natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
For stationary sources, emission factors are expressed in milligrams of NO(2) per normal (0°C, 1013 mb) cubic metre (mg/m3), dry basis.
Za nepremične vire se emisijski faktorji izražajo v miligramih NO2 na normalni (0 °C, 1013 mb) kubični meter suhega plina.
The following combustion technologies, either singly or in combination, are available for new existing installations:
Za nove in obstoječe obrate so na razpolago naslednje tehnologije zgorevanja, ki se uporabljajo bodisi posamično bodisi v kombinaciji,
(a) Low-temperature design of the firebox, including fluidized bed combustion;
(a) nizko temperaturna izvedba kurišča, vključno z zgorevanjem v zvrtinčeni plasti;
(b) Low excess-air operation;
(b) delovanje z nizkim prebitkom zraka;
(c) Installation of special low-NOx burners;
(c) namestitev posebnih gorilnikov z nizko tvorbo NOx;
(d) Flue gas recirculation into the combustion air;
(d) recirkulacija dimnih plinov;
(e) Staged combustion/overfire-air operation; and
(e) stopenjsko zgorevanje z dovajanjem zraka; in
(f) Reburning (fuel staging)(***/)
(f) ponovni sežig (stopenjsko dovajanje goriva)(***/).
Performance standards that can be achieved are summarized in table 1.
Emisijske vrednosti, ki jih je mogoče doseči, povzema Tabela 1.
Flue gas treatment by selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is an additional NOx emission reduction measure with efficiencies of up to 80 per cent and more.
Čiščenje dimnih plinov s selektivno katalitično redukcijo (SCR) je dodatni ukrep za zmanjševanje emisij NOx, katerega učinkovitost doseže 80% ali več.
When combined with combustion modifications, emission values of 200 mg/m3 (solid fuels, 6% O(2)) and 150 mg/m3 (liquid fuels, 3% O(2)) can be easily met.
Če k temu prištejemo še spremembe v načinu zgorevanja, se lahko z lahkoto dosežejo emisijske vrednosti 200 mg/m3 (trdna goriva, 6% O2) in 150 mg/m3 (tekoča goriva, 3% O2).
a/ Capacity numbers refer to MW (thermal) heat input by fuel (lower heating value).
a/ Vrednosti se nanašajo na MW vhodne toplotne moči naprave, ki se izračuna na podlagi spodnje kurilnosti goriva.
b/ Only approximate values can be given due to site specific factors and greater uncertainty for retrofitting of existing plant.
b/ Podajo se lahko samo približne vrednosti zaradi lokacijsko pogojenih dejavnikov in večje negotovosti pri rekonstrukciji obstoječe naprave.
c/ For small (10 MW? 100 MW) plants a greater degree of uncertainty applies to all figures given.
c/ Za male (10 do 100 MW) naprave je stopnja negotovosti za vse navedene številke večja.
NOx emissions from stationary gas turbines can be reduced either by combustion modification (dry control) or by water/steam injection (wet control).
Emisije NOx iz nepremičnih plinskih turbin se lahko zmanjšajo bodisi s spremembami zgorevanja (suha kontrola) ali z vbrizgom vode/pare (mokra kontrola).
By these means, emission values of 150 mg/m3 (gas, 15% O(2)) and 300 mg/m3 (oil, 15% O(2)) can be met.
Tako se lahko dosežejo emisijske vrednosti 150 mg/m3 (plin, 15% O2) in 300 mg/m3 (olje, 15% O2).
NOx emissions from stationary spark ignition IC engines can be reduced either by combustion modifications (e.g., lean-burn and exhaust gas recirculation concepts) or by flue gas treatment (closed-loop 3-way catalytic converter, SCR).
Emisije NOx iz nepremičnih motorjev z notranjim zgorevanjem na prisilni vžig se lahko zmanjšajo bodisi s spremembami zgorevanja (npr. koncepta revne mešanice in recirkulacije odpadnih plinov) bodisi s čiščenjem dimnih plinov (tristezni katalizator s povratno zanko, SCR).
The technical and economic feasibility of these various processes depends on engine size, engine type (two stroke/four stroke), and engine operation mode (constant/varying load).
Tehnična in ekonomska izvedljivost teh različnih postopkov je odvisna od velikosti motorja, vrste motorja (dvotaktni/štiritaktni) in načina delovanja motorja (stalna/spremenljiva obremenitev).
The lean-burn concept is capable of meeting NOx emission values of 800 mg/m3 (5% O(2)), the SCR process reduces NOx emission well below 400 mg/m3 (5% O(2)), and the three-way catalytic converter reduces such emissions even below 200 mg/m3 (5% O(2)).
Koncept revne mešanice lahko doseže emisijske vrednosti NOx 800 mg/m3 (5% O2), postopek SCR zmanjša emisije NOx precej pod 400 mg/m3 (5% O2) in tristezni katalizator zmanjša te emisije celo pod 200 mg/m3 (5% O2).
Industrial process furnaces? Cement calcination
Industrijske peči? Žganje cementa
The precalcination process is being evaluated within the region of the Commission as a possible technology with the potential for reducing NOx concentrations in the flue gas of new and existing cement calcination furnaces to about 300 mg/m3 (10% O(2)).
Postopek predžganja je v postopku ocenjevanja v regiji Komisije kot možna tehnologija s potencialom za zmanjševanje koncentracij NOx v dimnih plinih novih in obstoječih peči za žganje cementa na približno 300 mg/m3 (10% O2).
Non-combustion processes? Nitric acid production
Postopki, ki ne vključujejo zgorevanja? Proizvodnja dušikove kisline
Nitric acid production with a high pressure absorption (&gt;8 bar) is capable of keeping NOx concentrations in undiluted effluents below 400 mg/m3.
Proizvodnja dušikove kisline z visokotlačno absorpcijo (&gt; 8 bar) omogoča, da se koncentracije NOx v nerazredčenih izpustih gibljejo pod 400 m3.
The same emission performance can be met by medium pressure absorption in combination with a SCR process or any other similar efficient NOx reduction process.
Iste emisijske vrednosti se dosežejo s srednjetlačno absorpcijo v kombinaciji s postopkom SCR ali katerim koli drugim podobnim učinkovitim postopkom za zmanjševanje NOx.
CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES FOR NOx EMISSIONS FROM MOTOR VEHICLES
TEHNOLOGIJE NADZORA EMISIJ NOx IZ MOTORNIH VOZIL
The motor vehicles considered in this annex are those used for road transport, namely:
Motorna vozila iz te priloge so tista, ki se uporabljajo za cestni promet, to je:
petrol-fuelled and diesel-fueled passenger cars, light-duty vehicles and heavy-duty vehicles.
osebni avtomobili na bencinski in dizelski pogon, lahka tovorna vozila in težka tovorna vozila.
Appropriate reference is made, as necessary, to the specific vehicle categories (M(1), M(2), M(3), N(1), N(2), N(3)) defined in ECE Regulation No. 13 pursuant to the 1985 Agreement concerning the Adoption of Uniform Conditions of Approval and Reciprocal Recognition of Approval for Motor Vehicles Equipment and Parts.
Če je potrebno, se poda ustrezno napotilo na posebne kategorije vozil (M1, M2, M3, N1, N2, N3), opredeljene v Uredbi EGS št. 13 v skladu s Sporazumom o sprejetju enotnih pogojev za potrditev in vzajemno priznavanje potrditve za opremo in dele motornih vozil iz leta 1958.
Road transport is a major source of anthropogenic NOx emission in many Commission countries, contributing between 40 and 80 per cent of total national emissions.
Cestni promet je pomemben vir antropogenih emisij NOx v mnogih državah Komisije, ki prispeva med 40 in 80% skupnih nacionalnih emisij.
Typically petrol-fuelled vehicles contribute two-thirds of total road transport NOx emissions.
Praviloma vozila na bencinski pogon prispevajo dve tretjini skupnih emisij NOx iz cestnega prometa.
The technologies available for the control of nitrogen oxides from motor vehicles are summarized in tables 3 and 6. It is convenient to group the technologies by reference to existing or proposed national and international emission standards differing in stringency of control.
Razpoložljive tehnologije za kontrolo dušikovih oksidov iz motornih vozil so povzete v tabelah 3 in 6. Tehnologije je umestno razvrstiti glede na obstoječe ali predlagane nacionalne in mednarodne emisijske standarde, ki se razlikujejo po stopnji strogosti kontrole.
Because current regulatory test cycles only reflect urban and metropolitan driving, the estimates of relative NOx emissions given below take account of higher speed driving where NOx emissions can be particularly important.
Ker so trenutno veljavni predpisani preskusni cikli primerni samo za vožnjo po naseljih in mestih, ocene spodaj podanih ustreznih emisij NOx upoštevajo vožnjo pri večjih hitrostih, kjer bi emisije NOx lahko bile posebej pomembne.
The additional production cost figures for the various technologies given in tables 3 and 6 are manufacturing cost estimates rather than retail prices.
Dodatni proizvodni stroški za različne tehnologije iz tabel 3 in 6 pomenijo oceno stroškov izdelave in ne drobnoprodajno ceno.
Technologies that incorporate or are based on the use of catalytic converters require unladed fuel.
Tehnologije, ki vključujejo ali temeljijo na uporabi katalizatorjev, zahtevajo neosvinčeno gorivo.
Petrol- fuelled and diesel-fuelled passenger cars (M(1))
Osebni avtomobili na bencinski in dizelski pogon (M1)
These are used in table 3 to group the various engine technologies for petrol vehicles according to their NOx emission reduction potential.
Ti standardi so v Tabeli 3 uporabljeni za razvrstitev različnih tehnologij motorjev za vozila na bencinski pogon glede na njihov potencial za zmanjševanje emisije NOx.
a/ Composite NOx reduction and fuel combustion index estimates are for an average-weight European car operating under average European driving conditions.
a/ Ocene sestavljenega zmanjšanja NOx in indeksa porabe goriva se nanašajo na povprečno težek evropski avtomobil, ki deluje v povprečnih evropskih voznih razmerah.
b/ Additional production costs could be more realistically expressed as a percentage of the total car cost.
b/ Dodatni proizvodni stroški bi lahko bili bolj realistično izraženi kot odstotek skupnih stroškov avtomobila.
c/ Composite NOx emission factor = 2.6 g/km.
c/ Sestavljeni emisijski faktor NOx = 2,6 g/km.
d/ “EGR” means exhaust gas rec Circulation.
d/ &apos;EGR&apos; pomeni recirkulacijo izpušnih plinov.
e/ Based entirely on data for experimental engines.
e/ Zgolj na osnovi podatkov za eksperimentalne motorje.
The emission standards A, B, C and D include limits on hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions as well as NOx.
Emisijski standardi A, B, C in D vključujejo mejne vrednosti za emisije ogljikovodika (HC) in ogljikovega monoksida (CO) kot tudi NOx.
Estimates of emission reductions for the pollutants, relative to the baseline ECE R.15-04 case, are given in table 4.
Ocene emisijskih zmanjšanj za ta onesnaževala v zvezi z izhodiščnim stanjem pravilnika ECE R. 15-04 so v Tabeli 4.
Estimated reduction in HC and CO emissions from petrol-fuelled passenger cars for different technologies
Ocene zmanjšanja emisij HC in CO iz osebnih avtomobilov na bencinski pogon za različne tehnologije
Current diesel cars can meet the NOx emission requirements of standards A, B and C. Strict particulate emission requirements, together with the stringent NOx limits of standard D, imply that diesel passenger cars will require further development, probably including electronic control of the fuel pump, advanced fuel injection systems, exhaust gas recirculation and particulate traps.
Sedanji dizelski avtomobili lahko izpolnjujejo zahteve standardov A, B in C glede emisije NOx. Stroge zahteve v zvezi z emisijo trdnih delcev, skupaj z strogimi mejnimi vrednostmi NOx standarda D, pomenijo, da bodo dizelska osebna vozila zahtevala nadaljnji razvoj, kar verjetno vključuje elektronski nadzor črpalke goriva, sodobne sisteme vbrizgavanja goriva, recirkulacijo izpušnih plinov in filtre za delce.
Other light-duty vehicles (N(1))
Druga lahka tovorna vozila (N1)
The control methods for passenger cars are applicable but NOx reductions, costs and commercial lead time factors may differ.
Uporabijo se lahko kontrolne metode za osebne avtomobile, vendar se dejavniki zmanjšanja NOx, stroškov in časa začetka komercialne proizvodnje lahko razlikujejo.
Heavy-duty petrol-fuelled vehicles (M(2), M(3), N(2), N(3))
Težka tovorna vozila na bencinski pogon (M2, M3, N2, N3)
This class of vehicle is insignificant in Western Europe and is decreasing in Eastern Europe.
Ta razred vozil je v zahodni Evropi zanemarljiv, v vzhodni Evropi pa se zmanjšuje.
US 1990 and US 1991 NOx emission levels (see table 5) could be achieved at modest cost without significant technology advancement.
Emisijske stopnje NOx US1990 in US 1991 (glej Tabelo 5) bi lahko bile dosežene z zmernimi stroški in brez večjega tehnološkega napredka.
Heavy-duty diesel-fuelled vehicles (M(2), M(3), N(2), N(3))
Težka tovorna vozila na dizelski pogon (M2, M3, N2, N3)
These are used in table 6 to group engine technologies for heavy-duty diesel vehicles according to NOx reduction potential.
Ti standardi so v Tabeli 6 uporabljeni za razvrstitev različnih tehnologij motorjev za težka tovorna dizelska vozila glede na njihov potencial za zmanjševanje emisije NOx.
a/ Deterioration in diesel fuel quality would adversely affect emission and may affect fuel consumption for both heavy and light duty vehicles.
a/ Poslabšanje kakovosti dizelskega goriva bi neugodno vplivalo na emisijo in lahko vpliva na porabo goriva pri težkih in lahkih tovornih vozilih.
b/ It is still necessary to verify on a large scale the availability of the new components.
b/ Še vedno je treba na široko preveriti razpoložljivost novih sestavnih delov.
c/ Particulate control and other considerations account for the balance.
c/ Nadzor trdnih delcev in drugi dejavniki so vključeni v znesek.
(*/) Air Pollution Studies No. 4 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.87.II.E.36).
(*/) Študije o onesnaževanju zraka št. 4 (publikacija Združenih narodov, prodajna št. E.87.II.E.36).
(**/) It is at present difficult to provide reliable data on the costs of control technologies in absolute terms.
(**/) Trenutno je težko ponuditi zanesljive podatke o stroških kontrolnih tehnologij v absolutnem smislu.
For cost data included in the present annex, emphasis should therefore be placed on the relationships between the costs of different technologies rather than on absolute cost figures.
Za podatke o stroških iz te priloge je zato treba dati poudarek na razmerje med stroški različnih tehnologij in ne na absolutne stroške.
(***/) There is limited operational experience of this type of combustion technology.
(***/) Obratovalne izkušnje v zvezi s to vrsto tehnologije zgorevanja so omejene.
INTERNATIONAL TREATY ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
MEDNARODNA POGODBA O RASTLINSKIH GENSKIH VIRIH ZA PREHRANO IN KMETIJSTVO
Convinced of the special nature of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, their distinctive features and problems needing distinctive solutions;
so prepričane, da imajo rastlinski genski viri za prehrano in kmetijstvo posebne lastnosti in značilnosti ter da je treba težave v zvezi z njimi reševati na poseben način;
Alarmed by the continuing erosion of these resources;
so vznemirjene zaradi nenehne erozije teh virov;
Cognizant that plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are a common concern of all countries, in that all countries depend very largely on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture that originated elsewhere;
se zavedajo, da so rastlinski genski viri za prehrano in kmetijstvo skupnega pomena za vse države, glede na to, da so vse zelo odvisne od rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo, ki izvirajo od drugod;
Acknowledging that the conservation, exploration, collection, characterization, evaluation and documentation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are essential in meeting the goals of the Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Action and for sustainable agricultural development for this and future generations, and that the capacity of developing countries and countries with economies in transition to undertake such tasks needs urgently to be reinforced;
priznavajo, da so ohranjanje, raziskovanje, zbiranje, ugotavljanje značilnosti, vrednotenje in dokumentiranje rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo bistveni za uresničevanje ciljev Rimske deklaracije o varnosti preskrbe s hrano v svetu in delovnega načrta Svetovnega vrha o prehrani ter za trajnostni razvoj kmetijstva za sedanjo in prihodnje generacije in da je treba nujno povečati sposobnost držav v razvoju in držav z gospodarstvom v prehodu, da prevzamejo take naloge;
Noting that the Global Plan of Action for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture is an internationally agreed framework for such activities;
ugotavljajo, da je Svetovni akcijski načrt za ohranjanje in trajnostno rabo rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo mednarodno sprejet okvir za take dejavnosti;
Acknowledging further that plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are the raw material indispensable for crop genetic improvement, whether by means of farmers&apos; selection, classical plant breeding or modern biotechnologies, and are essential in adapting to unpredictable environmental changes and future human needs;
priznavajo tudi, da so rastlinski genski viri za prehrano in kmetijstvo nepogrešljiva surovina za gensko izboljševanje gojenih rastlin, kar se doseže s selekcijo, ki jo opravljajo kmetje, klasičnim žlahtnjenjem rastlin ali sodobnimi biotehnologijami, in so bistvenega pomena za prilagajanje nepredvidljivim spremembam v okolju ter za prihodnje potrebe človeštva;
Affirming that the past, present and future contributions of farmers in all regions of the world, particularly those in centres of origin and diversity, in conserving, improving and making available these resources, is the basis of Farmers&apos; Rights;
potrjujejo, da so pretekli, sedanji in prihodnji prispevki kmetov iz vseh svetovnih regij, zlasti tistih v središčih izvora in raznovrstnosti, k ohranjanju, izboljševanju in razpoložljivosti teh virov temelj pravic kmetov;
Affirming also that the rights recognized in this Treaty to save, use, exchange and sell farm-saved seed and other propagating material, and to participate in decision-making regarding, and in the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from, the use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, are fundamental to the realization of Farmers&apos; Rights, as well as the promotion of Farmers&apos; Rights at national and international levels;
potrjujejo tudi, da so v tej pogodbi priznane pravice do shranjevanja, uporabe, izmenjave ter prodaje semena in drugega razmnoževalnega materiala, ki ju shranjujejo na kmetiji, do sodelovanja pri sprejemanju odločitev v zvezi z uporabo rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo in do sodelovanja pri pravični in enakopravni delitvi koristi, ki izhajajo iz te uporabe, bistvenega pomena za uresničevanje pravic kmetov kakor tudi uveljavljanje teh pravic na državni in mednarodni ravni;
Recognizing that this Treaty and other international agreements relevant to this Treaty should be mutually supportive with a view to sustainable agriculture and food security;
priznavajo, da se morajo ta pogodba in drugi mednarodni sporazumi, vsebinsko povezani z njo, medsebojno dopolnjevati pri zagotavljanju trajnostnega kmetijstva in varnosti preskrbe s hrano;
Affirming that nothing in this Treaty shall be interpreted as implying in any way a change in the rights and obligations of the Contracting Parties under other international agreements;
potrjujejo, da se nobena določba v tej pogodbi ne razlaga na način, ki bi kakor koli spreminjal pravice in obveznosti pogodbenic iz drugih mednarodnih sporazumov;
Understanding that the above recital is not intended to create a hierarchy between this Treaty and other international agreements;
razumejo, da namen te uvodne izjave ni ustvarjanje hierarhije med to pogodbo in drugimi mednarodnimi sporazumi;
Aware that questions regarding the management of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are at the meeting point between agriculture, the environment and commerce, and convinced that there should be synergy among these sectors;
se zavedajo, da so vprašanja v zvezi z upravljanjem rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo stična točka med kmetijstvom, okoljem in trgovino, in so prepričane, da bi morala med temi področji obstajati sinergija;
Aware of their responsibility to past and future generations to conserve the World&apos;s diversity of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture;
se zavedajo odgovornosti do preteklih in prihodnjih generacij za ohranitev raznovrstnosti rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo v svetu;
Recognizing that, in the exercise of their sovereign rights over their plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, states may mutually benefit from the creation of an effective multilateral system for facilitated access to a negotiated selection of these resources and for the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from their use; and
priznavajo, da lahko imajo države pri uresničevanju suverenih pravic nad rastlinskimi genskimi viri za prehrano in kmetijstvo medsebojne koristi od oblikovanja učinkovitega večstranskega sistema, ki bo omogočil dostop do dogovorjenega izbora teh virov ter pravično in enakopravno delitev koristi, ki izhajajo iz njihove uporabe, in
Desiring to conclude an international agreement within the framework of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, hereinafter referred to as FAO, under Article XIV of the FAO Constitution;
želijo skleniti mednarodni sporazum v okviru Organizacije Združenih narodov za prehrano in kmetijstvo, v nadaljnjem besedilu FAO, v skladu s XIV. členom Statuta FAO,
1.1 The objectives of this Treaty are the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of their use, in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity, for sustainable agriculture and food security.
1.1 Cilji te pogodbe so ohranjanje in trajnostna raba rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo ter pravična in enakopravna delitev koristi, ki izhajajo iz njihove uporabe, v skladu s Konvencijo o biološki raznovrstnosti ter za trajnostno kmetijstvo in varnost preskrbe s hrano.
1.2 These objectives will be attained by closely linking this Treaty to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and to the Convention on Biological Diversity.
1.2 Ti cilji bodo uresničeni s tesno povezanostjo te pogodbe z Organizacijo Združenih narodov za prehrano in kmetijstvo ter Konvencijo o biološki raznovrstnosti.
For the purpose of this Treaty, the following terms shall have the meanings hereunder assigned to them.
V tej pogodbi imajo izrazi pomen, kot je določen v tem členu.
These definitions are not intended to cover trade in commodities:
Ti izrazi se ne uporabljajo za trgovino z izdelki:
“In situ conservation” means the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats and the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural surroundings and, in the case of domesticated or cultivated plant species, in the surroundings where they have developed their distinctive properties.
»ohranjanje in situ« pomeni ohranjanje ekosistemov in naravnih habitatov ter vzdrževanje in obnavljanje populacij vrst, sposobnih za preživetje, v njihovem naravnem okolju, za gojene ali kultivirane rastlinske vrste pa v okolju, v katerem so razvile svoje posebne lastnosti;
“Ex situ conservation” means the conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture outside their natural habitat.
»ohranjanje ex situ« pomeni ohranjanje rastlinskih genskih virov za prehrano in kmetijstvo zunaj njihovega naravnega habitata;
“Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture” means any genetic material of plant origin of actual or potential value for food and agriculture.
»rastlinski genski viri za prehrano in kmetijstvo« pomenijo kakršen koli genski material rastlinskega izvora, ki ima dejansko ali potencialno vrednost za prehrano in kmetijstvo;
“Genetic material” means any material of plant origin, including reproductive and vegetative propagating material, containing functional units of heredity.
»genski material« pomeni kakršen koli material rastlinskega izvora, vključno z razmnoževalnim materialom in materialom za vegetativno razmnoževanje, ki vsebuje funkcionalne enote dednosti;