natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
India had the largest total incidence, with an estimated 2.0 million new cases.
Indija je imela največjo skupno incidenco, okoli 2,0 milijona novih primerov.
Testing capacity, largely in private sector labs, was built up over several years by the South Korean government.
Južnokorejska vlada je več let razvijala zmogljivosti za testiranje, večinoma v laboratorijih zasebnega sektorja.
The symptoms of rhabdomyolysis depend on its severity and whether kidney failure develops.
Simptomi rabdomiolize so odvisni od hudosti bolezni in dejstva, ali pride do razvoja ledvične odpovedi.
A number of other factors are less closely linked to COPD.
Številni drugi dejavniki so manj tesno povezani s KOPB.
However, they are affected by M. szulgai, M. marinum, and M. kansasii.
Vplivajo pa nanje M. szulgai, M. marinum in M. kansasii.
In ancient Greek religion, Hygeia (Ὑγίεια) was the personification of health, cleanliness, and hygiene.
Higiéna (grško hygiaínein - biti zdrav, hygiés - zdrav) je ena od osnovnih življenjskih aktivnosti.
In many areas of the world, people are unable to afford treatment with antivirals as they either lack insurance coverage or the insurance they have will not pay for antivirals.
V mnogih delih sveta si bolniki zdravljenja s protivirusnimi zdravili ne morejo privoščiti, ker bodisi niso zavarovani, ali pa zavarovanje, ki ga imajo, protivirusnih zdravil ne plačuje.
There were 313 tests performed between 7 January 2020 and 3 March 2020, all of them were negative.
Med 7. januarjem in 3. marcem 2020 je bilo izvedenih 313 testiranj, vsa so bila negativna.
This inflammatory reaction can be described as chronic rather than acute, with a slow ongoing progression of the immune system attempting to eliminate the foreign fibers.
To vnetno reakcijo lahko opišemo kot kronično in ne kot akutno, kajti imunski sistem počasi in stalno napreduje v poskusu odprave tujih vlaken.
It is estimated that 130–180 million people in the world are affected by this disease representing a little more than 3% of the world population.
S HCV je v svetu okuženih vsaj od 170 do 200 milijonov ljudi ali 3 % svetovne populacije.
Testing is recommended in all people who are at risk.
Testiranje se priporoča v primerih z velikim tveganjem, med drugim pri osebah s tetovažami.
Bone and joint infections
Zdravljenje in odpornost na antibiotike
In contrast, experts say South Korea's broad availability of testing helped reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus.
Strokovnjaki menijo, da je Južna Koreja s široko razpoložljivostjo testiranja uspešno omejila širjenje novega koronavirusa.
There are a number of blood tests available that try to determine the degree of hepatic fibrosis and alleviate the need for biopsy.
Obstajajo tudi številni krvni testi za določanje stopnje jetrne fibroze in z njihovo pomočjo se lahko potreba po jetrni biopsiji zmanjša.
If someone does become infected, it typically takes three to four weeks before the newly infected person becomes infectious enough to transmit the disease to others.
Pri na novo okuženih običajno traja od tri do štiri tedne, da prizadeta oseba postane vir za prenos bolezni na druge.
Some also have a degree of airway hyperresponsiveness to irritants similar to those found in asthma.
Nekatere osebe imajo tudi delno hiperodzivnost dihalnih poti na dražila, ki spominja na znake pri astmi.
It involves the removal of infected chest cavities ("bullae") in the lungs to reduce the number of bacteria and to increase exposure of the remaining bacteria to antibiotics in the bloodstream.
Tekoči kirurški posegi vključujejo odstranitev patoloških kavitet  (»bullae«) v pljučih, da se zmanjša število bakterij in poveča izpostavljenost preostalih bakterij zdravilom v krvi; zmanjšuje se tako skupna obremenitev z bakterijami in poveča učinkovitost sistemske antibiotične terapije.
The first scale of severity was described by Hunt and Hess in 1968:
Prvo lestvico sta leta 1968 opisala Hunt in Hess:
This step can be started before transportation becomes available.
Ta korak lahko začnemo, preden na kraj nesreče prispe transport.
Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms.
Okužba drugih organov kaže širok spekter simptomov.
Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous, and most who contract it make a full recovery within two to three days.
Čeravno je lahko okužba z norovirusi zelo nelagodna, običajno ni nevarna in večina bolnikov popolnoma okreva v nekaj dneh.
Initial vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae significantly reduced nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine serotypes (VTs), including antibiotic-resistant types, only to be entirely offset by increased carriage of non-vaccine serotypes (NVTs).
Po uvedbi cepiva proti Streptococcus pneumoniae se je v populaciji močno zmanjšalo nosnožrelno nosilstvo  serotipov, ki jih je pokrivalo cepivo, vključno z nekaterimi serotipi z znano odpornostjo proti antibiotikom; povečalo pa se je nosilstvo serotipov, ki jih cepivo ni pokrivalo.
S. aureus can cause a range of illnesses, from minor skin infections, such as pimples, impetigo, boils, cellulitis, folliculitis, carbuncles, scalded skin syndrome, and abscesses, to life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, bacteremia, and sepsis.
S. aureus lahko pri človeku povzroči različne bolezni, od omejenih kožnih okužb (impetigo oziroma krastavost, gnojni izpuščaji, turi, karbunkel, kožni ognojki ...) do življenjsko ogrožajočih bolezni, kot so pljučnica, meningitis, osteomielitis, endokarditis, sindrom toksičnega šoka, bakteremija in septikemija.
If untreated, the disease can give origin to focalizations or become chronic.
Če bolezen ni ustrezno zdravljena, lahko preide v kronično obliko ter traja tudi več let.
In Russia, the COVID‑19 test was developed and produced by the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR.
V Rusiji je test COVID-19 razvil in izdelal Državni raziskovalni center za viruse in biotehnologijo VECTOR 11. februarja 2020 je test registrirala zvezna služba za nadzor v zdravstvu.
In 2010, 8.8 million new cases of TB were diagnosed, and 1.20–1.45 million deaths occurred, most of these occurring in developing countries.
Leta 2010 so ugotovili 8,8 milijonov novih primerov tuberkuloze in 1,45 milijona smrtnih žrtev, večinoma v  državah v razvoju.
He said that the government would also lay out a road map for achieving a low carbon economy.
Prva napoved na novi poziciji je bila napoved referenduma o splavu ter napoved vladnega načrta za nizkoogljično gospodarstvo.
Some experts fear that a lower perception of vulnerability among circumcised men may cause more sexual risk-taking behavior, thus negating its preventive effects.
Nekateri znanstveniki izražajo bojazen, da bi se lahko obrezani moški zaradi zmanjšanega dojemanja nevarnosti za okužbo vedli bolj tvegano, kar bi lahko izničilo zaščitni učinek te metode.
One more person died, bringing the total number of victims to 6.
Ponoči je umrl še en oskrbovanec doma starejših v Metliki, s čimer se je skupno število umrlih povzpelo na šest.
Minister for Health (2014–2016)
Minister za zdravje (2014–2016)
Be able to diagnose and treat occupational disease and injury.
Poleg tega se ukvarja s preučevanjem, preprečevanjem in zdravljenjem poklicnih bolezni.
A chest X-ray and multiple sputum cultures for acid-fast bacilli are typically part of the initial evaluation.
Rentgensko slikanje prsnega koša in multipla kultura izpljunka za acido-bacile sta običajno del začetne ocene.
Occasionally, people may cough up blood in small amounts, and in very rare cases, the infection may erode into the pulmonary artery or a Rasmussen's aneurysm, resulting in massive bleeding.
Občasno lahko ljudje izkašljujejo kri v majhnih količinah in, v zelo redkih primerih, lahko okužba razje pljučne arterije, čemur sledi obsežna krvavitev (anevrizma Rasmussena).
His mother, born in Dungarvan, County Waterford, met her future husband while working as a nurse in Slough.
Z mamo Mirjam, ki je bila medicinska sestra, se je spoznal v mestu Slough.
A barrel chest is a characteristic sign of COPD, but is relatively uncommon.
Prsni koš v obliki soda je za KOPB značilen, čeprav relativno redek znak.
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
Za druge pomene glejte Who (razločitev)Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija (angleško World Health Organization; kratica SZO ali WHO) je ena od specializiranih agencij Združenih narodov s sedežem v Ženevi.
Many health systems have difficulty ensuring appropriate identification, diagnosis and care of people with COPD; Britain's Department of Health has identified this as a major issue for the National Health Service and has introduced a specific strategy to tackle these problems.
Mnogi zdravstveni sistemi imajo težave pri zagotavljanju ustreznih možnosti za identifikacijo, diagnosticiranje in skrb za ljudi s KOPB; Britansko ministrstvo za zdravje je bolezen opredelilo kot velik problem in se odločilo za posebno strategijo za reševanje teh problemov.
High-risk behaviors make eliminating STIs difficult since even though most infections occur among individuals with moderate risk, the majority of transmissions occur because of individuals who engage in high-risk behaviors.
Odprava SPB iz populacije je lahko težavna zaradi posameznikov z visokotveganim vedenjem; večina primerov okužb se sicer pojavi med posamezniki z zmernotveganim vedenjem, vendar pa večina prenosov okužb izhaja iz skupine posameznikov z visokotveganim vedenjem.
Tuberculosis is more common in developing countries; about 80% of the population in many Asian and African countries test positive in tuberculin tests, while only 5–10% of the US population test positive.
Tuberkuloza je pogostejša v državah v razvoju; približno 80 % prebivalstva v številnih azijskih in afriških državah je pozitivno na tuberkulinski test, v ZDA pa je pozitivnih samo 5–10 % prebivalcev.
This can result in more air from the previous breath remaining within the lungs when the next breath is started, resulting in an increase in the total volume of air in the lungs at any given time, a process called hyperinflation or air trapping.
Tako lahko ob naslednjem vdihu v pljučih ostane več zraka iz prejšnjega diha, s tem pa se poveča celotni volumen zraka v pljučih v danem trenutku; proces se imenuje hiperinflacija.
COPD often occurs along with a number of other conditions, due in part to shared risk factors.
KOPB se pogosto, deloma zaradi skupnih dejavnikov tveganja, pojavlja skupaj s številnimi drugimi bolezenskimi stanji.
Diagnosis of septic shock is made when systolic blood pressure is less than 90mm Hg, a mean arterial pressure (MAP) is less than 70 mm Hg, or a systolic BP decrease of 40 mm Hg or more without other causes for low BP.
Septični šok je huda sepsa in arterijska hipotenzija (znižanje krvnega tlaka), neodzivna na nadomeščane tekočine (sistolični tlak pade pod 90 mmHg ali se zniža za več kot 40 mmHg), pri čemer so odsotni drugi razlogi za hipotenzijo.Je posledica bakterijske okužbe.
It was first observed in 2003 in Italy, but not widely reported until 2012, and has also been found in Iran and India.
Najprej so jo opazili leta 2003 v Italiji, vendar o njej do 2012 niso široko poročali.
The risk is greater if the needle in question is hollow and the puncture wound is deep.
Verjetnost je večja, če je bila igla votla in če je vbodna rana globoka.
Chronic bronchitis may occur with normal airflow and in this situation it is not classified as COPD.
Kronični bronhitis se lahko javlja ob normalnem pretoku zraka in v tem primeru ni razvrščen kot KOPB.
Women who smoke during pregnancy may increase the risk of COPD in their child. For the same amount of cigarette smoking, women have a higher risk of COPD than men.
Pri ženskah, ki kadijo med nosečnostjo, se lahko poveča tveganje za nastanek KOPB pri otroku.
Many people with COPD mistakenly think they have asthma.
Veliko ljudi s KOPB zmotno misli, da imajo astmo.
If herd immunity has been established and maintained in a population for a sufficient time, the disease is inevitably eliminated—no more endemic transmissions occur.
Če v populaciji pride do čredne imunosti in ta vztraja dovolj časa, se bolezen odpravi (eliminira), kar pomeni, da ni več novih endemičnih prenosov okužbe.
Stopping smoking decreases the risk of death by 18%.
Odpoved tobaku zmanjša tveganje za smrt za 18 %.
This risk is particularly high if someone deficient in alpha 1-antitrypsin also smokes.
To tveganje je še posebej veliko, če oseba, ki ji alfa 1-antitripsin primanjkuje, tudi kadi.
MRSA is common in hospitals, prisons, and nursing homes, where people with open wounds, invasive devices such as catheters, and weakened immune systems are at greater risk of hospital-acquired infection.
Večje tveganje za razvoj okužbe je pri bolnikih v bolnišnicah, ki imajo odprte rane ali v telesu invazivne pripomočke in imajo oslabljen imunski sistem.
His partner, Matthew Barrett, is a doctor at Mater Misericordiae University Hospital.
Živi v partnerski zvezi z zdravnikom Matthewom Barrettom.
Cor pulmonale has become less common since the use of supplemental oxygen.
Cor pulmonale je postal manj pogost, odkar se pri zdravljenju uporablja dodaten kisik.
Pneumococcal vaccination may also be beneficial.
Pnevmokokno cepljenje je prav tako lahko koristno.
The most important risk factor globally is HIV; 13% of all people with TB are infected by the virus.
13 % vseh, ki imajo tuberkulozo, je okuženih s tem virusom.
NTM cause neither TB nor leprosy, but they do cause lung diseases that resemble TB.
Te ne povzročajo ne TBC in ne gobavosti, pač pa pljučna obolenja, ki spominjajo na TBC.
In some cases, the cough may not be present or may only occur occasionally and may not be productive.
V nekaterih primerih kašelj ni prisoten ali pa se pojavlja le občasno in ni nujno produktiven.
Fewer than 20% of exacerbations require hospital admission.
Od poslabšanj potrebuje manj kot 20 % bolnikov hospitalizacijo.
Screening is also recommended in those with elevated liver enzymes, as this is frequently the only sign of chronic hepatitis.
Pregled se svetuje tudi v primeru zvišanih ravni jetrnih encimov, saj so pogosto edini znak kroničnega hepatitisa.
Rates of HIV are lowest in North Africa and the Middle East (0.1% or less), East Asia (0.1%), and Western and Central Europe (0.2%).
Območja z najmanjšo razširjenostjo okužbe v virusom HIV so Bližnji vzhod in Severna Afrika (0,1 % ali manj), Vzhodna Azija (0,1 %) in Zahodna ter Osrednja Evropa (0,2 %).
There is no clear evidence for those with less severe cases.
Ni jasnih dokazov o koristi antibiotikov pri manj hudih primerih.
Chronic infection after several years may cause cirrhosis or liver cancer.
Po več letih lahko pride do ciroze in raka jeter.
Here, in contrast to other regions, women comprise nearly 60% of cases.
Ženske za razliko od ostalih predelov sveta predstavljajo skoraj 60 % vseh primerov okuženih s HIV.
Modern treatments were developed during the second half of the 20th century.
Sodobne metode zdravljenja so razvili v drugi polovici 20. stoletja.
The immunity it induces decreases after about ten years.
Tako pridobljena imunost pa po približno desetih letih začne padati.
According to the CDC, rapid diagnostic tests have a sensitivity of 50–75% and specificity of 90–95% when compared with viral culture.
Po CDC imajo hitri diagnostični testi senzitivnost 70–75% in specifičnost 90–95% v primerjavi s virusno kulturo.
If the swelling is very rapid, as may happen with a crush injury after someone is released from under heavy collapsed debris, the movement of fluid from the bloodstream into damaged muscle may cause low blood pressure and shock.
Če nastopi oteklina zelo naglo, kot je recimo pri zmečkaninski poškodbi, lahko hiter premik tekočine iz obtočil v prizadeto mišico povzroči padec krvnega tlaka in šok.
This is most likely due to rates of smoking in women and men becoming more similar.
Najverjetneje je to zaradi tega, ker se stopnje kajenja pri ženskah in moških približujejo.
Larger outbreaks known as pandemics are less frequent.
Časovni razmiki med doslej znanimi pandemijami so bili zelo različni.
The overall effect in relation to smoking, however, is believed to be small.
Za celokupni učinek pa se v primerjavi s kajenjem meni, da je majhen.
It has attracted international medical and political attention as well as large-scale funding since it was identified in the 1980s.
Deležna je mednarodne zdravstvene in politične pozornosti, raziskave na tem področju pa so izdatno financirane.
This means that about 5% of the adult population is infected and it is believed to be the cause of 10% of all deaths in children.
Okuženih je okoli 5 % vsega prebivalstva podsaharske Afrike in ocenjujejo, da je vzrok za 10 % vseh smrti otrok.
AIDS was first recognized by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1981 and its cause—HIV infection—was identified in the early part of the decade.
Aids so leta 1981 prvi opredelili ameriški Centri za nadzor in preprečevanje bolezni (CDC), vzrok – okužba s HIV – pa je bil ugotovljen v začetku 1980-ih let.
In Israel, researchers at Technion and Rambam Hospital developed and tested a method for testing samples from 64 patients simultaneously, by pooling the samples and only testing further if the combined sample is found to be positive.
V Izraelu so raziskovalci v bolnišnici Technion in Rambam razvili in preizkusili metodo za testiranje vzorcev anenkrat za 64 bolnikov; vzorci se združijo in nadaljnje testiranje se opravi le, če je združeni vzorec pozitiven.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has achieved some success with improved treatment regimens, and a small decrease in case numbers.
Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija je žela nekaj uspeha s terapevtskimi izboljšavami, ki so povzročile majhen padec v številu obolenj.
Fluroquinolones have been banned from extra-label use in food animals in the USA since 2007.
Flurokinolone so v ZDA leta 2007 prepovedali dodajati živalski krmi.
In 1946 the development of the antibiotic streptomycin made effective treatment and cure of TB a reality.
Leta 1946 je z odkritjem antibiotika streptomicina učinkovito zdravljenje tuberkuloze postalo realnost.
Tuberculosis may also present with a chronic cough and should be considered in locations where it is common.
Tuberkuloza se tudi lahko javlja s kroničnim kašljem, kar je treba imeti v mislih na lokacijah, kjer je pogosta.
Tokyo, Istanbul, and Madrid were the three candidate cities.
Za organizacijo iger leta 2020 so se potegovala mesta Madrid, Tokio in Carigrad.
Upon completion of the initial assessment by physicians, nurses or paramedical personnel, each patient may be labelled which may identify the patient, display assessment findings, and identify the priority of the patient's need for medical treatment and transport from the emergency scene.
Ko reševalci oz. zdravniki končajo začetno oceno, lahko vsak pacient dobi oznako, s katero identificirajo pacienta, prikažejo ugotovitve prvega pregleda in določijo prioritetnost pacienta za medicinsko pomoč in transport.
A number of methods can determine how much COPD is affecting a given individual.
Številne metode omogočajo ugotovljanje vpliva KOPB na določenega posameznika.
The disease is usually self-limiting, and characterized by nausea, forceful vomiting, watery diarrhea, and abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste.
Okužbo spremljajo slabost, silovito bruhanje, vodena driska, bolečina v trebuhu in v nekaterih  primerih izguba okušanja.
Because of work-exposure to silica dust, silicosis is an occupational hazard to construction, demolition, mining, sandblasting, quarry, tunnelling, ceramics and foundry workers, as well as grinders, stone cutters, stone countertops, refractory brick workers, tombstone workers, workers in the oil and gas industry, pottery workers, fiberglass manufacturing, glass manufacturing, flint knappers and others.
Bolezen je najbolj razširjena med delavci, ki obdelujejo kremen in granit, rudarji v rudnikih kovin, v industriji šamota, porcelana, cementa, livarstvu ...
These are collectively denoted as "extrapulmonary tuberculosis".
Znane so pod skupnim imenom »zunajpljučna tuberkuloza«.
Unless surgery is planned, however, this rarely affects management.
Vendar to le redko vpliva na nadaljnje zdravljenje, razen če je načrtovan kirurški poseg.
In COPD, breathing out may take longer than breathing in.
Pri KOPB, lahko izdih traja dlje kot vdih.
In addition, if a child (or presumably an adult) seems to be getting better and then relapses with a high fever, that is a danger sign since this relapse can be bacterial pneumonia.
Otroku (ali morda odrasli osebi) gre lahko tudi navidez bolje, potem pa se pojavi huda vročina kot znak za izbruh bakterijske pljučnice.
The WHO was established in 7 April 1948, which is commemorated as World Health Day.
Ustanovljena je bila 7. aprila 1948 kot naslednica Zdravstvene organizacije, ki je bila sestavni del Lige narodov.
In 2012, an estimated 8.6 million chronic cases were active.
Leta 2012 je bilo po oceni 8,6 milijona kroničnih aktivnih primerov.
Methods of prevention include safe sex, needle exchange programs, treating those who are infected, pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis, and male circumcision.
Načini preprečevanja vključujejo varno spolnost, program zamenjave igel, zdravljenje okuženih oseb, predizpostavitveno in poizpostavitveno profilakso ter obrezovanje moških.
Miliary TB currently makes up about 10% of extrapulmonary cases.
Miliarna TBC predstavlja približno 10 % zunajpljučnih oblik bolezni.
About 25% of people may not have any symptoms (i.e. they remain "asymptomatic").
Okoli 25 % prizadetih je lahko brez simptomov (asimptomatska okužba).
Breathing exercises in and of themselves appear to have a limited role.
Dihalne vaje imajo same po sebi omejeno vlogo.
The chance of quitting is improved with social support, engagement in a smoking cessation program, and the use of medications such as nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, or varenicline.
Podpora okolja, sodelovanje v programu za odvajanje od kajenja in uporaba zdravil, kot so nikotinska nadomestna terapija, bupropion ali vareniklin, povečujejo verjetnost za uspeh.
Those who smoke additionally have Tc1 lymphocyte involvement and some people with COPD have eosinophil involvement similar to that in asthma.
Pri kadilcih sodelujejo tudi limfociti Tc1, pri nekaterih bolnikih s KOPB, podobno kot pri astmi, tudi eozinofilci granulociti.
While theoretically promising, antistaphylococcal vaccines have shown limited efficacy, because of immunological variation between Staphylococcus species, and the limited duration of effectiveness of the antibodies produced.
Cepiva proti stafilokokom so teoretično gledano obetavna, vendar imajo omejeno učinkovitost, zaradi imunoloških razlik med vrstami bakterije Staphylococcus  in omejenega trajanja učinkovitosti proizvedenih protiteles.
Individuals who are immunodeficient due to HIV/AIDS, lymphoma, leukemia, bone marrow cancer, an impaired spleen, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy may have lost any immunity that they previously had and vaccines may not be of any use for them because of their immunodeficiency.
Bolniki, si imajo pomanjkljiv imunski sistem na primer zaradi HIV-a/aidsa, limfoma, levkemije, rakave bolezni kostnega mozga, bolezni vranice, zdravljenja s kemoterapijo ali obsevanjem, lahko izgubijo imunost, ki so jo predhodno razvili, in zaradi imunske pomanjkljivosti cepiva nimajo učinka.
Tuberculosis caused widespread public concern in the 19th and early 20th centuries as the disease became common among the urban poor.
Tuberkuloza je bila vzrok za zelo široko zaskrbljenost javnosti v 19. in v začetku 20. stoletja kot endemična bolezen revnih.
M. microti is also rare and is seen almost only in immunodeficient people, although its prevalence may be significantly underestimated.
M. microti je prav tako redek, večinoma se pojavlja pri osebah z imunsko pomanjkljivostjo.
Genetics play a role in the development of COPD.
Genetika igra vlogo pri razvoju KOPB.