natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Machinery must be designed and constructed so that there is no area of shadow likely to cause nuisance, that there is no irritating dazzle and that there are no dangerous stroboscopic effects on moving parts due to the lighting.
Stroji morajo biti načrtovani in izdelani tako, da ni zasenčenih območij, ki bi lahko povzročila neprijetnosti, ne dražečega bleščanja in ne nevarnih stroboskopskih učinkov na gibljivih delih zaradi osvetlitve.
Internal parts requiring frequent inspection and adjustment, and maintenance areas must be provided with appropriate lighting.
Notranji deli, ki jih je treba pogosto pregledovati in nastavljati in območja vzdrževanja morajo biti primerno osvetljena.
Design of machinery to facilitate its handling
Načrtovanje strojev, ki olajšuje njihovo upravljanje
Machinery, or each component part thereof, must:
Stroji, ali vsaka njihova komponenta, morajo:
be capable of being handled and transported safely,
zagotavljati varno ravnanje in prevoz,
be packaged or designed so that it can be stored safely and without damage.
biti pakirani ali načrtovani tako, da jih je mogoče uskladiščiti varno in brez poškodb.
During the transportation of the machinery and/or its component parts, there must be no possibility of sudden movements or of hazards due to instability as long as the machinery and/or its component parts are handled in accordance with the instructions.
Med prevozom strojev in/ali njihovih komponent ne sme biti možnosti za nenadne premike ali nevarnosti zaradi nestabilnosti, dokler se s stroji in/ali njihovimi komponentami ravna skladno z navodili.
Where the weight, size or shape of machinery or its various component parts prevents them from being moved by hand, the machinery or each component part must:
Kadar teža, velikost ali oblika strojev ali njihovih različnih komponent onemogoča njihovo ročno premikanje, morajo biti stroji oziroma vsaka njihova komponenta:
either be fitted with attachments for lifting gear, or
opremljeni s priključki za dvižno napravo, ali
be designed so that it can be fitted with such attachments, or
načrtovani tako, da jih je mogoče opremiti s takšnimi priključki, ali
be shaped in such a way that standard lifting gear can easily be attached.
oblikovani tako, da je mogoče nanje zlahka priključiti standardno dvižno napravo.
Where machinery or one of its component parts is to be moved by hand, it must:
Kadar je treba stroj ali enega izmed njegovih sestavnih delov premikati ročno, mora biti:
either be easily moveable, or
lahko gibljiv, ali
be equipped for picking up and moving safely.
opremljen za varno dviganje in premikanje.
Special arrangements must be made for the handling of tools and/or machinery parts which, even if lightweight, could be hazardous.
Za ravnanje z orodji in/ali strojnimi deli, ki bi lahko bili nevarni, tudi če je njihova teža majhna, je treba vzpostaviti posebno ureditev.
Under the intended conditions of use, the discomfort, fatigue and physical and psychological stress faced by the operator must be reduced to the minimum possible, taking into account ergonomic principles such as:
V predvidenih razmerah uporabe morajo biti neudobje, utrujenost ter fizična in psihološka obremenitev upravljavca kar najbolj zmanjšani z upoštevanjem ergonomskih načel, kakor so:
allowing for the variability of the operator's physical dimensions, strength and stamina,
upoštevanje razlik med upravljavci glede telesnih mer, moči in vzdržljivosti,
providing enough space for movements of the parts of the operator's body,
zagotavljanje zadostnega prostora za gibanje delov upravljavčevega telesa,
avoiding a machine-determined work rate,
izogibanje delovnemu tempu, ki ga narekuje stroj,
avoiding monitoring that requires lengthy concentration,
izogibanje nadzoru, ki zahteva dolgotrajno zbranost,
adapting the man/machinery interface to the foreseeable characteristics of the operators.
prilagajanje vmesnika med človekom in strojem predvidljivim lastnostim upravljavcev.
Operating positions
Upravljalna mesta
The operating position must be designed and constructed in such a way as to avoid any risk due to exhaust gases and/or lack of oxygen.
Upravljalno mesto mora biti načrtovano in izdelano tako, da se preprečijo vsa tveganja zaradi izpušnih plinov in/ali pomanjkanja kisika.
If the machinery is intended to be used in a hazardous environment presenting risks to the health and safety of the operator or if the machinery itself gives rise to a hazardous environment, adequate means must be provided to ensure that the operator has good working conditions and is protected against any foreseeable hazards.
Če so stroji predvideni za uporabo v nevarnem okolju, ki predstavlja tveganje za zdravje in varnost upravljavca ali če ustvarjajo nevarno okolje sami stroji, morajo biti zagotovljena ustrezna sredstva za zagotavljanje dobrih delovnih razmer in zaščite upravljavca pred vsemi predvidljivimi nevarnostmi.
Where appropriate, the operating position must be fitted with an adequate cabin designed, constructed and/or equipped to fulfil the above requirements.
Kadar je to primerno, mora biti upravljalno mesto opremljeno z ustrezno kabino, načrtovano, izdelano in/ali opremljeno tako, da ustreza zgornjim zahtevam.
The exit must allow rapid evacuation.
Izhod mora omogočati hiter umik.
Moreover, when applicable, an emergency exit must be provided in a direction which is different from the usual exit.
Poleg tega mora biti, kadar je to primerno, zagotovljen zasilni izhod v smeri, ki se razlikuje od običajnega izhoda.
Seating
Sedenje
Where appropriate and where the working conditions so permit, work stations constituting an integral part of the machinery must be designed for the installation of seats.
Kadar je to ustrezno in to dopuščajo delovne razmere, morajo biti delovna mesta, ki so sestavni del stroja, načrtovana tako, da omogočajo namestitev sedežev.
If the operator is intended to sit during operation and the operating position is an integral part of the machinery, the seat must be provided with the machinery.
Če je predvideno, da upravljavec med delovanjem sedi in je upravljalno mesto sestavni del stroja, mora biti sedež dobavljen s strojem.
The operator's seat must enable him to maintain a stable position.
Sedež mora upravljavcu omogočati ohranjanje stabilnega položaja.
Furthermore, the seat and its distance from the control devices must be capable of being adapted to the operator.
Poleg tega morata biti sedež in njegova oddaljenost od krmilnih naprav prilagodljiva upravljavcu.
If the machinery is subject to vibrations, the seat must be designed and constructed in such a way as to reduce the vibrations transmitted to the operator to the lowest level that is reasonably possible.
Če so stroji izpostavljeni tresljajem, mora biti sedež načrtovan in izdelan tako, da blaži tresljaje, ki se prenašajo na upravljavca, na najnižjo razumno dosegljivo raven.
The seat mountings must withstand all stresses to which they can be subjected.
Nosilci sedeža morajo prenesti vse obremenitve, ki so jim lahko izpostavljeni.
Where there is no floor beneath the feet of the operator, footrests covered with a slip-resistant material must be provided.
Kadar pod nogami upravljavca ni tal, morajo biti zagotovljeni podnožniki, prekriti z materialom, odpornim proti drsenju.
CONTROL SYSTEMS
KRMILNI SISTEMI
Safety and reliability of control systems
Varnost in zanesljivost krmilnih sistemov
Control systems must be designed and constructed in such a way as to prevent hazardous situations from arising.
Krmilni sistemi morajo biti načrtovani in izdelani tako, da preprečujejo nastanek nevarnih situacij.
Above all, they must be designed and constructed in such a way that:
Predvsem morajo biti načrtovani in izdelani tako, da:
they can withstand the intended operating stresses and external influences,
vzdržijo predvidene delovne obremenitve in zunanje vplive,
a fault in the hardware or the software of the control system does not lead to hazardous situations,
napake v strojni ali programski opremi krmilnega sistema ne povzročajo nevarnih situacij,
errors in the control system logic do not lead to hazardous situations,
napake v logiki krmilnega sistema ne povzročajo nevarnih situacij,
reasonably foreseeable human error during operation does not lead to hazardous situations.
razumno predvidljive človeške napake med obratovanjem ne povzročajo nevarnih situacij.
Particular attention must be given to the following points:
Posebno pozornost je treba posvetiti naslednjemu:
the machinery must not start unexpectedly,
stroj se ne sme nepričakovano zagnati,
the parameters of the machinery must not change in an uncontrolled way, where such change may lead to hazardous situations,
parametri strojev se ne smejo nenadzorovano spreminjati, kadar lahko takšne spremembe povzročijo nevarne situacije,
the machinery must not be prevented from stopping if the stop command has already been given,
ustavitev strojev ne sme biti preprečena, potem ko je bil dan ukaz za ustavitev,
no moving part of the machinery or piece held by the machinery must fall or be ejected,
gibajoči se deli strojev ali deli, vpeti v stroj, ne smejo pasti ali odleteti,
automatic or manual stopping of the moving parts, whatever they may be, must be unimpeded,
samodejna ali ročna ustavitev kakršnih koli gibajočih se delov mora biti neovirana,
the protective devices must remain fully effective or give a stop command,
varovalne naprave morajo ostati popolnoma učinkovite ali sprožiti ukaz za ustavitev,
the safety-related parts of the control system must apply in a coherent way to the whole of an assembly of machinery and/or partly completed machinery.
deli krmilnega sistema, ki so povezani z varnostjo, se morajo skladno ujemati s celotnim sestavom strojev in/ali delno dokončanih strojev.
For cable-less control, an automatic stop must be activated when correct control signals are not received, including loss of communication.
Pri brezžičnem krmiljenju se mora sprožiti samodejna ustavitev, kadar ni sprejema pravilnih krmilnih signalov, vključno z izgubo povezave.
Control devices
Krmilne naprave
Control devices must be:
Krmilne naprave morajo biti:
clearly visible and identifiable, using pictograms where appropriate,
jasno vidne in razpoznavne s primerno uporabo piktogramov,
positioned in such a way as to be safely operated without hesitation or loss of time and without ambiguity,
nameščene tako, da jih je mogoče varno upravljati brez obotavljanja ali izgube časa in brez dvoumnosti,
designed in such a way that the movement of the control device is consistent with its effect,
načrtovane tako, da je gib krmilne naprave skladen s svojim učinkom,
located outside the danger zones, except where necessary for certain control devices such as an emergency stop or a teach pendant,
nameščene zunaj nevarnih območij, razen kadar je to potrebno za nekatere krmilne naprave, kakor so naprave za izklop v sili ali viseči krmilniki,
positioned in such a way that their operation cannot cause additional risk,
nameščene tako, da njihovo delovanje ne more povzročiti dodatnega tveganja,
designed or protected in such a way that the desired effect, where a hazard is involved, can only be achieved by a deliberate action,
načrtovane ali zaščitene tako, da je mogoče želeni učinek, ki vključuje nevarnost, doseči le z namernim dejanjem,
made in such a way as to withstand foreseeable forces; particular attention must be paid to emergency stop devices liable to be subjected to considerable forces.
izdelane tako, da prenesejo predvidljive sile; posebna pozornost mora biti namenjena napravam za ustavitev v sili, ki so lahko izpostavljene znatnim silam.
Where a control device is designed and constructed to perform several different actions, namely where there is no one-to-one correspondence, the action to be performed must be clearly displayed and subject to confirmation, where necessary.
Kadar je krmilna naprava načrtovana in izdelana za izvajanje več različnih funkcij oziroma kadar ne obstaja ujemanje ena proti ena, mora biti funkcija, ki bo izvedena, jasno označena in jo je treba, kadar je potrebno, potrditi.
Control devices must be so arranged that their layout, travel and resistance to operation are compatible with the action to be performed, taking account of ergonomic principles.
Krmilne naprave morajo biti urejene tako, da so njihov načrt, gibanje in odpornost proti delovanju združljivi s funkcijo, ki bo izvedena, ob upoštevanju ergonomskih načel.
Machinery must be fitted with indicators as required for safe operation.
Stroji morajo biti opremljeni s kazalniki, ki so potrebni za varno obratovanje.
The operator must be able to read them from the control position.
Upravljavec jih mora biti sposoben odčitati z upravljalnega položaja.
From each control position, the operator must be able to ensure that no-one is in the danger zones, or the control system must be designed and constructed in such a way that starting is prevented while someone is in the danger zone.
Upravljavcu mora biti omogočeno, da se lahko z vsakega upravljalnega položaja prepriča, da v nevarnih območjih ni nobenega, ali pa mora biti krmilni sistem zasnovan in izdelan tako, da je zagon onemogočen, dokler je kdor koli v nevarnem območju.
If neither of these possibilities is applicable, before the machinery starts, an acoustic and/or visual warning signal must be given.
Če nobena izmed teh možnosti ni izvedljiva, mora biti pred zagonom stroja oddan zvočni in/ali vidni opozorilni signal.
The exposed persons must have time to leave the danger zone or prevent the machinery starting up.
Izpostavljene osebe morajo imeti dovolj časa, da zapustijo nevarno območje ali preprečijo zagon stroja.
If necessary, means must be provided to ensure that the machinery can be controlled only from control positions located in one or more predetermined zones or locations.
Če je potrebno, morajo biti na voljo sredstva, ki zagotavljajo, da je stroj mogoče krmiliti le z upravljalnih položajev v enem ali več predhodno določenih območjih ali položajih.
Where there is more than one control position, the control system must be designed in such a way that the use of one of them precludes the use of the others, except for stop controls and emergency stops.
Kadar je upravljalnih položajev več, mora biti krmilni sistem načrtovan tako, da uporaba enega izmed njih prepreči uporabo ostalih, razen pri ukazih za ustavitev in izklop v sili.
When machinery has two or more operating positions, each position must be provided with all the required control devices without the operators hindering or putting each other into a hazardous situation.
Kadar imajo stroji dva ali več upravljalnih mest, mora biti vsak položaj opremljen z vsemi potrebnimi krmilnimi napravami, ne da bi se upravljavci med seboj ovirali ali spravljali v nevarnost.
Starting
Zagon
It must be possible to start machinery only by voluntary actuation of a control device provided for the purpose.
Zagon strojev sme biti mogoč le z namerno sprožitvijo krmilne naprave, predvidene v ta namen.
The same requirement applies:
Enaka zahteva se uporablja:
when restarting the machinery after a stoppage, whatever the cause,
pri ponovnem zagonu stroja po ustavitvi, ne glede na vzrok,
when effecting a significant change in the operating conditions.
pri izvajanju pomembne spremembe razmer obratovanja.
However, the restarting of the machinery or a change in operating conditions may be effected by voluntary actuation of a device other than the control device provided for the purpose, on condition that this does not lead to a hazardous situation.
Vendar pa se ponovni zagon strojev ali sprememba razmer obratovanja lahko opravi s prostovoljno sprožitvijo naprave, ki ni krmilna naprava, predvidena v ta namen, če to ne povzroči nevarnosti.
For machinery functioning in automatic mode, the starting of the machinery, restarting after a stoppage, or a change in operating conditions may be possible without intervention, provided this does not lead to a hazardous situation.
Pri strojih, ki obratujejo v samodejnem načinu, so zagon strojev, ponovni zagon po ustavitvi ali sprememba razmer obratovanja možni brez posredovanja, če to ne povzroči nevarnosti.
Where machinery has several starting control devices and the operators can therefore put each other in danger, additional devices must be fitted to rule out such risks.
Kadar imajo stroji več krmilnih naprav za zagon in lahko zato upravljavci eden drugega spravijo v nevarnost, morajo biti za odpravo takšnega tveganja nameščene dodatne naprave.
If safety requires that starting and/or stopping must be performed in a specific sequence, there must be devices which ensure that these operations are performed in the correct order.
Če se zaradi varnosti zahteva izvedba zagona in/ali ustavitve v posebnem zaporedju, morajo biti nameščene naprave, ki zagotavljajo izvajanje teh operacij v pravilnem zaporedju.
Stopping
Ustavitev
Normal stop
Normalna ustavitev
Machinery must be fitted with a control device whereby the machinery can be brought safely to a complete stop.
Stroji morajo biti opremljeni s krmilno napravo, s katero jih je mogoče varno popolnoma ustaviti.
Each workstation must be fitted with a control device to stop some or all of the functions of the machinery, depending on the existing hazards, so that the machinery is rendered safe.
Vsako delovno mesto mora biti opremljeno s krmilno napravo za ustavitev nekaterih ali vseh funkcij stroja, v odvisnosti od obstoječih nevarnosti, tako da postane stroj varen.
The machinery's stop control must have priority over the start controls.
Funkcija ustavitve stroja mora imeti prednost pred zagonskimi funkcijami.
Once the machinery or its hazardous functions have stopped, the energy supply to the actuators concerned must be cut off.
Ko so stroj ali njegove nevarne funkcije ustavljene, mora biti dovod energije k zadevnim sprožilom prekinjen.
Operational stop
Obratovalna ustavitev
Where, for operational reasons, a stop control that does not cut off the energy supply to the actuators is required, the stop condition must be monitored and maintained.
Kadar je iz obratovalnih razlogov funkcija ustavitve taka, da ne prekine dovoda energije k sprožilom, mora biti stanje ustavitve nadzorovano in vzdrževano.
Emergency stop
Ustavitev v sili
machinery in which an emergency stop device would not lessen the risk, either because it would not reduce the stopping time or because it would not enable the special measures required to deal with the risk to be taken,
stroji, pri katerih naprava za ustavitev v sili ne bi zmanjšala tveganja, bodisi zato, ker ne bi skrajšala časa za ustavitev, ali pa zato, ker ne bi omogočila izvedbe posebnih ukrepov, ki so potrebni za obvladovanje tveganja,
portable hand-held and/or hand-guided machinery.
prenosni ročni in/ali ročno vodeni stroji.
The device must:
Naprava mora:
have clearly identifiable, clearly visible and quickly accessible control devices,
imeti jasno razpoznavne, razločno vidne in hitro dostopne krmilne naprave,
stop the hazardous process as quickly as possible, without creating additional risks,
kar se da hitro ustaviti nevarni proces, ne da bi ustvarila dodatno tveganje,
where necessary, trigger or permit the triggering of certain safeguard movements.
kadar je potrebno, sprožiti ali dopustiti sprožitev določenih zaščitnih gibov.
Once active operation of the emergency stop device has ceased following a stop command, that command must be sustained by engagement of the emergency stop device until that engagement is specifically overridden; it must not be possible to engage the device without triggering a stop command; it must be possible to disengage the device only by an appropriate operation, and disengaging the device must not restart the machinery but only permit restarting.
Ko naprava za ustavitev v sili preneha aktivno delovati zaradi ukaza za ustavitev, mora naprava za ustavitev v sili ohranjati ta ukaz, dokler ni izrecno razveljavljen; sprožitev naprave ne sme biti mogoča brez ukaza za ustavitev; izklop naprave sme biti mogoč le z ustreznim dejanjem in po izklopu ta ne sme ponovno zagnati stroja, temveč samo dopustiti ponovni zagon.
The emergency stop function must be available and operational at all times, regardless of the operating mode.
Funkcija ustavitve v sili mora biti stalno na voljo in delovati, ne glede na način obratovanja.
Emergency stop devices must be a back-up to other safeguarding measures and not a substitute for them.
Naprave za ustavitev v sili morajo biti rezerva, ne pa nadomestilo za druge zaščitne ukrepe.
Assembly of machinery
Sestavljanje strojev
In the case of machinery or parts of machinery designed to work together, the machinery must be designed and constructed in such a way that the stop controls, including the emergency stop devices, can stop not only the machinery itself but also all related equipment, if its continued operation may be dangerous.
Stroji ali strojni deli, ki so načrtovani za skupno obratovanje, morajo biti načrtovani in izdelani tako, da lahko krmilne naprave za ustavitev, vključno z napravami za ustavitev v sili, poleg samih strojev ustavijo tudi vso povezano opremo, če je lahko njeno nadaljnje obratovanje nevarno.
Selection of control or operating modes
Izbira načina krmiljenja ali obratovanja
The control or operating mode selected must override all other control or operating modes, with the exception of the emergency stop.
Izbrani način krmiljenja ali obratovanja mora razveljaviti vse druge načine krmiljenja ali obratovanja z izjemo ustavitve v sili.
If machinery has been designed and constructed to allow its use in several control or operating modes requiring different protective measures and/or work procedures, it must be fitted with a mode selector which can be locked in each position.
Če je bil stroj načrtovan in izdelan tako, da ga je mogoče uporabljati v več načinih krmiljenja ali obratovanja, ki zahtevajo različne varovalne ukrepe in/ali delovne postopke, mora biti opremljen s stikalom za izbiro načina, ki se lahko zaskoči v vsakem položaju.
Each position of the selector must be clearly identifiable and must correspond to a single operating or control mode.
Vsak položaj izbirnega stikala mora biti jasno razpoznaven in mora ustrezati enemu samemu načinu obratovanja ali krmiljenja.
The selector may be replaced by another selection method which restricts the use of certain functions of the machinery to certain categories of operator.
Izbirno stikalo se lahko nadomesti z drugim načinom izbire, ki omejuje uporabo določenih funkcij stroja določenim vrstam upravljavcev.
If, for certain operations, the machinery must be able to operate with a guard displaced or removed and/or a protective device disabled, the control or operating mode selector must simultaneously:
Če mora biti pri določenih postopkih omogočeno obratovanje stroja z umaknjenim ali odstranjenim varovalom in/ali izklopljeno varovalno napravo, mora stikalo za izbiro načina krmiljenja ali obratovanja obenem:
disable all other control or operating modes,
onemogočiti vse druge načine krmiljenja ali obratovanja,
permit operation of hazardous functions only by control devices requiring sustained action,
dopuščati upravljanje z nevarnimi funkcijami le s krmilnimi napravami, ki zahtevajo trajno aktiviranje,
permit the operation of hazardous functions only in reduced risk conditions while preventing hazards from linked sequences,
dopuščati delovanje nevarnih funkcij le ob zmanjšanem tveganju in hkrati preprečevati nevarnosti iz povezanih zaporedij,
prevent any operation of hazardous functions by voluntary or involuntary action on the machine's sensors.
preprečevati vsako delovanje nevarnih funkcij z namernim ali nenamernim delovanjem na tipala stroja.
If these four conditions cannot be fulfilled simultaneously, the control or operating mode selector must activate other protective measures designed and constructed to ensure a safe intervention zone.
Če ti štirje pogoji ne morejo biti izpolnjeni hkrati, mora stikalo za izbiro načina krmiljenja ali obratovanja sprožiti druge varovalne ukrepe, načrtovane in izdelane z namenom zagotovitve varnega območja za delo.
In addition, the operator must be able to control operation of the parts he is working on from the adjustment point.
Poleg tega mora biti upravljavcu omogočeno krmiljenje delovanja delov, na katerih dela, z nastavitvene točke.
Failure of the power supply
Izpad oskrbe z energijo