natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
It is important to mention that representatives of the War Crimes' Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Serbia, Office of the Prosecutor of the BiH, Chief State Prosecutor's Office of Montenegro, Office of the Federal Prosecutor of the BiH Republic Prosecutor's Office of the Republic of Srpska and representatives of Brčko District Prosecutor's Office in BiH.
Bitno je napomenuti da su na Konferenciji na Brijunima sudjelovali predstavnici Tužiteljstva za ratne zločine Republike Srbije, Tužiteljstva BiH, Vrhovnog državnog tužiteljstva Crne Gore, Federalnog tužiteljstva Federacije BiH i Republičkog tužiteljstva Republike Srpske te Tužiteljstva Distrikta Brčko BiH.
2) Impartiality of Croatian courts
2) Nepristranost hrvatskih sudova
The above mentioned analysis of the number of convictions in cases of war crimes lead to the following findings:
U gore navedenoj Analizi o broju presuđenih osoba u predmetima ratnih zločina došlo se do slijedećih saznanja:
Out of 146 persons with final convictions, 24 are members of the HV(16%), while 122 persons are members of the JNA (84%).
Od 146 pravomoćno presuđenih osoba, 24 osobe su pripadnici HV-a (16%), dok su 122 osobe pripadnici JNA (84%).
Out of 49 persons with pending convictions, 23 are members of the HV (47%), while 26 of them are members of the JNA (53%).
Od 49 nepravomoćno presuđenih osoba, 23 osobe su pripadnici HV-a (47%), dok je 26 osoba pripadnika JNA (53%).
There is a continuity with regard to the number of verdicts rendered during the years.
Prisutan je kontinuitet u broju presuda donesenih tijekom godina.
In fact, in 2005 14 verdicts were passed, in 2006
Naime, 2005.g. je doneseno 14 presuda, 2006.g.
19 verdicts, in 2007
19 presuda, 2007.g.
10 verdicts, and in 2009
10 presuda, 2009.g.
24 verdicts.
24 presude.
The ratio of the listed convictions was stabilised on 35% of the HV members and 65% of the JNA members.
Omjer navedenih presuda se stabilizirao u omjeru 35% pripadnika HV-a i 65% pripadnika JNA.
The actions of the Croatian judicial bodies show that every person who is reasonably suspected of committing war crimes has to be brought before the court to answer for his/hers actions regardless if the person in question was a member of the aggressor forces or the defence forces.
Postupanje hrvatskih pravosudnih tijela pokazuje da sve osobe za koje postoje osnovana sumnja da su počinili ratni zločin moraju za to odgovarati pred sudom, bez obzira odnosi li se to na osobe koje su pripadnici agresorske vojske ili na osobe koje su pripadnici obrambene vojske.
If the data is put into context of what happened during the Homeland war, that is, if we take into consideration that the HV were the defenders and the JNA was the aggressor, then the larger number of convictions for the members of the JNA are both logical and expected.
Ukoliko se podaci stave u kontekst onoga što se dogodilo za vrijeme Domovinskog rata, tj. ako se uzme u obzir da je HV vodio obrambeni rat a JNA agresorski, ukupno veći broj presuda donesenih za pripadnike JNA je logičan i očekivan.
Further on, In the Analysis the determined categories are members of the JNA and members of the HV and not their ethnic background.
Nadalje, u Analizi su određene kategorije pripadnika HV-a i JNA, a ne etnička pripadnost.
In fact, during the observed period of the HV members that stood trial three of them declared themselves as Muslims, one was member of Albanian minority and one was Slovenian (all of them were citizens of the Republic of Croatia).
Naime u promatranom razdoblju kao pripadnici HV-a suđene su i 3 osobe koje su se izjasnile kao Muslimani, 1 osoba koja se izjasnila kao pripadnik albanske nacionalne manjine i 1 Slovenac (svi hrvatski državljani).
From the above stated it is evident that it is inappropriate to talk about the ethnicity of the war crimes perpetrators with regard to this specific analysis because ethnicity has no influence what so ever on any part of the decision-making during the war crimes proceedings.
Iz navedenog jasno proizlazi da je u konkretnoj analizi neprikladno bilo govoriti o etničkoj pripadnosti počinitelja ratnih zločina jer etnička pripadnost nema utjecaja na bilo koji dio odluka u postupcima za ratne zločine.
During the last five years war crimes proceedings were held before 16 county courts, in the same community and environment where the crime was committed, which indicates the readiness and maturity in processing of all the war crimes regardless to the ethnicity of the perpetrators.
Postupci za ratne zločine u posljednjih 5 godina vodili su se na 16 županijskih sudova, upravo u okruženju i zajednici gdje je zločin i počinjen što ukazuje na spremnost i zrelost u procesuiranju svih ratnih zločina, neovisno o etničkoj pripadnosti počinitelja.
THE NUMBER OF PERSONS CONVICTED ACCORDING TO ETHNICITY AND
BROJ OSUĐENIH OSOBA PO NACIONALNOSTI I
PURSUANT TO ARTICLES OF THE CRIMINAL CODE (HEREINAFTER:
SUKLADNO ČLANCIMA KAZNENOG ZAKONA (DALJE:
CC)
KZ)
PERPETRATORS CONVICTED FOR WAR CRIMES ACCORDING TO ETHNICITY
OSUĐENI POČINITELJI ZA KAZNENA DJELA RATNIH ZLOČINA PREMA NARODNOSTI
Serbs
Srbi
Albanians
Albanci
Unknown
Nepoznato
1. of the CC
1.KZ-a
120, paragraph 2
120. st.2.
142, paragraph 1 of the CCY /Criminal Code of Yugoslavia/ (same as Article 120, paragraph 1 of the BCCRH)
142.st.1 KZJ-a (isto kao čl 120 st 1 OKZRH)
of the CCY (same as Article 122 of the BCCRH)
KZJ-a (isto kao čl 122 OKZRH)
the CCY (same as Article 128
KZJ-a( isto kao čl 128.
of the BCC)
OKZ-a)
War Crime Against Prisoners of War -Whoever, in violation of the rules of international law, orders the killing, torturing or inhuman treatment of prisoners of war and their subjection to biological, medical or other scientific experiments, their tissues or organs taken for transplantation, orders prisoners of war to be subjected to great suffering, impairing the integrity of their bodies and health, or whoever compels prisoners of war to serve in hostile armed forces or deprives them of their right to a fair and unbiased trial, or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than five years or by long-term imprisonment.
Ratni zločin protiv ratnih zarobljenika -Tko kršeći pravila međunarodnoga prava zapovijedi da se ratni zarobljenici ubijaju, muče ili se prema njima nečovječno postupa, nad njima obavljaju biološki, medicinski ili drugi znanstveni pokusi, da se uzimaju tkiva ili organi radi presađivanja, da im se nanose velike patnje ili povrede tjelesne cjelovitosti ili zdravlja, da se prisiljavaju na obavljanje službe u oružanim snagama neprijateljske sile, ili da im se uskrati pravo na pravedno i nepristrano suđenje, ili tko počini neko od navedenih djela, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora najmanje pet godina ili kaznom dugotrajnog zatvora.
Genocide- Whoever, with intent to destroy in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, orders the killing of members of such a group, or orders serious bodily injury to be inflicted on them, or orders the physical or mental health of the members of such a group to be impaired, or orders the forcible displacement of the population, or conditions of life to be inflicted on the group which are calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part, or orders measures to be imposed which are intended to prevent births within the group, or orders the forcible transfer of children of the group to another group, or whoever with the same intent commits any of the foregoing acts, shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than ten years or by long-term imprisonment.
Genocid- Tko s ciljem da potpuno ili djelomice uništi neku nacionalnu, etničku, rasnu ili vjersku skupinu zapovijedi da se članovi skupine ubijaju ili da im se nanose teške tjelesne ozljede ili da im se teško narušava tjelesno ili duševno zdravlje, ili da se pučanstvo prisilno raseljava, ili da se skupina stavi u takve životne uvjete koji bi doveli do njezina potpuna ili djelomična istrebljenja, ili da se primijene mjere kojima se sprječava rađanje između pripadnika skupine, ili da se vrši prisilno preseljavanje djece u drugu skupinu, ili tko s istim ciljem počini neko od navedenih djela, kaznit će se kaznom zatvora najmanje deset godina ili kaznom dugotrajnog zatvora.
War Crimes Against the Civilian Population -The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be imposed on whoever violates the rules of international law in time of war, armed conflict or occupation by ordering an attack against objects protected by international law, against works or powerful installations such as dams, dykes and nuclear power plants, indiscriminate attacks against civilian objects protected by international law, against undefended places and demilitarized zones or orders an attack which results in an extensive and long-lasting damage to the environment and may impair the population's health or survival, or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts.
Ratni zločin protiv civilnog pučanstva -Kaznom iz stavka 1. ovoga članka kaznit će se tko kršeći pravila međunarodnog prava za vrijeme rata, oružanog sukoba ili okupacije naredi: da se izvrši napad na objekte posebno zaštićene međunarodnim pravom i objekte i postrojenja s opasnom silom kao što su ustave, nasipi i nuklearne elektrane, da se bez izbora cilja pogađaju civilni objekti koji su pod posebnom zaštitom međunarodnoga prava, nebranjena mjesta i demilitarizirane zone, dugotrajno i veliko oštećenje prirodnog okoliša koje može štetiti zdravlju ili opstanku pučanstva ili tko počini neko od navedenih djela.
Brutal Treatment of the Wounded, Sick and Prisoners of War - Whoever, in violation of the rules of international law, brutally treats the wounded, sick or prisoners of war or restricts or prevents the realization of the rights granted to them under these rules shall be punished by imprisonment for six months to five years.
Surovi postupak s ranjenima, bolesnicima i ratnim zarobljenicima - Tko kršeći pravila međunarodnoga prava surovo po stupa s ranjenicima, bolesnicima ili ratnim zarobljenicima ili onemogućuje ili sprečava da se koriste pravila koja in prema tim pravilima pripadaju, kaznit će se zatvorom od šest mjeseci do pet godina .
War Crimes Against the Civilian Population,paragraph 2- The same punishment as referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be imposed on whoever violates the rules of international law in time of war, armed conflict or occupation by ordering an attack against objects protected by international law, against works or powerful installations such as dams, dykes and nuclear power plants, indiscriminate attacks against civilian objects protected by international law, against undefended places and demilitarized zones or orders an attack which results in an extensive and long-lasting damage to the environment and may impair the population's health or survival, or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts.
Ratni zločin protiv civilnog stanovništva , st 2- Kaznom iz stavka (1) ovoga članka kaznit će se tko kršeći pravila međunarodnog prava za vrijeme rata, oružanoga sukoba ili okupacije naredi da se izvrši napad na objekte posebno zaštićene međunarodnim pravom i objekte i postrojenja s opasnom snagom kao što su brane, nasipi i nuklearne elektrane, da se bez izbora cilja pogađaju civilni objekti koji su pod posebnom zaštitom međunarodnog prava, nebranjena mjesta i demilitarizirane zone, dugotrajno i velikih razmjera oštećenje prirodne okoline koje može štetiti zdravlju ili opstanku stanovništva ili tko počini neko od navedenih djela.
War Crimes Against the Wounded and Sick- Whoever, in violation of the rules of international law, in time of war or armed conflict, orders the killing, torturing or inhuman treatment of the wounded, sick, shipwrecked persons or of medical or religious personnel, orders that they be subjected to biological and other scientific experiments, their tissues or organs taken for transplantation, orders civilians to be subjected to great suffering, impairing the integrity of their bodies or health or orders an illegal and wanton, large-scale destruction or appropriation of materials, medical vehicles or supplies of medical institutions or units when there is no justification by military needs or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than five years or by 20 years imprisonment.
Ratni zločin protiv ranjenika i bolesnika - Tko kršeći pravila međunarodnoga prava za vrijeme rata ili oružanoga sukoba naredi da se ranjenici, bolesnici, brodolomci ili sanitetsko ili vjersko osoblje ubija, mući ili da se prema njima nečovječno postupa, da se nad njima obavljaju biološki, medicinski ili drugi znanstveni pokusi, da se uzimaju tkiva ili organi radi transplantacije, ili da im se nanose velike patnje ili ozljede tjelesnoga integriteta ili zdravlja, ili da se protuzakonito i samovoljno uništavaju ili prisvajaju u velikim razmjerima materijal, sredstva sanitetskog transporta i zalihe sanitetskih ustanova ili jedinica, što nije opravdano vojnim potrebama, ili tko počini neko od navedenih djela, kaznit će se zatvorom najmanje pet godina ili kaznom zatvora od dvadeset godina.
War Crime Against Prisoners of War -Whoever, in violation of the rules of international law, orders the killing, torturing or inhuman treatment of prisoners of war and their subjection to biological, medical or other scientific experiments, their tissues or organs taken for transplantation, orders prisoners of war to be subjected to great suffering, impairing the integrity of their bodies and health, or whoever compels prisoners of war to serve in hostile armed forces or deprives them of their right to a fair and unbiased trial, or whoever commits any of the foregoing acts shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than five years or by 20 years imprisonment.
Ratni zločin protiv ratnih zarobljenika- Tko kršeći pravila međunarodnoga prava naredi da se ratni zarobljenici ubijaju, muče ili da se prema njima nečovječno postupa, nad njima obavljaju biološki, medicinski ili drugi znanstveni pokusi, da se uzimaju tkiva ili organi radi transplantacije, da im se nanose velike patnje ili ozljede tjelesnoga integriteta ili zdravlja, da se prinuđuju na obavljanje službe u neprijateljskim oruenim snagama, ili da se lišavaju prava na propisano i nepristrano suđenje, ili tko počini neko od navedenih djela, kaznit će se zatvorom najmanje pet godina ili kaznom zatvora od dvadeset godina.
Genocide- Whoever, with intent to destroy in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, orders the killing of members of such a group, or orders serious bodily injury to be inflicted on them, or orders the physical or mental health of the members of such a group to be impaired, or orders the forcible displacement of the population, or conditions of life to be inflicted on the group which are calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part, or orders measures to be imposed which are intended to prevent births within the group, or orders the forcible transfer of children of the group to another group, or whoever with the same intent commits any of the foregoing acts, shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than ten years or by 20 years imprisonment.
Genocid- Tko u namjeri da potpuno ili djelomično uništi neku nacionalnu, etničku, rasnu ili vjersku skupinu naredi da se članovi skupine ubijaju ili da im se nanose teške tjelesne ozljede ili da im se teško narušava tjelesno ili duševno zdravlje, ili da se stanovništvo prinudno raseljava ili da se skupina stavi u takve životne uvjete koji bi doveli do njezina potpuna ili djelomična istrebljenja ili da se primijene mjere kojima se sprečava radanje između pripadnika skupine, ili da se provodi prinudno preseljavanje djece u drugu skupinu ili tko u istoj nakani počini neko od navedenih djela, kaznit će se zatvorom najmanje pet godina ili kaznom zatvora od dvadeset godina.
Regarding the table, it needs to be mentioned that the persons mentioned stood trial pursuant to the law in power at the time when the crime was committed.
Vezano uz tablicu, potrebno je napomenuti da su osobe bile suđene prema zakonu koji je bio na snazi u trenutku počinjenja kaznenog djela.
Therefore, in order to render judgements during the period 1992-1993 they used provisions of the Criminal Code of Yugoslavia, and from 1993 judgements were rendered pursuant to General Criminal Code of the Republic of Croatia and from 1993 pursuant to Criminal Code of the Republic of Croatia.
Stoga su za donošenje presuda u razdoblju 1992.g. i 1993.g. primjenjivane odredbe Kaznenog zakonika Jugoslavije, od 1993.g. su presude donesene prema Općem kaznenom zakonu Republike Hrvatske, a od 1997.g. prema Kaznenom zakonu Republike Hrvatske.
3) Project of the Office for Democratic Institutions and. Human Rights (hereinafter:
3) Projekt Ureda za demokratske institucije i ljudska prava (dalje:
ODIHR) - „War Crime Justice Project“
ODIHR-a) - „War Crime Justice Project“
Training of personnel involved in war crime proceedings is conducted as part of the ODIHR project titled „War Crime Justice Project“.
U sklopu projekta ODIHR-a „War Crime Justice Project“, provodi se izobrazba kadrova uključenih u proces suđenja za ratne zločine.
During the last few years, training in the mentioned area of legal expertise was organised for attorneys, judges and state attorneys.
Tijekom posljednjih godina, organizirana je izobrazba odvjetnika, te sudaca i državnih odvjetnika u navedenom pravnom području.
Also one regional conference on war crimes was held.
Održana je i jedna regionalna konferencija na temu suđenja za ratne zločine.
During 2008, Croatian Bar Association (hereinafter:
Hrvatska odvjetnička komora (dalje:
CBA) and the Ministry of Justice made a list of attorneys with previous experience and interest in additional education to act as defence counsels in cases of this type.
HOK) i Ministarstvo pravosuđa su tijekom 2008.g. sastavili listu odvjetnika s jasnom naznakom ranijeg iskustva te interesa za edukaciju za obranu u ovakvom tipu predmeta.
The list of attorneys was published on the CBA website and submitted to all county courts,. also, a practice was established of appointing attorneys on the list as defence counsels.
Lista odvjetnika objavljena je na web stranici HOK-a, a dostavljena je i svim županijskim sudovima, te se uspostavila sudska praksa imenovanja branitelja između odvjetnika navedenih na listi.
On 14th of April 2009 an education fore attorney interested in acting as defence counsels in such cases was held at CBA premises in cooperation with the Judicial Academy.
Edukacija odvjetnika zainteresiranih za obranu u ovim predmetima održana je 14. travnja 2009.g. u HOK-u u suradnji s Pravosudnom akademijom.
Continuous training for war crime trials.is held for judges and state attorneys
Kontinuirano se provodi i obuka sudaca i državnih odvjetnika za suđenja u predmetima ratnih zločina.
Since 2004 until now, several seminars and workshops were held at the Judicial Academy in which judges and state attorneys were familiarised with peculiarities of war crime trials.
Od 2004. g. do sada, u sklopu Pravosudne akademije održano je nekoliko seminara i radionica na kojima su suci i državni odvjetnici upoznati sa specifičnostima suđenja za ratne zločine.
The events were held as follows:
Događaji su održani kako slijedi:
a) during 2004
a) tijekom 2004.g.
- workshop titled "Croatia and International Crime Law" in co-organization with the Judicial Academy and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of the Netherlands:
- radionica “Hrvatska i Međunarodno kazneno pravo” u suorganizaciji Pravosudne akademije i Ministarstva vanjskih poslova Kraljevine Nizozemske:
in Stubičke toplice on 21st and 22nd of May, on 11th and 12th of June and on 2nd and 3rd of July 2004.
Stubičke toplice, 21. i 22. svibnja, 11. i 12. lipnja i 2. i 3. srpnja 2004.g.
In Opatija on 24th and 25th of September 2004.
Opatija, 24. i 25. rujna 2004.g.
In Trogir on 15th and 16th, 29th and 30th of October 2004.
Trogir, 15. i 16., 29. i 30. listopada 2004.g.
Altogether 60 judges and state attorneys participated in the mentioned workshop coming from all over Croatia.
Na navedenoj radionici je sudjelovalo ukupno 60 sudaca i državnih odvjetnika s područja cijele Republike Hrvatske.
b) during 2007
b) tijekom 2007.g.
-seminar “Organisation and handling of the main hearing, the role of the court in providing appropriate defence and use of evidence in the context of the the right to a fair trail in cases of war crime trials” co-organised by the Judicial Academy and the OSCE :
- seminar “Organizacija i vođenje glavne rasprave, uloga suda u osiguranju odgovarajuće obrane te uporaba dokaza u kontekstu prava na pravično suđenje u predmetima suđenja za ratne zločine” u suorganizaciji Pravosudne akademije i OESS:
in Zadar on 08th and 09th of November 2007.
Zadar, 08. i 09. studenog 2007.g.
In Tuhelj on 29th and 30th of November 2007.
Tuhelj, 29. i 30. studenog 2007.g.
Altogether 59 judges and state attorneys participated in the mentioned seminar coming from all over Croatia.
Na navedenom seminaru je sudjelovalo ukupno 59 sudaca i državnih odvjetnika s područja cijele Republike Hrvatske.
c) during 2009
c) tijekom 2009.g.
- seminar “War crimes - renewal of criminal proceedings for trials in absentia pursuant to new provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act, in force since 1st of January 2009” organised by the Judicial Academy:
- seminar “Ratni zločini - obnova kaznenog postupka kod suđenja u odsutnosti primjenom novih odredbi Zakona o kaznenom postupku, u primjeni od 1. siječnja 2009.” u organizaciji Pravosudne akademije:
in Požega on 26th of January 2009.
Požega, 26. siječnja 2009.g.
In Osijek on 30th of January 2009.
Osijek, 30. siječnja 2009.g.
In Šibenik on 05th of February 2009.
Šibenik, 05. veljače 2009.g.
In Zadar on 06th of February 2009.
Zadar, 06. veljače 2009.g.
In Zagreb on 9th of February 2009.
Zagreb, 9. veljače 2009.g.
In June 2007 a regional conference titled "Heritage of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and its influence on the states in the region" was held in Dubrovnik.
U Dubrovniku je u lipnju 2009.g. održana Regionalna konferencija “Nasljeđe Međunarodnog kaznenog suda za bivšu Jugoslaviju i utjecaj na države u regiji”.
The Conference was jointly organised by the Zagreb University Faculty of Law, civil society associations and the Judicial Academy; altogether, there were 51 participants at the Conference of which 17 came from the neighbouring states and 34 came from various parts of Croatia.
Konferenciju su zajednički organizirali Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, udruge civilnog društva i Pravosudna akademija; imala je ukupno 51 polaznika od kojih je 17 bilo iz susjednih država, a 34 s područja cijele Republike Hrvatske.
ODIHR prepared a project which will include the translations into Croatian language of verdicts of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (hereinafter:
ODIHR je pripremio projekt u sklopu kojega će se prevoditi na hrvatski jezik presude Međunarodnog suda za bivšu Jugoslaviju (dalje:
ICTY).
MKSJ).
Implementation of a video link was planned as part of the project and this was accomplished.
U sklopu tog projekta je bilo predviđeno i uvođenje konferencijske veze (video linka), što je i ostvareno.
Legal framework for the use of a video link exists in the Criminal Procedure Act of the Republic of Croatia.
Zakonodavni okvir za primjenu konferencijske veze postoji u Zakonu o kaznenom postupku RH.
Five county courts in the Republic of Croatia (Osijek, Rijeka, Split, Vukovar and Zagreb), competent for the trials of cases referred pursuant to 11 bis rule of the ICTY Rules of Procedure and Evidence, are fully technically equipped to conduct witness examinations in such a way.
Pet županijskih sudova RH (Osijek, Rijeka, Split, Vukovar i Zagreb) nadležnih za suđenja u predmetima preuzetim temeljem odredbe 11 bis Pravila o postupku i dokazima Međunarodnog kaznenog suda za bivšu Jugoslaviju u potpunosti su tehnički opremljeni za ovakav način ispitivanja.
During 2009, testifying through a video link was used in Zagreb, Rijeka and Vukovar county courts:
Tijekom 2009.g. svjedočenje putem video-veze korišteno je na županijskim sudovima u Zagrebu, Rijeci i Vukovaru: