natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
On page 1 of the 2012 Study, it is observed that the continuous deployment of renewable electricity installations and the priority dispatch of renewable electricity lead to a reduction of electricity supply by conventional (including conventional baseload) power plants.
Njemačka nije opisala nijedan projekt čija bi se provedba promicala putem potpunog izuzeća od naknada za upotrebu mreže.
In addition, Germany itself admits that at times of lower demand and high renewable electricity production, the baseload consumers would consume the renewable electricity due to priority dispatch and access instead of consuming the electricity that would normally have been supplied by conventional baseload power plants.
Njemačka nije dostavila nikakve informacije koje bi pokazale da bi potpuno izuzeće otklonilo ozbiljan poremećaj u njemačkom gospodarstvu.
This shows that the consumption by baseload consumers will not ensure the viability of conventional baseload power plants and will not make redundant the system stability measures (higher reserve requirements, quick ramping up of power plants when renewable production decreases, etc.) that Germany and interested parties claim could be spared with a continuous operation of conventional power plants.
Stoga se potpuno izuzeće ne može opravdati na temelju članka 107. stavka 3. točke (b) Ugovora.
Conclusion on the appropriateness of the aid to ensure security of supply and to promote renewable electricity
SPOJIVOST NA TEMELJU ČLANKA 107.
Based on the above elements, the Commission concludes that Germany has not demonstrated that the full exemption could contribute to and was appropriate to contribute to the security of supply or indirectly to the promotion of renewable electricity.
STAVKA 3.
Even assuming that full exemption from network charges of baseload consumers was appropriate to contribute to the objective of ensuring the security of supply and indirectly the deployment of electricity from renewable sources it still is necessary to verify whether it can be considered as necessary to reach those objectives, has an incentive effect, is proportionate and whether the negative impact of the measure remain smaller than its positive effect.
TOČKE (c)
It will be demonstrated below that these requirements have not been fulfilled.
Člankom 107. stavkom 1.
This reasoning constitutes subsidiary reasoning, as the Commission considers that the aid cannot be declared compatible already for the sole reason that it is not, in reality, capable of contributing to an objective of common interest.
Ugovora predviđeno je opće načelo zabrane državne potpore u Uniji.
Competitiveness of the European industry
No Komisija može mjeru potpore proglasiti spojivom izravno na temelju članka 107. stavka 3. točke (c) Ugovora ako je njezina svrha ostvarenje jasno određenog cilja od zajedničkog interesa i ako je ona prikladna za to, ako je neophodna za ostvarenje tog cilja, ako ima poticajni učinak i ako je proporcionalna pod uvjetom da pozitivni učinci u pogledu zajedničkog cilja nadmašuju negativne učinke na tržišno natjecanje i trgovinu.
Germany has underlined that the decision to phase out nuclear energy and to increase the share of renewable electricity would imply an increase in electricity costs (both costs related to electricity production and electricity transmission) which will penalize in particular electro-intensive industries like paper, cement, chemical, aluminium and other non-ferrous metal industries in comparison to competitors in other Member States facing significantly less costs from renewable policies.
Teret dokazivanja spojivosti jest na državi članici.
The exemption would create a level playing field.
Budući da je Njemačka tvrdila da potpuno izuzeće pomaže u promicanju proizvodnje električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora i sigurnosti opskrbe, Komisija je provjerila ulazi li predmetna mjera u područje primjene Smjernica Zajednice o državnim potporama za zaštitu okoliša („EAG”).
It is noted however that the exemption is not creating a level playing field nor is it linked to costs that would be induced by renewable energy policies.
No EAG ne sadržava pravila o spojivosti mjera čiji je cilj osiguranje sigurnosti opskrbe.
Indeed, the full exemption from network charges representing the individual costs of the baseload consumers is exempting German baseload consumers from their entire network costs, including the costs of the network path that is connecting the baseload consumer to the closest baseload power plant.
Kad je riječ o promicanju električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora, one sadržavaju samo kriterije spojivosti potpore dodijeljene postrojenjima u kojima se proizvodi električna energija iz obnovljivih izvora (odjeljak 1.5.6.
Those costs have no relationship with renewable energy policies and correspond to costs that competitors in other Member States have to pay as part of their normal production costs and that consumers and competitors in Germany need to compensate via the Paragraph 19-surcharge.
EAG-a).
Finally, it is noted that the full exemption aiming at improving the competitiveness of the concerned consumers seems to be contrary to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 714/2009 as not being cost-reflective, and to Article 32 of Directive 2009/72/EC as not in line with the non-discrimination principle.
No ti se kriteriji ne odnose na mjere kao što je mjera iz ovog slučaja u okviru kojih se potrošači električne energije izuzimaju od plaćanja naknada za upotrebu mreže kako bi ih se „potaknulo” da ostanu priključeni na mrežu tako da se poveća vjerojatnost da će potrošači trošiti električnu energiju koja se proizvede iz obnovljivih izvora.
In addition, exemptions from network charges decided by the legislator or the Government do not seem in line with Article 37(1)(a) of Directive 2009/72/EC establishing the principle that tariffs must be established by the regulator.
EAG nije primjenjiv na mjeru koja se ovdje razmatra.
For those reasons, it is concluded that the full exemption from network charges corresponding to the individual costs attributable to the baseload consumers concerned in so far as it would aim at reinforcing the competitiveness of the beneficiaries is not capable of contribution to an objective of common interest.
Komisija je stoga ispitala spojivost potpunog izuzeća izravno na temelju članka 107. stavka 3. točke (c) Ugovora.
Necessity of the full exemption
Cilj od zajedničkog interesa i prikladnost potpore
In any event, as is demonstrated below (recitals 197 to 199, even assuming that Germany had demonstrated that the full exemption could contribute to and was appropriate to ensure indirectly the promotion of renewable electricity and security of supply, it is not demonstrated that the full exemption was needed in 2012-2013 to reach those objectives.
Usklađenost s europskim zakonodavstvom o naknadama za upotrebu mreže
This would only have been the case if Germany had demonstrated that the full exemption was necessary to maintain baseload consumption and prevent baseload consumers from disconnecting from the network.
Kad je riječ o tom argumentu, upućuje se na nalaze iz uvodnih izjava od 85. do 121. ove Odluke.
However, as the elements below show, Germany did not demonstrate that without the full exemption, baseload consumers would leave the public network and would either construct a direct line to a power plant or become self-suppliers.
Kako je vidljivo u tim nalazima, potpuno izuzeće dodijeljeno prihvatljivim potrošačima baznog opterećenja od 2011. do 2013. donijelo im je selektivnu prednost jer su bili izuzeti od plaćanja troškova mreže uzrokovanih svojom potrošnjom električne energije.
Also, Germany did not demonstrate that absent the full exemption, the beneficiaries concerned would change their consumption pattern and have variable unpredictable load profile.
To nije u skladu s ciljem da troškovi mreže moraju odražavati stvarne troškove kako je utvrđeno člankom 14.
The full exemption is not needed to avoid that baseload consumers build a direct line
Uredbe (EZ) br. 714/2009 i nije u skladu s načelom nediskriminacije.
Germany has not demonstrated that if the baseload consumers benefiting of the exemption would still be subject to individual network charges as would normally result from Paragraph 24 of the EnWG, they would stop contributing to the objective of common interest (stabilizing the network and promotion of renewable electricity) by building a direct connection to a power plant.
Komisija se stoga ne slaže s Njemačkom da potpuno izuzeće od naknada za upotrebu mreže pridonosi tim ciljevima ili da bi bilo potrebno na temelju europskog zakonodavstva.
This seems highly unlikely given that individual network charges would be calculated based on the physical path methodology which examines the costs related to the use of the network path between the connection point of the baseload consumer to the network (offtake point) and the nearest baseload power plant.
Promicanje sigurnosti opskrbe i električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora
In that sense, individual network charges are mimicking the costs that would be implied by the construction of a direct line to the nearest baseload power plant suitable to match the baseload demand of the baseload consumer.
Njemačka tvrdi da je potpuno izuzeće pridonosilo sigurnosti opskrbe i promicanju električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora na tri različita načina (vidjeti uvodnu izjavu 165.).
All costs being equal, a baseload consumer will prefer to remain connected to the network instead of engaging in a lengthy and uncertain permit procedure.
Prvo, tvrdila je da su potrošači baznog opterećenja pružali potrebnu uslugu stabilizacije od 2011. do 2013. prije nego što su se mogle uvesti mjere stabilizacije mreže.
Given that the direct line will in many cases go through properties that do not belong to the baseload consumer, various permits and authorisation will be required and they are difficult to obtain as the general public often opposes electric lines).
Njemačka je tvrdila da bi se stalnom i neprekidnom potrošnjom izuzetih potrošača baznog opterećenja rasteretila i stabilizirala mreža.
Indeed, a direct line would imply for the concerned baseload consumer significant investment costs and would also require lengthy and costly permit procedures to build the line.
Time bi se smanjila potreba za rezervama i električnom energijom uravnoteženja.
All fixed costs of the line would have to be borne by one single user while under the physical path methodology he only bears his share of those fixed costs.
Nadalje, Njemačka je objasnila da se izuzeti potrošači baznog opterećenja često nalaze u blizini velikih elektrana.
The full exemption is not needed to avoid that baseload consumers become self-suppliers
Stoga se električna energija mora prenositi na relativno male udaljenosti, čime se smanjuju gubitci pri prijenosu i potreba za ugradnjom uređaja kojima se osigurava jalova snaga.
Germany has not demonstrated either that if the beneficiaries of the full exemption would be subject to individual network charges as would normally result from Paragraph 24 of the EnWG, they would be at risk of becoming self-suppliers.
Zainteresirane strane istaknule su i da su potrošači baznog opterećenja često uključeni u plan rasterećenja u pet faza OPS-â bez ikakvih ugovora i naknada.
Germany has not submitted any documents which would show a trend of baseload consumers becoming self-suppliers due to the level of their individual network charges before the introduction of the full exemption.
Neke zainteresirane strane usto su ukazale na to da krajnji korisnici moraju zadovoljiti tehničke specifikacije kada se žele priključiti na mrežu i da zbog toga moraju uložiti određena sredstva u poboljšanje regulacije napona bez ikakve naknade.
On the contrary, the data submitted by Germany shows that the full exemption is not impacting on the decision of baseload consumers to engage in self-supply.
Osim toga, Njemačka tvrdi da su konvencionalne elektrane bile potrebne kako bi se osiguralo sigurno upravljanje mrežom kada je započela intenzivnija isporuka električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora, a još nisu bila razvijena fleksibilna rješenja za elektroenergetski sustav (kao što je upravljanje potrošnjom) jer one pružaju važne pomoćne usluge u mreži te da su potrošači baznog opterećenja bili potrebni kako bi te konvencionalne elektrane ostale u pogonu, posebno zbog sve većeg udjela električne energije proizvedene iz obnovljivih izvora.
Germany has provided figures for the ten largest beneficiaries in terms of electricity consumption for the period 2013 to 2015 (a period covering the last year of the full exemption and two years during which individual network charges were applied).
Njemačka istodobno tvrdi da se stabilnim preuzimanjem električne energije potrošača baznog opterećenja osigurala potpuna potrošnja električne energije proizvedene iz obnovljivih izvora, čime se smanjila potreba za donošenjem (drugih i skupljih) mjera stabilizacije mreže (ograničavanje).
This data shows that six out of these 10 undertakings did not have a self-supply installation in 2013 and did not acquire any self-supply installation after the reintroduction of individual network charges.
To je olakšalo prijenos energije i pridonijelo promicanju električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora.
The data relating to the four other companies reveal that one of those companies entirely injects into the grid the electricity produced.
Općenito se primjećuje da su ciljevi osiguranja sigurnosti opskrbe i promicanja električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora prepoznati kao ciljevi od zajedničkog interesa.
The remaining three companies all had self-supply installations already in 2013 and continued to use them throughout the entire period 2013 to 2015 with a decreasing trend for one, an increasing trend for the second and a rather stable trend for the third company.
No primjećuje se da nije jasno utvrđeno može li potpuno izuzeće pridonijeti ostvarenju ciljeva sigurnosti opskrbe i promicanja električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora te je li prikladno za njihovo ostvarenje.
This confirms that the full exemption is not necessary for preventing self-supply and that baseload consumers chose self-supply models on the basis of other factors.
Konkretno, Njemačka nije pokazala da bi potpuno izuzeće moglo pridonijeti postizanju tih ciljeva i da je prikladno za njihovo ostvarenje.
This has been confirmed by Germany in its comments regarding State aid SA.46526 (2017/N) in which Germany first indicated that self-supply solutions in the energy-intensive industry were driven by synergies with heat requirements, synergies with waste gases and production residues and not by the possibility to escape payment of the charge on electricity that consumers pay in Germany to finance the support of renewable electricity (the so-called EEG-surcharge).
Kako će se objasniti u nastavku, potpuno izuzeće dovodi do proturječnih rezultata u pogledu ostvarenih ciljeva i moglo bi se čak smatrati preprekom u ostvarenju predmetnih ciljeva.
Germany in addition showed that despite a significant increase of the EEG-surcharge in the period 2011 to 2014 (with the EEG-surcharge representing more than the electricity wholesale price as of 2013), self-supply in the four main sectors resorting to self-supply (paper, chemical industry, steel manufacturing, oil refineries) remained stable in the period 2010 to 2014.
Potrošnja baznog opterećenja može biti prepreka u ostvarenju cilja promicanja električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora i sigurnosti opskrbe
The alleged contribution to the stability of the grid is already taken into account in individual network charges
Kako bi pokazala da bi potpuno izuzeće od naknada za upotrebu mreže dodijeljeno na temelju druge rečenice članka 19. stavka 2.
In order to justify the full exemption Germany has referred to the stability and predictability of baseload consumption as an important element to facilitate network management and thus indirectly facilitate security of supply.
StromNEV-a iz 2011. moglo pridonijeti osiguranju sigurnosti opskrbe od 2011. do 2013. i da je bilo prikladno za to, Njemačka je uputila na niz značajki potrošača baznog opterećenja koje olakšavaju upravljanje mrežom i koje koriste svim korisnicima jer njihova stabilna i predvidljiva potražnja smanjuje potrebu za mjerama uravnoteženja, rezervama i redispečiranjem.
It is noted, however, that all these elements are already taken into account for the calculation of individual network charges given that this calculation allocates to each baseload consumer only the costs linked to the network connection between that baseload consumer and the nearest baseload power plant that can cover its demand.
Osim toga, zbog njihove blizine elektranama pri prijenosu se gubi manja količina električne energije i nema potrebe za ugradnjom uređaja za kompenzaciju jalove snage.
Costs for balancing energy are anyway not included in network charges in general neither in the individual network charges.
Navodi se da ti elementi mogu smanjiti troškove mreže i olakšati upravljanje mrežom te se može smatrati da neizravno olakšavaju ispunjenje obveza OPS-â u pogledu osiguranja sigurnosti opskrbe.
Costs for the various reserves and re-dispatching costs are not included in the individually calculated network charges and energy losses due to the transport of electricity are allocated in proportion to the network portion used.
No, pod pretpostavkom da se te značajke kojima su se već opravdale pojedinačne naknade za upotrebu mreže mogu ponovno upotrijebiti kao dokaz da je cilj izuzeća od zajedničkog interesa, izuzeće i dalje ne bi bilo potrebno, ne bi imalo dodatni poticajni učinak i ne bi osiguralo proporcionalnost potpore kako je detaljnije objašnjeno u nastavku (odjeljci od 5.3.2.2. do 5.3.2.4.).
Also the reduced need for reactive power compensation devices will be taken into account given that those devices will only be included in the calculation of the individual network charges if they are located on the network path between the baseload power plant and the baseload consumer.
Kao što će biti prikazano u nastavku, izuzeće i uvjeti po kojima se ono dodjeljivalo mogli bi se smatrati preprekom mjerama fleksibilnosti koje je Njemačka uvela 2013. kako bi promicala sigurnost opskrbe (uvodna izjava 179. u nastavku), a mogli su i uzrokovati povećanje troškova promicanja električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora (uvodna izjava 181. u nastavku).
Given that this calculation allocates to each baseload consumer only the costs linked to the network connection between that baseload consumer and the nearest baseload power plant that can cover its demand, it must be concluded, that the individual network charges already adequately take into account the benefits induced by baseload consumers in terms of network management and indirectly security of supply.
Stoga se izuzeće ne može smatrati prikladnim za ostvarenje ciljeva sigurnosti opskrbe i promicanja električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora.
There is thus no need for any aid measure in the form of a full exemption and Germany has not brought forward any element that would show that with network charges based on individual costs (for instance by using the physical path methodology), the beneficiaries would become consumers with a variable and unpredictable consumption profile.
Njemačka i zainteresirane strane napomenule su i da bi potpuno izuzeće bilo korisno za regulaciju frekvencije i napona.
Incentive effect
No navodi se da regulacija frekvencije i napona na koju upućuju Njemačka i zainteresirane strane nije usluga koju isporučuju potrošači baznog opterećenja nego usluga konvencionalnih elektrana, što Njemačka i zainteresirane strane priznaju u svojim podnescima.
Further, Germany has not demonstrated that the full exemption from network charges would have an incentive effect.
Zapravo argumentiraju da su potrošači baznog opterećenja potrebni kako bi se osigurala održivost konvencionalnih elektrana.
An aid has an incentive effect when it changes the behaviour of the undertakings concerned in such a way that they engage in an additional activity which they would not carry out without the aid or which they would carry out in a restricted or different manner.
Taj argument razmatra se u uvodnim izjavama od 183. do 188. i upućuje se na te nalaze.
Several elements in the file show that in many cases the full exemption was granted to baseload consumers for adopting a consumption pattern that corresponds to their usual consumption pattern given that their production process involves constant electricity consumption.
Kad je riječ o doprinosu planu rasterećenja u pet faza, upućuje se na opažanja iz uvodne izjave 97., u kojoj se zaključuje da se potpuno izuzeće ne može smatrati naknadom za sudjelovanje u planu rasterećenja u pet faza.
Individual network charges for baseload consumers exist since 2005.
Kad je riječ o uređajima koje potrošači baznog opterećenja moraju ugraditi kako bi osigurali da je njihov faktor pomaka uvijek između +0,9 i -0,9, već je napomenuto da je cilj te obveze osigurati sigurno i normalno upravljanje mrežom te da se primjenjuje na sve potrošače koji zatraže pristup mreži, a ne samo na potrošače baznog opterećenja (vidjeti uvodnu izjavu 99. et seq.).
Initially those individual network charges were possible only for baseload consumers reaching 7500 hours of full use.
Stoga se teško može reći da ona opravdava izuzeće za potrošače baznog opterećenja.
At least for baseload consumers who were already benefitting from individual network charges under that initial regime, the full exemption did hence not change their behaviour compared with their behaviour during the application of individual network charges and thus had no incentive effect.
Nadalje se navodi da je Njemačka u svojim podnescima ukazala na to da je potpuno izuzeće bilo korisno za sigurnost opskrbe samo u prijelaznom razdoblju (od 2011. do 2013.) do uvođenja različitih mjera za povećanje fleksibilnosti elektroenergetskog sustava.
In addition, the number of baseload consumers obtaining individual network charges in 2014 is very close to the number of baseload consumers having obtained an exemption in 2011 to 2013 and the applicants are often the same.
No Njemačka je već 2012. donijela Pravilnik o ugovorima za upravljani teret („Pravilnik ABLAV”), čiji je cilj kupnja tri gigavata („GW”) upravljanog tereta radi povećanja fleksibilnosti potražnje.
This also confirms that for most of the baseload consumers, the full exemption has not modified their behaviour compared to what they would anyway do based on individual network charges.
Te situacije češće se pojavljuju u elektroenergetskim sustavima s velikom (nestalnom) isporukom energije iz obnovljivih izvora jer iznenadno slabljenje vjetra ili sunčeva zračenja dovodi do iznenadnog smanjenja proizvodnje.
The German national courts have made the same observations (see recital 52).
Osim toga, količine energije vjetra i solarne energije mogu biti manje od onih izvorno procijenjenih na temelju vremenske prognoze.
Finally, the 2015 Evaluation Report also highlights that several network operators had observed that the baseload consumers concerned already had the same consumption pattern before the full exemption had been introduced.
No navodi se da je potpuno izuzeće potrošača baznog opterećenja zapravo poticaj tim potrošačima da ne ponude upravljani teret na temelju Pravilnika ABLAV jer tada ne bi dosegnuli 7000 sati maksimalne upotrebe i stoga je u suprotnosti s ciljevima druge mjere čiji je cilj sigurnost opskrbe.
Proportionality, negative impact on trading conditions and overall balance
Kad je riječ o 2013., potpuno izuzeće bilo je prepreka drugoj mjeri za osiguranje sigurnosti opskrbe jer se njime uklonio poticaj potrošača baznog opterećenja da ponude upravljani teret.
Even assuming that for some baseload consumers the full exemption was appropriate, and necessary to contribute to an objective of common interest and had an incentive effect, it should be noted that the full exemption was not proportionate and that the negative impact of the aid outweigh its hypothetical positive impact.
Osim toga, Njemačka je tvrdila da bi izuzeti potrošači baznog opterećenja pridonijeli promicanju električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora smanjenjem troškova tog promicanja.