natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Order intakes
Samal ajal kui liidu tootmisharu kärpis 2015. aastal kulusid, suurendades tootlikkust, vähendades sealhulgas teatud määral töötajate arvu ja kasutades ära toorainehindade alanemist, suurenes dumpinguhindadega import pidevalt, mis sundis liidu tootmisharu müügihindu liidus veelgi langetama, et pidurdada turuosa kaotust.
Foreseeability and imminence of the change in circumstances
Selle tulemusena, kui liidu tootmisharu näitas vähesel määral taastumist, vähendades kahjumeid 2014. aastal ja 2015. aasta esimesel poolel, pöördus suundumus täielikult ümber alates 2015. aasta teisest poolest: Hiina impordi maht jätkas suurenemist ja Hiina hinnad langesid veelgi, samas kui liidu tootmisharu hinnad ja kasumlikkus langesid veelgi.
Article 3(9) of the basic Regulation provides that ‘… the change in circumstances which would create a situation in which the dumping would cause injury must have been clearly foreseen and must be imminent.’
Võttes arvesse ajalist kokkulangevust ühelt poolt alanevate hindadega dumpinguhinnaga impordi pidevalt suureneva mahu ning teiselt poolt kahjumite suurenemist põhjustanud liidu tootmisharu turuosa kahanemise ja hinnalanguse vahel, eelkõige alates 2015. aasta teisest poolest, järeldas komisjon, et liidu tootmisharu olukorda mõjutas negatiivselt just dumpinguhinnaga import.
All the above-mentioned factors have been analysed and verified with respect to the investigation period.
Peale selle on Hiina majanduskasvu süvenev aeglustumine ning Hiina terasetööstuse tootmisvõimsuse väga märkimisväärne ülejääk sundinud Hiina terasetootjaid suunama toodangu ülejäägi eksporditurgudele ning liidu turg on ekspordiks atraktiivne sihtkoht.
Furthermore, the post-investigation period data revealed that this negative trend, which started in the second half of 2015, was not invalidated during the first half of 2016.
Sedamööda, kuidas üle maailma üha enam kaubanduse kaitsemeetmeid kehtestatakse, on tõenäolisem, et liidu turust on saanud vaatlusaluse toote Hiina dumpinguhinnaga impordile atraktiivseim sihtkoht, mille all kannatab liidu tootmisharu.
If this trend continues, the fragile situation of the Union industry will be turned into a material injury shortly.
Seda järeldust kinnitab järgnev:
Based on the data for the investigation period, the Commission thus concluded that there was a clearly foreseeable and imminent change in circumstances at the end of the investigation period, which will create a situation in which the dumping will cause injury.
Eurostati impordistatistika, mis näitab, et Hiina impordi tase on jätkuvalt oluline pärast uurimisperioodi lõppu;
Conclusion on threat of injury
Hiina siseturu terase nõudluse langemine.
While the Union industry was recovering during 2014 and the first two quarters of 2015, almost all injury indicators started to fall dramatically during the second half of 2015.
Muude tegurite mõju
The investigation revealed that this negative trend, which started in the second half of 2015, was not invalidated during the first half of 2016.
Majanduskriis
The Union industry's forecast concerning future profitability and future sales is negative and could be confirmed (see table 17 under recital (155)).
Samuti on täheldatud, et liidu tootmisharu hakkas taastuma 2014. ja 2015. aastal.
Decreasing sales and lower/negative margins are most likely to lead to heavy losses, lost orders and reduced jobs.
Seega, kuigi ühelt poolt liidu tootmisharu mõjutas eurotsooni võlakriis, eelkõige aastate 2012-2013 jooksul, taastus turg vähesel määral selle mõjust suhteliselt stabiilse ja isegi suureneva nõudlusega liidu turul alates 2013. aastast.
As a result, all factors assessed in the framework of Article 3(9) of the basic Regulation, in particular the significant rate of increase of dumped imports in 2015 (continued in 2016) at further decreasing prices, the huge excess capacity in the PRC, and the negative developments in profitability of the Union industry point to the same direction.
Kuigi liidu tootmisharu oleks võinud 2014. ja 2015. aastal turu taastumisest kasu saada, takistas seda järsult suurenenud import Hiina RVst.
In the view of this analysis, at this stage the Commission concluded that there was a threat of a clearly foreseeable and imminent injury to the Union industry at the end of the investigation period.
Madala hinnaga import Hiinast suurenes järk-järgult ja laiendas turuosa liidu tootmisharu arvelt.
CAUSATION
Impordi järjepidevat survet hakati täielikult tundma alates 2015. aasta teisest poolest.
In accordance with Article 3(7) of the basic Regulation, the Commission also examined whether other known factors could at the same time have threatened to injure the Union industry.
Samas ei mõjutanud see kahju tekkimise ohtu, mis tuvastati 2015. aasta lõpus.
The Commission ensured that any possible threat of injury caused by factors other than the dumped imports from the PRC was not attributed to the dumped imports.
Vaatlusaluse toote/samasuguse toote peamiste toormaterjalide (rauamaak, koksisüsi ja vanametall) kulude vähenemine
These factors are: the economic crisis and decrease in steel demand, the cost of raw materials causing the decrease of the sales prices, imports from other third countries, the export sales performance of the Union producers, and the allegation that one Union producer on its own is injuring the Union industry.
Huvitatud osapool väitis, et vaatlusaluse toote ja samasuguse toote hinnad järgivad ühtset ülemaailmset hinnasuundumust ja kajastavad sisuliselt rauamaagi langevaid hindu.
Effects of the dumped imports
Seetõttu ei avaldanud hinnasurvet ja ei põhjustanud järgnevat kahju tekkimise ohtu mitte Hiina eksport, vaid ülemaailmne suundumus.
Sales prices of the Chinese exporting producers decreased on average from 600 EUR/tonne in 2012 to 404 EUR/tonne during the investigation period (– 33 %).
Komisjon analüüsis kuumvaltsitud lehtterastoodete toormaterjalide hindade muutumist vaatlusaluse perioodi jooksul.
By continuously lowering their unit sales price during the period considered, and as set out in recital (76), the Chinese exporting producers were able to significantly increase their market share from 2012 (0,79 %) to the investigation period (4,32 %).
Esiteks konkureerivad siseriiklikud tootjad paljude impordiallikatega, nagu näidatud põhjenduse 177 tabelis 18, välja kujunenud teraseturgudel, nagu liidu turg, mis põhjustab hinnasurve suurenemist ja seejärel hinnalangust.
In particular, during the investigation period, compared to the previous years, there was a substantial increase of Chinese imports.
Teiseks, hoolimata sellest, et Hiina RV on küll maailma suurim terasetarbija, on riigis oluline tootmisvõimsuse ülejääk.
While the drop in steel demand and the aftermath of the Eurozone debt crisis affected negatively the performance of the Union industry in 2012 and 2013, the Union industry was able to recover slightly in 2014.
Hiina tootjatele pakutakse seetõttu stiimuleid, et eksportida oma toodangu ülejääki nende kõige atraktiivsematele turgudele, sh liidu turg.
However, in particular from the second half of 2015 onwards, the continuous increase in imports from the country concerned at undercutting prices had a clear negative impact on the performance of the Union industry.
Seetõttu ei ole toormaterjalide hindade suundumus ainus tegur, mis mõjutab ülemaailmseid hindu.
Indeed, while the Union industry was cutting in 2015 its costs by productivity gains, including some labour reductions and benefitting from the decrease in raw material prices, dumped imports kept on increasing and forced the Union industry to decrease its Union sales prices even more to limit its loss of market share.
Kolmandaks tunnistatakse, et kuumvaltsitud lehtterastoodete peamiste toormaterjalide (rauamaak, koksisüsi ja vanametall) hinnad langesid oluliselt 2012. ja 2015. aasta vahel järgmisel viisil:
As a result, while the Union industry's profitability showed slight improvement by reducing losses in 2014 and the first half of 2015, the trend reversed completely from the second half of 2015 onwards: the volume of Chinese imports increased further and the Chinese prices decreased even more while the Union industry prices and profitability went further down.
rauamaagi hind vähenes tasemelt ligikaudu 141 USA dollarit Mt kohta tasemele 56 USA dollarit Mt kohta, ehk siis vähenes 60 % võrra;
In view of the coincidence in time between, on the one hand, the ever-increasing level of dumped imports at continuously decreasing prices and, on the other hand, the Union industry's loss of market share and price depression resulting in further losses, in particular from the second half of 2015 onwards, the Commission concluded that the dumped imports had a negative impact on the situation of the Union industry.
vanametalli hind vähenes tasemelt ligikaudu 327 USA dollarit Mt kohta tasemele 159 USA dollarit Mt kohta, ehk siis vähenes 51 % võrra;
Moreover, the progressive slowing down of the Chinese economy and the very significant overcapacity of the Chinese steel industry has pushed Chinese steel producers to direct their excess production towards export markets and the Union market is an attractive export destination.
koksisüsi hind vähenes tasemelt ligikaudu 252 USA dollarit Mt kohta tasemele 121 USA dollarit Mt kohta (– 52 %).
Indeed, some other traditionally important export markets imposed measures against Chinese steel products, including hot-rolled flat steel products.
Kui samas analüüsiti suurima valimisse kaasatud liidu tootja tootmiskulu, tuleb välja, et nende langevate toormaterjalide hindade mõju on palju väiksem kui mainitud hinnamuutus.
With the growing imposition of trade defence measures across the globe, it is likely that the Union market has become one of the most attractive destinations for Chinese dumped imports of the product concerned, to the detriment of Union industry.
Muutus puudutab keskmisi väärtusi ja ei kajasta liidu tootjate kulusid, mis sõltuvad ka kvaliteedist, kvantiteedist ja lepingulistest suhetest.
This conclusion is corroborated by:
Samuti vähenes tootmiskulu liidu tootmisharus kokku 25 % vaatlusaluse perioodi jooksul (vt põhjendust 104), mis tulenes mitte ainult toormaterjalide väiksemast kulust, vaid ka liidu tootjate saavutatud suuremast tõhususest.
the Eurostat import statistics which show that the level of Chinese imports continues to be significant after the end of the investigation period;
Lisaks sellele vähenesid keskmised impordihinnad veel rohkem, st 33 % sama perioodi jooksul (vt põhjendusi 78 ja 79).
the weakened Chinese internal steel demand.
Õiglases turuolukorras oleks liidu tootmisharu võinud säilitada oma müügihinna taseme, lõigates sel moel kasu kulude vähenemisest ja saavutades taas kasumlikkuse.
Effects of other factors
Samas pidid liidu tootjad järgima hinnasuundumusi liidu turul ja hinnad vähenesid.
The economic crisis
Uurimisperioodi jooksul olid liidu tootjad isegi sunnitud müüma hindadega, mis ei katnud kulusid, isegi juhul, kui nad olid suutnud juba oluliselt oma tootmiskulusid vähendada.
The drop in steel demand in mainly 2012 and the aftermath of the Eurozone debt crisis affected negatively the performance of the Union steel industry in 2012 and 2013.
Import kolmandatest riikidest
It is also observed however that the Union industry started recovering during 2014 and 2015.
Tabel 18
Therefore, on the one hand, even if the Union industry was impacted by the Eurozone debt crisis, namely during the years 2012-2013, the market was recovering slightly from their effects with a relatively stable, even increasing Union market demand from 2013 onwards.
Kolmandatest riikidest pärit impordi mahud, ühikuhinnad ja turuosad
As a result, whereas between 2014 and 2015 the Union industry could have benefited more from the recovery of the market, it was prevented from doing so by a steep increase in imports from the PRC.
BRASIILIA
Low-priced Chinese imports gradually increased and captured market shares to the detriment of the Union industry.
Brasiiliast pärit impordi maht
The continuous pressure of imports started to be fully felt from the second half of 2015.
Impordi ühikuhinnad Brasiiliast
The Commission thus concluded at this stage that the Eurozone debt crisis had had a negative impact during mainly the years 2012 and 2013 of the period considered and before the investigation period.
Liidu impordi kogumahu osa
However, it did not contribute to the threat of injury found at the end of 2015.
IRAAN
Decrease in cost of the main raw materials (iron ore, coking coal and scrap) of the product concerned/like product
Iraanist pärit impordi maht
An interested party argued that the prices of the product concerned and the like product would follow a sole worldwide price trend and basically reflect the decreasing prices of iron ore.
Impordi ühikuhinnad Iraanist
Accordingly, it was not the Chinese exports, but a worldwide trend, which exerted the price pressure and caused the ensuing threat of injury.
VENEMAA
The Commission analysed the developments in raw material prices for HRF for the period considered.
Venemaalt pärit impordi maht
First, in established steel markets, such as the Union market, domestic producers compete with many import sources as shown in table 18 under recital (177) below, leading to a growing price pressure and, consequently, to price erosions.
Impordi ühikuhinnad Venemaalt
Second, even if the PRC is the most steel consuming country in the world, it has a significant excess capacity.
Serbiast pärit impordi maht
Chinese producers are thus incentivised to export their surplus of production at low prices to their most attractive markets, including the Union market.
Impordi ühikuhinnad Serbiast
Hence, the trend of raw materials prices is not the only factor which has an impact on world-wide prices.
UKRAINA
Third, it is acknowledged though that prices for the main raw materials (iron ore, coking coal and scrap) to produce HRF fell significantly between 2012 and 2015 as follows:
Ukrainast pärit impordi maht
the price for iron ore decreased from about 141 USD per MT to 56 USD per MT, or a decrease of 60 %;
Impordi ühikuhinnad Ukrainast
the price for demolition scrap fell from about 327 EUR per MT to 159 EUR per MT, or a decrease of 51 %;
Nagu on kirjeldatud põhjenduse 76 tabelis, kasvas import Hiina RVst 516 % vaatlusaluse perioodi jooksul.
the price for coking coal lowered from about 252 USD per MT to 121 USD per MT (– 52 %).
Kui suurenemise kiirus vaatlusaluse perioodi jooksul oli isegi kõrgem Brasiilia (+ 836 %) ja Iraani (+ 1052 %) puhul, olid nende impordikogused absoluutarvudes (vastavalt 580525 tonni Brasiiliast ja 1015088 tonni Iraanist) palju väiksemad kui import Hiina RVst (1519304 tonni Hiina RVst) uurimisperioodi jooksul.
The evolution is about averages and does not reflect the costs for the Union producers which also depend on quality, quantity and contracted relationships.
Venemaa import võis suurendada [29] kahju tekkimise ohtu, kuid see ei katkestanud põhjuslikku seost, nagu näitavad järgmised kaalutlused.
For example, the input from the three above mentioned raw materials accounted for about 60 % of the total cost of production of one big producer in 2012, but was still at 50 % of its total cost of production in 2015.
Esiteks on Hiina RV kasvukiirus vaatlusaluse perioodi jooksul (+ 516 %) palju kõrgem kui Venemaa sama näitaja (+ 28 %).
This shows that there is no direct correlation between the fall in raw material prices and a decrease of cost of production for HRF.
Teiseks vähendas Hiina RV vahet Venemaaga, kes eksportis ainult vähesel määral enam, st 773686 tonni (allikas: Eurostat) 2016. aasta esimesel poolel, võrreldes mahuga 773275 tonni (allikas: Eurostat) Hiina RVst sama perioodi jooksul.
Furthermore, the cost of production within the Union industry decreased altogether by 25 % over the period considered (see recital (104)), which was the result of not only a lower cost for the raw materials but also due to efficiency gains achieved by Union producers.
Kolmandaks ei ole Venemaa üleliigne tootmisvõimsus nii suur kui Hiina RV olemasolev üleliigne tootmisvõimsus, nagu on näidatud alljärgnevas tabelis:
In addition, the average import prices decreased by a higher percentage, i.e. by 33 % over the same period (see recitals (78) and (79)).
Tabel 19
Under fair market conditions, the Union industry could have maintained its sales price levels so as to reap the benefits of a reduction in costs and reach profitability again.
Samasuguse toote tegelik tootmine kolmandate riikide poolt (tuhat tonni)
However, Union producers had to follow the trend of prices on the Union market and prices fell down.
Tootmisvõimsuse andmete allikas: OECD [30].
During the investigation period Union producers were even forced to sell at prices below costs, even though they had already managed to reduce significantly their costs of production.
Tootmisandmete allikas: World Steel Association (Maailma Teraseühendus), Steel statistical Yearbook 2015 (terase statistiline aastaraamat 2015) [31].
Imports from third countries
Riik
The volume of imports and market share (in volume of total imports) from third countries developed over the period considered as follows:
Toorterase hinnanguline tootmisvõimsus 2014. aastal
Table 18
Toorterase toodang 2013. aastal
Volumes, unit prices and market shares from third countries
Toorterase toodang 2014. aastal
BRAZIL
Kuumvaltsitud lehtterastoodete tegelik toodang 2013. aastal
Volume of imports from Brazil
Kuumvaltsitud lehtterastoodete tegelik toodang 2014. aastal
Unit import prices from Brazil
Venemaa
Share in total Union import volume
HRV
IRAN
Isegi kui tootmisvõimsuse eelmainitud arvud käiksid ainult toorterase kohta ja isegi väga ebatõenäolisel eeldusel, et kogu toorterast Venemaal kasutataks samasuguse toote tootmiseks, on Venemaa üleliigne tootmisvõimsus isegi selle ebatõenäolise stsenaariumi korral oluliselt väiksem Hiina üleliigsest tootmisvõimsusest.
Volume of imports from Iran
Samuti hindas komisjon seejärel kolmandatest riikidest pärit impordi hindu ja turuosi.
Unit import prices from Iran
Ta märkis, et samasuguse toote import mõnest muust riigist, nagu Iraan, Venemaa ja Ukraina, toimus hindadega, mis on isegi madalamad kui hind, mis on impordil vaatlusalusest riigist.
RUSSIA
Samas suundumusi ja impordimahtusid analüüsides on selge, et impordi tase Iraanist oli palju madalam kui impordi tase Hiina RVst uurimisperioodi jooksul, ning et Venemaalt ja Ukrainast pärit impordi mahud suurenesid tõesti vaatlusaluse perioodi jooksul, kuid see toimus oluliselt aeglasemalt kui Hiina RVst pärit import.
Volume of imports from Russia
Samuti erinevalt Hiina RVst kaotas Venemaalt ja Ukrainast pärit import olulise osa liidu impordi kogumahtudest vaatlusaluse perioodi jooksul.
Unit import prices from Russia
Viimaks võrdles komisjon tegelikku tootmist kolmandate riikide poolt vaatlusaluse riigi tootmisega, näidates, et Hiina tootmisvõimsus on kõikidest riikidest suurem nii samasuguse toote kui ka toorterase tootmisvõimsuse osas.
SERBIA
Tabel 20
Volume of imports from Serbia
Tootmisvõimsuse andmete allikas: OECD [32].
Unit import prices from Serbia
Tootmisandmete allikas: World Steel Association (Maailma Teraseühendus), Steel statistical Yearbook 2015 (terase statistiline aastaraamat 2015) [33].
UKRAINE
Toorterase hinnanguline tootmisvõimsus 2014. aastal (1)
Volume of imports from Ukraine
Toorterase toodang 2014. aastal (2)
Unit import prices from Ukraine
Teoreetiline üleliigne tootmisvõimsus 2014. aastal (1)
As set out in the table in recital (76), imports from the PRC grew with 516 % during the period considered.
Ukraina
Although the growth rate during the period considered was even higher for Brazil (+ 736 %) and Iran (+ 952 %), their levels of imports (580525 tonnes from Brazil, and 1015088 tonnes from Iran respectively) were much lower than the imports from the PRC in absolute figures (1519304 tonnes from the PRC) during the investigation period.
Iraan
Furthermore, comparing absolute export figures, it is observed that the country concerned was the second largest exporter to the Union market during the investigation period, after Russia.
Brasiilia
Russian imports [29] may have contributed to the threat of injury, but did not break the causal link because of the following considerations.
Eelmainitud tootmisnäitajad samasuguse toote kohta näitavad, et vaatlusaluse riigi tootmisvõimsus on oluliselt suurem kui muudel suurtel eksportivatel riikidel.
First, the growth rate of the PRC during the period considered (+ 516 %) is much higher than the one of Russia (+ 28 %).
Samuti näitavad eelmainitud toorterase tootmisvõimsuse näitajad seda, et ainult Hiina RVl on nii massiivne üleliigne tootmisvõimsus.
Second, the PRC closed the gap with Russia that exported only slightly more, i.e. 773686 tonnes (source: Eurostat) during the first half of 2016 compared to a volume of 773275 tonnes (source: Eurostat) from the PRC in the same period.
Seega leidis komisjon, et Hiina RV kujutab endast liidu tootmisharule vahetut kahju tekkimise ohtu.
Third, the excess capacity of Russia is not as significant as the excess capacity existing in PRC as shown in the table below-:
Nagu eelnevalt mainitud, on see kahju tekkimise oht muutunud realistlikumaks sellise koosmõju tõttu, mida põhjustab Hiina terasenõudluse aeglustumine ja asjaolu, et mõned teised Hiina eksporditurud muutuvad raskemini juurdepääsetavateks.
Table 19
Seetõttu suunatakse ka lähitulevikus tõenäoliselt jätkuvalt osa Hiina toodangust liitu.
Actual production of the like product by third countries (in thousands of tonnes)
Samas on samuti tõenäoline, et Brasiiliast, Iraanist, Venemaalt, Serbiast ja Ukrainast pärit import on suurendanud olulise kahju tekkimise ohtu.
Source for capacity data: OECD [30]Source for production data: World Steel Association, Steel Statistical Yearbook 2015 [31]
Sellest hoolimata ei ole aluseks olev tootmine, impordisuundumused ja täpsete impordimahtude absoluutsed näitajad sellises proportsioonis, et need rikuksid põhjusliku seose Hiina RVst pärit üha suureneva ja üha kasvava dumpinguhindadega impordi ning liidu tootmisharule kahju tekkimise ohu vahel.
Country
Liidu tootmisharu ekspordimüügi tulemused
Crude steel capacity estimated for the year 2014
Valimisse kaasatud liidu tootjate ekspordimaht muutus vaatlusalusel perioodil järgmiselt.
Crude steel production in 2013
Tabel 21
Crude steel production in 2014
Ekspordi mahud sõltumatutele klientidele valimisse kaasatud liidu tootjate poolt
HRF actual production in 2013
Ekspordimaht sõltumatutele klientidele
HRF actual production in 2014
Keskmine hind (eurodes tonni kohta)
Russia
Ekspordi maht sõltumatutele klientidele suurenes 3 % võrra uurimisperioodi jooksul.
PRC
Hinnad langesid vaatlusalusel perioodil oluliselt – 24 %.
Even if the figures above on capacity are exclusively on crude steel, and even under the very unlikely assumption that all crude steel in Russia would be used for producing the like product, the excess capacity of Russia is even in that unlikely scenario far below the excess capacity of China.
Ekspordi müügitehingud moodustasid mitte rohkem kui 4 % liidu kogutoodangust ja 22 % kogumüügist sõltumatutele klientidele uurimisperioodi jooksul.
Furthermore, the Commission then assessed the prices and market shares of the third country imports.
Samuti järgis ekspordihindade vähenemine protsentides sama suundumust, nagu liidu tootjate müügihinnad liidu turul.
It noted that imports of the like product from some other countries such as Iran, Russia and Ukraine, were made at prices even lower than that of imports from the country concerned.
Seetõttu järeldas komisjon käesolevas etapis, et liidu tootjate ekspordi müügitehingute tulemused aitasid kaasa tootmisharu nõrgale olukorrale.
However, when analysing the trends and import volumes, it is clear that the level of imports from Iran were much lower than the level of imports from the PRC in the investigation period, and that imports from Russia and Ukraine indeed increased in volumes during the period considered, but at a much slower pace than the imports from the PRC.
Samas ei purustanud see tegur põhjuslikku seost dumpinguhindadega impordi ja liidu tootmisharu olulise kahju tekkimise ohu vahel.