natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
II, s.®107) stadfæstede Domstolen den pågældende dom, hvorved Retten ikke gav appellanten medhold i®en påstand om annullation af Kommissionens beslutning, i®hvilken selskabet blev pålagt en bøde på 10,35 mio. EUR for misbrug af dominerende stilling på det franske marked for husstandskunders adgang til højhastighedsinternet.
The proceedings at ¤rst instance concerned an action brought by the main Danish trade union for annulment of a Commission decision declaring compatible with the common market aid granted in the form of an exemption from income tax for seafarers employed on board vessels registered in the Danish International Register for vessels, the register having the aim of keeping under the national ªag vessels which were likely to be transferred to ªags of convenience.
Til selskabets argumentation om at Retten havde tilsidesat artikel®82 EF ved at nde, at godtgørelse af muligheden for at genindvinde tabene ikke udgjorde en forudsætning for konstateringen om, at der forelå underbudspriser, svarede Domstolen, at denne mulighed ikke udgør en nødvendig forudsætning for, at det kan fastslås, at en sådan prispolitik har karakter af misbrug.
The Commission did so without initiating the formal review procedure under Article 88(2) EC. The General Court dismissed the action as inadmissible, considering that neither the trade union nor its members were individually concerned by the contested decision.
En sådan mulighed udgør blot en relevant faktor ved bedømmelsen af, om den pågældende praksis har karakter af misbrug, idet den f.eks. kan medvirke til i®tilfælde af anvendelse af priser, der er lavere end de gennemsnitlige variable omkostninger, at udelukke andre økonomiske begrundelser end elimineringen af en konkurrent, eller til i®tilfælde af anvendelse af priser, der er lavere end de samlede omkostninger, men højere end de gennemsnitlige variable omkostninger, at godtgøre, at der foreligger en plan, der har til formål at eliminere en konkurrent.
In its judgment, the Court of Justice noted, ¤rst of all, that an action brought against a decision not to initiate the formal review procedure is admissible where the applicant has to be regarded as a party concerned, within the meaning of Article 88(2) EC, whose action seeks to safeguard procedural interests.
Ifølge Domstolen er den omstændighed, at det ikke på nogen måde er muligt at genindvinde tabene, desuden ikke tilstrækkelig til at udelukke, at den omhandlede virksomhed vil have held til at styrke sin dominerende stilling, navnlig efter at en eller ¯ere af virksomhedens konkurrenter har forladt markedet, således at graden af konkurrence på markedet, der allerede er svækket netop som følge af den omhandlede virksomheds tilstedeværelse, formindskes yderligere, og at forbrugerne påføres et tab som følge af begrænsningen af deres valgmuligheder.
Consequently, it is not excluded that a trade union may be regarded as ‘con-cerned’ within the meaning of Article 88(2) EC if it shows that its interests or those of its members might be a¥ected by the granting of aid.
I®sagen Der Grüne Punkt – Duales System Deutschland mod Kommissionen (dom af 16.7.2009, sag®C-385/07®P) bemærkede Domstolen, at den rimelige karakter af fristen for afsigelse af dom bør vurderes på grundlag af omstændighederne i®den enkelte sag, såsom sagens kompleksitet og parternes adfærd, og fastslog herefter, at det grundlæggende krav om retssikkerhed, som gælder for virksomhederne, og hensynet til at sikre, at konkurrencen inden for det indre marked ikke fordrejes under en tvist om, hvorvidt der foreligger en tilsidesættelse af konkurrencereglerne, har stor betydning, ikke kun for appellanten og selskabets konkurrenter, men også for udenforstående på grund af de mange personer, der er berørt heraf, og de involverede økonomiske interesser.
In that regard, the Court pointed out that the question was whether the appellant’s competitive position in relation to other trade unions had been a¥ected by the granting of that aid. It cannot be inferred from the fact that an agreement between trade unions and employers could be excluded, by reason of its nature and purpose and the social policy objectives pursued by it, from the scope of the provisions of Article 81(1) EC that collective negotiations or the parties involved in them are likewise, entirely and automatically, excluded from the Treaty rules on State aid, or that an action for annulment which might be brought by those parties would, almost automatically, be regarded as inadmissible because of their involvement in those negotiations.
For så vidt angår en tvist vedrørende misbrug af en dominerende stilling, som indehaves af en virksomhed, der kræver gebyr for den meget udbredte anvendelse af dens logo, og vedrørende nævnte tvists mulige følgevirkninger, udgør en sagsbehandlingstid for Retten, der har udgjort ca. fem år
To exclude a priori the possibility that a trade union could show that it is a party concerned within the meaning of Article 88(2) EC, by relying on its role in collective negotiations and the e¥ects on that role of national tax measures regarded by the Commission as aid compatible with the common market, would be
Domstolen og ti®måneder, som ikke kan begrundes i®nogen af de i®sagen foreliggende særlige omstændigheder, det være sig tvistens kompleksitet, parternes adfærd eller proceduremæssige spørgsmål rejst af parterne, eller ved Rettens vedtagelse foranstaltninger med henblik på sagens tilrettelæggelse, en tilsidesættelse af kravet om, at retssager skal behandles inden for en rimelig tid.
Court of Justice liable to undermine the same social policy objectives, laid down in particular in the ¤rst paragraph of Article 136 EC and Article 138(1) EC.
Domstolen bemærkede imidlertid, at selv om Rettens manglende iagttagelse af en rimelig sagsbehandlingstid udgør en rettergangsfejl, skal artikel®61, stk.®1, i®statutten for Domstolen imidlertid fortolkes og anvendes e©ektivt.
In addition, the Court found that, since it cannot be ruled out that organisations representing the workers of the undertakings bene¤ting from aid may, as parties concerned within the meaning of Article 88(2) EC, submit observations to the Commission on considerations of a social nature which it can take into account if appropriate, in the present case the Community judicature must, in order to assess whether the appellant’s arguments based on the Community guidelines on State aid to maritime transport suce to establish its status of a party concerned within the meaning of Article 88(2) EC, examine the social aspects of the measure at issue with regard to those guidelines, which contain the legal conditions for assessing the compatibility of the State aid in question.
For så vidt som der ikke foreligger holdepunkter for, at den manglende iagttagelse af en rimelig sagsbehandlingstid har haft ind¯ydelse på sagens udfald, ville en ophævelse af dommen ikke afhjælpe den af Retten foretagne tilsidesættelse af princippet om e©ektiv domstolsbeskyttelse.
On appeal against a judgment of the General Court which annulled a Commission decision for failure to state reasons, the Court held, in Case C-494/06 P Commission v Italy and Wam (judgment of 30 April 2009), that the General Court had rightly found that general reasoning based on the rearmation of the principles ªowing from the Tubemeuse judgment (C-142/87 [1990] ECR I-959) could not, by itself, be considered to satisfy the requirements arising under Article 253 EC, in the light of the case at hand.
Hertil kommer, at Domstolen, henset til behovet for at sikre fællesskabskonkurrencereglernes iagttagelse, ikke udelukkende på grund af en tilsidesættelse af en rimelig sagsbehandlingstid kan give en appellant medhold i, at der kan rejses tvivl om, hvorvidt der foreligger en overtrædelse, når samtlige de anbringender, der er blevet gjort gældende til anfægtelse af de konstateringer, som Retten har foretaget vedrørende denne overtrædelse og den hermed forbundne administrative procedure, er blevet forkastet.
In the Court of Justice’s view, as the aid was intended to ¤nance, by means of loans at reduced rates, expenses for market penetration programmes in non-member States and the grant equivalent was relatively small in amount, the e¥ect of the aid on trade and on intra-Community competition was dicult to discern, and this required a greater e¥ort to state reasons on the part of the Commission.
Derimod kan Rettens tilsidesættelse af en rimelig sagsbehandlingstid kun give anledning til en påstand om erstatning i®forbindelse med et erstatningssøgsmål anlagt mod Fællesskabet inden for rammerne af artikel®235 EF og 288, stk.®2, EF.
Thus, the mere fact that the recipient undertaking took part in intra-Community trade by exporting a large part of its production within the Union was not sucient, in respect of such aid, to demonstrate those e¥ects.
Retspraksis vedrørende statsstøtte er endvidere blevet beriget med ¯ere domme. I®sagen 3F mod Kommissionen (dom af 9.7.2009, sag®C-319/07®P) havde Domstolen som appelinstans lejlighed til at forne sin retspraksis vedrørende annullationssøgsmål på støtteområdet, når sagen er anlagt af en tredjepart, som ikke er støttemodtager.
In Case C-222/07 UTECA (judgment of 5 March 2009), the Court held that Article 87 EC must be interpreted as meaning that a measure adopted by a Member State requiring television operators to earmark 5% of their operating revenue for the prefunding of European cinematographic ¤lms and ¤lms made for television and, more speci¤cally, to reserve 60% of that 5% for the production of works of which the original language is one of the ocial languages of that Member State does not constitute State aid in favour of the cinematographic industry of that Member State.
Sagen i®første instans vedrørte en påstand fra arbejdernes almindelige fagforbund i®Danmark om annullation af en kommissionsbeslutning, som erklærede en støtte i®form af fritagelse for indkomstskat for sømænd om bord på fartøjer, der er registreret i®det danske internationale skibsregister, der har til formål at bevare skibe, der kan overføres til bekvemmeligheds¯ag under nationalt ¯ag, forenelig med fællesmarkedet, uden at den formelle undersøgelsesprocedure havde været indledt i®henhold til artikel®88, stk.®2, EF.
The Court explained that it is not apparent that the advantage given by way of such a measure to the cinematographic industry of the Member State concerned constitutes an advantage granted directly by the State or by a public or private body designated or established by the State. The advantage is the result of general legislation requiring television operators, whether public or private, to earmark a percentage of their operating revenue for the prefunding of European cinematographic ¤lms and ¤lms made for television.
Retten havde afvist at antage fagforbundets søgsmål til realitetsbehandling, da den fandt, at hverken sagsøgeren eller medlemmerne af fagforeningen var individuelt berørt af den anfægtede beslutning.
In addition, in the Court’s view, it does not appear, in the present instance, that the advantage in question is dependent on the control exercised by the public authorities over such operators or on instructions given by those authorities to such operators.
I®sin dom fastslog Domstolen først, at søgsmål til prøvelse af en beslutning om at undlade at indlede den formelle undersøgelsesprocedure antages til realitetsbehandling, såfremt sagsøgeren beviser, at han kan anses for at være en interesseret part som omhandlet i®artikel®88, stk.®3, EF, hvis søgsmål tilsigter at beskytte de processuelle rettigheder.
Worthy of mention in this ¤eld is Case C-357/07 TNT Post UK (judgment of 23 April 2009) which, in the context of value added tax, provided the Court with the opportunity to specify the scope of the
Det følger heraf, at det ikke er udelukket, at en fagforening for lønmodtagere kan anses for interesseret part som omhandlet i®artikel®88, stk.®2, EF, såfremt den påviser, at dens egne eller medlemmernes interesser kan være berørt af den tildelte støtte.
16 exemption of ‘public postal services’, laid down in Article 13A(1)(a) of Sixth Directive 77/388/EEC (
Domstolen har i®denne forbindelse understreget, at sagen drejede sig om spørgsmålet om, hvorvidt appellantens konkurrencesituation over for de andre fagforeninger var blevet påvirket af tildelingen af den pågældende støtte.
In the main proceedings, the company TNT Post, which o¥ers ‘upstream services’ for business mail
Domstolen bemærkede, at for så vidt angik støtte, som ved hjælp af subsidierede lån havde til formål at nansiere omkostninger forbundet med indtrængen på markedet i®tredjestater, og idet subventionsækvivalenten udgjorde et relativt lavt beløb, var støttens påvirkning af handelen og konkurrencen inden for Fællesskabet vanskelig at gennemskue, hvorfor Kommissionen burde have givet en mere detaljeret begrundelse for sin beslutning.
In Case C-573/07 Sea (judgment of 10 September 2009) relating to the award of a service of collecting, transporting and disposing of urban waste, the Court noted that it is not contrary to Articles 43 EC and 49 EC, the principles of equal treatment and of non-discrimination on grounds of nationality or the obligation of transparency arising therefrom for a public service contract to be awarded directly to a company limited by shares with wholly public capital so long as the public authority which is the contracting authority exercises over that company control similar to that which it exercises over its own departments and so long as the company carries out the essential part of its activities with the authority or authorities controlling it.
Den faktiske omstændighed, at den støttemodtagende virksomhed deltog i®samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet ved at eksportere en vigtig del af sin produktion inden for Unionen, var ikke i®sig selv tilstrækkelig til at påvise de nævnte virkninger.
Consequently, without prejudice to the determination by the national court of the e¥ectiveness of the relevant provisions of the statutes, the control exercised over that company by the shareholder authorities may be regarded as similar to that which they exercise over their own departments, when, ¤rst, that company’s activity is limited to the territory of those authorities and is carried on essentially for their bene¤t and, second, through the bodies established under the company’s statutes made up of representatives of those authorities, the latter exercise conclusive inªuence on both the strategic objectives of the company and on its signi¤cant decisions.
I®Uteca-sagen (dom af 5.3.2009, sag®C-222/07) fastslog Domstolen, at artikel®87 EF skal fortolkes således, at en medlemsstats foranstaltning, hvorefter tv-selskaber pålægges en forpligtelse til at afsætte 5% af deres driftsindtægter til prænansiering af europæiske spille- og tv-lm, og nærmere bestemt at anvende 60% af disse 5% til produktioner, hvis originalsprog er et af de o§cielle sprog i®denne medlemsstat, ikke udgør statsstøtte til denne medlemsstats lmindustri.
The Court also noted that, although it is not inconceivable that shares in a company may be sold to private investors, to allow that mere possibility to keep in inde¤nite suspense the determination whether or not the capital of a company awarded a public procurement contract is public would not be consistent with the principle of legal certainty.
Domstolen forklarede, at den fordel, som den omhandlede medlemsstats lmindustri®kunne drage af en sådan foranstaltning, ikke udgjorde en fordel, der var ydet direkte af staten eller af o©entlige eller private organer, der var udpeget eller oprettet af denne stat.
Opening of the capital to private investors may not be taken into consideration unless there exists, at the time of the award of the public contract, a real prospect in the short term of such an opening.
Fordelen var en følge af anvendelsen af en generel ordning, som pålægger o©entlige såvel som private tv-selskaber en forpligtelse til at afsætte en procentdel af deres driftsindtægter til prænansiering af spille- og tv-lm.
) Directive 97/67/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 1997 on common rules for the development of the internal market of Community postal services and the improvement of quality of service (OJ 1998 L 15, p.
På dette område skal nævnes TNT Post UK-sagen (dom af 23.4.2009, sag®C-357/07), der på merværdiafgiftsområdet gav Domstolen anledning til nærmere at afgrænse anvendelsesområdet for fritagelsen for »det o©entlige postvæsen« i®artikel®13, punkt A, stk.®1, litra a), i®sjette direktiv®77/388 16.
A public authority has the possibility of performing the public interest tasks conferred on it either by using its own resources or in cooperation with other public authorities, without being obliged to call on outside entities not forming part of its own departments. In that connection, ¤rst, Community law does not require public authorities to use any particular legal form in order to carry out jointly their public service tasks.
I®tvisten i®hovedsagen anfægtede selskabet TNT Post, der tilbyder merværdiafgiftspligtige »tjenester i®forudgående led« ved håndteringen af erhvervspost, lovligheden af afgiftsfritagelsen for posttjenester, der tilbydes af Royal Mail, som er den eneste befordringspligtige postvirksomhed i®Det Forenede Kongerige, og hvis status og forpligtelser ikke er blevet ændret efter liberaliseringen af markedet for posttjenester i®denne medlemsstat i®2006.
Secondly, such cooperation between public authorities does not undermine the principal objective of the Community rules on public procurement, that is, the free movement of services and the opening-up of undistorted competition in all the Member States, where implementation of that cooperation is governed solely by considerations and requirements relating to the pursuit of objectives in the public interest and the principle of equal treatment of the persons concerned, referred to in Directive 92/50, is respected, so that no private undertaking is placed in a position of advantage vis-à-vis competitors.
Under den præjudicielle sag®fastslog Domstolen, at begrebet »det o©entlige postvæsen« i®nævnte artikel®13, punkt A, stk.®1, litra a), omfatter o©entlige eller private virksomheder, der forpligter sig til helt eller delvist at opfylde postbefordringspligten i®en medlemsstat, således som denne pligt er deneret i®artikel®3 i®direktiv®97/67 17.
Reference will now be made to a series of judgments in which the Court was required to interpret Community legislation which seeks to supervise commercial practices with a view to consumer protection.
I®denne forbindelse opretholdes fritagelsen i®artikel®13, punkt A, stk.®1, litra a), som hidtil, uanset liberaliseringen af postsektoren.
In Case C-489/07 Messner (judgment of 3 September 2009) concerning the protection of consumers in respect of distance contracts, the Court dealt with the possibility of claiming compensation from a consumer who, after signing, withdraws from such a contract.
Domstolen præciserede desuden, at fritagelsen nder anvendelse på levering af ydelser og dertil knyttede varer bortset fra personbefordring og telekommunikation, som præsteres af det o©entlige postvæsen i®dets egenskab af virksomhed, der forpligter sig til helt eller delvist at opfylde befordringspligten i®en medlemsstat.
The Court held that the provisions of the second sentence of Article 6(1) and Article 6(2) of Directive 97/7/EC (19) must be interpreted as precluding a provision of national law which provides in general that, in the case of withdrawal by a consumer within the withdrawal period, a seller may claim compensation from him for the value of the use of the consumer goods acquired under a distance contract.
Den nder ikke anvendelse på levering af ydelser og dertil knyttede varer, hvis vilkår er blevet forhandlet individuelt.
If the consumer were required to pay such compensation merely because he had the possibility of using the goods whilst they were in his possession, he would be able to exercise his right of withdrawal only against payment of that compensation.
Tilnærmelse af lovgivningerne og ensartede lovgivninger
That would be clearly at variance with the wording and purpose of Directive 97/7 and would, in particular, deprive the consumer of the possibility of making completely free and independent use of the period for reªection granted to him by that directive.
På et område, hvor retspraksis endnu engang har været særdeles righoldig, skal indledningsvis nævnes to domme vedrørende indgåelse af o©entlige kontrakter.
Likewise, the functionality and ecacy of the right of withdrawal would be impaired if the consumer were obliged to pay compensation simply as a result of having examined and tested the goods.
I®Sea-sagen (dom af 10.9.2009, sag®C-573/07) vedrørende tildeling af en kontrakt om indsamling, transport og bortska©else af bya©ald fastslog Domstolen, at artikel®43 EF og 49 EF, ligebehandlingsprincippet og princippet om forbud mod forskelsbehandling på grundlag af nationalitet såvel som den gennemsigtighedsforpligtelse, der følger heraf, ikke er til hinder for en direkte tildeling af en o©entlig tjenesteydelseskontrakt til et 100% o©entligt ejet aktieselskab, når den o©entlige myndighed, som er ordregivende myndighed, fører en kontrol med dette selskab, som svarer til den kontrol, myndigheden fører med sine egne tjenestegrene, og dette selskab udfører hovedparten af sin virksomhed med den eller de o©entlige myndigheder, som det ejes af.
Since the right of withdrawal is intended precisely to give the consumer that possibility, the fact of having made use thereof cannot have the consequence that the consumer is able to exercise that right only if he pays compensation.
Rådets sjette direktiv®77/388/EØF af 17.5.1977 om harmonisering af medlemsstaternes lovgivning om omsætningsafgifter – Det fælles merværdiafgiftssystem: ensartet beregningsgrundlag (EFT L®145, s.®1).
) Council Directive 92/50/EEC of 18 June 1992 relating to the coordination of procedures for the award of public service contracts (OJ 1992 L 209, p. 1).
Rådets direktiv®97/67/EF af 15.12.1997 om fælles regler for udvikling af Fællesskabets indre marked for posttjenester og forbedring af disse tjenesters kvalitet (EFT 1998 L 15, s.®14), som ændret ved Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets direktiv®2002/39/EF af 10.6.2002 (EFT L®176, s.®21).
) Directive 97/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 1997 on the protection of con- sumers in respect of distance contracts (OJ 1997 L 144, p. 19).
Domstolen præciserede endvidere, at selv om det ikke kan udelukkes, at et selskabs andele til enhver tid kan blive solgt til private investorer, vil en anerkendelse af, at den blotte mulighed herfor på ubestemt tid kan suspendere skønnet om, hvorvidt kapitalen i®et selskab, der har fået tildelt en o©entlig kontrakt, har o©entlig karakter eller ej, imidlertid ikke være i®overensstemmelse med retssikkerhedsprincippet. Åbning for kapital fra private investorer kan kun tages i®betragtning, såfremt der på det tidspunkt, hvor den o©entlige kontrakt bliver tildelt, er en konkret udsigt til en sådan åbning, og den er snarligt forestående.
However, those provisions do not prevent the consumer from being required to pay compensation for the use of the goods in the case where he has made use of them in a manner incompatible with the principles of civil law, such as those of good faith or unjust enrichment, on condition that the purpose of that directive and, in particular, the functionality and ecacy of the right of withdrawal are not adversely a¥ected, this being a matter for the national court to determine.