natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The traffic forecasts expected from the 2003 easyJet agreement were calculated on the basis of the number of aircraft to be based by easyJet at Schönefeld over time, as set out in the agreement, and a load factor of […] %, which appears plausible in view of the usual load factors achieved by LCCs.
NPV lepingu kestuse ajal
The business plan took into account all relevant categories of incremental cost and incremental revenue forecasts, including aeronautical and non-aeronautical categories of revenues and the costs of the financial incentives offered to easyJet.
(eurodes)
These forecasts took into account, in particular, the additional traffic and flight movements expected from the agreement and the terms of the agreement.
26. oktoober 2003 – 31. märts 2007
To stress test this strategic decision, FBS eventually commissioned auditing firm […] (‘the second expert’) to assess whether a prudent market economy operator, guided by profitability prospects, would have signed that contract in 2003.
Nagu sellest tabelist näha, on kõik NPVd positiivsed.
That assessment (‘the second expert study’) also covered agreements signed with other airlines and was finalised in 2007.
Seepärast oleks turumajanduse tingimustes tegutseval ja kasumlikkuse väljavaadetest juhinduval arukal investoril olnud mõistlik nõustuda lepingute sõlmimise kuupäeval kõnealuste lepingute tingimustega.
The second expert based its analysis of the 2003 easyJet agreement on FBS’ forecasts already mentioned in recital 158.
V-Birdiga sõlmitud lepingu [71] jaoks NVPd ei arvutatud.
The second expert verified in detail the soundness of FBS’ cost and revenue forecasts and made a few adjustments to these assumptions when it considered that FBS’ assumptions had not been adequate, on the basis of the information available when the agreement was concluded.
Teine ekspert juhtis tähelepanu asjaolule, et selle lepingu kohta ei olnud olemas eelnevat äriplaani.
For example, the second expert made an adjustment in the business plan to incorporate an investment cost of EUR […] million in order to create additional gates for easyJet at Terminal B. Moreover, it made adjustments to reflect the fact that FBS’s forecasts were based on a version of the draft agreement with easyJet, which exhibited some differences with the signed agreement.
Teisalt on selle lepingu tingimused väga sarnased Volarega sõlmitud lepingu tingimustega.
The second expert thus made adjustments in the business plan in order to align it in full with the terms of the signed agreement.
Lepingud allkirjastati peaaegu samal ajal ja sarnasteks ajavahemikeks (vastavalt kolm ja pool ning neli aastat).
Besides, the second expert calculated the net present value (NPV) of the easyJet 2003 agreement for the period 2004-2007 at 30 December 2003 value, on the basis of FBS’s forecasts, adjusted as explained above.
Neis nähti ette lennujaamatasude kehtestamisel 2003. aasta tasumäärade kohaldamine ning Volarele ja V-Birdile ühesuguse ergutava toetuse ([…] miljonit eurot) maksmine.
The NPV of a time series of expected cash flows, both incoming and outgoing, is defined as the discounted sum of the individual expected cash flows over the relevant period.
Mõlema lepingu tegevusnõuetes nähti ette väga sarnane arv lende ja sama lennukitüübi kasutamine.
The NPV is a standard tool used by undertakings to assess the profitability of a project.
Peale selle oli nende lepingute sõlmimisel põhjust eeldada, et mõlemal lennuettevõtjal on samasugune täituvus.
The second expert calculated the aggregated NPV of the 2003 easyJet agreement at the end of each year until the expiry of the agreement.
Liiklus, mille lisandumist mõlema lepinguga seoses eeldati, oli seega võrreldav.
To that end, the second expert calculated the discount rate to be applied for the discounting of cash flows, on the basis of a classical capital asset pricing method [70], so that the discount rate truly reflects FBS’ costs of capital in 2003.
Samuti võis mõlema lepingu puhul eeldada, et FBSile kaasnevad nendega sarnased täiendavad tegevuskulud.
The resulting NPVs are displayed in the following table:
Nende kahe lepingu sarnasuste põhjal oli mõistlik järeldada, et V-Birdi leping vastas turumajanduse tingimustes tegutseva investori kriteeriumile.
Table 10
Eespool öeldut arvesse võttes ei kaasne ühegi tabelis 6 loetletud lepinguga riigiabi.
NPV of the cash flows expected from the 2003 easyJet agreement
EasyJeti 2004. aasta rendilepingu (4. meede) hindamine
Aggregated NPV at year’s end (at 30 December 2003 value):
Nagu on märgitud põhjenduses 55, rentis easyJet aastatel 2004–2007 ligikaudu […] m2 büroopinda ja registreerimislaudu ehk 24 % kogu B-terminali põrandapinnast.
NPV
B-terminali avalikud ruumid (koridorid, saalid, kohvikud) olid ligipääsetavad peale easyJeti reisijate ka teiste lennuettevõtjate reisijatele, kuna B-terminal ja A-terminal olid omavahel füüsiliselt ühendatud.
These NPVs are all positive and confirm that it was rational to conclude the 2003 easyJet agreement.
Lennule registreerimise alade eraldamine konkreetsetele lennuettevõtjatele ning nendele ettevõtjatele vahetult külgnevatel aladel tootemargi kujundamise ja reklaamimise õiguste andmine on Euroopa ja rahvusvahelistes lennujaamades üldine äritava ja sellised korraldused on laialt levinud.
The second expert noted in its report that the impact of the agreement as originally signed, that is for a period of 10 years with an option to extend it for a further 10 years, on the BER airport had not been taken into consideration by FBS in 2003, when the opportunity to sign the agreement was assessed.
Kui lennuettevõtja või lennuettevõtjate ühendus veab suurt arvu reisijaid ühest konkreetsest lennujaamast või ühte konkreetsesse lennujaama, on lennujaama käitamise (ja seega äri) seisukohast mõistlik koondada tema tegevus ühte terminali.
As noted by the second expert, the 2003 easyJet agreement in its initial terms was set to be still applicable for several years after the opening of BER, scheduled for 2011.
See optimeerib nii lennujaama kui ka lennuettevõtja tegevust.
Moreover, that agreement foresaw conditions which were apparently more favourable than those envisaged in the general charges planned for BER as of its opening.
Seepärast ei pruugi lennujaama käitaja anda lennuettevõtjale majanduslikku eelist, kui ta annab talle terminali kõikide registreerimislaudade ja kogu büroopinna ainukasutusõiguse.
According to the second expert, there could therefore be a risk that the existence of the 2003 easyJet agreement would result in other carriers exerting significant pressure on FBS in order to reduce the difference between the general charges prevailing at BER and those agreed with easyJet.
Majanduslik eelis võidakse anda vaid siis, kui lennujaama käitaja annab lennuettevõtja ainukasutusse alad, mis ületavad lennuettevõtja vajadusi (takistades seeläbi teistel lennuettevõtjatel kasutada rakendamata läbilaskevõimet), või kui lennuettevõtjalt küsitakse ebatavaliselt väikest renti.
However, in 2003 this was a very remote risk which could not be foreseen with any degree of likelihood let alone be quantified, notably in the light of the fast changing market developments of the LCC business.
Nagu allpool näidatud, ei ole easyJeti 2004. aasta rendilepingu puhul täidetud ükski nendest tingimustest.
As a matter of fact this risk never became concrete.
Alates ajast, mil easyJet alustas lende Schönefeldist, on ta olnud ülekaalukalt valitsev lennuettevõtja.
Indeed, the 2007 easyJet amending agreement, which was set to expire upon the opening of BER, replaced the 2003 easyJet agreement.
Aastatel 2004–2007 vedas easyJet […]–[…] % kõikidest Schönefeldi reisijatest.
Therefore, the second expert Study confirms that a prudent market economy operator would have concluded the 2003 easyJet agreement.
Juba 2003. aastal prognoositi, et easyJetist saab liikluse poolest ülekaalukalt suurim lennuettevõtja.
To conclude, the 2003 easyJet agreement does not involve State aid.
Tänu easyJeti lepingulisele kohustusele teha Schönefeldist kindlaksmääratud arvule lennukitele kodulennujaam oli FBSil võimalik eeldada suurt reisijate arvu alates hetkest, mil easyJet alustas oma tegevust.
Assessment of the agreements with other airlines (measure 3)
Rahvusvahelise Tsiviillennunduse Organisatsiooni sõnul oli B-terminali läbilaskevõime 600000 reisijat aastas, mis on märksa väiksem kui nende reisijate arv ([…] miljonit) [72], kelle vedamist Schönefeldist ja Schönefeldi easyJetilt alates 2004. aastast oodati.
FBS’ decisions to conclude the agreements with Ryanair, Germanwings, Volare, Icelandair, Norwegian Air Shuttle and Aer Lingus were also based on ex ante forecasts of incremental traffic, costs and revenues, which revealed that it would be profitable to conclude these agreements.
Seepärast on selge, et FBS ei viinud easyJeti 2004. aasta rendilepingu abil ellu mingit liigse läbilaskevõime eraldamise strateegiat, et takistada teisi lennuettevõtjaid pakkumast easyJetile Schönefeldis konkurentsi.
For each of these agreements, the traffic forecasts expected were calculated on the basis of the number of flight movements expected from the carrier’s planned operations and reasonable assumptions about their load factors.
2006. aastal teenindati B-terminalis ilma suurte tehniliste kohandusteta […] miljonit reisijat, mida on teoreetilisest läbilaskevõimest kaks korda enam.
These forecasts took into account all relevant categories of incremental cost and incremental revenue forecasts, including aeronautical and non-aeronautical categories of revenues and the costs of the financial incentives offered to the carriers by FBS.
Suutlikkus teenindada nii palju reisijaid tulenes eeskätt sellest, et terminal oli üheainsa lennuettevõtja käsutuses, mis võimaldas reisijatevoogu optimeerida.
As in the case of the 2003 easyJet agreement, FBS’s ex ante forecasts were stress tested by the second expert which concluded that signing contracts with those airlines would still lead to incremental revenues exceeding incremental costs for each year of each contract over the period of application of the agreements (despite some more conservative conclusions).
Renditasudest rääkides ei ole lennujaamade läbilaskevõime, turutingimuste ja sisseseade kvaliteedi erinevuste tõttu mõtet eri lennujaamades küsitud renditasusid võrrelda.
To reach that conclusion, the second expert carried out an analysis for each contract on the basis of those adjusted forecasts, which fully comply with the methodology described in sections 7.4.4 and 7.5.
EasyJeti tasutud rent oli tegelikult kooskõlas FBSi renditasude astmestikuga, lennuettevõtjale ei tehtud mingit allahindlust.
The second expert exclusively based its review and adjustments on data and forecasts available to FBS when the opportunity to conclude the agreement was assessed.
B-terminalis maksis easyJet letipinna eest […] eurot ruutmeetri kohta ja büroopinna eest […] eurot ruutmeetri kohta.
The ex ante NPVs calculated by the second expert for eight of the nine agreements concerned at the time when those agreements were concluded, over the period during which they were set to apply, is presented in Table 11 below:
Sarnastes tasudes lepiti sarnaste võimaluste kasutamise eest teistes terminalides kokku ka teiste lennuettevõtjatega.
Table 11
Näiteks Germanwings maksis A-terminalis letipinna eest […] eurot ruutmeetri kohta.
NPVs of the agreements between FBS and various LCCs
Aeroflotilt küsiti A-terminalis asuva kontori eest […] eurot ruutmeetri kohta.
Period during which the agreement was set to apply
Enne easyJeti rentis B-terminalis büroopinda Condor, kes maksis samasuguse pinna eest B-terminalis väiksemat renti.
NPV over the duration of the agreement
Kui easyJet maksis […] eurot büroopinna ruutmeetri kohta, siis Condorilt küsiti ruutmeetri eest vaid […] eurot.
(EUR)
Selline võrdlus on asjakohane, et hinnata majandusliku eelise olemasolu easyJeti 2004. aasta rendilepingu raames.
26 October 2003-31 March 2007
Erinevalt lepingust, mis hõlmab kogu lennuettevõtja tegevust lennujaamas ja tema põhilisi finantssuhteid lennujaama käitajaga, [73] on registreerimislaudu ja büroopindu käsitlev rendileping seotud juurdepääsu võimaldamisega ruumidele, mida võib üldjuhul pidada võrdlemisi standardseteks, vähemalt konkreetse lennujaama piires.
As shown by this table, all these NPVs are positive.
Pealegi moodustab sellistes lepingutes kehtestatud rent võrreldes lennujaamatasude, turustamistoetuste ja muude rahaliste stiimulitega tühise summa.
Therefore, it would have been rational for a prudent market economy operator guided by profitability prospects to accept the terms of these agreements at the date at which they were signed.
Seepärast ei ole lennujaama käitajal erilist stiimulit kehtestada spetsiaalselt kohandatud rent või meelitada lennuettevõtjatega läbirääkimisi pidades neilt välja võimalikult suured rendisummad.
For the agreement with V-Bird [71], no NPV was calculated.
Lennujaama käitaja ärihuvides on pigem koondada konkreetse lennuettevõtja tegevus ühte kohta, et tagada oma klientide hüvanguks selle tõhusus, eriti kui käitaja püüab lennuettevõtjaid ligi meelitada ja panna neid suurendama oma liiklust, nagu tegi FBS.
The second expert pointed out that no ex ante business plan was available for this agreement.
Seepärast ei pruugi vastupidiselt kolmandate isikute väidetele olla mõistlik eraldada lennuettevõtjatele rendipindu pakkumismenetluste alusel.
However, the terms of this agreement are very similar to those of the agreement with Volare.
Selline tava tundub olevat kõikjal Euroopa lennujaamades tegelikult väga harv.
The operations involved in both agreements were to generate a very close number of flight movements and the same type of aircraft.
See paigaldati Saksa föderaalpolitsei nõudmisel.
Moreover, at the time of the conclusion of these agreements, it was reasonable to assume that both companies would have a similar load factor.
Vastasel juhul oleks B-terminalilt tegevusluba ära võetud.
The incremental traffic to be expected from both agreements was thus similar.
B-terminali pagasi käitlemise seadme tehniliste omadustega ei anta easyJetile tegutsemisel eelist, muutes näiteks pagasi peale- või mahalaadimise kiiremaks või sujuvamaks.
Finally, both agreements could be expected to lead to similar incremental operating costs for FBS.
Pigem tagavad need pagasi läbivalgustamiseks tervikmeetodi, mis aga ei mõjuta mingil moel lennuettevõtja lennule registreerimise toiminguid.
On the basis of the similarities between these two agreements, it was reasonable to conclude, that the V-Bird agreement complies with the market economy operator test.
Tegelikult valmistab terviklik turvasüsteem easyJetile hoopiski tegevusraskusi.
In any event, V-Bird suspended operations on 8 October 2004 and filed for and was subsequently declared bankrupt on 18 October 2004.
Kui reisija pagasi puhul tuvastatakse probleem, mis nõuab käsitsi kontrollimist, tuleb reisija B-terminali turvaalasse tagasi kutsuda.
V-Bird was liquidated in early January 2005.
Ent selleks ajaks on reisija juba lähtevärava ootesaalis, teda tuleb teavitada ja ta tuleb tagasi tuua.
There is therefore no undertaking existing any more which would have benefited, either directly or indirectly, from any potential State aid involved in the V-Bird agreement.
See on tülikas protseduur, mille tõttu peaksid reisijad registreerima end Schönefeldi B-terminalis lennule vähemalt 30 minutit enne lennu väljumist.
In view of the foregoing, none of the agreements listed in Table 6 involve State aid.
EasyJet on kehtestanud praegu selleks ajaliseks piiriks 40 minutit, sest muidu pole kindel, et protsess suudetakse õigeks ajaks lõpule viia.
Assessment of the 2004 easyJet tenancy agreement (measure 4)
A-terminalis seevastu selliseid kitsendusi ei ole.
Certain interested parties have taken the view that the 2004 easyJet tenancy agreement provided easyJet with the exclusive use of Schönefeld’s Terminal B and prevented other airlines from having access to it.
Tavapärane on nõue registreerida end lennule hiljemalt 20 minutit enne lennu väljumist ja sellega ei kaasne mingeid tehnilisi probleeme.
As indicated in recital 55, from 2004 to 2007, easyJet rented approximately […] m2 of office space and check-in desks, that is 24 % of the total floor area of Terminal B. The public areas of Terminal B (corridors, halls, coffee shop) are accessible to passengers of airlines other than easyJet, given the physical connection between Terminal B and Terminal A.
Teine raskus on seotud asjaoluga, et B-terminali ja A-terminali pagasi käitlemise seadmed erinevad oma tehniliste rikete sageduse poolest.
Allocating check-in areas to specific airlines and granting branding and advertising rights to these airlines in the immediate surrounding areas are normal business practice at European and international airports and such arrangements are widespread.
Oma keerulisema tervikliku turvatehnoloogia tõttu töötas B-terminali pagasi käitlemise seade 2004. aasta maist kuni detsembrini […] % lennujaama töötundidest, samal ajal kui A-terminali seade oli töös […] % sellest ajast.
Especially where an airline or an alliance of airlines carries a substantial number of passengers from or to a given airport, it is rational from an operational (and thus from a business) point of view that its activities are concentrated in a single terminal.
Kõike eespool öeldut arvesse võttes on jõutud järeldusele, et ühegi easyJeti 2004. aasta rendilepingu sättega ei antud easyJetile majanduslikku eelist.
This optimises the operational processes of both the airport and the airline.
Seepärast ei kaasne selle lepinguga riigiabi,
Therefore, an airport manager does not necessarily confer an economic advantage on an airline by providing it with the exclusive use of all the check-in desks and office spaces at a Terminal.
ON VASTU VÕTNUD KÄESOLEVA OTSUSE:
This might possibly be the case only when the airport manager grants exclusive use of areas in excess of what the carrier needs (thereby preventing other airlines from using physically available capacity) or when an abnormally low rent is charged.
Artikkel 1
As shown below, the 2004 easyJet tenancy agreement fulfils none of those conditions.
Järgmised meetmed, mida Saksamaa on rakendanud punktides a–l nimetatud ettevõtjate suhtes, ei kujuta endast riigiabi Euroopa Liidu toimimise lepingu artikli 107 lõike 1 tähenduses:
Ever since it began flight operations at Schönefeld, easyJet has been by far the dominant airline.
kontrolli üleandmise ning kasumi ülekandmise leping, mille sõlmisid 6. augustil 1992 Berlin Brandenburg Flughafen Holding GmbH ja Berliner Flughafen-Gesellschaft mbH;
Between 2004 to 2007 easyJet carried between […] % and […] % of all Schönefeld’s passengers.
leping, mille sõlmisid 19. detsembril 2003 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja easyJet Airline Company Ltd;
It was anticipated already in 2003 that easyJet would be by far the largest carrier in terms of traffic.
leping, mille sõlmisid 31. märtsil 2003 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Ryanair Limited;
Indeed, because of easyJet’s contractual obligation to base a defined number of aircraft at Schönefeld, FBS was able to assume correspondingly large passenger numbers from the moment when easyJet began operations.
leping, mille sõlmisid 28. aprillil 2004 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Ryanair Limited;
According to the International Civil Aviation Organisation, the capacity of Terminal B was 600000 passengers per year, which is significantly lower than the number of passengers that easyJet was expected to carry from and to Schönefeld as of 2004 ([…] million [72]).
leping, mille sõlmisid 14. oktoobril 2003 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Germanwings GmbH;
It is therefore clear that through the 2004 easyJet tenancy agreement, FBS was not engaging into any kind of ‘capacity hoarding’ strategy designed to prevent other airlines from competing against easyJet at Schönefeld.
leping, mille sõlmisid 23. detsembril 2004 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Germanwings GmbH;
In 2006, […] million passengers were handled at Terminal B, that is, more than twice as much as the theoretical capacity, without any major technical modifications.
leping, mille sõlmisid 22. oktoobril 2003 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Volare Airlines S.p.A.;
The possibility to handle so many passengers arose in particular from the use of the terminal facility by one single carrier, which allowed for the optimisation of the passenger flows.
leping, mille sõlmisid 3. novembril 2003 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja V-Bird Airlines B.V.;
Regarding the rental charge, it is meaningless to compare rental prices at different airports because of the differences in their capacity, market conditions, and the quality of the facilities.
leping, mille sõlmisid 6. juunil 2004 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Icelandair Reykjavik Airport;
The rental prices paid by easyJet were in fact in line with FBS’s rental charge grid, with no discount granted.
leping, mille sõlmisid 17. mail 2004 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Norwegian Air Shuttle AS;
At terminal B easyJet pays EUR […] per m2 for counter space and EUR […] per m2 for offices.
leping, mille sõlmisid 13. mail 2004 Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja Aer Lingus Limited;
Similar charges were agreed for similar facilities with other airlines at other terminals.
rendileping, mille sõlmisid 2004. aasta märtsis Flughafen Berlin-Schönefeld GmbH ja easyJet Airline Company Ltd. teatavate pindade ja seadmete kasutamiseks Schönefeldi lennujaama B-terminalis.
Germanwings, for instance, also paid EUR […] per m2 for counter space at Terminal A. Aeroflot was charged EUR […] per m2 for an office at Terminal A. At Terminal B, Condor rented offices before easyJet and paid a lower rent for the same kind of premises in Terminal B. Whereas easyJet paid EUR […] per m2 for office space, Condor was charged EUR […] per m2 only.
Artikkel 2
This type of comparison is appropriate to assess the existence of an economic advantage within the 2004 easyJet tenancy agreement.
Käesolev otsus on adresseeritud Saksamaa Liitvabariigile.
Indeed, unlike an agreement governing the whole operations of an airline at an airport and its main financial relationships with the airport [73], a tenancy agreement for check-in desks and office spaces relates to the provision of access to relatively standard facilities, at least within one given airport.
Brüssel, 20. veebruar 2014
Moreover, rents involved in such contracts account for minor amounts compared to airport charges, marketing grants and other financial incentives.
Komisjoni nimel
The commercial interest of the airport manager rather lies in the concentration of the operations of a given airline in one location to ensure operational efficiency to the benefit of its customer, especially when, as in the case of FBS, it tries to attract airlines and entice them to increase their traffic.
Alates 1. detsembrist 2009 on EÜ asutamislepingu artiklitest 87 ja 88 saanud vastavalt Euroopa Liidu toimimise lepingu artiklid 107 ja 108.
Therefore, contrary to what third parties have argued, it would not necessarily make sense to allocate areas to airlines on the basis of calls for tender.
Mõlemal juhul on artiklid sisuliselt identsed.
Such practice actually appears to be very unusual across European airports.
Käesolevas otsuses kasutatakse läbivalt Euroopa Liidu toimimise lepingu terminoloogiat.
The conduct expected from a rational airport operator guided by profitability prospects consists in finding appropriate areas for each main airline operating at the airport, in terms of capacity and other characteristics, and charge a reasonable rent in line with usual practices within the airport.
ELT C 257, 30.10.2007, lk 16.
For these reasons, the level of a rent does not confer an economic advantage if it is broadly in line with the rents charged to other airlines within the airport.
Nõukogu määrus (EÜ) nr 659/1999, 22. märts 1999, millega kehtestatakse üksikasjalikud eeskirjad Euroopa Liidu toimimise lepingu artikli 108 kohaldamiseks (EÜT L 83, 27.3.1999, lk 1).
This is the case for the 2004 easyJet tenancy agreement.
Vt joonealune märkus 2.