natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
FORSLAG TIL AFGØRELSE FRA GENERALADVOKAT LÉGER — SAG C-351/04
OPINION OF MS TRSTENJAK — CASE C-265/07 application at the court or other competent authority.
Den fastslog således, at formålet med den pågældende aftale »således ikke
In that light, it could perhaps be considered that the solution to the question in the present case could also be left to national legislation.
41 — Se ligeledes artikel 176(ii) i antidumpingaftalen (min fremhævelse).
However, the questions to be resolved in the two cases differ considerably.
42 — I henhold til artikel IV, stk. 1, i overenskomsten om oprettelse af WTO består ministerkonferencen af repræsentanter for alle WTO’s medlemmer.
The Italian legislation at issue in Commission v Italy governed only the effectiveness of the retention of title clause; it therefore established one of the characteristics of that clause.
Den har beføjelse til at træffe beslutninger i alle anliggender, der henhører under de multilaterale aftaler, og fastsætter de politiske retningslinjer for WTO.
In the present case, by contrast, the Italian legislation does not establish the characteristics necessary for obtaining the enforceable title but nullifies the short period for obtaining it.
Domstolen var navnlig blevet anmodet om at udtale sig om, hvorvidt den domstolsordning, som påtænktes indført med aftalen, var forenelig med EØF-traktaten.
The Italian legislation is contrary to the object of Directive 2000/35, not least because it treats public authorities more favourably than businesses.
43 — I henhold til artikel IV, stk. 2, 3 og 4 i overenskomsten om oprettelse af WTO består Det Almindelige Råd af repræsentanter for alle WTO’s medlemmer.
In that way, it makes effective protection impossible, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises, and impedes prompt payment under public contracts.
IKEA WHOLESALE alene [var] bestemmende for fortolkningen af aftalens egne regler, men også for fortolkningen af de tilsvarende regler i fællesskabsretten« 48.
49Italy’s conduct could thus be defined as circumvention of the objective of the direct- ive, and therefore as conduct in fraudem legis agere.
WTO 50 — især med hensyn til styrkelsen af ordningen for bilæggelse af tvister — mener jeg nemlig ikke, at denne ordning indebærer, at der skal oprettes et domstolslignende organ.
50Under Article 249(3) EC, the Member States are free to choose the form and methods necessary for the transposition of a directive but are bound as to the result to be achieved.
Hvad angår afgørelser udgør de efter min mening ikke bindende retsakter, hverken formelt eller materielt.
By lengthening payment periods, public authorities in fact retain on loan the money of their creditors, who should receive it when the payment period expires.
Disse afgørelser vedtages af WTO’s Almindelige Råd, som, selv om det træffer afgørelse som tvistbilæggelsesorgan, ikke desto mindre er et politisk organ.
The creditors, in other words businesses, in relation to which public authorities are debtors can equally claim that because of late payment they cannot operate properly and cannot have guarantees as to the liquidity of their operations.
FORSLAG TIL AFGØRELSE FRA GENERALADVOKAT LÉGER — SAG C-351/04
OPINION OF MS TRSTENJAK — CASE C-265/07 and prejudice its effectiveness (effet utile) 51the objectives it pursues.
Som jeg tidligere har anført, sigter forståelsen mod »at sikre en positiv løsning på en tvist« 52.
The division of competence between the Community and the Member States does not mean that the latter, in exercising their competence, may enact measures contrary to the object- ive of the directive.
Selv om de kontraherende parter er forpligtet til »omgående« at efterkomme DSB’s henstillinger og afgørelser 53,
In accordance with the first paragraph of Article 10 EC, Member States must ‘take all appropriate measures, whether general or particular, to ensure fulfilment of the obligations arising out of [the] Treaty or resulting from action taken by the institutions of the Community’. Similarly, under the second paragraph of that article,
På baggrund af det ovenfor anførte mener jeg således, at Domstolen ved vurderingen af gyldigheden af den omtvistede forordning ikke kan være bundet af DSB’s fortolkninger i dets rapporter om import af sengelinned .
To conclude, I must point out that Directive 2000/35 cannot preclude the Italian legislation in its entirety but only on the level of the ratione materiae of that directive, in other words in so far as it deals with an unchallenged claim in a commercial transaction.
B — Gyldigheden af den omtvistede forordning i forhold til grundforordningen og antidumpingaftalen kan de dog aftale en rimelig frist til at trække den omtvistede foranstaltning tilbage.
53 — Direct taxation as such does not fall within the competence of the Community, but the Member States must nevertheless exercise their competence in compliance with Community law.
Hvis dette ikke sker, kan parterne forhandle om »midlertidige foranstaltninger« 54, såsom »gensidigt fordelagtige« kompensationer eller suspension af indrømmelser eller andre forpligtelser 55.
See, for example, Case C-279/93 Schumacker [1995] ECR I-225, paragraph 21; Case C-436/00 X and Y [2002] ECR I-10829, paragraph 32; and Case C-9/02 de Lasteyrie du Saillant [2004] ECR I-2409, paragraph 44.
52 — Jf. artikel 3, stk. 7, i forståelsen.
On the effet utile, see also Baron, F. and others, Union Européenne 20062007. Memento pratique Francis Lefebvre, Editions Francis Lefebvre, Levallois, 2005, p.
53 — Jf. artikel 21, stk. 1.
19, paragraph 85; Lenaerts, K. and Van Nuffel, P., op. cit., p. 531.
55 — Jf. artikel 3, stk. 7, og artikel 22, stk. 1.
For the Member States, achievement of the objectives of Community law is an obligation as to the result to be achieved. To that effect, see Schmidt, G., in von der Groeben, H. and Schwarze, J. (eds), op. cit., Vol.
IKEA WHOLESALE konstateringen af, om der foreligger skade 61, kræver, at der foretages en bedømmelse af en række komplicerede omstændigheder.
CAFFARO confer on the Community general powers to regulate the procedures for forced execution not involving cross-border elements.
Fællesskabets retsinstansers prøvelse af institutionernes skøn skal således i henhold til fast retspraksis begrænses til en kontrol af, at formforskrifterne er overholdt, at de faktiske omstændigheder, på grundlag af hvilke det anfægtede valg er foretaget, er materielt rigtige, at der ikke er foretaget en åbenbart urigtig vurdering af de faktiske omstændigheder, og at der ikke foreligger magtfordrejning 62. Det tilkommer derimod ikke Fællesskabets retsinstanser at sætte deres vurdering i stedet for vurderingen fra de institutioner, der er kompetente til at foretage dette valg.
On the basis of the foregoing, I propose that the Court rule that Direct- ive 2000/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 June 2000 on combating late payment in commercial transactions must be interpreted as meaning that it precludes a national provision such as Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669/1996 under which a creditor in possession of an enforceable title relating to an uncontested payment owed by a public authority as remuneration for a commercial transaction cannot proceed to forced execution against the said authority before 120 days have elapsed from the service of the enforceable title on that authority.
Den anden bemærkning vedrører omfanget af den begrundelsespligt, der
JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (First Chamber)
I, s. 2945, præmis 48 f., og af 11.7.1990, forenede sager C-320/86 og C-188/87, Stanko France mod Kommissionen og Rådet, Sml. I, s. 3013, samt Rettens dom af 28.9.1995, sag T-164/94, Ferchimex mod Rådet, Sml. II, s. 2681.
REFERENCE for a preliminary ruling under Article 234 EC, by the Tribunale civile di Roma (Italy), made by decision of 21 May 2007, received at the Court on 4 June 2007, in the proceedings
Rettens dom i sagen Arne Mathisen mod Rådet, præmis 114.
* Language of the case: Italian.
Domstolens dom i sagen Toyo mod Rådet, præmis 19, samt Rettens dom i sagen Thai Bicycle mod Rådet, præmis 33, Rettens dom af 15.10.1998, sag T-2/95, Industrie des poudres sphériques mod Rådet, Sml. II, s. 3939, præmis 292, dom en i sagen Euroalliages m.fl. mod Kommissionen, præmis 49, og dommen i sagen Arne Mathisen mod Rådet, præmis 54.
THE COURT (First Chamber), composed of P. Jann, President of the Chamber, A. Tizzano, A. Borg Barthet, M. Ilešič and E. Levits (Rapporteur), Judges,
60 — Se bl.a. domme af 7.5.1987, sag 240/84, Toyo mod Rådet, Sml. s. 1809, præmis 19, og sag 255/84, Nachi Fujikoshi mod Rådet, Sml. s. 1861, præmis 21.
— Caffaro Srl, by G. Barcellona and R. Crincoli, avvocati,
Bedømmelsespligtens rækkevidde skal nemlig bedømmes i forhold til den sammenhæng, som den anfægtede forordning indgår i, og den procedure, inden for hvilken den er blevet vedtaget, samt under hensyn til alle de retsregler, som gælder på det pågældende område 64.
This reference for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Direct- ive 2000/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 June 2000 on combating late payment in commercial transactions (OJ 2000 L 200, p. 35).
65 — I henhold til artikel 20 i grundforordningen skal Kommissionen oplyse de berørte parter, på disses anmodning, om de vigtigste kendsgerninger og betragtninger, på grundlag af hvilke der er indført foranstaltninger, under behørig hensyntagen til kravet om beskyttelse af fortrolige oplysninger.
The reference was made in the course of proceedings between Caffaro Srl (‘Caffaro’), the creditor, and Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale RM/C (‘Azienda’), an Italian public authority, the debtor, concerning forced execution by way of the attachment of assets that the debtor held at Banca di Roma SpA (‘Banca di Roma’), the third party in the hands of which the attachment was effected.
»beregnes« den normale værdi af samme vare i overensstemmelse med artikel 2, stk. 3, i denne forordning på grundlag af produktionsomkostningerne i oprindelseslandet plus et rimeligt beløb til salgsog administrationsomkostninger og andre generalomkostninger samt fortjeneste.
‘This Directive only defines the term “enforceable title” but does not regulate the various procedures of forced execution of such a title and the conditions under which forced execution of such a title can be stopped or suspended.’
66 — Min fremhævelse.
‘For the purposes of this Directive:
67 — Jeg erindrer om, at i henhold til antidumpingaftalens artikel 2.1 »anses en vare for at være en dumpingvare […], hvis eksportprisen på den vare, der udføres fra et land til et andet, er lavere end den tilsvarende pris for samme vare i normal handel, når den er bestemt til forbrug i eksportlandet« (min fremhævelse).
(5) “enforceable title” means any decision, judgment or order for payment issued by a court or other competent authority, whether for immediate payment or payment by instalments, which permits the creditor to have his claim against the debtor collected by means of forced execution; it shall include a decision, judgment or order for payment that is provisionally enforceable and remains so even if the debtor appeals against it.’
Denne salgsmængde betegnes som »repræsentativ«.
Recital 23 in the preamble to the directive states:
For det første skal det efterprøves, om fællesskabsinstitutionerne, i lyset af ovennævnte bestemmelser, ved beregningen af beløbene til dækning af salgsog administrationsomkostninger og andre generalomkostninger samt fortjeneste lovligt kun kunne tage hensyn til oplysninger vedrørende én enkelt eksportør.
Member States shall ensure that an enforceable title can be obtained, irrespect- ive of the amount of the debt, normally within 90 calendar days of the lodging of the creditor’s action or application at the court or other competent authority, provided that the debt or aspects of the procedure are not disputed.
72 — Denne bestemmelse lyder: »[…] fastsættes beløbene til dækning af salgsog administrationsomkostninger og andre generalomkostninger samt fortjeneste på grundlag af de faktiske omkostninger, der påløber i forbindelse med den af undersøgelsen omfattede eksportørs eller producents produktion og salg i normal handel af samme vare.
The respective national legislation, regulations and administrative provisions shall apply the same conditions for all creditors who are established in the European Community.
Det skal først påpeges, at på grund af det store antal producenter og eksportører i de berørte oprindelseslande besluttede Kommissionen at anvende stikprøver, jf. artikel 17, stk. 1, i grundforordningen 74, og den udtog således en stikprøve af virksomheder for hvert af eksportlandene 75.
Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669 of 31 December 1996, converted into a law, after amendment, by Law No 30 of 28 February 1997, as amended by Article 147 of Law No 388 of 23 December 2000 (Ordinary Supplement to the GURI No 302 of 29 December 2000) (‘Decree-Law No 669/1996’), provides:
Det er ligeledes blevet afgjort, at dette salg kunne anses for at være foretaget i normal handel, i den udstrækning det var rentabelt.
Before expiry of that period the creditor shall not be entitled to proceed to forced execution against the said authorities and bodies nor may enforcement orders be put in place.’
74 — Denne bestemmelse giver de undersøgende myndigheder tilladelse til at anvende stikprøver, når antallet af klagere, eksportører, importører, varetyper eller transaktioner er stort.
The forced execution took the form of an attachment of Azienda’s assets held at the Banca di Roma, the third party, on the basis of a writ of summons to appear before the referring court, notified to the third party and the debtor.
80 — Det fremgår således af 18. betragtning til den omtvistede forordning, at den fortjenstmargen, der anvendtes ved beregningen af den normale værdi, svarer til et vejet gennemsnit af den fortjeneste, som den pågældende indiske virksomhed opnåede på hjemmemarkedssalget af rentable typer varer.
Also at that hearing the referring court noted that forced execution had been initiated before the expiry of the period of 120 days, calculated from service of the enforceable title and provided for by Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669/1996.
82 — Jf. ligeledes sjette betragtning til grundforordningen, hvor det er anført, at »[den normale værdi] under alle omstændigheder bør fastsættes på grundlag af et repræsentativt salg i normal handel […]« (min fremhævelse).
Taking the view that Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669/1996 does not comply with Directive 2000/35, Caffaro requested that that provision should not be applied or, alternatively, that a reference be made to the Court of Justice for a preliminary ruling on the compatibility of that national provision with the directive.
Jf. ligeledes Rettens dom i sagen Thai Bicycle mod Rådet, præmis 47 (min fremhævelse).
In those circumstances, the Tribunale civile di Roma decided to stay proceedings and to refer a question to the Court for a preliminary ruling, which may be summarised as follows:
FORSLAG TIL AFGØRELSE FRA GENERALADVOKAT LÉGER — SAG C-351/04
The question referred for a preliminary ruling
På baggrund af ovenstående er jeg af den opfattelse, at den beregnede normale værdi for samme vare — for importen med oprindelse i Indien og Pakistan — er fastsat korrekt.
In that connection, it is common ground that Directive 2000/35 simply aims to harmonise as far as possible certain payment rules and practices in the Member States in order to combat late payment in commercial transactions.
Rådet fandt, at den ville medføre en diskriminerende behandling af eksportører, hvis egen fortjenstmargen, som er opnået ved normal handel, anvendes, og i forhold til eksportører, som falder ind under artikel 2, stk. 6, litra a), i grundforordningen, og for hvem der anvendes det vejede gennemsnit af salgsog administrationsomkostninger og andre generalomkostninger samt fortjeneste for det samlede salg .
In particular, in the framework of the system established by Directive 2000/35, Article 5 thereof merely requires that the Member States ensure that an enforceable title, as defined in Article 2(5) of the directive, can be obtained normally within 90
Artikel 2.4 i antidumpingaftalen kræver ligeledes, at sammenligningen mellem den normale værdi og eksportprisen er »rimelig«.
2008 — CASE C-265/07 calendar days of the lodging of the creditor’s action or application at the court or other competent authority, provided that the debt or aspects of the procedure are not disputed.
Desuden præciseres det i aftalens artikel 2.4.2, at hvad angår den første symmetriske metode skal der foretages en sammenligning mellem en normalværdi beregnet på grundlag af et vejet gennemsnit og et vejet gennemsnit af priserne for alle »sammenlignelige« eksporttransaktioner 88.
It follows that, as regards the recovery procedures for unchallenged claims, the directive harmonises only the period within which an enforceable title can be obtained, but does not govern forced execution procedures, which remain subject to the national law of the Member States.
FORSLAG TIL AFGØRELSE FRA GENERALADVOKAT LÉGER — SAG C-351/04 negative dumpingmargener 93. Sagsøgeren bemærker ligeledes, at fællesskabsmyndighederne i dag har anerkendt, at denne praksis er retsstridig under henvisning til den verserende sag, som Fællesskabet for WTO har anlagt mod Amerikas Forenede Stater 94.
That conclusion cannot be called into question by the argument of the Commission of the European Communities that Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669/1996, providing for the suspension of forced execution for a period of 120 days, concerns a stage in the procedure for the recovery of the claim prior to forced execution, so that it falls within the scope of Directive 2000/35.
De positive og negative værdier af de beløb, der indgår i denne beregning, angiver præcist, i hvilket omfang eksportprisen er højere eller lavere end den normale værdi.
Furthermore, although it is apparent from the foregoing that an enforceable title can, under Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669/1996, be temporarily deprived of its execu-
97 — Jeg erindrer om, at den af undersøgelsen omfattede vare bestod af forskellige modeller af sengelinned, der af de undersøgende myndigheder blev anset for at være substituerbare (jf. tiende betragtning til den midlertidige forordning).
Not only may the procedures necessary for enforcement of payment follow their course, as the Advocate General pointed out in point 38 of her Opinion, but also, as the Italian Government confirmed at the hearing, the steps required to be taken by Azienda in order to proceed to payment of its debt are not suspended.
tredjeland, der eksporterer to modeller af sengelinned til Fællesskabet, model A og model B.
Quite to the contrary, the public authority debtor is obliged, under Article 14, to do everything possible to ensure that the payment procedure is completed within the period of 120 days.
For hver af modellerne er det vejede gennemsnit af normalværdien beregnet på grundlag af et vist antal nationale transaktioner, og det vejede gennemsnit af eksportprisen er beregnet på grundlag af et vist antal eksporttransaktioner.
In those circumstances, the answer to the question referred must be that Direct- ive 2000/35 is to be interpreted as not precluding a national provision such as Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669/1996, pursuant to which a creditor in possession of an enforceable title in respect of an unchallenged claim against a public authority as remuneration for a commercial transaction cannot proceed to forced execution against the public authority before a period of 120 days has elapsed since service of the enforceable title on the authority.
For model A viser sammenligningen af det vejede gennemsnit af normalværdien og det vejede gennemsnit af eksportprisen en »positiv« dumpingmargen på 25 98.
Since these proceedings are, for the parties to the main proceedings, a step in the action pending before the national court, the decision on costs is a matter for that court.
99 — Min fremhævelse. 100 — Punkt 65.
Costs incurred in submitting observations to the Court, other than the costs of those parties, are not recoverable.
Konstatering af skade
2008 — CASE C-265/07
101 — Jeg erindrer om, at i henhold til grundforordningens artikel 4, stk. 1, forstås der ved begrebet »erhvervsgren i Fællesskabet« samtlige producenter i Fællesskabet af samme vare eller de af dem, hvis samlede produktion af de pågældende varer udgør en betydelig del af den samlede produktion i Fællesskabet.
Directive 2000/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 June 2000 on combating late payment in commercial transactions is to be interpreted as not precluding a national provision such as Article 14 of Decree-Law No 669/1996 of 31 December 1996, converted into a law, after amendment, by Law No 30 of 28 February 1997, as amended by Article 147 of Law No 388 of 23 December 2000, pursuant to which a creditor in possession of an enforceable title in respect of an unchallenged claim against a public authority as remuneration for a commercial transaction cannot proceed to forced execution against the public authority before a period of 120 days has elapsed since service of the enforceable title on the authority.
106 — Jf. 52.-57. betragtning til den midlertidige forordning. 107 — Jf. fodnote 74.
Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber), 11 September 2008 . . . . . . . .
IKEA WHOLESALE fællesskabsniveau, i visse tilfælde var meget forskellige fra dem, der konstateredes for fællesskabserhvervsgrenen 111.
SUMMARY — CASE C-274/07 to putting in place an appropriate regulatory framework, but which requires that the location information for all callers to the ‘112’ be actually transmitted to the emergency services.
Dets er således ud til, at undersøgelsesresultatet vedrørende en væsentlig skade hovedsagelig bygger på det prismønster, der er konstateret i fællesskabserhvervsgrenen for de selskaber, der indgår i stikprøven. I denne forbindelse skal det påpeges, at udelukkelsen af de omtvistede oplysninger, inden for rammerne af forordning nr. 1644/2001, ikke har haft nogen virkning på konstateringen af en væsentlig skade 113.
Under Article 26(3) of Directive 2002/22 on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services, Member States are to ensure that undertakings which operate public telephone networks make caller location information available to authorities handling emergencies, to the extent technically feasible, for all calls to the single European emergency call number ‘112’.
De har bl.a. taget hensyn til forhold vedrørende virksomhedernes produktivitet, såsom rentabilitet og beskæftigelse, og har desuden taget hensyn til prisniveau, salg og markedsandele (i mængde og i værdi) 114.
The failure to acquire or adapt the equipment necessary cannot be regarded as a lack of technical feasibility within the meaning of Article 26(3).
112 — Jf. 40. betragtning til den omtvistede forordning samt punkt 69 i Rådets indlæg.
That provision aims to improve the level of protection and the security of users of ‘112’ services and assist the emergency services in the discharge of their duties.
IKEA WHOLESALE et åbenbart urigtigt skøn, for det første ved fastsættelsen af produktets beregnede normale værdi og for det andet ved vurderingen af forekomsten og størrelsen af den skade, der var forvoldt fællesskabserhvervsgrenen.
As regards the method to be employed in order to transmit location information on callers to the ‘112’ number, that article does not contain any information in that regard and therefore leaves the Member States to decide the manner in which they wish actually ensure to that that information is transmitted.
Ifølge sagsøgeren var de ved grundforordningen krævede betingelser derfor ikke opfyldt ved indførelsen af en endelig antidumpingtold i forbindelse med den omtvistede forordning.
It follows from the wording and the aim of that provision that it imposes on Member States, subject to technical feasibility, an obligation to achieve a result which is not limited
A — Gyldigheden af nr. 1644/2001 og nr. 160/2002
JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Second Chamber)
121 — Min fremhævelse.
11 September 2008 *
VII — Følgerne af den omtvistede forordnings ugyldighed
ACTION under Article 226 EC for failure to fulfil obligations, brought on 7 June 2007,