natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Conducting epidemiological research
Provedba epidemiološkog istraživanja
Clinical examination
Klinički pregled
Sampling of bovine risk groups
Uzorkovanje rizičnih skupina goveda
Reporting
Izvješćivanje
Disinfection/sterilisation/decontamination procedure
Postupak dezinfekcije/sterilizacije/dekontaminacije
Repopulation
Repopulacija
Professional training programme
Program stručne obuke
Providing information and communicating with the public
Informiranje i komunikacija s javnosti
Appendix IV
Dodatak IV.
Appendix V
Dodatak V.
Appendix VI
Dodatak VI.
- Oktal Pharma - address and contacts
- Oktal Pharma- adresa i kontakti
Appendix VII
Dodatak VII.
- Agroproteinka, address and contacts
- Agroproteinka, adresa i kontakt
Appendix VIII
Dodatak VIII.
- Epidemiological questionnaire
- Epidemiološki upitnik
Veterinary Act
Zakon o veterinarstvu.
Ordinance 85/09
Pravilnik 85/09.
Killing of animals
Usmrćivanje životinja
135/06), article 3, item 23, killing is a procedure performed by means and methods approved for this purpose and in the prescribed manner, causing the animals the least possible amount of pain, suffering and fear.
135/06) članak 3. točka 23., usmrćivanje je postupak koji se obavlja sredstvima i metodama odobrenim u tu svrhu i na propisani način tako da se životinjama prouzroči najmanja moguća bol, patnja i strah.
by applying a gun with a free projectile or a rifle
primjenom pištolja sa slobodnim projektilom ili puške
by exposure to CO2
izlaganjem ugljičnom dioksidu.
b) no further procedures must be performed on the animal before the fact of its death has been established.
b) da se na životinji ne provode daljnji postupci prije utvrđivanja njezine smrti.
Legal basis for the person performing the killing
Zakonski temelj za onoga tko obavlja usmrćivanje
1.2.Destruction of carcasses
1.2.Uništavanje lešina
(for address and telephone number, please refer to Appendix VII)
(adresa i broj telefona nalaze se u Dodatku VII.
The daily capacity of Agroproteinka amounts to 300 tons.
Dnevni kapacitet Agroproteinke iznosi 300 tona.
Damage compensation
Naknada štete
Movement control
Kontrola kretanja
Organisation and subordination of the competent body in case of an outbreak of an especially dangerous infectious disease in accordance with the Response Plan
Ustroj i subordinacija nadležnog tijela u slučaju izbijanja osobito opasne zarazne bolesti u skladu s kriznim planom
Presidents of the LCs are veterinary inspectors directly responsible to the president of the NC.
Predsjednici LS su državni veterinarski inspektori koji su izravno odgovorni predsjednici NS.
CENTRAL DECISION-MAKING UNIT
CENTRALNA JEDINICA ZA ODLUČIVANJE
Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Rural Development
Ministar poljoprivrede, ribarstva i ruralnog razvoja
Head of the State Veterinary Directorate
Ravnateljica Uprave za veterinarstvo
Expert Body
Stručno tijelo
Croatian Veterinary Institute
Hrvatski veterinarski institut
Veterinary Organisations
Veterinarske organizacije
Veterinary Act, article 18, paragraph 3
Zakon o veterinarstvu, članak 18. stavak 3.
d) submitting information to the Government of the Republic of Croatia, the European Commission, the neighbouring countries, the veterinary service, agricultural and trade organisations;
d) dostavljanje podataka Vladi Republike Hrvatske, Europskoj komisiji, susjednim državama, veterinarskoj službi, poljoprivrednim i trgovinskim udrugama;
f) cooperation with mass media,
f) suradnju s sredstvima javnoga priopćavanja,
NC staff
Osoblje NS
In order to ensure effective management, the following are part of the NC staff:
Kako bi se osiguralo djelotvorno rukovođenje u osoblje NS su uključeni:
Head of the State Veterinary Directorate (president of the NC)
ravnatelj Uprave za veterinarstvo ( predsjednik NS)
Head of the Sector for Animal Health Protection, SVD
načelnik Sektora za zaštitu zdravlja životinja, UV
representative of the Ministry of Defence of the RoC
predstavnik MORH-a
Ministry of Finance representative
predstavnik Ministarstva financija
Ministry of Justice representative
predstavnik Ministarstva pravosuđa
Ministry of Interior representative
predstavnik MUP-a
representative of the Police Directorate
predstavnik Ravnateljstva policije
manager of the State Alarm and Rescue Service (112)
ravnatelj Državne službe za uzbunjivanje i spašavanje (112)
manager of the Croatian Agricultural Agency
ravnatelj Hrvatske poljoprivredne agencije
head of the Sanitary Inspection Department
načelnik Odjela sanitarne inspekcije
president of the Croatian Veterinary Chamber
predsjednik Hrvatske veterinarske komore
representative of the economic interest association "Croatiastočar“
predstavnik GIU „Croatiastočar“
representative of large producers
predstavnik velikih proizvođača
Chronological notes in the form of a diary are taken on all events related to the appearance of the disease.
O svim događanjima vezanim uz pojavu bolesti vode se kronološke zabilješke u obliku dnevnika.
Veterinary Act, article 18, paragraph 3
Zakon veterinarstvu, članak 18. stavak 3.
The seats of the LCs are listed in Appendix V.
Sjedišta LS navedena su u Dodatku V.
The LC has the following duties and obligations:
Dužnosti i obveze LS su:
to employ the necessary staff and equipment on the infected farm;
angažirati potrebno osoblje i opremu na zaraženom gospodarstvu;
to establish "pure and impure routes"
odrediti „ čiste i nečiste putove „
to maintain a permanent connection with the NC and report on the BSE suppression results in that area at least once a day;
održavati stalnu vezu s NS i izvještavati barem jedan puta na dan o rezultatima suzbijanja GSE u tom području;
to maintain a connection to the local self-government bodies.
održavati vezu s tijelima lokalne samouprave.
LC staff
Osoblje LS
Staff employed at the LC include:
Osoblje angažirano u LS uključuje:
technical support staff qualified for performing LC tasks,
pomoćno tehničko osoblje osposobljeno za obavljanje zadataka LS,
Expert Body for BSE
Stručno tijelo za GSE
Establishment and tasks of the Expert Body
Osnivanje stručnog tijela i zadaci
The Expert Body follows new scientific discoveries on the respective disease, in order to be able to help the Directorate in case of an outbreak:
Stručno tijelo stalno prati nove znanstvene spoznaje o predmetnoj bolesti, kako bi u slučaju izbijanja bolesti pomoglo Upravi:
in epidemiological research;
u epidemiološkom istraživanju;
The Expert Body has permanent members, whose number may be increased should it be demanded by the situation during a crisis.
Stručno tijelo ima stalne članove, čiji se broj može povećati ako to zahtijeva situacija u vrijeme krize.
Members are chosen because of their abilities, expert knowledge of clinical signs and epidemiology of BSE, as well as the knowledge on disease suppression methods.
Članovi se biraju zbog svojih sposobnosti, stručnog poznavanja kliničkih znakova i epidemiologije GSE, te poznavanja metoda suzbijanja bolesti.
Members of the Expert Body are veterinarians with comprehensive knowledge on BSE.
Članovi Stručnog tijela su veterinari sa sveobuhvatnim poznavanjem GSE-a.
Duties and obligations of the Expert Body
Dužnosti i obveze Stručnog tijela
When there are no instances of the disease in the country, the duties and obligations of the Expert Body are the following:
U vrijeme kada u zemlji nema pojave bolesti, dužnosti i obveze Stručnog tijela su:
to provide expert aid and help the veterinary service with planning
pružati stručnu pomoć i pomagati veterinarskoj službi u planiranju
the actions to be taken in case of the appearance of BSE;
postupanja u slučaju pojave GSE;
to advise the head of the State Veterinary Directorate and the NC with respect to suppression of BSE and provide support for such activities;
savjetovati ravnatelja Uprave za veterinarstvo i NS u vezi sa suzbijanjem GSE, te davati potporu tim aktivnostima.
to develop models for collecting and analysing epidemiological data;
razvijati modele za prikupljanje i analizu epidemioloških podataka;
to develop methods and models for supporting the decision-making process, by using scientifically based rules and expert knowledge;
razvijati metode i modele za potporu procesa odlučivanja koristeći se pravilima na znanstvenoj osnovi i stručnim znanjem;
to develop and apply data management systems for: epidemiological data, geographical and meteorological data as well as risk analysis;
razvijati i primjenjivati sustave za upravljanje podacima za: epidemiološke podatke, zemljopisne i meteorološke podatke te analizu rizika;
to organise training of the veterinary staff on carrying out epidemiological research;
organizirati izobrazbu veterinarskog osoblja o provedbi epidemioloških istraživanja;
to participate in the organisation of emergency exercises for veterinary, technical and administrative support staff;
sudjelovati u organizaciji vježbi za slučaj izvanrednog stanja za veterinarsko, tehničko i pomoćno administrativno osoblje;
to participate in organising the action of introducing the public to the danger from the disease, for official organisations, farmers and veterinarians.
sudjelovati u organizaciji akcije upoznavanja javnosti o opasnosti od bolesti, za službene organizacije, poljoprivrednike i veterinare.
Upon each suspicion for BSE, the Expert Body begins operating on field.
Kod svake pojave sumnje na GSE, Stručno tijelo izlazi na teren.
to monitor and lead the epidemiological research;
pratiti i voditi epidemiološko istraživanje;
to supplement epidemiological data with geographical and other necessary information;
dopuniti epidemiološke podatke zemljopisnim i ostalim potrebnim informacijama;
to perform risk analyses in regular time intervals;
provoditi procjene rizika u redovitim vremenskim intervalima
to advise on problems related to the destruction of carcasses and decontamination of the contaminated areas.
savjetovati u vezi s problemima vezanim za uništavanje lešina i dekontaminacijom zaraženih prostora.
The epidemiological research performed by the Expert Body with the aid of authorised veterinarians who manage the contaminated farms offers an analysis of the respective risk.
Epidemiološka istraživanja koja provodi Stručno tijelo uz pomoć ovlaštenih veterinara koji upravljaju zaraženim gospodarstvima, daje procjenu rizika o kojemu je riječ.
The epidemiological report composed by the Expert Body after the epidemiological
Epidemiološki izvještaj koji sastavlja Stručno tijelo nakon epidemiološkog
research of the first appearance of the disease needs to contain the following information:
istraživanja prve pojave bolesti mora sadržavati sljedeće informacije:
the general situation at the contaminated farm;
opću situaciju na zaraženom gospodarstvu;
the number and categories of susceptible animals and other animals (animals at risk);
broj i kategorije prijemljivih životinja i ostalih životinja (životinja u riziku);
number of infected animals with clinical symptoms of the disease;
broj zaraženih životinja s kliničkim znakovima bolesti;
the size and location of the farm and its connections to other farms with susceptible animals, public roads etc.;
veličinu i lokaciju gospodarstva te njegove veze s ostalim gospodarstvima na kojima ima prijemljivih životinja, javnim prometnicama itd.;
information on the feeding of animals;
podatke o hranidbi životinja;
movements of susceptible animals, other animals, persons and potentially contaminated materials to the farm and from the farm.
kretanja prijemljivih životinja, ostalih životinja, osoba i potencijalno kontaminiranog materijala na gospodarstvo i s gospodarstva.
Staff and equipment
Osoblje i oprema
Staff
Osoblje
The respective list, filled in by the manager of the NC, contains: the names and locations of staff members, their professional qualification, education and practical experience in facing the appearance of BSE.
Predmetni popis, koji dopunjuje voditelj NS sadrži: imena i lokacije članova osoblja, njihovu stručnu spremu, izobrazbu i praktično iskustvo u suočavanju s pojavom GSE.
Veterinarians and other employees are obliged to respond to the call and participate in the work.
Veterinari i drugi djelatnici dužni su odazvati se pozivu i sudjelovati u radu.
Equipment
Oprema
In accordance with previous contracts or agreements with local and regional government bodies, all LCs need to have access to other and mechanical equipment, such as the material for the construction of temporary buildings, trucks, loading and digging machines, water cisterns, generators, pumps and additional pressure devices for cleaning.
Svi LS će u skladu s prethodnim ugovorima ili sporazumima s tijelima lokalne i područne uprave moraju imati pristup i drugoj opremi te mehanizaciji, kao što su materijal za podizanje privremenih objekata, kamiona, strojeva za utovar i kopanje, cisterne za vodu, generatori, crpke i dodatni tlačni uređaji za čišćenje.
the Directorate) has been planned, a responsible person at Oktal Pharma d.o.o. will be informed on this matter
Uprava) o tome će obavijestiti odgovornu osobu u Oktal Pharmi d.o.o.
Equipment for the NC
Oprema za NS
The equipment for the NC needs to include the following:
Oprema za NS mora uključivati sljedeće:
means of communication, including telephones (static and mobile), as well as fax;
sredstva za komunikaciju, uključujući telefone (statične i mobilne) te fax;
computers connected to the veterinary service network, especially with the LCs, Croatian Veterinary Institute and other important headquarters, which also includes the possibility of communication via e-mail;
računala povezana s mrežom veterinarske službe, osobito s LS, HVI i drugim važnim stožerima, što uključuje mogućnost komunikacije putem elektroničke pošte;
computer printers;
pisače za računala;
photocopying machine;
fotokopirni stroj;
maps in the ratio 1:
zemljovide omjera 1:
50,000 and 1:
50.000 i 1:
Equipment for the LC
Oprema za LS
The equipment for the LC needs to include the following:
Oprema za LS mora uključivati sljedeće:
means of communication, including telephones, static and mobile, faxes;
komunikacijska sredstva uključujući telefone, statične i mobilne, fax;
computers connected to the veterinary service network, which enables
računala povezana s mrežom veterinarske službe, koja omogućuje
communication via electronic mail;
komunikaciju elektroničkom poštom;
a regularly updated list of organisations and persons in a specific area covered by the respective LC, which might be stricken by the appearance of the disease, which should be informed in case of a confirmed appearance of BSE.
redovito nadopunjen popis organizacija i osoba na određenom području koje pokriva LS, a koje bi mogle biti ugrožene pojavom bolesti, te koje je potrebno obavijestiti u slučaju potvrđene pojave GSE.
The list of organisations and persons that need to be contacted includes the following:
Popis organizacija i osoba koje je potrebno kontaktirati uključuju sljedeće:
local and regional government bodies, included in the animal disease suppression measures;
tijela lokalne i područne uprave uključena u mjere suzbijanja bolesti životinja;
the police;
policiju;
customs service (upon necessity);
carinsku službu (po potrebi);
other official organisations, which might visit the farms;
ostale službene organizacije koje bi mogle posjetiti farme;
cattle fairs, exhibits and livestock appraisers;
stočne sajmove, dogone, izložbe i procjenjivače stoke;
livestock collection centres;
centre za prikupljanje stoke;
veterinarians with a private practice;
veterinare koji imaju privatnu praksu;
companies engaging in the transport of animals and animal products;
prijevoznike životinja i proizvoda životinjskog podrijetla;
agricultural subcontractors;
poljoprivredne kooperante;
livestock feed suppliers;
dobavljače stočne hrane;
slaughterhouses and meat processing facilities;
klaonice i objekte za preradu mesa;
farmer associations
udruženja poljoprivrednika
OVERVIEW OF DISEASES FROM THE GROUP OF
PREGLED BOLESTI IZ GRUPE
TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM
TRANSMISIVNIH SPONGIFORMNIH
GENERAL INFORMATION ON TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM
OPĆENITO O TRANSMISIVNIM SPONGIOFORMNIM
They are characterised by a great similarity of causes, transmissibility between individuals of an infected animal species and the possibility of experimental or natural transmission to other animal species.
Karakterizira ih velika sličnost uzročnika, prenosivost između jedinki oboljele životinjske vrste te mogućnost pokusnog ili prirodnog prijenosa na druge vrste životinja.
A common feature of all causes of diseases from this complex is also unusual resistance towards classic ways of disinfection.
Također zajednička karakteristika svih uzročnika bolesti iz ovog kompleksa jest neuobičajena otpornost prema klasičnim načinima dezinfekcije.
It naturally infects sheep, and more rarely goats.
Prirodno obolijevaju ovce, rjeđe koze.
The disease is transmitted from sheep to sheep by contact.
Bolest se kontaktom prenosi s ovce na ovcu.
At the beginning of the BSE epizootics in the UK, because of specific epizootiological clues and the relative similarity of the microscopic brain findings of infected sheep and bovine, a hypothesis of possible etiological connection between the two diseases was postulated.
U početku epizootije GSE u Velikoj Britaniji zbog određenih epizootioloških indicija i relativne sličnosti mikroskopskog nalaza mozga oboljelih ovaca i goveda postulirana je hipoteza moguće etiološke povezanosti ove dvije bolesti.
Even though this possibility has still not been completely scientifically clarified, an increasing number of evidence denies this connection.
Iako ova mogućnost još uvije nije u potpunosti znanstveno razjašnjena sve više je dokaza koji negiraju ovu povezanost.
According to current knowledge, the disease can not be transmitted by contact from an infected sheep to bovine or any other species of animals or humans, with the exception of goats, which are significantly less susceptible than sheep.
Bolest se po sadašnjim spoznajama kontaktom ne može prenijeti s oboljele ovce na goveda ili bilo koju drugu vrstu životinja ili čovjeka, s izuzetkom koze koje su znatno manje prijemčive od ovaca.
Despite the very long period in which the disease has been appearing and calculations pointing that during this time many dozens (if not hundreds) of millions of infected sheep have entered the human food chain, there are no epidemiological indicators that the disease may be transmitted to humans by devouring sheep meat or brains.
Usprkos vrlo dugačkom vremenskom razdoblju u kojem se bolest javlja i proračunima koji upućuju da je tijekom toga vremena širom svijeta mnogo desetaka (ako ne i stotina) milijuna zaraženih ovaca ušlo u prehrambeni lanac čovjeka, nema epidemioloških pokazatelja da se bolest konzumiranjem mesa ili mozga ovce može prenijeti na čovjeka.
CREUTZFELD-JAKOB DISEASE
CREUTZFELD-JAKOBOVA BOLEST
The epidemiology and manner of infection are still insufficiently known, but it has been undoubtedly confirmed that in a small number of cases, it was transferred to humans by surgical instruments during brain surgeries, eye cornea transplantations, administering growth hormones extracted from the pituitary gland of a dead person for treatment purposes, as well as transplantations of the dura mater.
Epidemiologija i način zaraze još su nedovoljno poznati, ali nedvojbeno je potvrđeno da je u manjeg broja slučajeva prenesena na čovjeka kirurškim instrumentima tijekom operacija mozga, transplantima rožnice oka, davanjem hormona rasta izdvojenog iz hipofizne žlijezde mrtvog čovjeka u terapijske svrhe, te transplantima tvrdih moždanih ovojnica.
It is not causally connected to BSE or any other animal disease from the TSE group.
Nije uzročno povezana s GSE, ili bilo kojom životinjskom bolesti iz skupine TSE.
Upon recognition of BSE as a separate entity, which can be transferred from bovine to other bovine, as well as to practically all tested mammals, and especially after an objective establishment of feline encephalopathy and the encephalopathy of various, biologically unrelated species of exotic animals, the fear of the possibility of a transmission of BSE to humans was also expressed.
Nakon prepoznavanja GSE kao zasebnog entiteta koji se može s goveda može prenijeti na drugo goveda, te na praktički sve testirane sisavce, a naročito nakon objektivnog utvrđivanja mačje i encefalopatije različitih, biološki nesrodnih vrsta egzotičnih životinja, izražena je bojazan o mogućnosti prijenosa GSE i na čovjeka.
As, in the beginning of the epizootics, it was firmly postulated that BSE was actually scrapie (please refer to Appendix
Kako se je u početku epizootije čvrsto postuliralo da je GSE zapravo grebež ovaca (vidjeti dodatak br.
Unfortunately, subsequent discoveries proved both hypotheses wrong.
Kasnijim otkrićima su se nažalost obje ove hipoteze pokazale netočnima.
The disease was also discovered in some other European countries.
Ova bolest je utvrđena i u nekim drugim europskim zemljama.
It is still impossible to predict even an approximate number of infected people, but taken into account the data that between 710,000 and 2,000,000 of infected bovine entered the human food chain in the UK, the exposition of the human population counts dozens of millions of people.
Još uvijek je nemoguće predvidjeti čak i približno broj zaraženih ljudi, ali uzimajući u obzir podatke da je između 710 000 i 2 000 000 zaraženih goveda u Velikoj Britaniji ušlo u prehrambeni lanac čovjeka ekspozicija humane populacije broji desetke milijuna ljudi.
This data is the more disturbing, as neither the length of incubation with humans, (it is believed that it can be dozens of years), nor any possible ways of transmission within the human population are known.
Ovi podaci su to više uznemirujući što nije poznata duljina inkubacije kod čovjeka (vjeruje se da može biti desetke godina), niti mogući načini prijenosa unutar ljudske populacije.
Can the disease be transmitted from an infected mother to the offspring?
Može li se bolest prenijeti od inficirane majke na potomstvo ?
Can it be transmitted by transplanted organs or blood transfusion?
Može li se prenijeti transplantiranim organima ili transfuzijom krvi ?
Can it be transmitted by close contact?
Može li se prenijeti bliskim kontaktom ?
The precaution measures in some countries are very strong. Thus, for example, persons who had lived in the UK during the BSE epizootics, are not accepted to the USA.
Mjere opreza nekih zemalja su vrlo velike, tako npr. u SAD osobe koje su tijekom trajanja epizootije GSE živjele u Velikoj Britaniji nisu prihvaćene.
A geographically strictly localised disease of the Fore tribe in the isolated mountain areas of New Guinea.
Geografski strogo lokalizirana bolest plemena Fore u izoliranim planinskim područjima Nove Gvineje.
It has been scientifically established that the disease was perpetuated within the tribe by ritual cannibalism.
Znanstveno je utvrđeno da se bolest perpetuirala unutar plemena ritualnim kanibalizmom.
Carleton Gajdušek was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1976 for discoveries related to this disease.
Za otkrića vezana uz ovu bolest 1976. godine Carletonu Gajdušek dodijeljena je Nobelova nagrada.
It is of medical interest that the incubation of this disease, in some well-documented cases, took longer than 40 years.
Medicinski je zanimljivo da je inkubacija kod ove bolesti u ponekim dobro dokumentiranim slučajevima bila duža od 40 godina.
It is believed that the disease began in the tribe when its members ate a white missionary who was in the incubation stage of CJD.
Vjeruje se da je bolest u plemenu započela tako što su pripadnici plemena pojeli bijelog misionara koji je bio u inkubaciji Creutzfeld-Jakobove bolesti.
The disease was described for the first time on mink farms in the US state of Wisconsin in 1947.
Bolest je po prvi puta opisana 1947. godine u državi Wisconsin (SAD), na farmama nerčeva.
Ever since, cases were recorded in Canada, Finland, Germany and Russia.
Od tada su zabilježeni slučajevi u Kanadi, Finskoj, Njemačkoj i Rusiji.
However, in subsequent research, it was undoubtedly established that the disease also seized some breeds in which the minks were not fed sheep confiscate, but the feed contained bovine confiscate.
Međutim, naknadnim istraživanjima se nedvojbeno utvrdilo da je bolest zahvatila i neke uzgoje u kojima nerčevi nisu bili hranjeni ovčjim konfiskatom, ali je hrana sadržavala goveđi konfiskat.