natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In their letter of 8 January 2004, the Spanish Federation of Publishers (FGEE) considered that the aid measures under review are not in violation of EU legislation for the identical reasons invoked above by the Association of Portuguese Book Publishers.
V dopisu z dne 8. januarja 2004 je Špansko združenje založnikov (FGEE) izjavilo, da zadevni ukrepi ne kršijo zakonodaje Skupnosti iz istih razlogov, na katere se je sklicevalo Portugalsko združenje založnikov knjig.
In their letter of 12 January 2004, the European Newspaper Publishers’ Association (ENPA) considered that the aid measures under review are not in violation with EU legislation because:
V dopisu z dne 12. januarja 2004 je European Newspaper Publishers' Association (ENPA) menilo, da zadevni ukrepi ne kršijo zakonodaje Skupnosti, saj:
newspapers’ cross-border trade is negligible and should not cause competition concerns between Member States.
je čezmejna trgovina z dnevnimi časopisi nepomembna in ne povzroča težav konkurence med državami članicami.
This especially applies to regional newspapers which operate only within well-defined areas on the domestic market. The notable nature of competition in this sector remains on the national market;
To zlasti velja za regionalne dnevnike, ki delujejo zgolj na jasno začrtanem območju na notranjem trgu; posebna narava konkurence na tem področju ostaja na stopnji nacionalnega trga;
the minority of newspapers which are sold abroad are largely bought by expatriate nationals who wish to keep up to date on current affairs in their home country.
odstotek časopisov, ki se prodajo v tujini tamkaj živečim državljanom, ki želijo biti obveščeni o dogajanju v državi izvora, je zelo majhen.
For this relatively small number of consumers, to have access to an Italian language source of information and to be able to have access to a familiar brand is both linguistically and culturally highly important in value and this could only be provided by Italian publishers;
Za to relativno omejeno število potrošnikov je možnost dostopa do vira informacij v italijanskem jeziku in do znane blagovne znamke izrednega pomena, tako z jezikovnega kot s kulturnega stališča, to pa jim lahko zagotovijo le italijanski založniki;
in order for newspapers to remain competitive with other newer forms of media, e.g. internet, the industry desperately needs resources which are provided through the two schemes under review.
da bi časopisi ostali konkurenčni drugim oblikam sredstev javnega obveščanja, recimo internetu, industrija nujno potrebuje sredstva prek obeh obravnavanih shem pomoči.
If it did not receive this support, then sharp economic downturns such as the latest one, which has damaged most of Europe's newspaper sector because of the decline in advertising sales, will seriously jeopardise the future of the national industry.
Če te podpore ne bo prejela, bo ekonomska kriza enakega obsega, kot je bila zabeležena pred kratkim in ki je močno prizadela večji del trga časopisov v Evropi zaradi upada prodaje reklamnih oglasov, resno ogrozila prihodnost nacionalne industrije.
In its letter of 7 January 2004, the Federation of Italian Newspapers’ Publishers (FIEG) submitted a detailed argumentation to support its view that the measures under review are not to be considered as violating EU legislation because:
V dopisu z dne 7. januarja 2004 je Italijansko združenje založnikov časopisov (FIEG) s podrobno argumentacijo podprlo trditve, da obravnavanih ukrepov ni mogoče šteti za kršitev evropske zakonodajo, ker:
the support measures do not constitute State aid;
niso državna pomoč;
the support measures do not constitute aid in relation to activities for which there is no cross-border trade or competition between Member States and the EEA;
niso pomoč v zvezi z dejavnostmi, za katere ne obstaja čezmejna trgovina ali konkurenca med državami članicami in EGP;
the measures are compatible with the common market pursuant to Article 87(3)(d) of the EC Treaty.
so združljivi s skupnim trgom v skladu s členom 87(3)(d) Pogodbe ES.
COMMENTS OF THE ITALIAN AUTHORITIES
PRIPOMBE ITALIJANSKIH PRISTOJNIH ORGANOV
Comments to the opening of the procedure
Pripombe o začetku postopka
In order to allay the doubts expressed by the Commission in the opening decision, the Italian authorities submitted additional explanations and data supporting their view concerning the marginal incidence and the compatibility of the measures at hand.
Da bi pregnali dvome Komisije, ki jih je slednja izrazila v odločbi o začetku postopka, so italijanski pristojni organi predložili nadaljnje podatke in obrazložitve v potrditev svoje teze o nepomembnem vplivu obravnavanih ukrepov na trgovino ter o njihovi združljivosti.
The Italian authorities maintain aid to the publishing sector will have very limited effects on intra-EU trade due to the virtually non-existant diffusion of publishing products in Italian language outside their domestic market.
Italijanski pristojni organi trdijo, da bo imela pomoč založniškemu sektorju zelo omejen vpliv na trgovino znotraj Skupnosti glede na skorajda neobstoječo razširjenost založniških proizvodov v italijanskem jeziku zunaj italijanskega nacionalnega trga.
In particular they derive support for their analysis from the interpretation of the general principles outlined in the CELF judgment [20] as well as from statistical evidence and explanations submitted in response to the opening of the procedure.
V podporo svoji analizi se zlasti sklicujejo na tolmačenje splošnih načel v izreku sodbe CELF [20] ter na statistične podatke in obrazložitve, ki so bili posredovani v odgovoru na začetek postopka.
Concerning the principles outlined in the CELF judgment, in relation to books, the Italian authorities maintain that those principles should also be applicable to the other publishing products due to their similar characteristics and to the fact that readership of publishing products in the Italian language in the EU is even more limited than that in French.
Glede na načela iz izreka sodbe CELF v zvezi s knjigami, italijanski pristojni organi menijo, da bi se morala ta načela uporabljati tudi za druge založniške proizvode ob upoštevanju njihovih analognih lastnosti in dejstva, da je število bralcev založniških proizvodov v italijanskem jeziku v EU še manjše od števila bralcev v francoskem jeziku.
The two principles referred to are:
Citirani načeli sta:
‘Competition in the book sector (can) be limited by linguistic and cultural barriers and consequently, the effect on intra-EU trade should be limited’ [21];
„Konkurenca na knjižnem področju je (lahko) omejena z nekaterimi jezikovnimi in kulturnimi ovirami, zato bi morali biti posledično omejeni tudi vplivi na trgovino v okviru Skupnosti“ [21];
‘The European sector of typography and publishing continues to be more a juxtaposition of national markets than an integrated market at the European level, as indicated by the share of exports in the sector as a percentage of turnover.
„Evropski tiskarski in založniški sektor je še vedno bolj nekakšna jukstapozicija nacionalnih trgov kot pa združen trg v evropskem merilu, kar dokazuje nizka izvozna stopnja na tem sektorju glede na promet.
The multitude of languages spoken inside the Community constitutes an additional barrier to the ‘Europeanisation’ of the sector’ [22].
Številnost govorjenih jezikov znotraj Skupnosti je še dodatna ovira za ‚evropeizacijo‘ tega sektorja“ [22].
Concerning the situation of the Italian publishing market and the limited intra-EU trade in publishing products, the Italian authorities submitted statistical data to support their assertion and additional clarifications concerning the beneficiaries.
Glede stanja italijanskega založniškega trga in omejene trgovine z založniškimi proizvodi znotraj Skupnosti pa so italijanski pristojni organi predstavili statistične podatke, ki potrjujejo njihovo zagotovilo in nadaljnja pojasnila v zvezi z upravičenci.
In particular, the statistical data submitted indicates that:
Iz statističnih podatkov zlasti izhaja, da:
in the last 20 years the daily newspaper market in the Italian language has been characterised by a relative stagnation despite the fact that the Italian production system has significantly changed during that period [23].
se, kar zadeva časopise v italijanskem jeziku, v zadnjih 20 letih ugotavlja, da je trg zaznamovala velika stagnacija, kljub temu, da se je italijanski proizvodni sektor zelo spremenil [23].
In 2003 the number of copies sold daily has fallen back to the 1984 level;
Leta 2003 je število dnevno prodanih izvodov padlo na raven iz leta 1984;
the average daily diffusion of daily newspapers and the number of copies sold per 1000 habitants in Italy, France, Germany and Great Britain indicate that Italy lags significantly behind the other large EU Member States [24] and that the potential demand for publishing products is inferior to what could be reached by a country with the revenue per capita level of Italy;
povprečna dnevna razširjenost dnevnikov in število prodanih izvodov na 1000 prebivalcev v Italiji, Franciji, Nemčiji in Veliki Britaniji kaže, da je Italija vsekakor deficitarna v primerjavi z drugimi velikimi državami članicami EU [24] in da je potencialno povpraševanje po založniških proizvodih nižje od tistega, ki ga je država z dohodkom na prebivalca, kakršnega ima Italija, sposobna izraziti;
in 2001 the diffusion of Italian daily newspapers to the EU stands at 1,3 % of the total production, whereas for weekly and monthly publications the number stands at 0,8 % of the total production;
leta 2001 je znašala razširjenost italijanskih dnevnikov v EU 1,3 % celotne naklade, ta odstotek pa se na področju tednikov in mesečnikov spusti na 0,8;
between 1996 and 2001, the statistical data submitted to the Commission indicates that total exports (to both outside and inside EU) of daily, weekly and monthly publications represent between 0,7 % and 2,5 % of the total production;
podatki, ki jih je prejela Komisija, kažejo, da je med leti 1996 in 2001 celoten izvoz (tako znotraj kot izven EU) dnevnih, tedenskih in mesečnih publikacij predstavljal od 0,7 % do 2,5 % celotne naklade;
with regards to the multimedia publishing products, the Italian authorities submitted data concerning the aggregate exports of books and multimedia publishing products and services, to both outside and inside the EU in 2001, which shows that total exports are equal to 5 % of the total sales for these products.
glede multimedijskih proizvodov založniške narave so italijanski pristojni organi posredovali podatke o skupnem izvozu knjig, proizvodov in multimedijskih založniških storitev znotraj in izven EU v letu 2001, iz teh podatkov pa izhaja, da znaša skupni izvoz 5 % celotne prodaje naštetih proizvodov.
However, the Italian authorities specify that exports to the EU represent only a fraction of the aforementioned number and that the CD-ROMs and publishing services, as well as multimedia publishing products, account only for a very small part of the latter fraction.
Kljub temu italijanski pristojni organi pojasnjujejo, da predstavlja izvoz v EU samo del navedenega odstotka ter da cd-romi in založniške storitve ter multimedijski založniški proizvodi predstavljalo zgolj majhen delež navedenega dela.
Hence, the Italian authorities conclude that the diffusion of Italian multimedia publishing products in the EU is of negligible proportion;
Italijanski pristojni organi zato sklepajo, da je razširjenost multimedijskih proizvodov založniške narave v EU popolnoma zanemarljiva;
concerning the printing of newspapers and books, the Italian authorities underline that publishing products are typically printed close to their market so as not to penalise them with lateness as well as the importance of transportation costs in comparison to the value of the product;
glede dejavnosti tiskanja časopisov in knjig pa italijanski pristojni organi poudarjajo, da se založniški proizvodi običajno tiskajo v bližini trga, na katerem se ti proizvodi razširjajo, zato da ne bi bili kaznovani z zamudo in zaradi upoštevanja vpliva stroškov prevoza na vrednost izdelka;
concerning press agencies, the Italian authorities initially observe that international competition in this market can only be referred to foreign language news reports.
glede tiskovnih agencij italijanski pristojni organi na začetku ugotavljajo, da se mednarodna konkurenca lahko nanaša samo na poročila v tujem jeziku.
Further, they note that the only Italian player producing such reports is ANSA, for which the turnover for this type of report accounts for 0,3 % of the company's total turnover;
Edina italijanska agencija, ki dela poročila v tujem jeziku, je ANSA, njen promet za takšna poročila pa znaša 0,3 % njenega celotnega prometa;
to conclude on the issue of the limited trade affectation of the measures under review, the Italian authorities indicate that the aggregate share of Italian publishing products diffused in the EU is 0,3 % to 0,5 % of the EU market.
na koncu italijanski pristojni organi v zvezi z omejenim vplivom na trgovino obravnavanih ukrepov navajajo, da italijanski založniški proizvodi, razširjeni v okviru EU, pokrivajo le 0,3–0,5 % evropskega trga.
Pursuant to the information above, and in line with the principles outlined in the CFI judgment in the SIDE case [25], the Italian authorities maintain that the market for publishing products in the Italian language should be considered as distinct [26].
Na podlagi zgoraj navedenih podatkov in v skladu z načeli iz izreka sodbe v zadevi SIDE [25] italijanski pristojni organi trdijo, da bi moral trg založniških proizvodov v italijanskem jeziku veljati za samostojen trg [26].
Moreover, to underscore the fact that in their view both measures should be compatible with the common market pursuant to Article 87(3)(d) of the EC Treaty, the Italian authorities make reference to:
Da bi poudarili dejstvo, da bi po njihovem mnenju oba ukrepa morala veljati za združljiva s skupnim trgom v skladu s členom 87(3)(d) Pogodbe ES, se italijanski pristojni organi sklicujejo tudi na:
Article 151(1) of the EC Treaty, which state that ‘the Community shall contribute to the flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while respecting their national and regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore’;
člen 151(1) Pogodbe ES, ki določa, da „Skupnost prispeva k razcvetu kultur držav članic, pri čemer upošteva njihove nacionalne in regionalne raznolikosti ter hkrati postavlja v ospredje skupno kulturno dediščino“;
the Council Resolution of 12 February 2001 [27] and in particular the Council invitation to the Commission ‘when applying competition rules and rules on the free taking movement of goods, to take account of the specific value of the book as a cultural object and the importance of books in promoting cultural diversity, and of the cross-border dimension of the book market’ [28].
resolucijo Sveta z dne 12.2.2001 o izvajanju nacionalnih sistemov za določitev cen knjig [27], in zlasti poziv Sveta Komisiji „naj pri izvajanju predpisov o konkurenci in prostem pretoku blaga poleg transnacionalne dimenzije knjižnega trga upošteva tudi kulturno in značilno vrednost knjige ter njen pomen za pospeševanje kulturne raznolikosti“ [28].
Further, reference is also made to another recital from the aforementioned resolution which states that ‘homogeneous linguistic areas are an important area for distributing books and add a cross-border dimension to the book market, which needs to be taken into account’ [29];
Poleg tega opozarjajo na stališče iz imenovane resolucije, na podlagi katerega „homogena jezikovna področja pomenijo pomemben prostor za razširjanje knjige in knjižnemu trgu dodajajo nadnacionalno dimenzijo, ki jo je potrebno upoštevati“ [29];
the Council Resolution of 14 February 2002 [30] concerning the promotion of language diversity and language learning in the framework of the implementation of the objectives of the European Year of Languages 2001;
resolucijo Sveta [30] z dne 14.2.2002 o pospeševanju jezikovne raznolikosti učenja tujih jezikov v okviru izvajanja ciljev Evropskega leta jezikov 2001;
Article 22 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union [31], which reaffirmed the principle that the EU respects cultural, religious and linguistic diversity in Member States;
člen 22 Listine Evropske unije o temeljnih pravicah [31], ki ponovno potrjuje načelo, na podlagi katerega Evropska skupnost spoštuje kulturno, versko in jezikovno raznolikost v okviru držav članic;
Article 21 of the Italian Constitution, which guarantees the freedom of expression and pluralism as right to exert a fundamental democratic liberty; and the Italian authorities state that publishing products are a means to exert this right [32].
člen 21 italijanske ustave, ki zagotavlja pravico do svobodnega izražanja in do pluralnosti, ki štejeta za osnovni demokratični pravici; italijanski pristojni organi izjavljajo, da so založniški proizvodi sredstvo za izvajanje te pravice [32];
the Treaty of Maastricht which introduced the culture derogation under Article 87(3)(d) of the EC Treaty in order to overcome the limitations to the application of Article 87(3)(c) for the incentives to the culture sector.
Maastrichtsko pogodbo, ki uvaja kulturno odstopanje v skladu s členom 87(3)(d) Pogodbe EU zaradi premagovanja omejitev pri izvajanju člena 87(3)(c) v primerjavi s spodbudami na kulturnem področju.
In conclusion the Italian authorities state that, in the framework of the present procedure, given the absolute peculiarity of the publishing market, the need for public intervention to reverse a consolidated declining trend in the diffusion of publishing products on the domestic market, and the limited diffusion of the Italian language at the EU level, the Commission could only conclude that the maximum valorisation of the linguistic specificity is one of the key factors underpinning the culture derogation contemplated by Article 87(3)(d).
Na koncu italijanski pristojni organi izjavljajo, da bi, glede na absolutno posebnost založniškega trga, obstoj javne intervencije za preusmeritev upadajočega gibanja konsolidirane strukturalne narave pri razširjanju založniških proizvodov na nacionalnem trgu in omejeno razširjanje italijanskega jezika na ravni EU, Komisija lahko ugotovila le to, da je maksimalna valorizacija jezikovne izjeme eden izmed ključnih dejavnikov, na katerih temelji kulturno odstopanje iz člena 87(3)(d).
Hence, the measures under review, which favour the diffusion of publishing products in the Italian language in the domestic market, should be deemed to be compatible with the common market.
Zato bi ukrepe, ki so predmet preiskave in ki spodbujajo razširjanje založniških proizvodov v italijanskem jeziku na nacionalnem trgu, morali upoštevati kot združljive s skupnim trgom.
Comments to the interested parties’ observations
Komentarji k pripombam, ki so jih oblikovale tretje zainteresirane stranke
By letter dated 24 February 2004, the Italian authorities submitted their comments to the interested parties’ observations to the opening of the procedure.
V dopisu z dne 24.2.2004 so italijanski pristojni organi posredovali svoje komentarje k pripombam, ki so jih oblikovale tretje zainteresirane stranke v zvezi z začetkom postopka.
The Italian authorities noted the overall convergence with their own assessment of the trade affectation and compatibility of the measures under review.
Italijanski pristojni organi poudarjajo splošno ujemanje pripomb z njihovo oceno vplivanja na trgovino in združljivosti obravnavanih ukrepov.
Their main comments can be summarised by the following four considerations:
Njihove glavne pripombe je mogoče strniti v naslednje štiri ugotovitve:
the observations received further to the Commission's invitation were submitted by the five parties indicated in Section 4 of the present decision, which represent book and newspaper publishers in the 15 EU Member States as well as Cyprus, the Republic of Croatia, Lithuania, Norway and Slovenia;
pripombe, ki so prispele na poziv Komisije, je poslalo pet strank, navedenih v razdelku 4 te odločbe, te pa predstavljajo knjižne založnike 15 držav članic EU, Cipra, Hrvaške, Litve, Norveške in Slovenije;
the comments received from the interested parties are in line with those of Italy concerning the non-violation of EU competition law;
pripombe, ki so jih posredovale tretje zainteresirane stranke, se ujemajo s pripombami Italije, da ne gre za kršenje prava Skupnosti o konkurenci;
as outlined by ENPA, the market for periodical papers is essentially a national market and the proportionality of the measure is fulfilled since, given the structure of the market for publishing products, the latter is not able to produce any significant distortion to trade between Member States;
kot je poudarila ENPA, deluje trg revij pretežno na nacionalni ravni, upoštevano pa je tudi načelo proporcionalnosti ukrepa, saj trg založniških proizvodov zaradi svoje lastne strukture ne more povzročiti večjega izkrivljanja čezmejne trgovine;
as stated by FGEE, the aid amounts under consideration are limited.
kot je izjavila FGEE, je znesek zadevne pomoči omejen.
Further, the aid measures will have a very limited impact on trade between Member States because the economic activity is by definition centred on homogeneous linguistic areas which are subject to limited cross-border trade.
Ukrepi pomoči bodo imeli zato majhen vpliv na trgovino med državami članicami, saj je založniška dejavnost že po definiciji osredotočena na homogena jezikovna področja, ki beležijo zgolj omejeno čezmejno trgovino.
ASSESSMENT OF THE AID MEASURES
OCENA UKREPOV POMOCI
According to Article 87(1) of the EC Treaty ‘any aid granted by a Member State or through State resources in any form whatsoever which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring certain undertakings or the production of certain goods, shall, in so far as it affects trade between Member States, be incompatible with the common market’.
Na podlagi člena 87(1) Pogodbe ES „je nezdružljiva s skupnim trgom vsaka pomoč, ki jo dodeli država članica, ali kakršna koli vrsta pomoči iz državnih sredstev, ki izkrivlja ali bi lahko izkrivljala konkurenco z dajanjem prednosti posameznim podjetjem ali proizvodnji posameznega blaga“.
State resources and favouring of undertakings/economic activity
Državna sredstva, ki dajejo prednost nekaterim vrstam proizvodnje/gospodarske dejavnosti:
The Commission notes that the resources to fund both notified aid schemes come from the central government's budget and can thus be considered as State resources.
Komisija poudarja, da sredstva, namenjena financiranju obeh priglašenih shem pomoči, izhajajo iz centralnega vladnega proračuna, zato jih je mogoče upoštevati kot državna sredstva.
Moreover, on the basis of their definition, the schemes favour specific economic sectors, namely the publishing sector in which the beneficiaries perform an economic activity and can be regarded as undertakings within the meaning of Article 87(1) of the EC Treaty.
Poleg tega pa zadevne sheme glede na njihovo opredelitev dajejo prednost specifičnim področjem gospodarske dejavnosti, zlasti področju založništva, na katerem upravičenci izvajajo gospodarsko dejavnost in jih je mogoče šteti za podjetje v smislu člena 87(1) Pogodbe ES.
Selectivity
Selektivnost:
Both notified schemes are selective in that they are addressed respectively to undertakings active in the publishing sector and to undertakings producing publishing products.
Obe priglašeni shemi sta selektivni, saj sta namenjeni podjetjem, delujočim na področju založništva oziroma podjetjem, ki proizvajajo založniške proizvode.
Both schemes therefore provide sectoral aid.
Zato obe shemi dodeljujeta področno pomoč.
Economic advantage
Ekonomska prednost:
The two notified schemes both confer an economic advantage to their beneficiaries.
Obe priglašeni shemi pomoči dajeta upravičencem dvojno ekonomsko prednost.
Under the first scheme, the beneficiaries receive a subsidisation of the interest payable on bank loans for specific projects, which effectively reduces the financing costs of the beneficiary undertaking.
Na podlagi prve sheme upravičenci prejemajo pomoč v obliki obrestne subvencije za bančna financiranja, namenjena posebnim projektom, kar dejansko zmanjšuje stroške financiranja upravičenih podjetij.