natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Care programmes drawing on the full range of psychiatric treatment are much easier to implement in small units located close to the main urban centres.
Negovalni programi, ki vključujejo vse oblike psihiatričnega zdravljenja, se mnogo lažje izvajajo v manjših enotah, ki so postavljene blizu večjih urbanih središč.
Juveniles deprived of their liberty
Mladoletniki, ki jim je odvzeta prostost
In certain of its previous general reports, the CPT has set out the criteria which guide its work in a variety of places of detention, including police stations, prisons, holding centres for immigration detainees and psychiatric establishments.
V nekaterih prejšnjih splošnih poročilih je CPT postavil kriterije, ki vodijo njegovo delo med obiski različnih prostorov, v katerih se nahajajo osebe, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, vključno s policijskimi postajami, zapori, centri za tujce, ki jim je omejeno gibanje, in psihiatričnimi ustanovami.
The Committee applies the above-mentioned criteria, to the extent to which they are appropriate, in respect of juveniles (i.e. persons under the age of 18) deprived of their liberty.
Odbor uporablja omenjene kriterije v primernem obsegu tudi za obravnavanje mladoletnikov (osebe pod 18. letom starosti), ki jim je odvzeta prostost.
However - regardless of the reason for which they may have been deprived of their liberty - juveniles are inherently more vulnerable than adults.
Ne glede na razloge, zaradi katerih jim je odvzeta prostost, so mladoletniki nedvomno bolj ranljiva populacija kot odrasle osebe.
In consequence, particular vigilance is required to ensure that their physical and mental well-being is adequately protected.
Zato je potrebna posebna skrb za ustrezno zaščito njihove fizične in psihične dobrobiti.
In order to highlight the importance which it attaches to the prevention of ill-treatment of juveniles deprived of their liberty, the CPT has chosen to devote this chapter of its 9th General Report to describing some of the specific issues which it pursues in this area.
Da bi poudaril pomen, ki ga daje preprečevanju slabega ravnanja z mladoletniki, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, je CPT odločil to poglavje svojega devetega splošnega poročila posvetiti nekaterim specifičnim problemom, s katerimi se srečuje na tem področju.
In the following paragraphs, the Committee identifies a number of the safeguards against ill-treatment which it considers should be offered to all juveniles deprived of their liberty, before focussing on the conditions which should obtain in detention centres specifically designed for juveniles.
V naslednjih odstavkih je Odbor, še preden se je dotaknil pogojev, ki bi morali vladati v ustanovah za pridržanje mladoletnikov, identificiral številna jamstva zoper slabo ravnanje, za katere meni, da bi morala biti dana vsem mladoletnikom, ki jim je odvzeta prostost.
The Committee hopes in this way to give a clear indication to national authorities of its views regarding the manner in which such persons ought to be treated.
Na ta način želi Odbor nacionalnim oblastem vnaprej posredovati jasno sporočilo o svojih pogledih glede primernega ravnanja s temi osebami.
As in previous years, the CPT would welcome comments on this substantive section of its General Report.
Kot v prejšnjih letih, bo Odbor pozdravil vsak predlog ali komentar k temu delu splošnega poročila.
The Committee wishes to stress at the outset that any standards which it may be developing in this area should be seen as being complementary to those set out in a panoply of other international instruments, including the 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child; the 1985 United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules); the 1990 United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty and the 1990 United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (the Riyadh Guidelines).
Na začetku želi Odbor poudariti, naj standardi, ki jih razvija na tem področju služijo zgolj za dopolnilo tistim, ki so že bili uveljavljeni v mnogih drugih mednarodnih instrumentih, vključno s Konvencijo ZN o pravicah otroka iz leta 1989, Minimalnimi standardi ZN za mladoletniško kazensko sodstvo iz leta 1985 (Pekinška pravila), Pravila ZN za zaščito mladoletnikov, ki jim je odvzeta prostost iz l. metricconverterProductID1990 in1990 in Navodila ZN za preprečevanje mladoletniške delinkvence (Ryiadh navodila).
The Committee also wishes to express its approval of one of the cardinal principles enshrined in the above-mentioned instruments, namely that juveniles should only be deprived of their liberty as a last resort and for the shortest possible period of time (cf. Article 37 b. of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and Rules 13 and 19 of the Beijing Rules).
Odbor bi rad izrazil tudi svoje odobravanje enega temeljnih načel, ki izhaja iz zgoraj omenjenih instrumentov, to je, da sme biti odvzem prostosti mladoletnikom uporabljen zgolj kot zadnje sredstvo in še to za najkrajši možni čas (glej 37.b. člen Konvencije o pravicah otroka in metricconverterProductID13. in13. in 19. pravilo Pekinških pravil).
Given its mandate, the CPT&apos;s first priority during visits to places where juveniles are deprived of their liberty is to seek to establish whether they are being subjected to deliberate ill-treatment.
Glede na svoje pristojnosti je prva prioriteta CPT-ja pri obisku prostorov, v katerih se nahajajo mladoletniki, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, da preveri ali so mladoletniki izpostavljeni namernemu slabemu ravnanju.
The Committee&apos;s findings to date would suggest that, in most of the establishments which it visits, this is a comparatively rare occurrence.
Ugotovitve Odbora kažejo, da je tovrstno ravnanje v večini ustanov, ki jih je Odbor do danes obiskal, relativno redek pojav.
However, as is the case for adults, it would appear that juveniles run a higher risk of being deliberately ill-treated in police establishments than in other places of detention.
Kot pri odraslih, se tudi pri mladoletnikih kaže, da obstaja večje tveganje namernega slabega ravnanja v policijskih prostorih, kot pa v ostalih prostorih, kjer se nahajajo osebe, ki jim je odvzeta prostost.
Indeed, on more than one occasion, CPT delegations have gathered credible evidence that juveniles have featured amongst the persons tortured or otherwise ill-treated by police officers.
Ob več priložnostih so CPT-jeve delegacije celo zbrale verodostojne dokaze, da se med osebami, ki jih policija muči ali z njimi slabo ravna, najpogosteje pojavljajo prav mladoletniki.
In this context, the CPT has stressed that it is during the period immediately following deprivation of liberty that the risk of torture and ill-treatment is at its greatest.
S tem v zvezi je CPT že poudaril, da je v obdobju takoj po odvzemu prostosti, tveganje, da bo prišlo do mučenja ali slabega ravnanja, največje.
It follows that it is essential that all persons deprived of their liberty (including juveniles) enjoy, as from the moment when they are first obliged to remain with the police, the rights to notify a relative or another third party of the fact of their detention, the right of access to a lawyer and the right of access to a doctor.
Zato je ključno, da imajo vse osebe, ki jim je odvzeta prostost (vključno z mladoletniki), od trenutka prijetja dalje pravico da o tem obvestijo svoje sorodnike ali drugo tretjo osebo, pravico do odvetnika in pravico do zdravnika.
Over and above these safeguards, certain jurisdictions recognise that the inherent vulnerability of juveniles requires that additional precautions be taken.
Ob teh jamstvih pa določeni sistemi priznavajo, da nesporna ranljivost mladoletnikov zahteva še dodatne ukrepe.
These include placing police officers under a formal obligation themselves to ensure that an appropriate person is notified of the fact that a juvenile has been detained (regardless of whether the juvenile requests that this be done).
Mednje spada tudi formalna obveznost policistov, da opravijo obveščanje primerne osebe o odvzemu prostosti mladoletniku (ne glede na to ali mladoletnik to zahteva).
It may also be the case that police officers are not entitled to interview a juvenile unless such an appropriate person and/or a lawyer is present.
Prav tako je ponekod določeno, da policisti brez prisotnosti primerne osebe in/ali odvetnika nimajo pravice zaslišati mladoletnika.
The CPT welcomes this approach.
CPT tak pristop pozdravlja.
In a number of other establishments visited, CPT delegations have been told that it was not uncommon for staff to administer the occasional &quot;pedagogic slap&quot; to juveniles who misbehaved.
V številnih ustanovah, je delegacija CPT-ja med obiskom izvedela, da ni neobičajno, da so mladoletniki, ki se niso primerno obnašali, od osebja dobili »vzgojno klofuto«.
The Committee considers that, in the interests of the prevention of ill-treatment, all forms of physical chastisement must be both formally prohibited and avoided in practice.
Odbor meni, da morajo biti vse oblike fizičnega »kaznovanja« zaradi potrebe po preprečevanju slabega ravnanja formalno prepovedane, izogibati pa se jim je potrebno tudi v praksi.
Inmates who misbehave should be dealt with only in accordance with prescribed disciplinary procedures.
Probleme z mladoletniki, ki se neprimerno obnašajo, bi morali reševati v skladu s predpisanimi disciplinskimi postopki.
The Committee&apos;s experience also suggests that when ill-treatment of juveniles does occur, it is more often the result of a failure adequately to protect the persons concerned from abuse than of a deliberate intention to inflict suffering.
Izkušnje Odbora tudi kažejo, da so primeri slabega ravnanja pogosto bolj rezultat opustitve dolžnosti primerne zaščite mladoletnika pred zlorabo, kot pa namerno povzročanje trpljenja.
An important element in any strategy to prevent such abuse is observance of the principle that juveniles in detention should as a rule be accommodated separately from adults.
Pomemben element vsake strategije za preprečevanje tovrstnih zlorab je spoštovanje načela, da morajo biti mladoletniki, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, nastanjeni ločeno od odraslih oseb.
Examples of a failure to respect this principle which have been observed by the CPT have included
Primeri nespoštovanja tega načela, ki jih je CPT opazil, so npr.
adult male prisoners being placed in cells for male juveniles, often with the intention that they maintain control in those cells; female juveniles being accommodated together with adult women prisoners; juvenile psychiatric patients sharing accommodation with chronically ill adult patients.
odrasle moške zapornike se namešča v celice za moške mladoletnike, pogosto z namenom, da bodo prvi vzdrževali red v teh celicah; mladoletnice se namešča skupaj z odraslimi zapornicami; mladoletni psihiatrični pacienti delijo namestitev s kronično bolnimi odraslimi pacienti.
The Committee accepts that there may be exceptional situations (e.g. children and parents being held as immigration detainees) in which it is plainly in the best interests of juveniles not to be separated from particular adults.
Odbor priznava, da so možne izjemne situacije (otroci in starši, ki jim je kot tujcem omejeno gibanje), v katerih je v najboljšem interesu mladoletnika, da ni ločen od določenih odraslih oseb.
However, to accommodate juveniles and unrelated adults together inevitably brings with it the possibility of domination and exploitation.
Namestitev mladoletnikov in odraslih oseb, ki z mladoletnikom niso v sorodu, v skupne prostore, s sabo neizogibno prinese možnost dominacije in izkoriščanja.
Mixed gender staffing is another safeguard against ill-treatment in places of detention, in particular where juveniles are concerned.
Zaposlovanje osebja obeh spolov je dodatno jamstvo zoper slabo ravnanje v prostorih, kjer se nahajajo osebe, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, še posebej, kadar gre za mladoletnike.
The presence of both male and female staff can have a beneficial effect in terms of both the custodial ethos and in fostering a degree of normality in a place of detention.
Prisotnost tako moškega kot ženskega osebja ima lahko ugoden učinek na zaporno okolje ter doprinese k ustvarjanju določene stopnje normalnosti v tovrstnih prostorih.
Mixed gender staffing also allows for appropriate staff deployment when carrying out gender sensitive tasks, such as searches.
Zaposlovanje osebja obeh spolov prav tako omogoča primerno razporeditev osebja pri izvajanju spolno občutljivih nalog kot so npr. osebne preiskave.
In this respect, the CPT wishes to stress that, regardless of their age, persons deprived of their liberty should only be searched by staff of the same gender and that any search which requires an inmate to undress should be conducted out of the sight of custodial staff of the opposite gender; these principles apply a fortiori in respect of juveniles.
S tem v zvezi želi CPT poudariti, da lahko osebo, ki ji je odvzeta prostost, ne glede na njeno starost, preišče samo oseba, ki je istega spola.Vsaka osebna preiskava, ki zahteva od osebe, da se sleče, bi morala biti izvedena tako, da je osebe nasprotnega spola ne morejo opazovati. Omenjena načela se a fortiori uporabljajo tudi za mladoletnike.
Lastly, in a number of establishments visited, CPT delegations have observed custodial staff who come into direct contact with juveniles openly carrying batons.
V velikem številu ustanov, so delegacije CPT-ja med svojimi obiski opazile, da osebje, ki prihaja v neposreden stik z mladoletniki, stalno in na vidnem mestu nosi gumijevke.
Such a practice is not conducive to fostering positive relations between staff and inmates.
Tovrstna praksa ne prispeva k ustvarjanju pozitivnih odnosov med osebjem in varovanci.
Preferably, custodial staff should not carry batons at all.
Zaželeno je, da osebje sploh ne bi nosilo palic.
If, nevertheless, it is considered indispensable for them to do so, the CPT recommends that the batons be hidden from view.
Če se to kljub temu šteje za nujno, CPT priporoča, da se jih nosi tako, da niso vidne.
Detention centres for juveniles
Centri za mladoletnike, ki jim je odvzeta prostost
In the view of the CPT, all juveniles deprived of their liberty because they are accused or convicted of criminal offences ought to be held in detention centres specifically designed for persons of this age, offering regimes tailored to their needs and staffed by persons trained in dealing with the young.
Po mnenju CPT-ja bi morali biti vsi mladoletniki, ki jim je odvzeta prostost kot obtožencem ali obsojencem za kazniva dejanja, nastanjeni v centrih, ki so posebej zasnovani za osebe njihove starosti. Taki centri bi morali imeti ustrezno prilagojene hišne rede, zaposleno osebje pa bi moralo biti izšolano in usposobljeno za delo z mladimi.
Moreover, the care of juveniles in custody requires special efforts to reduce the risks of long-term social maladjustment.
Skrb za mladoletnike, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, zahteva poseben napor, usmerjen v zmanjšanje tveganja dolgotrajnejše socialne ne-prilagoditve.
This calls for a multidisciplinary approach, drawing upon the skills of a range of professionals (including teachers, trainers and psychologists), in order to respond to the individual needs of juveniles within a secure educative and socio-therapeutic environment.
Za ustrezno odzivanje na individualne potrebe mladoletnikov znotraj varnega izobraževalnega in socio-terapevtskega okolja je potreben multi-disciplinaren pristop ob sodelovanju širokega kroga profesionalcev (vključno z učitelji, trenerji in psihologi).
material conditions of detention
Materialni pogoji
A well-designed juvenile detention centre will provide positive and personalised conditions of detention for young persons deprived of their liberty.
Dobro zasnovan center lahko zagotovi posamezniku prilagojene in pozitivne pogoje mladim ljudem, ki jim je odvzeta prostost.
In addition to being of an adequate size, well lit and ventilated, juveniles&apos; sleeping and living areas should be properly furnished, well-decorated and offer appropriate visual stimuli.
Tak center bi moral biti primerne velikosti, dobro osvetljen in prezračen, spalnice in dnevni prostori bi morali biti ustrezno opremljeni, prijetnega ambienta in bi morali nuditi primeren vizualni stimulans mladoletnikom.
Unless there are compelling security reasons to the contrary, juveniles should be allowed to keep a reasonable quantity of personal items.
Mladoletnikom bi morali dovoliti, da obdržijo razumno količino osebnih predmetov, razen če temu nasprotujejo utemeljeni varnostni razlogi.
The CPT would add that, in certain establishments, it has observed a tendency to overlook the personal hygiene needs of female detainees, including juvenile girls.
CPT želi dodati, da je v določenih ustanovah opazil tendenco ignoriranja potreb osebne higiene ženskih varovank, vključno z mladoletnicami.
For this population in custody, ready access to sanitary and washing facilities as well as provision of hygiene items, such as sanitary towels, is of particular importance.
Za to populacijo je neposreden dostop do toaletnih in umivalnih prostorov, vključno z zagotavljanjem pripomočkov za osebno higieno, kot so npr. higienski vložki, posebnega pomena.
The failure to provide such basic necessities can amount, in itself, to degrading treatment.
Če te osnovne potrebščine niso zagotovljene, lahko to samo po sebi pomeni ponižujoče ravnanje.
Although a lack of purposeful activity is detrimental for any prisoner, it is especially harmful for juveniles, who have a particular need for physical activity and intellectual stimulation.
Pomanjkanje koristnih aktivnosti je škodljivo za vsakega zapornika, kar posebej velja za mladoletnike. Ti imajo namreč posebne potrebe po fizični aktivnosti in intelektualni stimulaciji.
Juveniles deprived of their liberty should be offered a full programme of education, sport, vocational training, recreation and other purposeful activities.
Mladoletnikom, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, bi moral biti ponujen celovit program šolanja, športa, usposabljanja za poklic, rekreacije in drugih koristnih dejavnosti.
Physical education should constitute an important part of that programme.
Telesna vzgoja bi morala tvoriti pomemben del tega programa.
It is particularly important that girls and young women deprived of their liberty should enjoy access to such activities on an equal footing with their male counterparts.
Še posebej je pomembno, da imajo ženske in mlada dekleta, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, enak dostop do teh aktivnosti kot njihovi moški kolegi.
All too often, the CPT has encountered female juveniles being offered activities which have been stereotyped as &quot;appropriate&quot; for them (such as sewing or handicrafts), whilst male juveniles are offered training of a far more vocational nature.
Prepogosto je CPT med svojimi obiski naletel na primere, ko so bile mladoletnicam na voljo le aktivnosti, ki so bile stereotipno določene kot primerne zanje (npr. šivanje in ročno delo), medtem ko so bile moškim mladoletnikom ponujene drugačne aktivnosti.
In this respect, the CPT wishes to express its approval of the principle set forth in Rule 26.4 of the Beijing Rules, to the effect that every effort must be made to ensure that female juveniles deprived of their liberty &quot;by no means receive less care, protection, assistance, treatment and training than young male offenders.
V zvezi s tem želi CPT izraziti svoje odobravanje načel postavljenih v pravilu št. 26/4 Pekinških pravil, kjer je navedeno, da mora biti vloženo veliko truda, da mladoletnice, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, »v nobenem primeru ne prejemajo manj pozornosti, zaščite, pomoči, zdravljenja in usposabljanja kot prestopniki moškega spola.
Their fair treatment shall be ensured.&quot;
Zagotovljeno jim mora biti enako in pošteno obravnavanje.«
The regimes of a number of the juvenile detention centres visited by the Committee have included generalised incentive schemes, which allow juveniles to attain additional privileges in exchange for displaying approved behaviour.
Pravila (hišni red) v številnih centrih za mladoletne prestopnike, ki jih je obiskal Odbor, so vključevala različne splošne sheme, ki so mladoletnikom v zameno za njihovo določeno zaželeno vedenje omogočali pridobitev dodatnih privilegijev.
It is not for the CPT to express a view on the socio-educative value of such schemes.
CPT ni poklican za to, da bi izražal lastno mnenje o družbeno-izobraževalni vrednosti takih shem.
However, it pays particularly close attention to the content of the base-level regime being offered to juveniles subject to such schemes, and to whether the manner in which they may progress (and regress) within a given scheme includes adequate safeguards against arbitrary decision-making by staff.
Vendar pa je CPT posebej pozoren na to, kako se vsebina organizacije in vodenja takih shem odraža v praksi; kako mladoletniki napredujejo (ali nazadujejo) v okviru tovrstnih shem in ali pri tem obstajajo primerna jamstva proti arbitrarnemu odločanju osebja.
The custody and care of juveniles deprived of their liberty is a particularly challenging task.
Skrb in varovanje mladoletnikov, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, je posebej zahtevna naloga.
The staff called upon to fulfil that task should be carefully selected for their personal maturity and ability to cope with the challenges of working with - and safeguarding the welfare of - this age group.
Osebje, ki naj bi jo izpolnjevalo, mora biti skrbno izbrano na podlagi osebne zrelosti in sposobnosti, da se soočijo z izzivi, ki jo prinaša delo s to starostno skupino in varovanje njene dobrobiti.
More particularly, they should be committed to working with young people, and be capable of guiding and motivating the juveniles in their charge.
Osebje bi moralo biti predano delu z mladimi in biti sposobno voditi in motivirati mladoletnike, ki so jim zaupani.
All such staff, including those with purely custodial duties, should receive professional training, both during induction and on an ongoing basis, and benefit from appropriate external support and supervision in the exercise of their duties.
Celotno osebje, vključno s pazniki, bi se moralo strokovno usposabljati tako ob prvem nastopu dela kot redno pozneje. Pri opravljanju svojih nalog bi morali upoštevati ustrezno zunanjo podporo in nadzor.
Moreover, the management of such centres should be entrusted to persons with advanced leadership skills, who have the capacity to respond in an effective manner to the complex and competing demands placed upon them, both by juveniles and by staff.
Upravljanje tovrstnih centrov bi moralo biti zaupano ljudem z razvitimi voditeljskimi sposobnostmi, ki se znajo učinkovito odzovati na kompleksne in včasih nasprotujoče zahteve, pred katere jih postavljajo tako mladoletniki kot osebje.
contact with the outside world
Stiki z zunanjim svetom
The CPT attaches considerable importance to the maintenance of good contact with the outside world for all persons deprived of their liberty.
CPT posveča poseben pomen vzdrževanju dobrih stikov z zunanjim svetom vseh oseb, ki jim je odvzeta prostost.
The guiding principle should be to promote contact with the outside world; any restrictions on such contacts should be based exclusively on security concerns of an appreciable nature or considerations linked to available resources.
Spodbujanje stikov z zunanjim svetom bi moralo biti vodilno načelo; vsaka omejitev je lahko pogojena izključno z utemeljenimi varnostnimi razlogi ali omejenimi sredstvi.
The active promotion of such contacts can be especially beneficial for juveniles deprived of their liberty, many of whom may have behavioural problems related to emotional deprivation or a lack of social skills.
Aktivno spodbujanje tovrstnih stikov je še posebej koristno pri mladoletnikih, ki jim je odvzeta prostost, med katerimi je veliko takih z vedenjskimi problemi, povezanimi s čustveno zanemarjenostjo ali pomanjkanjem družbenih veščin.
The CPT also wishes to stress that a juvenile&apos;s contact with the outside world should never be restricted or denied as a disciplinary measure.
CPT želi prav tako poudariti, da stikov mladoletnika z zunanjim svetom ne bi smeli nikoli omejevati ali onemogočati kot posledico disciplinskih ukrepov.