natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
We have seen that international trade and environment institutions and agreements have worked side-by-side without any major problems up to now.
We have seen that international trade and environment institutions and agreements have worked side-by-side without any major problems up to now.
It is vital that this balance is preserved in the future.
It is vital that this balance is preserved in the future.
An important question in this context is whether incentives – active policies – in the form of subsidies for developing new technology should be permitted or not.
An important question in this context is whether incentives – active policies – in the form of subsidies for developing new technology should be permitted or not.
Let me briefly refer to Norway’s experience related to carbon capture and storage (CCS).
Let me briefly refer to Norway’s experience related to carbon capture and storage (CCS).
The short version is that – if successfully developed and then deployed worldwide – CCS could make a significant contribution to combating climate change.
The short version is that – if successfully developed and then deployed worldwide – CCS could make a significant contribution to combating climate change.
The IPCC has indicated that CCS technology could represent around 20% of the emissions cuts needed – and I have heard Frederic Hauge maintaining that for industrialised countries cuts will have to be around 50 % – i.e. massive.
The IPCC has indicated that CCS technology could represent around 20% of the emissions cuts needed – and I have heard Frederic Hauge maintaining that for industrialised countries cuts will have to be around 50 % – i.e. massive.
At the same time, this technology will not get off the ground without positive incentives.
At the same time, this technology will not get off the ground without positive incentives.
As always: First movers need an extra incentive.
As always: First movers need an extra incentive.
As you all know, government support for this project initially met obstacles in connection with the interpretation of the rules on state aid in the EEA agreement.
As you all know, government support for this project initially met obstacles in connection with the interpretation of the rules on state aid in the EEA agreement.
It took some time before we saw eye-to-eye with the EU on this issue, but projects of this kind are now considered to qualify for state aid.
It took some time before we saw eye-to-eye with the EU on this issue, but projects of this kind are now considered to qualify for state aid.
So, this we welcome.
So, this we welcome.
It is necessary for success – not to obtain short term benefits in the markets (that is prohibited under current EU and EEA competition law, as it should be), but to get research and development off the ground.
It is necessary for success – not to obtain short term benefits in the markets (that is prohibited under current EU and EEA competition law, as it should be), but to get research and development off the ground.
Reference to: Norway and the EU.
Reference to: Norway and the EU.
In other words, the extra support needed to develop climate change mitigation technology is compatible with the regional trade regime of the EEA.
In other words, the extra support needed to develop climate change mitigation technology is compatible with the regional trade regime of the EEA.
A far more controversial issue is the use of subsidies that stimulate the consumption of fossil fuels.
A far more controversial issue is the use of subsidies that stimulate the consumption of fossil fuels.
These measures may be important tools at the national level to stimulate economic growth, but they may also slow down the development of more climate friendly technologies and consumption patterns.
These measures may be important tools at the national level to stimulate economic growth, but they may also slow down the development of more climate friendly technologies and consumption patterns.
Changes in global rules on subsidies could be – and I believe should be – part of a broad climate change policy package.
Changes in global rules on subsidies could be – and I believe should be – part of a broad climate change policy package.
There may also be other areas where we need to look into the links between climate change policies and the trade regime.
There may also be other areas where we need to look into the links between climate change policies and the trade regime.
For example the relationship between the intellectual property system and the TRIPS agreement on the one hand, and the need for technology transfer on the other hand.
For example the relationship between the intellectual property system and the TRIPS agreement on the one hand, and the need for technology transfer on the other hand.
With this in view, Norway has taken initiatives – for example in the OECD – for an analysis on trade and climate change, which will be completed well in advance of the Climate Conference in Copenhagen in December 2009.
With this in view, Norway has taken initiatives – for example in the OECD – for an analysis on trade and climate change, which will be completed well in advance of the Climate Conference in Copenhagen in December 2009.
The third question is whether trade restrictions could be used to support climate change policies, for instance by subjecting imports from countries that have not signed climate agreements to a special tax.
The third question is whether trade restrictions could be used to support climate change policies, for instance by subjecting imports from countries that have not signed climate agreements to a special tax.
Such measures – at least in theory – could prevent carbon leakage by discouraging companies from moving production to countries with a weaker regulatory framework.
Such measures – at least in theory – could prevent carbon leakage by discouraging companies from moving production to countries with a weaker regulatory framework.
And such measures could – again – also provide more countries with an incentive to join the climate regime.
And such measures could – again – also provide more countries with an incentive to join the climate regime.
Sharing of technology.
Sharing of technology.
The question is whether such policies would be effective.
The question is whether such policies would be effective.
Frankly, I doubt that economic “threats” will convince countries like China, India, or for that matter the US, to join a new global climate regime.
Frankly, I doubt that economic “threats” will convince countries like China, India, or for that matter the US, to join a new global climate regime.
Threats are not conducive to a climate of international consensus.
Threats are not conducive to a climate of international consensus.
What we need is coalition building.
What we need is coalition building.
Such an approach could quickly lead to confrontation during both the negotiations and the implementation of a post-Kyoto regime.
Such an approach could quickly lead to confrontation during both the negotiations and the implementation of a post-Kyoto regime.
The WTO and its dispute settlement system would be burdened with conflicts regarding the legality of using trade measures for climate change purposes.
The WTO and its dispute settlement system would be burdened with conflicts regarding the legality of using trade measures for climate change purposes.
And nobody would benefit.
And nobody would benefit.
For developing countries, the issue of poverty reduction adds another dimension.
For developing countries, the issue of poverty reduction adds another dimension.
Threats to apply trade measures in a climate change context will be seen by many as threats to their economic and social development.
Threats to apply trade measures in a climate change context will be seen by many as threats to their economic and social development.
On the other hand we will need mechanisms that reflect the need for a regime that includes proper burden sharing.
On the other hand we will need mechanisms that reflect the need for a regime that includes proper burden sharing.
This means that rich and industrialised countries should contribute more and thus pay a price for having advanced during times when large emissions were not considered a problem.
This means that rich and industrialised countries should contribute more and thus pay a price for having advanced during times when large emissions were not considered a problem.
Summing up, I think it is fair to say that there is no inherent conflict between the trade regime and climate change regimes.
Summing up, I think it is fair to say that there is no inherent conflict between the trade regime and climate change regimes.
But as we develop new rules, governments will have to make sure that there is coherence between the two regimes.
But as we develop new rules, governments will have to make sure that there is coherence between the two regimes.
Again we can see a parallel to the development of labour law standards.
Again we can see a parallel to the development of labour law standards.
At the same time, we will need to take a closer look at incentives; incentives are key to the functioning of the market economy.
At the same time, we will need to take a closer look at incentives; incentives are key to the functioning of the market economy.
And as I agree with Sir Nicholas Stern that global warming must be seen as a major market failure.
And as I agree with Sir Nicholas Stern that global warming must be seen as a major market failure.
Thus, politically introduced incentives must be seen in the light of restoring the proper functioning of the market – this is something we need and should all support.
Thus, politically introduced incentives must be seen in the light of restoring the proper functioning of the market – this is something we need and should all support.
And finally, in our focus on rules and regimes, we should be wary of the political interests that may lie behind them.
And finally, in our focus on rules and regimes, we should be wary of the political interests that may lie behind them.
Threatening to use trade measures as a sanction for not implementing climate change commitments should be avoided.
Threatening to use trade measures as a sanction for not implementing climate change commitments should be avoided.
This could reduce our chances of establishing an effective global climate regime, rather than stimulating agreement.
This could reduce our chances of establishing an effective global climate regime, rather than stimulating agreement.
On the other hand, climate change could be regarded as a trade and investment challenge.
On the other hand, climate change could be regarded as a trade and investment challenge.
Because the technology that helps us reduce greenhouse gas emissions is traded like any other.
Because the technology that helps us reduce greenhouse gas emissions is traded like any other.
The skills to deal with climate change can be exported, and imported.
The skills to deal with climate change can be exported, and imported.
Is climate change policy incompatible with free trade?
Is climate change policy incompatible with free trade?
In other words, trade can be part of the climate change solution.
In other words, trade can be part of the climate change solution.
“Many political prisoners have now been released and important steps have been taken towards reconciliation and democracy.
- Mange politiske fanger er nå løslatt og det er tatt viktige skritt på veien mot forsoning og demokrati.
The change in Norwegian policy is a signal to the Government of Myanmar that reform pays,” said Foreign Minister Jonas Gahr Støre.
Den norske endringen er et signal til myndighetene i Myanmar om at reformer nytter, sier utenriksminister Jonas Gahr Støre.
“The country needs trade and investment in order to create jobs, promote development and reduce poverty.
- Landet trenger investeringer og handel for å skape sysselsetting, utvikling og redusere fattigdom.
Better standards of living will also help to propel further democratisation.
Bedre levekår vil også mobilisere for videre demokratiutvikling.
Side-event 4 September 2008 to the Oslo Conference on Decent Work
Arrangement 04.09.08 i tilknytning til the Oslo Conference on Decent Work
Opening address to a side-event 4 September 2008 to the Oslo Conference on Decent Work.
Dette var hovedbudskapet i statsekretær Raymond Johansens tale til konferansen om menneskehandel, tvangsarbeid og likestilling i Oslo 4. september 2008.
Dear ladies and gentlemen,
Dear ladies and gentlemen,
It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you all to this meeting on trafficking, forced labour and gender equality – a side event to the Oslo Conference on Decent Work taking place tomorrow on 5th of September.
It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you all to this meeting on trafficking, forced labour and gender equality – a side event to the Oslo Conference on Decent Work taking place tomorrow on 5th of September.
I would like to start by thanking our eminent panel of guest speakers for their willingness to share experiences, views and expertise with us here today.
I would like to start by thanking our eminent panel of guest speakers for their willingness to share experiences, views and expertise with us here today.
We look forward to hearing you.
We look forward to hearing you.
I would also like to encourage you all to contribute to the debate by raising questions or commenting on the issues raised.
I would also like to encourage you all to contribute to the debate by raising questions or commenting on the issues raised.
The objective of the side event is two-fold.
The objective of the side event is two-fold.
Firstly, to highlight trafficking, forced labour and the gender dimension of globalisation in the broader context of decent work.
Firstly, to highlight trafficking, forced labour and the gender dimension of globalisation in the broader context of decent work.
Secondly, to provide an input from experts and civil society to the Decent Work conference organised tomorrow at the initative of the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Secondly, to provide an input from experts and civil society to the Decent Work conference organised tomorrow at the initative of the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Key messages from the event will be forwarded to the conference on Decent Work tomorrow by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Key messages from the event will be forwarded to the conference on Decent Work tomorrow by the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
I am confident that the conference will benefit from the extraordinary competence and experience that is gathered here today.
I am confident that the conference will benefit from the extraordinary competence and experience that is gathered here today.
In my view, progress on the descent work agenda is only possible if we use a broad range of tools and means, both at the national and at the international level.
In my view, progress on the descent work agenda is only possible if we use a broad range of tools and means, both at the national and at the international level.
We need strong cooperation between authorities, labour and employer’s organisations – and we need a close partnership with civil society.
We need strong cooperation between authorities, labour and employer’s organisations – and we need a close partnership with civil society.
Trafficking in human being has rightly been described as the modern equivalent of the slave trade.
Trafficking in human being has rightly been described as the modern equivalent of the slave trade.
It is amongst the gravest forms of human rights violations.
It is amongst the gravest forms of human rights violations.
It is a denial of human dignity, and as such it is intolerable.
It is a denial of human dignity, and as such it is intolerable.
A lot has been done the last few years to combat human trafficking.
A lot has been done the last few years to combat human trafficking.
Awarness amongst political leaders and in the general public alike has risen dramatically.
Awarness amongst political leaders and in the general public alike has risen dramatically.
This is positive and it is necessary.
This is positive and it is necessary.
We know that trafficking in human beings is a problem of supply and demand.
We know that trafficking in human beings is a problem of supply and demand.
Growing public demand for cheaper goods and services may fuel exploitative practices.
Growing public demand for cheaper goods and services may fuel exploitative practices.
Public awareness about trafficking for labour exploitation is therefore key.
Public awareness about trafficking for labour exploitation is therefore key.
However, we know that the numbers of human beings falling prey to traffickers are growing day by day.
However, we know that the numbers of human beings falling prey to traffickers are growing day by day.
The reason is simple: human trafficking is a billion dollar industry controlled by organised crime.
The reason is simple: human trafficking is a billion dollar industry controlled by organised crime.
Profits made are immense.
Profits made are immense.
Risks are limited.
Risks are limited.
The victims are particularly vulnerable individuals or groups unlikely to stand up and defend themselves without the support of others.
The victims are particularly vulnerable individuals or groups unlikely to stand up and defend themselves without the support of others.
We know that prostitution and trafficking often goes hand in hand.
We know that prostitution and trafficking often goes hand in hand.
This is the reason why Norway has now decided to criminalize the buying of sexual services from 2009.
This is the reason why Norway has now decided to criminalize the buying of sexual services from 2009.
It will be important to monitor the effect this will have on trafficking for sexual exploitation.
It will be important to monitor the effect this will have on trafficking for sexual exploitation.
According to the ILO; trafficking for forced labour is increasing.
According to the ILO; trafficking for forced labour is increasing.
Most of the victims are migrants, unaware of their rights, and of national legislation.
Most of the victims are migrants, unaware of their rights, and of national legislation.
In the Nordic countries, victims are often illegal migrant workers or workers from less developed EU countries.
In the Nordic countries, victims are often illegal migrant workers or workers from less developed EU countries.
Legislation on trafficking for forced labour is quite new in many countries.
Legislation on trafficking for forced labour is quite new in many countries.
In Norway there has until now only been one criminal conviction regarding forced labour.
In Norway there has until now only been one criminal conviction regarding forced labour.
Prosecution is – important though it is – only one of the tools we need to apply in our anti-trafficking efforts.
Prosecution is – important though it is – only one of the tools we need to apply in our anti-trafficking efforts.
Prevention and protection are equally important.
Prevention and protection are equally important.
And we need to be targeted.
And we need to be targeted.
We must identify sectors in the economy that are vulnerable to trafficking in human beings.
We must identify sectors in the economy that are vulnerable to trafficking in human beings.
Especially prone to exploitation are for instance restaurants, hotels, agriculture, domestic households, subcontracting in the construction industry and berry picking.
Especially prone to exploitation are for instance restaurants, hotels, agriculture, domestic households, subcontracting in the construction industry and berry picking.
Trafficking even sometimes occurs in cases where the public sector is the end customer.
Trafficking even sometimes occurs in cases where the public sector is the end customer.
A growing demand for domestic help and the need for cheaper services within the domestic and cleaning sector makes it even more important to facilitate legal growth for such sectors.
A growing demand for domestic help and the need for cheaper services within the domestic and cleaning sector makes it even more important to facilitate legal growth for such sectors.
Furthermore, we need to increase the involvement of trade unions, labour inspectors and of NGOs to reach out also to migrant workers, including irregular migrants and domestic workers.
Furthermore, we need to increase the involvement of trade unions, labour inspectors and of NGOs to reach out also to migrant workers, including irregular migrants and domestic workers.
Employers also have a crucial role in identifying victims of forced labour.
Employers also have a crucial role in identifying victims of forced labour.
A strong partnership between law enforcement and civil society is necessary in terms of better identification of cases.
A strong partnership between law enforcement and civil society is necessary in terms of better identification of cases.
Identification not only of victims but of such crime and the networks involved.
Identification not only of victims but of such crime and the networks involved.
The Norwegian Government’s Plan of Action to Combat Human Trafficking (2006-2009) states that if the fight against human trafficking is to be effective, there must be a strong international framework and international cooperation at the operational level.
The Norwegian Government’s Plan of Action to Combat Human Trafficking (2006-2009) states that if the fight against human trafficking is to be effective, there must be a strong international framework and international cooperation at the operational level.
And action needs to be monitored.
And action needs to be monitored.
This is why Norway strongly supports the new Council of Europe Convention against trafficking in human beings and the establishment of its monitoring mechanism GRETA – the Group of Experts against Trafficking in Human Beings.
This is why Norway strongly supports the new Council of Europe Convention against trafficking in human beings and the establishment of its monitoring mechanism GRETA – the Group of Experts against Trafficking in Human Beings.
An effective, independent monitoring mechanism is key to obtain and to measure progress.
An effective, independent monitoring mechanism is key to obtain and to measure progress.
For the same reason, Norway will during the Conference of States Parties in October this year support efforts in view of the establishment of a monitoring mechanism under the UN Protocol to Prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, the Palermo Protocol.
For the same reason, Norway will during the Conference of States Parties in October this year support efforts in view of the establishment of a monitoring mechanism under the UN Protocol to Prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, the Palermo Protocol.
Norway has established a strategic partnership with the ILO to contribute to the organisation’s Decent work agenda, which includes ratifying and enforcing the ILOs eight core conventions.
Norway has established a strategic partnership with the ILO to contribute to the organisation’s Decent work agenda, which includes ratifying and enforcing the ILOs eight core conventions.
Four of them are directly relevant to human trafficking, two banning child labour and two banning forced labour.
Four of them are directly relevant to human trafficking, two banning child labour and two banning forced labour.
The strategic partnership with the ILO entails both financial contributions and political support.
The strategic partnership with the ILO entails both financial contributions and political support.
The ILO estimates that 12 million people are involved in forced labour in the world, many of whom as a consequence of human trafficking.
The ILO estimates that 12 million people are involved in forced labour in the world, many of whom as a consequence of human trafficking.