natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
I฀ FULDT฀ OMFANG฀ O G S � ฀ G YL DIGE฀ FOR฀ DEN฀ FOR฀ N YL I GT ฀ VEDTAGNE฀ FORORDNING฀ + OM PETENCEKRITERIERNE฀ ER฀ E K S K L UffS I VE ฀ ALTERNATIVE฀ OG฀ O B J E K T I VE ฀ IDET฀ BEGREBET฀ wffE K S K L UffS I V I T E T i฀ FOR SffT� S ฀ SOM฀ D E l N E RET฀ I฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ I฀ FORORDNING฀ % & ฀ N R ฀ ฀ OG฀ IKKE฀ ANVENDES฀ I฀ SAMME฀ BE T Y D NING฀ SOM฀ I฀ KONVENTIONEN฀AF฀ ฀ OG฀ I฀ FORORDNING฀ % & ฀ N R ฀ ฀ ฀ $ ER฀ ER฀ A L TffS � ฀ IKKE฀ N O GE N ฀MULIG HED฀ FOR฀ U D T R Y K K E L IG ฀ ELLER฀ SffT I L T I E N DE฀ K OM P E T E N C E OG฀ ฀ SAMT฀ FORORDNINGENS฀ BETRAGTNING฀ ฀ - E R E ฀ U D F � R L I GT ฀ -! ฀ 3 � N CH E Z ฀ w 0 R O C EffS O S ฀ CIVIL EffS ฀ DE฀ D I V O R C I O ฀ EN฀ LA ฀ 5 % ฀ E L ฀ N U EV O ฀ 2 E G LA M E N TO฀ C OM U N I T A R I O ฀ ฀ R E P E R C UffS I� N ฀ EN฀ N U EffS T R O ฀ A C T U A L ฀ S I SffT E M A i฀ # I VIL E ฀ SKILS M I S S E SAGER฀ I฀ %5 ฀ DEN฀ NYE฀ % & FORORDNING฀ N R ฀ ฀ KON S E K VE NffS ER฀ FOR฀ V O R ฀ N U V � RENDE฀ O R D NING฀ ' L O B A L I Z A C I� N ฀ Y ฀ F A M I L I A ฀ ! , ฀ # A LVO ฀ OG฀ *, ฀ ) R I A R T E ฀ R E D ฀ - A D R I D ฀ ฀ ( ฀ 'AUDEMET 4 A L L O N ฀ w , E ฀ R � G L E M E N T ฀ i฀ & O R O R D NING฀ ฀ C I T ฀ S ฀ ฀ VILLE฀ HAVE฀ FO RET R U K K ET฀ AT฀MAN฀ H A V DE฀ S L � ET฀ F A SffT ฀ AT฀ O P R E G NINGEN฀ AF฀ V � R N E T IN G ฀ VAR฀ wffU D T� M M E N D E i฀ N E T O P ฀ FOR฀ AT฀ U N D G � ฀ DENNE฀ FOR S K E L 1 ฀ $ETTE฀ KAN฀ FOR T O L K EffS ฀ SOM฀ET฀
฀ 4HERE฀ WERE฀ IN฀ FACT฀ TWO฀ POSSIBLE฀ S T A R TING฀ PO IN T S ฀ FOR ฀DE T E R M IN ING฀ JURISDICTION฀ IN฀MATRIMONIAL฀ MATTERS฀ EITHER฀ TO฀ IN C O R PO R A T E ฀ UNIFORM฀ RULES฀ OF฀ JURISDICTION฀ IN฀ MATTERS฀ OF฀ DI V O R C E ฀ PROVIDING฀ A฀ LIMITED฀ NUMBER฀ OF฀ ALTERNATIVES฀ WITHOUT฀ ANY฀ H I E R A R C H Y ฀ OR฀ TAKING฀ THE฀ OP PO S I T E ฀ A P PROACH฀ TO฀ IN C O R PO R A T E ฀ NO฀ RULES฀OF฀JURISDICTION฀BUT฀SIMPLY฀ESTABLISH฀PERMISSIBLE฀GROUNDS฀OF฀JURISDIC TION฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ OF฀ 2EGULATION฀ % # ฀.O฀ ฀FOLLOWS฀THE฀ lRST฀ A P PROACH฀ 4HE฀ DECISION฀ TO฀ INCLUDE฀ A฀ NUMBER฀ OF฀ SPECIlC฀ GROUNDS฀ RE mECTS฀THEIR฀EXISTENCE฀IN฀THE฀LEGAL฀ORDER฀OF฀VARIOUS฀-EMBER฀3TATES฀AND฀THEIR฀ A C C EP T ANCE฀ BY฀ THE฀ OTHER฀-EMBER฀ 3TATES฀ E N D E A V O U R ING฀ TO฀ R EACH฀ AN฀ AGREEMENT฀ A C C EP T ABLE฀ TO฀ AL L
฀ 2 E E L T ฀ VAR฀ DER฀ TO฀ L IN JER฀ MED฀ HENSYN฀ TIL฀ F A SffT L � G GE L S E ฀ AF฀ RETTERNES฀ KOMPETENCE฀ I฀ � GT EffS K A B S SAGER฀ E N T EN฀ KUNNE฀ M AN ฀ I฀ TEKST EN฀ MED TAGE฀ ET฀ BE G R � NffS ET฀ ANTAL฀ ENSARTEDE฀ KOMPETENCEREGLER฀ MED฀ HENSYN฀ TIL฀ SKILSMISSE฀ DER฀ VAR฀ ALTERNATIVE฀ I฀ FORHOLD฀ TIL฀ H IN ANDEN฀ OG฀ O P F � R T ฀ UDEN฀ H I E R A R K I S K ฀ O R DEN฀ ELLER฀ O G S � ฀ KUNNE฀ M AN ฀ HELT฀ U D E LADE฀ KOMPETENCEREGLER฀ OG฀ BLOT฀ N � J EffS ฀ MED฀ AT฀ F A SffT L � G GE ฀ DE฀ T I L LAD T E ฀ KOMPETENCEKRITERIER฀ !RTIKEL฀ ฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ I฀ FORORDNING฀ % & ฀ N R ฀ ฀ F � LG ER฀ DEN฀ F � R SffT E ฀ L IN J E ฀ " E SLUTNING EN฀ OM฀ AT฀ MED TAGE฀ BESTEMTE฀ K R I T E R I ER฀ AFSPEJLER฀ AT฀ DISSE฀ lNDES฀ I฀ mERE฀ MED L E MffS STATERS฀ RETS O R DEN฀ OG฀ E N D VIDERE฀ AT฀DE฀ � V R I GE ฀ MEDLEMSSTATER฀ ACCEPTEREDE฀ DEM฀ IDET฀MAN฀ FOR S � GT E ฀ AT฀ N � ฀ F R E M ฀ TIL฀ EN฀ L �ffS NING฀ DER฀ VAR฀ A C C E P T A BE L ฀ FOR฀ A L L E ฀ 2 EffS U L T A T ET฀ ER฀ AT฀ DER฀ ER฀ FASTLAGT฀ SYV฀ FORSKELLIGE฀ KOMPETENCEKRITERIER฀ I฀ FORBINDELSE฀MED฀ SKILSMISSE฀ SEPARATION฀ OG฀ OM SffT� DELSE฀ AF฀ � GT EffS K A B ฀ HVILKET฀ GIVER฀ ANLEDNING฀ TIL฀ EN฀ VIS฀ FAVOR฀ D I V O R T I I฀ ฀ .
฀ 4HE฀ RESULT฀ IS฀ THAT฀ THERE฀ ARE฀ S EVEN฀ DIFFERENT฀ GROUNDS฀ OF฀ JURISDICTION฀ FOR฀ DI V O R C E ฀ SEPARATION฀ AND฀ AN N U L MENT฀ PROCEEDINGS฀ L E A D ING฀ TO฀ A฀ DEGREE฀ OF฀ F A V OR฀ DI V O R T I I ฀ ฀ & OR฀ SOME฀ THAT฀ RESULT฀ IS฀ OPEN฀ TO฀ C R I T I C I S M ฀ ฀ BUT฀ IN฀ M Y ฀ OPINION฀ THE฀ GROUNDS฀ ADOPTED฀ E N D E A V O U R ฀ TO฀ M E E T ฀ OBJECTIVE฀ REQUIREMENTS฀ ARE฀ IN฀ LINE฀WITH฀THE฀INTERESTS฀OF฀THE฀PARTIES฀AND฀ENDEAVOUR฀TO฀BE฀SUFlCIENTLY฀mEX I B L E ฀ TO฀ M E E T ฀ THE฀ N E E DfiS ฀ OF฀ IN DI V I D U AL S ฀ M O B I L I T Y ฀ AND฀ l N AL L Y ฀ TO฀ RE S PO N D ฀ TO฀ INDIVIDUAL฀ REQUIREMENTS฀ WITHOUT฀ S A C R I l C ING฀ LEGAL฀ C E R T A IN T Y ฀ )F฀ THERE฀ IS฀ A฀ R I S K ฀ OF฀ FORUM฀SHOPPING฀ THE฀ SOLU TION฀ SHOULD฀ NOT฀ BE฀ TO฀ RE D U C E ฀ THE฀ NUMBER฀ OF฀ GROUNDS฀ OF฀ JURISDICTION฀ BUT฀ TO฀ U N IF Y ฀ THE฀-EMBER฀3TATES฀ CONmICT OF LAW฀ RULES฀ AS฀ WAS฀ D ONE฀ BY฀ THE฀ ฀ 2OME฀ #ONVENTION฀ ON฀ THE฀ , A W ฀ APPLICABLE฀ TO฀ # O N TRACTUAL฀ / B L I G A T I O N S ฀
O G L E ฀ KRITISERER฀ DETTE฀ R EffS U L T AT฀ ฀ MEN฀ EFTER฀ M IN ฀OPFATTELSE฀ S � G ER฀DE฀ VEDTAGNE฀ K R I T E R I ER฀ AT฀ O P FYLDE฀ NOGLE฀ O B J E K T I VE ฀ KRAV฀ OG฀DE฀ ER฀ I฀ T R � D ฀ MED฀ PARTERNES฀ IN T E R EffS S ER�฀ DE฀ ER฀ E N D VIDERE฀ U D T R Y K ฀ FOR฀ ET฀ FOR S � G ฀ P� ฀ AT฀ O P STILLE฀ REGLER฀ DER฀ ER฀ T I L SffT R � K K E L I GT ฀ SffM I DIGE฀ TIL฀AT฀ T I LG O D EffS E ฀ BE H OV ENE฀ I฀ FORBINDELSE฀MED฀ P E R SffO N B EV � GE L IG H E DEN฀ OG฀ ENDELIG฀ U D G � R ฀ DE฀ ET฀ FOR S � G ฀ P� ฀ AT฀ T I LG O D EffS E ฀ DEN฀ E N K E L T EffS ฀ BE H OV ฀ UDEN฀ AT฀ S � T T E ฀ RETS S IKKE R H E DEN฀ OVER฀ SffT Y R ฀ ( VIS฀ DER฀ ER฀ EN฀ RISIKO฀ FOR฀ FOR U M ฀ S H O P P IN G ฀ B � R ฀ L �ffS NINGEN฀ IKKE฀ V � R E ฀ AT฀ R E D U C E R E ฀ AN T A L LET฀ AF฀ KOMPETENCEKRITERIER฀ MEN฀ DERIMOD฀ AT฀ HARMONISERE฀ MEDLEMSSTATERNES฀ LOV V A LG S REGLER฀ S � D AN ฀ SOM฀DET฀ BLEV฀ G JO R T ฀ MED฀ 2OM KONVENTIONEN฀AF฀ ฀ OM฀ H VIL KEN฀ LOV฀ DER฀ SKAL฀ ANVENDES฀ P� ฀ KONTRAKTLIGE฀ FOR P L I GT E L S E R
4HE฀ A C T U AL ฀ GROUNDS฀ ADOPTED฀ ARE฀ L A R G E L Y ฀ BASED฀ ON฀ HABITUAL฀ RESIDENCE฀ AL THOUGH฀THE฀MOBILITY฀OF฀PEOPLE฀IN฀%UROPE฀AND฀THE฀RANGE฀OF฀POSSIBLE฀SITUA TIONS฀MAY฀MAKE฀IT฀DIFlCULT฀TO฀IDENTIFY฀A฀SINGLE฀PLACE฀OF฀RESIDENCE฀FOR฀THE฀ PURPOSES฀OF฀ THE฀ RULE฀ ฀ 3OME฀ A C C O U N T ฀ HAS฀ L I K E W I S E ฀ BEEN฀ TAKEN฀ OF฀ N A T I O N ALITY฀AND฀OF฀DOMICILE฀WITHIN฀THE฀MEANING฀OF฀THE฀TERM฀AS฀USED฀IN฀THE฀5NITED฀ + IN G D O M ฀ AND฀ ) RE L AND฀ P A R A G R A P H ฀ ฀ 4HAT฀ RULE฀ IS฀ALSO฀ PER F E C T L Y ฀ A C C EP T ABLE฀ SINCE฀IT฀CERTAINLY฀DOES฀NOT฀CONSTITUTE฀DISCRIMINATION฀WITHIN฀THE฀MEANING฀OF฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀OF฀THE฀ %#฀ 4 RE A T Y ฀
& OR฀ S � ฀ VIDT฀ AN G � R ฀ DE฀ KONKRETE฀ K R I T E R I ER฀ B Y G G ER฀DE฀ FOR฀EN฀ SffT O R ฀ DELS฀ VE D KOMMENDE฀ P� ฀ S � D V AN L I GT ฀ O PH O L D S SffT E D ฀ OM฀ END฀ P E R SffO N B EV � GE L IG H E DEN฀ I฀%UROPA฀OG฀DEN฀BREDE฀VIFTE฀AF฀MULIGE฀SITUATIONER฀KAN฀SKABE฀PROBLEMER฀ MED฀ HENSYN฀ TIL฀AT฀ F A SffT L � G GE ฀ � T ฀ E N K E L T ฀ O PH O L D S SffT E D ฀ ฀ MED฀ HENBLIK฀ P� ฀ ANVENDELSEN฀ AF฀ DENNE฀ REGEL฀ $ OG฀ ER฀ O G S � ฀ N A T I O N A L I T ET฀ OG฀ D OM I C I L ฀ I฀DEN฀ BE T Y D NING฀ SOM฀ DETTE฀ BE G R EB ฀ HAR฀ I฀ $ ET฀ & O R E N E DE฀ + O N GE R I GE ฀ OG฀ ) R LAND฀ BLEVET฀ T I L LA GT ฀ EN฀ VIS฀ V � GT ฀ SffT K ฀ ฀ $ENNE฀ REGEL฀ ER฀ LIGELEDES฀ FULDT฀ UD฀ A C C E P T A BE L ฀ DA฀ DEN฀ P� ฀ IN GEN฀ M � DE฀ KAN฀ F � R E ฀ TIL฀ FOR S K E L S BEHANDLING฀ I฀OVERENSSTEMMELSE฀MED฀ % & TRAKTATENS฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ ฀
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N C E L ฀ OG฀ ( ฀ - U I R ฀ 7 A T T ฀ w , A ฀ D EffS U N I O N ฀ i฀ %ffU R O P� I S K ฀ D I S H A R M O N I฀ ฀ C I T ฀ S ฀ � ฀ DISSE฀TO฀FORFATTERE฀VILLE฀HAVE฀ FORETRUKKET฀EN฀KONTROL฀AF฀DEN฀ INDIREKTE฀KOMPETENCE฀UD฀FRADEN฀ BETRAGTNING฀ AT฀ DET฀ ER฀DE฀ MANGE฀ K R I T E R I ER฀DER฀ HAR฀ S K A B T ฀ BE H OV ฀ FOR฀ AT฀ IN D F � R E ฀ wEN฀ SffO l SffT I K E RET฀ KORRIGERENDE฀MEKANISMEi฀FOR฀ LITISPENDENS฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ * F ฀ LIGELEDES฀ * ฀ # A R R A S C O S A ฀ w # U EffS T I O N EffS ฀ i฀ / MffS T R I D T E ฀ S P� R G SffM � L ฀ ฀ C I T ฀ S ฀
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4HE฀ THIRD฀ PROVISION฀ IS฀ A฀ SPECIAL฀ RULE฀ ON฀ PRO V I SIONAL฀ MEASURES฀ IN฀!RTICLE฀ ฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ OF฀ 2EGULATION฀ % # ฀.O฀ ฀ 4HE฀ RULE฀ IS฀ SOUND฀AND฀ TAKES฀ A C C O U N T ฀ OF฀ #OURT฀ OF฀ *USTICE฀ CASE LAW฀ ฀ 4 W O ฀ RE S T R I C T I O N S ฀ APPLY฀ IN฀ THIS฀ IN S T ANCE฀ I ฀ JURISDICTION฀ APPLIES฀ ONLY฀ IN฀ U R G ENT฀ CASES฀ SO฀ AS฀ TO฀ P R EVENT฀ C I R C U M VENTION฀ OF฀ OTHER฀ RULES฀ OF฀ JURISDICTION฀ IN฀ THE฀ REGULATION�฀ I I ฀JURISDIC TION฀IS฀PROVISIONAL฀SINCE฀THE฀PROVISIONAL฀MEASURES฀TAKEN฀CEASE฀TO฀APPLY฀AS฀ SOON฀AS฀THE฀COURT฀HAVING฀JURISDICTION฀AS฀TO฀THE฀SUBSTANCE฀UNDER฀THE฀REGULA TION฀ A D OP T S ฀ THE฀ MEASURES฀ NECESSARY฀ TO฀DEAL฀WITH฀ THE฀ S I T U A T I O N