natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In the following paragraphs, some of the specific issues pursued by the CPT in relation to persons who are placed involuntarily in psychiatric establishments are described. The CPT hopes in this way to give a clear advance indication to national authorities of its views concerning the treatment of such persons;
V naslednjih odstavkih so opisane nekatere specifične teme, s katerimi se CPT ukvarja pri obravnavanju oseb, ki so prisilno hospitalizirane. Na ta način želi CPT nacionalnim oblastem vnaprej posredovati jasno sporočilo o svojih pogledih glede ravnanja s temi osebami.
In view of its mandate, the CPT&apos;s first priority when visiting a psychiatric establishment must be to ascertain whether there are any indications of the deliberate ill-treatment of patients.
V skladu s svojimi pristojnostmi oz. nalogami mora biti prva prioriteta CPT-ja ob obisku psihiatrične ustanove ugotavljanje ali obstajajo kakršnikoli znaki namernega slabega ravnanja s pacienti.
Such indications are seldom found.
CPT redko naleti na tovrstne znake.
More generally, the CPT wishes to place on record the dedication to patient care observed among the overwhelming majority of staff in most psychiatric establishments visited by its delegations.
CPT v večini psihiatričnih ustanov, ki so jih obiskale njihove delegacije, ugotavlja, da med prevladujočo večino osebja obstaja predanost negi pacienta.
This situation is on occasion all the more commendable in the light of the low staffing levels and paucity of resources at the staff&apos;s disposal.
Ta situacija si zasluži še toliko večjo pohvalo, ker pogosto obstaja v luči pomanjkanja osebja in pomanjkljivih sredstev, ki jih ima to osebje na voljo.
Nevertheless, the CPT&apos;s own on-site observations and reports received from other sources indicate that the deliberate ill-treatment of patients in psychiatric establishments does occur from time to time.
Ne glede na to, pa CPT-jeva lastna opažanja in poročila, ki jih prejme iz drugih virov, nakazujejo, da se namerno slabo ravnanje s pacienti občasno še pojavlja.
A number of questions will be addressed subsequently which are closely-linked to the issue of the prevention of ill-treatment (e.g. means of restraint; complaints procedures; contact with the outside world; external supervision).
V nadaljevanju bodo naslovljena številna vprašanja, ki so neposredno povezana z preprečevanjem slabega ravnanja. (sredstva prisile; pritožbeni postopki; stiki z zunanjim svetom; zunanji nadzor).
However, some remarks should be made at this stage as regards the choice of staff and staff supervision.
Tukaj lahko najprej omenimo vprašanje izbiranja in nadzorovanja osebja, ki je zaposleno v psihiatričnih ustanovah.
Working with the mentally ill and mentally handicapped will always be a difficult task for all categories of staff involved.
Delo z duševno bolnimi in duševno prizadetimi bo vedno težka naloga za vse kategorije osebja, ki to delo opravlja.
In this connection it should be noted that health-care staff in psychiatric establishments are frequently assisted in their day-to-day work by orderlies; further, in some establishments a considerable number of personnel are assigned to security-related tasks.
V povezavi s tem je potrebno poudariti, da zdravstvenemu osebju v psihiatričnih ustanovah pri njegovem vsakdanjem delu pogosto pomaga različno pomožno osebje; v nekaterih ustanovah je velik del osebja zadolžen za opravljanje nalog, povezanih z zagotavljanjem varnosti.
The information at the CPT&apos;s disposal suggests that when deliberate ill-treatment by staff in psychiatric establishments does occur, such auxiliary staff rather than medical or qualified nursing staff are often the persons at fault.
Informacije, ki jih ima na voljo CPT kažejo, da je za posamezne primere slabega ravnanja s pacienti odgovorno prav pomožno osebje in osebje zadolženo za varnost, ne pa zdravniki ali kvalificirano negovalno osebje.
Bearing in mind the challenging nature of their work, it is of crucial importance that auxiliary staff be carefully selected and that they receive both appropriate training before taking up their duties and in-service courses.
Upoštevajoč zahtevno naravo njihovega dela je ključnega pomena, da je pomožno osebje premišljeno izbrano in primerno izobraženo ter usposobljeno pred začetkom opravljanja dolžnosti in da se zanj organizirajo tečaji tudi med opravljanjem dela.
Further, during the performance of their tasks, they should be closely supervised by - and be subject to the authority of - qualified health-care staff.
Med izvajanjem svojih nalog mora biti pomožno osebje skrbno nadzorovano in podrejeno kvalificiranemu osebju zdravstvene službe.
In some countries, the CPT has encountered the practice of using certain patients, or inmates from neighbouring prison establishments, as auxiliary staff in psychiatric facilities.
CPT je ugotovil, da v nekaterih državah obstaja praksa, po kateri se določene paciente ali zapornike iz sosednjih zaporov uporablja kot pomožno osebje v psihiatričnih oddelkih.
The Committee has serious misgivings about this approach, which should be seen as a measure of last resort.
Glede takega pristopa, ki bi se tudi sicer moral uporabljati zgolj kot izhod v sili, ima Odbor resne pomisleke.
If such appointments are unavoidable, the activities of the persons concerned should be supervised on an on-going basis by qualified health-care staff.
Če so tovrstne zadolžitve neizogibne mora biti delovanje zgoraj navedenih oseb neprestano spremljano in nadzorovano s strani usposobljenega zdravstvenega osebja.
It is also essential that appropriate procedures be in place in order to protect certain psychiatric patients from other patients who might cause them harm.
Prav tako je pomembno, da se uvedejo primerni postopki za zaščito določenih psihiatričnih bolnikov pred drugimi, ki bi jim lahko škodovali.
This requires inter alia an adequate staff presence at all times, including at night and weekends.
To zahteva neprestano prisotnost ustreznega osebja (tudi ponoči in ob dela prostih dnevih).
Further, specific arrangements should be made for particularly vulnerable patients; for example, mentally handicapped and/or mentally disturbed adolescents should not be accommodated together with adult patients.
Za posebej ranljive skupine pacientov bi morala veljati posebna ureditev; duševno prizadeti in/ali mentalno moteni najstniki na primer ne bi smeli biti nastanjeni skupaj z odraslimi pacienti.
Proper managerial control of all categories of staff can also contribute significantly to the prevention of ill-treatment.
Primerno vodenje in nadzor vseh kategorij osebja lahko pomembno doprinese k preprečevanju slabega ravnanja.
Obviously, the clear message must be given that the physical or psychological ill-treatment of patients is not acceptable and will be dealt with severely.
Vodstvo mora posredovati jasno sporočilo osebju, da fizično ali psihično slabo ravnanje s pacienti, ni sprejemljivo in da bodo taki primeri obravnavani z vso resnostjo.
More generally, management should ensure that the therapeutic role of staff in psychiatric establishments does not come to be considered as secondary to security considerations.
Uprava bi morala zagotoviti, da terapevtska vloga osebja, ne bi bila drugotnega pomena v primerjavi z varnostnimi vidiki v določeni ustanovi.
Similarly, rules and practices capable of generating a climate of tension between staff and patients should be revised accordingly.
Temu cilju bi morala biti prav tako ustrezno prilagojena notranja pravila in praksa, ki lahko sicer ustvarijo vzdušje napetosti med osebjem in pacienti.
The imposition of fines on staff in the event of an escape by a patient is precisely the kind of measure which can have a negative effect on the ethos within a psychiatric establishment.
Kaznovanje določenega člana osebja v primeru pobega pacienta, je eden izmed ukrepov, ki ima lahko negativen učinek na vzdušje v psihiatrični ustanovi.
Patients&apos; living conditions and treatment
Pogoji bivanja in zdravljenja pacientov
The CPT closely examines patients&apos; living conditions and treatment; inadequacies in these areas can rapidly lead to situations falling within the scope of the term &quot;inhuman and degrading treatment&quot;.
CPT podrobno preučuje pogoje bivanja in zdravljenja pacientov. Neprimerne rešitve na teh področjih lahko hitro privedejo do situacij, ki bi lahko pomenile »nehumano ali ponižujoče ravnanje«.
The aim should be to offer material conditions which are conducive to the treatment and welfare of patients; in psychiatric terms, a positive therapeutic environment.
Cilj bi moral biti, da se zagotovijo materialni pogoji, ki omogočajo zdravljenje in splošno dobrobit pacientov, da se torej zagotovi pozitivno terapevtsko okolje.
This is of importance not only for patients but also for staff working in psychiatric establishments.
To je pomembno tako za paciente kot tudi za osebje, ki dela v psihiatričnih ustanovah.
Further, adequate treatment and care, both psychiatric and somatic, must be provided to patients; having regard to the principle of the equivalence of care, the medical treatment and nursing care received by persons who are placed involuntarily in a psychiatric establishment should be comparable to that enjoyed by voluntary psychiatric patients.
Zagotovljeno mora biti primerno zdravljenje in nega - tako psihično kot somatsko; ob upoštevanju načela enakosti oskrbe bi morali biti zdravljenje in nega, ki ju prejemajo prisilno hospitalizirane osebe v psihiatričnih ustanovah, primerljivi s tisto, ki jo prejemajo prostovoljni pacienti.
The quality of patients&apos; living conditions and treatment inevitably depends to a considerable extent on available resources.
Kakovost bivanjskih pogojev in zdravljenja pacienta je do neke mere nujno odvisna tudi od razpoložljivih sredstev.
The CPT recognises that in times of grave economic difficulties, sacrifices may have to be made, including in health establishments.
CPT priznava, da lahko težke ekonomske razmere, pripeljejo do nujnih žrtev in odstopanja tudi v zdravstvenih ustanovah.
However, in the light of the facts found during some visits, the Committee wishes to stress that the provision of certain basic necessities of life must always be guaranteed in institutions where the State has persons under its care and/or custody.
V luči dejstev ugotovljenih med nekaterimi svojimi obiski, pa bi Odbor rad poudaril, da mora biti v ustanovah, v katerih država izvaja (prisilno) nego pacientov, vedno zadoščeno določenim osnovnim življenjskim potrebam.
These include adequate food, heating and clothing as well as - in health establishments - appropriate medication.
Mednje spadajo npr. primerna hrano, gretje, oblačila in v zdravstvenih ustanovah tudi primerna zdravila.
living conditions
bivanjski pogoji
Creating a positive therapeutic environment involves, first of all, providing sufficient living space per patient as well as adequate lighting, heating and ventilation, maintaining the establishment in a satisfactory state of repair and meeting hospital hygiene requirements.
Ustvarjanje pozitivnega terapevtskega okolja zahteva v prvi vrsti zagotovitev zadostnega bivanjskega prostora za pacienta, primerno razsvetljavo, gretje in prezračevanje, vzdrževanje ustanove v zadovoljivem stanju in zagotavljanje bolnici primernih higienskih standardov.
Particular attention should be given to the decoration of both patients&apos; rooms and recreation areas, in order to give patients visual stimulation.
Posebna pozornost bi morala biti posvečena opremi in dekoraciji sob za paciente in rekreacijskih prostorov, z namenom vizualne stimulacije pacientov.
The provision of bedside tables and wardrobes is highly desirable, and patients should be allowed to keep certain personal belongings (photographs, books, etc).
Zelo zaželeno je, da so pacientom zagotovljene nočne mizice in garderobne omare, dovoljeno bi jim moralo biti tudi, da obdržijo določene osebne predmete (fotografije, knjige itd.).
The importance of providing patients with lockable space in which they can keep their belongings should also be underlined; the failure to provide such a facility can impinge upon a patient&apos;s sense of security and autonomy.
Prav tako je pomembno, da se pacientom zagotovi zaklenjen prostor, v katerem imajo lahko shranjene svoje osebne stvari; če tega ni, ima to lahko negativne posledice na pacientov občutek varnosti in avtonomije.
Sanitary facilities should allow patients some privacy.
Toaletni prostori bi morali pacientom omogočati določeno stopnjo zasebnosti.
Further, the needs of elderly and/or handicapped patients in this respect should be given due consideration; for example, lavatories of a design which do not allow the user to sit are not suitable for such patients.
S tega vidika bi morala biti posebna pozornost posvečena potrebam starejših in/ali prizadetih; stranišča, ki ne omogočajo uporabniku, da se usede, na primer niso primerna za tovrstne paciente.
Similarly, basic hospital equipment enabling staff to provide adequate care (including personal hygiene) to bedridden patients must be made available; the absence of such equipment can lead to wretched conditions.
Podobno bi morala biti na voljo osnovna bolnišnična oprema za primerno negovanje (vključno z osebno higieno) pacientov, ki ne morejo iz postelje. Pomanjkanje tovrstne opreme lahko ustvari neprimerne in slabe bivanjske pogoje.
It should also be noted that the practice observed in some psychiatric establishments of continuously dressing patients in pyjamas/nightgowns is not conducive to strengthening personal identity and self-esteem; individualisation of clothing should form part of the therapeutic process.
Prav tako je potrebno poudariti, da praksa obveznega oblačenja pacientov v pižame ali spalne halje, ki jo je Odbor opazil v nekaterih psihiatričnih ustanovah, ne doprinese h krepitvi osebne identitete in samozavesti pacienta; individualizacija oblačenja bi morala tvoriti del terapevtskega procesa.
Patients&apos; food is another aspect of their living conditions which is of particular concern to the CPT.
Eden od pomembnih vidikov bivanjskih pogojev pacientov v psihiatričnih ustanovah, s katerim se ukvarja CPT, je tudi hrana.
Food must be not only adequate from the standpoints of quantity and quality, but also provided to patients under satisfactory conditions.
Ni dovolj, da je hrana primerna z vidika količine in kakovosti; pacientom mora biti tudi postrežena pod zadovoljivimi pogoji.
The necessary equipment should exist enabling food to be served at the correct temperature.
Na voljo bi morala biti primerna oprema, ki bi zagotavljala, da je hrana primerno topla.
Further, eating arrangements should be decent; in this regard it should be stressed that enabling patients to accomplish acts of daily life - such as eating with proper utensils whilst seated at a table - represents an integral part of programmes for the psycho-social rehabilitation of patients.
Spodobna bi morala biti tudi ureditev načina prehranjevanja; v povezavi s tem je potrebno poudariti, da omogočanje pacientom, da osvojijo vsakodnevne veščine, kot je npr. prehranjevanje z ustreznimi pripomočki, medtem ko sedijo za mizo, predstavlja sestavni del programa za psiho-socialno rehabilitacijo pacientov.
Similarly, food presentation is a factor which should not be overlooked.
Prav tako ne bi smel biti spregledan dejavnik kot je način, na katerega se hrana streže (posoda, pribor ipd).
The particular needs of disabled persons in relation to catering arrangements should also be taken into account.
Tudi glede prehranjevanja je potrebno upoštevati posebne potrebe prizadetih oseb.
The CPT also wishes to make clear its support for the trend observed in several countries towards the closure of large-capacity dormitories in psychiatric establishments; such facilities are scarcely compatible with the norms of modern psychiatry.
CPT želi izraziti svojo veliko podporo trendom, ki jih je opazil med obiski v nekaterih državah in ki gredo v smer zapiranja oddelkov z velikim številom pacientov v psihiatričnih ustanovah; tovrstni oddelki so skoraj nezdružljivi s pravili moderne psihiatrije.
Provision of accommodation structures based on small groups is a crucial factor in preserving/restoring patients&apos; dignity, and also a key element of any policy for the psychological and social rehabilitation of patients.
Zagotavljanje nastanitve, ki temelji na majhnih skupinah je ključen dejavnik pri zagotavljanju/ohranjanju pacientovega dostojanstva. Prav tako pa predstavlja ključen element psihološke in socialne rehabilitacije pacientov.
Structures of this type also facilitate the allocation of patients to relevant categories for therapeutic purposes.
Tovrstna ureditev tudi zagotavlja razvrstitev pacientov v primerne kategorije iz terapevtskih namenov.
Similarly, the CPT favours the approach increasingly being adopted of allowing patients who so wish to have access to their room during the day, rather than being obliged to remain assembled together with other patients in communal areas.
CPT prav tako podpira pristop, ki je vedno bolj razširjen, da se pacientom na njihovo željo dovoli dostop do njihovih sob tudi čez dan, ne pa, da se jih obveže, da so zbrani skupaj z drugimi pacienti v skupnih prostorih.
Psychiatric treatment should be based on an individualised approach, which implies the drawing up of a treatment plan for each patient.
Psihiatrično zdravljenje bi moralo temeljiti na individualiziranem pristopu, kar pomeni sestavo programa zdravljenja za vsakega pacienta posebej.
It should involve a wide range of rehabilitative and therapeutic activities, including access to occupational therapy, group therapy, individual psychotherapy, art, drama, music and sports.
Tak program bi moral vključevati širok spekter rehabilitacijskih in terapevtskih aktivnosti, vključno z možnostjo delovne terapije, skupinske terapije, individualne psihoterapije, umetnosti, igre, glasbe in športa.
Patients should have regular access to suitably-equipped recreation rooms and have the possibility to take outdoor exercise on a daily basis; it is also desirable for them to be offered education and suitable work.
Pacienti bi morali imeti reden dostop do primerno opremljenih rekreacijskih prostorov in imeti možnost vsakodnevne zunanje vadbe; zaželena je tudi možnost šolanja in primernega dela.
The CPT all too often finds that these fundamental components of effective psycho-social rehabilitative treatment are underdeveloped or even totally lacking, and that the treatment provided to patients consists essentially of pharmacotherapy.
CPT žal prepogosto opaža, da so te osnovne komponente učinkovitega psiho-socialnega zdravljenja premalo razvite ali pa jih sploh ni ter da je zdravljenje pogosto omejeno zgolj na terapije z zdravili.
This situation can be the result of the absence of suitably qualified staff and appropriate facilities or of a lingering philosophy based on the custody of patients.
Tovrsten položaj je lahko posledica pomanjkanja primerno kvalificiranega osebja in primernih prostorov, lahko pa tudi zaostale filozofije, ki temelji na prisilnem pridržanju pacientov.
Of course, psychopharmacologic medication often forms a necessary part of the treatment given to patients with mental disorders.
Seveda zdravila pogosto tvorijo nujen del zdravljenja pacienta s psihičnimi motnjami.
Procedures must be in place to ensure that medication prescribed is in fact provided, and that a regular supply of appropriate medicines is guaranteed.
Obstajati bi morali postopki, ki bi zagotavljali, da so predpisana zdravila pacientu dejansko tudi preskrbljena, in da je zagotovljena redna preskrba ustanove s primernimi zdravili.
The CPT will also be on the look-out for any indications of the misuse of medication.
Med svojimi obiski bo CPT pozoren tudi na morebitne znake zlorab zdravil.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a recognised form of treatment for psychiatric patients suffering from some particular disorders.
Terapija z elektro-šoki (ECT) je priznana oblika zdravljenja psihiatričnih pacientov, ki trpijo za nekaterimi posebnimi motnjami.
However, care should be taken that ECT fits into the patient&apos;s treatment plan, and its administration must be accompanied by appropriate safeguards.
Potrebno je zagotoviti, da je ECT samo del širšega programa zdravljenja pacienta, njegova uporaba pa mora biti ustrezno regulirana.
The CPT is particularly concerned when it encounters the administration of ECT in its unmodified form (i.e. without anaesthetic and muscle relaxants); this method can no longer be considered as acceptable in modern psychiatric practice.
CPT je še posebej zaskrbljen, kadar naleti na uporabo ECT-ja v neprilagojeni verziji, brez anestetikov in mišičnih relaksantov; tovrstni postopki v moderni psihiatrični praksi ne morejo biti več sprejemljivi.
Apart from the risk of fractures and other untoward medical consequences, the process as such is degrading for both the patients and the staff concerned.
Tudi če pustimo ob strani možnosti zlomov in drugih stranskih posledic, je že sam proces ponižujoč tako za paciente kot tudi za osebje, ki ga izvaja.
Consequently, ECT should always be administered in a modified form.
Zato bi se moral ECT vedno uporabljati le v moderni psihiatrični praksi prilagojeni obliki.
ECT must be administered out of the view of other patients (preferably in a room which has been set aside and equipped for this purpose), by staff who have been specifically trained to provide this treatment.
ECT lahko uporablja le osebje, ki je posebej izšolano in usposobljeno za izvajanje tega zdravljenja in to tako, da drugi pacienti postopka ne morejo videti (zaželeno je, da je na voljo posebej za ta namen določena in opremljena soba).
Further, recourse to ECT should be recorded in detail in a specific register.
Vsak primer uporaba ECT-ja bi moral biti podrobno zabeležen posebni evidenci.
It is only in this way that any undesirable practices can be clearly identified by hospital management and discussed with staff.
Samo na tak način bo lahko uprava ustanove morebitno nezaželeno in nepravilno prakso identificirala in se o njej pogovorila z osebjem.
Regular reviews of a patient&apos;s state of health and of any medication prescribed is another basic requirement.
Naslednja pomembna zahteva so redni pregledi pacientovega zdravstvenega stanja in morebitnih predpisanih zdravil.
This will inter alia enable informed decisions to be taken as regards a possible dehospitalisation or transfer to a less restrictive environment.
Ti pregledi omogočajo zdravnikom, da sprejemajo tehtne in premišljene odločitve o morebitnem odpustu pacienta iz ustanove ali o njegovi premestitvi v manj zaprte oddelke ustanove.
A personal and confidential medical file should be opened for each patient.
Za vsakega pacienta bi moral obstajati oseben in zaupen zdravstveni karton.
The file should contain diagnostic information (including the results of any special examinations which the patient has undergone) as well as an ongoing record of the patient&apos;s mental and somatic state of health and of his treatment.
Ta bi moral vsebovati diagnostične informacije (vključno z ugotovitvami morebitnih posebnih preiskav, ki jih je pacient opravil) kot tudi tekoče zaznamke o pacientovem duševnem in telesnem zdravju in njegovem zdravljenju
The patient should be able to consult his file, unless this is unadvisable from a therapeutic standpoint, and to request that the information it contains be made available to his family or lawyer.
Pacient bi moral imeti možnost vpogleda v svoj karton, razen če to ni priporočljivo s terapevtskega vidika. Prav tako bi moral imeti pacient pravico zahtevati, da so informacije, ki jih karton vsebuje, dane na vpogled njegovi družini ali odvetniku.
Further, in the event of a transfer, the file should be forwarded to the doctors in the receiving establishment; in the event of discharge, the file should be forwarded - with the patient&apos;s consent - to a treating doctor in the outside community.
V primeru premestitve bi moral biti karton poslan zdravnikom v novo ustanovo; v primeru odpusta pa bi moral biti karton - s pacientovo privolitvijo - poslan njegovemu osebnemu zdravniku.