natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Ownership transformation and struggle for profit have significantly influenced the motives and objectives of decision-makers.
Sprememba lastništva ter podreditev odločanja dobičku sta bistveno spremenili motive in cilje odločanja.
The attitude of the new owners towards the environment can not be predicted at the moment, but considering the situation in developed countries it is reasonable to expect that the role of the government, as the body responsible for the introduction of mechanisms for preventing profit-making at the expense of the environment, will have to be strengthened, at least in the initial phase.
V tem trenutku še ni mogoče predvideti odnosa novih lastnikov do okolja, po analogiji z razvitimi državami pa je mogoče pričakovati, da se mora, vsaj v prvi fazi, okrepiti vloga države, predvsem kot nosilca uvajanja mehanizmov preprečevanja večanja dobička na račun okolja.
International comparisons show that Slovenia is currently less developed than EU Member States. Nevertheless, the economic conditions in Slovenia are, like in the Czech Republic, the most favourable of those in Central and East European countries.
Po mednarodnih primerjavah je Slovenija danes med manj razvitimi državami EU, vendar pa ima skupaj s Češko med državami srednje in vzhodne Evrope najugodnejše gospodarske razmere.
The gap between Slovenia and EU Member States is most evident with regard to purchasing capacity (GDP per capita): in 1991 Slovenia was thirty years behind Italy, nineteen behind Spain, thirteen behind Ireland, six behind Portugal and one ahead of Greece.
Zaostajanje za državami EU je največje v kupni moči BDP na prebivalca, kar z ozirom na leto 1991 pomeni 30-letno zaostajanje za Italijo, 19 let za Španijo, 13 za Irsko, 6 za Portugalsko in leto prednosti pred Grčijo.
Slovenia has decided to join the EU, where the environmental protection is indispensable for ensuring the free movement of people, goods, services and capital.
Slovenija se je odločila povezati z EU, kjer je varstvo okolja neločljiva sestavina zagotavljanja nemotenega pretoka ljudi, blaga, storitev in kapitala.
Living in the changed economic and political conditions calls for a prompt analysis of consequences and for the adoption of appropriate measures, due to:
Življenje v spremenjenem ekonomskem in političnem okviru zahteva pravočasno analizo posledic in sprejema ustreznih ukrepov zaradi:
the reorientation towards demanding Western markets;
preusmeritve na zahtevna zahodna tržišča,
the emergence of a large number of small and medium-sized private companies;
nastajanja velikega števila malih in srednjih podjetij v zasebni lasti,
the admittance of foreign investors and strategic partners;
vstopa tujih investitorjev in strateških partnerjev,
the swift internationalisation and computerisation of business operations as one of the basic conditions for inclusion in the international division of labour and economic integration agreements, etc.
hitre internacionalizacije in informatizacije poslovanja kot osnovnega pogoja za vključitev v mednarodno delitev dela in ekonomske integracije idr.
Expectations regarding changes in the environment are high, given that a wish of the vast majority of Slovenian citizens is to live in a healthy and pleasant environment.
Pričakovanja glede sprememb v okolju so velika, saj si večina državljanov Slovenije želi živeti v zdravem in prijetnem okolju.
The nature of disparities accumulated over decades does not allow fast solutions.
Narava obvladovanja nesorazmerij, ki so se kopičila desetletja, ne dopušča hitrega reševanja problemov.
The countries with far better material and organisational conditions had needed decades for a significant progress in solving environmental problems.
Pri tem je treba omeniti izkušnje držav, ki so v bistveno boljših materialnih in organizacijskih razmerah za reševanje problemov okolja, potrebovale desetletja za pomembne premike.
The NEAP has not been drawn up as a collection of desires which, when adopted, would be satisfactory to everyone but would subsequently be impossible to realise and would therefore become a source of distrust.
Ta dokument ni pisan kot zbirka želja, ki bi bil ob sprejemanju morda zadovoljiv za vse, kasneje pa bi ga ne mogli izpeljati v praksi in bi postal vzrok poglabljanja spirale nezaupanja.
It is not a reproduction of the objectives and tasks listed in the Agenda 21, the Fifth EC Environmental Action Programme - Towards Sustainability9, the Environmental Protection Act and the development programmes already adopted for certain sectors; the document focuses on the operationalisation of these tasks and objectives.
Tudi zaradi tega v njem ni ritualnega ponavljanja ciljev in nalog iz Agende 21, evropskega programa varstva okolja Toward Sustainability(4), Zakona o varstvu okolja (Uradni list RS, št. 32/93 in 1/96) ter že sprejetih razvojnih programov posameznih sektorjev idr., ampak je težišče na njihovi operacionalizaciji.
It has been established during the preparation of the programme that merely repeating known definitions, without adopting appropriate measures, will not contribute to fast problem solving.
Takšna odločitev je že v pripravi dokumenta povzročila vrsto zahtevnih razčiščevanj, da samo ponavljanje znanih opredelitev, brez podpore ustreznih ukrepov, ne prispeva k hitrejšemu reševanju problemov.
1.2 Concepts and Objectives
1.2 Konceptualna izhodišča in cilji
Environmental protection problems are very complex. They should be studied in an interdisciplinary manner and solved through the co-ordinated and active participation of numerous factors.
Problematika varstva okolja je po svoji naravi kompleksna, njeno proučevanje interdisciplinarno in njeno reševanje povezano z usklajeno in aktivno udeležbo različnih in številnih dejavnikov.
Environmental problems may be addressed by taking into account various components, the environment itself, economic development, the development of science and technology, and others.
K problemom okolja je mogoče pristopiti z vidika okolja v ožjem smislu, gospodarskega razvoja, razvoja znanosti in tehnike idr.
Due to the complexity of problems, all national programmes (including this one) are more or less incomplete. They fail to answer many questions, leaving them to be addressed by the next-generation NEAP.
Vsak nacionalni program (tudi ta) je zaradi kompleksnosti problematike bolj ali manj necelovit, na mnogo vprašanj ne odgovarja ter jih prepušča v vključevanje v NPVO naslednje generacije.
The NEAP focuses on solving the most pressing environmental problems and is merely the first step in the long-term management of relations between nature and society.
NPVO je osredotočen na razreševanje najpomembnejših problemov v okolju in je samo prvi korak k dolgoročnemu obvladovanju problematike razmerij med naravo in družbo.
The NEAP should not be assessed by its integrity and its commitment to sustainable development, but rather by:
Merilo, po katerem je potrebno presojati ta dokument, ni njegova celovitost in deklarativno zavzemanje za trajnostni razvoj, ampak:
a) the selection of key environmental problems based on scientific knowledge; b) the effectiveness of the problem-solving mechanisms; c) the achieved changes in production and consumption patterns in accordance with the principles of sustainability.
a) strokovno utemeljen izbor ključnih problemov okolja, b) uspešnost in učinkovitost mehanizmov njihovega razreševanja ter c) dosežen preustroj proizvodnje in porabe po načelih trajnosti.
The purpose of the NEAP is not to resolve various conceptual and methodological dilemmas. It is necessary to clearly define the subject of the programme, therefore the NEAP is focused merely on those environmental problems which are generated by man and his activities.
Brez želje, da bi NPVO razrešil številne konceptualne in metodološke dileme, je, zaradi nujnosti nedvoumno opredeljenega predmeta obvladovanja, ta dokument osredotočen samo na tisti vidik problemov v okolju, ki jih povzroča človek s svojim poseganjem.
It does not discuss problems resulting from natural processes as such (floods, landslides, etc.), unless these have environmental consequences which can be dealt with promptly.
NPVO torej ne obravnava problemov zaradi posledic naravnih procesov kot takšnih (poplave, plazenja ipd.), razen, če to nima okoljskih posledic, na katere se je mogoče pravočasno odzvati.
Modern environmental protection practice has developed in two directions:
Sodobna praksa varstva okolja se je razvijala v dveh smereh:
In the early 70s the highly developed industrial countries of the “Western” type were faced with the limits of economic growth and the disastrous consequences of pollution.
Visoko razvite industrijske države “zahodnega” tipa so se v začetku sedemdesetih let odzvale na soočenje z mejami rasti gospodarstva in katastrofalnimi posledicami onesnaženja okolja.
They started to respond and their first measures were focused on direct control.
V prvih korakih so prevladovali inštrumenti neposrednega nadzora.
Governments assumed the role of a guardian, while the industry had no choice but to fulfil the requirements.
Državi je pripadla vloga varuha, industriji pa je bilo prepuščena zgolj vloga izpolnjevanja zahtev.
The direct regulatory function of governments has been gradually replaced with the more effective indirect mechanisms, based mostly on the market strength.
V kasnejšem razvoju se je neposredna regulativna funkcija države postopoma umikala učinkovitejšim posrednim mehanizmom, ki temeljijo predvsem na moči trga.
Moreover, the nature of environmental problems is changing.
Spreminja se tudi narava okoljskih problemov.
If local problems were dominant in the beginning, inter-regional and even global problems are at the fore today 10. Traditional pollution problems are being superseded more and more by the problems of nature as a whole (conservation of biodiversity, etc.).
Če so na začetku prevladovali lokalni problemi, so danes v ospredju medregionalni ali celo globalni problemi(5). Klasične probleme onesnaževanja, ki so prevladovali na začetku, vedno bolj izpodrivajo problemi narave v širšem smislu (skrb za ohranjanje biotske raznovrstnosti ipd.).
The “Eastern” type countries, where the state or collective ownership predominated, were characterised by unfeasible goals and unenforceable, although very strict, regulations (e.g. the Soviet Union).
Za države “vzhodnega tipa” s prevladujočo državno oziroma družbeno lastnino so bili značilni objektivno nedosegljivi cilji in zato neizvedljivi podzakonski predpisi (npr. Sovjetska Zveza), ki so bili sicer najostrejši na svetu.
The type and structure of production and consumption have never been considered a problem. In changing the production and consumption patterns the environmental issues have not been taken into account.
Problem vrste in sestave proizvodnje in porabe pa ni bil nikdar problematiziran in spremenjen zaradi okoljskih dilem.
It is not possible to draft a simplified scheme for the direct transfer of modern and more effective concepts for designing national programmes to Slovenian practice, despite the potential political attractiveness of apparently ideal solutions. Such solutions could not be realised as they were designed under incomparable conditions.
Poenostavljena shema neposrednega prenosa izkušenj sodobnejših in učinkovitejših konceptov oblikovanja nacionalnih programov v slovensko prakso, zaradi bistveno drugačnih okoliščin ni mogoča, kljub morebitni politični atraktivnosti lepo berljivih rešitev, ki jih kasneje ne bi mogli izvesti, saj so nastale v neprimerljivih razmerah.
The fundamental objectives of the NEAP are to guarantee a better living environment in Slovenia and to establish the environment as a limiting but stimulating factor of development.
Osnovni cilj NPVO je boljše okolje za življenje v Sloveniji ter uveljavitev okolja kot omejitvenega in spodbujevalnega dejavnika razvoja.
In accordance with these objectives, the NEAP comprises a harmonised set of environmental protection instruments, which is with regard to the present level of degradation of the environment focused on the elimination of the most pressing problems.
V skladu s tem ciljem NPVO vsebuje skladen niz inštrumentov varstva okolja, usmerjen na sedanji stopnji degradacije okolja predvsem v odpravo najpomembnejših problemov.
The aim of the NEAP is to contribute to the strengthening of those institutions whose primary concern is to ensure an appropriate level of environmental protection and thus enforce the principles of sustainable development in the transition to a modern state.
NPVO želi prispevati h krepitvi inštitucij, katerih prednostna skrb je zagotoviti ustrezno raven varstva okolja in na ta način uveljaviti načela trajnostnega razvoja v prehodu v državo sodobnega tipa.
The NEAP is the basic programme document concerning environmental protection in Slovenia, oriented towards the following objectives:
NPVO je osnovni programski dokument varstva okolja v Republiki Sloveniji, ki je usmerjen v zagotavljanje naslednjih ciljev v:
to manage environmental problems and to ensure that priority is given to the most important ones.
obvladovanje problemov okolja v državi in v celotnem kompleksu okoljske problematike zagotavljanje prednostnega reševanja najpomembnejših problemov.
Special attention is given to Slovenia&apos;s accession to the EU and, in relation to this, to its specific problems (expected increase in transit traffic, depopulation of large areas, etc.) and to the protection of its special features (the karst region, biological and landscape diversity, etc.);
Posebna skrb je namenjena podpori vključevanja v EU ter deloma tudi v tem kontekstu varstvu specifičnih potez in problemov države (kras, krajinska in biotska raznovrstnost, pričakovano povečanje prometa preko države, demografsko praznjenje obsežnih območij idr.),
to carry out institutional strengthening of administration and local self-government, which is a basic condition for effective environmental protection, and to ensure organisational and economic basis for gradual enforcement of sustainable development;
inštitucionalno krepitev uprave in lokalne samouprave kot temeljnega pogoja učinkovitega varstva okolja v državi in s tem zagotovitev organizacijske in ekonomske predpostavke kot podlage za postopno uveljavljanje trajnostnega razvoja,
to enforce all environmental protection principles laid down in the Environmental Protection Act;
uveljavljanje vseh v ZVO opredeljenih načel varstva okolja,
to enforce economic instruments and ensure financial resources for environmental protection programmes;
uveljavljanje ekonomskih inštrumentov in zagotavljanje virov sredstev za financiranje programov varstva okolja,
to integrate environmental considerations and the principles of sustainable development into the programmes of particular sectors;
vključitev okoljske vsebine in načel trajnostnega razvoja v programe posameznih sektorjev,
to direct domestic and foreign funds to the regions of priority interest in order to ensure the maximum level of cost-effectiveness.
usmeritev domačih in tujih finančnih virov na območja prednostnega interesa za zagotovitev čim boljših učinkov glede na vložena sredstva.
Environmental protection and health protection are closely related.
Varstvo okolja je tudi varovanje zdravja.
The framework of environmental and health-care policy was established at the First European Ministerial Conference on the Environment and Health, held in Frankfurt in 1989, and at the Second European Ministerial Conference on the Environment and Health, held in Helsinki in June 1994.
Širši okviri politike na področju okolja in zdravja so bili določeni na prvi evropski ministrski konferenci o okolju in zdravju, ki je bila 1989 v Frankfurtu in na drugi evropski ministrski konferenci o okolju in zdravju, ki je bila junija 1994 v Helsinkih.
The two important documents binding both, the health and the environmental sector are the European Charter on Health and Environment (Frankfurt, 1989) and the Helsinki Declaration on Action for Environment and Health in Europe (Helsinki, 1994).
Pomembna dokumenta, ki zavezujeta tako zdravstveni kot okoljski sektor, sta Evropska listina o okolju in zdravju (Frankfurt, 1989) in Helsinška deklaracija o ukrepih na področju okolja in zdravja v Evropi (Helsinki, 1994).
At the Second Conference on the Environment and Health in Helsinki, the Ministers agreed that each Member State would produce a National Environmental Health Action Plan.
Na drugi konferenci o okolju in zdravju v Helsinkih so sklenili, da vse države pripravijo nacionalne programe o okolju in zdravju.
Such plans should establish a link between the environmental and health sectors, which would result in a co-ordinated implementation of measures for improving the environment and health at the national and local levels.
Ti programi naj bi povezali zdravstveni in okoljski sektor, rezultat pa naj bi bil usklajeno delovanje oziroma izvajanje ukrepov za izboljšanje okolja in posledično zdravja na nacionalni in lokalni ravni.
The European health policy is defined in the Targets for Health For All 2000 (comprising 38 objectives).
Evropska zdravstvena politika je začrtana v ciljih Zdravje za vse do leta 2000 in obsega 38 ciljev.
In the Targets the improvement of health, the strategy for achieving a healthy lifestyle and the improvement of the environment are included.
Politika vključuje izboljšanje zdravja in strategijo za dosego zastavljenih ciljev za bolj zdrav način življenja, skupaj z izboljšavami okolja.
Seven objectives are related to the environmental factors which affect the health of people. These objectives are defined in the Health Care Plan of the Republic of Slovenia for the Period Until 2000, drawn up by the Ministry of Health.
Temu je namenjenih 7 ciljev v zvezi s problematiko dejavnikov okolja, ki vplivajo na zdravje in so opredeljeni tudi v Planu zdravstvenega varstva Republike Slovenije do leta 2000, ki ga je pripravilo Ministrstvo za zdravstvo.
Approximation to the EU Challenge and Opportunity
Približevanje EU izziv in priložnost
It is evident from the Strategy for Economic development of Slovenia that the approximation to the EU is the right choice for Slovenia. But if we are to prevent possible detrimental effects on the environment in time and maximise the benefits arising from the approximation process, a thorough preparation is necessary.
Iz Strategije gospodarskega razvoja nedvoumno izhaja, da je približevanje EU za Slovenijo edina perspektivna možnost, ki seveda zahteva temeljito pripravo za pravočasno preprečitev morebitnih negativnih učinkov na okolje in za maksimaliziranje koristi, ki jih pridruževanje ponuja.
With regard to the possible positive and negative effects of the approximation process, the following should be emphasised:
Med možnimi pozitivnimi in negativnimi učinki pridruževanja EU kaže poudariti naslednje:
Slovenia has to adapt its environmental protection system to meet EU requirements11; transitional periods and additional funds will have to be ensured during the negotiations for those requirements which Slovenia, for various reasons, will not be able to fulfil by the time it becomes a member of the EU.
Slovenija mora svoj sistem varovanja okolja prilagoditi EU(6), pri čemer je potrebno v pogajanjih pridobiti dodatni čas ali vire za tiste ukrepe, ki jih iz različnih razlogov ne bomo mogli izpolniti do pridobitve statusa polnopravnega člana.
The adoption of the system of environmental instruments established in the EU is not only an obligation but also an important opportunity to solve the problems of setting up the environmental protection system with greater speed.
Prevzemanje sistema okoljevarstvenih inštrumentov, ki so uveljavljeni v EU, ni samo obveza, ampak tudi pomembna priložnost za hitrejše reševanje problemov pri konkretnem vzpostavljanju sistema varstva okolja.
The alignment with EU environmental policy is an opportunity to introduce changes to the production and consumption patterns. Additional mechanisms will have to be established to prevent the undiscriminating transfer of environmentally-harmful technologies to Slovenia and to ensure the appropriate protection of Slovenia as an exceptionally sensitive area (biodiversity, the karst region, size, sensitivity to transboundary effects /sea, air/, settlements).
Prilagajanje okoljske politike EU je priložnost za uveljavitev sprememb v vzorcu proizvodnje in dobrin, pri čemer bo potrebno vgraditi dodatne mehanizme, da v Sloveniji ne bomo dovolili nekritičnega prenosa okolju škodljivih tehnologij in da bomo zagotovili ustrezno varstvo izjemno občutljivega prostora (biotska raznovrstnost, kras, velikost/majhnost, občutljivost za vplive izven državnih meja /morje, zrak/, poselitev).
The conservation of biodiversity is Slovenia&apos;s comparative advantage in the process of integration into the EU, especially in the promotion of sustainable development in rural areas.
Ohranjanje biotske raznovrstnosti predstavlja primerjalno prednost Slovenije pri vključevanju v EU, zlasti pri pospeševanju in vzpodbujanju trajnostnega razvoja na podeželju.
The expected negative effects of Slovenia&apos;s approximation to the EU (e.g. increased transit, changes in the habits of producers and consumers) will have to be controlled.
Obvladati bo treba pričakovane dodatne negativne vplive zaradi približevanja EU (npr. povečan tranzit, spremembe v navadah potrošnikov in proizvajalcev).
The introduction of complementary environmental protection mechanisms will be needed.
EU pomeni uvajanje tudi komplementarnih mehanizmov varstva okolja.
Traditional methods of supervision will be progressively supplemented by modern mechanisms, based on the market strength (introduction of process and production standards), consistent prevention, and the enforcement of the principles of wide co-operation and shared responsibility.
Tradicionalne metode nadzora se bodo vedno bolj dopolnjevale s sodobnejšimi mehanizmi, ki temeljijo na moči trga (uvajanje procesnih in proizvodnih standardov), dosledni preventivi ter uveljavljanju načela čim širšega sodelovanja ter deljene odgovornosti.
Approximation to the EU calls for the strengthening of Slovenia&apos;s currently weak institutions.
Približevanje EU zahteva krepitev naše trenutne inštitucionalne šibkosti.
The process of accession to the EU gives us an opportunity to facilitate effective implementation of a modern (sustainable) environmental policy.
Proces pristopa/vključevanja Slovenije v EU je potrebno izkoristiti kot spodbudo za učinkovito uresničevanje sodobne (trajnostne oz. sonaravne) okoljske politike.
The decision to become a member of the EU and the fact that it has been invited to negotiate with the first group of candidate countries enable Slovenia to include among its short-term environmental objectives those objectives which would have been achieved later if only the national environmental protection requirements had been considered.
Zaradi opredelitve Slovenije, da postane polnopravna članica EU ter dejstva, da je povabljena k pogajanjem v prvi skupini držav, so lahko kratkoročni okoljevarstveni cilji tudi tisti, ki bi jih, glede na ozko nacionalne okoljevarstvene zahteve, sicer dosegli kasneje.
This has been taken into account in determining the short-term objectives and measures, where obligations arising from the acquis communautaire have been given priority.
To dejstvo je upoštevano pri določanju ciljev in ukrepov, posebno za kratkoročno obdobje, kjer so kot prednostno upoštevane obveze vezane na izpolnjevanje zahtev iz acquis communautaire.
2.1 Environmental Accession Strategy of Slovenia for Integration into the European Union
2.1 Okoljska pristopna strategija Slovenije za vključitev v Evropsko unijo
The Environmental Accession Strategy of Slovenia is the basic programme document and a schedule, which will direct Slovenia&apos;s efforts to integrate with the EU in the field of the environment.
Okoljska pristopna strategija Slovenije je temeljni programski in terminski dokument, ki bo usmerjal naša prizadevanja za vključitev v EU na področju okolja.