natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Any applicant for a licence in one category who has passed a theory test for a licence in a different category may be exempt from the common provisions of points 2, 3 and 4.
Vsak kandidat za dovoljenje za eno kategorijo, ki že ima opravljene teoretične teste za dovoljenje za drugo kategorijo, je lahko oproščen splošnih določb iz točk 2, 3 in 4.
Content of the theory test concerning all vehicle categories
Vsebina teoretičnih testov za vse kategorije vozil
Questions must be asked on each of the points listed below, the content and form of the questions being left to the discretion of each Member State:
O vsaki izmed točk, naštetih spodaj, je treba postaviti vprašanje, vsebina in oblika vprašanj pa je prepuščena izbiri vsake države članice.
Road traffic regulations:
Cestno prometni predpisi:
in particular as regards road signs, markings and signals, rights of way and speed limits;
predvsem v zvezi s prometnimi znaki, označbami in signali, pravili prednosti in omejitvami hitrosti;
The driver:
Voznik:
importance of alertness and of attitude to other road users,
pomembnost pazljivosti in odnosa do drugih uporabnikov cest,
perception, judgement and decision-taking, especially reaction time, as well as changes in driving behaviour due to the influence of alcohol, drugs and medicinal products, state of mind and fatigue;
zaznavanje, presoja in odločanje, še zlasti reakcijski čas, kot tudi spremembe v obnašanju pri vožnji zaradi vpliva alkohola, mamil in zdravil, duševnega stanja in utrujenosti;
the most important principles concerning the observance of a safe distance between vehicles, braking distances and road holding under various weather and road conditions,
najpomembnejša načela glede spoštovanja varnostne razdalje med vozili, zavornih razdalj in oprijemanja cestišča v različnih vremenskih in cestnih pogojih,
driving risk factors related to various road conditions, in particular as they change with the weather and the time of day or night,
dejavniki tveganja pri vožnji v različnih pogojih na cesti, še zlasti, ker se spreminjajo z vremenom in so podnevi ali ponoči različni,
characteristics of various types of road and the related statutory requirements;
lastnosti različnih vrst cest in s tem povezane zakonske zahteve;
Other road users:
Drugi uporabniki cest:
specific risk factors related to the lack of experience of other road users and the most vulnerable categories of users such as children, pedestrians, cyclists and people whose mobility is reduced,
specifični dejavniki tveganja, povezani s pomanjkanjem izkušenj drugih uporabnikov cest, in najbolj ranljive kategorije uporabnikov, kot so otroci, pešci, kolesarji in težje gibljivi ljudje,
risks involved in the movement and driving of various types of vehicles and of the different fields of view of their drivers;
tveganja, povezana s premiki in vožnjo različnih vrst vozil in zaradi različnih vidnih polj njihovih voznikov;
General rules and regulations and other matters:
Splošna pravila in predpisi ter druge zadeve:
rules concerning the administrative documents required for the use of vehicles,
pravila o administrativnih dokumentih, potrebnih za rabo vozil,
general rules specifying how the driver must behave in the event of an accident (setting warning devices and raising the alarm) and the measures which he can take to assist road accident victims where necessary,
splošna pravila za ravnanje voznika v primeru nesreče (postavitev varnostnih naprav in sprožitev alarma) in ukrepi, ki jih lahko po potrebi izvede, da pomaga žrtvam prometne nesreče,
safety factors relating to the vehicle, the load and persons carried;
varnostni dejavniki glede vozila, prevažanja tovora in oseb;
Precautions necessary when alighting from the vehicle;
Potrebni varnostni ukrepi pri izstopanju iz vozila;
Mechanical aspects with a bearing on road safety; applicants must be able to detect the most common faults, in particular in the steering, suspension and braking systems, tyres, lights and direction indicators, reflectors, rear-view mirrors, windscreen and wipers, the exhaust system, seat-belts and the audible warning device;
Mehanični vidiki v zvezi s prometno varnostjo; vozniki morajo biti sposobni prepoznati najpogostejše napake, še zlasti na krmilnem, vzmetnem in zavornem sistemu, pnevmatikah, lučeh in smernih kazalcih, odsevnikih, vzvratnih ogledalih, vetrobranskem steklu in brisalcih, izpušnem sistemu, varnostnih pasovih in zvočnih opozorilnih napravah;
Vehicle safety equipment and, in particular, the use of seat-belts, head restraints and child safety equipment;
Varnostna oprema vozila in zlasti raba varnostnih pasov, naslonjal za glavo in varnostna oprema za otroka;
Rules regarding vehicle use in relation to the environment (appropriate use of audible warning devices, moderate fuel consumption, limitation of pollutant emissions, etc.).
Pravila za rabo vozila v odnosu do okolja (ustrezna raba zvočnih opozorilnih naprav, zmerna poraba goriva, omejitev emisij onesnaževalcev okolja itd.).
Specific provisions concerning categories A1, A2 and A
Posebne določbe za kategoriji A1, A2 in A
Compulsory check of general knowledge on:
Obvezno preverjanje splošnega znanja o:
Use of protective outfit such as gloves, boots, clothes and safety helmet;
uporabi zaščitnih potrebščin, kot so rokavice, škornji, oblačila in zaščitna čelada;
Visibility of motorcycle riders for other road users;
vidnosti voznikov motornih koles za druge uporabnike cest;
Risk factors related to various road conditions as laid down above with additional attention to slippery parts such as drain covers, road markings such as lines and arrows, tram rails;
dejavnikih tveganja, povezanih z različnimi pogoji na cesti, kakor so določeni zgoraj, z dodatno pozornostjo spolzkim delom, kot so pokrovi odtočnih kanalov, označbe na cesti, kot so črte in puščice, tramvajski tiri;
Mechanical aspects with a bearing on road safety as laid down above with additional attention to the emergency stop switch, the oil levels and the chain.
mehaničnih vidikih v zvezi s prometno varnostjo, kakor je določena zgoraj, z dodatno pozornostjo stikalu za ustavitev v sili, nivoju olja in verigi.
Specific provisions concerning categories C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E
Posebne določbe za kategorije C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 in D1E.
Rules on driving hours and rest periods as defined by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3820/85 of 20 December 1985 on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport [1]; use of the recording equipment as defined by Council Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 of 20 December 1985 on recording equipment in road transport [2],
pravilih o urah vožnje in počitkih, kakor so opredeljeni v Uredbi Sveta (EGS) št. 3820/85 z dne 20. decembra 1985 o usklajevanju določene socialne zakonodaje v zvezi s cestnim prometom [1]; o uporabi tahografa (nadzorne naprave), kakor je opredeljena z Uredbo Sveta (EGS) št. 3821/85 z dne 20. decembra 1985 o tahografu (nadzorni napravi) v cestnem prometu [2],
Rules concerning the type of transport concerned: goods or passengers;
pravilih glede vrste zadevnega prevoza: blaga ali potnikov;
Vehicle and transport documents required for the national and international carriage of goods and passengers;
dokumentih o vozilu in transportnih dokumentih, potrebnih za domači in mednarodni prevoz blaga in potnikov;
How to behave in the event of an accident; knowledge of measures to be taken after an accident or similar occurrence, including emergency action such as evacuation of passengers and basic knowledge of first aid;
ravnanju ob nesreči; znanju o ukrepih, ki jih je treba izvesti po nesreči ali podobnem dogodku, vključno z ukrepanjem v sili, kot sta evakuacija potnikov in osnovno znanje prve pomoči;
The precautions to be taken during the removal and replacement of wheels;
varnostnih ukrepih pri odstranjevanju in zamenjavi koles;
Rules on vehicle weights and dimensions; rules on speed limiters;
pravilih o teži in dimenzijah vozil; pravilih o napravah za omejevanje hitrosti;
Obstruction of the field of view caused by the characteristics of their vehicles;
oviranju vidnega polja zaradi lastnosti vozil;
Reading a road map, route planning, including the use of electronic navigation systems (optional);
branju cestne karte, načrtovanju poti, vključno z uporabo elektronskih navigacijskih sistemov (neobvezno);
Safety factors relating to vehicle loading: controlling the load (stowing and fastening), difficulties with different kinds of load (e.g. liquids, hanging loads, …), loading and unloading goods and the use of loading equipment (categories C, CE, C1, C1E only);
varnostnih dejavnikih, povezanih z natovarjanjem vozil: nadzor tovora (nalaganje in pričvrstitev), težave z različnimi vrstami tovora (npr. tekočine, viseči tovori, …), natovarjanje in raztovarjanje blaga ter uporaba opreme za natovarjanje (samo kategorije C, CE, C1, C1E);
The driver's responsibility in respect to the carriage of passengers; comfort and safety of passengers; transport of children; necessary checks before driving away; all sorts of buses should be part of the theory test (public service buses and coaches, buses with special dimensions, …) (categories D, DE, D1, D1E only).
voznikovi odgovornosti pri prevozu potnikov; udobju in varnosti potnikov; prevozu otrok; potrebnem pregledu pred začetkom vožnje; vse vrste avtobusov morajo biti del teoretičnih testov (avtobusi javnih služb in potovalni avtobusi, avtobusi s posebnimi dimenzijami, …) (samo kategorije D, DE, D1, D1E).
Compulsory check of general knowledge on the following additional provisions concerning categories C, CE, D and DE:
Obvezno preverjanje splošnega znanja o naslednjih dodatnih določbah za kategorije C, CE, D in DE:
The principles of the construction and functioning of: internal combustion engines, fluids (e.g. engine oil, coolant, washer fluid), the fuel system, the electrical system, the ignition system, the transmission system (clutch, gearbox, etc.);
načelih konstrukcije in delovanja: motorjev z notranjim izgorevanjem, tekočin (npr. motorno olje, hladilna tekočina, pomivalna tekočina), sistema goriva, električnega sistema, sistema vžiga, prenosa (sklopka, menjalnik itd.);
Lubrication and antifreeze protection;
podmazovanju in zaščiti pred zmrzovanjem;
The principles of the construction, the fitting, correct use and care of tyres;
načelih konstrukcije, montaže in pravilne uporabe pnevmatik ter njihovega vzdrževanja;
The principles of the types, operation, main parts, connection, use and day-to-day maintenance of brake fittings and speed governors, and use of anti-lock brakes;
načelih vrst, delovanja, glavnih delov, povezave, uporabe in dnevnega vzdrževanja zavorne opreme in regulatorja hitrosti ter uporabe sistema proti blokiranju koles;
The principles of the types, operation, main parts, connection, use and day-to-day maintenance of coupling systems (categories CE, DE only);
načelih vrst, delovanja, glavnih delov, povezave, uporabe in dnevnega vzdrževanja sistemov sklopk (samo kategoriji CE, DE);
Methods of locating causes of breakdowns;
metodah za določanje vzrokov okvar;
Preventive maintenance of vehicles and necessary running repairs;
preventivnem vzdrževanju vozil in potrebnih tekočih popravilih;
The driver's responsibility in respect of the receipt, carriage and delivery of goods in accordance with the agreed conditions (categories C, CE only).
voznikovi odgovornosti glede prevzema, prevoza in dobave blaga v skladu z dogovorjenimi pogoji (samo kategoriji C, CE).
TEST OF SKILLS AND BEHAVIOUR
PREIZKUS SPRETNOSTI IN RAVNANJA
The vehicle and its equipment
Vozilo in njegova oprema
The driving of a vehicle with manual transmission shall be subject to the passing of a skills and behaviour test taken on a vehicle with manual transmission.
Za vožnjo vozila z ročnim prenosom (menjalnikom) se opravi preizkus spretnosti in ravnanja na vozilu z ročnim menjalnikom.
If an applicant takes the test of skills and behaviour on a vehicle with automatic transmission this shall be recorded on any licence issued on the basis of such a test.
Če kandidat opravlja preizkus spretnosti in ravnanja na vozilu z avtomatskim prenosom (menjalnikom), se to navede v vsakem dovoljenju, izdanem na podlagi takšnega preizkusa.
Licences with this indication shall be used only for driving vehicles with automatic transmission.
Dovoljenja s takšno navedbo se uporabljajo samo za vožnjo vozil z avtomatskim menjalnikom.
‘Vehicle with automatic transmission’ means a vehicle in which the gear ratio between the engine and the wheels can be varied by use only of the accelerator or the brakes
„Vozilo z avtomatskim (prenosom) menjalnikom“ pomeni vozilo, pri katerem se prestavno razmerje med motorjem in kolesi lahko spremeni le z uporabo stopalke za plin ali zavor.
The vehicles used in tests of skills and behaviour shall comply with the minimum criteria given below.
Vozila, ki se uporabljajo pri preizkusih spretnosti in ravnanja, ustrezajo spodaj navedenim minimalnim merilom.
Member States may make provisions for more stringent criteria or add others.
Države članice lahko določijo strožja merila ali dodajo druga.
Category A1 motorcycle without sidecar, with a cubic capacity of at least 120 cm3, and capable of a speed of at least 90 km/h
motorno kolo kategorije A1 brez stranske prikolice s kubično prostornino nad 120 cm3, ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 90 km/h
Motorcycle without sidecar, with a cylinder capacity of at least 400 cm3, and an engine power of at least 25 kW
motorno kolo brez stranske prikolice s prostornino valja najmanj 400 cm3 in z močjo motorja najmanj 25 kW
Category A
Kategorija A:
Motorcycle without sidecar, with a cylinder capacity of at least 600 cm3, and an engine power of at least 40 kW
motorno kolo brez stranske prikolice s prostornino valja najmanj 600 cm3 in z močjo motorja najmanj 40 kW;
A four-wheeled category B vehicle capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h;
štirikolesno vozilo kategorije B, ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 100 km/h;
A combination, made up of a category B test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1000 kg, capable of a speed of at least 100 km/h, which does not fall within category B; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the motor vehicle; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the motor vehicle provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
kombinacija, sestavljena iz testnega vozila kategorije B in priklopnika z najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 1000 kg, ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 100 km/h in ne spada v kategorijo B; tovorni del priklopnika je sestavljen iz zaprtega dela, ki je širok in visok vsaj toliko kot motorno vozilo; zaprti del je lahko tudi nekoliko ožji od motornega vozila, če je pogled nazaj mogoč le z uporabo zunanjih vzvratnih ogledal motornega vozila; priklopnik ima najmanj 800 kg dejanske skupne mase;
A motor-powered quadricycle capable of a speed of at least 60 km/h;
štiricikel na motorni pogon, ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 60 km/h.
Category C:
Kategorija C:
A category C vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 12000 kg, a length of at least 8 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes, equipped with a gearbox having at least eight forward ratios and recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the vehicle shall be presented with a minimum of 10000 kg real total mass;
vozilo kategorije C, ki ima najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 12000 kg, dolžino najmanj 8 m, širino najmanj 2,40 m in ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 80 km/h; opremljeno s sistemom proti blokiranju koles, z menjalnikom, ki ima najmanj osem prestavnih razmerij za vožnjo naprej in tahograf, kakor je opredeljeno z Uredbo (EGS) št. 3821/85; tovorni del je sestavljen iz zaprtega dela, ki je najmanj tako širok in visok kot kabina; vozilo ima najmanj 10000 kg dejanske skupne mase;
either an articulated vehicle or a combination of a category C test vehicle and a trailer of at least 7,5 m in length; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall have a maximum authorised mass of at least 20000 kg, a length of at least 14 m and a width of at least 2,40 m, shall be capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h, fitted with anti-lock brakes, equipped with a gearbox having at least eight forward ratios and with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; both the articulated vehicle and the combination shall be presented with a minimum of 15000 kg real total mass;
bodisi zgibno vozilo bodisi kombinacija testnega vozila kategorije C in priklopnika dolžine najmanj 7,5 m; zgibno vozilo in kombinacija imata najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 20000 kg, dolžino najmanj 14 m in širino najmanj 2,4 m in lahko dosežeta najmanj 80 km/h; opremljena sta s sistemom proti blokiranju koles, z menjalnikom, ki ima najmanj osem prestavnih razmerij za vožnjo naprej, in tahografom, kakor je opredeljeno z Uredbo (EGS) št. 3821/85; tovorni del je sestavljen iz zaprtega dela, ki je najmanj tako širok in visok kot kabina; zgibno vozilo in kombinacija imata najmanj 15000 kg dejanske skupne mase;
A subcategory C1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85; the cargo compartment shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab;
vozilo podkategorije C1, ki ima najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 4000 kg, dolžino najmanj 5 m in ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 80 km/h; opremljeno s sistemom proti blokiranju koles in tahografom, kakor je opredeljeno z Uredbo (EGS) št. 3821/85; tovorni del je sestavljen iz zaprtega dela, ki je najmanj tako širok in visok kot kabina;
A combination made up of a subcategory C1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1250 kg; this combination shall be at least 8 m in length and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least as wide and as high as the cab; the closed box body may also be slightly less wide than the cab provided that the view to the rear is only possible by use of the external rear-view mirrors of the motor vehicle; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
kombinacija, sestavljena iz testnega vozila podkategorije C1 in priklopnika z najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 1250 kg; ta kombinacija je dolga najmanj 8 m in lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 80 km/h; tovorni del priklopnika je sestavljen iz zaprtega dela, ki je najmanj tako širok in visok kot kabina; zaprti del je lahko nekoliko ožji od kabine, če je pogled nazaj mogoč le z uporabo zunanjih vzvratnih ogledal motornega vozila; priklopnik ima najmanj 800 kg dejanske skupne mase;
A category D vehicle with a length of at least 10 m, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85;
vozilo kategorije D, ki ima dolžino najmanj 10 m, širino najmanj 2,40 m in ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 80 km/h; opremljeno s sistemom proti blokiranju koles in tahografom, kakor je opredeljen z Uredbo (EGS) št. 3821/85;
A combination made up of a category D test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1250 kg, a width of at least 2,40 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
kombinacija, sestavljena iz testnega vozila kategorije D in priklopnika, ki ima najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 1250 kg, širino najmanj 2,40 m in ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 80 km/h; tovorni del priklopnika je sestavljen iz zaprtega dela, ki je najmanj 2 m širok in 2 m visok; priklopnik ima najmanj 800 kg dejanske skupne mase;
A subcategory D1 vehicle with a maximum authorised mass of at least 4000 kg, with a length of at least 5 m and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; fitted with anti-lock brakes and equipped with recording equipment as defined by Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85;
vozilo podkategorije D1, ki ima najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 4000 kg, dolžino najmanj 5 m in ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 80 km/h; opremljeno s sistemom proti blokiranju koles in tahografom, kakor je opredeljen z Uredbo (EGS) št. 3821/85;
A combination made up of a subcategory D1 test vehicle and a trailer with a maximum authorised mass of at least 1250 kg and capable of a speed of at least 80 km/h; the cargo compartment of the trailer shall consist of a closed box body which is at least 2 m wide and 2 m high; the trailer shall be presented with a minimum of 800 kg real total mass;
kombinacija, sestavljena iz testnega vozila podkategorije D1 in priklopnika, ki ima najvišjo dovoljeno maso najmanj 1250 kg in ki lahko doseže hitrost najmanj 80 km/h; tovorni del priklopnika je sestavljen iz zaprtega dela, ki je najmanj 2 m širok in 2 m visok; priklopnik ima najmanj 800 kg dejanske skupne mase;
Testing vehicles for categories BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 and D1E which are not in conformity with the minimum criteria given above but which were in use on or before the moment of entry into force of this Directive, may still be used for a period not exceeding ten years after that date.
Testna vozila za kategorije BE, C, CE, C1, C1E, D, DE, D1 in D1E, ki niso v skladu z zgoraj navedenimi minimalnimi merili, so pa bila v uporabi ob začetku ali pred začetkom veljavnosti te direktive, se po tem datumu še vedno lahko uporabljajo za obdobje največ 10 let.
The requirements related to the load to be carried by these vehicles, may be implemented by Member States up to ten years from the moment of entry into force of Commission Directive 2000/56/EC [3].6.
Zahteve glede tovora, ki ga prevažajo ta vozila, lahko države članice uveljavijo najpozneje v desetih letih od začetka veljavnosti Direktive Komisije 2000/56/ES [3].6.
Skills and behaviour to be tested concerning categories A1, A2 and A
Preizkus spretnosti in ravnanja za kategorije A1, A2 in A
Preparation and technical check of the vehicle with a bearing on road safety
Priprava na vožnjo in tehnični pregled vozila z upoštevanjem prometne varnosti
Applicants must demonstrate that they are capable of preparing to ride safely by satisfying the following requirements:
Kandidati morajo pokazati, da so sposobni priprave na varno vožnjo, z izpolnitvijo naslednjih zahtev:
Adjust the protective outfit, such as gloves, boots, clothes and safety helmet;
pravilno namestijo zaščitno opremo, kot so rokavice, škornji, oblačila in zaščitna čelada;
Perform a random check on the condition of the tyres, brakes, steering, emergency stop switch (if applicable), chain, oil levels, lights, reflectors, direction indicators and audible warning device.
naključno preverijo stanje pnevmatik, zavor, krmilnega mehanizma, stikala za ustavitev v sili (če obstaja), verige, nivoja olja, luči, odsevnikov, smernih kazalcev in zvočne opozorilne naprave.
Special manoeuvres to be tested with a bearing on road safety
Preizkus izvedbe posebnih elementov z upoštevanjem prometne varnosti
Putting the motorcycle on and off its stand and moving it, without the aid of the engine, by walking alongside the vehicle;
naslonitev motornega kolesa na stojalo in z njega ter premikanje brez pomoči motorja s hojo ob vozilu;
Parking the motorcycle on its stand;
parkiranje motornega kolesa na stojalo;