natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
3) Artikel 3 i direktiv 77/187 er til hinder for, at erhververen tilbyder arbejdstagerne ved en enhed, der er blevet overført, mindre fordelagtige betingelser for førtidig pensionering end dem, overdrageren anvendte på dem, og at disse arbejdstagere accepterer de nævnte betingelser, når betingelserne ene og alene ertilpasset de betingelser, der fandt anvendelse på erhververens andre arbejdstagere på tidspunktet for overførslen, medmindre de af overdrageren tidligere anvendte mere fordelagtige betingelser fulgte af en kollektiv overenskomst, der — under hensyn tildei direktivets artikel 3, stk 2, nævnte betingelser — ikke længere ifølge loven finder anvendelse på arbejdstagerne ved den overførte enhed
Consequently, in the dispute in the main proceedings, if, at the time the employees of Redwood College accept early retirement on terms other than those laid down by section 46 of the GWC conditions of service, the collective agreement giving rise to that provision has, as a matter of national law, ceased to apply to them, they lose the right laid down by that section.
4) Når en erhverver under tilsidesættelse af ufravigelige retsgrundsætninger i artikel 3 i direktiv 77/187 har tilbudt arbejdstagerne ved den overførte enhed en mindre fordelagtig førtidig pensionering end den, som de inden for rammerne af deres arbejdsforhold med overdrageren kunne få ret til, og når arbejdstagerne har accepteret en sådan førtidig pensionering, påhviler det erhververen at yde arbejdstagerne den nødvendige kompensation, således at der tilvejebringes de betingelser for førtidig pensionering, der gjaldt inden for rammerne af arbejdsforholdet med overdrageren.*
By its ninth question, the Employment Tribunal asks, in a situation where Article 3 of the directive precludes the transferee from offering employees of the entity transferred an early retirement less favourable than that to which they were entitled under their employment relationship with the transferor, what are the consequences for those employees who have nevertheless accepted early retirement on the less favourable basis.
Generaladvokat S. Alber fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Sjette Afdeling) den 17. juni 2003.
The Court finds that it was for the transferee to make good the consequences of its actions by ensuring that its former employees were accorded early retirement on the terms to which they were entitled.
Præjudiciel »Arbejdskraftensfrie bevægelighed - EF-traktatens artikel 48 (efter ændring nu artikel 39 EF) — begrebet »arbejdstager* — en fra starten aftalt tidsbegrænset ansættelseskontrakt — opretholdelse af status som »arbejdstager* efter ansættelseskontraktens ophør — betingelser for tildeling af sociale fordele i artikel 7, stk 2, i forordning (EØF) nr. 1612/68's forstand — uddannelsesstøtte* (Sjette Afdeling)
Article 3 of that directive is to be interpreted as meaning that obligations arising upon the grant of such early retirement, arising from a contract of employment, an employment relationship or a collective agreement binding the transferor as regards the employees concerned, are transferred to the transferee subject to the conditions and limitations laid down by that article, regardless of the fact that those obligations derive from statutory instruments or are implemented by such instruments and regardless of the practical arrangements adopted for such implementation.
Ved kendelse af 13. september 2001 har Verwaltungsgerichtshof forelagt to præjudicielle spørgsmål om fortolkningen af EF-traktatens artikel 48 (efter ændring nu artikel 39 EF).
Article 3 of Directive 77/187 precludes the transferee from offering the employees of a transferred entity terms less favourable than those offered to them by the transferor in respect of early retirement, and those employees from accepting those terms, where those terms are merely brought into line with the terms offered to the transferee's other employees at the time of the transfer, unless the more favourable terms previously offered by the transferor arose from a collective agreement which is no longer legally binding on the employees of the entity transferred, having regard to the conditions set out in Article 3(2).
Ud over at tage imod betalinger havde hun ligeledes ansvar for lageret samt indkøb og opmagasinering af de tilbudte varer.
Advocate General S. Alber delivered his Opinion at the sitting of the Sixth Chamber on 17 June 2003.
I marts 1996 begyndte hun således studier i romanske sprog og litteratur med speciale i italiensk og fransk ved universitet i Klagenfurt (Østrig).
He proposed that there should be no answer to the fifth question referred and that the Court should answers the remaining questions as follows:
Verwaltungsgerichtshof har under henvisning til Domstolens praksis vedrørende traktatens artikel 48 og artikel 7, stk. 2, i forordning nr. 1612/68 anført, at det først og fremmest må afgøres, om Franca Ninni-Orasche har opnået status som arbejdstager.
(2) Early retirement benefits and benefits intended to enhance the conditions of such retirement, paid in the event of dismissal to employees who have reached a certain age, such as the benefits at issue in the main proceedings, are not old-age, invalidity or survivors' benefits under supplementary company or inter-company pension schemes within the meaning of Article 3(3) of Directive 77/187.
Det er i lyset af disse retlige og faktiske omstændigheder, at Verwaltungsgerichtshof har besluttet at udsætte sagen og at forelægge Domstolen to præjudicielle spørgsmål.
(3) On a proper construction of Article 3 of Directive 77/187, the obligations applicable in the event of the dismissal of an employee, arising from a contract of employment, an employment relationship or a collective agreement binding the transferor as regards that employee, are transferred to the transferee subject to the conditions and limitations laid down by that article, regardless of the fact that those obligations derive from statutory instruments or are implemented by such instruments and regardless of the practical arrangements adopted for such implementation.
Med det første spørgsmål ønsker den forelæggende ret for det første oplyst, om en tidsbegrænset beskæftigelse på toenhalv måned, der udføres af en borger i en medlemsstat på en anden medlemsstats område, hvis statsborgerskab vedkommende ikke har, kan give vedkommende status som arbejdstager i traktatens artikel 48's forstand, og for det andet, om omstændigheder, der ligger forud for og efter beskæftigelsesperioden er relevante i denne sammenhæng, såsom den omstændighed, at vedkommende:
(5) Articles 3(1) and/or 3(2) of Directive 77/187 preclude the transferee of an undertaking from offering transferred employees the option of taking early retirement on the basis of early retirement benefits that are less beneficial than those to which they are entitled under the Directive, if the transferor could not have made such a change and if it is a result of the transfer of the undertaking as such.
— kort tid efter ophøret af sit kortvarige, tidsbegrænsede ansættelsesforhold, ved en eksamen i sit hjemland har erhvervet de nødvendige kvalifikationer for adgang til et universitetsstudium i værtsmedlemsstaten, eller
(6) The fact that the transferee states that he cannot offer early retirement benefits in future is to be taken into account in the context of the assessment of all the circumstances of the individual case, in order to determine whether the transfer was a reason for the change.
— i tidsmæssig tilknytning til det kortvarige, tidsbegrænsede ansættelsesforhold indtil påbegyndelsen af sit studium har gjort sig anstrengelser for at finde et nyt arbejde.
(7) Whether the transfer of an undertaking is the reason for a change must be assessed in the light of all the circumstances of the individual case.
Det bemærkes, at den omstændighed, at en lønnet beskæftigelse er kortvarig, udelukker ikke i sig selv beskæftigelsen fra traktatens artikel 48's anvendelsesområde.
Proximity of the change to the transfer of the undertaking, adaptation of conditions to bring them into line with the conditions of employment of the employees already employed before the transfer of the undertaking or proposed legal changes with implications for the distribution of the financial burden of early retirement rules can be indications which should be taken into account in assessing whether the transfer of an undertaking was the sole or main reason for a change.
For at blive anset for arbejdstager skal en person dog udøve en reel og faktisk beskæftigelse, som ikke er af så ringe omfang, at den fremtræder som rent marginal og supplerende.
(8) Provided that the change in conditions of employment is permissible under national law and the transfer of the undertaking is not the reason, or at least not the main reason, for the change, the agreement between employee and employer to vary conditions of employment is valid.'
Med sit andet spørgsmål ønsker den forelæggende ret nærmere bestemt oplyst, om en fællesskabsborger, såsom sagsøgeren i hovedsagen, forudsat at vedkommende har status som vandrende arbejdstager i traktatens artikel 48's forstand, er frivilligt arbejdsløs i den forstand, hvori dette udtryk er anvendt i den relevante del af Domstolens praksis, alene som følge af, at den pågældendes ansættelseskontrakt — som fra starten var tidsbegrænset — ophører.
Preliminary ruling (Freedom of movement for workers —Article 48 of the EC Treaty (now, after amendment, Article 39 EC) — Concept of worker - Contract of employment of a short term fixed in advance — Retention of the status of worker after end of employment contract — Conditions for the grant of social advantages within the meaning of Article 7(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 - Study finance) (Sixth Chamber)
Det er i denne forbindelse vigtigt at understrege, at det forhold alene, at en ansættelseskontrakt fra starten er indgået for en begrænset periode, ikke nødvendigvis kan føre til den konklusion, at når den pågældende kontrakt udløber, er vedkommende arbejdstager frivilligt arbejdsløs.
By order of 13 September 2001, the Verwaltungsgerichtshof (Administrative Court) (Austria) referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling two questions on the interpretation of Article 48 of the EC Treaty (now, after amendment, Article 39 EC).
Det skal yderligere tilføjes, at inden for rammerne af denne vurdering skal det for det første ligeledes tages i betragtning, at sagsøgeren i hovedsagen forekommer at være indrejst i værtsmedlemsstaten ikke kun med det formål for øje dér at nyde fordel af støtteordningen for studerende, men for dér at leve sammen med sin ægtefælle, der er borger i denne stat, og for det andet, at hun har lovligt ophold i værtsmedlemsstaten.
It is apparent from the order for reference that the appellant in the main proceedings, Mrs Ninni-Orasche, is an Italian national who has been married to an Austrian since 18 January 1993.
•1) En tidsbegrænset beskæftigelse på toenhalv måned, der udføres af en borger i en medlemsstat på en anden medlemsstats område, hvis statsborgerskab vedkommende ikke har, kan give vedkommende status som arbejdstager i traktatens artikel 48's forstand (efter ændring nu artikel 39 EF), for så vidt som beskæftigelsen ikke har en marginal og supplerende karakter.
That permit conferred on her the right to take up and pursue activities as an employed or a self-employed person in the territory of Austria under the same conditions as a national worker.
Det tilkommer den forelæggende ret at foretage den nødvendige vurdering af de faktiske omstændigheder med henblik på at afgøre, om det er tilfældet i den sag, som er blevet indbragt for den.
From 6 July to 25 September 1995, Mrs Ninni-Orasche was employed in Austria for a fixed term as a waitress authorised to act as cashier in an Austrian catering company.
Omstændigheder, der tigger forud f or og efter beskæftigelsesperioden, såsom den omstændighed, at vedkommende: først flere år efter sin indrejse i værtsmedlemsstaten udførte denne beskæftigelse
Aside from her duties as cashier, she was also responsible for stocks of goods and for the ordering and storage of goods offered for sale. On 16 October 1995, she successfully sat, in Italy, an examination completing a course of secondary school studies
kort tid efter ophøret af sit kortvarige, tidsbegrænsede ansættelsesforhold, ved en eksamen i sit hjemland har erhvervet de nødvenalge kvalifikationer for adgang til et universitetsstudium i værtsmedlemsstaten, eller i tidsmæssig tilknytning til det kortvarige, tidsbegrænsede ansættelsesforhold indtil påbegyndelsen af sit studium har gjort sig anstrengelser for at finde et nyt arbejde er uden relevans i den forbindelse.
Between October 1995 and March 1996, Mrs Ninni-Orasche sought employment in Austria corresponding to her education and professional experience by sending unsolicited applications to hotels and a bank without success. In March 1996, she therefore began studying romance languages and literature, specialising in Italian and French, at the University of Klagenfurt (Austria).
En fællesskabsborger, såsom sagsøgeren i hovedsagen, forudsat at vedkommende har status som vandrende arbejdstager i traktatens artikel 48's forstand, er frivilligt arbejdsløs i den forstand, hvori dette udtryk er anvendt i den relevante del af Domstolens praksis, alene som følge af, at den pågældendes ansættelseskontrakt — som fra starten var tidsbegrænset — ophører.*
The Verwaltungsgerichtshof takes the view that, in light of the case-law of the Court relating to Article 48 of the Treaty and Article 7(2) of Regulation No 1612/68, it should, first of all, be determined whether Mrs Ninni-Orasche has acquired the status of a worker.
Generaladvokat L.A Geelhoed fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Sjette Afdeling) den 27. februar 2003.
It was against this legal and factual background that the Verwaltungsgerichtshof decided to stay proceedings and to refer a number of questions to the Court for a preliminary ruling.
Sag C-434/01 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Det Forenede Kongerige Storbritannien og Nordirland Miljø- og forbrugerbeskyttelse
By its first question, the national court is essentially asking, first, whether the fact that a national of a Member State has worked for a temporary period of two and a half months in the territory of another Member State, of which he is not a national, can confer on him the status of a worker within the meaning of Article 48 of the Treaty and, second, whether circumstances preceding and subsequent to that period of employment, such as the fact that the person concerned:
»Traktatbrudssøgsmål — direktiv 92/43/EØF — bevaring af naturtyper — vilde dyr og planter* (Sjette Afdeling)
— attempted to find a new job in the period between the end of the short, fixed-term employment relationship and the time when he took up his studies, are relevant in that regard.
Ved stævning indleveret til Domstolens Justitskontor den 9. november 2001 har Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber anlagt sag med påstand om, at det fastslås, at Det Forenede Kongerige Storbritannien og Nordirland har tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til Rådets direktiv 92/43/EØF af 21. maj 1992, idet det ikke har sikret sig, at direktivets artikel 12 og 16 overholdes på dets område.
It must be held that the fact that employment is of short duration cannot, in itself, exclude that employment from the scope of Article 48 of the Treaty.
Kommissionen, der i sin replik har begrænset sagens genstand, har kritiseret Det Forenede Kongerige for ikke at have indført en ordning, hvorved det sikres, at de kompetente myndigheder i tilfælde af, at der meddeles tilladelse til at byggemodne områder, hvor der lever beskyttede arter, såsom salamanderarten
In order to be treated as a worker, a person must nevertheless pursue an activity which is effective and genuine, to the exclusion of activities on such a small scale as to be regarded as purely marginal and accessory.
Til støtte for sin argumentation har Kommissionen henvist til en skrivelse af 25. oktober 2000, som Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions har sendt til en klager. I denne skrivelse påstås det, at den kompetente myndighed, når den skal give dispensation fra den strenge beskyttelsesordning, tager hensyn til, at de lokale myndigheder har besluttet at godkende byggemodningen.
By its second question, the national court is essentially asking whether a Community national such as the appellant in the main proceedings, where he has the status of a migrant worker for the purposes of Article 48 of the Treaty, is voluntarily unemployed, within the meaning established by the relevant case-law of the Court, solely because his contract of employment, from the outset concluded for a fixed term, has expired.
I det foreliggende tilfælde må det konstateres, at det ikke fremgår af skrivelsen af 25. oktober 2000, at de centrale myndigheder giver dispensation fra den strenge beskyttelsesordning, der er fastsat i direktivets artikel 12, stk. 1, uden at kontrollere, om betingelserne i direktivets artikel 16, stk. 1, litra c), er opfyldt, hvilket i øvrigt heller ikke fremgår af nogen af de andre sagsakter.
When examining whether the unemployment of the appellant in the main proceedings is voluntary or involuntary, the national court may, in particular, take account of circumstances such as practices in the relevant sector of economic activity, the chances of finding employment in that sector which is not fixedterm, whether there is an interest in entering into only a fixed-term employment relationship or whether there is a possibility of renewing the contract of employment.
Da Kommissionen således ikke har ført bevis for, at Det Forenede Kongerige har tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til det pågældende direktiv, må Det Forenede Kongerige frifindes.
Moreover, when carrying out that examination, account should also be taken of the fact that the appellant in the main proceedings appears to have entered the host Member State not with the sole aim of benefiting from the system of student assistance in that State but in order to live there with her husband, who is a national of that State, and of the fact that she is lawfully resident there.
Generaladvokat A Tizzano fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Sjette Afdeling) den 3. juli 2003.
The fact that a national of a Member State has worked for a temporary period of two and a half months in the territory of another Member State, of which he is not a national, can confer on him the status of a worker within the meaning of Article 48 of the EC Treaty (now, after amendment, Article 39 EC) provided that the activity performed as an employed person is not purely marginal and ancillary.
Præjudiciel »Sjette momsdirektiv — artikel 21, nr. 1, litra c) — afgiftspligtige personer —person, der anfører afgiften på en faktura — afgift, der fejlagtigt er erlagt af en ikke-afgiftspligtig person og anført på en af denne udstedt faktura* (Sjette Afdeling)
A Community national such as the appellant in the mam proceedings, where he has the status of a migrant worker for the purposes of Article 48 of the Treaty, is not necessarily voluntarily unemployed, within the meaning established by the relevant case-law of the Court, solely because his contract of employment, from the outset concluded for a fixed term, has expired.'
Maria Karageorgou blev ved afgørelse nr. F.09323 af 12. april 1988 fra Udenrigsministeriets generalsekretær udnævnt til oversætter fra græsk til engelsk med henblik på at arbejde for dette ministeriums oversættelseskontor.
'(1) Status as a worker within the meaning of Article 48 of the EC Treaty (now Article 39 EC) is not precluded by the fact that an activity was pursued for a period of only two and a half months on a temporary contract if it is established that an effective and genuine activity was pursued.
Efter at hun til chefen for Dimosia Oikonomiki Ypiresia (afgiftskontoret) i Cholargos (Grækenland) (herefter »DOY«) for denne virksomhed havde indgivet foreløbige afgiftsangivelser og en momsangivelse for regnskabsåret 1992, tilbagekaldte hun angivelserne ved begæring registreret under j.nr. 22240 af 29. december 1994 og krævede tilbagebetaling af den moms, som hun med urette havde betalt.
(2) A national of another Member State who commences university studies in the host Member State, having carried on an occupational activity there, may rely on Article 7(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 of the Council of 15 October 1968 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community only where there is a substantive relationship between her previous occupational activity in the host Member State and the subsequent course of study, or following involuntary unemployment, the conditions on the employment market in the host Member State oblige her to undertake occupational retraining in another field of activity.
Maria Karageorgou har til støtte for påstanden om tilbagekaldelse gjort gældende, at hun havde indgivet de omhandlede angivelser på grund af en retsvildfarelse, eftersom hun ikke var momspligtig for de indtægter, som hun oppebar i forbindelse med sit oversættelsesarbejde.
Whether there is a substantive relationship between the previous occupational activities and the subsequent course of study, or whether there is involuntary unemployment, and whether the conditions on the employment market indicate that retraining is necessary to carry on another occupational activity, must be deduced from the objective circumstances of the case.
Maria Karageorgou har i sin begæring gjort gældende, at hun stod i et arbejdstager-arbejdsgiverforhold til Udenrigsministeriet med hensyn til hendes arbejdsvilkår og honorarer, idet hun dels ikke selv fastsatte sit honorar, dels var Udenrigsministeriet ansvarlig over for tredjemand for hendes handlinger og undladelser som oversætter.
(3) Articles 12 and 17 EC grant to EU nationals who have resided lawfully for a considerable time as economically non-active citizens in the territory of another Member State and have commenced university studies there, a right to study finance under the same conditions as those which apply to nationals of the host Member State.
Hun har desuden gjort gældende, at den moms, der for 1992 er opkrævet i henhold til hendes angivelser, ikke er blevet væltet over på forbrugerne (idet beløbet hverken er blevet opkrævet af hende eller af Udenrigsministeriet hos de privatpersoner eller juridiske personer, som bruger oversættelserne), hvorfor beløbene er en del af hendes honorar og ikke en afgift.
Inequality of treatment can be justified only if it is based on objective considerations independent of the nationality of the persons concerned and is proportionate to the legitimate aim of the national provisions.'
Præsidenten for Dioikitiko Protodikeio Athinon (forvaltningsret i første instans, Athen) (Grækenland) gav ved dom nr. 275/1995 Maria Karageorgou medhold og tog påstanden om tilbagekaldelse af de af de indgivne momsangivelser for 1992 til følge, annullerede afslaget fra chefen for DOY i Cholargos og bestemte, at det beløb, som hun havde betalt, skulle tilbagebetales til hende.
By application lodged at the Court Registry on 9 November 2001, the Commission of the European Communities brought an action for a declaration that, by not ensuring the observance in its territory of Articles 12 and 16 of Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland has failed to fulfil its obligations under that directive.
Elliniko Dimosio appellerede dommen til Dioikitiko Efeteio Athinon, idet den ligesom i første instans bl.a. gjorde gældende, at Maria Karageorgou uanset karakteren af hendes arbejde i medfør af bestemmelsen i artikel 28, stk. 1, litra d), i lov nr. 1642/1986 var forpligtet til at betale den omtvistede afgift, eftersom hun havde anført afgiften på de kvitteringer, hun havde udstedt i den omhandlede periode.
The Commission, which reduced, in its reply, the subject-matter of the action, maintains that the United Kingdom has failed to put in place a system guaranteeing that, if planning permission is granted to develop sites on which live protected species, such as the Great crested newt, the appropriate authorities comply with the conditions laid down in Article 16(l)(c) of the Directive for the grant of a derogation.