in za ocenitev virulentnosti kultur, identificiranih kot R. solanacearum.
Prepare an inoculum of approximately 106 cells per ml from a 24 to 48 hour culture of the isolate to be tested and an appropriate positive control strain of R. solanacearum (e.g. NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857; see Appendix 3).
Pripravimo inokulum s približno 106 celic na ml iz 24–48-urne kulture izolata, ki ga nameravamo testirati, in ustrezni pozitivni kontrolni sev bakterije R. solanacearum (npr. NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857; glej Dodatek 3).
Inoculate 5 to 10 susceptible tomato or eggplant seedlings at the third true leaf stage (see Section VI.A.9).
Inokuliramo 5–10 dovzetnih rastlin paradižnika ali jajčevca, najbolje v fazi tretjega pravega lista (oddelek VI.A.9).
Incubate for up to two weeks at 25 to 28 °C and high relative humidity with appropriate watering to avoid waterlogging or drought stress.
Inkubiramo največ dva tedna pri 25–28 °C in visoki relativni vlažnosti ter ustrezno zalivamo, da ne prihaja do zasičenosti z vodo ali pomanjkanja vode.
With pure cultures typical wilting should be obtained within 14 days.
Pri čistih kulturah bi se moralo značilno venenje pojaviti v 14 dneh.
If after this period symptoms are not present, the culture cannot be confirmed as being a pathogenic form of R. solanacearum.
Če po tem obdobju niso prisotni simptomi, kulture ni mogoče potrditi kot patogene oblike bakterije R. solanacearum.
Observe for symptoms of wilting and/or epinasty, chlorosis and stunting.
Opazujemo, če se pojavijo simptomi venenja in/ali epinastije, kloroze in krnenja.
Isolate from symptomatic plants by removing a section of stem about 2 cm above the inoculation point.
Izoliramo od simptomatičnih rastlin, tako da odstranimo del stebla približno 2 cm nad točko inokulacije.
Comminute and suspend in a small volume of sterile distilled water or 50 mM phosphate buffer (Appendix 4).
Zmeljemo in suspendiramo v majhni količini sterilne destilirane vode ali 50 mM fosfatnega pufra (Dodatek 4).
Isolate from the suspension by dilution spreading or streaking on a suitable medium, preferably onto a selective medium (Appendix 2), incubate for 48 to 72 hours at 28 °C and observe the formation of colonies typical of R. solanacearum.
Izoliramo iz suspenzije z razmazom ali načrtanjem razredčine na ustrezno gojišče, po možnosti na selektivno gojišče (Dodatek 2), inkubiramo 48-72 ur pri 28 °C in opazujemo tvorbo kolonij, značilnih za bakterijo R. solanacearum.
See Lelliott and Stead (1987)
Glej Lelliott in Stead (1987).
Laboratory [201]
Laboratorij [201]
Vienna and Linz
Dunaj in Linz
Contact scientists: see web site http://forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/sanco/Home/main.
Kontakti znanstvenikov: glej spletno mesto http://forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/sanco/Home/main.
General growth media
Splošna rastna gojišča
Nutrient Agar (NA)
Hranilni agar (NA)
Nutrient Agar (Difco)
Hranilni agar (Difco)
Distilled water
Destilirana voda
Dissolve ingredients and sterilise by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 min.
Raztopimo sestavine in steriliziramo v avtoklavu pri 121 °C 15 minut.
Yeast Peptone Glucose Agar (YPGA)
Agar s kvasom, peptonom in glukozo (YPGA)
Yeast extract (Difco)
Kvasni ekstrakt (Difco)
Bacto-Peptone (Difco)
Pepton Bacto (Difco)
D(+) Glucose (monohydrate)
D(+)-glukoza (monohidrat)
Bacto-Agar (Difco)
Agar Bacto (Difco)
Dissolve ingredients and sterilise by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes.
Raztopimo sestavine in steriliziramo v avtoklavu pri 121 °C 15 minut.
Kelman’s Tetrazolium Medium
Tetrazolno gojišče po Kelmanu
Casamino acids (Difco)
Kazaminske kisline (Difco)
Dextrose
Dekstroza
Cool to 50 °C and add a filter-sterilised solution of 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (Sigma) to obtain a final concentration of 50 mg per l.
Ohladimo do 50 °C. Dodamo s filtriranjem sterilizirano raztopino 2,3,5-trifenil tetrazolijevega klorida (Sigma), tako da dobimo končno koncentracijo 50 mg na liter.
Validated selective growth media
Potrjena selektivna rastna gojišča
SMSA medium (Englebrecht, 1994 as modified by Elphinstone et al., 1996)
Gojišče SMSA (Englebrecht, 1994, spremenjeno v Elphinstone in sod., 1996)
Basal medium
Osnovno gojišče
Bacto-Agar (Difco); see Note 2.
Agar Bacto (Difco); glej opombo 2.
Cool to 50 °C and add filter-sterilised aqueous stock solutions of the following ingredients to obtain the specified final concentrations:
Ohladimo na 50 °C in dodamo s filtriranjem sterilizirane osnovne raztopine naslednjih sestavin, da dobimo določene končne koncentracije:
Crystal Violet (Sigma)
Kristalvijolično (Sigma)
5 mg per l
5 mg na L
1250 U (approximately 25 mg) per l
1250 U (približno 25 mg) na L
Chloramphenicol (Sigma C-3175)
Kloramfenikol (Sigma C-3175)
825 U (approximately 0,5 mg) per l
825 U (približno 0,5 mg) na L
2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (Sigma)
2,3,5-trifenil tetrazolijev klorid (Sigma)
50 mg per l
50 mg na L
Use of reagents other than those specified above may affect growth of R. solanacearum.
Uporaba reagentov, ki niso navedeni zgoraj, lahko vpliva na rast bakterije R. solanacearum.
Oxoid Agar #1 can be used in place of Bacto-Agar (Difco).
Namesto agarja Bacto (Difco) lahko uporabimo agar Oxoid št. 1.
In this case growth of R. solanacearum will be slower, although growth of competing saprophytes may also be reduced.
V tem primeru bo rast bakterije R. solanacearum počasnejša, čeprav se lahko upočasni tudi rast tekmujočih saprofitskih bakterij.
Typical colonies of R. solanacearum may take 1 to 2 days longer to form and the red colouration may be lighter and more diffuse than on Bacto-Agar.
Značilne kolonije bakterije R. solanacearum se tvorijo 1-2 dni dlje in rdeča obarvanost je svetlejša in bolj razpršena kot pri agarju Bacto.
Increasing bacitracin concentration to 2500 U per l may reduce populations of competing bacteria without affecting growth of Ralstonia solanacearum.
Če povečamo koncentracijo bacitracina na 2500 U na liter, se lahko zmanjšajo populacije tekmujočih bakterij, ne da bi to vplivalo na rast bakterije R. solanacearum.
Store media and stock solutions of antibiotics at 4 °C in the dark and use within one month.
Gojišča in osnovne raztopine antibiotikov hranimo pri 4 °C v temi in porabimo v enem mesecu.
Plates should be free from surface condensation before use.
Pred uporabo moramo s plošč odstraniti površinski kondenz.
Avoid excess drying of plates.
Plošč ne smemo pretirano sušiti.
Quality control should be performed after preparation of each new batch of medium by plating a suspension of a reference culture of R. solanacearum (see Appendix 3) and observing formation of typical colonies after incubation at 28 °C for two to five days.
Nadzor kakovosti je treba opraviti, potem ko smo pripravili vsako novo serijo gojišča, tako da razmažemo suspenzijo referenčne kulture R. solanacearum (glej Dodatek 3) in opazujemo tvorbo značilnih kolonij po 2-5 dneh inkubacije pri 28 °C.
Validated enrichment media
Potrjena obogatitvena gojišča
SMSA Broth (Elphinstone et al., 1996)
Bujon SMSA (Elphinstone in sod., 1996)
Prepare as for SMSA selective agar medium but omit Bacto-Agar and 2,3,5-tetrazolium chloride.
Pripravimo kot za selektivno gojišče SMSA z agarjem, vendar ne dodamo agarja Bacto in 2,3,5-tetrazolijevega klorida.
Modified Wilbrink broth (Caruso et al., 2002)
Modificiran bujon Wilbrink (Caruso in sod., 2002)
Proteose peptone
Proteoza pepton
Sterilise by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes and cool to 50 °C
Steriliziramo v avtoklavu pri 121 °C 15 minut in ohladimo na 50 °C.
Add antibiotic stock solutions as for SMSA broth.
Dodamo osnovne raztopine antibiotikov, kot pri bujonu SMSA.
Bacterial isolates
Bakterijski izolati
The following bacterial isolates are recommended for use as standard reference material either as positive controls (Table 1) or during optimisation of tests to avoid cross-reactions (Table 2).
Naslednji izolati so priporočljivi za uporabo kot standardni referenčni material, ali kot pozitivna kontrola (Tabela 1) ali med optimizacijo testov za preprečevanje navzkrižnih reakcij (Tabela 2).
All strains are commercially available from:
Vsi sevi so na voljo pri:
National Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (NCPPB), Central Science Laboratory, York, UK
National Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (NCPPB), Central Science Laboratory, York, Združeno kraljestvo
Culture Collection of the Plant Protection Service (PD), Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Culture Collection of the Plant Protection Service (PD), Wageningen, Nizozemska.
Collection Française de Bactéries Phytopathogènes (CFBP), INRA Station Phytobactériologie, Angers, France.
Collection Française de Bactéries Phytopathogènes (CFBP), INRA Station Phytobactériologie, Angers, Francija.
Table 1 SMT reference panel of isolates of R. solanacearum
Tabela 1 Referenčna tabela SMT izolatov bakterije R. solanacearum
NCPPB code
Koda NCPPB
Other codes
Druge kode
Note: Authenticity of the above strains can be guaranteed only if obtained from an authentic culture collection.
Opomba: Pristnost zgoraj navedenih sevov je mogoče zagotoviti le, če smo jih dobili iz avtentične zbirke kultur.
Table 2: SMT reference panel of serologically- or genetically-related bacteria for use in optimisation of detection tests
Tabela 2 Referenčna tabela SMT serološko ali genetsko sorodnih bakterij za uporabo pri optimizaciji detekcijskih testov
Other code
Druga koda
The following standard control material is available from the NCPPB culture collection.
Spodaj navedeni standardni kontrolni material je na voljo iz zbirke kultur NCPPB.
Freeze dried pellet of potato extract from 200 healthy potato tubers as negative control for all tests.
Liofilizirane pelete ekstrakta krompirja iz 200 zdravih gomoljev krompirja kot negativna kontrola za vse teste.
Freeze dried pellet of potato extract from 200 healthy potato tubers containing 103 to 104 and 104 to 106 cells R. solanacearum biovar 2 (strain NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857) as positive controls for serological and PCR tests.
Liofilizirane pelete ekstrakta krompirja iz 200 zdravih gomoljev krompirja, ki vsebujejo 103 do 104 in 104 do 106 celic bakterije R. solanacearum biovar 2 (sev NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857) kot pozitivna kontrola za serološke teste in teste PCR.
Since cell viability is affected during freeze-drying, these are not suitable as standard controls for isolation or bioassay tests.
Ker liofilizacija vpliva na sposobnost celic za življenje, te niso primerne kot standardna kontrola za izolacijske in biološke teste.
Formalin-fixed suspensions of R. solanacearum biovar 2 (strain NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857) at 106 cells per ml as positive controls for serological tests.
V formalinu fiksirane suspenzije bakterije R. solanacearum biovar 2 (sev NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857) s 106 celic na ml kot pozitivna kontrola za serološke teste.
Preparation of positive and negative controls for the core screening tests PCR/IF and FISH
Priprava pozitivne in negativne kontrole za jedrne presejalne teste PCR/IF in FISH
Produce a 48 hour culture of a virulent strain of R. solanacearum race3/biovar2 (e.g. strain NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857) on basal SMSA medium and suspend in 10 mM phosphate buffer to obtain a cell density of approximately 2 × 108 cfu per ml.
Ustvarimo 48-urno kulturo virulentnega seva bakterije R. solanacearum rasa 3/biovar 2 (npr. sev NCPPB 4156 = PD 2762 = CFBP 3857) na osnovnem gojišču SMSA in suspendiramo v 10 mM fosfatnega pufra, da dobimo gostoto celic približno 2 × 108 enot, ki tvorijo kolonije, na ml.
This is usually obtained by a faintly turbid suspension equivalent to an optical density of 0,15 at 600 nm.
To običajno dosežemo pri rahlo motni suspenziji, ekvivalentni optični gostoti 0,15 pri 600 nm.
Remove the heel end cores of 200 tubers taken from a white skin variety production known to be free from R. solanacearum.
Odstranimo jedra stolonov 200 gomoljev, ki smo jih izbrali iz vrste z belo kožo, za katero je znano, da je ni napadla bakterija R. solanacearum.
Process the heel ends as usual and resuspend the pellet in 10 ml.
Jedra stolonov obdelamo kot ponavadi in resuspendiramo peleto v 10 ml.
Prepare 10 sterile 1,5 ml microvials with 900 µl of the resuspended pellet.
Pripravimo 10 sterilnih 1,5 ml mikroepruvet z 900 µl resuspendirane pelete.