natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Sagsøgeren havde for det fjerde tilsidesat sin forpligtelse til ved udførelsen af sin ansættelseskontrakt at opføre sig med værdighed ved at besøge sites på internettet og ved med elektronisk post at sende beskeder af pornografisk karakter eller vedrørende adfærd, der sandsynligvis er af kriminel art.
Fourth, it was stated that the applicant had failed to fulfil his obligation to conduct himself with dignity in the performance of his employment contract, by consulting internet sites and sending by electronic mail messages of a pornographic nature or relating to behaviour which was probably criminal.
Den 12. november 1999 meddelte ECB's administration sagsøgerens advokat, at han, idet han havde affattet sine skrivelser af 9. og 10. november 1999 på tysk, havde overset, at det sprog, der skal anvendes i forhold og meddelelser mellem lønmodtageren og ECB, er engelsk. ECB erklærede sig dog indforstået med at godtage disse skrivelser, idet ECB ønskede at undgå en forsinkelse af sagen, uden at denne beslutning dog skulle danne præcedens.
On 28 October 1999 the Personnel Department of the ECB sent to the applicant's lawyer three files containing approximately 900 pages of documentation regarded as evidence by the defendant, together with a CD-ROM on which were saved the pornographic images and sets of images taken from the internet which the applicant had distributed by electronic mail within and outside the ECB during the period covered by the computer checks.
Administrationen kvalificerede i sin begrundede udtalelse disse faktiske forhold som en tilsidesættelse af de grundlæggende principper, der beskytter personers værdighed på deres arbejde, af ansættelsesvilkårenes artikel 4, litra a), og af artikel 3.1 i cirkulære nr. 11/98.
In its reasoned opinion, the administration characterised the abovementioned matters as violating the fundamental principles protecting the dignity of persons in the workplace and as infringing Article 4(a) of the Conditions of Employment and Article 3.1 of Circular 11/98.
Den foreslog direktionen at afskedige sagsøgeren, idet den fandt, at de faktiske forhold, der var fastslået til skade for sagsøgeren, var alvorlige.
Having arrived at the view that the matters established against the applicant were of a serious nature, it proposed to the Executive Board that he should be dismissed.
Den 15. november 1999 sendte sagsøgerens advokat som besvarelse af denne skrivelse en skrivelse, der var affattet på engelsk, til ECB's præsident, hvori han anførte, at forbuddet mod at anvende tysk i nærværende sag udgjorde et forsøg på at hæmme sagsøgerens forsvar, og at han, medmindre ECB inden tre dage meddelte ham noget andet, fremover ville affatte sine skrivelser på tysk.
On 3 November 1999 the applicant, assisted by his lawyer, by a member of the Staff Committee and, at his request, by an interpreter, was heard by members of the Personnel Department, of the division to which he was attached and the Legal Service of the ECB.
Sagsøgerens advokat fremkom med sine bemærkninger til den begrundede udtalelse ved skrivelser af 9. og 10. november 1999, der var affattet på tysk.
The applicant's lawyer submitted his observations on the reasoned opinion by letters of 9 and 10 November 1999, written in German.
Han anførte i sin skrivelse af 9. november 1999, at den i ansættelsesvilkårene fastsatte disciplinærordning manglede hjemmel, og at den tilsidesatte grundlæggende fællesskabsretlige principper og principper, der er fælles for medlemsstaterne, samt princippet nulla poena sine lege (ingen straf uden lov). I sin
In his letter of 9 November 1999, he stated that the disciplinary regime provided for by the Conditions of Employment was lacking in any
Administrationen tilføjede, at der kunne anlægges sag til prøvelse af afgørelsen af 9. november 1999 ved De Europæiske Fællesskabers Domstol.
meaning of Article 41 of the Conditions of Employment, since the Executive Board of the ECB, by whom that decision had been adopted, was the highest administrative authority within that body.
afgørelse 88/591/EKSF, EØF, Euratom af 24. oktober 1988 om oprettelse af De Europæiske Fællesskabers Ret i Første Instans, der flere gange er ændret, ikke indeholder bestemmelser, der udtrykkeligt giver Retten kompetence i tvister, der er omfattet af ovennævnte artikel.
By letter of 18 November 1999, the administration of the ECB, responding to the letter of 15 November from the applicant's lawyer, denied that, in pointing out the principle that English must be used, it had been seeking to hamper the defence of the applicant.
ECB er således i tvivl om, hvorvidt Retten har kompetence i den foreliggende sag.
It stated that, on the contrary, the ECB, by allowing the use of German in that case, had shown greater leniency towards the applicant than was legally required.
Ved skrivelse af 18. november 1999 bestred ECB's administration som en besvarelse af skrivelsen af 15. november 1999 fra sagsøgerens advokat, at den havde villet hæmme sagsøgerens forsvar ved at erindre om princippet om, at engelsk skal anvendes.
legal basis and that it violated general Community principles and principles common to the Member States, as well as the principle of nulla poena sine lege.
Den anførte, at ECB tværtimod ved at godtage anvendelsen af tysk i denne sag havde vist sig mere end velvillig over for sagsøgeren, end den var retligt forpligtet til.
In his letter of 10 November 1999, he argued in essence, first, that the criticisms levelled at the applicant were not sufficiently detailed to enable the applicant to comment; second, that the applicant contested the facts alleged, save for the fact that there was tension between him and the colleague from whom the complaints had emanated, and, in particular, that there was no proof that the applicant had been the only person having access to the computer issued to him; third, that, even assuming that there was any basis to the facts alleged, the ECB had infringed the principle of proportionality by failing to notify the applicant in advance of the opening of disciplinary proceedings, so as to give him the opportunity to rectify his conduct.
Det fremgår af artikel 3, litra a), i afgørelse 88/591, som ændret, at Retten, i første instans, udøver de beføjelser, der er tillagt Domstolen i henhold til traktaterne om oprettelse af Fællesskaberne og de retsakter, der er udstedt til disses gennemførelse, i tvister i henhold til artikel 236 EF og artikel 152 EA.
On 10 November 1999 the applicant's lawyer requested an administrative review of that decision, on the ground that the disciplinary regime laid down by the Conditions of Employment was illegal.
Ved afgørelse af samme dato afskedigede ECB's direktion sagsøgeren i overensstemmelse med ansættelsesvilkårenes artikel 11, litra a) og b), og artikel 8.3.2 i de administrative bestemmelser for personalet.
By a decision adopted on the same day, the Executive Board of the ECB dismissed the applicant in accordance with Article 11(a) and (b) of the Conditions of Employment and Article 8.3.2 of the Staff Rules.
Direktionen afviste i begrundelsen for denne afgørelse den kritik af den begrundede udtalelse, som sagsøgerens advokat var fremkommet med i sine skrivelser af 9. og 10. november 1999.
In the statement of reasons for that decision, it rejected the criticisms of the reasoned opinion expressed by the applicant's lawyer in his letters of 9 and 10 November 1999.
Direktionen anførte navnlig, at sagsøgerens indsigelser i deres helhed ikke reelt kunne så tvivl om relevansen af de beviser, der var samlet under disciplinærsagen.
It stated, in particular, that the issues raised by the applicant, taken as a whole, did not seriously call in question the relevance of the evidence gathered in the course of the disciplinary proceedings.
Sagsøgeren har nedlagt følgende påstande:
Procedure and forms of order sought by the parties
Det fastslås, at afgørelsen af 9. november 1999 er ulovlig.
The applicant claims that the Court should:
ESCB-statuttens artikel 36.2 skal derfor under hensyn til de forskellige fremførte fortolkningsmuligheder fortolkes således, at den ikke strider mod den generelle og ensartede retsbeskyttelsesordning for Fællesskabets ansatte, der følger af afgørelse 88/591 og beror på artikel 225 EF.
On 12 November 1999 the administration of the ECB informed the applicant's lawyer that, in writing his letters of 9 and 10 November 1999 in German, he had failed to have regard to the fact that the language to be used in reports and communications between the ECB and its employees is English.
ECB tilpligtes at udbetale den løn, der i henhold til ansættelsesvilkårenes artikel 44 er tilbageholdt.
However, with a view to preventing the proceedings from being delayed, the ECB stated that it was willing to accept those letters, but on the basis that its decision in that connection was not to be regarded as setting a precedent.
Det fastslås, at afskedigelsen af sagsøgeren er ulovlig, og at ansættelseskontrakten mellem sagsøgeren og ECB ikke er ophørt, men fortsat består.
declare that the disciplinary proceedings brought against him are illegal; declare that the decision of 9 November 1999 is illegal; order the ECB to pay the amounts withheld from his salary pursuant to Article 44 of the Conditions of Employment;
Ordet »Domstolen« i ESCB-statuttens artikel 36.2 skal derfor fortolkes således, at det betegner Fællesskabets retsinstanser som helhed i artikel 7 EFs forstand og således omfatter Retten i Første Instans. Det følger heraf, at Retten har kompetence til at afgøre tvister i henhold til ESCB-statuttens artikel 36.2.
On 15 November 1999, in response to that letter, the applicant's lawyer sent a letter in English to the President of the ECB in which he stated that the compulsory use of that language in the proceedings then pending constituted an attempt to hamper the applicant's defence and that, unless within three days he received notice to the contrary from the ECB, he proposed in future to write his letters in German.
ECB har anført, at ESCB-statuttens artikel 36.2 giver Domstolen kompetence, og at Rådets
declare that his dismissal is illegal and that the contract of employment concluded by him with the ECB has not been terminated but is still continuing;
Dette var i øvrigt udtrykkeligt ønsket hos regeringskonferencen efter vedtagelsen af ESCB-statutten. Det fremgår nemlig af erklæring nr. 27, der er optaget som bilag til den endelige retsakt vedrørende Den Europæiske Union, at
On 17 November 1999 the administration of the ECB informed the applicant's lawyer that the decision of 9 November 1999 could not be the subject of an administrative review within the
A ­ Ulovlighedsindsigeheme
The jurisdiction of the Court of First Instance
»[k]onferencen er af den opfattelse, at Retten i Første Instans bør behandle denne art af sager i henhold til artikel 168 A i Traktaten om Oprettelse af Det Europæiske Fællesskab«.
Article 7 EC and thus as including the Court of First Instance. Consequently, the Court of First Instance has jurisdiction to hear disputes for the purposes of Article 36.2 of the ESCB Statute.
— ECB's manglende kompetence til at vedtage en disciplinærordning
It therefore expresses doubt as to the jurisdiction of the Court of First Instance to hear and determine the present action.
Under hensyn til den ovenfor beskrevne retlige kontekst var Rådet ikke forpligtet til at følge opfordringen fra konferencen om »at [tilpasse] de relevante regler i overensstemmelse hermed« og således fuldstændiggøre opregningen i den pågældende artikel gennem en udtrykkelig henvisning til ESCB­statuttens artikel 36.2.
In the legal context explained above, the Council was not bound to act on the invitation made to it by the conference therefore ... to adapt the relevant rules accordingly', in other words, to add to the list set out in the article in question an express reference to Article 36.2 of the ESCB Statute.
Visse påstandes antagelse til realitetsbehandling
The admissibility of certain heads of claim
A — Sagsøgerens påstand om, at ECB tilpligtes fortsat at beskæftige ham
A — The applicant's claim for an order requiring the ECB to continue to employ him
Det skal bemærkes, at ansættelsesforholdet mellem ECB og dens ansatte defineres af ansættelsesvilkårene, der er vedtaget af styrelsesrådet på forslag af ECB's direktion med hjemmel i ESCB­statuttens artikel 36.1.
Article 3(a) of Decision 88/591, as amended, provides that the Court of First Instance is to exercise at first instance the jurisdiction conferred on the Court of Justice by the Treaties establishing the Communities and by the acts adopted in implementation thereof, in disputes as referred to in Article 236 EC and Article 152 EA The disputes thus referred to are those between the Communities and their servants.
Ansættelsesvilkårene bestemmer i artikel 9, litra a), at »[ajnsættelsesforholdet mellem ECB og dens ansatte reguleres af de ansættelseskontrakter, der indgås i overensstemmelse med nærværende ansættelsesvilkår«. Samme vilkårs artikel 10, litra a), bestemmer, at »[ajnsættelseskontrakterne mellem ECB og dens ansatte består af ansættelsesbreve, som den ansatte skal medunderskrive«.
Although Article 36.2 of the ESCB Statute forms part of a protocol adopted in the context of the Treaty of Maastricht and thus constitutes a provision of primary law, the legal terms employed in that provision must, in case of doubt, be interpreted in the light of the general body of relevant rules in force at the time of its adoption, inasmuch as that will ensure that there is no conflict with a fundamental principle of Community law, such as the principle of equal treatment.
Den pågældende påstand har en anden genstand end annullation af den afgørelse, hvorved sagsøgeren blev afskediget.
The claim in question has a purpose other than the annulment of the decision dismissing the applicant.
Den er endvidere ikke udelukkende af økonomisk art. Den kan således ikke være omfattet af Rettens fulde prøvelsesret inden for rammerne af tvister mellem ECB og dens ansatte i henhold til ansættelsesvilkårenes artikel 42, stk. 2, der bestemmer, at Fællesskabets retsinstansers kompetence »er begrænset til en prøvelse af lovligheden af foranstaltningen eller afgørelsen, medmindre tvisten er af økonomisk art, i hvilket tilfælde Domstolen har fuld prøvelsesret«.
Moreover, it is not exclusively of a financial nature. Consequently, it does not fall within the ambit of the Court's unlimited jurisdiction in disputes between the ECB and its servants, based on the second paragraph of Article 42 of the Conditions of Employment, which provides that the jurisdiction of the Community judicature is to be 'restricted to the legality of the measure or decision, unless the dispute is of a financial nature, in which case the Court of Justice shall have unlimited jurisdiction'.
Dens genstand er således omfattet af forbuddet mod, at Fællesskabets retsinstanser udsteder påbud til administrationen (jf. i samme retning Rettens dom af 19.7.1999, sag T­168/97, Varas Carrion mod Rådet, præmis 26).
It follows that its subject-matter is covered by the rule prohibiting the Community judicature from addressing directions to the administration (see, to that effect, the judgment of the Court of First Instance in Case T-168/97 Varas Carrion ν Council).
Den må derfor afvises.
It is therefore inadmissible.
Endvidere bemærkes, at den pågældende kontrakt er indgået med et fællesskabsorgan, der har fået tildelt en opgave i Fællesskabets interesse og har kompetence til i en vedtægt at fastsætte bestemmelser, der finder anvendelse på dens ansatte.
Consequently, Article 36.2 of the ESCB Statute must be interpreted, having regard to the different possible interpretations suggested, in such a way as to ensure that it does not conflict with the general and uniform system of legal remedies for servants of the Community laid down by Decision 88/591 and based on Article 225 EC.
Påstanden kan således antages til realitetsbehandling (jf. i samme retning Rettens dom af 23.3.2000, sag T­197/98, Rudolph mod Kommissionen, præmis 32 og 33, og den der omtalte retspraksis).
The term 'the Court of Justice' in Article 36.2 of the ESCB Statute is therefore to be interpreted as referring to the Community judicature as a whole within the meaning of
På baggrund af disse elementer og i modsætning til det af sagsøgeren anførte havde styrelsesrådet
Β — The applicant's claim for an order requiring the ECB to pay him the amounts withheld from his basic salary under Article 44 of the Conditions of Employment
til den pågældende adfærdsforpligtelse arbejdstagerens kundskab.
It must therefore be concluded that the employment relationship between the ECB and its members of staff is of a contractual nature, and not of the type existing between the public service and its officials.
Denne adfærdsforpligtelse udgør under alle omstændigheder en elementær anvendelse af det princip, der er fælles for et meget stort flertal af medlemsstaterne, hvorefter kontrakter, herunder navnlig ansættelseskontrakter, skal gennemføres i god tro. Dets eksistens er på grund af dets grundlæggende betydning så åbenlys, at det åbenbart gælder, selv om der mangler enhver udtrykkelig henvisning.
Next, it should be noted that the contract in issue was concluded with a Community body which is responsible for the fulfilment of a task in the Community interest and which is empowered to lay down, in the form of regulations, the provisions applicable to its staff.
- Ulovligheden af de forpligtelser vedrørende adfærd, som ECB har påberåbt sig
A — The objections of illegality
Disse regler er for det første ikke som sådanne blevet meddelt sagsøgeren.
The lack of competence on the part of the ECB to adopt a disciplinary regime
Sagsøgeren har anført, at ansættelsesvilkårene undlader at definere de faktiske forhold, der kan være genstand for disciplinære sanktioner. Ansættelsesvilkårenes kapitel 8, navnlig artikel 43, beskriver således alene de retlige konsekvenser af disciplinære overtrædelser uden at definere disse overtrædelser.
In view of this, and contrary to the applicant's assertions, the Governing Council was entitled, pursuant to Article 36.1 of the ESCB Statute, to provide in the Conditions of Employment for a disciplinary regime enabling it inter alia, in the event of noncompliance by one of its staff with the obligations imposed by the employment contract, to take such measures as might be necessary in the light of the responsibilities and objectives assigned to it.
For det andet har disse regler ikke været genstand for en høring af personaleudvalget.
The applicant maintains that the ECB had no power to adopt a disciplinary regime.
Disse forpligtelser (»duties«) er defineret i forskellige artikler i ansættelsesvilkårene, navnlig artikel 4 og 5. Argumentet kan således ikke tiltrædes.
The applicant challenges the reliance by the ECB, in the dismissal decision, on non­compliance with the rules governing the conduct of staff members, as laid down by Article 4(a) of the Conditions of Employment.
Sagsøgeren har anført, at indledningen af disciplinærsagen i henhold til ansættelsesvilkårenes artikel 43 nødvendigvis forudsatte en anvendelse af kapitel 8 i de administrative bestemmelser for personalet, hvorfor sidstnævnte bestemmelsers ulovlighed fører til, at den pågældende procedure er uretmæssig.
Second, the applicant claims that the Staff Committee was never consulted about those rules.
I denne sag underskrev sagsøgeren den 9. juli 1998 en ansættelseskontrakt, der i overensstemmelse med kravene i artikel 2, stk. 2, i direktiv 91/533, indeholdt oplysninger om parternes identitet, arbejdsstedet, jobkategorien, kontraktens begyndelsestidspunkt, kontraktens forventede varighed og begyndelsesgrundlønnen.
The employment relationship between the ECB and its members of staff is defined by the Conditions of Employment, adopted by the Governing Council pursuant to a proposal by the Executive Board of the ECB on the basis of Article 36.1 of the ESCB Statute.
Oplysningerne om varigheden af ferie med løn, varigheden af de opsigelsesvarsler, der skal overholdes ved kontraktens ophør, den hyppighed, lønnen udbetales med, længden af den normale arbejdsdag eller den normale ugentlige arbejdstid, der også i princippet skal bringes til arbejdstagerens kundskab, kan i overensstemmelse med artikel 2, stk. 3, i direktiv 91/533 angives »ved en henvisning til de love, administrative eller vedtægtsmæssige bestemmelser eller kollektive overenskomster«, der regulerer disse forhold.
Article 9(a) of the Conditions of Employment provides: 'Employment relations between the ECB and its members of staff shall be governed by employment contracts issued in conjunction with these Conditions of Employment'.
Den pågældende kontrakt indeholder en henvisning til ECB's ansættelsesvilkår, der beskriver disse elementer i detaljer. Sagsøgerens ansættelseskontrakt indeholder således alle »de væsentlige punkter i arbejdskontrakten«, som omhandlet i artikel 2 i direktiv 91/533.
According to Article 10(a) of the Conditions of Employment, '(e)mployment contracts between the ECB and its members of staff shall take the form of letters of appointment which shall be countersigned by members of staff.
Herudover forpligter hverken artikel 2 i direktiv 91/533 eller nogen anden bestemmelse i direktivet arbejdsgiveren til specifikt at bringe
Those provisions are similar to the corresponding provisions of the Staff Regulations of the EIB, which have been interpreted by the Court of Justice as meaning that the system adopted for the relations between the Bank and its employees is ... contractual and is accordingly founded on the principle that individual contracts concluded between the Bank and each of its employees constitute the outcome of an agreement resting on mutual consent' (Mills ν EIB, cited above, paragraph 22).
Det skal bemærkes, at de administrative bestemmelser for personalet, der har til formål at definere betingelserne for gennemførelse af ansættelsesvilkårene, er vedtaget af direktionen med hjemmel i ECB's forretningsordens artikel 21.3, der bestemmer, at »[ansættelsesvilkårene gennemføres ved administrative bestemmelser for personalet, der vedtages og ændres af
In the present case, the applicant signed on 9 July 1998 a contract of employment indicating, in accordance with the requirements laid down by Article 2(2) of Directive 91/533, the identities of the parties, the place of work, the employment category, the date of commencement of the contract, the expected duration thereof and the initial basic amount of the remuneration.
Styrelsesrådet har således ved ECB's forretningsordens artikel 21.3 delegeret retten til at definere betingelserne for gennemførelse af ansættelsesvilkårene til direktionen.
The contract in question does in fact contain a reference to the ECB's Conditions of Employment, which set out details concerning those points.
Det følger af retspraksis, at delegationer af gennemførelsesbeføjelser i fællesskabsretten tillades på betingelse af, at de ikke formelt er forbudt i henhold til en tekst (Domstolens dom af 13.6.1958, sag 9/56, Meroni mod Den Høje Myndighed).
Consequently, the applicant's employment contract contains all the 'essential aspects of the contract' in accordance with Article 2 of Directive 91/533.
I dette tilfælde er der imidlertid ingen tekst, der formelt forbyder den pågældende delegation.
Moreover, neither Article 2 nor any other provision of Directive 91/533 requires the employer specifically to bring to the knowledge of the employee the obligation at issue regarding his conduct.
Muligheden for en administrativ efterprøvelse af et spørgsmål, der som i denne sag er omfattet af ECB's direktions kompetence, er således ikke fastsat i de administrative bestemmelser for personalet.
The ECB's Rules of Procedure are in turn based on Article 12.3 of the ESCB Statute, which provides that '(t)he Governing Council shall adopt Rules of Procedure which determine the internal organisation of the ECB and its decision-making bodies'.