natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Den tilsigtede gevinst med hensyn til pladsforholdene og flexibilisering af arbejds organisationen skønnes dog også opnåelig ved opstilling af pengeautomater i et fælles system med de øvrige pengeinstitut ter.
On this basis, the SDC (Sparekassernes Data Center - Savings Banks' Data Centre) commenced preparations for five trial installations with a view to installation in the spring of I983.
Den formelle beslutning om at indføre 190 pengeautomater i sammenslutningen blev taget i december 1981. Beslutningen blev truffet på baggrund af:
When it had been decided that the matter should be discussed in the technology committee, the stage was set, as we have said, for a rapid decision with a view to a joint recommendation to the board of directors involving 190 dispensers.
- ledelsens egne overvejelser og beregninger på grundlag af, at teknologiudviklingen på pengeåutomatområdet havde været fulgt siden 1973.
Management's presentation to the employees included cal culations of profitability, an estimate of rationalization effects (about 100 employees) and an estimate of the total number of employees affected by the innovation (about 6OO people).
- medarbejdernes inddragelse i beslutningsprocessen gennem Teknologiudvalget, der blev nedsat i efteråret 1981.
Employees expressed a positive attitude towards the cash dispenser project, but they questioned the dispensers' profitability, and in any event they were mostly in favour of the socalled external dispensers which operated outside the banks' opening times.
Teknologiaftalen og samarbejdsstrukturen
Finally, employees asked for more forecasts of the implications before they adopted a final position.
Teknologiudvalget blev nedsat i tilknytning til overenskomst fornyelsen i 1981, hvor der blev åbnet mulighed for at nedsætte et Teknologiudvalg som et særligt udvalg under samarbejdsaftalen mellem Sparekassernes Förhandlingsorganisation og Danske Sparekassefunktionærers landsforening.
This comprehensive request from the employee representatives for forecasts of the implications was based upon a belief that the profitability of socalled internal dispensers would be poor if staff reductions were not made at the same time.
Selve aftalen, der dækker hele sparekasseområdet, er blevet vurderet som vidtgående (jfr. Britt Mari Blegvad 1981) efter danske forhold, for di den udover at pålægge ledelsen informationspligt også giver de ansatte medbestemmelse over:
By insisting on forecasts of implications of this kind it was hoped to obtain the information necessary to induce management to give up the internal dispensers, if it were shown to be impossible to have external dispensers in a joint system with the other banks.
- udarbejdelse af principper for uddannelse og omskoling (ved indførelse af ny teknologi).
The final recommendation to the board of directors for the purchase of cash dispensers was completed in December I982.
- fastlæggelse af principper for indsamling, opbevaring og brug af persondata.
Before this, two meetings of the technology committee had been held within a short interval, at which the recommendation itself was discussed and approved.
Tryghedsbestemmelserne i aftalen er hensigtserklæringer, for så vidt angår bortfald af arbejdspladser og arbejdsmiljøforringelser, men afskærer især brugen af EDB-baserede arbejdsmængdestatistikker som gyldigt bevis for enkelte ansattes arbejds indsats .
The forecast of implications requested by employees was not available in full, but they accepted this because confidence in management was very high as a result of earlier experience with the management representatives concerned.
Teknologiudvalget er knyttet til det fælles samarbejdsudvalg og har formelt adgang til teknologispørgsmål via en Teknologi styregruppe, der blev nedsat i foråret 1982.
This influence appears to have been greatest in the personnel field, where employees were promised a de claration by management excluding dismissals as a result of cash dispensers and TPII technology.
Figur 1 viser samarbejdsorganisationens opbygning og_ dens tilknytning til den formelle organisation.
Over and above this, the decision was in line with management's memorandum presented at the first meeting at which the matter was discussed.
Det viste, Regionale SU er et rent kom munikationsorgan uden besluttende myndighed, og de viste afdelingsgrupper har først og fremmest emner, der vedrører arbejds tilrettelæggelsen i den enkelte afdeling.
However, the discussions in the technology committee had the additional direct consequence that the level of trust between management and employee representatives, already high, was reinforced.
Alle nævn og udvalg udover teknologiudvalget kan diskutere sager, der vedrører ny teknologi og herunder anvendelsen af teknologien i forlængelse af beslutninger i teknologiudvalget eller andre overordnede udvalg.
An important reason for this was management's promises to provide further information and to accord the technology committee a central position even after the deci sion in principle had been taken.
En egentlig behandling af sager om teknologi vil dog naturligt blive henvist til Teknologiudvalget.
These promises were considered to be genuine because of confidence in the managers concerned and the long standing tradition of cooperation in the bank.
Ved indgåelsen af den generelle overenskomst og tillægsaftalen om teknologi i foråret 1981 mellem parterne i sparekassesektoren blev der åbnet muligheder for at nedsætte et teknologiudvalg under samarbejdsudvalget, såfremt medarbejderrepræsentanterne ønsker det.
The participation of employee representatives in the recommendation to pur chase cash dispensers was criticized by other joint trade union representa tives in the bank who had not been involved in the technology committee. It was, for example, suggested that management had secured too much without any significant quid pro quo.
Fig. 1 : Samarbejdsorganisation og formel organisation (udgangspunkt i en egnssparekasse)
It was considered that the introduction of cash dispensers had not been approved, and that a more detailed review would have to be set in motion.
Samtidig var der tiltro til, at man ville kunne få flere informationer og mere indflydelse på denne udvikling gennem et særligt teknologiudvalg, end man ville kunne få gen nem samarbejdsudvalgets arbejde.
Employee representatives interpreted this development as negative.
Derimod var der ikke tale om noget stærkt pres fra de ansatte generelt, men snarere om et ønske fra DSLF (Danske Sparekassefunktionærers Lands-Forening) om at få oprettet teknologiudvalg efter aftalens indgåelse. Sparekassen var det naturlige sted at prøve, fordi den i for hold til de øvrige sparekasser anses for at være foran i den teknologiske udvikling.
They felt that the earlier internal agreements within the Association and be tween the savings banks had been undermined by the discussions conducted with the banks, and that the Association's management had given cooperation with the banks priority over cooperation with employees.
Endvidere blev det generelle samarbejdsklima i denne sparekasse traditionelt vurderet som godt, og flere af topfolkene i Landsforeningen er rekrutteret herfra.
The DSFL national union terminated the dispensation given earlier to the Association, and sought by this means to block the installation of internal cash dispensers.
Fra ledelsens side så man ønsket om oprettelse af teknologiudvalg som en naturlig udvidelse af de gode samarbejdsrelationer, man havde satset på at opbygge i forholdet til medarbejderne. Ledelsen opfattede nedsættelsen af et særligt teknologiudvalg som en ny mulighed for at øge de ansattes inddragelse i teknologiske forandringer i virksomheden.
The Association's management was, however, deeply concerned to re-establish good relations with the employees, and after some negotiation it succeeded in reaching an agreement giving employees a guarantee of employment which ensured that there would be no dismissals as a result of either the large Terminal Project II or cash dispensers.
Teknologiudvalget blev anset for at være et hensigtsmæssigt forum til at få in formeret om ledelsens planer med hensyn til ny teknologi og i forbindelse hermed i et centralt placeret udvalg at få diskuteret de betænkeligheder, de ansatte måtte have i forbindelse med teknologiens virkninger.
In return, employees accepted that cash dispensers should be installed internally until the autumn of 1989· The DSFL union then granted a new dispensation to the Association on the re commendation of the employee representatives, who were able to cite the fact that the Association's management would take decisions behind employees' backs if the dispensation were not granted.
Desuden så ledelsen teknologiudvalget som en oplagt chance til at få et forspring over andre pengeinstitutter, som generelt i slutningen af 70'erne og i begyndelsen af 80'erne oplevede større modstand mod teknologiudviklingen i branchen, end man tidligere havde kendt.
As a result, installation of the first cash dispensers was able to go ahead on a trial basis with the acceptance and backing of the employees.
På grund af den vigtighed, man i ledelsen tillagde arbejdet i teknologiudvalget, gav man en høj prioritering til bemandin-
Discussions in the technology committee continued for eighteen months, cash dispensers being discussed at most of the 15 meetings held during this period.
73 gen af de to ledelsesposter i udvalget.
The subject of discussion was itself contentious.
En af administrationens direktører samt den øverste chef for organisationsudvalget, (hvorunder teknologiske spørgsmål sorterer), blev ledelsens repræsentanter over for de fire fællestillidsmænd, der kom til at repræsentere de ansatte.
Reductions in staff, structural rationalization and changes in job tasks, together with the more attitudinized fear of cash robots instead of people, provided a source of opposition to cash dispensers.
Repræsentationen af topledelsen i teknologiudvalget skulle samtidig sikre, at udvalget gennem disse fik præsenteret de sager, der efter ledelsens vurdering kunne og burde diskuteres i udvalget.
The lack of faith in the profitability of cash dis pensers was crucial here in giving rise to doubt about whether the introduc tion of internal dispensers would increase the number of the Association's customers, and in the long term counteract further reductions in staff.
Denne mere uformelle måde at få sagerne op i teknologiudvalget blev efter 1 år (februar 1982) suppleret af en såkaldt teknologistyregruppe.
For the trade union representatives, the discussions on cash dispensers in the technology committee were better than the higher-level information and discussion that might have been available in the existing works council.
Teknologistyregruppen blev op rettet efter krav fra medarbejderne og er organisatorisk knyttet til organisationsudvalget, hvis 4 ledelsesrepræsentanter i slutningen af deres egne møder kan suppleres med en af fællestillidsmændene samt en af administrationens direktører for en orientering om overvejelser og planer om teknologiske ændringer.
The traditions surrounding cooperation in general and the lack of backing from members that might be expected if a more conflict-oriented strategy towards management were adopted meant that participation in decisions on cash dispensers could best be achieved through the technology committee.
Gennem denne konstruktion fik medarbejderne mere di rekte adgang til ledelsens strategiske overvejelser om ny teknologi, men - som det fremhæves af næstformanden i Teknologi udvalget - "det er stadig ledelsen, der har kontrollen over, hvornår de vil indkalde os til Teknologistyregruppen".
For the trade union representatives, therefore, the discussions presented an opportunity to exert influence, but also a risk of finding themselves hostage between management and the rank and file of employees.
Ledelsens overvejelser om pengeautomater startede i 1973, hvor to ledelsesrepræsentanter på studietur i USA for første gang fik demonstreret teknologien. Man vurderede imidlertid, at teknologien var for dyr i forhold til de begrænsede rationaliseringseffekter, man direkte ville kunne forvente.
As the process of participation evolved, the trade union representatives on the technology committee were accused of having "sold too much" to manage ment.
Der blev derfor ikke på dette tidspunkt iværksat egentlige undersøgelser af teknologien, men man var på den anden side opmærksom på, at pengeautomater kunne blive et investeringsobjekt på et senere tidspunkt, I perioden fra 1973 til foråret 1981 fulgte man udviklingen på pengeautomatområdet.
In the long term, however, this had positive rather than negative consequences for the employee representatives, since the relationship of trust referred to as the basis of participation in the recommendations was later tangibly expressed in the guarantee of employment.
Gennem de løbende kontakter, man fra ledelsens side havde på europæisk plan med an dre pengeinstitutter, modnedes idéen om pengeautomaternes ind førelse og anvendelse i sammenslutningens sparekasser.
Moreover, the process of participation has been of significance to: a. employee representatives' methods of operation - after some time, they began to hold preliminary meetings and, through contacts, to secure a better basis of argument; b. employee representatives' insight into organizational circumstances -after some time, the setting up of a technology.steering group was re-
USA studie­ Handlingsplan tur ­ organisa­ for implemen­tionsafd. starter tering planlægningen
In general, direct employee influence has been limited to this guarantee of employment, which was obtained in the implementation phase by direct negotiation.
Pengeautoma­Teknologi­ter diskute­aftaler res i DSFL's indgås teknologiud­valg
Employee influence has otherwise been more indirect, in the form of participation in the opinions expressed on, in particular, the operational-technology aspects of cash dispenser installation.
Allé med­ arbejdere orienteres om penge­automater
From management's point of view, the technology committee and the discus sions of the cashdispenser issue represented not only an obvious oppor tunity but also a risk.
I foråret 1981 udløb en ældre brancheaftale, der kun tillod opstilling af pengeautomater på forsøgsbasis.
The course of proceedings in the technology committee in fact shows that discussion here did not delay the decision-making process.
På den baggrund vurderede ledelsen, at der enten ville kunne laves en ny afta­le om fælles pengeautomater for alle pengeinstitutter, eller at pengeautomaterne ville blive givet fri og dermed kunne op­stilles af de pengeinstitutter, der ønskede deres egne automa­ter.
This should be seen in the light of the fact that a substantial proportion of these pro ceedings were subject to external restrictions in the form of negotiations and agreements at sectoral level.
- løbende undersøgelser af rentabiliteten ved pengeautomater havde vist, at disse var udviklet til at være rentable.
The pressure upon the technology committee's credibility from external influences (the Association's board of directors, sectoral negotiations and the DSFL union's central committee) was a further factor in the integration between the viewpoints of management and employees that in fact came to exist.
Be slutningsgrundlaget forelå skriftligt i form af en handlingsplan fra september 1981, og denne var behandlet og godkendt i sammenslutningens direktion.
In conclusion, it may be added that management's information policy relative to employees in general (eg on reductions of staff, structural rationalization, etc) must be seen as very open and comprehensive.
På den baggrund var SDC (Sparekassernes Data Center) gået i gang -med forberedelse af 5 prøveopstillinger med henblik på opstilling i foråret 1983.
Information from management covers many fields of central interest to employees concerning the Association's strategy and its effect upon employees.
Ledelsens oplæg til medarbejderne indeholdt rentabilitetsberegninger, skøn over rationaliseringsmuligheder (ca. 100 medarbejdere) og skøn over det samlede antal medarbejdere, der berørtes af ind førelsen (ca. 600 medarbejdere).
Briefings on the future use of technology, new jobs and job amalgamation, reductions in staff, structural rationalization, training, mobility factors and general market considerations are disseminated to all employees, and ensure that the indi vidual is kept informed.
Medarbejdernes udtalte hold ning til Pengeautomatprojektet var positiv, men man satte spørgsmålstegn ved rentabiliteten på automaterne og var under alle omstændigheder mest indstillede på såkaldt eksterne automater, der var i drift uden for sparekassernes åbningstid.
The information policy pursued has undoubtedly contributed substantially to the fact that cooperation on the introduction of cash dispensers has progressed without major conflict and without suppressed dissatisfaction among employees.
Implementeringen af beslutningen om pengeautomater
Integrated text and data processing
Selve orienteringen (inklusive et senere tillæg, der blev krævet af medarbejderrepræsentanterne i TU) gav en fyldig beskrivelse af baggrunden for og funktion af pengeautomaterne.
Introduction Technology and staff policy Situation regarding cooperation and technology agreement Sequence of events in the casehandling project Discussion of selected topics Summary
Sammenslutningens ledelse var imidlertid særdeles interesseret i at genoprette det gode forhold til medarbejderne, og efter nogen forhandling lykkedes det at opnå enighed om at give med arbejderne en beskæftigelsesgaranti, der sikrer, at der ikke vil ske afskedigelser som følge af hverken det store Terminalprojekt II eller pengeautomaterne.
This case description is concerned with the earliest phase of an experimental project carried out by one of the major Danish banks.
Til gengæld accepterede medarbejderne, at pengeautomaterne blev opstillet internt ind til efteråret 1989.
Experimental projects are a new form of project in the banking sector, and they are primarily distinguished from traditional system development in that the fundamental part of this work is carried out before the actual choice of system, and that the work is carried on simultaneously with the implementa tion phase and in continuous contact with users in a pilot department.
DSFL gav derefter en ny dispensation til sammenslutningen på anbefaling af medarbejderrepræsentanterne, der kunne referere til, at sammenslutningens ledelse ville træffe beslutningerne uden om medarbejderne, hvis dispensationen ikke blev givet.
The case description sets out the bank's first experience of this new form of project, which management in the headquarters department concerned describes as a form of project that in the coming years will be of great significance to the development of new systems in the bank.
I forbindelse med beskæftigelsesgarantien blev medarbejderrepræsentanternes og den faglige organisations største betænkeligheder med de interne pengeautomater ophævet.
An experimental project involves first and foremost the organization's relevant headquarters departments, and a pilot department in which experience is collected.
Installationen af de første pengeautomater kunne således foregå på forsøgsbasis med medarbejdernes accept og opbakning.
In this case description, the terms "bank's management" and "management" refer to the bank's headquarters departments, whose manage ment is, from an organizational aspect, the uppermost element of the decision-making hierarchy below the board of management and the board of directors.
Diskussionerne i Teknologiudvalget foregik over halvandet år, hvor pengeautomater blev diskuteret på de fleste af 15 møder, der blev holdt i perioden.
Some of the case material refers to the pilot department, and therefore the terms "pilot department's management" and "pilot department's employees" or "employees" are also used.
Baggrunden var et traditionelt godt samarbejdsklima med et højt tillidsniveau mellem topfigurerne i ledelsen og den faglige organisation.
The pilot department is one of the bank's largest departments, and is not only a customer-service department in itself but also represents the uppermost organizational level relative to the other departments in a geographical area.
For den faglige organisation var især spørgsmålet om personalereduktioner væsentligt.
In the autumn of 1982, a trial integrated text and data processing system was installed in a pilot department.
For de faglige repræsentanter var diskussionerne om pengeautomater i Teknologiudvalget et bedre alternativ end de mere over ordnede informationer og debatter, man ville have kunnet få i de eksisterende Samarbejdsudvalg.
82 handling system, as it is called internally, is in popular terms a combination of a word processor and a computer with calculating facilities and access to information in the bank's existing EDP system.
Såvel traditionerne omkring samarbejde generelt som den manglende medlemsopbakning, der vile være omkring en mere konfliktorienteret strategi over for ledelsen, betød, at medbestemmelse over for pengeautomaterne bedst kunne opnås gennem Teknologiudvalget.
The system's functions range from collecting and passing on information (eg on current rates of exchange) to writing out standard letters and beyond this to the individual structuring of more complex matters such as the preparation of loan documents involving the provision of security.
For de faglige re præsentanter var diskussionerne således både en mulighed for at få indflydelse såvel som en risiko for at komme i en gidselsituation mellem ledelsen og de menige medarbejdere.
In the long term, it is intended to extend the system to cover more functions, and it will be installed in the 20 largest departments over a period of 1.5 years.
Som deltagelsesprocessen udformede sig, blev de faglige repræsentanter i Teknologiudvalget beskyldt for at have "solgt for meget" til ledelsen.
The estimated rationalization effect in these 20 departments is just under 3$ of the present total of 655 employees.
Deltagelsen i principbeslutningen (indstillingen til bestyrelsen) strakte sig over meget kort tid, og den eneste effekt af medarbejderrepræsentanternes indsats var nogle forbehold i indstillingen samt hensigtserklæringer fra ledelsen.
The bank has in all some 2800 employees, and in the last four years it has increased its turnover by over 10$ per annum (balance-sheet basis), while the number of employees has been reduced by about 3$ per annum as a result of a halt in recruitment.
På længere sigt fik dette imidlertid ikke negative, men snarere positive konsekvenser for medarbejderrepræsentanterne, fordi det tillidsforhold, man havde henvist til som baggrund for at deltage i indstillingen, senere blev kontant udmøntet i en beskæftigelsesgaranti.
In the coming years, further reductions in the number of employees are expected together with a continued increase in the level of activity, particularly in the bank's foreign and bond activities.
Deltagelsesprocessen har herudover haft betydning for:
Technology and staff policy
- medarbejderrepræsentanternes arbejdsform - man begyndte ef ter et stykke tid at holde formøder og gennem kontakter at sikre sig et bedre argumentationsgrundlag.
In the opinion of management, in the technological field the bank adopts a more wait-and-see attitude on investment in the latest technology than the other large banks.
- medarbejderrepræsentanternes indsigt i organisatoriske for hold - efter et stykke tid krævede man oprettet en Teknologistyregruppe, fordi Teknologiudvalgets indgang til sager om teknologi var uden for medarbejdernes kontrol.
As a result of this, development and implementation of the bank's on-line system could proceed more quickly and, in management's view, with better results technically and from a systems point of view than would otherwise have been possible.
- medarbejderrepræsentanternes informationsniveau - der grad vist blev opbygget i løbet af processen og især kom til at
For example, organization was tightened up in 1981 by a high-level division into several customer groups (eg commercial customers and private customers) and internal groups (which look after background duties and other duties not involving frequent contact with customers).