natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Desuden kan de effektive og relative tal for normal arbejdstid inden for et land og inden for forskellige sektorer -hvis gældende - specificeres i isolerede sæt af statistikker. Bortset fra dette er begrebet "normal" imidlertid irrelevant med hensyn til konkrete overvejelser af arbejdstid.
In addition, the effective and relative figures for normal working time within a country and within the various sectors - where applicable - can be specified in isolated sets of statistics.
Fagforeningsgruppen modsatte sig også på det stærkeste begrebet "tilbudt arbejdstid", der endnu i dag finder almindelig anvendelse, da det er et helt teoretisk begreb og kun besidder fiktiv karakter.
The trade unions' group was also strongly opposed to the notion of "working time offered",which is still commonly used today, as it is an absolutely theoretical concept and a merely artificial construction.
Dette begreb bør derfor ikke længer bruges på EØF-planet i fremtiden.
This concept should therefore no longer be used at EEC level in the future.
Udtrykket "betalt sygeferie" bruges på side 22 i rapporten; der kan afgjort ingen saglig begrundelse være for dette, da det kun kan dreje sig om betalte sygedage, fordi sygdom og ferie definitionsmæssigt gensidigt udelukker hinanden.
The term "paid sick leave" appears on page 23 of the report; this is definitely not objectively justified, as this can only be a matter of paid days of illness, because illness and leave are by definition mutually exclusive.
Det anbefales også, at der skelnes imellem betalte feriedage på den ene side og lovmæssige, offentlige helligdage på den anden side, eller at i det mindste en af disse størrelser udelukkes fra deres sum, fordi ferie fra den enkelte arbejders synspunkt på ingen måde kan sidestilles med offentlige helligdage.
It is also recommended that a distinction be drawn between paid days of leave on the one hand and legal public holidays on the other, or at least that one of these two magnitudes be excluded from their sum, because from the point of view of the individual worker leave can in no way be equated with public holidays.
Der er også indvendinger mod brugen af udtrykket "korte pauser", da disse kan betyde både de betalte spisepauser og de korte hvilepauser, der betales inden for aktivitetsperioden.
There are also objections to the use of the term "short breaks", as these may refer both to the paid meal break and to the brief rest periods paid within the period of activity.
Udtrykket "kort pause" kunne her medføre alvorlige misforståelser.
The term "short break" could give rise to serious misunderstandings here.
Det påpeges også, at begrebet "fravær" i forbindelse med tid kun dækker arbejdsgiverens synspunkt og overhovedet ikke belyser arbejderens stilling.
It is also pointed out that the concept "absence" in connection with time covers the point of view of the employer only and throws no light whatsoever on the worker's position.
Disse tilfælde repræsenterer sædvanligvis endnu kun aktiviteter, men disse er ikke direkte, kun inddirekte tilknyttet arbejdets fremgang.
These cases usually still represent activities, but these are not directly but only indirectly associated with the progress of work.
Hvor en arbejdstager f. eks. i adskillige uger sendes til uddannelse uden for bedriften, vil dette afgjort ikke komme under denne kategori.
For instance, where an employee is sent for outside training for a period of several weeks, this will certainly not come under this heading.
På den anden side udgør udannelsen af en tillidsmand eller anden arbejder af fagforeningen - uanset hvem der betaler - også en aktivitet for arbejderen, men betegnes afgjort som "anden betalt fraværsperiode". Der er mange andre lignende eksempler, såsom arbejde som lægdommer og andre politiske aktiviteter på samfundets vegne.
On the other hand, the training of a shop steward or other worker by the union -whoever funds it - also constitutes an activity for the worker, but is definitely referred to as "other paid period of absence".
Med hensyn til de andre kategorier i tabellen på side 22 er meget præcis diskussion påkrævet, angående hvorvidt og i hvilken udstrækning disse detaljer kan dækkes, og i hvilken form de skal dækkes enten enkeltvis eller gruppevis.
With regard to the other categories in the table on page 23, very precise discussion is necessary as to whether, and to what extent, these details can be covered, and in what form they are to be covered, whether individually or grouped together.
Dette krav stilles forsætlig ikke til Instituttet, da det ikke længer er et spørgsmål om forskningsproblemer, men om praktiske, politiske afgørelser, som Instituttet i praksis ikke længer kunne deltage i, medmindre det blev rådspurgt i dets egenskab af en ekspert.
This requirement is deliberately not addressed to the Foundation, as it is no longer a question of research problems but of practical preliminary political decisions, in which the Foundation could in practice no longer be involved, unless it were consulted in the capacity of an expert.
Denne harmonisering inkluderer naturligvis afgørelse af spørgsmålet om sammenlignelighed på de nationale og internationale planer; den indebærer imidlertid også identisk formulering af ensartet dækning af de principielle situationer i overensstemmelse med mulighederne, der eksisterer i de forskellige EØF-medlemsstater.
This harmonization naturally includes settlement of the matter of comparability at national and international level; however, it also involves identical formulation and uniform coverage of the principal situations in accordance with the possibilities existing in the various EEC Member States.
ILO-systemet anses for utilstrækkeligt (ILO specificerer kun en almindelig struktur, som man overlader til de enkelte lande at udfylde).
The ILO's system is considered inadequate (the ILO merely specifies a general framework, which it leaves to the individual countries to complete).
Denne metode kan og behøver afgjort ikke at blive brugt på EØF-planet, da omfanget af industrialisering inden for EØF er betydeligt større end på ILO-planet.
This method definitely cannot and need not be used at EEC level, as the degree of industrialization within the EEC is considerably greater than at ILO level.
Specielt ville dette betyde ikke blot gennemførel sen af kontinuerlige, periodiske undersøgelser af arbejdstid, men også af visse yderligere undersøgelser omfattende de særlige problemer for en speciel gruppe af personer, sektor eller arbejdsmetode.
Specifically, this would mean not only the conducting of continuous periodic surveys of working time but also that of certain additional surveys, covering the special problems of a specific group of persons, sector or working method.
Enkelthederne måtte nødvendigvis diskuteres mellem de ovennævnte grupper i tilknytning til Det statistiske Kontor for De europæiske Fællesskaber.
The details would have to be discussed among the groups mentioned above in conjunction with the Statistical Office of the European Communities.
COLLOQUIUM VEDRØRENDE OFFICIELLE STATISTIKKER OVER ARBEJDSTID -
COLLOQUIUM ON OFFICIAL STATISTICS ON WORKING TIME -
Afholdt i Dublin den 3. juni 1980
Held in Dublin on 3 June 1980
A. Almindelige overvejelser
General considerations
Arbejdsgivernes repræsentanter afholdt et gruppemøde, på hvilket de gennemgik og godkendte forhandlingsprotokollen for den 3. juni, idet man bemærkede, at seminarets emne var meget bredt og seminaret meget kort.
The employers' representatives held a group meeting, at which they reviewed, and approved, the proceedings of 3 June, while noting that the subject of the colloquium was very wide and the latter's duration very short.
Sidstnævnte kan kun anses for en begyndelse.
The colloquium of 3 June can only be considered as a beginning.
Arbejdsgiverne meddeler Det europæiske Institut og Det statistiske Kontor for De europæiske Fællesskaber, at de har brug for statistikker over arbejdstid.
The employers inform the European Foundation and the Statistical Office of the European Communities that they have a requirement for statistics on working time.
De anser det for vigtigt at have rådighed over: a) Et minimum sæt fælles definitioner; b) Et minimum sæt harmoniserede - dvs. sammenlignelige - data.
They consider it essential to have at their disposal: a) a minimum complement of common definitions; b) a minimum complement of harmonized - i.e., comparable - data.
Et første skridt fremad ville blive nået ved sammenligninger mellem medlemsstater, hvis statistikkerne over arbejdstid blev gjort mere præcise på det nationale plan.
An initial step forward would be achieved in comparisons between Member States if the statistics on working time were made more precise at national level.
Dette ville lette gensidig forståelse af statistikkerne.
This would facilitate mutual understanding of the statistics.
Udvikling af statistikker over arbejdstid nødvendiggøres så meget desto mere på et tidspunkt, hvor fagforeninger fremsætter krav inden for området af arbejdstidens strukturering.
Development of working time statistics is all the more necessary at this time of trade union demands in the field of the structuring of working time.
Vanskelige og uvisse meningsudvekslinger på dette område finder sted i mangel af tilstrækkeligt pålidelige, kvantitative data.
Difficult and uncertain exchanges of views take place on this subject, in the absence of sufficiently reliable quantitative data.
Rådighed over konkrete data ville give disse diskussioner nogen klarhed og gøre dem roligere - dvs. mindre subjektive.
The availability of concrete data would bring some clarity to these discussions and make them calmer - i.e., less subjective.
Arbejdsgivernes gruppe redegjorde først for kvaliteten af eksperternes arbejde og anlagde det synspunkt, at arbejde af denne tilsyneladende i det væsentlige beskrivende slags er vigtigt og er af værdi både som viden om situationerne i de undersøgte lande og som stimulans for eftertanke og forskning over de eksisterende statistiske værktøjer.
The employers' group first reviewed the quality of the experts' work, taking the view that, being apparently mainly descriptive, such work is important and is of value both for a knowledge of the respective situations obtaining in the countries examined and to stimulate reflection and research on the existing statistical tools.
Gruppen bemærkede imidlertid også, at på trods af eksperternes indsats på deres arbejde med at analysere de forskellige begreber, der bruges i hvert land, forbliver visse punkter endnu uklare og tillader ikke en tilstrækkelig præcis vurdering af de forskellige situationer, der faktisk eksisterer i de pågældende lande; vanskeligheden forværres somme tider af den kendsgerning, at de anvendte udtryk ikke synes at svare til de samme ideer i de forskelli ge lande, eller de vedrører situationer, der ikke eksisterer (eller menes ikke at eksistere) i nogle lande.
The group, however, also noted that despite the experts' efforts in their work of analysis of the various concepts used in each country, some points still remain ill-defined and do not allow a sufficiently precise appraisal of the various situations actually obtaining in the relevant countries; the difficulty is sometimes aggravated by the fact that the terms used do not seem to correspond to the same ideas in the different countries, or else they refer to situations which do not (or are thought not to) exist in some countries.
Uden helt at analysere rapporten i denne forbindelse kan nogle punkter ikke desto mindre anføres som eksempler.
Without fully analysing the report in this connection, some points may nevertheless be cited as examples.
Overtid, defineret som "ulønnet" i rapporten, kan i højere grad repræsentere en anderledes fortolkning end en realitet.
Overtime defined as "unpaid" in the report may represent more a difference of interpretation than a reality.
Skønt det er sandt, at lønmodta gere, der aflønnes på "engangsbasis", har en mere smidig og mindre reguleret arbejdstid end de andre, betyder dette ikke, når det kommer til stykket, at eventuel overtid, som de arbejder på uplanlagt basis, ikke lønnes, fordi begrebet "aflønning på engangsbasis" netop betegner et vederlag, der dækker al mulig arbejdstid inkluderende uplanlagt arbejdstid.
After all, while it is true that wage-earners paid on a "lump sum" basis have a more flexible and less controlled timetable than the others, this does not mean that any overtime they may happen to work on an unplanned basis is not paid, because the concept "lump sum basis" indicates precisely a remuneration covering all possible working time, including unplanned working time.
Der er derfor strengt taget ikke noget, der hedder ulønnet overtid for disse arbejdere, der aflønnes på engangsbasis i et land som Frankrig.
Strictly speaking, therefore, there is no such thing as unpaid overtime for these workers who are paid on a lump sum basis in a country like France.
teknisk klargøring af udstyr (samt visse afsluttende arbejder, såsom ladning af godsvogne eller lastbiler).
The term "preparation" may also cover two situations: (a) the individual preparation of the wage-earner, including, in particular, dressing and showering time, and (b) technical preparation of equipment (as well as certain finishing operations, such as the loading of wagons or lorries).
Personlig klargøring er normalt ikke inkluderet i arbejdstid;teknisk klargøring udgør en arbejdsperiode og betales naturligvis.
Individual preparation is not normally allowed for in working time; technical preparation constitutes a period of work and is, of course, paid for.
Udtrykket "pause" er også tvetydigt.
The term "break" is also ambiguous.
Længden af, hvad man kalder en pause, varierer i betydelig grad.
The length of what is called a "break" varies substantially.
I Frankrig f. eks. bruges dette udtryk især om pauser for en bid brød i forbindelse med skiftarbejde; pausen beløber sig da i almindelighed til ca. 30 minutter pr. dag eller 2\ time i en 5­dages arbejdsuge, så den gør en stor forskel, hvis den er eller ikke er inkluderet i arbejdstidens udregning.
In France, for instance, this term applies mainly to pauses for a snack in the case of shift work; the break then generally amounts to about 30 minutes per day, or 2% hours in a five-day working week, so that it makes a considerable difference if the break is or is not included in the calculation of working time.
Igen burde hvorvidt pausetiden betales på samme basis som arbejdstid ikke gøre nogen forskel på dens natur med hensyn til opfattelsen af arbejdstid.
Again, whether or not the break time is paid for on the same basis as working time ought not to make any difference to its nature in terms of the concept of working time.
Der vil ikke blive givet yderligere eksempler, men disse få punkter genspejler faktisk et ret stort antal uvisheder, som rapporten ikke bortvejrer; disse uvisheder stiller ikke nødvendigvis værdien af eksper­ternes arbejde i tvivl, men synes ofte at skyldes forskellene mellem de konkrete situationer, der eksisterer i de forskellige lande med hensyn til de mange aspekter af arbejdstid, samt forskellene i de betydninger, der tillægges ord og somme tider deres oversættelse fra land til land.
No further examples will be given, but these few points do reflect a fairly large number of uncertainties which the report fails to resolve; these uncertainties do not necessarily call into question the value of the experts' work, but often seem to be due to the differences between the concrete situations existing in the various countries as regards the many aspects of working time, as well as to differences in the meanings attributed to words and sometimes in their translation from country to country.
ville overvinde de vigtigste, nuværende vanskeligheder.
Given this complex situation, the employers' group considers that our ambitions cannot be other than very limited in this colloquium.
På den anden side synes gruppen, at det ville være lønsomt at gøre en indsats på en mere præcis definition af udtrykkene, der bruges i de enkelte landes statistik ker,med henblik på i størst muligt omfang at eliminere tvetydigheder; det er endvidere gruppens mening, at fyldestgørende information altid bør gives med hensyn til de konkrete punkter, som statistikkerne inkluderer og ikke inkluderer, da en beskrivelse i overensstemmelse med de i rapporten analyserede definitioner (effektiv arbejdstid, aflønnet tid, sædvanlig eller normal tid, etc.) ikke i sig selv er tilstrækkelig til at bestemme indholdet af arbejdstiden, som undersøgelserne specificerer.
In its view, the matter of new, additional statistics or important changes in existing statistics in the direction of standardization is not fundamental, because, in particular, this would not overcome the main difficulties obtaining at present. On the other hand, the group feels that it would be profitable to devote some attention to a more precise definition of the terms used in the statistics of each country, to eliminate ambiguities as far as possible; again, in the group's view, full information should always be given as to the concrete items included and excluded by the statistics, as a description in accordance with the definitions analysed in the report (effective working time, paid time, usual or normal time, etc.), by itself, is not enough to determine the content of the working time specified by the surveys.
For at være af fyldestgørende værdi mener gruppen, at disse punkter bør overvejes både på det stadium, da arbejdere eller firmaer udspørges, og på det stadium, da resultaterne offentliggøres.
To be of full value, the group feels that these points should be considered both at the stage of the questioning of firms or workers, to clarify their replies, and at the stage of publication of the results.
Arbejdsgivergruppen synes, at en indsats i denne retning kunne lette nationale og internationale sammenligninger og bidrage til at reducere risikoen for forskelle i anvendelsen og fortolkningen af resultaterne; dette ville også muliggøre mere nyttig anvendelse af statistikkerne som elementer af socialpolitik.
The employers' group feels that an effort in this direction might facilitate national and international comparisons and help to reduce the risk of differences in the utilization and interpretation of the results; this would allow statistics to be turned to greater account as elements of social policy.
Afholdt i Dublin den 3. juni, 1980
Held in Dublin on 3 June 1980
Colloquium vedrørende officielle statistikker over arbejdstid -metodikproblemer og afgrænsninger af sammenlignelighed Afholdt i Dublin den 3. juni, 1980. Regeringsgruppens evalueringsrapport
Methodological problems and delimitations of comparability
Regeringsrepræsentanterne diskuterede rapporten i almindelighed og isolerede nogle punkter, som man enedes om at kommentere på.
The government representatives discussed the report in a general way and isolated a number of points upon which agreed comment should be made.
Der var imidlertid almindelig enighed om, at de enkelte lande hver for sig skulle have lejlighed til at give skriftlige kommentarer til aspekter, der var af særlig interesse for dem, og som ville drage nytte af detaljerne i rapportens tillæg.
There was however, general agreement that each country should independently have the opportunity to comment in writing on aspects of particular Interest to them and which would draw upon the detail in the annexes to the report.
Man var desuden af den mening, at det ville have været mere nyttigt at have haft rapportens tillæg før colloquiet, så detaljer af afgørende enkeltheder kunne kontrolleres.
It was, furthermore, considered that it would have been more useful to have had the annexes to the report before the colloquium so that points of detail could be checked out.
Almindelige kommentarer anføres nedenfor i den rækkefølgejde forskellige punkter blev diskuteret.
General comments are given below in the order in which the various issues were discussed.
Nogle repræsentanter var af den mening, at virkningen af delvis arbejdsløshed på måling af arbejdstid ikke var tilstrækkeligt behandlet i rapporten.
A number of representatives were of the opinion that the effect on measurement of working time of partial unemployment was not adequately treated in the report.
Lande, der havde måttet lave særlige arrangementer for målingen af arbejds timer, hvor delvis arbejdsløshed var en faktor, var utilfredse med hensyn til international sammenlignelighed i denne henseende.
Countries who have had to make special provision for the measurement of hours worked, where partial unemployment was a factor, were concerned as to international comparability in this regard.
Yderligere under søgelse var påkrævet.
Some further investigation was required.
Rapporten betonede tilsyneladende i for høj grad et antal elementer af forholdsvis ringe betydning, f. eks. behandlingen af korte tepauser, vasketid og afslutningstid.
The report appeared to give undue emphasis to a number of elements of relatively minor importance e.g. the treatment of short tea-breaks, washing time, finishing time.
Det er desuden sandsynligvis ikke ret praktisk at tage ret meget hensyn til målingen af ubetalt overtid.
Very strict controls on the recording
Reaktion fra firmaer
Response from firms
En antal delegerede var af den mening, at det ville have været relevant at undersøge mere indgående, hvilke dele firmaer er i stand til at levere.
A number of delegates were of the opinion that it would have been relevant to examine in greater detail which items firms are able to supply.
Den kendsgerning, at definitioner er specificeret i undersøgelser, betyder ikke nødvendigvis, at de adspurgte kan imødekomme dem.
The fact that definitions are specified in surveys does not necessarily mean that respondents can comply with them.
Man mente desuden, at pålidelige data med større sandsynlighed ville være til rådighed for kortere perioder, ugentlig eller månedlig, snarere end årlig.
Furthermore, it was also felt that reliable data would be more likely to be available for shorter periods, weekly or monthly, rather than annually.
Det er ikke ofte, at firmaer skal udarbejde årlige tal til eget brug, og regeringsre præsentanter udtalte, at præcise tal af denne slags derfor ikke står til rådighed.
Firms do not often require to compile annual figures for their own purposes and government representatives stated that precise figures of this kind are not therefore available.
Da der indrømmes problemer med hensyn til data, der leveres fra firmaers administrative arkiver, kan der være en tendens til at foreslå, at statistik over arbejdstid især skulle baseres på personlige spørgeskemaer.
As there are some admitted problems in data supplied from administrative records of companies there may be a tendency to suggest that statistics on working time should be mainly based upon personal questionnaires.
Regerings repræsentanterne anser ikke en sådan slutning for at være gældende.
The Government representatives do not consider such a conclusion to be valid.
Hensyn til omkostninger er afgjort vigtige, men desuden er kontinuiteten af firmarapporters data værdifuld, og der bør gøres en yderligere indsats på at forstå disse data og, hvor nødvendigt, at berigtige dem i overensstemmelse med definitionernes principper.
Cost considerations are certainly important but in addition the continuity of company reported data is valuable and further efforts should be directed towards understanding these data and adjusting where necessary according to the principles of the definitions.
Ganske vist bør regelmæssige statistikker over arbejdstid fortsat være baseret på rapporter fra firmaer.
Certainly regular statistics of working time should continue to be based upon company reporting.
Data vedrørende de enkelte lande i rapportens tabeller
Data relating to individual countries in the tables of the report
Et antal repræsentanter var af den mening, at tabelopstillingen af behand lingen af overtid i visse henseender var misvisende. Et problem var for tolkningen af ordet "overtid".
A number of representatives considered that the tabulation of the treat ment of overtime was misleading in some respects.
I nogle lande kunne dette betyde tid, der blev arbejdet ud over lovmæssige normer eller ud over 'en"normal" arbejdsuge.
In some countries this