natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The smaller the commercial volume of the exploitation of the mark, the more necessary it is for the opposing party to produce additional evidence to dispel any doubts as to its genuineness (08/07/2004, T334/01, Hipoviton, EU:T:2004:223, § 37).
Što je manji komercijalni opseg iskorištavanja žiga, to je važnije da strana koja ulaže prigovor podnese dodatne dokaze kako bi uklonila moguću sumnju u pogledu stvarnosti uporabe (08/07/2004, T334/01, Hipoviton, EU:T:2004:223, § 37).
Concerning the ratio between the turnover generated by the sales of products under the earlier mark and the applicant's annual turnover, it should be noted that the degree of diversification of the activities of undertakings operating in one and the same market varies.
Kada je riječ o omjeru prometa od prodaje proizvoda pod ranijim žigom i godišnjeg prometa podnositelja prijave, treba napomenuti da razina razlikovanja djelatnosti poduzeća koja djeluju na istovjetnom tržištu varira.
Moreover, the obligation to produce evidence of genuine use of an earlier trade mark is not designed to monitor the commercial strategy of an undertaking.
Uostalom, obveza podnošenja dokaza o stvarnoj uporabi ranijeg žiga ne podrazumijeva nadzor komercijalne strategije poduzeća.
It may be economically and objectively justified for an undertaking to market a product or a range of products even if their share in the annual turnover of the undertaking in question is minimal (08/07/2004, T334/01, Hipoviton, EU:T:2004:223, § 49).
Za poduzeće može biti gospodarski i objektivno opravdano da na tržište stavi proizvode ili asortiman proizvoda čak i ako je njihov udio u njegovu godišnjem prometu minimalan (08/07/2004, T334/01, Hipoviton, EU:T:2004:223, § 49).
Special circumstances, for example, lower sales figures during the initial marketing phase of a product, could be of relevance when assessing the genuineness of use (08/07/2004, T334/01, Hipoviton, EU:T:2004:223, § 53).
Prilikom procjene stvarne uporabe mogu biti važne posebne okolnosti, na primjer slabiji prodajni rezultati tijekom početne faze stavljanja proizvoda na tržište (08/07/2004, T334/01, Hipoviton, EU:T:2004:223, § 53).
The initial phase of marketing a product may last more than a few months but it cannot be prolonged indefinitely (18/03/2015, T250/13, SMART WATER, EU:T:2015:160, § 54-55; confirmed 17/03/2016, C252/15 P, SMART WATER, EU:C:2016:178).
Početna faza stavljanja proizvoda na tržište može trajati dulje od nekoliko mjeseci, ali ne može se produljiti na neodređeno vrijeme (18/03/2015, T250/13, SMART WATER, EU:T:2015:160, § 54-55; potvrđeno 17/03/2016, C252/15 P, SMART WATER, EU:C:2016:178).
2.6.2 Examples of insufficient use
Primjeri nedostatne uporabe
2.6.3 Examples of sufficient use
Primjeri dostatne uporabe
2.7 Use of the mark in forms different from that registered
Uporaba žiga u obliku koji se razlikuje od onoga u kojem je registriran
Article 18 EUTMR states that use of the mark in a form different from that registered still constitutes use of the trade mark as long as the differing elements do not alter the distinctive character of the trade mark, regardless of whether or not the trade mark in the form as used is also registered in the name of the proprietor.
Uredbe o žigu EU-a navodi se da se uporaba žiga u obliku koji se razlikuje od oblika u kojem je registriran i dalje smatra uporabom žiga ako različiti elementi ne mijenjaju razlikovni karakter žiga, bez obzira na to je li žig u obliku u kojem se upotrebljava također registriran na ime nositelja.
The purpose of this provision is to allow its proprietor to make variations in the sign that, without altering its distinctive character, enable it to be better adapted to the marketing and promotion requirements of the goods or services concerned (23/02/2006, T194/03, Bainbridge, EU:T:2006:65, § 50).
Svrha je te odredbe omogućiti nositelju žiga da napravi promjene u znaku koje, bez mijenjanja razlikovnog karaktera žiga, omogućuju bolju prilagodbu uvjetima stavljanja na tržište i promoviranja predmetnih proizvoda ili usluga (23/02/2006, T194/03, Bainbridge, EU:T:2006:65, § 50).
The General Court further mentioned that strict conformity between the sign as used and the sign registered is not necessary.
Opći sud nadalje je napomenuo da nije potrebna stroga sukladnost između znaka u uporabi i registriranog znaka.
However, the difference must be in negligible elements and the signs as used and registered must be broadly equivalent (23/02/2006, T194/03, Bainbridge, EU:T:2006:65, § 50).
Međutim, razlika se treba sastojati od zanemarivih elemenata, dok znakovi u uporabi i oni registrirani trebaju biti umnogome jednaki (23/02/2006, T194/03, Bainbridge, EU:T:2006:65, § 50).
In order to decide whether the sign as used and the sign as registered are broadly equivalent, it must first be established what elements are negligible.
Da bi se odlučilo jesu li znak u uporabi i onaj koji je registriran umnogome jednaki najprije treba utvrditi koji su elementi zanemarivi.
The General Court has developed criteria for doing so in several judgments.
Opći sud razvio je kriterije za to u okviru nekoliko presuda.
Paragraph 2.7.2 will deal with these criteria.
U odlomku 2.7.2. obrađuju se ti kriteriji.
Paragraph 2.7.3 will describe Office practice in relation to the ‘variation' of marks, ‘additions' of elements to marks and ‘omissions' of elements of marks.
U odlomku 2.7.3. opisana je praksa Ureda u odnosu na „varijante” žigova, „dodavanja” elemenata žigovima i „izostavljanja” elemenata žigova.
2.7.2 Criteria of the Court
Kriteriji Suda
In brief, the test developed by the Court consists of first determining what the distinctive and dominant elements of the registered sign are and then verifying if they are also present in the sign as used.
Ukratko, test koji je sastavio Sud sastoji se prije svega od određivanja razlikovnih i dominantnih elemenata registriranog znaka, a zatim od provjere jesu li ti elementi prisutni u znaku i tijekom njegove uporabe.
The General Court has held that:
Opći sud smatrao je:
the assessment of the distinctive or dominant character of one or more components of a complex trade mark must be based on the intrinsic qualities of each of those components, as well as on the relative position of the different components within the arrangement of the trade mark (24/11/2005, T135/04, Online Bus, EU:T:2005:419, § 36).
da se procjena razlikovnog ili dominantnog karaktera jednog ili više sastavnih dijelova složenog žiga treba temeljiti na suštinskim svojstvima svakog od tih dijelova, kao i na relativnom položaju različitih sastavnih dijelova unutar žiga (24/11/2005, T135/04, Online Bus, EU:T:2005:419, § 36).
With regard to additions:
Kada je riječ o dodavanjima:
several signs may be used simultaneously without altering the distinctive character of the registered sign (08/12/2005, T29/04, Cristal Castellblanch, EU:T:2005:438, § 34);
može se upotrijebiti nekoliko znakova istodobno, bez mijenjanja razlikovnog karaktera registriranog znaka (08/12/2005, T29/04, Cristal Castellblanch, EU:T:2005:438, § 34);
if the addition is not distinctive, is weak and/or is not dominant, it does not alter the distinctive character of the registered trade mark (30/11/2009, T353/07, Coloris, EU:T:2009:475, § 2933 et seq.; 10/06/2010, T482/08, Atlas Transport, EU:T:2010:229, § 36 et seq.).
dodatak koji nema razlikovni karakter, ili je slab i/ili nije dominantan, ne mijenja razlikovni karakter registriranog žiga (30/11/2009, T353/07, Coloris, EU:T:2009:475, § 2933 et seq.; 10/06/2010, T482/08, Atlas Transport, EU:T:2010:229, § 36 et seq.).
With regard to omissions:
Kada je riječ o izostavljanjima:
if the omitted element is in a secondary position and not distinctive, its omission does not alter the distinctive character of the trade mark (24/11/2005, T135/04, Online Bus, EU:T:2005:419, § 37).
ako izostavljeni element zauzima sekundarni položaj i nema razlikovni karakter, njegovo izostavljanje ne mijenja razlikovni karakter žiga (24/11/2005, T135/04, Online Bus, EU:T:2005:419, § 37).
2.7.3 Office practice
Praksa Ureda
In general, it has to be assessed whether use of the mark constitutes an acceptable or unacceptable ‘variation' of its registered form.
Općenito je potrebno procijeniti predstavlja li uporaba žiga prihvatljivu ili neprihvatljivu „varijantu” njegovog registriranog oblika.
Therefore, there are two questions to be answered.
Prema tome, treba odgovoriti na dva pitanja.
Firstly, it must be clarified what is to be regarded as the distinctive character of the mark as registered .
Prvo treba pojasniti što se smatra razlikovnim karakterom žiga koji je registriran.
Secondly, it must be evaluated whether the mark as used alters this distinctive character.
Drugo, treba procijeniti mijenja li žig u uporabi taj razlikovni karakter.
These questions have to be answered on a case-by-case basis.
Na ta pitanja treba odgovoriti od slučaja do slučaja.
[6: See the Guidelines, Part C, Opposition, Section 2, Double Identity and Likelihood of Confusion, Chapter 4, Comparison of Signs.]
[6: Pogledajte Smjernice, dio C, Prigovor, odjeljak 2., Istovjetnost i vjerojatnost dovođenja u zabludu, poglavlje 4., Uspoređivanje znakova.]
There is interdependence between the strength of the distinctive character of a mark and the effect of alterations.
Postoji međuovisnost između snage razlikovnog karaktera žiga i učinka izmjena.
Marks of strong distinctive character may be less influenced by changes than marks of limited distinctiveness.
Izmjene će manje utjecati na žigove s jakim razlikovnim karakterom nego na žigove s ograničenom razlikovnošću.
Adding elements to or omitting elements from the mark are more likely to affect the distinctive character of marks of limited distinctiveness.
Dodavanje ili izostavljanje elemenata iz žiga vjerojatnije će utjecati na razlikovni karakter žigova čija je razlikovnost ograničena.
Where a mark is composed of several elements, only one or some of which are distinctive and have rendered the mark as a whole registrable, an alteration of that distinctive element(s) or its omission or replacement by another element will generally mean that the distinctive character is altered.
Kada se žig sastoji od nekoliko elemenata, od kojih samo jedan ili neki od njih imaju razlikovni karakter, zahvaljujući kojima se žig u cjelini može registrirati, mijenjanje tih razlikovnih elemenata ili njihovo izostavljanje ili zamjena drugim elementom općenito znači da je promijenjen razlikovni karakter žiga.
In order to determine whether the use of a variation of the mark should be accepted or whether the distinctive character is altered, account must be taken of the practices in the branch of business or trade concerned and the relevant public.
Za utvrđivanje prihvaćanja uporabe varijante žiga ili mijenjanja razlikovnog karaktera žiga, treba voditi računa o trgovačkoj praksi ili praksi u predmetnoj grani poslovanja te o relevantnoj javnosti.
The following paragraphs contain a number of practical guidelines for assessing whether additions (paragraph 2.7.3.1), omissions (paragraph 2.7.3.2) and alterations in the form of the sign as used (paragraph 2.7.3.3) alter the distinctive character of the registered trade mark.
U sljedećim odlomcima naveden je niz praktičnih smjernica za procjenu mijenjaju li dodavanja (odlomak 2.7.3.1.), izostavljanja (odlomak 2.7.3.2.) i izmjene oblika znaka koji je u uporabi (odlomak 2.7.3.3.) razlikovni karakter registriranog žiga.
2.7.3.1 Additions
Dodavanja
As indicated above, with regard to additions, (i) several signs may be used simultaneously without altering the distinctive character of the registered sign and (ii) if the addition is non-distinctive or weak and/or not dominant, it does not alter the distinctive character of the registered trade mark.
Kao što je prethodno navedeno u pogledu dodavanja, i. moguće je upotrebljavati nekoliko znakova istodobno bez mijenjanja razlikovnog karaktera registriranog znaka i ii. ako dodavanje nema razlikovni karakter ili je slabo i/ili nije dominantno, ono ne mijenja razlikovni karakter registriranog žiga.
The following paragraphs provide examples of these two types of scenarios:
U sljedećim odlomcima navedeni su primjeri tih dviju vrsta scenarija:
use of several signs simultaneously;
uporaba nekoliko znakova istodobno;
additions of other verbal elements;
dodavanja drugih verbalnih elemenata;
additions of figurative elements.
dodavanja figurativnih elemenata.
Use of several marks or signs simultaneously
Uporaba nekoliko žigova ili znakova istodobno
It is quite common in some market areas for goods and services to bear not only their individual mark, but also the mark of the business or product group (‘house mark').
U nekim područjima tržišta sasvim je uobičajeno da su proizvodi i usluge označeni ne samo svojim pojedinačnim žigom, nego i žigom poduzeća ili skupine proizvoda („matični žig”).
In these cases, the registered mark is not used in a different form, but the two independent marks are validly used at the same time.
U tim okolnostima žig se ne upotrebljava u drukčijem obliku, već se dva odvojena žiga valjano upotrebljavaju istodobno.
There is no legal precept in the European Union trade mark system that obliges the opponent to provide evidence of the earlier mark alone when genuine use is required within the meaning of Article 47 EUTMR.
Ne postoji pravni propis u sustavu žigova Europske unije kojim se podnositelj prigovora obvezuje na pružanje dokaza samo o ranijem žigu kada se stvarna uporaba nalaže u smislu članka 47.
It is common practice in the trade to depict independent marks in different sizes and typeface, so these clear differences, which emphasise the house mark, indicate that two different marks are being used jointly but autonomously (07/08/2014, R 1880/20131, HEALTHPRESSO / PRESSO, § 42).
Uobičajena je trgovačka praksa prikazivati neovisne žigove različitih veličina i tipografskih obilježja pa te jasne razlike, koje naglašavaju matični žig, pokazuju da se dva različita žiga upotrebljavaju zajednički, ali samostalno (07/08/2014, R 1880/20131, HEALTHPRESSO / PRESSO, § 42).
The Court has confirmed that the condition of genuine use of a registered trade mark may be satisfied both where it has been used as part of another composite mark or where it is used in conjunction with another mark, even if the combination of marks is itself registered as a trade mark (18/04/2013, C12/12, Colloseum Holding, EU:C:2013:253, § 36.).
Sud je potvrdio da se uvjet stvarne uporabe registriranog žiga može ispuniti i kada se žig upotrebljava kao dio nekog drugog složenog žiga ili kada se upotrebljava u kombinaciji s nekim drugim žigom, čak i ako je takva kombinacija žigova sama po sebi registrirana kao žig (18/04/2013, C12/12, Colloseum Holding, EU:C:2013:253, § 36.).
Similarly, the Court has clarified that use can be genuine where a figurative mark is used in conjunction with a word mark superimposed over it, even if the combination of those two marks is itself registered, to the extent that the differences between the form in which that trade mark is used and that in which it was registered do not change the distinctive character of that trade mark as registered (18/07/2013, C252/12, Specsavers, EU:C:2013:497, § 31).
Slično tome, Sud je pojasnio da uporaba može biti stvarna kada se figurativni žig upotrebljava u kombinaciji s verbalnim žigom koji se nalazi iznad njega, čak i ako je kombinacija tih dviju oznaka sama po sebi registrirana, ako razlike između oblika u kojem se taj žig upotrebljava i oblika u kojem je registriran ne mijenjaju razlikovni karakter tog žiga kako je registriran (18/07/2013, C252/12, Specsavers, EU:C:2013:497, § 31).
It is up to the opponent to provide evidence that the additional sign is in fact an independent mark or sign, which refers, for instance, to the company mark, the manufacturer, etc.
Podnositelj prigovora mora dokazati da je dodatni znak zapravo neovisan žig ili znak koji se, na primjer, odnosi na žig poduzeća, proizvođača itd.
On the other hand, doubt could be cast on the genuineness of use in cases where the registered mark, when used together with another mark is perceived as a mere decorative element.
S druge strane, u stvarnost uporabe može se posumnjati ako se registrirani žig, kada se upotrebljava s drugim žigom, doživljava kao samo dekorativni element.
Addition of other verbal elements
Dodavanje drugih verbalnih elemenata
In principle, a difference in words or even letters constitutes an alteration of the distinctive character of the mark.
Razlika u riječima ili čak slovima načelno se smatra izmjenom razlikovnog karaktera žiga.
However, in the following three paragraphs a number of situations are described where additions are acceptable.
Ipak, u sljedeća tri odlomka opisane su brojne situacije u kojima su dodavanja elemenata prihvatljiva.
The fourth paragraph provides examples of unacceptable additions.
U četvrtom odlomku navedeni su primjeri neprihvatljivih dodavanja.
Addition of non-dominant elements
Dodavanje nedominantnih elemenata
Additions with generic or descriptive meaning
Dodavanja s generičkim ili opisnim značenjem
Use of a registered word mark (or any other mark) together with a generic indication of the product or descriptive term will be considered as use of the registered mark.
Uporaba registriranog verbalnog žiga (ili bilo kojeg drugog žiga) zajedno s generičkom oznakom proizvoda ili opisnim izrazom smatra se uporabom registriranog žiga.
Additions that are just indications of characteristics of the goods and services, such as their kind, quality, quantity, intended purpose, value, geographical origin or the time of production of the goods or of rendering of the services, do not in general constitute use of a variant but use of the mark itself.
Dodavanje elemenata koji su samo naznake obilježja proizvoda i usluga, kao što su naznake o njihovoj vrsti, kakvoći, količini, predviđenoj namjeni, vrijednosti, zemljopisnom podrijetlu ili vremenu proizvodnje proizvoda ili pružanja usluga općenito se ne smatra uporabom varijante žiga, već uporabom njega samog.
Other acceptable additions
Druga prihvatljiva dodavanja
The addition of insignificant elements such as punctuation marks does not alter distinctive character:
Dodavanje beznačajnih elemenata, kao što su interpunkcijski znakovi, ne mijenja razlikovni karakter:
In the same way, the use of plural or singular forms in meaningful words (for instance, by adding/omitting a letter ‘s' in English or other languages) normally does not alter distinctive character:
Na isti način uporabom oblika značajnih riječi u jednini ili množini (npr. dodavanjem/ispuštanjem slova „s” u engleskom ili nekim drugim jezicima) u pravilu se ne mijenja razlikovni karakter žiga:
The addition of the ‘type of enterprise' is also acceptable:
Dodavanje „vrste poduzeća” također je prihvatljivo:
Unacceptable additions
Neprihvatljiva dodavanja
Addition of figurative elements
Dodavanje figurativnih elemenata
In cases where the figurative element plays only a minor role, being merely decorative, the distinctive character of the sign as registered is not affected.
Manja uloga figurativnog elementa, samo kao dekoracije, ne utječe na razlikovni karakter znaka kako je registriran.
2.7.3.2 Omissions
Izostavljanja
When considering ‘omissions' of elements of a mark in its used form, care has to be taken to check that the distinctive character of the mark has not been altered.
Pri razmatranju „izostavljanja” elemenata žiga u obliku u kojemu se upotrebljava, mora se obratiti pažnja na to da se procijeni je li promijenjen razlikovni karakter žiga.
If the omitted element is in a secondary position and not distinctive, its omission does not alter the mark (24/11/2005, T135/04, Online Bus, EU:T:2005:419).
Ako izostavljeni element zauzima sekundarni položaj i nema razlikovni karakter, njegovim se izostavljanjem ne mijenja žig (24/11/2005, T135/04, Online Bus, EU:T:2005:419).
Omissions of non-dominant elements
Izostavljanje nedominantnih elemenata
Omissions of generic or descriptive elements
Izostavljanja generičkih ili opisnih elemenata
Where a registered mark contains a generic indication of the product or descriptive term, and this term is omitted in the used form of the sign, such use will be considered as use of the registered mark.
Kada registrirani žig sadržava generičku oznaku proizvoda ili opisni izraz, pri čemu je taj izraz izostavljen u obliku znaka koji se upotrebljava, takva uporaba smatra se uporabom registriranog žiga.
Omissions that are just indications of characteristics of the goods and services, such as their kind, quality, quantity, intended purpose, value, geographical origin or the time of production of the goods or of rendering of the services, in general constitute use of an acceptable variant.
Izostavljanje elemenata koji su samo naznaka obilježja proizvoda i usluga, kao što su naznake o njihovoj vrsti, kakvoći, količini, predviđenoj namjeni, vrijednosti, zemljopisnom podrijetlu ili vremenu proizvodnje proizvoda ili pružanja usluga, općenito se smatra uporabom prihvatljive varijante žiga.
Other acceptable omissions
Ostala prihvatljiva izostavljanja
The omission of insignificant prepositions does not alter the distinctive character:
Izostavljanje beznačajnih prijedloga ne mijenja razlikovni karakter:
There are instances where the earlier sign is composed of a distinctive verbal element (or several) and a figurative element (or several), with the latter perceived by the relevant public as banal.
Postoje slučajevi u kojima se raniji znak sastoji od razlikovnog verbalnog elementa (ili više njih) i figurativnog elementa (ili više njih), pri čemu javnost potonji doživljava kao običan.
Such banal elements are considered non-distinctive, and their omission does not change the distinctive character of the sign.
Takvi obični elementi smatraju se nerazlikovnima, pri čemu njihovo izostavljanje ne mijenja razlikovni karakter znaka.
Therefore, it is important to establish which elements influence the distinctive character of the mark and how consumers will perceive them.
Prema tome, važno je utvrditi koji elementi utječu na razlikovni karakter žiga i kako će ih potrošači doživljavati.
The omission of the transliteration of a term is generally considered as an acceptable alteration.
Izostavljanje transliteracije izraza općenito se smatra prihvatljivom izmjenom.
Unacceptable omissions
Neprihvatljiva izostavljanja
In cases where the figurative element is the dominant or distinctive element and not merely decorative or banal, its omission can alter the distinctive character of the sign.
Kada figurativni element dominira ili je razlikovan, a ne samo dekorativan ili običan, njegovo izostavljanje može promijeniti razlikovni karakter žiga.
2.7.3.3 Other alterations
Ostale izmjene
Acceptable alterations
Prihvatljive izmjene
Word marks
Verbalni žigovi
Word marks are considered used as registered regardless of typeface, use of upper/lower case or colour.
Smatra se da su verbalni žigovi upotrebljavani kako su registrirani, bez obzira na oblik slova, uporabu velikih/malih slova ili boju.
It would not be correct to analyse this type of use from the perspective of whether distinctive character is altered.
Analiza te vrste uporabe u pogledu izmjene razlikovnog karaktera žiga nije pravilna.
However, a very particular typeface (highly stylised) may lead to a different conclusion.
Ipak, vrlo poseban oblik slova (izrazito stiliziran) može navesti na drugačiji zaključak.
Changing the letter size or switching between upper/lower case is customary when using word marks.
Mijenjanje veličine slova ili izmjena velikih/malih slova uobičajena je u uporabi verbalnih žigova.
Therefore, such use is considered use of the registered mark.
Prema tome, takva se uporaba smatra uporabom registriranog žiga.
Word marks are registered in black and white.
Verbalni žigovi registrirani su u crnoj i bijeloj boji.
It is customary to use marks in colour.
Uporaba žigova u boji uobičajena je.
Such use does not constitute a variant but use of the registered mark.
Takva uporaba ne predstavlja varijantu žiga, već uporabu registriranog žiga.
Figurative marks
Figurativni žigovi