natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The first tender stated explicitly that the funding would depend on a number of conditions related to the network roll-out.
V prvem razpisu je bilo izrecno navedeno, da bo podpora odvisna od različnih, z izgradnjo omrežja povezanih pogojev.
Moreover, the tenders did not give an indication of the possible amount of any funding.
Poleg tega razpisa nista vsebovala nobenih namigov glede možne višine zneska pomoči.
The respective tender specifications mentioned only that the annual transmission costs per programme channel were likely to vary between EUR 150000 and EUR 200000. The Commission therefore considers that the two tender procedures were not sufficiently transparent to ensure that the advantage deriving from Mabb's subsidy would be adequately reflected in broadcasters’ bids or to exclude any degree of selectivity [55].
V posameznih pogojih razpisa je bilo zgolj omenjeno, da bodo letni stroški oddajanja za programsko mesto predvidoma znašali med 150000 EUR in 200000 EUR. Zato po mnenju Komisije razpisna postopka nista bila dovolj pregledna za zagotovitev, da bo prednost, izhajajoča iz Mabb-ove subvencije, zadostno upoštevana v ponudbah televizijskih postaj, ali za izključitev vsakršne selektivnosti [55].
At network level, RegTP initiated a first procedure to allocate the frequencies for eight regional multiplexes on 10 July 2002 and a second procedure for one national multiplex on 27 November 2002 [56].
Na ravni omrežja je RegTP 10. julija 2002 sprožil prvi postopek za dodelitev frekvenc za osem regionalnih multipleksov in 27. novembra 2002 drugi postopek za nacionalni multipleks [56].
The Commission considers that these procedures were not sufficient to rule out a possible economic advantage to the network operator T-Systems as a result of Mabb's subsidy and may thus have distorted competition:
Ta postopka po mnenju Komisije nista zadoščala za izključitev morebitne, s subvencijo Mabb-a dodeljene gospodarske prednosti za omrežnega operaterja T-Systems, in sta zato lahko izkrivljala konkurenco:
Firstly, Mabb's financial assistance to broadcasters for using the DVB-T network was not mentioned in the tender specifications, nor was its exact amount actually determined at the time the tenders were published.
Prvič, razpisni pogoji niso omenjali finančne podpore v korist televizijskih postaj, ki jo je dodelil Mabb za uporabo omrežja DVB-T: nadalje natančna višina zneska podpore v času objave javnega razpisa sploh ni bila določena.
Bidders’ knowledge of the existence of the aid could not have been reflected in a correspondingly higher or better bid for the licence.
Ker so bili izdajatelji glede obstoja pomoči v nejasnosti, niso mogli oddati ustrezno višje ali boljše ponudbe za licenco.
The German argument that bidders could deduce what Mabb's planned financial assistance would be from the Switch-over Agreement signed on 13 February 2002 cannot be accepted.
Utemeljitve nemške zvezne vlade, da bi izdajatelji obstoj načrtovane finančne podpore Mabb-a lahko izpeljali iz sporazuma o prehodu, podpisanega 13. februarja 2002, ni mogoče sprejeti.
The Switch-over Agreement did not specify how Mabb would assist the roll-out of the DVB-T network, nor did it give an indication of the possible amount of any such funding.
V sporazumu o prehodu ni bilo navedeno, kako bo Mabb podprl izgradnjo omrežja DVB-T, prav tako sporazum ne vsebuje namiga o višini takšne pomoči.
Secondly, T-Systems as the operator and owner of the ATT network and as a participant in the earlier DVB-T pilot project in Berlin-Brandenburg enjoyed a considerable advantage over any new entrants when it came to submitting a bid.
Drugič, T-Systems je bil kot operater in lastnik analognega prizemnega omrežja ter kot udeleženec prejšnjega pilotnega projekta DVB-T v Berlin-Brandenburgu pri oddaji ponudbe v prednosti v primerjavi z novim izdajateljem na trgu.
Even if competitors could consider renting part of T-Systems’ terrestrial infrastructure in order to roll-out a DVB-T network, T-Systems as the incumbent operator of the terrestrial networks throughout Germany must still be seen to possess a comparative advantage over any new entrant.
Tudi če bi konkurenti od T-Systems lahko najeli del prizemne infrastrukture za izgradnjo omrežja DVB-T, je potrebno izhajati iz dejstva, da je imel T-Systems kot dotedanji operater prizemnega omrežja v celotni Nemčiji relativno prednost v primerjavi z vsakim novim izdajateljem.
Thirdly, T-Systems operates the DVB-T multiplexes formally allocated to the regional public service broadcaster RBB, thereby conferring on T-Systems the additional advantage of operating the part of the DVB-T network reserved for the transmission of the RBB and ARD channels.
Tretjič, T-Systems upravlja multiplekse DVB-T, ki so bili formalno dodeljeni regionalni javnopravni televizijski ustanovi RBB. To daje T-Systems še dodatno prednost upravljanja rezerviranega dela omrežja DVB-T za prenos programskih mest RBB in ARD.
T-Systems can thus exploit economies of scale and scope not available to competitors.
V nasprotju s konkurenti lahko T-Systems tako uporablja ekonomijo dosega in obsega, kar drugim ni na voljo.
Fourthly, as mentioned in paragraph 15, RegTP's publication for the allocation of the national multiplex specified that this multiplex must be operated by one and the same network operator, effectively keeping out regional contenders.
Četrtič, kot je že omenjeno v odstavku 15, je RegTP v objavi o dodelitvi nacionalnega multipleksa navedel, da ga mora upravljati en in isti omrežni operater, s čimer so bili izključeni regionalni izdajatelji.
It also specified that the respective frequencies for this multiplex were in fact not yet known, adding to the uncertainty of the DVB-T launches.
Poleg tega navaja, da podrobnosti o frekvencah za ta multipleks še niso znane, s čimer je bila nejasnost glede uvedbe DVB-T še večja.
The tender procedures at network level were thus characterised by a high degree of uncertainty and intransparency coupled with a strong position of the incumbent terrestrial network operator T-Systems.
Na ravni omrežja sta bili torej za razpisna postopka značilni visoka stopnja negotovosti in pomanjkljiva preglednost skupaj z močnim položajem dotedanjega prizemnega omrežnega operaterja T-Systems.
These elements made it difficult for any company other than the incumbent operator of the terrestrial network, T-Systems, to submit a bid for the operation of the network.
Zato je bila oddaja ponudbe za omrežnega operaterja otežena vsem drugim podjetjem razen dotedanjemu prizemnemu omrežnemu operaterju T-Systems.
Indeed, T-Systems was the only company which submitted a bid for the operation of the relevant multiplexes.
Dejansko je bil T-Systems edino podjetje, ki je oddalo ponudbo za upravljanje zadevnega multipleksa.
In its response to the decision to initiate the procedure, Germany has recognised that the network level is characterised by conditions which are not fully market-driven.
Nemčija je v odgovoru na odločbo o sprožitvi postopka preiskave priznala, da na področju organizacije upravljanja omrežja niso obstajali pogoji, ki bi bili v celoti tržno usmerjeni.
Reference is made to the strong position of the network operator T-Systems as the successor to the previous telecommunications monopoly [57].
Pri tem se opozarja na močan položaj omrežnega operaterja T-Systems kot naslednika prejšnjega monopola na področju telekomunikacij [57].
As T-Systems was in a favourable position to operate the DVB-T network, it may have submitted an offer that did not fully correspond to the economic advantage derived from the operation of the network.
Zaradi tega ugodnejšega izhodiščnega položaja za upravljanje omrežja DVB-T je T-Systems oddal ponudbo, ki morda ni v celoti ustrezala gospodarski prednosti, ki izhaja iz upravljanja omrežja.
The tender procedures must be therefore considered insufficient to exclude the selectivity of the measure and thus insufficient to prevent a distortion of competition.
Na razpisna postopka je torej potrebno gledati kot na nezadostna za izključitev selektivnosti ukrepa in s tem preprečitev izkrivljanja konkurence.
It may be added that, even if T-Systems submitted a bid during the tender procedure that reflected all direct and indirect economic advantages accruing to the bidder, this would not eliminate the sectoral aid aspects of the measure, which are discussed in paragraphs 74 to 83.
Tudi če bi T-Systems med razpisnim postopkom oddal ponudbo, ki bi upoštevala vse izkazane neposredne in posredne gospodarske prednosti za izdajatelja, to ne bi spremenilo dejstva, da ukrep izkazuje elemente sektorske pomoči, kot je to obrazloženo v odstavkih 74 do 83.
Different level of public support to commercial broadcasters
Razlike v v javni pomoči zasebnim televizijskim postajam
At the level of broadcasters, the measure distorts competition in that the share of the transmission costs covered by the subsidy is not the same for all CSBs.
Na ravni televizijskih postaj ukrep izkrivlja konkurenco tako, da delež stroškov oddajanja, ki ga krije subvencija, ni enak za vse zasebne televizijske postaje.
The share varies between 28 % and 50 % per DVB-T channel [58].
Delež znaša med 28 % in 50 % za programsko mesto DVB-T [58].
Another element of distortion between the individual CSBs is that RTL Group and ProSiebenSat.1 were allocated more channels in DVB-T than previously in ATT; all of these qualify for a subsidy.
Drug element izkrivljanja konkurence med posameznimi zasebnimi televizijskimi postajami je ta, da sta Skupina RTL in ProSiebenSat.1 v omrežju DVB-T dobila več subvencioniranih programskih mest, kot sta jih prej imela v analognem prizemnem omrežju.
In contrast, FAB and BBC World continue to have only one terrestrial channel each and, accordingly, they receive funding only for this one channel.
Nasprotno pa imata FAB in BBC World še naprej vsak le po eno prizemno programsko mesto in zato prejemata podporo le za to programsko mesto.
The differences in Mabb's subsidy to the respective CSBs distort competition since these broadcasters compete on the same relevant market for free-to-air television broadcasting.
Razlike v subvencijah za zasebne televizijske postaje izkrivljajo konkurenco, saj te postaje konkurirajo na istem ustreznem trgu za brezplačni sprejem televizijskega prenosa.
The Commission has consistently found that the provision of pay-TV constitutes a market separate from free-to-air television broadcasting [59].
Komisija je večkrat ugotovila, da plačljiva televizija predstavlja trg, ki je ločen od brezplačne televizije [59].
The markets are separate in particular with respect to the type of trading relationship which exists between the broadcaster and the revenue provider (e.g. subscriber or advertiser) as well as with respect to the form of funding, with pay-TV being financed primarily by subscription fees while free-to-air television is financed by public authorities and/or by advertising revenue [60].
Ta ločitev temelji predvsem na razlikah v vrsti tržnega odnosa med televizijsko postajo in virom dohodka (na primer naročnikom ali oglaševalcem) kot tudi na razlikah v vrsti financiranja, saj se plačljiva televizija v prvi vrsti financira iz naročnin, medtem ko se brezplačna televizija financira s strani države in/ali s prihodki iz oglaševanja [60].
In the case at hand, the recipients of Mabb's subsidy compete more specifically with each other for advertising or other commercial revenue since they are commercially funded [61].
V zadevnem primeru prejemniki Mabb-ove subvencije konkurirajo predvsem za prihodek iz oglaševanja ali druge tržne prihodke, saj se financirajo tržno [61].
While an element of distortion is present in the case of the CSBs, the measure does not seem to place PSBs at a disadvantage which, however, do not receive assistance by Mabb.
Čeprav ukrep v primeru zasebnih televizijskih postaj vodi do določenega izkrivljanja konkurence, pa tukaj očitno ne gre za zapostavljanje javnopravnih televizijskih hiš, ki jih Mabb ne podpira.
The reason is that the DVB-T transmission of PSBs is financed through the compulsory licence fee.
Razlog leži v tem, da se prenos DVB-T za javnopravne televizijske hiše financira iz RTV-naročnine.
Sectoral aid
Sektorska pomoč
The Commission also considers that the measure under investigation is selective in so far as the subsidy is granted to broadcasters who use the DVB-T platform rolled out by T-Systems and does not, for example, support broadcasters who use other transmission platforms.
Po mnenju Komisije je ukrep, ki je predmet preiskave, selektiven do te mere, da se subvencija dodeli televizijskim postajam, ki uporabljajo omrežje DVB-T, ki ga je zgradil T-Systems, medtem ko na primer televizijske postaje, ki uporabljajo druge prenosne poti, pomoči niso deležne.
As noted in the decision to initiate the procedure, the measure can therefore be regarded as ‘sectoral aid’.
Kot je določeno v odločbi o sprožitvi postopka preiskave, je zato ukrep mogoče označiti za „sektorsko pomoč“.
At the level of broadcasters, sectoral aid helps companies to reach a wider audience and thus to increase their attraction for advertisers as against other media.
Na ravni televizijskih postaj lahko sektorska pomoč izdajateljem programa pomaga pridobiti večje število gledalcev ter jih tako naredi privlačnejše za oglaševalce v škodo drugih medijev.
In merger cases, the Commission has defined a product market for ‘media buying’ which includes a large number of different types of media [62].
V primerih združitve je Komisija opredelila proizvodni trg za „medijski zakup“ („media buying“), ki zajema veliko število različnih vrst medijev [62].
‘Media buying’ is defined as planning and purchasing time and/or space in various media, including television, radio, newspapers, magazines, billboards and the Internet.
„Medijski zakup“ je opredeljen kot načrtovanje in zakup časa in/ali površine v različnih medijih, vključno s televizijo, radiem, časopisi, revijami, panoji in internetom.
From this perspective, sectoral aid to television via DVB-T has the potential to distort competition in a number of other media sectors.
S tega vidika lahko sektorske pomoči za televizijski prenos prek DVB-T izkrivljajo konkurenco v različnih drugih medijskih sektorjih.
At the level of network operators, the measure distorts competition in two ways.
Na ravni omrežnega operaterja ukrep izkrivlja konkurenco na dva načina.
Firstly, on the wholesale market, the presence of a subsidy allows the operator of the DVB-T network to charge broadcasters higher transmission prices than under normal market conditions.
Prvič, zaradi subvencije lahko operater omrežja DVB-T na veleprodajnem trgu od televizijskih postaj zahteva višje cene za prenos, kot bi jih pod normalnimi tržnimi pogoji.
Secondly and more importantly, on the retail market, the selective support and ‘artificial’ development of a competing transmission technology affect the viewers’ decision between the different broadcasting platforms, in particular DVB-T, cable and direct-to-home satellite.
Drugič, kar je pomembnejše, selektivna podpora in „umeten“ razvoj konkurenčne tehnologije prenosa na maloprodajnem trgu vplivata na odločitev gledalca pri izbiri med različnimi prenosnimi potmi, zlasti med DVB-T, kabelskim priključkom in satelitskim sprejemom.
In antitrust and merger cases, the substitutability between the different broadcasting platforms at retail level has been decided on a case-by-case basis [63].
Pri kartelih in združitvah se je o zamenljivosti različnih prenosnih poti na maloprodajnem trgu doslej odločalo na osnovi posameznega primera [63].
More recently, however, there is a tendency to define a single market for broadcasting services, irrespective of the transmission platform [64].
V zadnjem času obstaja težnja po opredelitvi enotnega trga za storitve radiodifuzije, ne glede na prenosno platformo [64].
This reflects inter alia the advent of DVB-T, which has increased the capacity of the terrestrial platform, and the decrease in the prices for reception equipment such as satellite dishes or set-top boxes, which has reduced the ‘lock-in effect’ [65].
To med drugim odseva nastanek DVB-T, ki je povečal zmogljivost prizemne platforme, kot tudi znižanje cen za opremo za sprejem, kot sta satelitski krožnik ali TV-komunikator, s čimer se je zmanjšal učinek zaprtega sistema (Lock-in Effect) [65].
In Germany all three transmission platforms offer a large number of free-to-air television channels, which points to a certain similarity of offer.
V Nemčiji vse tri prenosne platforme ponujajo veliko brezplačnih televizijskih programov, iz česar izhaja določena podobnost ponudbe.
More specifically, the current offer of in total 28 channels in DVB-T in Berlin-Brandenburg is nearly as comprehensive as the offer in analogue cable (with about 34 channels), which is the most common transmission platform in Berlin-Brandenburg.
DVB-T v Berlin-Brandenburgu trenutno ponuja 28 programov, kar je skoraj tako obširna ponudba kot ponudba analogne kabelske televizije, ki je na tem območju najbolj razširjena prenosna platforma (kabelska televizija ponuja okoli 34 programov).
In particular, DVB-T includes all important programme channels in terms of viewer share and advertising revenue [66].
Predvsem DVB-T zajema z vidika deleža gledalcev in prihodkov iz oglaševanja vse pomembnejše programe [66].
Moreover, the complaints received from satellite and cable operators suggest a perceived substitutability between platforms.
Poleg tega je mogoče iz pritožb satelitskih in kabelskih operaterjev sklepati, da so platforme medsebojno zamenljive.
In the case of Berlin-Brandenburg, there is also empirical evidence of the substitutability between the different transmission platforms and, more particularly, of the competitive effect of the DVB-T launch on cable.
Za Berlin-Brandenburg obstajajo empirični podatki o zamenljivosti različnih prenosnih poti in zlasti o konkurenčnem učinku uvedbe DVB-T na kabel.
The data collected during and after the switch-over in Berlin-Brandenburg show that the position of the terrestrial transmission has been strengthened since switch-over and there has been some substitution of cable by terrestrial transmission even though the substitution was initially, i.e. during switch-over, stronger in the other direction [67].
Podatki, ki so bili zbrani med prehodom in po njem v Berlin-Brandenburgu, kažejo, da se je položaj prizemnega prenosa po prehodu okrepil in da je prizemni prenos v določenem obsegu nadomestil kabelskega, čeprav je bila nadomestitev na začetku, tj. med prehodom, močnejša v obratni smeri [67].
Figure 1 shows that, most recently, the share of households in Berlin-Brandenburg relying on terrestrial TV reception has increased very strongly from 5,3 % in 2004 to 11,4 % in 2005.
Diagram 2 kaže, da je v zadnjem času delež berlinskih in brandenburških gospodinjstev s prizemnim televizijskim sprejemom močno narasel, s 5,3 % v letu 2004 na 11,4 % v letu 2005.
Figure 2
Diagram 2
Change in net number of customers of a regional cable provider in Berlin
Sprememba neto števila strank enega izmed regionalnih kabelskih operaterjev v Berlinu
Basis: about 70 000 subscribers
Osnova: okoli 70 000 naročnikov
Change in net number of customers
Sprememba neto števila strank
Switch-over period 1.11.2002-27.2.2003
Faza prehoda 1.11.2002-27.2.2003
Germany has maintained that the lack of substitutability is apparent from the fact that no broadcaster has abandoned transmission via satellite or cable following the launch of DVB-T in Berlin-Brandenburg.
Po mnenju Nemčije proti zamenljivosti platform govori dejstvo, da ob uvedbi DVB-T v Barlin-Brandenburgu nobena izmed televizijskih postaj ni prekinila prenosa po satelitu ali kablu.
This argument relates, however, to the wholesale transmission market, where broadcasters may indeed regard the different transmission platforms as complementary rather than substitutable.
Vendar pa se ta utemeljitev nanaša na veleprodajni prenosni trg, na katerem televizijske postaje različne prenosne poti dejansko pojmujejo kot dopolnilne in ne kot nadomestne.
A clear distinction needs to be made between the wholesale market, where broadcasters buy transmission capacity from platform operators, and the retail market, where viewers receive transmissions of broadcasting content from platform operators.
Vendar je potrebno jasno ločevati med veleprodajnim trgom, na katerem televizijske postaje od omrežnih operaterjev kupijo prenosne zmogljivosti, in maloprodajnim trgom, na katerem gledalci od omrežnih operaterjev sprejemajo televizijske vsebine.
In the retail market, viewers regard the different transmission platforms as substitutes and migration between the platforms weakens the respective platform operators concerned, most notably cable operators, which suffer an immediate fall in income from subscription fees.
Na maloprodajnem trgu gledalci različne prenosne poti sprejemajo kot zamenljive in prehajanje med platformami oslabi posamezne zadevne omrežne operaterja, zlasti kabelske operaterje, ki se morajo sprijazniti z neposredno izgubo prihodka kot posledico upadanja števila naročnin.
In view of future applications of the DVB-T network, the distortion of competition may well go beyond the current market structure and affect new markets besides free-to-air television.
V zvezi s prihodnjo uporabo DVB-T bi izkrivljanje konkurence lahko močno preseglo trenutno tržno strukturo in poleg brezplačne televizije prizadelo tudi novo nastale trge.
DVB-T has the potential for supplying pay-TV services, as clearly shown by developments in other Member States [70].
DVB-T lahko ponudi tudi plačljive televizijske storitve, kot to kaže razvoj v drugih državah članicah [70].
Once the DVB-T network is in place, broadcasting transmission may also be combined with telecommunication services.
Ko je omrežje DVB-T zgrajeno, je mogoče radiodifuzijski prenos združiti tudi s telekomunikacijskimi storitvami.
Finally, Germany has stated explicitly that one of the objectives of the measure is to promote competition between different infrastructures for television transmission, in particular cable, satellite and terrestrial transmission.
Nemčija je izrecno navedla, da je eden izmed namenov ukrepa pospeševati konkurenco med različnimi infrastrukturami za televizijski prenos, zlasti med kabelskim, satelitskim in prizemnim prenosom.
According to this view, the measure gives consumers a greater choice and prevents cable from gaining a monopoly in large parts of Berlin-Brandenburg.
Ukrep torej povečuje možnosti izbire potrošnikov in kabelskim operaterjem preprečuje, da bi dosegli monopolni položaj na večjih delih Berlin-Brandenburga.
Leaving aside for the moment the merits of these arguments [71], the Commission notes that Germany seems to acknowledge that there is a certain degree of competition between the different broadcasting transmission platforms.
Brez da bi se na tem mestu spuščala v pravilnost teh argumentov [71], Komisija ugotavlja, da Nemčija očitno priznava obstoj določene stopnje konkurence med različnimi radiodifuzijskimi prenosnimi platformami.
Effect on trade
Vpliv na trgovino
The Commission considers that the measure in question affects trade between Member States.
Po mnenju Komisije ukrep negativno vpliva na trgovino med državami članicami.
CSBs like RTL Group and ProSiebenSat.1 are internationally active on the markets for television advertising and for film rights, where they compete with other broadcasters and telecommunications companies.
Zasebne televizijske postaje kot Skupina RTL in ProSiebenSat.1 so mednarodno dejavne na trgih za televizijsko oglaševanje in filmske pravice, kjer konkurirajo drugim televizijskim postajam in telekomunikacijskim družbam.
Terrestrial network operators like Deutsche Telekom's subsidiary T-Systems compete with cable operators and media corporations like UPC (Liberty Media), satellite operators like SES Astra, NSAB and Eutelsat, and others offering infrastructure services to broadcasters.
Prizemni omrežni operaterji, kot npr. hčerinsko podjetje Nemškega telekoma T-Systems, konkurirajo kabelskim operaterjem in medijskim koncernom, npr. UPC (Liberty Media), satelitskim operaterjem, npr. SES Astra, NSAB in Eutelsat, in drugim, ki izdajateljem televizijskega programa ponujajo infrastrukturne storitve.