natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In the EU member countries, employment policy is determined and carried out in line with the European Employment Strategy and the annual regulations. 
U zemljama članicama EU politika zapošljavanja određuje se i provodi u skladu s Europskom strategijom zapošljavanja i godišnjim pravilnicima.
The national Programme for employment stimulation should be supplemented in line with the market development policy, thus being brought into line with the national employment plans of the member states. 
Nacionalni Program poticanja zapošljavanja treba dopuniti u skladu s politikom razvoja tržišta, tako da se uskladi s nacionalnim planovima zapošljavanja članica EU.
The Croatian Programme should include all the indicators that the EU member states have accepted in the monitoring of the implementation and effectiveness of policy measures related to four groups of issues. 
Hrvatski bi Program trebao obuhvatiti pokazatelje što su ih prihvatile članice EU u praćenju provođenja i učinkovitosti mjera politike u vezi s četiri skupine pitanja.
It is important constantly to evaluate the effects and influences of the different measures on the labour market. 
Važno je stalno ocjenjivati utjecaje i učinke različitih mjera na tržištu rada.
This implies determining improvements in the possibilities of employing people who have come out of educational programmes. 
To podrazumijeva utvrđivanje poboljšanja u mogućnostima zapošljavanja polaznika obrazovnih programa.
It is also necessary to consider the costs of obtaining these results, or the cost effectiveness of given programmes. 
Ujedno je potrebno razmotriti troškove ostvarivanja tih rezultata, odnosno troškovnu učinkovitost pojedinih programa.
In the material law protection of the unemployed, it is necessary to study the justification of extending and/or increasing the amount of the benefits for unemployed people who accept retraining and professional qualification and the possibility of making one-off monetary grants for the sake of encouraging self-employment and so on. 
U materijalnopravnoj zaštiti nezaposlenih potrebno je proučiti opravdanost produljivanja i/ili povećanja iznosa novčane naknade za nezaposlene koji prihvaćaju prekvalifikaciju i stručno osposobljavanje te mogućnosti isplate jednokratne novčane naknade radi poticanja (samo)zapošljavanja i dr.
Also needful is the passing of a law concerning the professional rehabilitation and employment of persons with a disability to prescribe the rights of such persons to professional rehabilitation, employment, setting up activities, to regulate the measures for the encouragement of hiring and work, and to determine the foundation of establishments for professional rehabilitation, secure workshops and work centres. 
Potrebno je donijeti zakon o profesionalnoj rehabilitaciji i zapošljavanju osoba s invaliditetom kojim će se propisati prava tih osoba na profesionalnu rehabilitaciju, zapošljavanje i osnivanje djelatnosti, regulirati mjere za poticanje zapošljavanja i rada, te utvrditi osnivanje ustanova za profesionalnu rehabilitaciju, zaštitnih radionica i radnih centara.
CONCLUDING CONSIDERATIONS 
ZAKLJUČNA RAZMATRANJA
This is the harder and more demanding in that the policy of employment and the battle against poverty and social exclusion do not as yet have in EU practice any clear conceptual definition, which is a barrier to giving shape to the immediate strategy. 
To je utoliko teže i zahtjevnije što politika zapošljavanja te borba protiv siromaštva i socijalne isključenosti u praksi EU još uvijek nemaju jasnu definiciju samog koncepta, pa je to i prepreka oblikovanju neposredne strategije.
The existing high unemployment will probably not be a major barrier to possible Croatian entry into the EU, rather, according to the experience of several countries (Eire and Portugal for example), integration into the EU, because of accelerated economic growth and development and the increased entry of foreign investors can be a very successful way of solving it. 
Postojeća visoka nezaposlenost vjerojatno neće biti veća zapreka mogućem ulasku Hrvatske u EU, ali na temelju iskustava više zemalja (prije svega Republike Irske i Portugala) integracija u EU zbog ubrzanoga gospodarskog razvoja i rasta te pojačanog dolaska stranih ulagača može biti uspješan način njezina rješavanja.
In employment policy, we could say that Croatia is on the whole moving in the direction of the policies that are being carried out in Europe. 
U politici zapošljavanja mogli bismo reći da Hrvatska uglavnom ide u smjeru politika što se provode u Europi.
These policies are marked by a narrowing of rights through the implementation of more stringent conditions, and a stronger emphasis on active measures in the employment policy, with unemployment benefits being more linked to participation in training and re-qualification programmes. 
Te politike obilježava sužavanje prava primjenom strožih uvjeta, te jači naglasak na aktivne mjere u politici zapošljavanja u kojoj se naknade za vrijeme nezaposlenosti više vežu za sudjelovanje u programima osposobljavanja i prekvalifikacije.
What remains is the rather fraught task of encouraging a more flexible labour legislation and the removal of organisational and administrative barriers to the foundation of new small and medium-sized enterprises, which should be of the most help in the mitigation of unemployment in Croatia. 
Ostaje još nimalo lagana zadaća poticanja fleksibilnijega radnog zakonodavstva te uklanjanje organizacijskih i administrativnih zapreka osnivanju novih malih i srednjih tvrtki koje bi trebale najviše pomoći ublažavanju nezaposlenosti u Hrvatskoj.
Within the context of Croatian association with and ultimate membership of the EU, constant attention is required to consideration of the labour market and labour legislation. 
Razmatranje tržišta rada i radnog zakonodavstva zahtijeva trajnu pozornost u sklopu približavanja i konačnog uključivanja RH u EU.
i The working age population (older than 15) can be divided into active an inactive. 
i Stanovništvo radne dobi (starije od 15 godina) dijeli se na aktivno i neaktivno.
Active members of the population are those who are employed or who are seeking employment, or who have stopped working to serve in the armed forces or to serve a term of imprisonment. 
Aktivni su stanovnici svi zaposleni i oni nezaposleni koji aktivno traže posao Hi su prekinuli rad radi ispunjavanja vojne obveze ili izdržavanja zatvorske kazne.
Inactive members of the population are those who are not employed and are not seeking work. 
Neaktivni su nezaposleni koji ne traže posao.
ii Of these there are ten primary indicators, such as low income and long-term unemployment, and eight secondary indicators, which are used in the more detailed measurement and comparison of the member countries. 
ii Od toga su deset primarni pokazatelji - poput niskog dohotka ili dugotrajne nezaposlenosti, a osam sekundarni pokazatelji koji se upotrebljavaju u podrobnijemu mjerenju i uspoređivanju zemalja članica.
The indicators cover four areas of social exclusion: financial poverty, employment, health and education. 
Pokazatelji obuhvaćaju četiri područja socijalne isključenosti: financijsko siromaštvo, zapošljavanje, zdravlje i obrazovanje.
iii According to data of the Croatian Employment Service, in requirements registered for employees in 1996, about 6% related to college level and 13% to degree level qualifications (CES, 2002:155), while at the same time the percentage of them in total unemployment was markedly lower. 
iii Prema podacima Zavoda za zapošljavanje, u prijavljenim potrebama za radnicima 1996. godine oko 6% se odnosilo se na višu, a 13% na visoku stručnu spremu (DZS, 2002: 155), dok je istodobno njihov udio u ukupnoj nezaposlenosti znatno niži.
iv This might include jobs that were reoffered, if they were not filled within six months. 
iv U navedeni broj mogu biti uvrštene i ponovljene prijavljene potrebe za radnicima koje poslodavac može ponoviti ako se ne podmire u roku od šest mjeseci.
v Of the total number of registered unemployed, 136,000 of them (or 39%) do not meet ILO unemployment criteria because they are not available to work either for reasons of being inactive (59%) or not looking for jobs, because they did not wish to accept jobs offered or because they were working (41%), because in the LFS they announced they were working. 
v Od ukupnoga broja registriranih nezaposlenih osoba njih 136 000 (ili 39%) ne zadovoljava kriterije nezaposlenosti MOR-a jer nisu raspoloživi za rad bilo zato što su neaktivni (59%) i nisu tražili posao, zato što ne žele prihvatiti ponuđeni posao su zaposleni (41%) jer su u anketi izjavili da rade.
It should also be said that among the unemployed found by the survey, 57,000 or 21% were not registered with the CES. 
Također treba napomenuti da među nezaposlenim osobama prema ARS osobama 57 000 ili 21% nisu bile prijavljene HZZ-u.
vi Joint financing leads to the hiring of older persons and endeavours to encourage employers to make use of the work experience they have acquired. 
v Sufinanciranjem se stimulira zapošljavanje starijih osoba i nastoji potaknuti poslodavce da iskoriste njihovo stečeno radno iskustvo.
The measures have been little employed in practice however and do not work from the point of view of raising the self-confidence and security of unemployed older persons; it does not give employers enough incentives to take on the older section of the working population (Office for Social Partnership in the Republic of Croatia, 2002a). 
Mjera ipak ima malu praktičnu primjenu te ne djeluje u smislu podizanja samopouzdanja i sigurnosti nezaposlenih starijih osoba, a nedovoljno motivira poslodavce na radno angažiranje starije radne populacije (Ured za socijalno partnerstvo u RH, 2002a).
vii This effect can be positive for working people because it reduces the uncertainty of being employed. 
vii Taj utjecaj može biti pozitivan za radnika jer smanjuje neizvjesnost zaposlenja.
In addition, because of the greater links between employer and employee, employers are more apt to invest in human resources, which is also positive from a social point of view. 
Također, zbog veće povezanosti poslodavca i zaposlenika poslodavci će biti skloniji ulagati u ljudski kapital, što je pozitivno i s društvenog stajališta.
This could be corrected by shifting the burden of compensating for wages to the Health Insurance Institute earlier on. 
To bi se moglo ispraviti ranijim prebacivanjem tereta naknade plaće na HZZO.
Chapter 10 
Poglavlje 10.
Croatian membership in the EU is subject to the fulfilment of the legal and political obligations laid down in, among other places, the SAA, the Stability and Association Agreement. 
Članstvo Hrvatske u EU uvjetovano je pravnim i političkim obvezama definiranim, između ostaloga, Sporazumom o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju (SSP).
The implementation of the SAA depends on the definition of its position in the constitutional system of the Republic of Croatia, including the ability for its provisions to be directly applied in EU and in Croatian courts, the legal status of the bodies provided for in the SAA, and the legal position and legal standing of the decisions taken by these bodies. 
Primjena SSP-a ovisi o definiranju njegova položaja u ustavnopravnom poretku EU, uključujući i mogućnost izravne primjene njegovih odredaba pred sudovima u EU i u Hrvatskoj, o pravnom statusu tijela predviđenih SSP-om, te o pravnom položaju i pravnoj snazi odluka koje ta tijela donose.
The implementation of constitutional changes is necessary for full membership of the EU, and some changes are also necessary even for implementation of the SAA. 
Provođenje ustavnih promjena nužno je za punopravno članstvo u EU, a neke su promjene nužne i za provedbu SSP-a.
These are provisions that provide the legal basis for membership in the EU, including the definition of the manner of making use of state sovereignty, provisions that define in detail the legal status of international law and European primary and secondary law in the internal legal system of the EU, and provisions that adapt the constitutional organisation of the Republic of Croatia to the conditions of associate or full membership of the EU, optimise the functions of the institutions of state authority that will have to work in new conditions. 
To su odredbe kojima se osigurava pravna osnova za članstvo u EU, uključujući i uređenje načina korištenja državnom suverenošću, odredbe kojima se pobliže uređuje pravni status međunarodnog prava i europskoga primarnog i sekundarnog prava u unutarnjem pravnom poretku EU, te odredbe kojima se ustavno ustrojstvo EU prilagođava uvjetima pridruženoga, odnosno punopravnog članstva u EU, optimiziraju funkcije institucija državne vlasti koje će morati djelovati u novim uvjetima.
In an evaluation of the fulfilment of the conditions for membership in the EU, the criterion for evaluation of the extent to which the legal system is adjusted will not be only the contents of the legal standards, but also the political, economic and social matters that are governed by these legal standards. 
Pri ocjeni ispunjavanja kriterija za članstvo u EU mjerilo prilagođenosti pravnog sustava neće biti isključivo sadržaj pravnih normi, već i politički, gospodarski i socijalni sadržaj koji se pravnim normama uređuje.
international law, constitutional law, direct effect, sovereignty, legal interpretation, legal monism, legal dualism, division of power, courts, legal culture 
međunarodno pravo, ustavno pravo, izravni učinak, suverenost, pravna interpretacija, pravni monizam, pravni dualizam, dioba vlasti, sudovi, pravna kultura
INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGICAL REMARKS 
UVOD I METODOLOŠKE NAPOMENE
It is an almost impossible task to make a diagnosis of the legal system of some country and compare it with the legal system of the EU. 
Uspostaviti “dijagnozu” pravnog sustava neke države i usporediti ga s pravnim sustavom EU gotovo je nemoguć zadatak.
Looked at from a methodological point of view, such an effort is pointless, and could possibly be useful only as an exercise in comparative law. 
Metodološki gledano, takav se napor čini bespredmetnim te bi mogao poslužiti isključivo kao vježba pravne komparatistike.
At the level of standards, the demands that the legal system of every potential member state must meet are quite clear. 
Na normativnoj razini, zahtjevi koje mora ispuniti pravni sustav svake potencijalne države članice potpuno su jasni.
Applicant countries must unconditionally take on board the acquis communautaire, the legal patrimony, that is, the totality of all the legal standards of the legal system of the EU. 
Države kandidatkinje za članstvo u EU moraju bezuvjetno recipirati acquis communautaire - pravnu stečevinu, odnosno, ukupnost pravnih normi pravnog poretka EU.
And how much the legal rules, both national and supranational, correspond to the social relationships that the applicant state would have to put in order is a completely different question. 
Koliko, pak, pravna pravila, nacionalna i nadnacionalna, korespondiraju sa socijalnim odnosima što bi ih država kandidatkinja trebala urediti, posve je drugo pitanje.
A large number of the conditions that applicant states have to fulfil on the road to full integration into the EU are not to do with legal standards, but rather relate to economics and politics. 
Velik broj uvjeta koje države kandidatkinje moraju ispuniti na putu prema punoj integraciji s EU nije normativne, već političke i gospodarske naravi.
Law, then, as discipline, is an instrument for accomplishing them. 
Pri tome je pravo kao disciplina instrument njihova ostvarivanja.
For example, it is possible for the UK to fulfil the criteria for membership in spite of the fact that its legal system traditionally has no codex of fundamental rights and liberties, while some applicant country will still not meet these criteria, in spite of having comprehensive legislative regulation of this matter. 
Primjerice, moguće je da Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo ispunjava kriterije članstva u Uniji usprkos činjenici da njegov pravni sustav tradicionalno nema kodeks temeljnih sloboda i prava, dok neke države kandidatkinje te kriterije ne ispunjavaju usprkos detaljnoj normativnoj regulaciji spomenutoga gradiva.
From this example it should be clear that through no analysis of legal standards will we be able to determine the level of preparedness of a given country for EU membership, rather it is necessary to judge the extent to which criteria for membership are fulfilled in a material sense, a precondition for which is the distinction of the letter of the law and reality. 
Iz navedenog bi primjera trebalo biti jasno da analizom pravnih normi ne možemo odrediti razinu pripremljenosti određene države za članstvo u EU već je ispunjenje kriterija za članstvo potrebno prosuđivati u materijalnom smislu, čemu je pretpostavka razlikovanje normativnosti i realiteta.
Here it is necessary to make an important demarcation. 
Pri tome je potrebno učiniti važno razgraničenje.
Some of the fundamental requirements for the rule of law such as the principle of the division of powers, the democratic system, multi-party politics and the independence of the judiciary constitute the institutional context for a legal analysis and the regulation of the standards, and they have to be taken into consideration, staying all the way within legal methods. 
Neki od temeljnih zahtjeva vladavine prava kao što su načelo diobe vlasti, demokratski poredak, višestranačje i neovisnost sudstva čine institucionalni kontekst pravne analize i normativne regulacije, te ih valja uzimati u obzir, ostajući pri tome unutar pravne metode.
As, commenting on the distinction between the provisions of the law and the political, Harvard professor David Kennedy observed, American legal theory does not start with the founding fathers of the American Constitution, Madison, Hamilton and Jay, but with Oliver Wendell Holmes, who did not deal with the architecture of political but the analysis of legal institutes (Holmes: 1996-1997). 
Kako je komentirajući razgraničenje normativnoga i političkoga konstatirao harvardski profesor David Kennedy, američka pravna teorija ne počinje s očevima utemeljiteljima američkog Ustava Madisonom, Hamiltonom i Jayom, već s Oliverom Wendellom Holmesom koji se nije bavio arhitekturom političkih već analizom pravnih institucija (Holmes: 1996-1997).
Similarly, it could be said that the legal theory of the European Community did not start with the ideological founders of the EU such as Ernst B. Haas or Jean Monnet, but probably with Joseph Weiler, who was among the first to bring out the double aspect of supranationalist thinking, the purely legal and the political (Weiler, 1982). 
Slično tome, moglo bi se reći da teorija prava Europske zajednice ne započinje s ideološkim utemeljiteljima EU kao što su Ernst B. Haas ili Jean Monnet, već vjerojatno s Josephom Weilerom koji je među prvima osvijestio dvostruki, normativni i politički aspekt supranacionalizma (Weiler: 1982).
The conceptual distinction of the regulatory and political aspects is relevant for the current analysis, the subject of which should be defined not only as an estimate of the harmonisation of the political institutions and/or legal standards of Croatian with the those of European law, but also as an analysis of the working of the legal standards in the political, social and economic context of rapprochement with the EU. 
Konceptualno razdvajanje normativnoga i političkoga metodološki je relevantno i za sadašnju analizu čiji je predmet potrebno odrediti ne isključivo kao ocjenu usklađenosti političkih institucija i/ili pravnih normi hrvatskoga s pravnim normama europskoga prava, već kao analizu funkcije pravnih normi u političkome, socijalnome i gospodarskom kontekstu približavanja EU.
Here it is of minor importance whether some Croatian legal institute governs a given relationship in law in the same way as or in a different way from that in the EU; the primary question is whether the given legal handling of a matter leads to real fulfilment of the criteria for membership. 
Pri tome je sporedno uređuje li neki hrvatski pravni institut određeni pravni odnos na isti ili različit način od onoga u EU, a kao primarno pitanje postavlja se pitanje vodi li određeno normativno uređenje stvarnom ispunjenju kriterija za članstvo.
This does not mean that I think a comparison of the legal solutions and the fulfilment of the formal criteria are not relevant for a judgement of the adjustment of a national legal system to the European system. 
Time ne želim reći da usporedba normativnih rješenja i ispunjenje formalnih kriterija nisu relevantni za prosudbu prilagodbe nacionalnoga pravnog sustava europskome.
Precisely the opposite, the formal criteria in the law are often topographical signs on the way towards full membership, and without their fulfilment the process of convergence cannot possibly be continued. 
Upravo suprotno, formalni su normativni kriteriji često topografske oznake na putu prema punopravnom članstvu bez čijeg ispunjenja proces približavanja nije moguće nastaviti.
However, their fulfilment is only a necessary, and never a sufficient condition, while for the success of the integration process it is necessary to create an appropriate political, economic and social reality. 
Međutim, njihovo je ispunjenje tek nužan, nikako i dovoljan uvjet, dok je za uspješnost integracijskog procesa potrebno stvoriti prikladan politički, gospodarski i socijalni realitet.
For this, putting the legal regulations into the political, economic and social context is one of the key tasks of Croatian legal theory and practice. 
Stoga je postavljanje normativne regulacije u politički, gospodarski i socijalni kontekst jedna od ključnih zadaća hrvatske pravne teorije i prakse.
In the light of these introductory remarks it is necessary then to restrict the goal of this work. 
U svjetlu uvodnih napomena potrebno je ograničiti cilj ovoga rada.
First of all there will be a review of the formal steps that have to be taken on the road towards full membership in the EU, then a determination of the current Croatian position, and a comparison of this position with that of the applicant states. 
Stoga će najprije biti prikazani formalni koraci koje je potrebno poduzeti na putu u punopravno članstvo u EU, odrediti točku na kojoj se Hrvatska nalazi te usporediti poziciju Hrvatske s pozicijom država kandidatkinja.
After that, I shall identify the contextual restrictions that could have some impact on the speed of rapprochement with the EU, and put forward recommendations for laws that have to be taken at the constitutional level and are necessary for a rapid adjustment of Croatia to standards for membership in the EU. 
Nakon toga identificirat ću kontekstualna ograničenja koja bi mogla utjecati na brzinu približavanja EU, te iznijeti preporuke mjera koje je na ustavnopravnoj razini potrebno provesti, a koje su nužne za bržu prilagodbu Hrvatske standardima članstva u EU.
THE ROAD TO WELLVILLE 
PUT U “WELLVILLE”
The process of converging on the EU could be illustrated by the title of T. C. Boyle's novel The Road to Wellville, which speaks of the therapeutic philosophy of the inventor of cornflakes Mr Kellogg, according to whom the route to health and happiness leads through a thorough purging of the organism. 
Proces približavanja EU mogao bi se ilustrirati naslovom romana T.C. Boylea Road to Wellville, koji govori o terapeutskoj filozofiji izumitelja kukuruznih pahuljica g. Kellogga prema kojoj put do zdravlja i zadovoljstva vodi kroz temeljito pročišćenje organizma.
It is through such a purge that the applicant states have to pass on the road to full membership. 
Naime, kroz slično pročiščenje prolaze države kandidatkinje na putu u punopravno članstvo.
In principle, every European country can become a member of the EU. 
Članicom Europske unije načelno može postati svaka europska država.
According to Article 6(1) of the EUT “The Union is based on the principles of liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental liberties, and the rule of law, which are principles common to all states members”. 
6(1) UEU-a, “Unija se temelji na načelima slobode, demokracije, poštovanja ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda, te vladavini prava, koja su načela zajednička svim državama članicama”.