natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Land use rights (LUR)
Nadalje, kineska vlada tvrdila je da se Komisija umjesto konkretnim činjenicama na kojima se temelji predmet služila nalazima iz prethodnih ispitnih postupaka kako bi utvrdila jesu li tržišne cijene narušene vladinom intervencijom.
All land in the PRC is either owned by the State or by a collective, constituted of either villages or townships, before the land's legal or equitable title may be patented or granted to corporate or individual owners.
Komisija napominje da se koristila konkretnim činjenicama predmeta, kao što je opisano u prethodnim uvodnim izjavama od (287) do (288), što je potkrijepilo zaključak Komisije da su nalazi prethodnih ispitnih postupaka i dalje valjani.
All parcels of land in urbanized areas are owned by the State and all parcels of land in rural areas are owned by the villages or townships therein.
Društvo Benxi Group tvrdilo je da bi Komisija trebala prihvatiti cijene zemljišta u kontinentalnoj Kini jer smatra da je platilo razumnu cijenu koja odražava stvarnu vrijednost zemljišta.
Pursuant to the constitutional law of the PRC and the Land Law, companies and individuals may however purchase ‘land use rights’.
Međutim, društvo nije dostavilo nove dokaze koji bi promijenili ocjenu Komisije.
For industrial land, the leasehold is normally 50 years, renewable for a further 50 years.
Tvrdnja je stoga odbačena.
According to the GOC, since 31 August 2006, by Article 5 of the State Council's Notice regarding Strengthening Regulation of Land (GF[2006] No.31), title to industrial land can only be granted from the State to industrial enterprises through bidding or a similar public offering process whereby the final deal price must not be lower than the minimal bidding price.
Kineska vlada također je tvrdila da povrat sredstava koji se odnosi na radove što ih obavlja društvo za osnovnu infrastrukturu ne predstavlja subvencije jer je to uobičajena zadaća lokalnih vlasti.
The GOC considers that there is a free market for land in the PRC, and that the price paid by an industrial enterprise for the leasehold title of the land reflects the market price.
Međutim, člankom 3. stavkom 1. točkom iii. osnovne Uredbe iz pojma subvencije izuzima se samo opća infrastruktura.
Legal basis
Pružanje infrastrukturnih usluga namijenjenih isključivoj uporabi trgovačkog društva ili njegovih klijenata, kao što su privatne ceste ili druge komunalije, popunjavanje rupa, drugi radovi kako bi zemljišna čestica bila spremna za gradnju tvornice, ne smatra se općom infrastrukturom koju osigurava država.
The land-use right provision in China falls under Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China.
Naprotiv, riječ je o namjenskoj infrastrukturi društva koja ne bi bila izgrađena da društvo nema poslovni nastan na konkretnoj zemljišnoj čestici.
In addition, the following documents also are part of the legal basis:
Komisija je stoga odbacila tu tvrdnju.
Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban Real Estate Administration;
Zaključak
Interim Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning the Assignment and Transfer of the Right to the Use of the State-owned Land in the Urban Areas;
Stanje u pogledu ustupanja i kupnje zemljišta u NRK-u netransparentno je te nadležna tijela proizvoljno određuju cijene.
Regulation on the Implementation of the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China;
U skladu s navedenim, davanje prava korištenja zemljištem koje osigurava kineska vlada trebalo bi smatrati subvencijom u smislu članka 3. stavka 1. točke (a) podtočke iii. i članka 3. stavka 2.
Provision on Assignment of State-owned Construction Land Use Right through Bid Invitation, Auction and Quotation;
Osnovne uredbe u obliku davanja robe na temelju kojeg društva primatelji ostvaruju korist.
State Council's Notice regarding Strengthening Regulation of Land (Guo Fa [2006] No.31).
Kako je prethodno objašnjeno u uvodnim izjavama od (285). do (289)., u NRK-u ne postoji funkcionalno tržište zemljišta, a na temelju primjene vanjske referentne vrijednosti (vidjeti uvodne izjave od (300). do (311). u nastavku) može se zaključiti da je iznos koji proizvođači izvoznici u uzorku plaćaju za prava korištenja zemljištem daleko niži od uobičajene tržišne cijene.
Findings of the investigation
U kontekstu povlaštenog pristupa industrijskom zemljištu za društva koja pripadaju određenim industrijama Komisija napominje da se kod cijene koju određuju lokalne vlasti mora uzeti u obzir vladina industrijska politika, kako je prethodno navedeno u uvodnoj izjavi (285).
According to Article 10 of the ‘Provision on Assignment of State-owned Construction Land Use Right through Bid Invitation, Auction and Quotation’, local Authorities set land prices according to the urban land evaluation system, which is only updated every three years, and the government's industrial policy.
U okviru te industrijske politike industriju čelika smatra se stupom kineske industrije i ona je uvrštena među poticane industrije.
In previous investigations, the Commission found that prices paid for LUR in the PRC are not representative of a market price determined by free market supply and demand, since the bidding or public offering process was found to be unclear, non-transparent and not functioning in practice, and prices were found to be arbitrarily set by the authorities.
Osim toga, Odlukom br. 40 Državnog vijeća zahtijeva se da javna tijela osiguraju ustupanje zemljišta poticanim industrijama.
As mentioned in the previous recital, the authorities set the prices according to the Urban Land Evaluation System which instructs them among other criteria to consider also industrial policy when setting the price of industrial land.
U članku 18.
Also, at least in the steel sector, the access to industrial land is by law limited only to companies respecting the industrial policies set by the State [41].
Odluke br. 40 jasno se navodi da industrije koje su „ograničene” neće imati pristup zemljištu.
The current investigation did not show any noticeable changes in this respect.
Iz toga slijedi da je subvencija specifična u skladu s člankom 4. stavkom 2. točkama (a) i (c) Osnovne uredbe jer je povlašteno davanje zemljišta ograničeno na poduzeća koja pripadaju određenim industrijama, u ovom slučaju sektoru čelika, a vladina praksa u tom području nejasna i netransparentna.
For instance, the Commission found that none of the sampled exporting producers had gone through bidding or a similar public offering process for any of its land use rights, not even for the land use rights obtained recently.
Nakon objave kineska vlada tvrdila je da Komisijin zaključak o specifičnosti nije relevantan ako u Kini nema funkcionalnog tržišta zemljišta jer bi u tom slučaju sva društva u Kini imala istu početnu i prodajnu cijenu za isti paket prava korištenja zemljištem.
Land use rights held by the sampled companies from before the year 2000 were usually allocated to the company free of charge.
Osim toga, kineska vlada smatra da ocjena specifičnosti nije bila dovoljno obrazložena jer se u njoj samo uputilo na industriju čelika kao na poticanu industriju.
More recent plots of land have been allocated by local authorities at negotiated prices.
Komisija je smatrala da postojanje nefunkcionalnog tržišta u Kini ne isključuje nužno zaključak o specifičnosti unutar tog tržišta.
The Commission also found that companies in the Shougang Group received refunds from local authorities to compensate for the prices which they paid for the LURs, for example for works done by the company itself as regards basic infrastructure on the land.
Naime, činjenica da su društva u uzorku besplatno dobila prava na korištenje zemljištem pokazuje da su dobila specifični povlašteni tretman.
Furthermore, some of the land use rights obtained by companies in the Shougang Group only had to be paid several years after the land had been put into use.
S druge strane, činjenica da neka društva dobivaju dodatni povlašteni tretman odvojena je od načina na koji funkcionira tržište u cjelini.
The above evidence contradicts the claims of the GOC that the prices paid for LUR in the PRC are representative of a market price which is determined by free market supply and demand.
Prikupljenim dokazima u trgovačkim društvima u uzorku također je potvrđeno da je „poticanje” koje se navodi u pravnoj osnovi primijenjeno u praksi.
Following disclosure, the GOC claimed that there is also a dynamic land monitoring system in addition to the urban land monitoring system, and that this was acknowledged in the Commission's expiry review on Solar Panels originating in the People's Republic of China.
Stoga Komisija zadržava svoj zaključak da je ova subvencija specifična i da se slijedom toga smatra subvencijom protiv koje se mogu uvesti kompenzacijske mjere.
The Commission acknowledged that the dynamic land monitoring system was indeed analysed in the Solar Panels expiry review regulation.
Izračun iznosa subvencije
In recitals 421 and 425 thereof, the Commission had found that these prices are higher than the minimum benchmark prices set by the urban land evaluation system and used by local governments, because the latter are updated only every three years, while the dynamic monitoring prices are updated quarterly.
Kao i u prethodnim ispitnim postupcima [43] te u skladu s člankom 6. točkom (d) podtočkom ii.
However, there was no indication of land prices being based on the dynamic monitoring prices.
Osnovne uredbe, kao vanjska referentna vrijednost [44] upotrijebljene su cijene Posebnog carinskog područja Tajvana, Penghua, Kinmena i Matsua („Kineski Taipei” ili „Tajvan”).
In fact, the GOC had confirmed during the investigation on solar panels that the urban land price dynamic monitoring system monitors the fluctuations of the price levels of land in certain areas (i.e. 105 cities) in the PRC and is designed to assess the evolution of land prices.
Korist koju su primatelji ostvarili izračunava se uzimajući u obzir razliku između stvarnog iznosa koji je za prava korištenja zemljištem platio svaki proizvođač izvoznik u uzorku (umanjenog, prema potrebi za iznos povrata/bespovratnih sredstava lokalne samouprave) i iznosa koji bi obično bio plaćen na temelju tajvanske referentne vrijednosti.
However, the starting prices in biddings and auctions were based on the benchmarks established by the land evaluation system.
Komisija smatra Kineski Taipei primjerenim vanjskim referentnim mjerilom zbog sljedećih razloga:
In addition, in this case, the sampled groups of companies received their plots of land for free or through allocation.
usporedive razine gospodarskog razvoja, BDP-a i gospodarske strukture Kineskog Taipeija i većine kineskih pokrajina i gradova u NRK-u u kojima proizvođači izvoznici u uzorku imaju poslovni nastan,
Therefore, the fact that the latter system existed is irrelevant since it did not apply to the sampled companies.
prostorne blizine NRK-a i Kineskog Taipeija,
The GOC also claimed that the fact that land had been allocated at negotiated prices did not reflect the absence of fair competition or the fact that companies paid prices below the normal market rate.
visokog stupnja industrijske infrastrukture i u Kineskom Taipeiju i u mnogim pokrajinama NRK-a,
However, neither the GOC nor the sampled companies provided any new evidence that the prices paid for allocated land were based on market prices.
jakih gospodarskih veza i prekogranične trgovine između Kineskog Taipeija i NRK-a,
Furthermore, the GOC claimed that the Commission referred to findings of previous investigations to establish whether market prices are distorted as a result of government intervention, instead of using the particular facts underlying the case.
visoke gustoće naseljenosti u mnogim pokrajinama NRK-a i u Kineskom Taipeiju,
The Commission notes that it did use the particular facts of the case, as described in recitals (287) to (288) above, which supported the Commission's conclusion that the findings of previous investigations were still valid.
sličnosti vrste zemljišta i transakcija koje se rabe za izračun relevantnog referentnog mjerila u Kineskom Taipeiju i istih elemenata u NRK-u, i
The Benxi Group also claimed that the Commission should accept the land price in mainland China, as the company considered that it had paid a reasonable price reflecting the real value of the land.
zajedničkih demografskih, jezičnih i kulturnih obilježja Kineskog Taipeija i NRK-a.
However, the company did not provide any new evidence which would change the Commission's assessment.
Na temelju metodologije primijenjene u prethodnim ispitnim postupcima, Komisija je upotrijebila prosječnu cijenu kvadratnog metra zemljišta utvrđenu na Tajvanu i usklađenu za deprecijaciju valute i promjenu BDP-a od dana sklapanja predmetnih ugovora o pravu korištenja zemljištem.
The claim was therefore rejected.
Podaci o cijenama industrijskog zemljišta preuzeti su s web-mjesta Ureda za industriju pri Ministarstvu gospodarstva Tajvana.
The GOC also argued that refunds concerning works done by the company for basic infrastructure did not constitute subsidies as this is normally a task for the local government.
Deprecijacija valute i promjena BDP-a za Tajvan izračunani su na temelju stopa inflacije i razvoja BDP-a po stanovniku po tekućim cijenama u američkim dolarima za Tajvan prema podacima MMF-a za 2015.
However, Article 3 (1) (iii) of the basic Regulation only exempts general infrastructure from the notion of a subsidy.
Nakon objave kineska vlada izjavila je da je iz sljedeća dva razloga Komisija morala koristiti domaću umjesto vanjske referentne vrijednosti za izračun iznosa navodne subvencije: prvo, ako se smatra da je navodna subvencija specifična za industriju čelika, tada bi trebalo upotrijebiti cijene prava korištenja zemljište društava iz drugih sektora.
Infrastructure services dedicated to the exclusive use of a company or its clients, such as private roads or other utilities, filling holes, other works in order to render the land slot ready for building a factory is not a general infrastructure to be provided by the State.
U suprotnome, trebalo je upotrijebiti cijene iz dinamičkog sustava praćenja zemljišta.
Rather, it is a company dedicated infrastructure which would not have been built unless the company were to be established in a particular land slot.
Na prvu je točku već odgovoreno: činjenica da neka društva dobivaju dodatni povlašteni tretman odvojena je funkcioniranja tržišta kao cjeline, a Komisija je utvrdila da tržište kao cjelina ne funkcionira.
The Commission therefore rejected this claim.
U vezi s uporabom dinamičkog sustava praćenja kao referentne vrijednosti, Komisija je istaknula da je on namijenjen praćenju kretanja cijena zemljišta u određenim područjima.
Conclusion
Kao takav, on je samo odraz cijena plaćenih za prava korištenja zemljištem u Kini, a kako je prethodno navedeno, one se ne smatraju tržišnima.
The situation concerning land provision and acquisition in the PRC is non-transparent and the prices are arbitrarily set by the authorities.
I društvo Benxi Group uložilo je prigovor na upotrebu cijena zemljišta u Kineskom Taipeiju kao referentne vrijednosti zbog sljedećih razloga: Benxi je smješten u slabije razvijenom području pokrajine Liaoning, s mnogo manjom usporedivom gustoćom naseljenosti i ponudom zemljišta te manjim BDP-om nego u Kineskom Taipeiju.
Accordingly, the provision of land-use rights by the GOC should be considered a subsidy within the meaning of Article 3(1)(a)(iii) and Article 3(2) of the basic Regulation in the form of provision of goods which confers a benefit upon the recipient companies.
Nadalje, Benxi Group ima dugu tradiciju korištenja zemljištem i ulaže u stvaranje zemljišta i gradnju za dugotrajno korištenje.
As explained in recitals (285) to (289) above, there is no functioning market for land in the PRC and the use of an external benchmark (see recitals (300) to (311) below) demonstrates that the amount paid for land-use rights by the sampled exporting producers is well below the normal market rate.
Stoga se cijene znatno razlikuju.
In the context of preferential access to industrial land for companies belonging to certain industries, the Commission notes that the price set by local authorities has to take into account the government's industrial policy, as mentioned above in recital (285).
Konačno, društvo je tvrdilo da cijena vlasništva nad zemljištem nije usporediva s cijenom prava korištenja zemljištem.
Within this industrial policy, the steel industry is considered to be a pillar of the Chinese industry, and is listed as an encouraged industry.
Prvo, Komisija se ne slaže s ocjenom pokrajine Liaoning u pogledu tog društva.
In addition, Decision No. 40 of the State Council requires that public authorities ensure that land is provided to encouraged industries.
Prema javno dostupnim informacijama [45], Liaoning je bio jedna od prvih kineskih industrijaliziranih pokrajina.
Article 18 of Decision No. 40 makes clear that industries that are ‘restricted’ will not have access to land use rights.
Pokrajina Liaoning ima najveće gospodarstvo sjeveroistočne Kine.
It follows that the subsidy is specific under Article 4(2)(a) and 4(2)(c) of the basic Regulation because the preferential provision of land is limited to companies belonging to certain industries, in this case the steel sector, and government practices in this area are unclear and non- transparent.
Njegov nominalni BDP-a za 2011. bio je 7. po veličini u Kini (od 31 pokrajine).
Following disclosure, the GOC argued that the specificity finding of the Commission is moot if there is no functioning market for land in China, since in that case, all companies in China would have the same starting and sales price for the same parcel of LUR.
Iako mu je BDP niži od BDP-a u Tajvanu, Liaoning je 2008. bio regija s najvećim rastom BDP-a u skupini G8x8, osam pokrajina ili država ispod nacionalne razine s najvećim BDP-om od osam zemalja s najvišim BDP-om.
In addition, the GOC considered that the assessment on specificity was not sufficiently reasoned, because it only referred to steel as an encouraged industry.
Liaoning je u 2009. održao svoju stopu rasta BDP-a od 13,1 % i svoj položaj pokrajine s najvećim gospodarskim rastom.
The Commission considered that the existence of a non-functioning market in China does not necessarily preclude a specificity finding within this market.
Gospodarski rast odonda je usporen, a u 2015. gospodarstvo je i dalje raslo 3 %.
Indeed, the fact that the sampled companies received land use rights for free shows that they received a specific preferential treatment.
Na nacionalnoj razini, Liaoning je jedan od glavnih proizvođača sirovog željeza, čelika i alatnih strojeva za rezanje kovina, i proizvodnja svega svakog od njih među tri je vodeće u toj državi.
On the other hand, the fact that some companies are receiving an additional preferential treatment is separate from the way in which the market as a whole is functioning.
Liaoning je i jedno od najvažnijih sjedišta proizvodnje sirovina u Kini.
The evidence collected in the sampled companies also confirmed that the ‘encouragement’ referred to in the legal basis was applied in practice.
Drugo, činjenicu da su neka prava na dugoročno korištenje zemljištem bila stečena u dalekoj prošlosti Komisija je već uzela u obzir pri izračunu iznosa te koristi: referentna vrijednost prilagođena je tako da je uzet u obzir razvoj BDP-a i inflacije kako bi se odražavale promjene tijekom duljeg razdoblja.
Therefore, the Commission maintained its conclusion that this subsidy is specific and that, consequently, this subsidy is considered countervailable.
Treće, što se tiče razlika u cijeni između vlasništva nad zemljištem i prava korištenja zemljištem, kineska društva ne računaju prava korištenja zemljištem kao najam nego kao nematerijalnu imovinu, tj. prava korištenja zemljištem tretiraju na isti način na koji društva u drugim zemljama tretiraju kupljeno zemljište.
Calculation of the subsidy amount
Čini se da ni ta društva ne razlikuju vlasništvo nad zemljištem od prava na korištenje zemljištem.
As in previous investigations [43] and in accordance with Article 6(d)(ii) of the basic Regulation, land prices from the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu (‘Chinese Taipei’ or ‘Taiwan’) were used as an external benchmark [44].
Stoga su tvrdnje društva Benxi Group o pravu korištenja zemljištem odbačene.
The benefit conferred on the recipients is calculated by taking into consideration the difference between the amount actually paid by each of the sampled exporting producers (i.e., the actual price paid as stated in the contract and, when applicable, the price stated in the contract reduced by the amount of local government refunds/grants) for land use rights and the amount that should normally have been paid on the basis of the Chinese Taipei benchmark.
Nakon objave društvo Shougang Group tvrdilo je da je zemljište kojim se koristi jedan od njegovih proizvođača izdvojeno iz mora.
The Commission considers Chinese Taipei as a suitable external benchmark for the following reasons:
Kao takav, privremeno je izuzeto od poreza na korištenje zemljištem jer se smatra manje vrijednim.
the comparable level of economic development, GDP and economic structure in Chinese Taipei and a majority of the provinces and cities in the PRC where the sampled exporting producers are based;
Stoga bi na takvo zemljište izuzeto od mora trebalo primijeniti nižu referentnu stopu.
the physical proximity of the PRC and Chinese Taipei;
Komisija priznaje da je zemljište izuzeto od mora izuzeto od poreza na korištenje zemljištem tijekom prvih godina korištenja.
the high degree of industrial infrastructure in both Chinese Taipei and many provinces of the PRC;
No zakonodavstvo o porezu na korištenje zemljištem ne upućuje na smanjenu vrijednost takva zemljišta u odnosu na izuzeće.
the similarity between the type of land and transactions used for constructing the relevant benchmark in Chinese Taipei with those in the PRC; and
Stoga je i ta tvrdnja odbačena.
the common demographic, linguistic and cultural characteristics between Chinese Taipei and the PRC.
Društvo Shougang Group iznijelo je i dodatne tvrdnje o nekim troškovima povezanima s pravima korištenja zemljištem, što je zanemareno za društvo Shougang Qian'an, kao i pogrešno razvrstavanje nekih zemljišnih čestica za društvo Shougang Mining.
Following the methodology applied in previous investigations, the Commission used the average land price per square meter established in Taiwan corrected for inflation and GDP evolution as from the dates of the respective land use right contracts.
Komisija je prihvatila te tvrdnje i na odgovarajući način prilagodila izračun koristi za ta dva društva.
The information concerning industrial land prices was retrieved from the website of the Industrial Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of Taiwan.
U skladu s člankom 7. stavkom 3.
The inflation and GDP evolution for Taiwan were calculated on the basis of inflation rates and evolution of GDP per capita at current prices in USD for Taiwan as published by the IMF for 2015.
Osnovne uredbe iznos subvencije raspodijeljen je tijekom RIP-a na temelju uobičajenog trajanja prava korištenja industrijskim zemljištem, tj.
After disclosure, the GOC stated that the Commission should have used a domestic instead of an external benchmark to calculate the amount of the alleged subsidy for the following two reasons: first, if the alleged subsidy is considered to be specific for the steel industry, then the LUR prices of companies from other sector should be used.
50 godina.
Alternatively, the prices from the dynamic land monitoring system should have been used.
Taj je iznos tada raspoređen na cjelokupni promet predmetnog društva tijekom RIP-a jer subvencija ne ovisi o izvozu i nije dodijeljena na temelju proizvedenih, izvezenih ili prevezenih količina.
The first point was already addressed above: the fact that some companies are receiving an additional preferential treatment is separate from the way in which the market as a whole is functioning, and the Commission has determined that the market was not functioning as a whole.
Stopa subvencije utvrđena u odnosu na ovaj program tijekom RIP-a za proizvođače izvoznike u uzorku iznosi: