natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The proposed tax exemptions for netting the concerned reserves with old losses benefit the company, and must therefore be regarded as State aid.
Et kõnealuste reservide ja varasema kahjumi tasaarveldamine toob äriühingule kasu, tuleb seda lugeda riigiabiks.
Regulation (EC) No 1540/98 did not provide for such aid, and the Commission therefore concludes that this provision is not compatible with the common market.
Et määrus (EÜ) nr 1540/98 ei näe sellist abi ette, leiab komisjon, et see ei sobi kokku ühisturuga.
More particularly:
Täpsemalt:
Tax-free reserves
Maksuvabad reservid
The Greek authorities consider that the exemption from tax of one part of the tax free reserves of Hellenic Shipyards (approximately EUR 43 million) cannot be deemed to create a profit equal to 10 % of the amounts written off for the company.
Kreeka ametiasutused leiavad, et äriühingu Hellenic Shipyards maksuvabade reservide ühe osa (ligikaudu 43 miljonit eurot) maksuvabastust ei saa käsitleda kui 10 % tulu saamist mahakantud summadest.
The reason is that Act 2367/95 on partial privatisation and reform of companies, on which a previous Commission Decision [14] on debt write-off from 1997 was based, provided for the writing off of 99 % of all existing debt of the company.
Põhjuseks on asjaolu, et äriühingute osalist erastamist ja ümberkorraldamist käsitlev akt 2367/95, mille komisjoni 1997. aasta otsus [14] võlgade mahakandmisest põhines, näeb ette äriühingu võlgade mahakandmist 99 % ulatuses.
The provision applied whether the debts were mentioned in the books or not, and also for debts which would be created up to 31 January 1996.
Sätet kohaldati olenemata sellest, kas võlg raamatupidamises kajastus või mitte ning võlgade suhtes, mis olid tekkinud kuni 31. jaanuarini 1996.
The Greek authorities claim that if Hellenic Shipyards had offset by 31 January 1996 the losses of past years with the tax exempt reserves, the resulting 10 % tax on the concerned EUR 43 million would generate a tax liability which would have been written off to 99 % on the basis of Act 2367/95.
Kreeka ametiasutused väidavad, et juhul kui Hellenic Shipyards oleks 31. jaanuariks 1996 kandnud viimaste aastate kahjumi maksuvabade reservide arvel maha, oleks sellest tulenev 10 % maks asjaomasele 43 miljoni euro suurusele summale toonud kaasa maksukohustuse, mille oleks saanud akti 2367/95 alusel 99 % ulatuses maha kanda.
They further claim that the company could even now put forward the regularisation documents based on this provision.
Nad väidavad samuti, et äriühing saab täpsustavad dokumendid esitada veel praegugi.
Consequently, the only advantage the company now obtains by offsetting 100 % of the tax exempt reserves with the losses of previous years is EUR 43000 (1 % of 10 % of EUR 43 million).
Järelikult on ainuke soodustus, mida äriühing praegu saab, tasaarveldades 100 % maksuvabasid reserve eelmiste aastate kahjumitega, 43000 eurot (1 % 10 %st 43 miljonist eurost).
In the opening of the formal investigation procedure, the Commission noted two problems with this argument.
Ametlikku uurimismenetlust algatades tõi komisjon nende väidetega seoses esile kaks probleemi.
First, the relevant Commission decision of 1997 states the exact amount of the debt write-off authorised for Hellenic Shipyards.
Esiteks määratleb komisjoni 1997. aasta otsus täpse võlasumma, mis Hellenic Shipyards võib maha kanda.
The Commission could not authorise further debt write-off based on the Commission decision of 1997, since the maximum amount stated in the decision cannot be exceeded.
Komisjon ei saa anda luba võlgade edasiseks mahakandmiseks komisjoni 1997. aasta otsuse alusel, sest otsuses märgitud summat ei tohi ületada.
Moreover, the decision of 1997 does not state that any further debt could be written off later, even if it could be referred to the period before the end of 1996.
Lisaks ei ole 1997. aasta otsuses märgitud, et võlga võib ka edaspidi maha kanda, isegi kui see on seotud perioodiga enne 1996. aasta lõppu.
The Commission therefore, on the basis of the information available to it, concludes that the proposed tax exemptions for netting the concerned reserves with old losses has a value of EUR 4,3 million which benefits the company and therefore constitutes State aid.
Seetõttu teeb komisjon talle kättesaadava teabe põhjal järelduse, et asjaomaste reservide ja varasemate kahjumite kavandatav maksuvabastus 4,3 miljoni euro ulatuses toob äriühingule kasu ning kujutab endast riigiabi.
Regulation (EC) No 1540/98 did not provide for such aid, and the Commission concludes that it cannot be declared compatible with the common market.
Määrus (EÜ) nr 1540/98 ei näe sellist abi ette ning komisjon leiab, et see ei sobi kokku ühisturuga.
For the other half of the ‘tax-free reserves’, of approximately EUR 39 million, the Greek authorities claimed that they have origins in a hotel sale in 1956, and were not taxed, in accordance with laws of that time.
Maksuvabade reservide teise osa kohta, mahus ligikaudu 39 miljonit eurot, väitsid Kreeka ametiasutused, et need pärinevad hotelli müügist aastal 1956, ning seetõttu ei maksustatud seda tolleaegsete seaduste kohaselt.
The tax exemption of EUR 3,9 million related to this amount also appears to be aid, which is not compatible with the common market.
Selle summaga seotud maksuvabastus 3,9 miljoni euro ulatuses tundub olevat samuti riigiabi, mis ei sobi kokku ühisturuga.
The Commission’s formal investigation procedure also referred to another item of EUR 0,2 million which concerns the issue of shares above par value.
Komisjoni ametlikus uurimismenetluses viidatakse ka summale 0,2 miljonit eurot, mis on seotud aktsiatega üle nominaalväärtuse.
The Greek authorities have informed the Commission that these contributions which are also intended for the increase of capital are not normally taxed.
Kreeka ametiasutused teatasid komisjonile, et kõnealused vahendid on samuti mõeldud aktsiakapitali suurendamiseks ning harilikult neid ei maksustata.
For the special reserves of EUR 3,4 million, the Greek authorities claim that these have been taxed in accordance with the tax laws in force at the time of their creation, so that no tax advantage is to be gained when netting them with old losses.
Erireservide kohta, mahus 3,4 miljonit eurot, väidavad Kreeka ametiasutused, et neid on maksustatud nende loomise ajal kehtinud maksuseaduste kohaselt ning nende tasaarveldamisel varasemate kahjumitega ei teki maksusoodustust.
However, the Commission notes that the amount of special reserves is included in the balance sheet under reserves.
Komisjon märgib siiski, et bilansis asuvad erireservid reservide all.
The Commission therefore assumes that the netting of this amount with old losses also should be taxed by 10 % according to normal tax laws.
Seetõttu eeldab komisjon, et selle summa tasaarveldamisel varasemate kahjumitega tuleks see tavapäraste maksuseaduste kohaselt maksustada 10 %ga.
The tax exemption related to the extraordinary reserves, of a value of EUR 340000, is also concluded to be aid, and therefore, on the same grounds as above, the Commission finds that it is incompatible with the common market.
Maksuvabastust mahus 340000 eurot, mis on seotud erakorraliste reservidega, loetakse samuti abiks ning komisjon leiab eelloetletud põhjustel, et see ei sobi kokku ühisturuga.
Amounts intended for the increase in share capital
Aktisakapitali suurendamiseks ette nähtud summad
The ‘amounts intended for the increase in share capital’ of EUR 25,6 million represents, according to the Greek authorities, the amount that the Greek State paid to compensate Hellenic Shipyards for the cost of reducing staff by around 1000 persons between 1996 and 1997.
“Aktsiakapitali suurendamiseks ette nähtud summad” mahus 25,6 miljonit eurot kujutavad Kreeka ametiasutuste väitel summat, mida Kreeka riik maksis Hellenic Shipyardsile kompensatsiooniks personali vähendamise eest ajavahemikus 1996–1997.
According to the Greek authorities, this amount is exempt from tax as it is used for netting the amount of old losses.
Kreeka ametiasutuste kinnitusel on see summa maksuvaba ning seda kasutatakse varasemate kahjumite tasaarveldamiseks.
To the extent that the company should have been taxed by 10 % on the above-referenced amount, the Commission concludes that the aid amount of EUR 2,56 million in the form of a tax exemption for netting the amount involved with old losses, is not compatible with the common market.
Kuivõrd äriühingut oleks tulnud eelnimetatud summa osas maksustada 10 %ga, teeb komisjon järelduse, et abi mahus 2,56 miljonit eurot asjaomase summa varasemate kahjumitega tasaarvestamise maksuvabastuse näol ei sobi kokku ühisturuga.
Use of old losses for tax exemption purposes
Varasemate kahjumite kasutamine maksuvabastuse eesmärgil
The Commission notes that Article 6(4) of the Act authorises the use of old losses for accounting purposes without any limitation in time.
Komisjon märgib, et akti artikli 6 lõike 4 alusel tohib kasutada varasemaid kahjumeid raamatupidamises ilma ajalise piiranguta.
Upon opening the investigation procedure in this case, the Commission requested information on whether this element in itself provides Hellenic Shipyards with an advantage compared to the normal Greek tax laws.
Uurimismenetluse algatamisel kõnealuses küsimuses taotles komisjon teavet, kas see asjaolu annab äriühingule Hellenic Shipyards soodustusi võrreldes Kreeka tavapäraste maksuseadustega.
The Greek authorities have not provided relevant information.
Kreeka ametiasutused ei ole asjakohast teavet esitanud.
However, the fact that Greece has repeatedly stated to the Commission that it commits to abolish Article 6(4) of the Act in its entirety, provides sufficient evidence that this measure should also be considered as State aid, which is incompatible with the common market.
Tõsiasi, et Kreeka on korduvalt komisjonile teatanud, et ta kohustub akti artikli 6 lõike 4 tervikuna tühistama, on piisavaks tõendiks, et ka seda meedet tuleb lugeda riigiabiks, mis ei sobi kokku ühisturuga.
In general, the Commission’s assessment of the contested measures as described in the letter to the Hellenic Republic dated 5 June 2002, has not been affected by the information provided by Greece.
Kreeka poolt esitatud teave ei ole üldiselt mõjutanud komisjoni hinnangut vaidlustatud meetmete suhtes, mida kirjeldati 5. juuni 2002. aasta kirjas Kreeka Vabariigile.
Moreover, Greece appears to have agreed with the Commission’s analysis on the incompatibility of the contested measures with the common market, and for this reason repeatedly [15] committed to repeal the two contested measures by law.
Näib, et Kreeka on nõustunud komisjoni analüüsiga vaidlustatud meetmete kokkusobimatusest ühisturuga, väljendades korduvalt [15] kohustust tunnistada kaks vaidlustatud meedet seadusega kehtetuks.
COMPLAINT ON ALLEGED AID TO HELLENIC SHIPYARDS
KAEBUS VÄIDETAVA ABI KOHTA ÄRIÜHINGULE HELLENIC SHIPYARDS
The Commission has received a formal complaint alleging State aid, which the Greek government may have granted to Hellenic Shipyards.
Komisjonile on esitatud ametlik kaebus väidetava abi kohta, mida Kreeka valitsus on andnud äriühingule Hellenic Shipyards.
The allegations contained in this complaint are currently under investigation.
Praegu uuritakse kaebuses sisalduvaid väiteid.
The Commission notes that the present decision does not prejudge the outcome of this or any other investigation it may have or will undertake with regard to alleged State aid to Hellenic Shipyards.
Komisjon märgib, et käesolev otsus ei piira mistahes muu uurimise tulemust seoses väidetava riigiabiga äriühingule Hellenic Shipyards.
With regard to the complainant’s claims on the calculation of the amounts of aid that could be granted under Article 6(4) of the Act [16], the Commission notes that these became devoid of purpose given that the present Decision orders the abolition of the this provision.
Seoses kaebuse esitaja väidetega akti artikli 6 lõike 4 [16] alusel antava võimaliku abisumma arvutamise osas, märgib komisjon, et need muutusid alusetuks, kuna käesolev otsus nõuab selle sätte tühistamist.
The Greek authorities have implicitly agreed with the Commission’s assessment concluding that the two contested measures constitute State aid, which is incompatible with the Treaty.
Kreeka ametiasutused on kaudselt nõustunud komisjoni hinnanguga, mille kohaselt kaks vaidlustatud meedet kujutavad endast riigiabi, mis on kokkusobimatu asutamislepinguga.
Despite the commitment of the Greek authorities to abolish the two provisions by introducing a relevant amending Act before the Greek Parliament, they have not done so to this date.
Vaatamata Kreeka ametiasutuste võetud kohustusele kaotada kõnealused kaks sätet, esitades asjakohase seadusemuudatuse Kreeka parlamendile, ei ole seda siiani tehtud.
The Commission must therefore close the proceedings which were opened by the letter of 5 June 2002, by adopting a decision which orders the Hellenic Republic to repeal the two measures and recover any aid that may have been granted on their basis.
Seetõttu peab komisjon lõpetama menetlused, mis algatati 5. juuni 2002. aasta kirjaga, võttes vastu otsuse, mis annab Kreeka Vabariigile korralduse tühistada kaks kõnealust meedet ning tagasi nõuda igasugune abi, mida on võidud nende alusel anda.
The Commission wishes to emphasize that these measures should be abolished in substance, so as to eliminate the element of State aid that they entail.
Komisjon soovib rõhutada, et need meetmed tuleb konkreetselt tühistada, et kõrvaldada nendes sisalduv riigiabi element.
More particularly, to the extent that the benefits which could be granted to Hellenic Shipyards under Article 5(2) and Article 6(4) of the Act may also derive from other legal instruments, Greece should ensure that these are equally repealed and that, if aid was granted on their basis, it is recovered from the beneficiaries.
Kui äriühingule Hellenic Shipyards antav abi võis tuleneda ka teistest õigusaktidest, peaks Kreeka tagama ka nende tühistamise ning kui nende alusel on abi antud, siis selle tagasinõudmise.
The Greek authorities have indicated to the Commission that no aid has been granted under the two contested provisions.
Kreeka ametiasutused on teatanud komisjonile, et kahe vaidlustatud sätte alusel ei ole abi antud.
However, the Commission wishes to draw their attention to the fact that should any aid amount have been disbursed under the contested provisions, this should be recovered in full and without further delay.
Komisjon soovib siiski juhtida tähelepanu asjaolule, et kui vaidlusaluste sätete alusel on abi antud, tuleb see täielikult viivitamata tagasi nõuda.
Article 7(7) of Council Regulation (EC) No 659/1999 allows the Commission to take a negative decision once the time limit referred to in Article 7(6) has expired, on the basis of the information available to it.
Määruse (EÜ) nr 659/1999 artikli 7 lõige 7 võimaldab komisjonil teha kättesaadava teabe põhjal negatiivse otsuse, kui artikli 7 lõikes 6 nimetatud tähtaeg on möödunud.
The information provided by the Greek authorities has not altered the Commission’s finding that the contested provisions result to State aid which is incompatible with the common market.
Kreeka ametiasutuste poolt esitatud teave ei ole muutnud komisjoni järeldust, et vaidlusalused sätted tähendavad riigiabi, mis ei ole ühisturuga kooskõlas.
The Commission therefore closes the investigation procedure opened on 5 June 2002, in respect of the measures whereby Hellenic Shipyards is exempted from taxes, in accordance with Article 6(4) of the Act and where the State covers part of the future pension costs for employees linked to civil shipbuilding, in accordance with Article 5(2).
Seetõttu lõpetab komisjon uurimismenetluse, mis algatati 5. juunil 2002 akti artikli 6 lõike 4 alusel võetud meetmete suhtes, millega äriühing Hellenic Shipyards sai maksuvabastust, ning artikli 5 lõike 2 alusel asjaolu suhtes, et riik katab tsiviilkasutusega laevade ehituse töötajate osa tulevastest pensionikuludest.
These measures constitute State aid that is not compatible with Regulation (EC) No 1540/98 and thereby with the common market.
Need meetmed kujutavad endast riigiabi, mis ei ole kooskõlas määrusega (EÜ) nr 1540/98 ja seega ühisturuga,
Article 5(2) and Article 6(4) of Act 2941/2001 constitute State aid to Hellenic Shipyards AE which is incompatible with the common market.
Akti 2941/2002 artikli 5 lõige 2 ja artikli 6 lõige 4 kujutavad endast riigiabi äriühingule Hellenic Shipyards, mis ei ole kooskõlas ühisturuga.
The aid may, accordingly, not be implemented.
Seepärast ei tohi seda abi anda.
In the event that State aid has been disbursed to Hellenic Shipyards AE under the provisions referred to in Article 1 of this Decision, Greece shall take all necessary measures to recover that aid.
Kui äriühingule Hellenic Shipyards on käesoleva otsuse artiklis 1 märgitud sätete alusel antud riigiabi, võtab Kreeka kõik vajalikud meetmed kõnealuse abi tagasi nõudmiseks.
In such a case, recovery shall be effected without delay and in accordance with the procedures under national law, provided these allow the immediate and effective implementation of this Decision.
Sellisel juhul toimub tagasinõudmine viivitamata ja siseriikliku õiguse menetluste kohaselt, kui need võimaldavad käesoleva otsuse viivitamatut ja tõhusat rakendamist.
The sums to be recovered shall bear interest throughout the period running from the date on which they were put at the disposal of the beneficiary until their actual recovery.
Tagasinõutavatelt summadelt võetakse intressi kuupäevast, mil nad anti abisaaja käsutusse, kuni nende tegeliku tagasimaksmiseni.
The interest shall be calculated in conformity with the provisions laid down in Chapter V of Commission Regulation (EC) No 794/2004 [17].Greece shall end the aid measure and cancel all payment of outstanding aid with effect of the date of notification of this Decision.
Intressi arvestatakse vastavalt komisjoni määruse (EÜ) nr 794/2004 [17] V peatükile.Käesoleva otsuse teatavakstegemise kuupäevast lõpetab Kreeka abimeetme ning tühistab kõik tegemata abimaksed.
Greece shall inform the Commission, within two months of notification of this Decision, of the measures taken to comply with it.
Kreeka teatab komisjonile kahe kuu jooksul alates käesoleva otsuse teatavakstegemisest käesoleva otsuse täitmiseks võetud meetmetest.
OJ C 186, 6.8.2002, p. 5.
EÜT L 186, 6.8.2002, lk 5.
OJ L 83, 27.3.1999, p. 1.
EÜT L 83, 27.3.1999, lk 1. Määrust on muudetud 2003. aasta ühinemisaktiga.
OJ C 119, 22.5.2002, p. 22.
EÜT C 119, 22.5.2002, lk 2.
FrameworkOJ C 317, 30.12.2003, p. 11.
Raamistik, ELT C 317, 30.12.2003, lk 11.
In the same letter, the Greek authorities also requested the extension of the deadline for their full response, by three months due to the ‘sensitivity, complexity, and seriousness’ of the matter.
Samas kirjas taotlesid Kreeka ametiasutused ka täieliku vastuse andmise tähtaja pikendamist kolme kuu võrra küsimuse “tundlikkuse, keerukuse ja olulisuse” tõttu.
Article 13(6) of Act 2459/97.
Akti 2459/97 artikli 13 lõige 6.
According to the Greek authorities, this item consists of contributions by shareholders to a capital increase.
Kreeka ametiasutuste kinnitusel sisaldab see artikkel aktsionäride makseid kapitali suurendamiseks.
Contributions towards capital increases are not normally taxed.
Makseid kapitali suurendamiseks tavaliselt ei maksustata.
It is noted that the application of the current Framework would not alter the final outcome of these proceedings, since in the same way as Regulation (EC) No 1540/98, it does not provide for operating aid.
Märgitakse, et praeguse raamistiku kohaldamine ei muuda menetluse lõpptulemust, sest nagu ka määruses (EÜ) nr 1540/98, ei ole selles sätestatud tegevusabi.
Case C 10/94, OJ C 306/5, 8.10.1997.
Menetlus C 10/94, (ex NN 104/93) Kreeka (EÜT C 306, 8.10.1997, lk 5).
As described above in paragraphs 4 to 5.
Nagu on kirjeldatud punktides 4–5.
Act 2941/2001 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) which regulated, inter alia, issues regarding Hellenic Shipyards.
Akt 2941/2001 (edaspidi “akt”), mis reguleeris muuhulgas ka äriühinguga Hellenic Shipyards seotud küsimusi.
The Act was adopted in August 2001 and published in volume A of the Greek Government Gazette on 12 September 2001.
Akt võeti vastu 2001. aasta augustis ning avaldati Kreeka valitsuse ametlikus teatajas 12. septembril 2001.
EUR 171282 For the reserve that was taxed when it was established
171282 eurot
According to the information provided by the Greek authorities, the maximum cost of this measure would be around EUR 7 million but, due to the fact that some workers would not stay until retirement, the estimated cost would be EUR 4 million.
Vastavalt Kreeka ametiasutuste esitatud teabele, on selle meetme maksimaalne kulu ligikaudu 7 miljonit eurot, ent asjaolu tõttu, et osa töölisi ei jää ametisse kuni pensionileminekuni, on hinnangkulu 4 miljonit eurot.
Given that the Greek authorities stated that 75 % of the employees concerned by the measure are involved in military shipbuilding, it was estimated that the total amount of State aid under this measure for civil shipbuilding and ship-repair, would be approximately EUR 1 million (corresponding to 25 % of the employees concerned by the measure).
Võttes arvesse, et Kreeka ametiasutuste kinnitusel on 75 % meetmega seotud töötajatest tegev sõjalaevade ehituses, on riigiabi hinnanguline kogusuurus tsiviilkasutusega laevade ehitamiseks ja remondiks selle meetme raames ligikaudu 1 miljon eurot (mis vastab 25 %le meetmega hõlmatud töötajatest).
In a Memorandum submitted to the Commission, the complainant claims that the total amount of tax saved by Hellenic Shipyards, on the basis of the contested provision, is approximately EUR 34 million.
Komisjonile esitatud märgukirjas väidab kaebuse esitaja, et vaidlustatud sätte alusel Hellenic Shipyardsi poolt kokku hoitud maksusumma on ligikaudu 34 miljonit eurot.
In a recent submission, the complainant also notes that the amount of aid under Article 5(2) of the Act is higher than EUR 1 million while the tax benefits that Hellenic Shipyards could obtain under Article 6(4) of the Act could be calculated as follows: (a) EUR 14,625 million regarding the offset of the capital reserve of EUR 39 million; (b) EUR 4,66 million regarding the capital reserves of EUR 43 million, EUR 0,2 million and EUR 3,4 million (subject to the opinion of a Greek tax expert); and (c) an amount equal to the amount of capital reserves of EUR 85,6 million.
Hiljutises avalduses märgib kaebuse esitaja, et akti artikli 5 lõike 2 alusel antav abi on üle 1 miljoni euro, samal ajal kui maksusoodustused, mida Hellenic Shipyards võib saada akti artikli 6 lõike 4 alusel, võib arvutada järgmiselt: a) 14,625 miljonit eurot kapitalireservi tasakaalustamisel mahus 39 miljonit eurot; b) 4,66 miljonit eurot kapitalireservide puhul mahus 43 miljonit eurot, 0,2 miljonit eurot ja 3,4 miljonit eurot (Kreeka maksueksperdi hinnang); ja c) ning summa, mis võrdub kapitalireservidega mahus 85,6 miljonit eurot.
of 3 March 2005
märts 2005,
initiating the investigation provided for in Article 4(3) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2408/92 on access for Community air carriers to intra-Community air routes
millega käsitletakse 23. juuli 1992. aasta määruse (EMÜ) nr 2408/92 (ühenduse lennuettevõtjate juurdepääsu kohta ühendusesisestele lennuliinidele) artikli 4 lõikes 3 ettenähtud uurimise algatamist
(notified under document number C(2005) 577)
(teatavaks tehtud numbri K(2005) 577 all)
Having regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 2408/92 of 23 July 1992 [1], and in particular Article 4(3) thereof,
võttes arvesse nõukogu määrust (EMÜ) nr 2408/92, [1] eriti selle artikli 4 lõiget 3,
I. The facts
I. Asjaolud
On 10 December 2004, pursuant to Article 4(1)(a) of Regulation (EEC) No 2408/92, the Italian Republic asked the Commission to publish a notice in the Official Journal of the European Union imposing public service obligations (PSO) on 18 routes between the Sardinian airports and the main national airports [2].
Vastavalt määruse (EMÜ) nr 2408/92 artikli 4 lõikele 1 palus Itaalia Vabariik 10. detsembril 2004. aastal komisjoni avaldada Euroopa Liidu Teatajas avaliku teenindamise kohustus Sardiinia lennuväljade ja peamiste Itaalia riiklike lennuväljade vahel. [2]