natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Commission takes the view that these services, whether they involve routine maintenance of the airport site, maintenance of buildings, runways, surrounding areas and vehicle fleet, minor surfacing work, routine maintenance and repair of the runway and accesses, operational maintenance and servicing of the general lighting and runway lighting, mowing services, rubber removal from the runway and its markings, snow clearance or any other services ensuring the safety of ground traffic, airport site and infrastructures, do not fall within the public policy remit.
Tästä syystä komissio on päättänyt arvioida toimenpiteen myöntäneen yksikön pääomakustannukset Vallonia-Sowaerin valitsema rahoitusvälineen Sowaerin taseen rakenteen ja Sowaerin pääomamarkkinoille pääsyn ehtojen perusteella.
These services differ in particular from the security services.
Markkinataloustoimijaa koskevan kriteerin soveltaminen vuoden 2002 sopimuksiin
They are inherent in the commercial operation of the airport, which involves ensuring that the airport site, including its runways, is sufficiently well-maintained to enable the landing and take-off of aircraft under satisfactory safety conditions.
Vuoden 2002 sopimusten mukaisesti Vallonia-Sowaer päätti antaa BSCA:n käyttöön toimilupamaksua vastaan Charleroin lentoaseman maa-alueet ja infrastruktuurit ja sitoutua kehittämään kyseisiä infrastruktuureja Sowaerin ja BSCA:n väliseen vuoden 2002 sopimukseen liitetyn investointiohjelman mukaisesti, toteuttamaan suuret huolto- ja korjaustyöt sekä maksamaan BSCA:lle avustusta tiettyjä lentoasematoimintaan liittyviä palveluja varten.
No public policy remit is associated with this type of service.
Vaihtoehtoisessa skenaariossa Vallonia-Sowaer ei olisi allekirjoittanut vuoden 2002 sopimuksia eikä siis myöskään sitoutunut tekemään uusia raskaita investointeja eikä myöntämään palontorjunta- ja huoltoavustusta.
According to Belgium (see recital 237), when the Commission made its decision on 23 July 2008 on Leipzig/Halle airport, it recognised that operational safety services were non-economic activities [143].
Komissio on olettanut, että jos vaihtoehtoinen skenaario olisi toteutunut eikä tukea olisi myönnetty, lentoasema olisi todennäköisesti jatkanut toimintaansa mutta se olisi ollut huomattavasti suppeampaa, koska lentoaseman liikenteen merkittävä lisääntyminen edellytti vuoden 2002 sopimusten mukaisia investointeja.
It is clear from the list of operational safety infrastructures provided by the German authorities that these infrastructures are essential for ground traffic safety, i.e.: uninterruptible power supply for aprons, transformer stations, runway lighting, apron lighting, etc.
Vaihtoehtoisen skenaarion mukainen nettonykyarvo olisi lievästi positiivinen.
The Commission disputes that it can be concluded from recitals 182 and 183 of the decision on Leipzig/Halle airport that the Commission has in the past taken the view that tasks comparable to maintenance and traffic safety, as defined in the Region/BSCA agreement, fall within the public policy remit, for the following reasons.
Komissio on tästä syystä nettonykyarvolaskelmissaan olettanut, että vaihtoehtoskenaarion nettonykyarvo on nolla.
Firstly, the maintenance and traffic safety costs defined in the Region/BSCA agreement are much broader than the operational safety investment costs referred to in the decision on Leipzig/Halle airport.
Jos vuoden 2002 sopimusten nettonykyarvo on tämän oletuksen perusteella negatiivinen, se on väistämättä negatiivinen myös, jos oletetaan, että vaihtoehtoskenaarion nettonykyarvo on positiivinen.
The latter consist of the uninterruptible power supply for the aprons, transformer station, high voltage cables and runway lighting.
Oletus on siis Vallonia-Sowaerin ja BSCA:n kannalta edullinen.
The maintenance and traffic safety costs defined in the Region/BSCA agreement ‘include routine maintenance of the airport site, technical maintenance services for buildings, runways, surrounding areas and vehicle fleet, minor surfacing work, routine maintenance and repair of the runway and accesses, operational maintenance and servicing of the general lighting and runway lighting, mowing services, rubber removal from the runway and its markings, snow clearance and any other services ensuring the safety of ground traffic, airport site and infrastructures, except for commercial areas of the airport zone’.
Vuoden 2002 toimenpiteen nettonykyarvon laskennassa huomioon otetut kustannukset ja tulot
Secondly, the Commission points out that, contrary to Belgium's argument, the Commission did not conclude that the operational safety tasks referred to in the Leipzig/Halle decision constitute tasks falling within the public policy remit.
Komissio on laskenut vuoden 2002 sopimusten nettonykyarvon Vallonia-Sowaerille määrittämällä kustannukset ja tulot, joita Vallonian alue ja Sowaer saattoivat odottaa näiden sopimusten tuottavan, laskemalla yhteen seuraavat:
Recital 182 of that decision states that ‘the Commission can conclude that in the present case certain costs fall within the public policy remit’ (emphasis added).
Kaudella 2002–2015:
In recital 183 of the same decision, the Commission considers that ‘to the extent that they fall within the public policy remit’, the measures may not amount to State aid (emphasis added).
Niiden investointien (katso taulukko 13) ja luonteeltaan taloudellisten palvelujen ennakoidut kustannukset, joita Sowaerin piti toteuttaa, sekä se osa Vallonian alueen tiettyjä lentoasematoimintaan liittyviä palveluja varten maksamasta avustuksesta, joka maksettiin luonteeltaan taloudellisia palveluja varten.
It indicates that ‘in the present case independently [of] whether the Commission was to accept the approach advanced by the German authorities that none of the costs should be considered as State aid, the final assessment of the measure would not change’ (emphasis added).
BSCA:n maksamasta toimilupamaksusta Sowaerille koituvat ennakoidut tulot.
As a result, in those recitals the Commission neither confirmed nor contradicted Germany's position that certain tasks, including operational safety tasks, fell within the public policy remit, but instead indicated that it did not need to take a position, given that, assuming that the measure did constitute aid, this would be authorised.
Kaudella 2016–2040:
Thirdly, the Commission points out that, in the General Court's judgment on the Commission decision on Leipzig/Halle airport, contrary to Belgium's argument, the Court did not confirm this alleged Commission position in paragraph 225 of its judgment.
Nämä tiedot perustuvat ennusteisiin, joita Vallonian alueella ja Sowaerilla olisi ollut käytettävissään vuonna 2002 etenkin liikenteestä ja kustannuksista.
The Court in fact reproduced recitals 182 and 183 of the Commission decision in order to recall the latter's position and concluded that the Commission had considered that it did not have to reach a definitive conclusion on this question (namely if it were to accept the German authorities' argument that none of the costs should be considered as State aid).
Komissio ei siis ole ottanut huomioon investointiohjelman kustannuspoikkeamia, jotka eivät olleet ennakoitavissa, kun päätös ohjelmaan sitoutumisesta tehtiin vuonna 2002 (esimerkiksi rakennuskustannusten nousu ja kustannuspoikkeamat, joita aiheuttivat sellaiset maaperän vakausongelmat, jotka eivät olleet tiedossa investointiohjelmaa laadittaessa).
Their funding does not therefore escape the applicable State aid rules.
Tämä koskee sekä vuoden 2002 sopimusten tekemiseen perustuvaa laskelmaa että vaihtoehtoskenaariota koskevaa laskelmaa.
Flight tracking and recording, provisional flight planning and marshalling
Nettonykyarvolaskelma perustuu nimittäin vuonna 2002 toivottuihin tuleviin kassavirtoihin.
In this section, the Commission examines whether the following services, the provision of which was entrusted to BSCA and for which BSCA receives compensation under Amendment No 6 of 15 January 2008, may escape the applicable State aid rules due to their non-economic nature:
Komissio ei myöskään ole ottanut huomioon mahdollista lisäarvoa, jota koituisi pääomasta ja Sowaerille BSCA:n omistusosuuden perusteella maksetuista osingoista.
flight tracking and recording [145] and flight planning [146],
Unionin tuomioistuin on todennut [157], että ”sen arvioimiseksi, onko valtion toimenpidettä pidettävä tukena, on määritettävä, saako edunsaajayritys sellaista taloudellista etua, jota se ei olisi saanut tavanomaisten markkinoilla sovellettavien ehtojen mukaan.
marshalling [147].
Kansallisen tuomioistuimen on tätä tutkimusta toimittaessaan määritettävä tavanomainen korvaus kyseisistä suoritteista.”
(402) According to Belgium (see recital 240), flight tracking and recording, provisional flight planning and marshalling services are essential parts of civil aviation safety and therefore fall within the public policy remit, given that they are fundamental components in the safety of an airport.
Komissio katsoo, että tarkasteltavassa tapauksessa Sowaer myönsi BSCA:lle edun antaessaan infrastruktuurin sen käyttöön markkinahintaa alhaisemmalla hinnalla, vaikka oletettaisiin, että Sowaer toivoi saavansa tappionsa takaisin omistamansa pääoman arvonnousuna tai sille maksettavina osinkoina.
The Commission takes the view that the services covered by this compensation are activities inseparable from the economic activity of the airport operator BSCA.
Komissio toteaa lisäksi, että lähestymistapa, jossa otetaan huomioon pääomasta ja osingoista koituva lisäarvo, vaikuttaisi kilpailuun.
These services cannot be included within the security services intended to combat acts of unlawful interference or within any activity falling within the public policy remit.
Äärimmilleen vietynä tämä skenaario johtaisi sen hyväksymiseen, että viranomainen voi periä olematonta toimilupamaksua lentoasemalta, jonka osakas se on (koska viranomainen voisi olettaa saavansa osinkoja ja/tai osakkeidensa arvon nousevan), ilman, että se katsottaisiin tueksi.
The Commission therefore concludes that flight tracking and recording, flight planning and marshalling constitute economic services.
Tämän ansiosta lentoasema voisi tarjota lentoyhtiöille erittäin alhaisia maksuehtoja, mikä vääristäisi kilpailua suhteessa etenkin yksityisiin lentoasemiin.
As the capital increase, which was covered by the formal investigation procedure, was subscribed by SOWAER to the benefit of BSCA in 2002, i.e. after the ADP judgment [148], it falls under the Commission's control of State aid (see recital 346).
Seuraavassa taulukossa esitetään luonteeltaan taloudellisten investointien kustannukset, jotka komissio on ottanut huomioon laskiessaan vuoden 2002 toimenpiteen nettonykyarvon.
In order to determine whether a State measure constitutes aid, it is necessary to establish whether the recipient undertaking receives an economic advantage that it would not have obtained under normal market conditions.
Määrittääkseen investoinnit, jotka olivat tekemättä 15 päivänä huhtikuuta 2002, komissio on siirtänyt vuoteen 2002 vuosien 2001 ja 2002 ennakoidut investoinnit [158] ja vähentänyt tästä summasta 15 päivänä huhtikuuta 2002 jo toteutetut investoinnit [159].
The presence of an economic advantage can be ruled out where the measures in question constitute economic operations carried out by public bodies or undertakings under normal market conditions [149].
Taulukko 13
In this case it must be determined whether, in similar circumstances, a private operator, having regard to the foreseeability of obtaining a return and leaving aside all social, regional policy and sectoral considerations, would have taken part in the same operations as the entity granting the measure (hereinafter ‘the market economy operator test’).
Huhtikuun 15 päivänä 2002 tekemättä olleet investoinnit
The presence of an economic advantage can also be ruled out where the measures in question constitute financial compensation granted to the undertakings concerned in order to enable them to operate a service of general economic interest, provided that such compensation satisfies all the conditions set out in the Altmark judgment [150].
(miljoonaa euroa)
The Commission will now proceed to analyse the measures concerned in turn, in the light of the conditions of the Altmark judgment and the market economy operator test.
2002 + 2003 + 2004
Application of the Altmark judgment conditions
Pakkolunastus (1. vaiheen saldo)
It is firstly necessary to examine Belgium's argument, set out in Section 5.1.1.1(c)(ii), according to which the subsidy for certain services associated with the airport activities — assuming that some of these services are economic in nature — allegedly does not constitute an advantage for BSCA under the Altmark judgment [151].
Uusien maa-alueiden hankinta
As established in Section 6.1.1, the Commission considers that some of the services for which the subsidy is paid are not economic in nature (for example, firefighting and security services) and will exclude from its analysis the part of the subsidy compensating for the costs of those services.
Saldo: uudet maa-alueet
However, the Commission considers that other services for which the subsidy is paid are economic in nature, such as maintenance and repair of infrastructures operated commercially, and even marshalling.
SABCA:n peruskorjaus
The Commission takes the view that Belgium is committing a manifest error of assessment in qualifying these services as services of general economic interest.
Lopputilitys, oikaisuerät ja muut
As recalled by paragraph 47 of the Communication from the Commission on the application of the European Union State aid rules to compensation granted for the provision of services of general economic interest [152], generally speaking, a ‘particular public service task’ implies the supply of services which, if it were considering its own commercial interest, an undertaking would not assume or would not assume to the same extent or under the same conditions.
Välisumma
In paragraph 50 of said Communication, the Commission also considers that the services to be classified as services of general economic interest must be addressed to citizens or be in the interest of society as a whole.
Teknisten ja hallintotilojen kunnostus
In the present case, the economic services identified are not supplied in the interest of citizens, but only to enable BSCA to provide an airport service.
Lentoasema-alueen aitaaminen
They are indissociable from the economic activity of operating the airport.
Lähestymisvalot ja rullaustien valot
Furthermore, BSCA was not chosen in a procedure meeting the requirements of the fourth Altmark condition.
Hulevesiputkistojen uusiminen
In addition, Belgium has not provided any evidence that the amount of the subsidy was determined on the basis of an analysis of the costs that a typical undertaking, well run and adequately equipped, would have incurred in order to meet the necessary public service requirements.
Lentopolttoaineaseman laajennus
Belgium's arguments are actually insufficient for the following reasons:
Jätehuolto
Belgium indicates that the ratios mentioned in the Communication referred to above in recital 410 demonstrate BSCA's efficient management (see recital 253), without, however, indicating the nature and value of those ratios.
Eteläisen rullaustien korjaus
Belgium adds that this sound management enabled private investors to be attracted in 2009 during BSCA's partial privatisation.
Hautausmaan pysäköintialue
However, the Commission stresses that, although investors did decide to participate in BSCA's capital (while obtaining a right of veto over important decisions), this may have been due to the existence of the aid, allowing them to expect that BSCA would attract a significant volume of traffic and therefore generate high profits, rather than due to sound management.
Maanalaisen pysäköintialueen paloilmaisinjärjestelmä
It can also be pointed out in this regard that private investors may take holdings in mismanaged companies that they hope to turn around once they have or share control of the company in question, as is the case with BSCA's private investor who has obtained a right of veto over important decisions.
Viemäröinti ja vedenpuhdistus
It also cannot be concluded, as Belgium has done, that the airport is well run simply due to the fact that the turnover or traffic at Charleroi airport is on the increase (see recital 254).
Energia- ja televiestintälaitteet
This increase in turnover and traffic may stem from the aid, which enables BSCA to offer very favourable conditions to airlines and thus attract traffic.
Tekniikkatunneli
Lastly, Belgium's argument that ‘it is clear from the financing mechanism put in place that, by definition, the compensation paid to BSCA is less than the market price of all the services entrusted to it, insofar as this compensation was capped in 2006 for the fire and ground traffic and airport site safety services and in 2010 for the security services’ (see recital 255), also does not prove that BSCA is efficiently managed, but only that there may be no overcompensation.
Huoltotie
In conclusion, at least the first and fourth conditions of the Altmark judgment are not satisfied.
Maantäyttö
The Commission cannot therefore rule out, under the Altmark judgment, that the Region's subsidy for the services associated with the airport activities constitutes an advantage.
Kiitotien pidennys
Application of the market economy operator test
Pohjoinen rullaustie ja kiitotien poistumistie
As regards identifying the entity granting the measure, the Commission considers that the actions of (i) the Region, as owner of the airport zone land, on the one hand, and (ii) SOWAER, a company under the exclusive control of the Region, as concession-holder of the airport zone land, owner of the infrastructures built on the airport zone land, and holder of the tasks delegated by the Region, on the other hand, must be assessed together where they involve the same activity and the same airport.
Lentokoneiden paikoitusalue ja asematason uusiminen
Under these circumstances, SOWAER appears to be an intermediary of the Region in this context.
Lennonjohtolaitteet
Consequently, in order to determine whether or not the measures defined in Section 3.1 give BSCA an economic advantage, the Commission will consider that the entity granting the measure is the group consisting of the Region and SOWAER (hereinafter ‘Region-SOWAER’).
Polttoaine- ja lentokonehallipalvelut
As a result, the Commission considers that it must examine together the commitments of the Region-SOWAER where they alter the economics of the concession (provision of the infrastructures, including development of the investment programme and funding of the major repairs, concession fee, subsidy for certain services associated with the airport activities where these services are economic in nature) and where they are virtually simultaneous and linked.
Lennonjohtotorni
The Commission will therefore apply the market economy operator test to the following four sets of measures, considered in turn:
Toimisto- ja rahtirakennukset
the 2002 SOWAER/BSCA agreement and the amendment of 29 March 2002 to the Region/BSCA agreement (hereinafter ‘the 2002 agreements’),
Uusi terminaali
the decision of the Walloon Government of 3 April 2003 to build a terminal with a larger capacity than originally planned (3 million passengers instead of 2 million) and to provide for larger capacity car parks (hereinafter ‘the 2003 investment decision’),
YHTEENSÄ
the service agreement of 4 April 2006 between SOWAER and BSCA and the amendment of 10 March 2006 to the Region/BSCA agreement (hereinafter ‘the 2006 agreements’),
Tämän jälkeen komissio on ottanut huomioon vain sen investointien osan, jonka se katsoo liittyvän taloudelliseen toimintaan.
The Commission will also apply the market economy operator test to BSCA's capital increase subscribed by SOWAER in December 2002.
lentoaseman sen osan aitaaminen, jolle pääsee vain poliisin tarkastuksen jälkeen tai jolla lentokoneet sijaitsevat (katso selitykset johdanto-osan 365) kappaleessa);
If any of these measures constitutes an advantage, the Commission will examine whether that advantage is selective.
lennonjohtotorni (katso selitykset johdanto-osan 365) kappaleessa);
2002 agreements
Tuloksena on saatu seuraava investointisuunnitelma:
General principles applicable to the four measures
Taulukko 14
As highlighted by point 51 of the aviation guidelines, the analysis of conformity with the market economy operator test should be based on sound ex ante profitability prospects for the entity granting the financing [153].
Luonteeltaan taloudellisten investointien kustannukset, jotka komissio on ottanut huomioon laskiessaan vuoden 2002 toimenpiteen nettonykyarvon
The Commission notes that the Region did not supply any business plan proving the expected return for the Region and/or SOWAER from the scheduled investments when the binding decisions were made on each investment.
Taloudellinen osa (%)
The absence of a business plan suggests that the Region and/or SOWAER were not acting according to a market economy operator logic when they adopted the measures granted to BSCA.
Komission laskelmien mukaan luonteeltaan taloudellisia toimintoja koskevat investoinnit olivat alun perin 89690000 euroa eli 97 prosenttia alkuperäisistä investoinneista.
The Commission also notes that the reports supplied in support of the Walloon Government's decisions justify the need for these investments through the positive impact of the airport's development on the economy and employment situation in Charleroi and its region [154].
Näihin investointeihin on lisättävä Charleroin lentoaseman taloudellisista toiminnoista Sowaerille aiheutuneet huoltokustannukset ja toimintamenot, sellaisina kuin Vallonian alue / Sowaer ne ennakoivat.
However, the Commission points out that it is settled case-law that regional development considerations cannot be taken into account when applying the market economy operator test [155].
Taulukko 15
Despite no business plan being supplied by the Region and/or SOWAER, the Commission has examined whether, for the group consisting of the Region-SOWAER, the net present value of each set of measures identified in recital 416 is positive.
Charleroin lentoaseman taloudellisista toiminnoista Sowaerille aiheutuneet huoltokustannukset (A) ja toimintamenot (B) yhteensä
If the net present value of a measure is positive, this means that the measure in question is profitable for the operator concerned.
Laskelmaan on vielä lisättävä palontorjunta- ja huoltoavustuksen se osa, joka liittyy taloudellisiin toimintoihin.
The discount rate used to calculate the net present value has been determined by establishing the cost of capital for the entity having granted the measure at the time when it was granted.
Taulukko 16
The cost of capital for an entity depends on its financing structure, particularly in terms of equity and debt.
Palontorjunta- ja huoltoavustuksen osa, jolla on korvattu taloudellisia toimintoja
In the present case, most of the expenditure associated with the project undertaken by the Region-SOWAER group is covered by the investments funded by SOWAER.
Komissio on siis määrittänyt lähtevät kassavirrat, jotka on otettava huomioon vuoden 2002 toimenpiteen nettonykyarvoa laskettaessa, laskemalla yhteen taulukoiden 14, 15 ja 16 viimeiset rivit.
That is why the Commission has decided to calculate the cost of capital for the entity granting the measure by using the cost of capital given by the structure of SOWAER's balance sheet, which is the financing structure chosen by the Region-SOWAER group, and its conditions of access to capital markets.
Taulukko 17
Application of the market economy operator test to the 2002 agreements
Kassavirrat, jotka komissio on ottanut huomioon laskiessaan vuoden 2002 toimenpiteen nettonykyarvon vuoteen 2015 asti