natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
`1. The Community shall contribute to the development of quality education by encouraging cooperation between Member States and, if necessary, by supporting and supplementing their action, while fully respecting the responsibility of the Member States for the content of teaching and the organisation of education systems and their cultural and linguistic diversity.
„1. Zajednica doprinosi razvoju kvalitetnog obrazovanja poticanjem suradnje među državama članicama te, ako je to potrebno, podupiranjem i dopunjavanjem njihovih aktivnosti, pri čemu u potpunosti poštuje odgovornost država članica za nastavni sadržaj i ustroj obrazovnih sustava te njihovu kulturnu i jezičnu raznolikost.
2. Community action shall be aimed at:
2. Ciljevi su djelovanja Zajednice:
developing the European dimension in education, particularly through the teaching and dissemination of the languages of the Member States,
razvoj europske dimenzije u obrazovanju, osobito nastavom i popularizacijom jezika država članica,
encouraging mobility of students and teachers, by encouraging inter alia, the academic recognition of diplomas and periods of study, -
poticanje mobilnosti studenata i nastavnika, između ostalog, poticanjem akademskog priznavanja istovrijednosti diploma i trajanja studija,
promoting cooperation between educational establishments,
promicanje suradnje između obrazovnih ustanova,
developing exchanges of information and experience on issues common to the education systems of the Member States,
razvoj razmjene informacija i iskustava u vezi s pitanjima koja su zajednička obrazovnim sustavima država članica,
encouraging the development of youth exchanges and of exchanges of socio-educational instructors,
poticanje razvoja razmjene mladih i razmjene društveno-pedagoških radnika,
encouraging the development of distance education. ...
poticanje razvoja obrazovanja na daljinu. [...]
4. In order to contribute to the achievement of the objectives referred to in this Article, the Council:
4. Kako bi doprinijelo ostvarivanju ciljeva iz ovog članka, Vijeće:
acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251, after consulting the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, shall adopt incentive measures, excluding any harmonisation of the laws and regulations of the Member States, -
odlučujući sukladno postupku iz članka 251. i nakon savjetovanja s Gospodarskim i socijalnim odborom te Odborom regija, donosi poticajne mjere, pri čemu je isključeno bilo kakvo usklađivanje zakona i drugih propisa država članica,
acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission, shall adopt recommendations.'
na prijedlog Komisije donosi preporuke, odlučujući kvalificiranom većinom."
6 Council Directive 90/364/EEC of 28 June 1990 on the right of residence (OJ 1990 L 180, p. 26) provides in Article 1(1) that the Member States are to grant the right of residence to nationals of Member States who do not enjoy this right under other provisions of Community law and to members of their families, provided that they themselves and the members of their families are covered by sickness insurance in respect of all risks in the host Member State and have sufficient resources to avoid becoming a burden on that State's social assistance system during their period of residence.
6 Direktivom Vijeća 90/364/EEZ od 28. lipnja 1990. o pravu boravka (SL L 180, str. 26.) u članku 1. stavku 1. predviđeno je da države članice odobravaju pravo boravka državljanima država članica koji to pravo ne ostvaruju na temelju drugih odredaba prava Zajednice i članovima njihovih obitelji, pod uvjetom da su oni sami i članovi njihovih obitelji zdravstveno osigurani u pogledu svih rizika u državi članici domaćinu i da imaju dostatna sredstva da ne postanu teret sustavu socijalne pomoći te države tijekom svojeg boravka.
7 Under Article 3 of that directive, the right of residence is to remain for as long as the beneficiaries of that right fulfil the conditions laid down in Article 1 of the directive.
7 U skladu s člankom 3. navedene direktive, pravo boravka ostaje sve dok nositelji tog prava ispunjavaju uvjete utvrđene njezinim člankom 1.
8 According to the seventh recital in the preamble to Council Directive 93/36/EEC of 29 October 1993 on the right of residence for students (OJ 1993 L 317, p. 59):
8 U skladu sa sedmom uvodnom izjavom Direktive Vijeća 93/96/EEZ od 29. listopada 1993. o pravu boravka studenata (SL L 317, str. 59.):
`... in the present state of Community law, as established by the case-law of the Court of Justice, assistance granted to students, does not fall within the scope of the [EEC] Treaty within the meaning of Article 7 thereof [later Article 6 of the EC Treaty, now, after amendment, Article 12 EC]'.
„[...] u sadašnjem stanju prava Zajednice, kako je uspostavljeno sudskom praksom Suda, financijska pomoć koja se dodjeljuje studentima ne ulazi u područje primjene Ugovora [o EEZ-u] u smislu njegovog članka 7. [koji je postao članak 6. Ugovora o EZ-u, koji je nakon izmjene postao članak 12. UEZ-a]". [neslužbeni prijevod]
9 Article 1 of that directive provides:
9 Člankom 1. te direktive predviđeno je:
`In order to lay down conditions to facilitate the exercise of the right of residence and with a view to guaranteeing access to vocational training in a non-discriminatory manner for a national of a Member State who has been accepted to attend a vocational training course in another Member State, the Member States shall recognise the right of residence for any student who is a national of a Member State and who does not enjoy that right under other provisions of Community law, and for the student's spouse and their dependent children, where the student assures the relevant national authority, by means of a declaration or by such alternative means as the student may choose that are at least equivalent, that he has sufficient resources to avoid becoming a burden on the social assistance system of the host Member State during their period of residence, provided that the student is enrolled in a recognised educational establishment for the principal purpose of following a vocational training course there and that he is covered by sickness insurance in respect of all risks in the host Member State.'
„Kako bi se utvrdili uvjeti za lakše ostvarivanje prava boravka i zajamčio pristup strukovnom osposobljavanju bez diskriminacije za državljanina države članice koji je primljen na strukovno osposobljavanje u drugoj državi članici, države članice priznaju pravo boravka svakom studentu koji je državljanin države članice i koji to pravo ne ostvaruje na temelju drugih odredaba prava Zajednice te bračnom drugu studenta i njihovoj uzdržavanoj djeci ako student izjavom ili drugim sredstvom po izboru studenta koje je barem jednakovrijedno zajamči relevantnom nadležnom tijelu da ima dostatna sredstava da ne postanu teret sustavu socijalne pomoći države članice domaćina tijekom svojeg boravka, pod uvjetom da je student upisan u priznatu obrazovnu ustanovu s glavnim ciljem strukovnog osposobljavanja i da je zdravstveno osiguran u pogledu svih rizika u državi članici domaćinu." [neslužbeni prijevod]
`This Directive shall not establish any entitlement to the payment of maintenance grants by the host Member State on the part of students benefiting from the right of residence.'
„Ovom Direktivom studenti koji ostvaruju pravo boravka ne stječu nikakvo pravo da im država članica domaćin isplaćuje financijsku pomoć namijenjenu podmirivanju troškova života." [neslužbeni prijevod]
11 Directives 90/364 and 93/96 were repealed with effect from 30 April 2006 by Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States (OJ 2004 L 229, p. 35), which, in accordance with Article 40, must be transposed by the Member States by 30 April 2006.
11 Direktive 90/364 i 93/96 stavljene su izvan snage s učinkom od 30. travnja 2006. Direktivom 2004/38/EZ Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 29. travnja 2004. o pravu građana Unije i članova njihovih obitelji na slobodno kretanje i boravište [boravak] na području države članice (SL L 229, str. 35.) (Posebno izdanje na hrvatskom jeziku, poglavlje 5, svezak 002, str. 42.), koju u skladu s člankom 40. države članice moraju prenijeti do 30. travnja 2006.
12 In England and Wales, financial assistance for students to cover maintenance costs is, under the Education (Student Support) Regulations 2001 (`the Student Support Regulations'), provided essentially by means of loans.
12 U Engleskoj i Walesu financijska pomoć studentima namijenjena podmirivanju troškova života u skladu s Education (Student Support) Regulations 2001 (propis iz 2001. o obrazovanju (financijska potpora studentima), u daljnjem tekstu: Student Support Regulations) predviđena je u osnovi u obliku zajmova.
13 Under the Student Support Regulations, students who are recipients of a loan receive 75% of the maximum amount of the loan, while the remaining 25% is granted on the basis of the financial position of the student and of his parents or partner.
13 Studenti koji u skladu sa Student Support Regulations imaju pravo na zajam dobivaju 75 % maksimalnog iznosa zajma, dok se preostalih 25 % dodjeljuje na temelju financijskog položaja studenta i njegovih roditelja ili partnera.
The loan is provided at an interest rate which is linked to the rate of inflation and is therefore below the normal rate for a commercial loan.
Za zajam je predviđena kamatna stopa koja je povezana sa stopom inflacije i stoga je manja od uobičajene kamatne stope za komercijalni zajam.
The loan is repayable after the student completes his studies, provided that he is earning in excess of GBP 10 000.
Student vraća zajam nakon završetka studija, pod uvjetom da ostvaruje dohodak veći od 10 000 GBP.
If that is the case, he pays an annual amount equivalent to 9% of the income earned above GBP 10 000, until the loan is repaid in full.
U tom slučaju svake godine plaća iznos jednak 9 % ostvarenog dohotka iznad 10 000 GBP sve dok zajam ne otplati u cijelosti. 14 U skladu s člankom 4.
14 Under regulation 4 of the Student Support Regulations, a person is eligible for a student loan for a designated course if he falls within one of the situations mentioned in Schedule 1 to those regulations.
Student Support Regulations, osoba ima pravo na studentski zajam za određeni program ako njezina situacija odgovara jednoj od situacija navedenih u Prilogu 1. (Schedule 1) Student Support Regulations.
15 Under paragraph 1 of that schedule, a person is eligible to receive a student loan if he is settled in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Immigration Act 1971 and meets the residence conditions referred to in paragraph 8 of the schedule, namely:
15 U skladu sa stavkom 1. tog priloga, osoba ima pravo dobiti studentski zajam ako je nastanjena u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini u smislu Zakona o useljavanju iz 1971. (Immigration Act 1971) i ako ispunjava uvjete stalnog boravka iz stavka 8. priloga, a to su:
(a) he is ordinarily resident in England and Wales on the first day of the first academic year of the course;
(a) prvog dana prve akademske godine programa ima uobičajeno boravište u Engleskoj i Walesu;
(b) he has been ordinarily resident throughout the three-year period preceding that day in the United Kingdom and Islands; and
(b) u razdoblju od tri godine prije navedenog dana imao je uobičajeno boravište u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini ili na Otocima i
(c) his residence in the United Kingdom and Islands has not during any part of that three-year period been wholly or mainly for the purpose of receiving full-time education.
(c) ni u jednom trenutku tijekom navedenog razdoblja od tri godine nije imao boravište u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini ili na Otocima isključivo ili uglavnom zbog redovnog obrazovanja.
16 As regards migrant workers and members of their families covered by Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 of the Council of 15 October 1968 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community (OJ, English Special Edition 1968 (II), p. 475), paragraphs 4 to 6 of Schedule 1 to the Student Support Regulations do not require them to be settled in the United Kingdom and make their eligibility for a student loan subject to the same residence conditions, while considering that they satisfy the condition of ordinary residence in paragraph 8(b) of that schedule from the time when they reside in the European Economic Area.
16 U vezi s radnicima migrantima i članovima njihovih obitelji koji su obuhvaćeni Uredbom Vijeća (EEZ) br. 1612/68 od 15. listopada 1968. o slobodi kretanja radnika unutar Zajednice (SL L 257, str. 2.), stavcima 4. do 6. Priloga 1. Student Support Regulations ne zahtijeva se od njih da budu nastanjeni u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini, a za pravo na studentski zajam utvrđuju se isti uvjeti boravišta, pri čemu valja poštovati da ispunjavaju uvjet uobičajenog boravišta iz stavka 8. točke (b) tog priloga od trenutka stalnog boravišta na Europskom gospodarskom prostoru.
17 Under the Immigration Act 1971 a person is settled in the United Kingdom if he is ordinarily resident there without being subject to any restriction on the period for which he may remain in the territory.
17 U skladu sa Zakonom o useljavanju iz 1971., osoba je nastanjena u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini ako tamo ima uobičajeno boravište bez bilo kakvih ograničenja u pogledu vremena tijekom kojeg smije boraviti na njezinom državnom području.
18 However, it is apparent from the case-file that under United Kingdom law a national of another Member State cannot, in his capacity as a student, obtain the status of being settled in the United Kingdom.
18 Međutim, iz spisa proizlazi da državljanin druge države članice u skladu s britanskim zakonodavstvom ne može u svojstvu studenta steći status osobe nastanjene u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini.
19 As regards tuition fees, the Student Support Regulations provide for financial support on the same conditions for nationals of the United Kingdom and those of other Member States.
19 U pogledu školarina Student Support Regulations predviđa financijsku potporu pod istim uvjetima za državljane Ujedinjene Kraljevine kao i državljane drugih država članica.
The main proceedings and the questions referred for a preliminary ruling
Glavni postupak i prethodna pitanja
20 In August 1998 Mr Bidar, a French national, entered the territory of the United Kingdom, accompanying his mother who was to undergo medical treatment there.
20 D. Bidar, francuski državljanin, je u kolovozu 1998. ušao na državno područje Ujedinjene Kraljevine u pratnji svoje majke koja je tamo išla na liječenje.
It is common ground that in the United Kingdom he lived with his grandmother, as her dependant, and pursued and completed his secondary education without ever having recourse to social assistance.
Nije sporno da je u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini živio kod svoje bake koja ga je uzdržavala i da je pohađao i zatim završio srednjoškolsko obrazovanja a da pri tome nije zatražio socijalnu pomoć.
21 In September 2001 he started a course in economics at University College London.
21 U rujnu 2001. započeo je studij ekonomije na University College London.
22 While Mr Bidar received assistance with respect to tuition fees, his application for financial assistance to cover his maintenance costs, in the form of a student loan, was refused on the ground that he was not settled in the United Kingdom.
22 Iako je D. Bidar primao financijsku pomoć u vezi sa školarinom, njegov zahtjev za financijsku pomoć namijenjenu podmirivanju njegovih troškova života u obliku studentskog zajma odbijen je jer nije bio nastanjen u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini.
23 In the proceedings brought by him against that refusal, Mr Bidar submits that, by making the grant of a student loan to a national of a Member State conditional on his being settled in the United Kingdom, the Student Support Regulations introduced discrimination prohibited under Article 12 EC.
23 U tužbi protiv te odluke o odbijanju tužitelj u glavnom postupku tvrdi da je, zbog toga što je dodjela studentskog zajma državljaninu države članice uvjetovana time da on mora biti nastanjen u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini, na temelju Student Support Regulations uvedena diskriminacija koja je zabranjena u skladu s člankom 12. UEZ-a.
He submits, in the alternative, that, even if it were accepted that the provision of a grant falls outside the scope of the Treaty, that is not the case with an application for assistance in the form of a subsidised loan.
Podredno navodi da čak i kada bi bilo prihvaćeno da dodjela stipendije ne ulazi u područje primjene Ugovora, to nije slučaj sa zahtjevom za financijsku pomoć u obliku subvencioniranog zajma.
24 The Secretary of State for Education and Skills, who is the responsible authority for making the Student Support Regulations, contends, on the other hand, that the provision of assistance for maintenance costs, whether in the form of a grant or a loan, does not fall within the scope of Article 12 EC, as the Court acknowledged in Case 39/86 Lair [1988] ECR 3161 and Case 197/86 Brown [1988] ECR 3205.
24 Suprotno tome, Secretary of State for Education and Skills, tijelo odgovorno za donošenje Student Support Regulations, navodi da dodjela financijske pomoći namijenjene podmirivanju troškova života, bez obzira na to je li u obliku stipendije ili zajma, ne ulazi u područje primjene članka 12. UEZ-a, kao što je Sud presudio u presudama od 21. lipnja 1988., Lair (39/86, Zb., str. 3161.) i Brown (197/86, Zb., str. 3205.).
Even if such assistance were to fall within the scope of the Treaty, the conditions for granting that assistance would guarantee the existence of a direct link between the recipient of the assistance and the State which finances it.
Čak i kada bi takva financijska pomoć ulazila u područje primjene Ugovora, uvjetima njezine dodjele bila bi zajamčena izravna povezanost primatelja pomoći s državom koja je financira.
25 The national court observes that student loans represent a cost to the State, because of the reduced rates of interest and possible problems with repayment, a cost which the Secretary of State for Education and Skills estimates at the equivalent of 50% of the amount of the loans.
25 Sud koji je uputio zahtjev napominje da studentski zajmovi predstavljaju trošak za državu zbog nižih kamatnih stopa i mogućih problema s otplatom, pri čemu Secretary of State for Education and Skills procjenjuje da je taj trošak u visini 50 % iznosa zajmova.
The average loan made to a student for the academic year 2000/01 is said to be GBP 3 155.
Prosječni zajam dodijeljen studentu za akademsku godinu 2000./2001. iznosi 3 155 GBP.
If the 41 713 nationals of the European Union who studied in England and Wales during that year without being settled there had received student loans, the probable cost to the State would thus have been GBP 66 million.
Da je 41 713 državljana Europske unije koji su te godine studirali u Engleskoj i Walesu primilo studentski zajam a da pri tome nisu bili tamo nastanjeni, trošak za državu vjerojatno bi iznosio 66 milijuna GBP.
26 According to the national court, Mr Bidar is not covered by Regulation No 1612/68 and cannot claim any right to a student loan on the basis of Directive 93/96.
26 Prema mišljenju suda koji je uputio zahtjev, na tužitelja u glavnom postupku ne primjenjuju se odredbe Uredbe br. 1612/68 i on se ne može pozivati ni na kakvo pravo na studentski zajam na temelju Direktive 93/96.
27 In those circumstances, the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, Queen's Bench Division (Administrative Court), decided to stay the proceedings and refer the following questions to the Court for a preliminary ruling:
27 U tim je okolnostima High Court of Justice (England & Wales), Queen's Bench Division (Administrative Court), odlučio prekinuti postupak i uputiti Sudu sljedeća prethodna pitanja:
`1. Whether, given the decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Communities in ... Lair ... and ... Brown ... and developments in the law of the European Union, including the adoption of Article 18 EC and developments in relation to the competence of the European Union in the field of education, assistance with maintenance costs for students attending university courses, such assistance being given by way of either (a) subsidised loans or (b) grants, continues to fall outside the scope of the application of the EC Treaty for the purposes of Article 12 EC and the prohibition on discrimination on grounds of nationality?
„1. Je li u kontekstu presuda Suda Europskih zajednica od 21. lipnja 1988. u gore navedenim predmetima Lair i Brown, i razvoja prava Unije, uključujući donošenje članka 18. UEZ-a, kao i razvoja u vezi s nadležnošću Unije u području obrazovanja, financijska pomoć namijenjena podmirivanju troškova života studenata koji pohađaju sveučilišne programe, koja je odobrena u obliku a) subvencioniranih zajmova ili b) stipendija, i dalje izvan područja primjene Ugovora o EZ-u u smislu članka 12. UEZ-a i zabrane diskriminacije na temelju državljanstva?
2. If either part of question 1 is answered in the negative, and if assistance with maintenance costs for students in the form of grants or loans [does] now fall within the scope of Article 12 EC, what criteria should the national court apply in determining whether the conditions governing eligibility for such assistance are based on objectively justifiable considerations not dependent on nationality?
2. Ako je odgovor na bilo koji dio prvog pitanja negativan i ako financijska pomoć namijenjena podmirivanju troškova života studenata koja se dodjeljuje u obliku stipendija ili zajmova od sada ulazi u područje primjene članka 12. UEZ-a, koje bi kriterije trebao primjenjivati nacionalni sud kada želi utvrditi temelje li se uvjeti za dodjelu takve financijske pomoći na objektivno opravdanim razlozima koji ne ovise o državljanstvu?
3. If either part of question 1 is answered in the negative, whether Article 12 EC may be relied upon to claim entitlement to assistance with maintenance costs from a date prior to the date of the judgment of the Court of Justice in the present case and, if [not], whether an exception should be made for those who initiated legal proceedings before that date?'
3. Ako je odgovor na bilo koji dio prvog pitanja negativan, može li se pozivati na članak 12. UEZ-a kada se traži pravo na financijsku pomoć namijenjenu pokrivanju troškova života od datuma koji je prethodio datumu presude Suda u ovom slučaju i [ako ne], treba li napraviti iznimku za one koji su pokrenuli pravni postupak prije tog datuma?"
The questions referred for a preliminary ruling
O prethodnim pitanjima
Question 1
Prvo pitanje
28 By its first question, the national court asks essentially whether, in the present state of Community law, assistance to students in higher education intended to cover their maintenance costs, in the form of a subsidised loan or a grant, falls outside the scope of the Treaty, in particular the first paragraph of Article 12 EC.
28 Svojim prvim pitanjem sud koji je uputio zahtjev u biti pita ulazi li u sadašnjem stanju prava Zajednice financijska pomoć studentima u visokom obrazovanju namijenjena podmirivanju njihovih troškova života u obliku subvencioniranog zajma ili stipendije u područje primjene Ugovora, posebno članka 12. prvog stavka UEZ-a.
29 According to the order for reference, the claimant in the main proceedings is not covered by Regulation No 1612/68.
29 Iz odluke kojom se upućuje prethodno pitanje proizlazi da se na tužitelja u glavnom postupku ne primjenjuje Uredba br. 1612/68.