natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In the Del Sol case, the final judgement of the European Court did not establish a violation of the right of access to court, although the applicant was not approved legal aid for the purpose of filing an extraordinary legal remedy to the Court of Cassation in the proceedings in which the marriage was dissolved and in which the legal consequences of its dissolution were decided on.
U slučaju Del Sol Europski sud nije utvrdio konačnom presudom povredu prava na pristup sudu, iako podnositeljici nije bila odobrena pravna pomoć radi podnošenja izvanrednog pravnog lijeka Kasacijskom sudu u postupku u kojem je brak razveden i u kojem je odlučeno o pravnim posljedicama njegova prestanka.
Although France offered legal aid for such cases, the application was denied with the explanation that, although property-based criteria were met on the part of the plaintiff, her referring to the Court of Cassation had no bases for success, as assessed by the body competent for approving legal aid, due to non-existence of justified reasons for contesting lower court decisions.
Iako je u Francuskoj pravna pomoć postojala za takve slučajeve, zahtjev je odbijen uz obrazloženje, da iako je na strani tužiteljice zadovoljen uvjet imovinskog cenzusa, njezino obraćanje Kasacijskom sudu nije imalo nikakvih osnova za uspjeh prema ocjeni tijela nadležnog za odobravanje pravne pomoći, radi nepostojanja opravdanih razloga za pobijanje odluka nižih sudova.
In its judgement, the European Court established that no violation of the right of access to court occurred because, although in certain civil cases there may exist the obligation of providing legal aid, the European Convention does not guarantee the right to free legal aid in all civil cases.
Europski sud je u presudi utvrdio da nije došlo do povrede prava na pristup sudu, jer iako u nekim građanskim slučajevima može postojati obveza osiguranja pravne pomoći, Europska konvencija ne jamči pravo na besplatnu pravnu pomoć u svim građanskim sporovima.
Moreover, in that case, the Court repeated its position that the right of access to court is not an absolute right.
Također, u tom je predmetu Sud ponovio stav da pravo na pristup sudu nije apsolutno pravo.
See:
Vidi:
Stojčević and T.
Stojčević i T.
Gomien, Europska konvencija o ljudskim pravima, Zadar, 2007, p.
Gomien, Europska konvencija o ljudskim pravima, Zadar, 2007, str.
However, the European Court of Human Rights also established that the state may refuse to provide legal aid without violating Article 6, paragraph 1
Međutim, Europski sud za ljudska prava također je utvrdio da država može odbiti pružanje pravne pomoći, a da ne povrijedi članak 6. st 1.
Razvod braka u praksi europskih sudova, http://alanuzelac.from.hr/pubs/A39_Razvod _braka_u_praksi_europskih_sudova.pdf and Del Sol v France, 46800/99, judgement of 26 February 2002,
Razvod braka u praksi europskih sudova, http://alanuzelac.from.hr/pubs/A39_Razvod _braka_u_praksi_europskih_sudova.pdf i Del Sol v France, 46800/99, presuda od 26. veljače 2002,
The citizens' right of access to court, as the basic human right, is also prescribed by the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia which, in Article 29, paragraph 1, prescribes that:
Pravo građana na pristup sudu, kao temeljeno ljudsko pravo utvrđuje i Ustav Republike Hrvatske, koji u članku 29. stavku 1. propisuje da :
"Everyone shall have the right to the independent and fair trial provided by law which shall, within a reasonable term, decide upon his rights and obligations, or upon the suspicion or the charge of a penal offence."
„Svatko ima pravo da zakonom ustanovljeni, neovisni i nepristrani sud pravično i razumnom roku odluči o njegovim pravima i obvezama, ili o sumnji ili optužbi zbog kažnjivog djela.“
The need to regulate the legal aid system in the Republic of Croatia arises in a comprehensive manner from several important facts which marked the legal system in that area.
Potreba uređenja sustava pravne pomoći u Republici Hrvatskoj na sveobuhvatan način proizašla je iz nekoliko važnih činjenica koje su obilježavale pravni sustav na tom polju.
This is primarily the existence of particularism of law and parallel legal solutions which solved the matter in the filed of legal aid in a similar manner, especially in the part concerning civil proceedings.
Prvenstveno je to postojanje partikularizma prava te paralelnih zakonskih rješenja koja su na sličan način rješavala materiju u području pravne pomoći, poglavito u dijelu koji se tiče građanskih postupaka.
The adoption of the Free Legal Aid Act in June 2008 was when the creation of an integral legal aid system in civil and administrative matters first started in the Republic of Croatia, respecting thereat the above stated standards.
Donošenjem Zakona o besplatnoj pravnoj pomoći u lipnju 2008. godine, po prvi se puta u Republici Hrvatskoj započelo sa stvaranjem cjelovitog sustava pravne pomoći u građanskim i upravnim stvarima, uz uvažavanje ranije spomenutih standarda.
The Decision of the Constitutional Court No.:
Odlukom Ustavnog suda, broj:
U-I-722/2009, of
U-I-722/2009, od.
6 April 2011 (Official Gazette
6. travnja 2011. godine (Narodne novine, broj:
Article 6, paragraph 1 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms from 1950, which has been in force in the Republic of Croatia since 5 November 1997, regulates the right of access to court and prescribes as follows:
Konvencija za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda iz 1950 godine, koja je na snazi u Republici Hrvatskoj od 5. studenog 1997. godine, uređuje u članku 6. stavku 1. pravo na pristup sudu i propisuje slijedeće:
44/11), established the unconstitutionality of certain provisions of the Free Legal Aid Act, and those being:
44/11), utvrđena je neustavnost pojedinih odredbi Zakona o besplatnoj pravnoj pomoći, i to:
a provision which, for example, states everything which can be particularly considered an existential issue in the light of the Free Legal Aid Act (Article 5, paragraph 2)
odredbe kojom se primjerice navodi što se sve u svijetlu Zakona o besplatnoj pravnoj pomoći može osobito smatrati egzistencijalnim pitanjem (članak 5. stavak 2.)
provisions which warrant the obligation of refunding the amount of paid legal aid according to the calculated order in case a legal aid beneficiary wins a dispute (Article 37)
odredbe kojom se nalaže obveza vraćanja iznosa plaćene pravne pomoći prema obračunatoj uputnici u slučaju uspjeha u sporu korisnika pravne pomoći (članak 37.)
provisions which regulate the manner of ensuring the funds for the provision of primary legal aid, to authorized associations and law clinics (Article 53, paragraph 2)
odredbe kojom se uređuje način osiguranja sredstava za pružanje primarne pravne pomoći, ovlaštenim udrugama i pravnim klinikama ( članak 53. stavak 2.)
The result of that endeavour is the Act on the Amendments to the Free Legal Aid Act (Official Gazette 81/11) which came into force on 15 July 2011, except for certain provisions of that Act which will come into force on 1 January 2013.
Rezultat tog rada je i Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o besplatnoj pravnoj pomoći, (Narodne novine, broj 81/11), koji je stupio na snagu 15. srpnja 2011. godine, osim pojedinih odredbi tog Zakona koje će stupiti na snagu 1. siječnja 2013. godine.
Consequently to the reasons stated in the exposition of the Decision of the Constitutional Court, the concept of an existential issue as one of the conditions for approval of legal aid has been abandoned.
Slijedom razloga iznesenih u obrazloženju Odluke Ustavnog suda koncept egzistencijalnog pitanja kao jednog od uvjeta za odobravanje pravne pomoći je napušten.
Thorough amendment of Article 5
Korjenitom izmjenom članka 5.
Beside the above, it should be mentioned that, apart from the above stated types of legal aid included in the system (primary and secondary), two separate types were also analysed (exemption from paying court fees and exemption from paying the costs of the proceedings) which existed so far in principle only considering the comprehensiveness of the free legal aid system.
Pored navedenog, važno je istaknuti da su kraj spomenutih u sustavu zadržanih vrsta pravne pomoći (primarna i sekundarna) razrađene i dvije zasebne vrste (oslobođenje od plaćanja sudskih troškova i oslobođenje od plaćanja troškova sudskog postupka), a koje su do sada postojale na načelnoj razini obzirom na sveobuhvatnost sustava besplatne pravne pomoći.
A standard is prescribed regarding the potential beneficiary's financial status as the main criterion in the process of deciding on the request, and exceptions from the general rule are also prescribed.
Propisan je standard u odnosu na imovno stanje potencijalnog korisnika kao glavni kriterij u postupku odlučivanja o zahtjevu, a propisane su i iznimke od općeg pravila.
Moreover, the existing legal regulation of the refund of paid legal aid was on an inadequate level of normative standards, so these amendments precisely and comprehensively regulate the process of refunding the amount of provided legal aid.
Također, postojeće zakonsko uređenje povrata plaćene pravne pomoći nije bilo na zadovoljavajućoj razini normativnih standarda, stoga se ovim izmjenama i dopunama precizno i sveobuhvatno uredio postupak povrata iznosa pružene pravne pomoći.
Moreover, the reasons for the uncertainties and the courts' varying approaches to the interpretation of this norm also related to the issue of compensation of litigation costs when the beneficiary, as a party to court proceedings, is represented by an attorney as a legal aid provider.
Također su otklonjeni uzroci nedoumica i različitog pristupa sudova u tumačenju ove norme vezane i uz pitanje naknade troškova spora kada korisnika kao stranku u sudskom postupku zastupa odvjetnik kao pružatelj pravne pomoći.
Beside the above, this intervention in the legal text also removed any inequality of the parties to the proceedings.
Ovim zahvatom u zakonski tekst pored navedenog otklonjena je i eventualna neravnopravnost stranaka u postupku.
The other positive effects of this intervention into the legal text are reflected in further decrease of the costs of the system itself, as well as in the stimulation of the attorneys as the only providers of secondary legal aid.
Daljnji pozitivni učinci ove intervencije u zakonski tekst ogledaju se u daljnjem smanjenju troškova samog sustava kao i stimulaciji odvjetnika kao jedinih pružatelja sekundarne pravne pomoći.
As the funds for proper functioning of the legal aid system are allocated in the state budget, it was necessary to find a better legal solution to ensure proper distribution of the above funds.
Kako se sredstva za pravilno funkcioniranje sustava pravne pomoći osiguravaju u državnom proračunu bilo je potrebno kvalitetnijim zakonskim rješenjem urediti pravilnu raspodjelu spomenutih sredstava.
The free legal aid system is becoming a comprehensive framework of all forms of legal aid by virtue of systematic inclusion of the institute of exemption from payment of court fees and costs of the proceedings which are indispensable parts of a system which protects the right of access to court.
Sustav besplatne pravne pomoći postaje sveobuhvatni okvir svih oblika pravne pomoći sustavnim uključivanjem instituta oslobođenja od plaćanja sudskih pristojbi i troškova sudskih postupaka koji su neizostavni dijelovi sustava koji štiti pravno na pristup sudu.
In the above areas there were significant legal gaps and legal overlapping of special regulations (Civil Procedure Act and the Court Fees Act) which were contrary to the principles of efficiency and legal security.
U navedenim područjima postojale su značajne pravne praznine i zakonska preklapanja posebnih propisa (Zakon o parničnom postupku i Zakon o sudskim pristojbama), koja su bila protivna načelima učinkovitosti i pravne sigurnosti.
Now, the actions of the authorities, courts, beneficiaries and other entities involved are clearly and precisely prescribed, and the advantage given to the application of the Free Legal Aid Act before the other special regulations in view of the issues related to these fields is also clearly prescribed.
Sada je jasno i precizno propisano postupanje nadležnih tijela, sudova, korisnika i drugih uključenih osoba te je jasno propisana prednost koju Zakon o besplatnoj pravnoj pomoći ima u primjeni pred drugim posebnim propisima u pitanima vezanim za ova područja.
(Official Gazette
("Narodne novine", broj:
Judges, as the most qualified officials of the judiciary system, are relieved of making the decision on exemption from payment of court fees and exemption from payment of the costs of proceedings, and thus they are relieved of the burden of unnecessary non-judicial work.
Suce kao najkvalificiranije djelatnike u pravosudnom sustavu se rasterećuje odlučivanja o oslobođenju od plaćanja sudskih pristojbi te oslobođenja od plaćanja troškova postupka budući da ih se na taj način rasterećuje od nepotrebnih nesudskih poslova.
The efficiency of the judiciary is thus further improved.
Time se daje daljnji doprinos podizanju učinkovitosti pravosuđa.
Additionally, the following bylaws were also adopted:
Također, doneseni su i podzakonski propisi:
Regulation on the tariff for determining the amount of reimbursement for provision of primary and secondary legal aid (Official Gazette
Uredba o tarifi za utvrđivanje vrijednosti iznosa naknade za pružanje primarne i sekundarne pravne pomoći ( Narodne novine, broj:
Ordinance on the criteria for evaluating projects of the associations authorised for the provision of primary legal aid and law clinics, and on the manner of reporting on project completion (Official Gazette
Pravilnik o kriterijima za vrednovanje projekata ovlaštenih udruga za pružanje primarne pravne pomoći i pravnih klinika te o načinu izvještavanja o izvršenju projekata ( Narodne novine, broj:
Ordinance on the form of the application for approval of legal aid, the form of the decision on approval of legal aid and on the records of issued decisions on approval of legal aid (Official Gazette
Pravilnik o obrascu zahtjeva za odobravanje pravne pomoći, obrascu rješenja o odobravanju korištenja pravne pomoći i evidenciji izdanih rješenja o odobravanju korištenja pravne pomoći (Narodne novine, broj:
Ordinance on the manner of keeping a register of associations authorised for the provision of free legal aid (Official Gazette 93/08).
Pravilnik o načinu vođenja registra udruga ovlaštenih za pružanje besplatne pravne pomoći ( Narodne novine, broj:
The Republic of Croatia recognized that need and proceeded to regulate the issue through the adoption of the Free Legal Aid Act.
Republika Hrvatska prepoznala je tu potrebu, pristupivši uređenju te problematike upravo kroz donošenje Zakona o besplatnoj pravnoj pomoći.
Such legal mechanism makes it possible to control the work and the efficiency of the central bodies of the state administration in applying the regulations, and it also provides the Croatian Parliament insight into the spending of the funds allocated for that purpose in the state budget, through the indicators which are an integral part of this Report.
Takav zakonski mehanizam osigurava kontrolu rada i učinkovitosti središnjih tijela državne uprave u primjeni propisa, no također, omogućuje Hrvatskom Saboru uvid i u utrošak sredstva osiguranih za tu svrhu u Državnom proračunu, kroz pokazatelje koji čine sastavni dio ovog Izvješća.
It is certain that the legal system of the Republic of Croatia is well acquainted with the institute of free legal aid.
Nesumnjivo je da institut besplatne pravne pomoći nije nepoznanica u pravnom sustavu Republike Hrvatske.
Namely, this was a partially regulated system which was realized through the implementation of several regulations. Therefore, the need emerged for upgrading the free legal aid system so that a more comprehensive, and thus a more efficient upgrade of the existing legal aid system regulates and enables the most needy (who are most often also the economically and socially most disadvantaged) efficient access, not only to court, but also to the other bodies who are managing their rights and obligations.
Naime, radilo se o parcijalno uređenom sustavu koji se realizirao kroz primjenu više propisa, stoga se pokazala potreba za dogradnjom sustava besplatne pravne pomoći, tako da se upravo cjelovitijom, a samim time i djelotvornijom dogradnjom postojećeg sustava pravne pomoći regulira i omogući najpotrebitijim, ujedno najčešće ekonomsko i socijalno najugroženijim grupama građana učinkovit pristup, ne samo sudovima već i ostalim tijelima koja rješavaju o njihovim pravima i obvezama.
In that way, for the purpose of creating equal conditions of access to justice, all citizens are put in equal positions in view of the situations when they need any kind of legal aid for composing files to be submitted to authorities, representation in legal and administrative matters, but also in the cases when they require legal aid for conciliation or alternative resolutions of disputes.
Time se, u svrhu stvaranja jednakih uvjeta pristupa pravosuđu, sve građane stavlja u ravnopravan položaj u odnosu na situacije kad im je potrebna bilo kakva pravna pomoć prilikom sastavljanja podnesaka pred nadležnim tijelima, zastupanju u sudskim i upravnim stvarima, ali i u slučajevima kada je pravna pomoć potrebna prilikom mirenja ili alternativnog načina rješavanja nastalog spora.
Since the matter at hand is an Act which, among other, has also been adopted within the framework of the negotiation process of the Republic of Croatia for full membership in the European Union, acquis communautaire of the European Union was taken into consideration, as well as international legal standards and recommendations stated in European Council documents and in international agreements which the Republic of Croatia is party to, and the judicial practice of the European Court of Human Rights.
Obzirom da se radi o Zakonu koji je između ostaloga usvojen i u okviru procesa pregovora Republike Hrvatske za punopravno članstvo u Europskoj Uniji, prilikom njegove izrade, vodilo se računa o pravnoj stečevini Europske Unije, o međunarodnopravnim standardima i preporukama sadržanim u dokumentima Vijeća Europe, te u međunarodnim ugovorima kojih je Republika Hrvatska stranka kao i sudskoj praksi Europskog suda za ljudska prava.
The establishment of a free legal aid system is undoubtedly an important step in the improvement of the legal system of the Republic of Croatia because it not only facilitates the provision of legal aid in all civil proceedings, but it also takes it one step further and, following the latest practice of the European Court of Human Rights, ensures provision of legal aid in administrative proceedings and administrative disputes, as well.
Uspostava sustava besplatne pravne pomoći, nesumnjivo predstavlja značajan korak u unapređenju pravnog sustava Republike Hrvatske, jer osim što omogućuje pružanje pravne pomoći u svim građanskim postupcima, ide i stepenicu više, te slijedeći noviju praksu Europskog suda za ljudska prava, osigurava i pružanje pravne pomoći u upravnim postupcima i upravnom sporu.
Because the recommendations from the documents of the Council of Europe have been followed, the circle of providers has been widened so that legal aid is now not only provided by attorneys but also by NGOs, unions and law clinics.
Slijedeći preporuke dokumenata Vijeća Europe, proširen je krug pružatelja tako da osim odvjetnika, pravnu pomoć pružaju i nevladine organizacije, sindikati i pravne klinike.
62/08 and 81/11), as the main actor in the establishment of the legal aid system, the Ministry of Justice is also responsible for the legality of the implementation of the Free Legal Aid Act, as well as for continuous supervision over the implementation; therefore, it is obligated to submit, each year, to the Government of the Republic of Croatia a Report on the Exercise of the Right to Legal Aid and the Funds Spent in the Previous Year.
62/08 i 81/11), Ministarstvo pravosuđa kao središnji nositelj uspostave sustava pravne pomoći, odgovorno je i za zakonitost provedbe Zakona o besplatnoj pravnoj pomoći, kao i za kontinuirani nadzor nad provedbom, te je stoga u obvezi svake godine Vladi Republike Hrvatske podnijeti Izvješće o ostvarivanju prava na pravnu pomoć i utrošku sredstava za prethodnu godinu.
Moreover, the implementation activities of the Ministry of Justice will be indicated, together with further plans and activities in view of strengthening the legal aid system in the Republic of Croatia as an instrument of protection of the right of access to court and as a mechanism which contributes to increased efficiency of the judiciary as a whole.
Također, ukazati će se na provedene aktivnosti Ministarstva pravosuđa, kao i na daljnje planove i aktivnosti u smjeru jačanja sustava pravne pomoći u Republici Hrvatskoj kao instrumenta zaštite prava na pristup sudu i mehanizma koji doprinosi većoj učinkovitosti pravosuđa u cjelini.
Although access to court in certain cases may be limited, e.g. due to the statute of limitations or by an application in civil matters for advance payment of the costs of the proceedings or by limited capacity of parties, however, the limitations may not be such that they materially harm the right of access to court.
Premda pristup sudu u pojedinim slučajevima može biti ograničen, npr. nastupom zastare ili zahtjevom u građanskima stvarima za predujmljivanjem troškova postupka ili ograničenjem stranačke sposobnosti, no ograničenja ne smiju biti takve naravi da bitno naštete pravu na pristup sudu.
In certain circumstances, professional legal aid is necessary in order to provide a person the right of access to court, especially in those cases which concern persons of inadequate financial means for ensuring professional aid. In such cases, the state, as the guarantor of services, must provide legal aid, whether as a case of full exemption from paying the costs of the proceedings or a case of partial participation in the costs by the service user.
U određenim je okolnostima nužna stručna pravna pomoć kako bi se pojedincu osiguralo uživanje prava na pristup sudu, posebno u onim slučajevima kada je riječ o osobama koje nemaju dovoljno financijskih sredstava za osiguranje profesionalne pomoći, te je u takvim situacijama nužno osiguranje pravne pomoći od strane države kao granata usluge, bilo da se radi o potpunom oslobođenju od plaćanja troškova postupka ili uz djelomično participiranje u trošku od strane korisnika usluge.
The Court of Human Rights especially expressed that position in the decision of the case of Airey v. Ireland (1979).
Posebno je Sud za ljudska prava taj stav izrazio u odluci Airey protiv Irske (1979.g.).
The right of access to court may, in justified cases, be limited, in view of which each country may exert the margin of appreciation; each country is entitled to determine the conditions for realizing free legal aid and the manner in which the money from the state budget is used insofar as long as the rights guaranteed by the European Convention are not limited or violated.
Pravo na pristup sudu se u opravdanim slučajevima može ograničiti, u čemu svaka država uživa određenu slobodu procjene (margin of appreciation); svaka država ima pravo odrediti uvjete za ostvarivanje besplatne pravne pomoći i način na koji se koristi novac iz državnog proračuna dok se ne ograničavaju ili krše Europskom konvencijom zajamčena prava.