natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The good news is that The Millennium Development Goal of reducing extreme poverty by half since 1990 has been reached five years ahead of the 2015 deadline.
The good news is that The Millennium Development Goal of reducing extreme poverty by half since 1990 has been reached five years ahead of the 2015 deadline.
This result represents a tremendous reduction in human suffering around the world.
This result represents a tremendous reduction in human suffering around the world.
Extreme poverty is falling in every region.
Extreme poverty is falling in every region.
A remarkable rate of progress has been sustained in China and India.
A remarkable rate of progress has been sustained in China and India.
For the first time both the number of people living in extreme poverty and the poverty rates have fallen in every developing region—including in sub-Saharan Africa, where rates are highest.
For the first time both the number of people living in extreme poverty and the poverty rates have fallen in every developing region—including in sub-Saharan Africa, where rates are highest.
Hunger remains a global challenge; so does poor health and lack of education that deprive people of productive employment;
Hunger remains a global challenge; so does poor health and lack of education that deprive people of productive employment;
Environmental resources that have been depleted or spoiled;
Environmental resources that have been depleted or spoiled;
Corruption, conflict and bad governance that waste public resources and discourage private investment;
Corruption, conflict and bad governance that waste public resources and discourage private investment;
And finally, war and conflict is today the main reason why poverty is not reduced at a higher speed.
And finally, war and conflict is today the main reason why poverty is not reduced at a higher speed.
However, many countries with a high economic growth have at the same time experienced increased inequality, and he conditions in which extreme poverty thrives must continue to be addressed;
However, many countries with a high economic growth have at the same time experienced increased inequality, and he conditions in which extreme poverty thrives must continue to be addressed;
c) The lack of global consensus – the inability to take multilateral and necessary decisions
c) The lack of global consensus – the inability to take multilateral and necessary decisions
The globalization process, when properly managed, becomes an important driver for inclusive growth, and economic growth, when widely shared, does more than increase living standards.
The globalization process, when properly managed, becomes an important driver for inclusive growth, and economic growth, when widely shared, does more than increase living standards.
It helps ease tensions within societies – and between societies.
It helps ease tensions within societies – and between societies.
In Europe and North America, a weak recovery and high unemployment have made voters fearful that any gains made by faster-growing emerging economies are coming at their expense.
In Europe and North America, a weak recovery and high unemployment have made voters fearful that any gains made by faster-growing emerging economies are coming at their expense.
This has made governments even more reluctant to make what they see as “concessions” to China, Brazil or India in international negotiations.
This has made governments even more reluctant to make what they see as “concessions” to China, Brazil or India in international negotiations.
Emerging economies have responded in kind, wary of losing hard-earned developmental gains.
Emerging economies have responded in kind, wary of losing hard-earned developmental gains.
The result is that multilateral rule-making on issues ranging from trade governance to climate change, already struggling prior to the crisis, has come to a near halt.
The result is that multilateral rule-making on issues ranging from trade governance to climate change, already struggling prior to the crisis, has come to a near halt.
“The power of trade” and why the multilateral framework is essential
“The power of trade” and why the multilateral framework is essential
The 1930’s versus the crisis of 2008
The 1930’s versus the crisis of 2008
The confidence of the people is essential to the functioning of open societies.
The confidence of the people is essential to the functioning of open societies.
When people see only a bleak future ahead, confidence in authorities and in democracy itself is undermined.
When people see only a bleak future ahead, confidence in authorities and in democracy itself is undermined.
The current economic crisis may, ultimately, pose a threat, not only to social development and welfare in Europe, but also to democracy itself.
The current economic crisis may, ultimately, pose a threat, not only to social development and welfare in Europe, but also to democracy itself.
Today, we are in the middle of the most serious economic crisis in Europe since the 1930’s – which ultimately led to a devastating World War.
Today, we are in the middle of the most serious economic crisis in Europe since the 1930’s – which ultimately led to a devastating World War.
The greatest difference between the current situation and the European crisis of the 1930s is that today we have regional and global institutions and organisations in place, such as the EU itself here in Europe, and the World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the United Nations (UN) at the global level.
The greatest difference between the current situation and the European crisis of the 1930s is that today we have regional and global institutions and organisations in place, such as the EU itself here in Europe, and the World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the United Nations (UN) at the global level.
Without institutions such as these, as well as common rules and the political will to act, we would, in my view, be in a potentially far worse situation where crisis-ridden countries would once again have sought to export their problems to neighbouring countries by raising barriers to trade and economic exchange across borders.
Without institutions such as these, as well as common rules and the political will to act, we would, in my view, be in a potentially far worse situation where crisis-ridden countries would once again have sought to export their problems to neighbouring countries by raising barriers to trade and economic exchange across borders.
Trade, development and security
Trade, development and security
The link between trade, development and security is evident around the world.
The link between trade, development and security is evident around the world.
Take the Doha Development Round, Mali and cotton as a case in point:
Take the Doha Development Round, Mali and cotton as a case in point:
Mali, 13th from the bottom on the UNs Human Development Index, gets 40 % of its export earnings from cotton, with more than 40% of the rural population depending on cotton for their survival.
Mali, 13th from the bottom on the UNs Human Development Index, gets 40 % of its export earnings from cotton, with more than 40% of the rural population depending on cotton for their survival.
The problem is that subsidies in rich cotton producing countries are undermining world market prices, and tariffs in key markets are prohibitive.
The problem is that subsidies in rich cotton producing countries are undermining world market prices, and tariffs in key markets are prohibitive.
Together with three other West-African countries they have placed cotton firmly on the agenda in the WTO, with demands for reduced tariffs and removal of harmful subsidies that have suppressed world market prices and put pressure on their farmers’ livelihoods.
Together with three other West-African countries they have placed cotton firmly on the agenda in the WTO, with demands for reduced tariffs and removal of harmful subsidies that have suppressed world market prices and put pressure on their farmers’ livelihoods.
They have gained legitimacy for their cause.
They have gained legitimacy for their cause.
It is now inconceivable that the Doha-round can be concluded without addressing the cotton issue.
It is now inconceivable that the Doha-round can be concluded without addressing the cotton issue.
Bilateral aid, technical assistance and capacity building has been greatly strengthened as a result of this attention, and the WTO dispute settlement body has made important rulings against US subsidies that will lead to important changes.
Bilateral aid, technical assistance and capacity building has been greatly strengthened as a result of this attention, and the WTO dispute settlement body has made important rulings against US subsidies that will lead to important changes.
The WTO and its requirement of rules, fairness and legitimacy allows small countries such as Mali to have their interests taken into account.
The WTO and its requirement of rules, fairness and legitimacy allows small countries such as Mali to have their interests taken into account.
But the negotiated results that will change the trade rules and which promise the greatest improvements have yet to materialize.
But the negotiated results that will change the trade rules and which promise the greatest improvements have yet to materialize.
As multilateral agreement eludes the international community, the hopes, interests, and development of Mali and a number of developing countries are placed on hold.
As multilateral agreement eludes the international community, the hopes, interests, and development of Mali and a number of developing countries are placed on hold.
Would the political and security situation in Mali have been different if we had had a result in the Doha round?
Would the political and security situation in Mali have been different if we had had a result in the Doha round?
To answer yes is too risky, but there is no doubt that a stable, profitable cotton industry would be of great importance in the long run for Mali and their cotton producing neighbors.
To answer yes is too risky, but there is no doubt that a stable, profitable cotton industry would be of great importance in the long run for Mali and their cotton producing neighbors.
Global institutions and negotiating forums have not moved with the times
Global institutions and negotiating forums have not moved with the times
The world is of course better off than in the 1930’s; we have learned something from our mistakes and have developed global and regional rules and institutions that work.
The world is of course better off than in the 1930’s; we have learned something from our mistakes and have developed global and regional rules and institutions that work.
But the world has moved far beyond that and our institutions are not always able to keep up with developments in the real world.
But the world has moved far beyond that and our institutions are not always able to keep up with developments in the real world.
What we have seen is a paradox: The world is multipolarising at an unprecedented scale and speed; Production and trade value chains are multilateralising.
What we have seen is a paradox: The world is multipolarising at an unprecedented scale and speed; Production and trade value chains are multilateralising.
Trade governance, however, seems to be bilateralising or at best regionalising.
Trade governance, however, seems to be bilateralising or at best regionalising.
Bringing foreign policy interests back to the table might conceivably help countries build domestic support for multilateral co-operation on trade: not as a bulwark against a common foe, as during the Cold War, but because of their shared interest in preserving a functional international order.
Bringing foreign policy interests back to the table might conceivably help countries build domestic support for multilateral co-operation on trade: not as a bulwark against a common foe, as during the Cold War, but because of their shared interest in preserving a functional international order.
The deadlock in the WTO Doha Round negotiations is due to disagreement among a handful of advanced and emerging economies; the US, the EU, Japan and the like on the one side, and India, China, Brazil and the like on the other side.
The deadlock in the WTO Doha Round negotiations is due to disagreement among a handful of advanced and emerging economies; the US, the EU, Japan and the like on the one side, and India, China, Brazil and the like on the other side.
Like the climate change negotiations, it is geopolitical in nature.
Like the climate change negotiations, it is geopolitical in nature.
Advanced economies argue that emerging economies have now “emerged” and should therefore accept to take on commitments that are similar to theirs.
Advanced economies argue that emerging economies have now “emerged” and should therefore accept to take on commitments that are similar to theirs.
Emerging countries argue that they still face daunting development challenges which require flexibilities in the form of “special and differential treatment”, as we say in the WTO, or what the UN climate process calls “common but differentiated responsibilities”.
Emerging countries argue that they still face daunting development challenges which require flexibilities in the form of “special and differential treatment”, as we say in the WTO, or what the UN climate process calls “common but differentiated responsibilities”.
Behind lies the basic question: are emerging countries “advanced countries with many poor people” or “developing countries with many rich people”?
Behind lies the basic question: are emerging countries “advanced countries with many poor people” or “developing countries with many rich people”?
Until and unless both sides agree on the answer, consensus in major multilateral negotiations could remain elusive.
Until and unless both sides agree on the answer, consensus in major multilateral negotiations could remain elusive.
Cooperation between state and civil society
Cooperation between state and civil society
Addressing the challenges of the emerging world order is not only a responsibility for governments and intergovernmental institutions.
Addressing the challenges of the emerging world order is not only a responsibility for governments and intergovernmental institutions.
A number of issues are extremely difficult and sometimes even impossible to deal with efficiently within an intergovernmental setting, and this is true in particular related to issues of values.
A number of issues are extremely difficult and sometimes even impossible to deal with efficiently within an intergovernmental setting, and this is true in particular related to issues of values.
Civil society, individuals as citizens and consumers, as well as businesses, have an important supplementary role to play in promoting human rights, basic labor standards, Corporate Social Responsibility, and ethical trade.
Civil society, individuals as citizens and consumers, as well as businesses, have an important supplementary role to play in promoting human rights, basic labor standards, Corporate Social Responsibility, and ethical trade.
While the role of Governments is establishing rules and regulations, preferably global ones, the role of civil society is primarily to make governments, politicians and business aware, accountable and responsible.
While the role of Governments is establishing rules and regulations, preferably global ones, the role of civil society is primarily to make governments, politicians and business aware, accountable and responsible.
The international system is founded on universal values, first and foremost human rights, as set out in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights and other UN conventions.
The international system is founded on universal values, first and foremost human rights, as set out in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights and other UN conventions.
These core documents spell out the rights of all individuals as well as the responsibility and duty of all states to respect and protect them.
These core documents spell out the rights of all individuals as well as the responsibility and duty of all states to respect and protect them.
The Arab Spring is one example and recent developments in Myanmar another of their global significance.
The Arab Spring is one example and recent developments in Myanmar another of their global significance.
For businesses, business as usual will not do in the face of increased consumer activism, resource constraints, changing demography and climate change.
For businesses, business as usual will not do in the face of increased consumer activism, resource constraints, changing demography and climate change.
Growing social and environmental challenges will increasingly become drivers of innovation for the business community within a framework of sustainable development, good governance and accountability.
Growing social and environmental challenges will increasingly become drivers of innovation for the business community within a framework of sustainable development, good governance and accountability.
CSR has made a difference to how business is conducted, but there is still a long way to go.
CSR has made a difference to how business is conducted, but there is still a long way to go.
Attitudes have changed fundamentally.
Attitudes have changed fundamentally.
What was considered acceptable business behavior ten years ago will in many cases be considered unacceptable or may even be illegal today.
What was considered acceptable business behavior ten years ago will in many cases be considered unacceptable or may even be illegal today.
With the endorsement of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights in 2011, we have an international CSR framework in place that are strong enough to prevail as a global norm, even in countries with rapidly growing economies that do not share all our values.
With the endorsement of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights in 2011, we have an international CSR framework in place that are strong enough to prevail as a global norm, even in countries with rapidly growing economies that do not share all our values.
Weapons of course differ from other commodities.
Weapons of course differ from other commodities.
The arms trade has never been captured by traditional trading rules.
The arms trade has never been captured by traditional trading rules.
Achieving a strong and robust Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) at the UN conference in New York next month is therefore of great importance.
Achieving a strong and robust Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) at the UN conference in New York next month is therefore of great importance.
The Arms Trade Treaty concerns more than just trade.
The Arms Trade Treaty concerns more than just trade.
Armed violence kills approximately two thousand people on a daily basis globally.
Armed violence kills approximately two thousand people on a daily basis globally.
Many as a result of illicit or irresponsible use of small arms and other conventional weapons.
Many as a result of illicit or irresponsible use of small arms and other conventional weapons.
The negative humanitarian consequences of unregulated arms transfers are severe.
The negative humanitarian consequences of unregulated arms transfers are severe.
In Norway’s opinion such a treaty should have a humanitarian objective and contribute to prevent illicit or irresponsible arms trade that causes human suffering and armed violence.
In Norway’s opinion such a treaty should have a humanitarian objective and contribute to prevent illicit or irresponsible arms trade that causes human suffering and armed violence.
The goal should be a framework that ensures responsible and legal trade with legal weapons.
The goal should be a framework that ensures responsible and legal trade with legal weapons.
The treaty must make a difference and result in fewer weapons ending up in the wrong hands and in the illicit market.
The treaty must make a difference and result in fewer weapons ending up in the wrong hands and in the illicit market.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Decent work
Decent work
Efforts to promote decent work are not obstacles to competitiveness and progress.
Efforts to promote decent work are not obstacles to competitiveness and progress.
On the contrary, decent work contributes to improved competitiveness, primarily by maximizing the potential of the individual and the community.
On the contrary, decent work contributes to improved competitiveness, primarily by maximizing the potential of the individual and the community.
In Europe, there is no doubt that EU membership has done a lot to help improve working conditions in Southern and Central European members.
In Europe, there is no doubt that EU membership has done a lot to help improve working conditions in Southern and Central European members.
That is good news for Norwegian workers as well; the higher the standards are in competing countries and firms, the less Norwegian workers will face pressure on wages and social dumping.
That is good news for Norwegian workers as well; the higher the standards are in competing countries and firms, the less Norwegian workers will face pressure on wages and social dumping.
Norway will host the 9th ILO European Regional Meeting in April.
Norway will host the 9th ILO European Regional Meeting in April.
Ministers, social partners and global leaders will discuss responses to the economic and jobs crisis, with particular focus on job-rich growth, social dialogue, youth employment and labor standards.
Ministers, social partners and global leaders will discuss responses to the economic and jobs crisis, with particular focus on job-rich growth, social dialogue, youth employment and labor standards.
My conclusions: multilateralism is the answer!
My conclusions: multilateralism is the answer!
The world has never been more interdependent in terms of production processes, economic stability, food security, climate security, and even health and political security.
The world has never been more interdependent in terms of production processes, economic stability, food security, climate security, and even health and political security.
This interdependence can only be viewed as very positive.
This interdependence can only be viewed as very positive.
a) Primarily; it is sign of growth, increased wealth, more and better jobs and less poverty in new parts of the world;
a) Primarily; it is sign of growth, increased wealth, more and better jobs and less poverty in new parts of the world;
b) It helps the “old” world hit by recession and financial crisis to recover faster and with less pain,
b) It helps the “old” world hit by recession and financial crisis to recover faster and with less pain,
c) It brings hope for those not yet out of poverty that it is possible given the right policies and circumstances, and
c) It brings hope for those not yet out of poverty that it is possible given the right policies and circumstances, and
d) It helps lessen tensions among world powers (“Countries that trade with each other tend not to go to war”).
d) It helps lessen tensions among world powers (“Countries that trade with each other tend not to go to war”).
An example is the U.S. and China's interdependency: Due to the fact that the U.S. and China depend on trading with each other, their relationship will most likely be much better than the historic relationship between the U.S. and the USSR, two superpowers who had no significant trade connections.
An example is the U.S. and China's interdependency: Due to the fact that the U.S. and China depend on trading with each other, their relationship will most likely be much better than the historic relationship between the U.S. and the USSR, two superpowers who had no significant trade connections.
And still the goal of finding multilateral solutions eludes us.
And still the goal of finding multilateral solutions eludes us.
My answer is geopolitical.
My answer is geopolitical.
It requires that:
It requires that: