natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
- programul „Tineretul în acţiune” (2007-2013), a cărui prioritate principală o constituie susţinerea tinerilor cu mai puţine oportunităţi sau provenind din medii mai puţin favorizate,
- the 2007-2013 Youth in Action Programme, one of the main priorities of which is support for young people with fewer opportunities or from less privileged backgrounds,
- acţiunile Fondului Social European şi ale programului „Equal” pentru consolidarea integrării sociale şi combaterea discriminărilor şi pentru facilitarea accesului la piaţa muncii al persoanelor mai puţin favorizate,
- European Social Fund and Equal Programme initiatives to promote social integration and combat discrimination and facilitate access to the employment market for those with fewer opportunities,
- programul de iniţiativă „Urbact”, susţinut de UE, care urmăreşte schimbul de bune practici între oraşele europene, în scopul asigurării unui mediu mai viabil pentru locuitori, şi care cuprinde acţiuni vizând crearea unui mediu urban mai sigur pentru tineri, precum şi acţiuni de integrare socială pentru tinerii cei mai puţin favorizaţi în scopul socializării şi participării lor,
- the EU-funded Urbact initiative programme seeking an exchange of best practices between European cities regarding a more sustainable living environment and encompassing measures to improve urban safety for juveniles and facilitate social integration of juveniles with fewer opportunities, with a view to increasing their social involvement and participation,
- programe transnaţionale de iniţiativă cum ar fi „ Safety net for children and youth at risk”, axate pe adoptarea de măsuri în sprijinul copiilor şi tinerilor aflaţi în pericol sau în condiţii de excludere socială, programe la care pot şi trebuie să participe parteneri din cât mai multe state membre,
- cross-border initiatives such as the 'Let bind safe net for children and youth at risk' project focusing on measures to assist children and juveniles who are at risk or socially marginalised, which could benefit from the participation of partners from as many Member States as possible,
- linia telefonică europeană pentru copiii dispăruţi, printre care se numără şi victime ale delincvenţei juvenile;
- the European helpline for missing children, including victims of juvenile delinquency;
JO L 298, 17.10.1989, p.
OJ L 298, 17.10.1989, p.
23 impune limite concrete difuzării de imagini violente şi, în general, de imagini nerecomandate pentru reeducarea copiilor, ceea ce reprezintă o măsură adecvată de prevenire a actelor de violenţă comise de minori sau în dauna minorilor; solicită Comisiei să ia măsuri complementare în acest sens, prin extinderea angajamentelor la sectorul telefoniei mobile şi la internet, acţiuni chemate să constituie priorităţi politice fundamentale în cadrul susmenţionatei comunicări a Comisiei privind drepturile copiilor;
23. sets strict limits regarding the broadcasting of violent images or, more generally, images unsuitable for the education of children, a measure designed to prevent violence by and against juveniles; calls on the Commission to take further steps in this direction, extending existing obligations to cover mobile telephony and the Internet, something which should be one of the fundamental political priorities in connection with the above Commission communication on the rights of the child;
34. solicită Comisiei să promoveze lansarea unui număr verde european pentru copiii şi adolescenţii în dificultate, având în vedere că aceste numere verzi pot contribui în mare măsură la prevenirea delincvenţei juvenile;
Calls on the Commission to continue its work on setting up a free Europe-wide telephone hotline for children and young people with problems, since such hotlines can make a significant contribution to preventing juvenile delinquency;
- finanţarea măsurilor preventive în cadrul programelor comunitare existente şi crearea unei noi linii bugetare pentru acţiuni şi reţele integrate în vederea combaterii delincvenţei juvenile,
- funding for preventive measures under existing Community programmes and the creation of a new budget heading for integrated actions and networks to combat juvenile delinquency,
- publicarea unui studiu şi, ulterior, a unei comunicări a Comisiei privind dimensiunile fenomenului în Europa şi pregătirile corespunzătoare prin intermediul unei reţele de experţi naţionali pentru elaborarea unui program-cadru integrat de combatere a delincvenţei juvenile;
- the publication of a study and, subsequently, a Commission communication on the extent of the problem in Europe and suitable preparations through a network of national experts for the drafting of an integrated framework programme to combat juvenile delinquency;
- examinarea celor mai bune practici de prevenire şi, în special, a modelelor de parteneriat dintre organismele private şi cele publice,
- consideration of best prevention practices and, in particular, forms of cooperation between private and public bodies,
- măsurarea şi analizarea eficacităţii pe care o pot avea pe termen lung unele sisteme recent dezvoltate în materie de delincvenţă juvenilă, cum ar fi justiţia restaurativă,
- measuring and analysing the possible long-term effectiveness of recently developed systems for the treatment of juvenile offenders, such as restorative justice,
- schimbul de bune practici la nivel internaţional, naţional şi local, ţinând seama de experienţele foarte pozitive înregistrate în cadrul programului DAPHNE de combatere a violenţei, program care, prin numeroasele sale proiecte eficiente în lupta împotriva violenţei, constituie el însuşi un exemplu de „bună practică”,
- exchanging best practices at international, national and local level, including the very positive experiences made with the European anti-violence programme Daphne, whose many efficient projects against violence can be cited as examples of best practice,
- garantarea că aceste practici şi servicii se vor concentra cu prioritate asupra protejării drepturilor copiilor şi adolescenţilor, precum şi asupra acordării unui sprijin corespunzător părinţilor,
- ensuring that these services and practices focus on the protection of the rights of children and adolescents and adequate support for parents;
- dezvoltarea unui model european pentru protecţia tinerilor, care să nu aibă drept scop principal impunerea de sancţiuni, ci să se concentreze mai degrabă asupra securităţii sociale a tinerilor şi asupra educaţiei, pe promovarea valorilor respectului şi a egalităţii, precum şi a drepturilor şi obligaţiilor tuturor,
developing a European model for the protection of young people, the main focus of which is not punishment but the social welfare of and educational support for young people and the promotion of values of respect and equality and the rights and obligations of everyone,
- elaborarea unor programe de educare şi de formare profesională pentru minori, care să faciliteze integrarea socială a acestora şi instaurarea unei reale egalităţi a şanselor prin intermediul formării continue, accesibile pentru toţi de-a lungul întregii vieţi, formarea eficientă pentru toţi constituind, împreună cu realizarea obiectivelor de la Barcelona, o premisă pentru prevenirea eficientă a violenţei; sprijinirea iniţiativelor existente, lansate în acest context, de organizaţiile de tineret,
- drawing up educational and vocational training programmes for juveniles in order to facilitate their social integration and achieve genuine equal opportunities through lifelong learning for everyone; efficient education for everyone from the outset and the implementation of the Barcelona objectives, which are a precondition for the effective prevention of violence; support for existing initiatives undertaken by youth organisation in that regard,
- organizarea unui program coordonat de formare continuă pentru mediatorii naţionali, forţele de poliţie şi membrii sistemului judecătoresc, organismele naţionale competente şi autorităţile de control,
- organising a coordinated programme of continuous training for national ombudsmen, police forces and members of the judiciary, competent national bodies and supervisory authorities,
- stabilirea unei reţele între serviciile competente ale autorităţilor locale şi regionale, organizaţiile de tineret şi comunitatea educaţională;
- networking the responsible services of the local and regional authorities, youth organisations and the educational community;
- investigarea colectivă şi difuzarea rezultatelor politicilor naţionale,
- a joint survey and dissemination of the results of national policies,
- organizarea de conferinţe şi platforme (forumuri) cu participarea unor experţi naţionali,
- the organisation of conferences and platforms (forums) with the participation of national experts,
- promovarea comunicării şi a informării între autorităţile competente şi organismele comunitare prin intermediul internetului, şi crearea unei pagini web, dedicată acestor aspecte,
- promotion of communication and information between the competent authorities and Community bodies via the Internet and the creation of a web page specialising in these matters,
- stabilirea unui centru internaţional de excelenţă;
- the establishment of an international centre of excellence;
39. încredinţează Preşedintelui sarcina de a transmite prezenta rezoluţie Consiliului şi Comisiei, Comitetului Economic şi Social, precum şi Comitetului Regiunilor.
Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.
There is currently a widespread perception in most European societies that there has been a progressive increase in juvenile delinquency and a heightening of the danger it poses, a perception also confirmed by national statistics and international research and studies.
There is currently a widespread perception in most European societies that there has been a progressive increase in juvenile delinquency and a heightening of the danger it poses, a perception also confirmed by national statistics and international research and studies.
Aetiological approach to contemporary juvenile delinquency
Aetiological approach to contemporary juvenile delinquency
It is extremely difficult to identify the exact reasons for delinquent behaviour in a juvenile.
It is extremely difficult to identify the exact reasons for delinquent behaviour in a juvenile.
This is because the specific act carried out by the juvenile is expressed in the context of a complex process of socialisation and social control.
This is because the specific act carried out by the juvenile is expressed in the context of a complex process of socialisation and social control.
Nevertheless, it is possible to make two reliable ascertainments.
Nevertheless, it is possible to make two reliable ascertainments.
Firstly, it is in no way the case that juvenile delinquency is a 'social disease' and that the behaviour of juvenile delinquents is attributable to physical, intellectual or mental abnormalities.
Firstly, it is in no way the case that juvenile delinquency is a 'social disease' and that the behaviour of juvenile delinquents is attributable to physical, intellectual or mental abnormalities.
Secondly, in order to analyse the behaviour of juveniles, delinquent or not, we must examine the environment in which they are developing: family, school, friends and social setting.
Secondly, in order to analyse the behaviour of juveniles, delinquent or not, we must examine the environment in which they are developing: family, school, friends and social setting.
Every cause and factor, therefore, relating to juvenile delinquent behaviour can be traced back to these points of reference.
Every cause and factor, therefore, relating to juvenile delinquent behaviour can be traced back to these points of reference.
However, caution is called for in identifying the actual causes.
However, caution is called for in identifying the actual causes.
For example, it is not the frequent physical absence of the parents or the fact of growing up in single-parent families which necessarily result in delinquency as much as the essential inability of the parents to carry out their duties of care towards their children or the absence of a healthy and quality relationship - because of financial, social and/or interpersonal problems - between the parents and children or between the parents themselves.
For example, it is not the frequent physical absence of the parents or the fact of growing up in single-parent families which necessarily result in delinquency as much as the essential inability of the parents to carry out their duties of care towards their children or the absence of a healthy and quality relationship - because of financial, social and/or interpersonal problems - between the parents and children or between the parents themselves.
It is not the failure of individual pupils but the inability of the school system to overcome their stigmatisation and marginalisation.
It is not the failure of individual pupils but the inability of the school system to overcome their stigmatisation and marginalisation.
Finally, it is not the identity of an immigrant which leads to an expression of delinquency but his social marginalisation.
Finally, it is not the identity of an immigrant which leads to an expression of delinquency but his social marginalisation.
In this day and age particularly, however, juveniles who find themselves catapulted into the adult world by external factors such as the media, technology and especially the internet frequently react aggressively to this invasion of their lives.
In this day and age particularly, however, juveniles who find themselves catapulted into the adult world by external factors such as the media, technology and especially the internet frequently react aggressively to this invasion of their lives.
Models for the management of juvenile delinquency
Models for the management of juvenile delinquency
In general terms, the management of delinquency and its social control has developed significantly.
In general terms, the management of delinquency and its social control has developed significantly.
It started with the protected model, whereby adults determined in each case the rights of the juvenile offender and the methods of 'improving' his behaviour.
It started with the protected model, whereby adults determined in each case the rights of the juvenile offender and the methods of 'improving' his behaviour.
Then the responsibility model was developed whereby the juvenile has specific, recognised rights from the outset and the aim of measures to combat delinquent behaviour is 'education through responsibility'.
Then the responsibility model was developed whereby the juvenile has specific, recognised rights from the outset and the aim of measures to combat delinquent behaviour is 'education through responsibility'.
The current approach seeks to incorporate restorative justice in the responsibility model, involving the victims themselves in the process and aiming to reconcile the parties by making good the damage.
The current approach seeks to incorporate restorative justice in the responsibility model, involving the victims themselves in the process and aiming to reconcile the parties by making good the damage.
There is, however another crucial consideration relating to the management of juvenile delinquency and the current models.
There is, however another crucial consideration relating to the management of juvenile delinquency and the current models.
In general, juveniles are particularly hostile to the official system of social control, to which they are more susceptible, given the incomplete development of their personality, their age and limited financial resources.
In general, juveniles are particularly hostile to the official system of social control, to which they are more susceptible, given the incomplete development of their personality, their age and limited financial resources.
At the same time, the penal system is particularly harsh on young people, treating as delinquency any juvenile rebellion against society fuelled by poverty and social exclusion, even where it is not criminal in nature, an approach which is not adopted with regard to adults.
At the same time, the penal system is particularly harsh on young people, treating as delinquency any juvenile rebellion against society fuelled by poverty and social exclusion, even where it is not criminal in nature, an approach which is not adopted with regard to adults.
Moreover, even acts of pre-delinquent behaviour or situation in which there is simply an inherent risk of delinquency (such as leaving home and seeking independence) are unjustifiably equated with delinquent behaviour.
Moreover, even acts of pre-delinquent behaviour or situation in which there is simply an inherent risk of delinquency (such as leaving home and seeking independence) are unjustifiably equated with delinquent behaviour.
Legislation and measures for managing juveniles should be liberal, and show the greatest possible understanding and tolerance towards juveniles and their problems without labelling them as suffering from forms of social pathogeny or describing any attempt at self determination as delinquency.
Legislation and measures for managing juveniles should be liberal, and show the greatest possible understanding and tolerance towards juveniles and their problems without labelling them as suffering from forms of social pathogeny or describing any attempt at self determination as delinquency.
Modern management approach should go one step further and, after gradually replacing custodial measures by other alternatives (deinstitutionalisation and dejudicialisation), switch to decriminalisation and depenalisation of juvenile acts.
Modern management approach should go one step further and, after gradually replacing custodial measures by other alternatives (deinstitutionalisation and dejudicialisation), switch to decriminalisation and depenalisation of juvenile acts.
This requires the abolition of penalties' in the majority of cases and, at the same time, the strengthening of socialising organisations and taking genuine preventive measures.
This requires the abolition of penalties' in the majority of cases and, at the same time, the strengthening of socialising organisations and taking genuine preventive measures.
Morals and standards of behaviour are not changed by laws and penalties but by educating young people 'in freedom' and the broadest possible social involvement which will strengthen trust between the generations, the family, the school community, the state, the neighbourhood, friendships and society as a whole.
Morals and standards of behaviour are not changed by laws and penalties but by educating young people 'in freedom' and the broadest possible social involvement which will strengthen trust between the generations, the family, the school community, the state, the neighbourhood, friendships and society as a whole.
The three pillars of prevention, social integration and legislative management measures
The three pillars of prevention, social integration and legislative management measures
A. Preventive mechanisms
A. Preventive mechanisms
Prevention should be the primary and main part of a strategy for combating juvenile delinquency.
Prevention should be the primary and main part of a strategy for combating juvenile delinquency.
The reason why historically 'repression' took precedence, while even up to the present the main emphasis is on penalization, is because prevention policies are long-term (their results are not immediately visible, which deprives governments and politicians of any immediate political gains), and particularly expensive.
The reason why historically 'repression' took precedence, while even up to the present the main emphasis is on penalization, is because prevention policies are long-term (their results are not immediately visible, which deprives governments and politicians of any immediate political gains), and particularly expensive.
Timely intervention by the welfare state to assist families and juveniles before the emergence of delinquent behaviour is clearly considerably more expensive than criminal or civil prosecution, even more so when a prevention strategy requires action from several different sectors, calling for joint responsibility and social participation directly and indirectly by the organisations involved.
Timely intervention by the welfare state to assist families and juveniles before the emergence of delinquent behaviour is clearly considerably more expensive than criminal or civil prosecution, even more so when a prevention strategy requires action from several different sectors, calling for joint responsibility and social participation directly and indirectly by the organisations involved.
In this respect, it would be a considerable achievement for society and the State at national and Community level to adopt a code of social prevention and solidarity for juveniles (offenders and victims), which is dissociated from the criminal justice systems.
In this respect, it would be a considerable achievement for society and the State at national and Community level to adopt a code of social prevention and solidarity for juveniles (offenders and victims), which is dissociated from the criminal justice systems.
B. Social integration mechanisms
B. Social integration mechanisms
Despite the current focus on the ways in which delinquent behaviour commences and the reasons for this, it is also extremely important to provide a way out of it.
Despite the current focus on the ways in which delinquent behaviour commences and the reasons for this, it is also extremely important to provide a way out of it.
As already mentioned, criminal procedure (even its educational form) is at best inadequate and at worst actually unsuitable for the reintegration and smooth reincorporation of juvenile delinquents into the social setting of family, school or the environment which they were trying to reject with their behaviour.
As already mentioned, criminal procedure (even its educational form) is at best inadequate and at worst actually unsuitable for the reintegration and smooth reincorporation of juvenile delinquents into the social setting of family, school or the environment which they were trying to reject with their behaviour.
The restoration of juveniles' trust in their immediate and broader social environment and the feeling that they belong to that environment is their most important way out of delinquency.
The restoration of juveniles' trust in their immediate and broader social environment and the feeling that they belong to that environment is their most important way out of delinquency.
However, this is not achieved through penalties and sanctions but by integrating them into all aspects and activities of their social environment - ensuring their education, smooth integration into the labour market, protecting their right to self expression and active participation in decision-makings at local and national level, offering them the possibility of creative leisure activities and recreation.
However, this is not achieved through penalties and sanctions but by integrating them into all aspects and activities of their social environment - ensuring their education, smooth integration into the labour market, protecting their right to self expression and active participation in decision-makings at local and national level, offering them the possibility of creative leisure activities and recreation.
C. Legislative management measures
C. Legislative management measures
As noted above, the most appropriate legislative measures take the form of four 'de-';
As noted above, the most appropriate legislative measures take the form of four 'de-';
- decriminalisation: i.e. the declassification of acts such as pre-delinquent behaviour or minor offences,
- decriminalisation: i.e. the declassification of acts such as pre-delinquent behaviour or minor offences,
- depenalisation: the abolition of penalties for the broad majority of offences and their substitution by educational and integrative measures,
- depenalisation: the abolition of penalties for the broad majority of offences and their substitution by educational and integrative measures,