natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Croatia too is a signatory and for two years its ratification has been planned as part of the project entitled “Application of the Aarhus Convention in Croatia”.
I Hrvatska je potpisnica te konvencije te se već dvije godine priprema njezina ratifikacija unutar projekta Primjena Aarhuške konvencije u Hrvatskoj.
How Denmark mastered the Convention?
Kako je Danska svladala Aarhušku konvenciju?
Denmark was the first country to ratify the Convention, even going beyond its demands as far as public access to information and public participation are concerned.
Danska je prva zemlja koja je ratificirala Konvenciju te pritom otišla čak i dalje od njezinih zahtjeva kad je riječ o informiranju i sudjelovanju javnosti.
For several decades Danish society has been a leader in many areas of nature protection.
Danska se oduvijek smatrala progresivnom zemljom u zaštiti okoliša, osobito zbog demokratizacije svoje politike zaštite okoliša.
Of course, it is one thing to sign a convention and another to incorporate it into national legislation and then breathe life into it.
Naravno, jedno je potpisati konvenciju, a drugo je prenijeti je u nacionalno zakonodavstvo te joj primjenom udahnuti život.
In Denmark, preparations for the ratification started in 1999.
U Danskoj su pripreme za ratifikaciju počele 1999.
In order to meet the demands of the convention, the Danish environmental protection and energy ministry attempted from the very beginning to open the procedure as much as possible.
Kako bi se ispunili zahtjevi Konvencije, dansko Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i energije pokušalo je već od samog početka što više otvoriti postupak javnosti.
It organised a conference at which government officials, NGOs and journalists discussed the Convention, and at the same time launched a powerful media campaign.
Ministarstvo je organiziralo konferenciju na kojoj su državni službenici, nevladine udruge i novinari raspravljali o Konvenciji, a stodobno je pokrenuta i jaka medijska kampanja.
At the end of 1999, a draft law was opened for public discussion so as to elicit as many comments and proposals about the ratification.
Krajem 1999. prijedlog nacrta zakona ponovno je pušten u javnu raspravu kako bi se prikupilo što više komentara i prijedloga o ratifikaciji Konvencije.
Finally, all the comments from all debates were collected, and the proposal was sent to Parliament for reading.
Konačno su prikupljeni komentari sa svih javnih rasprava i prijedlog zakona je krenuo u parlament na čitanje.
The law was proclaimed in May and officially came into force in September 2000.
Zakon je proglašen u svibnju i službeno stupio na snagu u rujnu 2000. godine.
From that moment on many things changed for Denmark.
Od tog trenutka mnoge su se stvari u Danskoj promijenile.
First of all, 13 environmental protection laws had to be changed.
Za početak, trebalo je promijeniti 13 zakona s područja zaštite okoliša.
Of special difficulty were objections according to the third pillar of the Convention (access to justice in questions of environmental protection), because the NGOs that deal with environmental protection matters had, in the ratification of the Convention, won the right to appeal to the courts.
Osobito je bilo teško ostvariti prava na žalbu prema trećem stupu Konvencije (pristup pravosuđu u pitanjima zaštite okoliša) jer su sve nevladine udruge koje se bave pitanjima zaštite okoliša ratifikacijom Konvencije dobile pravo žalbe pred sudbenim tijelima.
The same right was given to other NGOs that do not perhaps deal only with environmental problems.
Isto je pravo dano i drugim nevladinim udrugama koje se ne bave možda samo pitanjima zaštite okoliša.
Denmark had thus gone a step further than the Conference.
Danska je u tome učinila i korak dalje u odnosu prema zahtjevima Konvencije.
In brief, Denmark undertook five major steps.
Ukratko, Danska je poduzela pet velikih koraka.
• It settled the matter of access to special documents - the question of access to documents, reports and various materials in the possession of government departments or the corporate sector was changed and handled by a Public Law, Law on the Administration and Law on the right of access to data (the Aarhus Law).
• Riješila je pitanje pristupa posebnim dokumentima - pitanje pristupa dokumentima, izvještajima i raznim materijalima u posjedu tijela državne uprave ili poduzeća promijenjeno je i riješeno u Zakonu o javnosti, Zakonu o državnoj upravi i Zakonu o pravu pristupa podacima (Aarhuški zakon).
• Access to information was enhanced - in line with the Convention, bodies of the administration are bound to store all relevant and properly processed environmental information in electronic form.
• Ojačala je pristup informacijama - u skladu s Konvencijom, tijela državne uprave obvezna su u elektroničkom obliku pohraniti sve relevantne i pravilno obrađene informacije o okolišu.
This obligation refers not only to central government but to all lower levels, which is of exceptional importance for the information network and system.
Ta se obveza uza središnju odnosi i na sve niže razine vlasti, što je od izuzetne važnosti za informacijsku mrežu i sustav.
• Public participation in the decision making process has been stepped up - public debates and public participation during the decision making process were common practice in Denmark even before, in line with the laws concerning physical planning, nature protection and during environmental impact assessments.
• Ojačano je sudjelovanje javnosti pri donošenju odluka - javne rasprave i sudjelovanje javnosti u donošenju odluka bile su uobičajena praksa u Danskoj i prije, u skladu sa zakonima o prostornom planiranju i zaštiti prirode ili prilikom procjene utjecaja na okoliš.
Additional rules concerning public debate and public participation before and during the making of given decisions came with the ratification of the Convention.
Ratifikacijom Konvencije uspostavljena su dodatna pravila o javnim raspravama i sudjelovanju javnosti prije i u sklopu donošenja određenih odluka.
• Encouragement of group participation - in certain cases, NGOs have greater rights than individuals and are encouraged to combine forces in order to work better for the final outcome.
• Poticanje na grupno sudjelovanje - u određenim slučajevima nevladine udruge imaju veća prava nego pojedinci te Danska potiče pojedince na udruživanje snaga kako bi mogli bolje djelovati na konačne ishode.
Here it is primarily the right to be listened to that is thought of, with the right of objection and the right to be informed about decisions (like, for example, the new right of the exceptionally strong and well-known Danish NGO Nature, to have all official decisions in connection with environmental protection sent to it).
Pritom se prije svega misli na pravo da se bude saslušan, pravo prigovora ili pravo obaviještenosti o odlukama (tako je, primjerice, novo pravo izuzetno jake i poznate nevladine udruge za zaštitu prirode Danish Natur da joj se šalju sve službene odluke u vezi sa zaštitom prirode).
• Access to the courts has been made easier - special rules of appeal are governed by special regulations.
• Olakšan je pristup pravosuđu -pravila žalbe regulirana su posebnim propisima.
What is essential for all competent bodies is that their written decisions must all contain instructions about how to appeal, which include information about the appeal procedure, and to whom and where to appeal in line with the procedure.
Za sva je nadležna tijela bitno da sve njihove pisane odluke ubuduće moraju sadržavati upute o žalbi u kojima moraju biti i podaci o postupku žalbe, o tome gdje se i kome se treba žaliti u skladu s postupkom.
After making very great efforts to apply the Convention at home, Denmark decided to put in extra work as well.
Nakon silnog truda da što bolje primijeni Konvenciju u svojoj zemlji, Danska je odlučila uložiti i dodatni trud.
In its “Environmental protection matters assistance strategy for countries of Eastern Europe during 2001-2006” (Ministry of Environment and Energy, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, 2001).
Strategijom pomoći u pitanjima okoliša zemljama istočne Europe u razdoblju 2001-2006 (Ministry of Environment and Energy, Danish Environmental Protection Agency, 2001).
Denmark earmarked assistance in preparations for the ratification and implementation of the Convention as one of the priority areas for assistance.
Danska je kao jedno od prioritetnih područja pomoći izdvojila i pomoć u pripremama za ratifikaciju i primjenu Konvencije.
How Denmark assisted Estonia to ratify the Aarhus convention?
Kako je Danska pomogla Estoniji da ratificira Aarhušku konvenciju?
Estonia immediately applied to Denmark for the assistance programmes on offer.
Estonija se odmah javila Danskoj za ponuđene programe pomoći.
With powerful support from its environmental protection agency (DEPA), Denmark set enthusiastically out on this project with Estonia.
Danska je uz snažnu potporu svoje agencije za zaštitu okoliša (DEPA) revno krenula s Estonijom u taj projekt.
The situation before the ratification seemed fairly hopeful.
Situacija prije ratifikacije izgledala je dosta povoljno.
Before ratifying the Convention Estonia had already known some of the elements, and all the necessary amendments of the relevant laws were effected in the shortest possible time.
Estonija je već i prije ratifikacije poznavala neke elemente Konvencije, a sve potrebne izmjene i dopune relevantnih zakona obavljene su u najkraćemu mogućem roku.
In spite of the rapid changes of the laws and regulations, the process Estonia has had to go through has been anything but painless.
Unatoč brzim izmjenama predmetnih propisa, postupak kroz koji je prošla Estonija bio je daleko od bezbolnoga.
Although the Estonian government always said the Convention would be ratified as soon as possible, the first major logjam came when the Convention was being ratified.
Iako je estonska Vlada isticala da će Konvencija biti ratificirana što je prije moguće, prvi je veći zastoj nastao već prilikom ratifikacije.
The Cabinet needed almost half a year to think carefully through the effects of ratification and to find out whether the demands of the third pillar - access to the courts - were in line with the judicial system in Estonia.
Kabinetu Vlade trebalo je gotovo pola godine da pomno razmotri učinke ratifikacije te da istraži jesu li zahtjevi trećeg stupa Konvencije - pristupa pravosuđu - u skladu sa sustavom sudova u Estoniji.
And then, after all the principles of the Convention had nevertheless been adopted and incorporated into Estonian legislation, a number of challenges in connection with practical implementation showed up.
Nadalje, nakon što su načela Konvencije ipak usvojena i ugrađena u estonsko zakonodavstvo, iskrsnuli su mnogi izazovi u vezi s praktičnom primjenom.
The first difficult matter was to train the civil service for its new obligations.
Prvi je problematični korak bilo dodatno osposobljavanje uprave za nove obveze.
A special guide was made for officials explaining the fulfilment of the demands of the Convention in everyday work, and in particular in complex procedures of environmental impact assessment and the issue of permits related to the environment and physical planning.
Za državne službenike napravljen je poseban vodič koji objašnjava ispunjenje zahtjeva Konvencije u svakodnevnom radu, a osobito u složenim postupcima procjene utjecaja na okoliš ili izdavanja dozvola vezanih uz okoliš i prostorno planiranje.
The guide also explains which kinds of information the public must have access to, depending on the phase of the procedure in the making of some decision; or to which the general public should have no access.
Vodič također objašnjava kojim vrstama podataka/informacija javnosti mora biti omogućen pristup, ovisno i o fazi postupka donošenja neke odluke ili kojim podacima šira publika ne smije imati pristup.
However, the main barrier in the way of good application of the Convention was the fact that the Estonians were not really very aware of political openness and the liberal and democratic spirit that it brought with it.
Međutim, glavna prepreka dobroj primjeni Konvencije bila je činjenica da Estonci u biti nisu bili svjesni političke otvorenosti ni liberalno-demokratskog duha koji ona donosi.
The government departments were not only faced with the implementation of the new requirements defined in the convention, but the demanding convention went even further.
Istodobno, tijela državne uprave ne samo što su bila suočena s primjenjivanjem novih zahtjeva iz Konvencije, već je “zahtjevna Konvencija” u tome išla još dalje.
A new obligation was imposed on the civil service departments to keep the public constantly informed about new rights and also about where, when and how the public could best avail itself of these rights.
Tijela državne uprave dobila su i novu obvezu da stalno obavještavaju javnost o njezinim novim pravima, kao i o tome gdje će, kada i kako moći najbolje iskoristiti svoja prava.
For this reason what was facing them was in essence two mutually dependent tasks: (1) the right of immediate participation during the making of decisions was a novelty to many individuals, primarily because of the convictions and inherited beliefs that it was impossible to trust government departments and it was pointless to take part in any way at all; and (2) the bodies of the administration thus had to be very open and vocal about the new rights of members of the public and actively encourage them to take part.
Stoga su ih u biti čekala dva složena međusobno uvjetovana zadatka: (1) pravo neposrednog sudjelovanja prilikom donošenja odluka bila je novost mnogim pojedincima, ponajprije zbog shvaćanja i naslijeđenih stavova da se državnim tijelima ne treba vjerovati te da je besmislena svaka suradnja s njima; i (2) tijela državne uprave trebaju zato biti što otvorenija i glasnija o novim pravima građana te ih aktivno poticati na sudjelovanje.
At the first moment it seemed that these tasks were so difficult of achievement that the ratification of the Convention had perhaps been hurried since a fair lot more time would be required before it could come to life in the minds of the Estonian public.
U prvi se tren činilo da će se ti zadaci izuzetno teško ostvariti te da je možda ratifikacija Konvencije preuranjena jer će biti potrebno još dosta vremena da ona zaživi u glavama građana Estonije.
But in the end it was not like this.
No, srećom, na kraju ipak nije bilo tako.
One indirect confirmation of good practice in Estonia is what would seem at first sight to be an unimportant but actually extremely indicative datum.
Posredan dokaz dobre prakse u Estoniji može biti i jedan, na prvi pogled možda nevažan, ali vrlo indikativan, posredan podatak.
This is the Government's project for opening the Internet portal “Today I Decide” which gives the public the opportunity to comment on all new regulations, or possibilities to send to the competent bodies their own proposals for regulations.
Riječ je o Vladinu projektu otvaranja Internet portala Danas odlučujem ja (Today I Decide), kojim se javnosti omogućilo da komentira sve prijedloge novih propisa ili da nadležnim tijelima šalje svoje prijedloge propisa.
In less than a year, various ministries obtained 300 commentaries on the proposals and almost as many proposed regulations from citizens (from demands for the introduction of summer working time to requests for the implementation of capital punishment).
Za manje od godine dana razna su ministarstva dobila gotovo 300 komentara na prijedloge i gotovo još toliko novih prijedloga propisa od svojih građana (od zahtjeva za uvođenjem ljetnoga radnog vremena do zahtjeva za uvođenjem smrtne kazne).
However, statistics from the portal show that there were fewest of all proposals and comments about environmental protection matters (a mere handful).
Međutim, statistike portala pokazuju da je najmanje prijedloga i komentara bilo o pitanjima zaštite okoliša (samo nekoliko).
This suggests that all interest groups, from individuals to the most aggressive NGOs, had clearly successfully and contentedly used the new rights (access to data, participation during decision making or access to the judiciary) acquired in the Convention, and that they paid almost no attention to this new and then fairly popular channel of communication between the government and the public.
To upućuje na zaključak da su se sve interesne skupine, od pojedinaca do najagresivnijih nevladinih udruga, očito uspješno i zadovoljno koristile novim pravima stečenim Konvencijom (pristup podacima, sudjelovanje prilikom donošenja odluka ili pristup pravosuđu) te da se gotovo nisu ni osvrnuli na taj novi, tada poprilično popularan komunikacijski kanal između javnosti i Vlade.
It is clear from everything shown, that the Convention, if it is ratified and starts being implemented, will radically change the relations between government departments and the public, giving rise to much more vigorous dialogues and interactions.
Iz svega prikazanog jasno je da Konvencija, ako se ratificira i počne primjenjivati, iz korijena mijenja odnos javnosti i tijela državne uprave uzrokujući intenzivnije dijaloge i interakcije.
And this is why it is difficult to accept it at first in countries that have been through authoritarian forms of government with a practice of cutting out their citizens, first of all by not giving them information, and then by closing off any participation from them in the decision making process.
Zato je u početku otežano prihvaćaju zemlje koje su imale autoritarna politička uređenja s praksom isključivanja svojih građana bilo neinformiranjem, bilo nemogućnošću sudjelovanja u postupcima donošenja odluka.
What is the problem in Croatia?
Što je problem u Hrvatskoj?
Croatia is also involved in this Danish programme, in the project “Assistance to Croatia during application of the Aarhus Convention” (MZOUP, 2002).
U danskom se programu pomoći našla i Hrvatska u sklopu projekta Pomoć Hrvatskoj prilikom primjene Aarhuške konvencije (Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i prostornog uređenja, 2002).
This project was officially launched in January 2002, and is still going on.
Projekt je službeno počeo u siječnju 2002. i još uvijek traje.
It set off ambitiously with an analysis of all Croatian regulations that cover the areas from the first two pillars of the convention, the third pillar being left for some subsequent project.
Zahtjevno je krenuo s analizom svih hrvatskih propisa koji pokrivaju područja iz prva dva stupa Konvencije, dok je treći stup ostavljen za neki idući projekt.
Within the framework of the project, a number of inter-ministerial working groups were held, at which the representatives of all the ministries were able to comment on the requirements of the Convention and to make their own proposals and give the best solutions for the adoption of these requirements.
U sklopu projekta održan je i niz interministarskih radnih skupina na kojima su predstavnici svih ministarstava mogli komentirati zahtjeve Konvencije te davati svoje prijedloge i najbolja rješenja za usvajanje tih zahtjeva.
A number of visits were made to the local administrative offices (county, town, municipality) that can expect to have a lot of new obligations and great changes.
Organizirana su i brojna putovanja u županijske, gradske i općinske urede državne uprave koji će dobiti mnoštvo novih obveza i doživjeti velike promjene.
The whole time there was essential work with the non-governmental sector that deals with environmental protection matters and that would particularly benefit from the ratification of the Convention.
Cijelo je vrijeme bio neizostavan i rad s nevladinim udrugama koje se bave pitanjima zaštite okoliša, a kojima će ratifikacija Konvencije osobito koristiti.
But with all the effort, the results of this work are still almost impossible to discern.
No uza sav trud, rezultati rada još su uvijek jedva vidljivi.
The cause for this might be a fair absence of any political will (unlike the situation in Estonia) to have the Convention ratified as soon as possible, since the results of the analyses carried out do not suggest there are any insuperable obstacles to the ratification in Croatia, which signed the Convention among the very first.
Uzrok tome mogao bi biti i priličan nedostatak političke volje (za razliku od situacije u Estoniji) da se Konvencija što prije ratificira jer rezultati obavljenih analiza ne upućuju na prevelike prepreke ratifikaciji u Hrvatskoj, koja je potpisnica Konvencije od njezina prvog dana.
We can say that in Croatia there are certain reluctances in connection with the requirements of the first pillar of the Convention, public data access:
Možemo reći da su u Hrvatskoj očite sljedeće (ne)spremnosti na zahtjeve prvog stupa Konvencije o pristupu javnosti podacima.
• Application of the Convention assures everyone the right to have access to specific information, which might necessitate time for identification and processing.
• Primjena Konvencije svakome jamci mogućnosti pristupa specifičnim informacijama, što može iziskivati dosta vremena za identifikaciju i procesuiranje.
Information is in most cases stored in bodies with environmental jurisdiction at the local or regional level (country, city, municipality - the offices for environmental protection).
Informacije su većinom pohranjene samo u tijelima nadležnima za okoliš na lokalnoj ili regionalnoj razini (županijski, općinski, gradski uredi za zaštitu okoliša).
For these officials, the Convention involves the introduction of new working routines and new manners of meeting applications.
Za te državne službenike Konvencija zahtijeva uvođenje novih radnih rutina i nove načine ispunjavanja zahtjeva u usporedbi s postojećom praksom.
Current practice, as measured in a project considering a random sample of four counties, involves the reception of 30 to 200 applications for information a year, while the cities receive more than 300 requests (Osijek); Dubrovnik even from 800 to 1200 applications a year (MZOUP, 2002).
Sadašnja praksa, mjerena u sklopu projekta na slučajnom uzorku od četiri županije, pokazuje da županije primaju godišnje 30 do 200 zahtjeva za informacijama o okolišu, dok neki gradovi primaju i više od 300 zahtjeva (Osijek), a u Dubrovniku čak 800 do 1000 zahtjeva u godini ((Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i prostornog uređenja, 2002).
An application can be anything from a phone call to an application in written form, which means that a file about it has to be opened.
Zahtjev može biti bilo što, od telefonskog poziva o specifičnom pitanju koji se obavi za dvije minute do zahtjeva poslanoga u pismenom obliku, što vodi otvaranju administrativnog predmeta o tom upitu.
However, how to proceed if the public department does not have the information required is not specified in the law.
Međutim, način daljnjeg postupanja u slučaju da javne službe ne posjeduju tražene informacije nije predviđen zakonom.
In this case, the General Administrative Procedure Law has to be applied (NN 53/91), which binds all departments and defines their working procedures.
U tom je slučaju primjenjiv Zakon o općem upravnom postupku (NN 53/91), koji općenito obvezuje sva upravna tijela i njihove radne postupke.
It is another matter if this is the reasonable period of time that the Convention refers to.
Pitanje je može li se to smatrati razumnim rokom na koji upućuje Konvencija.
• Various procedures related to the following questions have also been discovered: the various time limitations and levels of ambition related to responses to applications, and various perceptions about whether all information seekers need to be treated in the same way.
• Otkriveni su i različiti postupci vezani za pitanja različitih vremenskih ograničenja i različitih razina ambicija glede odgovora na zahtjeve te različitih percepcija o tome trebaju li se svi tražitelji informacija tretirati jednako.
There is one requirement that is at odds with administrative procedure in Croatia.
Postoji još jedan zahtjev u opreci s upravnim postupkom u Hrvatskoj.
The General Administrative Procedure Law recognises only parties in a procedure or those who are not but have nevertheless managed to prove their interest in a procedure.
Zakon o općem upravnom postupku poznaje samo stranke postupka ili one koji to nisu, ali su uspjeli dokazati svoj interes za postupak.