natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In this article, the expression `discriminatory' means affording different treatment to different per-sons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disadvan-tages or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such descrip-tion.
Prin urmare, nu instanﾞa judecｭtoreascｭ, ôn mod direct, aplicｭ sancﾞiunea administrativｭ a retrage-rii autorizaﾞiei de funcﾞionare, ci ea emite o injoncﾞiune pentru autoritatea emitentｭ, ordonéndu-i acesteia sｭ procedeze la retragerea autorizaﾞiei. Textul nu prevede procedura de urmat ôn cazul ôn care autoritatea refuzｭ sｭ se conformeze ordinului instanﾞei.
The criminal code does not provide any definition of the term discrimination or a description of those instances which may constitute discriminatory treatment. Furthermore, to date the Maltese courts have not yet provided any such definition or description.
Poate fi vorba de judecｭtorie, tribunal, curte de apel sau Curtea Supremｭ de Justiﾞie ori instanﾞele militare, dupｭ cum poate fi vorba de o instanﾞｭ civilｭ, comercialｭ, de muncｭ, de contencios administrativ sau chiar penalｭ.
In addition, in its efforts to combat racism and xenophobia, the Maltese government has recently introduced a new provision in the criminal code by criminalising incitement to racial hatred.
Aceastｭ reglementare, pe léngｭ faptul cｭ este confuzｭ, poate duce, ôn concret, la soluﾞii aberante. Astfel, uneori, autorizaﾞia de funcﾞionare este datｭ nu de o autoritate administrativｭ, ci de un jude-cｭtor.
It is to be noted that the term `racial hatred' in this context refers to hatred against a group of persons in Malta defined by reference to colour, race, nationality (including citizenship) or ethnic or nation-al origins.
Spre exemplu, ônmatricularea la registrul comerﾞului a unei societｭﾞi comerciale se dispune de un judecｭtor delegat, care funcﾞioneazｭ ôn cadrul tribunalului.
Article 82A (1) provides that any person who uses any threatening, abusive or insulting words or behaviour, or displays any written or printed material which is threatening, abusive or insulting, or otherwise conducts himself in such a manner, with intent thereby to stir up racial hatred or where racial hatred is likely, having regard to all the circumstances, to be stirred up shall, on conviction, be liable to imprisonment for a term of six to 18 months.
Dacｭ litigiul privind faptele de discriminare se soluﾞioneazｭ la nivel de judecｭtorie, este posibil ca un judecｭtor de la judecｭtorie sｭ dea ordin judecｭtorului de la tribunal sｭ procedeze la radierea societｭﾞii comerciale. Cu siguran-ﾞa cele mai multe fapte de discriminare pe care legiuitorul le-a avut ôn vedere se petrec tocmai ôn cadrul societｭﾞilor comerciale, indiferent dacｭ e vorba de raporturi de muncｭ sau altele.
This act defines disability as the physical or men-tal impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of a person.
Ordonanﾞa 137/2000 prevede ôn art. 22 douｭ posibilitｭﾞi de reprezentare a victimelor discriminｭrii.
It is to be noted that such interpretation is only restricted to proceedings instituted before the industrial tribunal in cases of alleged discrimination in employ-ment under the employment and industrial relations act, 2002.
Cea de a doua posibilitate se referｭ la o victimｭ individualｭ, caz ôn care este necesar un mandat expres:
This legal notice does not apply to alleged discrimination under any other legislation in Malta.
¶(2) Organizaﾞiile de la alineatul precedent au calitate procesualｭ activｭ ﾙi ôn cazul ôn care discrimi-narea aduce atingere unei persoane fizice, la cererea acesteia din urmｭ.•
Article 3(1)(b) of the equal opportunities (persons with a disability) act, 2000, provides that a person is considered to be acting in a discriminatory manner when:
Deﾙi textul pare clar, fｭcénd distincﾞie ôntre victimｭ individualｭ ﾙi ¶grup de persoane• sau ¶comuni-tate•, practica instanﾞelor de judecatｭ, aﾙa redusｭ cum este, a demonstrat ceva diferit.
`he treats or proposes to treat a person less favourably on the basis of a characteristic that apper-tains generally to persons who have such a disability or a presumed characteristic that is gener-ally imputed to persons who have such a disability.'
Ôn céteva cazuri unei organizaﾞii neguvernamentale i s-a permis sｭ ônainteze o acﾞiune ôn numele unei persoane individuale fｭrｭ un mandat special7
It is argued that this could be deemed to constitute discrimination by association.
Instanﾞa superioarｭ a menﾞinut aceste decizii. Cum a ajuns curtea la concluzia acesta privind ce este un grup de persoane este imposibil de spus.
Furthermore, since Legal Notice 461 of 2004 now provides for the prohibition of both direct and indirect discrimination, and such definitions are taken from the Council directives, then it may be argued that Maltese law prohibits discrimination based on presumed characteristics.
O chestiune importantｭ care ôﾙi va afla rezolvarea ôn viitor se referｭ la dreptul unor astfel de orga-nizaﾞii de a adresa pléngeri ﾙi CNCD.
However, this has not been raised before by a judicial authority in Malta as yet.
Ôn sistemul de drept din Roménia formula ¶calitate procesua-lｭ activｭ• se referｭ la procedurile judiciare, ôn instanﾞe de judecatｭ.
Council Directives 2000/43/EC and 2000/78/EC define direct discrimination as an action where one person is treated less favourably than another is, has been or would be treated in a comparable situation.
ACCEPT › o organizaﾞie de drepturile omului care se preocupｭ ôn mod special de drepturile homosexualiilor are céteva cauze ôn tribunale privind comportamente discriminatorii ômpotriva unor persoane homosexuale.
In fact, as seen above, there is no specific definition of discrimination or discriminatory treatment in the act.
Judecｭtoria Iaﾙi, Deciziile Nr. 22050/2002 ﾙi Nr.
(1) A person shall discriminate against another person on the grounds of disability in any circum-stances relevant for the purposes of any provision of this act, if:
Recomandare: avénd ôn vedere diferenﾞele soluﾞiilor legislative ﾙi practica deja conturatｭ, CNCD ar putea avea iniﾞiativa uniformizｭrii legislative, pentru a veni ôn ajutorul victimelor discriminｭrii.
(b) he treats or proposes to treat a person less favourably on the basis of a characteristic that appertains generally to persons who have such a disability or a presumed characteristic that is generally imputed to persons who have such a disability'.
Sistemul de drept actual din Roménia este deficitar ôn privinﾞa asistenﾞei juridice gratuite. Ceea ce existｭ ca ¶apｭrare din oficiu• nu acoperｭ situaﾞiile de discriminare.
In terms of Article 5, discrimination on the grounds of disability could also arise if the disabled person is treated less favourably than others because he/she possesses or makes use of an auxil-iary aid.
38, prevｭzénd: ¶(3) Sindicatele ﾙi organizaﾞiile neguvernamentale care au calitatea sｭ reprezinte ôn justiﾞie persoanele discrimina-te ôntreprind acﾞiunea ôn mod gratuit atunci cénd persoana discriminatｭ nu dispune de mijloacele materiale necesare.•
Article 6 refers to that discrimination to which a person may be subjected due to the fact that he/she is accompanied by an assistant due to his/her disability.
33 (1) sindicatele ar trebui sｭ joace rolul de mediator, deci sｭ aibｭ o poziﾞie impar-ﾞialｭ; cum ar putea ele dupｭ aceea sｭ devinｭ reprezentante ale victimelor?
Legal Notice 461 of 2004 issued under the employment and industrial relations act, 2002, provides for the prohibition against direct discrimination. Regulation 3(2)(a) provides that direct discrimina-tory treatment shall be taken to occur where one person is treated less favourably than another is, has been or would be treated.
Recomandare: CNCD ar trebui sｭ iniﾞieze mｭsuri legislative coerente de asistenﾞｭ a victimelor discriminｭrii, inclusiv prin susﾞinerea actualelor iniﾞiative de introducere a asistenﾞei juridice gra-tuite.
This provision is taken from Article 3 of the directives.
Ôn acelaﾙi timp Legea 202/2002 trebuie modificatｭ.
Indirect discrimination, as defined in the directives arises when an apparently neutral provision, criterion or practice which would put persons of a racial or ethnic origin at a particular disadvan-tage compared with other persons, unless that provision, criterion or practice is objectively justi-fied by a legitimate aim and the means of achieving that aim are appropriate and necessary.
Taxa de timbru este una din cele mai mari piedici ale accesului efectiv la justiﾞie, avénd ôn vedere cuantumul foarte mare al acesteia: 10% din suma solicitatｭ, indiferent cu ce titlu (daune materiale, morale, altele).
When examining Maltese law, it can be argued that Article 4 of the equal opportunities (persons with disability) act, 2000, provides a prohibition against indirect discrimination.
Ordonanﾞa 137/2000 rezolvｭ de o manierｭ satisfｭcｭtoare aceastｭ problemｭ, prevｭzénd ôn art.
Regulation 3(2)(b) provides that `indirect dis-criminatory treatment shall be taken to occur where an apparently neutral provision, criterion or practice would put persons of a particular race or ethnic origin or having a particular religion or religious belief, disability, age, or sexual orientation at a disadvantage when compared with other persons.'
38 (1) ¶Pléngerile persoanelor care se considerｭ discriminate dupｭ criteriul de sex, adresate instanﾞelor judecｭtoreﾙti competente, sunt scutite de taxa de timbru•.
As this definition is taken from Article 2(2)(b) of Council Directive 2000/78, it is compatible with the provisions of the said directive.
Atunci cénd existｭ o chestiune conflictualｭ sau neclaritｭﾞi cu privire la legislaﾞia UE, instanﾞele naﾞionale pot trimite cauza la Curtea Europeanｭ de Justiﾞie de la Luxembourg, conform art.
In fact, the same test which applies to Article 2(2)(b) of Council Directive 2000/78 to determine whether there has been indirect discrimination or otherwise, applies to Regulation 3(2)(b) of Legal Notice 461 of 2004.
234 din tratat, fie la cererea pｭrﾞilor sau din oficiu de cｭtre judecｭtor. Doar instanﾞele judecｭtoreﾙti de ultim grad sunt obligate sｭ trimitｭ cazul cｭtre CEJ.
Council Directives 2000/43/EC and 2000/78/EC state that harassment shall be deemed to be dis-crimination when an unwanted conduct related to racial or ethnic origin takes place with the purpose or effect of violating the dignity of a person and of creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment.
s Autoritｭﾞile naﾞionale, mai ales cele publice pot sｭ devinｭ mai sensibile pentru a evita sｭ expu-nｭ la nivel pan-european discriminｭri care se ôntémplｭ la nivel naﾞional.
In this context, the concept of harassment may be defined in accordance with the national laws and practice of the Member States.
s Curtea Europeanｭ de Justiﾞie este singurul organ care poate da o interpretare definitivｭ a pre-vederilor Directivelor.
Under Maltese law, Legal Notice 461 of 2004, issued under the employment and industrial rela-tions act 2002, extended the protection from harassment in matters of employment on all the grounds mentioned in the two directives, and therefore now goes further than harassment on the ground of sex.
Cu toate acestea, procedura prezentatｭ este una specialｭ pentru care este nevoie de participarea unui avocat expert ôn legislaﾞia UE.
It defines harassment as a form of discriminatory treatment where it has the effect of violating the dignity of the person who is being harassed or where it has the effect of creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive environment for the person who is so subjected.
Ôn plus, trebuie de ﾙtiut cｭ procedura judecｭtoreascｭ ôn faﾞa instanﾞelor naﾞionale este suspendatｭ pénｭ cénd Curtea Europeanｭ Justiﾞie va decide asupra ches-tiunii cu care este sesizatｭ.
As against corresponding provisions of the directives, Regulation 3(3) of the said legal notice does not require that the effects of the harassment be cumulative.
Ôntérzierea care uneori poate dura o perioadｭ de pénｭ la doi ani poate avea consecinﾞe serioase asupra pretinsei victime.
Instructions to discriminate (Article 2(4))
Petiﾞiile adresate Parlamentului European
An instruction to discriminate against persons on the grounds mentioned in Council Directives 2000/43/EC and 2000/78/EC shall be deemed to be discrimination.
Comitetul cu privire la petiﾞii din cadrul Parlamentului European primeﾙte petiﾞii de la cetｭﾞenii Uniunii Europene care solicitｭ efectuarea de investigaﾞii ôn legｭturｭ cu ôncｭlcｭri ale drepturilor garantate ôn cadrul Uniunii Europene invocate ôn respectivele pléngeri.
Article 45(3) of the Constitution of Malta provides that no person shall be treated in a discrimina-tory manner by any person acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the func-tions of any public office or any public authority.
Este de asemenea posibil sｭ se adreseze scrisori directe Comisiei, o procedurｭ chiar mai rapidｭ decét cea prezentatｭ la punctul anterior.
The equal opportunities (persons with disability) act, 2000, and the equality for men and women act, 2003, do not contain specific prohibition against the giving of instructions to discriminate.
Acest proces poate avea ca efect ôncurajarea Comisiei de a iniﾞia procedurile ômpotriva violｭrilor sｭvérﾙite de state.
Legal Notice 461 of 2004 issued under the employment and industrial relations act, 2002, intro-duces into employment legislation in Malta the prohibition of the instruction to discriminate.
Comisia ﾙi Parlamentul sunt obligaﾞi de cｭtre Carta Drepturilor Omului a Uniunii Europene sｭ garanteze dreptul la bunｭ administrare (art.
Regulation 3(4) provides that a person shall also be deemed to have discriminated against anoth-er if he instructs any person to discriminate against such another person.
41): s Orice persoanｭ are dreptul de a-i fi rezolvate solicitｭrile adresate instituﾞiilor UE ôn mod impar-ﾞial, echitabil ﾙi ôn timp rezonabil.
Whereas with respect to instructions to discriminate given by the public authorities, one can plead Article 45(3) of the Constitution, in the case of the giving of instructions to discriminate in the private sphere, the legislative provisions outlined above do not appear to conform with the directives.
s Acest drept include: dreptul fiecｭrei persoane de a fi audiatｭ ônainte de a se lua ômpotriva ei vreo mｭsurｭ care sｭ-i atingｭ interesele sau sｭ o afecteze ôn vreun fel, dreptul de a avea acces la
This means that employers shall take appropriate measures, where needed in a particu-lar case, to enable a person with a disability to have access to, participate in, or advance in employ-ment, or to undergo training, unless such measures would impose a disproportionate burden on the employer.
s Fiecare persoanｭ are dreptul la despｭgubiri din partea Comunitｭﾞii Europene ôn cazul unor pagube create prin acﾞiunea instituﾞiilor UE ﾙi a propriilor angajaﾞi ôn exercitarea activitｭﾞii lor, ôn conformitate cu principiile comune din legislaﾞia statelor membre.
Article 7 of the equal opportunities (persons with disability) act, 2000, provides that employers must provide reasonable accommodation for employees with disabilities.
s Fiecare persoanｭ are dreptul sｭ adreseze petiﾞii instituﾞiilor Uniunii ôn una din limbile oficiale ale tratatelor ﾙi sｭ primeascｭ rｭspuns ôn aceeaﾙi limbｭ.
Such instances include, inter alia, if the employer unreasonably fails to make reasonable accommodation for the disability of such a person (unless the employer can prove that the required accommodation would unduly prejudice the operation of his trade or business), or if the employer denies employment opportunities to such a person and denial is based on the fact that he would be required to make reasonable accommodation for the disabil-ity of such person.
Ôn plus, dupｭ epuizarea tuturor cｭilor de atac naﾞionale, o persoanｭ se poate adresa Curﾞii Europe-ne a Drepturilor Omului de la Strasbourg, atunci cénd este vorba despre un caz ce cade sub inci-denﾞa prevederilor Convenﾞiei Europene a Drepturilor Omului.
Therefore, failure by the employer to provide an employee with a disability, with reasonable accommodation shall constitute direct discrimination.
Temeiul juridic ce poate fi invocat este fie articolul 14 din Convenﾞie cu condiﾞia ca situaﾞia respec-tivｭ sｭ cadｭ ﾙi sub incidenﾞa unui alt articol din Convenﾞie, fie chiar, ôn mod singular, prevederile Protocolului 12 la Convenﾞie, dacｭ statul l-a ratificat.
There is no requirement under Maltese legislation to provide reasonable accommodation to peo-ple discriminated against on the other grounds covered by the two directives.
Pléngeri colective pot fi fｭcute ﾙi ôn sistemul creat de Carta Socialｭ Europeanｭ, tot ôn cadrul Consi-liului Europei.
To date, there have been no judicial pronouncements with regards to what constitutes `reasonable' accommodation or whether such accommodation imposes a `disproportionate burden' on the per-sons who are required to make such accommodation.
Atunci cénd statul este parte la Protocolul Nr.1 al Pactului Internaﾞional privind Drepturile Civile ﾙi Politice sau ﾙi-a dat acordul la procedura individualｭ de petiﾞionare ôn cadrul Convenﾞiei privind Eliminarea tuturor Formelor de Discriminare Rasialｭ sau ôn cadrul Convenﾞiei privind Eliminarea Discriminｭrii ômpotriva Femeii, pot fi adresate pléngeri Comitetelor respective.
However, an indication as to what constitutes `reasonable' accommodation is laid down in Article 20 of the equal opportunities (persons with disability) act, 2000, which provides for the test of reasonableness.
Reprezentanﾞii ONG-urilor care preiau un caz de discriminare al unui individ sau al unui grup de indivizi trebuie sｭ fie conﾙtienﾞi cｭ au obligaﾞia de a respecta cele mai ônalte standarde profesiona-le, inclusiv respectarea confidenﾞialitｭﾞii ﾙi a administrｭrii eficiente a dosarelor.
Thus for the purposes of interpreting the provisions of the act, in determining the reasonableness of (a) any modification to rules, policies or practices, or (b) the removal of architec-
Ôn cazurile pe care ONG-urile nu sunt capabile sｭ le asiste, acestea trebuie sｭ fie ôn stare sｭ ofere informaﾞii utile ﾙi, dacｭ este posibil, sｭ le trimitｭ altei agenﾞii capabile sｭ ofere mai multｭ asistenﾞｭ sau ajutor.
Article 28 of the employment and industrial relations act provides that if any person (a) files a complaint to the lawful authorities or initiates or participates in proceedings for redress on grounds of alleged breach of the provisions of the act, or (b) discloses information, confidential or otherwise, to a designated public regulating body, regarding alleged illegal or corrupt activities being committed by his employer or by persons acting in the employer's name and interests, it is unlawful to victimise such person for having acted accordingly.
Urmｭtoarele ôntrebｭri sau teme de discuﾞie reprezintｭ céteva aspecte ¶de ﾙcoalｭ• sau mai ¶ﾙocan-te• care meritｭ a fi dezbｭtute de societatea civilｭ pentru a vedea: a) Ôn ce mｭsurｭ ôn societatea roméneascｭ existｭ o intoleranﾞｭ faﾞｭ de persoanele aparﾞinénd gru-purilor enumerate mai sus › chiar discriminare b) Cum se manifesta intoleranﾞa?
It is to be noted that although there are certain provisions of the two Council directives which have still not been implemented such as for example in the case of the specialised body, there are no provisions which are in breach (that is, contrary) of the said directives.
c) Ôn ce mｭsurｭ noi ônﾙine suntem purtｭtorii unor prejudecｭﾞi, chiar fｭrｭ voia noastrｭ ﾙi promo-vｭm, cu sau fｭrｭ intenﾞie, stereotipii ôn acest sens?
If appropriate, allow time to read carefully selected comments.
Dacｭ rｭspunsul este afir-mativ, DE CE?
The following are the reservations enforced by the Government of Malta in 1991:
Cénd sunteﾞi mai surprinﾙi/ﾙocaﾞi aflénd de o astfel de relaﾞie ?
At its 1396th meeting, held on 23 March 2000, it adopted the following concluding observations.
Vi se ôntémplｭ sｭ folosiﾞi termenul de secte cénd vｭ referiﾞi la alte religii?
While noting that the legislation covered many aspects of Article 5 of the Convention, the commit-tee expressed its concern that the report did not sufficiently describe how the legislation is applied in practice and requested that such information be included in the next report.
s mai ales pe cei/cele care renunﾞｭ la religia ortodoxｭ ﾙi trec la diferite religii neo-protes-tante, s sau pe cei/cele care trec la islamism s pentru voi are vreo importanﾞｭ faptul cｭ prin astfel de gesturi pot deveni din simpli cre-dincioﾙi niﾙte practicanﾞi mai fervenﾞi?
Discrimination in the national context
Discriminarea ôn contextul naﾞional f.
What measures, if any, have been taken by the government to address this?
s puteﾞi enumera céteva instituﾞii unde sunt amenajate rampe de acces?
Not much has been recorded to have been done.
s ce ﾙtiﾞi despre autism?
*** The trainers will have to ensure that they are themselves familiar with both the theoretical and practical aspects of utilising all the channels described below.
Chiar dacｭ existｭ persoane care au anumite prejudecｭﾞi cu privire la anumite grupuri ﾙi sｭvérﾙesc acte de discriminare ôn conﾙtinﾞｭ de cauzｭ, existｭ un numｭr mai mare de membri ai societｭﾞii care nu sunt conﾙtienﾞi cｭ actele lor sunt discriminatorii.
If they have no practical familiarity (for example of petitioning the European Parliament), they will have to have researched these mechanisms in order to acquire at least a theoretical knowledge of how they work.
Una dintre sarcinile principale ce trebuie ônde-plinite ôn lupta ômpotriva discriminｭrii constｭ tocmai ôn informarea ﾙi educarea societｭﾞii, ce poate fi realizatｭ prin mai multe mijloace.
Where national procedures with which they are unfamiliar are concerned they need to have acquired not only theoretical information but also practical knowledge from colleagues with the necessary experience.
Majoritatea victimelor discriminｭrii nu ôﾙi cunosc drepturile ﾙi nu ﾙtiu ce sｭ facｭ ﾙi unde sｭ caute ajutor.
What help is available to victims of discrimination?
Promovarea propriei organizaﾞii
The legislation on racial discrimination requires Member States to designate bodies for the promo-tion of equal treatment which will provide independent assistance to the victims of discrimination, conduct surveys and studies and publish independent reports and recommendations.
Ôn urma studiilor efectuate de principalii finanﾞatori ﾙi consorﾞii de ONG-uri s-a demonstrat cｭ pen-tru a lucra ôn mod eficient, ONG-urile trebuie nu numai sｭ ôncerce o conﾙtientizare a opiniei publi-ce cu privire la temele pe care le promoveazｭ, dar ﾙi cu privire la propria organizaﾞie.
In Malta there is currently no such independent body.
Acest aspect, deﾙi foarte important, este deseori neglijat.
Maltese legislation lays down various courses of action that one may follow should an indi-vidual believe that they were subjected to discriminatory treatment.
Este important pentru ONG-uri sｭ afirme ôn mod colectiv cum se coordoneazｭ activitｭﾞi-le lor cu planurile Guvernului.
Apart from recourse to action before the Civil Court, First Hall, sitting in its constitutional jurisdiction or the Constitu-tional Court, there exist other bodies where an alleged victim can address his or her com-plaint, depending on the nature of such complaint.
Unele ONG-uri sunt deseori mai capabile ôn a ôndeplini un obiectiv nerealizat pénｭ atunci, de a oferi un punct de vedere alternativ ﾙi de a stimula o dezbatere pe aspecte care nu sunt ôncｭ ôn atenﾞia Guvernului.