natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Extrapolating much below the lowest concentration affecting the test organisms or above the highest tested concentration should be avoided.
príprava vody použitej na testovanie (ak sa použije rekonštituovaná voda) a jej vlastnosti (koncentrácia kyslíka, pH, vodivosť, tvrdosť a výsledky iných vykonaných meraní) pred začatím testu,
If — in exceptional cases — such an extrapolation is done, a full explanation must be given in the report.
podrobné informácie o kŕmení vrátane druhu potravy, prípravy, množstva a kŕmneho režimu,
If the ECx is to be estimated, at least five concentrations and a minimum of three replicates for each concentration should be tested;
intenzita svetla a dĺžka fotoperiódy, resp. fotoperiód,
six replicates are recommended for the control or — if used — the solvent control in order to improve the estimation of control variability.
metódy použité na stanovenie všetkých biologických parametrov (napr. odber vzoriek, inšpekcie, váženie testovaných organizmov) a všetky abiotické parametre (napr. parametre kvality vody a sedimentu),
In any case, it is advisable that sufficient test concentrations are used to allow a good model estimation.
objem a/alebo hmotnosť všetkých vzoriek na chemickú analýzu
The factor between concentrations should not be greater than two (an exception can be made in cases when the concentration response curve has a shallow slope).
podrobné informácie o príprave všetkých vzoriek na chemickú analýzu vrátane údajov o príprave, skladovaní, postupoch obohacovania, extrakcii a analytických postupoch (a presnosti) testovanej chemikálie a výťažnosti testovanej chemikálie.
The number of replicates at each treatment can be reduced if the number of test concentrations with responses in the range of 5 – 95 % are increased.
kvalita vody v testovacích nádobách (pH, teplota, koncentrácia rozpusteného kyslíka, tvrdosť, koncentrácia amoniaku a výsledky iných vykonaných meraní),
Increasing the number of replicates or reducing the size of the test concentration intervals tends to lead to narrower confidence intervals for the test.
celkový obsah organického uhlíka (TOC), pomer suchej hmotnosti k čerstvej hmotnosti, pH sedimentu a výsledky iných vykonaných meraní,
If the LOEC/NOEC values are to be estimated, at least five test concentrations with at least four replicates (six replicates are recommended for the control or — if used — the solvent control in order to improve the estimation of control variability) should be used, and the factor between concentrations should not be greater than two.
celkový počet červov a počet úplných a neúplných červov, ak je stanovený, v každej skúšobnej komore na konci testu,
Some information on the statistical power found during hypothesis testing in the ring test of the test method is given in Appendix 6.
suchá hmotnosť červov v každej skúšobnej komore na konci testu a suchá hmotnosť čiastkovej vzorky červov na začiatku testu, ak sa meria,
A limit test may be performed (using one test concentration and controls) if no effects are expected up to 1000 mg/kg sediment d.w. (e.g. from a preliminary range-finding test), or if testing at a single concentration will be adequate to confirm a NOEC value of interest.
akékoľvek pozorované nenormálne správanie v porovnaní s kontrolnými vzorkami (napr. vyhýbanie sa sedimentu, prítomnosť alebo neprítomnosť fekálnych peliet),
In the latter case, a detailed rationale for selection of limit concentration should be included in the test report.
celková pozorovaná mortalita,
The purpose of the limit test is to perform a test at a concentration sufficiently high to enable decision makers to exclude possible toxic effects of the chemical, and the limit is set at a concentration which is not expected to appear in any situation.
odhady toxických konečných parametrov (napr. ECx, NOEC a/alebo LOEC) a štatistické metódy použité na ich stanovenie,
1000 mg/kg (dry weight) is recommended.
nominálne testovacie koncentrácie, namerané testovacie koncentrácie a výsledky všetkých analýz na stanovenie koncentrácie testovanej chemikálie v testovacích nádobách,
Usually, at least six replicates for both the treatment and controls are necessary.
akékoľvek odchýlky od kritéria platnosti.
Exposure conditions
Hodnotenie výsledkov:
The test is conducted with at least 10 worms for each replicate used for determination of biological parameters.
súlad výsledkov s kritériami platnosti uvedenými v bode 13,
This number of worms corresponds to approximately 50 - 100 mg of wet biomass.
Chapter C.27 of this Annex, ‚Sediment-water chironomid toxicity test using spiked sediment‘.
Assuming a dry content of 17,1 % (48), this results in approximately 9 - 17 mg of dry biomass per vessel.
202 67 429.
U.S.
Kapitola C.1 tejto prílohy, ryby, test akútnej toxicity.
EPA (2000 (7)) recommends to use a loading rate not exceeding 1:
Workshop on ‚Bioaccumulation: Sediment test using benthic oligochaetes‘, 26.-27.4.1999, Hochheim/Main, Germany.
50 (dry biomass: TOC).
Report on the R+D-project No.
For the formulated sediment described in paragraph 22, this corresponds to approximately 43 g sediment (dry weight) per 10 worms at a TOC content of 2,0 % of dry sediment.
298 67 419, Umweltbundesamt, Berlín.
In cases where more than 10 worms are used per vessel, the amount of sediment and overlying water should be adjusted accordingly.
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No.
The worms used in a test should all come from the same source, and should be animals of similar physiological state (see Appendix 5).
54, OECD, Paris, France.
Worms of similar size should be selected (see paragraph 39).
March 24-25, 2004.
It is recommended that a sub-sample of the batch or stock of worms is weighed before the test in order to estimate the mean weight.
BfG (Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde), Koblenz, Germany. pp.
The worms to be used in a test are removed from the culture (see Appendix 5 for details).
107-119.
Large (adult) animals that do not show signs of recent fragmentation are transferred to glass dishes (e.g. petri dishes) containing clean water.
Doplnková literatúra týkajúca sa štatistických postupov:
They are subsequently synchronised as described in Appendix 5.
Chemikália je látka alebo zmes.
After regenerating for a period of 10 to 14 d, intact complete worms of similar size, which are actively swimming or crawling after a gentle mechanical stimulus, should be used for the test.
Obdobie kondicionovania sa využíva na stabilizovanie mikrobiálnej zložky sedimentu a na odstránenie napríklad amoniaku pochádzajúceho zo zložiek sedimentu;
If the test conditions differ from the culture conditions (e.g. in temperature, light regime, and overlying water), an acclimation phase of e.g. 24 h at temperature, light regime, and using the same overlying water as in the test should be sufficient to adapt the worms to the test conditions.
predchádza obohacovaniu sedimentu testovanou chemikáliou.
The adapted oligochaetes should be allocated randomly to the test vessels.
Po uvedení do podmienok sa zvyčajne odstráni nadložná voda.
Since food is added to the sediment prior to (or during) application of the test chemical, the worms are not fed additionally during the test.
ECx je koncentrácia testovanej chemikálie v sedimente, ktorá v rámci stanoveného času expozície vyvolá účinok x % (napr. 50 %) na biologický parameter.
Light and temperature
Obdobie vyvažovania umožňuje rozdelenie testovanej chemikálie medzi tuhú fázu, vodu nachádzajúcu sa v interstíciu sedimentu a nadložnú vodu;
The photoperiod in the culture and the test is usually 16 hours (3), (7).
prebieha po obohatení sedimentu testovanou chemikáliou a pred pridaním testovaných organizmov.
Light intensity should be kept low (e.g. 100-500 lx) to imitate natural conditions at the sediment surface, and measured at least once during the exposure period.
Fáza expozície je čas, v priebehu ktorého sú testované organizmy vystavené pôsobeniu testovanej chemikálie.
The temperature should be 20 °C ± 2 °C throughout the test.
Umelo pripravený sediment alebo rekonštituovaný, umelý či syntetický sediment je zmes materiálov použitých na napodobnenie fyzických zložiek prírodného sedimentu.
On one given measuring date the difference of temperature between test vessels should not be higher than ± 1 °C.
Najnižšia koncentrácia s pozorovaným účinkom (LOEC) je najnižšia testovacia koncentrácia testovanej chemikálie, pri ktorej sa pozoruje, že chemikália má významný toxický účinok (pri p ≤ 0,05) v porovnaní s kontrolnou vzorkou.
The test vessels should be placed in the test incubator or the test area in a randomised way, e.g. in order to minimise bias of reproduction due to vessel location.
Škodlivý účinok všetkých testovacích koncentrácií nad LOEC však musí byť rovnaký alebo väčší ako účinky pozorované pri LOEC.
Aeration
Ak nie sú splnené tieto dve podmienky, je potrebné poskytnúť úplné vysvetlenie, akým spôsobom sa zvolila koncentrácia LOEC (a teda aj koncentrácia NOEC).
The overlying water of the test vessels should be gently aerated (e.g. 2 - 4 bubbles per second) via a pasteur pipette positioned approx.
Koncentrácia bez pozorovaného účinku (NOEC) je testovacia koncentrácia bezprostredne pod koncentráciou LOEC, ktorá v porovnaní s kontrolnou vzorkou nemá žiadny štatisticky významný účinok (p ≤ 0,05) v rámci daného času expozície.
2 cm above the sediment surface so as to minimise perturbation of the sediment.
Rozdeľovacia konštanta oktanol – voda (Kow, niekedy označovaný aj Pow) je pomer rozpustnosti chemikálie v n-oktanole a vo vode v rovnovážnom stave a predstavuje lipofilitu chemikálie (kapitola A.24 tejto prílohy).
Care should be taken that the dissolved oxygen concentration does not fall below 30 % of air saturation value (ASV).
Parameter Kow alebo logaritmus Kow (log Kow) sa používa na vyjadrenie potenciálu chemikálie na bioakumuláciu vo vodných organizmoch.
Air supply should be controlled and — if necessary — adjusted at least once daily on workdays.
Rozdeľovacia konštanta organický uhlík – voda (Koc) je pomer koncentrácie chemikálie vo/na frakcii sedimentu tvorenej organickým uhlíkom a koncentrácie chemikálie vo vode v rovnovážnom stave.
Water quality measurements
Nadložná voda je voda umiestnená v testovacej nádobe nad sedimentom.
The following water quality parameters should be measured in the overlying water:
Konštanta vyjadrujúca rýchlosť sorpcie látok sedimentu (ks) je číselná hodnota vyjadrujúca rýchlosť zvyšovania koncentrácie testovanej látky v/na testovacom organizme v dôsledku vychytávania zo sedimentovej fázy.
at least in one test vessel of each concentration level and one test vessel of the controls once per week and at the start and the end of the exposure period;
Obohatený sediment je sediment, do ktorého bola pridaná testovaná chemikália.
if possible, temperature in the surrounding medium (ambient air or water bath) may be recorded additionally e.g. at hourly intervals;
Zloženie odporúčanej rekonštituovanej vody
Dissolved oxygen content:
(prevzaté z kapitoly C.1 tejto prílohy 1)
expressed as mg/l and % ASV (air saturation value);
Roztok chloridu vápenatého
Air supply:
Rozpustite 11,76 g CaCl2 × 2H2O v deionizovanej vode;
should be controlled at least once daily on workdays and — if necessary — adjusted;
doplňte deionizovanou vodou na 1 liter.
Total water hardness:
Roztok síranu horečnatého
at least in one replicate of the controls and one test vessel at the highest concentration at the start and the end of the exposure period;
Rozpustite 4,93 g MgSO4 × 2H7O v deionizovanej vode;
expressed as mg/l CaCO3;
Roztok hydrogénuhličitanu sodného
Total ammonia content:
Rozpustite 2,59 g NaHCO3 v deionizovanej vode;
at least in one replicate of the controls and in one test vessel of each concentration level at the start of the exposure period, and subsequently 3 × per week;
Roztok chloridu draselného
expressed as mg/l NH4+ or NH3 or total ammonia-N.
Rozpustite 0,23 g KCl v deionizovanej vode;
If measurement of water quality parameters requires removal of significant water samples from the vessels, it may be advisable to set up separate vessels for water quality measurements so as not to alter the water-to-sediment volume ratio.
Všetky chemikálie musia byť analytickej čistoty.
Biological observations
Vodivosť destilovanej alebo deionizovanej vody by nemala presiahnuť 10 μScm– 1.
During the exposure, the test vessels should be observed in order to assess visually any behavioural differences in the worms (e.g. sediment avoidance, fecal pellets visible on the sediment surface) compared with the controls.
25 ml každého z roztokov a) až d) sa zmieša a celkový objem doplní deionizovanou vodou na 1 l.
Observations should be recorded.
Súčet iónov vápnika a horčíka v tomto roztoku je 2,5 mmol/l
At the end of the test, each replicate is examined (additional vessels designated for chemical analyses may be excluded from examination).
Celkové množstvo iónov vápnika a horčíka v tomto roztoku je 2,5 mmol/l.
An appropriate method should be used to recover all worms from the test vessel.
Pomer iónov Ca:
Care should be taken that all worms are recovered uninjured.
Mg je 4: 1 a pomer iónov Na: K je 10: 1.
One possible method is sieving the worms from the sediment.
Kyselinová kapacita KS4.3 tohto roztoku je 0,8 mmol/l.
A stainless steel mesh of appropriate mesh size can be used.
Prevzdušňujte riediacu vodu, kým sa nenasýti kyslíkom, potom ju pred použitím približne na dva dni uskladnite bez ďalšieho prevzdušňovania.
Most of the overlying water is carefully decanted, and the remaining sediment and water is agitated to result in a slurry, which can be passed through the sieve.
LITERATÚRA
Using a 500 μm mesh, most of the sediment particles will pass the sieve very quickly;
Fyzikálno-chemické vlastnosti vody vhodnej na riedenie
however, sieving should be done quickly, in order to prevent the worms from crawling into or through the mesh.
[prevzaté z OECD (1992) (1)]
Using a 250 μm mesh will prevent the worms from crawling into or through the mesh;
Koncentrácie
however, care should be taken that as little as possible of the sediment particles is retained on the mesh.
Tuhé častice
The sieved slurry of each replicate vessel may be passed through the sieve a second time in order to ensure that all worms are recovered.
Celkový organický uhlík
An alternative method could be warming of the sediment by placing the test vessels in a water bath at 50 – 60 °C;
< 2 μg/l
the worms will leave the sediment and can be collected from the sediment surface by use of a fire-polished wide-mouth pipette.
Neionizovaný amoniak
Another alternative method could be to produce a sediment slurry and pour this slurry onto a shallow pan of suitable size.
< 1 μg/l
From the shallow layer of slurry the worms can be picked up by a steel needle or watchmakers' tweezers (to be used rather like a fork than forceps to avoid injuring the worms) and transferred to clean water.
Zostatkový chlór
After separating the worms from the sediment slurry, these are rinsed in test medium and counted.
< 10 μg/l
Independently of the method used, laboratories should demonstrate that their personnel are able to recover an average of at least 90 % of the organisms from whole sediment.
Celkové organofosfátové pesticídy
For example, a certain number of test organisms could be added to control sediment or test sediments, and recovery could be determined after 1 h (7).
< 50 ng/l
The total number of living and dead individuals per replicate should be recorded and assessed.
Celkové organochlórové pesticídy a polychlórované bifenyly
The following groups of worms are considered to be dead:
Celkový organický chlór
there is no reaction after a gentle mechanical stimulus
< 25 ng/l
there are signs of decomposition (in combination with “a”)
Odporúčaný umelý sediment – usmernenia na prípravu a skladovanie
number of missing worms
Zložky sedimentu
Additionally, the living worms can be assigned to one of three groups:
Zložka
large complete worms (adults) without regenerated body regions
Charakteristika
complete worms with regenerated, lighter-coloured body regions (i.e., with new posterior part, with new anterior part, or with both new posterior and anterior parts)
% suchej hmotnosti sedimentu
incomplete worms (i.e., recently fragmented worms with non-regenerated body regions)
Rašelina
These additional observations are not mandatory, but can be used for additional interpretation of the biological results (for example, a high number of worms assigned to group c may indicate a delay of reproduction or regeneration in a given treatment).
Rašelinníková rašelina, stupeň rozkladu:
Additionally, if any differences in appearance (e.g. lesions of the integument, oedematous body sections) are observed between treated and control worms, these should be recorded.
‚stredný‘, sušená na vzduchu, bez viditeľných rastlinných zvyškov, jemne mletá (veľkosť častíc ≤ 0,5 mm)
Immediately after counting/assessment, the living worms found in each replicate are transferred to dried, pre-weighed and labelled weigh pans (one per replicate), and killed using a drop of ethanol per weigh pan.
Kremenný piesok
The weigh pans are placed in a drying oven at 100 ± 5 °C to dry overnight, after which they are weighed after cooling in a desiccator, and worm dry weight is determined (preferably in g, at least 4 post-decimal digits).
Veľkosť zrniek:
In addition to the total dry weight, the ash-free dry weight may be determined as described in (49) in order to account for inorganic components originating from ingested sediment present in the alimentary tract of the worms.
≤ 2 mm, ale > 50 % častíc by malo mať veľkosť v rozsahu 50 – 200 μm
The biomass is determined as total biomass per replicate including adult and young worms.
75 – 76
Dead worms should not be taken into account for the determination of biomass per replicate.
Kaolín
Verification of test chemical concentrations
Obsah kaolinitu ≥ 30 %
Sampling
Zdroj potravy
Samples for chemical analysis of the test chemical should be taken at least of the highest concentration and a lower one, at least at the end of the equilibration phase (before adding the test organisms), and at the end of the test.
napr. rozomleté listy žihľavy obyčajnej (Folia urticae), listy pŕhľavy dvojdomej (Urtica dioica), jemne rozomleté (veľkosť častíc ≤0,5 mm);
At least the bulk sediment and the overlying water should be sampled for analysis.
v súlade s farmaceutickými normami pre ľudskú spotrebu, pridané do suchého sedimentu
At least two samples should be taken per matrix and treatment on each sampling date.
0,4 – 0,5 %
One of the duplicate samples may be stored as a reserve (to be analysed e.g. in the event that initial analysis falls outside the ± 20 % range from the nominal concentration).
Organický uhlík
In case of specific chemical properties, e.g. if rapid degradation of the test chemical is expected, the analytical schedule may be refined (e.g. more frequent sampling, analysis of more concentration levels) on the basis of expert judgment.
Upravený pridaním rašeliny a piesku
Samples may then be taken on intermediate sampling dates (e.g. on day seven after start of exposure).
Uhličitan vápenatý
The overlying water should be sampled by carefully decanting or siphoning off the overlying water so as to minimise perturbation of the sediment.
CaCO3, práškový, chemicky čistý, pridaný do suchého sedimentu
The volume of the samples should be recorded.
Deionizovaná voda
After the overlying water has been removed, the sediment should be homogenised and transferred to a suitable container.
Vodivosť ≤ 10 μS/cm, pridaná do suchého sedimentu
The weight of the wet sediment sample is recorded.
30 – 50
For example, approximately 200 ml of wet sediment can be filled into 250 ml centrifugation beakers.
Príprava
Thereafter the samples should be centrifuged without filtration to isolate the porewater, e.g. at 10000 ± 600 × g for 30 - 60 min at a temperature not exceeding the temperature used in the test.
Rašelina sa usuší vzduchom a rozomelie na jemný prášok.
After centrifugation, the supernatant is decanted or pipetted taking care that no sediment particles are introduced, and the volume is recorded.
V deionizovanej vode sa pomocou vysokovýkonného homogenizačného prístroja pripraví suspenzia požadovaného množstva rašelinového prášku.
The weight of the remaining sediment pellet is recorded.
Hodnota pH tejto suspenzie sa upraví na 5,5 ± 0,5 pomocou CaCO3.
It may facilitate the estimation of the mass balance or recovery of the test chemical in the water-sediment system, if the sediment dry weight is determined at each sampling date.
Suspenzia sa najmenej dva dni nechá kondicionovať s jemným premiešavaním pri teplote 20 ± 2 °C, aby sa stabilizovala hodnota pH a vytvorila stabilná mikrobiálna zložka.
In some cases it might not be possible to analyse concentrations in the pore water as the sample size is too small.
Opäť sa zmeria hodnota pH, ktorá by mala byť na úrovni 6,0 ± 0,5.
Failing immediate analysis, all samples should be stored by an appropriate method, e.g. under the storage conditions recommended for minimum degradation of the particular test chemical (e.g., environmental samples are commonly stored at – 18 °C in the dark).
Rašelinová suspenzia sa následne zmieša s ostatnými zložkami (pieskom a kaolínom) a s deionizovanou vodou, aby sa získal homogénny sediment s obsahom vody v rozsahu 30 – 50 % suchej hmotnosti sedimentu.
Since the whole procedure is governed essentially by the accuracy, precision and sensitivity of the analytical method used for the test chemical, check experimentally that the precision and reproducibility of the chemical analysis, as well as the recovery of the test chemical from water and sediment samples are satisfactory for the particular method at least at the lowest and highest test concentrations.
Odoberú sa vzorky sedimentu, aby sa určila suchá hmotnosť a obsah organického uhlíka.
Also, check that the test chemical is not detectable in the control chambers in concentrations higher than the limit of quantification.
Ak sa však očakáva vyvíjanie amoniaku, umelo pripravený sediment sa môže kondicionovať sedem dní za rovnakých podmienok, aké budú prevládať v následnom teste (napr. pomer sediment – voda 1: 4, výška vrstvy sedimentu ako v testovacích nádobách), pred tým, ako bude obohatený testovanou chemikáliou, t. j. mal by sa prekryť vrstvou vody, ktorá sa bude prevzdušňovať.
If necessary, correct the nominal concentrations for the recoveries of quality control spikes (e.g. where recovery is outside 80 - 120 % of spiked amount).
Na konci obdobia uvádzania do podmienok je nutné odstrániť a zlikvidovať nadložnú vodu.
Handle all samples throughout the test in such a manner so as to minimise contamination and loss (e.g. resulting from adsorption of the test chemical on the sampling device).
Následne sa obohatený kremenný piesok zmieša so sedimentom pre každú úroveň aplikovanej chemikálie, sediment sa rozdelí do paralelných testovacích nádob a prekryje testovacou vodou.
The recovery of test chemical, the limit of quantification, and the limit of detection in sediment and water should be recorded and reported.
Nádoby sa potom inkubujú za rovnakých podmienok, aké sa použijú v nasledujúcom teste.
The main mandatory response variables of the test to be evaluated statistically are the biomass and the total number of worms per replicate.
V tomto bode sa začína obdobie dosahovania rovnováhy.
Optionally, reproduction (as increase of worm numbers) and growth (as increase of dry biomass) could be also evaluated.
Nadložnú vodu je potrebné prevzdušňovať.
In this case, an estimate of the dry weight of the worms at start of exposure should be obtained e.g. by measurement of the dry weight of a representative sub-sample of the batch of synchronised worms to be used for the test.
Najskôr ho možno zmiešať s rašelinovou suspenziou (pozri vyššie).
Although mortality is not an endpoint of this test, mortalities should be evaluated as far as possible.
Nadmernej degradácii zdroja potravy pred pridaním testovacích organizmov – napr. v prípade dlhého obdobia dosahovania rovnováhy – však možno predísť tým, že obdobie medzi pridaním potravy a začiatkom expozície bude čo najkratšie.