natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Procedures ̌ administrative and legal channels appropriate
Zèsada rovnakïho zaobchèdzania a diskriminècia › definócia zèkladn̅ch
What are the technical procedural requirements of each available remedy? . . . . . .
V̅nimky zo zèkazu diskriminècie. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Thematic subjects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dúle™itï webstrènky a inþtitÿcie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monitoring/Influencing the development of policy and law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Monitorovanie/Ovplyvﾏovanie rozvoja politók a prèva. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Welcome to this training manual!
Vitajte pri ｲótanó tohto manuèlu!
This training tool was developed as part of the EU-funded project, `Capacity building of civil soci-ety dealing with anti-discrimination', with the aim to provide training on European and national anti-discrimination law and policy to non-governmental organisations in the 10 Member States which joined the European Union on 1 May 2004 as well as in Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey.
Tèto þkoliaca pomúcka bola pripravenè v rèmci projektu ¶Vytvèranie kapacót v obｲianskej spoloｲ-nosti pre boj proti diskriminècii• financovanïho Eà, ktor̅ ma za cieﾋ poskytnÿﾝ zaþkolenie v oblas-ti eurùpskej a nèrodnej antidiskriminaｲnej legislatóvy a politiky pre mimovlèdne organizècie v 10 ｲlensk̅ch þtètoch, ktorï vstÿpili do Eurùpskej ÿnie 1. mèja 2004 ako aj v Bulharsku, Rumunsku a Turecku.
NGOs have a vital role to play in making anti-discrimination legislation understood and enforced on the ground.
NGO hrajÿ dúle™itÿ ÿlohu pri próprave, interpretècii a uplatﾏovanó antidiskriminaｲnej legislatóvy v praxi.
They are essential in speaking on behalf of and defending those they represent as well as raising awareness, of both victims and potential victims of discrimination, who are all too often unaware of their rights, and also of the general public.
Sÿ dúle™itï pri obrane a vyjadrovanó sa v mene t̅ch, ktor̅ch zastupujÿ, ako aj pri zvyþovanó povedomia obetó a mo™n̅ch obetó diskriminècie, ktorï próliþ ｲasto nepoznajÿ svoje prèva, ako aj þirokej verejnosti.
The manual was used by national trainers conducting national training seminars in each involved country. Participants came from a wide variety of non-governmental organisations and associa-tions covering all grounds of discrimination ̌ racial and ethnic origin (including Roma), religion or belief, age, disability and sexual orientation.
Manuèl pou™óvali nèrodnó þkolitelia, ktoró vykonèvali nèrodnï þkoliace seminère v ka™dej zo zapo-jen̅ch krajón. àｲastnóci pochèdzali zo þirokej palety mimovlèdnych organizèció a asocièció pokr̅va-jÿcich vþetky oblasti diskriminècie › na zèklade rasy a etnickïho púvodu (vrètane Rùmov), nèbo-™enstva a presvedｲenia, veku, postihnutia a sexuèlnej orientècie.
The main purpose of this project (November 2004›October 2005) was to build up the capacity of civil society by improving NGOs' knowledge on the two EU anti-discrimination directives (2000/43/EC and 2000/78/EC) and relevant national legislation and policies in this area.
Hlavn̅m cieﾋom tohto projektu (november 2004 - oktùber 2005) bolo vytvorenie kapacót obｲianskej spoloｲnosti zlepþovanóm vedomostó NGO v oblasti dvoch antidiskriminaｲn̅ch smer-nóc Eà (2000/43/EC a 2000/78/EC) a prósluþnej nèrodnej legislatóvy a stratïgièch v tejto oblasti.
NGOs were trained to become a key interlocutor of the authorities and to assist the victims of discrimination.
NGO boli vyþkolenï, aby sa mohli staﾝ kﾋÿｲov̅mi ÿｲastnókmi v orgènoch a na pomoc obetiam diskriminècie
The project focused on three activities.
Projekt sa zameriaval na tri aktivity: s Anal̅za potrieb
A stakeholder/needs analysis was carried out in each of the 13 countries to assess the capacity and extent of organisations representing civil society.
Anal̅za spoluÿｲastnókov/potrieb vykonanè v ka™dej z 13 krajón mala za ÿlohu vyhodnotiﾝ mo™-nosti a rozsah organizèció predstavujÿcich obｲiansku spoloｲnosﾝ.
This analysis gave input to the training specifications and helped to identify the target groups for participation in the national seminars and their needs.
Tèto anal̅za poskytla vstupnï dèta pre þpecifikècie þkolenó a pomohla urｲiﾝ cieﾋovï skupiny pre ÿｲasﾝ na nèrodn̅ch seminèroch a ich potreby.
This information was based on the answers provided by the NGOs involved.
Tieto informècie boli zalo™enï na odpovediach poskytnut̅ch prósluþn̅mi NGO.
† Training the trainers
s Þkolenie þkoliteﾋov
In each of the 13 countries, six local trainers were selected, some coming themselves from minority groups (for list see http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/ fundamental_rights/civil/civ_en.htm).
V ka™dej z 13 krajón boli vybranó þiesti miestni þkolitelia, niektoró pritom sami pochèdzali z men-þinov̅ch skupón (zoznam sa nachèdza na http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/fundamen-tal_rights/civil/civ_en.htm).
Four `Train the trainers' seminars targeting the national trainers took place in March 2005.
V marci 2005 sa konali þtyri seminère ¶Þkolenie þkoliteﾋovƒ zamera-nï na nèrodn̅ch þkoliteﾋov.
Combating discrimination › A training manual seminars consisted of the training modules which can be found in this manual translated into national languages, and into some minority languages.
Þkolitelia na nich uplatnili svoje schopnosti a vedomosti. Obsah nèrodn̅ch seminèrov pozostèval zo þkoliacich modulov, ktorï mo™no nèjsﾝ v tomto manuèli prelo™enom do nèrodn̅ch jazykov a niektor̅ch menþinov̅ch jazykov.
The material in this manual was designed for the recipients of the training.
Materièl v tomto manuèli bol pripraven̅ pre be™n̅ch ÿｲastnókov þkolenó.
We hope the material in this manual will be useful for individuals and organisations active in the fight against discrimination wherever they may be in the European Union.
Veróme, ™e materièly v tomto manuèli budÿ u™itoｲnï pre jednotlivcov ako aj organizècie aktóvne v boji proti diskriminècii kdekoﾋvek v Eurùpskej ÿnii.
Following the success of the training seminars in the new Members States and Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey, the Euro-pean Commission has decided to fund a follow-up of this training exercise in all 25 Member States and in Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey in 2006 as well, to include also social partner organisations in these countries among the participants.
Po ÿspechu þkoliacich seminèrov v nov̅ch ｲlensk̅ch þtètoch a Rumunsku, Bulharsku a Turecku sa Eurùpska komisia rozhodla financovaﾝ pokraｲovanie þkoliacich podujató vo vþetk̅ch 25 ｲlensk̅ch þtètoch a v Rumunsku, Bulharsku a Tu-recku aj v roku 2006, aby sa medzi ÿｲastnókov zapojili aj partnerskï organizècie z t̅chto krajón.
The project is a European Commission initiative funded by the action programme to combat dis-crimination (2001›06).
Projekt je iniciatóvou Eurùpskej komisie a je financovan̅ v rèmci Akｲnïho programu pre boj proti diskriminècii (2001-2006). Uskutoｲnila ho organizècia human european consultancy (www.humanconsultancy.com) v spoluprèci s organizèciou Migration Policy Group (www.migpolgroup.com) a miestnymi partnermi v ka™dej z 13 krajón.
The European Union (EU) comprises 25 Member States: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swe-den and the United Kingdom.
Eurùpska ÿnia (Eà) pozostèva z 25 ｲlensk̅ch þtètov: Belgicko, Cyprus, Peskè republika, Dènsko, Estùnsko, Fónsko, Francÿzsko, Grïcko, Holandsko, Órsko, Litva, Lotyþsko, Luxembursko, Maｵarsko, Malta, Nemecko, Poﾋsko, Portugalsko, Rakÿsko, Slovensko, Slovinsko, Þpanielsko, Þvïdsko, Talian-sko a Veﾋkè Britènia.
There are, at present, two acceding and two candidate countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia and Turkey.
V sÿｲasnosti sa o ｲlenstvo uchèdzajÿ dve pristupujÿce a dve kandidètske krajiny: Bulharsko, Rumunsko, Chorvètsko a Turecko.
The EU institutions
Inþtitÿcie Eurùpskej ÿnie
There are four principal institutions which are entrusted with carrying out the tasks of the EU.
Þtyrmi zèkladn̅mi inþtitÿciami, ktorï sÿ poverenï vykonèvanóm ÿloh Eurùpskej ÿnie, sÿ:
A. Council of the European Union
A. Rada Eurùpskej ÿnie (¶Radaƒ) s Legislatóvny orgèn so sódlom v Bruseli.
† The Council has six key responsibilities:
n Koordinuje celkovÿ hospodèrsku politiku ｲlensk̅ch þtètov.
‹ to pass European laws: in many fields it legislates jointly with the European Parlia-ment;
n Uzatvèra medzinèrodnï dohody medzi Eà a jedn̅m alebo viacer̅mi þtètmi a medzinè-rodn̅mi organizèciami.
‹ to coordinate the broad economic policies of the Member States;
n Spolu s Eurùpskym parlamentom schvaﾋuje rozpoｲet Eà.
‹ to conclude international agreements between the EU and one or more States or inter-national organisations;
n Rozvója spoloｲnÿ zahraniｲnÿ a bezpeｲnostnÿ politiku Eà.
‹ to approve the EU's budget, jointly with the European Parliament;
n Koordinuje spoluprècu medzi vnÿtroþtètnymi sÿdmi ｲlensk̅ch þtètov a medzi policajn̅-mi orgènmi v trestn̅ch veciach.
‹ to coordinate cooperation between the national courts and police forces in criminal matters.
s Predsednóctvo Rady funguje na rotaｲnom princópe (ka™d̅ch þesﾝ mesiacov prislÿcha inïmu þtètu).
† Consists of representatives of the Member States at ministerial level (one representative per Member State) who are authorised to commit their governments.
s Predseda rady zastupuje Radu v medzinèrodn̅ch zèle™itostiach.
† Presidency of the Council is held on a rotation basis by Member States for six-month peri-ods.
B. Eurùpska komisia (¶Komisiaƒ) s V̅konn̅ orgèn so sódlom v Bruseli.
† President of the Council represents the EU in international affairs.
s Komisia mè þtyri zèkladnï ÿlohy: n Navrhuje legislatóvu Parlamentu a Rade.
‹ to propose legislation to Parliament and the Council;
n Vykonèva a implementuje politiky Eà (napr. v oblasti diskriminècie) a rozpoｲet.
‹ to manage and implement EU policies (e.g. discrimination policies) and the budget;
n Zabezpeｲuje kontrolu vykonèvania prèva Eurùpskeho spoloｲenstva (spolu s Eurùpskym sÿdnym dvorom).
‹ to enforce Community law (jointly with the Court of Justice); and
n Reprezentuje Eà v medzinèrodn̅ch vzﾝahoch, napróklad dojednèvanóm zmlÿv medzi Eà a in̅mi krajinami.
† Consists of one Commissioner per Member State, appointed by the governments for five-year terms, acting impartially and independently, with responsibility for a particular policy area.
Komisèri sÿ navrhovanó svojimi vlèda-mi na obdobie piatich rokov a konajÿ nestranne a nezèvisle, nesÿc zodpovednosﾝ za svoj rezort.
For some more details of the Commission's actions in the field of discrimination see point 1.3 below.
Detailnejþie informècie k aktivitèm Komisie v oblasti diskriminècie je mo™nï nèjsﾝ v ｲasti 1.3.
C. European Parliament
C. Eurùpsky parlament (¶Parlamentƒ) s Parlament mè tri hlavnï ÿlohy: n Spolupúsobó pri próprave a schvaﾋovanó eurùpskej legislatóvy.
‹ to share with the Council the power to legislate;
Mè prèvo schvèliﾝ alebo odmietnuﾝ nominèciu vþetk̅ch komisèrov, a mè prèvo vysloviﾝ nedúveru Komisii ako celku.
‹ to exercise democratic supervision over all EU institutions, and in particular the Com-mission.
n Spolu s Radou mè prèvomoci sÿvisiace s prijómanóm rozpoｲtu.
It has the power to approve or reject the nomination of all Commissioners, and it has the right to censure the Commission as a whole; and
V zèvere tohto procesu mè prèvo prijaﾝ alebo odmietnuﾝ rozpoｲet ako celok.
‹ to share with the Council authority over the EU budget.
Stretnutia parlamentn̅ch v̅borov a niektorï plenèrne zasadnutia sa konajÿ v Bruseli.
At the end of the procedure, it adopts or rejects the budget in its entirety.
Administratóvny aparèt Parlamentu sódli v Luxemburgu (¶Generèlny sekretariètƒ).
† The monthly plenary sessions are held in Strasbourg (France) ̌ the Parliament's `seat'.
s฀Plenovia Parlamentu sÿ volenó v priamych a vþeobecn̅ch voﾋbèch, ktorï sa konajÿ ka™d̅ch pêﾝ rokov.
Parlia-mentary committee meetings and any additional plenary sessions are held in Brussels (Bel-gium), whilst Luxembourg is home to the administrative offices (the `General Secretariat').
Za poslanca mú™e kandidovaﾝ ka™d̅ obｲan alebo obｲianka Eà, a obｲania Eà › voliｲi › sa mú™u volieb zÿｲastniﾝ bez ohﾋadu na to, v ktorej krajine prève ™ijÿ.
† MEPs may not concurrently serve in a national government but may hold a seat in a nation-al parliament; they sit in multinational political parties.
V Parlamente existujÿ napróklad V̅bor pre zamestnanosﾝ a socièlne veci, V̅bor pre obｲianske slobody, spravodli-vosﾝ a vnÿtornï veci a V̅bor pre prèva ™ien a rovnosﾝ pohlavó.
† Committees are set up to deal with particular issues.
Neexistuje vþak osobitn̅ v̅bor, ktor̅ by sa zaoberal ｵalþómi otèzkami sÿvisiacimi s prèvom na rovnosﾝ.
There is a Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, one on Women's Rights and Gender Equality and one on Civil Liberties,
Jednotlivci, ktor̅ch prèva garantovanï Eurùpskou ÿniou sÿ poruþenï, majÿ prèvo obrètiﾝ sa na Parla-ment s petóciou, ktorÿ preþetruje V̅bor pre petócie.
Justice and Home Affairs, but not as yet a committee dedicated to other equality issues.
D. Sÿdny dvor Eurùpskych spoloｲenstiev (¶Sÿdny dvorƒ) s฀Hlavn̅ sÿdny orgèn Eà so sódlom v Luxemburgu.
† Main court of the EU, based in Luxembourg.
s฀Z ka™dïho ｲlenskïho þtètu je v ﾏom zastÿpen̅ jeden sudca.
† Consists of one judge per Member State, assisted by eight advocate-generals whose role is to present reasoned opinions on the case to the ECJ.
Sudcom asistujÿ generèlni advokèti, ktor̅ch ÿlohou je verejne, nestranne a nezèvisle predkladaﾝ stanoviskè ku vþetk̅m veciam predlo™en̅m Sÿdnemu dvoru.
† Judges appointed by joint agreement of the governments of the Member States for renew-able six-year terms.
s฀Sudcovia sÿ menovanó na zèklade vzèjomnej dohody vlèd jednotliv̅ch ｲlensk̅ch þtètov na obdobie þiestich rokov s mo™nosﾝou znovuvymenovania.
‹ requests for a preliminary ruling: if a national court is in any doubt about the interpreta-tion or validity of an EU law it may, and sometimes must, ask the ECJ for advice. This advice is given in the form of a `preliminary ruling' (see further `National context', Section 3.2, `Administrative and legal channels for challenging violations of anti-discrimination legislation');
s฀Hlavnï prèvomoci: n Konanie o predbe™nej otèzke: Ak mè niektor̅ z vnÿtroþtètnych sÿdov pochybnosti o in-terpretècii alebo platnosti ustanovenia eurùpskeho prèva, mú™e, a v niektor̅ch própa-doch dokonca musó, po™iadaﾝ Sÿdny dvor o interpretèciu (pozri tie™ ｲasﾝ 3.2 kapitoly Slovensko › vnÿtroþtètne sÿvislosti).
‹ proceedings for failure to fulfil an obligation: the Commission or Member States can initiate proceedings if they have reason to believe that a Member State is failing to fulfil its obligations under EU law (see further `National context', Section 3.2, `Administrative and legal channels for challenging violations of anti-discrimination legislation'); and
n Konanie o nesplnenie povinnosti: Komisia alebo ｲlenskï þtèty mú™u iniciovaﾝ toto kona-nie, ak majÿ dúvodnï podozrenie, ™e ｲlensk̅ þtèt si neplnó povinnosti, ktorï mu vypl̅va-jÿ z prèva Eà (pozri tie™ ｲasﾝ 3.2 kapitoly Slovensko › vnÿtroþtètne sÿvislosti).
‹ appeals on points of law only against judgments by the Court of First Instance, which was created in 1989 to alleviate the workload of the ECJ, and which is also based in Lux-embourg.
n Odvolania: Na Sÿdny dvor mo™no podaﾝ odvolanie iba proti rozsudkom Sÿdu prvïho stupﾏa, ktor̅ bol vytvoren̅ v roku 1989 s cieﾋom odbremeniﾝ Sÿdny dvor od nèporu prèce a sódli tie™ v Luxemburgu.
† Decisions are reached by majority.
s฀Rozhodovanie je zalo™enï na vêｲþinovom princópe.
There are no dissenting opinions; judgments are signed by all the judges who took part in the deliberations and are read in open court.
Sudcovia nepublikujÿ tzv. nesÿhlasnï stanoviskè (dissenting opinions). Rozsudky sa vynèþajÿ verejne.
General principles and sources of EU law
Zèkladnï zèsady prèva Eà a pramene prèva Eà
The principle of subsidi-arity regulates the lawfulness of the exercise of competence: in areas which do not fall within its exclusive competence (i.e. where competence is shared with the Member States) the EU can only take action if the objectives of that action cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States.
V oblastiach, ktorï nespadajÿ do v̅luｲnej kompetencie Eurùpskeho spoloｲenstva (ES) (tzn. kde kompetencia je delenè medzi Eurùpske spoloｲenstvo a ｲlenskï þtèty), ES mú™e konaﾝ iba vtedy, ak cieﾋ, ku ktorïmu mè toto konanie smerovaﾝ, nemo™no uspokojivo dosiahnuﾝ konanóm ｲlensk̅ch þtètov.
This is to ensure the uniformity of EU law and its interpretation by the national courts.
Tèto zèsada mè zabezpeｲiﾝ jednotnosﾝ prèva Eà a jeho interpretècie vnÿtroþtètnymi sÿdmi.
The ECJ has held that the EU constitutes a new legal order for whose benefit the Member States have limited their sovereign rights, and that a nation-al court is under a duty to give full effect to provisions of EU law even if this means refusing to apply conflicting national law, whether adopted prior or subsequent to the particular piece of EU legislation.
Sÿdny dvor vyhlèsil, ™e Eà predstavuje nov̅ prèvny poriadok, v prospech ktorïho ｲlenskï þtèty obmedzili svoje suverïnne prèva, a tie™ ™e vnÿtroþtètne sÿdy ｲlensk̅ch þtètov sÿ povinnï plne dodr™iavaﾝ ustanovenia prèva Eà, aj keby to malo znamenaﾝ odmietnutie aplikècie spornïho ustanovenia vnÿtroþtètneho prèva, bez ohﾋadu na to, ｲi toto ustanovenie bolo prijatï pred alebo po prijató predmetnïho ustanovenia prèva Eà.
† primary sources: the Treaties between the Member States, and agreements with third coun-tries;
Pramene prèva Eà mo™no rozdeliﾝ do troch skupón: s฀Primèrne pramene: zmluvy medzi ｲlensk̅mi þtètmi a zmluvy s tretómi krajinami.
† secondary sources: regulations, directives, decisions, recommendations and opinions;
s฀Sekundèrne pramene: nariadenia, smernice, rozhodnutia, odporÿｲania a stanoviskè.
† other sources: general principles of EU law developed through the case-law of the ECJ, and `soft law' (e.g. guidelines and resolutions).
s฀Inï pramene: vþeobecnï zèsady prèva Eà vytvorenï v rèmci rozhodovacej ｲinnosti Sÿdneho dvora ES, a tzv. ¶soft lawƒ.
† The EC Treaty and Protocols, as amended by the Merger Treaty, 1965, and the Acts of Accession (1972: United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark; 1979: Greece; 1985: Spain, Portugal; 1995: Austria, Finland, Sweden; 2003: Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia; 2005, Bulgaria, Romania).
Z m l u v y s฀Zmluva o zalo™enó Eurùpskeho spoloｲenstva (ZES) spolu s Protokolmi, novelizovanè Zmluvou o fÿzii (1965) a Aktmi o pristÿpenó (1972: Veﾋkè Britènia, Órsko, Dènsko; 1979: Grïcko; 1985: Þpa-nielsko, Portugalsko; 1995: Rakÿsko, Fónsko, Þvïdsko; 2003: Cyprus, Peskè republika, Estùnsko, Maｵarsko, Malta, Litva, Lotyþsko, Poﾋsko, Slovensko, Slovinsko; 2005: Bulharsko, Rumunsko) s฀Zmluva o zalo™enó Eurùpskeho spoloｲenstva pre atùmovÿ energiu s฀Jednotn̅ eurùpsky akt (1986) s฀Zmluva o Eurùpskej ÿnii (Maastrichtskè) (1982) s฀Amsterdamskè zmluva (1998) s฀Zmluva z Nice (200)
Article 249 of the EC Treaty states:
Plènok 249 Zmluvy o zalo™enó ES hovoró:
A regulation shall have general application.
Nariadenie mè vþeobecnÿ platnosﾝ.
It shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Je zèvêznï ako celok vo vþetk̅ch ｲastiach a priamo pou™iteﾋnï vo vþetk̅ch ｲlensk̅ch þtètoch.
A directive shall be binding, as to the result to be achieved, upon each Member State to which it is addressed, but shall leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods.
Smernica je zèvêznè pre ｲlensk̅ þtèt, ktorïmu je urｲenè, a to vzhﾋadom na v̅sledok, ktor̅ sa mè dosiahnuﾝ, priｲom voﾋba foriem a metùd sa ponechèva na nèrodnï orgèny.
A decision shall be binding in its entirety upon those to whom it is addressed.
Rozhodnutie je zèvêznï ako celok vo vþetk̅ch ｲastiach pre toho, komu je urｲenï.
Recommendations and opinions shall have no binding force.'
N a r i a d e n i a s฀Sÿ vþeobecne zèvêznï.
† Do not require any national implementing measures.
Zèkladnï otèzky s฀Nevy™aduje sa ich implementècia vnÿtroþtètnymi prèvnymi predpismi.
† Can be relied upon in national courts by individuals.
s฀Jednotlivci sa na ne mú™u odvolèvaﾝ pred svojimi vnÿtroþtètnymi sÿdmi.
† General application ̌ apply to and in all Member States.
s฀Majÿ vþeobecnÿ platnosﾝ › platia vo vzﾝahu k ｲlensk̅m þtètom, ako aj vo vzﾝahu k jednotliv-com.
† Binding law in the Member State to whom it is addressed.
S m e r n i c e s฀Sÿ zèvêznï pre ｲlenskï þtèty, ktor̅m sÿ urｲenï.
† Enter into force either on the date specified in them or on the 20th day after their publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
s฀Stèvajÿ sa platn̅mi a ÿｲinn̅mi buｵ v deﾏ, ktor̅ je v nich na tento ÿｲel urｲen̅, alebo 20. deﾏ od ich zverejnenia v àradnom vestnóku Eurùpskej ÿnie.
† But require domestic implementing measures within a certain time period from adoption.
s฀Na ÿrovni ｲlensk̅ch þtètov si vþak v rèmci lehoty na to urｲenej vy™adujÿ prijatie vnÿtroþtètnych implementaｲn̅ch predpisov.
† Member States must ensure that they adopt implementing measures before the expiry of the deadline so that national law reflects the terms of the directive ̌ this process is called trans-posing the directive.
s฀Plenskï þtèty sa musia uistiﾝ, ™e implementaｲnï opatrenia prijmÿ pred vyprþanóm lehoty na to urｲenej, a to spúsobom, ktor̅ bude odrè™aﾝ ciele a po™iadavky smernóc. Tento proces sa naz̅va transpozócia smernóc.
† Before the expiry of the time period, directives cannot be relied upon in national courts.
s฀Pred vyprþanóm lehoty urｲenej na transpozóciu sa nemo™no dovolèvaﾝ ustanovenó smernóc pred vnÿtroþtètnymi sÿdmi.
† Once the time period has expired, they can be relied upon in national courts by individuals but only against the State or agents of the State and if certain conditions are met (see below, point 1.6).
s฀Po tom, ｲo vyprþala lehota na transpozóciu smernice, sa mo™no jej jednotliv̅ch ustanovenó dovolèvaﾝ jednotlivcami pred vnÿtroþtètnymi sÿdmi, ale len vo vzﾝahu k þtètu a jeho orgènom a inþtitÿcièm a za splnenia urｲit̅ch podmienok (pozri ｵalej ｲasﾝ 1.6) s฀Plenskï þtèty nesÿ zodpovednosﾝ za neimplementèciu alebo za nesprèvnu transpozóciu smer-nóc (pozri ｵalej ｲasﾝ 1.6)
† Member States can be liable for non-implementation or for imperfect transposition of a direc-tive (see further, point 1.6, below).
R o z h o d n u t i a s฀Sÿ zèvêznï, ale len vo vzﾝahu k subjektom, ktor̅m sÿ urｲenï, napr. vo vzﾝahu k firme, u ktorej sa zistilo poruþenie sÿﾝa™nïho prèva.
† But only on those to whom it is addressed, e.g. a company which has been found in breach of competition law.
¶Case lawƒ (rozhodnutia Sÿdneho dvora)/vþeobecnï zèsady prèva Eà s฀zèkladnï ﾋudskï prèva (vrètane Eurùpskeho dohovoru o ochrane ﾋudsk̅ch prèv, pozri ｵalej ｲasﾝ 1.2) s฀rovnosﾝ/zèkaz diskriminècie (pozri ｵalej ｲasﾝ 1.3) s฀princóp proporcionality
† Fundamental human rights (including the European Convention on Human Rights, see further point 1.2, below).
Boj proti diskriminècii › Odbornè próruｲka s฀princóp prèvnej istoty/princóp ochrany legitómnych oｲakèvanó/zèkaz retroaktivity s฀prèvo na dobrÿ sprèvu vecó verejn̅ch
The Council of Europe was created at the end of the Second World War for the purpose of promot-ing European unity, protecting human rights and facilitating social and economic progress.
Rada Eurùpy bola zalo™enè na konci druhej svetovej vojny s cieﾋom podporovaﾝ jednotu Eurùpy, ochraﾏovaﾝ ﾋudskï prèva a uﾋahｲovaﾝ socièlny a ekonomick̅ pokrok.
It has 46 Member States, including all EU Member States and candidate countries.
Rada Eurùpy mè 46 ｲlenov, vrètane vþetk̅ch ｲlensk̅ch a kandidètskych krajón Eà.