natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Guidance explains each fundamental, outlines some potential challenges and dilemmas facing mediators and offers some guidance.
Vsako od načel je razloženo, predstavljeni so izzivi in dileme, na katere lahko naletijo mediatorji, ter ponujene mogoče usmeritve.
Throughout, the Guidance recognizes the complexity of the environment within which mediators work and that in many instances mediators confront problems and difficulties they may not be able to resolve.
Hkrati je v smernicah upoštevana kompleksnost okolja, v katerem delujejo mediatorji, in dejstvo, da se ti pogosto ubadajo s težavami in zagatami, ki jih ni mogoče vedno rešiti.
Each situation must be approached differently, and ultimately the political will of the conflict parties is the determining factor for success.
Vsak položaj zahteva drugačen pristop, odločilni dejavnik za uspeh pa je navsezadnje politična volja strani v sporu.
Nevertheless, careful attention to these fundamentals can increase the prospects for a successful process, minimize the potential for mediator error and help generate an environment more conducive to mediation.
Vseeno pa lahko dosledno upoštevanje načel poveča možnosti za uspeh postopka, zmanjša možnost napak mediatorja in pomaga pri ustvarjanju spodbudnega okolja za mediacijo.
Mediation logic
Logika mediacije
Mediation often exists alongside facilitation, good offices and dialogue efforts.
Mediacija pogosto poteka vzporedno s facilitacijo, dobrimi storitvami in dialogom.
Mediation, however, has its own logic and approach, aspects of which may be relevant to other approaches to the peaceful settlement of disputes.
Vendar pa ima svojo lastno logiko in pristop, katerih vidiki so lahko koristni tudi za druge načine mirnega reševanja sporov.
Mediation is a process whereby a third party assists two or more parties, with their consent, to prevent, manage or resolve a conflict by helping them to develop mutually acceptable agreements.
Mediacija je postopek, v katerem tretja oseba dvema ali več stranem z njihovim soglasjem pomaga preprečiti, obvladati ali rešiti konflikt tako, da dosežejo vzajemno sprejemljiv dogovor.
The premise of mediation is that in the right environment, conflict parties can improve their relationships and move towards cooperation.
Osnovno načelo mediacije je, da lahko sprte strani v pravem okolju izboljšajo svoje odnose in začnejo sodelovati.
Mediation outcomes can be limited in scope, dealing with a specific issue in order to contain or manage a conflict, or can tackle a broad range of issues in a comprehensive peace agreement.
Njeni dosežki so lahko omejeni na posamezno področje ali vprašanje, zato da se zajezi ali zgladi spor, ali pa urejajo širši obseg vprašanj v celovitem mirovnem sporazumu.
Mediation is a voluntary endeavour in which the consent of the parties is critical for a viable process and a durable outcome.
Mediacija je prostovoljna, pri tem pa je za uspešen postopek in trajno rešitev ključno soglasje strani v sporu.
The role of the mediator is influenced by the nature of the relationship with the parties:
Na vlogo mediatorjev vplivajo odnosi s stranmi v sporu:
mediators usually have significant room to make procedural proposals and to manage the process, whereas the scope for substantive proposals varies and can change over time.
običajno imajo dokaj proste roke pri pripravi postopkovnih predlogov in vodenju postopka, medtem ko je njihov domet pri vsebinskih predlogih lahko drugačen in se med postopkom spreminja.
Rather than being a series of ad hoc diplomatic engagements, mediation is a flexible but structured undertaking.
Mediacija ni zaporedje - ad hoc- diplomatskih potez, temveč prilagodljiv, a strukturiran proces.
It starts from the moment the mediator engages with the conflict parties and other stakeholders to prepare for a process - and can include informal &quot;talks-about- talks&quot; - and may extend beyond the signing of agreements, even though the function of facilitating the implementation of an agreement may best be performed by others.
Začne se v trenutku, ko mediator v dogovoru s sprtima stranema in drugimi udeleženci začne priprave na postopek, vključuje pa lahko tudi neformalne »pogovore o pogovorih« in lahko traja tudi po podpisu sporazuma, čeprav je bolje, da nalogo facilitacije izvajanja sporazuma opravi kdo drug.
An effective mediation process responds to the specificity of the conflict.
Učinkovit postopek mediacije se prilagaja značilnostim spora.
It takes into account the causes and dynamics of the conflict, the positions, interests and coherence of the parties, the needs of the broader society, as well as the regional and international environments.
Upošteva vzroke in dinamiko spora, stališča, interese in doslednost drže sprtih strani, potrebe širše družbe ter tudi regionalno in mednarodno okolje.
Mediation is a specialized activity.
Mediacija je specializirana dejavnost.
Through a professional approach, mediators and their teams provide a buffer for conflict parties and instil confidence in the process and a belief that a peaceful resolution is achievable.
Mediatorji in njihove ekipe strokovno delujejo kot blažilec med sprtima stranema ter vnesejo v postopek zaupanje in prepričanje, da je mirna rešitev mogoča.
A good mediator promotes exchange through listening and dialogue, engenders a spirit of collaboration through problem solving, ensures that negotiating parties have sufficient knowledge, information and skills to negotiate with confidence and broadens the process to include relevant stakeholders from different segments of a society.
Dober mediator spodbuja izmenjavo mnenj s poslušanjem in dialogom, z reševanjem problemov ustvarja duha sodelovanja, zagotavlja, da imajo pogajalske strani dovolj znanja, informacij in ustrezne veščine za samozavestno pogajanje, in vključi v postopek udeležence iz različnih družbenih skupin.
Mediators are most successful in assisting negotiating parties to forge agreements when they are well informed, patient, balanced in their approach and discreet.
Mediatorji so najuspešnejši pri doseganju sporazuma med pogajalskima stranema, kadar so dobro poučeni, potrpežljivi, uravnoteženi v svojem pristopu, objektivni in diskretni.
Effective mediation requires a supportive external environment; most conflicts have a strong regional and international dimension.
Učinkovita mediacija zahteva naklonjeno zunanje okolje, saj ima večina sporov izrazito regionalno in mednarodno razsežnost.
The actions of other States can help to reinforce a mediated solution or detract from it.
Dejanja drugih držav lahko pomagajo utrditi predlagano rešitev ali odvrnejo od nje.
A mediator needs to withstand external pressures and avoid unrealistic deadlines while also developing the support of partners for the mediation effort.
Mediator se mora upreti zunanjim pritiskom in izogniti nestvarnim rokom, obenem pa pridobiti podporo partnerjev.
In some circumstances the mediator&apos;s ability to harness incentives or disincentives offered by other actors can be helpful to encourage the parties&apos; commitment to a peace process.
V nekaterih okoliščinah lahko njegova sposobnost ustrezno izkoristiti spodbujevalne ali zaviralne dejavnike, ki izhajajo od drugih akterjev, pomaga spodbuditi strani v sporu k zavezanosti mirovnemu procesu.
By its very existence, a mediation process has an impact on the balance of power and political calculations within and between different groups.
Postopek mediacije že sam po sebi vpliva na razmerja moči in političnega preračunavanja v različnih skupinah in med njimi.
Mediators and the international community, as support actors, need to be sensitive to both the positive and the potentially negative impacts of a mediation process.
Mediatorji in mednarodna skupnost morajo kot podporni akterji razumeti in biti dovzetni za dobre in morebitne slabe posledice postopka.
Mediators need to retain the option either to put their involvement on hold or to withdraw.
Mediatorji si morajo zagotoviti možnost, da se začasno ali dokončno umaknejo iz postopka.
This may be appropriate if they consider that the parties are pursuing talks in bad faith, if the evolving solution is at odds with international legal obligations, or if other actors are manipulating the process and limiting the mediator&apos;s room for manoeuvre.
To je lahko primerna poteza, če presodijo, da strani v sporu v postopku mediacije sodelujejo v slabi veri, če je predlagana rešitev v nasprotju z mednarodnimi pravnimi obveznostmi ali če se drugi akterji vmešavajo v postopek in omejujejo manevrski prostor mediatorjev.
However, this is a sensitive political decision, which needs to weigh the risks of withdrawing against the value of keeping the parties at the table in a faltering process while exploring alternative means for the peaceful settlement of disputes.
Vendar pa je to občutljiva politična odločitev, pri kateri je treba pretehtati tveganje umika na eni strani, na drugi pa zadržanje strani v sporu za pogajalsko mizo, četudi v negotovem procesu, dokler se ne najde drug način mirnega reševanja spora.
Not all conflicts are amenable to mediation.
Vseh sporov ni mogoče poravnati z mediacijo.
There are some indicators that suggest the potential for effective mediation.
Z nekaj kazalniki lahko ocenimo možnost uspeha mediacije.
First and most importantly, the main conflict parties must be open to trying to negotiate a settlement; second, a mediator must be accepted, credible and well supported; and third, there must be general consensus at the regional and international levels to support the process.
Prvi in najpomembnejši kazalnik je, da morajo biti glavne strani v sporu pripravljene na pogajanja in dogovor; drugi je, da mora biti mediator sprejemljiv, verodostojen in imeti široko podporo; tretji pa, da mora na regionalni in mednarodni ravni obstajati splošno soglasje glede podpore postopku.
When an effective mediation process is hampered, other efforts may be required to contain the conflict or to mitigate the human suffering, but there should be constant efforts to remain engaged so as to identify and seize possible windows of opportunity for mediation in the future.
Kadar je postopek učinkovite mediacije oviran, so morda potrebna drugačna sredstva za zajezitev spora ali zmanjšanje človeškega trpljenja, vendar pa je potrebno nenehno sodelovanje vseh, vključenih v proces, da se lahko prepoznajo in izkoristijo morebitne priložnosti za mediacijo v prihodnosti.
Mediation fundamentals
Temeljna načela mediacije
The section below outlines key mediation fundamentals that require consideration for an effective process.
To poglavje opisuje temeljna načela mediacije, ki jih je treba upoštevati, da bo postopek učinkovit.
Responsible and credible mediation efforts require good preparation.
Odgovorna in verodostojna mediacija zahteva dobro pripravo.
Preparedness combines the individual knowledge and skills of a mediator with a cohesive team of specialists as well as the necessary political, financial and administrative support from the mediating entity.
Pripravljenost je kombinacija znanja in veščin mediatorja, povezanosti in usklajenosti njegove skupine izvedencev ter ustrezne politične, finančne in administrativne podpore mediatorskega subjekta.
While not predetermining the outcome, preparedness entails the development of strategies for different phases (such as pre-negotiations, negotiations and implementation), based on comprehensive conflict analysis and stakeholder mapping, including examination of previous mediation initiatives.
Brez določanja dosežka vnaprej je treba za dobro pripravljenost razviti strategije za različne faze postopka (pred pogajanji, pogajanja in izvajanje), ki temeljijo na obsežni analizi konflikta in seznama ter značilnosti udeležencev, pri čemer se preučijo tudi predhodne pobude za mediacijo.
Since a mediation process is never linear and not all elements can be fully controlled, strategies need to be flexible to respond to the changing context.
Ker postopek mediacije ni nikoli premočrten in ker vseh elementov ni mogoče popolnoma nadzorovati, morajo biti strategije prilagodljive, da se lahko ustrezno prilagajajo spreminjajočim se okoliščinam.
Preparedness allows the mediator to guide and monitor the mediation process, help strengthen (where necessary) the negotiating capacity of the conflict parties and other stakeholders, assist them in reaching agreements, and galvanize support (including among international actors) for implementation.
Pripravljenost mediatorju omogoča, da vodi in nadzoruje postopek mediacije, da po potrebi pomaga okrepiti pogajalske sposobnosti strani v sporu in drugih udeležencev, da jim pomaga pri doseganju sporazuma in da pridobi podporo (tudi mednarodnih akterjev) za izvajanje.
A well-prepared and supported mediator is able to manage expectations, maintain a sense of urgency while avoiding quick-fix solutions, and effectively respond to opportunities and challenges in the overall process.
Mediator, ki je dobro pripravljen in uživa ustrezno podporo, je sposoben obvladovati pričakovanja, ohranjati občutek nujnosti ob istočasnem izogibanju prenagljenim rešitvam ter se učinkovito odzivati na priložnosti in izzive v postopku.
Preparedness is first and foremost the responsibility of States or organizations seeking to play a mediating role.
Za pripravljenost morajo poskrbeti predvsem države ali organizacije, ki si prizadevajo pridobiti vlogo mediatorja.
These entities should be ready to:
Ti subjekti morajo biti pripravljeni:
Commit resources to respond rapidly and to sustain support for the mediation process, including deployment of personnel on a continuous basis for medium- and long- term engagements.
nameniti sredstva za hiter odziv in vzdrževanje podpore mediaciji, vključno z napotitvijo osebja na srednje- in dolgoročne naloge;
Select a competent mediator with the experience, skills, knowledge and cultural sensitivity for the specific conflict situation.
izbrati primernega mediatorja z izkušnjami, veščinami, znanjem in občutkom za kulturne posebnosti v posameznih konfliktnih razmerah.
The mediator should be considered objective, impartial and authoritative and be a person of integrity.
Biti mora objektiven, nepristranski, odločen in imeti integriteto.
The mediator needs a level of seniority and gravitas commensurate to the conflict context and must be acceptable to the parties.
Imeti mora ustrezen položaj in ugled, primerna okviru spora, ter biti sprejemljiv za vse strani v sporu.
Some disputes require discreet engagement, whereas others need more high-profile initiatives.
Nekateri spori zahtevajo diskretnejšo obravnavo, drugi pa vidnejše pobude;
Undertake conflict analysis and regular internal assessments of the process in order to make adjustments to the mediation strategies as needed.
izvesti analizo spora in opraviti redne notranje ocene postopka za prilagoditev mediacijskih strategij, kadar je to potrebno;
Provide proper preparation, induction and training for mediators and their teams.
zagotoviti ustrezno pripravo, uvajanje in usposabljanje mediatorjev in njihovih strokovnih skupin.
All team members should understand the gender dimension in their respective areas of expertise.
Vsi člani skupine se morajo zavedati vidika enakosti spolov na svojem strokovnem področju;
Include a balance of men and women on mediation teams.
zagotoviti enakopravno zastopanost moških in žensk v mediatorskih skupinah.
This also sends a positive signal to the parties with regard to the composition of their delegations.
To je istočasno spodbudno sporočilo stranem v sporu glede sestave njihovih delegacij.
Mediation is a voluntary process that requires the consent of the conflict parties to be effective.
Mediacija je prostovoljni postopek, katerega učinkovitost je odvisna od privolitve strani v sporu.
Without consent it is unlikely that parties will negotiate in good faith or be committed to the mediation process.
Brez soglasja je malo verjetno, da se bodo strani pogajale v dobri veri ali da bodo predane postopku mediacije.
A range of issues can affect whether conflict parties consent to mediation.
Na njihovo privolitev v mediacijo lahko vplivajo številni dejavniki.
The integrity of the mediation process, security and confidentiality are important elements in cultivating the consent of the parties, along with the acceptability of the mediator and the mediating entity.
Pri doseganju soglasja sprtih strani so pomembne integriteta postopka mediacije, zanesljivost in zaupnost, skupaj s sprejemljivostjo mediatorja in organizacije oz. subjekta, ki ima vlogo mediatorja.
However, the dynamics of the conflict are a determining factor, and whether parties consent to mediation may be shaped by an interest to achieve political goals through military means, by political, ideological or psychological considerations, or by the actions of external players.
Toda odločilni dejavnik je dinamika spora, na pridobitev soglasja za mediacijo pa lahko vplivajo tudi interes za uresničevanje političnih ciljev z vojaškimi sredstvi, politični, ideološki in psihološki dejavniki ali dejanja zunanjih akterjev.
In some instances, parties may also reject mediation initiatives because they do not understand mediation and perceive it as a threat to sovereignty or outside interference.
V nekaterih primerih se lahko zgodi, da strani v sporu zavrnejo pobudo za mediacijo, ker je ne razumejo in jo dojemajo kot nevarnost za suverenost ali kot zunanje vmešavanje.
In a multi-actor conflict, some, but not all, conflict parties may agree to the mediation, leaving a mediator with the difficult situation of partial consent to commence a mediation process.
V sporu z več akterji se lahko zgodi, da se le nekatere strani strinjajo z mediacijo, tako da se lahko mediator znajde v zagati, ker obstaja le delno soglasje za začetek postopka mediacije.
Moreover, even where consent is given, it may not always translate into full commitment to the mediation process.
Zavedati pa se je treba, da soglasje ne pomeni nujno popolne zavezanosti mediaciji.
Consent may sometimes be given incrementally, limited at first to the discussion of specific issues before accepting a more comprehensive mediation process.
Doseganje soglasja je lahko tudi postopno - v začetku omejeno na pogovore o posameznih vprašanjih, v poznejši fazi pa sodelujoča stran privoli v bolj vsestransko mediacijo.
Consent may be conveyed explicitly or more informally (through back channels).
Soglasje je lahko dano izrecno ali neformalno (po neuradni poti).
Tentative expressions of consent may become more explicit as confidence in the process increases.
Načelno soglašanje lahko postane bolj izrecno, ko se zaupanje v postopek poveča.
Once given, consent may later be withdrawn, especially when there are differences within a party.
Tudi če je soglasje že dano, se lahko pozneje umakne, zlasti ob morebitnih notranjih nesoglasjih pri eni strani v sporu.
Armed or political groups may splinter, creating new pressures on the negotiations process.
Oborožene ali politične skupine se namreč lahko razdelijo, kar ustvari nove pritiske na pogajalski postopek.
Some splinter groups may pull out of the mediation all together and seek to derail the process.
Nekatere odcepljene skupine lahko popolnoma prenehajo sodelovati v mediaciji in jo poskušajo onemogočiti.
Mediators need to create a common understanding with the conflict parties on the mediator&apos;s role and the ground rules of the mediation.
Mediatorji morajo s stranmi v sporu doseči dogovor o svojih nalogah in osnovnih pravilih mediacije.
This understanding may be affected by formal mandates for the potential mediation effort or by informal arrangements with the parties.
Na ta dogovor lahko vplivajo uradni mandat za morebitno mediacijo ali neformalni dogovori s stranmi v sporu.
Based on this, mediators need to:
Na podlagi tega morajo mediatorji:
Understand whose consent is necessary for a viable mediation process to start.
vedeti, čigavo soglasje je potrebno za začetek uspešnega postopka mediacije.
If only some of the conflict parties have agreed to the mediation, the mediator may need to engage with the consenting parties and gradually expand the consent base.
Če se z njo strinja zgolj nekaj sprtih strani, mora mediator najprej sodelovati z njimi in počasi doseči še privolitev preostalih.
Such a judgement of &quot;sufficient consent&quot; should be based on an analysis of the different constituencies and an assessment of the possible impact of an initially limited mediation process, as well as the potential for excluded parties to derail the process.
Pri presojanju, ali je soglasje zadostno, mora upoštevati analizo vpletenih skupin, oceno morebitnih posledic sprva omejenega postopka mediacije in tudi možnost, da bi se skupine v okviru ene strani odcepile in ovirale postopek;
Cultivate consent, in order to create the space for, and a good understanding of, mediation.
krepiti soglasje, zato da se ustvari prostor za mediacijo in zagotovi razumevanje, kaj mediacija je.
Informal contacts allow parties to test the waters without committing to a fully fledged mediation process; this can help address possible fears or insecurities.
Z neformalnimi stiki lahko strani v sporu dobijo predstavo o postopku, ne da bi se takoj zavezale k mediaciji; to lahko pomaga premagati morebitne strahove in negotovost;
Engage with local and community-based actors or organizations, including women&apos;s groups, as well as external actors with access to and relationships with conflict parties to encourage the use of mediation.
sodelovati z akterji in organizacijami na lokalni ravni, med drugim ženskimi združenji, pa tudi z zunanjimi akterji, ki imajo dostop do sprtih strani in stike z njimi, zato da pomagajo pri spodbujanju k uporabi mediacije;
Use confidence-building measures at different stages to build trust between the conflict parties and between the mediator and the parties, as well as confidence in the mediation process.
v različnih fazah uporabiti ukrepe za vzpostavitev in krepitev zaupanja med sprtimi stranmi, med njimi in mediatorjem, pa tudi zaupanja v sam postopek mediacije;
Be consistent, transparent and even-handed in managing the mediation process, and respect confidentiality.
biti dosledni, odkriti in nepristranski pri vodenju postopka mediacije ter spoštovati zaupnost;
Periodically assess whether the process has sufficient consent and be prepared for fluxes in consent throughout the mediation, working to bring the conflict parties back into the process and drawing on the influence of their backers or other third parties as appropriate.
redno presojati, ali se sprte strani s postopkom strinjajo, in biti pripravljeni na nihanja v soglasju med samo mediacijo, si prizadevati, da se sprte strani vrnejo k postopku, ter po potrebi izkoristiti vpliv podpornikov in tretjih strani.
Impartiality is a cornerstone of mediation - if a mediation process is perceived to be biased, this can undermine meaningful progress to resolve the conflict.
Nepristranskost je glavni temelj mediacije - če je postopek mediacije viden kot pristranski, to lahko ogrozi napredek pri reševanju spora.
A mediator should be able to run a balanced process that treats all actors fairly and should not have a material interest in the outcome.
Mediator mora biti sposoben voditi uravnotežen postopek, ki vse akterje obravnava pravično, in si ne sme prizadevati za neki izid iz materialnih vzgibov.
This also requires that the mediator is able to talk with all actors relevant to resolving the conflict.
To prav tako pomeni, da mora biti zmožen komunicirati z vsemi akterji, ki so pomembni za rešitev spora.
Impartiality is not synonymous with neutrality, as a mediator, especially a United Nations mediator, is typically mandated to uphold certain universal principles and values and may need to make them explicitly known to the parties.
Nepristranskost ne pomeni nevtralnosti, saj mora mediator, še zlasti mediator Organizacije združenih narodov, upoštevati nekatera splošno veljavna načela in vrednote ter jih po potrebi pojasniti sprtim stranem.
To address the issue of impartiality, mediators should:
Da mediatorji uveljavijo nepristranskost, morajo: