natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Several Member States already had provisions, including of criminal nature, related to disinformation and one Member State introduced a specific new criminal offence for spreading of disinformation during the state of emergency.
Več držav članic je že imelo določbe, tudi kazenske, povezane z dezinformacijami, ena država članica pa je uvedla posebno novo kaznivo dejanje za širjenje dezinformacij v času izrednega stanja 49 .
5.Greater transparency of online platforms about disinformation and influence operations
5.Večja preglednost spletnih platform glede operacij dezinformiranja in vplivanja
A sound and effective approach to tackling these challenges requires a thorough understanding of the problem and evidence of its impact.
Da bi lahko uspešno in učinkovito pristopili k reševanju teh izzivov, je treba temeljito razumeti problem in dokaze o njegovih posledicah.
A calibrated response is needed from all parts of society, depending on the degree of harm, the intent, the form of dissemination, the actors involved and their origin.
Potreben je prilagojen odziv vseh delov družbe, odvisno od stopnje škode, namena, oblike razširjanja informacij, udeležencev in njihovega izvora.
Since the beginning of the crisis, the Commission has underlined the need for online platforms to ensure full implementation of their commitments under the Code of Practice.
Komisija že od začetka krize poudarja, da morajo spletne platforme polno izvajati svoje zaveze v skladu s kodeksom ravnanja.
The following non-exhaustive list of examples illustrates the complexity of the situation experienced during the COVID-19 crisis:
Naslednji neizčrpni seznam primerov ponazarja kompleksnost položaja, ki je nastal v času krize zaradi COVID-19:
All EU institutions need to be engaged in a common effort and be complementary to Member States, bringing added value, such as their analytical capacity and access to platforms.
Vse institucije EU morajo sodelovati pri skupnih prizadevanjih in dopolnjevati države članice s prispevanjem dodane vrednosti, na primer z analitičnimi zmogljivostmi in dostopom do platform.
The Commission and the EEAS are also coordinating closely with the WHO and other international partners to ensure maximum visibility of the delivery of EU's COVID-19 assistance and its positive impact on the ground, including through Team Europe.
Komisija in ESZD tesno sodelujeta tudi s SZO in drugimi mednarodnimi partnerji, da bi zagotovili čim večjo prepoznavnost zagotavljanja pomoči EU v zvezi s COVID-19 in njenega pozitivnega učinka na terenu, tudi prek Ekipe Evropa.
Disinformation can have severe consequences: it can lead people to ignore official health advice and engage in risky behaviour, or have a negative impact on our democratic institutions, societies, as well as on our economic and financial situation.
Dezinformacije imajo lahko resne posledice: lahko privedejo do neupoštevanja uradnih zdravstvenih nasvetov in tveganega vedenja, ali pa negativno vplivajo na naše demokratične institucije, družbe ter gospodarske in finančne razmere.
The Consumer Protection Cooperation Network of national authorities has worked with the Commission to fight these practices in a coordinated manner.
Mreža nacionalnih organov za sodelovanje na področju varstva potrošnikov je sodelovala s Komisijo pri usklajenem boju proti tem praksam.
It also highlights areas where the crisis has pointed to more fundamental challenges, to be further assessed as the crisis evolves and to form part of the wider approach to strengthen democracy, which will be set out in the European Democracy Action Plan, as announced in President von der Leyen's Political Guidelines.
Sporočilo tudi izpostavlja področja, na katerih je kriza opozorila na bolj temeljne izzive, ki jih je treba dodatno oceniti ob razvoju krize in ki morajo biti del širšega pristopa za okrepitev demokracije, ki bo določen v akcijskem načrtu za evropsko demokracijo, kakor je bil napovedan v političnih usmeritvah predsednice von der Leyen 7 .
Platforms' responses to this challenge have been closely monitored, even though it is difficult to reliably assess the timeliness, completeness and impact of their actions.
Odzivi platform na ta izziv so se skrbno spremljali, čeprav je težko zanesljivo oceniti pravočasnost, celovitost in učinek njihovih ukrepov 33 .
1.The key challenges of the COVID-19 infodemic and next steps to address them
1.Ključni izzivi informacijske epidemije v zvezi s COVID-19 in naslednji koraki za njihovo obravnavo
·The Commission calls on the platforms to broaden and intensify their cooperation with fact-checkers and actively offer access to their fact-checking programmes to organisations in all EU Member States - as well as in its neighbourhood - for all languages.
·Komisija poziva platforme, naj razširijo in okrepijo sodelovanje s preverjevalci dejstev in dejavno ponudijo dostop do svojih programov za preverjanje dejstev organizacijam v vseh državah članicah EU ter v njenem sosedstvu, in sicer za vse jezike.
In this context, free and plural media is key to address disinformation and inform citizens.
V tem okviru so svobodni in pluralni mediji ključnega pomena za preprečevanje dezinformacij in obveščanje državljanov.
This will build upon the amended Audiovisual Media Service Directive which requires video-sharing platforms to provide for effective media literacy measures and tools.
To bo temeljilo na spremenjeni direktivi o avdiovizualnih medijskih storitvah, ki določa, da morajo platforme za izmenjavo videov zagotoviti učinkovite ukrepe in orodja glede medijske pismenosti.
Such coordination reveals an intention to use false or misleading information to cause harm.
Takšno usklajevanje razkriva namerno uporabo neresničnih ali zavajajočih informacij za povzročitev škode.
In this regard, a greater access to aggregated data sets of platforms stemming from COVID is essential for research purposes and a better understanding of disinformation threats and trends.
V zvezi s tem je večji dostop do sklopov zbirnih podatkov, povezanih s COVID, ki jih dajo na voljo platforme, bistvenega pomena za raziskovalne namene in boljše razumevanje groženj in trendov dezinformacij.
In addition, the European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights finances projects to support journalists, promotes fact-checking and the fight against disinformation related to COVID-19.
Poleg tega evropski instrument za demokracijo in človekove pravice financira projekte za podporo novinarjem, spodbuja preverjanje dejstev in boj proti dezinformacijam, povezanim s COVID-19.
·Member States should more extensively use the Rapid Alert System and other appropriate means to strengthen cooperation with EU institutions and amongst themselves, in particular on information environment assessment and situational awareness.
·Države članice bi morale v večji meri uporabljati sistem hitrega obveščanja in druga ustrezna sredstva za okrepitev sodelovanja z institucijami EU in med seboj, zlasti glede ocenjevanja informacijskega okolja in situacijskega zavedanja.
ointensify the exchange of information with relevant partners from civil society and the private sector in third countries on situational awareness and threat development, inter alia, by organising consultations, conferences and public events; 30
ookrepila izmenjavo informacij z ustreznimi partnerji iz civilne družbe in zasebnega sektorja v tretjih državah v zvezi s situacijskim zavedanjem in razvojem groženj, med drugim z organiziranjem posvetovanj, konferenc in javnih dogodkov 30 ;
In addition, there is a need for dedicated research infrastructure to detect, analyse and expose disinformation and foreign influence operations across the whole EU territory.
Poleg tega je potrebna posebna raziskovalna infrastruktura za odkrivanje, analizo in razkrivanje dezinformacij ter operacij tujega vplivanja na celotnem ozemlju EU.
The European Digital Media Observatory (EDMO) has just been launched to support the creation of a cross-border and multidisciplinary community of independent fact-checkers and academic researchers, which will collaborate with relevant stakeholders to detect, analyse and expose potential disinformation threats, including in the area of COVID.
Pravkar je začela delovati evropska opazovalnica digitalnih medijev (EDMO), ki bo podpirala vzpostavitev čezmejne in večdisciplinarne skupnosti neodvisnih preverjevalcev dejstev in akademskih raziskovalcev, ki bodo sodelovali z ustreznimi deležniki pri odkrivanju, analiziranju in izpostavljanju morebitnih groženj dezinformacij, tudi na področju COVID.
Freedom of expression and the right of the media and civil society to scrutinise the actions of the state are as important as ever during this crisis: the accountability of public authorities should not be reduced because they are operating through emergency powers.
Svoboda izražanja ter pravica medijev in civilne družbe, da nadzirajo ukrepe države, sta v tej krizi še kako pomembni: odgovornost javnih organov ne bi smela biti zmanjšana, ker delujejo na podlagi pooblastil za ukrepanje v izrednih razmerah.
66 This exchange with the major online platforms is bearing fruit, 67 but work will have to be pursued, notably under the future Digital Services Act.
Ta izmenjava z glavnimi spletnimi platformami je uspešna 67 , vendar so potrebna nadaljnja prizadevanja, zlasti v skladu s prihodnjim aktom o digitalnih storitvah.
·The Commission will propose to the other institutions to set up and test mechanisms 26 to improve coordination on COVID-19-related disinformation within existing structures and to share assessments and analyses.
·Komisija bo drugim institucijam predlagala vzpostavitev in preskušanje mehanizmov 26 za izboljšanje usklajevanja na področju dezinformacij v zvezi s COVID-19 v okviru obstoječih struktur ter za izmenjavo ocen in analiz.
Many fraudulent websites are under domain names using COVID-19 related keywords such as ‘corona', ‘mask' or ‘vaccine'.
Številna nezakonita spletišča imajo domenska imena s ključnimi besedami, povezanimi s COVID-19, kot so „korona", „maska" ali „cepivo" 69 .
The Commission's recovery and repair package would help address immediate liquidity needs though the solvency support and cohesion funding, while strengthening the digital investment and resilience of the sector through InvestEU, Creative Europe, and Horizon Europe Programme.
Sveženj ukrepov Komisije za okrevanje in obnovo bi pomagal izpolniti neposredne likvidnostne potrebe s podporo plačilni sposobnosti in kohezijskim financiranjem, hkrati pa okrepil digitalne naložbe in odpornost sektorja prek programa InvestEU, programa Ustvarjalna Evropa in programa Obzorje Evropa.
The EU needs to intensify both political and practical support to independent media and journalists in the EU and across the world, as well as helping civil society organisations in their efforts to monitor and report on restrictions of freedom of expression and civic space.
EU mora okrepiti politično in praktično podporo neodvisnim medijem in novinarjem v EU in po svetu ter pomagati organizacijam civilne družbe pri njihovih prizadevanjih za spremljanje in poročanje o omejevanju svobode izražanja in državljanskega prostora.
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis, clear and accessible communication and accurate information have been central to protecting citizens' health.
Od začetka krize zaradi COVID-19 so bile jasna in dostopna komunikacija ter natančne informacije osrednjega pomena za varovanje zdravja državljanov.
·The Commission, the Council, the High Representative and the European Parliament will share best practices on resilience-building measures, in particular against the lessons learned during the COVID-19 crisis.
·Komisija, Svet, visoki predstavnik in Evropski parlament bodo izmenjavali dobre prakse na področju krepitve odpornosti, zlasti na podlagi izkušenj, pridobljenih med krizo zaradi COVID-19.
Disinformation and foreign influence operations around COVID-19 do not focus on the EU or individual Member States alone.
Dezinformacije in operacije tujega vplivanja v zvezi s COVID-19 se ne osredotočajo le na EU ali posamezne države članice.
These challenges are better answered if society is aware of the dangers of disinformation and misinformation.
Te izzive je lažje rešiti, če se družba zaveda nevarnosti dezinformacij in napačnih informacij.
·Consumer fraud (for example selling of ‘miracle products' with unsupported health claims) is illegal and needs to be acted against by consumer protection authorities and online platforms.
·Goljufije potrošnikov (na primer prodaja „čudežnih izdelkov" z neutemeljenimi zdravstvenimi trditvami) so nezakonite, zato morajo proti njim ukrepati organi za varstvo potrošnikov in spletne platforme.
Where there is no such intention, for example, when citizens share false information unknowingly with friends and family in good faith, the content concerned can be viewed as misinformation; by contrast, and as defined in the Commission Communication of April 2018, 17 the presence of such intention would qualify the content as disinformation.
Kadar takega namena ni, na primer, kadar si državljani nezavedno izmenjujejo neresnične informacije s prijatelji in družino v dobri veri, je mogoče zadevno vsebino šteti za napačne informacije; drugače in kot je opredeljeno v sporočilu Komisije iz aprila 2018 17 , bi se ob takem namenu vsebina štela za dezinformacije.
The current COVID-19 crisis has shown the risk that some measures designed to tackle the ‘infodemic' can be used as a pretext to undermine fundamental rights and freedoms or abused for political purpose in and outside the European Union.
Sedanja kriza zaradi COVID-19 je pokazala tveganje, da bi se lahko nekateri ukrepi, namenjeni boju proti „informacijski epidemiji", uporabljali kot izgovor za spodkopavanje temeljnih pravic in svoboščin ali zlorabili v politične namene v Evropski uniji in zunaj nje.
All this raises questions over the ability of the media and civil society to fully play their own role in counteracting disinformation and misinformation.
Vse to odpira vprašanja glede zmožnosti medijev in civilne družbe, da v celoti odigrajo svojo vlogo pri preprečevanju dezinformacij in napačnih informacij.
olaunch targeted actions under the public diplomacy programmes in countries around the globe to support civil society actors in providing reliable information; 58
ozačela ciljno usmerjene ukrepe v okviru programov javne diplomacije v državah po svetu za podporo akterjem civilne družbe pri zagotavljanju zanesljivih informacij 58 ;
The Commission is stepping up cooperation and information exchanges with platforms, as well as with advertising self-regulatory bodies, to develop automatic tools to find misleading advertisements.
Komisija krepi sodelovanje in izmenjavo informacij s platformami, pa tudi z oglaševalskimi samoregulativnimi organi, da bi razvili samodejna orodja za odkrivanje zavajajočih oglasov.
The result is that platforms have removed or blocked millions of misleading advertisements or product listings.
Rezultat tega je, da so platforme odstranile ali blokirale na milijone zavajajočih oglasov ali ponudb izdelkov.
Europol has issued a dedicated report 23 and is systematically monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cybercrime landscape, providing updated threat pictures and assessments of potential further developments in this crime area.
Europol je izdal posebno poročilo 23 in sistematično spremlja vpliv pandemije COVID-19 na področju kibernetske kriminalitete, zagotavlja posodobljene situacijske slike groženj in ocene morebitnega nadaljnjega razvoja tovrstne kriminalitete.
oSupport will be stepped up in monitoring violations of press freedom, supporting advocacy for a safer media environment and protection of journalists, including by providing assistance via the EU Human Rights Defenders Protection Mechanism and through closer cooperation with the European Endowment for Democracy.
oOkrepila se bo podpora pri spremljanju kršitev svobode tiska ter zavzemanju za varnejše medijsko okolje in zaščito novinarjev, vključno z zagotavljanjem pomoči prek mehanizma EU za zaščito zagovornikov človekovih pravic in tesnejšim sodelovanjem z Evropsko ustanovo za demokracijo.
49 Laws which define these crimes in too broad terms and with disproportionate penalties attached can constrain sources' willingness to speak to journalists, as well as lead to self-censorship, 50 raising particular concerns as regards freedom of expression.
Zakonodaja, ki ta kazniva dejanja opredeljuje preširoko in zanje nalaga nesorazmerne kazni, lahko ovira pripravljenost virov, da bi spregovorili z novinarji, privede pa tudi do samocenzure 50 , kar vzbuja posebne pomisleke v zvezi s svobodo izražanja.
However, the crisis has also amplified the already difficult economic situation of the sector due to a dramatic fall in advertising income, despite increased audiences.
Vendar je kriza še zaostrila že tako težke gospodarske razmere v tem sektorju, saj so prihodki iz oglaševanja kljub večjemu občinstvu dramatično upadli 52 .
There is therefore a need for additional efforts and information-sharing by social media platforms, as well as increased transparency and greater accountability.
Zato so potrebna dodatna prizadevanja in izmenjava informacij prek platform družbenih medijev, pa tudi večja preglednost in več odgovornosti 37 .
Furthermore, existing foreign policy instruments have already shifted funds to support to regional governments in tackling the crisis and took actions to debunk disinformation that can further fuel tensions and conflict, in conflict- and crisis-affected contexts including the Sahel, the Great Lakes region, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America.
Poleg tega so se v okviru obstoječih instrumentov zunanje politike že prerazporedila sredstva v podporo regionalnim vladam pri reševanju krize in bili sprejeti ukrepi za razkritje dezinformacij, ki lahko še dodatno podžigajo napetosti in konflikte, in sicer na območjih konfliktov in kriznih razmer, vključno s Sahelom, območjem afriških Velikih jezer, Afriškim rogom, Bližnjim vzhodom in Latinsko Ameriko.
Cooperation with social media platforms is a key element in developing both a comprehensive assessment of the challenge and an effective response to the ‘infodemic'.
Sodelovanje s platformami družbenih medijev je ključen element pri pripravi celovite ocene izziva in učinkovitega odziva na „informacijsko epidemijo".
60 Much is already being done in this regard, but there is a need for more action to identify synergies, potential for cooperation and exchange of information about resilience building measures to limit the impact of disinformation.
V zvezi s tem je storjenega že veliko, vendar je potrebnih več ukrepov za opredelitev sinergij, možnosti za sodelovanje in izmenjavo informacij o ukrepih za krepitev odpornosti, da se omeji vpliv dezinformacij.
·The Commission invites the Parliament and the Council to urgently adopt the comprehensive recovery package that would help repair and strengthen resilience of the media sector to fight COVID-related disinformation.
·Komisija poziva Parlament in Svet, naj nujno sprejmeta celovit sveženj ukrepov za okrevanje gospodarstva, ki bi pomagal obnoviti in okrepiti odpornost medijskega sektorja v boju proti dezinformacijam v zvezi s COVID.
Following the Commission's call, platforms 63 have removed millions of misleading advertisements concerning illegal or unsafe products.
Po pozivu Komisije so platforme 63 odstranile na milijone zavajajočih oglasov, ki so se nanašali na nezakonite ali nevarne izdelke 64 .
Problems related to freedom of expression have been signalled during the crisis, 48 including reports that journalists, civil society organisations and academics have been restricted in their access to information, that such access has been unnecessarily delayed, that journalists faced increased risks to their safety, including threats and intimidation, or that they were wrongly accused of spreading disinformation.
Med krizo je bilo opozorjeno na težave, povezane s svobodo izražanja 48 , vključno s poročili, da so bili novinarji, organizacije civilne družbe in akademiki pri dostopu do informacij omejeni, da je bil tak dostop po nepotrebnem odložen, da so se novinarji soočali s povečanimi tveganji za svojo varnost, vključno z grožnjami in ustrahovanjem, ali da so bili napačno obtoženi širjenja dezinformacij.
·Information circulating includes dangerous hoaxes and misleading healthcare information, with false claims (such as ‘it does not help to wash your hands' or ‘the Coronavirus is only a danger to the elderly').
·Med informacijami, ki krožijo, so nevarni lažni preplahi in zavajajoče zdravstvene informacije z neresničnimi trditvami (na primer „umivanje rok ni koristno" ali „koronavirus je nevaren le za starejše").
All of the above remedies should be implemented in full respect of fundamental rights, in particular freedom of expression.
Vsa navedena sredstva bi bilo treba izvajati ob polnem spoštovanju temeljnih pravic, zlasti svobode izražanja.
The European Commission and the High Representative set out their approach to counter disinformation in 2018.
Evropska komisija in visoka predstavnica sta leta 2018 predstavili svoj pristop k preprečevanju dezinformacij 9 .
·Foreign actors and certain third countries, in particular Russia 15 and China, 16 have engaged in targeted influence operations and disinformation campaigns around COVID-19 in the EU, its neighbourhood and globally, seeking to undermine democratic debate and exacerbate social polarisation, and improve their own image in the COVID-19 context.
·Tuji akterji in nekatere tretje države, zlasti Rusija 15 in Kitajska 16 , so izvajali ciljno usmerjene operacije vplivanja in dezinformacijske kampanje v zvezi s COVID-19 v EU, njenem sosedstvu in na svetovni ravni, s katerimi so želeli spodkopati demokratično razpravo in okrepiti družbeno polarizacijo ter izboljšati lastno podobo v povezavi s COVID-19.
1 A flood of information about the virus, 2 often false or inaccurate and spread quickly over social media, can - according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) - create confusion and distrust and undermine an effective public health response.
Poplava informacij o virusu 2 , ki so pogosto neresnične ali netočne in se hitro širijo po družbenih medijih, lahko po mnenju Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije (SZO) ustvari zmedo in nezaupanje ter ovira učinkovit odziv na področju javnega zdravja.
This should be broadened to platforms that are not presently signatories to the Code of Practice.
To bi bilo treba razširiti na platforme, ki niso podpisnice kodeksa ravnanja 38 .
The EEAS has also stepped up its efforts to address foreign influence operations, publishing regular reports analysing the information environment in this respect and sharing its findings with civil society, media and expert communities.
ESZD je tudi okrepila svoja prizadevanja za obravnavo operacij tujega vplivanja, objavljala redna poročila o analizi informacijskega okolja v zvezi s tem in izmenjavala svoje ugotovitve s civilno družbo, mediji in strokovnjaki 22 .
For example, to counter narratives about the EU's lack of assistance to third countries, communication campaigns were deployed in several countries, including in the European neighbourhood.
Na primer v odziv na navedbe glede nepošiljanja pomoči EU tretjim državam, so bile uvedene komunikacijske kampanje v več državah, zlasti v evropskem sosedstvu.
Cooperation inside the EU also needs to integrate the platforms and other key stakeholders such as for example national competent authorities, researchers and fact-checkers.
Sodelovanje znotraj EU mora vključevati tudi platforme in druge ključne deležnike, kot so pristojni nacionalni organi, raziskovalci in preverjevalci dejstev.
Against this background, one of the lessons learned from this crisis is the need to clearly differentiate between the various forms of false or misleading content revealed by the ‘infodemic' and to calibrate appropriate responses.
Glede na navedeno je eno od spoznanj iz te krize potreba po jasnem razlikovanju med različnimi oblikami neresničnih ali zavajajočih vsebin, ki jih je razkrila „informacijska epidemija", in po oblikovanju ustreznih odzivov.