natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
35 og 26 pet. svarede bekræftende herpå), mens færre af de fag lærte (15 pet.) og endnu færre af de selvstændige (8 pet.) angav, at de glædede sig.
It was principally the whitecollar workers and the unskilled workers who were looking forward to retirement on a pension (35 per cent and 26 per cent respectively gave positive answers), whilst fewer skilled workers (15 per cent) and even fewer still of the selfemployed (8 per cent) said that they were looking forward to it.
At et flertal af erhvervsaktive mænd ikke glæder sig til at kunne holde op med at arbejde, kan nok forkla res på flere måder. En af grundene kan være den, at de ikke føler,
There are a number of ways in which the fact that the majority of men in gainful employment are not looking forward to being able to give up work can be explained.
31 at de har noget at se frem til som pensionist.
One reason may be a feeling that they will have nothing to aim for as a pensioner.
På et spørgs mål herom bekræftede således to trediedele af de erhvervsaktive mænd, at de ikke havde noget at glæde sig til, hvilket harmo nerer ganske godt med, at tre femtedele af de tilbagetrukne ikke kunne angive noget bestemt, de var glade for i deres pensionist tilværelse.
When questioned on this, two thirds of men in gainful employment confirmed that they had nothing to look forward to, which harmonizes quite well with the fact that three fifths of those who had retired could not find anything in particular with which they were content in their life as pensioners.
Man spurge også om, hvilke ting de erhvervsaktive mænd mente, de ville komme til at savne, når de holdt op med at arbejde, men der fandtes ikke sammenhænge af nogen betydning mel lem sådanne angivelser og indstillingen til tilbagetrækningen.
The men in gainful employment were also asked about the things they would miss once they had left work, although no significant links were found between the replies and the attitudes to retirement.
Det synes således som om, det at have noget at se frem til efter tilbagetrækningen (og her blev først og fremmest nævnt hus, have og diverse fritidsinteresser, dernæst glæden ved at slippe for arbejdets forpligtelser samt det at kunne være mere sammen med familien og at kunne rejse) har større betydning for en positiv indstilling til tilbagetrækningen end hvilke ting ved arbejdet, man mente ville blive savnet.
It would appear, therefore, that having something to look forward to after retirement (the things mentioned in this context in descending order of importance, were the house, the garden and various leisure activities; the relief at being rid of the obligations imposed by work; and the freedom to spend more time with the family and to travel) is of greater importance for a positive attitude to retirement than any of the aspects of their work that the respondents thought they might miss.
Således angav omkring to tredie dele af de erhvervsaktive mænd med en positiv indstilling, at de havde noget at se frem til, mens det blandt de øvrige (dvs. de, der ikke havde en positiv indstilling til det, at gå på pension) kun var en fjerdedel, der havde noget at se frem til, når de blev pensionerede.
Thus, about two thirds of those men in gainful employment with a positive attitude said that they did have something to look forward to, whereas of the others (i.e. those without a positive attitude to retirement on a
Man spurgte også de tilbagetrukne mænd om der var noget, de sav nede ved deres tidligere arbejde. Ca.
- 37 - pension) only one quarter said that they had something to look forward to once they retired.
blandt de 62-66 årige til 40 pet. blandt de 70-74 årige og 50 pet. blandt de 80+ årige. Det kan godt virke overraskende, at så
About 40 per cent of all those aged more than 62 said that they missed nothing; this number increased in proportion to age, from 20 per cent amongst those aged from 62 to 66, to 40 per cent amongst those aged from 70 to 74, and 50 per cent amongst those aged 80 and above.
32 mange gamle stadig føler, at de savner noget ved ikke at gå på arbejde.
It may appear surprising that so many of the older men still feel that they are missing something by not going to work.
Det viste sig især at være selve arbejdet og følelsen af, at være til nytte, man savnede som 80+ årig, mens lønnen savnedes i stigende grad, jo yngre aldersgrupper, der var tale om. (SFI 105, s. 283).
It emerged that what those aged 80 and above were missing was the work itself and the feeling of being useful, whereas the wage was missed by the others, and increasingly so the younger the age group concerned (SFI 105, page 283).
En undersøgelse foretaget i 1975 af et af de største danske fag forbund, Handels- og kontorfunktionærernes forbund, der tæller mellem 10 og 15 pet. af samtlige lønmodtagere, har ligeledes be lyst erhvervsaktives indstilling til den kommende pensionist tilværelse.
A survey conducted in 1975 by one of the largest Danish trade unions, the 'Handels- og kontorfunktionærernes forbund' (Association of commercial and office workers), which has between 10 and 15 per cent of all wageearners as members, also shed light on the attitudes of those in gainful employment towards life as a pensioner.
Her har man, i modsætning til Socialforskningsinsti tuttet, haft tilstrækkeligt materiale til også at kunne inddrage kvinderne.
Unlike the survey conducted by the 'Socialforskningsinstituttet' (Institute for Social Research), in this case sufficient data were also available to permit women to be included.
Resultaterne vedrører dog kun forbundets medlemmer, der alle er eller har været ansat på funktionærvilkår indenfor handels- og kontorfagene.
However, the results concern only members of the Association, all of whom are now or have been employed as whitecollar workers in commercial undertakings and offices.
Man fandt her, at ca. en femtedel af de erhvervsaktive kvinder på 55 år eller mere så frem til at kunne holde op med at arbejde, mens det for mændenes vedkommende drejede sig om en trediedel.
It was found that about one fifth of women in gainful employment aged 55 or more were looking forward to being able to give up work, whilst the same feeling was shared by one third of the men.
Halvdelen af kvinderne og en trediedel af mændene sagde, at de ikke kunne lide tanken om at trække sig tilbage.
Half of the women and one third of the men said that they disliked the idea of retiring.
Taget under ét var der kun 7 pet. af de erhvervsaktive, der fandt at arbejdet var en belastning, som de gerne ville slippe for, men dette hæn ger til en vis grad sammen med, at der er tale om en erhvervs gruppe, der ikke som så mange andre er udsat for fysisk hårdt ar bejde.
Taken on the whole, only 7 per cent of those in gainful employment found work to be a burden which they would like to be rid of, although this has to do to a certain extent with the fact that this group of employees is less exposed to physically demanding work than a good many other groups.
33 er en langt stærkere tendens til at arbejde på deltid, end der er blandt mændene.
Of the pensioners, the proportion of the men who were pleased that they nc longer had to go to work was larger than that of the women (57 and 43 per cent respectively).
Yderligere fandt man, at de der havde fritids interesser og -faciliteter som f. eks. have, sommerhus etc. i højere grad så frem til pensionisttilværelsen end de, for hvem dette ikke var tilfældet (HK-ældreundersøgelsen).
It also emerged that those who had leisure interests ar.d facilities, such as a garden or summer house, etc., were looking forward to retirement much more than those who had no such interests (HK-ældre-undersøgelsen).
Også de ældres ønsker m.h.t. overgangen mellem arbejdsliv og pensionisttilværelse er blevet belyst.
The wishes of old people in respect of the transition from working life to retirement was also investigated.
Mange ældre frygter den bratte overgang, hvor de fra den ene dag til den anden mister kontakten til deres arbejdsplads.
Many old people are afraid of the abrupt change-over which will cause them to lose contact with their place of work overnight.
Det må derfor antages, at en mere gradvis tilbagetrækning, hvor den ældre lidt efter lidt kunne frigøre sig fra arbejdet, i mange tilfælde ville være en mere hensigtsmæssig løsning på tilbagetrækningsproblemet.
It must be assumed, therefore, that a more gradual process of retirement which would allow an old person to give up work in stages would in many cases offer a much more acceptable solution to the retirement problem.
I SFI's ældreundersøgelse fandt man, at 60 pet. af de 50-66 årige ville være interesserede i en gradvis overgang til pensionisttilværel sen på den måde, at man fra det 60. år havde mulighed for indivi duelt at kombinere deltidsarbejde og deltidspension efter ønske og arbejdsevne.
The survey amongst old people conducted by the SFI revealed that 60 per cent of those aged between 50 and 66 would be interested in some form of progressive transition to retired status involving the individual having the opportunity, from his or her 60th birthday, to combine parttime work and parttime retirement in accordance with his personal preference and his capacity for work.
Af HK-undersøgelsen fremgik det, at mere end halv delen af de erhvervsaktive 55+ årige funktionærer ønskede arbejds- lettelser som overgang til det totale arbejdsophør.
The HK survey revealed that more than half of the whitecollar workers aged 55 and above in gainful employment would prefer to see their jobs become increasingly light in nature in conjunction with their progression towards stopping work entirely.
Her var det først og fremmest en kortere arbejdstid, interessen samlede sig om både hos kvinder og mænd, men også muligheden for at overgå til mindre krævende arbejde var ønskeligt for en del mænd.
The principal wish was for a shorter working week amongst both men and women, as well as the possibility of switching to less demanding work for a number of men.
40%, mens kun 16% havde næret direkte bekymring ved tanken om at gå på pension.
As will be appreciated from Table 6.1, the majority of respondents (a good 40%) were looking forward to retirement with anticipation, whereas only 16% had experienced direct concern at the thought of taking a pension.
17% mente, de havde næret både forventning og be­ kymring, og 25% havde ikke tænkt nærmere over det.
17% stated that they had experienced both anticipation and concern, and 25% had not given any detailed thought to the matter.
Pensionerede lønmodtagere fordelt efter holdning til tilbagetrækning. n=505.
Pensioned wage-earners, distributed according to attitude to retirement, n - 505.
// både forventning og bekymring bekymring tænkte ikke på det
/Γ» concern haven't thought about it
Pensionerede lønmodtagere fordelt efter holdning til tilbage trækningen samt efter køn. Pet.
Pensioned wage-earners, distributed according to attitude to retirement and by sex.
Både forventning og bekymring
Both anticipation and concern
Tænkte ikke på det
Not thought about it
Det var især de, der boede i landområderne, der havde næret be kymring for den fremtidige pensionisttilværelse, idet ca. 23% af disse mod ca. 15% i provinsbyerne og ca. 13% i hovedstadsområ det gav udtryk herfor.
The greatest concern about their future life as pensioners was shown by persons living in rural areas, with concern being expressed by about 23% of such persons compared with about 15% in the provincial towns and about 13% in the Copenhagen region.
Omvendt var der forholdsvis flest i hoved stadsområdet, der havde glædet sig til at holde op med at arbej de (jfr. tabel 6.3.).
Conversely, the largest number who were looking forward to stopping work were to be found in the Copenhagen area (cf. Table 6.3).
Pensionerede lønmodtagere fordelt efter holdning til tilbagetrækningen samt efter urbanisering. Pet.
Pensioned wage-earners, distributed according to attitude to retirement and according to living area.
Bekymring
Not thought about it
Forventningen havde tilsyneladende været størst hos de, der hav de trukket sig tilbage tidligst.
The degree of anticipation appeared to be greatest amongst those who had retired earliest.
51% af de, der holdt op mellem 56 og 60 år, næret forventning, mod 43% af de der holdt op mellem 61 og 65 år og 31% af de se nest pensionerede.
As may be appreciated from Table 6.4, 51% of those v > ho stopped working at the age of between 56 and 60 years had looked forward to the event, as against 43% of those who had stopped working at the age of between 61 and 65 years and 31% of those who had taken their pension at the last possible time.
Pensionerede lønmodtagere fordelt efter holdning til tilbage trækningen. Pet.
Pensioned wage-earners, distributed according to attitude to retirement.
Mellem 61 og 65 år
Between 56 and où years
Mellem 56 og 60 år
Between 61 and o5 years
Mellem 66 og 70 år
Between bo and 70 years
Pensionerede lønmodtagere fordelt efter holdning til tilbage trækningen samt efter civilstand, særskilt for mænd og kvinder. Pet.
The same tendency was observed in both men and women, although comparatively fewer women than men - even when marital status is taken into consideration - felt a sense of anticipation towards retirement.
Både forventning og bekymring m k
Anticipation m w
Bekymring m k
142 65 m w
Tænkte ikke på det m k
Both anticipation and concern
Tænkte ikke på det m k
Unskilled skilled
Information og forberedelse.
Both anticipa m tion and concern w
Ufag Faglærte lærte
Not thought about it
Havde truffet m 16.6
99.9 m w
De forskelle i levevilkår mellem ældre og yngre aldersgrupper, man har kunnet registrere i f.eks.
Information and preparation
42 går et samspil mellem de forskellige påvirkninger, de ældre er udsat for.
The manner in which the transition from work to retirement takes place will depend not only on the aforementioned conditions, but also on the extent tp which the person has prepared himself for and has informed himself about the new situation and its potentials and limitations.
Dette er én af grundene til, at man ikke med udgangspunkt i
Under the provisions of the 'Bistandslov' (Social Security Act), all Local Authorities are under an obligation to provide assistance in the form of advice and guidance to anyone who is considered to be in need, of it.
Socialforskningsinstituttets velfærdsundersøgelse eller under søgelse af de ældres levevilkår fra 1977, kan drage slutninger med hensyn til arbejdsophørets effekt på levekårene.
From a purely practical point of view, most Local Authorities satisfy the obligation to provide guidance by encouraging retired persons to get in touch with them once they become entitled to receive a pension.
Er. anden årsag er den, at der er tale om tværsnitsundersøgelser, der giver et gennemsnitsbillede af, hvordan forholdene er på et givet tidspunkt for de enkelte befolkningsgrupper henholdsvis grupper af ældre.
The Local Authority will then provide them with verbal information about the economic consequences of retirement and about the various services and facilities which are available.
De forskelle, man i en sådan forbindelse kan finde, mellem forskellige aldersgruppers levevilkår, skyldes ikke alene aldersforandringer og ændringer i de ydre forhold, men også generationsforskelle, idet der er tale om forskellige personer med forskellig baggrund og erfaringer.
The effect of this information is not always the same, since a large proportion of old people simply do not feel that they have been given any Information at all (this was the view of more than 40 per cent of those aged 62 and above in 1977; SFI 32).
Problemet med generationseffekter er søgt imødegået i instituttets forløbs undersøgelse af de ældre, hvor det er de samme personer, der be tragtes på forskellige tidspunkter gennem en årrække.
This indicates that the information provided for old people must be arranged in such a way that it will take these circumstances into account to a much greater extent.
Herved får man et mere realistisk indblik i, hvorledes de pågældende ændrer sig med alderen og hvad det er for ydre forandringer, de oplever.
Some of the more progressive Local Authorities have recently begun to send out quarterly news letters to all their pensioners, containing easilyunderstood information and articles of general interest concerning the facilities provided for old people by the Local Authority, social facilities, accommodation and local activities, etc.
Som en tredie årsag til, at arbejdsophørets effekt på pensionerede lønmodtageres levevilkår ikke kan udledes på det foreliggende grundlag, kan nævnes det forhold, at man i resultaterne fra de nævnte undersøgelser overvejende opererer med aldersgruppe ringer, der omfatter såvel erhvervsaktive som tilbagetrukne og nogle, der aldrig har været i erhverv eller tidligt er blevet pensionerede (f.eks. invalidepensionister). Har man en gruppe, der betegnes som penionister, vil den omfatte såvel førtidspen sionister som alderspensionister, hvor sidstnævnte dækker både tilbagetrukne og stadig erhvervsaktive samt nogle, der aldrig
At the same time, they send out leaflets containing lists of clubs, associations and groups of interest to old people.
43 har været erhvervsaktive. Kan man endelig udskille de tilbage trukne fra de øvrige pensionister, vil det kun i de færreste tilfælde være muligt at skelne mellem tidligere lønmodtagere og tidligere selvstændige.
- 46 - and it would be an advantage in this respect if future pensioners could also be included, for instance a couple of years or so before they reach pensionable age.
Den følgende beskrivelse af danske pensionisters levevilkår vil i henhold til ovenstående snarere være en beskrivelse af forholdene for forskellige aldersgrupper af ældre, erhvervsak tive som ikke-aktive, som de manifesterede sig netop på defltids tids punkter, hvor de enkelte undersøgelser blev gennemført.
For example, many pensioners' clubs offer an advisory service, and many trade unions provide advice and guidance for their older members. Also, Danish television is currently broadcasting an educational series entitled 'Approaching the third age' , which deals with some of the problems associated with retirement.
De under søgelser, der vil danne baggrund for beskrivelsen, er først og fremmest Socialforskningsinstituttets velfærdsundersøaelse fra
The programmes deal with the problems which can arise in conjunction with personal finance, accommodation, neaith, ίοοα, exercise, nome help facilities and general activities.
7 arbejdere
Page 75
0 26 i alt uden erhverv
Own investigation: Information
Tilsvarende for kvinderne er knap en fjerdedel i erhverv,ca. halvdelen pensionister og
Less than 10% had received guidance from the Social Services Department, 22% from their trade union and 13% via the mass media.
Det ses, at erhvervsaktiviteten for de kvinder, der har været i erhverv, falder mere drastisk med alderen, end for mændenes vedkommende.
The differences in the living conditions enjoyed by the younger and older age groups which have been identified, for example, in the 1976 welfare survey conducted by the Danish Institute for Social Research, are attributable to a wide range of factors, the effects of which are difficult to isolate and identify.
Samtidig kan det tilføjes, at godt halvdelen af kvinderne (der i 1962 var mellem 62 og 64 år) aldrig har været i erhverv, hvilket kan sammenholdes med ældreundersøgelsen fra
Furthermore, a given effect cannot necessarily be explained satisfactorily, since there is an interaction between the various influences to which an old person is exposed.
1977, hvor der blandt de 62-64 årige kun var godt en trediedel, der blev registreret som hjemmearbejdende.
This is one of the reasons why the welfare survey conducted by the Danish Institute for Social Research or the 1977 survey into old people's living conditions cannot be taken as the basis on which to arrive at conclusions relating to the effect of giving up work on living conditions.
Her ses en tydelig generationseffekt m.h.t. kvindernes stigende erhvervsdeltagelse.
An attempt was made to counter the problem posed by generation effects in the initial survey of old people conducted by the Institute, by surveying the same group of people at various times over a number of years.
Beskrivelsen af de ældres levevilkår vil tage udgangspunkt i hvert enkelt af de aspekter, der anses for at være væsentlige bestanddele af det samlede levevilkårsbegreb.
A third reason why the effect of stopping work on the living conditions of retired wageearners cannot be inferred from the existing data base is the fact that the findings of the aforementioned surveys are principally based on age groups which include persons still in gainful employment, retired persons, and persons who have either never been employed or who took a pension at an early stage (e.g. recipients of an invalidity pension).
Det vil være hel bredsforhold, økonomi, boligforhold, sociale relationer og ak tiviteter, samt den sociale og sundhedsmæssige bistand.
Any group which may be described as being pensioners will include both early pensioners and oldage pensioners, the latter covering both retired persons and persons who are still in gainful employment and also certain persons who have never been in gainful employment.
Aspekt erne vil blive belyst hver for sig, vel vidende at de gensidigt påvirker hinanden og således bidrager til de samlede levevilkår såvel direkte som indirekte.
Even if one is able conclusively to distinguish the retired persons from the other pensioners, it will still be possible only in the smallest number of cases to distinguish between former wageearners and former selfemployed persons.
Indenfor hvert enkelt aspekt vil der blive redegjort for de reg ler, bestemmelser og øvrige forhold i det danske samfund, der menes
15, 1978-79, by Erik Jørgen Hansen), the findings of which allow the age group made up of 60 to 69-year-olds to be compared with the rest of the population.
Helbredsforhold.
60 - 69 years men women
Sygehusvæsenet er offentligt og ledes af de enkelte amtskom muner efter statslige retningslinier.
Selfemployed Whitecollar workers Blue-collar workers
60 år indlagt på et somatisk sygehus med en gennemsnitlig liggetid på 16 dage.
It will be appreciated that more than half of the men in this age group are in gainful employment, but that more than one third are pensioners, being either early pensioners or oldage pensioners.
Blandt de 40-50 årige var de tilsvarende tal hhv. 13 personer og 8 dage, d.v.s. nøjagtigt det halve (Social Årbog).
The corresponding figures for the women are about one quarter in gainful employment, about one half as pensioners and the remaining one quarter working at home.
Det er især internmedicinske afdelinger, der har mange ældre pa tienter, og i denne forbindelse taler man om problemet de "sociale indlæggelser", d.v.s. de indlæggelser der overvejende har sociale årsager, og hvor der ikke umiddelbart er behov for diagnostik eller behandling.
The findings of the 1977 survey conducted by the Danish Institute for Social Research into the living conditions of old people living in private accommodation will also be used. This should enable a comparison to be made within the age group consisting of those aged 62 and above.
Ifølge en opgørelse fra 1977 fra Hvidovre Hospi tal (i hovedstadsområdet) blev ca. 40 pet. af de akut indlagte personer over 65 år indlagt helt eller delvist af sociale årsager.
(SFI Notice No. 32, 1981, by Merete Platz; SFI Notice No. 37, 1981, by Gert Hansen; and SFI publication No. 105, 1980, by Henning Olsen et al.). The percentage composition of the age group covered by this survey was as follows:
Man står her overfor et problem, der både af hensyn til de ældre
Table 7.2 men women retired retired in gainful employment working a t home in gainful em; ployment
231 i alt
65 - 66 years
Ufaglærte Faglærte Funktio Selvstænarbejdere arbejdere nærer dige
(as a percentage of those who have ever been in gainful employment)
af deres arbejde eller mente, at de havde pådraget sig varige ska der under arbejdet (jfr. tabel 7.1.7.).
It will be seen from the above that continuing involvement in work for those women who have been in gainful employment falls more steeply with advancing age than is the case amongst men.