natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
If the scope of such goods and services is narrower than those for which the mark is registered, a situation of partial reputation arises, similar to the one where the mark is registered for a variety of goods, but has acquired a reputation only for part of them.
Če je obseg takega blaga in storitev ožji od tistega, za katerega je znamka registrirana, je posledica tega delni ugled, kar je podobno kot v primeru, kadar je znamka registrirana za raznovrstno blago, vendar je pridobila ugled samo za del tega blaga.
This means that, in such a case, only the goods and services for which the mark has actually been used and acquired a reputation will be taken into account for the purposes of the examination.
To pomeni, da se v takem primeru za preizkušanje upoštevajo samo blago in storitve, za katere se je znamka dejansko uporabljala in v zvezi s katerimi je pridobila ugled.
Therefore, a very substantial market share, or a leader position in the market, will usually be a strong indication of reputation, especially if combined with a reasonably high degree of trade mark awareness.
Zato je zelo znaten tržni delež ali vodilni položaj na trgu navadno dober znak ugleda, zlasti skupaj z ustrezno visoko stopnjo poznavanja znamke.
Conversely, a small market share will in most cases be an indication against reputation, unless there are other factors that suffice on their own to support such a claim.
Nasprotno pa je majhen tržni delež v večini primerov znak pomanjkanja ugleda, razen če ne obstajajo drugi dejavniki, ki že sami zadostujejo za potrditev take trditve.
Another reason why a moderate market share will not always be conclusive against reputation is that the percentage of the public that in reality knows the mark may be much higher than the number of actual buyers of the relevant goods.
Naslednji razlog, zakaj zmerni tržni delež ni vedno odločilen za ugotovitev pomanjkanja ugleda, je, da je lahko odstotek javnosti, ki resnično pozna znamko, veliko višji od števila dejanskih kupcev zadevnega blaga.
This would be the case, for example, for goods that are normally used by more than one user (e.g. family magazines or newspapers) (06/07/2012, T60/10, Royal Shakespeare, EU:T:2012:348, § 35-36; 10/05/2007, T47/06, Nasdaq, EU:T:2007:131, § 47, 51) or for luxury goods, which many may know, but few can buy (e.g. a high percentage of European consumers know the trade mark ‘Ferrari' for cars, but only few own one).
To na primer velja za blago, ki ga navadno uporablja več kot en uporabnik (npr. družinske revije ali časopisi) (06/07/2012, T60/10, Royal Shakespeare, EU:T:2012:348, § 35-36; 10/05/2007, T47/06, Nasdaq, EU:T:2007:131, § 47, 51), ali luksuzno blago, ki ga lahko poznajo mnogi, le redki pa ga lahko kupijo (npr. velik odstotek evropskih potrošnikov pozna znamko avtomobilov „Ferrari“, le redki pa jih imajo v lasti).
For this reason, the market share proved by the evidence should be assessed taking into account the particularities of the specific market.
Zato je treba tržni delež na podlagi dokazov presoditi ob upoštevanju posebnosti specifičnega trga.
In certain cases it will not be easy to define the market share of the earlier mark, for example when the exact size of the relevant market cannot be measured accurately, owing to peculiarities of the goods or services concerned.
V nekaterih primerih ni lahko opredeliti tržnega deleža prejšnje znamke, kadar na primer ni mogoče natančno izmeriti velikosti upoštevnega trga zaradi posebnosti zadevnega blaga ali storitev.
In such cases, other similar indications may be relevant, such as TV audience ratings, as in the case of motor racing and other sporting or cultural events.
V takih primerih so lahko pomembni drugi podobni znaki, na primer ocene televizijskega občinstva v primeru motociklističnih dirk in drugih športnih ali kulturnih dogodkov.
3.1.3.3 Intensity of use
Intenzivnost uporabe
The intensity of use of a mark may be demonstrated by sales volumes (i.e. the number of units sold) and turnover (i.e. the total value of those sales) attained by the opponent for goods bearing the mark.
Intenzivnost uporabe znamke se lahko dokaže z obsegom prodaje (tj. številom prodanih enot) in prometom (tj. skupno vrednostjo te prodaje), ki ju je dosegel vložnik ugovora v zvezi z blagom, ki ga označuje znamka.
Usually, the relevant figures correspond to sales in 1 year, but there may be cases where the time unit used is different.
Ustrezni podatki se navadno nanašajo na prodajo v enem letu, vendar pa lahko obstajajo primeri, kjer je časovna enota drugačna.
In evaluating the importance of a given turnover or sales volume, account should be taken of how large the relevant market is in terms of population, as this has a bearing on the number of potential purchasers of the products in question.
Pri ovrednotenju pomena prometa ali obsega prodaje je treba upoštevati, kako velik je upoštevni trg glede na prebivalstvo, saj to vpliva na število morebitnih kupcev zadevnih izdelkov.
For example, the relative value of the same number of sales will be much bigger, for example, in Luxembourg than in Germany.
Na primer, relativna vrednost istega obsega prodaje bo veliko večja v Luksemburgu kot v Nemčiji.
Moreover, whether or not a given sales volume or turnover is substantial will depend on the kind of product concerned.
Ali sta obseg prodaje in promet dovolj znatna, je poleg tega odvisno od vrste zadevnega izdelka.
For example, it is much easier to achieve a high sales volume for everyday mass consumption goods than for luxury or durable products that are bought rarely, without this meaning that in the former case more consumers have come into contact with the mark, as it is likely that the same person has bought the same product more than once.
Na primer, veliko lažje je doseči velik obseg prodaje vsakdanjega blaga za široko porabo kot luksuznih ali trajnih izdelkov, ki se redko kupujejo, pri čemer to ne pomeni, da je v prvem primeru več potrošnikov prišlo v stik z znamko, saj je verjetno ista oseba večkrat kupila enak izdelek.
It follows that the kind, value and durability of the goods and services in question should be taken into consideration in determining the significance of a given sales volume or turnover.
Iz tega sledi, da je treba pri ugotavljanju pomembnosti obsega prodaje ali prometa upoštevati vrsto, vrednost in trajnost zadevnega blaga in storitev.
Turnover and sales figures will be more useful as indirect indications, to be assessed in conjunction with the rest of the evidence, than as direct proof of reputation.
Podatki o prometu in prodaji so koristnejši, če se uporabijo kot posredni znaki, ki jih je treba presojati skupaj z ostalimi dokazi, in ne kot neposreden dokaz o ugledu.
In particular, such indications can be especially helpful for completing the information given by percentages as regards market share and awareness, by giving a more realistic impression of the market.
Taki znaki so lahko koristni zlasti za dopolnitev informacij, razvidnih iz odstotkov, v zvezi s tržnim deležem in poznanostjo, saj prikazujejo realnejšo podobo trga.
For example, they may reveal a very large amount of sales behind a not-so-impressive market share, which may be useful in assessing reputation in the case of competitive markets, where it is in general more difficult for a single brand to account for a substantial portion of the overall sales.
Razkrijejo lahko na primer zelo velik obseg prodaje, kljub ne tako velikemu tržnemu deležu, kar je lahko koristno pri presoji ugleda na konkurenčnih trgih, kjer ena sama znamka navadno težje doseže znaten delež celotne prodaje.
By contrast, where the market share of the products for which the mark is used is not given separately, it will not be possible to determine whether a given turnover corresponds to a substantial presence in the market or not, unless the opponent also submits evidence showing the overall size of the relevant market in monetary terms, so that the opponent's percentage of the market can be inferred.
Kadar pa tržni delež izdelkov, za katere se uporablja znamka, v nasprotju s tem ni naveden ločeno, ni mogoče opredeliti, ali promet ustreza znatni navzočnosti na trgu, razen če vložnik ugovora ne predloži tudi dokazov o velikosti celotnega upoštevnega trga v denarnem smislu, tako da je mogoče iz tega povzeti ustrezen odstotek vložnika ugovora.
This does not mean that the importance of turnover figures or volume of sales should be underestimated, as both are significant indications of the number of consumers that are expected to have encountered the mark.
To ne pomeni, da se lahko podcenjuje pomen podatkov o prometu ali prodaji, saj so oboji pomembni kazalniki števila potrošnikov, za katere se pričakuje, da so bili v stiku z znamko.
Therefore, it cannot be excluded that a substantial amount of turnover or sales volume may, in certain cases, be decisive for a finding of reputation, either alone, or in conjunction with very little other evidence.
Zato ni mogoče izključiti, da je lahko znaten obseg prometa ali prodaje v nekaterih primerih odločilen za ugotavljanje ugleda, bodisi sam bodisi skupaj z omejenim številom drugih dokazov.
However, as this would deviate from the rule that reputation has to be evaluated by making an overall assessment of all factors relevant to the case, findings of reputation based almost exclusively on such figures should be generally avoided, or at least confined to exceptional cases in which such a finding would really be justified.
Ker bi to odstopalo od pravila, da je treba ugled presoditi s skupno oceno vseh dejavnikov, pomembnih za posamezen primer, se je treba na splošno izogibati ugotovitvam glede ugleda, ki temeljijo skoraj izključno na takih podatkih, ali jih vsaj omejiti na izjemne primere, v katerih bi bila taka ugotovitev resnično utemeljena.
3.1.3.4 Geographical extent of use
Geografski obseg uporabe
Indications of the territorial extent of use are mainly useful for determining whether the alleged reputation is widespread enough to cover a substantial part of the relevant territory, within the sense given in paragraph 3.1 above.
Podatki o ozemeljskem obsegu uporabe so koristni predvsem pri ugotavljanju, ali je domnevni ugled dovolj razširjen, da zajema znaten del upoštevnega ozemlja v smislu odstavka 3.1 zgoraj.
In this assessment, account should be taken of the population density in the areas concerned, as the critical criterion is the proportion of consumers knowing the mark, rather than the size of the geographical area as such.
Pri tej presoji je treba upoštevati gostoto prebivalstva na zadevnih območjih, saj je kritično merilo delež potrošnikov, ki poznajo znamko, in ne velikost geografskega območja kot takega.
Similarly, what is important is public awareness of the mark rather than availability of the goods or services.
Podobno je pomembna poznanost znamke v javnosti, in ne razpoložljivost blaga ali storitev.
A mark may, therefore, have a territorially widespread reputation on the basis of advertising, promotion, media reports, etc.
Znamka lahko ima torej razširjen ugled na nekem ozemlju zaradi oglaševanja, promocije, poročanja v medijih itd.
In general, the more widespread the use, the easier it will be to conclude that the mark has passed the required threshold, whereas any indication showing use beyond a substantial part of the relevant territory will be a positive indicator of reputation.
Čim bolj je uporaba razširjena, tem lažje je ugotoviti, da je znamka presegla zahtevani prag, vsi podatki, da uporaba presega meje znatnega dela upoštevnega ozemlja, pa so pozitiven kazalnik ugleda.
Conversely, a very limited amount of use in the relevant territory will be a strong indication against reputation, as for example where the vast majority of the goods are exported to a third jurisdiction in sealed containers directly from their place of production.
Nasprotno je zelo omejena uporaba na upoštevnem ozemlju pomemben znak pomanjkanja ugleda, kadar se na primer velika večina blaga izvozi iz kraja izdelave neposredno v tretjo državo v zapečatenih kontejnerjih.
However, evidence of actual use in the relevant territory should not be regarded as a necessary condition for the acquisition of reputation, as what matters most is knowledge of the mark and not how it was acquired.
Vendar se dokazi o dejanski uporabi na upoštevnem ozemlju ne smejo obravnavati kot nujni pogoj za pridobitev ugleda, saj je najpomembnejša poznanost znamke, in ne to, kako je bila dosežena.
Such knowledge may be generated by, for example, intensive advertising prior to the launching of a new product or, in the case of high levels of cross-border shopping, it may be fuelled by a significant price difference in the respective markets, a phenomenon often referred to as ‘territorial spill-over' of reputation from one territory to another.
Taka poznanost je lahko na primer posledica intenzivnega oglaševanja pred dajanjem novega izdelka na trg, v primeru obsežnega čezmejnega nakupovanja pa jo lahko spodbudi pomembna cenovna razlika na zadevnih trgih, tj. pojav, ki se pogosto imenuje „ozemeljska razširitev“ ugleda z enega ozemlja na drugo.
However, when it is claimed that such circumstances have occurred, the corresponding evidence must demonstrate this.
Kadar pa se trdi, da so nastale takšne okoliščine, je treba to potrditi z ustreznimi dokazi.
For example, it cannot be assumed, merely because of the principle of free trade in the European Union, that goods put on the market in Member State X have also penetrated the market of Member State Y in significant quantities.
Na primer, samo zaradi načela proste trgovine v Evropski uniji ni mogoče sklepati, da je blago, dano na trg v državi članici X, v velikih količinah prodrlo tudi na trg države članice Y.
Indications of the duration of use are particularly useful for determining the longevity of the mark.
Podatki o trajanju uporabe so zlasti koristni za opredelitev življenjske dobe znamke.
The longer the mark has been used in the market, the larger will be the number of consumers that are likely to have encountered it, and the more likely it is that such consumers will have encountered the mark more than once.
Dlje, kot se znamka uporablja na trgu, večje je število potrošnikov, ki bi lahko prišli v stik z njo, in večja je verjetnost, da so taki potrošniki prišli v stik z njo več kot enkrat.
For example, a market presence of 45, 50 or 100-plus years is considered a strong indication of reputation.
Na primer, 45-, 50- ali več kot 100-letna navzočnost na trgu se šteje za pomemben znak ugleda.
The duration of use of the mark should not be inferred by mere reference to the term of its registration.
O trajanju uporabe znamke ni mogoče sklepati samo iz sklicevanja na datum njene registracije.
Registration and use do not necessarily coincide, as the mark may have been put to actual use either before or after it was filed.
Ni nujno, da registracija in uporaba sovpadata, saj se je lahko znamka dejansko začela uporabljati pred vložitvijo prijave ali po njej.
Therefore, where the opponent invokes actual use preceding the term of registration, it must prove that such use actually began before it applied for its mark.
Zato mora vložnik ugovora, kadar trdi, da se je znamka dejansko uporabljala dlje, kot je registrirana, dokazati, da se je taka uporaba resnično začela, preden je vložil prijavo za svojo znamko.
Nevertheless, a long registration period may sometimes serve as an indirect indication of a long presence on the market, as it would be unusual for a proprietor to maintain a registered mark for many decades without any economic interest behind it.
Vendar se lahko dolgo obdobje registracije včasih uporabi kot posreden znak dolge navzočnosti na trgu, saj bi bilo nenavadno, da bi imel imetnik znamko registrirano več desetletij brez ekonomskega interesa.
In the end, the decisive element is whether the earlier mark had a reputation at the time of filing of the contested application.
Nenazadnje je odločilni element, ali je prejšnja znamka imela ugled, ko je bila vložena izpodbijana prijava.
Whether that reputation also existed at some earlier point in time is legally irrelevant.
S pravnega vidika ni pomembno, ali je ugled imela že pred tem.
Therefore, evidence of continuous use up to the filing date of the application will be a positive indicator of reputation.
Zato so dokazi o neprekinjeni uporabi do datuma vložitve prijave pozitiven kazalnik ugleda.
By contrast, if use of the mark was suspended over a significant period, or if the period between the latest evidence of use and the filing of the EUTM application is quite long, it will be more difficult to conclude that the mark's reputation survived the interruption of use, or that it subsisted until the filing date of the application (see paragraph 3.1.2.5 above).
Če pa je bila uporaba znamke prekinjena za daljše obdobje ali če je obdobje med zadnjim dokazom o uporabi in vložitvijo prijave blagovne znamke EU precej dolgo, je tako težje ugotoviti, da je ugled znamke preživel prekinitev uporabe ali da se je ohranil do datuma vložitve prijave (glej odstavek 3.1.2.5 zgoraj).
3.1.3.6 Promotional activities
Promocijske dejavnosti
The nature and scale of the promotional activities undertaken by the opponent are useful indications when assessing the reputation of the mark, to the extent that these activities were undertaken to build up a brand image and enhance trade mark awareness among the public.
Vrsta in obseg promocijskih dejavnosti vložnika ugovora sta koristna podatka pri presoji ugleda znamke, če so bile te dejavnosti namenjene izoblikovanju podobe znamke in izboljšanju poznanosti znamke v javnosti.
Therefore, a long, intensive and widespread promotional campaign may be a strong indication that the mark has acquired a reputation among the potential or actual purchasers of the goods in question, and that it may actually have become known beyond the circle of the actual purchasers of those goods.
Zato je lahko dolga, intenzivna in široka promocijska kampanja pomemben znak, da je znamka pridobila ugled med morebitnimi ali dejanskimi kupci zadevnega blaga in je morda postala znana zunaj kroga dejanskih kupcev tega blaga.
Even though it cannot be ruled out that a mark acquires a reputation before any actual use, promotional activities will usually not be sufficient on their own for establishing that the earlier mark has indeed acquired a reputation (see paragraph 3.1.3.4 above).
Čeprav ni mogoče izključiti, da znamka pridobi ugled pred dejansko uporabo, promocijske dejavnosti same navadno ne zadostujejo za ugotovitev, da je prejšnja znamka resnično pridobila ugled (glej odstavek 3.1.3.4 zgoraj).
For example, it will be difficult to prove knowledge amongst a significant part of the public exclusively by reference to promotion or advertising, carried out as preparatory acts for the launching of a new product, as the actual impact of publicity on the perception of the public will be difficult to measure without reference to sales.
Na primer, težko je dokazati poznanost pri znatnem delu javnosti samo s sklicevanjem na promocijo ali oglaševanje v okviru priprav na dajanje novega izdelka na trg, saj je dejanski učinek oglaševanja na zaznavanje javnosti težko izmeriti brez sklicevanja na prodajo.
For example, advertising on a nationwide TV channel or in a prestigious periodical should be given more weight than campaigns of a regional or local scope, especially if coupled with high audience or circulation figures.
Na primer, oglaševanje na televizijskem programu z nacionalnim dometom ali v prestižnem periodičnem tisku je treba obravnavati kot pomembnejše od kampanje regionalnega ali lokalnega obsega, zlasti če je povezano z velikim številom občinstva ali veliko naklado.
Likewise, the sponsoring of prestigious athletic or cultural events may be a further indication of intensive promotion, as such schemes often involve a considerable investment.
Podobno je lahko sponzoriranje prestižnih športnih ali kulturnih dogodkov dodaten znak intenzivne promocije, saj taki programi pogosto vključujejo precejšnje naložbe.
Furthermore, the contents of the advertising strategy chosen by the opponent can be useful for revealing the kind of image the opponent is trying to create for its brand.
Poleg tega je lahko vsebina oglaševalske strategije, ki jo je izbral vložnik ugovora, koristna pri ugotavljanju, kakšno podobo želi vložnik ugovora ustvariti za svojo znamko.
This may be of particular importance when assessing the possibility of detriment to, or unfair advantage being taken of, a particular image allegedly conveyed by the mark, since the existence and contents of such an image must be abundantly clear from the evidence submitted by the opponent (see paragraph 3.4 below).
To je lahko zlasti pomembno za presojo morebitnega oškodovanja ali neupravičenega izkoriščanja neke podobe, ki naj bi jo sporočala znamka, saj morata biti obstoj in vsebina take podobe dovolj razvidna iz dokazov, ki jih je predložil vložnik ugovora (glej odstavek 3.4 v nadaljevanju).
3.1.3.7 Other factors
Drugi dejavniki
The Court has made clear that the above list of factors is only indicative and has underlined that all the facts relevant to the particular case must be taken into consideration when assessing the reputation of the earlier mark (14/09/1999, C375/97, Chevy, EU:C:1999:408, § 27).
Sodišče je pojasnilo, da je zgoraj navedeni seznam dejavnikov samo okviren, in poudarilo, da je treba pri presoji ugleda prejšnje znamke upoštevati vsa dejstva, ki so pomembna za posamezni primer (14/09/1999, C375/97, Chevy, EU:C:1999:408, § 27).
Other factors may be found in Court case-law dealing with enhanced distinctiveness through use, or in WIPO's Joint Recommendation.
Drugi dejavniki so na voljo v sodni praksi Sodišča, ki obravnava povečani razlikovalni učinek z uporabo, ali skupnem priporočilu organizacije WIPO.
Therefore, depending on their relevance in each case, the following factors may be added: record of successful enforcement; number of registrations; certification and awards; and the value associated with the mark.
Zato se lahko, glede na njihov pomen za posamezen primer, dodajo naslednji dejavniki: evidenca primerov uspešnega uveljavljanja varstva, število registracij, certifikati in nagrade ter vrednost, povezana z znamko.
Record of successful enforcement
Evidenca primerov uspešnega uveljavljanja varstva
Records of successful enforcement of a mark against dissimilar goods or services are important because they may demonstrate that, at least in relation to other traders, there is acceptance of protection against dissimilar goods or services.
Evidenca primerov uspešnega uveljavljanja varstva znamke pred različnim blagom ali storitvami je pomembna, saj lahko pokaže, da je bilo vsaj v zvezi z drugimi gospodarskimi subjekti priznano varstvo pred različnim blagom ali storitvami.
Such records may consist of the successful prosecution of complaints outside the courts, such as the acceptance of cease and desist requests, delimitation agreements in trade mark cases, etc.
Ta evidenca primerov lahko vključuje uspešno zunajsodno rešitev pritožb, kot na primer sprejetje zahtev za opustitev ravnanja, razmejitveni sporazumi v sporih glede znamk itd.
Furthermore, evidence showing that the reputation of the opponent's mark has been repeatedly recognised and protected against infringing acts by decisions of judicial or administrative authorities will be an important indication that the mark enjoys a reputation in the relevant territory, especially where such decisions are recent.
Poleg tega so dokazi, iz katerih je razvidno, da je bil ugled znamke vložnika ugovora večkrat priznan in zaščiten pred kršitvami z odločbami pravosodnih ali upravnih organov, pomemben znak, da ima znamka ugled na upoštevnem ozemlju, zlasti če so to novejše odločbe.
That effect may be reinforced when there is a substantial number of decisions of this kind (on the probative value of decisions, see paragraph 3.1.4.4 below).
Ta učinek se lahko še okrepi, če je takšnih odločb veliko (v zvezi z dokazno vrednostjo odločb glej odstavek 3.1.4.4 v nadaljevanju).
This factor is mentioned in Article 2(1)(b)(5) of WIPO's Joint Recommendation.
Ta dejavnik je naveden v členu 2(1)(b)(5) skupnega priporočila organizacije WIPO.
Number of registrations
Število registracij