natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Kommissionens eget arbejde. Den vil nu være et led i alle de vigtigste
It will now form a part of all the major EU training programmes and the Foundation's work should feed EU into the Commission's work in this area.
EU-uddannelsesprogrammer, og Instituttets arbejde bør passe ind i
Good co-ordination with the Commission services and with CEDEFOP continue to be important for Eurocounsel.
Eurocounsel, at der er godt samarbejde med Kommissionens tjenester og
Some investigation will also be undertaken on the potential for the development of a European network in this area to further the exchange of
LANDSRAPPORTERNE OG TVÆRNATIONAL
THE COUNTRY REPORTS AND CROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSIS
CASE-STUDIERNE OG DE TVÆRNATIONALE
ISSUES EMERGING FROM THE CASE STUDIES AND THE TRANSNATIONAL ELEMENTS OF PHASE 2
RESULTATER OG ANBEFALINGER
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM PHASE 2 OF EUROCOUNSEL
FREMTIDSUDSIGTER
PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE
Før-konference debatoplæg om vejledningstilbud og langtidsledighed: at identificere hullerne og fastsætte prioriteter
Appendix 2: Pre-conference Working Paper on Counselling Services and Longterm Unemployment: Identifying the Gaps and Setting Priorities
Arbejdsløshedstal: Sæsonkorrigerede arbejdsløshedstal: maj 1992 og 1993.
Unemployment Rates Seasonally Adjusted: May 1993.
Resultater af vejledning
Outcomes of Counselling
En vejledningsordning for 1990'erne
A counselling system for the 1990s
En omfattende vejledningsmodel
A comprehensive Counselling Model
EUROCOUNSEL er et aktionsforskningsprojekt, hvis formål er at forbedre kvaliteten og effektiviteten af information, råd, rådgivning og vejledning i forbindelse med forebyggelse og løsning af problemerne vedrørende langtidsledighed.
EUROCOUNSEL is an action research programme whose aim is to improve the quality and effectiveness of information, advice, guidance and counselling services in relation to the prevention and solution of longterm unemployment.
Det blev iværksat i maj 1991 af Det Europæiske
It was established in May 1991 by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions based in Dublin.
Eurocounsel, er Danmark, Tyskland, Italien, Irland, Spanien og Det
The countries participating in the action research within the EC in Eurocounsel are Denmark, Germany, Italy, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom.
Desuden deltager et EFTA-land, nemlig Østrig. Dets deltagelse finansieres af den østrigske regering.
In addition one EFTA country, Austria, is involved, its participation paid for by the Austrian government.
EUROCOUNSEL er nu nået afslutningen på arbejdets anden fase, og denne rapport sammenfatter alt, hvad der er sket under Fase II.
EUROCOUNSEL has now reached the end of the second phase of its work and this is the synthesis report of all that has happened during Phase 2.
Det Europæiske Institut til Forbedring af Leve- og Arbejdsvilkårene påtog sig to arbejdsprogrammer vedrørende langtidsledighed i 1980'erne.
The European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions undertook two programmes of work related to longterm unemployment during the 1980s.
Dette arbejde koncentrerede sig om den enkelte arbejdsløse person og den lokale sammenhæng, hvor han eller hun måtte klare de mange komplicerede sociale og økonomiske realiteter ved arbejdsløshed.
This work centred on the unemployed individual and the local context within which he or she has to deal with the many complex social and economic realities of unemployment.
Det fremhævede også nødvendigheden af at inddrage alle de personer, som er implicerede i processerne med strukturelle ændringer og at forbedre koordineringen af de forskellige instanser, som arbejder på forskellige niveauer.
It also stressed the need to involve all those concerned in processes of structural change and to improve co-ordination of the various agencies operating at different levels.
Henimod slutningen af 1980'erne da arbejdsløshedstallene faktisk faldt i mange europæiske lande, blev Instituttet interesseret i, om der var mangel på information, rådgivning og vejledning for de langtidsledige, og om det var grunden til, at mange jobs tilsyneladende ikke blev besat af langtidsledige. Man mente, om rådgivnings- og
Towards the end of the 1980s when unemployment rates were in fact falling in many countries in Europe, the Foundation became concerned as to whether there was a lack of information, advice and counselling for the longterm unemployed and whether this might be influencing the apparent low take up of jobs by the longterm unemployed.
vejledningsordninger kunne hjælpe enkelte personer med at træffe informerede og realistiske beslutninger om uddannelses- og beskæftigelsesmuligheder og gøre det lettere at fordele menneskelige ressourcer.
It was considered that advice and counselling systems could help individuals to reach informed and realistic decisions about training and employment opportunities and facilitate the allocation of human resources.
De kunne også spille en vigtig reintegrerende rolle i forbindelse med at hjælpe de ugunstigt stillede med at konkurrere mere ligeligt om jobs og uddannelse.
They could also perform an important reintegrative role in helping those who are disadvantaged to compete more equally for jobs and training.
Instituttet fandt, at der indtil da ikke var blevet henledt ret megen opmærksomhed på sådanne roller.
The Foundation identified that to date little attention had been focused on such roles.
11989 indgik Instituttet en kontrakt om en gennemførlighedsundersøgelse for at undersøge om vejledning og langtidsledighed var et emneområde, som fortjente yderligere opmærksomhed, og at prøve om metoden med aktionsforskning var hensigtsmæssig.
In 1989 a feasibility study was commissioned by the Foundation to investigate both whether the subject area of counselling and longterm unemployment was one which merited further attention, and to test whether the method of action research was an appropriate one.
Resultaterne af arbejdet i gennemførlighedsundersøgelsen beskrives i to pjecer, den ene omhandler spørgsmål af interesse for politiske beslutningstagere og den anden henvender sig til praktiserende vejledere (ref.
The results of the feasibility work were highlighted in two booklets, one for policy makers and one for practitioners.
3 og 4).
(Ref: 3 and 4)
Gennemførlighedsundersøgelsen fandt sted i to lokale arbejdsmarkedsområder: Storstrøms Amt i Danmark og distriktet
The feasibility work took place in two local labour market areas: Storstrøms Amt a county in the south of Denmark and Inverclyde District, in the west of the central lowlands of
Arbejdet omfattede kortlægning af alle vejledningstilbud i disse to områder samt samtaler med en række vejledere og politiske beslutningstagere.
The work involved mapping all the counselling services in these two areas and interviewing a range of counselling practitioners and policy makers.
Der blev afholdt lokale samrådsmøder, ét i hvert område, hvortil deltagere fra det andet område samt lokale vejledere blev indbudt.
Two local consultations were held, one in each area to which participants from the other area as well as local practitioners were invited.
om de præcise betydninger, besluttede Eurocounsel­holdet at bruge en arbejdsdefinition af »vejledning« under undersøgelsen.
To avoid spending a disproportionate amount of time and effort in refining definitions, especially since it was recognised that there is ongoing debate as to precise meanings, the Eurocounsel team decided to adopt a working definition of "counselling" for the course of the study.
Denne bestod af fire hovedelementer:
This consisted of four main elements:
For eksempel: sådan er loven, og du har disse rettigheder, forpligtelser, valgmuligheder.
Information: the presentation of objective facts For example: this is the law: these are your rights, obligations, options.
For yderligere information henvend dig til X eller Y: for information, vejledning, rådgivning henvend dig til Ζ eller andetsteds.
For other information go to X or Y: for advice, counselling, guidance, go to Ζ or somewhere else.
Eller endda: »Jeg ændrer nu rolle, og fra at give information går jeg nu over til at vejlede (eller rådgive) dig«.
Or even, "I am now changing roles and moving from information-giving to counselling (or guidance)".
Når situationen, valgmulighederne og mulighederne er blevet klarlagt, så drejer det sig om, hvorledes man kan gå i gang med at anvende informationen, dvs. hvad der vil/kan ske, hvis man vælger en sådan valgmulighed, især i betragtning af: arbejdsmarkedssituationen
Guidance: how to use information Having established the situation, options, possibilities, this is how you can set about using the information; this is what will/may happen if you choose such-and-such an option.
»kendsgerningerne« (uddannelsesmæssige resultater, psykologiske evner, resultater af færdighedsprøver m.v.).
Especially used in the light of: the labour market situation; the "facts" (educational attainment, psychological capacity, results of skill tests etc.).
Her er de jobs/karrierer, du er egnet til, og dér er de kvalifikationer, du skal have, og hvorledes du kan få dem.
Here are the jobs/careers for which you are suitable, and there are the qualifications you have to gain and the ways in which you can gain them.
I betragtning af kendsgerningerne om dig og arbejdsmarkedet samt andre relevante faktorer, så er dette, hvad jeg ville gøre, hvis jeg var dig, og hvad jeg mener, du ville være bedst rådet til at gøre.
Advice: what I (or an agency) think you should do In the light of the facts about you and the labour market and other relevant factors, this is what I would do if I were in your place and what I think you would be best advised to do.
Råd kan også være mere »officielle«, dvs. i din situation er dette hvad myndighederne mener, at du bør gøre, og de råder dig til at
Advice can also be more "official", i.e. in your situation, this is what the authorities think you should do and they advise you to do it.
gøre det. Denne mere »dirigerende« indfaldsvinkel bruges undertiden i »vejledning«, dvs. det er ikke blot, hvorledes du kan bære dig ad med at finde et job, men det er hvorledes vi
This more "directive" approach is also somehow used in "guidance", i.e. not only is this how you can set about getting a job, but it is how we (the authorities) expect/insist you should act: and there are sanctions for not following our advice/guidance.
(myndighederne) forventer/forlanger, at du skal handle, og der er sanktioner, hvis du ikke følger vort råd/vejledning.
Counselling: a process of achieving informed and self-responsible understanding for a client on how to tackle their circumstances The emphasis in counselling is/should be more on the process which results from the relationship between the counsellor and the client, an educational and/or social work activity.
Rådgivning: den proces, hvor en klient får en velunderbygget information og viden, som sætter ham i stand til selv at tage ansvaret for, hvordan hans problemer skal løses
It can be undertaken by independent counsellors acting as professional consultants according to a professional ethos or code, or by persons, whether
»ikke-dirigerende« vejledning begrænses og udvides i overensstemmelse med målsætningen for det pågældende tilbud eller program, hvor vejledningen finder sted.
professional counsellors or not, only with a defined system with presented objectives and limits.
Det er nødvendigt for vejledere at have kendskab til den information, som er relevant; de bør kunne vejlede og rådgive
In such circumstances the possibilities of wholly "non-directive" counselling have to be limited and expanded according to the objective of the service or programme in which counselling is employed.
(enten på eget initiativ eller kun når de bliver bedt om det), og hvis der er tid og lejlighed, bør de kunne hjælpe klienter med at træffe deres egne beslutninger og valg i betragtning af den forhåndenværende information, vejledning og råd.
Counsellors need to know the information which is relevant, they should be able to guide and advise (either on their own initiative or only when asked), and if given the time and opportunity, assist clients to arrive at their own decisions and choices in the light of the information, guidance and advice available.
I hvor stort omfang dette almindeligvis er muligt, afhænger af i hvor stort
The extent to which this is generally possible will depend on the extent to which legal, financial or social sanctions are operating.
I hele Eurocounsel-projektet bruges ordet »vejledning« som en fællesnævner for en hvilken som helst eller samtlige af ovenstående typer.
As a result of the feasibility work, an initial framework was designed to aid analysis of the results.
Som følge af gennemførlighedsundersøgelsen blev der udformet nogle rammer til at hjælpe med at analysere resultaterne.
This framework has remained useful in the first two phases of the programme.
Disse rammer er blevet brugt som et grundlag i projektets første to faser, der omfattede fire vigtige områder: en oversigt over systemerne i hvert land, så den sammenhæng, hvori vejledningstjenester tilbydes, kan ses; systemerne omfatter politiske, institutionsmæssige og kulturelle elementer, da disse alle har indflydelse på vejledningstilbuddene.
It involves four key areas: an overview of the systems in each country so that the context in which counselling services are offered can be given; the systems include political, institutional and cultural elements as these all affect the services provided.
Især blev der set på holdningen til arbejdsløshed og arbejdsmarkedsforanstaltninger.
In particular the approach to unemployment and labour market measures was examined; issues relating to access to counselling services, including both physical access (geographical, buildings, outreach, etc) but also mental or psychological access such as the image of the service and users' perceptions of it; in short, all the aspects which make services accessible or not have been included in this area; the process of the counselling provision itself; how is it delivered and what forms does it take?
spørgsmål vedrørende adgangen til vejledning, herunder ikke blot fysisk adgang (geografisk, bygninger, opsøgende m.v.), men også psykisk eller psykologisk adgang, fx vejledningens image og brugernes opfattelse af den; kort sagt er alle de aspekter, som er af betydning for, om vejledningen er tilgængelig eller ej, blevet medtaget inden for dette område.
The findings during the feasibility stage and in Phase 1 were that the commonest form of counselling content provided was that of information giving; the outcomes of counselling and how these are measured; the findings here were that outcomes were infrequently measured and where they were the measurements tended to be quantitative rather than qualitative.
Instituttet besluttede derfor at iværksætte et fuldt program ved at udføre arbejde i en række lande i hele Europa med det generelle formål at forbedre vejledningstilbuddene til de personer, der er og risikerer at blive arbejdsløse, og undersøge den rolle, som vejledning kan spille i forbindelse med at bekæmpe langtidsledighed som et led i en integreret pakke af arbejdsmarkedsforanstaltninger.
therefore to launch a full programme to undertake work in a number of countries throughout Europe with the overall aim to improve counselling services for the unemployed and those at risk of becoming so, examining the role counselling can play in tackling longterm unemployment as part of an integrated package of labour market measures.
»lokale konsulenter«. (Se bilag 1).
During Phase 1 researchers were appointed in each of the participating countries and termed "local consultants".
Glenys Watt fra Blake Stevenson Ltd, en forsknings- og konsulentvirksomhed, som specialiserer sig i økonomisk og social udvikling med særlig fokus på arbejdsmarkedet, koordinerede hele holdet.
The overall team was coordinated by Glenys Watt of Blake Stevenson Ltd a research and consultancy company specialising in economic and social development with a particular focus on the labour market.
Den østrigske regering kom med i programmet i løbet af Fase I.
The Austrian government joined the programme during the course of Phase I.
I Fase I påtog de lokale konsulenter sig en kortlægningsøvelse af vejledningstilbud i et eller to lokale arbejdsmarkedsområder i deres land.
In Phase 1 the local consultants undertook a mapping exercise of counselling services in one or two local labour market areas in their country.
idet de fulgte samme analytiske ramme, som blev udarbejdet under ovennævnte gennemførlighedsundersøgelse.
They set this in the context of the national systems, following the same analytical framework designed during the feasibility study described above.
Hvert land afholdt et eller flere samrådsmøder, hvortil vejledere og politiske beslutningstagere fra de to lokale områder blev indbudt.
Each country held a consultation day/s to which practitioners and policy makers from the two local areas were invited.
Det var for at muliggøre fuld diskussion om nøglespørgsmålene, som påvirker vejledningstilbuddene i relation til deres egen situation.
This was to allow for full discussion of the key issues affecting counselling provision related to their own situation.
Resultaterne af første fase beskrives i en sammenfattende rapport med titlen »Vejledning og langtidsledighed« (ref. 1).
The results of the first phase have been written up in a synthesis report entitled "Counselling and Longterm Unemployment".
Rapporten om Fase I uddybede forståelsen af vejledningstilbuddene i deltagerlandene.
The Phase 1 report deepened understanding of counselling provision in the participating countries.
Især identificerede den tre forskellige funktioner, som vejledning kan spille i overensstemmelse med de forskellige lokale arbejdsmarkedssituationer.
In particular it identified three different functions which counselling may play, according to varying local labour market situations.
At løse problemet eller tilpasse udbuddet af arbejdskraft til efterspørgslen efter arbejdskraft er en funktion, som hyppigere findes på dynamiske arbejdsmarkeder, hvor vejledningen bistår brugeren med at finde beskæftigelse og samtidig hjælper arbejdsgiverne med at besætte deres ledige stillinger.
Whilst these definitions are not totally free-standing and counselling services in practice can often range across more than one of them, they do provide useful indications of the flexibility which services require if they arc to meet the needs of their users, as well as of their complexity: solving or matching the supply of labour to the demand for labour, is a function which is more commonly found in dynamic labour markets where the counselling service supports the user in finding employment and at the same time assists employers to fill their vacancies; coping, which includes both assisting the unemployed person to deal with the situation of unemployment but also to pro-actively find ways to create work and
8 der kan skabes arbejde og aktivitet via jobskabelse og lokale økonomiske udviklingsprogrammer, og er især velegnet i områder, hvor der er ringe efterspørgsel efter arbejdskraft og/eller en overforsyning af arbejdskraft.
activity through job creation and local economic development, is particularly suited to areas where there is a low demand for labour and/or an over-supply of labour; prevention is a function of counselling services aimed at preventing longterm unemployment.
Den findes almindeligvis, hvor en virksomhed inden for den offentlige eller private sektor ved, at det vil blive nødvendigt for den at afskedige medarbejdere, og i situationer, hvor mennesker lige er blevet arbejdsløse. Formålet hermed er at yde vejledning på et tidligt stadium snarere end at vente, indtil en person bliver langtidsledig.
It is commonly found where a public or private sector organisation knows that it is going to have to make people redundant and in situations where people are newly unemployed; its purpose is to provide counselling at an early stage rather than wait for someone to become longterm unemployed.
Denne forebyggende funktion af vejledning, der sætter fokus på indgreb på et tidligt stadium, findes mindre hyppigt, men ses oftere i omlægninger af større industrivirksomheder, fx i kul-, skibsbygnings- og stålindustrien.
This preventive function of counselling with its focus on early intervention is less commonly found but is seen more often in large industry restructurings such as coal, shipbuilding and steel.
Rapporten om Fase I gav en række vigtige resultater, hvoraf et sammendrag er givet nedenfor.
The Phase I report produced a number of key findings which are summarised below.
Inden for de undersøgte arbejdsmarkedsområder findes der en række forskellige vejledningstilbud og indfaldsvinkler
A range of services and approaches is in existence within the labour market areas studied
Den mængde rådgivning, som er til rådighed, og hvor avanceret denne er, varierer fra land til land.
The amount of counselling available and its level of sophistication varies from country to country.
Der er også variationer i de indfaldsvinkler, der anvendes med hensyn til at yde vejledningen.
There are also variations in the approaches taken to the provision of counselling.
Generelt accepteres det dog i stadig højere grad, at vejledning spiller en central rolle med hensyn til at få arbejdsmarkedet til at fungere bedre og er en væsentlig service for den enkelte.
Generally however, counselling is being regarded increasingly as having a pivotal role to play in the better functioning of the labour market as well as being an essential service for the individual.
Adgang, proces og resultater
Access, Process and Outcomes
Folk kommer sjældent til en vejledningsinstans for vejledningens egen skyld, men for det meste efter, at de har måttet henvende sig til offentlige instanser, hvis vejledning for det meste vedrører deres eget ansvarsområde, fx levering af ydelser eller uddannelses- og undervisningskurser.
Counselling services are seldom accessed for their own sake, but mostly as a consequence of a necessary contact with statutory agencies whose counselling is mostly related to their own area of responsibility such as the provision of benefits or education and training courses.
Det er nødvendigt at forbedre koordineringen og samarbejdet mellem de forskellige vejledere og tilbud, så brugeren kan få adgang til de mest hensigtsmæssige tilbud for sine behov.
There is a need to improve co-ordination and collaboration between the various providers and services so that the user is able to gain access to the most appropriate services for their needs.
Beviser på en intensiv og udvidet klient-orienteret indfaldsvinkel er dog stadig undtagelsen.
Evidence of an intensive and extended customer-centred approach remains the exception.
Vejledningstilbud, som fokuserer på den forebyggende funktion, er også sjældne.
Services which focus on the preventive function are also rare.
Der er kun få eksempler på efterfølgende vejledning, hvor den arbejdsløse, som har fundet et job, får fortsat vejledningsstøtte.
There are only a few examples of follow-on counselling, where the unemployed person who has found a job is given continuing counselling support.
Det er vanskeligt at vurdere resultaterne af vejledningen dels på grund af de forskellige elementer i vejledning (information, råd, rådgivning, vejledning), og fordi de hver især kan forventes at give forskelligt udbytte, og dels på grund af de forskellige situationer, hvor vejledning tilbydes.
Assessment of the outcomes of counselling is difficult partly because of the different elements within the counselling (information, advice, guidance, counselling) which might each have different outcomes, as well as the varying situations in which counselling is
Brugeren som kunde
The user as a customer
I første fase i Eurocounsel har man generelt belyst nødvendigheden af at rette mere opmærksomhed mod brugeren som kunde eller klient, med al den opmærksomhed på kundens behov og vejledningens kvalitet, som dette indebærer.
In general terms the first phase of Eurocounsel highlighted the need to focus more attention on the user as a customer, with all the attention to the customer's requirements and provision of a quality service which this entails.