natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Sporgsmål 10: Set ud fra svarpersonernes synspunkt var det største problem, der i fremtiden vil opstå med hensyn til repræsentationen af Maltas regionale og lokale interesser på EU-plan, regionale/lokale myndigheders manglende økonomiske ressourcer til at åbne egne kontorer og ansætte personale i
Question 17: When asked in which fields of work CoR 's support could be helpful for regional institutions, the answers were environment, the formulation of relevant policies and feasible initiatives and legislation.
"komplekse strukturer og beslutningsprocesser" (begge blev også afkrydset af repræsentanten for lokalforvaltningen) samt
Regarding local institutions, the CoR's support was considered to be most helpful in the field of environmental affairs, transnational cooperation, structural and regional policy, cooperation between partners in preparation of EU accession, legislation and transport.
13: De fleste svarpersoner forbandt udtrykket
The local tier is composed of selfgoverning communes, towns and municipalities.
"Regionernes
Technical remarks
"Øget kompleksitet i europæisk politik" og
Profession Economist, PhD Veterinary doctor
"styrkelse af konkurrencedygtige regioner" fik mindst opbakning.
Institution Arges County Council Covasna County Council Homocea Local County,
Der blev ikke anført yderligere alternativer.
President President Mayor
Sporgsmål 14: Positive virkninger af "Regionernes Europa" blev primært forventet inden for områderne miljø, menneskerettigheder/mindretalsspørgsmål, struktur- og regionalpolitik, kultur samt transport, sociale anliggender og sundhed.
Vrancea Satu Mare County Council Sibiu County Council Cristian Local Council,
Der blev ikke forventet afgørende virkninger inden for beskæftigelse.
Sibiu Bacau County Council Sascut Local Council,
2.5 Regionsudvalget
Vice-mayor
Sporgsmål 15: Hvad angår Regionsudvalgets rolle og funktion, forventede svarpersonerne først og fremmest.
Bacau Huedusi Local Council,
Sporgsmål 16: Alle svarpersonerne støttede det synspunkt, at Regionsudvalget var et hensigtsmæssigt instrument til at repræsentere lokale interesser i EU, og to af svarpersonerne (herunder repræsentanten for lokalforvaltningen) anså
Margineni Local Council, Bacäu Dofteana Local Council, Bacäu
Regionsudvalget for at være yderst hensigtsmæssigt.
Head, Department on Regional Development and European Integration
Sporgsmål 19: Den "'merværdi", som Regionsudvalgets arbejde vil kunne tilføre Kongressen af Lokale og Regionale Myndigheder i Europa (CLRAE).
But as regards regional distribution, respondents form a representative mixture from all major parts of the country, including ethnic minority areas.
kunne opstå i forbindelse med: rådgivning afgivet på baggrund af pålidelig og omfattende information, ekspertise inden for decentralisering af magtbeføjelser til lokale myndigheder (besvarelse fra repræsentanten for lokalforvaltningen.
Question 1: It is remarkable that three quarters of the respondents were of the opinion that the current structures of regional/local representation were quite sufficient to meet the interests of subnational units at the national level, 35% even agreed to the term "sufficient".
som også har kendskab til CLRAE), udglatning af de okonomiske forskelle mellem rige og fattige regioner.
There was some criticism that knowledge on regional structures (very likely the Development Regions) was too low with the local population and that more information should be provided.
1 Rumænien udgøres det regionale lag i det territoriale administrative system af amter, der samtidig har selvstyre og uddelegerede statslige funktioner.
Question 5: The question about sufficient participation of regional and local authorities in European issues at the national level prompted two sets of extremely contradictory answers, which did not correspond to respondents from either regional or local authorities: a quarter of all respondents voted for "sufficient" and 40% for "not sufficient", while only 35% gave intermediate answers.
Leder, afdelingen for regional udvikling og europæisk integration lokalrad. -
EU-membership, a wide coalition at the regional/local level and cooperation within the CoR; all of these options were offered by the questionnaire.
Men med hensyn til den regionale fordeling udgør svarpersonerne et repræsentativt udsnit for alle de store dele af landet, herunder områder med etniske mindretal.
Question 7 regarding the status of preparation of the individual territorialadministrative levels for EU integration in respect to administrative structures, economic jurisdiction, competitiveness and minority protection had, with one exception, extremely disparate results; some respondents preferred to answer only some of the questions.
Sporgsmål 1 : Det er bemærkelsesværdigt, at tre fjerdedele af svarpersonerne mente, at de nuværende strukturer for regional/lokal repræsentation er så godt som tilstrækkelige til at tilgodese de subnationale enheders interesser på nationalt plan.
By far the clearest result is that the status of preparation in respect to minority protection is considered to be very advanced at all administrative levels.
35% brugte endda udtrykket "tilstrækkelig".
53% of the respondents even gave it the best mark.
Dette er en hoj procentdel i betragtning af, at svarpersonerne kun repræsenterer det subnationalc territoriale administrative plan.
Voting for the different administrative levels (national, regional, local) did not vary significantly.
Kun 18% vurderede, at de nuværende strukturer var relativt utilstrækkelige, mens kun en enkelt svarperson definerede dem som "ikke tilstrækkelige".
In respect of economic jurisdiction, however, the results are somewhat less positive than with administrative structures.
Med hensyn til eventuelle ændringer talte de fleste forslag til fordel for en mere hensigtsmæssig fordeling af budgetmidlerne, mindre bureaukrati, större lokal okonomisk uafhængighed, bedre samarbejde mellem lokale og regionale udviklingsinitiativer, större
Responses to the question about the status of preparations in respect to competitiveness, both at the national and the regional level, were overwhelmingly negative (no question here for the local level).
hensyntagen til tendenser i EU i denne henseende, flere beføjelser til de regionale udviklingsråd, større hensyntagen til forslag fra lokale og regionale myndigheder fra regeringens side, sammenlægning af amter til større regioner på grundlag af okonomiske kriterier, inddragelse af universitetskandidater med speciale i lokal administration til koordinering af lokalrådenes aktiviteter og decentralisering og øget selvstændighed generelt.
Question 8: EU financial programmes like Phare were attributed overwhelmingly positive effects on the political and economic development of the regions (counties) as well as of the local level, although some respondents did not answer this question.
Det blev kritiseret, at lokalbefolkningens viden om de regionale strukturer
There was no significant difference in results between the regional and the local level.
(ligesom udviklingsregionerne) var for ringe, og at informationsniveauet skulle højnes.
2.3 Interregional and cross-border cooperation
Adspurgt om begrundelser herfor anførte de, der havde stemt for mere decentralisering, at decentraliserede strukturer i højere grad kunne handle i overensstemmelse med lokale realiteter og løse alle typer problemer, bedre overholde subsidiaritetsprincippet, fordele de økonomiske ressourcer bedre, fremme EU­integrationsproccsscn, styrke den lokale autonomi og overdragelsen af ansvar fra centralt til lokalt plan, bedre indrette den lokale administration efter de lokale territoriale administrative enheders karakteristika osv. De kritiserede det tostrengede system på amtsplan med præfektur og amt for at være et udtryk for centraliserede strukturer, der begrænsede selvstyrets beføjelser. De. der stemte for mere centraliserede strukturer, anførte, at den skiftende politiske situation pa lokalt plan havde en unødigt kraftig indvirkning på den okonomiske og sociale udvikling.
Question 10: When asked about the main problems which could arise in the future representation of regional and local interests at the European level, respondents had the choice among four ready-made answers, as well as supplementing additional issues; most ticked the "lack of financial resources to run own offices and to employ staff in Brussels" and "no individual contacts with spokesmen in European institutions". A larger number still ticked both of these answers and in addition the "complexity of structure and mode of decision-making".
og fiere udøvende, men færre lovgivende beføjelser til de lokale myndigheder.
respondents stated that for all policy fields mentioned, interregional and/or cross-border cooperation was of high importance.
Sporgsmål 4: Med hensyn til politikområder, hvor regionernes (amternes) beføjelser bor styrkes, var de hyppigst forekommende svar investeringer i okonomisk udvikling, strukturpolitik og mindretalsrettigheder, transport, landbrug, industri, tjenesteydelser, administration af regionale udviklingsfonde og EU-fonde (disse fonde administreres af centralforvaltningen), valg af finansiering af lokale prioriteter samt definition af prioriteter inden for omraderne økonomi, sociale anliggender, infrastruktur, miljo. arbejdsmarked og økonomisk lovgivning.
To support this majority vote it was inter alia argued that this was the way to find new solutions for regional problems, reducing potential conflicts, that inter-ethnic conflicts would be diminished, that by international cooperation regional/local authorities would achieve a stronger negotiating position vis-à-vis the central government and that communication and cooperation were the best ways to reduce and even eliminate conflicts.
For så vidt angår det lokale plan. var de oftest forekommende forslag overførsel af (flere) beføjelser inden for områderne social- og transportinfrastruktur, sociale anliggender, transport, sundhed, uddannelse, territorial udvikling, små og mellemstore virksomheder, privatisering, fremme af udenlandske investeringer, erhvervsområder, lokale budgetter, skat (lovgivningsmæssigt og administrativt) samt offentlig orden.
It was also mentioned that there was no conflict between national, regional and local authorities in Romania.
som ikke passede med hverken regionale eller lokale myndigheder: En fjerdedel af alle svarpersonerne svarede "tilstrækkelig" og 40% "ikke tilstrækkelig", mens kun 35% gav et svar i de midterste kategorier.
But "political decisionmaking closer to the citizens" was slightly favoured, followed by the connotations "strengthening of competitive regions" and "more cultural pluralism".
Langt størstedelen af
No additional connotations were offered.
svarpersonerne svarede imidlertid "ikke tilstrækkelig". Adspurgt om mulige forbedringer foreslog de, der mente, at mulighederne for at deltage var relativt eller fuldt ud tilstrækkelige, samarbejde i beslutningsprocessen mellem nationale og regionale myndigheder, lobende kontakt med de mindre lokale myndigheder, bedre metoder til at holde disse opdaterede, administrativ decentralisering, mindre bureaukrati, større regional effektivitet, tættere samarbejde om specifikke problemer mellem det lokale og centrale plan, kommunikation og gennemsigtighed.
Question 14: The most positive effects from a "Europe of Regions" were expected in the field of employment, closely followed by social matters, human rights/minority issues and transport.
De svarpersoner, der mente, at mulighederne for deltagelse var relativt eller helt utilstrækkelige, foreslog generelt tættere samarbejde, herunder især høring af regionale myndigheder
Health, culture and environment ranked lowest, although all of them were still rated in the positive half of the scale by at least three quarters of the respondents.
Sporgsmål 6: Stillet over for valget mellem fire strategier til styrkelse af de regionale/lokale myndigheders rolle i EU og forslag til andre strategier foretrak over halvdelen af svarpersonerne strategien med tværregionalt/grænseoverskridende samarbejde med partnere i
Question 15: Regarding the role and function of an institution like CoR, it was mentioned that CoR should have consultative powers, help to implement the Acquis communautaire, to enhance competition between its members, contribute to harmonize the legislative framework in the fields of employment, culture, health, transport, environment, human rights, support the participation of local/regional authorities in the decisionmaking process of the EU and promote legislative initiatives, be the representative of local/regional authorities at the level of EU, play a more important role in the implementation of EU programmes in EU applicant states, be the link between the citizens and the EU, be the link between subnational authorities and the EU, manage economic, social and environment funds, facilitate stronger cooperation at the international level in the fields of economy, social matters, education, culture, environment, support European integration of the former Communist countries.
EU-medlemsstaterne. mens resten af svarene fordelte sig næsten ligeligt på tværregionalt/grænseoverskridende samarbejde med partnere i andre ansøgerlande, en bred koalition på regionalt eller lokalt plan og samarbejde inden for RU.
Question 16 on whether CoR was a promising instrument to represent regional/local interests in the EU was very positively answered.
Alle disse svarmuligheder fremgik af spørgeskemaet. To svarpersoner valgte tre muligheder eller endog alle muligheder.
82% of the respondents considered it "very promising", both for the regional and local level.
EU-medlemsstaterne, kan på den ene side fortolkes som et udtryk for det stærke rumænske engagement i forbindelse med EU-medlemskab, og på den anden side som en indikator for Rumæniens relativt begrænsede integration i det sydosteuropæiske miljø.
Most frequently mentioned were - related to regions - transport, education, human rights, environment, infrastructure, social matters, legislative alignment to the EU, economy, cooperation, economic and political relations, cross-border cooperation and - related to the local level - labour, environment, social problems, economy, culture, health, media, technical assistance.
53% afalle svarpersonerne gav oven i kobet dette punkt topprioritet. Et medlem af en minoritet klassificerede det imidlertid som næsten utilstrækkeligt.
Question 18 on CoR's expertise according to policy fields was answered very politely (with a focus on "high expertise" in all fields) and only with slight differences by policy fields.
De forskellige administrative planer (nationalt, regionalt og lokalt) fik stort set lige mange stemmer. Med hensyn til okonomiske beføjelser var resultatet dog mindre positivt end for administrative strukturer.
Top expertise was attributed especially in the fields of structural and regional policy, trans-European networks, social matters and environment.
Sporgsmål 9: Langt størstedelen af svarpersonerne var meget enige i, at subnationalc enheder skulle deltage mere aktivt i tværnationale netværk. Dette gjaldt såvel det regionale som det lokale plan.
An additional 35 questionnaires were disseminated in February 2002, shortly after the formal implementation of "Higher Territorial Units" in January 2002.
Der var imidlertid ingen, der mente, at "begrænset repræsentation på grund af lovgivning på nationalt plan" var relevant. Der blev ikke angivet andre problemer.
45 experts directly involved in the reform of public administration and into the development of regions were asked to fill out the questionnaire.
I sporgsmål 11 blev svarpersonerne bedt om at vurdere tværregionalt og/eller grænseoverskridende samarbejdes betydning for politisk effektivitet, økonomisk effektivitet, demokratisk konsolidering og integration af mindretal. To tredjedele af" svarpersonerne anførte, at tværregionalt og/eller grænseoverskridende samarbejde havde stor betydning for alle disse områder.
They are active in the following fields: central and delegated regional administration (9), regional and local selfgovernment (10), regional economy, regional development and regional policy (11), regional and political geography (8), labour market (1), territorial planning (1).
Enkelte svarede ikke og forstod måske ikke spørgsmålet.
Question 1: 35 of the 40 respondents expressed the opinion that representatives of the regional/local authorities do not have sufficient opportunities to enforce their interests, while 5 expressed the contrary.
Som begrundelse anførte dette overvejende flertal bl.a.. at dette var metoden til at finde nye losninger på regionale problemer og reducere potentielle konflikter, at interetniske konflikter ville blive reduceret, at regionale/lokale myndigheder gennem internationalt samarbejde ville opnå en stærkere forhandlingsposition over for centralregeringen, og at kommunikation og samarbejde var de bedste metoder til at mindske og endda helt fjerne konflikter.
In proposing improvements, the restructuring of the planning systems and implementation of regional policy at the central level were considered most important.
Det blev ligeledes nævnt, at der ikke var nogen konflikter mellem nationale, regionale og lokale myndigheder i Rumænien.
Regional authorities needed support in developing their administrative infrastructure.
Sporgsmål 13: Alle seks udsagn om "Regionernes Europa" i sporgeskemaet blev valgt af mindst halvdelen af svarpersonerne.
Essential in this respect was the qualification of employees by training courses.
Der var dog en lille overvægt til "politisk beslutningstagning tæt på borgerne", efterfulgt af udsagnene
Changes are to focus on the shift of powers from state authorities to institutions of selfgovernment as well as on the transfer of financial resources to these institutions in order to secure the efficient execution of powers.
"styrkelse af konkurrencedygtige regioner" og "mere kulturel pluralisme".
Question 2: A vast majority of respondents supported more devolved political structures.
Der blev ikke anført noget under "andet".
Only 2 experts voted against.
Europa" ville opnås inden for beskæftigelse, tæt fulgt af sociale anliggender.
They also mentioned that the new act on powers was already an important step in this direction and that an act on the property of local authorities was under preparation, which will create favourable conditions for the functioning of devolved structures.
menneskerettigheder/mindretalsspørgsmål og transport. Sundhed, kultur og
The two experts voting against more devolved structures recognise the danger that devolution will strengthen the role of local clans and "dictators".
miljø rangerede lavest, men disse valgmuligheder lå stadig i den positive ende af skalaen hos mindst tre fjerdedele af'svarpersonerne.
As far as legislation is concerned, the prevailing opinion was that more legislative powers should be granted to both the regional and the local level.
16 om, hvorvidt RU var et hensigtsmæssigt redskab til at repræsentere regionale/lokale interesser i EU, blev generelt positivt modtaget.
They also pointed out, however, that it was in the first instance necessary to strengthen the regional level, while the local level already had many executive powers.
82% af" svarpersonerne svarede "meget hensigtsmæssigt", både med hensyn til regionalt og lokalt plan.
Question 4: The respondents advocated that regions should have stronger powers in the following policy fields: socioeconomic development and planning, housing policy, social policy, health protection, higher education, technical infrastructure, environment, promotion of small and medium enterprises.
RU's støtte kan hjælpe regionale/lokale institutioner, omfattede ikke nogen på forhånd fastlagte svar.
As regards the local (communal) level, they listed territorial planning and construction, local environment, primary and secondary education, health care (basic), social welfare, promotion of tourism, public works.
De hyppigst forekommende svar var - med hensyn til regioner - transport, uddannelse, menneskerettigheder, miljø, infrastruktur, sociale anliggender.
Question 5: The vast majority of respondents believed that regional/local authorities do not have sufficient opportunities to participate in decisionmaking
lovgivningsmæssig tilnærmelse til EU, økonomi, samarbejde, økonomiske og politiske relationer, grænseoverskridende samarbejde og - med hensyn til lokalt plan - beskæftigelse, miljø, sociale problemer, økonomi, kultur, sundhed, medier, teknisk bistand.
at the national level in European issues. When asked to propose improvements, they mentioned that changes were on the way through the current reform of public administration, which also implemented regional selfgovernment.
Sporgsmål 18 om RU's sagkundskab på visse politikområder blev besvaret meget høfligt (med fokus på "stor sagkundskab" på alle områder) og med kun få afvigelser de enkelte politikområder imellem.
These changes also created better conditions for the participation of regional and local authorities in decisionmaking on European issues.
Den største sagkundskab blev tillagt struktur- og regionalpolitik, transeuropæiske net, sociale anliggender og miljo.
For this end, it would, however, be very important to improve the qualification of civil servants and to intensify their communication with national and European authorities.
Kongressen af Lokale og Regionale Myndigheder (CLRAE). og bl.a. følgende områder blev nævnt: udvikling af mindre udviklede regioner, hojnelse af levestandarden, repræsentation af lokale og regionale interesser på EU-plan.
With regard to economic jurisdiction, the prevailing opinion was that it was still not fully in line with EU legislation at all administrative levels, but that the Act on Powers (passed in October 2001) had shaped a certain framework.
definition af regionernes status inden for det fremtidige Europa og fremme af subsidiaritetsprincippet, fungere som tværnational organisme med ansvar for lovgivningsrammer og politik formuleret på EU-plan. bidrage til samarbejde, formidling af'værdifuld praksis samt teknisk bistand.
In respect to competitiveness, most respondents supposed that neither the national nor the regional tier was fully prepared. As
Da de forste spørgeskemaer (7) blev besvaret tidligt på efteråret i 2001, havde man netop truffet de endelige beslutninger omkring den seneste territoriale administrative reform efter en intensiv offentlig debat, der gav anledning til en del politisk turbulens.
regards the protection of minorities, most respondents considered it to be unsatisfactory at all administrative levels (national, regional, local).
Yderligere 35 spørgeskemaer blev sendt ud i februar 2002. kort tid efter de overordnede territoriale enheders formelle ikrafttræden i januar 2002. 33 af spørgeskemaerne blev besvaret.
Question 8: A majority answered that the financial programmes of the EU decisively supported the political and economic development of subnational units.
2 Resultater af spørgeskemaet
2.3 Interregional and cross-border cooperation
45 eksperter, som var direkte involveret i reformen af den offentlige administration og den regionale udvikling, blev bedt om at udfylde spørgeskemaet.
Question 10: When asked about the main problems likely to arise in future in connection with representation of regional and local interests at the European level, the respondents ticked the following problems: complexity of structures and mode of decision-making, no individual contacts to spokesmen in European institutions, lack of financial resources of regions/local authorities necessary for financing their own offices at Brussels.
40 af disse personer besvarede spørgeskemaet.
Restrictions in representation due to legal provisions at the national level were not seen as a problem.
Svarpersonerne arbejder inden for folgende områder: central og delegeret regional administration (9), regionalt og lokalt selvstyre (10), regional økonomi, regional udvikling og regionalpolitik
In addition to the ready-made answers, the problems of a bloated bureaucracy and of corruption were mentioned.
regional og politisk geografi
More than a third