natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
I henhold til proceduren i traktatens artikel 169, stk. 1, fremsendte Kommissionen, efter at have givet Den Italienske Republik lejlighed til at fremsætte sine bemærkninger, ved skrivelse af 8. oktober 1998 en begrundet udtalelse til nævnte medlemsstat, hvori den opfordrede denne til at træffe de nødvendige foranstaltninger til at overholde forpligtelserne i henhold til traktatens artikel 52 og 59 samt direktiv 89/48 inden for en frist på to måneder fra meddelelsen af den begrundede udtalelse.
In accordance with the procedure under the first paragraph of Article 169 of the Treaty, and having given the Italian Republic formal notice to submit its observations, the Commission sent a reasoned opinion to that Member State by letter dated 8 October 1998, requesting it to adopt the measures necessary to comply with its obligations under Articles 52 and 59 of the Treaty and under Directive 89/48 within two months of the date of notification of that opinion.
Da Kommissionen ikke var overbevist af den italienske regerings besvarelse, besluttede den at anlægge den foreliggende sag.
Since it was not satisfied by the response of the Italian Government to that opinion, the Commission decided to bring this action.
Domstolen har gentagne gange udtalt, at retten til etablering, der er fastsat i traktatens artikel 52, indebærer en mulighed for under overholdelse af de fagetiske regler at skabe og opretholde mere end et forretningssted på Fællesskabets område.
The Court has repeatedly held that the right of establishment enshrined in Article 52 of the Treaty entails the right to set up and maintain, subject to observance of the rules of professional practice, more than one place of work within the Community.
Den bopælspligt, som Kommissionen har kritiseret, er således uforenelig med traktatens artikel 52 i den forstand, at den er til hinder for, at en advokat, der er etableret i en anden medlemsstat end Den Italienske Republik, også er etableret i Italien.
The residence obligation complained of by the Commission is therefore incompatible with Article 52 of the Treaty, inasmuch as it prevents members of the Bar established in Member States other than the Italian Republic from maintaining an establishment in Italy.
Kommissionen har som det første klagepunkt anført, at traktatens artikel 59 er tilsidesat ved artikel 2, stk. 2, i lov nr. 31/82, idet denne nationale bestemmelse forbyder advokater, der er etableret i andre medlemsstater, og som ønsker at præstere tjenesteydelser i Italien, at råde over visse faciliteter i denne medlemsstat.
By its first complaint, the Commission asserts that the second paragraph of Article 2 of Law No 31/82 infringes Article 59 of the Treaty, inasmuch as that national provision does not permit lawyers established in other Member States and wishing to provide services in Italy to have any form of infrastructure in that Member Slate.
Den italienske regering har nærmere bestemt gjort gældende, at dette forbud har til formål at undgå, at etableringsfriheden fordrejes.
The Italian Government maintains, in essence, that that prohibition is designed to prevent abuse of the freedom of establishment.
Hvis dette forbud ikke fandtes, kunne de advokater, der udøver deres ret til fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser, nemlig etablere sig under dække af visse faciliteter.
If it did not exist, lawyers exercising their freedom to provide services could create an establishment under the guise of a certain structure.
Ifølge fast retspraksis kan en national lovgivnings uoverensstemmelse med Fællesskabets bestemmelser — også hvor disse sidste er umiddelbart anvendelige — nemlig kun fjernes helt ved bindende interne regler med samme retlige karakter som de regler, der skal ændres.
The Court has consistently held that the incompatibility of national legislation with Community provisions, even provisions which are directly applicable, can be finally remedied only by means of national provisions of a binding nature which have the same legal force as those which must be amended.
En administrativ praksis, der efter sin art kan ændres efter forvaltningens forgodtbefindende, og som ikke er bragt til offentlighedens kundskab på passende måde, kan ikke anses for at udgøre en gyldig gennemførelse af forpligtelserne i henhold til traktaten (jf. bl.a. dom af 13.3.1997, sag C197/96, Kommissionen mod Frankrig, præmis 14, og af 9.3.2000, sag C-358/98, Kommissionen mod Italien, præmis 17).
Mere administrative practices, which by their nature are alterable at will by the authorities and are not given the appropriate publicity, cannot be regarded as constituting the proper fulfilment of obligations under the Treaty (see, in particular, Case C-197/96 Commission ν France [1997], paragraph 14, and Case C-358/98 Commission ν Italy [2000], paragraph 17).
Andet led
The second part
Kommissionen har med andet led af det andet klagepunkt anmodet Domstolen om at fastslå, at bestemmelserne i artikel 17, stk. 1, nr. 1, 4 og 5 i lovdekret nr. 1578/33 tilsidesætter
By the second part of its second complaint, the Commission asks the Court to declare that points
Det skal i denne forbindelse bemærkes, at Domstolen allerede har udtalt, at den midlertidige karakter af en præstation af tjenesteydelser ikke udelukker, at tjenesteyderen — i den forstand udtrykket er anvendt i traktaten — i værtsmedlemsstaten kan indrette visse faciliteter (herunder et kontor, en praksis eller et lokale), for så vidt som disse faciliteter er nødvendige for at udføre den pågældende tjenesteydelse (dom af 30.11.1995, sag C-55/94, Gebhard, præmis 27).
As the Court has previously held, the fact that a provision of services is temporary does not mean that the provider of services within the meaning of the Treaty may not equip himself with some form of infrastructure in the host Member State (including an office, chambers or consulting rooms) in so far as such infrastructure is necessary for the purposes of performing the services in question (Case C-55/94 Gebhard (1995), paragraph 27).
Det tredje og fjerde klagepunkt etableringsfriheden, da adgangen til advokaterhvervet er betinget af italiensk statsborgerskab og en italiensk juridisk kandidateksamen (»laurea in giurisprudenza«), samt at der er gennemført en praktikperiode på mindst to år ved de italienske retsinstanser.
1, 4 and 5 of Article 17(1) of Decree-Law No 1578/33 violate the principle of freedom of establishment, since they make access to the Bar conditional on possession of Italian nationality and of an Italian diploma in law {'laurea in giurisprudenza'), as well as completion of a period of two years as a trainee working within the jurisdiction of the Italian courts.
Kommissionen har med sit fjerde klagepunkt kritiseret Den Italienske Republik for på ufuldstændig vis at have gennemført direktiv 89/48, idet den ikke har fastsat nærmere bestemmelser for den egnethedsprøve, der er defineret i direktivets artikel 1. litra g), første afsnit.
By its fourth complaint, the Commission claims that the Italian Republic has not fully transposed Directive 89/48, since it has not drawn up any detailed rules for the conduct of the aptitude test as defined in the first subparagraph of Article 1(g) of that directive.
Kommissionen har med sit tredje klagepunkt bestridt de italienske myndigheders konkrete anvendelse af egnethedsprøven i artikel 4, litra b), i direktiv 89/48 for advokater fra andre medlemsstater.
By its third complaint, the Commission contests the way in which the Italian authorities have actually implemented the aptitude test provided for in Article 4(l)(b) of Directive 89/48 as regards lawyers from other Member States.
Det er i denne forbindelse ubestridt, at nationalitetsbetingelsen blev ophævet ved artikel 10 i lov nr. 146/94, hvorefter statsborgere fra andre af Det Europæiske Fællesskabs medlemsstater end Den Italienske Republik ligestilles med italienske statsborgere for så vidt angår optagelsen i advokatstanden.
It is common ground that the nationality requirement was abolished by Article 10 of Law No 146/94, according to which nationals of Member States other than the Italian Republic are to be treated in the same way as nationals of Italy for the purposes of enrolment at the Bar.
Ligeledes blev bestemmelserne om italiensk embedseksamen og gennemførelse af en praktikperiode afskaffet ved lovdekret nr. 115/92, der fastlægger en anerkendelsesprocedure for advokatbestalling, som er opnået i en anden medlemsstat.
Similarly, the provisions relating to possession of an Italian diploma in law and completion of a period as a trainee were repealed by Legislative Decree No 115/92, which provides for a procedure for recognition of the professional qualification as a member of the Bar obtained in another Member State.
Kommissionen er ikke desto mindre af den opfattelse, at kravene til retssikkerheden ikke er overholdt, da ændringerne i artikel 17, stk. 1, i lovdekret nr. 1578/33 ikke er blevet indført i denne bestemmelse.
The Commission considers, nevertheless, that the requirements of legal certainty are not met, since the changes made to Article 17(1) of Decree-Law No 1578/33 have not been transcribed into that provision.
Ifølge Kommissionen fremgår det af de oplysninger, den er i besiddelse af, nemlig teksten til de individuelle ministerielle dekreter om anerkendelse af eksamensbeviser, som omhandlet i artikel 12, stk. 5, i lovdekret nr. 115/92, og oplysninger, der er modtaget af Kommissionen i forbindelse med klager fra advokater fra andre medlemsstater end Den Italienske Republik, at egnethedsprøven kan vedrøre ti emner samt domstolsorganisationen og advokatetik, og at den består af en skriftlig eksamen og en mundtlig eksamen.
In that connection, it is common ground, first, that the amending provisions contained in Law No 146/94 and in Legislative Decree No 115/92 have binding force and, second, that their effect is to abolish the obligations prescribed in Article 17(1) of Decree-Law No 1578/33 making access to the Bar conditional on possession of Italian nationality and of an Italian diploma in law and completion of a period of two years as a trainee working within the jurisdiction of the Italian courts.
Det er i denne forbindelse ubestridt, at de ændringsbestemmelser, der findes i lov nr. 146/94 og i lovdekret nr. 115/92 er bindende, og at de endvidere medfører en afskaffelse af forpligtelserne i artikel 17, stk. 1, i lovdekret nr. 1578/33 vedrørende italiensk statsborgerskab og italiensk juridisk kandidateksamen, samt gennemførelsen af en praktikperiode på to år ved de italienske retsinstanser for at få adgang til advokatstanden.
The Commission maintains that it is apparent from the information in its possession, namely the texts of the individual ministerial decrees recognising professional qualifications, as referred to in Article 12(5) of Legislative Decree No 115/92, and information received in the context of complaints made to it by lawyers from Member States other than the Italian Republic, that the aptitude test may relate to 10 subjects, as well as judicial organisation and the rules of professional conduct of lawyers, and that it is composed of a written examination and an oral examination.
Kommissionen har kritiseret de italienske myndigheder for at anvende en praksis, som er udtryk for forskelsbehandling, på grund af egnethedsprøvens overdrevne sværhed i forhold til den godkendelseseksamen, som italienske advokater skal bestå.
The written examination, which consists of the drafting of a legal document or opinion, covers three subjects chosen by the examining board from amongst the 10 possible subjects, as well as judicial organisation and rules of professional conduct, and the oral examination, which consists of answering short practical questions, covers all those subjects as well as judicial organisation and rules of professional conduct.
De nævnte ændringsbestemmelser opfylder to betingelser, som Domstolen har stillet for, at den nationale ret er i overensstemmelse med den primære fællesskabsret.
Those amending provisions satisfy the two conditions which the Court requires to be fulfilled in order for national law to be compatible with primary Community law.
Ifølge disse betingelser kan en national lovgivnings uoverensstemmelse med Fællesskabets bestemmelser — også hvor disse sidste er umiddelbart anvendelige — kun fjernes helt ved bindende interne regler med samme retlige karakter som de regler, der skal ændres (jf. dommen af 9.3.2000, Kommissionen mod Italien, præmis 17).
These are that the incompatibility of national legislation with Community provisions, even directly applicable provisions, can be definitively remedied only by means of national provisions that are binding and have the same legal force as those that have to be modified (see, in particular, Case C-358/98 Commission ν Italy, cited above, paragraph 17).
I denne sag følger ophævelsen af de relevante bestemmelser i lovdekret nr. 1578/33 automatisk af lov nr. 146/94 og lovdekret nr. 115/92 ud fra lex posterior-princippet, som er fælles for medlemsstaternes retlige traditioner.
The Commission claims that the practice followed by the Italian authorities is discriminatory, since the aptitude test is excessively difficult by comparison with the qualifying examination which Italian lawyers are required to sit.
angår de øvrige otte tilfælde alle emner samt domstolsorganisationen og advokatetik.
In the absence of such rules, the comparison called for in the second subparagraph of Article 1(g) of Directive 89/48 on a case-by-case basis is at risk of being arbitrary or even discriminatory.
Domstolens bemærkninger kan få kendskab til arten og indholdet af den egnethedsprøve, som de i givet fald skal bestå.
According to the statistics for 1998 provided by the Commission in its reply, 18 out of 29 lawyers from other Member States who applied for and obtained recognition of their professional qualification in Italy sat an aptitude test covering a single subject.
Er der ikke sådanne bestemmelser, er der en risiko for, at den konkrete iværksættelse af sammenligningen i artikel 1, litra g), andet afsnit, i direktiv 89/48 er vilkårlig, eller endog diskriminerende.
The Commission observes nevertheless that, as regards the 11 other applicants, the aptitude test covered seven subjects in one case, nine subjects in another and, in eight other cases, all of the subjects plus judicial organisation and rules of professional conduct.
Det er ubestridt, at lovdekret nr. 115/92 hverken fastsætter de emner, der anses for uomgængeligt nødvendige for udøvelsen af advokaterhvervet i Italien eller betingelserne for egnethedsprøven, hvorved der skabes en situation med usikkerhed, nærmere bestemt retsusikkerhed.
It is common ground that Legislative Decree No 115/92 does not determine the subjects regarded as indispensable for practising as a lawyer in Italy or the rules regulating the conduct of the aptitude test, thus creating a situation of fluidity, if not of legal uncertainty.
Det nævnte lovdekret kan derfor ikke anses for at have gennemført direktiv 89/48 fuldstændigt.
That legislative decree cannot therefore be regarded as fully transposing Directive 89/48.
Artikel 1, litra g), andet afsnit, i direktiv 89/48 bestemmer, at de kompetente myndigheder i værtsmedlemsstaten med henblik på at organisere egnethedsprøven opstiller »en liste over de fag, der på grundlag af en sammenligning mellem den uddannelse, der kræves i den pågældende medlemsstat, og den uddannelse, som ansøgeren har fået, ikke er omfattet af eksamensbeviset eller det eller de kvalifikationsbeviser, som ansøgeren fremlægger«.
The second subparagraph of Article 1(g) of Directive 89/48 provides that, in order to permit the aptitude test to be organised, the competent authorities of the host Member State are to 'draw up a list of subjects which, on the basis of a comparison of the education and training required in [their] Member State and that received by the applicant, are not covered by the diploma or other evidence of formal qualifications possessed by the applicant'.
Det skal således fastslås, at Den Italienske Republik ikke har gennemført direktiv 89/48 fuldstændigt, hvorfor Kommissionens fjerde klagepunkt er begrundet.
It must therefore be held that the Italian Republic has not fully transposed Directive 89/48, so that the Commission's fourth complaint is well founded.
Egnethedsprøvens præcise indhold skal således afgøres fra tilfælde til tilfælde, efter at der er foretaget en nøjagtig sammenligning af kvalifikationerne og erfaringen hos ansøgeren, der, som det anføres i niende betragtning til direktiv 89/48, er »en person, som har fået en erhvervsuddannelse i en anden medlemsstat«, med listen over de emner, der anses for uomgængeligt nødvendige ved den pågældende erhvervsuddannelse.
Thus, the precise content of the aptitude test must be determined on a case-by-case basis following a point-by-point comparison between the qualifications and experience of the applicant, who, as stated in the ninth recital in the preamble to Directive 89/48, 'is a person who has already received his professional training in another Member State', and the list of subjects regarded as indispensable for education and training for the profession concerned.
Hvad angår de tilfælde, Kommissionen har påberåbt sig til støtte for det tredje klagepunkt, skal det anføres, at selv om de i det mindste kan underbygge det indtryk, at iværksættelsen af egnethedsprøven i praksis mangler sammenhæng og gennemsigtighed, så har Domstolen ikke fået forelagt elementer, der efter deres art er tilstrækkelige til at fastslå, at de forpligtelser, der følger af direktiv 89/48, er tilsidesat for så vidt angår den konkrete iværksættelse af egnethedsprøven.
As to the particular matters relied on by the Commission in support of its third complaint, whilst they may, at the very least, create the impression that the practical implementation of the aptitude test lacks coherence and transparency, the Court has not been provided with sufficient evidence to establish that implementation of the aptitude test on a case-by-case basis has resulted in a failure to fulfil the obligations imposed by Directive 89/48.
Under disse omstændigheder kan Kommissionens tredje klagepunkt ikke tages til følge.
In those circumstances, the Commission's third complaint cannot be upheld.
»/) Den Italienske Republik har tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til EF-traktatens artikel 52 og 59 (efter ændring nu artikel 43 EF og 49 EF) samt Rådets direktiv 89/48/EØF af 21. december 1988 om indførelse af en generel ordning for gensidig anerkendelse af eksamensbeviser for erhvervskompetencegivende videregående uddannelser af mindst tre års varighed, idet den i strid med traktatens artikel 59 har opretholdt et generelt forbud mod, at advokater, der er etableret i andre medlemsstater, og som udøver virksomhed i Italien inden for rammerne af den frie udveksling af tjenesteydelser, i denne stat råder over de faciliteter, som er nødvendige med henblik på deres udførelse af ydelser
Declares that: by maintaining contrary to Article 59 of the EC Treaty (now, after amendment, Article 49 EC), the general prohibition whereby lawyers established in other Member States and practising in Italy in the exercise of their freedom to provide services cannot have in that State the infrastructure needed to provide their services,
i strid med traktatens artikel 52 forpligter advokater til at have bopæl i den retskreds, hvor de er registreret ikke har gennemført direktiv 89/48 fuldstændigt, idet der fortsat ikke findes gennemførelsesbestemmelser, som fastsætter de nærmere regler med hensyn til egnethedsprøven for advokater fra andre medlemsstater.
by requiring members of the Bar to reside in the judicial district of the court to which the Bar at which they are enrolled is attached, contrary to Article 52 of the EC Treaty (now, after amendment, Article 43 EC), and by incompletely transposing Council Directive 89/48/EEC of 21 December 1988 on a general system for the recognition of higher-education diplomas awarded on completion of professional education and training of at least three years' duration, inasmuch as no rules have been laid down to regulate the conduct of the aptitude test for lawyers from other Member States, the Italian Republic has failed to fulfil its obligations under Articles 52 and 59 of the Treaty and Directive 89/48;
I øvrigt frifindes Den Italienske Republik
Dismisses the remainder of the application;
Den Italienske Republik og Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber bærer hver deres omkostninger.*
Orders the Italian Republic and the Commission of the European Communities to bear their own costs.'
Generaladvokat C. Stix-Hackl fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Femte Afdeling) den 3. maj 2001.
Advocate General C. Stix-Hackl delivered her Opinion at the sitting of the Fifth Chamber on 3 May 2001.
Sag C-10/00 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Den Italienske Republik Fællesskabernes egne indtægter
Case C-10/00 Commission of the European Communities ν Italian Republic Community own resources
»Traktatbrudssøgsmål — Fællesskabernes egne indtægter — import af varer hidrørende fra tredjelande bestemt til San Marino* (Femte Afdeling)
(Failure by a Member State to fulfil its obligations — Community own resources — Import from third countries of goods destined for San Marino) (Fifth Chamber)
Generaladvokat F.G. Jacobs fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Femte Afdeling) den 22. november 2001.
By application lodged at the Court Registry on 13 January 2000, the Commission of the European Communities brought an action under Article 226 EC for a declaration that, by not making available to the Commission ITL 29 223
Sag C-169/00 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Republikken Finland Fiskale bestemmelser
Deductions must be expressly indicated in the monthly statements of account, with a break-down of the amount between customs duties and agricultural levies.
»Traktatbrud — artikel 2 og artikel 28, stk. 3, litra b), og bilag F, punkt 2, til sjette momsdirektiv — akten vedrørende Republikken Finlands tiltrædelse — fritagelse af tjenesteydelser præsteret af forfattere, kunstnere herunder udøvende kunstnere — undtagelsesbestemmelser* (Femte Afdeling) at den kritiserede fritagelse er i overensstemmelse med tiltrædelsesaktens bilag XV, afsnit IX, stk. 2, litra n), og har bestridt, at der er begået traktatbrud, har Kommissionen besluttet at anlægge denne sag.
The documents before the Court show that the present dispute concerns imports from third countries, between 1979 and 1992, of goods destined for San Marino, in respect of which the Italian authorities collected customs duties on the basis of the San Marino/Italy Agreement. It is common ground that, since the EEC/San Marino Agreement entered into force on 1 December 1992, it is not applicable to the present case.
Ved stævning indleveret til Domstolens Justitskontor den 8. maj 2000 har Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber i medfør af artikel 226 EF anlagt sag med påstand om, at det fastslås, at Republikken Finland har tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til artikel 2 i Rådets sjette direktiv 77/388/EØF af 17. maj 1977, idet den har opretholdt en lovgivning, hvorefter levering af kunstværker, der foretages af kunstnerne eller af mellemmænd, samt indførsel af kunstværker, der er købt direkte af kunstnerne, er fritaget for merværdiafgift (herefter »moms«).
Considering that from 1979 to 1984 they had mistakenly accounted for those duties, totalling ITL 9 410 311 986, as Communities' own resources and had on that basis, and therefore in error, paid them to the Commission, the Italian authorities asked the Commission by fax of 3 June 1985 to agree to corrections of the amounts of own resources by way of a deduction. Moreover, they asked the Commission to agree that the Italian Republic should in the future, when making payments of Community own resources, leave the duties concerned, that is customs duties on products destined for consumption in the territory of San Marino, out of account.