natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
På dette sidste punkt præciserede Domstolen dog, at det som udgangspunkt er lovligt, at beskatningsmedlemsstaten nægter at indrømme en sådan fradragsret med hensyn til almennyttige institutioner beliggende i®tredjelande, hvis det, bl.a. på grund af at dette tredjeland ikke er aftalemæssigt forpligtet til at afgive oplysninger, viser sig umuligt at indhente de nødvendige oplysninger fra tredjelandet.
The Court concluded from this that passengers whose ªights are delayed may be treated, for the purposes of the application of the right to compensation, as passengers whose ªights are cancelled, which means that they too can claim ªat-rate compensation from the airline where they reach their ¤nal destination three hours or more after the scheduled arrival time, unless the delay was caused by extraordinary circumstances.
For det andet drejer det sig om Woningstichting Sint Servatius-sagen (dom af 1.10.2009, sag®C-567/07), der besvarede en anmodning om fortolkning af traktatbestemmelserne vedrørende de frie kapitalbevægelser, der skulle afgøre, om den nederlandske lovgivning om fremme af adgangen til boliger var forenelig med disse bestemmelser.
On a very general level, in Case C-429/07 X BV (judgment of 11 June 2009) the Court held that the Commission may submit on its own initiative written observations to a national court of a Member State in proceedings relating to the tax deductibility of a ¤ne imposed by the Commission for infringement of Article 81 EC or 82 EC.
I®henhold til denne lovgivning skulle nederlandske organisationer godkendt på området for alment boligbyggeri®med hensyn til deres grænseoverskridende ejendomsinvesteringsprojekter følge en administrativ procedure for forudgående tilladelse og godtgøre, at de pågældende investeringer blev gennemført af hensyn til det almene boligbyggeri®i®Nederlandene.
Article 15 of Regulation No 1/2003 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty (14), entitled‘Cooperation with national courts’, provides, in speci¤c circumstances, for the possibility of intervention by the Commission in proceedings pending before national courts.
Ifølge Domstolen udgør en sådan pligt en restriktion for de frie kapitalbevægelser.
The Court stated that the option for the Commission, acting on its own initiative, to submit written observations to national courts is subject to the sole condition that the coherent application of Article 81 EC or 82 EC so requires.
Domstolen medgav, at hensynet til en medlemsstats almene boligpolitik og nansieringen heraf kan udgøre tvingende almene hensyn og derfor kan begrunde en sådan restriktion.
That condition may be ful¤lled even if the proceedings concerned do not pertain to issues relating to the application of Article 81 EC or 82 EC.
Domstolen præciserede imidlertid, at en ordning med forudgående administrativ tilladelse ikke kan begrunde, at de nationale myndigheder træ©er skønsmæssige afgørelser, som kan føre til, at fællesskabsrettens bestemmelser mister deres e©ektive virkning.
In addition, given that there is an intrinsic link between ¤nes and the application of Article 81 EC and 82 EC, the e¥ectiveness of the penalties imposed by the national or Community competition authorities on the basis of Article 83(2)(a) EC is a condition for the coherent application of Articles 81 EC and 82 EC.
Hvis en sådan ordning skal være begrundet, må den tillige bygge på objektive kriterier, der ikke er udtryk for forskelsbehandling, og på forinden kendte forhold, som sikrer, at den er egnet til i®tilstrækkeligt omfang at lægge en ramme for de nationale myndigheders skønsudøvelse, hvilket det påhviler den nationale ret at efterprøve.
Consequently, the decision that the court of a Member State must give in proceedings relating to the deductibility from taxable pro¤ts of the amount of a ¤ne or a part thereof is capable of impairing the e¥ectiveness of penalties in respect of anti-competitive practices and, therefore, might compromise the coherent application of Article 81 EC or 82 EC.
I®sagen Sturgeon m.. og Böck og Lepuschitz (dom af 19.11.2009, forenede sager C-402/07 og C-432/07) skulle Domstolen tage stilling til begrebet forsinkede ¯yafgange inden for rammerne af forordning nr.®261/2004 13.
With regard to agreements and concerted practices, the Court was given the opportunity in Joined Cases C-501/06 P, C-513/06 P, C-515/06 P and C-519/06 P GlaxoSmithKline v Commission (judgment of 6 October 2009) to rule on the compatibility with Article 81 EC of agreements aimed at restricting parallel trade in medicinal products (15).
Den pågældende forordning indeholder bestemmelser om en fast kompensation i®tilfælde af en a¯ysning af en ¯yafgang, men ikke i®tilfælde af en forsinket ¯yafgang.
The Court held that, in principle, agreements aimed at prohibiting or limiting parallel trade have as their object the prevention of competition.
Domstolen bemærkede indledningsvis, at varigheden af en forsinkelse – selv om den er lang – ikke er tilstrækkelig til at anse en ¯yafgang for a¯yst.
That principle applies to the pharmaceuticals sector.
En forsinket ¯yafgang kan, uanset varigheden af forsinkelsen, ikke anses for a¯yst, når de øvrige faktorer bortset fra afgangstidspunktet, herunder særligt ruten, forbliver uændrede i®overensstemmelse med den oprindelige planlægning.
It cannot be a requirement for ¤nding that an agreement has an anti-competitive object that there be proof that the agreement entails disadvantages for ¤nal consumers.
Hvad angår retten til kompensation fastslog Domstolen, at passagerer, hvis ¯yafgang har været genstand for en a¯ysning, og passagerer, der er berørt af en forsinkelse, har lidt et sammenligneligt tab, nemlig et tab af tid, og de bender sig således i®en sammenlignelig situation, som ikke kan begrunde en forskelsbehandling.
In addition, the Court noted that, in order to be capable of being exempted under Article 81(3) EC, an agreement must contribute to improving the production or distribution of goods or to promoting technical or economic progress.
Domstolen konkluderede således, at passagerer på forsinkede ¯yafgange kan sidestilles med passagerer på a¯yste ¯yafgange i®forhold til anvendelsen af retten til kompensation, og de kan således også anmode om kompensation hos ¯yselskabet, når de
That contribution is not identi¤ed with all the advantages which the undertakings participating in the agreement derive from it for their activities, but with appreciable objective advantages of such a kind as to compensate for the
Udviklingen og arbejdet ankommer til deres endelige bestemmelsessted tre timer eller mere efter det planlagte ankomsttidspunkt, medmindre forsinkelsen skyldes usædvanlige omstændigheder.
Proceedings resulting disadvantages for competition.
Denne betingelse kan være opfyldt selv i®tilfælde, hvor den berørte procedure ikke vedrører spørgsmål om anvendelsen af artikel®81 EF eller 82 EF.
The Commission may therefore carry out a prospective analysis.
Da der i®øvrigt er en tæt forbindelse mellem bøderne og anvendelsen af artikel®81 EF og 82 EF, udgør den e©ektive virkning af de sanktioner, der pålægges af de nationale konkurrencemyndigheder eller af Fællesskabets konkurrencemyndigheder på grundlag af artikel®83, stk.®2, litra a), EF, en betingelse for den sammenhængende anvendelse af artikel®81 EF og 82 EF.
It is sucient for the Commission to arrive at the conviction that the occurrence of the appreciable objective advantage is suciently likely in order to presume that the agreement entails such an advantage.
Følgelig kan den afgørelse, som en ret i®en medlemsstat skal træ©e i®en sag, der vedrører spørgsmålet, om en bøde eller en del af denne, skade virkningen af sanktionerne på området for konkurrencebegrænsende praksis og således indebærer en risiko for, at den sammenhængende anvendelse af artikel®81 EF og 82 EF bringes i®fare.
The Court also stated that the examination of an agreement for the purposes of determining whether it contributes to the improvement of the production or distribution of goods or to the promotion of technical or economic progress, and whether that agreement generates appreciable objective advantages, which must be undertaken in the light of the factual arguments and evidence provided in connection with the request for exemption, may require the nature and speci¤c features of the sector concerned by the agreement to be taken into account if its nature and speci¤c features are decisive for the outcome of the analysis.
Domstolen fastslog således, at artikel®15 i®forord-ning nr.®1/2003 i®en sådan situation giver Kommissionen beføjelse til at indgive skriftlige indlæg for den nationale ret.
Taking those matters into account does not mean that the burden of proof is reversed, but merely ensures that the examination of the request for exemption is conducted in the light of the appropriate factual arguments and evidence provided by the party requesting the exemption.
På området for karteller gav sagen GlaxoSmithKline mod Kommissionen (dom af 6.10.2009, forenede sager C-501/06®P, C-513/06®P, C-515/06®P og C-519/06®P) Domstolen lejlighed til at tage stilling til foreneligheden med artikel®81 EF af aftaler med det formål at begrænse parallelhandel med lægemidler 15. Domstolen fastslog, at aftaler, som tilsigter at forbyde eller begrænse denne parallelhandel, i®princippet har et konkurrencebegrænsende formål.
In Case C-511/06°P Archer Daniels Midland v Commission (judgment of 9 July 2009), concerning an unlawful cartel in the citric acid sector, the Court dealt with the consequences of the classi¤cation as leader of a cartel for the rights of defence.
Dette princip nder anvendelse inden for lægemiddelsektoren.
Such a classi¤cation has signi¤cant repercussions on the amount of the ¤ne to be imposed on an undertaking.
Konstateringen af, at en aftale har et konkurrencebegrænsende formål, er ikke betinget af, at den endelige forbruger fratages fordele.
It constitutes, ¤rst, an aggravating circumstance and, second, a circumstance which, where the undertaking cooperates, excludes from the outset the granting of a very substantial reduction of the ¤ne.
Domstolen bemærkede i®øv-rigt, at en aftale for at blive fritaget i®henhold til artikel®81, stk.®3, EF skal bidrage til at forbedre produktionen eller fordelingen af varerne eller til at fremme den tekniske eller økonomiske udvikling.
The Court held that, although the Commission is not required to state in the statement of objections the manner in which it intends to take account of the facts when setting the level of the ¤ne or, in particular, whether it intends, on the basis of those facts, to classify an undertaking as a leader of the cartel, it is required, at the very least, to state those facts.
Et sådant bidrag kan ikke antages at ndes i®enhver fordel, som opnås af de virksomheder, som deltager i®aftalen, idet den skal indebære mærkbare objektive fordele, som kan opveje de ulemper, aftalen medfører for konkurrencen.
Where the documents and items of evidence which are the source of the facts used as a basis for the classi¤cation as a leader of the cartel consist of testi monies of persons involved in the infringement procedure and therefore have a subjective aspect, the fact that those documents are annexed to the statement of objections, without those facts being expressly referred to in the wording itself of the statement, does not enable the undertaking either to assess the credence which the Commission gives to each of the items of evidence or to contest them, or consequently usefully to exercise its rights.
Kommissionen kan således foretage en fremtidsanalyse.
In proceeding in that manner, the Commission infringes the rights of defence of the undertaking concerned.
Det er tilstrækkeligt, at Kommissionen når til den overbevisning, at sandsynligheden for, at den mærkbare objektive fordel udmønter sig, for at nde, at aftalen indebærer en sådan fordel.
In addition, in the absence of other evidence in the statement of objections which makes it possible to arrive at such a classi¤cation, the Commission cannot rule out, from the outset, a°signi¤cant reduction in the ¤ne where the undertaking cooperates.
Domstolen præciserede endvidere, at undersøgelsen af en aftale for at afgøre, om denne bidrager til at forbedre produktionen eller fordelingen af varerne eller til at fremme den tekniske eller økonomiske
Furthermore, in that same case, the Court con¤rmed that actual termination of the infringement as soon as the Commission intervenes does not automatically entail a reduction of the ¤ne.
Om en undersøgelse af ensidige foranstaltninger til begrænsning af parallelhandel med lægemidler i®forhold til artikel®82 EF jf. dom af 16.9.2008, forenede sager C-468/06–C-478/06, Sot. Lélos kai®Sia, Sml. I, s.®7139.
By its judgment of 24 September 2009 in Joined Cases C-125/07 P, C-133/07 P, C-135/07 P and C-137/07 P Erste Bank der österreichischen Sparkassen v Commission, which was delivered on the appeal in the ‘Lombard Club’ case, the Court held that the fact that an arrangement relates only to the marketing of products in a single Member State is not sucient to preclude the possibility that trade between Member States might be a¥ected.
Domstolen udvikling, og om den kan skabe mærkbare objektive fordele, som skal foretages i®betragtning af de faktiske omstændigheder og beviser, der er fremlagt som led i®en anmodning om fritagelse, kan nødvendiggøre, at der tages hensyn til kendetegnene og de eventuelle særegenheder ved den af aftalen berørte sektor, såfremt disse kendetegn og særegenheder er afgørende for resultatet af undersøgelsen.
In addition, the Court stated that the Commission is in no way obliged, where the subsidiary has committed an infringement, to verify as a matter of priority whether the conditions for attribution of the infringement to the parent company have been ful¤lled.
En sådan hensyntagen betyder ikke, at bevisbyrden vendes, men sikrer blot, at undersøgelsen af anmodningen om fritagelse foretages i®betragtning af de passende faktiske argumenter og beviser, ansøgeren har forelagt.
The Commission has the option of penalising either the subsidiary which participated in the infringement or the parent company which controlled it during that period.
En sådan kvalicering indebærer væsentlige konsekvenser for så vidt angår størrelsen af den bøde en virksomhed pålægges. Det udgør således for det første en skærpende omstændighed, og for det andet en omstændighed, som i®tilfælde af virksomhedens samarbejde uden videre udelukker en meget betydelig nedsættelse af bøden.
It then stated that, contrary to what the applicants claimed, the General Court did not base its ¤ndings in relation to the assessment of the gravity of the infringement merely on the implementation of the cartel, but determined its actual impact on the market.
Domstolen fastslog, at det ikke påhviler Kommissionen i®klagepunktsmeddelelsen at angive, hvorledes den vil anvende de faktiske omstændigheder med henblik på at fastlægge bødens størrelse, eller navnlig, om den har til hensigt på grundlag af disse faktiske omstændigheder at kvalicere en virksomhed som kartelleder, men det påhviler den imidlertid i®det mindste at angive disse faktiske omstændigheder.
Furthermore, the Court considered that, in the context of the determination of the amount of the ¤nes, the taking into account by the Commission, in order to divide into di¥erent categories the companies which assumed the role of lead institutions within a banking group, of the market shares of the members of the group did not constitute imputation of the unlawful conduct of the latter to the lead institutions.
Ved at gøre sådan, har Kommissionen tilsidesat den pågældende virksomheds ret til forsvar. Kommissionen kan ikke lægge disse elementer til grund for kvaliceringen af virksomheden som kartelleder.
It was a step designed to ensure that the level of the ¤nes imposed on the lead institutions adequately reªected the gravity of their unlawful conduct.
I®mangel af andet bevismateriale i®klagepunktsmeddelelsen, der giver anledning til en sådan kvalicering, kan Kommissionen i®øvrigt ikke uden videre afvise, at virksomheden kan få en meget betydelig nedsættelse af bøden i®tilfælde af virksomhedens samarbejde.
With regard to abuse of a dominant position, the Court delivered two important judgments.
Domstolen bekræftede i®samme sag®i®øvrigt, at den omstændighed, at overtrædelsen blev bragt til ophør straks efter Kommissionens første indgriben, ikke automatisk medfører en nedsættelse af bøden.
Following the appeal brought by France Télécom against the judgment in Case T-340/03 France Télécom v Commission [2007] ECR II-107, the Court upheld that judgment, which had dismissed the action brought against the Commission’s decision imposing on France Télécom a ¤ne of EUR 10.35 million for abuse of a dominant position on the French market for high-speed Internet access for residential customers.
Domstolen bemærkede endvidere, at en overtrædelses konkrete indvirkning på markedet er et blandt ¯ere forhold, der skal tages i®betragtning for at bedømme overtrædelsens grovhed.
In response to that company’s argument that the General Court infringed Article 82 EC in ¤nding that demonstration of the possibility of recouping losses was not a precondition to making a ¤nding of predatory pricing, the Court stated that that possibility does not constitute a necessary precondition to establishing that such a pricing policy is abusive.
Ved dom af 24. september 2009, Erste Bank der österreichischen Sparkassen mod Kommissionen (forenede sager C-125/07®P, C-133/07®P, C-135/07®P og C-137/07®P), afsagt inden for rammerne af en appel i®»club Lombard«-sagen, fastslog Domstolen, at den omstændighed, at en aftale kun vedrører markedsføringen af varer i®én medlemsstat, ikke er tilstrækkelig til at udelukke, at samhandelen mellem medlemsstater kan være påvirket.
Such a possibility constitutes merely a relevant factor in assessing whether or not the practice concerned is abusive, in that it may, for example where prices lower than average variable costs are applied, assist in excluding economic justi¤cations other than the elimination of a competitor, or, where prices below average total costs but above average variable costs are applied, assist in establishing that a plan to eliminate a competitor exists.
Da en sådan aftale ifølge selve sin natur styrker opdelingen i®nationale markeder, hvorved den hæmmer den med EF-traktaten tilstræbte økonomiske sammenvoksning, foreligger der en stærk formodning for påvirkning af handelen mellem medlemsstater, og denne kan kun afkræftes, hvis undersøgelsen af aftalen og dens økonomiske sammenhæng viser det modsatte.
Moreover, in the Court’s view, the lack of any possibility of recoupment of losses is not sucient to prevent the undertaking concerned reinforcing its dominant position, in particular following the withdrawal from the market of one or a number of its competitors, so that the degree of competition existing on the market, already weakened precisely because of the presence of the undertaking concerned, is further reduced and customers su¥er loss as a result of the limitation of the choices available to them.
Domstolen præciserede i®øvrigt, at Kommissionen ikke i®tilfælde af en overtrædelse begået af et datterselskab var forpligtet til først at kontrollere, om betingelserne for at holde moderselskabet ansvarligt var opfyldt.
In Case C-385/07 P Der Grüne Punkt — Duales System Deutschland v Commission (judgment of 16 July 2009), after noting that the reasonableness of the period for delivering judgment is to be appraised in the light of the circumstances speci¤c to each case, such as the complexity of the case and the conduct of the parties, the Court stated that, in the case of proceedings concerning infringement of competition rules, the fundamental requirement of legal certainty on which economic operators must be able to rely and the aim of ensuring that competition is not distorted in the internal market are of considerable importance not only for an applicant himself and his competitors but also for third parties, in view of the large number of persons concerned and the ¤nancial interests involved.
Hvad angår fastsættelsen af bødernes størrelse har Domstolen for det første fastslået, at et horisontalt priskartel vedrørende en så betydelig økonomisk sektor som banksektoren i®princippet ikke kan undgå at blive kvaliceret som en meget alvorlig overtrædelse uanset den sammenhæng, hvori®kartellet indgår.
Proceedings undertaking demanding a fee for the extremely widespread use of its logo, and having regard to the possible e¥ects of the outcome of that dispute, proceedings before the General Court which lasted approximately ¤ve years and 10 months, where that could not be justi¤ed by any of the particular circumstances of the case, whether it be the complexity of the dispute, the conduct of the parties or by supervening procedural matters raised by the parties, or the adoption by the General Court of measures of organisation of procedure, failed to have regard to the requirement that the case be dealt with within a reasonable time.
Domstolen præciserede videre, at ved vurderingen af overtrædelsens grovhed og i®modsætning til hvad sagsøgerne havde gjort gældende, havde Retten ikke blot taget hensyn til aftalens iværksættelse, men havde fastslået dennes konkrete indvirkning på markedet.
However, the Court stated that, although it is true that failure on the part of the General Court to adjudicate within a reasonable time constitutes a procedural irregularity, the ¤rst paragraph of Article 61 of the Statute of the Court must be interpreted and applied purposively.
Domstolen fandt endvidere, at i®forbindelse med fastsættelse af størrelsen af bøder betyder den omstændighed, at Kommissionen for at opdele de virksomheder, som spillede rollen som centrale institutter inden for en bankkoncern, i®forskellige kategorier, tog hensyn til markedsandelene for medlemmerne af gruppen, ikke, at de centrale institutter blev pålagt ansvar for sidstnævntes ulovlige adfærd.
Since there was nothing to suggest that the failure to adjudicate within a reasonable time may have had an e¥ect on the outcome of the dispute, the setting aside of the judgment under appeal would not have remedied the infringement of the principle of e¥ective legal protection committed by the General Court.
Der er tale om et skridt, der har til formål at sikre, at niveauet for de bøder, der pålægges de centrale institutter, på passende måde afspejler alvoren ved deres egen ulovlige adfærd.
In addition, having regard to the need to ensure that Community competition law is complied with, an appellant cannot be permitted to reopen the question of the existence of an infringement, on the sole ground that there was a failure to adjudicate within a reasonable time, where all of its pleas directed against the ¤ndings made by the General Court concerning that infringement and the administrative procedure relating to it have been rejected as unfounded.
Domstolen bemærkede endelig, at vedrørende størrelsen af bødenedsættelsen tilkommer det ikke Domstolen at sætte sin egen bedømmelse i®stedet for den, som Retten har foretaget under udøvelsen af sin fulde prøvelsesret.
Conversely, failure on the part of the General Court to adjudicate within a reasonable time can give rise to a claim for damages brought against the Community under Article 235 EC and the second paragraph of Article 288 EC.
På området for misbrug af dominerende stilling har Domstolen afsagt to væsentlige domme.
The case-law on State aid was also supplemented by various judgments.
Som følge af appel indbragt af France Télécom til prøvelse af Rettens dom af 30. januar 2007 (sag®T-340/03, France Télécom mod Kommissionen, Sml.
In Case C-319/07 P 3F v Commission (judgment of 9 July 2009), the Court, on appeal, had the opportunity to develop its case-law on actions for annulment in State aid cases where the action is brought by a third party who is not the recipient of the aid.