natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Mycopathologia, ISSN 1573-0832 (electronic), ISSN 0301-486X (paper), Springer
Mycopathologia, ISSN 1573-0832 (electronic), ISSN 0301-486X (paper), Springer
Hand washing before administering medicine or medical care can prevent or minimize the spread of disease.
Mencuci tangan sebelum mentadbir ubat atau rawatan perubatan boleh mencegah atau meminimumkan penyebaran penyakit.
December 2003: changed to current KCDC
Disember 2003: ditukar kepada KCDC semasa
Preventive measures were subsequently taken to monitor those who came into contact with the person where the others tested negative.
Langkah-langkah pencegahan kemudiannya diambil untuk memantau orang-orang yang bersentuhan dengan orang manakala orang lain diuji negatif.
On 3 March, the first case was reported in the country with a young man who had contact with an infected person in Switzerland.
Pada 3 Mac, kes pertama dilaporkan di negara ini dengan seorang lelaki muda yang mempunyai hubungan dengan individu yang dijangkiti di Switzerland.
Perutusan Khas YAB Perdana Menteri Mengenai Covid-19 (16 Mac 2020) (in Malay)
Perutusan Khas YAB Perdana Menteri Mengenai Covid-19 (16 Mac 2020) (dalam bahasa Melayu)
On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.
Pada 12 Januari 2020, Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) mengesahkan bahawa novel koronavirus ialah penyebab penyakit pernafasan kepada sekumpulan orang di Bandar Wuhan, Wilayah Hubei, China, yang dilaporkan kepada WHO pada 31 Disember 2019.
On 6 March, the Egyptian Health Ministry and WHO confirmed 12 new cases of coronavirus infection.
Pada 6 Mac, Kementerian Kesihatan Mesir dan WHO mengesahkan 12 kes jangkitan koronavirus baru.
GNU Emacs was later ported to Unix.
GNU Emacs kemudiannya diport kepada Unix.
On 27 February, Abe requested the closure of all schools from 2 March to the end of spring vacations, which usually conclude in early April.
Pada 27 Februari, Shinzo Abe meminta penutupan semua sekolah untuk membendung penyebaran jangkitan dari 2 Mac hingga akhir cuti musim bunga, yang biasanya disimpulkan pada awal April.
The Philippines reported 45 new cases, taking the total to 187.
Filipina melaporkan 45 kes baru, menjadikan jumlahnya kepada 187.
A list of measures intended to slow down the spreading of the virus and to protect at-risk groups were implemented in accordance with the Emergency Powers Act (1552/2011), the Communicable Diseases Act (1227/2016), and other legislation.
Senarai langkah-langkah yang bertujuan untuk memperlambat penyebaran virus dan melindungi kelompok berisiko dilaksanakan sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Kuasa Darurat (1552/2011), Undang-Undang Penyakit Berjangkit (1227/2016), dan undang-undang lain.
In response to a polio epidemic (where many patients required constant ventilation and surveillance), Bjørn Aage Ibsen established the first intensive care unit in Copenhagen in 1953.
Untuk membasmi wabak polio (yang mana ramai pesakit memerlukan pengudaraan dan penyeliaan tanpa henti), Bjørn Aage Ibsen menubuhkan unit rawatan rapi pertama di Copenhagen pada tahun 1953.
Construction began that day.
Pembinaan bermula pada hari itu.
December 1963: merged with National Chemical Laboratories, National Laboratory of Herb Medicine and National Institute of Public Health Training
Disember 1963: bergabung dengan Makmal Kimia Kebangsaan, Makmal Kebangsaan Perubatan Herba dan Institut Latihan Kesihatan Awam Negara
The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic was confirmed to have reached Bosnia and Herzegovina on 5 March 2020 in Banja Luka, who had been in Italy during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic.
Pandemik COVID-19 telah disahkan merebak ke Bosnia dan Herzegovina pada 5 Mac 2020 dengan kes pertama di Banja Luka, dimana seseorang telah berada di Itali semasa pandemik COVID-19 yang kemudian disahkan positif.
The state of Sabah expanded their travel restriction to all points of entry by air, sea or land starting 8 February, involving everyone except Sabahan citizens with recent travel history to mainland China within 14 days, while Sabahan citizens with such travel history must undergo a 14-day quarantine at home.
Negeri Sabah memperluaskan sekatan perjalanan mereka ke semua tempat kemasukan sama ada melalui udara, laut atau darat bermula 8 Februari, yang melibatkan semua orang kecuali penduduk Sabah dengan sejarah perjalanan baru ke tanah besar China dalam masa 14 hari, sementara penduduk Sabah dengan sejarah perjalanan sedemikian mesti menjalani 14 hari kuarantin di rumah.
Semmelweis proposed the practice of washing hands with chlorinated lime solutions in 1847 while working in Vienna General Hospital's First Obstetrical Clinic, where doctors' wards had three times the mortality of midwives' wards.
Semmelweis mengusulkan amalan membasuh tangan dengan solusi kapur berklorin pada tahun 1847 sambil bekerja di Klinik Obstetrik Pertama Hospital Besar Vienna, di mana wad doktor mempunyai tiga kali ganda mortaliti wad bidan.
The woman came to Malaysia on 25 January and referred to Kuala Lumpur Hospital.
Wanita itu datang ke Malaysia pada 25 Januari dan dirujuk ke Hospital Kuala Lumpur.
As an example there are several Portuguese food recipes with canned food.
Sebagai contoh terdapat beberapa resipi makanan Portugis bagi makanan dalam tin.
From 31 January, over 81 suspected cases were reported, in which 79 cases were tested negative.
Dari 31 Januari, lebih 81 kes disyaki telah dilaporkan, di mana 79 daripadanya diuji negatif.
Other members have been added since the initial appointments.
Anggota lain telah ditambahkan sejak awal pembentukan.
On 9 March, Isabel Díaz Ayuso announced the cancellation of classes in the Autonomous community of Madrid at all educational levels due to the strong increase in cases in the region, which affected 1.5 million students.
Presiden kerajaan serantau Madrid, Isabel Díaz Ayuso, mengumumkan pembatalan kelas dalam masyarakat Autonomi Madrid di semua peringkat pendidikan kerana peningkatan yang kuat dalam kes-kes di rantau ini, dikira akan menjejaskan lebih daripada 1.5 juta pelajar.
The two new cases were from the same family, a father and daughter, and were living in France.
Kenyataan itu menambah bahawa kedua-dua kes baru adalah dari keluarga yang sama, bapa dan anak perempuan, dan tinggal di Perancis, sambil menambah bahawa ada penyiasatan untuk menentukan identiti orang-orang yang bersentuhan dengan mereka.
Singapore-based public transport operators had arranged temporary accommodation at several hotels to accommodate the affected Malaysian Bus Captains.
Pihak pengangkutan awam yang berpusat di Singapura telah mengatur penginapan sementara di beberapa hotel untuk menampung Kapten Bas Malaysia yang terjejas.
This threshold can be calculated by taking R0, the basic reproduction number, or the average number of new infections caused by each case in an entirely susceptible population that is homogeneous, or well-mixed, meaning each individual can come into contact with every other susceptible individual in the population, and multiplying it by S, the proportion of the population who are susceptible to infection:
Ambang ini boleh dikira dengan mengambil R0, nombor pembiakan asas, atau bilangan purata jangkitan baru yang disebabkan oleh setiap kes dalam populasi yang mudah terdedah yang homogen, atau bercampur, bermakna setiap individu boleh bersentuhan dengan setiap individu yang mudah terdedah yang lain dalam sesuatu populasi, dan mengalikannya dengan S, perkadaran penduduk yang terdedah kepada jangkitan:
Center for Korean Network of Organ Sharing
Pusat Rangkaian Perkongsian Organ Korea
While in Washington ahead of Saint Patrick's Day, Varadkar announced measures intended to stop COVID-19 spreading, including the closure of all schools, universities and childcare facilities from the following day, as well as the closure of all cultural institutions and the cancellation of "all indoor mass gatherings of more than 100 people and outdoor mass gatherings of more than 500 people".
Varadkar semasa di Washington menjelang Hari Santo Patrick, mengumumkan seberapa langkah yang bertujuan menghentikan penyebaran virus ini termasuk penutupan semua tempat pendidikan dan kemudahan penjagaan kanak-kanak dari hari berikutnya, serta penutupan semua institusi kebudayaan dan pembatalan "semua perhimpunan massa dalaman lebih daripada 100 orang dan perhimpunan massa luar lebih daripada 500 orang".
In the following days, he used a vlog to report on the pandemic in Wuhan.
Pada hari-hari berikutnya, beliau cuba menggunakan vlog untuk menunjukkan keadaan sebenar di Wuhan.
In general, there have been reports of widespread anti-Japanese discrimination and harassment in the country, with hotels, stores, restaurants, taxi services and more refusing Japanese customers, and many Japanese people were no longer allowed in meetings and conferences.
Pada umumnya, terdapat laporan diskriminasi dan gangguan anti-Jepun yang meluas di negara ini, dengan hotel, kedai, restoran, perkhidmatan teksi dan lebih banyak menolak pelanggan Jepun, dan ramai orang Jepun tidak lagi dibenarkan dalam mesyuarat dan persidangan.
In health care facilities, isolation represents one of several measures that can be taken to implement infection control: the prevention of contagious diseases from being spread from a patient to other patients, health care workers, and visitors, or from outsiders to a particular patient (reverse isolation).
Dalam kemudahan penjagaan kesihatan, pengasingan merupakan satu daripada beberapa langkah yang boleh diambil untuk melaksanakan kawalan jangkitan: pencegahan penyakit berjangkit daripada merebak dari seorang pesakit ke pesakit yang lain, pekerja penjagaan kesihatan, dan pelawat, atau dari orang luar ke pesakit tertentu (pengasingan songsang).
Immunization is done through various techniques, most commonly vaccination.
Pelalian dilaksanakan melalui pelbagai cara, salah satu cara yang paling utama iaitu vaksinasi.
As of 29 April 2020, in Bosnia and Herzegovina there were 1690 confirmed coronavirus cases, of which 767 were in Republika Srpska, 903 in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and 20 in Brčko District.
Sehingga 6 April 2020, di Bosnia dan Herzegovina terdapat 686 kes COVID-19 yang disahkan, di mana 304 daripadanya adalah di Republika Srpska, 368 di Persekutuan Bosnia dan Herzegovina, dan 14 di Daerah Brčko.
It was estimated by Egypt Watch that Egypt had 20 lab-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, which was reported by Middle East Monitor on 2 March.
Egypt Watch, seperti yang dilaporkan pada 2 Mac oleh Middle East Monitor, menganggarkan bahawa Mesir mempunyai 20 kes yang disahkan oleh makmal akan SARS-CoV-2.
Up until 25 February 2020, 12 people were under surveillance as suspected cases.
Sehingga 25 Februari 2020, 12 orang telah di bawah pengawasan sebagai kes yang disyaki.
He has made contributions to the study of inter-species pathogen transmission.
Beliau telah membuat sumbangan kepada kajian mengenai penghantaran patogen antara spesies.
As an organisation, Tabligh Jamaat does not seek donations and is not funded by anyone, in fact members have to bear their own expenditures.
Jemaah Tabligh dikatakan tidak menerima sumbangan dan dana dari mana-mana pihak pun untuk menjalankan aktivitinya.
Malaysians returning from abroad are required to undergo health check and self-quarantine for 14 days.
sekatan menyeluruh semua perjalanan rakyat Malaysia ke luar negara, dengan mereka yang baru pulang dikehendaki menjalani pemeriksaan kesihatan dan melakukan kuarantin secara sukarela selama 14 hari;
One more death in Washington State plus two in Florida brought the total number of U.S. deaths to 17. WHO has different data: 19 new cases, 148 in total.
Satu lagi kematian di Washington State ditambah dua di Florida menjadikan jumlah kematian AS kepada 17.   WHO mempunyai data yang berbeza: 19 kes baru, 148 secara keseluruhan.
He developed symptoms and turned himself to the state hospital where he was confirmed to have the new virus.
Dia mengalami gejala dan membawa dirinya ke hospital negeri di mana dia disahkan mempunyai virus baru.
Spain's cases rose to 4,231.
Kes Sepanyol meningkat kepada 4,231.
In the Basque Country another four cases were reported, from other parts of Spain.
Di Negara Basque, satu lagi kes dilaporkan.
In the United States, the first three cases were confirmed in the state of Maryland.
Di Amerika Syarikat, tiga kes pertama telah disahkan di negeri Maryland.
A sugary drink tax or soda tax is a tax or surcharge designed to reduce consumption of drinks with added sugar.
Cukai soda atau cukai minuman bergula adalah cukai atau surcaj yang direka bertujuan mengurangkan pengambilan minuman yang mengandungi gula tambahan.
To combat COVID-19, a multi-ministerial committee was formed on 22 January with Minister for National Development Lawrence Wong and Minister for Health Gan Kim Yong as the co-chairs and Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Finance Heng Swee Keat as advisors.
Bagi menangani COVID-19, sebuah pasukan bertindak berbilang kementerian telah ditubuhkan pada 22 Januari 2020, dipimpin oleh Menteri Kesihatan Gan Kim Yong dan Menteri Pembangunan Negara Lawrence Wong sebagai pengerusi-pengerusi bersama, dan melibatkan kementerian-kementerian tertentu seperti Kementerian Pendidikan, Kementerian Pengangkutan, Kementerian Tenaga Manusia dan Kementerian Kewangan.
A 22nd case subsequently reported within the same day involving an elderly woman from the United States who was among hundreds of passengers who disembarked from the MS Westerdam cruise ship in Cambodia and flew to Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia.
Kes ke-22 kemudian dilaporkan pada hari yang sama melibatkan seorang wanita tua dari Amerika Syarikat yang merupakan antara ratusan penumpang yang keluar dari kapal pesiaran MS Westerdam di Kemboja dan terbang ke Kuala Lumpur dari Malaysia.
Air and sea connections to The Balearic Islands cease due to flight companies stopping all flights.
Perhubungan udara dan laut ke Kepulauan Balearic terhenti akibat syarikat penerbangan menghentikan semua penerbangan.
The new case also arriving from Netherlands.
Kes baru juga tiba dari Belanda.
Indonesia confirmed two additional cases, taking them to 6 cases.
Indonesia mengesahkan dua kes tambahan, membawa mereka ke 6 kes.
Personal hygiene refers to maintaining the body's cleanliness.
Kebersihan peribadi merujuk mengekalkan kebersihan badan.
But because of the increasing severity of the pandemic a separate site was created dedicated to coronavirus information under the Portuguese Ministry of Health.
Tetapi kerana semakin parahnya pandemik ini, DGS membuat sebuah laman web yang terpisah khusus untuk maklumat tentang COVID-19 di bawah Kementerian Kesihatan Portugis.
The facility will be staffed by 200 medical professionals, and will add 44 beds and six resuscitation bays to Canberra's medical system, making it a major part of the ACT Government's efforts to triple intensive care capacity from 50 to 170 beds.
Kemudahan ini akan dikendalikan oleh 200 ahli pakar perubatan, dan akan menambah 44 lagi katil dan 6 tempat resusitasi pada sistem perubatan di Canberra, menjadikannya sebahagian besar usaha Kerajaan ACT untuk meningkatkan kapasiti perawatan intensif dari 50 hingga 170 katil Selain itu, infrastruktur seperti bekalan elektrik, air, pembetungan, dan jalan pejalan kaki tertutup yang menghubungkannya dengan Hospital Canberra akan dibina untuk kemudahan tersebut.
all residents and visitors within the area are forbidden from exiting their homes during the order;
Semua penduduk dan pelawat di dalam kawasan dilarang keluar dari rumah mereka semasa perintah itu;
Selangor Mansion and Malayan Mansion, apartment buildings located at Jalan Masjid India, Kuala Lumpur, were subjected to EMCOs on 7 April, as 15 positive cases were detected within the two buildings, while Jalan Masjid India and its surrounding areas were subjected to EMCOs on 14 April.
Perumahan flat Selangor Mansion dan Malayan Mansion, terletak di Jalan Masjid India, Kuala Lumpur, tertakluk kepada PKPD pada 7 April, kerana 15 kes positif dikesan di dalam kedua-dua bangunan itu.
Passive and active immunization
Pelalian aktif dan pasif
Fratamico PM, Bhunia AK, Smith JL (eds.).
Fratamico, Pina M.; Bhunia, Arun K.; Smith, James L. (para penyunting).
Chen began reporting on the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, travelling to Hankou, Wuhan, on 23 or 24 January 2020, where he interviewed the locals and visited various hospitals including Huoshenshan Hospital, which was still under construction at the time.
Selepas terdengar mengenai wabak koronavirus, beliau berkunjung Hankou, Wuhan, pada 24 Januari 2020, di mana beliau menemu ramah penduduk tempatan dan melawat pelbagai hospital termasuk Hospital Huoshenshan, yang masih dalam pembinaan pada masa itu.
He stayed at Shangri-La's Rasa Sentosa Resort and Spa.
Sebelum dimasukkan ke Hospital Besar Singapura, beliau tinggal di Hotel Shangri-La's Rasa Sentosa Resort & Spa di Sentosa.
Huoshenshan Hospital is built nearby Zhiyin Lake.
Hospital Huoshenshan dibina berdekatan Tasik Zhiyin.
Because these symptoms are not specific to swine flu, a differential diagnosis of probable swine flu requires not only symptoms, but also a high likelihood of swine flu due to the person's recent and past medical history.
Dalam mendiagnosis simptom wabak ini tidak hanya perlu melihat kepada tanda atau simptom yang khusus bagi selesema babi tetapi juga sejarah terkini individu.
She obtained her medical degree at the University of Nottingham, residency at the University of Alberta, and fellowship at University of British Columbia.
Beliau memperoleh ijazah perubatannya di Universiti Nottingham, tempat tinggal di Universiti Alberta, dan Felo di Universiti British Columbia.
Experts criticised that not enough tests were conducted in the country that has a population of over 160 million.
Para pakar mengkritik bahawa tidak cukup ujian yang dilakukan di negara ini yang memiliki penduduki lebih dari 160 juta.
Theresa Tam (Chinese: 譚咏詩; born 1965) is a Canadian physician and public servant.
Theresa Tam (Bahasa Cina ringkas: 谭咏诗; Cina tradisional: 譚咏詩; pinyin: Tán Yǒngshī; Yale Kantonis: Tàahm Wihngsī; lahir 1965) adalah seorang doktor dan pekerja kerajaan dari Kanada.
Rodong Sinmun, the Workers' Party of Korea newspaper, reported that the customs officials at Nampho port were performing disinfection activities, including placing imported goods in quarantine.
Rodong Sinmun, jurucakap Parti Pekerja Korea, melaporkan bahawa pegawai kastam di pelabuhan Nampho melakukan aktiviti pembasmian kuman, termasuk meletakkan barangan yang diimport di dalam kuarantin.
Within the same day, The Korea Times reported that a North Korean female living in the capital Pyongyang was infected.
Pada hari yang sama, The Korea Times melaporkan bahawa wanita Korea Utara yang tinggal di ibu kota Pyongyang telah dijangkiti.
National Security Council's Power
Majlis Keselamatan Negara.
In addition, the country detected 4 new cases in Beijing, all visiting Italian nationals.
Di samping itu, negara mengesan 4 kes baru di Beijing, kesemua warga Itali yang melawat.
There were three new clusters: S11 Dormitory  @  Punggol (4 cases), the Wilby Residences (7 cases) and Hero's (5 cases).
Pada 30 Mac, tiga lagi kelompok baru dilaporkan: asrama pekerja S11 Dormitory  @  Punggol (4 kes), apartmen The Wilby Residences (7), dan bar Hero's (5).
Malaysia blockade isolation measures
Langkah sekatan di Malaysia
President Jair Bolsonaro tested negative for COVID-19.
Presiden Jair Bolsonaro diuji negatif untuk COVID-19.
There are 57 hospitals that provide screening services for coronavirus, while among them, 26 government hospitals are responsible for the confirmation of coronavirus and the suspected patients.
Setakat kini, tedapat 57 buah hospital yang memberikan perkhidmatan saringan, dengan 26 buah hospital kerajaan bertanggungjawab terhadap pengesahan jangkitan dan pesakit.
Several travellers who had visited or transited through Bali later tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 shortly after their return to China, Japan, New Zealand, and Singapore.
Beberapa pelancong yang baru-baru ini melawat atau pernah berkunjung ke Bali yang kemudian diuji positif untuk COVID-19 di Jepun, New Zealand, dan Singapura.
After the release of new influenza viruses, the host cell dies.
Setelah lepasnya virus influenza baharu, sel hos akan mati.
The country confirmed 835 more cases with 11 more deaths, bringing the total number to 2,336 and 77, respectively.
Negara itu mengesahkan 835 lagi kes dengan 11 lagi kematian, menjadikan jumlahnya masing-masing menjadi 2,336 dan 77.
By April, the number of confirmed cases had exceeded the hundred mark in Baghdad, Basra, Sulaymaniyah, Erbil and Najaf.
Pada April, jumlah kes yang disahkan telah meningkat di Baghdad, Basra, Sulaymaniyah, Erbil dan Najaf.
As of 29 March, there are 17 positive cases of COVID-19.
Sehingga 29 Mac, terdapat 17 kes positif COVID-19.
The countries and international organizations that have sent aid and funds to Bosnia and Herzegovina, to help fight the pandemic:
Negara-negara dan pertubuhan antarabangsa yang telah mengirimkan bantuan dan dana ke Bosnia dan Herzegovina, untuk membantu memerangi pandemik tersebut:
In the Valencian Community, a man from Villarreal, who recently travelled to Milan, tested positive and was admitted to Hospital Universitario De La Plana, Castellón.
Di Komuniti Valencia, seorang lelaki dari Villarreal, yang baru ini melancong ke Milan, diuji positif dan dimasukkan ke Hospital Universitario De La Plana, Castellón .
When Re is reduced to and sustained below 1, the number of cases occurring in the population gradually decreases until the disease has been eliminated.
Apabila Re dikurangkan dan bertahan di bawah 1, bilangan kes yang berlaku di dalam populasi secara beransur-ansur berkurang sehingga penyakit itu dihapuskan.
Prior to the establishment of a quarantine facility at Moulmein Road, there existed a quarantine camp at Balestier in 1907.
Sebelum penubuhan sebuah kemudahan kuarantin di Moulmein Road, terdapat kem kuarantin di Balestier pada tahun 1907.
A 14-day leave of absence (LOA) was imposed on students and teachers as well as workers who work with vulnerable populations, such as pre-schoolers, the elderly and the sick, returning from mainland China.
14 hari cuti akan dikenakan kepada pelajar dan guru, bersama dengan pekerja yang bekerja dengan penduduk yang terdedah, seperti pra-sekolah, warga emas dan penjagaan kesihatan yang baru pulang dari tanah besar China.
On 1 March, Qatar banned all arrivals from Egypt, excepting Qatari nationals, as a safety measure to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
Pada 1 Mac, Qatar mengharamkan semua ketibaan dari Mesir, kecuali warga negara Qatar, sebagai langkah keselamatan untuk mencegah penyebaran koronavirus.
The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic was confirmed to have reached the French overseas collectivity of French Polynesia in March 2020.
Pandemik koronavirus 2019–20 disahkan sampai ke kolektiviti seberang laut Perancis di Polinesia Perancis pada bulan Mac 2020.
The country recorded its first death on 30 March 2020.
Negara ini mencatatkan kematian pertama pada 30 Mac 2020.
In May 2011, Varadkar suggested Ireland was "very unlikely" to resume borrowing in 2012 and might need a second bailout, causing jitters on international markets about Ireland's credibility.
Pada bulan Mei 2011, Varadkar mencadangkan Ireland "sangat tidak mungkin" meneruskan pinjaman pada tahun 2012 malah mempertimbangkan bantuan dana kedua lalu merisaukan pasaran antarabangsa mengenai kemampuan ekonomi Ireland.
Leper colonies and lazarettos were established as a means of preventing the spread of leprosy and other contagious diseases through social distancing, until transmission was understood and effective treatments invented.
Dalam sejarah, perkampungan pesakit kusta dan lazaretto didirikan sebagai cara mencegah penyebaran penyakit kusta dan penyakit berjangkit yang lain melalui penjarakan sosial, sehingga penularan difahami dan rawatan berkesan dicipta.