natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Under the 2014 Aviation Guidelines [57], the existence of aid to an airline using a particular airport can, in principle, be excluded if the price charged for the airport services corresponds to the market price (‘first approach’), or if it can be demonstrated through an ex ante analysis — that is to say one founded on information available when the aid is granted and on developments foreseeable at the time — that the airport/airline arrangement will lead to a positive incremental profit contribution for the airport and is part of an overall strategy leading to profitability at least in the long term (‘second approach’).
Stoga naknade za odleđivanje zrakoplovâ u zračnoj luci Lübeck ne odstupaju od referentnog sustava jer se ne pravi razlika između zračnih prijevoznika koji se služe zračnom lukom.
The second approach means that it must be assessed whether, at the date when an agreement was concluded, a prudent market economy operator would have expected the agreement to be incrementally profitable.
Komisija zaključuje da naknade za odleđivanje prima facie nisu selektivne.
This to be measured by the difference between the incremental revenues expected to be generated by the agreement (that is, the difference between the revenues that would be achieved if the agreement were concluded and the revenues that would be achieved in the absence of the agreement) and the incremental costs expected to be incurred as a result of the contract (that is, the difference between the costs that would be incurred if the agreement were concluded and the costs that would be incurred in the absence of the agreement), the resulting cash flows being discounted with an appropriate discount rate.
S obzirom na to da naknade za odleđivanje prima facie nisu selektivne, nema potrebe za ocjenjivanjem jesu li te naknade opravdane prirodom ili općom strukturom sustava.
As regards the first approach (a comparison with the ‘market price’), the Commission does not consider that, at the present time, an appropriate benchmark can be identified to establish a true market price for services provided by airports [58].
Stoga naknade za odleđivanje zrakoplovâ ne čine državnu potporu u smislu članka 107. stavka 1.
It therefore considers an ex ante incremental profitability analysis to be the most relevant approach for the assessment of arrangements concluded by airports with individual airlines.
UFEU-a.
It should be noted that, in general, the application of the MEO principle based on an average price on other, similar markets may prove helpful if such a price can be reasonably identified or deduced from other market indicators.
ZAKLJUČAK
Moreover, the liberalisation of the air transport market complicates any purely comparative analysis.
Nadalje, čak i da je postojao gospodarski kontinuitet između društava FLG i Yasmina, više ne bi bilo moguće ostvariti povrat potpore od društva Yasmina jer je to društvo prestalo postojati, a njegova imovina prodana je u postupku u slučaju nesolventnosti koji je nadzirao sud u skladu s njemačkim stečajnim pravom.
As can be seen in this case, commercial practices between airports and airlines are not always based exclusively on a published schedule of charges.
Prodajom udjela u društvu FLG društvu Infratil 2005. nije nastala prednost za Infratil jer je Hansestadt Lübeck pri prodaji udjela postupao kao subjekt u tržišnom gospodarstvu.
Rather, these commercial relations vary to a great extent.
Ni na temelju ponovnih pregovora o opciji prodaje 2009. te preuzimanja daljnjih gubitaka, ulaganja i drugih troškova kako je utvrđeno u Dodatnom ugovoru iz 2009. nije nastala prednost za Infratil.
They include sharing risks with regard to passenger traffic and any related commercial and financial liability, standard incentive schemes and changing the spread of risks over the term of the agreements.
I u tom je kontekstu Hansestadt Lübeck postupio kao subjekt u tržišnom gospodarstvu.
Consequently, one transaction cannot really be compared with another based on a turnaround price or price per passenger.
Sa stajališta ex ante, Ugovorom iz 2000. koji su sklopili FLG i Ryanair pridonijelo bi se profitabilnosti zračne luke.
In addition, benchmarking is not an appropriate method to establish market prices if the available benchmarks have not been defined with regard to market considerations or the existing prices are significantly distorted by public interventions.
U skladu s tim, subjekt u tržišnom gospodarstvu sklopio bi ugovor kojim se ne osigurava prednost za Ryanair.
Such distortions appear to be present in the aviation industry, for reasons explained in paragraphs 57 to 59 of the 2014 Aviation Guidelines:
Ne čini se da su naknade za odleđivanje zrakoplovâ u zračnoj luci selektivne,
‘Publicly owned airports have traditionally been considered by public authorities as infrastructures for facilitating local development and not as undertakings operating in accordance with market rules.
DONIJELA JE OVU ODLUKU:
Those airports' prices consequently tend not to be determined with regard to market considerations and in particular sound ex ante profitability prospects, but essentially having regard to social or regional considerations.
Članak 1.
In those circumstances, the Commission has strong doubts that at the present time, an appropriate benchmark can be identified to establish a true market price for services provided by airports.
Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske unije i, ako čini, može li je se proglasiti spojivom s unutarnjim tržištem jer je gospodarska djelatnost FLG-a prestala postojati i više nije moguće ostvariti povrat potpore.
Moreover, as the Union courts have recalled, benchmarking by reference to the sector concerned is merely one analytical tool amongst others to determine if a beneficiary has received an economic advantage which it would not have obtained in normal market conditions [61].
Prodaja 90 % udjela u FLG-u društvu Infratil i uvjeti opcije prodaje o kojima se ponovno pregovaralo 2009. ne čine državnu potporu u smislu članka 107. stavka 1.
Ryanair essentially argued that the MEO test can be applied based on a comparison with the commercial arrangements of other European airports.
Članak 3.
In particular, it compared charges paid by Ryanair at Bournemouth, Grenoble, Knock, Maastricht, Nîmes and Prestwick airports with the charges paid by Ryanair under the agreements at Lübeck airport.
Ugovor iz 2000. koji su sklopili Ryanair i zračna luka Lübeck ne čini državnu potporu u smislu članka 107. stavka 1.
The study did not assess whether the sample of benchmark airports fulfilled all the criteria spelled out in the 2014 Aviation guidelines, as it only assessed traffic volumes, type of airport traffic and prosperity of the surrounding area [62].
Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske unije.
In its 2012 Opening decision, the Commission compared the charges laid down in the March and October 2010 Side letters with charges at Hamburg airport, which led to doubts as to the market conformity of the charges laid down in the Side letters.
Članak 4.
The Commission notes that traffic volume in Lübeck is much lower than in Hamburg airport.
Naknade za odleđivanje zrakoplovâ ne čine državnu potporu u smislu članka 107. stavka 1.
In fact, Hamburg is the airport with the most traffic in Northern Germany.
Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske unije.
Hamburg is used for all segments of air transport, whereas Lübeck was specialised in low cost carriers which required fewer check-incounters and facilities for transfer passengers, no passenger busses, less luggage handling personnel and facilities, less cleaning personnel, and allowed for a shorter circulation time.
Članak 5.
In addition to those considerations, the airport infrastructure must be open to all airlines and not dedicated to a specific airline in order to exclude that the advantage resulting from compatible aid to the airport operator is passed on to a specific airline.
Članica Komisije
The Commission also notes in this context that price differentiation is a standard business practice.
SL C 287, 29.11.2007., str. 27.
Such differentiated pricing policies should, however, be commercially justified.
SL C 295, 7.12.2007., str. 29., i SL C 241, 10.8.2012., str. 56.
The Commission considers that arrangements concluded between airlines and an airport can be deemed to satisfy the MEO test when they incrementally contribute, from an ex ante point of view, to the profitability of the airport.
Infratil je društvo za ulaganja u infrastrukturu sa sjedištem u Novom Zelandu te<l-cl> ulaže u sektore energetike, zračnih luka i javnog prijevoza.
The airport should demonstrate that, when setting up an arrangement with an airline (for example, an individual contract or an overall scheme of airport charges), it is capable of covering all costs stemming from the arrangement, over the duration of the arrangement, with a reasonable profit margin on the basis of sound medium-term prospects [64].
Konkretno, bio je vlasnik i upravitelj sljedećih zračnih luka: Wellington International airport, Novi Zeland; Glasgow Prestwick Airport i Kent International Airport, Ujedinjena Kraljevina.
In order to assess whether an arrangement concluded by an airport with an airline satisfies the MEO test, expected non-aeronautical revenues stemming from the airline's activity must be taken into consideration together with airport charges, net of any rebates, marketing support or incentive schemes.
U međuvremenu je prodao svoja ulaganja u europske zračne luke.
Similarly, all expected costs incrementally incurred by the airport in relation to the airline's activity at the airport have to be taken into account.
Ryanair je irski zračni prijevoznik i član Europske udruge niskotarifnih zračnih prijevoznika (European Low Fares Airlines Association).
Such incremental costs may encompass all categories of expenses or investments, such as incremental personnel, equipment and investment costs induced by the presence of the airline at the airport [65].
Poslovanje tog zračnog prijevoznika bilo je povezano sa sekundarnim, regionalnim zračnim lukama.
The Commission considers in its constant decision making practice that costs which the airport would have to incur anyway, independently from the arrangement with the airline, should not be taken into account in the MEO test [66].
On trenutačno obavlja usluge prijevoza iz približno 160 europskih odredišta.
According to the Charleroi judgement [67] when assessing the measures in question the Commission has to take into account all the relevant features of the measures and their context.
Ryanair je imao homogenu flotu koja se sastojala od 272 zrakoplova Boeing 737-800 sa 189 sjedala.
In other words, the Commission has to analyse the expected impact of the agreement with Ryanair on FLG, taking into account all relevant features of the measure in question.
Ryanair je u vrijeme donošenja odluke o pokretanju postupka 2007. održavao 23 leta tjedno iz zračne luke Lübeck prema pet europskih odredišta, odnosno prema zračnim lukama London-Stansted u Ujedinjenoj Kraljevini, Milano-Bergamo i Pisa u Italiji, Palma de Mallorca u Španjolskoj i Stockholm-Skavsta u Švedskoj.
The Court declared in the Stardust Marine judgment that, ‘[…] in order to examine whether or not the State has adopted the conduct of a prudent investor operating in a market economy, it is necessary to place oneself in the context of the period during which the financial support measures were taken in order to assess the economic rationality of the State's conduct, and thus to refrain from any assessment based on a later situation.’ [68].
SL C 295, 7.12.2007., str. 29.
In order to apply the MEO test, the Commission has to place itself at the time when the agreement was concluded.
Peter C. Klanowski i Horst Conrad.
The Commission has also to base its assessment on the information and assumptions which were at the disposal of FLG when the agreement was concluded.
Uredba Vijeća (EZ) br. 659/1999 od 22. ožujka 1999. o utvrđivanju detaljnih pravila primjene članka 108.
Application of the MEO principle to the 2000 Agreement
Ugovora o EZ-u (SL L 83, 27.3.1999., str. 1.).
Preliminary remarks
Komunikacija Komisije – Smjernice o državnim potporama zračnim lukama i zračnim prijevoznicima (SL C 99, 4.4.2014., str. 3.).
The Commission notes that Air Berlin argued that the agreements between Ryanair and Lübeck airport were not profitable as the losses of FLG increased continuously (see Table 8) after the arrival of Ryanair.
SL C 113, 15.4.2014., str. 30.
As Ryanair and Wizz Air were the only airlines flying regular lines from the airport, Air Berlin concluded that FLG's losses must be attributable to these airlines.
Riječ je o nevladinoj organizaciji registriranoj u skladu s pravilima iz Direktive 2003/35/EZ Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 26. svibnja 2003. o osiguravanju sudjelovanja javnosti u izradi određenih planova i programa koji se odnose na okoliš i o izmjeni direktiva Vijeća 85/337/EEZ i 96/61/EZ s obzirom na sudjelovanje javnosti i pristup pravosuđu (SL L 156, 25.6.2003., str. 17.).
The Commission notes that even if a significant correlation between the number of Ryanair passengers at Lübeck airport and the losses incurred by FLG could be established, such correlation would not necessarily imply that the losses result from the operation of Ryanair at Lübeck airport.
Prije pokretanja postupka te su mjere istražene u predmetima CP 31/2009 (SA.27585) i CP 162/2010 (SA.31149).
Germany stated that more than […] % of the losses between 2000 and 2005 resulted from investments necessary to adapt the airport to increased passenger numbers.
SL C 241, 10.8.2012., str. 56.
Such investments were necessary to increase the airport value in the event of the envisaged privatisation and to prepare the airport to attract any airline.
Savezno udruženje njemačkih komercijalnih zračnih luka (Bundesverband der deutschen Verkehrsflughäfen).
In addition, the Commission recalls that the MEO test is based on an ex ante assessment.
Društvo Yasmina bilo je društvo kći u 100-postotnom vlasništvu društva 3 Y Logistic und Projektbetreuung GmbH („3Y”), društva za ulaganja u vlasništvu fizičke osobe, Saudijca Adela Mohammeda Saleha M. Alghanmija.
According to the case law of the Court of Justice, the conduct of a private market operator, which is used to assess the conduct of a public operator, does not need to be aimed at short-term profitability but can be guided by prospects of profitability in the longer term [69].
Društvo Yasmina osnovano je za potrebe kupnje zračne luke Lübeck i upravljanja njome.
Even where an airport is loss-making over the period of Ryanair's operation, it is still possible that an airport airline agreement is incrementally profitable to an airport on an ex ante basis.
Predmet T-461/12 Hansestadt Lübeck protiv Europske komisije ECLI:EU:T:2014:758
As a final remark, the Commission notes that in the context of the present investigation, Ecorys was asked to compile a report on the profitability of the 2000 Agreement between FLG and Ryanair [70].
Predmet C-524/14 P Komisija protiv Hansestadt Lübeck ECLI:EU:C:2016:971.
However, the report was based on a total cost approach, rather than an incremental cost approach and will therefore not be taken into consideration.
Vidjeti internetsku stranicu zračne luke Lübeck http://www.flughafen-luebeck.de/images/02-unternehmen/06-zahlen_fakten_daten/02-monatsstatistik/ab2000.pdf (stanje od 22. svibnja 2015.).
Assessment of incremental costs and revenues
Vijeće grada Hansestadt Lübeck sastoji se od predstavnika građana tog grada.
As a time frame for assessing the agreement in question a MEO would have chosen as a starting point the date of the signature of the agreement, i.e. 29 May 2000.
SL 2012/S 156-261107 od 16. kolovoza 2012. (http://ted.europa.eu/udl?uri=TED:NOTICE:261107-2012:TEXT:EN:HTML&tabId=1).
As an end date a MEO would have taken the end date as stipulated in the 2000 Agreement, i.e. 31 May 2010.
Odluka Komisije od 19. siječnja 2005., N644i/2002 – Njemačka – Ausbau der kommunalen wirtschaftsnahen Infrastruktur nach Teil II Ziffer 7 des Rahmenplans der Gemeinschaftsaufgabe „Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsstruktur” (i) Errichtung oder Ausbau von Regionalflughäfen ( SL C 126, 12.5.2005., str. 10.).
For the purpose of assessing the agreement in question and given the findings in recitals 282 to 301, both the existence and the amount of possible aid in this agreement have to be assessed in the light of the situation prevailing at the time it was signed and, more specifically, in the light of the information available and developments foreseeable at that time.
Odluku o odobrenju planova kojom se omogućuje razvoj zračne luke Lübeck i koja je donesena 20. siječnja 2005. te se odnosila na različite mjere povezane s infrastrukturom različite su strane osporile pred sudom.
At the time of the negotiation of the agreement, FLG expected the business of Ryanair at Lübeck airport to lead to increased passenger numbers, thereby increasing non-aeronautic revenues, to the expansion of non-aeronautic services, as well as to the attraction of further airlines.
U privremenom postupku donesene su dvije pravomoćne odluke visokog suda: to su Odluka 4 MR 1/05 Višeg upravnog suda (OVG) pokrajine Schleswig od 18. srpnja 2005. i Odluka 101/05 Višeg upravnog suda (OVG) pokrajine Schleswig od 21. listopada 2005.
Even though FLG was making losses in the years preceding the agreement, Ryanair's business at the airport was expected to lead to moderate profits in the medium- to long-term.
Na temelju tih rješenja odbijeno je odobrenje planova.
Germany provided data on the ex ante expected growth of passenger numbers as well as the expected incremental costs and revenues, in a best-case and worst-case scenario.
Povjerljive informacije
Incremental revenues that a private investor would reasonably expect from the agreement include:
Primjena članaka 92. i 93.
additional aeronautical revenues from passengers and landing charges paid by Ryanair and
Ugovora o EZ-u i članka 61.
additional non-aeronautical revenues from, for example, car parking, franchised shops, or directly operated shops.
Sporazuma o EGP-u o državnim potporama u sektoru zrakoplovstva (SL C 350, 10.12.1994., str. 5.).
Applying the ‘single-till’ principle, the Commission takes the view that both aeronautical and non-aeronautical revenues should be taken into account [71].
Predmet C-482/99 Francuska protiv Komisije („Stardust Marine”) ECLI:EU:C:2002:294.
Germany submitted that based on the charges stipulated in the 2000 Agreement, the airport expected to have average aeronautical revenues of EUR […] per passenger.
Predmet T-163/05, Bundesverband deutscher Banken protiv Komisije (Helaba I) ECLI:EU:T:2010:59.
FLG estimated revenues from non-aviation business as representing […] % of aviation business income.
Predmet C-280/00 Altmark Trans GmbH i Regierungspräsidium Magdeburg protiv Nahverkehrsgesellschaft Altmark GmbH ECLI:EU:C:2003:415.
Incremental costs that a private investor would reasonably expect from the agreement would include:
Izvješće društva Oxera, ekonomska ocjena načela subjekta u tržišnom gospodarstvu: zračna luka Lübeck, 6. veljače 2015.
incremental operational costs directly caused by the Ryanair agreement,
Poslovni plan „Takeoff Konzept” od 21. prosinca 2009., vidjeti http://www.luebeck.de/stadt_politik/rathaus/wahlen/files/M21_Take_off_Konzept_HL-Umdruck_17-156_WA_Ltsh.pdf
costs for marketing services,
Predmet T-196/04 Ryanair protiv Komisije („Charleroi”) ECLI:EU:T:2008:585.
investment costs directly linked to the Ryanair agreement.
Odluka Komisije od 12. studenoga 2008., državna potpora N 510/2008 – Italija – Prodaja imovine društva Alitalia (SL C 46, 25.2.2009., str. 6.).
Germany stated that it was necessary to increase the number of staff of FLG to handle the expected passenger numbers.
Predmeti C-328/99 i C-399/00, Italija i SIM 2 Multimedia protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:C:2003:252; Odluka Komisije od 17. rujna 2008., državna potpora N 321/2008, N 322/2008 i N 323/2008 – Grčka – Vente de certains actifs d'Olympic Airlines/Olympic Airways Services (SL C 18, 23.1.2010., str. 9.); Odluka Komisije od 12. studenoga 2008., državna potpora N 510/2008 – Italija – Prodaja imovine društva Alitalia (SL C 46, 25.2.2009., str. 6.); Odluka Komisije od 4. travnja 2012.
FLG expected incremental operational and personnel costs of EUR […] per passenger.
SA.34547 – Francuska – Reprise des actifs du groupe SERNAM dans le cadre de son redressement judiciaire (SL C 305, 10.10.2012., str. 5.).
Based on the 2000 Agreement, FLG expected incremental marketing costs for the period 2000-2012 of EUR […] in the best case and EUR […] in the worst case.
Predmet T-123/09, Ryanair Ltd protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:T:2012:164.
Regarding investment costs, Germany stated that the airport infrastructure already existed prior to the agreement with Ryanair and that the initially planned operation of Ryanair at Lübeck airport did not require any additional infrastructure investments.
Predmet T-123/09, Ryanair Ltd protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:T:2012:164, točka 156.
Germany submitted the following revenues and operating costs for the best case (Table 11) and the worst case (Table 12):
Direktiva Vijeća 2001/23/EZ od 12. ožujka 2001. o usklađivanju zakonodavstava država članica u odnosu na zaštitu prava zaposlenika kod prijenosa poduzeća, pogona ili dijelova poduzeća ili pogona (SL L 82, 22.3.2001., str. 16.).
Table 11
Odluka Komisije od 4. travnja 2012., SA.34547 – Francuska – Reprise des actifs du groupe SERNAM dans le cadre de son redressement judiciaire (SL C 305, 10.10.2012., str. 10.).
Best-case costs and revenues
Dubinska analiza ispitivanje je koje obično provodi kupac u pogledu subjekta nad kojim se potencijalno namjerava provesti pripajanje, stjecanje, privatizacija ili slična transakcija među poslovnim subjektima.
year
Obavijest Komisije o pojmu državne potpore iz članka 107. stavka 1.
passengers
Ugovora o funkcioniranju Europske unije (SL C 262, 19.7.2016., str. 1., uvodna izjava 94.).
aeronautic revenues
Predmet T-415/05, Grčka protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:T:2010:386, točka 146.
non-aeronautic revenues
Isto.
operating costs
Sud je utvrdio da gospodarska nedosljednost može biti naznaka za financijski kontinuitet.
Table 12
Predmet C-610/10 Komisija protiv Španjolske [2012.]
Worst-case costs and revenues
ECLI:EU:C:2012:781, točka 106.
FLG estimated positive financial effects from the 2000 Agreement with Ryanair.
Zakon o nesolventnosti („Insolvenzordnung”) od 5. listopada 1994.
In this regard, Table 13 summarises the revenues from aeronautic and non-aeronautic activities, as well as the costs directly attributable to the operation of Ryanair at the airport and marketing costs.
(BGBl.
Table 13
I S. 2866), zadnje izmijenjen člankom 16.
Ex ante profitability assessment
Zakona od 20. studenoga 2015.
profitability assessment
(BGBl.
marketing costs
I S. 2010).
In the best case, Germany rounded passenger numbers to […], leading to aeronautic revenues of EUR […].
[48] Vidjeti Odluku Komisije 2008/717/EZ od 27. veljače 2008. o državnoj potpori C 46/07 (ex NN 59/07) koju je Rumunjska provela u korist društva Automobile Craiova (prethodno Daewoo Romania) (SL L 239, 6.9.2008., str. 12.).
In the worst-case scenario, a total of […] passengers was expected, leading to aeronautic revenues of EUR […].
Predmet C -342/96 Kraljevina Španjolska protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:C:1999:210, točka 41.; predmet C-39/94 Syndicat francais de l'Express international (SFEI) i drugi protiv La Poste i drugih ECLI:EU:C:1996:285, točka 60.
Since non-aeronautic revenues were expected to amount to […] % of aeronautic revenues, non-aeronautic revenues were calculated to be EUR […] in the best case and EUR […] in the worst case.
Vidjeti na primjer: predmet T-296/97 Alitalia protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:T:2000:289; predmete T-228/99 i T-233/99, WestLB protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:T:2003:57; predmet T-366/00, Scott SA protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:T:2007:99; predmete C-328/99 i C-399/00, Italija i SIM 2 Multimedia protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:C:2003:252; predmet T-358/94 Air France protiv Komisije ECLI:EU:T:1996:194.
It was calculated that operating costs would amount to a total of EUR […] in the best case and EUR […] in the worst case.
izvješće o politici tržišnog natjecanja, 1993., str. 255.