natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Simple geometric devices such as circles, lines, rectangles or common pentagons are unable to convey any message that can be remembered by consumers and will accordingly not be seen by them as a trade mark.
Enostavni geometrijski liki, kot so krogi, črte, pravokotniki ali navadni peterokotniki, ne morejo izraziti nobenega sporočila, ki bi si ga lahko potrošniki zapomnili, zato ga ti ne zaznajo kot znamko.
As set out by the Court, an extremely simple sign, composed of a basic geometric figure such as a circle, a line, a rectangle or a pentagon is not capable, as such, of conveying a message that consumers can remember, with the result that they will not consider it as a trade mark (12/09/2007, T304/05, Pentagon, EU:T:2012:271, § 22).
Kot je navedlo Sodišče, zelo enostaven znak, sestavljen iz osnovnega geometrijskega lika, kot je krog, črta, pravokotnik ali peterokotnik, kot tak ne more izraziti sporočila, ki bi si ga lahko potrošniki zapomnili, zato ga ti ne bodo zaznali kot znamko (12/09/2007, T304/05, Pentagon, EU:T:2012:271, § 22).
Examples of refused trade marks
Primeri zavrnjenih znamk
Example of an accepted trade mark
Primer sprejete znamke
Further examples of simple figurative elements (combined with non-distinctive/descriptive terms) can be found in the Guidelines, Part B, Examination, Section 4, Absolute Grounds for Refusal, Chapter 4, Descriptive Trade Marks (Article 7(1)(c) EUTMR).
Več primerov enostavnih figurativnih elementov (v povezavi z nerazlikovalnimi/opisnimi izrazi) je na voljo v Smernicah, del B: Preizkušanje, razdelek 4: Absolutni razlogi za zavrnitev, poglavje 4: Opisne blagovne znamke (člen 7(1)(c) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU).
7 Commonplace Figurative Elements
Običajni figurativni elementi
In some cases, the figurative element consists of a representation of the goods and services for which the trade mark is protected.
V nekaterih primerih figurativni element vsebuje predstavitev blaga in storitev z zaščiteno blagovno znamko.
In principle, the said representation is considered to be descriptive and/or devoid of distinctive character whenever it is a true-to-life portrayal of the goods and services or when it consists of a symbolic/stylised portrayal of the goods and services that does not depart significantly from the common representation of the said goods and services.
Navedena predstavitev je načeloma opisna in/ali brez razlikovalnega učinka, kadar je zvesta predstavitev blaga in storitev ali vsebuje simboličen/stiliziran prikaz blaga in storitev, ki se ne razlikuje znatno od običajne predstavitve istega blaga in storitev.
In other cases, the figurative element might not represent the goods and services but might still have a direct link with the characteristics of the goods and/or services.
V drugih primerih figurativni element, ki ne predstavlja blaga in storitev, vendar je lahko neposredno povezan z njihovimi značilnostmi, ne zadostuje za razlikovalni učinek znaka, razen če je dovolj stiliziran.
In such cases, the sign will be considered non-distinctive, unless it is sufficiently stylised.
Naslednja predstavitev lista vinske trte nima razlikovalnega učinka za vino:
The following representation of a vine leaf is not distinctive for wine:
Podobno, tudi naslednja predstavitev krave nima razlikovalnega učinka za mlečne izdelke:
Similarly, the following representation of a cow for milk products is not distinctive:
Blagovna znamka EU št.
EUTM No 11 345 998, claiming Classes 29 (milk and milk products, etc.) and 35.
11 345 998, za katero je vložena prijava za razreda 29 (mleko in mlečni izdelki itd.) in 35.
The above sign was refused, as representations of cows are commonly used in relation to milk and milk products.
Zgornji znak je bil zavrnjen, ker se predstavitve krav običajno uporabljajo v povezavi z mlekom in mlečnimi izdelki.
The fact that the subject mark consists of an ‘aerial' picture of a cow is not sufficient to confer distinctive character on the sign, as slight alterations to a commonplace sign will not make that sign distinctive.
Dejstvo, da je zadevna znamka sestavljena iz slike krave s ptičje perspektive, ne zadostuje za to, da ima znak razlikovalni učinek, ker majhne spremembe običajnega znaka ne zagotavljajo razlikovalnega učinka tega znaka.
The same reasoning would be applicable also to related goods such as milk chocolate.
Enaka obrazložitev bi se lahko uporabila tudi za povezano blago, kot je mlečna čokolada.
Further examples of common figurative elements (combined with non-distinctive/descriptive terms) can be found in the Guidelines, Part B, Examination, Section 4, Absolute Grounds for Refusal, Chapter 4, Descriptive Trade Marks (Article 7(1)(c) EUTMR).
Več primerov običajnih figurativnih elementov (v povezavi z nerazlikovalnimi/opisnimi izrazi) je na voljo v Smernicah, del B: Preizkušanje, razdelek 4: Absolutni razlogi za zavrnitev, poglavje 4: Opisne blagovne znamke (člen 7(1)(c) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU).
Typographical symbols such as a full stop, comma, semicolon, quotation mark or exclamation mark will not be considered by the public as an indication of origin.
Javnost tipografskih simbolov, kot so pika, vejica, podpičje, narekovaj ali klicaj, ne bo zaznala kot označbe izvora.
Consumers will perceive them as a sign meant to catch the consumer's attention but not as a sign that indicates commercial origin.
Potrošniki jih bodo zaznali kot znak, ki naj bi pritegnil njihovo pozornost, ne pa kot znak, ki izraža trgovski izvor.
A similar reasoning applies to common currency symbols, such as the €, £, $ signs; depending on the goods concerned, these signs will only inform consumers that a specific product or service is traded in that currency.
Podobna obrazložitev velja za običajne simbole valut, kot so znaki €, £, $; ti znaki glede na zadevno blago zgolj obveščajo potrošnike, da se proizvod ali storitev prodaja v navedeni valuti.
Examples of refused trade marks
Primeri zavrnjenih blagovnih znamk
Pictograms are basic and unornamented signs and symbols that will be interpreted as having purely informational or instructional value in relation to the goods or services concerned.
Piktogrami so osnovni in neokrašeni znaki in simboli, za katere se šteje, da imajo izključno informativno in poučno vrednost v odnosu do zadevnega blaga ali storitev.
Examples would be signs that indicate mode of use (like a picture of a telephone in relation to pizza delivery services) or that convey a universally understandable message (like a knife and fork in relation to the provision of food).
To so na primer znaki, ki kažejo način uporabe (kot je slika telefona v povezavi s storitvami dostave pic) ali izražajo splošno razumljivo sporočilo (kot so vilice in nož v povezavi z nudenjem hrane).
Commonly used pictograms, for example, a white ‘P' on a blue background to designate a parking place (this sign could also be objectionable under Article 7(1)(d) EUTMR) or the design of an ice cream to designate that ice cream is sold in the vicinity, are not distinctive in relation to the goods or services in respect of which they are used.
Splošno uporabljeni piktogrami, na primer bela črka „P“ na modrem ozadju za označevanje parkirišča (ta znak je lahko sporen tudi na podlagi člena 7(1)(d) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU) ali slika sladoleda, ki kaže, da se v bližini prodaja sladoled, nimajo razlikovalnega učinka za blago ali storitve, za katere se uporabljajo.
Moreover, if the pictogram immediately conveys information about the kind, quality, intended purpose or other characteristics of the goods or services, it will also be objectionable under Article 7(1)(c) EUTMR (20/07/02016, R 2345/20154, PICTOGRAM OF A DROP OF LIQUID AND OF THREE DIRECTIONAL ARROWS (fig.)).
Če piktogram neposredno izraža informacije o vrsti, kakovosti, predvidenem namenu ali drugih lastnostih blaga ali storitev, je sporen tudi na podlagi člena 7(1)(c) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU (20/07/02016, R 2345/20154, PICTOGRAM OF A DROP OF LIQUID AND OF THREE DIRECTIONAL ARROWS (fig.)).
Example of accepted trade marks
Primer sprejetih blagovnih znamk
10 Common/Non-Distinctive Labels
Splošno uporabljene etikete, ki nimajo razlikovalnega učinka
A figurative sign may be composed of shapes, designs or figures that will be perceived by the relevant public as non-distinctive labels.
Figurativni znak lahko sestavljajo oblike, modeli ali liki, ki jih upoštevna javnost zazna kot etikete brez razlikovalnega učinka.
In this case, the reason for the refusal lies in the fact that such figurative elements are not capable of impressing themselves on the consumer's mind, since they are too simple and/or commonly used in connection with the goods/services for which protection is sought.
V tem primeru razlog za zavrnitev izhaja iz dejstva, da si potrošniki ne morejo zapomniti takšnih figurativnih elementov, ker so preveč enostavni in/ali splošno uporabljeni v povezavi z zadevnim blagom/storitvami, za katere se zahteva varstvo.
See the following examples:
Glej naslednje primere:
In the same way, the following marks were rejected.
Enako so bile zavrnjene naslednje znamke.
In the three preceding cases, both the colour and the shape of the labels are quite commonplace.
V zgornjih treh primerih sta barva in oblika etiket precej običajni.
The same reasoning applies to the stylised representation of the fruits in the last of the three cases.
Enaka obrazložitev velja za stilizirano predstavitev sadja v zadnjem od treh primerov.
Furthermore, the said figurative element represents or at least strongly alludes to the ingredients of some of the claimed goods, such as, for example, fruit juices.
Poleg tega navedeni figurativni element predstavlja sestavine nekaterih vrst zadevnega blaga, kot so na primer sadni sokovi, ali vsaj močno namiguje nanje.
11 Shape Marks
Oblikovne znamke
11.1 Preliminary remarks
Uvodne pripombe
Article 3(3)(c) EUTMIR defines shape marks as trade marks consisting of, or extending to, a three-dimensional shape, including containers, packaging, the product itself or their appearance.
Člen 3(3)(c) Izvedbene uredbe opredeljuje oblikovne znamke kot blagovne znamke, ki so sestavljene iz tridimenzionalne oblike ali jo zajemajo, vključno s posodo, embalažo, samim proizvodom ali njegovim videzom.
The term ‘extending to' means that these marks cover not only shapes per se but also shapes that contain word or figurative elements such as logos or labels.
Izraz „jo zajemajo“ pomeni, da te znamke ne zajemajo le oblik kot takih, temveč tudi oblike, ki vsebujejo besedne ali figurativne elemente, kot so logotipi ali etikete.
Article 7(1)(b) EUTMR does not distinguish between different categories of trade marks in determining whether a trade mark is capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings (05/03/2003, T194/01, Soap device, EU:T:2003:53, § 44).
Člen 7(1)(b) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU ne razlikuje med različnimi kategorijami blagovnih znamk pri ugotavljanju, ali se lahko blago ali storitve nekega podjetja na podlagi blagovne znamke razlikujejo od blaga ali storitev drugih podjetij (05/03/2003, T194/01, Soap device, EU:T:2003:53, § 44).
In applying this uniform legal standard to different trade marks and categories of trade marks, a distinction must be made depending on consumer perception and market conditions.
Pri uporabi tega enotnega pravnega standarda za različne blagovne znamke in kategorije blagovnih znamk mora razlikovanje temeljiti na zaznavanju potrošnikov in tržnih pogojih.
For signs consisting of the shape of the goods themselves, no stricter criteria apply than for other marks, but it may be more difficult to come to a finding of distinctiveness, as such marks will not necessarily be perceived by the relevant public in the same way as a word or figurative mark (07/10/2004, C136/02 P, Torches, EU:C:2004:592, § 30).
Pri znakih, ki so sestavljeni iz oblike samega blaga, se ne uporabijo strožja merila od tistih, ki se uporabljajo za druge znamke, vendar je morda težje dokazovati razlikovalni učinek, ker upoštevna javnost takšne znamke ne bo nujno zaznala enako kot besedne ali figurativne (07/10/2004, C136/02 P, Torches, EU:C:2004:592, § 30).
Shape marks can be grouped into three categories:
Oblikovne znamke je mogoče razvrstiti v tri kategorije:
shapes unrelated to the goods and services themselves
oblike, ki niso povezane z blagom in storitvami,
shapes that consist of the shape of the goods themselves or part of the goods
oblike, ki so sestavljene iz oblike blaga ali dela blaga,
the shape of packaging or containers.
oblike embalaže ali posode.
11.2 Shapes unrelated to the goods or services themselves
Oblike, ki niso povezane z blagom ali storitvami
11.3 Shape of the goods themselves or shapes related to the goods or services
Oblika blaga ali oblike, povezane z blagom ali storitvami
The case-law developed for three-dimensional marks that consist of the representation of the shape of the product itself is also relevant for figurative marks consisting of two-dimensional representations of the product or elements of it (14/09/2009, T152/07, Uhr, EU:T:2009:324; 04/05/2017, C417/16 P, DEVICE OF A SQUARE-SHAPED PACKAGING (fig.), EU:C:2017:340).
Sodna praksa v zvezi s tridimenzionalnimi znamkami, ki so sestavljene iz reprodukcije oblike samega proizvoda, je pomembna tudi za figurativne znamke, ki jih sestavljajo dvodimenzionalne reprodukcije proizvoda ali njegovih elementov (14/09/2009, T152/07, Uhr, EU:T:2009:324; 04/05/2017, C417/16 P, DEVICE OF A SQUARE-SHAPED PACKAGING (fig.), EU:C:2017:340).
For a shape that is the shape or packaging of the goods applied for, the examination should be conducted in the three following steps.
Pri obliki, ki je oblika ali embalaža blaga, za katero je vložena prijava, je treba preizkus izvesti v naslednjih treh korakih:
Step 1: Article 7(1)(e) EUTMR analysis
Prvi korak: analiza na podlagi člena 7(1)(e) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU
The examiner should first examine whether one of the grounds for refusal under Article 7(1)(e) EUTMR applies, as those cannot be overcome through acquired distinctiveness.
Preizkuševalec mora najprej preizkusiti, ali velja kateri od razlogov za zavrnitev na podlagi člena 7(1)(e) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU, ker teh razlogov ni mogoče odpraviti na podlagi pridobljenega razlikovalnega učinka.
With regard to this first step, see the Guidelines, Part B, Examination, Section 4, Absolute Grounds for Refusal, Chapter 6: Shapes or Other Characteristics with an Essentially Technical Function, Substantial Value or Resulting from the Nature of the Goods (Article 7(1)(e) EUTMR).
Več informacij o tem koraku je na voljo v Smernicah, del B: Preizkušanje, razdelek 4: Absolutni razlogi za zavrnitev, poglavje 6: Oblike ali druge značilnosti, ki ustrezajo bistveni tehnični funkciji, dajo bistveno estetsko vrednost ali izhajajo iz narave blaga (člen 7(1)(e) Uredbe o blagovni znamki EU).
Step 2: identifying the elements of the shape mark
Drugi korak: opredelitev elementov oblikovne znamke
In the second step, the examiner should assess whether the representation of the shape mark extends to other elements, such as words or labels that might give the trade mark distinctive character.
V drugem koraku mora preizkuševalec presoditi, ali predstavitev oblikovne znamke zajema druge elemente, kot so besede ali etikete, ki bi lahko znamki dale razlikovalni učinek.
As a general principle, any element that on its own is distinctive will lend the shape trade mark distinctive character as long as it is perceivable in the normal use of the product and is sufficient to render the mark registrable.
Načeloma vsak element, ki ima razlikovalni učinek, ta učinek daje tudi oblikovni znamki, če ga je mogoče zaznati pri običajni uporabi proizvoda in zadostuje za registracijo znamke.
Typical examples are words or figurative elements or a combination of these that appear on the exterior of the shape and remain clearly visible, such as labels on bottles.
Značilni primeri so besede ali figurativni elementi ali kombinacija teh besed in elementov, ki so predstavljeni na zunanji strani oblike in so jasno vidni, kot so etikete na steklenicah.
Consequently, even the standard shape of a product can be registered as a shape trade mark if a distinctive word mark or label appears on it.
Zato se lahko celo standardna oblika proizvoda registrira kot oblikovna blagovna znamka, če je na njej prikazana besedna znamka ali etiketa z razlikovalnim učinkom.
However, non-distinctive elements or descriptive elements combined with a standard shape will not confer distinctiveness on that shape (18/01/2013, T137/12, Vibrator, EU:T:2013:26, § 34-36).
Nerazlikovalni elementi ali opisni elementi v povezavi s standardno obliko nimajo razlikovalnega učinka za to obliko (18/01/2013, T137/12, Vibrator, EU:T:2013:26, § 3436).
Step 3: Criteria for distinctiveness of the shape itself
Tretji korak: merila za razlikovalni učinek oblike
Lastly, the criteria for distinctiveness of the shape itself must be checked.
Nazadnje je treba preveriti še merila za razlikovalni učinek oblike.
The basic test is whether the shape is so materially different from basic, common or expected shapes that it enables a consumer to identify the goods just by their shape and to buy the same item again if he or she has had positive experiences with the goods.
Osnovni preizkus je, ali se oblika tako pomembno razlikuje od osnovnih, običajnih ali pričakovanih oblik, da lahko potrošnik blago prepozna samo po njegovi obliki in tako znova kupi enako blago, če je imel z njim pozitivne izkušnje.
Frozen vegetables in the form of a crocodile are a good example of this.
Dober primer je zamrznjena zelenjava v obliki krokodila.
The following criteria are relevant when examining the distinctiveness of shape trade marks consisting exclusively of the shape of the goods themselves.
Naslednja merila so pomembna pri preizkušanju razlikovalnega učinka oblikovnih znamk, ki so sestavljene samo iz oblike blaga.
A shape is non-distinctive if it is a basic shape (19/09/2001, T30/00, red-white squared washing tablet (fig.), EU:T:2001:223) or a combination of basic shapes (13/04/2000, R 263/19993, Tönnchen (3D)).
Oblika nima razlikovalnega učinka, če je osnovna oblika (19/09/2001, T30/00, red-white squared washing tablet (fig.), EU:T:2001:223) ali kombinacija osnovnih oblik (13/04/2000, R 263/19993, Tönnchen (3D).
To be distinctive, the shape must depart significantly from the shape that is expected by the consumer, and it must depart significantly from the norm or customs of the sector.
Da bi imela oblika razlikovalni učinek, se mora pomembno razlikovati od oblike, ki jo potrošnik pričakuje, in pomembno odstopati od standarda ali navad v sektorju.
The more closely the shape resembles the shape that is most likely to be taken by the product in question, the greater the likelihood that it is not distinctive (07/10/2004, C136/02 P, Torches, EU:C:2004:592, § 31).
Bolj ko se prijavljena oblika približuje obliki, v kateri se zadevni proizvod najverjetneje pojavlja, toliko verjetneje je, da navedena oblika nima razlikovalnega učinka (07/10/2004, C136/02 P, Torches, EU:C:2004:592, § 31).
It is not enough for the shape to be just a variant of a common shape or a variant of a number of shapes in an area where there is a huge diversity of designs (07/10/2004, C136/02 P, Torches, EU:C:2004:592, § 32; 07/02/2002, T88/00, Torches, EU:T:2002:28, § 37).
Ni dovolj, če je oblika samo različica običajne oblike ali različica več oblik na področju, kjer obstaja veliko različnih modelov (07/10/2004, C136/02 P, Torches, EU:C:2004:592, § 32; 07/02/2002, T88/00, Torches, EU:T:2002:28, § 37).
Functional shapes or features of a shape mark will be perceived by the consumer as such.
Potrošnik bo funkcionalne oblike ali lastnosti oblikovne znamke zaznal kot take.
For example, for washing tablets, bevelled edges avoid damage to laundry, and layers of different colours represent the presence of different active ingredients.
Na primer, zaobljeni robovi pri tabletah za pranje ne poškodujejo perila, plasti različnih barv pa pomenijo prisotnost različnih aktivih sestavin.
While the public is accustomed to recognising a shape mark as an indicator of source, this is not necessarily the case where the three-dimensional sign is indistinguishable from the product itself.
Čeprav javnost oblikovno znamko običajno prepozna kot označbo izvora, se to ne zgodi vedno, če se tridimenzionalni znak ne razlikuje od proizvoda.
Consequently, an assessment of distinctive character cannot result in different outcomes for a shape mark consisting of the design of the product itself and for a figurative mark consisting of a faithful representation of the same product (19/09/2001, T30/00, red-white squared washing tablet (fig.), EU:T:2001:223, § 49).
Zato presoja razlikovalnega učinka ne more imeti drugačnega izida v primeru oblikovne znamke, ki prikazuje sam proizvod, in v primeru figurativne znamke, ki resnično prikazuje isti proizvod (19/09/2001, T30/00, red-white squared washing tablet (fig.), EU:T:2001:223, § 49).
Specific case: toys, dolls and play figures
Poseben primer: igrače, punčke in igralne figurice
Applications for shape marks in respect of toys, dolls and play figures in Class 28, or for figurative marks consisting of a faithful representation of such goods, must be assessed in the same way as for other shape marks.
O prijavah za oblikovne znamke v zvezi z igračami, punčkami in igralnimi figuricami iz razreda 28 ali za figurativne znamke, ki resnično prikazujejo to blago, je treba presojati enako kot o drugih oblikovnih znamkah.
To be distinctive, the shape must depart significantly from the shape that is expected by the consumer.
Da bi imela oblika razlikovalni učinek, se mora pomembno razlikovati od oblike, ki jo pričakuje potrošnik.
In other words, it must depart significantly from the norm or customs of the sector so that it enables a consumer to identify the goods just by their shape.
Z drugimi besedami, oblika mora pomembno odstopati od standarda ali navad v sektorju, da lahko potrošnik blago prepozna samo po njegovi obliki.
This may be complicated by the sheer volume and proliferation of toy animals, figures, dolls and assorted characters in this market sector.
To je lahko zapleteno zaradi velikega obsega in širjenja igrač v obliki živali, figuric, punčk in izbranih likov v tem tržnem sektorju.
Simply adding a basic set of clothing or basic human characteristics such as eyes or a mouth to a common plush toy such as a rabbit or a cat will generally not suffice.
Dodajanje osnovnih oblačil ali človeških značilnosti, kot so oči ali usta, običajni plišasti igrači, kot je zajec ali mačka, na splošno ni dovolj.
It is commonplace to present toy dolls and animals in clothing and to provide a separate range of clothing options, so that the user of such goods can change the appearance of the toy.
Običajno je prikazovati punčke in živali v oblačilih ter zagotoviti ločen nabor oblačil, da lahko uporabnik tega blaga spremeni videz igrače.
It is also common to humanise the toys to make them more attractive.
Običajno je tudi počlovečiti igrače, da so privlačnejše.
Within such a high-volume marketplace, the presentation of these goods in such a way will invariably leave the relevant consumer struggling, without prior exposure, to perceive a badge of origin in such marks.
Na trgu s tako velikim obsegom bo upoštevni potrošnik zaradi predstavitve blaga na tak način brez predhodne izpostavljenosti vedno s težavo zaznal označbo izvora v takih znamkah.
The more basic the character, the more unusual the additional elements must be in order to create a whole that serves to ensure that the relevant public is able to distinguish the applicant's goods from similar goods provided by other undertakings.
Bolj ko je znak običajen, bolj neobičajni morajo biti dodatni elementi, da se ustvari celota, s katero se zagotovi, da upoštevna javnost lahko razlikuje blago prijavitelja od podobnega blaga drugih podjetij.
The final conclusion must be based on the appearance of the sign as a whole.
Končna odločitev mora temeljiti na videzu znaka kot celote.
The following is a list of examples of shapes of goods for which protection has been sought and an analysis of them.
Sledijo primeri oblik blaga, za katere se zahteva varstvo, in njihove analize:
Rejected product shapes
Zavrnjene oblike proizvodov
Accepted product shapes
Sprejete oblike proizvodov