natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Although seizures of crack cocaine have been reported bysome EU countries, they are sometimes not distinguishablefrom cocaine seizures. Thus, trends in cocaine seizuresreported above might include crack.
(Saksamaa, Prantsusmaa, Itaalia, Norra) kandsid ettekonfiskeeritud kokaiinikoguste suur Hollandis ja Portugalis 2002. aastal konfiskeeritud sattumine uimastite ebaseaduslikku tootmisse.
In 2002, WCO and Interpol launched a joint initiative,Operation Andes, to enable national customs and policeauthorities to exchange and analyse information that wouldhelp to identify illegal consignments of precursor chemicals in Chile, Bolivia, Colombia, Argentina and Peru (WCO, 2003).
suurenemine, millest teatasid Prantsusmaa, Saksamaa ja saadetised Tšiilis, Boliivias, Kolumbias, Argentinas ja Peruus (WCO, 2003).
International action against cocaine trafficking
meetmed Kariibi mere piirkonnast Schipholi lennujaamareneva voo
Price and purity
Hind ja puhtus
The average price (83) of cocaine at retail level variedwidely across the EU in 2002, from EUR 38 per gram in Portugal to EUR 175 per gram in Norway.
Kokaiini keskmine grammihind(83 oopa Liidu riigid on teatanud crack’i oopas, ulatudes38 eurost Portugalis 175 euroni Norras.
Between 1997and 2002, the average retail price of cocaine was stable orfell in all EU countries.
Ajavahemikul kokaiinikonfiskeerimised sisaldada ka crack’i konfiskeerimisi.
Cocaine trafficking continues to be controlled largely by Colombian criminals.
Rahvusvaheline tegevus kokaiinikaubanduse vastu oopa Liidu riikides.
Most of theseoperations were carried out by the Spanish authorities.
Sama kanti etteabariigis ja Leedus,eldes.
Compared with heroin, the average purity of cocaine atuser level is high, varying in 2002 from 28%in Estonia to68%in the Czech Republic and Norway.
Hereldes on kokaiini keskmine puhtusge, ulatudes 2002. aastal 28%st Eestis68%ni Tšehhi Vabariigis ja Norras.
Between 1997and 2002, the average purity of cocaine decreased in mostof the EU countries reporting time trend data. In 2002,cocaine purity continued to decrease in most countries,except in those reporting the highest average purities, suchas Belgium, the Czech Republic, Luxembourg and Norway,where a rise in cocaine average purity was recorded.
Ajavahemikul1997–2002 langes kokaiini keskmine puhtus enamikus Euroopa Liidu riikides, kes esitasid andmed ajalise keskmisest puhtusest teatavates riikides, nagu Belgia,Tšehhi Vabariik, Luksemburg ja Norra, kus registreeriti ulatus Kariibi mermaailmas (Interpol, 2002). 2003. aasta jooksul toimus piki Atlandi ookeani Eurmer
Chapter 6Heroin and injecting drug use
Heroiin ja uimastite süstimine
Althoughno time series of national estimates are available from thenew Member States, other evidence suggests that trendsvary.
uimastiprobleemide suhtes, on vaja uutes liikmesriikideskiirelevalvesuutlikkus.
Patterns and scale of use
Harjumused ja tarbimisulatus
A general distinction can be made betweenheroin use, which historically has accounted for mostproblem drug use in the majority of EU countries, andproblem use of stimulants, which predominates in Finlandand Sweden, where the majority of problem drug users areprimary amphetamine users.
Pr Peamiselt saab vahet teha heroiinitarbimise, mis onema osaprobleemsest uimastitarbimisest enamikus Euroopa Liiduriikides, ja stimulantide probleemse tarbimise vahel, mis onvaldav Soomes ja Rootsis, kus suurem osa probleemsetestuimastitarbijatest on esmased amfetamiinitarbijad.
Similarly, in the Czech Republic, methamphetamine users have traditionally formeda significant proportion of problem drug users.
Ka Tšehhi Vabariigis on metamfetamiini tarbijad tavaliseltobleemsetest uimastitarbijatest.
Increasingly, problem drug use appears to be becomingmore diverse, and the EMCDDA is currently reviewing if the European operational definition needs to be refined in thelight of the changing drug phenomenon.
obleemne uimastitarbimine hakkab muutumaoopa Narkootikumide ja Narkomaania Seirekeskus uurib praegu, kas Euroopa
Estimates of the prevalence of problem drug use rangebetween 2 and 10 cases per 1000 of the population aged15–64 (based on midpoints of estimates), or up to 1%ofthe adult population (85).
Itaalia, Luksemburg, P1000 elaniku kohta vanuses 15–64 aastat) ningmadalamatest tasemetest teatavad Saksamaa, Kreeka,Holland, Poola ja Soome (alla nelja juhu 1000 elaniku kohtavanuses 15–64 eluaastat; vt joonis11).
Problem drug usedisproportionately affects some geographical areas, such asdeprived inner cities, and some specific groups, notablyyoung males, making problematic use appear to beparticularly intense in some communities.
Euroopa Liidu uuteliikmesriikide hulgast on ainult Tšehhi Vabariigil, Poolal ja es
For more detail see the methodological notes on problem drug use in the 2004 statistical bulletin.See Prevalence_Tbl 3 and Prevalence_Tbl 4 in the 2004 statistical bulletin.
koostarbimise prenamikus riikides, kusjuurem ondomineerinud opiaatide prmuutustest teiste uimastite suunas. Hispaanias langeb
Chapter 6: Heroin and injecting drug use
6. peatükk: Heroiin ja uimastite süstimine
Figure 11:Estimated rate of problem drug use (rate per 1 000 aged 15–64)
Joonis 11: Hinnang probleemsele uimastitarbimisele (1000 elaniku kohta vanuses 15–64 eluaastat)
Rate per 1
1000elanikukohta
NB:CR = Capture–recapture; TM = Treatment multiplier; PM = Police multiplier; MI = Multivariate indicator; TP = Truncated Poisson; CM = Combined methods.Target groups may vary slightly owing to different methods and data sources; therefore comparisons should be made with caution.
CR = märgistamine/taasmärgistamine; TM = ravikordisti; PM = politseikordisti; MI = mitmemõõtmeline indikaator; TP = lõigatud Poisson; CM = kombineeritudmeetodid.Sihtrühmad võivad veidi erineda eri meetoditest ja andmeallikatest olenevalt; seetõttu tuleks võrdlemisel olla ettevaatlik.
For more details see Prevalence_Tbl3and Tbl4 in the 2004 statistical bulletin.
Üksikasjalikuma teabe saamiseksvt Prevalence_Tbl 3 ja Tbl 4 2004.aasta statistikabülletäänis.
The Swedish estimate has been adjusted to fit the EMCDDA definition of problem drug use.
Rootsi hinnangut on Euroopa Narkootikumide ja Narkomaania Seirekeskuse määratlusegavastavusse viimiseks kohandatud.
The Spanish estimate does notinclude problem cocaine use; a higher estimate is available in Prevalence_Tbl3 and Tbl4, which takes this group into account but which may not be as reliable.Sources: National focal points.
Hispaania hinnang ei hõlma probleemset kokaiinitarbimist; seda arvestav kõrgem hinnang on esitatud tabelites Prevalence_Tbl 3 ja Tbl 4, kuid see ei tarvitse olla eriti usaldusväärne. riikide teabekeskused.
See also EMCDDA project (2003), National prevalence estimates of problem drug use in the European Union, 1995–2000, CT.00.RTX.23,EMCDDA, Lisbon, coordinated by the Institut für Therapieforschung, Munich (http://www.emcdda.eu.int/? nnodeid=1372).
Vt ka Euroopa Narkootikumide ja Narkomaania Seirekeskuse projekti Riikide levimushinnangud probleemsele uimastitarbimisele Euroopa Liidus, 1995–2000, CT.00.RTX.23, Lissabon, Euroopa Narkootikumide ja Narkomaania Seirekeskus, 2003.Koordineeris München i Raviuurimisinstituut (http://www.emcdda.eu.int/?nnodeid=1372).
Drug injectors are at very high risk of experiencing adverseconsequences, and it is therefore important to considerdrug injection separately, as a core category of problemdrug use.
Uimastisüstijate puhul on kahjustavate tagajärgedetekkimise oht väga suur ning sellest tulenevalt on olulineuimastite süstimist kui probleemse uimastitarbimise põhiliikieraldi käsitleda.
problem opiate users are declining and an increase isobserved in cocaine-related drug problems, although,reliable time trends of problem drug use that includeproblematic cocaine use are not available. Germany andthe Netherlands report an increasing proportion of crackcocaine users among their problem drug populations,although the overall estimate of problem drug users in the Netherlands remains unchanged.
opiaatide eeldatavate probleemsete tarbijate arv ningsamas täheldatakse kokaiiniga seotud uimastiprobleemidesuurenemist, kuid probleemse uimastitarbimiseusaldusväärsete ajaliste suundumuste kohta, mis hõlmaksidka probleemse kokaiinitarbimise, andmed puuduvad.Saksamaa ja Holland teatavad crack’i tarbijatesuurenevast suhtarvust oma elanikkonna probleemseuimastitarbimisega osa hulgas, kuid eeldatav probleemseteuimastitarbijate üldarv Hollandis püsib muutumatuna.
Estimates of injecting drug use are made using indirect(technically, multiplier) methods from mortality data or dataon human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.
Hinnangud uimasti süstimise teel tarbimise kohtakoostatakse kaudsete (tehniliselt, kordaja) meetodite abilsuremusandmete või inimese immuunpuudulikkuse viirusest(HIV) või C-hepatiidi viirusest (HCV) tingitud nakkusegaseotud andmete põhjal.
Again, data quality and methodologicalissues give rise to interpretational questions; for example, inthese estimates it is difficult to distinguish current injectionfrom lifetime injection, and comparisons between countriesshould be made with caution.
Jälle tekivad andmete kvaliteedi jametodoloogiliste probleemide tõttu tõlgendamisküsimused;näiteks on kõnealustes hinnangutes raske eraldadapraegust süstimist elu jooksul tehtud süstimisest, ning riikidevõrdlemisel tuleks olla ettevaatlik.
Available national-levelestimates of injecting drug use range between two and sixcases per 1000 of the population aged 15–64 (Figure 12).
Olemasolevad riiklikultasandil tehtud hinnangud uimasti süstimise teel tarbimisekohta annavad kaks kuni kaheksa juhtu 1000elanikukohta vanuses 15–64 aastat (joonis12).
The weighted-average rate of problem drug use in the EU is probably between four and seven cases per1000 population aged 15–64, which works out as1.2–2.1million problem drug users in the EU afterenlargement, of whom some 850000 to 1.3 million areactive injectors. However, these estimates are far fromrobust and will need to be refined as more data becomeavailable from the new Member States.
Probleemse uimastitarbimise kaalutud keskmine määr Euroopa Liidus on tõenäoliselt neli kuni seitse juhtu1000elaniku kohta vanuses 15–64 aastat, mis teebkokku 1,2–2,1 miljonit probleemset uimastitarbijatE uroopa Liidus pärast laienemist, kusjuures nendest umbes850000 tuhat kuni 1,3 miljonit on aktiivsed süstijad.Need hinnangud on väga üldised ning vajavadkorrigeerimist vastavalt uutest liikmesriikidest tulevateleandmetele.
The other methods are assumed to result in estimates of problem drug use.
Suremuskordistite ja HIVkorosa probleemsestuimastitarbimisest.
For more details see Prevalence_Tbl 3 and Tbl 4 in the 2004 statistical bulletin.Sources:National focal points.
T tabelid Prevalence_Tbl 3 ja Tbl 4 2004.riikide teabekeskused.
See also EMCDDA project (2003), National prevalence estimates of problem drug use in the European Union, 1995–2000, CT.00.RTX.23,EMCDDA, Lisbon, coordinated by the Institut für Therapieforschung, Munich (http://www.emcdda.eu.int/?nnodeid=1372).
Vt ka Euroopa Narkootikumide ja Narkomaania Seirekeskuse projekti Riikide levimushinnangud probleemsele uimastitarbimisele Euroopa Liidus, 1995–2000, CT.00.RTX.23, Lissabon, Euroopa Narkootikumide ja Narkomaania Seirekeskus, 2003. Koor Raviuurimisinstituut (http://www.emcdda.eu.int/?nnodeid=1372).
Production, trafficking and seizures of opiates
Konfiskeerimised ja turuinfo()
Most of the world’s illicit opium and heroin comes from afew countries (UNODC, 2003a).
Opiaatide tootmine, kaubandus ja konfiskeerimised ajalise varieerumise osas(86
Global production of illicitopium in 2002 was estimated to be about 4500 metrictonnes, to which Afghanistan contributed 76%; most of therest came from South-East Asia, with about 18 % from Myanmar and 3%from Laos.
Enamik ebaseaduslikust oopiumist ja heroiinist maailmas ebaseaduslik oopiumitoodang 2002. aastal olihinnanguliselt umbes 4500 tonni, millest 76% tootis
The historically important Balkan
Aasiast, sellest umbes 18% Myanmarist ja 3% Laosest.
The data that are available show thatless than half (43%) of those being treated for heroin usefor the first time report current injecting compared with twoout of three (62%) of all those treated (weighted averages).In some countries (Spain, the Netherlands, Portugal), arelatively small proportion of heroin users appear to inject,whereas in other countries (Czech Republic, Slovenia,Finland) injection of heroin is still the norm.
kusjuures teistes riikides (Tšehhi Vabariik, Sloveenia,Soome) on her1990. aastatel on mitmes kaua Euroopa Liitu kuulunud alibanirežiimi kehtestatud unimaguna viljelemiskeeld Afganistanis et tekitab siiski see, et
In several longstanding EU countries from which data are available,injecting drug use seems to have fallen during the 1990s.However, it is worrying that in some other (Germany,Ireland, Finland) countries injecting drug use seems not todecrease and may even show signs of increasing, while inthe new Member States, at least where data exist, almost allheroin users seem to inject.
Euroopa Liidus tarbitav heroiin toodetakse valdavalt gis(UNODC, 2003a), ning tuuakse Euroopasse kaht peamist her oll heroiini
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Although these routes are the mostimportant, seizures have occasionally been madeelsewhere, including in some African countries and Colombia.
Alates 1990.aastate keskelt on heroiini salakaubana Euroopasse kuuel konfiskeerimisel. INCB (2004a) teatel konfiskeeriti
In Finland, a major wholesaleconsignment of 3-methylfentanyl was seized in 2002. In Lithuania, fentanyl was found in six seizures in 2002.
Aasia, Kaspia mere ja V(Narkootikumide ja Narkomaania Euroopa Tguriiklikud aruanded, 2003; UNODC, 2003a; CND, 2004; suurenemine Eur ettekitav, sageli koos heroiiniga. Vegistr
A substantialincrease in fentanyl on the European drug market would bevery worrying as its potential to cause problems is high.This is emphasised by reports from the Baltic countries inthe past two years of drug overdose deaths in whichfentanyl was found in the toxicology analysis, often togetherwith heroin.
Lisaks imporditud heroiinile toodetakse teatavaidopiaatideks liigitatavaid uimasteid ka Euroopa Liidus.
Vigilance is required as the drug may gounreported, especially if it is being mixed with illicit herointo increase its overall potency.
Seepiirdub peamiselt kodusel teel valmistatud oiiniga.
In addition, there are someanecdotal reports of the use of diverted fentanyl products;for example, in Greece there have been reports of drugusers extracting fentanyl from analgesic Durogesic®patches.
Peale selle on olemas eekas andmeid valuvaigistavatest Durogesic® plaastritest.
This is mainly confined to thelimited production of home-made poppy products (e.g.poppy concentrate from crushed poppy stalks or heads) ina number of east EU countries such as the Czech Republic,Estonia, Lithuania and Poland.
dest valmistatud unimagunakontsentraat) piiratudvalmistamisega terves reas Euroopa Liidu idapoolsetesriikides, nagu Tšehhi Vabariik, Eesti, Leedu ja Poola. Onditud heroiin
Buprenorphine — a pharmaceutical opioid — seems to beemerging on the black market in some EU countries, such as the Czech Republic, where Subutex® appeared in 2002, and the United Kingdom, where seizures have beenreported for the last three years.
®, ning kus 2002. aastal ilmus turule Subutex egistreeritud konfiskeerimisiviimase kolme aasta jooksul.
Finland reported
Soome kandis ette
Since1998, the EU country accounting for the greatest numberand quantity of heroin seizures has been the United significant seizures of Subutex®in 2001 and 2002, and Norway reported a large seizure of Temgesic®in 2002. To
®konfiskeerimistest 2001. ja2002. aastal, ning Norrast teatati preparaadi Temgesic® suur
Kingdom, followed by Spain (88
Euroopa Liidu riikidest konfiskeeriti alates 1998.aastast suurimal arvul ja suurimates kogustes heroiinignes Hispaania(88).
Kingdom was responsible for one third of the total numberof heroin seizures and 40%of the total amount of heroinseized in the EU.
Seda uimastit kolmandik her Euroopa Liidus konfiskeeritud her
International action against heroin trafficking
Euroopa Liidus konfiskeeritud her enesid
Based upontrends in countries from which data are available, the totalamount of heroin seized in the EU seems to have remained
Rahvusvaheline tegevus heroiinikaubanduse vastu oopa Liidus konfiskeeritud her
), although the number of heroin
) olenemata sellest, et 2002. aastal
93 ) seizures in 2002 decreased in all countries from which data
Alates 2002. aastast koondub Interpoli langes her projekti NEHRO(93
Since 2002, the Interpol project NEHRO (has focused on a new heroin trafficking route between are available (91
oiini uuele kaubateeleoopa vahel (Interpol, 2002;
A worrying development is the recent reports of traffickingin fentanyl, a synthetic opiate that is up to 100 times more potent than heroin (92
100 korda heroiinist kangem(92
Recently, seizures have been reported in a few countries bordering the Baltic Sea and in Russia.
Viimasel ajal on teatatud integr
Although this should be checked against missing 2002 data when available.
)Seda tuleks siiski kontrollida 2002. aasta andmete alusel, kui need teatavaks tehakse.
Belgium, Italy, Hungary, the Netherlands and Poland; data on both number of heroin seizures and quantities of heroin seized in 2002 were not available for Ireland, Cyprus, Malta, Slovakia and the United Kingdom.
Andmed heroiini konfiskeerimiste arvu kohta 2002. aastal eioola kohta; andmed nii heroiini konfiskeerimiste arvu kui ka konfiskeeritud koguste kohta
See Markets_Tbl 4 in the 2004 statistical bulletin.This should be checked against missing 2002 data when available.Ibid.If fentanyl were accidentally consumed, being mistaken for heroin, the risk of toxicity would be very high.North European heroin route.
))Vajaks kontrollimist 2002. aasta andmete alusel, kui need teatavaks tehakse.)Vajaks kontrollimist 2002. aasta andmete alusel, kui need teatavaks tehakse.))oopa heroiinimarsruut.
Annual report 2004: the state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway and the Ukraine are among the countries with the fastestgrowing HIV epidemics in the world.
Aastaaruanne 2004: Narkoprobleemide olukord Euroopa Liidus ja Norras emini. Euroopa Liidu teistes uutes
Prevalence rates varywidely in the other new EU countries, and several are stillat risk for similar outbreaks.
Operatsiooni TOPAZ ehk rahvusvahelise programmi abil,oiini valmistamisel valitseb samalaadsete haiguspuhangute oht.
Among the ‘old’ EU countries,some that have so far avoided large HIV epidemics amonginjecting drug users (IDUs) are now showing signs ofincreased risk.
Euroopa Liidu gustik ja variisikutenaoopas.
Afghanistan and other Asian countries joined the operation.
uimastitarbijate hulgas levivad suured HIV epideemiad on
Price and purity of heroin
Operatsioon TOP keskendada tegevus nii uimastite ebaseaduslikuks tootmiseks gnes langus
Analysis of case reporting data for IDUs suggests that HIVincidence peaked in Estonia and Latvia in 2001, at rates of991 and 281 cases per million population respectively,being followed by a decline in 2002 to what are still veryhigh rates of 525 and 170 per million per year (Figure 13) (EuroHIV, 2004).
Heroiini hind ja puhtus ge, olles vastavalt 525 ja 170 juhtu miljoni elanikukohta aastas (joonis13) (EuroHIV
Possible reasons for the observed declineare reporting artefacts, saturation of the IDUs at highest riskand/or behaviour change.
Euroopas esineb herpruun herja kallim valge her oopa vahemikus 29 eurost Ungaris 161 euroni Rootsis, kusjuuresvalge herost (Ungari)213 euroni (Rootsi)(94). Selles hinnavahes peegeldub
Of the new EU countries,Estonia (6.2–13%), Latvia (6.6–14.6%) and Poland(6.8–9.1%) reported the highest prevalence in differentnational samples of IDUs tested in 2001–03, while in thoseyears local highs of 41%(out of 964), 22%(out of 205)and 29.7%(out of 165) were found in these three countriesrespectively.
(6,6%–14,6%) ja Pgeimastlevimusest riiklikul tasandil moodustatud ning ajavahemikul2001–2003 testitud eri valimites, kusjuurgeim kohalik levimus nendeskolmes riigis, mis oli vastavalt 41% (964st), 22% (205st) jooksul on nii pruuni kui valge heroiini keskmised jaehinnad abariik, kelle andmete kohaselt on otsendilt oopa
In Estonia, HIV prevalence data from multiplesources seem to confirm a recent decline in prevalenceamong tested IDUs (6.2%in 2002 among 1186 IDUs
Liidu riigist, kes andmed esitasid, kuid valge heroiini edastatud andmete kohaselt.
Figure 13:Reported newly diagnosed cases of HIV infectionamong IDUs per million population in some new EU Member States
Joonis 13: uimastitarbijate hulgas miljoni elaniku kohta teatavates Euroopa Liidu uutes liikmesriikides
Latvia Lithuania
Uimastitega seotud nakkushaigused
Poland
0 Leedu Poola
European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS (EuroHIV).
AIDSi Epidemioloogilise Seire Euroopa Keskus (EuroHIV).
Chapter 6: Heroin and injecting drug use sampled at national level, down from 13%of 2078 in2001). In Latvia, national data from drug treatment centresalso show declining prevalence in tested IDUs (13.7%in2001 to 6.6%in 2003); however, data from other nationalsources (hospitals and arrests data: 7.8%in 2000 to14.6%in 2002) and local sources (multiple settings in the Riga region and in Tukums: 18.3%in 2000 to 22.0%in2003) suggest a continued increase in prevalence in othersamples of tested IDUs.
kg406446InsideET 16/11/04 15:40 Page 55 aastal kuni 6,2 pr uimastiravikeskuste riiklikud andmed samuti tunnistust kui ennetusmeetmed ei ole piisavad (vt jaotist Uimastitega oopa Liidu aastal 1,3 uuest juhust miljoni elaniku kohta Kreekas115,7 juhuni Portugalis (mis 2003. aastal langes88,4juhuni) (EuroHIV, 2004).
In Lithuania, a large increase innewly reported HIV cases occurred as recently as 2002,due to a major outbreak in a prison; however, prevalenceamong IDUs remains low (in 2002 and 2003: 1.0%of2831 and 2.4%of 1112 IDUs from multiple settings atnational level, and 0.6%of 641 IDUs and 0.4%of 235IDUs attending a needle exchange programme in Vilniusrespectively). The prison outbreak exemplifies both theurgency of implementing prevention measures in thiscountry and other regions where prevalence among IDUs isstill low and the important role that prisons can play in thespread of HIV among IDUs (Dolan, 1997–98; Dolan et al.,2003).
Kuna riikides, kus esinevad hulgas (13,7%-lt 2001. aastal 6,6%ni 2003. aastal), kuidmuude riiklike allikate andmete (haiglad javahistamisandmed: 7,8%-lt 2000. aastal 14,6%ni 2002.aastal) ning kohalike andmete kohaselt (mitmed kooslused Riia piirkonnas ja Tukumsis: 18,3%-lt 2000. aastal22,0%ni 2003. aastal) lubavad oletada levimuse pidevatsuur epideemiad, ei ole kehtestatud haiguslugudele toetuvat haiguspuhang viimasel ajal avastatud HIV juhtude arvusuur tulenevad ajalised suundumused olla Euroopa Liidu narkomaanist riiklikul tasandil koostatud eri valimite ogrammiga Vilniuses).
Available national-levelprevalence data suggest great variation between, as well aswithin, countries: from 0–1%in Finland (data from needleexchanges) to 9.7–35%in drug users in different nationalsamples in Spain (2001–03) (Figure 14).
Vanglas aset esti ser Olemasolevad riiklikud levimusandmed lubavad oletadariikide vahelist ja riigisisest suurt varieerumist: alates umbes1 prandmed) kuni 9,7–35 protsendini uimastitarbijatestkoosnevates riiklikul tasandil moodustatud eri valimites Hispaanias (2001–2003) (joonis14). Levimus testitud langemas (95
Hepatitis B and C and other infections
P teatanud kohaliku piirkonna kohta uuemad andmed.