natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
A very high level of product maintenance and support drives LCEs’ choice of EAS products and is an inherent characteristic of high-function HR and FMS solutions, compared to mid-market solutions and to the support needs of a mid-market customer.
Neločljiva sestavna dela visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev HR in FMS sta zahtevno vzdrževanje in podpora v primerjavi z rešitvami srednjega cenovnega razreda in potrebami po podpori, ki jih imajo kupci izdelkov srednjega cenovnega razreda, kar velikim kompleksnim podjetjem predstavlja glavno vodilo pri izbiri poslovnih aplikacij.
Complex enterprise systems must consider the impact of 24-hour/seven-day coverage required for the challenges of the global company.
Izzivi v globalnih podjetjih narekujejo, da morajo imeti njihovi kompleksni poslovni sistemi podporo 24 ur na dan, vse dni v tednu.
For mid-market companies, usually a primary location in the US or Europe is linked to smaller sales offices or distributors overseas.
Pri srednje velikih podjetjih je običajno primarna lokacija v ZDA ali Evropi povezana z manjšimi čezmorskimi prodajnimi mesti ali distributerji.
The underlying architecture of high-function solutions is fundamentally different from the one of mid-market products.
Osnovna zgradba visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev je bistveno drugačna od zgradbe izdelkov srednjega cenovnega razreda.
Often, only a multi-tier architecture can achieve the level of throughput that is required from high-function EAS solutions.
Pogosto lahko le večnivojska zgradba zagotovi stopnjo produktivnosti, ki se pričakuje od visokozmogljivih celovitih poslovnih rešitev.
Mid-market solutions normally have simpler interfaces, or simpler APIs (application programming interfaces), making them easier to integrate in a simple way with other mid-market software and other smaller-scale solutions, but allowing little scope for adding directly to the functionality of the software.
Rešitve srednjega cenovnega razreda imajo praviloma preprostejše programske vmesnike (angl. Application Programming Interface ali „API“), zaradi česar jih je lažje povezovati v celoto z drugimi programi srednjega cenovnega razreda in manj obsežnimi rešitvami, kar pa ne pripomore dosti k povečanju same funkcionalnosti.
High-function software tends to have complex and proprietary APIs which allow full and complex integration with other large scale software solutions and additional functionality to be added to customise the solutions as well as supporting multiple popular programming languages.
Visokozmogljiva celovita programska oprema ima največkrat kompleksne, zakonsko zaščitene programske vmesnike, kar omogoča popolno in poglobljeno združevanje z drugimi visokozmogljivimi rešitvami, vgrajene dodatne možnosti za prilagajanje rešitev ter podporo za več priljubljenih programskih jezikov.
The Commission’s investigation further showed that ‘best-of-breed’ or point solution software, HR software outsourcing services, system integration services and incumbent software (already installed at customers) do not represent competitive constraints vis-à-vis a small but non transitory increase in price of high-function software, and therefore all these products/services are not in the relevant markets.
Preiskava Komisije je odkrila tudi, da programska oprema, sestavljena iz najboljših komponent različnih proizvajalcev (angl.
Large and complex enterprises as customers
„Best-of-Breed“), ali programska oprema za opravljanje točno določene funkcije (angl. „Point Solution Software“), zunanje oskrbovanje ali outsourcing s programi za upravljanje s človeškimi viri, storitve sistemske integracije in programska oprema na mestu (že nameščena pri kupcih) ne predstavljajo omejitve konkurence v primerjavi z rahlim, a ne le začasnim povišanjem cen visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme, zato se šteje, da se ti izdelki/storitve ne uvrščajo na nobenega izmed dveh upoštevnih trgov. Velika sestavljena podjetja v vlogi kupcev
High-function HR and FMS solutions are software that is typically purchased by complex organisations/companies which have a very high level of functional needs, expect high standards in product performance and require short time and continuous availability of accompanying services.
Visokozmogljive celovite rešitve HR in FMS običajno kupujejo sestavljene organizacije/podjetja z visokimi funkcionalnimi potrebami, ki od programske opreme pričakujejo vrhunsko učinkovitost v skladu z visokimi standardi ter zahtevajo hitro odzivnost in neprekinjen dostop do pripadajočih storitev.
The Commission has therefore come to the conclusion that there are distinct product markets for FMS and HR high-function solutions for large and complex enterprises.
Komisija je tako prišla do zaključka, da visokozmogljive celovite rešitve FMS in HR za velika sestavljena podjetja pripadajo ločenim proizvodnim trgom.
Vendors of high-function HR and FMS software
Ponudniki visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme HR in FMS
The Commission further established who the vendors of FMS and HR high-function software are.
Nadalje je Komisija ugotavljala, kdo so dejanski ponudniki visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme HR in FMS.
Those suppliers form the competitive constraints for a combined Oracle/PeopleSoft in the markets at stake.
Ti na upoštevnih trgih predstavljajo omejitve konkurence za združeni družbi Oracle/PeopleSoft.
The Commission established the suppliers in the market by looking at the bids made by suppliers for such customers, i.e. for large and complex enterprises needing complex functionality in the field of HR and FMS applications.
Komisija je zadevne ponudnike na trgu izbrala tako, da je pregledala ponudbe velikim sestavljenim podjetjem, ki so izkazali potrebo po celovitih rešitvah na področju HR in FMS.
However, it appears difficult to draw a clear-cut line between the customers on the basis of the complexity of their needs and therefore between customers of application software which is able to cater for the needs of such large and complex enterprises and those applications adapted for mid-market customers.
Med kupci je težko razločevati na podlagi kompleksnosti njihovih potreb, zato je težko potegniti jasno mejo tudi med kupci aplikacij za velika sestavljena podjetja in aplikacij, prikrojenih za uporabo v srednjih podjetjih.
In order to be able to carry out its investigation, the Commission used proxies to describe those customers and the transactions for such software applications.
Komisija je za pomoč pri preiskavi določila merila za opredeljevanje kupcev in transakcij v zvezi z zadevnimi aplikacijami.
As a first suitable proxy for the ‘complexity’ of the requirements of such large organisations, the Commission considered a net licence value of EUR 1 million to be appropriate. This value appeared to be an appropriate first indication that such bids are made for high-function solutions purchased by large and complex enterprises even though it does not mean that bids in individual cases below this value may not involve high-function FMS and HR solutions.
Za prvo primerno merilo „kompleksnosti“ zahtev velikih organizacij je Komisija izbrala neto vrednost licence v višini 1 milijona EUR. Ta vrednost se je izkazala za ustrezno, saj kaže na to, da ponudbe zajemajo visokozmogljive celovite rešitve za velika sestavljena podjetja, čeprav to ne pomeni nujno, da predmet določenih ponudb pod to vrednostjo niso visokozmogljive celovite rešitve FMS in HR.
However, for a licence of a value in excess of EUR 1 million it can be safely assumed that anyone winning a bid above this threshold for applications in the field of HR and FMS may be considered as a supplier of high-function FMS and HR solutions.
Podjetje, ki proda aplikacijo na področju HR in FMS, katere vrednost licence presega 1 milijon eurov, se lahko upravičeno šteje za ponudnika visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev FMS in HR.
The Commission further complemented this threshold by a delineation of large and complex enterprises as customers.
Komisija je ta prag dopolnila z novim merilom, s katerim opredeljuje velika sestavljena podjetja v vlogi kupcev.
With the help of these proxies, the Commission analysed the bids in which EAS vendors participated in 2001 and 2002 as well as the bids submitted by Oracle in response to the Commission’s information request after the Oral Hearing.
S pomočjo teh meril je Komisija analizirala ponudbe, v katerih so sodelovali ponudniki poslovnih aplikacij v letih 2001 in 2002, ter ponudbe, ki jih je po ustnem zaslišanju družba Oracle predložila Komisiji na podlagi zahteve za predložitev podatkov.
The Commission further analysed documents relating to bids resulting from the US trial in order to establish who the suppliers of such software applications are.
Komisija je nato analizirala dokumente o ponudbah, ki so postali dostopni med sodno preiskavo v ZDA, da bi ugotovila, kdo vse so ponudniki tovrstnih programskih aplikacij.
On the basis of this evidence, the Commission concluded that in the markets for high-function FMS and HR for large and complex enterprises Oracle, PeopleSoft and SAP are the main players.
Na podlagi tega dokaznega gradiva je Komisija zaključila, da so družbe Oracle, PeopleSoft in SAP glavni akterji na trgih visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev FMS in HR za velika sestavljena podjetja.
Each of these players identified at least 50 to 100 bids within a two-year period falling under the proxies and therefore concerning high-function software for large and complex enterprises (i.e. companies with more than 10000 employees and revenues exceeding EUR 1 billion).
Vsak od teh akterjev je v obdobju dveh let oddal vsaj 50 do 100 ponudb, ki ustrezajo prej obravnavanim merilom, zato je jasno, da je predmet ponudb visokozmogljiva celovita programska oprema za velika sestavljena podjetja (torej podjetja z več kakor 10000 zaposlenimi in prihodki nad 1 milijardo eurov).
However, the Commission’s data and the submissions by Oracle show that occasionally other players win bids for high-function FMS and HR software to serve the needs of large and complex enterprises.
Vendar pa podatki, s katerimi razpolaga Komisija, in predložena dokumentacija družbe Oracle kažejo, da velika sestavljena podjetja za dobavo visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme FMS in HR občasno izberejo tudi ponudbe drugih akterjev.
Other such vendors of HR and/or FMS high-function software are: Lawson, Intentia, IFS, QAD and Microsoft.
Drugi ponudniki visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme HR in/ali FMS so družbe Lawson, Intentia, IFS, QAD in Microsoft.
Although these vendors won only a limited number of bids, they were either runner-ups for high-function FMS and HR software or they participated in bids with a license value exceeding EUR 1 million in a larger number of bids.
Čeprav so bili ti ponudniki uspešni v precej manjšem obsegu, so njihove ponudbe za dobavo visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme FMS in HR večkrat prišle v ožji izbor ali pa so večkrat oddali ponudbo, kjer vrednost licence presega 1 milijon EUR.
Using Oracle’s dataset containing bid data, as well as two other datasets obtained from the US trial proceedings, the Commission further undertook an econometric analysis in order to investigate whether the data revealed a difference in Oracle’s bidding behaviour depending on the identity of the competitors in the final bidding round.
Komisija je izvedla ekonometrično analizo na podlagi sklopa podatkov družbe Oracle, ki se nanašajo na ponudbe, in dveh drugih sklopov podatkov iz sodne preiskave v ZDA, da ugotovi, ali Oracle spreminja svojo ponudbeno strategijo glede na to, kdo so njegovi konkurenti v zadnjem krogu izbora ponudbe.
A finding that Oracle was relatively more likely to provide aggressive discounts when either SAP or PeopleSoft were present in the final bidding round rather than when competing against other competitors would suggest indirect evidence that competition is mainly between the big three software providers and that only Oracle, SAP and PeopleSoft are vendors of high-function FMS and HR software to serve the needs of large and complex enterprises.
Ugotovitev, da bi Oracle prej znatno znižal svoje cene, če bi se v zadnjem krogu izbora znašel z družbo SAP ali PeopleSoft, kot če bi nastopal proti kateremu izmed ostalih konkurentov, bi bila lahko posreden dokaz, ki bi potrdil, da so družbe Oracle, SAP in PeopleSoft največji konkurenti med ponudniki programske opreme in da so samo one ponudnice visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme FMS in HR za velika sestavljena podjetja.
The main finding was that no significant distinction could be identified between the behaviour of Oracle when competing against SAP and PeopleSoft compared to the behaviour against other bidders.
Vendar pa je Komisija ugotovila, da ni opaznejših razlik med ponudbeno strategijo družbe Oracle, kadar ta konkurira družbama SAP in PeopleSoft, in strategijo, kadar nastopa proti ostalim konkurentom.
This was true even when restricting attention to large deals.
Isto velja tudi, če se osredotočimo le na posle večjega obsega.
The Commission further analysed the capabilities and reach of the FMS and HR software of the other vendors, Lawson, Intentia, IFS, QAD and Microsoft.
Nadalje je Komisija analizirala zmogljivost in obseg programske opreme FMS in HR drugih ponudnikov – družb Lawson, Intentia, IFS, QAD in Microsoft.
Particularly on the basis of the evidence that has come out of the US trial in San Francisco, the Commission concluded that, despite limitations in the product offerings of each of these vendors as opposed to Oracle, PeopleSoft and SAP regarding HR and FMS high-function software, each of them has several customers in the field of HR and FMS which may qualify as large and complex enterprises.
Komisija je predvsem na podlagi dokaznega gradiva iz sodne preiskave v ZDA zaključila, da ima vsak od teh ponudnikov kljub omejenem obsegu izdelkov v primerjavi z družbami Oracle, PeopleSoft in SAP na področju visokozmogljive celovite programske opreme HR in FMS nekaj kupcev, ki se lahko štejejo za velika sestavljena podjetja.
These vendors may be able to serve their needs at least in the verticals in which the respective vendor specializes.
Ti ponudniki lahko zadostijo potrebam kupcev vsaj glede vertikalnih funkcionalnosti, za katere so se specializirali.
The relevant product markets are therefore, respectively, high-function FMS and HR solutions for large and complex enterprises.
Upoštevna proizvodna trga sta torej trg visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev FMS za velika sestavljena podjetja in trg visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev HR za velika sestavljena podjetja.
The main players in these markets are SAP, Oracle and PeopleSoft.
Glavni akterji na teh dveh trgih so družbe SAP, Oracle in PeopleSoft.
However, the Commission has come to the conclusion that several other vendors could represent a competitive constraint vis-à-vis Oracle, PeopleSoft and SAP at least in the verticals in which they are active and cannot be excluded as vendors from the markets for high-function FMS and HR applications.
Vendar pa je Komisija ugotovila, da bi nekaj drugih ponudnikov vsaj na področju vertikalnih funkcionalnosti, na katerem so aktivni, tudi lahko predstavljalo omejitve konkurence poleg družb Oracle, PeopleSoft in SAP, zato jih je treba obravnavati kot ponudnike na trgih visokozmogljivih celovitih aplikacij FMS in HR.
For the purposes of the present transaction, Lawson, Intentia, IFS and Microsoft are to be treated as vendors for FMS and HR high-function applications and QAD is to be treated only as vendor for FMS high-function solutions.
Za namene obravnavane transakcije je treba družbe Lawson, Intentia, IFS in Microsoft šteti med ponudnike visokozmogljivih celovitih aplikacij FMS in HR, medtem ko je družba QAD ponudnik samo visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev FMS.
Mid-market HR and FMS solutions or software
Rešitve ali programska oprema srednjega cenovnega razreda za upravljanje s človeškimi viri in finančno vodenje
The Commission found indications that the market for software applications for mid-size enterprises (having approximately annual revenues of between EUR 30 million and EUR 1 billion) is a separate market from the markets for high-function FMS and HR solutions, and possibly also from the markets for applications for small enterprises (i.e. those with revenues below EUR 30 million).
Preiskava Komisije je pokazala, da je trg programskih aplikacij za srednja podjetja (z letnimi prihodki med približno 30 milijoni in 1 milijardo EUR) ločen od trgov visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev FMS in HR, in morda tudi od trgov aplikacij za mala podjetja (z letnimi prihodki pod 30 milijoni eurov).
Applications adapted to the needs of mid-size enterprises are usually out-of-the box solutions which provide a limited scope of functionalities and can only to a limited extent be configured to the individual needs of the enterprise.
Aplikacije, prikrojene potrebam srednjih podjetij, so običajno že vnaprej pripravljene rešitve z vsemi vgrajenimi možnostmi (angl. „Out-of-the-Box“), ki nudijo omejeno število funkcij in jih je možno le do določene mere spreminjati, da ustrezajo posebnim potrebam podjetja.
Separate markets for FMS and HR solutions can be distinguished also within the mid-market software as FMS and HR functionalities for mid-size companies are not substitutable from a demand side perspective either between themselves, or with any other functionalities related to other pillars (CRM, SCM etc.).
Trga rešitev FMS in HR sta ločena tudi pri programski opremi srednjega cenovnega razreda, saj funkcionalnosti FMS in HR za srednja podjetja z vidika povpraševanja ni možno zamenjati niti med seboj niti s kako drugo funkcionalnostjo, ki pripada drugim temeljem (upravljanje odnosov s strankami ali „CRM“, upravljanje oskrbovalne verige ali „SCM“ itd.).
Furthermore, the Commission found indications that applications software for small businesses only cover the basic needs of an enterprise with a uniform organisational structure.
Nadalje je Komisija odkrila, da programske aplikacije za mala podjetja zadovoljujejo le osnovne potrebe podjetij z enotno organizacijsko strukturo.
In any case, the exact delineation of the product markets for mid-market HR and FMS solutions and the small business software can be left open as the transaction does not lead to competition concerns on the basis of any of these possible market definitions.
Opredelitev proizvodnih trgov rešitev HR in FMS srednjega cenovnega razreda in programske opreme za mala podjetja lahko vsekakor ostane odprta, saj obravnavana transakcija na teh trgih ne vzbuja zaskrbljenosti zaradi oviranja konkurence.
Geographic Scope of the relevant markets
Geografski obseg upoštevnih trgov
The market investigation gave clear indications that the geographic scope of the markets for high-function HR and FMS solutions for large and complex enterprises is world-wide.
Proučitev trga je jasno pokazala, da trgi visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev HR in FMS za velika sestavljena podjetja zajemajo ves svet.
Most of these customers consider offers for EAS solutions from vendors located in the EEA, the United States and other parts of the world without consideration of the geographic region where the company originates.
Večina svetovnih kupcev izbira med poslovnimi rešitvami ponudnikov iz ozemlja EGP, ZDA in drugih delov sveta, ne da bi pri tem upoštevali, iz katerega geografskega območja podjetje prihaja.
The Commission also used the bidding data submitted by Oracle after the oral hearing to investigate whether Oracle’s behaviour differed depending on the location of the bid.
Komisija je podatke o ponudbah, ki ji jih je družba Oracle predložila po ustnem zaslišanju, uporabila pri ugotavljanju, ali je ponudbena strategija družbe Oracle pogojena z geografsko lokacijo podjetja, kateremu dajo ponudbo.
The data did not suggest that the average discount offered in the EEA differed from that offered in the US or in the rest of the world.
Podatki niso pokazali, da bi se znižanje cen na ozemlju EGP v povprečju razlikovalo od znižanja v ZDA ali drugod po svetu.
The Commission has therefore come to the conclusion that the markets for high-function HR and FMS solutions are worldwide in scope.
Komisija je zato zaključila, da so trgi visokozmogljivih celovitih rešitev HR in FMS po obsegu globalni.
As regards the mid-market FMS and HR solutions, the geographic scope of these markets may not be wider than EEA-wide.
Trgi rešitev FMS in HR srednjega cenovnega razreda morda sploh ne segajo preko ozemlja EGP.
However, the exact delimitation can be left open.
Vendar naj natančna razmejitev ostane odprtega značaja.
Market Shares
Tržni deleži
The calculation of market shares has proven to be particularly difficult for the relevant markets, as neither publicly available industry studies nor the parties have provided a segmentation of vendors revenues according to the segmentation of the market (upmarket and mid-market) and vendors do not normally classify their customers according to their volume of revenue or their number of employees.
Izračunavanje tržnih deležev na upoštevnih trgih se je izkazalo za precej zahtevno nalogo, saj niti objavljene industrijske študije niti zadevni stranki v transakciji ne podajajo delitve prihodkov po ponudnikih v skladu s segmentacijo trga (višji in srednji cenovni razred), pa tudi ponudniki običajno ne razvrščajo svojih kupcev po višini njihovih prihodkov ali številu zaposlenih.
Therefore the Commission sought to establish the strength of the vendors on the basis of their total revenues as reported in industry reports, independently of whether these are achieved in the upmarket or the mid-market.
Zato je Komisija poskusila oceniti tržno moč ponudnikov na podlagi njihovih skupnih prihodkov, kot jih navajajo industrijska poročila, pri čemer so zajeti tako izdelki višjega kot tudi srednjega cenovnega razreda.
The shares would be as in the following table:
Deleži so prikazani v spodnji preglednici:
Source: Gartner, ERP Market Experiences Further Decline: Market Statistics, 2002, published 2003.
Vir: Gartner, ERP Market Experiences Further Decline: Market Statistics, 2002. Leto izdaje: 2003.
Total licences revenues worldwide 2002
Skupni prihodki iz prodaje licenc po vsem svetu za leto 2002
Oracle/PeopleSoft/JD Edwards combined
združeni Oracle/PeopleSoft/JD Edwards
Given their limited meaning for the markets at stake, the Commission used the shares only as an indication of the relative strength of the different vendors in the markets.
Ker so prikazani deleži omejenega pomena za zadevne trge, jih je Komisija uporabila le za okvirno oceno relativne tržne moči različnih ponudnikov na trgih.
The shares show that Oracle, PeopleSoft (including JD Edwards) and SAP are the main players in both the FMS and the HR market and that the share of other players may be estimated at between 10 % and 15 %.
Preglednica kaže, da so družbe Oracle, PeopleSoft (skupaj z JD Edwards) in SAP glavni akterji tako na trgu rešitev FMS kot tudi rešitev HR ter da so deleži ostalih akterjev nekje med 10 in 15 odstotki.
SAP would still lead the market over a combined Oracle/PeopleSoft in FMS whereas a combined Oracle/PeopleSoft would take the lead in HR.
SAP na trgu rešitev FMS še vedno prednjači združenima družbama Oracle/PeopleSoft, medtem ko na trgu rešitev HR vodstvo prevzameta združeni družbi Oracle/PeopleSoft.
Creation of a dominant position, as a result of which effective competition will be significantly impeded
Ustvaritev prevladujočega položaja, kar bi bistveno oviralo učinkovito konkurenco
Non-coordinated effects
Neusklajeni učinki
In the Statement of Objections the Commission had based its concerns in part on the finding there would be a significant group of customers for whom there would essentially be only one supplier left after the transaction.
Komisija je svoje ugovore delno oprla na ugotovitev, da bi zajetnemu številu kupcev po združitvi družb Oracle in PeopleSoft v bistvu ostal na voljo en sam dobavitelj.
This concern was based on a definition of the market which after the merger would consist of only Oracle and SAP.
Vzrok leži v opredelitvi trga, ki bi po združitvi zajemal le družbi Oracle in SAP.