natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
"Når man har råd til at annoncere i dyre domme om varerne, har man også råd til at informere om nye systemer og teknologi."
"If they can afford to spend huge sums on advertising their goods, they can also afford to inform consumers about new systems and technology."
Man foreslog forbrugeraftener samt nedsættelse af arbejdsgrupper med deltagelse af forbrugere, som gik konkret ind i detailudformningen af systemerne. stemerne.
Consumer evenings were proposed and the settingup of working parties with the participation of consumers, which would study the detailed design of the systems.
På organisationsplan blev det foreslået, at Forbrugerrådet blev styrket.
At organizational level, it was proposed that the Consumers' Council be
Det blev anført, at Forbrugerrådet i dag var svagt, idet så få var personlige medlemmer.
-73- strengthened. It was claimed that the Consumers' Council today was weak because it had so few individual members.
(I det danske forbrugerråd har både organisationer og personer medlemskab.)
(Both individuals and organiza tions can be members of the Danish Consumers' Council.)
På det offentlige plan foreslog man, at Monopoltilsynet fik vide re beføjelser for ad den vej at hindre, at stordriftsfænomener blev favoriseret.
At public-administration level, it was suggested that the Monopolies In spectorate (Monopoltilsynet) should be given greater powers to apply in preventing the favouring of "big business" phenomena.
F. Konklusioner omkring ny teknologi i supermarkeder.
F. Conclusions on new technology in supermarkets
Ny teknologi i supermarkederne er ikke introduceret med dramatiske ændringer til følge, men mange små omlægninger har dog alligevel tilsammen påvirket hele detailhandelsstrukturen og arbejds situationen i supermarkederne.
The introduction of new technology in supermarkets has not resulted in any dramatic changes; nevertheless, a number of minor changes have together affected the entire structure of the retail trade and the work situation in supermarkets.
Den elektroniske teknik har således vundet indpas i kasse- og bogholderifunktionen, ligesom den har påvirket hjælpefunktionerne inden for indkøbsarbejdet.
For instance, electronic technology has found applications in the cashier and bookkeeping functions, just as it has also affected back-up functions in the stock ordering and purchasing process.
Inden for varehåndteringen er der generelt set to næsten modgående tendenser.
In the area of goods handling there are, generally speaking, two trends going in almost opposite directions.
På den ene side har udviklingen i emballageformer, butiksindretning (hylder på hjul m.v.) forenklet arbejdet, ofte hjulpet frem af en vidtgående standardisering af sortimentet.
On the one hand, developments in forms of packaging and in store layout (shelves on wheels, etc) have simplified the work, often aided by an extensive standardization of the store's assortment.
Det er en udvikling, der har fundet sit ekstrem i discount butikkerne .
This is a development which has gone furthest in the discount stores.
På den anden side har supermarkederne også arbejdet med inden for nogle varekategorier, f.eks. kød, brød, vin, at introducere større variation gennem dels større sortiment og dels nye og mere direkte salgsmetoder i form af 'butik i butik'-conceptet.
On the other hand, the supermarkets have also, in certain cate gories of goods such as meat, bread and wine, sought to introduce more variety both by carrying a wider range of stock and by more direct selling methods in the form of the "shop within a shop" concept.
Denne udvikling kan også ses som supermarkedernes forsøg på at overtage en del af specialhandelens kunder.
This development can also be seen as an attempt on the part of the supermarkets to win some of the customers of the specialist shops.
I rapportens afsnit A er redegjort for detailhandelens struktur udvikling.
Section A of the report deals with the structural development of the retail trade.
Ofte er dog de direkte virkninger af en ny teknologi, forstået som de umiddelbare virkninger i den funktion, hvor den ny teknologi introduceres, små og begrænsede.
In many instances the direct effects of the new technology, seen as the im mediate effects on the function for which the new technology is introduced, are small and limited.
De indirekte virkninger og virkningerne af flere små omlægninger kan derimod være betydelige.
The indirect effects and the effects of multiple small changes, on the other hand, can be considerable.
Den elektroniske teknologi i kasserne påvirker ikke kassefunktionen ret meget.
Electronic technology at the point of sale does not have any very great effect on the cashier function.
Derimod kan virkningen blive kraftig på indkøbsarbejdet, som kan forenkles (færre hyldeoptællinger) og centraliseres.
On the other hand, its effect can be con siderable on the stock ordering and purchasing process, which can be simplified (fewer shelf inventories) and centralized.
Den tættere kontrol med varestrømmene har også muliggjort anvendelse af centrallagre og mere automatiserede vareleverancer, hvorved arbejdet med varemodtagelse og opfyldning af hylder m.v. i butikken har kunnet reduceres.
Tighter control of the flow of goods has also made it possible to use central warehouses and to have more highly automated goods deliveries, which can ease the workload of goods reception, shelf filling, etc, at the store.
De to undersøgte supermarkeder, case A og case C, er eksempler herpå.
Two of the supermarkets studied, case A and case C, are examples of this.
Arbejdsopgaverne (afsnit D) i supermarkedet har naturligvis undergået ændringer over tiden.
Tasks (Section D) in the supermarkets have of course undergone change over
70 at mange ændringer i lige så høj grad er resultat af en ændret infrastruktur (distributionssystemerne m.v.) og ændringer i samfundsforhold (kvindernes stigende deltagelse i erhvervslivet og manges ønske om deltidsarbejde etc.).
-75- the years. Some of these changes result from the introduction of new technology, but it should be emphasized that many changes are just as much the result of a changed infrastructure (systems of distribution, etc) and changes in social patterns (the increasing participation of women in econo­mic activity and the desire of many to work part-time, etc).
I rapportens afsnit A er redegjort for den generelle udvikling med hensyn til centrale forhold som beskæftigelsesstruktur etc. Arbejdsopgavernes indhold er præget af to modsatrettede tendenser.
Job content is characterized by two opposing trends.
På den ene side kan det forsigtigvis konkluderes, at "gulvpersonalets" arbejdsopgaver er blevet udsat for en dekvalificering, men det er karakteristisk, at de pågældende personalekategorier i case ne egentlig ikke giver udtryk herfor.
On the one hand, a cautious conclusion can be drawn that the jobs of "floor staff" have had their skill status downgraded, although it is characteristic that the rele­vant staff categories in the case studies do not actually say that this has happened.
En forklaring på de få re aktioner kan være, at man oplever virkningerne af den nye teknologi "drypvis", og at f.eks. det danske kassepersonale endnu - i modstæning til forholdene i mange andre lande - i de fleste supermarkeder deltager i andre arbejdsopgaver i butikken.
An explanation for the dearth of reactions may be that the ef­fects of the new technology have been "drip-fed" and that, for example, in most Danish supermarkets check-out staff still - as distinct from the posi­tion in many other countries - share in the other work of the store.
Tendensen går dog i retning af mere arbejdsdeling og specialisering.
The trend is towards more division of labour and specialization, however.
Det skal dog til ovenstående bemærkes, at enkelte udtalelser især for supermarked A antyder, at man ikke har haft noget imod at miste visse opgaver, da man finder, at man har fået noget mere værdifuldt til gengæld i form af mere tid til kunderne.
But it should be pointed out in connection with the foregoing that some opinions voiced, especially at supermarket A, indicate that staff do not object to losing certain tasks, since they find that in return they gain something more valuable in the form of more time for the customers.
På den anden side har en stor del af den ny teknologi medført op kvalificering af visse .arbejdsopgaver især inden for ledelsesfunktionerne.
On the other hand, much of the new technology has led to an upgrading of the skill status of certain jobs, especially among the management functions.
Men det er helt kædens og supermarkedets bestemmelse, hvilke af ledelsesgrupperne som får mulighed for en sådan opkvalificering. I de beskrevne cases repræsenterer det system, der skal indføres i supermarked B, et eksempel på, at der antagelig vil ske en reducering af de selvstændige disponeringsopgaver i supermarkedet.
But it is entirely up to the chain and the supermarket which management groups are given the opportunity for such upgrading.
Systemet sigter mod en centralisering af ledelsesog disponeringsopgaver i kædekontoret.
The system is aimed at centralization of management and purchasing functions at the chain's head office.
Omvendt ser vi i supermarked C, at disponenterne i supermarkedet har fået mere selv stændige og morsomme jobs.
Conversely, we see at supermarket C that the buyers in the supermarket have acquired more autonomy and pleasure in their jobs.
Det hænger i første række sammen med en organisatorisk ændring, men det må understreges, at det er den ny teknologi, som har muliggjort, at man fik det fulde udbytte af organisationsændringen.
This has to do with an organizational change in the first instance, but it should be emphasized that it is the new tech­nology which has made it possible to draw the full benefit from this organi­zational change.
Det væsentligste motiv for anskaffelse af ny teknologi synes at være økonomi (afsnit C).
The main motive for acquiring new technology seems to be an economic one (Section C).
Dette forekommer sandsynligt i lys af den skærpede konkurrencesituation inden for dagligvareområdet.
This seems probable in the light of the ever-keener competi­tion in the food, drink and tobacco trade.
Det er karakteristisk, at den øgede kontrolmulighed ikke er et an skaffelsesmotiv for butiksledelsen, og at personalet heller ikke
It is characteristic that the scope for closer control is not a reason for the store management to opt in favour of new technology and that the staff do not see it that way either.
Personalets accept (afsnit C) af den ny teknologi må betegnes som en passiv accept.
Staff acceptance (Section C) of the new technology must be regarded 'as passive acceptance.
Personalets problemer med ny teknologi optræder primært i forbindelse med introduktion og implementering.
The staff's problems with new technology occur mainly in connection with introduction and implementation.
Det er betegnende, at stort set alle i casene fremhæver, at der gives alt for lidt in formation og vejledning, jfr. rapportens afsnit C. Ekspertinterviewene med HK og Branchesikkerhedsrådet er interessante ved, at disse organisationsrepræsentanter er meget mere kritiske og forbeholdne over for virkningerne af den ny teknologi, end det er tilfældet for personalets vedkommende.
The expert interviews with HK and the Trade Security Council are interest ing in that the representatives of these organizations are much more critical and more reserved with regard to the effects of the new technology than is the case for the staff interviewed.
Man ser de teknologiske ændringer og deres effekter i en klar samfundsmæssig sammenhæng, og man har klare og explicitte meninger, når det drejer sig om analysen, og man har i ganske stor udstrækning formuleret strategier med henblik på, at medlemmerne kan få optimalt udbytte af ny teknologi.
These representatives see the tech nological changes and their effects in a consciously social context and have clear and explicit views where their analysis is concerned. Quite farreaching strategies have been worked out aimed at securing optimum benefit from new technology for their members.
For forbrugerpanelets vedkommende er det overraskende at konstatere så ensartede deres synspunkter er (afsnit E).
As far as the consumer panel is concerned, it is surprising to note how homogeneous their views are (see Section E).
Det er endvidere karakteristisk, at de er meget optaget af spørgsmålet om ny teknologi, og at de har eksplicitte meninger om den ny teknologis betydning for samfundet, men at de er rådvilde, når det drejer sig om at styre teknologien, så uheldige virkninger undgås.
It is also characteristic that they are very preoccupied with the question of new technology and have definite opinions on the significance of new technology to society, but are uncertain as to means of controlling it so that its negative consequences can be averted.
Hovedanken mod teknologien i supermarkederne går ikke så meget på de enkelte nye teknologier som mod summen af de teknologiske og distributionsmæssige forandringer, der er sket.
The main objection to technology in supermarkets is concerned not so much with the individual new technologies as with the aggregate of technological and distribution-related changes which have occurred.
Man kritiserer især den manglende menneskelige kontakt i indkøbssituationen, og man er optaget af den lille nærbutiks overlevelsesmulighed i en dagligvarehandel, der mere og mere er præget af stordrift og koncentration.
There is particular criticism of the lack of human contact in the shopping process, and there is much concern for the chances of survival of the small shop in the food and grocery trade, which is increasingly characterized by "big business" methods and concentration.
Partielt betragtet mener man derimod, at der er en hel del godt at sige om de nye kasser med price-look-up og tekstet bon, og man er udelt tilfreds med de selvbetjente elektroniske vægte.
On the other hand, some members of the panel feel that the new point-of-sale terminals with price look-up and detailed customer receipts present some worthwhile features, and there is unanimous satisfaction with customeroperated electronic scales.
Derimod er man lige så udelt kritiske og skeptiske over for Dankortet, men betragtningerne om dette kan være en afspejling af den store debat, som har været ført i nyhedsmedierne, og som har været noget negativ over for kortet.
But they are equally unanimous in criticizing and voicing scepticism over the Dankort card, although the views put forward on this subject may be a reflection of the major debate that has been con ducted in the news media, in which the card has appeared in a rather negative light.
At medierne har betydelig indflydelse bekræftes i et vist omfang af, at personalet var uden egentlig interesse for scanneren.
The considerable influence exerted by the media is borne out to some extent by the fact that the panel showed no real interest in scanners.
72 omtalt eller diskuteret i dansk TV og presse.
-77- have received hardly any mention on Danish television or in the Danish press.
Selv om man kendte installationen og vidste, hvordan den fungerede, var man uinteresseret.
Even those who were familiar with the installation and knew how it worked showed no interest.
Den måske væsentligste konklusion af samtalerne med Forbruger rådets formand og forbrugerpanelet er, at der synes at herske en meget stor grad af overensstemmelse, når talen er om Dankortet, den stressede indkøbssituation og nærbutikkens bevarelse (eller frygten for den omsiggribende koncentration, om man vil) .
Perhaps the most important conclusion from the discussions with the chairman of the Consumers' Council and the members of the consumer panel is that there seems to be a very broad consensus with regard to the Dankort card, stress in the shopping situation and the preservation of the "corner shop" (or perhaps rather the fear of increasing concentration).
Om der findes en lige så stor overensstemmelse i den generelle vurdering af ny teknologi i supermarkederne er straks vanskeligere af af gøre, blandt andet fordi sprogbrugen er lidt forskellig.
Whether there is the same measure of agreement in the general assessment of new technology in the supermarkets is more difficult to tell immediately, amongst other things because of the difference in the language used.
Umiddelbart forekommer det, som om Forbrugerrådet -imed alle forbehold -fer mère positiv end forbrugerne.
It seems at first sight that the Consumers' Council - with all its reservations - has a more positive attitude than the consumers.
Dette behøver dog på ingen måde at betyde, at Forbrugerrådet holdningsmæssigt er ude af trit med den almindelige forbruger.
This does not in any way mean that the Consumers' Council is out of step in its views with the ordinary con sumer.
Den mindre forskel i op fattelsen af fordelene ved ny teknologi generelt er snarere ud tryk for en forskellig perspektivering og for et forskelligt udsigtsniveau.
The slight difference in opinions on the advantages of new techno logy in general rather reflects a different scheme of perspectives and a different level of outlook.
Rådet anlægger naturligt nok overvejende makrosynspunkter, mens den enkelte forbruger problematiserer ud fra sin personlige livséituation.
The Consumers' Council of course looks at things mainly on a macroscopic basis, whereas the individual consumer sees the problems in terms of his/her personal circumstances.
Denne dualisme mellem interesse organisation og individ eksisterer og erkendes inden for alle samfundsområder.
This dualism be tween interest groups as organizations and individuals is a recognized phenomenon which occurs in all aspects of society.
Den hastige udvikling af kasseterminaler fra såkaldte "uintelligente" til "intelligente" systemer og den lige så hastige ud vikling af aggregater (tilbehør etc., der kan tilkobles kasse terminalsystemerne) gør det mindre relevant at give en specificeret teknisk beskrivelse af de enkelte typer og mærker på det danske marked. Kasseapparater/-terminaler kan inddeles i to hovedgrupper: a) simple, elektroniske kasseapparater (eventuelt udstyret med diskette eller magnetbånd) samt b) store programmerbare kasse terminaler med mange tilslutningsmuligheder.
The rapid development of point-of-sale terminals from "non-intelligent" to "intelligent" systems and the equally rapid development of aggregates (peripherals, etc, which can be connected to point-of-sale terminal systems) makes it somewhat pointless to present a specified technical description of the individual types and makes on the Danish market.
(Inden for supermarkedsektoren i Danmark findes ikke længere mekaniske kasseapparater. ) a) De simple, elektroniske kasseapparaters primære funktion er pengekontrol.
(Mechanical cash registers are no longer used in the supermarket sector in Denmark.) a. The primary function of the simple electronic cash register is the con trol of cash.
Der er endvidere mulighed for at inddele salget i 9 varegrupper.
They can also divide sales into nine merchandise groups.
De større apparater kan få indprogrammeret et antal PLU numre, men da på bekostning af varegruppeinddelingen.
A number of PLU codes can be programmed into the larger machines, but at the expense of merchandise group subdivision.
Herudover kan apparaterne levere data om hver ekspedients salg.
In addition the machines can supply data on the sales of each cashier.
Apparaterne kan foretage byttepengeudregning, multiplikation og rabatberegning.
They can calculate the amount of change to be given, multiply and calculate discounts.
Tilkobling af magnetbånd åbner mulighed for dækningsbidragsberegninger, omsætning fordelt på måneder og år samt eventuelt underberegninger på udvalgte varegrupper.
Additional magnetic tape attachments offer facilities for the calculation of profits, turnover per month and year and possibly subroutines for selected merchandise groups.
De simple elektroniske apparater er i virkeligheden kun direkte afløsere af de tidligere elektromekaniske apparater og repræsenterer i systemmæssig henseende ingen fornyelse.
The simple electronic machines are in reality merely the direct descendants of the earlier electromechanical ones and do not constitute an innovation from a systems point of view.
Prisniveauet på det danske marked er fra ca. 5.000 kr. til ca. 15.000 kr. Priserne på disse typer har i de senere år været støt faldende.
The approximate price on the Danish market ranges from Dkr 5000 to Dkr 15 000. Prices of these types have been falling steadily in recent years.
Alle informationer fra satellitterne opsamles i masterterminalen, der også udskriver total rapporter for forretningen.
All information from the satellites is collected in the master terminal, which also produces consolidated re ports for the business.
Ved hjælp af en
Page 112
Systemet øger i væsentlig grad butikkens muligheder for data fangst vedrørende de enkelte varenumre, kontrollen med speciel le kampagner m.v.
The system considerably increases the possibilities open to the store for the acquisition of data on individual stock item numbers as a means of monitoring special promotion campaigns, etc.
Nedenfor er vist grupperings- og specifikationsmuligheder i et typisk master-satellitsystem med PLU.
The figure below illustrates possible ways of grouping and specifying data in a typical master-satellite system with PLU.
18 varegrupper
18 item groups
Et sådant system som skitseret ovenfor vil, udover funktioner som f.eks. pengekontrol, kunne levere salgsdata specificeret på op til 400 varenumre, samt rapporter om salg inden for 18 varegrupper og 9 hovedgrupper.
A system such as that shown in the sketch above, in addition to functions such as cash control, can supply sales data specified for up to 400 item numbers plus sales reports for 18 item groups and 9 main groups.
Endvidere er der mulighed for data om pengeomsætning for den enkelte forretning og kassedame m.v.
There are also facilities for supplying data on the cash flow for individual depart ments and cashiers, etc.
Systemet kan tilkobles en centraldatamat, der er placeret f.eks. i en kædes hovedkontor, hos en grossist eller en leverandør, ligesom den selvfølgelig kan være placeret i selve butik ken.
The system can be connected to a central computer located, for example, in the head office of a chain, on the premises of a wholesaler or supplier or, of course, in the store itself.
Det er karakteristisk for de nyere master-satellitsystemer, at der er mange udbygningsmuligheder. Der kan tilføjes datakapacitet (flere grupperinger).
A feature of the newer master-satellite systems is that they offer consider able scope for function upgrading.
Der kan indlægges budgettal i systemet, så der kan foretages afvigelsesrapportering over forskellen mellem budgetteret salg og faktisk salg.
Budget figures can be fed into the system, so that dis crepancy reports can be produced on the differences between budgeted sales and actual sales.
En anden væsentlig ud bygningsmulighed er, at der til terminalerne kan tilkobles scannere, vægt, pengetilbagegiver, kreditkortlæser m.v. De minidatamatstyrede kasseterminalsystemer regnes i faglitteraturen som de egentlige, kasseterminalsystemer.
Another important upgrading feature is that scanners, scales, change dispensers, credit-card readers, etc, can be connected to the terminals.
Masterens funktion er her overtaget af en minidatamat, der kan styre op til 50-60 terminaler.
The function of the master is assumed here by a minicomputer, which can control up to 5O-6O terminals.
I minidatamaten er der normalt plads til ca. 1.000 varenumre.
The minicomputer normally has capacity for approximately 1000 stock item numbers.
Systemet kan udvides med et magnetpladelager, og kapaciteten derved øges til ca. 40.000 varenumre.
-82 larged by the addition of a magnetic disk store, which increases its capacity to approximately 40 000 stock item numbers.