natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Gas retail supply
BKartA keskendub turu kindlaksmääramisel varustamise etappidele ning eristab suurte ja väikeste tarbijate maagaasiga varustamist, eristades RLM ja SLP tarbijaid varustavaid eri turge [20].
The Commission differentiates between the following markets: supply of natural gas to (i) small customers (including households); and (ii) large customers, which are subdivided into large industrial customers and power stations [19].
RLM tarbijad tarbivad iga aasta rohkem kui 1,5 GWh, samal ajal kui SLP tarbijad tarbivad iga aasta kuni 1,5 GWh [21].
When defining the market, the BKartA focuses on the supply stages and differentiates between the supply of large and small customers with natural gas, distinguishing separate markets for the supply of RLM and SLP customers [20].
Loobudes oma varasemast otsuste praktikast SLP tarbijate suhtes, teeb BKartA nüüd nagu ka elektrienergia sektoris vahet:
RLM customers have an annual consumption of more than 1,5 GWh, whereas SLP customers have an annual consumption of up to 1,5 GWh [21].
SLP tarbijate põhi- ja asendusvarustamisel (põhitarne turg) ning
Departing from its earlier decision-making practice in respect of SLP customers, the BKartA now further differentiates — as in the electricity sector — between:
erilepinguga SLP tarbijate varustamisel (erilepingu turg) [22].
the default and auxiliary supply of SLP customers (default supply market); and
Nende kahe turu eristamine põhineb faktil, et põhi- ja asendusvarustamine sisaldavad sisuliselt täielikku lepingu sõlmimise kohustust [23].
the supply of SLP customers on the basis of special contracts (special contract market) [22].
Tavatarnija on kohustatud kodutarbijatele tarnima ja tarnimise tingimused on enamjaolt seaduses sätestatud.
The distinction between these two markets is based on the fact that default and auxiliary supply involves a virtually comprehensive obligation to contract [23].
Lisaks erineb põhitarnimise ja erilepingutel põhineva tarnimise hind märkimisväärselt [24].
The default supplier is obliged to supply residential customers and the terms and conditions of supply are, for the most part, prescribed by law.
Taotlus hõlmab turgu, mis varustab RLM tarbijaid ja SLP erilepinguga tarbijaid gaasiga.
Furthermore, there is a significant price difference between default supply and supply on the basis of special contracts [24].
Võttes arvesse põhjendustes 12–21 analüüsitud tegureid, määratletakse selleks, et hinnata, kas direktiivi 2014/25/EL artiklis 34 sätestatud tingimused on täidetud, ning ilma et see piiraks liidu muude eeskirjade kohaldamist, järgmised asjakohased tooteturud:
The Request covers the market for gas supply of RLM customers and SLP special contract customers.
elektrienergia jaemüük RLM tarbijatele;
In view of the factors examined under recitals 12 to 21, for the purposes of assessing whether the conditions laid down in Article 34 of Directive 2014/25/EU are fulfilled, and without prejudice to the application of other Union law, the relevant product markets are the following:
elektrienergia jaemüük SLP erilepinguga tarbijatele;
electricity retail supply to RLM customers;
gaasi jaemüük RLM tarbijatele;
electricity retail supply to SLP special contract customers;
gaasi jaemüük SLP erilepinguga tarbijatele;
gas retail supply to RLM customers;
Asjaomased geograafilised turud
gas retail supply to SLP special contract customers.
Komisjon leidis oma otsuses M.5496 Vattenfall / Nuon Energy, [25] et Saksamaa suurte (ehk RLM) tarbijate turg oli riiklik, samal ajal kui see võiks olla, olenevalt tarnija suurusest, väikestele ja kodumajapidamiste (ehk SLP) tarbijatele regionaalne.
Relevant geographic markets
Ent lõpuks jättis see asjassepuutuva geograafilise turu täpse mõiste lahtiseks.
In its Decision M.5496 Vattenfall/Nuon Energy [25], the Commission found that the market for large (or RLM) customers in Germany was national, whereas it could be regional for small and household (or SLP) customers, depending on the size of the distributor.
Komisjon arutas taas oma otsuses M. 7778 – Vattenfall/Engie/GASAG, [26] kas väiketarbijatele mõeldud elektrienergia ja gaasi jaemüügi turge peaks määratlema regionaalsetena ning jättis lõpuks mõlemad turud lahtiseks.
However, it eventually left open the precise definition of the relevant geographical market.
BKartA leidis, et elektrienergia jaemüügi turg oli nii RLM kui ka SLP tarbijate jaoks riiklik.
In its Decision M. 7778 — Vattenfall/Engie/GASAG [26], the Commission again discussed whether both the market for electricity retail supply to small customers as well as for gas retail supply to small customers in Germany should be defined as regional, leaving both markets finally open.
Viimasel juhul loobus BKartA oma varasemast võrguga seotud turu mõistest, kuna nüüd paljude tarnijate vahel valimise võimaluse saanud erilepinguga tarbijate konkurentsitingimused muutusid.
The BKartA found that the market for retail supply of electricity was national both for RLM and SLP customers.
Olgugi, et enamus SLP tarbijatele erilepinguid pakkuvatest regionaalsetest tarnijatest on regionaalse suunitlusega, siis märkimisvääne (ja tõusev) arv tarnijaid on kaubelnud väljaspool oma määratud tarneala.
In the latter case, it departed from its earlier network-related market definition, given the change in the competitive conditions of special contract customers, who now have a wide range of suppliers to choose from.
4 % kõikidest tarnijatest ehk rohkem kui 30 ettevõtet varustavad tarbijaid 251–500 võrgualal, see tähendab üle kogu riigi.
Although the majority of regional suppliers who offer special contracts for SLP customer have a regional focus, a considerable (and increasing) number of suppliers have been trading outside their own established supply area.
Lisaks tegutsevad 56 ettevõtet rohkem kui 500 võrgualal, kattes nii kogu riiki.
4 % of all suppliers, equivalent to more than 30 companies, supply customers in 251-500 network areas, i.e. nationwide.
Selleks, et hinnata direktiivi 2014/25/EL artiklis 34 sätestatud tingimuste täitmist ning ilma et see piiraks muude liidu õigusaktide kohaldamist, on elektrienergia jaemüügi asjaomane geograafiline turg RLM ja erilepinguga SLP tarbijate jaoks riiklik.
A further 56 undertakings operate in more than 500 network areas, covering the whole country.
Isegi, kui hinnang keskenduks regionaalsele tasemele, oleksid sarnased konkurentsipiirangud olemas väiketarbijatele elektrienergia jaemüügi turul.
For the purpose of assessing whether the conditions laid down in Article 34 of Directive 2014/25/EU are fulfilled, and without prejudice to the application of other Union law, the relevant geographic market for electricity retail supply is national for RLM and SLP with special contract customers.
Komisjon leidis oma otsuses M.5467 RWE/Essent, [27] et on olemas tõendeid, mis toetavad fakti, et gaasi jaeturg on regionaalne.
Even if the assessment would focus on the regional level, comparable competitive constraints would exist on the market for electricity retail supply to small customers.
Kui BKartA loobus oma varasemast võrguga seotud turu mõistest, siis ta andis märku tarnijate vahel valimise võimaluse saanud RLM ja erilepinguga SLP tarbijate konkurentsitingimuste muutustest.
In its Decision M.5467 RWE/Essent [27], the Commission found there was evidence to support the fact that the gas retail market was regional.
BKartA käsitles EWE/VNG liitumise kohta tehtud otsuses [28] põhjalikult gaasisektori raamtingimusi ja teostas menetluse raames mitmeid turu uuringuid.
Departed from its earlier network-related market definition, the BKartA noted the changes in the competitive conditions for RLM and SLP with special contract customers, who now have a wide range of suppliers to choose from.
BKartA leidis, et RLM tarbijate varustamise turg oli riiklik ning enam polnud seotud võrguga ega turupiirkonnaga.
In its decision on the EWE/VNG merger [28], the BKartA examined in detail the framework conditions of the gas sector, carrying out many market surveys in the context of the procedure.
BKartA tegi kindlaks, et kiirelt arenev konkurents hõlmas traditsioonilisi jaotuspiirkondi.
It concluded that the market for the supply of RLM customers was national and no longer network-related or related to market area.
Mis puudutab SLP tarbijaid, siis BKartA leidis samuti, et turg oli riiklik.
The BKartA established that rapidly advancing competition was permeating the traditional distribution areas.
SLP tarbijad saavad piisaval arvul (keskmiselt umbes 10) tarnijate vahel valida ning kõrgeimad hinnad pole odavaimast hinnast üle 10 % kallimad.
Concerning SLP customers, the BKartA also concluded that the market was national.
Olgugi, et enamus gaasitarnijatest on regionaalse suunitlusega, siis rohkem kui 50 (ehk 7 %) tegutsevad siseriiklikult.
SLP customer have a sufficient number of suppliers to choose from (about 10 on average), the maximum prices of which are no more than 10 % above the cheapest rate.
Selleks, et hinnata direktiivi 2014/25/EL artiklis 34 sätestatud tingimuste täitmist ning ilma et see piiraks muude liidu õigusaktide kohaldamist, arvestab komisjon, et gaasi jaemüügi asjaomane geograafiline turg on RLM ja erilepinguga SLP tarbijate jaoks riiklik.
Although the majority of gas suppliers have a regional focus, more than 50 (or 7 %) operate on a national basis.
Isegi, kui hinnang keskenduks regionaalsele tasemele, oleksid sarnased konkurentsipiirangud olemas väiketarbijatele gaasi jaemüügi turul.
For the purpose of assessing whether the conditions laid down in Article 34 of Directive 2014/25/EU are fulfilled, and without prejudice to the application of other Union law, this Decision, the Commission will consider that the relevant geographic market for gas retail supply is national for RLM and SLP with special contract customers.
Turuanalüüs
Even if the assessment would focus on the regional level, comparable competitive constraints would exist on the market for gas retail supply to small customers.
Saksamaa elektrienergia täielikud tarbimismahud on Saksamaa riikliku reguleerimisameti – Bundesnetzagentur (edaspidi „BNetzA“) ja BKartA ühise seirearuande (edaspidi „seirearuanne“) alusel järgmised:
Market analysis
Täielikud tarbimismahud (TWh-des),
The total volumes of electricity withdrawals in Germany are the following, according to a joint monitoring report by the German national regulatory agency — Bundesnetzagentur (hereinafter referred to ‘BNetzA’) — and the BKartA (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Monitoring Report’):
millest tööstused ja äriühingud
Total withdrawal volumes (in TWh)
Vaadeldud elektrienergia tarnijad müüsid vastavalt 2015. aasta seirearuandele kogu Saksamaal RLM tarbijatele kokku umbes 268 TWh elektrienergiat.
of which, industrial and commercial undertakings
Umbes 88 TWh kuulub neljale suurimale RLM tarbijate turu ettevõttele (RWe, Vattenfall, EnBW ja E.ON).
of which, residential customers [32]
Selle alusel on nelja suurima ettevõtte liidetud turuosaks sellel turul umbes 33 % [33].
of which, pumped storage
2014. aastal müüdi SLP erilepinguga klientidele umbes 103 TWh, mis on SLP tarbijatele kokku müüdud mahust 64 % [34].
It shows that the combined market share of the four largest companies is approximately 41,6 %.
BDEW suurimate liikmete, keda võib pidada võrgustiku sektori hankijateks, turuosad esitas taotleja taotluse salajases lisas.
The two largest suppliers, RWE and E.ON, are not subject to public procurement rules.
Need turuosad on […] RLM tarbijate varustamiseks ja […] SLP tarbijate varustamiseks.
According to the 2015 Monitoring Report, the electricity suppliers surveyed sold a total of approximately 268 TWh of electricity to RLM customers throughout Germany.
Järgides väljakujunenud tava komisjoni otsuste tegemisel vastavalt Euroopa Parlamendi ja nõukogu direktiivi 2004/17/EÜ [36] artiklile 30 leidis komisjon, et elektrienergia tarbimises oli kolme suurima ettevõtte kogu turuosa märkimisväärne.
Approximately 88 TWh were attributable to the four largest undertakings (RWE, Vattenfall, EnBW und E.ON) on the market for RLM customers.
Komisjoni otsuses 2010/403/EL [37] oli kolme suurima elektrienergia jaemüüja liidetud turuosa Itaalias 43,89 %.
This results in an aggregate market share of the four largest undertakings on this market of approximately 33 % [33].
Komisjoni otsuses 2007/706/EÜ [38] oli see turuosa Rootsis 43 %.
A total of approximately 103 TWh were sold to SLP special contract customers in 2014, corresponding to 64 % of the total volume sold to SLP customers [34].
Antud juhtumis on kolme suurima jaemüüja turuosa Saksamaa elektrienergia turul 36,8 %.
In 2014, the cumulative sales of the four largest undertakings amounted to approximately 37 TWh, leading to an aggregated market share of the four largest undertakings of approximately 36 % [35].
Saksamaa elektrienergia turul on väga palju aktiivseid tarnijaid.
The market shares of the larger members of BDEW that can be regarded as contracting entities were provided by the Applicant in a confidential annex to the Request.
BKartA ütleb oma arvamuses, et rohkem kui 50 tarnijat on aktiivsed kogu võrguala ulatusest 82 % alal.
These market shares are […] for the supply to RLM customers and […] for the supply to SLP customers.
Saksamaa lõpptarbijad (mis hõlmavad nii RLM kui ka SLP tarbijaid) saavad keskmiselt valida oma võrgualal 106 tarnija vahel [39].
As it results from a constant practice in respect of Commission Decisions pursuant to Article 30 of Directive 2004/17/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council [36], the Commission considered that, concerning electricity supply, the total market share of the largest three undertakings was relevant.
Tõhusat konkurentsi tõendab veelgi elektrienergia tarnijate kõrge vahetamise sagedus.
In Commission Decision 2010/403/EU [37], the aggregated market shares of the three largest electricity retailers in Italy was 43,89 %.
2014. aastal oli RLM tarbijate (tööstuslike ja äritarbijate) seas tarnija vahetamise määr umbes 11 %.
In Commission Decision 2007/706/EC [38] concerning Sweden, this market share was 43 %.
Tööstuslike ja äritarbijate seas on tarnija vahetamise määr alates 2006. aastast jäänud enam-vähem püsivaks [40].
In the present case, the market share of the three largest retailers on the German electricity market is 36,8 %.
Elektrienergia tarnija vahetamise eest maksma ei pea.
The number of suppliers active on the German electricity market is high.
Seevastu on tarnija vahetamine SLP tarbijate seas alates 2006. aastast märgatavalt suurenenud ja püsib 3,8 miljonil [41].
In its Opinion, the BKartA states that more than 50 suppliers are active in 82 % of all network areas.
Kodutarbijate põhivarustamise osa oli 2014. aastal 32,8 %, mis tähendab, et 67,2 % kodutarbijatest on vahetanud oma elektrienergia tarnelepingut vähemalt korra ja on seega erilepinguga [42].
On average, German end-customers (which cover both RLM and LP customers) can choose from 106 suppliers in their network area [39].
Põhitarnijate kui lepingu osapoolte vähenev tähtsus näitab ka tõhusa konkurentsi suurenemist.
Further evidence of effective competition is the high switching rate in electricity supply.
Kodutarbijate seas on nad siiski jäänud domineerivaks: 2014. aastal oli 43 % erileping kohaliku põhitarnijaga.
The supplier switching rate among RLM customers (industrial and commercial customers) in 2014 was approximately 11 %.
32,8 % kodutarbijatel oli põhitarnijaga klassikaline leping (2012: 36,7 %).
The switching rate among industrial and commercial customers has remained more or less constant since 2006 [40].
24 % kõikidest klientidest varustas muu ettevõte, mitte põhitarnija (2012: 20,1 %) [43].
No costs are incurred for switching electricity supplier.
Olukord erilepinguga äri- ja tööstustarbijate puhul on erinev.
By contrast, switching among SLP customers has increased significantly since 2006: and stands at 3,8 million [41].
RLM tarbijatele tarnitud kogumahust tarnis 2014. aastal umbes 66 % muu tarnija, mitte kohalik põhitarnija ning umbes 34 % erilepinguga põhitarnija.
The share of default supply residential customers in 2014 was 32,8 %, which means that 67,2 % of residential customers have switched their electricity supply contract at least once and are therefore on a special contract [42].
Vähemal kui 1 % RLM tarbijatest on põhitarnijaga leping, seega põhivarustamine mängib väga piiratud rolli.
Increasingly effective competition is also demonstrated by the declining importance of default suppliers as contracting parties.
Saksamaa elektrienergia hulgiturge iseloomustas 2014. aastal kõrge likviidsus.
They remain however dominant for residential customers: in 2014, 43 % had a special contract with the local default supplier.
Kõrvuti kahepoolse börsivälise hulgimüügiga on oluline roll ka elektribörsidel.
32,8 % of residential customers had a classic default supply contract (2012: 36,7 %).
Need loovad usaldusväärse kauplemisfoorumi ja samal ajal annavad muudes elektrienergia sektorites turuosalistele tähtsaid hinnasignaale.
24 % of all customers were supplied by an undertaking other than the default supplier (2012: 20,1 %) [43].
2014. aastal tõusis hetke- ja futuuriturgude likviidsus.
The situation is different for commercial and industrial customers with special contracts.
EEX-i elektrienergia futuurlepingute maht tõusis 21 % ehk 669 TWh-lt 812 TWh-le.
Of the total volume supplied to RLM customers, in 2014 approximately 66 % was accounted for by supplier contracts with a supplier other than the local default supplier and approximately 34 % by special contacts with the default supplier.
Seevastu vahetusplatvormide kaudu langes futuuride kauplemise maht 17 %.
Less than 1 % of RLM customers have a default supply contract, so default supply plays a very limited role.
2014. aastal vahendasid vahendusplatvormid elektrienergia futuurlepinguid umbes 4500 TWh [46].
In 2014, the electricity wholesale markets in Germany are characterised by high liquidity.
Hulgituru kõrge likviidsus kergendab uutel jaeturu osalejatel konkureerimist näiteks ammuste turuosalistega, kellel on oma tootmisvõimsus.
Alongside bilateral, over-the-counter wholesale trade, power exchanges play a key role.
Keskmine igapäevane hinnavahe oli võrreldes eelmiste aastatega vähenenud.
They create a reliable trading forum and at the same time provide important price signals for market participants in other electricity sectors.
Keskmine iga-aastane Phelix Peak Year Future hind oli 44,40 EUR MWh kohta ehk pool 2008. aasta näitajast.
The volume of day-ahead trading on EPEX SPOT [44] and EXAA [45] increased from 254 TWh in 2013 to 269 TWh in 2014.
See tuleneb suuresti sellest, et elektrienergia hinda mõjutavad maksud, sotsiaalmaksed ja lõivud.
The volume of intraday trading on EPEX SPOT grew by 30 %.
Makse mitte sisaldav hind on EL-i keskmine.
The volume of electricity futures contracts trading on EEX rose by 21 % from 669 TWh to 812 TWh.
Tööstustarbijate jaoks on makse sisaldav hind EL-i 28 riigi keskmisest kõrgem, ent makse välja jättes allapoole keskmist [48].
By contrast, there was a fall of 17 % in the volume of futures trading via broker platforms.
BNetzA ja BKartA jaemüügi gaasisektori analüüsid näitasid, et 2014. aastal müüdi RLM tarbijatele (sealhulgas gaasiküttel töötavatele elektrijaamadele) umbes 391 TWh gaasi.
The high liquidity of the wholesale market makes it easier for entrants on the retail market to compete for instance with established players who have their own generation capacity.
Seega nende ettevõtete liidetud turuosa oli umbes 32 % RLM tarbijatest [49].
Average prices on the spot markets showed a year on year decrease of around 13 %.
Sellest moodustasid erilepingud 261 TWh ja põhivarustamise lepingud 60 TWh.
The average daily price dispersion was smaller in a year on year comparison.
SLP tarbijatele müügi osas oli kolme tugevaima ettevõtte kumulatiivne müük umbes 71 TWh, millest umbes 6 TWh oli erilepinguga.
Prices for electricity futures also fell in 2014.
Seega oli nende kolme tugevaima ettevõtte liidetud müügi turuosa SLP erilepinguga tarbijate puhul umbes 19 % ja SLP tarbijate puhul 22 % [50].
At EUR 35,09 per MWh, the average annual Phelix Base Year Future price fell just over 10 % from the previous year.
Gaasisektori lõpptarbijate turul on väga erinevaid pakkujaid.
The average annual Phelix Peak Year Future price was EUR 44,40 per MWh, half of the 2008 figure.
Ligi 74 % võrguosas asuvale tarbijale on saadaval rohkem kui 50 gaasitarnijat [51].
As far as electricity prices are concerned, Germany has one of the highest prices in the EU for residential customers [47].
Kui arvestada ainult kodutarbijaid (SLP tarbijaid), siis neid varustab peaaegu 60 % võrgualal 50 või rohkem gaasitarnijat [52].
This is largely due to the fact that the electricity price is influenced by taxes, social security contributions and levies.
Tarnijate mitmekesisus on viimastel aastatel kasvanud.
The price before taxes is in the EU average.
RLM tarbijate (tööstuse ja äri tarbijate) tarnija vahetamise määr oli 2014. aastal alla 12 % ja on viimastel aastatel olnud stabiilne [53].
For industrial customers, the price level including taxes is higher than the EU-28 average, but below average if taxes are excluded [48].
SLP tarbijate (kodutarbijate) tarnija vahetamiste koguarv jäi võrreldes eelmise aastaga stabiilseks.
The analysis carried out by the BNetzA and the BKartA in the retail supply gas sector showed that, in 2014, approximately 391 TWh of gas were sold to RLM customers (including sales to gas-fired power stations).
SLP erilepinguga tarbijad on määratluse järgi juba vahetanud tarnijat vähemalt ühe korra, et loobuda põhivarustamisest [54].
The cumulative sales of the three strongest undertakings amounted to 123 TWh.
Koduklientidest 19 % varustas 2014. aastal muu gaasitarnija, mitte põhitarnija.
The aggregated market share of these undertakings was, therefore, approximately 32 % of RLM customers [49].
Pisut vähem kui 57 % kodutarbijatest varustas nende põhigaasitarnija vastavalt erilepingule.
The analysis carried out in the retail supply gas sector showed that in 2014 approximately 321 TWh gas were sold to SLP customers.
24 % koduklientide gaasi mahust müüdi põhitarnelepingu alusel [55].
Of this, special contracts accounted for 261 TWh and default supply contracts accounted for 60 TWh.
Ent põhitarnijatel on erilepinguga RLM tarbijate (tööstuslike ja äriliste tarbijate) seas väike roll.
The cumulative sales of the three strongest undertakings in terms of sales for SLP customers amounted to approximately 71 TWh, approximately 6 TWh of which was accounted for by special contracts.
RLM tarbijatele tarnitud kogumahust tarnis 2014. aastal 67 % muu tarnija, mitte kohalik põhitarnija ning ainult umbes 33 % erilepinguga põhitarnija.
This results in an aggregated market share of the three strongest undertakings in terms of sales of approximately 19 % for SLP special contract customers and 22 % for SLP customers [50].
Vähem kui 1 % RLM tarbijal on põhitarneleping [56].
There is strong supplier diversity in the end-customer market in the gas sector.
2014. aastal suurenes Saksamaal maagaasi hulgiturgude likviidsus veelgi.
More than 50 gas suppliers are available to consumers in almost 74 % of networks [51].
Siiani suurima maagaasi hulgikauplemise osa puhul tehakse tehinguid kahepoolselt ehk ilma vahendajata („börsiväliselt“).
Taking only residential customers (SLP customers) into account, they are supplied by 50 or more gas suppliers in almost 60 % of network areas [52].
Kahepoolse kauplemise eeliseks on paindlikkus ehk pole vaja kasutada piiratud hulka lepinguid.
Supplier diversity has been on the increase in the past years.
Vahendajal on vahendamisplatvormide kaudu börsivälisel vahendamisel märkimisväärne roll.
The supplier switching rate among RLM customers (industrial and commercial customers) in 2014 was just under 12 % and has been stable in recent years [53].
Kahepoolne hulgikaubandus kasvas oluliselt.
Among SLP customers (residential customers), the total number of supplier switches remained stable in comparison with the preceding year.
2014. aastal moodustasid kauplemisplatvormidel toimunud maagaasitehingud, mille puhul tarnepiirkonnaks oli Saksamaa, kokku 3000 TWh.
SLP special contract customers have, by definition, already switched supplier at least once to get out of basic supply [54].
See vastab 15 % tõusule.