natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Slovenian Government had discussed the document and adopted it as an Annex to the National Programme for the Adoption of the Acquis Communautaire on 26 March 1998. At the beginning of negotiations with the EU, the European Commission evaluated the Strategy as a very good basis for Slovenia&apos;s accession activities in the field of the environment.
Vlada Republike Slovenije je dokument obravnavala in ga 26. marca 1998 sprejela kot prilogo k Državnemu programu za prevzem pravnega reda EU (acquis communautaire). Na začetku pogajanj z EU je Evropska komisija strategijo ocenila kot zelo dobro osnovo za okoljske pristopne dejavnosti Slovenije k EU.
The document describes the accession process itself; defines the operational plan for accession activities and priority tasks with regard to the environment; assesses the compliance of Slovenian environmental legislation with that of the EU; and provides for the supervision and enforcement of environmental legislation.
Dokument med drugim opisuje sam pristopni proces, opredeljuje delovni načrt za okoljske pristopne dejavnosti in prednostne naloge, predstavlja oceno usklajenosti okoljske zakonodaje z evropsko in zagotavlja spremljanje ter uveljavljanje okoljske zakonodaje.
The Strategy is based on relevant documents drafted by Slovenia and the European Commission, including Strategy of the Republic of Slovenia for Accession to the EU (Ljubljana, September 1997, and subsequent amended versions); the White Paper of the European Commission (Brussels, 1995); the Agenda 2000; the Commission Opinion on Slovenia&apos;s Application for Membership of the EU (Brussels, August 1997); the Guide to the Approximation of EU Environmental Legislation (Brussels, August 1997). It also takes into account numerous resolutions and agreements adopted by the Slovenian Government and the institutions of the European Commission.
Strategija temelji na bistvenih dokumentih Slovenije in Evropske komisije, med drugim na Strategiji Republike Slovenije za vključevanje v EU (Ljubljana, september 1997, in kasnejše popravljene verzije), Beli knjigi Evropske komisije (Bruselj, 1995), Agendi 2000 in Mnenju Komisije o prošnji Slovenije za članstvo v EU (Bruselj, avgust 1997), Priročniku Komisije za aproksimacijo okoljske zakonodaje (Bruselj, avgust 1997) ter na številnih sklepih in dogovorih tako Vlade Republike Slovenije kot pomembnih inštitucij Evropske komisije.
It is evident from the document that the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning and other national bodies, municipalities and the entire economy are faced with exceptionally extensive tasks, which will have to be carried out in a relatively short time if Slovenia wishes to accede to the EU soon after 2000. The transposition of EU environmental legislation to Slovenian legislation will not present a serious problem. The transposition is expected to be completed by the end of 2000.
Iz dokumenta je razvidno, da imajo Ministrstvo za okolje in prostor ter drugi državni organi, občine in gospodarstvo izjemno obsežne naloge, ki jih bo potrebno opraviti v razmeroma kratkem času, če želimo vstopiti v EU kmalu po letu 2000. Prenos evropske okoljske zakonodaje v naš pravni red pri tem niti ne bo glavni problem, saj ga bomo predvidoma opravili do konca leta 2000.
In the short term the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning will harmonise Slovenian legislation with framework directives concerning air, waters and waste, and begin to implement harmonisation programmes, in accordance with the recommendations and resolutions in the Commission Opinion on Slovenia&apos;s Application for Membership of the EU.
V skladu s priporočili in sklepi Mnenja Komisije o prošnji Slovenije za članstvo v EU, bo Ministrstvo za okolje in prostor v kratkoročnem obdobju slovensko okoljsko zakonodajo uskladilo z EU na področju okvirnih smernic za zrak, vode in odpadke ter začelo uresničevati usklajevalne programe z EU.
In the medium term the Ministry will harmonise the regulations with the IPPC directive and other environmental legislation and develop a system for monitoring of the enforcement of environmental legislation.
V srednjeročnem obdobju bo ministrstvo uskladilo tudi smernico o nadzoru in preprečevanju onesnaževanja in drugo okoljsko zakonodajo (IPPC) ter razvilo spremljanje in nadzor za uresničevanje okoljske zakonodaje.
The Ministry will continue with the implementation of harmonisation programmes and the required environmental investments.
Nadaljevalo bo z uresničevanjem usklajevalnih programov in potrebnih okoljskih investicij.
Current State of the Environment and Expected Changes
Ocena stanja in pričakovanih sprememb okolja
3.1 State of the Environment by Subject Areas12
3.1 Ocena stanja po področjih(7)
In the period of fast post-war industrialisation and urbanisation the state of individual environmental components declined sharply, but it has since stabilised. Nevertheless, a more effective response of society is needed.
Stanje posameznih sestavin okolja se je po naglem slabšanju v obdobju najhitrejše povojne industrializacije in urbanizacije ustalilo, vendar na stopnji, ki terja bistveno uspešnejši in učinkovitejši odziv družbe.
Since Slovenia gained independence the quality of surface waters and air has improved, while the quality of groundwater in certain areas has been declining.
Po osamosvojitvi države se je delno izboljšala kakovost površinskih voda in zraka, kakovost nekaterih podtalnic pa se slabša.
The management of urban and industrial waste is still a problem.
Problematično ostaja ravnanje s komunalnimi in industrijskimi odpadki.
The main reason for the improved quality of surface waters is the reduction in the production volume (the closure of a number of major polluters). The improved air quality is a result of the stepped-up transition to the use of more environment-friendly fuels and heating systems and of the already completed desulphurisation in some thermal power plants.
Na izboljševanje kvalitete površinskih voda je najbolj vplivalo zmanjšanje obsega fizične proizvodnje (zaprtje nekaterih večjih onesnaževalcev), pri zraku pa so pozitivni rezultati odsev pospešenega prehoda na uporabo okolju prijaznejših goriv in sistemov ogrevanja ter izvedenih projektov odžveplevanja v termoenergetskih objektih.
Threats to the biological and landscape diversity and non-living nature have not yet been successfully managed. An important resource, necessary for the existence and further development of society is thereby jeopardised.
V Sloveniji še niso obvladani vzroki ogrožanja biotske in krajinske raznovrstnosti ter elementov nežive narave, zaradi česar je ogrožen pomemben vir nadaljnjega obstoja in razvoja družbe.
Furthermore, the situation is getting worse.
Pri tem se stanje še slabša.
In Slovenia the relation between environmental pollution and the health of the population has not yet been systematically researched.
Sistematičnih raziskav o povezavi med onesnaženostjo okolja in zdravstvenim stanjem prebivalstva v Slovenije še ni.
However, our knowledge about the quality of individual environmental components and about the health status of the population living in the most frequently affected areas (e.g. Celje, Velenje, Mežica, the Zasavje region, etc.)13 is rather good.
Tudi sicer so take raziskave redke, čeprav razmeroma dobro poznamo kakovost posameznih sestavin okolja, kot tudi zdravstveno stanje prebivalstva v posameznih najpogosteje prizadetih območjih (npr. Celje, Velenje, Mežica, Zasavje...)(8).
More attention has been devoted to the research of relations between working conditions and the health of workers in different industries14, which does not fall within the scope of the NEAP.
Več pozornosti je veljalo raziskovanju povezav med pogoji dela in zdravjem delavcev v različnih industrijah, kar pa je zunaj okvira NPVO(9).
Slovenia has not yet set up a coordinated information system health environment, which is at the organisational level one of the crucial conditions for the effective action.
Na organizacijski ravni je eden bistvenih pogojev učinkovitega ukrepanja koordiniran informacijski sistem zdravje okolje, ki ga še ni.
The majority of surface watercourses is excessively polluted (29% fall into the third and fourth water quality class). The pollution is spreading towards river sources. The quality of groundwater has been deteriorating recently.
Največ površinskih vodotokov je prekomerno onesnaženih (29% v 3. in 4. razredu), pri čemer se onesnaževanje širi v povirja rek. V zadnjem času se slabša kakovost podtalnice.
The rehabilitation of point water pollution sources has not been carried out to the desired extent.
Točkovni viri onesnaževanja voda niso sanirani v želenem obsegu.
Wastewater generated by 75% of the population is treated by various methods15. Drinking water supply for 80% of the population is organised through public service.
Čiščenje odpadnih voda poteka na različne načine pri ca. 75% prebivalstva(10), pri čemer ima 80% slovenskega prebivalstva zagotovljeno organizirano javno oskrbo s pitno vodo.
Many industrial plant and facilities still discharge wastewater into watercourses without any prior treatment.
Znaten del industrije še vedno izpušča odpadne vode v vodotoke brez čiščenja.
The Decree on the Water Pollution Tax16, issued in 1995, established an economic mechanism forcing polluters to look for more suitable solutions.
Na pospešeno iskanje rešitev že vpliva leta 1995 izdana uredba o taksi za obremenjevanje vode (Uradni list RS, št. 41/95, 44/95 in 8/96), s katero so povzročitelji z ekonomskim mehanizmom prisiljeni v iskanje ustreznih rešitev.
Among the diffused sources of water pollution are intensive agriculture, certain industrial sectors, traffic and dispersed settlements without wastewater collecting systems.
Med razpršenimi viri onesnaževanja voda je potrebno posebej navesti intenzivno kmetijstvo, del industrije, promet ter razpršeno poselitev z neurejenim odvajanjem odpadnih voda.
Agriculture is responsible for the bulk of groundwater pollution caused by nitrates, phosphates and pesticides (mainly due to intensive arable farming in the north-eastern part of Slovenia) and by organic substances and ammonia compounds generated by livestock farms.
Kmetijstvo je odgovorno za pretežni del onesnaževanja podtalnic z nitrati, fosfati in pesticidi (problematično predvsem zaradi intenzivnega poljedelstva v SV Sloveniji) ter organskimi snovmi in amonijevimi spojinami z živinorejskih farm.
Industry bears the main responsibility for pollution caused by heavy metals (in conjunction with traffic), phenols and organic solvents.
Industrija nosi največji del odgovornosti za onesnaževanje s težkimi kovinami (tudi promet), fenoli in organskimi topili.
Air quality in Slovenia has improved in recent years.
Kakovost se je v Sloveniji v zadnjih letih na splošno nekoliko izboljšala.
The most evident is the reduction of the pollution caused by SO2 emissions, especially in urban areas (introduction of gas pipeline network17, district heating systems, etc.).
Najopazneje se je zmanjšala onesnaženost z žveplovim dioksidom (SO2), predvsem v mestih (plinifikacija(11), toplifikacija...).
The state of the environment in the vicinity of power plants has improved (Šoštanj, Ljubljana).
V bližini elektrarn je opaziti izboljšanje stanja (Šoštanj, Ljubljana).
Between 1980 (used as a reference year) and 1995 total SO2 emissions in Slovenia decreased by more than 50% (from more than 250 000 to 120 000 tonnes a year).
Od leta 1980, ki velja kot referenčno leto, se je skupna emisija SO2 v Sloveniji do leta 1995 zmanjšala za preko 50% (od preko 250.000 na 120.000 ton/leto).
In accordance with assumed international obligations the SO2 emissions should have been reduced by 30% by the end of 1993. In very unfavourable weather conditions the concentrations of harmful substances still exceed the critical levels at a number of exposed locations within the areas of influence of thermal power plants, increasing the mortality rate of the exposed population.
V skladu s prevzetimi mednarodnimi obveznostmi bi se morala do konca leta 1993 že zmanjšati za 30%. Na nekaterih izpostavljenih lokacijah na vplivnem območju termoelektrarn se ob najneugodnejših vremenskih razmerah še pojavljajo koncentracije škodljivih snovi v zraku, ki močno presegajo kritične imisijske koncentracije in utegnejo celo vplivati na povečano smrtnost izpostavljenega prebivalstva.
Air pollution of the air caused by nitrogen oxides (NOx), which mostly affect the immediate vicinity of roads and power facilities, is increasing.
Onesnaženost zraka z dušikovimi oksidi (NOx), s katerimi je najbolj obremenjena neposredna bližina prometnih cest in energetskih objektov, narašča.
In 1990 and 1991 NOx emissions temporarily abated, due to decrease in traffic and production. Since then they have been rapidly increasing.
V letih 1990 in 1991 se je emisija NOx začasno znižala zaradi zmanjšanja prometa in proizvodnje, od takrat pa hitro narašča.
The total quantity of NOx emitted in 1997 was approx. 23% greater than in the reference year 1987. The Protocol concerning the Control of Emissions of NOx requires that Contracting Parties stabilise emissions of NOx at 1987 levels.
V primerjavi z referenčnim letom 1987, je skupna emisija NOx v letu 1997 večja za pribl. Protokol o zmanjšanju NOx zahteva ohranitev emisij NOx na ravni 1987.
The electricity sector generates the major share of SO2 emissions (81%) while 66% of NOx emissions are caused by traffic.
K emisiji SO2 največ prispeva elektroenergetika (81%), k emisiji NOx pa promet (66%).
The motor traffic is the main source of lead emissions and emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), which can form photochemical oxidants. The source of a bulk of VOC is also industry.
Promet z motornimi vozili je glavni povzročitelj emisij svinca ter hlapnih organskih spojin (VOC), ki so sposobne proizvajati fotokemijske oksidante, katerih znaten del prispeva tudi industrija.
During the summer months the concentrations of ground-level ozone at all permanent measuring stations almost daily exceed the limit values.
V poletnem času koncentracije ozona v prizemni plasti, na vseh stalnih merilnih mestih v Sloveniji, skoraj vsakodnevno presegajo mejne vrednosti.
High ozone concentrations have adverse effects on people and plants.
Visoke koncentracije ozona neugodno vplivajo na ljudi in rastline.
In Slovenia much of the ozone is generated by the transit traffic but with the current measuring network the extent of pollution can not be determined.
Veliko ozona se tvori v Sloveniji zaradi transporta od drugod, vendar sedanja merilna mreža ne zadošča za ugotavljanje obsega onesnaževanja.
The Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change binds Slovenia to reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases by 8% with regard to the reference year 1986. The quantity of CO2 emissions, the major greenhouse gas, began to fall after 1986, mainly due to economic difficulties.
Kiotski protokol h konvenciji Združenih narodov o spremembi podnebja (Uradni list RS, št. 13/95 MP, št. 59/95) obvezuje Slovenijo k 8-odstotnem zmanjšanju toplogrednih plinov glede na izhodiščno leto 1986. Emisije ogljikovega vodika (CO2), najpomembnejšega toplogrednega plina, so se po letu 1986 začele zmanjševati predvsem zaradi gospodarskih težav.
Following the new impetus of economic growth and the revival of transport routes in 1992, the quantities of the emitted CO2 have increased rapidly. In 1997 the emissions exceeded the amounts of the reference year 198618. Electricity sector 19 and traffic contribute the largest share of CO2 emissions (35% and 32% respectively).
Po ponovnem zagonu gospodarstva in oživitvi transportnih poti od leta 1992, emisije CO2strmo naraščajo, tako da so leta 1997 že presegle emisije izhodiščnega leta 1986(12). Največji delež pri emisijah CO2 imata elektroenergetika(13) (35%) in promet (32%).
The greenhouse effect is also caused by methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The main sources of these are agriculture, waste management, coal industry and traffic.
Pri toplogrednem učinku sodelujejo v večji meri tudi emisije metana (CH4) in didušikovega oksida (N2O), kjer so glavni viri kmetijstvo, ravnanje z odpadki, premogovništvo in promet.
The remaining greenhouse gases covered by the Kyoto Protocol are HFC, PFC in SF6. Their contribution to the greenhouse effect is smaller. The programme for reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases is currently being drafted.
Kiotski protokol zajema tudi delno halogenirane fluorovodike (HFC), perfluoroogljike (PFC) in žveplove fluoroide (SF6), katerih toplogredni prispevek pa je manjši. Program zmanjševanja emisij toplogrednih plinov je v začetni fazi izdelave.
The first estimates show that the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions will be a difficult task for Slovenia. Nevertheless, it is a challenge and an additional incentive for the restructuring of the energy sector and industry in order to ensure greater economic efficiency in the future.
Prve ocene kažejo, da bo zmanjševanje emisij toplogrednih plinov za Slovenijo težka naloga, a hkrati izziv, ki ga Slovenija lahko izkoristi kot dodatno vzpodbudo pri prestrukturiranju slovenske energetike in industrije tako, da bo v prihodnje zagotavljal večjo ekonomsko učinkovitost.
The way people live will have to be altered and the connection between the improved standard of living and the increase in energy consumption will have to be broken.
Prilagoditi je potrebno tudi način življenja in prekiniti povezavo naraščanja življenjskega standarda z večjo porabo energije.
If Slovenia wants to meet the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol, it will be of key importance to stabilise the emissions of greenhouse gases from traffic.
Ključnega pomena za izpolnitev Kiotskega protokola bo stabilizacija emisij toplogrednih plinov iz prometa.
Owing to the long-term pollution of air, and consequently of soil, with substances (SO2, NOx) which cause acid rain, the forests have deteriorated in the major part of Slovenia and the biodiversity has been threatened.
Zaradi dolgoletnega onesnaževanja ozračja, posredno pa tudi tal s snovmi (SO2, NOx), ki povzročajo kisle padavine, je prišlo do propadanja gozdov v večjem delu Slovenije ter do ogrožanja biotske raznovrstnosti.
In recent years the consumption of ODSs has decreased substantially.
Poraba snovi, ki ogrožajo ozonski plašč (ODS) se je močno zmanjšala.
The use of CFCs in production has been abandoned but the consumption of HCFCs has increased between 1989 and 1996, reaching 16% of the permissible level in 1996.
Uporaba klorofluoroogljikovodikov (CFC) pri proizvodnji izdelkov se je opustila, poraba delno halogeniranih klorofluoroogljikovodikov (HCFC) pa je v obdobju 19891996 naraščala in je v letu 1996 obsegala 16% dopustne ravni porabe.
The current network for automatic air pollution measurements has not been adjusted to the changes in the source of air pollution (motor transport) and neither to the new legal regulations.
Sedanja avtomatska merilna mreža za onesnaženost zraka ni prilagojena spremenjeni vrsti onesnaženja zraka, posebno zaradi motornega prometa in ne tudi novim zakonskim predpisom.
Slovenia&apos;s long-term air protection strategy has not yet been developed.
Dolgoročne strategije za varstvo zraka Slovenija še nima.
It will have to respond to the question of air quality (locally and generally) in relation to the international quality standards (e.g. 18 15.1 million tonnes in 1996. imposed by WHO) and simultaneously provide for the development of the services, industry and other sectors.
Strategija bo morala odgovoriti na vprašanja, kako bo Slovenija zagotavljala kvaliteto zraka (lokalno in splošno) v okviru mednarodno priznanih standardov kakovosti (npr. Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija) in pri tem omogočati potreben razvoj v proizvodnem, storitvenem in drugih sektorjih.
Soil and forests.
Tla in gozd.
Arable land covers approximately 32% of Slovenia&apos;s territory and forests more than 50%.
Obdelovalna tla v Sloveniji predstavljajo približno 32% površine, gozd pa več kot 50% površine.
After the second World War, and primarily in the last 20 years, the fertile land and forests have been substantially damaged. The reasons for that lie in the intensive industrialisation and agricultural production combined with dense traffic and urbanisation.
Z intenzivno industrializacijo in kmetijsko proizvodnjo, pa tudi zaradi gostega prometa in poselitve, so plodna tla in gozdovi po drugi svetovni vojni, predvsem pa v zadnjih 20 letih, utrpeli veliko škode.
Owing to the ineffective legislation the land use of agricultural land is often changed.
Kmetijskim zemljiščem zaradi neučinkovite zakonodaje spreminjajo namembnost.
Decline in soil productivity is stepped up by the pollution of air and surface waters.
Slabšanje proizvodne sposobnosti tal pospešujejo onesnaženo ozračje in onesnažene površinske vode.
Intensive agriculture often causes excessive burdening of soil with nutrients (e.g. nitrates and, to a lesser degree, with phosphates) and plant protection agents (pesticides).
Pri intenzivnem kmetijstvu prihaja pogosto do preobremenjevanja tal s hranili (npr. z nitrati, deloma s fosfati) in rastlinskimi zaščitnimi sredstvi (pesticidi).
The use of heavy machinery contributes to the physical degradation of soil.
Neugodno vpliva tudi fizikalna degradacija tal zaradi uporabe težke mehanizacije.
Institutional framework to deal with such threats to the environment still has to be set up (supervisory service to monitor the quality and pollution of soil and agricultural products, consulting service for the wise use of fertilisers and pesticides, introduction of sustainable production methods, etc.).
Organizacijski ukrepi za te grožnje okolju še niso vzpostavljeni (nadzorna služba za spremljanje kvalitete oz. onesnaženosti tal in kmetijskih izdelkov, svetovalna služba za smotrno uporabo gnojil in pesticidov, uvajanje sonaravnih proizvodnih metod itd.).
Records of soil pollution are available only for some regions (Celje, Ljubljana, Dravsko polje, Krško polje, Koper, Jesenice).
Evidenca stanja onesnaženosti tal je samo fragmentarna (Celje, Ljubljana, Dravsko polje, Krško polje, Koper, Jesenice).
They will have to be completed and critical areas will have to be rehabilitated (especially groundwater areas and important production areas).
Potrebno bo dokončati pregled stanja onesnaženosti tal in za kritična mesta (predvsem na vodonosnih oz. proizvodno najpomembnejših področjih) izvršiti potrebno sanacijo.
The current forest monitoring network does not suffice for the monitoring of the areas with the significant level of tree damage.
Sedanja opazovalna mreža gozdov je preredka na območjih z večjo stopnjo poškodovanosti dreves.
Measures for promoting sustainable animal husbandry are not adequate (e.g. the practice of using waste within a farm or some other suitable method of waste management - this problem is rather serious in Slovenia, especially with regard to pig farms).
Za potrebami zaostajajo ukrepi pri spodbujanju sonaravne živinoreje (npr. uveljavljanje prakse porabe odpadkov v ekonomskem obsegu farme ali njihove druge ustrezne obdelave; ta problem je v Sloveniji precej pereč predvsem pri prašičjih farmah).
The use of sludge from wastewater treatment plants, silt from river beds and lakes and compost in agriculture is regulated by the Decree on the Input of Hazardous Substances and Plant Nutrients into the Soil.
Uporaba blata iz čistilnih naprav, kompostov in muljev iz rečnih strug in jezer v kmetijstvu je urejena s posebno uredbo o vnosu nevarnih snovi in rastlinskih snovi v tla (Uradni list RS, št.
Slovenian forests, particularly conifers (firs, spruces), have suffered extensive damage because of air pollution (mainly caused by SO2 and acidification).
Poškodovanost slovenskih gozdov zaradi onesnaženosti zraka (predvsem z SO2 in zakislinjevanje) je precejšnja, posebno iglavcev (jelka, smreka).
Natural accidents further increase the damage.
Tudi naravne nesreče ogrožajo gozd in škodo še povečujejo.
Forest fires pose a significant risk, especially in the karst region.
Zaznavno ogroženost predvsem na kraškem območju povzročajo gozdni požari.
The abundance of specific herbivorous animal species exceeds the natural capacity of forests.
Številčnost populacij nekaterih vrst rastlinojedih divjadi ni usklajena z naravno zmogljivostjo gozda.