natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Conditions of competition on NETA are very different from those on a pool market, as is evidenced by the fact that the transition in the United Kingdom from a pool structure to NETA in 2001 resulted in a large drop in electricity wholesale prices.
Pogoji konkurence se pri novi ureditvi trgovanja z električno energijo močno razlikujejo od tistih na trgu združenih proizvajalcev električne energije, kar je razvidno iz dejstva, da je prehod Združenega kraljestva iz sistema na podlagi združenj na novo ureditev trgovanja z električno energijo leta 2001 povzročil velik padec veleprodajnih cen električne energije.
At present, NETA covers only England and Wales.
Sedaj pokriva nova ureditev trgovanja z električno energijo le Anglijo in Wales.
However, the Scottish market is very much linked to NETA via the indexation of electricity prices in Scotland to prices witnessed in England and Wales.
Vseeno je škotski trg prek prilagajanja indeksa cen električne energije na Škotskem cenam v Angliji in Walesu močno povezan z novo ureditvijo trgovanja z električno energijo.
Furthermore, NETA is planned to be very soon extended to Scotland.
Ob tem je načrtovana skorajšnja razširitev nove ureditve trgovanja z električno energijo na Škotsko.
The resulting Great Britain market is due to start operations in 2005.
Novonastali trg Velike Britanije naj bi začel delovati leta 2005.
It must be noted though that Scotland will represent only a small part of this market, as installed capacity in Scotland is no more than slightly above 10 % of installed capacity in England and Wales.
Toda treba je ugotoviti, da je Škotska le majhen del tega trga, ker inštalirana zmogljivost na Škotskem le malo presega 10 % inštalirane zmogljivosti v Angliji in Walesu.
The Northern Ireland electricity market will not be joined to the Great Britain market in the foreseeable future.
Severnoirski trg električne energije se v bližnji prihodnosti ne bo združil s trgom Velike Britanije.
Indeed, electricity links between Great Britain and Northern Ireland are for the moment weak (its nominal power is 0,5 GW, which represents less than 1 % of the registered installed capacity in Great Britain).
Res so sedaj elektroenergetske povezave med Veliko Britanijo in Severno Irsko slabe (njena nominalna moč je 0,5 GW, kar predstavlja manj kot 1 % registrirane inštalirane zmogljivosti Velike Britanije).
Competition conditions in Northern Ireland will therefore remain very different from those in Great Britain.
Pogoji konkurence na Severnem Irskem se bodo zato še naprej močno razlikovali od tistih v Veliki Britaniji.
In view of the above, and since BE operates only in Great Britain, the Commission considers that the relevant geographical market for the purpose of this Decision is Great Britain [59].
Na tej podlagi, in ker deluje družba BE le na območju Velike Britanije, Komisija upošteva, da je za namene te odločbe upoštevani geografski trg Velika Britanija [59].
According to figures submitted by the UK authorities, the total installed capacity in the 15 States that were Members States at the time the restructuring plan was notified is about 565 GW.
Po podatkih, ki so jih predložili organi Združenega kraljestva, je skupna inštalirana zmogljivost v 15 državah, ki so bile države članice v času prijave načrta prestrukturiranja, približno 565 GW.
The total registered installed capacity in Great Britain is about 10 % of that value.
Skupna registrirana inštalirana zmogljivost v Veliki Britaniji je približno 10 % te vrednosti.
Furthermore, the United Kingdom market, of which the Great Britain market represents about 95 %, is one of the largest in the EEA, second only to those of Germany and France.
Ob tem je trg Združenega kraljestva, katerega delež 95 % je Velika Britanija, eden od največjih trgov v EGP, večja sta le nemški in francoski trg.
It can therefore not be considered that this market is negligible at Community and EEA level.
Zato ta trg na ravni Skupnosti in EGP ne more biti zanemarljiv.
BE’s capacity represents about 14 % of the registered capacity in England and Wales and about 24 % in Scotland.
Zmogljivost družbe BE je približno 14 % registrirane zmogljivosti Anglije in Walesa ter 24 % zmogljivosti Škotske.
BE can therefore not be considered to have a negligible share of the relevant market.
Delež družbe BE na upoštevanem trgu zato ne more biti zanemarljiv.
To conclude, there are many other actors in the relevant market than BE: BNFL, EDF-Energy, Innogy, Scottish and Southern Electricity, Scottish Power and Powergen to name only a few major ones.
Končno je na upoštevanem trgu razen družbe BE še veliko drugih udeležencev: družbe BNFL, EDF-Energy, Innogy, Scottish and Southern Electricity, Scottish Power in Powergen, če naštejemo le nekaj največjih.
Should BE disappear, the relevant market would neither become a monopoly, nor a tight oligopoly.
V primeru prenehanja obstoja družbe BE upoštevani trg ne bi postal monopolen ali ozko oligopolen.
The findings above confirm the Commission’s initial market analysis as described in the Decision to initiate proceedings.
Zgornje ugotovitve potrjujejo začetno tržno analizo Komisije, opisano v sklepu za začetek postopka.
The Commission notes that none of the third parties that submitted comments questioned these preliminary findings.
Komisija ugotavlja, da nobena od tretjih strank, ki so predložile pripombe, ni podvomila v te predhodne ugotovitve.
Capacity situation on the market
Zmogljivost na trgu
Assessment in view of the evolution of electricity prices
Ocena glede na spreminjanje cen električne energije
In its decision to initiate proceedings, the Commission made it clear that the assessment of the capacity situation of an electricity market should take account of the physical specificities of electricity, and of the potentially enormous disturbance that electricity black-outs can create both for the economy and for citizens’ everyday life.
Komisija je v sklepu za začetek postopka jasno pokazala, da mora ocena zmogljivosti na trgu električne energije upoštevati fizične posebnosti električne energije ter možnost velikih motenj za gospodarstvo in vsakodnevno življenje državljanov, ki jih povzročijo izpadi električne energije.
The assessment of the existence of structural overcapacity should therefore include a sufficient capacity margin such as to allow the satisfaction of peak demand under any reasonable scenario.
Ocena obstoja strukturnega presežka mora zato po kakršnem koli smiselnem scenariju za zadovoljitev največjega povpraševanja vključevati dovolj visok presežek zmogljivosti.
The Commission noted that the capacity margin existed on the relevant market was not particularly high as compared to international standards and to past values.
Komisija je ugotovila, da presežek zmogljivosti na upoštevanem trgu ni bil posebno visok v primerjavi z mednarodnimi standardi in preteklimi vrednostmi.
It noted however that there might have been room for a small decrease in that capacity margin as compared to a few other Member States or to values in the United Kingdom in 1995/1996.
Vseeno je ugotovila, da je obstajala možnost za manjše znižanje te meje zmogljivosti v primerjavi z nekaj drugimi državami članicami ali vrednostmi v Združenem kraljestvu leta 1995/1996.
Third parties’ comments as regards the existence of structural overcapacity have focused on the evolution of prices, and on the assessment of the existing capacity margin in Great Britain.
Pripombe tretjih oseb v zvezi z obstojem strukturnega presežka so bile osredotočene na spreminjanje cen in oceno sedanjega presežka zmogljivosti v Veliki Britaniji.
Some third parties have indicated that there was a link between the evolution of electricity prices and the existence of structural overcapacity on the market.
Nekaj tretjih oseb je navedlo, da je obstajala povezava med spreminjanjem cen električne energije in obstojem strukturnega presežka na trgu.
They consider that in such a competitive market as NETA, price plays the role of a signal for the need of new capacity.
Upoštevajo, da cena na tako konkurenčnem trgu, kot je trg na podlagi nove ureditve trgovanja z električno energijo, signalizira potrebo po novi zmogljivosti.
Where new capacity would be needed at a specific period in the future, the foreseen shortfall in capacity for this period would trigger an increase of corresponding forward prices.
Kjer bi v posebnem obdobju v prihodnosti obstajala potreba po novi zmogljivosti, bi predvideni primanjkljaj zmogljivosti za to obdobje povzročil zvišanje ustreznih terminskih cen.
Prices would reach such a level as to enable the recovery of new plant construction costs, which would trigger new entry on the market.
Cene bi dosegle takšno raven, da bi omogočile pokritje stroškov gradnje nove elektrarne, kar bi povzročilo nov vstop na trg.
At present, according to these third parties, although they have been increasing in the recent past, prices would not yet have reached a sufficient level to trigger new entry.
Te tretje stranke menijo, da cene kljub zviševanju v preteklih letih sedaj še ne bi dosegle zadostne ravni, da bi povzročile nov vstop.
This would demonstrate that there is overcapacity on the market.
To bi pokazalo, da obstaja na trgu presežek.
The Commission acknowledges that there is a relationship between prices on a market and the capacity situation on that market.
Komisija priznava povezavo med cenami na trgu in zmogljivostjo na tem trgu.
However, it considers that electricity markets like NETA are too complex to allow a definitive conclusion to be drawn as to the existence of structural overcapacity on the market on the basis only of price observation.
Vseeno upošteva, da so trgi električne energije, kot je trg na podlagi nove ureditve trgovanja z električno energijo, preveč kompleksni, da bi dovoljevali končni sklep o obstoju strukturnega presežka na trgu le na podlagi opazovanja cen.
Firstly, unlike in markets structured around a pool, there is no such thing as a clearing price in NETA.
Prvič, v nasprotju s trgi na podlagi združenj pri novi ureditvi trgovanja z električno energijo ne obstaja obračunska cena.
NETA is based around bilateral contracts, that may take very different forms, and that do not always provide very transparent price reporting mechanisms.
Nova ureditev trgovanja z električno energijo temelji na dvostranskih pogodbah, v najrazličnejših oblikah, ki ne zagotavljajo vedno najbolj preglednih mehanizmov poročanja o cenah.
Power exchanges like UKPX are more transparent, but they do not represent a sufficient share of the market to make it possible to to draw significant conclusions.
Borze električne energije, kot je UKPX, so preglednejše, vendar njihov delež na trgu ni dovolj velik, da bi bilo mogoče priti do pomembnejših zaključkov.
Furthermore, they focus on short term trade and are hence of limited use for gaining knowledge on future trends.
Ob tem so usmerjene na kratkoročno trgovino in zato niso v celoti uporabne za pridobivanje znanja o prihodnjih trendih.
One therefore has to rely on price indexes reported by independent sources like Heren or Argus.
Zato se je treba zanašati na indekse cen iz poročil neodvisnih virov, kot sta Heren ali Argus.
These price indexes themselves have their limits, since they represent only the wholesale market, which is about two thirds of the total exchanged electricity, and are therefore unable to catch non extreme shortfalls in foreseen electricity generation.
Tudi ti indeksi cen so omejeni, ker so le trg na debelo, kjer se trguje s približno dvema tretjinama celotne električne energije, zato ne morejo zajeti manj skrajnih izpadov v predvideni proizvodnji električne energije.
Secondly, the reasoning in recital (389) is based on the assumption that forward prices represent faithfully the market situation in the future.
Drugič, razlogi iz uvodne izjave (388) temeljijo na predvidevanju, da terminske cene zvesto kažejo prihodnje razmere na trgu.
The Commission considers this might not always be the case.
Komisija upošteva, da to ne drži vedno.
As a matter of fact, these prices reflect a more complex situation, rather based upon what both the buyer and the seller think their position will be in the future.
Dejansko te cene izražajo kompleksnejšo situacijo, ki temelji predvsem na mnenju kupca in prodajalca o njunem položaju v prihodnosti.
This means that they are based on expectations on the future market, which can be very far from the reality, since both demand and offer are subject to many fluctuations on this market.
To pomeni, da temeljijo na pričakovanjih za prihodnji trg, ki se lahko zaradi pogostih nihanj povpraševanja in ponudbe na tem trgu močno razlikujejo od dejanskega stanja.
In other words, forward prices do not really represent the balance between demand and offer in the future, but rather what current actors think the balance will be.
Z drugimi besedami, terminske cene pravzaprav ne predstavljajo ravnovesja med povpraševanjem in ponudbo v prihodnosti, ampak mnenje sedanjih udeležencev o tem, kakšno bo to ravnovesje.
Aside from fuel price fluctuation, this is one of the reasons why forward prices can fluctuate a lot with time, even for a fixed period in the future.
Razen nihanj cen goriva je to eden od razlogov za pogosto nihanje terminskih cen skozi čas, celo v določenem obdobju v prihodnosti.
Thirdly, even if one accepts that reported prices are totally pertinent and reflect faithfully the offer and demand, there is a logical gap between the conclusion that prices do not allow the full repayment of new entrants’ costs and the conclusion that there is overcapacity on the market, and even more so that there is structural overcapacity on the market.
Tretjič, celo ob predpostavki, da so sporočene cene točne ter zvesto izražajo ponudbo in povpraševanje, obstaja logična vrzel med zaključkom, da cene ne omogočajo celotnega povračila stroškov novih udeležencev, in zaključkom, da je na trgu presežek ali, še več, da je na trgu strukturni presežek.
In view of the above, the Commission considers that the observation of prices alone is not a sufficiently reliable indicator to decide whether an electricity market such as NETA is in a situation of structural overcapacity.
Na tej podlagi Komisija upošteva, da samo opazovanje cen ni dovolj zanesljiv kazalec za odločitev, ali je na trgu električne energije, kot je trg na podlagi nove ureditve trgovanja z električno energijo, strukturni presežek.
The Commission notes however that since the time BE encountered difficulties, winter forward prices have very much increased.
Vseeno Komisija ugotavlja, da so se od takrat, ko je družba BE zašla v težave, zimske terminske cene močno povečale.
Various price reporting agencies have reported values above GBP 20/MWh for winter baseload prices in the next few years, even reaching figures as high as GBP 27/MWh [60].
Vrednosti zimskih cen pri osnovni obremenitvi za naslednjih nekaj let po podatkih več agencij za opazovanje cen presegajo 20 GBP/MWh in lahko dosežejo celo 27 GBP/MWh [60].
The upward trend seems to be continuing and sustainable.
Zdi se, da trend še vedno narašča in je trajen.
New entrant costs estimates range between GBP 20/MWh and GBP 25/MWh [61].
Ocene stroškov novih udeležencev so med 20 in 25 GBP/MWh [61].
Assessment in view of capacity margin
Ocena glede na presežek zmogljivosti
The Commission trusts that the existence of overcapacity is easier to assess by analysing the actual physical figures of installed capacity and peak demand.
Komisija verjame, da je obstoj presežka lažje oceniti z analizo dejanskih fizičnih podatkov o inštalirani zmogljivosti in največjem povpraševanju.
The margin by which installed capacity exceeds average cold spell peak demand [62] is known as the system’s capacity margin.
Presežek, s katerim inštalirana zmogljivost presega največje povpraševanje v povprečnem hladnem obdobju [62], je poznan kot presežek zmogljivosti.
In this framework, to assess whether the market is in structural overcapacity means to assess whether the present and foreseen capacity margin is adequate.
V tem okviru pomeni ocena, ali je na trgu strukturni presežek, oceno ustreznosti sedanjega in predvidenega presežka zmogljivosti.
It is obvious that setting a definitive quantitative norm for adequate capacity margin is a very difficult task.
Jasno je, da je določitev dokončnega količinskega normativa za ustrezen presežek zmogljivosti zelo težka naloga.
The norm would have to depend on a number of parameters that vary from one network to the other.
Normativ bi moral biti odvisen od številnih parametrov, ki se razlikujejo od omrežja do omrežja.
It would also depend very much on the level of security of supply to be achieved, which would in turn be linked to less objective notions, like the psychological impact of a given period without electricity in a specific region.
V veliki meri bi bil odvisen tudi od stopnje zanesljivosti oskrbe, ki jo je treba doseči in bi bila povezana z manj objektivnimi pojmi, kot je psihološki vpliv določenega obdobja brez električne energije v določeni regiji.
Furthermore, even if all physical and psychological parameters were under control, the necessary capacity margin would certainly also depend very much on market structure.
Ob tem bi bil potrebni presežek zmogljivosti, celo ob normalnih fizičnih in psiholoških parametrih, v veliki meri odvisen tudi od tržne strukture.
Some experts believe that more liberalised markets need less capacity margin than strongly regulated centralised markets, although most agree that quantifying this effect is not possible at present in view of the lack of historical evidence.
Nekateri strokovnjaki verjamejo, da potrebujejo bolj liberalizirani trgi manjši presežek zmogljivosti kot dobro organizirani centralizirani trgi, čeprav se jih večina strinja, da tega vpliva zaradi pomanjkanja dokazil za preteklost sedaj ni mogoče količinsko opredeliti.
Also, comments by third parties provide different views on the capacity margin that should be adequate for Great Britain.
Prav tako vsebujejo pripombe tretjih strank različne poglede na presežek zmogljivosti, primeren za Veliko Britanijo.
Most of the comments which address this issue quote figures from the England and Wales network operator’s (NGTransco) Seven Year Statements.
Večina pripomb v zvezi s tem vprašanjem navaja podatke iz Sedemletnih napovedi upravljavca omrežja za Anglijo in Wales (podjetje NGTransco).
In these statements, NGTransco states that it considers that a 20 % capacity margin should be the nominal benchmark for planning purposes.
Podjetje NGTransco v teh napovedih trdi, da bi moral biti presežek 20 % zmogljivosti nominalno merilo za namene načrtovanja.
It hints though that smaller capacity margin could be possible for real time management of the system, and refers to a possible 10 % figure for such a use.
Namiguje, da bi bil za vodenje sistema v realnem času mogoč tudi manjši presežek zmogljivosti, in omenja možnost presežka 10 %.
Drax and Greenpeace have suggested that this 10 % figure should be used as the proper reference for adequate capacity margin for the purpose of the assessment of the existence of structural overcapacity.
Družba Drax in organizacija Greenpeace sta predlagali, da bi bilo teh 10 % primerna podlaga za ustrezen presežek zmogljivosti za namene ocene obstoja strukturnega presežka.
Other organisations have preferred to keep the reference to the 20 % figure, including institutes commissioned by Greenpeace to provide reports on the subject [63].
Druge organizacije so rajši obdržale podlago 20 %, vključno z inštituti, ki jih je organizacija Greenpeace pooblastila za izdajo poročil o tej zadevi [63].
In its own observations, NGTransco made it clear which of the two figures it considered should be used for the purpose of assessing the existence of structural overcapacity, by stating ‘In our role as System Operator for England and Wales, we would consider that any plant margin below the 20 % level can not represent overcapacity within the England and Wales market’.
V lastnih pripombah je podjetje NGTransco jasno pokazalo, katera od obeh upoštevanih številk bi morala biti uporabljena za oceno obstoja strukturnega presežka, z besedami „V vlogi upravljavca omrežja za Anglijo in Wales lahko menimo, da kateri koli presežek zmogljivosti elektrarne, manjši od stopnje 20 %, ne more biti presežek znotraj trga Anglije in Walesa“.
In view of the above, the Commission considers that the 20 % level is a proper benchmark to assess the capacity situation in the England and Wales market.
Na tej podlagi Komisija upošteva, da je stopnja 20 % ustrezno merilo za oceno zmogljivosti na trgu Anglije in Walesa.
Although the Scotland market will soon be joined to the England and Wales market, it is still very much physically segregated from it.
Čeprav se bo škotski trg kmalu združil s trgom Anglije in Walesa, je od njega fizično še vedno precej ločen.
The 2200 MW interconnection between the two regions is too small to allow a completely flexible use to balance each region’s lack or excess of power.
Povezava 2200 MW med obema regijama ne zadostuje za zagotovitev popolnoma prožne uporabe za vzpostavitev ravnovesja med pomanjkanjem in presežkom električne energije v vsaki regiji.
As a matter of fact, it is nearly always used for export of energy from Scotland to England and Wales.
Dejansko se skoraj vedno uporablja za izvoz energije iz Škotske v Anglijo in Wales.
Because of this major constraint, the Commission considers that the 20 % benchmark should be increased while considering the global Great Britain figures.
Zaradi te večje omejitve Komisija upošteva, da bi se moralo ob upoštevanju skupnih številk za Veliko Britanijo merilo stopnje 20 % povečati.
The England and Wales market is by far the largest geographical segment of the Great Britain market.
Trg Anglije in Walesa je daleč največji geografski del trga Velike Britanije.
It is also the segment on which most of the economical data are set, since prices in Scotland are set in line with the England and Wales data.
To je tudi del, v zvezi s katerim se določi največ gospodarskih podatkov, ker so cene na Škotskem določene v skladu s podatki za Anglijo in Wales.
The vast majority of third parties’ comments also concentrate on the England and Wales segment.
Tudi velika večina pripomb tretjih strank se osredotoča na del, ki ga pokrivata Anglija in Wales.
The Commission has therefore begun its analysis of the market with this segment.
Komisija je zato začela tržno analizo pri tem delu.
Historical experience has proven that the interconnector between the two segments was nearly only used for export from Scotland to England and Wales.
Pretekle izkušnje so pokazale, da se je povezovalni vod med obema deloma uporabljal skoraj izključno za izvoz iz Škotske v Anglijo in Wales.
NGTransco considers this interconnectors’ capacity as a source of power for England and Wales.
Podjetje NGTransco upošteva, da je ta zmogljivost povezovalnega voda vir energije za Anglijo in Wales.
Conversely, Scottish Power, which is the Scottish operator responsible for the part of Scotland that shares a border with England, considers the interconnection’s capacity to be dedicated to export.
Nasprotno je škotski upravljavec omrežja Scottish Power, pristojnega za del Škotske, ki meji na Anglijo, upošteva, da je zmogljivost povezovalnega voda namenjena izvozu.
In view of the above, and to be consistent with both past experience and the hypothesis put forward by the local operators, the Commission will consider in the rest of this Decision that the England and Wales/Scotland interconnector’s capacity is attributed to England and Wales.
Na tej podlagi in v skladu s preteklimi izkušnjami in hipotezo lokalnih proizvajalcev v ostalem delu Odločbe bo Komisija upoštevala, da je zmogljivost povezovalnega voda med Anglijo in Walesom ter Škotsko pripisana Angliji in Walesu.
There is only one network operator for the whole of England and Wales: NGTransco.
Celotno Anglijo in Wales pokriva le en upravljavec omrežja: NGTransco.
The Commission has based its analysis of the capacity situation on this segment on NGTransco’s forecast, which are published periodically in the company’s Seven Year Statement.
Analiza zmogljivosti na tem delu trga s strani Komisije temelji na napovedih, ki jih podjetje NGTransco redno objavlja v svojih Sedemletnih napovedih.