natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This is the key criterion to ensure efficient and economic service provision, even when contracts are awarded directly, and thus effectively to exclude overcompensation .
This is the key criterion to ensure efficient and economic service provision, even when contracts are awarded directly, and thus effectively to exclude overcompensation .
I. Genesis of the current situation
I. Genesis of the current situation
V. Consideration by the Committee on Transport and Tourism
V. Consideration by the Committee on Transport and Tourism
Cerinţele de serviciu public pentru transportul feroviar şi rutier
Public service requirements for transport by rail and road
COM(2002)0107 and COM(2005)0319
COM(2002)0107 and COM(2005)0319
referitor la Cartea verde privind acţiunile în despăgubiri în cazul încălcării normelor comunitare antitrust
on the Green Paper on Damages actions for breach of the EC antitrust rules
Bert Doorn , Comisia pentru afaceri juridice
Bert Doorn , Committee on Legal Affairs
(*) Cooperare consolidată între comisii - articolul 47 din Regulamentul de procedură
(*) Enhanced cooperation between committees - Rule 47 of the Rules of Procedure
OPINION of the Committee on Legal Affairs ......................................................15
OPINION of the Committee on Legal Affairs (*) ................................................15
referitoare la Cartea verde privind acţiunile în despăgubiri în cazul încălcării normelor comunitare antitrust
on the Green Paper on Damages actions for breach of the EC antitrust rules
– având în vedere Cartea verde privind acţiunile în despăgubiri în cazul încălcării normelor comunitare antitrust ( COM(2005)0672 ) (Cartea verde privind acţiunile în despăgubiri),
– having regard to the Green Paper on Damages actions for breach of EC antitrust rules ( COM(2005)0672 ) (Green Paper on Damages),
- având în vedere raportul Comisiei privind politica de concurenţă pe anul 2004 ( SEC(2005)0805 ),
- having regard to the report from the Commission on competition policy 2004 ( SEC(2005)0805 ),
- având în vedere rezoluţia sa din 15 noiembrie 1961
- having regard to its resolution of 15 November 1961
JO 61, 15.11.1961, p.
OJ 61, 15.11.1961, p.
1409 , ca răspuns la solicitarea Consiliului de Miniştri CEE ca Parlamentul să fie consultat cu privire la propunerea de regulament iniţial de aplicare a articolelor 85 şi 86 din Tratatul CEE,
1409. , in reply to the EEC Council of Ministers' request for Parliament to be consulted in respect of the proposal for an initial implementing regulation concerning Articles 85 and 86 of the EEC Treaty,
- având în vedere Comunicarea Comisiei privind cooperarea dintre autorităţile naţionale de concurenţă (ANC) şi Comisie în instrumentarea cauzelor care intră sub incidenţa articolelor 85 şi 86 din Tratatul CE
- having regard to the Commission Notice on cooperation between national competition authorities (NCAs) and the Commission in handling cases falling within the scope of Articles 85 or 86 of the EC Treaty
JO C 313, 15.10.1997, p.
OJ C 313, 15.10.1997, p.
- având în vedere concluziile preşedinţiei Consiliului European de la Lisabona din 23 şi 24 martie 2000, ale Consiliului European de la Gothenburg din 15 şi 16 iunie 2001, ale Consiliului European de la Laeken din 14 şi 15 decembrie 2001, ale Consiliului European de la Barcelona din 15 şi 16 martie 2002 şi Consiliilor Europene de la Bruxelles din 20 şi 21 martie 2003, 25 şi 26 martie 2004, 22 şi 23 martie 2005 şi 23 şi 24 martie 2006,
- having regard to the Presidency conclusions of the Lisbon European Council of 23 and 24 March 2000, the Gothenburg European Council of 15 and 16 June 2001, the Laeken European Council of 14 and 15 December 2001, the Barcelona European Council of 15 and 16 March 2002, and the Brussels European Councils of 20 and 21 March 2003, 25 and 26 March 2004, 22 and 23 March 2005, and 23 and 24 March 2006,
- având în vedere raportul publicat în noiembrie 2004 de Grupul la nivel înalt privind Strategia de la Lisabona, intitulat „Înfruntarea provocărilor - Strategia de la Lisabona pentru creştere şi ocuparea forţei de muncă”,
- having regard to the report published in November 2004 by the High Level Group on the Lisbon Strategy, entitled 'Facing the challenge - The Lisbon Strategy for growth and employment',
JO L 68, 6.3.2004, p.
OJ L 68, 6.3.2004, p.
JO L 123, 27.4.2004, p.
OJ L 123, 27.4.2004, p.
- având în vedere instrumentele internaţionale care recunosc dreptul la protecţie juridică eficientă şi, în special, Declaraţia Universală a Drepturilor Omului, Pactul internaţional cu privire la drepturile civile şi politice şi Pactul internaţional cu privire la drepturile economice, sociale şi culturale, precum şi protocoalele la acestea,
- having regard to the international instruments that recognise the right to effective judicial protection and in particular the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as the protocols thereto,
- având în vedere articolul 6 din Convenţia europeană pentru apărarea drepturilor omului şi a libertăţilor fundamentale şi protocoalele anexate acesteia,
- having regard to Article 6 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the protocols thereto,
- având în vedere articolul 47 din Carta drepturilor fundamentale a Uniunii Europene,
- having regard to Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union,
- având în vedere articolul 45 din Regulamentul său de procedură,
- having regard to Article 45 of its Rules of Procedure,
– având în vedere raportul Comisiei pentru afaceri economice şi monetare şi avizul Comisiei pentru afaceri juridice ( A6–0133/2007 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and the opinion of the Committee on Legal Affairs ( A6‑0133/2007 ),
A. întrucât politica din domeniul concurenţei a făcut de la bun început parte din proiectul de integrare europeană şi este un element cheie în cadrul procesului de construcţie a Uniunii Europene;
A. whereas competition policy has formed part of the European integration venture from the outset and is key to the process of the construction of the European Union,
B. întrucât concurenţa liberă şi loială este esenţială pentru îndeplinirea obiectivelor Strategiei de la Lisabona-Göteborg, pentru vitalitatea pieţei interne, excelenţa antreprenorială, interesele consumatorilor şi obiectivele Uniunii Europene, în timp ce comportamentul anticoncurenţial dăunează acestor obiective;
B. whereas free and undistorted competition is essential to achieving the objectives of the Lisbon-Göteborg strategy, the vitality of the internal market, entrepreneurial excellence, consumer interests and the goals of the European Union, while anti-competitive behaviour is prejudicial to those objectives,
C. întrucât articolele 81 şi 82 din Tratatul CE sunt dispoziţii de ordine publică care produc efecte directe şi care ar trebui să fie automat aplicate de către autorităţile competente; întrucât acestea creează drepturi între persoane pe care autorităţile judiciare ar trebui să le protejeze eficient, în conformitate cu jurisdicţia Curţii de Justiţie a Comunităţilor Europene, inclusiv cu hotărârea acesteia în cauza 20/62
C. whereas Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty are public policy provisions that have direct effects and that should automatically be applied by the competent authorities; whereas they create rights between individuals, which the judicial authorities should safeguard effectively in line with the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities, including the judgment in case 26/62
(Van Gend & Loos), remarcabilă, în special, pentru a fi fost prima dintr-o serie de cauze asemănătoare;
(Van Gend & Loos), which is notable, in particular, for being the precursor to subsequent cases,
D. întrucât în statele membre dreptul concurenţei este pus în aplicare, în special, prin canale de drept public şi există diferenţe şi obstacole considerabile la nivelul statelor membre care pot împiedica potenţialii reclamanţi să iniţieze acţiuni judiciare în despăgubiri;
D. whereas in the Member States, competition law is chiefly enforced through public-law channels and considerable differences and obstacles exist at Member State level which may prevent potential claimants from pursuing actions for compensation,
E. întrucât articolul 85 din Tratatul CE solicită Comisiei să garanteze aplicarea principiilor prevăzute la articolele 81 şi 82 din tratat privind dreptul concurenţei, întrucât tratatul prevede alte temeiuri juridice care pot contribui la aplicarea eficientă a acestor principii, cum ar fi articolele 65, 83, 95, 153 şi 308; şi întrucât Curtea de Justiţie consideră că, în absenţa unor norme comunitare care să reglementeze dreptul victimelor de a solicita despăgubiri în faţa tribunalelor naţionale, este de competenţa sistemului juridic din fiecare stat membru să desemneze instanţele competente şi să stabilească norme procedurale detaliate, care să se aplice în cazul acţiunilor menite să apere drepturile persoanelor, care decurg din legislaţia comunitară, cu condiţia ca aceste norme să nu fie mai puţin favorabile decât cele care se aplică la nivel naţional în cazul acţiunilor similare (principiul echivalenţei) şi cu condiţia ca acestea să nu facă imposibilă sau excesiv de dificilă exercitarea practică a drepturilor conferite de legislaţia comunitară (principiul eficienţei),
E. whereas Article 85 of the EC Treaty requires the Commission to ensure application of the principles laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty concerning competition law; whereas the Treaty provides for other legal bases that can contribute to the effectiveness of those principles, such as Articles 65, 83, 95, 153 and 308; and whereas as the Court of Justice considers that, in the absence of Community rules governing the right of victims to claim damages before the national courts, it is for the domestic legal system of each Member State to designate the courts and tribunals having jurisdiction and to lay down detailed procedural rules governing actions for safeguarding rights which individuals derive directly from Community law, provided that such rules are not less favourable than those governing similar domestic actions (in accordance with the principle of equivalence), and provided that they do not render practically impossible or excessively difficult the exercise of rights conferred by Community law (in accordance with the principle of effectiveness),
G. întrucât consumatorii şi întreprinderile care au suferit un prejudiciu în urma încălcării normelor comunitare antitrust ar trebui să aibă dreptul la despăgubiri,
G. whereas consumers and businesses that have suffered damage as a result of breach of antitrust rules should have a right to compensation,
H. întrucât evoluţiile normelor de drept civil european, în special în ceea ce priveşte accesul la justiţie, nu au ţinut pasul cu evoluţiile recente ale dreptului concurenţei pe piaţa internă comunitară;
H. whereas developments in EU civil justice rules, in particular as regards access to justice, have not kept pace with recent developments in Community competition law in the internal market,
I. întrucât în Cauza C-453/99
I. whereas in Case C-453/99
Courage Ltd v Crehan [2001] ECR I-6297. , Curtea de Justiţie a hotărât că, pentru a garanta faptul că articolul 81 din Tratatul CE este aplicat în întregime, persoanele şi întreprinderile pot pretinde despăgubiri pentru prejudiciul adus în urma unui contract sau a unui comportament care restrânge sau denaturează concurenţa;
Courage Ltd v Crehan [2001] ECR I-6297. , the Court of Justice ruled that, in order to ensure that Article 81 of the EC Treaty is fully effective, individuals and companies may claim compensation for damage caused to them by virtue of a contract or conduct that restricts or distorts competition,
J. întrucât mecanismele de recurs existente în cazul încălcării legislaţiei antitrust la nivel european nu garantează aplicarea completă a articolului 81 din Tratatul CE, în special în ceea ce priveşte victimele;
J. whereas the existing redress mechanisms for breach of antitrust rules at European level do not guarantee the full effectiveness of Article 81 of the EC Treaty, in particular with regard to victims,
K. întrucât multe state membre caută modalităţi pentru o mai bună protejare a consumatorilor prin autorizarea acţiunilor colective şi întrucât existenţa unor acţiuni diferite în acest sens pot duce la distorsionarea concurenţei pe piaţa internă;
K. whereas many Member States are examining ways better to protect consumers by allowing collective actions, and whereas differing courses of action may lead to the distortion of competition in the internal market,
L. întrucât orice propunere din partea Comisiei, în domenii care nu ţin de competenţa sa exclusivă, trebuie, în conformitate cu Tratatul CE, să respecte principiul subsidiarităţii şi cel al proporţionalităţii;
L. whereas any proposal by the Commission in areas for which the Commission does not have exclusive competence must, pursuant to the EC Treaty, comply with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality,
15. subliniază că daunele acordate reclamanţilor ar trebui să fie compensatorii şi ar trebui să nu depăşească prejudiciul adus ( damnum emergens ) şi pierderile cauzate ( lucrum cessans ), pentru a evita îmbogăţirea neechitabilă, iar capacitatea victimei de a micşora impactul daunei şi pierderile să poate fi luată în considerare; cu toate acestea, în cazul cartelurilor, este de părere că ar trebui să fie posibilă acordarea unei compensaţii duble faţă de cea a pierderilor, pe baze discreţionare, că primii solicitanţi care cooperează cu autorităţile de concurenţă în programe de clemenţă nu ar trebui să deţină responsabilitatea comună sau individuală, laolaltă cu ceilalţi vinovaţi şi că dobânzile ar trebui calculate de la data încălcării;
Emphasises that payments awarded to complainants should be compensatory and should not exceed the actual damage (damnum emergens) and losses ('lucrum cessans') suffered, in order to avoid unjust enrichment, and that the ability of the victim to mitigate the damage and losses may be taken into account; however in the case of cartels, suggests that it should be possible to award compensation of double the amount of damages on a discretionary basis, that first applicants cooperating with the competition authorities in leniency programmes should not be held jointly and severally liable with the other infringers, and that interest should be calculated from the date of the infringement;
19. consideră că, din motive de economie, rapiditate şi coerenţă, victimele ar trebui să poată introduce acţiuni comune, direct sau prin organizaţii cu acest obiect de activitate, stabilit prin statut;
Takes the view that for reasons of economy, speed and consistency, victims should be able voluntarily to bring joint actions, either directly or via organisations whose statutes have this as their object;
26. solicită Comisiei să pregătească o carte albă cu propuneri amănunţite privind facilitarea introducerii de acţiuni în despăgubiri individuale „stand alone” şi „follow on” pentru încălcarea normelor comunitare în domeniul concurenţei, care să abordeze, de o manieră cuprinzătoare, problemele ridicate în prezenta rezoluţie şi să propună, dacă este cazul, un cadru juridic adecvat; invită, de asemenea, Comisia să includă propuneri de consolidare a cooperării între toate autorităţile responsabile pentru aplicarea normelor comunitare antitrust;
Calls on the Commission to prepare a White Paper with detailed proposals to facilitate the bringing of "stand alone" and "follow on" private actions claiming damages for behaviour in breach of the Community competition rules, which addresses, in a comprehensive manner, the issues raised in this Resolution and gives consideration, where appropriate, to an adequate legal framework; also calls on the Commission to include therein proposals for strengthening the cooperation between all the authorities responsible for applying Community antitrust rules;
on the Green Paper: Damages actions for breach of the EC antitrust rules
on the Green Paper: Damages actions for breach of the EC antitrust rules
The Committee on Legal Affairs calls on the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, as the committee responsible, to incorporate the following suggestions in its motion for a resolution:
The Committee on Legal Affairs calls on the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, as the committee responsible, to incorporate the following suggestions in its motion for a resolution:
A. whereas consumers and businesses who have suffered damage as a result of breach of antitrust rules have a right to compensation,
A. whereas consumers and businesses who have suffered damage as a result of breach of antitrust rules have a right to compensation,
B. whereas in the Member States, competition law is chiefly enforced through public-law channels and considerable differences and obstacles exist at Member State level which may prevent potential claimants from pursuing actions for compensation,
B. whereas in the Member States, competition law is chiefly enforced through public-law channels and considerable differences and obstacles exist at Member State level which may prevent potential claimants from pursuing actions for compensation,
C. whereas Article 85 of the EC Treaty requires the Commission to ensure application of the principles laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty concerning competition law; whereas the Treaty provides for other legal bases that can contribute to the effectiveness of those principles, such as Article 65, which enables the European Union to eliminate obstacles to the good functioning of proceedings in civil matters having cross-border implications; and whereas as the Court of Justice considers that, in the absence of Community rules governing the right of victims to claim damages before the national courts, it is for the domestic legal system of each Member State to designate the courts and tribunals having jurisdiction and to lay down the detailed procedural rules governing actions for safeguarding rights which individuals derive directly from Community law, provided that such rules are not less favourable than those governing similar domestic actions (principle of equivalence), and provided that they do not render practically impossible or excessively difficult the exercise of rights conferred by Community law (principle of effectiveness),
C. whereas Article 85 of the EC Treaty requires the Commission to ensure application of the principles laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty concerning competition law; whereas the Treaty provides for other legal bases that can contribute to the effectiveness of those principles, such as Article 65, which enables the European Union to eliminate obstacles to the good functioning of proceedings in civil matters having cross-border implications; and whereas as the Court of Justice considers that, in the absence of Community rules governing the right of victims to claim damages before the national courts, it is for the domestic legal system of each Member State to designate the courts and tribunals having jurisdiction and to lay down the detailed procedural rules governing actions for safeguarding rights which individuals derive directly from Community law, provided that such rules are not less favourable than those governing similar domestic actions (principle of equivalence), and provided that they do not render practically impossible or excessively difficult the exercise of rights conferred by Community law (principle of effectiveness),
D. whereas developments in EU civil justice, in particular access to justice, have not kept pace with recent developments in EU competition law in the internal market,
D. whereas developments in EU civil justice, in particular access to justice, have not kept pace with recent developments in EU competition law in the internal market,
E. whereas any proposal by the Commission in areas for which the Commission does not have exclusive competence must – pursuant to the EC Treaty – comply with the subsidiarity principle and meet proportionality criteria,
E. whereas any proposal by the Commission in areas for which the Commission does not have exclusive competence must – pursuant to the EC Treaty – comply with the subsidiarity principle and meet proportionality criteria,
F. whereas in Case C-453/99 Courage v Crehan
F. whereas in Case C-453/99 Courage v Crehan
[2002] ECR I-6297. the Court of Justice ruled that, in order to ensure that Article 81 of the EC Treaty is fully effective, individuals and companies may claim compensation for damage caused to them by a contract or by conduct which restricts or distorts the play of competition,
[2002] ECR I-6297. the Court of Justice ruled that, in order to ensure that Article 81 of the EC Treaty is fully effective, individuals and companies may claim compensation for damage caused to them by a contract or by conduct which restricts or distorts the play of competition,
G. whereas the existing redress mechanisms for breach of antitrust rules at European level do not guarantee the full effectiveness of Article 81 of the EC Treaty, in particular with regard to victims,
G. whereas the existing redress mechanisms for breach of antitrust rules at European level do not guarantee the full effectiveness of Article 81 of the EC Treaty, in particular with regard to victims,
H. whereas many Member States are looking at ways to better protect consumers by allowing collective actions, and whereas differing courses of action may lead to distortion of competition in the internal market,
H. whereas many Member States are looking at ways to better protect consumers by allowing collective actions, and whereas differing courses of action may lead to distortion of competition in the internal market,
Considers that citizens or businesses suffering damage as a result of a breach of competition law should have the opportunity to claim compensation for their losses; considers furthermore that such breaches must be formally established through the applicable procedures and provided that injured parties' own interests are directly concerned;
Considers that citizens or businesses suffering damage as a result of a breach of competition law should have the opportunity to claim compensation for their losses; considers furthermore that such breaches must be formally established through the applicable procedures and provided that injured parties' own interests are directly concerned;
Considers, therefore, that the legal systems of the Member States should provide for effective civil law procedures whereby compensation may be claimed for damage resulting from breaches of antitrust law;
Considers, therefore, that the legal systems of the Member States should provide for effective civil law procedures whereby compensation may be claimed for damage resulting from breaches of antitrust law;
Considers that any Commission initiative governing the right of victims to claim damages before the national courts must be accompanied by an impact assessment that evaluates the legal basis of the initiative and its compliance with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, and must reflect the delicate balances of centuries of development in the different legal systems across the EU;
Considers that any Commission initiative governing the right of victims to claim damages before the national courts must be accompanied by an impact assessment that evaluates the legal basis of the initiative and its compliance with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, and must reflect the delicate balances of centuries of development in the different legal systems across the EU;
Urges those Member States in which citizens and businesses do not yet have such an effective right to claim compensation to adapt their civil procedural law;
Urges those Member States in which citizens and businesses do not yet have such an effective right to claim compensation to adapt their civil procedural law;