natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This study will include literature research, organisation of a workshop with experts in meat technology and a survey within the EU meat industry on the actual use and use levels of nitrites according to the different types of meat products identified.
Ta će studija obuhvaćati istraživanje literature, organiziranje radionica sa stručnjacima za mesnu tehnologiju i ispitivanje u mesnoj industriji EU-a o stvarnoj uporabi i razinama uporabe nitrita u raznim vrstama identificiranih mesnih proizvoda.
Conclusions from this study should be available by the end of 2015.
Zaključci te studije trebali bi biti dostupni krajem 2015.
ADMISSIBILITY
DOPUŠTENOST
Under Article 114(4) and (6) TFEU a Member State may, after the adoption of a harmonisation measure, maintain its more stringent national provisions on grounds of major needs referred to in Article 36 TFEU, or relating to the protection of the environment or the working environment, provided that it notifies these national provisions to the Commission and the Commission approves these measures.
U skladu s člankom 114. stavcima 4. i 6. UFEU-a, država članica može, nakon usvajanja mjere za usklađivanje, zadržati svoje strože nacionalne odredbe na osnovi važnih potreba iz članka 36. UFEU-a ili u vezi sa zaštitom okoliša ili radnom okolinom, ako o tim nacionalnim odredbama obavijesti Komisiju i Komisija odobri te mjere.
The Danish notification relates to national provisions derogating from those of Annex II, Part E to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 in relation to potassium nitrite (E 249) and sodium nitrite (E 250).
Danska obavijest odnosi se na nacionalne odredbe koje odstupaju od onih iz Priloga II., dijela E, Uredbe (EZ) br. 1333/2008 u pogledu kalijeva nitrita (E 249) i natrijeva nitrita (E 250).
The current Danish provisions already existed in substance at the time these maximum levels were originally laid down in Directive 2006/52/EC.
Trenutačne danske odredbe već su u načelu postojale u trenutku kada su te maksimalne razine izvorno bile propisane Direktivom 2006/52/EZ.
The Danish Order No 542 allows the addition of the nitrites to meat products only in so far as specific added amounts are not exceeded.
Danska Odluka br. 542 dopušta dodavanje nitrita mesnim proizvodima samo ako specifične dodane količine nisu premašene.
Depending on the products in question these maximum amounts are 60, 100 or 150 mg/kg, which are lower for certain products than the ones laid down in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008.
Ovisno o proizvodima o kojima je riječ, te najveće moguće količine iznose 60, 100 ili 150 mg/kg, što je za određene proizvode niže od količina propisnih Uredbom (EZ) br. 1333/2008.
Moreover, unlike Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, the Danish provisions do not contain any exceptions to the principle of fixing maximum added amounts for nitrites, thereby not permitting the placing on the market of certain traditionally manufactured meat products from other Member States.
Nadalje, za razliku od Uredbe (EZ) br. 1333/2008 u danskim odredbama nema iznimki od načela utvrđivanja najvećih dodanih količina za nitrite, čime se ne dopušta stavljanje na tržište određenih mesnih proizvoda iz drugih država članica proizvedenih tradicionalnim načinima proizvodnje.
The Danish provisions are therefore more stringent than the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 in so far that they lay down lower maximum added amounts than for several types of products (in many cases 60 mg/kg) and in so far as they do not allow the placing on the market of certain traditional meat products on the basis of maximum residual values.
Danske odredbe stoga su strože od odredbi Uredbe (EZ) br. 1333/2008 utoliko da one određuju niže najveće dodane količine za nekoliko vrsta proizvoda (u mnogim slučajevima 60 mg/kg) i utoliko da one na temelju maksimalnih razina ostataka ne dopuštaju stavljanje na tržište određenih tradicionalnih mesnih proizvoda.
In accordance with Article 114(4) TFEU, the notification was supplemented by a description of the grounds relating to one or more of the major needs referred to in Article 36 TFEU, in this case the protection of health and life of humans.
U skladu s člankom 114. stavkom 4. UFEU-a, obavijest je dopunjena opisom osnove za jednu ili više važnih potreba iz članka 36.
An accompanying Report of the Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries provides additional data on the consumption and imports of meat products, exposure to nitrites, prevalence of botulism and the formation of nitrosamines in processed meat products.
UFEU-a, u ovom slučaju zaštite zdravlja i života ljudi. Popratno Izvješće danskog Ministarstva prehrane, poljoprivrede i ribarstva pruža dodatne podatke o potrošnji i uvozu mesnih proizvoda, izloženosti nitritima, učestalosti botulizma i stvaranju nitrozamina u prerađenim mesnim proizvodima.
In light of the foregoing, the Commission considers that the application submitted by Denmark with a view to obtaining authorisation to maintain its national provisions on the use of nitrites in meat products is admissible under Article 114(4) TFEU.
U svjetlu svega navedenog Komisija smatra da je prijava koju je dostavila Danska kako bi dobila odobrenje za zadržavanje svojih nacionalnih odredbi o uporabi nitrita u mesnim proizvodima dopuštena u skladu s člankom 114. stavkom 4. UFEU-a.
ASSESSMENT OF MERITS
PROCJENA KORISTI
In accordance with Article 114(4) and (6), first subparagraph, TFEU, the Commission must ascertain that all the conditions enabling a Member State to maintain its national provisions derogating from a Union harmonisation measure provided for in that Article are fulfilled.
U skladu s člankom 114. stavcima 4. i 6. prvim podstavkom UFEU-a Komisija se mora uvjeriti da su svi uvjeti kojima se državi članici omogućuje zadržavanje njezinih nacionalnih odredbi kojima se odstupa od Unijine mjere usklađivanja iz tog članka ispunjeni.
In particular, the Commission has to assess whether or not the national provisions are justified by the major needs referred to in Article 36 TFEU or relating to the protection of the environment or the working environment and do not exceed what is necessary to attain the legitimate objective pursued.
Komisija posebno mora procijeniti jesu li nacionalne odredbe opravdane važnim potrebama navedenim u članku 36. UFEU-a ili su u vezi sa zaštitom okoliša ili radne okoline i da one ne premašuju ono što je potrebno kako bi se postigao namjeravani zakoniti cilj.
In addition, when the Commission considers that the national provisions fulfil the above conditions, it must verify, pursuant to Article 114(6) TFEU, whether or not the national provisions are a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between Member States and whether or not they constitute an obstacle to the functioning of the internal market.
Osim toga, kada Komisija smatra da nacionalne odredbe ispunjuju navedene uvjete, ona mora provjeriti, u skladu s člankom 114. stavkom 6. UFEU-a, jesu li one sredstvo proizvoljne diskriminacije ili prikrivenog ograničenja trgovine među državama članicama te stvaraju li prepreku funkcioniranju unutarnjeg tržišta.
It has to be noted that, in the light of the time frame established by Article 114(6) TFEU, the Commission, when examining whether the national measures notified under Article 114(4) TFEU are justified, has to take as a basis ‘the grounds’ put forward by the notifying Member State.
Potrebno je napomenuti da, u svjetlu vremenskog okvira utvrđenog člankom 114. stavkom 6. UFEU-a, Komisija, prilikom ispitivanja toga jesu li nacionalne mjere o kojima je obaviještena u skladu s člankom 114. stavkom 4.
This means that, according to the provisions of TFEU, the responsibility of proving that the national measures are justified lies with the requesting Member State that seeks to maintain them.
UFEU-a opravdane, mora kao temelj uzeti „osnovu” koju je navela država članica koja je dostavila obavijest. To znači da je, u skladu s odredbama Ugovora, država članica koja želi zadržati nacionalne mjere dužna dokazati da su one opravdane.
However, where the Commission is in possession of information in the light of which the Union harmonisation measure from which the notified national provisions derogate may need to be reviewed, it can take such information into consideration in the assessment of the notified national provisions.
No kada Komisija ima informacije u svjetlu kojih je Unijinu mjeru usklađivanja od koje nacionalne odredbe o kojima je obaviještena odudaraju možda potrebno revidirati, ona može takve informacije uzeti u obzir pri procjeni prijavljenih nacionalnih odredbi.
The position of Denmark
Položaj Danske
Denmark claims that its legislation ensures a higher level of protection of health and life of humans in that it lays down lower maximum added amounts for nitrites than the ones provided for in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, and does not allow the placing on the market of traditional meat products for which no ingoing amounts can be established.
Danska tvrdi da njezino zakonodavstvo osigurava višu razinu zaštite zdravlja i života ljudi tako što propisuje niže najveće dodane količine za nitrite nego što su propisane u Uredbi (EZ) br. 1333/2008 i ne dopušta stavljanje na tržište tradicionalnih mesnih proizvoda za koje se ne mogu ustanoviti ulazne količine.
Denmark considers that the Danish provisions are fully consistent with the recommendations which the SCF made in 1990 and 1995, as well as with the opinion of EFSA of 26 November 2003.
Danska smatra da su danske odredbe u potpunosti u skladu s preporukama koje je SCF dao 1990. i 1995. te s mišljenjem EFSA-e od 26. studenoga 2003.
Denmark also considers that regulating the nitrite amounts used on the basis of whether they were considered to involve an intake in excess of the established relevant acceptable daily intake (ADI) does not provide the necessary protection of human health.
Danska također smatra da reguliranje količina nitrita koje se upotrebljavaju na osnovi toga smatra li se da one obuhvaćaju unos koji premašuje utvrđeni relevantni prihvatljivi dnevni unos (PDU) ne pruža potrebnu zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja.
The ADI established for nitrites does not take into account the formation of nitrosamines, which are associated with the use of nitrites in meat products.
U PDU-u koji je utvrđen za nitrite ne uzima se u obzir stvaranje nitrozamina koji su povezani s uporabom nitrita u mesnim proizvodima.
According to scientific evaluations, nitrosamines are genotoxic; as such, it is not possible to establish a limit under which they are not carcinogenic.
Prema znanstvenim procjenama, nitrozamini su genotoksični i stoga nije moguće utvrditi granicu ispod koje nisu kancerogeni.
Denmark further emphasises that the formation of nitrosamines depends on the nitrite amounts that are added, and not on the much lower residual amounts, which, due to the substance's transformation in the foodstuff, are typically present in the product at the time of consumption.
Danska nadalje naglašava da stvaranje nitrozamina ovisi o dodanim količinama nitrita, a ne o mnogo nižim količinama ostataka koje su zbog pretvorbe tvari u hrani tipično prisutne u proizvodu u vrijeme potrošnje.
Thus, in its opinion, the overall scientific assessment demonstrates that (a) the use should be reduced as far as possible by using differentiated amounts in line with the technical needs related to different foodstuffs, (b) the use of nitrites and nitrates should be regulated in terms of the amounts that are added rather than the residual amounts, and (c) the necessary preservation is achieved by using the amounts recommended by EFSA.
Stoga po njezinu mišljenju ukupne znanstvene procjene pokazuju da bi (a) uporabu trebalo što je više moguće smanjiti uporabom odvojenih količina u skladu s tehničkim potrebama povezanim s raznim vrstama hrane, (b) uporabu nitrita i nitrata trebalo regulirati u skladu s količinama koje se dodaju, a ne u skladu s količinama ostataka i (c) potrebno konzerviranje trebalo postizati uporabom količina koje preporučuje EFSA.
In that respect, Denmark considers that its national provisions systematically follow these recommendations, whereas Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 does not as far as nitrites are concerned.
U tom pogledu Danska smatra da njezine nacionalne odredbe sustavno poštuju te preporuke, dok to Uredba (EZ) br. 1333/2008 ne čini u pogledu nitrita.
Denmark also stresses that its national provisions have been in place for many years and have never given rise to problems with the preservation of the products concerned.
Danska ujedno naglašava da njezine nacionalne odredbe postoje već puno godina i da nikada nije bilo problema s konzerviranjem predmetnih proizvoda.
Moreover, it has a relatively low rate of botulism compared with other EU Member States, and not a single case caused by the consumption of meat products has been recorded since 1980.
Nadalje, ona ima relativno nisku stopu botulizma u usporedbi s drugim državama članicama EU-a, a od 1980. nije zabilježen niti jedan slučaj uzrokovan potrošnjom mesnih proizvoda.
Denmark notes that no cases of botulism have been recorded in Denmark since 2006.
Danska napominje da u Danskoj od 2006. nije zabilježen ni jedan slučaj botulizma.
Thus, the Danish provisions on the use of nitrites in meat products are still considered as providing comprehensive protection against food poisoning.
Stoga se još uvijek smatra da danske odredbe o uporabi nitrita u mesnim proizvodima pružaju sveobuhvatnu zaštitu od otrovanja hranom.
As regards consumption patterns, the Report of the Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries provides additional data on the consumption and import of meat products as well as an analysis of nitrite in meat products on the Danish market.
U pogledu obrazaca potrošnje, Izvješće danskog Ministarstva prehrane, poljoprivrede i ribarstva pruža dodatne podatke o potrošnji i uvozu mesnih proizvoda te analizu nitrita u mesnim proizvodima na danskom tržištu.
According to the Danish authorities, this Report demonstrates that the consumption of meat products to which nitrites may be added is stable over the years.
Prema danskim tijelima, Izvješće pokazuje da je potrošnja mesnih proizvoda kojima se mogu dodati nitriti stabilna tijekom godina.
As regards the exposure to nitrites, the Report of the Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries provides estimates based on 384 nitrite analyses in processed meat and meat cold cuts and on consumption data from dietary surveys.
U pogledu izloženosti nitritima, Izvješće danskog Ministarstva prehrane, poljoprivrede i ribarstva pruža procjene na temelju 384 analize nitrita u prerađenom mesu i mesnim narescima i podataka o potrošnji iz ispitivanja o prehrani.
Based on these estimates, the mean exposure remains below the ADI for nitrites.
Na temelju tih procjena srednja izloženost za nitrite održava se ispod PDU-a.
Children aged 4-5 years are exposed to a three-fold higher exposure per kg body weight compared to adults.
Djeca u dobi od 4 do 5 godina izložena su tri puta većoj količini po kilogramu tjelesne mase nego odrasli.
As regards the formation of nitrosamines in processed meat products, the Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries provided summary report on the presence of N-nitrosamines in processed meat products, prepared by the DTU National Food Institute, which concludes that low levels of nitrosamines are best achieved by using as little nitrite as possible and to use it in combination with erythorbic acid, ascorbic acid or ascorbate as this would prevent the possible formation of nitrosamines.
U pogledu stvaranja nitrozamina u prerađenim mesnim proizvodima, dansko Ministarstvo prehrane, poljoprivrede i ribarstva dostavilo je sažeto izvješće o prisutnosti N-nitrozamina u prerađenim mesnim proizvodima koje je pripremio Nacionalni institut za hranu DTU, zaključak kojeg je da se niske razine nitrozamina najbolje postižu uporabom što je manje moguće količine nitrita, i to u kombinaciji s izoaskorbinskom kiselinom, askorbinskom kiselinom ili askorbatom, jer oni sprječavaju moguće stvaranje nitrozamina.
Furthermore, Denmark maintains that its provisions on nitrites do not act as an obstacle to trade, referring to figures showing that imports of meat products from other Member States have been taking place and have even increased since 2010.
Danska nadalje tvrdi da njezine odredbe o nitritima nisu prepreka trgovini, upućujući na brojke koje pokazuju da uvoz mesnih proizvoda iz drugih država postoji i da se čak i povećao od 2010.
In sum, Denmark considers it legitimate to reduce the risk to human health stemming from the exposure to nitrosamines beyond the requirements of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 through the continued application of its legislation.
Sve u svemu, Danska smatra zakonitim nastavkom primjene svojeg zakonodavstva smanjiti opasnost za ljudsko zdravlje koja proizlazi iz izloženosti nitrozaminima više nego što se to postiže uvjetima Uredbe (EZ) br. 1333/2008.
According to Denmark, the monitoring, which it undertook pursuant to Decision 2010/561/EU, demonstrates that the health considerations previously taken into account are still valid.
Prema Danskoj, praćenje koje je ona provodila u skladu s Odlukom 2010/561/EU pokazuje da zdravstvena pitanja koja su ranije bila uzeta u obzir još uvijek vrijede.
Finally, it contends that the data available show that the Danish provisions do not constitute an obstacle to trade in the products concerned.
Naposljetku, ona tvrdi da dostupni podaci pokazuju da danske odredbe nisu prepreka trgovini predmetnim proizvodima.
Evaluation of the Danish position
Ocjena danskog stajališta
Justification on grounds of major needs referred to in Article 36 TFEU
Opravdanost na osnovi važnih potreba iz članka 36. UFEU-a
The Danish legislation aims to achieve a higher level of protection of health and life of humans with regard to exposure to nitrites and the possible formation of nitrosamines in meat products, by specifying lower maximum added amounts of nitrite in relation to certain meat products, when compared with the maximum levels provided under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 and not allowing the placing on the market of products for which only maximum residual levels can be established.
Cilj je danskog zakonodavstva postići višu razinu zaštite zdravlja i života ljudi s obzirom na izloženost nitritima i moguće stvaranje nitrozamina u mesnim proizvodima određujući niže najveće dodane količine za nitrite u odnosu na određene mesne proizvode u usporedbi s maksimalnim razinama propisanima Uredbom (EZ) br. 1333/2008 i ne dopuštajući stavljanje na tržište proizvoda za koje je moguće ustanoviti samo maksimalne razine ostataka.
When assessing whether the Danish legislation is actually adequate and necessary for achieving this objective a number of factors need to be taken into account.
Pri procjeni je li dansko zakonodavstvo doista odgovarajuće i neophodno za postizanje tog cilja, potrebno je u obzir uzeti niz čimbenika.
In particular, two health risks need to be balanced, the presence of nitrosamines in meat products on the one hand, and the microbiological safety of meat products on the other.
Posebice je potrebno da dva zdravstvena rizika, s jedne strane prisutnost nitrozamina u mesnim proizvodima, a s druge strane mikrobiološka sigurnost mesnih proizvoda, budu u ravnoteži.
The latter aspect is more than a mere technological need, but a highly relevant health concern in its own right.
Posljednji aspekt nije samo pitanje obične tehnološke potrebe nego i vrlo važno zdravstveno pitanje.
While it is recognised that the levels of nitrites in meat products need to be limited, lower levels of nitrite in meat will not automatically lead to a higher protection of human health.
Iako se priznaje da je razine nitrita u mesnim proizvodima potrebno ograničiti, niže razine nitrita u mesu neće automatski uzrokovati veću zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja.
The most appropriate level of nitrite depends on a number of factors acknowledged in the relevant opinions of the SCF and EFSA, e.g. the addition of salt, moisture, pH, shelf-life of the product, hygiene, temperature control, etc.
Najprikladnija razina nitrita ovisi o brojnim čimbenicima koje priznaju relevantna mišljenja SCF-a i EFSA-e, tj. o dodatku soli, vlazi, pH-u, roku valjanosti proizvoda, higijeni, kontroli temperature itd.
In the light of the preceding considerations and those under recitals 10 and 11 above, the Commission considers that, in principle, Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 constitutes an adequate response to the challenge of reconciling two conflicting health risks in light of the diversity of meat products across the Union.
U svjetlu ranije navedenih pitanja i onih navedenih u ranijim uvodnim izjavama 10. i 11., Komisija smatra da Uredba (EZ) br. 1333/2008 u načelu na odgovarajući način odgovara na izazov kako pomiriti dva sukobljena zdravstvena rizika s obzirom na raznovrsnost mesnih proizvoda u cijeloj Uniji.
Nevertheless, the Commission has to evaluate the specific choices made by the Danish regulator and the experience made with these rules, which have been in force for a considerable period of time.
Unatoč tome, Komisija mora procijeniti specifične odabire danskog regulatora i iskustvo koje imaju s tim propisima koji su na snazi već prilično dugo.
Through the figures it provided on the occurrence of food poisoning and, in particular, botulism, Denmark has demonstrated that it has achieved satisfactory results with its legislation so far.
Danska je brojkama koje je dostavila o učestalosti trovanja hranom, a posebice botulizma, pokazala da je svojim zakonodavstvom do sada postigla zadovoljavajuće rezultate.
These data show that the maximum levels specified in the Danish legislation appear to have been sufficient to ensure the microbiological safety of the meat products currently made in Denmark and the production methods currently used in Denmark.
Ti podaci pokazuju da su maksimalne razine navedene u danskom zakonodavstvu izgleda bile dovoljne da osiguraju mikrobiološku sigurnost mesnih proizvoda koji se trenutačno proizvode u Danskoj i načina proizvodnje koji se trenutačno upotrebljavaju u Danskoj.
The Commission notes that the Danish legislation is compatible with the relevant scientific opinions of the Union's scientific bodies.
Komisija napominje da je dansko zakonodavstvo u skladu s relevantnim znanstvenim mišljenjima znanstvenih tijela Unije.
It is based on a regulation of maximum added values and respects the ranges of added amounts of nitrite referred to in these opinions, i.e. 50-150 mg/kg.
Ono je utemeljeno na reguliranju najvećih dodanih vrijednosti i poštuje raspone dodanih količina nitrita koji se navode u tim mišljenjima, tj. 50–150 mg/kg.
At the same time, Denmark has established more specific maximum added amounts for particular groups of meat products, compared with the Regulation, in light of the types of meat products and manufacturing methods prevailing in Denmark.
Danska je istodobno ustanovila specifičnije najveće dodane količine za posebne skupine mesnih proizvoda u odnosu na Uredbu, u skladu s vrstama mesnih proizvoda i načina proizvodnje koji prevladavaju u Danskoj.
In addition, it must be considered that, according to information provided by Denmark, the bulk of the meat products consumed by the Danish population relates to meat products for which there is currently a limit of 60 mg/kg and which would have to be replaced with a limit of 100 or 150 mg/kg.
Osim toga, mora se smatrati da, u skladu s informacijama koje je Danska dostavila, većinu mesnih proizvoda koje dansko stanovništvo troši čine mesni proizvodi za koje je trenutačno ograničenje 60 mg/kg i koje bi trebalo zamijeniti ograničenjem od 100 ili 150 mg/kg.
Although Danish manufacturers, like manufacturers in other Member States, would not be obliged to raise the amounts of nitrites currently added to their products to the maximum levels referred to in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, an increase of the actual exposure of the Danish population to nitrites cannot be excluded.
Iako danski proizvođači, kao i proizvođači u drugim državama članicama ne bi bili obvezni podići razine nitrita koji se trenutačno dodaju njihovim proizvodima do maksimalnih razina iz Uredbe (EZ) br. 1333/2008, ne može se isključiti povećanje stvarnog izlaganja danskog stanovništva nitritima.