natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Finally, due to the variability and unpredictability of the consumption of users in general, network operators have to take a safety margin into account when they dimension the network.
Naposljetku, treba napomenuti da dio konvencionalnih elektrana spomenutih u studiji iz 2012. o minimalnoj potrebnoj proizvodnji konvencionalnih elektrana nisu elektrane baznog opterećenja, nego konvencionalne elektrane koje se mogu brzo staviti u pogon, na primjer plinske turbine.
Indeed, the simultaneity factor only expresses the likelihood that a given consumer will consume at the moment of peak load but cannot guarantee this.
Potrošači baznog opterećenja neće biti poticaj tim vrstama elektrana da ostanu na tržištu jer je njihova isplativost povezana s mogućnosti postizanja viših cijena za električnu energiju kada je sustav pod velikim opterećenjem.
Such a safety margin is however not needed to the same degree for baseload consumers, if at all.
Neke zainteresirane strane tvrdile su i da je izuzeće opravdano jer su potrošači baznog opterećenja dio plana rasterećenja u pet faza koji su pripremili OPS-i kako bi se izbjegli nestanci struje kada je sustav preopterećen.
Hence if the network charges of baseload consumers would be calculated on the basis of the network charge methodology using the simultaneity function, they would again be overestimated
Plan je opisan u Zakoniku o prijenosu iz 2007.
The Commission therefore considers that the possibility provided for in Paragraph 24 of the EnWG 2011 to determine individual network charges for atypical users such as baseload consumers is in line with the principle of cost-causality and non-discrimination.
(Pravila njemačkih operatera prijenosnih sustava za mrežu i sustav).
It must be regarded as an integral part of the reference system as it serves as a corrective to take into account the network costs actually caused by atypical network users such as baseload consumers.
Osim toga, tvrde i da bi do rasterećenja došlo izvan ugovornog odnosa i bez naknade te da se potpunim izuzećem nadoknađuje njihov doprinos sigurnosti opskrbe.
The Commission also considers that the provision according to which the individual network charges paid by atypical network users cannot go below 20 % of the published network charges forms an integral part of the rules governing individual network charges under the StromNEV.
Usto, nema nikakve korelacije između potpunog izuzeća i rasterećenja jer uključivanje u plan rasterećenja u pet faza nije zahtjev kako bi poduzetnik mogao biti kandidat za potpuno izuzeće.
First, this minimum contribution has continuously been a requirement as regards the group of atypical network users addressed in the first sentence of Paragraph 19(2) of the StromNEV and was in particular applicable in the period 2011 to 2013 (see recital 21 of this Decision).
Zainteresirane strane u tom pogledu priznaju da se njihovom stabilnom potrošnjom samo povećava vjerojatnost uključivanja u plan.
Second, it also applied to baseload consumers under the StromNEV 2010 (see recital 20 of this Decision).
U plan se mogu uključiti i potrošači koji nisu potrošači baznog opterećenja.
And finally, the minimum contribution network charge of 20 % for atypical end users such as baseload consumers corresponds – as Germany has explained (see recital 20) – to a safety net that ensures that atypical consumers contribute to a minimum to remunerating the benefit that derives from being connected to the network.
Konkretno, u plan rasterećenja u pet faza morat će se uključiti i potrošači koji nisu potrošači baznog opterećenja.
Specifically as regards baseload consumers, the minimum contribution of 20 % also takes into account that the physical path methodology, while mirroring closely the network costs caused by baseload consumers, still implies a certain approximation.
U njemu je predviđeno opterećenje sustava od 35 % do 50 % (nakon rasterećenja pumpi).
Deviation from the reference system
Na temelju informacija koje je dostavila Njemačka korisnici potpunog izuzeća ukupno bi dosegli vršno opterećenje od oko 3,5 GW, što je oko 4,2 % vršne potražnje u Njemačkoj 2013..
However, the Commission considers that the full exemption introduced by the Law of 26 July 2011 is at odds with the concept of individual network charges set out in point 3 of the first sentence of Paragraph 24 of the EnWG 2011 pursuant to which atypical forms of network use might be subject to individual network charges.
Stoga bi, čak i pod pretpostavkom da je izuzeće naknada za uključivanje u plan u pet faza, ono bilo selektivna prednost jer bi bilo ograničeno na potrošače baznog opterećenja i nedostupno svim ostalim potrošačima koji su isto tako dio plana rasterećenja u pet faza.
The cost-causality principle and the principle that network charges should be proportionate and non-discriminatory imply that network charges are determined based on the individual network costs attributable to a given network user.
Naposljetku, neke zainteresirane strane ukazale su na to bi potrošači baznog opterećenja trebali ispuniti posebne tehničke specifikacije pri priključivanju na mrežu i da bi, kako bi ispunili te specifikacije, trebali uložiti sredstva u uređaje koji poboljšavaju stabilnost mreže jer isporučuju jalovu snagu, a ne primaju naknadu za to.
The full exemption from network charges would therefore be in line with those principles only if it were demonstrated that baseload consumers do not cause any network costs.
No primjećuje se da se potpuno izuzeće ne može smatrati naknadom za tu navodnu uslugu koju bi operater tržišnog gospodarstva inače platio.
This has however not been demonstrated.
Situacija koju su opisale zainteresirane strane doista nije usluga koju bi mrežni operateri kupili.
On the contrary, baseload consumers do cause network costs in particular when they are being newly connected to an existing network given that their connection might necessitate an increase of the capacity of such a network.
Riječ je o tehničkoj specifikaciji koju potrošači moraju ispuniti kako bi mogli biti priključeni na mrežu.
Likewise, where a network has not yet been built, it would need to be dimensioned so as to satisfy at least the demand of baseload consumers.
Konkretno, oni moraju osigurati da je njihov faktor pomaka uvijek između -0,9 i +0,9.
This has also been recognized by German regional courts and the Federal Court of Justice.
Da bi to postigao, potrošač bi ovisno o okolnostima trebao uložiti sredstva u posebnu opremu koja osigurava zadržavanje faktora pomaka unutar propisanih vrijednosti.
They have explicitly concluded that the full exemption was contrary to Paragraph 24 of the EnWG 2011 (see recitals 52 and 52 of this Decision).
To se ne može smatrati uslugom za mrežu jer je riječ o mjeri za sprječavanje većih poremećaja u mreži.
It must further be observed that the other category of atypical network users referred to in the first sentence of Paragraph 19(2) of the StromNEV continued to be subject to individual network charges calculated on the basis of their individual load profile during the years 2011 to 2013 (see recital 21 of this Decision).
Kada potrošači, uključujući potrošače baznog opterećenja, ne bi ispunjavali tu tehničku specifikaciju, bili bi odgovorni za znatne naponske poremećaje u mreži.
The full exemption for baseload consumers therefore introduced a discrimination against both other groups of atypical network users that were still subject to individual network charges and all other end users given that the full exemption deviates from the principle of cost causality and proportionality of network charges.
Zainteresirane strane same su priznale da je ta specifikacija potrebna kako bi se osiguralo sigurno upravljanje mrežom.
It is noted that before the full exemption introduced from 2011 baseload consumers were subject to individual network charges that had to be determined so as to take into account the reduction of network costs or the mitigation of increases in network costs that were due to baseload consumers.
Osim toga, tehničke specifikacije primjenjuju se na sve potrošače koji zatraže priključenje na predmetnu mrežu, a ne samo na potrošače baznog opterećenja, tako da bi, čak i da se može smatrati „naknadom” (što ovdje nije slučaj), izuzeće i dalje bilo selektivna prednost jer bi bilo ograničeno na potrošače baznog opterećenja i nedostupno svim ostalim potrošačima koji moraju ispuniti isti zahtjev.
Those individual network charges might however not be lower than 20 % of the published network charges.
POSTOJANJE SELEKTIVNE PREDNOSTI
In order to calculate those costs, the BNetzA had defined the physical path methodology (see recital 19).
Zainteresirane strane i Njemačka tvrdile su da potpuno izuzeće nije selektivna prednost jer je izuzeće opravdano s obzirom na njegovu prirodu i logiku sustava naknada za upotrebu mreže u Njemačkoj.
The Commission considers that this methodology is a reliable methodology to approximate the costs caused by baseload consumers in the period 2011 to 2013 given the characteristics of the electricity system at that time.
Naglasile su da se njemački sustav naknada za upotrebu mreže temelji na stvarnom trošku, no da su potrošnja i obrazac opterećenja potrošača baznog opterećenja znatno drukčiji u usporedbi s tipičnim korisnicima mreže, čiji su potrošnja i opterećenje promjenjivi i nepredvidljivi.
Indeed, this methodology determines the network charges based on the costs that can be attributed to the baseload consumer, that is to say the capital costs and fixed operating costs related to the part of the network that connects the baseload consumer to the nearest baseload power plant that can de facto cover its entire demand.
Potrošači baznog opterećenja pridonijeli su smanjenju brojnih troškova mreže i to je opravdalo potpuno izuzeće.
While it is true that this method leads – as one interested party has criticized — to differentiated network charges depending to the location of the baseload consumer on the network, this is precisely the point of individual network charges, namely to verify the costs caused to the network by each baseload consumer individually.
Potpuno izuzeće može biti državna potpora samo ako je prednost dodijeljena potrošačima baznog opterećenja selektivna.
If a baseload consumer is further away from a baseload power plant, it also means that he will be using a much large portion of the network to have the electricity transported from the power plant that is able to de facto cover its demand.
Kako bi se utvrdilo je li prednost selektivna, Komisija mora pokazati da se mjerom uvodi razlika između gospodarskih subjekata koji su s obzirom na cilj utvrđenog referentnog sustava u usporedivoj činjeničnoj i pravnoj situaciji te da se ta razlika ne može opravdati prirodom ili općom strukturom referentnog sustava.
Also the fact that the physical path is calculated by reference to a power plant covering the entire demand of the baseload consumer is justified.
Kako bi se provjerilo je li u okviru mjerodavnog pravnog sustava potpunim izuzećem dana selektivna prednost određenim poduzetnicima u usporedbi s drugima koji su s obzirom na cilj tog sustava u usporedivoj činjeničnoj i pravnoj situaciji, prvo treba odrediti referentni okvir kojemu pripada predmetna mjera.
If the power plant were to cover only part of the demand of the baseload consumer, it would imply that he is using again several parts of the network in order to cover his demand and is thus also responsible for higher network costs.
Referentni sustav
As to the fact that the physical path methodology would not accept hydropower plants as baseload power plants, it is noted that the 2010 guidance paper of of the BNetzA referred to under recital 19 above accepts hydro power plants as baseload power plants.
Komisija se slaže da je za potrebe ove Odluke mjerodavan referentni pravni okvir njemački sustav naknada za upotrebu mreže.
In addition, the physical path methodology also takes into account network losses and any network services that the baseload consumer has been using, if any.
Taj sustav naknada za upotrebu mreže temelji se na načelu da se naknade za upotrebu mreže moraju temeljiti na troškovima i biti nediskriminirajuće.
The adequacy of the physical path methodology to determine the network costs caused by baseload consumers has notably been confirmed by the Federal Court of Justice in 2016.
U članku 21.
The Commission considers thus that a different treatment of atypical users (i.e. non-peak consumers and baseload consumers) compared to the other network users is an integral part of the reference system and expressed in its structure, as long as it is based on the concept of individual network costs attributable to a given network user.
EnWG-a utvrđuje se načelo prema kojemu naknade za upotrebu mreže moraju biti proporcionalne („angemessen”), nediskriminirajuće i transparentne (vidjeti uvodnu izjavu 7. ove Odluke).
The full exemption in force between 2011 and 2013 however deviates from the determination of individual network charges applicable to atypical users given that the full exemption does not rest on an individual determination of the costs caused by the caseload consumer.
Načelo stvarnog troška ugrađeno je u članak 16.
Although both non-peak consumers and baseload consumers are in light of the objective of the network charge system, in a comparable factual and legal situation (they are atypical users for which the published network charges would between 2011-2013 not have led to cost-reflective network charges) they were treated differently.
StromNEV-a i neizravno navedeno u članku 3.
In addition, the full exemption also deviates from the reference system in that it does not require the baseload consumer to pay at least 20 % of the published network charges as required for other atypical users, namely the non-peak consumers.
StromNEV-a u kojem se navodi da su naknade za upotrebu mreže istovjetne plaćanju za upotrebu mreža.
This difference in treatment corresponds to a discrimination given that there is no reason why baseload consumers should be exempted from that requirement.
U StromNEV-u se utvrđuju detaljna pravila o metodologiji izračuna naknada za upotrebu mreže tako da odražavaju troškove.
In particular, there is no reason why individual network charges for non-peak consumers should be subject to a safety net while baseload consumers would not, knowing that also baseload consumers – like non-peak consumers benefit from being connected to the network.
Člankom 24.
Also, the individual network charges calculated by using the physical path methodology will imply a certain approximation.
EnWG-a iz 2011. savezna vlada ovlašćuje se da pravilnikom utvrdi metodologiju izračuna naknada za upotrebu mreže.
No justification in the nature and logic of the network charge system
Kako je navedeno u uvodnoj izjavi 7. ove Odluke, u članku 24.
The concept of aid does not encompass measures creating different treatment of undertakings in relation to charges where that difference is attributable to the nature and general scheme of the system of charges in question.
EnWG-a uvodi se razlika između općih korisnika i netipičnih korisnika mreže kojima se može naplatiti pojedinačna naknada za upotrebu mreže.
The burden of proof for that latter part of the test is on the Member State.
StromNEV-om se provodi ta razlika, a u njemu se navode dvije vrste metodologija, metodologija koja se primjenjuje na tipične korisnike mreže (članci 15., 16. i 17.
It is observed that Germany has not put forward any element showing that the full exemption would be justified by the nature and general scheme of the network charge system in Germany.
StromNEV-a) i metodologija koja se primjenjuje na netipične korisnike mreže (vidjeti uvodne izjave od 17. do 20. ove Odluke).
It has put forward that the full exemption could help ensuring security of supply by securing the existence of conventional power plants needed to ensure security of supply and could also help facilitating the promotion of renewable electricity.
U člancima 15., 16. i 17.
Those objectives, however, are external to network charges and must therefore be examined under the compatibility assessment in line with the case law of the Court (see section 3.3.1).
StromNEV-a utvrđena je opća metoda izračuna naknada za upotrebu mreže.
Conclusion
Ta metodologija opisana je u uvodnim izjavama 10. i 14. ove Odluke.
The full exemption cannot be justified by the logic of the network charges in Germany to the extent that it goes beyond a reduction of the published network charges reflecting the contribution of baseload consumers to cost savings or the avoidance of costs.
Konkretno, funkcijom istodobnosti opisanom u članku 16. stavku 2.
The full exemption notably constitutes an unjustified deviation from the reference system as it exempts the baseload consumers from the costs that the reference system would allocate to them, that is to say the individual network costs calculated on the basis of the physical path methodology and which cannot go below 20 % of the published network charges.
StromNEV-a i Prilogu 4.
The Commission therefore concludes that insofar as baseload consumers were exempted from paying network charges going beyond the network costs caused by their consumption or, where those costs amounted to less than the minimum contribution of 20 % of the published network charges, were exempted from that minimum contribution, the exemption is not within the logic of the reference system, and does confer a selective advantage.
StromNEV-u predviđa se raspodjela troškova mreže pojedinim korisnicima mreže prema vjerojatnosti da će potrošnja električne energije svakog pojedinačnog korisnika pridonijeti godišnjem vršnom opterećenju.
IMPUTABILITY
Njemačka je tvrdila da je u sustavu u kojemu električna energija teče odozgo prema dolje element godišnjeg opterećenja jedan od glavnih faktora koji utječu na trošak mreže.
The full exemption has been provided by Article 7 of the Law of 26 July 2011 (see recital 21 of this Decision), and has been implemented by administrative acts confirming the exemption requests (see recitals 24 of this Decision).
Konkretno, troškove povezane s uravnoteženjem iznenadnih promjena u potražnji nisu prouzročili potrošači baznog opterećenja jer je njihova potrošnja predvidljiva i znatno stabilnija.
It is therefore imputable to the State.
Prethodno se odnosi i na mjere koje se moraju poduzeti kako bi se zadržala frekvencija mreže unatoč promjenama u opterećenju.
Also the Paragraph 19-surcharge that financed the exemption is imputable to the State.
Istina je da potrošači baznog opterećenja, baš kao i svi drugi korisnici mreže, pridonose vršnom opterećenju koje je važno za projektiranje mreže i stoga su jedan od čimbenika koji stvaraju troškove mreže.
First, the Paragraph 19-surcharge was provided for by Article 7 of the Law of 26 July 2011 (see recital 21 of this Decision) and was further implemented by the BNetzA, a government agency (see section 2.4.2 and footnote 22 of this Decision).
No to nije relevantno za dodjelu drugih troškova mreže (na primjer, troškova povezanih s rezervama potrebnima za opskrbu energijom uravnoteženja).
The fact that the calculation of the charge is carried out by private entities mandated by law to do so does not affect that conclusion, because those private entities – the TSO – have no margin of discretion when carrying out that task, and have been mandated by the State to carry out that task, as part of their entrustment pursuant to Paragraph 19(2) of the StromNEV 2011 as TSO.
Da svi korisnici mreže imaju nepredvidljiv i promjenjiv obrazac potrošnje, bilo bi razumno raspodijeliti te troškove prema istom ključu za raspodjelu, tj. proporcionalno njihovu doprinosu vršnom opterećenju.
Furthermore, the BNetzA has the normal supervisory powers over the TSO, and can address binding decisions to the TSO, if they fail to comply with their obligations (Paragraphs 29 and 54 of the EnWG 2011).
No potrošači baznog opterećenja imaju predvidljiv i znatno stabilniji obrazac opterećenja.
Finally, for the year 2012, the BNetzA directly determined which total amount had to be compensated from the Paragraph 19-surcharge (see recital 37 of this Decision).
S obzirom na energetsku mješavinu potrošači baznog opterećenja stvorili su od 2011. do 2013. znatno manju potrebu za uslugama sustava od drugih korisnika mreže.
EXISTENCE OF STATE RESOURCES
Stoga se u sustavu naknada za upotrebu mreže koji se temelji na načelu stvarnog troška potrošačima baznog opterećenja ne mogu dodijeliti troškovi za usluge sustava koje im nisu potrebne primjenom istog ključa koji se primjenjuje na korisnike mreže s promjenjivim i nepredvidljivim opterećenjem.
For selective advantages to amount to aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty, they must be granted directly or indirectly through State resources.
Osim toga, u metodologiji izračuna koja se temelji na funkciji istodobnosti ne uzimaju se u obzir ekonomije razmjera.
The concept of ‘intervention through State resources’ covers not only advantages which are granted directly by the State but also ‘those granted through a public or private body appointed or established by that State to administer the aid’.
Kada se mreža neprekidno upotrebljava do svojeg punog kapaciteta, jedinični troškovi znatno su niži nego kada istu tu mrežu upotrebljavaju potrošači s promjenjivom potrošnjom s vremena na vrijeme do njezina punog kapaciteta, no uglavnom samo do 30 % njezina kapaciteta.
In this sense, Article 107(1) of the Treaty covers all the financial means by which the public authorities may actually support undertakings, irrespective of whether or not those means are permanent assets of the public sector.
Naposljetku, zbog opće promjenjivosti i nepredvidljivosti potrošnje korisnika mrežni operateri moraju pri projektiranju mreže uzeti u obzir faktor sigurnosti.
The mere fact that the advantage is not financed directly from the State budget is not sufficient to exclude that State resources are involved.
Faktor istodobnosti izražava samo vjerojatnost potrošnje predmetnog potrošača u trenutku vršnog opterećenja, no ne može je i jamčiti.
It results from the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union that it is not necessary to establish in every case that there has been a transfer of money from the budget or from a public entity for the advantage granted to one or more undertakings to be capable of being regarded as a State aid within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty.
No taj faktor sigurnosti nije potreban u istoj mjeri, ili čak uopće, za potrošače baznog opterećenja.
The private nature of the resources does not prevent them from being regarded as State resources within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty.
Zbog toga bi se ponovno precijenile naknade za upotrebu mreže potrošača baznog opterećenja kada bi se one računale primjenom metodologije za izračun naknada na temelju funkcije istodobnosti.
This was also recalled in the ruling France v Commission ruling where the General Court concluded that the relevant criterion for assessing whether the resources are public, regardless their initial origin, is the degree of intervention of the public authority in the definition of the measures in question and their methods of financing.
Komisija stoga smatra da je mogućnost utvrđivanja pojedinačnih naknada za upotrebu mreže za netipične korisnike kao što su potrošači baznog opterećenja, koja je predviđena člankom 24.
Hence, the mere fact that a subsidy scheme benefiting certain economic operators in a given sector is wholly or partially financed by contributions imposed by the public authorities and levied on certain undertakings is not sufficient to take away from that scheme its status of aid granted by the State within the meaning of Article 107(1) of the Treaty.
EnWG-a iz 2011., u skladu s načelom stvarnog troška i nediskriminacije.
Equally, the fact that the resources would at no moment be the property of the State does not exclude that the resources might constitute State resources, if they are under the control of the State.
Ona se mora smatrati sastavnim dijelom referentnog sustava jer služi kao korektivna mjera kako bi se uzeli u obzir troškovi mreže koje su stvarno prouzročili netipični korisnici mreže kao što su potrošači baznog opterećenja.