natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The fall of the Berlin Wall, the absence of major east/west tension and rivalry over global economic models have significantly boosted global cooperation in a range of important areas (UN reform, nuclear disarmament, effective deals on global health, the WTO’s Doha round negotiations, etc.).
The fall of the Berlin Wall, the absence of major east/west tension and rivalry over global economic models have significantly boosted global cooperation in a range of important areas (UN reform, nuclear disarmament, effective deals on global health, the WTO’s Doha round negotiations, etc.).
Slide: COP15 Copenhagen, Obama, Merkel, table, etc.
Slide: COP15 Copenhagen, Obama, Merkel, table, etc.
Look at this picture from Copenhagen, the mood around the table, the breakdown of decision making, at that point, at that level.
Look at this picture from Copenhagen, the mood around the table, the breakdown of decision making, at that point, at that level.
The G8 countries were not able to reach a conclusion in the “green room”.
The G8 countries were not able to reach a conclusion in the “green room”.
Many of the current problems in making global governance work are due to old frameworks that do not reflect the rise of emerging nations in global politics.
Many of the current problems in making global governance work are due to old frameworks that do not reflect the rise of emerging nations in global politics.
Experiences with WTO in 2008.
Experiences with WTO in 2008.
China, India, South Africa, Brazil and the like deserve at seat at the table and global institutions that respond to the aspirations of their populations.
China, India, South Africa, Brazil and the like deserve at seat at the table and global institutions that respond to the aspirations of their populations.
We need to reform global governance structures to meet such legitimate demands.
We need to reform global governance structures to meet such legitimate demands.
As such, the emergence of the G20 and similar newcomers on the global scene is understandable and in many regards welcome.
As such, the emergence of the G20 and similar newcomers on the global scene is understandable and in many regards welcome.
Slide: G20 Seoul Summit 2010.
Slide: G20 Seoul Summit 2010.
The G20 is a major improvement on the G7/8; it signals to the emerging powers of the world that there is in fact a place at the table, that they are legitimate parts of the solution and not the problem.
The G20 is a major improvement on the G7/8; it signals to the emerging powers of the world that there is in fact a place at the table, that they are legitimate parts of the solution and not the problem.
The G20 sets the global agenda on behalf of the world’s most important governments, and delegates important problem-solving tasks to existing intergovernmental bodies.
The G20 sets the global agenda on behalf of the world’s most important governments, and delegates important problem-solving tasks to existing intergovernmental bodies.
However, the shortcomings of the G20 are also well known.
However, the shortcomings of the G20 are also well known.
The group is not fully representative, it is not very effective, it has few teeth, an unclear mandate and questions loom as to how it will fare as expectations arise for it to formalise, at least up to a point.
The group is not fully representative, it is not very effective, it has few teeth, an unclear mandate and questions loom as to how it will fare as expectations arise for it to formalise, at least up to a point.
Now, some lessons for new and enlightened global governance:
Now, some lessons for new and enlightened global governance:
We must not despair.
We must not despair.
We face daunting challenges but we now have more experience, resources, technology and players to draw on in our quest for effective solutions.
We face daunting challenges but we now have more experience, resources, technology and players to draw on in our quest for effective solutions.
And if it is correct that the UN has failed to reform the Security Council, it is also fair to say that the UN is making a huge difference to people’s lives all over the world – every day.
And if it is correct that the UN has failed to reform the Security Council, it is also fair to say that the UN is making a huge difference to people’s lives all over the world – every day.
We must acknowledge the need for formally representative global institutions, the UN in particular (and the IMF), to form the overarching global governance framework.
We must acknowledge the need for formally representative global institutions, the UN in particular (and the IMF), to form the overarching global governance framework.
We must acknowledge the legitimate aspirations of emerging powers for a stronger voice in global affairs.
We must acknowledge the legitimate aspirations of emerging powers for a stronger voice in global affairs.
We must also acknowledge the need for institutional flexibility for effective problem solving.
We must also acknowledge the need for institutional flexibility for effective problem solving.
We need to streamline organisations’ mandates to focus on core functions, decentralise, delegate and charge the most professional doers with actually implementing what is decided in global forums.
We need to streamline organisations’ mandates to focus on core functions, decentralise, delegate and charge the most professional doers with actually implementing what is decided in global forums.
Private – public.
Private – public.
We must maximise the opportunities for dialogue and related soft-power mechanisms, even in the most difficult of cases.
We must maximise the opportunities for dialogue and related soft-power mechanisms, even in the most difficult of cases.
Sudan, Middle East, Afghanistan.
Sudan, Middle East, Afghanistan.
We must maximise the value of informal networks, alliances and cooperation across conventional barriers, with due attention to comparative edge and the roles of NGOs, social networks, private sector players etc.
We must maximise the value of informal networks, alliances and cooperation across conventional barriers, with due attention to comparative edge and the roles of NGOs, social networks, private sector players etc.
We should continually strengthen the links between political and economic processes at local/national level, and regional/global problem-solving, for example through the use of new technology and social networks.
We should continually strengthen the links between political and economic processes at local/national level, and regional/global problem-solving, for example through the use of new technology and social networks.
The High North and the many innovative North European regional cooperation, the Barents Cooperation, Arctic Council, Baltic Sea Cooperation, the EU’s Northern Dimension, etc.
The High North and the many innovative North European regional cooperation, the Barents Cooperation, Arctic Council, Baltic Sea Cooperation, the EU’s Northern Dimension, etc.
Slide: Energy and security.
Slide: Energy and security.
Addressing the energy security challenges of 2011
Addressing the energy security challenges of 2011
The picture:
The picture:
complex uncertainty also in the energy world, along with many of the features of the geopolitical picture,
complex uncertainty also in the energy world, along with many of the features of the geopolitical picture,
shale gas revolution,
shale gas revolution,
nuclear revival?
nuclear revival?
European energy transformation,
European energy transformation,
the potency of climate change policies,
the potency of climate change policies,
Nabucco or South Stream,
Nabucco or South Stream,
Iraqi energy potential,
Iraqi energy potential,
Chinese/Asian actions to strengthen energy security,
Chinese/Asian actions to strengthen energy security,
Chinese/US/European struggle for renewable energy leadership.
Chinese/US/European struggle for renewable energy leadership.
Let me add a few comments – and questions – on these issues, inspired by the perspectives I have raised:
Let me add a few comments – and questions – on these issues, inspired by the perspectives I have raised:
The shale gas revolution reflects the best of global/American ingenuity and innovation, but also underlines how uncertain the energy situation is today and will continue to be tomorrow.
The shale gas revolution reflects the best of global/American ingenuity and innovation, but also underlines how uncertain the energy situation is today and will continue to be tomorrow.
Will we be able to deal with the environmental side-effects of shale gas in an adequate way?
Will we be able to deal with the environmental side-effects of shale gas in an adequate way?
The US.
The US.
Will other countries and regions manage to follow the impressive US lead?
Will other countries and regions manage to follow the impressive US lead?
How will shale gas developments impact on global gas and wider energy markets?
How will shale gas developments impact on global gas and wider energy markets?
Europe.
Europe.
The EU is in a whirl of energy strategy processes: focus on infrastructure, climate-induced reforms and energy security.
The EU is in a whirl of energy strategy processes: focus on infrastructure, climate-induced reforms and energy security.
What is the EU’s direction?
What is the EU’s direction?
Hard to say.
Hard to say.
Heads of EU states and governments will meet in Brussels while you are winding up your proceedings on Friday.
Heads of EU states and governments will meet in Brussels while you are winding up your proceedings on Friday.
But will the EU and its member countries live up to expectations?
But will the EU and its member countries live up to expectations?
How will they square the Russia challenge?
How will they square the Russia challenge?
Credibility at stake, need to rethink Europe/Russia energy relations?
Credibility at stake, need to rethink Europe/Russia energy relations?
Who is most dependent (on whom)?
Who is most dependent (on whom)?
Reciprocality.
Reciprocality.
China.
China.
Asia’s major energy importers – China, India, Japan, Korea – are driving up demand, energy prices, and are contributing to Norwegian revenues.
Asia’s major energy importers – China, India, Japan, Korea – are driving up demand, energy prices, and are contributing to Norwegian revenues.
To what extent will they, particularly China, rewrite the rules of the game in terms of enhanced politicisation of energy markets in order to secure their energy futures?
To what extent will they, particularly China, rewrite the rules of the game in terms of enhanced politicisation of energy markets in order to secure their energy futures?
And how will the US and the EU react?
And how will the US and the EU react?
Stability.
Stability.
Energy security challenges will always relate closely to energy price levels, particularly oil prices.
Energy security challenges will always relate closely to energy price levels, particularly oil prices.
High oil prices (over USD 100 per barrel) present net importers with huge bills and place further strains on governments in the wake of the financial crisis.
High oil prices (over USD 100 per barrel) present net importers with huge bills and place further strains on governments in the wake of the financial crisis.
And they are generally seen as a boon to a range of undemocratic regimes – Iran, Venezuela, many Gulf countries – that are ready to cash in and may care less about their responsibilities to their populations.
And they are generally seen as a boon to a range of undemocratic regimes – Iran, Venezuela, many Gulf countries – that are ready to cash in and may care less about their responsibilities to their populations.
If high price levels persist, we need to think really hard about responses to both these pressing challenges.
If high price levels persist, we need to think really hard about responses to both these pressing challenges.
How will such trends impact on company structures and alliances?
How will such trends impact on company structures and alliances?
Slide: The future of gas, LNG, Melkøya.
Slide: The future of gas, LNG, Melkøya.
Gas.
Gas.
The future of gas is bright, writes John Deutch in Foreign Affairs.
The future of gas is bright, writes John Deutch in Foreign Affairs.
He is right in many ways: shale gas, LNG developments, new conventional gas finds, pipeline networks stretching further and further, benevolent policy changes in Europe and beyond (liberalisation, third party access etc.).
He is right in many ways: shale gas, LNG developments, new conventional gas finds, pipeline networks stretching further and further, benevolent policy changes in Europe and beyond (liberalisation, third party access etc.).
And this adds up to a prospect of low gas prices far into the future (fully delinking gas from oil prices), and extending the use of gas to new frontiers, including substituting for oil and thus potentially also reducing price pressures on oil.
And this adds up to a prospect of low gas prices far into the future (fully delinking gas from oil prices), and extending the use of gas to new frontiers, including substituting for oil and thus potentially also reducing price pressures on oil.
From a Norwegian vantage point, a key question is: How will gas fare in the ongoing European transformation to a more sustainable energy future?
From a Norwegian vantage point, a key question is: How will gas fare in the ongoing European transformation to a more sustainable energy future?
The role of gas has recently been played down in many scenario and policy studies in Germany and the UK, but I believe they are wrong on this point.
The role of gas has recently been played down in many scenario and policy studies in Germany and the UK, but I believe they are wrong on this point.
I very much support their ambitious starting point: moving Europe to a sustainable future in line with climate change commitments.
I very much support their ambitious starting point: moving Europe to a sustainable future in line with climate change commitments.
But gas will, in my view, play a key role in that transition, as a valuable, readily available and secure base-load for Europe’s promising but still vulnerable renewable energy revolution.
But gas will, in my view, play a key role in that transition, as a valuable, readily available and secure base-load for Europe’s promising but still vulnerable renewable energy revolution.
I have talked to my colleagues elsewhere in Europe (Britain, Germany, France) on this.
I have talked to my colleagues elsewhere in Europe (Britain, Germany, France) on this.
Back to the Arctic and similarly demanding energy provinces elsewhere.
Back to the Arctic and similarly demanding energy provinces elsewhere.
How can we learn from Macondo, and prepare ourselves for the challenges of extracting oil and gas responsibly in such difficult conditions, at thousands of metres deep, in a climate that is new for even the most experienced petroleum companies?
How can we learn from Macondo, and prepare ourselves for the challenges of extracting oil and gas responsibly in such difficult conditions, at thousands of metres deep, in a climate that is new for even the most experienced petroleum companies?
The question is how do we access new energy provinces in the Arctic after the Macondo accident.
The question is how do we access new energy provinces in the Arctic after the Macondo accident.
Slide: Title slide.
Slide: Title slide.
So the key question is: How do we respond to energy and climate challenges?
So the key question is: How do we respond to energy and climate challenges?
There is no single recipe for how we should respond to these daunting challenges, but let me conclude with the following five perspectives:
There is no single recipe for how we should respond to these daunting challenges, but let me conclude with the following five perspectives:
More transparency, more dialogue and cooperation, and better institutions are needed.
More transparency, more dialogue and cooperation, and better institutions are needed.
I support G20’s request for enhanced transparency throughout energy markets and politics, including intensified cooperation between the IEA, OPEC and IEF on data, monitoring, scenarios etc
I support G20’s request for enhanced transparency throughout energy markets and politics, including intensified cooperation between the IEA, OPEC and IEF on data, monitoring, scenarios etc
More important than ever to refrain from undue politicisation of the oil and gas sector.
More important than ever to refrain from undue politicisation of the oil and gas sector.
This has been Norwegian policy since the very start of our petroleum operations 40 years ago.
This has been Norwegian policy since the very start of our petroleum operations 40 years ago.
Recent experience from our relations with Russia reinforces this point.
Recent experience from our relations with Russia reinforces this point.
The IEA and several UN organisations have recently highlighted the unacceptable fact that more than 1.5 billion people still lack access to basic, modern energy.
The IEA and several UN organisations have recently highlighted the unacceptable fact that more than 1.5 billion people still lack access to basic, modern energy.
The climate change agenda should provide important parameters for a responsible energy future.
The climate change agenda should provide important parameters for a responsible energy future.
Consider the following: The energy industry has been and remains an important magnet for talent worldwide.
Consider the following: The energy industry has been and remains an important magnet for talent worldwide.
It has also facilitated global exchange and trade in technology and expertise, within and between companies.
It has also facilitated global exchange and trade in technology and expertise, within and between companies.
What we need to do today is to reflect and act upon the urgent need for renewable energy solutions that are as successful as oil and gas have been.
What we need to do today is to reflect and act upon the urgent need for renewable energy solutions that are as successful as oil and gas have been.
A key task in this respect is developing and maturing CCS to provide a bridge between fossil fuels and sustainable energy futures.
A key task in this respect is developing and maturing CCS to provide a bridge between fossil fuels and sustainable energy futures.
There are considerable technological challenges.
There are considerable technological challenges.
And financial constraints are a serious concern in many countries, such as the UK.
And financial constraints are a serious concern in many countries, such as the UK.
This is a matter of political will (which is a renewable resource).
This is a matter of political will (which is a renewable resource).
We cannot take it for granted that it will be we who deliver CCS.
We cannot take it for granted that it will be we who deliver CCS.
Not long ago it would have seemed highly unlikely that we would have to lean on China to help us solve such a complex global problem.
Not long ago it would have seemed highly unlikely that we would have to lean on China to help us solve such a complex global problem.
But today this is a reality.
But today this is a reality.
China already leads on renewable energy, and I would not be surprised if, in a few years time, we were looking to China for the most ambitious and comprehensive CCS projects globally.
China already leads on renewable energy, and I would not be surprised if, in a few years time, we were looking to China for the most ambitious and comprehensive CCS projects globally.
Finally: Talented industries have – at all times – found solutions in so many areas, so I am quite sure that industries and businesses will find ways to solve the climate/energy dilemma, which is not only Norway’s issue but the whole world’s dilemma.
Finally: Talented industries have – at all times – found solutions in so many areas, so I am quite sure that industries and businesses will find ways to solve the climate/energy dilemma, which is not only Norway’s issue but the whole world’s dilemma.
Rethinking energy.
Rethinking energy.
Russian authorities have failed to solve the issue.
Russiske myndigheter har ikke løst saken.
Mr. Kohver has been deprived of the right to a fair trial.
Kohver har også blitt frarøvet retten til en rettferdig rettssak.
Norway calls for return of Eston Kohver to Estonia
Norge krever Eston Kohver løslatt
The Estonian police officer Eston Kohver has been sentenced to 15 years in prison by the Pskov regional court in Russia.
Den estiske politimannen Eston Kohver ble i dag dømt til 15 års fengsel i Russland.
The humanitarian situation is particularly critical in Syria, South Sudan and the Central African Republic.
Den humanitære situasjonen er særlig kritisk i Syria, Sør-Sudan og Den sentralafrikanske republikk.
The UN is warning that there is a risk of catastrophic famine in South Sudan, which could affect up to 7 million people.
I Sør-Sudan varsler FN om stor fare for hungersnød som kan ramme opp mot syv millioner mennesker.
The Government is increasing its humanitarian aid allocations in order to provide more food, water, shelter, schooling, medicines and protection in this and several other crisis areas.
Regjeringen øker sin humanitære bevilgning for å kunne bidra mer med mat, vann, husly, utdanning, medisiner og beskyttelse i denne og flere andre kriser.
The Government also proposes an increase in funding from NOK 40 million to NOK 150 million for projects in Ukraine in the areas of democracy building, energy efficiency, the environment and education.
Regjeringen foreslår også å øke støtte til prosjekter innenfor blant annet demokratiutvikling, energieffektivisering, miljø og utdanning i Ukraina fra 40 til 150 millioner kroner.
‘Ukraine needs international support to prevent the economic crisis from further destabilising the country, which would also have major consequences for Norway.
- Ukraina har behov for internasjonal støtte for å unngå at den økonomiske krisen destabiliserer landet ytterligere, noe som vil ha store konsekvenser også for Norge.
We have proposed an increase in funding for projects administered by Norwegian and international organisations, and we will consider increasing budget support for Ukraine in 2014,’ said Mr Brende.
Vi foreslår å øke støtten til prosjekter i regi av norske og internasjonale organisasjoner, men vi vil også vurdere budsjettstøtte til Ukraina i 2014, sier Brende.
In addition, the Government proposes an increase of NOK 20 million in support to Moldova.
Regjeringen foreslår også å øke støtte til Moldova med 20 millioner kroner.
In both Ukraine and Moldova, support will primarily be channelled through Norwegian NGOs and international partners such as the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).
Både når det gjelder Ukraina og Moldova vil støtten i første rekke gis gjennom norske frivillige organisasjoner, samt internasjonale aktører som Europarådet, Organisasjonen for sikkerhet og samarbeid i Europa (OSSE) og Den europeiske banken for gjenoppbygging og utvikling (EBRD).
‘It is most encouraging that the authorities in Moldova, despite the difficult political and economic situation the country is experiencing, have implemented tough reforms.
- Det er svært positivt at myndighetene i Moldova, til tross for en krevende politisk og økonomisk situasjon, har gjennomført vanskelige reformer.
It is important to show that Norway supports Moldova’s ambition of closer European integration given the difficult situation in the region,’ said Foreign Minister Brende.
Det er viktig å vise at Norge støtter Moldovas ambisjon om tettere europeisk integrasjon i den vanskelige situasjonen regionen befinner seg i, sier Brende.