natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
And in a longer perspective our aim is general visa-free travel and a flexible employment regime in a common High North labour market.
And in a longer perspective our aim is general visa-free travel and a flexible employment regime in a common High North labour market.
Illustration: Map, the region, Arkhangelsk, Vardø, Pomor trade.
Illustration: Map, the region, Arkhangelsk, Vardø, Pomor trade.
As you know, Norway and Russia have been good neighbours and have lived in peace for more than a thousand years.
As you know, Norway and Russia have been good neighbours and have lived in peace for more than a thousand years.
Not many neighbouring countries can say the same.
Not many neighbouring countries can say the same.
Many centuries ago, Norwegians travelled to the White Sea, Gandvik as they called it.
Many centuries ago, Norwegians travelled to the White Sea, Gandvik as they called it.
But the most important period for us was the time of the “Pomor” trade, which lasted for nearly three centuries before dwindling out after the revolution in1917.
But the most important period for us was the time of the “Pomor” trade, which lasted for nearly three centuries before dwindling out after the revolution in1917.
It was based on barter, and was therefore not always welcomed by the central authorities for political and economic reasons, but it developed because it met a real need in the region.
It was based on barter, and was therefore not always welcomed by the central authorities for political and economic reasons, but it developed because it met a real need in the region.
The Pomor trade made life easier for people and improved their living conditions.
The Pomor trade made life easier for people and improved their living conditions.
We should bear in mind that our region is the most densely populated in the Arctic and it is important to secure a good life for our citizens now, just as it was then.
We should bear in mind that our region is the most densely populated in the Arctic and it is important to secure a good life for our citizens now, just as it was then.
During this period, Russians and Norwegians even developed their own kind of pidgin language, “russenorsk”, to facilitate this trade.
During this period, Russians and Norwegians even developed their own kind of pidgin language, “russenorsk”, to facilitate this trade.
Moja kupom hos tvoja – I will buy from you – was a phrase that was widely used.
Moja kupom hos tvoja – I will buy from you – was a phrase that was widely used.
Russians bought fish and sold flour and timber.
Russians bought fish and sold flour and timber.
At the peak of the trade as many as 350 Russian ships could visit ports in Troms and Finnmark during a single season.
At the peak of the trade as many as 350 Russian ships could visit ports in Troms and Finnmark during a single season.
Then as now, knowledge was key.
Then as now, knowledge was key.
Student exchanges took place between our countries during the Pomor period too.
Student exchanges took place between our countries during the Pomor period too.
Sons and daughters of Pomor merchants were sent to educational institutions in Tromsø, Hammerfest and even Oslo, and several young Norwegians came to Russia, indeed to Archangelsk, to learn more about their important neighbour.
Sons and daughters of Pomor merchants were sent to educational institutions in Tromsø, Hammerfest and even Oslo, and several young Norwegians came to Russia, indeed to Archangelsk, to learn more about their important neighbour.
We know that in 1856, ten Norwegians were studying Russian in Archangelsk.
We know that in 1856, ten Norwegians were studying Russian in Archangelsk.
And Norwegian was an important subject at Russian maritime schools.
And Norwegian was an important subject at Russian maritime schools.
Today there is a Russian student boom in Norway.
Today there is a Russian student boom in Norway.
Russian students now make up the largest group of international students in our country.
Russian students now make up the largest group of international students in our country.
A total of 1 035 Russian students are registered in Norway, compared with 814 Swedes and 777 Germans.
A total of 1 035 Russian students are registered in Norway, compared with 814 Swedes and 777 Germans.
The largest increase has been in North Norway, especially in Tromsø and Bodø.
The largest increase has been in North Norway, especially in Tromsø and Bodø.
Unfortunately the number of Norwegian students in Russia was only 75 last year.
Unfortunately the number of Norwegian students in Russia was only 75 last year.
We sincerely hope this number will increase, and that more Norwegians will come to Archangelsk to study at your new federal university.
We sincerely hope this number will increase, and that more Norwegians will come to Archangelsk to study at your new federal university.
Both countries need more specialists on the other country.
Both countries need more specialists on the other country.
The best barter trade we can do today is the exchange of knowledge.
The best barter trade we can do today is the exchange of knowledge.
This should be the Pomor trade for our time and for the future.
This should be the Pomor trade for our time and for the future.
This is my first visit to Pomorje – and the “City” as I gather Archangelsk was called.
This is my first visit to Pomorje – and the “City” as I gather Archangelsk was called.
And it is connected to Norway in so many ways.
And it is connected to Norway in so many ways.
It is the story of how industrious, enterprising and adventurous farmers, sailors and fishermen found ways of making a good living in the High North through their own efforts.
It is the story of how industrious, enterprising and adventurous farmers, sailors and fishermen found ways of making a good living in the High North through their own efforts.
Illustration: Lomonosov, poem.
Illustration: Lomonosov, poem.
Next year we will celebrate the 300th anniversary of the birth of the greatest of all Pomors, Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov, in both Russia and Norway.
Next year we will celebrate the 300th anniversary of the birth of the greatest of all Pomors, Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov, in both Russia and Norway.
Next year it is also 150 years since Fridtjof Nansen was born.
Next year it is also 150 years since Fridtjof Nansen was born.
These two great scientists and explorers of the Arctic region are and will continue to be an inspiration for many young people, in these areas and elsewhere.
These two great scientists and explorers of the Arctic region are and will continue to be an inspiration for many young people, in these areas and elsewhere.
An exhibition on Lomonsov will be held during the Arctic Frontiers conference in Tromsø in January, and we are also planing a seminar: entitled “From Lomonosov to Nansen – and beyond”.
An exhibition on Lomonsov will be held during the Arctic Frontiers conference in Tromsø in January, and we are also planing a seminar: entitled “From Lomonosov to Nansen – and beyond”.
The story of how Lomonosov, the son of a merchant and fisherman from the White Sea became one of the leading scientists of his time – a scholar who gained wide recognition in Europe in the time of Enlightenment – is truly remarkable.
The story of how Lomonosov, the son of a merchant and fisherman from the White Sea became one of the leading scientists of his time – a scholar who gained wide recognition in Europe in the time of Enlightenment – is truly remarkable.
He is the father of Russian science, more or less every branch, modern literary language and literature.
He is the father of Russian science, more or less every branch, modern literary language and literature.
In what is probably his most famous poem Vetsjernjeje razmysjlenie – “An Evening Meditation on the Divine Majesty on the occasion of the Great Northern Lights” – which you can see here on the right in this picture – he marvels at nature, but at the same time asks: “But Nature, where are your laws?”
In what is probably his most famous poem Vetsjernjeje razmysjlenie – “An Evening Meditation on the Divine Majesty on the occasion of the Great Northern Lights” – which you can see here on the right in this picture – he marvels at nature, but at the same time asks: “But Nature, where are your laws?”
It is an excellent example of philosophical poetry and scientific curiosity expressed by a man who knew the extraordinary Northern Lights – severnjeje sijanije – and not only by hearsay.
It is an excellent example of philosophical poetry and scientific curiosity expressed by a man who knew the extraordinary Northern Lights – severnjeje sijanije – and not only by hearsay.
His scientific curiosity is his great legacy for us today.
His scientific curiosity is his great legacy for us today.
The Arctic Council, as you know, is made up of the five coastal states surrounding the Arctic Ocean– Canada, Denmark/Greenland, Norway, Russia and the US – in addition to the other three Nordic countries Sweden, Finland and Iceland.
The Arctic Council, as you know, is made up of the five coastal states surrounding the Arctic Ocean– Canada, Denmark/Greenland, Norway, Russia and the US – in addition to the other three Nordic countries Sweden, Finland and Iceland.
Formalisation of the status of observers will strengthen the undisputed role of the Arctic Council as the leading circumpolar Arctic body.
Formalisation of the status of observers will strengthen the undisputed role of the Arctic Council as the leading circumpolar Arctic body.
Illustration: The Arctic, map.
Illustration: The Arctic, map.
I wanted to show you this map because, with the north at the centre, it gives a different – and you could say our – perspective of the High North.
I wanted to show you this map because, with the north at the centre, it gives a different – and you could say our – perspective of the High North.
These are key areas for my country, and for my country’s interests, as I believe they are for Russia.
These are key areas for my country, and for my country’s interests, as I believe they are for Russia.
The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea is one of the most comprehensive sets of intergovernmental regulations in the world.
The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea is one of the most comprehensive sets of intergovernmental regulations in the world.
Yes, we need supplementary regulations in accordance with the law of the sea.
Yes, we need supplementary regulations in accordance with the law of the sea.
And through international cooperation based on international law we – the Arctic states together with other key states – will keep it that way.
And through international cooperation based on international law we – the Arctic states together with other key states – will keep it that way.
Our relationship with Russia is a central dimension of our High North policy.
Our relationship with Russia is a central dimension of our High North policy.
Indeed this policy has three pillars – tri kita (“three whales”, according to Russian mythology, the earth rests on three whales), as I believe you would say: 1) Relations with Russia, 2) environment/climate change and 3) natural resources.
Indeed this policy has three pillars – tri kita (“three whales”, according to Russian mythology, the earth rests on three whales), as I believe you would say: 1) Relations with Russia, 2) environment/climate change and 3) natural resources.
The management of our respective resources in the Barents Sea will always be at the heart of our cooperation with Russia.
The management of our respective resources in the Barents Sea will always be at the heart of our cooperation with Russia.
As part of the follow-up of our High North policy, we initiated a project on the harmonisation of health, safety and environment standards for petroleum activities in the Barents Sea in 2007.
As part of the follow-up of our High North policy, we initiated a project on the harmonisation of health, safety and environment standards for petroleum activities in the Barents Sea in 2007.
The intention of the project was to develop closer cooperation with Russia on sound exploitation of the petroleum resources in the Barents Sea.
The intention of the project was to develop closer cooperation with Russia on sound exploitation of the petroleum resources in the Barents Sea.
However, it has attracted much broader interest than we had expected, including from third party countries.
However, it has attracted much broader interest than we had expected, including from third party countries.
I believe this was the first important step of many that we need to take to ensure that future exploration and production activities in the Barents Sea are carried out in a sustainable manner on both sides of the border.
I believe this was the first important step of many that we need to take to ensure that future exploration and production activities in the Barents Sea are carried out in a sustainable manner on both sides of the border.
I find this bottom-up approach interesting.
I find this bottom-up approach interesting.
The involvement of industrial actors will help to ensure that these standards are viable for the industry.
The involvement of industrial actors will help to ensure that these standards are viable for the industry.
Illustration: Arctic, melting of ice, 1979 – 2007.
Illustration: Arctic, melting of ice, 1979 – 2007.
Changes in the Arctic will also affect the weather and ecosystems all over the globe.
Changes in the Arctic will also affect the weather and ecosystems all over the globe.
And in June this year, the sea ice cover fell below the level recorded in June 2007.
And in June this year, the sea ice cover fell below the level recorded in June 2007.
The same is happening at the world’s “third pole” – as it is sometimes called – in the Himalayas.
The same is happening at the world’s “third pole” – as it is sometimes called – in the Himalayas.
Illustration: Energy resources, Arctic, USGS.
Illustration: Energy resources, Arctic, USGS.
The prospect of developing the Arctic petroleum province is perhaps the main reason for the increasing interest in the Arctic over the last few years.
The prospect of developing the Arctic petroleum province is perhaps the main reason for the increasing interest in the Arctic over the last few years.
The Norwegian Snøhvit field in the Barents Sea is the world’s northernmost offshore gas field, and the liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing facility on the island of Melkøya off the north Norwegian coast is the first – and so far only – LNG plant in the Arctic region.
The Norwegian Snøhvit field in the Barents Sea is the world’s northernmost offshore gas field, and the liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing facility on the island of Melkøya off the north Norwegian coast is the first – and so far only – LNG plant in the Arctic region.
Our activities on the Norwegian continental shelf have enabled us to develop expertise and industries that are capable of pursuing operations in Arctic waters.
Our activities on the Norwegian continental shelf have enabled us to develop expertise and industries that are capable of pursuing operations in Arctic waters.
For this is a region where expertise and know-how will most definitely be needed.
For this is a region where expertise and know-how will most definitely be needed.
Exploiting energy resources in the Arctic is very demanding, in both technical and economic terms.
Exploiting energy resources in the Arctic is very demanding, in both technical and economic terms.
The case in point is the vast Shtokman field – the largest offshore natural gas field in the world – which will be developed through collaboration between Gazprom, Total and the Norwegian company Statoil.
The case in point is the vast Shtokman field – the largest offshore natural gas field in the world – which will be developed through collaboration between Gazprom, Total and the Norwegian company Statoil.
This also means that a higher level of investment is needed than in other petroleum provinces.
This also means that a higher level of investment is needed than in other petroleum provinces.
Norwegian petroleum production has already moved north successfully.
Norwegian petroleum production has already moved north successfully.
Illustration: New shipping lanes.
Illustration: New shipping lanes.
The melting of the ice is also opening up new opportunities for international shipping.
The melting of the ice is also opening up new opportunities for international shipping.
The journey from Shanghai to Hamburg via the Northern Sea Route is 6 400 kilometres shorter than the route via the Strait of Malacca and the Suez Canal, saving time, fuel and money.
The journey from Shanghai to Hamburg via the Northern Sea Route is 6 400 kilometres shorter than the route via the Strait of Malacca and the Suez Canal, saving time, fuel and money.
Illustration: M/V Nordic Barents.
Illustration: M/V Nordic Barents.
But for the time being, ships sailing through the Northeast Passage are reliant on ice breakers.
But for the time being, ships sailing through the Northeast Passage are reliant on ice breakers.
On Saturday 4 September M/V Nordic Barents – which you can see on this picture – departed from Kirkenes bound for China, carrying 41 000 tonnes of iron ore concentrate.
On Saturday 4 September M/V Nordic Barents – which you can see on this picture – departed from Kirkenes bound for China, carrying 41 000 tonnes of iron ore concentrate.
Illustration: Shipping lane and M/V Nordic Barents.
Illustration: Shipping lane and M/V Nordic Barents.
The ship will pass through the Northeast Passage, accompanied by two icebreakers from Atomflot.
The ship will pass through the Northeast Passage, accompanied by two icebreakers from Atomflot.
This journey involves cooperation with the Centre for High North Logistics, which was established with financial support from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in collaboration with Norwegian businesses and research communities to develop efficient and environmentally sound logistical solutions for the Arctic.
This journey involves cooperation with the Centre for High North Logistics, which was established with financial support from the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in collaboration with Norwegian businesses and research communities to develop efficient and environmentally sound logistical solutions for the Arctic.
We hope to extend this cooperation in the future to include the port of Archangelsk.
We hope to extend this cooperation in the future to include the port of Archangelsk.
Norway is cooperating with The Non-commercial Partnership for the Northern Sea Route through Rogaland County and the Northern Maritime Corridor.
Norway is cooperating with The Non-commercial Partnership for the Northern Sea Route through Rogaland County and the Northern Maritime Corridor.
And I appreciate our cooperation with Russia in this regard.
And I appreciate our cooperation with Russia in this regard.
Illustration: Russian map, continental shelves, maritime zone.
Illustration: Russian map, continental shelves, maritime zone.
The Arctic – unlike Antarctica – is an ocean surrounded by national states with sovereign rights to sea areas off their coasts, in accordance with international law.
The Arctic – unlike Antarctica – is an ocean surrounded by national states with sovereign rights to sea areas off their coasts, in accordance with international law.
And, as I have already mentioned: people do live here.
And, as I have already mentioned: people do live here.
Here on this picture you see the extent of the Russian maritime zone in the Arctic – and the projections for the Russian continental shelf.
Here on this picture you see the extent of the Russian maritime zone in the Arctic – and the projections for the Russian continental shelf.
The five Arctic coastal states agree that an international legal framework is already in place, namely the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
The five Arctic coastal states agree that an international legal framework is already in place, namely the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea.
The policies and mechanisms that are already in place will ensure that the Arctic continues to be a stable and peaceful region characterised by good neighbourly relations and scientific cooperation.
The policies and mechanisms that are already in place will ensure that the Arctic continues to be a stable and peaceful region characterised by good neighbourly relations and scientific cooperation.
Illustration: Research.
Illustration: Research.
EISCAT radar system.
EISCAT radar system.
Researchers from Norway, Russia and other countries are continuously developing collaboration on polar research.
Researchers from Norway, Russia and other countries are continuously developing collaboration on polar research.
It was attended by more than 2 300 polar researchers from nearly 50 countries – making it the largest polar research conference to date.
It was attended by more than 2 300 polar researchers from nearly 50 countries – making it the largest polar research conference to date.
Agreements on polar research cooperation are important tools for developing our mutual understanding of the challenges we are facing in the Arctic.
Agreements on polar research cooperation are important tools for developing our mutual understanding of the challenges we are facing in the Arctic.
Because at the end of the day, these challenges are common to us all.
Because at the end of the day, these challenges are common to us all.
I would like to point out that science and research not only form the foundation for understanding the world we are living in today, but also provide the basic raw material for my profession – foreign policy and diplomacy – and for my job as Foreign Minister of Norway.
I would like to point out that science and research not only form the foundation for understanding the world we are living in today, but also provide the basic raw material for my profession – foreign policy and diplomacy – and for my job as Foreign Minister of Norway.
We cannot take the right political actions unless the correct facts have been established.
We cannot take the right political actions unless the correct facts have been established.
Our room for manoeuvre as politicians is and has to be shaped by the knowledge scientists produce.
Our room for manoeuvre as politicians is and has to be shaped by the knowledge scientists produce.
And it has never been more timely for a Foreign Minister to commit him- or herself to science cooperation than it is today, given the character of many of the challenges the world is facing.
And it has never been more timely for a Foreign Minister to commit him- or herself to science cooperation than it is today, given the character of many of the challenges the world is facing.
Among the most complex of these are, of course, climate change and the question of how to build sustainable economies and societies for the future.
Among the most complex of these are, of course, climate change and the question of how to build sustainable economies and societies for the future.
It is obvious that international cooperation has a role in science, but as Foreign Minister I would also say that the opposite is true: that science has a role in international cooperation and foreign policy in general.
It is obvious that international cooperation has a role in science, but as Foreign Minister I would also say that the opposite is true: that science has a role in international cooperation and foreign policy in general.
I would therefore like to say a few words about the links between the scientific community and the political system.
I would therefore like to say a few words about the links between the scientific community and the political system.
Although we have distinctive roles to play, cooperation between us will be vital if we are to address the challenges of our time.
Although we have distinctive roles to play, cooperation between us will be vital if we are to address the challenges of our time.
An outstanding example is the way that climate change has come to the forefront of foreign policy, international cooperation and diplomacy today.
An outstanding example is the way that climate change has come to the forefront of foreign policy, international cooperation and diplomacy today.