natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
At that time it was also found that there were major differences among the universities, and especially among faculties, and that students with better grades made greater use of this form of gaining knowledge and experience.
Takrat je bilo ugotovljeno še, da so med univerzami, zlasti pa med fakultetami, pomembne razlike in da študenti z boljšim uspehom bolj uporabljajo te oblike pridobivanja znanja in izkušenj.
Regarding the intention of pursuing such forms of education, 24.2 percent of surveyed students confirm that they have their own such desires (the response “maybe” was disregarded), which far outstrips the actual fulfilment of these desires to date.
Glede namenov vključevanja v tovrstne oblike izobraževanja 24,2 odstotka anketiranih študentov potrjuje svoje tovrstne želje (odgovori »morda« niso bili upoštevani), kar močno presega dosedanjo realizacijo.
Despite the demonstrated subjective intentions, this is far from a predominant (realistic) form of education.
Kljub izkazanim subjektivnim nameram je to daleč od prevladujoče (realne) oblike izobraževanja.
The higher probability of such education (as well as the intention to pursue it) is clearly spurred by the higher material standing of the family, while gender is not a statistically significant factor.
Na višjo verjetnost takega izobraževanju (kot tudi na namene zanj) jasno vpliva boljši gmotni položaj družine, spol pa ni statistično značilen dejavnik.
Graph 25: Pursuing courses or education abroad, student samples, Youth 2010 and ŠOS 2005
Grafikon 25: Opravljanje študija ali izobraževanja v tujini, študentski vzorci, Mladina 2010 in ŠOS 2005
Intention to pursue part of studies abroad Part of education pursued abroad
Prisotnost namena opravljanja dela študija v tujini Opravljen del izobraževanja v tujini
SOURCES: Youth 2010 and Proﬁ le of Slovenian Students 2005
Mladina 2010 (študentska populacija) ŠOS 2005 (študentska populacija)
Youth 2010 (student population) ŠOS 2005 (student population)
VIRA: Mladina 2010 in Profil študentov Slovenije 2005
The extent of studying abroad among students has more than doubled over the past ﬁ ve years.
Obseg študija v tujini se je med študenti v zad njih petih letih več kot podvojil.
There has been an even more signiﬁ cant increase (from 8 to 24 percent) in the proportion of students who intend to pursue part of their studies abroad.
Še bistveno bolj (z 8 na 24 odstotkov) se je povečal delež študentov, ki nameravajo opravljati del študija v tujini.
3.8 Key ﬁ ndings 1.
3.8 Ključne ugotovitve
In 2008 the proportion of young people aged between 20 and 24 years in Slovenia who were studying was by far the highest among the EU-27 countries.
1. V letu 2008 je bil delež študirajoče mladine v starosti med 20 in 24 let v Sloveniji daleč najvišji med državami EU-27.
2. The pronounced increase in the number of students in the period from 2001 to 2007 coincides with a decline in the proportion of GDP allocated to tertiary education, which raises doubts about the necessary substantive quality of such education.
2. Izrazito povečanje števila študentov v obdobju 2001-2007 sovpada z upadanjem deleža BDP, namenjenega terciarnemu izobraževanju, kar poraja dvom o potrebni vsebinski kakovosti tega izobraževanja.
3. In 2007 the proportion of individuals in EU-27 that dropped out of education early was lowest in Slovenia.
3. Delež posameznikov, ki zgodaj opustijo šolanje, je bil v letu 2007 med državami EU-27 najnižji prav v Sloveniji.
4. Relative academic success for young people is positively influenced to a significant extent by being female, by parental education (especially that of the mother) and by appropriate (authoritative or democratic) socialisation styles.
4. Na večjo šolsko uspešnost mladih pomembno pozitivno vplivajo ženski spol, izobrazba staršev (zlasti materina) in ustrezni (avtoritativni oz. demokratični) socializacijski slogi.
5. Three quarters of young people aged 15-29 years have a command of English, which is significantly higher than in 2000 (60 percent).
5. Angleščino obvladajo tri četrtine mladih v starosti 15-29 let, kar je bistveno več kot leta 2000 (60 odstotkov).
The Ministry of Education should promote the provision of tuition in other foreign languages at schools on all levels.
Ministrstvo za šolstvo naj spodbuja ponudbo učenja drugih tujih jezikov v šolah na vseh ravneh.
6. The majority (more than 60 percent) of Slovenian adolescents describe their feeling in secondary school as mainly favourable.
6. Večina (več kot 60 odstotkov) slovenskih mladostnikov opisuje svoje počutje v srednji šoli kot pretežno ugodno.
7. Among the problems that young people identify in Slovenian education, we should point out the (excessively) weak link between the education system and the labour market.
7. Med težavami, ki jih mladi ugotavljajo v slovenskem šolstvu, je treba opozoriti na (pre)šibko povezanost med izobraževalnim sistemom in trgom dela.
8. More than 92 percent of young people believe that in the future they will participate in non-formal forms of education.
8. Več kot 92 odstotkov mladih meni, da se bodo v prihodnje udeleževali neformalnih oblik izobraževanja.
9. Slovenian youths are aware of the importance of non-formal education, but apart from foreign languages and computing they make scant mention of components relating to entrepreneurship, self-employment and inventing.
9. Mladostniki v Sloveniji se zavedajo pomena neformalnega izobraževanja, vendar razen tujih jezikov in računalništva skoraj ne omenjajo sestavin, ki spadajo v podjetništvo, samozaposlovanje in izumiteljstvo.
10. The extent of studying abroad among students has more than doubled over the past five years.
10. Vključevanje v študij v tujini se je med študenti v zadnjih petih letih več kot podvojilo.
There has been an even more significant increase (from 8 to 24 percent) in the proportion of students who intend to pursue part of their studies abroad.
Še bistveno bolj (z 8 na 24 odstotkov) se je povečal delež študentov, ki nameravajo opravljati del študija v tujini.
3.9 Sources used
3.9 Uporabljeni viri
and Hirsch S. Ruchlin (ed.), Economic and Education: Principles
in Hirsch S. Ruchlin (ur.), Economic and Education: Principles and
and Application.
Application.
Depaepe, M., and Smeyers, M. (2008).
Depaepe, M., in Smeyers, M. (2008).
Europe 2020, European Council document, March 2010.
Evropa 2020, dokument Evropskega sveta, marec 2010.
Flere, S., and drugi (2005).
Flere, S., in drugi (2005).
Flere, S. (ed.) (2009).
Flere, S. (ur.) (2009).
Ljubljana: Education Institute.
Ljubljana: Pedagoški inštitut.
Flere, S. (ed.)(
Flere, S. (ur.)(
Electronic source.
Elektronski vir.
Ljubljana: Education Institute. http://www.pei.si/Sifranti/StaticPage. aspx?id=77
Ljubljana: Pedagoški inštitut.http://www.pei.si/Sifranti/StaticPage. aspx?id=77
L., and Sandlin, J. A. (2010).
L., in Sandlin, J. A. (2010).
Gintis, H., and Bowles, S. (1975).
Gintis, H., in Bowles, S. (1975).
Global neo-liberalism, the Deformation of education and
Global neo-liberalism, the Deformation of education
resistance.
and resistance.
Lisbon Strategy of the European Council of 2000 (Presidency conclusions of the Lisbon European Council of 23 and 24 March 2000), http://www. consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/00100-r1. en0.htm
Lizbonska strategija Evropskega sveta iz leta 2000 (predsedniški sklepi lizbonskega Evropskega sveta z dne 23. in 24. marca 2000), http://www. consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/00100-r1. en0.htm
In: Vlado
V: Vlado
Miheljak (ed.), Mladina 2000: slovenska mladina na prehodu v tretje
Miheljak (ur.), Mladina 2000: slovenska mladina na prehodu v tretje
Ljubljana: Ministry of Education and Sports, Office of the Republic of Slovenia for Youth; Maribor: Aristej.
Ljubljana: Ministrstvo za šolstvo, znanost in šport, Urad Republike Slovenije za mladino; Maribor: Aristej.
Miheljak, V. (ed.) (2002).
Miheljak, V. (ur.) (2002).
McGuinness, S., and Bennett, J. (2009).
McGuinness, S., in Bennett, J. (2009).
Ministry of Education
Ministrstvo za šolstvo
and Sports, 2010.
in šport, 2010.
Available at:www.mss.si/datoteke/dokumenti/MSS-13110-PP_izobrazevanjemladih.pdf,20. 12. 2010.
Dostopno na:www.mss.si/datoteke/dokumenti/MSS-13110-PP_izobrazevanjemladih.pdf,20. 12. 2010.
C., and Smith, T. (2008).
C., in Smith, T. (2008).
Ljubljana: Statistical Institute of the SR Slovenia.
Ljubljana: Zavod za statistiko SR Slovenije.
SORS.
SURS.
Ljubljana: Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia.
Ljubljana: Urad RS za statistiko.
Rudi Klanjšek and Miran Lavrič
Rudi Klanjšek in Miran Lavrič
4 Employment and entrepreneurship
4 Zaposlovanje in podjetništvo
4.1 New conditions in the labour market and young people
4.1 Nove razmere na trgu dela in mladi
Amidst global competition and unfavourable demographic trends, Europe is encountering forces that are radically changing the labour market and education.
Evropa se v svetovni konkurenčni tekmi ob neugodnih demografskih gibanjih srečuje s silami, ki korenito spreminjajo trg dela in izobraževanja.
Traditional forms of permanent (open-term) employment are increasingly being replaced by less secure and more flexible forms of employment, while the age at which people first enter the jobs market is rising, and the actual transition takes longer and is less certain (Vertot, 2009).
Tradicionalne oblike zaposlenosti za nedoločen čas vse bolj zamenjujejo manj gotove, prožne oblike zaposlenosti, zvišuje se starost prvega vstopa na trg dela, sam prehod traja dlje in je tudi bolj negotov (Vertot, 2009).
Some authors even doubt the justification for the term “transition”, since for an increasing portion of the population, stable employment is unattainable in the long term (Dwyer and Wyn, 2001; Furlong and Kelly, 2005).
Nekateri avtorji celo dvomijo o upravičenosti pojma prehoda, saj so stabilne zaposlitve za vse večji del prebivalstva tudi dolgoročno nedosegljive (Dwyer in Wyn, 2001; Furlong in Kelly, 2005).
Of course Slovenia is no exception in these trends.
Slovenija seveda ni izvzeta iz teh gibanj.
As can be seen from development reports (OMAD, 2006, 2008, 2010), in Slovenia, too, the proportion of temporary employment (i.e. fixed-term employment) in overall employment has been constantly growing.
Kot je mogoče razbrati iz poročil o razvoju (UMAR, 2006, 2008, 2010), tudi v Sloveniji delež začasnih zaposlitev (tj. zaposlitev za določen čas) v skupni zaposlenosti stalno narašča.
More precisely, in the period 1996-2005 this proportion supposedly doubled (OMAD, 2006), wherein the greatest increase in temporary employment in Slovenia was precisely among young people.
Natančneje, v obdobju 1996-2005 naj bi se ta delež podvojil (UMAR, 2006), pri čemer naj bi do največjega povečanja začasnih zaposlitev v Sloveniji prišlo ravno med mladimi.
This is also confirmed by the data presented in the graph below.
To potrjujejo tudi podatki, prikazani v spodnjem grafikonu.
Graph 26: Proportion of temporarily employed persons,* EU and Slovenia, by age group and selected years
Grafikon 26: Delež začasno zaposlenih,* EU in Slovenija, po starostnih skupinah in izbranih letih
EU 15 (15-64) Slovenia (15-64) EU 15 (15-24) Slovenia (15-24)
EU 15 (15-64) Slovenija (15-64) EU 15 (15-24) Slovenija (15-24)
NOTE: *Data relate to the second quarter of the year.
OPOMBA: * Podatki se nanašajo na drugo četrtletje leta.
SOURCE: Eurostat - Population and social conditions/Employment and unemployment (Labour Force
VIR: Eurostat- Population and social conditions/Employement and unemployement (Labour Force Survey)
Survey)
Čeprav je t.
Although what is termed the “age-segregation of the labour market” (Ignjatović and Trbanc, 2009), which characterises a larger portion of the temporary employment among young people than among other employed persons, is som1234ething familiar to the majority of EU countries, in terms of the spread of temporary employment among young people, with a 65.5-percent share (this level is even higher for young women: 74.2 percent; young men: 58.6 percent), Slovenia is in top place in the EU (both for EU-15 and EU-27).
i. »starostna segregacija trga dela« (Ignjatović in Trbanc, 2009), ki jo označuje večji delež začasnih zaposlitev med mladimi zaposlenimi kot med drugimi zaposlenimi, nekaj, kar poznajo v večini držav EU, pa je Slovenija po razširjenosti začasnih zaposlitev med mladimi s 65,5-odstotnim deležem (stopnja je še višja, ko gre za mlade ženske: 74,2 odstotka; mladi moški: 58,6 odstotka) na prvem mestu v EU (ne glede na EU-15 ali EU-27).
Slovenia is in top place in the EU in temporary employment among young people.
Po začasnih zaposlitvah med mladimi je Slovenija na prvem mestu v EU.
Age-segregation of the labour market (which is “more flexible” for young people) leads to greater uncertainty regarding employment stability, and this affects the possibility for “full economic and social emancipation” (Ignjatović and Trbanc, 2009: 40) as well as major life decisions, including about starting a family (OMAD, 2008: 42).
Starostna segmentacija trga dela (ki je »prožnejši« za mlade) vodi do večje negotovosti glede stabilnosti zaposlitve, to pa vpliva na možnost »polne ekonomske in socialne osamosvojitve« (Ignjatović in Trbanc, 2009: 40) ter na pomembne življenjske odločitve, med drugim tudi o oblikovanju družine (UMAR, 2008: 42).
As Ignjatović and Trbanc (2009) have found, alongside fixed-term employment, among work-active young people (aged 15-24 years) there is an increasing proportion that have part-time work contracts.
Kot ugotavljata Ignjatović in Trbanc (2009), pa poleg zaposlitve za določen čas med delovno aktivnimi mladimi (15-24 let) narašča tudi delež mladih, ki imajo sklenjene pogodbe za skrajšani delovni čas.
Graph 27: Proportion of part-time employees among the working population, EU and Slovenia, by age group and selected years
Grafikon 27: Delež delno zaposlenih med delovno aktivnimi, EU in Slovenija, po starostnih skupinah in izbranih letih
NOTE: Data relate to the second quarter of the year.
OPOMBA: Podatki se nanašajo na drugo četrtletje leta.
This offers the conclusion that the labour market in Slovenia, especially where young people are concerned, is more adaptable than the average.
Glede na to je mogoče izpeljati sklep, da je trg dela v Sloveniji, predvsem ko gre za mlade, nadpovprečno prilagodljiv.
Both temporary jobs and part-employments are used as an indicator of the adaptability or flexibility of the labour market (OMAD, 2010: 40).
Oboje, začasne in delne zaposlitve, se namreč uporabljajo kot kazalnik prilagodljivosti oziroma prožnosti trga dela (UMAR, 2010: 40).
The labour market in Slovenia, especially where young people are concerned, is more adaptable than the average.
Trg dela v Sloveniji je, predvsem ko gre za mlade, nadpovprečno prilagodljiv.
The proportion of temporarily and partly employed persons among work-active young people (15-24 years) in Slovenia exceeds the proportion shown in the same segment by the economically most advanced countries of Europe (EU-15) and by the European Union as a whole (EU-27).
Delež začasno in delno zaposlenih med delovno aktivnimi mladimi (15-24 let) v Sloveniji presega delež, ki ga v enakem segmentu izkazujejo gospodarsko najrazvitejše države Evrope (EU-15) oziroma Evropska unija v celoti (EU-27).
It includes shift work, Saturday and Sunday work, evening work and night work.
Sem spadajo izmensko, sobotno in nedeljsko delo, delo v večernih urah in nočno delo.
The graph below shows the status in this regard of young employees and employed persons generally in Slovenia.
Spodnji grafikoni kažejo, kakšen je glede tega položaj mladih zaposlenih in zaposlenih sploh v Sloveniji.
Graph 28: Proportion of shift employees among all employees, EU and Slovenia, by age group and selected years
Grafikon 28: Delež izmensko zaposlenih med vsemi zaposlenimi, EU in Slovenija, po starostnih skupinah in izbranih letih
EU 27 (15-64) EU 15 (15-64) Slovenia (15-64) EU 27 (15-24) EU 15 (15-24) Slovenia (15-24)
EU 27 (15-64) EU 15 (15-64) Slovenija (15-64) EU 27 (15-24) EU 15 (15-24) Slovenija (15-24)
SOURCE: Eurostat- Population and social conditions/Employement and unemployement (Labour Force Survey)
VIR: Eurostat- Population and social conditions/Employement and unemployement (Labour Force Survey)
The graph shows that within the “wider and narrower” European Union (EU-27/EU-15) Slovenia stands way ahead in its share of shift employees, especially where young people (15-24 years) are concerned.
Iz grafikona je razvidno, da Slovenija v »širši in ožji« Evropski uniji (EU27/EU-15) izrazito prednjači po deležu izmensko zaposlenih, še posebej ko gre za mlade (15-24 let).
The proportion of shift-employed young people among all employees is thus on average around twice as high as the European average, which is between 15 (EU-15) and 20 percent (EU-27).
Delež izmensko zaposlenih mladih med vsemi zaposlenimi je tako v povprečju približno dvakrat višji od evropskega povprečja, ki je med 15 (EU-15) in 20 odstotkov (EU-27).
We should also point out that Slovenia stands out again when the proportion of shift-employed young people is compared to the proportion of all shift employees.
Omeniti je še treba, da Slovenija izstopa tudi, ko se primerja delež izmensko zaposlenih mladih z deležem vseh izmensko zaposlenih.
While this difference in EU-27 amounts at most to 2.2 percentage points, in Slovenia it is between 8.2 and 12.3 percentage points.
Medtem ko ta razlika v EU-27 znaša do največ 2,2 odstotne točke, je v Sloveniji med 8,2 in 12,3 odstotne točke.
The picture does not change when we look at the proportion of those that never have to work on Saturdays.
Podoba se ne spremeni, ko se pogleda delež tistih, ki jim nikoli ni treba delati v soboto.
Here, too, Slovenia is ahead in terms of all employees, as well as in terms of young employees.
Tudi tukaj Slovenija prednjači z vidika vseh zaposlenih, pa tudi z vidika mladih zaposlenih.
Graph 29: Proportion of employees (out of all employees) that “never” work on Saturdays, EU and Slovenia, by age group and selected years
Grafikon 29: Delež zaposlenih (med vsemi zaposlenimi), ki »nikoli« ne dela v soboto, EU in Slovenija, po starostnih skupinah in izbranih letih
SOURCE: Eurostat- Population and social conditions/Employment and unemployment (Labour Force Survey)
VIR: Eurostat- Population and social conditions/Employement and unemployement (Labour Force Survey)
Indeed the data show that the proportion of young employees that do not have to work on Saturdays is markedly higher in the EU than in Slovenia (2009: EU-27 = 48.8 percent; Slovenia = 34.6 percent).
Podatki namreč pokažejo, da je delež mladih zaposlenih, ki jim ni treba delati ob sobotah, opazno višji v EU kot v Sloveniji (leto 2009: EU 27 = 48,8 odstotka; Slovenija = 34,6 odstotka).
Meanwhile we cannot talk of stability where Sunday work is concerned.
O stabilnosti pa ni mogoče govoriti, ko gre za nedeljsko delo.
According to Eurostat data, this is growing in Slovenia, with the increase especially notable among young employees.
To v Sloveniji, sodeč po podatkih Eurostata, narašča, pri čemer je to povečanje še posebej očitno med mladimi zaposlenimi.
Graph 30: Proportion of employees (out of all employees) that “never” work on Sundays, EU and Slovenia, by age group and selected years
Grafikon 30: Delež zaposlenih (med vsemi zaposlenimi), ki »nikoli« ne dela v nedeljo, EU in Slovenija, po starostnih skupinah in izbranih letih
A similar trend to that of Sunday work can be found in evening work, where over the last ten years the proportion of those employees that never work in the evening has fallen from 63 to 54 percent (age group 15-64) and from 59 to 52 percent (age group 15-24).
Podoben trend kot pri nedeljskem delu je mogoče zaznati tudi pri večernem delu, pri katerem se je v zadnjih desetih letih delež tistih zaposlenih, ki nikoli ne dela zvečer, zmanjšal s 63 na 54 odstotkov (starostna skupina 15-64 let) oziroma z 59 na 52 odstotkov (starostna skupina 15-24 let).
Graph 31: Proportion of employees (out of all employees) that “never” work in the evening, EU and Slovenia, by age group and selected years
Grafikon 31: Delež zaposlenih (med vsemi zaposlenimi), ki »nikoli« ne dela zvečer, EU in Slovenija, po starostnih skupinah in izbranih letih
Young employees in Slovenia stand out compared to young employees in the EU in terms of shift, Saturday, Sunday and evening work, while from the longitudinal aspect, in the last two jobs in the “asocial time” Slovenia is showing trends that are counter to those detectable in the economically most advanced EU countries.
Mladi zaposleni v Sloveniji v primerjavi z mladimi zaposlenimi v EU prednjačijo, ko gre za izmensko, sobotno, nedeljsko in večerno delo, z longitudinalnega vidika pa Slovenija pri zadnjih dveh zaposlitvah v »asocialnem času« izkazuje trende, nasprotne tistimi, ki jih je mogoče zaznati v gospodarsko najrazvitejših državah EU.
The new situation in the labour market is also indicated by data obtained through this study.
Na nove razmere na trgu dela kažejo tudi podatki, ki so bili pridobljeni s to študijo.
A comparison of the situation in 2000 and 2010 regarding the predominant working activities of young people in Slov
Primerjava stanja v letih 2000 in 2010 glede prevladujoče delovne aktivnosti mladih v Sloveniji (grafikon spodaj) namreč pokaže,
Employed full-time
Brezposeln/a
Employed part-time
Samozaposlen/a Osnovnošolec/ka
Primary school pupil 3-year vocational school pupil 4-year secondary school pupil
Dijak/inja štiriletne srednje šole
Part-time student
Izredni/a študent/ka
Full-time student
Redni študent/ka
The differences are even greater if we limit the group to those aged 25-29 years, which is especially interesting in terms of the transition to the world of work.
Razlike so še večje, če se omejimo na starostno skupino 25-29 let, ki je posebej zanimiva z vidika prehoda v svet dela.
The proportion of fully employed persons in this group fell from 74.5 percent to 57 percent, the proportion of full-time students increased from 3.7 percent to 14 percent, and the proportion of unemployed persons rose from 7 to 11.2 percent.
Delež polno zaposlenih se je v tej skupini zmanjšal s 74,5 odstotka na 57 odstotkov, delež rednih študentov se je povečal s 3,7 odstotka na 14 odstotkov, delež brezposelnih pa s 7 odstotkov na 11,2 odstotka.
So there is a very clear trend of lengthening and tightening the conditions for the transition from education to steady employment.
Povsem jasno se torej kaže trend podaljševanja in zaostrovanja pogojev prehoda iz sistema izobraževanja v redno zaposlitev.
Graph 33: Basic employment status of young people (15-29 years), Youth 2000, Youth 2010
Grafikon 33: Osnovni zaposlitveni status mladih (15-29 let), Mladina 2000, Mladina 2010
Fully employed for ﬁ xed term Fully employed permanently Self-employed (incl. farmers) Regular contract work (pupils, students and others with steady work) No steady work (pupils, students and others not working)
Redno zaposlen/a za določen čas Redno zaposlen/a za nedoločen čas Sem samozaposlen/a (tudi kmetovalci) Imam redno honorarno delo (dijaki, študenti in ostali, ki redno delajo) Nimam rednega dela (dijaki, študenti in ostali, ki ne delajo)
The same thing is confirmed by the shifts in circumstances surrounding basic employment status.
Enako potrjujejo premiki razmerij pri osnovnem zaposlitvenem statusu.
The proportion of permanent employees was almost halved between 2000 and 2010, while there has been a marked increase in the share of young people without any permanent forms of work or with less permanent forms of work.
Delež zaposlenih za nedoločen čas se je v obdobju 2000-2010 skoraj prepolovil, izrazito pa se je povečal delež mladih z manj stalnimi oblikami dela.
We can observe the same trends if we limit ourselves to the age group of 25-29 years.
Enake trende opazimo, če se omejimo na starostno skupino 25-29 let.
The proportion of full-time employees on open-term contracts fell from 52.4 to 32.8 percent, while the proportion of those involved in contract and piece work rose slightly (from 6.8 to 8.6 percent).
Delež redno zaposlenih za nedoločen čas je upadel z 52,4 na 32,8 odstotka, delež vključenih v honorarno delo pa je rahlo narasel (s 6,8 na 8,6 odstotka).