natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
They are necessary for checking the exhaust split, and may be used to adjust PCV1 and PCV2 for precise split control.
Potrebna je za preverjanje razcepitve izpušnih plinov in se lahko uporabi za naravnavanje PCV1 in PCV2 za natančno krmiljenje razcepitve.
The dilution ratio is calculated from the tracer gas concentrations.
Razmerje redčenja se izračuna iz koncentracije sledilnih plinov.
Partial flow dilution system with multiple tube splitting, concentration measurement and fractional sampling
Sistem redčenja z delnim tokom s cepitvijo na več cevi, merjenjem koncentracije in z delnim vzorčenjem K sistemu
fresh air injection
Vpihavanje svežega zraku Zrak V ozračje
vent air
Zrak
Raw exhaust gas is transferred from the exhaust pipe EP to the dilution tunnel DT through the transfer tube TT by the flow divider FD3 that consists of a number of tubes of the same dimensions (same diameter, length and bend radius) installed in EP.
Nerazredčeni izpušni plini se iz izpušne cevi EP prenašajo v tunel za redčenje DT skozi cev za prenos vzorca TT z delilnikom toka FD3, ki ga sestavlja več cevi enake velikosti (enak premer, dolžina in krivinski polmer), nameščenih v EP.
The exhaust gas through one of these tubes is lead to DT, and the exhaust gas through the rest of the tubes is passed through the damping chamber DC.
Izpušni plini se skozi eno od teh cevi privedejo v DT, skozi druge cevi pa se izpušni plini prenašajo skozi dušilno komoro DC.
Thus, the exhaust split is determined by the total number of tubes.
Tako je razcepitev izpušnih plinov določena s skupnim številom cevi.
A constant split control requires a differential pressure of zero between DC and the outlet of TT, which is measured with the differential pressure transducer DPT.
Stalno krmiljenje cepitve zahteva diferenčni tlak nič med DC in izstopom iz TT, ki se izmeri s tipalom diferenčnega tlaka DPT.
A differential pressure of zero is achieved by injecting fresh air into DT at the outlet of TT.
Diferenčni tlak nič se doseže tako, da se v DT pri izstopu iz TT vbrizga svež zrak.
They are necessary for checking the exhaust split and may be used to control the injection air flow rate for precise split control.
Potrebna je za preverjanje razcepitve izpušnih plinov in se lahko uporabi za krmiljenje stopnje pretoka vbrizganega zraka za natančno krmiljenje razcepitve.
Partial flow dilution system with flow control and total sampling
Sistem redčenja z delnim tokom s krmiljenjem pretoka in celotnim vzorčenjem
optional to P (PSS)
Po izbiri k P (PSS) V ozračje
The total flow through the tunnel is adjusted with the flow controller FC3 and the sampling pump P of the particulate sampling system (see Figure 18).
Skupni pretok skozi tunel se naravna s krmilnikom pretoka FC3 in s črpalko za vzorčenje P sistema za vzorčenje delcev (glej sliko 18).
The dilution air flow is controlled by the flow controller FC2, which may use GEXHW, GAIRW, or GFUEL as command signals, for the desired exhaust split.
Pretok zraka za redčenje se krmili s krmilnikom pretoka FC2, ki lahko kot ukazne signale za želeno razcepitev izpušnih plinov uporablja GEXHW, GAIRW ali GFUEL (Gizpuh, Gzrak ali Ggorivo).
The sample flow into DT is the difference of the total flow and the dilution air flow.
Pretok vzorca v DT je razlika med skupnim pretokom in pretokom zraka za redčenje.
The dilution air flow rate is measured with the flow measurement device FM1, the total flow rate with the flow measurement device FM3 of the particulate sampling system (see Figure 21).
Stopnja pretoka zraka za redčenje se meri z napravo za merjenje pretoka FM1, stopnja skupnega pretoka pa z napravo za merjenje pretoka FM3 sistema za vzorčenje delcev (glej sliko 21).
The dilution ratio is calculated from these two flow rates.
Razmerje redčenja se izračuna iz teh dveh stopenj pretoka.
Figure 19
Slika 19
Partial flow dilution system with flow control and fractional sampling
Sistem redčenja z delnim tokom s krmiljenjem pretoka in delnim vzorčenjem k PB ali SB
to PB or SB
K sistemu za vzorčenje delcev
The exhaust split and the flow into DT is controlled by the flow controller FC2 that adjusts the flows (or speeds) of the pressure blower PB and the suction blower SB, accordingly.
Razcepitev izpušnih plinov in pretok v DT se krmilita s krmilnikom pretoka FC2, ki ustrezno uravnava pretok (oz. vrtilno frekvenco) tlačnega puhala PB ter sesalnega puhala SB, kot je ustrezno.
This is possible since the sample taken with the particulate sampling system is returned into DT.
To je mogoče, ker se vzorec, odvzet s sistemom vzorčenja delcev, vrne v DT.
GEXHW, GAIRW, or GFUEL may be used as command signals for FC2.
Kot ukazni signali za FC2 se lahko uporabijo GEXHW, GAIRW ali GFUEL (Gizpuh, Gzrak ali Ggorivo).
The dilution air flow rate is measured with the flow measurement device FM1, the total flow with the flow measurement device FM2.
Stopnja pretoka zraka za redčenje se meri z napravo za merjenje pretoka FM1, skupni pretok pa z napravo za merjenje pretoka FM2.
Components of Figures 11 to 19
Opisi k slikam 11 do 19
The exhaust pipe may be insulated.
Izpušna cev je lahko izolirana.
To reduce the thermal inertia of the exhaust pipe a thickness to diameter ratio of 0,015 or less is recommended.
Za zmanjšanje toplotne vztrajnosti izpušne cevi se priporoča razmerje debelina/premer 0,015 ali manj.
The use of flexible sections shall be limited to a length to diameter ratio of 12 or less.
Uporaba prožnih odsekov je omejena na razmerje dolžina/premer 12 ali manj.
Bends shall be minimised to reduce inertial deposition.
Zavojev naj bo čim manj, da se prepreči odlaganje zaradi vztrajnosti.
If the system includes a test bed silencer the silencer may also be insulated.
Če sistem vključuje glušnik preskusne naprave, je lahko izoliran tudi glušnik.
For an isokinetic system, the exhaust pipe must be free of elbows, bends and sudden diameter changes for at least 6 pipe diameters upstream and 3 pipe diameters downstream of the tip of the probe.
Pri izokinetičnem sistemu izpušna cev ne sme imeti kolen, zavojev in nenadnih sprememb premera vsaj 6 premerov cevi v smeri proti toku in 3 premere cevi v smeri toka od konice sonde.
The gas velocity at the sampling zone must be higher than 10 m/s except at idle mode.
Hitrost izpušnih plinov v območju vzorčenja mora biti večja od 10 m/s, razen v prostem teku.
Pressure oscillations of the exhaust gas must not exceed ± 500 Pa on the average.
Nihanja tlaka izpušnih plinov v povprečju ne smejo presegati ± 500 Pa.
Any steps to reduce pressure oscillations beyond using a chassis-type exhaust system (including silencer and aftertreatment devices) must not alter engine performance nor cause the deposition of particulates.
Morebitni ukrepi za zmanjšanje nihanj tlaka, razen uporabe izpušnega sistema na šasiji vozila (skupaj z glušnikom in napravami za naknadno obdelavo), ne smejo spreminjati zmogljivosti motorja niti povzročati odlaganja delcev.
For systems without isokinetic probe, it is recommended to have a straight pipe of 6 pipe diameters upstream and 3 pipe diameters downstream of the tip of the probe.
Pri sistemih brez izokinetične sonde se priporoča ravna cev 6 premerov cevi v smeri proti toku in 3 premere cevi v smeri toka od konice sonde.
SP Sampling probe (Figures 10, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19)
SP – sonda za vzorčenje (slike 10, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19)
The minimum inside diameter shall be 4 mm. The minimum diameter ratio between exhaust pipe and probe shall be 4.
Najmanjši notranji premer naj bo 4 mm. Najmanjše razmerje med premerom izpušne cevi in sonde naj bo 4.
The probe shall be an open tube facing upstream on the exhaust pipe centreline, or a multiple hole probe as described under SP1 in Section 1.2.1, Figure 5.
Sonda naj bo odprta cev na središčni črti izpušne cevi, ki gleda v smeri proti toku, ali sonda z več luknjami, skladno z opisom pod SP1 v točki 1.2.1, slika 5.
ISP Isokinetic sampling probe (Figures 11, 12)
ISP – izokinetična sonda za vzorčenje (sliki 11, 12)
The isokinetic sampling probe must be installed facing upstream on the exhaust pipe centreline where the flow conditions in section EP are met, and designed to provide a proportional sample of the raw exhaust gas.
Izokinetično sondo za vzorčenje je treba namestiti na središčno črto izpušne cevi tako, da gleda v smeri proti toku, kjer so na odseku EP izpolnjeni pogoji pretoka, zasnovana pa mora biti tako, da zagotavlja sorazmeren vzorec nerazredčenih izpušnih plinov.
The minimum inside diameter shall be 12 mm.
Najmanjši notranji premer naj bo 12 mm.
A control system is necessary for isokinetic exhaust splitting by maintaining a differential pressure of zero between EP and ISP.
Za izokinetično cepitev izpušnih plinov je potreben regulirni sistem, ki med EP in ISP vzdržuje diferenčni tlak nič.
Under these conditions exhaust gas velocities in EP and ISP are identical and the mass flow through ISP is a constant fraction of the exhaust gas flow.
Pod temi pogoji je hitrost izpušnih plinov v EP in ISP enaka, masni pretok skozi ISP pa je konstanten del pretoka izpušnih plinov.
ISP has to be connected to a differential pressure transducer DPT.
ISP mora biti povezana s tipalom diferenčnega tlaka DPT.
The control to provide a differential pressure of zero between EP and ISP is done with the flow controller FC1.
Krmiljenje, ki med EP in ISP zagotavlja diferenčni tlak nič, se zagotovi s krmilnikom pretoka FC1.
FD1, FD2 Flow divider (Figure 16)
FD1, FD2 – delilnik toka (slika 16)
A set of venturis or orifices is installed in the exhaust pipe EP and in the transfer tube TT, respectively, to provide a proportional sample of the raw exhaust gas.
V izpušni cevi EP in v cevi za prenos vzorca TT je nameščen komplet venturijevih cevi oziroma zaslonk, ki zagotavlja sorazmeren vzorec nerazredčenih izpušnih plinov.
A control system consisting of two pressure control valves PCV1 and PCV2 is necessary for proportional splitting by controlling the pressures in EP and DT.
Za sorazmerno cepitev je potreben regulirni sistem, ki sestoji iz dveh ventilov za krmiljenje tlaka PCV1 in PCV2 in regulira tlak v EP in DT.
Flow divider (Figure 17)
delilnik toka (slika 17)
A set of tubes (multiple tube unit) is installed in the exhaust pipe EP to provide a proportional sample of the raw exhaust gas.
V izpušni cevi EP je nameščen komplet cevi (enota z več cevmi), ki zagotavlja sorazmeren vzorec nerazredčenih izpušnih plinov.
One of the tubes feeds exhaust gas to the dilution tunnel DT, whereas the other tubes exit exhaust gas to a damping chamber DC.
Ena od cevi izpušne pline dovaja v tunel za redčenje DT, druge cevi pa izpušne pline odvajajo v dušilno komoro DC.
The tubes must have the same dimensions (same diameter, length, bend radius), so that the exhaust split depends on the total number of tubes.
Cevi morajo biti enake velikosti (enak premer, dolžina, krivinski polmer), tako da je razcepitev izpušnih plinov odvisna od skupnega števila cevi.
A control system is necessary for proportional splitting by maintaining a differential pressure of zero between the exit of the multiple tube unit into DC and the exit of TT.
Za sorazmerno cepitev je potreben regulirni sistem, ki med izstopom iz enote z več cevmi v DC in izstopom iz TT vzdržuje diferenčni tlak nič.
Under these conditions, exhaust gas velocities in EP and FD3 are proportional, and the flow TT is a constant fraction of the exhaust gas flow.
Pod temi pogoji sta hitrosti izpušnih plinov v EP in FD3 sorazmerni, pretok skozi TT pa je konstanten del pretoka izpušnih plinov.
The two points have to be connected to a differential pressure transducer DPT.
Obe točki morata biti povezani s tipalom diferenčnega tlaka DPT.
The control to provide a differential pressure of zero is done with the flow controller FC1.
S krmilnikom pretoka FC1 je omogočeno krmiljenje, ki zagotavlja diferenčni tlak nič.
EGA Exhaust gas analyser (Figures 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
EGA – analizator izpušnih plinov (slike 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
or NOx analysers may be used (with carbon balance method CO2 only).
Lahko se uporabljajo analizatorji CO2 ali NOx (pri metodi ugotavljanja ravnotežja ogljika samo CO2).
The analysers shall be calibrated like the analysers for the measurement of the gaseous emissions.
Analizatorji se kalibrirajo enako kot analizatorji za merjenje plinastih emisij.
One or several analysers may be used to determine the concentration differences.
Za določanje razlik koncentracije se lahko uporabi en ali več analizatorjev.
The accuracy of the measuring systems has to be such that the accuracy of GEDFW,i is within ± 4 %.
Točnost merilnih sistemov mora biti taka, da je točnost GEDFW,i v območju ± 4 %.
TT Transfer tube (Figures 11 to 19)
TT – cev za prenos vzorca (slike 11 do 19)
The transfer tube shall be:
Cev za prenos vzorca mora:
as short as possible, but not more than 5 m in length,
biti čim krajša, vendar ne daljša od 5 m,
equal to or greater than the probe diameter, but not more than 25 mm in diameter,
imeti enak ali večji premer, kot je premer sonde, vendar ne večjega od 25 mm,
exiting on the centreline of the dilution tunnel and pointing downstream.
izstopati na središčni črti tunela za redčenje in gledati v smeri toka.
If the tube is 1 meter or less in length, it shall be insulated with material with a maximum thermal conductivity of 0,05 W/m*K with a radial insulation thickness corresponding to the diameter of the probe.
Če je cev dolga 1 meter ali manj, mora biti izolirana z materialom, ki ima največjo toplotno prevodnost 0,05 W/m*K, radialna debelina izolacije pa mora ustrezati premeru sonde.
If the tube is longer than 1 meter, it must be insulated and heated to a minimum wall temperature of 523 K (250 °C).
Če je cev daljša kot 1 meter, mora biti izolirana in ogrevana na temperaturo sten najmanj 523 K (250 °C).
DPT Differential pressure transducer (Figures 11, 12, 17)
DPT – tipalo diferenčnega tlaka (slike 11, 12, 17)
The differential pressure transducer shall have a range of ± 500 Pa or less.
Tipalo diferenčnega tlaka mora zajemati območje ± 500 Pa ali manj.
Flow controller (Figures 11, 12, 17)
krmilnik pretoka (slike 11, 12, 17)
For isokinetic systems (Figures 11,12), a flow controller is necessary to maintain a differential pressure of zero between EP and ISP.
Pri izokinetičnih sistemih (sliki 11, 12) je potreben krmilnik pretoka za vzdrževanje diferenčnega tlaka nič med EP in ISP.
The adjustment can be done by:
Krmiljenje se lahko izvaja:
controlling the speed or flow of the suction blower SB and keeping the speed or flow of the pressure blower PB constant during each mode (Figure 11); or
s krmiljenjem vrtilne frekvence oziroma pretoka sesalnega puhala SB in z ohranjanjem konstantne vrtilne frekvence oziroma pretoka tlačnega puhala PB v posameznem načinu (slika 11) ali
adjusting the suction blower SB to a constant mass flow of the diluted exhaust gas and controlling the flow of the pressure blower PB, and therefore the exhaust sample flow in a region at the end of the transfer tube TT (Figure 12).
z naravnavanjem sesalnega puhala SB na konstanten masni pretok razredčenih izpušnih plinov in s krmiljenjem pretoka tlačnega puhala PB in s tem pretoka vzorca izpušnih plinov v območju na koncu cevi za prenos vzorca TT (slika 12).
In the case of a pressure controlled system the remaining error in the control loop must not exceed ± 3 Pa.
Pri sistemu s krmiljenjem tlaka preostali pogrešek v krmilni zanki ne sme presegati ± 3 Pa.
The pressure oscillations in the dilution tunnel must not exceed ± 250 Pa on the average.
Nihanja tlaka v tunelu za redčenje v povprečju ne smejo presegati ± 250 Pa.
For a multi-tube system (Figure 17), a flow controller is necessary for proportional exhaust splitting to maintain a differential pressure of zero between the exit of the multi-tube unit and the exit of TT.
Pri sistemu z več cevmi (slika 17) je potreben krmilnik pretoka za sorazmerno razcepitev izpušnih plinov za vzdrževanje diferenčnega tlaka nič med izstopom iz enote z več cevmi in izstopom iz TT.
The adjustment is done by controlling the injection air flow rate into DT at the exit of TT.
Prilagoditev se izvede s krmiljenjem stopnje pretoka zraka, vbrizganega v DT na izstopu iz TT.
PCV1, PCV2 Pressure control valve (Figure 16)
PCV1, PCV2 – ventil za krmiljenje tlaka (slika 16)
Two pressure control valves are necessary for the twin venturi/twin orifice system for proportional flow splitting by controlling the backpressure of EP and the pressure in DT.
Pri sistemu z dvojno venturijevo cevjo oziroma z dvojno zaslonko sta za sorazmerno razcepitev pretoka potrebna dva ventila za krmiljenje tlaka, ki krmilita protitlak v EP in tlak v DT.
The valves shall be located downstream of SP in EP and between PB and DT.
Ventila se namestita v smeri toka od SP v EP ter med PB in DT.
DC Damping chamber (Figure 17)
DC – dušilna komora (slika 17)
A damping chamber shall be installed at the exit of the multiple tube unit to minimise the pressure oscillations in the exhaust pipe EP.
Na izstopu iz enote z več cevmi se namesti dušilna komora, ki zmanjšuje nihanje tlaka v izpušni cevi EP na najmanjšo možno mero.
VN Venturi (Figure 15)
VN – venturijeva cev (slika 15)
A venturi is installed in the dilution tunnel DT to create a negative pressure in the region of the exit of the transfer tube TT.
Venturijeva cev je v tunelu za redčenje DT nameščena zato, da ustvarja negativen tlak v območju izstopa iz cevi za prenos vzorca TT.
The gas flow rate through TT is determined by the momentum exchange at the venturi zone, and is basically proportional to the flow rate of the pressure blower PB leading to a constant dilution ratio.
Stopnja pretoka plinov skozi TT se določa z izmenjavo impulzov v območju venturijeve cevi in je v osnovi sorazmerna stopnji pretoka tlačnega puhala PB, kar vodi v konstantno razmerje redčenja.
Since the momentum exchange is affected by the temperature at the exit of TT and the pressure difference between EP and DT, the actual dilution ratio is slightly lower at low load than at high load.
Ker na izmenjavo impulzov vpliva temperatura na izstopu iz TT ter razlika v tlaku med EP in DT, je dejansko razmerje redčenja nekoliko nižje pri manjši kot pri večji obremenitvi.
Flow controller (Figures 13, 14, 18, 19, optional)
krmilnik pretoka (slike 13, 14, 18, 19, po izbiri)
A flow controller may be used to control the flow of the pressure blower PB and/or the suction blower SB.
Krmilnik pretoka se lahko uporablja za krmiljenje pretoka tlačnega puhala PB in/ali sesalnega puhala SB.
It may be connected to the exhaust, intake air, or fuel flow signals and/or to the CO2 or NOx differential signals.
Lahko je priključen na izpuh, na polnilni zrak ali na signale pretoka goriva in/ali na diferenčne signale CO2 ali NOx.
When using a pressurised air supply (Figure 18), FC2 directly controls the air flow.
Kadar se uporablja dovod stisnjenega zraka (slika 18), FC2 neposredno krmili pretok zraka.
Flow measurement device (Figures 11, 12, 18, 19)
merilnik pretoka (slike 11, 12, 18, 19)
Gas meter or other flow instrumentation to measure the dilution air flow.
Plinomer ali drugi merilni instrumenti pretoka za merjenje zraka za redčenje.
is optional if the pressure blower PB is calibrated to measure the flow.
ni obvezen, če je tlačno puhalo PB kalibrirano za merjenje pretoka.
Flow measurement device (Figure 19)
merilnik pretoka (slika 19)
Gas meter or other flow instrumentation to measure the diluted exhaust gas flow.
Plinomer ali drugi merilni instrumenti pretoka za merjenje razdredčenih izpušnih plinov.
is optional if the suction blower SB is calibrated to measure the flow.
ni obvezen, če je sesalno puhalo SB kalibrirano za merjenje pretoka.
PB Pressures blower (Figures 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19)
PB – tlačno puhalo (slike 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19)
To control the dilution air flow rate, PB may be connected to the flow controllers FC1 or FC2.
Za krmiljenje stopnje pretoka zraka za redčenje se na krmilnik pretoka FC1 ali FC2 lahko priključi tlačno puhalo PB.
PB is not required when using a butterfly valve.
PB ni potrebno, če se uporablja dušilna loputa.
PB may be used to to measure the dilution air flow, if calibrated.
Če je PB kalibrirano, se lahko uporablja za merjenje pretoka zraka za redčenje.
SB Suction blower (Figures 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19)
SB – sesalno puhalo (slike 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19)
For fractional sampling systems only.
Samo pri sistemih za delno vzorčenje.
SB may be used to measure the diluted exhaust gas flow, if calibrated.
Če je SB kalibrirano, se lahko uporablja za merjenje pretoka razredčenih izpušnih plinov.
DAF Dilution air filter (Figures 11 to 19)
DAF – filter zraka za redčenje (slike 11 do 19)
It is recommended that the dilution air be filtered and charcoal scrubbed to eliminate background hydrocarbons.
Priporoča se filtriranje zraka za redčenje in čiščenje skozi aktivno oglje, da se iz ozadja odstranijo ogljikovodiki.
At the engine manufacturers request the dilution air shall be sampled according to good engineering practice to determine the background particulate levels, which can then be subtracted from the values measured in the diluted exhaust.
Na zahtevo proizvajalca motorja se zrak za redčenje vzorči skladno z dobro inženirsko prakso, da se določijo ravni delcev v ozadju, ti pa se nato lahko odštejejo od izmerjenih vrednosti v razredčenih izpušnih plinih.
DT Dilution tunnel (Figures 11 to 19)
DT – tunel za redčenje (slike 11 do 19)
The dilution tunnel:
Tunel za redčenje:
shall be of a sufficient length to cause complete mixing of the exhaust and dilution air under turbulent flow conditions;
mora biti dovolj dolg, da se izpušni plini in zrak za redčenje v vrtinčastem toku popolnoma premešajo,
shall be constructed of stainless steel with:
mora biti izdelan iz nerjavečega jekla in imeti:
thickness/diameter ratio of 0,025 or less for dilution tunnels with inside diameters greater than 75 mm;
za tunele za redčenje z notranjim premerom, večjim od 75 mm, razmerje debelina/premer 0,025 ali manj,
a nominal thickness of no less then 1,5 mm for dilution tunnels with inside diameters of equal to or less than 75 mm;
za tunele za redčenje z notranjim premerom, enakim ali manjšim od 75 mm, nazivno debelino najmanj 1,5 mm,
shall be at least 75 mm in diameter for the fractional sampling type;
mora imeti za delno vzorčenje premer najmanj 75 mm,
is recommended to be at least 25 mm in diameter for the total sampling type;
je priporočljivo, da ima za celotno vzorčenje premer najmanj 25 mm,
may be heated to no greater than 325 K (52 °C) wall temperature by direct heating or by dilution air pre-heating, provided the air temperature does not exceed 325 K (52 °C) prior to the introduction of the exhaust in the dilution tunnel;
se sme z neposrednim ogrevanjem ali s predogrevanjem zraka za redčenje ogreti na temperaturo sten največ 325 K (52 °C), pod pogojem, da temperatura zraka pred uvajanjem izpušnih plinov v tunel za redčenje ne presega 325 K (52 °C),
may be insulated.
je lahko izolirana.
The engine exhaust shall be thoroughly mixed with the dilution air.
Izpušni plini iz motorja morajo biti temeljito premešani z zrakom za redčenje.
For fractional sampling systems, the mixing quality shall be checked after introduction into service by means of a CO2-profile of the tunnel with the engine running (at least four equally spaced measuring points).
Pri sistemih za delno vzorčenje je treba ob začetku uporabe kakovost mešanja preveriti s profilom CO2 v tunelu pri delujočem motorju (najmanj štiri enakomerno razmaknjene merilne točke).
If necessary, a mixing orifice may be used.
Po potrebi se lahko uporabi mešalna zaslonka.
Note: If the ambient temperature in the vicinity of the dilution tunnel (DT) is below 293K (20 °C), precautions should be taken to avoid particle losses onto the cool walls of the dilution tunnel.
Opomba: Če je temperatura okolice v bližini tunela za redčenje (DT) pod 293 K (20 °C), je treba preprečiti izgubo delcev na hladnih stenah tunela za redčenje.
Therefore, heating and/or insulating the tunnel within the limits given above is recommended.
Zato se priporoča ogrevanje in/ali izoliranje tunela v okviru zgoraj navedenih mejnih vrednosti.