natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
On 31 December 2019, the outbreak was traced to a novel strain of coronavirus, which was given the interim name 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization (WHO), later renamed SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
Pada 31 Disember 2019, wabak dijejak pada strain novel koronavirus, yang diberikan nama sementara 2019-nCoV oleh Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO), kemudiannya menamakan semula sebagai SARS-CoV-2 oleh Jawatankuasa Antarabangsa mengenai Taksonomi Virus.
Some researchers have suggested the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market may not be the original source of viral transmission to humans.As of 17 April 2020, there have been at least 153,822 confirmed deaths and more than 2,240,191 confirmed cases in the coronavirus pneumonia pandemic.
Sesetengah penyelidik mencadangkan Pasar Borong Makanan Laut Huanan mungkin bukannya sumber asal pemindahan virus kepada manusia. Setakat 17 April 2020, terdapat sekurang-kurangnya 153,822 kematian yang disahkan dan lebih daripada 2,240,191 kes disahkan dalam pandemik pneumonia koronavirus.
The Wuhan strain has been identified as a new strain of Betacoronavirus from group 2B with approximately 70% genetic similarity to the SARS-CoV.
Strain Wuhan dikenal pasti sebagai strain Betakoronavirus baharu dari kumpulan 2B dengan persamaan 70% genetik berbanding SARS-CoV.
The virus has a 96% similarity to a bat coronavirus, so it is widely suspected to originate from bats as well.
Virus mempunyai persamaan 96% dengan koronavirus kelawar, maka disyaki secara meluas yang berasal daripada kelawar juga.
The pandemic has resulted in travel restrictions and nationwide lockdowns in several countries.
Pandemik menyebabkan sekatan perjalanan dan sekatan pergerakan seluruh negara di beberapa negara.
Coronaviruses have been recognized as causing pathological conditions in veterinary medicine since the 1930s.
Koronavirus dikenal pasti sebagai penyebab keadaan patologikal dalam perubatan veterinar sejak 1930an.
Except for avian infectious bronchitis, the major related diseases have mainly an intestinal location.
Melainkan untuk bronkitis jangkitan avian, penyakit berkaitan utama ialah lokasi jangkitan usus.
Coronaviruses primarily infect the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of mammals and birds.
Koronavirus menjangkiti saluran pernafasan bahagian atas dan gastrousus haiwan dan burung.
They also cause a range of diseases in farm animals and domesticated pets, some of which can be serious and are a threat to the farming industry.
Ia juga menyebabkan kepelbagaian penyakit dalam haiwan ternakan dan haiwan peliharaan domestik, sesetengahnya boleh menjadi serius dan menjadi ancaman kepada industri penternakan.
In chickens, the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, targets not only the respiratory tract but also the urogenital tract.
Dalam ayam, virus bronkitis berjangkit (IBV), satu koronavirus menyasarkan bukan sahaja saluran pernafasan tetapi juga saluran urogenital.
The virus can spread to different organs throughout the chicken.
Virus boleh menyebar ke organ berbeza dalam tubuh ayam.
Economically significant coronaviruses of farm animals include porcine coronavirus (transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, TGE) and bovine coronavirus, which both result in diarrhea in young animals.
Koronavirus penting secara ekonomi untuk haiwan ternakan termasuk koronavirus porsin (koronavirus gastroenteritis boleh pindah, TGE) dan koronavirus bovin, kedua-duanya menyebabkan diarea dalam haiwan berusia muda.
Feline coronavirus: two forms, feline enteric coronavirus is a pathogen of minor clinical significance, but spontaneous mutation of this virus can result in feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a disease associated with high mortality.
Koronavirus felin: dua bentuk, koronavirus enterik felin ialah patogen kepentingan klinikal kecil tetapi mutasi spontan virus ini boleh menyebabkan peritonitis jangkitan felin (FIP), satu penyakit dikaitkan dengan kadar kematian yang tinggi.
Similarly, there are two types of coronavirus that infect ferrets: Ferret enteric coronavirus causes a gastrointestinal syndrome known as epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE), and a more lethal systemic version of the virus (like FIP in cats) known as ferret systemic coronavirus (FSC).
Sama sahaja, dua jenis koronavirus yang menjangkiti feret: Koronavirus enterik feret menyebabkan sindrom gastrousus dikenali sebagai enterik katar epizootik (ECE), and versi sistematik virus yang lebih membawa maut (seperti FIP dalam kucing) dikenali sebagai koronavirus sistemik feret (FSC).
There are two types of canine coronavirus (CCoV), one that causes mild gastrointestinal disease and one that has been found to cause respiratory disease.
Terdapat dua jenis koronavirus kanin (CCoV), satu yang menyebabkan penyakit gastrousus ringan dan satu lagi yang ditemui sebagai penyebab penyakit pernafasan.
Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is a coronavirus that causes an epidemic murine illness with high mortality, especially among colonies of laboratory mice.
Virus hepatitis tikus (MHV) ialah sejenis koronavirus yang menyebabkan penyakut murin epidemik dengan kadar kematian tinggi, terutamanya dalam kalangan koloni tikus makmal.
Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDAV) is highly infectious coronavirus of laboratory rats, which can be transmitted between individuals by direct contact and indirectly by aerosol.
Virus sialodakrioadenitis (SDAV) ialah koronavirus sangat berjangkit oleh tikus makmal, yang boleh dipindahkan antara individu melalui hubungan langsung dan tidak langsung melalui aerosol.
Some strains of MHV cause a progressive demyelinating encephalitis in mice which has been used as a murine model for multiple sclerosis.
Beberapa strain MHV menyebabkan ensefalitis pendemielinan progresif dalam tikus yang digunakan sebagai model murin untuk sklerosis berbilang.
Significant research efforts have been focused on elucidating the viral pathogenesis of these animal coronaviruses, especially by virologists interested in veterinary and zoonotic diseases.
Usaha penyelidikan penting ditumpukan terhadap menjelaskan patogenesis virus untuk koronavirus semua haiwan ini, terutamanya oleh pakar virologi yang berminat dalam penyakit veterinar dan zoonotik.
Porcine coronavirus (transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus of pigs, TGEV).
Koronavirus porsin (koronavirus gastroenteritis boleh pindah khinzir, TGEV).
Bovine coronavirus (BCV), responsible for severe profuse enteritis in of young calves.
Koronavirus bovin (BCV), bertanggungjawab untuk enteritis profus teruk dalam anak-anak lembu.
Feline coronavirus (FCoV) causes mild enteritis in cats as well as severe Feline infectious peritonitis (other variants of the same virus).
Koronavirus felin (FCoV) menyebabkan enteritis ringan dalam kucing serta Peritonitis berjangkit felin teruk (variasi lain daripada virus yang sama).
the two types of canine coronavirus (CCoV) (one causing enteritis, the other found in respiratory diseases).
dua jenis koronavirus kanin (CCoV) (satu menyebabkan enteritis, satu lagi ditemui dalam penyakit pernafasan).
Turkey coronavirus (TCV) causes enteritis in turkeys.
Koronavirus ayam belanda (TCV) menyebabkan enteritis dalam ayam belanda.
Ferret enteric coronavirus causes epizootic catarrhal enteritis in ferrets.
Koronavirus enterik feret menyebabkan enteritis katar epizootik dalam feret.
Ferret systemic coronavirus causes FIP-like systemic syndrome in ferrets.
Koronavirus sistemik feret menyebabkan sindrom sistemik seperti FIP dalam feret.
Rabbit enteric coronavirus causes acute gastrointestinal disease and diarrhea in young European rabbits.
Koronavirus enterik arnab menyebabkan penyakit gastrousus akut dan diarea dalam arnab Eropah yang muda.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PED or PEDV), has emerged around the world.
Virus diarea epidemik porsin (PED atau PEDV), muncul di seluruh dunia.
b'Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Penyakit b'Koronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ialah penyakit jangkitan disebabkan oleh koronavirus sindrom respirasi akut teruk 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Common symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath.
Gejala-gejala biasa termasuk demam, batuk dan sesak nafas.
Other symptoms may include fatigue, muscle pain, diarrhea, sore throat, loss of smell, and abdominal pain.
Gejala-gejala lain mungkin termasuk keletihan, sakit otot, diarea, sakit kerongkong, hilang deria bau dan sakit abdomen.
The time from exposure to onset of symptoms is typically around five days but may range from two to fourteen days.
Masa sejak pendedahan sehingga pemulaan gelajala biasanya selama lima hari tetapi mungkin bermula antara dua hingga empat belas hari.
While the majority of cases result in mild symptoms, some progress to viral pneumonia and multi-organ failure.
Sementara majoriti kes menyebabkan gejala ringan, sesetengahnya maju menjadi pneumonia virus dan kegagalan berbilang organ.
As of 17 April 2020, more than 2.24 million cases have been reported across 210 countries and territories, resulting in more than 153,000 deaths.
Setakat 17 April 2020, lebih daripada 2.24 juta kes telah dilaporkan di seluruh 210 negara dan wilayah, menyebabkan lebih daripada 153,000 kematian.
More than 568,000 people have recovered.The virus is primarily spread between people during close contact, often via small droplets produced by coughing, sneezing, or talking.
Lebih daripada 568,000 orang pesakit sudah pulih. Virus ini khususnya menyebar antara manusia semasa hubungan dekat, selalunya menerusi titisan kecil dihasilkan menerusi batuk, bersin atau bercakap.
While these droplets are produced when breathing out, they usually fall to the ground or onto surfaces rather than being infectious over long distances.
Sementara titisan-titisan ini dihasilkan semasa menghembus nafas, biasanya ia jatuh ke tanah atau atas permukaan berbanding menjadi jangkitan untuk jarak yang jauh.
People may also become infected by touching a contaminated surface and then touching their eyes, nose, or mouth.
Orang ramai juga boleh dijangkiti dengan menyentuh permukaan yang tercemar dan kemudian menyentuh mata, hidung atau mulut mereka.
The virus can survive on surfaces up to 72 hours.
Virus boleh kekal hidup atas permukaan sehingga 72 jam.
It is most contagious during the first three days after the onset of symptoms, although spread may be possible before symptoms appear and in later stages of the disease.The standard method of diagnosis is by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab.
Paling berjangkit semasa tiga hari pertama selepas permulaan gejala, walaupun penyebaran mungkin berlaku sebelum gejala muncul dan dalam peringkat penyakit yang seterusnya. Kaedah standard diagnosis ialah dengan reaksi rantai polimerase transkripsi berbalik masa nyata (cRT-PCR) dari swab nasofaringeal.
The use of masks is recommended for those who suspect they have the virus and their caregivers.
Penggunaan topeng disyorkan kepada mereka yang mengesyaki diri mereka membawa virus dan penjaga mereka.
Recommendations for mask use by the general public vary, with some authorities recommending against their use, some recommending their use, and others requiring their use.
Pengesyoran untuk penggunaan topeng oleh orang awam biasa berbeza, dengan sesetengah pihak berkuasa mengesyorkan tidak menggunakannya, sesetengahnya mengesyorkan penggunaannya dan yang lain mewajibkan penggunaannya.
Currently, there is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19.
Pada masa ini, tiada vaksin atau rawatan virus khusus untuk COVID-19.
Local transmission of the disease has been recorded in most countries across all six WHO regions.
Pemindahan setempat penyakit dicatatkan di kebanyakan negara seluruh kesemua enam wilayah WHO.
Those infected with the virus may be asymptomatic or develop flu-like symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
Mereka yang dijangkiti dengan virus mungkin asimptomatik atau menunjukkan gejala-gejala seperti flu seperti demam, batuk, keletihan dan kesesakan nafas.
Emergency symptoms include difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain or pressure, confusion, difficulty waking, and bluish face or lips; immediate medical attention is advised if these symptoms are present.
Gejala-gejala kecemasan termasuk kesukaran pernafasan, sakit atau tekanan dada berterusan, kebingungan, kesukaran berjalan dan muka atau bibir kebiruan; perhatian perubatan segera dinasihatkan jika gelaja-gejala ini muncul.
Less commonly, upper respiratory symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose or sore throat may be seen.
Kurang biasa, gelaja pernafasan bahagian atas seperti bersin, hidung berair atau sakit kerongkong mungkin diperhatikan.
Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea have been observed in varying percentages.
Gejala-gejala gastrousus seperti rasa loya, muntah dan diarea diperhatikan dalam peratusan berbilang.
Some cases in China initially presented only with chest tightness and palpitations.
Beberapa kes di China pada awalnya hanya menunjukkan kesesakan data dan palpitasi.
In some, the disease may progress to pneumonia, multi-organ failure, and death.
Dalam sesetengahnya, penyakit boleh maju menjadi pneumonia, kegagalan berbilang organ dan kematian.
This is called the incubation period.
Ini dipanggil tempoh inkubasi.
The incubation period for COVID-19 is typically five to six days but may range from two to 14 days.
Tempoh inkubasi untuk COVID-19 biasanya lima hingga enam hari tetapi mungkin antara dua hingga 14 hari.
97.5% of people who develop symptoms will do so within 11.5 days of infection.Reports indicate that not all who are infected develop symptoms.
97.5% pesakit yang menunjukkan gejala-gejala akan melakukannya dalam 11.5 hari sejak jangkitan. Laporan menunjukkan bahawa bukan semua yang dijangkiti menunjukkan gejala.
The role of these asymptomatic carriers in transmission is not yet fully known; however, preliminary evidence suggests that they may contribute to the spread of the disease.
Peranan pembawa asimptomatik ini dalam pemindahan masih tidak diketahui sepenuhnya; bagaimanapun, bukti awal mencadangkan bahawa ia mungkin menyumbang kepada penyebaran penyakit.
The proportion of infected people who do not display symptoms is currently unknown and being studied, with the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) reporting that 20% of all confirmed cases remained asymptomatic during their hospital stay.
Perkadaran mereka yang dijangkiti tidak menunjukkan gejala-gejala tidak diketahui buat masa ini dan sedang dikaji, dengan Pusat Kawalan dan Pencegahan Penyakit Korea (KDCC) melaporkan bahawa 20% daripada semua kes yang disahkan kekal asimptomatik semasa tinggal di hospital mereka.
China's National Health Commission began including asymptomatic cases in its daily cases on 1 April; of the 166 infections on that day, 130 (78%) were asymptomatic at the time of testing.
Suruhanjaya Kesihatan Kebangsaan China mula memasukkan kes asimptomatik dalam kes harian mereka pada 1 April; daripada 166 jangkitan pada hari itu, 130 (78%) merupakan asimptomatik pada masa pengujian.
Both sputum and saliva can carry large viral loads.
Kahak dan saliva boleh membawa beban virus yang banyak.
Loud talking releases more droplets than normal talking.
Bercakap kuat melepaskan lebih titisan berbanding bercakap secara normal.
A study in Singapore found that an uncovered cough can lead to droplets travelling up to 4.5 meters (15 feet).
Satu kajian di Singapura mendapati bahawa batuk tidak menutup mulut boleh menyebabkan titisan bergerak sehingga 4.5 meter (15 kaki).
Though the virus is not generally airborne, the National Academy of Science has suggested that bioaerosol transmission may be possible and air collectors positioned in the hallway outside of people's rooms yielded samples positive for viral RNA.
Walaupun virus bukannya secara bawaan, Akademik Sains Kebangsaan mencadangkan bahawa pemindahan bioaerosol berkemungkinan dan pengumpul udara pada kedudukan dalam lorong di luar bilik orang ramai menunjukkan sampel positif untuk RNA virus.
Some medical procedures such as intubation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may cause respiratory secretions to be aerosolised and thus result in airborne spread.
Beberapa prosedur perubatan seperti intubasi dan resusitasi kardiopulmonari (CPR) mungkin menyebabkan rembesan respirasi menjadi aerosol dan seterusnya menyebabkan penyebaran bawaan.
While there are concerns it may spread via feces, this risk is believed to be low.The virus is most contagious when people are symptomatic; while spread may be possible before symptoms emerge, the risk is low.
Walaupun ada kebimbangan ia menyebar menerusi tinja, risiko ini dipercayai rendah. Virus sangat menular apabila orang yang asimptomatik; walaupun penyebaran adalah mungkin sebelum kemunculan gejala, risikonya rendah.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) says while it is not entirely clear how easily the disease spreads, one person generally infects two to three others.The virus survives for hours to days on surfaces.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) menyebut walaupun keseluruhannya tidak jelas tentang mudahnya penyakit tersebar, seseorang menjangkiti dua hingga tiga orang secara umumnya. Virus bertahan untuk beberapa jam sehingga beberapa hari pada permukaan.
Specifically, the virus was found to be detectable for one day on cardboard, for up to three days on plastic (polypropylene) and stainless steel (AISI 304), and for up to four hours on 99% copper.
Khususnya, virus ditemui sebagai boleh dikesan untuk sehari atas kadbod, sehingga tiga hari atas plastik (polipropilena) dan keluli tahan karat (AISI 304), and sehingga empat jam atas 99% tembaga.
This, however, varies depending on the humidity and temperature.
Namun, ini berbeza bergantung pada kelembapan dan suhu.
Soap and detergent are also effective if correctly used; soap products degrade the virus' fatty protective layer, deactivating it, as well as freeing them from skin and other surfaces.
Sabun dan detergen juga berkesan jika digunakan dengan betul; produk sabun melemahkan lapisan perlindungan lemak virus, menyahaktifkannya serta membebaskannya dari kulit dan permukaan lain.
Other solutions, such as benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate (a surgical disinfectant), are less effective.In a Hong Kong study, saliva samples were taken a median of two days after the start of hospitalization.
Larutan lain seperti benzalkonium klorida dan klorheksidina glukonat (bahan penyahjangkit pembedahan) kurang berkesan. Dalam satu kajian Hong Kong, contoh saliva diambil untuk median selama dua hari selepas permulaan kemasukan hospital.
In five of six patients, the first sample showed the highest viral load, and the sixth patient showed the highest viral load on the second day tested.
Dalam lima daripada enam pesakit, sampel pertama menunjukkan beban virus tertinggi, and pesakit keenam menunjukkan beban virus tertinggi pada hari kedua diuji.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, first isolated from three people with pneumonia connected to the cluster of acute respiratory illness cases in Wuhan.
Koronavirus sindrom respirasi akut teruk 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ialah novel koronavirus sindrom respirasi akut teruk, pertama diasingkan daripada tiga orang dengan pneumonia berkaitan dengan kluster kes penyakit respirasi akut di Wuhan.
All features of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus occur in related coronaviruses in nature.
Semua ciri-ciri novel virus SARS-CoV-2 berlaku dalam koronavirus berkaitan secara semula jadi.
Outside the human body, the virus is killed by household soap, which bursts its protective bubble.SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to the original SARS-CoV.
Di luar badan manusia, virus dibunuh oleh sabun isi rumah, yang membocorkan gelembung pelindungnya. SARS-CoV-2 hampir berkaitan dengan SARS-CoV asal.
The lungs are the organs most affected by COVID-19 because the virus accesses host cells via the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is most abundant in the type II alveolar cells of the lungs.
Paru-paru ialah organ yang paling terjejas oleh COVID-19 kerana virus mengakses sel hos menerusi enzim penukar enzim angiotensin (ACE2), yang paling banyak dalam sel alveolus jenis II pada paru-paru.
The virus uses a special surface glycoprotein called a "spike" (peplomer) to connect to ACE2 and enter the host cell.
Virus menggunakan permukaan khas glikoprotein yang dipanggil "pepaku" (peplomer) untuk menyambung pada ACE2 dan memasuki sel hos.
Acute cardiac injury was found in 12% of infected people admitted in hospital in Wuhan, China, and is more frequent in severe disease.
Kecederaan kardium akut ditemui dalam 12% orang dijangkiti yang dimasukkan ke hospital di Wuhan, China dan lebih kerap dalam penyakit teruk.
Rates of cardiovascular symptoms is high, owing to the systemic inflammatory response and immune system disorders during disease progression, but acute myocardial injury may also be related to ACE2 receptors in the heart.
Kadar gejala kardiovaskular tinggi, disebabkan tindakan balas keradangan sistemik dan penyakit sistem imun semasa kemajuan penyakit, tetapi kecederaan miokardium akut mungkin juga berkaitan dengan reseptor ACE2 dalam jantung.
ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in the heart and are involved in heart function.
Reseptor ACE2 sangat banyak di dalam jantung dan terlibat dalam fungsi jantung.
A high incidence of thrombosis (31%) and venous thromboembolism (25%) have been found in ICU patients with COVID-19 infections and may be related to poor prognosis.Autopsies of people who died of COVID-19 have found diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), and lymphocyte-containing inflammatory infiltrates within the lung.
Insiden tinggi trombosis (31%) dan tromboembolisme vena (25%) ditemui dalam pesakit ICU dengan jangkitan COVID-19 dan mungkin berkaitan dengan prognosis lemah. Autopsi mereka yang meninggal dunia kerana COVID-19 telah menemui kerosakan alveolus difus (DAD), dan pencerobohan limfosit mengandungi keradangan di dalam paru-paru.
Although SARS-COV-2 has a tropism for ACE2-expressing epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, patients with severe COVID-19 have symptoms of systemic hyperinflammation.
Walaupun SARS-COV-2 mempunyai tropisme untuk sel epitelial ekspresi ACE2 pada saluran pernafasan, pesakit dengan COVID-19 teruk mempunyai gejala hiperkeradangan sistemik.
In particular, pathogenic GM-CSF-secreting T-cells were shown to correlate with the recruitment of inflammatory IL-6-secreting monocytes and severe lung pathology in COVID-19 patients.
Khususnya, sel T merembeskan GM-CSF patogenik ditunjukkan bagi mengkorelasi dengan pengambilan keradangan monosit merembeskan IL-6 dan patologi paru-paru teruk dalam pesakit COVID-19.
Lymphocytic infiltrates have also been reported at autopsy.
Pencerobohan limfositik juga dilaporkan semasa autopsi.
The WHO has published several testing protocols for the disease.
WHO menerbitkan beberapa protokol pengujian untuk penyakit.
The standard method of testing is real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR).
Kaedah standard pengujian ialah reaksi rantai polimerase transkripsi berbalik masa nyata (rPT-PCR).
The test is typically done on respiratory samples obtained by a nasopharyngeal swab; however, a nasal swab or sputum sample may also be used.
Ujian biasanya dilakukan pada sampel pernafasan diperoleh dengan swab nasofaringeal; bagaimanapun, swab hidung atau sampel kahak mungkin juga digunakan.
Results are generally available within a few hours to two days.
Keputusannya secara umumnya boleh didapati dalam beberapa jam sehingga dua hari.
Blood tests can be used, but these require two blood samples taken two weeks apart and the results have little immediate value.
Ujian darah boleh digunakan tetapi ini memerlukan dua sampel darah diambil dua minggu berjarak dan keputusannya mempunyai nilai segera yang sedikit.