natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
After 1996 and Croatia's first venture onto the international syndicated loans market, and the acquisition of a credit rating in the beginning of 1997, Croatian public debt bonds have appeared on the international market one after another. 
Nakon 1996. godine i prvog pojavljivanja Hrvatske na međunarodnom tržištu sindiciranih kredita te dobivanja investicijske kreditne ocjene početkom 1997. godine, redaju se izdanja obveznica hrvatskog javnog duga na međunarodnom financijskom tržištu.
The high share of domestic debt denominated in a foreign currency and the high share of external debt in the structure of total government debt are explained by both economic factors (the low level of domestic savings, the considerable share of obligations to public creditors, the undeveloped market and the lack of domestic, particularly long-term, instruments) and also the commitment of decision makers to keeping exchange rate and price stability. 
Visoki udio domaćeg duga denominiranog u stranoj valuti i visoki udio vanjskog duga u strukturi ukupnog duga države objašnjavaju kako gospodarski čimbenici (npr. niska razina domaće štednje; značajni udio obveza prema javnim kreditorima; nerazvijeno tržište i nedostatak domaćih, osobito dugoročnih instrumenata), tako i pokazivanje odlučnosti donosioca odluka u čuvanju stabilnosti tečaja ili cijena.
The arguments that the FM likes to give about borrowing abroad are their low interest and the good credit rating of the country. 
Rado isticani argumenti Ministarstva financija RH u prilog zaduživanja u inozemstvu jesu niža kamata i dobar kreditni rejting zemlje.
However, as compared with domestic financing costs, the lower costs abroad should not be looked at so exclusively and limitedly. 
Međutim, u usporedbi s domaćim troškovima financiranja, niži troškovi u inozemstvu ne trebaju se promatrati tako isključivo i ograničeno.
Apart from the nominal interest rate abroad certainly reflecting the suppositions of foreign investors that their claims will be privileged unconditionally over those of domestic creditors, the rise in the external debt leads to increased investor sensitivity to potential changes in the key macroeconomic indicators of the country. 
Osim što se u nominalnoj kamatnoj stopi u inozemstvu zasigurno ogleda i pretpostavka inozemnih ulagača o bezuvjetnoj prednosti njihovih potraživanja nad domaćim potraživanjima, s porastom vanjskog duga raste osjetljivost investitora na potencijalne promjene ključnih makroekonomskih pokazatelja zemlje.
It also holds that financial reforms in the country are not implementable if the very government is not prepared to pay the market interest on its debt. 
Isto tako vrijedi da financijske reforme u zemlji nisu provedive ako država sama nije voljna platiti tržišnu kamatu na svoj dug.
Here government has to count on a short term loss that derives from higher interest rates; this loss that appears in the first issues of long term instruments should be understood as the price of future long-term access to the market with more “reasonable” yields. 
Pri tome država mora računati s kratkoročnim gubitkom koji proizlazi iz viših kamatnih stopa; taj “gubitak” koji se javlja kod prvih izdanja dugoročnih instrumenata država treba shvatiti kao cijenu budućeg dugoročnog pristupa tržištu uz “prihvatljivije” prinose.
The creation of a well functioning and regulated market with many players is an evolutionary process that is late in occurring in Croatia, as compared with other countries in transition. 
Nastanak (dobro) funkcionirajućeg i reguliranog tržišta sa mnoštvom sudionika jest evolucijski proces koji u Hrvatskoj (u usporedbi s drugim zemljama u tranziciji) kasni.
The chain that is missing is precisely a public debt market, which provides the basis for the development of a market for corporate bonds and a swap market, offers an alternative to bank loans and deposits, makes possible a high quality collateralisation of loan business and greater central bank flexibility in running its monetary policy, and by getting the retail and corporate sectors acquainted with marketable debt instruments develops the financial culture of the country. 
Karika koja nam nedostaje jest upravo tržište javnog duga, koje predstavlja podlogu za razvoj tržišta korporativnih obveznica i swap tržišta, pruža alternativu bankarskom kreditu i depozitu, omogućuje kvalitetnije kolateraliziranje kreditnih poslova i veću fleksibilnost središnje banke u vođenju monetarne politike, te kroz upoznavanje stanovništva i gospodarskih subjekata s tržišno sposobnim dužničkim instrumentima razvija financijsku kulturu zemlje.
Precisely because this process has to be speeded up several times in order to get closer to countries with many years of market tradition, official assistance from and a more active role for the decision makers are required. 
Upravo stoga što taj proces mora biti višestruko ubrzan kako bi se približili zemljama s dugogodišnjom tržišnom tradicijom, nužni su službena potpora i aktivnija uloga donosioca odluka.
In its borrowing, the public sector has to be an example to other participants on the market, it has to set standards for the issue of securities and via its own debt management and programming has directly to ensure market liquidity. 
Javni sektor svojim zaduživanjem mora poslužiti kao uzor ostalim sudionicima na tržištu, postaviti norme za izdavanje vrijednosnih papira, a putem vlastitog upravljanja dugom i programiranjem može neizravno osiguravati likvidnost tržišta.
Apart from the marketability of the existing debt, a public debt management system and the broadening of the base of market participants, it is necessary to bring to life an appropriate system of cooperation between the FM and the CNB. 
Osim tržišne sposobnosti postojećeg duga, sustava upravljanja javnim dugom i širenja baze tržišnih sudionika potrebno je i oživljavanje odgovarajuće suradnje između Ministarstva financija i HNB.
From the point of view of market development this cooperation is particularly important since the CNB and FM are present in the same (money) market with different instruments (CNB bills and FM treasury bills). 
Sa stajališta razvoja tržišta ta je suradnja osobito važna, budući da su Ministarstvo financija i HNB prisutni na istom (novčanom) tržištu s različitim instrumentima (blagajnički zapisi i trezorski zapisi).
Coordination of objectives, of instruments of institutional and operational rules between pubic debt management and monetary management are not essential only for the sake of avoiding potential conflicts of jurisdiction. 
Koordiniranje ciljeva, instrumenata institucionalnih i operativnih pravila između upravljanja javnim dugom i monetarnog managementa nisu bitni samo zbog izbjegavanja potencijalnih sukoba nadležnosti.
Joint action in the achievement of common aims, exchange of information and technical collaboration can speed up the process of building up a market, stimulate its development, expand the manoeuvring space of both fiscal and monetary policy, stimulate long-term savings, and support macroeconomic stability. 
Zajedničkim djelovanjem na ostvarivanju zajedničkih ciljeva, razmjenom informacija i tehničkom suradnjom može se ubrzati proces izgradnje tržišta, poticati njegov razvoj, proširiti manevarski prostor kako fiskalne tako i monetarne politike, poticati dugoročnu štednju i podržavati makroekonomsku stabilnost.
The viability of current government borrowing policy over the longer term has become one of the central questions in research about the public debt of a given country. 
Održivost sadašnje politike zaduživanja države u dugom roku postalo je jedno od središnjih pitanja u istraživanju javnog duga neke zemlje.
The simulation of public debt trends and testing of the viability of Croatian borrowing policy leads to the following conclusions. 
Simulacija kretanja javnog duga i testiranje održivosti politike zaduživanja u Republici Hrvatskoj ukazuju na slijedeće:
From the simulation it can be seen that in the event of a growth of GDP of 1% and 2% p.a. in the observed period up to 2005 there will be a problem with the chronic and very likely unsustainable current deficit, while a border case is a scenario with a growth in real GDP of 3%. 
Iz simulacija je vidljivo da u slučaju rasta BDP-a od 1 posto i 2 posto godišnje u promatranom razdoblju do 2005. godine postoji problem s kroničnim i vjerojatno neodrživim tekućim deficitom, dok granični slučaj predstavlja scenarij s rastom realnog BDP-a od 3 posto.
If in the projection period real GDP were to rise at more than 3%, according to our simulations there would not be any very great problems in maintaining the current balance of the central government. 
Ako bi u projekcijskom razdoblju realni BDP rastao po stopama višim od 3 posto, prema našim simulacijama ne bi bilo većih problema u održanju tekuće ravnoteže središnje države.
According to our suppositions, what goes for the current deficit also goes for the total deficit of central and consolidated central government. 
Prema našim pretpostavkama ono što vrijedi za tekući deficit vrijedi i za ukupni deficit središnje i konsolidirane središnje države.
Of course, these results should be looked at with a certain reservation, because, among other things, of the neglected problems of the stationarity of the variables and the shortness of the series. 
Naravno, ove rezultate treba uzeti sa rezervom, između ostalog i zbog zanemarenih problema stacionarnosti varijabli i kratkoće serija.
The results of testing the stationarity of the fiscal variables show that the sustainability of fiscal policy in the RC in the last five and half years is not called into question. 
Rezultati testiranja stacionarnosti fiskalnih varijabli pokazuju da održivost fiskalne politike u Republici Hrvatskoj u proteklih pet i pol godina nije dovedena u pitanje.
With a 95% probability, with all of the variables tested the zero hypothesis that these variables have a unit root can be rejected. 
S vjerojatnošću od 95% kod svih se testiranih varijabli može odbaciti nulta hipoteza da te varijable imaju jedinični korijen.
Although the tests have shown the absence of unit root with the lagged variable, the negative sign of the trend coefficients in all models in which the trend variable is included warns of a growth (in absolute values) of the level of the deficit measures in time, and thus leads to doubt in the sustainability of fiscal policy. 
Iako su testovi pokazali nepostojanje jediničnih korijena uz varijablu s vremenskim pomakom, negativni predznak koeficijenata uz trend varijablu u svim modelima u kojima je uključena trend varijabla upozorava na rast (po apsolutnoj vrijednosti) razine mjera deficita u vremenu, a samim time navodi i na sumnju u održivost fiskalne politike.
For this reason these results should be taken with a deal of caution, because they speak much more about fiscal policy in the past than in the future. 
Stoga i ove rezultate treba uzimati s dosta opreza, jer mnogo više govore o fiskalnoj politici u prošlim razdobljima nego u budućnosti.
Their basic message is that if the government wants to stay in the zone of a sustainable fiscal policy, then measures of the deficit in the future should not diverge from those realized in the period observed. 
Njihova osnovna poruka sastoji se u tome da, ako država želi i dalje ostati u zoni održivosti fiskalne politike, tada mjere deficita u budućnosti ne bi smjele odstupati od onih ostvarenih u promatranom razdoblju.
Taking things in general, if we keep to the definition according to which a deficit (or a debt) is sustainable if it does not cause the need to change fiscal policy, then a longer-term period of the deficit will certainly change the character of fiscal policy and threaten macroeconomic stability. 
Općenito uzevši, ako se pridržavamo definicije po kojoj je deficit (ili dug) održiv ako ne izaziva potrebu promjene fiskalne politike, tada dugotrajnije razdoblje deficita zasigurno mijenja karakter fiskalne politike i ugrožava makroekonomsku stabilnost.
And accordingly this year's trend in total and current deficits at a monthly level ought to spur the decision-makers to consider changes. 
U tom smislu ovogodišnje kretanje ukupnog i tekućeg deficita na mjesečnoj razini mora potaknuti donosioce odluka na razmišljanje o promjenama.
Conferences :: Fiscal decentralization in Croatia 
Konferencije :: Fiskalna decentralizacija u Hrvatskoj
The Institute of Public Finance, in collaboration with the Fiscal Decentralization Initiative for Central and Eastern Europe (FDI)-Budapest, organized a Fiscal Decentralization Forum in Zagreb from November 14-15, 2002. 
Institut za javne financije, u suradnji s Inicijativom za fiskalnu decentralizaciju u srednjoj i istočnoj Europi (Fiscal Decentralization Initiative for Central and Eastern Europe - FDI) iz Budimpešte, organizirao je 14. i 15. studenog 2002. u Zagrebu Forum o fiskalnoj decentralizaciji.
The objective of the Forum was to determine the existing state of affairs in fiscal relations between central government and local government in Croatia. 
Cilj foruma bio je utvrditi stanje fiskalnih odnosa između središnje države i lokalne vlasti u Hrvatskoj.
It was the intention of the Forum to spur an exchange of ideas and opinions among all those interested in fiscal decentralization processes in the Republic of Croatia (RC). 
U tom smislu organizacijom Foruma željela se potaknuti razmjena ideja i mišljenja između svih zainteresiranih za procese fiskalne decentralizacije u RH.
The first unit included a discussion on “fiscal decentralization in the RC.” 
Forum je bio podijeljen na sedam tematskih cjelina.
Katarina Ott and Anto Bajo from the Institute of Public Finance analyzed what had been done in the way of change over the previous year in the local finance and budget system, while Maja Lukeš-Petrović from the Ministry of Finance shared her outstanding insight into the process and effects of fiscal decentralization of the public sector in practice. 
U prvoj cjelini, Fiskalna decentralizacija u RH, Katarina Ott i Anto Bajo iz Instituta za javne financije analizirali su što se posljednje godine promijenilo u sustavu lokalnih financija i lokalnih proračuna, a Maja Lukeš-Petrović iz Ministarstva financija izvrsno je prikazala proces i učinke fiskalne decentralizacije javnog sektora u praksi.
In the second unit of the Forum, Teodor Antić from the Ministry of Justice, Administration and Local Self-Government, gave a very useful presentation on decentralization and democratization in the central administration and local self-government. 
Potom je u drugoj cjelini Foruma Teodor Antić iz Ministarstva pravosuđa, uprave i lokalne samouprave dao vrlo koristan prikaz decentralizacije i demokratizacije središnje uprave i lokalne samouprave.
The same unit included a presentation entitled, “The legal and administrative framework for fiscal decentralization in the Republic of Croatia,” in which Ivan Koprić of the Law Faculty in Zagreb shared his thoughts on existing opportunities and myths related to decentralization in Croatia. 
U sklopu iste cjeline pod nazivom Pravni i administrativni okvir za fiskalnu decentralizaciju u RH, Ivan Koprić s Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu iznio je svoje mišljenje o mogućnostima, ali i mitovima decentralizacije u Hrvatskoj.
The theme of the third unit of the Forum was “Decentralization in transitional countries.” 
Tema treće cjeline Foruma bila je Decentralizacija u tranzicijskim zemljama.
Since Stanka Setnikar-Cankar from the School of Public Administration in Ljubljana was unable to attend, her work on the experience of other countries and opportunities for fiscal decentralization in neighboring Slovenia was instead presented by Predrag Bejaković from the Institute of Public Finance. 
Zbog odsutnosti Stanke Setnikar-Cankar sa School of Public Admnistration, Ljubljana, autorice rada koji govori o iskustvima ostalih zemalja te o mogućnostima fiskalne decentralizacije u nama bliskoj Sloveniji, rad je izložio Predrag Bejaković iz Instituta za javne financije.
Serdar Yilmaz of the World Bank gave a rather provocative presentation of his paper on the measurement and influence of fiscal decentralization. 
Serdar Yilmaz iz Svjetske banke na pomalo je provokativan način prezentirao rad o mjerenju i utjecaju fiskalne decentralizacije.
One of the basic hypotheses of his work was that the degree of fiscal decentralization is not currently measured in a suitable way. 
Jedna od osnovnih hipoteza njegova rada jest da se stupanj fiskalne decentralizacije trenutačno ne mjeri na primjereni način.
On day two of the Forum, Dubravka Jurlina Alibegović of the Economics Institute in Zagreb presented the results of a wide-ranging investigation into the financing of local self-government, part of a project of the Croatian Law Center entitled, “The Decentralization of Public Administration.” 
Drugog dana Foruma Dubravka Jurlina Alibegović iz Ekonomskog instituta u Zagrebu prezentirala je rezultate opsežnog istraživanja Financiranje lokalne samouprave u sklopu projekta Hrvatskoga pravnog centra Decentralizacija javne uprave.
Within the same unit of the Forum, the topic of which was “Local financial management,” Bojan Pecek from the School of Public Administration, Ljubljana presented Srećko Devjak's very interesting paper on the introduction of control and the development of the budgetary process in the Slovene municipalities in his absence. 
U istoj cjelini Foruma, kojoj je tema bila Lokalni financijski management, u odsutnosti Srećka Devjaka sa School of Public Administration, Ljubljana njegov vrlo zanimljiv rad o uvođenju kontrolinga i razvoju proračunskog procesa u slovenskim općinama prezentirao je Bojan Peček sa School of Public Admninistration, Ljubljana.
The sixth also very interesting unit of the Forum, on “Fiscal transparency and accountability,” started with an address from Katarina Ott, from the Institute of Public Finance, followed by the mayor of Crikvenica, Ivica Malatestinić, who spoke of the positive experiences of his city in involving the public in the budgetary process. 
Šesta zanimljiva cjelina Foruma Fiskalna transparentnost i odgovornost započela je izlaganjem Katarine Ott iz Instituta za javne financije, a potom je gradonačelnik Crikvenice Ivica Malatestinić govorio o pozitivnim iskustvima Crikvenice pri uključivanju javnosti u proračunski proces.
After that, Jerka Kezele, head of the Administrative Committee for Economics, Finance and Public Revenue, presented a very praiseworthy publication of the city of Varaždin, The Pocket Guide to the Budget of the City of Varaždin. 
Hvalevrijednu publikaciju grada Varaždina o Proračunu grada Varaždina u malom prezentirala je Jerka Kezele, pročelnica Upravnog odbora za gospodarstvo, financije i javne prihode.
Within the last unit of the Forum, “Additional opportunities in financing for local units,” Goran Vukšić from the Economics University in Vienna spoke about foreign investment and fiscal decentralization, followed by Anka Macek and Sandra Zbodulja from the Economics Faculty in Osijek, who presented a paper on the balance sheet and financial policy of units of local administration and self-government. 
U posljednjoj cjelini Foruma - Dodatne mogućnosti financiranja za lokalne jedinice, Goran Vukšić s Ekonomskog sveučilišta u Beču govorio je o stranim ulaganjima i fiskalnoj decentralizaciji, a potom su Anka Mašek i Sandra Zbodulja s Ekonomskog fakulteta u Osijeku prezentirale rad o bilančnoj i financijskoj politici jedinica lokalne uprave i samouprave.
On both days there was serious discussion of the current situation and the problems of fiscal decentralization in the Republic of Croatia. 
Oba dana ozbiljno se raspravljalo o trenutačnom stanju i problemima fiskalne decentralizacije u RH.
Special thanks are due to the large number of participants from the local government level for raising the quality of the debate. 
Za tako kvalitetnu raspravu potrebno je posebno zahvaliti velikom broju sudionika iz lokalne razine vlasti, koji su na Forumu tražili rješenja problema s kojima se svakodnevno susreću.
They attended the Forum looking for solutions to problems they encounter on a daily basis. 
Svi su radovi tiskani u zborniku s konferencije Fiskalna decentralizacija u Hrvatskoj kojeg možete preuzeti na dolje navedenom linku.
The project was made in several stages: (i) structuring of the evaluation process, (ii) data collection, (iii) data analysis, (iv) conclusions and recommendations on economic and fiscal effects of audiovisual industry and comparison with the amount of state aid. 
Projekt je obavljen u nekoliko ključnih faza: (i) strukturiranje procesa procjene, (ii) prikupljanje podataka, (iii) analiza podataka (iv) donošenje zaključaka i preporuka o gospodarskim i fiskalnim učincima audiovizualne djelatnosti i usporedba s visinom državnih potpora.
Croatian audiovisual sector is according to the European and global standards efficient and profitable, but illiquid and indebted. 
Hrvatski audiovizualni sektor je u europskim i svjetskim okvirima učinkovit i profitabilan, ali nelikvidan i zadužen.
There is a positive growth trend of that industry. 
Postoji povoljni trend rasta te industrije.
Maximal annual amount of state aid to the audiovisual industry is relatively small in relation to the fiscal benefits the existence of that industry generates in form of payments of value added tax, corporate income tax and personal income tax to the state and local budgets. 
Maksimalan godišnji iznos državnih potpora audiovizualnoj djelatnosti relativno je mali u odnosu na fiskalne koristi koje generira postojanje te djelatnosti u obliku uplata poreza na dodanu vrijednost, poreza na dobit i poreza na dohodak u državni i proračune lokalnih jedinica vlasti.
Project duration: January - April 2013 
Trajanje projekta: siječanj - travanj 2013.
Finally, a state asset management plan in Croatia 
Konačno imamo Plan upravljanja državnom imovinom
The State Office for State Assets Management (SOSAM) released a Plan for the Management of Assets Owned by the Republic of Croatia for 2015). 
Državni ured za upravljanje državnom imovinom (DUUDI) objavio je Plan upravljanja imovinom u vlasništvu Republike Hrvatske za 2015. godinu.
This 338-page draft document, although relating to an annual period, sets out the potential design and structure of the Croatian public sector until 2050. 
Riječ je o nacrtu koji na 338 stranice, premda godišnjeg karaktera, ukazuje na mogući profil i strukturu hrvatskog javnog sektora do 2050.
Representatives of the interested public can submit their comments on the proposed Plan to the SOSAM by October 20, 2014. 
Predstavnici zainteresirane javnosti mogu do 20. listopada 2014. dostaviti DUUDI-ju komentare na predloženi tekst.
The bulk of the draft Plan relates to companies of special national interest, the business performance of which considerably affects the national budget and economy. 
Veći dio nacrta Plana odnosi se na trgovačka društva od posebnog državnog interesa koja svojim poslovanjem značajno utječu na državni proračun i hrvatsko gospodarstvo.
State property management as a means of stabilisation and public debt reduction. 
Upravljanje državnom imovinom u funkciji stabilizacije i smanjenja javnog duga.
As affirmed by the SOSAM, one of the goals of state assets management is to stabilise and reduce public debt. 
DUUDI je potvrdio da je jedan od ciljeva upravljanja državnom imovinom stabilizacija i smanjenje javnog duga.
The SOSAM has divided the companies of special national interest into three groups. 
DUUDI je u tri skupine podijelio trgovačka društva od posebnog državnog interesa.
They include companies in the following sectors: transportation (road, railway and air transport), energy, forestry, water and lottery, as well as some agencies. 
To su javna društva iz sektora prometa (cestovni, željeznički, zračni i pomorski), energetike, šumarstva, voda, igara na sreću, te nekoliko agencija.
In this context, it should be noted that the current ‘special status' of some government agencies is questionable. 
Pritom valja naglasiti da je upitan postojeći posebni status pojedinih državnih agencija.