natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
content of the substance adsorbed on the soil at adsorption equilibrium (μg g-1);
obsah látky adsorbovanej na pôde pri adsorpčnej rovnováhe (μg g-1);
mass concentration of the substance in the aqueous phase at adsorption equilibrium (μg cm-3).
hmotnostná koncentrácia látky vo vodnej fáze pri adsorpčnej rovnováhe (μg cm-3).
This concentration is analytically determined taking into account the values given by the blanks;
Táto koncentrácia sa stanoví pomocou hodnôt získaných zo slepého pokusu
mass of the substance adsorbed on the soil at adsorption equilibrium (μg);
hmotnosť látky adsorbovanej na pôde v čase adsorpčnej rovnováhy (μg);
mass of the substance in the solution at adsorption equilibrium (μg);
hmotnosť látky v roztoku v čase adsorpčnej rovnováhy (μg);
quantity of the soil phase, expressed in dry mass of soil (g);
množstvo pevnej fázy, vyjadrenej ako sušina (suchá pôda) (g);
initial volume of the aqueous phase in contact with the soil (cm3).
počiatočný objem vodnej fázy v styku s pôdou (cm3).
The relation between Aeq and Kd is given by:
Vsťah medzi Aeq a Kd je daný
percentage of adsorption at adsorption equilibrium, %.
percento adsorpcie pri adsorpčnej rovnováhe, %.
The organic carbon normalised adsorption coefficient Koc relates the distribution coefficient Kd to the content of organic carbon of the soil sample:
Organický uhlík normalizovaný adsorpčný koeficient Koc súvisí s distribučným koeficientom Kd k obsahu organického uhlíka vo vzorke pôdy:
%OC percentage of organic carbon in the soil sample (g g-1).
%OC percento organického uhlíka vo vzorke pôdy (g g-1).
Koc coefficient represents a single value which characterises the partitioning mainly of non-polar organic chemicals between organic carbon in the soil or sediment and water.
Koc koeficient predstavuje jednoduchú hodnotu, ktorá charakterizuje účasť vo väčšine nepolárnych organických zlúčenín medzi organickým uhlíkom v pôde alebo sedimentom a vodou.
The adsorption of these chemicals is correlated with the organic content of the sorbing solid (7); thus, Koc values depend on the specific characteristics of the humic fractions which differ considerably in sorption capacity, due to differences in origin, genesis, etc.
Adsorpcia týchto chemikálií sa koreluje na obsah organicky sorbujúcej tuhej látky (7), kde hodnoty Koc závisia od špecifických charakteristík glejovitých frakcií, ktoré sa významne odlišujú v sorpčnej kapacite vzhľadom na odlišnosti v pôvode, vývoji atď.
The Freundlich adsorption isotherms equation relates the amount of the test substance adsorbed to the concentration of the test substance in solution at equilibrium (equation 8).
Rovnica pre Freundlichove adsorpčné izotermy súvisí s množstvom adsorbovanej testovanej látky ku koncentrácii testovanej látky v roztoku pri rovnováhe (rovnica 8).
The data are treated as under ‘Adsorption’ and, for each test tube, the content of the test substance adsorbed on the soil after the adsorption test (Cs
Výsledky sa triedia ako „adsopcia“ a na každú testovaciu trubicu, obsah adsorbovanejtestovacej látky na pôdu po adsorbčnom teste [Cs
, elsewhere denoted as x/m) is calculated.
, je niekde inde označená ako x/m] sa vypočíta.
It is assumed that equilibrium has been attained and that Cs
Predpokladá sa, že rovnováha bola dosiahnutá a Cs
represents the equilibrium value:
reprezentuje hodnotu rovnováhy:
The Freundlich adsorption equation is shown in (8):
Freundlichova adsorpčná rovnica je zobrazená v (8).
or in the linear form:
alebo v lineárnom tvare:
Freundlich adsorption coefficient; its dimension is cm3 g-1 only if 1/n = 1; in all other cases, the slope 1/n is introduced in the dimension of KF
Freundlichov adsorbčný koeficient; jeho rozmer je cm3 g-1. Len ak l/n = 1; vo všetkých ostatných prípadoch strmosť l/n je daná rozmerom KF
(μg1-1/n (cm3)1/n g-1);
(μg1-1/n (cm3) 1/n g-1);
n regression constant; 1/n generally ranges between 0,7-1,0 indicating that sorption data is frequently slightly non-linear.
n regresná konštanta; l/n bežný rozsah je v rozpätí 0,7 – 1,0, indikuje, že sorpčné údaje sú často mierne nelineárne.
Equations (8) and (9) are plotted and the values of KF
Rovnice (8) a (9) sú zaznamenané a hodnoty KF
and 1/n are calculated by regression analysis using the equation 9.
a l/n sú vypočítané regresnou analýzou s využitím rovnice (9).
The correlation coefficient r2 of the log equation is also calculated.
Korelačný koeficient r2 z logaritmickej rovnice je tiež vypočítaný.
An example of such plots is given in Fig. 2.
Príklad takéhoto zobrazenia je na obr.2.
Fig. 2 Freundlich Adsorption Plot, normal and linearised
Obr. 2. Freundlichova adsorpčná krivka normálna a linearizovaná
Mass balance
Hmotnostná bilancia
The mass balance (MB) is defined as the percentage of substance which can be analytically recovered after an adsorption test versus the nominal amount of substance at the beginning of the test.
Hmotnostná bilancia (MB) je definovaná ako percento látky, ktorá môže byť analyticky obnovená po adsorpcii testu oproti počiatočnému množstvu látky na začiatku testu.
The treatment of data will differ if the solvent is completely miscible with water.
Spracovanie výsledkov sa bude líšiť, ak je rozpúšťadlo kompletne miešateľné s vodou.
In the case of water-miscible solvent, the treatment of data described under ‘Desorption’ may be applied to determine the amount of substance recovered by solvent extraction.
V prípade vodou miešateľného rozpúšťadla je spracovanie výsledkov opísané v časti „Opis“, môže byť aplikované na stanovenie množstva látky obnovenej po extrakcii rozpúšťadla.
If the solvent is less miscible with water, the determination of the amount recovered has to be made.
Ak je rozpúšťadlo menej miešateľné s vodou, stanovenie/určenie obnoveného množstva sa musí stanoviť.
The mass balance MB for the adsorption is calculated as follows; it is assumed that the term (mE) corresponds to the sum of the test chemical masses extracted from the soil and surface of the test vessel with an organic solvent:
Hmotnostná bilancia MB na adsorpciu sa vypočíta nasledovne: vychádza sa z toho, že údaj (mE) korešponduje so sumou hmotností testovaných chemikálií extrahovaných z pôdy a povrchu testovaných pojív s rozpúšťadlom.
MB mass balance (%);
MB hmotnostná bilancia ( %);
total mass of test substance extracted from the soil and walls of the test vessel in two steps (μg);
celková hmotnosť testovanej látky vyextrahovanej z pôdy a stien testovacej nádoby v dvoch krokoch (μg);
initial mass concentration of the test solution in contact with the soil (μg cm-3);
počiatočná hmotnostná koncentrácia testovaného roztoku v styku s pôdou (μg cm-3);
volume of the supernatant recovered after the adsorption equilibrium (cm-3).
objem kalu obnoveného po adsorpčnej rovnováhe (cm-3).
DESORPTION
DESORPCIA
The desorption (D) is defined as the percentage of the test substance which is desorbed, related to the quantity of substance previously adsorbed, under the test conditions:
Desorpcia (D) je definovaná ako percento testovanej látky, ktoré je desorbované, vztiahnuté ku kvantite látky, ktorá bola adsorbovaná predtým za testovacích podmienok.
desorption percentage at a time point ti(%);
desorpčné percento v jednotkovom bode/čase ti ( %);
mass of the test substance desorbed from soil at a time point ti (μg);
hmotnosť testovanej látky desorbovanej z pôdy v časovom bode ti (μg);
mass of the test substance adsorbed on soil at adsorption equilibrium (μg).
hmotnosť testovanej látky adsorbovanej do pôdy pri adsorpčnej rovnováhe (μg).
Detailed information on how to calculate the percentage of desorption Dti
Podrobné informácie o tom, ako sa má postupovať pri výpočte percenta desorpcie Dti
The apparent desorption coefficient (Kdes) is, under the test conditions, the ratio between the content of the substance remaining in the soil phase and the mass concentration of the desorbed substance in the aqueous solution, when desorption equilibrium is reached:
Zjavný desorpčný koeficient (Kdes) je, za podmienok testu, pomer medzi obsahom lát zadržanej v pôde a hmotnostnou koncentráciou desorbovanej látky vo vodnom roztoku dosiahnutí desorpčnej rovnováhy.
desorption coefficient (cm3 g-1);
dessorpčný koeficient (cm3 g-1);
total mass of the test substance desorbed from soil at desorption equilibrium (μg);
celková hmotnosť testovanej látky desorbovanej z pôdy pri desorpčnej rovnováhe (μg);
total volume of the aqueous phase in contact with the soil during the desorption kinetics test (cm3).
celkový objem vodnej fázy v kontakte s pôdou počas desorpčných kinetických testov (cm3).
Guidance for calculating the maq
Návod na výpočet maq
is given in Appendix 5 under the heading ‘Desorption’.
je uvedený v dodatku 5, v časti pod názvom „Desorpcia“.
If the adsorption test which was preceded, was performed with the parallel method the volume VT in the equation (12) is considered to be equal to V0.
Ak bol urobený adsorpčný test, ktorý sa vykonal paralelnou metódou, objem VT v rovnici 12 by mal byť rovnaký s objemom Vo.
The Freundlich desorption isotherms equation relates the content of the test substance remaining adsorbed on the soil to the concentration of the test substance in solution at desorption equilibrium (equation 16).
Rovnica pre Freundlichove desorpčné izotermy udáva vzťah obsahu testovanej látky, zadržanej adsorpciou na vzorke pôdy, ku koncentrácii testovanej látky v roztoku pri adsorpčnej rovnováhe (rovnica 16).
For each test tube, the content of the substance remaining adsorbed on soil at desorption equilibrium is calculated as follows:
Pre každú testovaciu trubicu sa obsah látky zadržanej adsorbciou na pôdnej vzorke pri desorpčnej rovnováhe vypočíta nasledovne:
content of the test substance remaining adsorbed on the soil at desorption equilibrium (μg g-1);
obsah testovanej látky zadržanej na pôdnej vzorke pri desorpčnej rovnováhe (μg g-1);
mass of substance determined analytically in the aqueous phase at desorption equilibrium (μg);
hmotnosť látky stanovenej analyticky vo vodnej fáze pri desorpčnej rovnováhe (μg);
mass of the test substance left over from the adsorption equilibrium due to incomplete volume replacement (μg);
hmotnosť zostatkovej testovanej látky po adsorpčnej rovnováhe ku nekompletnému náhradnému objemu (μg);
volume of the solution taken from the tube for the measurement of the test substance, at desorption equilibrium (cm3);
objem odobratého roztoku z trubice na stanovenie testovanej látky pri adsorpčnej rovnováhe (cm3);
volume of the supernatant removed from the tube after the attainment of adsorption equilibrium and replaced by the same volume of a 0,01 M CaCl2 solution (cm3);
objem glejovitého roztoku odobratého z trubice po dosiahnutí adsorpčnej rovnováhy a nahradení toho istého objemu 0,01M roztokom CaCl2 (cm3);
The Freundlich desorption equation is shown in (16):
Freundlichova desorpčná rovnica je v (16):
Freundlich desorption coefficient;
Freundlichov desorpčný koeficient;
n regression constant;
n regresná konštanta;
mass concentration of the substance in the aqueous phase at desorption equilibrium (μg cm-3).
hmotnostná koncentrácia látky vo vodnej fáze pri desorpčnej rovnováhe (μg cm-3).
The equations (16) and (17) can be plotted and the value of KF
Rovnice 16 a 17 sa môžu znázorniť a hodnoty KF
and 1/n are calculated by regression analysis using the equation 17.
a vypočítajú sa z regresnej analýzy použitím rovnice 17.
Remark:
Poznámka
if the Freundlich adsorption or desorption exponent 1/n is equal to 1, the Freundlich adsorption or desorption binding constant (KF
Ak Freundlichov adsorpčný alebo desorpčný exponent l/n je rovný 1, Freundlichova adsorpčná alebo desorpčná väzobná konštanta (KF
and KF
a KF
will be equal to the adsorption or desorption equilibrium constants (Kd and Kdes) respectively, and plots of Cs vs Caq will be linear.
bude rovná adsorbčnej a desorpčnej rovnovážnej konštante (Kd a Kdes) respektívne, a záznamy Cs a Caq budú lineárne.
If the exponents are not equal to 1, plots of Cs vs Caq will be non-linear and the adsorption and desorption constants will vary along the isotherms.
Ak exponent nie je rovný 1, záznamy Cs a Caq nebudú lineárne a adsorpčná a desorpčná konštanta sa budú meniť pozdĺž izotermy.
complete identification of the soil samples used including,
kompletnú identifikáciu použitých pôdnych vzoriek vrátane:
geographical reference of the site (latitude, longitude),
geografické odkazy o mieste (zemepisná šírka, zemepisná dĺžka),
date of sampling,
dátum vzorkovania,
use pattern (e.g. agricultural soil, forest, etc.),
použitý vzor (poľnohospodárska pôda, les atď.),
depth of sampling,
hĺbka vzorkovania,
sand/silt/clay content;
obsah piesku (bahna alebo ílu),
pH values (in 0,01 M CaCl2),
pH hodnoty (v 0,01 M CaCl2),
organic carbon content,
obsah organického uhlíka,
organic matter content,
obsah organickej hmoty,
nitrogen content,
obsah dusíka,
C/N ratio,
pomer C/N,
cation Exchange Capacity (mmol/kg),
kapacita výmeny katiónov (mmol/kg),
all information relating to the collection and storage of soil samples,
všetky informácie súvisiace s kumuláciou, skladovaním pôdnych vzoriek,
where appropriate, all relevant information for the interpretation of the adsorption — desorption of the test substance,
kde je to vhodné, všetky relevantné informácie na interpretáciu adsorpcie/desorpcie testovanej látky,
reference of the methods used for the determination of each parameter,
odkazy na metódy použité pre stanovenie každého parametra,
information on the test substance as appropriate,
informácie o testovanej látke, ak je to potrebné,
temperature of the experiments,
teplota pri experimente,
centrifugation conditions,
podmienky na odstreďovanie,
analytical procedure used to analyse the test substance,
analytický postup použitý na analýzu testovanej látky,
justification for any use of solubilising agent for the preparation of the stock solution of the test substance,
rozhodnutie o výbere rozpúšťacieho činidla na prípravu zásobného roztoku testovanej látky,
explanations of corrections made in the calculations, if relevant,
ak je to relevantné, uviesť korelácie robené výpočtom,
data according to the form sheet (Appendix 6) and graphical presentations,
údaje v súlade s prepisom ako je to v dodatku 6 a grafické znázornenie,
all information and observations helpful for the interpretation of the test results.
všetky informácie a pozorovania, ktoré môžu byť nápomocné pri interpretácii výsledkov testu.
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