natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of individual vehicle deceleration profiles enables the calculation of the overall train deceleration profile.
Poznavanje profilov pojemka posameznega vozila omogoča izračun profila pojemka celotnega vlaka.
The deceleration profile includes the effect of:
Profil pojemka vključuje učinek:
the response time between brake demand and reaching full brake effort.
Odzivnega časa med zavornim ukazom in doseganjem polne zavorne sile.
Proportion of Braking Effort
Delež zavorne sile Zavorni ukaz
Te is the equivalent build-up application time and is defined as:
Te je enako razvojni čas uporabe in je opredeljen kot:
For pneumatic brake the end of the time t2 corresponds to 95 % of established brake cylinder pressure.
Pri pnevmatičnih zavorah končni čas t2 ustreza 95 % doseženega tlaka v zavornih valjih.
the corresponding function (deceleration = F(speed)) as defined as a succession of sections with a constant deceleration.
Ustrezne funkcije (pojemek = F(hitrost)), opredeljene kot zaporedje odsekov s konstantnim pojemkom.
Acceleration
Pospešek
Note: a denotes the instantaneous deceleration and V the instantaneous speed
Opomba: a pomeni trenutni pojemek, V pa trenutno hitrost.
Brake mass percentage:
Odstotek zavorne mase:
The brake mass percentage (lambda) is the ratio of the sum of the brake masses divided by the sum of the masses of the vehicles.
Odstotek zavorne mase (lambda) je količnik vsote zavornih mas, deljeno z vsoto mas vozil.
The method of determining the brake mass/brake mass percentage shall remain applicable in addition to the method of deceleration profiles; the manufacturer shall supply these values.
Metoda določanja zavorne mase/odstotka zavorne mase ostane v uporabi poleg metode profilov pojemka; te vrednosti zagotovi proizvajalec.
This information is required to be entered in the Rolling Stock Register.
Te podatke je treba vnesti v register železniškega voznega parka.
Braking power for an individual vehicle shall be determined in emergency braking for each braking mode (i.e. G, P, R, P + ep) available on the vehicle and for several loading conditions including at least tare and fully loaded.
Zavorna moč za posamezno vozilo se določa pri zasilnem zaviranju za vsak način zaviranja (npr. G, P, R, P + ep), ki je na razpolago na vozilu, in v različnih pogojih obremenitve, vključno s taro in polno natovorjenostjo.
G braking mode: brake mode used for freight trains with specified brake application time and brake release time.
Način zaviranja G: način zaviranja za tovorne vlake z določenim časom stiska zavor in časom popustitve zavor.
P braking mode: brake mode for freight trains with specified brake application time and brake release time and specified brake mass percentage.
Način zaviranja N: način zaviranja za tovorne vlake z določenim časom stiska zavor in časom popustitve zavor ter določenim odstotkom zavorne mase.
R braking mode: brake mode for passenger trains and fast freight trains with specified brake application time and brake release time as for braking mode P and specified minimum brake mass percentage.
Način zaviranja R: način zaviranja za potniške vlake in hitre tovorne vlake z določenim časom stiska zavor in časom popustitve zavor kakor v P načinu zaviranja ter določenim minimalnim odstotkom zavorne mase.
Ep brake (indirect Electro-pneumatic brake): assistance to indirect air brake that uses an electrical command on the train and electro-pneumatic valves on the vehicle and thus starts operating more rapidly and less jerkily than the conventional air brake.
Zavora ep (indirektna elektro-pnevmatična zavora): kot pomoč indirektni zračni zavori, ki uporablja električno krmiljenje na vlaku in elektropnevmatične ventile na vozilu in tako začne delovati hitreje in z manj sunki kakor konvencionalna zračna zavora.
Emergency braking: Emergency braking is a brake command that stops the train to ensure the specified level of safety without any brake system degradation.
Zasilno zaviranje: Zasilno zaviranje je zavorni ukaz, ki zaustavi vlak, da se zagotovi določena raven varnosti brez degradacije zavornega sistema.
The minimum braking performance for brake-modes G and P: shall be in accordance with the following table:
Minimalna zavorna zmogljivost za načina zaviranja G in P: je v skladu z naslednjo preglednico:
Braking Mode
Način zaviranja
Te range (s)
Te razpon (s)
Wagon Type
Vrsta vagona
Command Equipment
Oprema za krmiljenje
Load
naloženo
Requirement for running speed at 100km/h
Zahteva za vozno hitrost 100 km/h
Requirement for running speed at 120km/h
Zahteva za vozno hitrost 120 km/h
Braking mode “P” - 1,5 ≤Te ≤ 3 s
Način zaviranja „P“ - 1,5 ≤Te≤ 3 s
All
Vse
EMPTY
PRAZNO
Case A — composite blocks:
Primer A – sestavljeni zavornjaki:
Case B — other cases:
Primer B – drugi primeri:
S = 380 m, λ = 130 %, γ = 1,18 m/s2
S = 390 m, λ = 130 %, γ = 1,18 m/s2
Empty/
Prazno/
Device
menjalo
Intermediate Load
Srednja obremenitev
S = 380 m, λ = 130 %, γ= 1,18 m/s2
S = 390 m, λ = 130 %, γ = 1,18 m/s2 NALOŽENO
LOADED
NALOŽENO (Maks.
(Maximum = 22,5 t/axle)
= 22,5 t/os)
Case A — Brake only on wheels (Brake blocks):
Primer A – zaviranje samo na kolesih (zavornjaki):
S = greater of (S = 480 m, λ = 100 %, γ = 0,91 m/s2) or (S obtained with a mean retardation force of 16,5 kN per axle [5].
S = večje od (S = 480 m, λ = 100 %, γ = 0,91 m/s2) ali (S dobljen s srednjo zaviralno silo 16,5 kN na os [5].
Case B — Other cases:
Primer B – drugi primeri:
Variable load Relay
Različna obremenitev Rele
Variable load relay
Različna obremenitev Rele
S = greater of (S = 700 m, λ = 100 %, γ = 0,88 m/s2) or (S obtained with a mean retardation force of 16 kN per axle [6].
S = večje od (S = 700 m, λ = 100 %, γ = 0,88 m/s2) ali (S dobljen s srednjo zaviralno silo 16 kN na os [6].
Braking mode “G” — 9 ≤ Te≤ 15 s
Način zaviranja „G“ – 9 ≤ Te ≤ 15 s
There shall be no separate assessment of the braking power of wagons in position G. A wagon's braked mass in position G shall be the same as braked mass in position P
Ni ločene ocene za zavorno moč vagonov v položaju G. Zavrta masa vagona v položaju G je enaka zavrti masi v položaju P
This table is based on a reference speed of 100 km/h and an axle load of 22,5 t and 120 km/h and an axle load of 22,5 t. Higher axle loads can be accepted under specific operational conditions in accordance with national rules.
Ta preglednica temelji na referenčni hitrosti 100 km/h in osni obremenitvi 22,5 t ter 120 km/h in osni obremenitvi 22,5 t. Višje osne obremenitve se lahko sprejmejo pod posebnimi obratovalnimi pogoji v skladu z nacionalnimi predpisi.
The permitted maximum axle load shall be in accordance with the infrastructure requirements.
Najvišja dovoljena osna obremenitev je v skladu z infrastrukturnimi zahtevami.
If a wagon is equipped with a WSP, the above performance shall be achieved without activation of the WSP and according to the conditions in annex S.
Če je vagon opremljen z zaščitnimi napravami proti zdrsavanju koles (WSP), se zgornja zmogljivost doseže brez aktivacije WSP in v skladu s pogoji iz Priloge S.
If the brake pipe-emptying accelerator is separately installed on the wagon, it shall be capable of isolation from the brake pipe by a specific device.
Če je pospeševalni ventil za praznjenje zavornega voda ločeno nameščen na vagonu, ga mora biti mogoče izolirati od zavornega voda s posebno napravo.
The wagon shall be clearly marked to indicate this isolation device, or this device shall be secured in an “open” position by a seal.
Vagon ima jasno oznako, ki označuje to izolacijsko napravo, ali pa je ta naprava s pečatom fiksirana v položaju „odprto“.
The assembly of brake components shall be aimed to prevent any partial or full detachment of these components.
Montaža zavornih komponent je taka, da se prepreči delna ali celotna odstranitev teh komponent.
A device to automatically maintain the design clearance between the friction pair shall be provided.
Zagotovi se naprava, ki samodejno vzdržuje razdaljo med tornima komponentama.
A minimum of 15 mm clearance between the slack adjuster envelope and other components shall be provided.
Zagotovi se najmanj 15 mm razdalje med okvirjem regulatorja in drugimi komponentami.
Provision shall be made for the necessary free clearances for the slack adjuster extremities and connections to be maintained at all times.
Zagotovi se, da se stalno ohranjajo potrebne razdalje med skrajnimi konci regulatorja in priključki.
For slack adjusters within a bogie, there is no special envelope.
Za regulator znotraj podstavnega vozička ni posebnega okvirja.
But, for all design conditions, the minimum clearance necessary between the slack adjuster and other components shall be ensured to prevent contact.
Toda v vseh konstrukcijskih pogojih se zagotovi minimalna potrebna razdalja med regulatorjem in drugimi komponentami, da se prepreči stik.
Should a smaller clearance be required, the reasons why contact will not occur shall be demonstrated.
Če se zahteva manjša razdalja, se navedejo razlogi, zakaj ne bo prišlo do stika.
The vehicles shall be fitted with devices to enable the unused couplings to be suspended at least 140 mm above rail level to prevent both damage and, as far possible, penetration of foreign bodies into the interior coupling.
Vozila so opremljena z napravami, ki omogočajo, da neuporabljene spojne cevi visijo vsaj 140 mm od gornjega roba tirnice, da se preprečijo poškodbe in vnos tujkov v notranjost spenjače.
The energy storage shall be sufficient to obtain during an emergency braking at maximum speed, whatever the loaded state of the vehicle, the maximum brake effort without any further supply of energy (e.g. for indirect compressed air brake system: Brake Pipe only without replenishment by main reservoir pipe).
Shranjene je dovolj energije, da se med zasilnim zaviranjem pri največji hitrosti, ne glede na natovorjenost vozila, doseže največja zavorna sila brez dodatnega dovajanja energije (npr. za sistem indirektnih zračnih zavor: samo zavorni vod brez dopolnitve iz cevi glavne posode).
When a vehicle is equipped with WSP the above condition applies with the WSP fully operational (i.e. WSP air consumption).
Če je vozilo opremljeno z WSP, veljajo zgornji pogoji ob polnem delovanju WSP (tj. poraba zraka za WSP).
The brake system shall be designed to allow the vehicle to run on all existing lines of the trans-European conventional rail system.
Zavorni sistem je projektiran tako, da omogoča vožnjo vozila po vseh obstoječih progah vseevropskega železniškega sistema za konvencionalne hitrosti.
The brake system shall stop the vehicle loaded and maintain the speed of the vehicle without any thermal or mechanical damage in the following conditions:
Zavorni sistem zaustavi naloženo vozilo in ohranja hitrost vozila brez toplotnih ali mehanskih poškodb v naslednjih pogojih:
Two successive emergency braking applications from the maximum speed to a stop on straight and level track with minimum wind and dry rail.
Dve zaporedni zasilni zaviranji od največje hitrosti do zaustavitve na ravni in nivojski progi ob minimalnem vetru in suhih tirih.
Maintain a speed of 80 km/h in a slope with a mean declivity of 21 ‰ and a length of 46 km.
Ohranjanje hitrosti 80 km/h na nagibu s srednjo strmino 21 ‰ in dolžino 46 km.
(The south slope of St Gothard's line between Airolo and Biasca is the reference slope.)
(Referenčni nagib je južni nagib proge St Gothard med Airolom in Biasco.)
Wheel slide protection (WSP) is a system designed to make the best use of available adhesion by a controlled reduction and restoration of the brake force to prevent wheelsets from locking and uncontrolled sliding, thereby optimising stopping distance.
Zaščita proti zdrsavanju koles (WSP) je sistem, projektiran tako, da čim bolje izkoristi razpoložljivo lepenje z nadzorovanim omejevanjem in obnavljanjem zavorne sile ter tako prepreči blokiranje ali nenadzorovano zdrsavanje kolesnih dvojic, kar optimizira zavorno pot.
The WSP shall not alter the functional characteristics of the brakes.
WSP ne spreminja funkcionalnih značilnosti zavor.
The vehicle's air equipment shall be dimensioned such that the air consumption of the WSP does not impair the performance of the pneumatic brake.
Zračna oprema vozila je dimenzionirana tako, da poraba zraka za WSP ne oškoduje zmogljivosti pnevmatične zavore.
The design process of the WSP shall take into account that the WSP shall not have a detrimental effect on the constituent parts of the vehicle (brake gear, wheel tread, axle boxes, etc).
Proces projektiranja WSP upošteva, da WSP ne sme imeti škodljivega vpliva na sestavne dele vozila (zavorne naprave, kolesne obroče, pestnice itd.).
The following types of wagons shall be fitted with WSP:
Z WSP so opremljene naslednje vrste vagonov:
equipped with brake blocks made of cast iron or sintered material, for which the maximum mean utilisation of adhesion (δ)is greater than 12 %(Lambda ≥ 135 %).The maximum mean utilisation of adhesion is shown by calculating the mean adhesion (δ) from individual braking distances obtained from the possible range of vehicle mass. δ is therefore related to the measured braking distances necessary for determining the braking performance.
vagoni, opremljeni z zavornjaki iz litega železa ali sintranega materiala, pri katerih je največja srednja uporaba lepenja (δ) večja od 12 % (Lambda ≥ 135 %). Največja srednja uporaba lepenja se prikaže z izračunom srednjega lepenja (δ) iz posameznih zavornih razdalj, dobljenih iz možnega razpona mase vozila. δ je torej povezana z merjenimi zavornimi razdaljami, ki so potrebne za določanje zavorne zmogljivosti.
(δ = f(V, Te, Stopping distance).
(δ = f (V, Te, zavorna pot).
equipped with disc brakes only, for which the maximum utilisation of adhesion (see above for the definition of the maximum utilisation of adhesion (δ)) is greater than 11 % and less than 12 % (125<Lambda </= 135 %)..
vagoni, opremljeni samo z diskastimi zavorami, pri katerih je največja uporaba lepenja (za opredelitev največje uporabe lepenja (δ) glej zgoraj) večja od 11 % in manjša od 12 % (125<Lambda </= 135 %).
With maximum operating speed ≥ 160 km/h.
vagone z največjo obratovalno hitrostjo ≥ 160 km/h.
Freight wagons shall be designed to be able to work with compressed air compliant at least with class 4.4.5 as defined by ISO 8573-1.
Tovorni vagoni so konstruirani za delovanje s stisnjenim zrakom v skladu najmanj z razredom 4.4.5, kakor ga opredeljuje ISO 8573-1.
A Parking Brake is a brake used to prevent parked rolling stock moving under the specified conditions taking into account the place, wind, gradient and rolling stock loading state, until intentionally released.
Parkirna zavora je zavora, ki se uporablja za preprečevanje, da bi se parkirani železniški vozni park pod določenimi pogoji, ki vključujejo kraj, veter, naklon in stanje natovorjenosti železniškega voznega parka, premaknil, dokler ni parkirna zavora namenoma popuščena.
It is not compulsory for all wagons to be equipped with a parking brake.
Ni obvezno, da so vsi vagoni opremljeni s parkirno zavoro.
Operational rules, taking into account the fact that not all wagons in a train are equipped with these brakes, are described in the Traffic Operation and Management TSI.
Operativni predpisi, ki upoštevajo dejstvo, da niso vsi vagoni vlaka opremljeni s temi zavorami, so opisani v TSI Vodenje in upravljanje prometa.
If the wagon is equipped with a parking brake, it shall meet the following requirements.
Če je vagon opremljen s parkirno zavoro, izpolnjuje naslednje zahteve.
The power source for providing the parking brake effort shall be derived from a different power source than the Automatic Service/Emergency brake.
Vir energije, ki zagotavlja zavorno silo za parkirno zavoro, ni tisti vir, ki zagotavlja zavorno silo za avtomatsko/zasilno zavoro.
The parking brake shall operate on at least half of the wheelsets, with a minimum of 2 wheelsets per wagon.
Parkirna zavora deluje na vsaj polovico kolesnih dvojic, in sicer najmanj na 2 kolesni dvojici na vagon.
Where it is not possible to see the state of the parking brake, an indicator showing the state shall be provided on both sides on the outside of the vehicle.
Če ni mogoče ugotoviti stanja parkirne zavore, se na obeh straneh zunanjosti vozila zagotovi indikator, ki kaže stanje zavore.
The wagon parking brake shall be accessed and operated from the ground or on the vehicle.
Parkirna zavora vagona je dostopna in se upravlja z zemlje ali na vozilu.
Handles or hand wheels shall be used to operate the parking brake, but only hand wheels may be used for brakes operated from the ground.
S parkirno zavoro se upravlja z ročicami ali krmilnimi kolesi, toda za zavore, ki se upravljajo z zemlje, se lahko uporabljajo samo krmilna kolesa.
Parking brakes that are accessible from the ground shall be available on both sides of the vehicle.
Parkirne zavore, ki so dostopne z zemlje, so zagotovljene na obeh straneh vozila.
Handles or hand wheels shall apply the brakes when they are turned in a clockwise direction.
Ročice ali krmilna kolesa aktivirajo zavoro, če se obrnejo v smeri urnega kazalca.
Where the parking brake controls are fitted inside a vehicle, they shall be accessible from both sides of the vehicle.
Če so komande za parkirno zavoro nameščene v notranjosti vozila, so dostopne z obeh strani vozila.
Where the parking brake can be superimposed with other brake applications, either whilst moving or statically, the vehicle equipment shall be able to withstand the imposed loads for the life of the vehicle.
Če je parkirna zavora lahko nadgrajena z drugimi zavornimi aplikacijami, bodisi med premikanjem ali v mirovanju, oprema vozila prenese naloženo obremenitev v celotni življenjski dobi vozila.
It shall be possible to release the parking brake manually in an emergency situation at standstill.
Parkirno zavoro je mogoče sprostiti ročno v nujnih razmerah, ko vozilo miruje.
The parking brake shall conform to the table below
Parkirna zavora ustreza spodnji preglednici
Wagon not specifically listed below.
Vagoni, ki niso posebej navedeni spodaj.
At least 20 % of a fleet of wagons shall have a parking brake operated from the wagon (platform or gangway) or the ground,.
Vsaj 20 % voznega parka vagonov ima parkirno zavoro, ki se upravlja z (mostička ali podesta) vagona ali z zemlje.
Wagons built specifically for the transport of loads requiring precautions as follows or/and according to Council Directive 96/49/EC (RID):
Vagoni, zgrajeni posebej za prevoz tovorov, ki zahtevajo previdnost, kakor izhaja iz Direktive Sveta 96/49/ES (RID) ali v skladu z njo:
Livestock; fragile loads; compressed or liquefied gases; materials which give off inflammable gases when in contact with water causing combustion; acids; corrosive or combustible liquids; loads igniting spontaneously, catching fire or exploding easily. One per wagon operated from the vehicle (platform or gangway)
živina; lomljiv tovor; stisnjeni ali utekočinjeni plini; materiali, ki oddajajo vnetljive pline, ki se v stiku z vodo vnamejo; kisline; jedke ali vnetljive tekočine; tovori, ki se sami vnamejo, so lahko vnetljivi ali eksplozivni.
Wagons whose special fittings for accommodating the load shall be treated with caution, i.e. carboy, jar or cask wagons; tanks of aluminium; tanks lined with ebonite or enamel; crane wagons.
Ena zavora na vagon, ki se upravlja z vagona (z mostička ali podesta).
(or/and according to Council Directive 96/49/EC (RID)) One per wagon operated from the wagon (platform or gangway).
Vagoni, ki imajo posebne naprave za namestitev tovora, s katerimi je treba previdno ravnati, tj. posodni vagoni s kotli ali lonci; aluminijaste cisterne; cisterne, obložene z ebonitom ali emajlom; vagoni žerjavi (ali/in v skladu z Direktivo Sveta 96/49/ES (RID))
Wagons with a superstructure built specifically for the transport of road vehicles, including the multi-deck wagons for the transport of motor cars.
Ena zavora na vagon, ki se upravlja z vagona (z mostička ali podesta). Vagoni z nadgradnjo, ki je zgrajena posebej za prevoz cestnih vozil, vključno z večetažnimi vagoni za prevoz osebnih avtomobilov.
One per wagon operated from the wagon (platform or gangway) and 20 % of these having the parking brake also operated from the wagon floor.
Ena zavora na vagon, ki se upravlja z vagona (mostička ali podesta), in 20 % teh parkirnih zavor se upravlja tudi s tal vagona.
Wagons for the transport of de-mountable swap bodies for horizontal transhipment.
Vagoni za prevoz izmenljivih tovorišč za vodoravno pretovarjanje.
One per wagon operated from the ground.
Ena zavora na vagon, ki se upravlja z zemlje.
Wagons comprising several permanently coupled units
Vagoni, ki so sestavljeni iz več trajno spetih enot.
A minimum of two axles (on one unit)
Najmanj dve osi (na eni enoti).
The parking brake shall be designed such that fully loaded wagons shall be held in a gradient of 4,0 % with maximum adhesion of 0,15 with no wind.
Parkirna zavora je projektirana tako, da polno naloženi vagoni ostanejo v naklonu 4,0 % z največjim lepenjem 0,15, če ni nobenega vetra.
This parameter is not yet applicable for freight wagons.
Ta parameter se še ne uporablja za tovorne vagone.
Application of tags is not mandatory.
Pritrjevanje označevalnih ploščic ni obvezno.
If a wagon is fitted with radio-frequency identification devices (RFID-tag), the following specification shall be applied.
Če je vagon opremljen z napravo za radiofrekvenčno identifikacijo (označevalna ploščica RFID), se uporabi naslednja specifikacija.
Two ‘passive’ tags shall be fitted, one on each side of the wagon in the areas indicated in Annex F figure F.1, such that the unique identification number of the wagon can be read by a trackside device (the tag reader).
Pritrdita se dve „pasivni“ označevalni ploščici, po ena na vsaki strani vagona, in sicer na mestih, prikazanih v Prilogi F, slika F.1, tako da lahko naprava ob progi (čitalnik ploščic) prebere enotno identifikacijsko številko vagona.
When available, trackside devices (tag reader) shall be capable of decoding tags passing at a speed of up to 30 km/h and make this decoded information available to a ground-based data transmission system.
Če so na razpolago, naprave ob progi (čitalnik ploščic) lahko preberejo ploščice ob hitrosti do 30 km/h in te podatke dajo na razpolago zemeljskemu sistemu za prenos podatkov.
Typical installation constraints are given in the Annex F figure F.2 where the reader position is defined by a cone.
Tipične omejitve pri namestitvi čitalnikov so navedene v Prilogi F, slika F.2, kjer je položaj čitalnika opredeljen s stožcem.
The physical interactions between the reader and the tag, the protocols and the commands, and the collision arbitration schemes, shall conform to ISO18000-6 type A.
Fizična interakcija med čitalnikom in ploščico, protokoli in ukazi ter scenariji arbitraže ob trčenjih ustrezajo ISO18000-6, tip A.
When fitted, tag readers shall be positioned at entry and exit points of locations where train formation can be changed.
Čitalniki ploščic se namestijo na vstopnih in izstopnih točkah lokacij, kjer se sestav vlaka lahko spremeni.
The tag reader shall provide at a minimum to the interface with any data transmission system the following:
Čitalnik ploščic vmesniku s sistemom za prenos podatkov zagotavlja najmanj naslednje:
Unambiguous identification of the tag reader, among those that may be installed in the same location, in order to identify the track being monitored,
nedvoumno identifikacijo čitalnika ploščic izmed tistih, ki so lahko nameščeni na isti lokaciji, da se identificira tir, ki se spremlja,
Unique identification of every wagon passing,
enotno identifikacijo vsakega vagona, ki pelje mimo,
Time and date for each wagon passing.
čas in datum za vsak vagon, ki pelje mimo.
Time and date information shall be accurate enough in order that a subsequent processing system is able to identify the actual physical train composition.
Podatki o času in datumu so dovolj natančni, da lahko nadaljnji sistem za obdelavo identificira dejansko fizično vlakovno kompozicijo.
Inspections according to the maintenance plan shall include:
Inšpekcijski pregledi v skladu z načrtom vzdrževanja vključujejo:
presence of tags
prisotnost označevalnih ploščic,
correct response
pravilen odgovor,