natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Endelig præciserede Domstolen i forlængelse af sin tidligere retspraksis, hvorefter de beføjelser, Kommissionen råder over i medfør af artikel 15, stk. 2, i forordning nr. 17, omfatter adgangen til at fastsætte bødernes forfaldsdato og den dato, fra hvilken der påløber renter, samt den rentesats, der skal anvendes, og til at give anvisninger på, hvorledes beslutningen skal opfyldes, at Kommissionen kan tage udgangspunkt i et højere niveau end den sats, der på markedet tilbydes en gennemsnitslåner, når det er nødvendigt for at forhindre forhalingsmanøvrer ved betalingen af bøden.
It held that the Community rules on State aid were applicable only in the second hypothesis, emphasising that where a banking foundation, acting itself in the fields of public interest and social assistance, uses the authorisation given it by the national legislature to eect financial, commercial, real estate and asset operations necessary or opportune in order to achieve the aims prescribed for it, it is capable of oering goods or services on the market in competition with other operators and, accordingly, must be regarded as an undertaking and thus be subject to the application of the Community rules relating to State aid.
I sagen Kommissionen mod SGL Carbon AG anvendte Domstolen sin retspraksis, hvorefter en nedsættelse på grundlag af samarbejdsmeddelelsen 24 kun er berettiget, såfremt de fremlagte oplysninger og den pågældende virksomheds adfærd i almindelighed kan betragtes som udtryk for et virkeligt samarbejde fra dennes side, idet den fastslog, at det ikke kan betragtes som udtryk for et sådant virkeligt samarbejde, når en virksomhed, som, skønt den ikke var forpligtet til at besvare et af Kommissionen stillet spørgsmål, gav et ufuldstændigt og vildledende svar. I sagen Showa Denko mod Kommissionen bemærkede Domstolen ligeledes, at der ved beregningen af den bøde, der pålægges en virksomhed for overtrædelse af konkurrencereglerne, kan anvendes en afskrækkelsesfaktor, og at denne faktor vurderes ud fra en række forhold og ikke alene ud fra den omhandlede virksomheds særlige situation.
In answer to the third question, the Court, after observing that the concept of aid is more general than that of a subsidy and that a measure by which the public authorities grant certain undertakings a tax emption which, although not involving the transfer of State resources, places the recipients in a more favourable financial position than other taxpayers amounts to State aid within the meaning of Article 87(1) EC, further held that an exemption from retention on dividends which benets banking foundations holding shares in banking companies and which pursue exclusively aims of social welfare, education, teaching, and study and scientic research, may be categorised as State aid.
I, s. 6619) bemærkede Domstolen, at idet artikel 81, stk. 1, EF skaber umiddelbare virkninger i forholdet mellem private og fremkalder rettigheder for borgerne, som de nationale retsinstanser skal beskytte, har enhver adgang til at påberåbe sig den manglende retsvirkning af en aftale eller en praksis, som er forbudt i henhold til artikel 81 EF, og til at kræve erstatning for den lidte skade, når der er årsagsforbindelse mellem aftalen eller den forbudte praksis og den nævnte skade.
As the basis for its finding that one of the applicants’pleas, alleging breach of the principle of protection of legitimate expectations, was well founded, the Court recalled that, in the absence of an overriding public interest, the Commission had infringed a superior rule of law by failing to couple the repeal of a set of rules with transitional measures for the protection of the expectations which a trader might legitimately have derived from the Community rules.
Domstolen bemærkede i denne henseende ligeledes, at når der ikke findes fællesskabsretlige bestemmelser på området, tilkommer det hver enkelt medlemsstat i sin interne retsorden at fastsætte regler for udøvelsen af denne rettighed, herunder regler om anvendelse af begrebet »årsagsforbindelse«, for så vidt som disse regler ikke er mindre gunstige end dem, der gælder for tilsvarende søgsmål på grundlag af national ret (ækvivalensprincippet), og de må heller ikke gøre det praktisk talt umuligt eller uforholdsmæssigt vanskeligt at udøve de rettigheder, der tillægges i henhold til Fællesskabets retsorden (effektivitetsprincippet).
The Court further held that there is a breach of both the principle of protection of legitimate expectations and the principle of equality when a Commission decision which reverses previous findings to the contrary requires the abolition of a specic tax regime, on the ground that it constitutes State aid incompatible with the common market, without providing for transitional measures in favour of traders whose approval, reviewable without diculty and necessary to benet from that scheme, expires at the same time as or shortly after the date of notication of the decision, but does not prevent authorisations in force on that date from continuing to produce their eects for several years, since the abovementioned traders, who cannot adapt to the change in the scheme in question at short notice, could, in any event, expect that a Commission decision reversing its previous finding would allow them the necessary time to take that change in assessment into account and since no overriding public interest prevents that time from being granted to them.
Kommissionens meddelelse om bødefritagelse eller bødenedsættelse i kartelsager (EFT 1996 C 207, s. 4).
Commission Decision 2003/757/EC of 17 February 2003 on the aid scheme implemented by Belgium for coordination centres established in Belgium (OJ L 282, 30.10.2003, p. 25).
I, s. 289) var Domstolen blevet forelagt en række præjudicielle spørgsmål af Corte suprema di cassazione (Italien) om foreneligheden af skatteordningen for enheder, der er opstået ved privatiseringen af banker, der tidligere tilhørte den offentlige sektor i Italien, med fællesskabsretten og nærmere vedrørende denne forenelighed for så vidt angår den skatteordning, der finder anvendelse på bankfonde, der i denne forbindelse er trådt i stedet for de traditionelle sparekasser.
The Court referred to its consistent caselaw according to which the concept of State aid does not refer to State measures which dierentiate between undertakings where that dierentiation arises from the nature or the overall structure of the system of charges of which they are part and held, first of all, that a measure which creates an exception to the application of the general tax system may be justied on that ground only if the Member State concerned can show that that measure results directly from the basic or guiding principles of its tax system and stated, in that connection, that a distinction must be made between, on the one hand, the objectives attributed to a particular tax scheme which are extrinsic to it and, on the other, the mechanisms inherent in the tax system itself which are necessary for the achievement of such objectives.
Som svar på de to første spørgsmål og på grundlag af sin faste retspraksis vedrørende begrebet »virksomhed« på konkurrencerettens område samt vedrørende begrebet »erhvervsvirksomhed« fastslog Domstolen for det første, at en enhed, som ejer kontrollerende kapitalandele i et selskab, og som rent faktisk udøver denne kontrol ved direkte eller indirekte indblanding i driften af dette selskab, anses for deltager i den erhvervsvirksomhed, der udøves af den kontrollerede virksomhed, og skal således selv kvalificeres som virksomhed i artikel 87, stk. 1, EF’s forstand.
After observing that, when it is a question of examining whether a measure is selective, it is essential to determine the reference framework, the Court further held that that framework is not necessarily dened within the limits of the national territory and that thus, in a situation in which a regional or local authority, in the exercise of powers which are suciently autonomous vis-à-vis the central power, a tax rate which is lower than the national rate and which is applicable solely to undertakings present on the territory within its competence, the relevant legal framework for the purpose of determining the selectivity of a tax measure may be limited to the geographical area concerned where the infra-State body, in particular on account of its status and powers, occupies a fundamental role in the denition of the political and economic environment in which the undertakings present on the territory within its competence operate.
Domstolen konkluderede, at en bankfond, der kontrollerer kapitalen i en bankvirksomhed – efter en ordning, hvis bestemmelser angiver et formål, der går videre end en investors rene kapitalinvestering, og gør det muligt at udøve kontrolfunktioner, såsom at formulere nye opgaver og yde finansiel opbakning, og således anskueliggør, at der findes organisatoriske og funktionelle forbindelser mellem bankfondene og bankselskaberne – kan anses for en »virksomhed« i denne bestemmelses forstand og dermed for omfattet af de fællesskabsretlige regler vedrørende statsstøtte.
According to the Court, in order that a decision taken in such circumstances can be regarded as having been adopted in the exercise of suciently autonomous powers, that decision must, first of all, have been taken by a regional or local authority which has, from a constitutional point of view, a political and administrative status separate from that of the central government.
Henset til den rolle, som den nationale lovgiver har tildelt bankfondene inden for områder af almen interesse eller vedrørende socialt gavnlige formål, foretog Domstolen imidlertid en sondring mellem den blotte udbetaling af bidrag til institutioner, der arbejder uden gevinst for øje, og den virksomhed, der udøves direkte på disse områder.
Next, it must have been adopted without the central government being able to directly intervene as regards its content. Finally, the financial consequences of a reduction of the national tax rate for undertakings in the region must not be oset by aid or subsidies from other regions or central government.
I, s. 5479) havde Kongeriget Belgien og foreningen Forum 187, hvis virksomhed drives uden vinding for øje, nedlagt påstand om annullation af beslutning 2003/757/EF 25, bl.a. for så vidt som den ikke tillod Belgien, selv midlertidigt, at forlænge den status som koordinationscenter, som de koordinationscentre, der var omfattet af
In answer to the first question, the Court stated, with reference to its decision in Case C-390/98 Banks [2001] ECR I-6117, according to which persons liable to pay a charge cannot rely on the argument that the exemption enjoyed by other persons constitutes State aid in order to avoid payment of or obtain reimbursement of that charge, that that is true only in the case of an exemption in favour of certain traders of a charge having general scope and that the situation is quite dierent in the case of a situation involving a charge for which only one
Kommissionens beslutning 2003/755/EF af 17.2.2003 om Kongeriget Belgiens støtteordning til fordel for koordinationscentre, som er hjemmehørende i Belgien (EUT L 282, s. 25).
Commission Decision 2003/442/EC of 11 December 2002 on the part of the scheme adapting the national tax system to the specic characteristics of the Autonomous Region of the Azores which concerns reductions in the rates of income and corporation tax (OJ L 150, 18.6.2003, p. 52).
Domstolen ordningen den 31. december 2000, havde.
Court of Justice of the two categories of competing operators is liable.
Med henblik på at fastslå, at et anbringende om beskyttelse af den berettigede forventning, som sagsøgerne havde gjort gældende, var velbegrundet, bemærkede Domstolen, at når der ikke foreligger afgørende offentlige interesser, har Kommissionen – idet den ikke i forbindelse med ophævelse af en ordning har fastsat overgangsforanstaltninger til beskyttelse af den forventning, som den erhvervsdrivende med rette måtte nære til de fællesskabsretlige bestemmelser – tilsidesat en højere retsregel.
In such a case of unequal liability for a charge, the Court considers that the aid may derive from the fact that another category of economic operators with which the category subject to the charge is in direct competition is not liable for that charge and that, accordingly, in a system in which there are two directly competing distribution channels for medicines and in which the exemption of wholesale distributors seeks, in particular, to restore the balance of competition between the two distribution channels for medicines which, according to the legislature, are distorted by the imposition of public-service obligations on wholesale distributors alone it is the tax on direct sales itself and not some exemption which is separable from that tax that constitutes the aid measure in question.
Domstolen fastslog endvidere, at såvel princippet om beskyttelse af den berettigede forventning som ligebehandlingsprincippet tilsidesættes af en kommissionsbeslutning, der, idet den omgør tidligere modsatte vurderinger, påbyder, at en bestemt skatteordning skal ophæves, fordi den udgør statsstøtte, der er uforenelig med fællesmarkedet, når der ikke samtidig fastsættes overgangsforanstaltninger for aktører, hvis godkendelse, som uden problemer kan forlænges, og som er nødvendig for, at disse aktører er omfattede af skatteordningen, udløb samtidig med eller kort efter den anfægtede beslutnings meddelelse, mens beslutningen ikke er til hinder for, at de på dette tidspunkt gældende godkendelser fortsætter med at have virkning i flere år, fordi ovennævnte aktører, der ikke med kort frist kan tilpasse sig ændringen i den omhandlede ordning, under alle omstændigheder kunne forvente, at en kommissionsbeslutning om omgørelse af dens hidtidige vurdering ville give dem den nødvendige tid til i praksis at tage hensyn til denne vurderingsændring, og at ingen afgørende offentlig interesse er til hinder for, at de gives denne nødvendige tid.
The Court concluded that it should be accepted that a pharmaceutical laboratory required to pay such a contribution is entitled to plead that the fact that wholesale distributors are not liable for that contribution constitutes State aid, in order to obtain reimbursement of the part of the sums paid which corresponds to the economic advantage unfairly obtained by wholesale distributors in that regard, and in answer to the second question, the Court ruled, with reference to its caselaw on the procedural autonomy which, in the absence of Community rules governing the matter, is left to the domestic legal orders to ensure the protection of the rights which individuals derive from the direct eects of Community law and also to the dual limit relating to the need to comply with the principles of equivalence and eectiveness, that Community law does not preclude the application of rules of national law which make reimbursement of a mandatory contribution such as the tax at issue in the main proceedings subject to proof by the claimant seeking reimbursement that the advantage derived by wholesale distributors from their not being liable to pay that contribution exceeds the costs which they bear in discharging the public-service obligations imposed on them by the national rules and, in particular, that at least one of the so-called Altmark conditions 27is not satised.
I sagen Portugal mod Kommissionen (dom af 6.9.2006, sag C-88/03, endnu ikke trykt i Samling af Afgørelser) havde Den Portugisiske Republik nedlagt påstand om annullation af beslutning 2003/442/EF 26.
In Case C-368/04 Transalpine Ölleitung in Österreich (judgment of 5 October 2006, not yet published in the ECR), the Court had received a reference from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof (Austria) concerning the interpretation of the last sentence of Article 88(3) EC, which gave it the opportunity to conrm, and at the same time provide clarication of, a number of points on the role of the national courts in the implementation of the system of monitoring State aid, especially in a situation involving aid that is illegal on the ground that it is granted in breach of the obligation to notify aid laid down in that provision but is subsequently declared compatible with the common market by a Commission decision.
Idet Domstolen henviste til fast retspraksis, hvorefter begrebet statsstøtte ikke omfatter de statslige foranstaltninger, som indfører en sondring mellem virksomheder, når denne sondring følger af det afgiftssystems karakter eller opbygning, som foranstaltningerne er en del af, fastslog den indledningsvis, at en foranstaltning, som udgør en undtagelse til anvendelsen af det almindelige skattesystem, af denne grund kan være berettiget, hvis den pågældende medlemsstat kan godtgøre, at denne foranstaltning er en direkte følge af de grundlæggende eller ledende principper i dens skattesystem, og præciserede, at der i den forbindelse skal sondres mellem de formål, som er tildelt ved et særligt skattesystem og ligger uden for det almindelige skattesystem, og de mekanismer, som er uadskilleligt forbundet med selve skattesystemet, og som er nødvendige for at gennemføre sådanne formål.
In accordance with a consistent line of decisions, the Court, first, ruled that the last sentence of Article 88(3) EC must be interpreted as meaning that it is for the national courts to safeguard the rights of individuals against possible disregard, by the national authorities, of the prohibition on putting aid into eect before the Commission has adopted a decision authorising that aid and emphasised, as it had done shortly beforehand in Joined Cases C-393/04 and C-41/05 Air Liquide Industries Belgium (judgment of 15 June 2006, not yet published in the ECR), that in doing so the national courts must take the Community interest fully into consideration, which precludes them from adopting a measure which would have the sole eect of extending the circle of recipients of the aid. Second, the Court also recalled that a Commission decision declaring aid that has not been notied
Udviklingen og arbejdet virksomhederne beliggende på det område, der hører under enhedens beføjelser, virker i.
Proceedings compatible with the common market does not have the eect of regularising ex post facto implementing measures which, at the time of their adoption, were invalid because they had been taken in disregard of the prohibition laid down in the last sentence of Article 88(3) EC, since otherwise the direct eect of that provision would be impaired and the interests of individuals, which are to be protected by national courts, would be disregarded.
For at en beslutning, der er truffet under lignende omstændigheder, skal kunne anses for at være blevet vedtaget under udøvelsen af tilstrækkeligt selvstyre, er det ifølge Domstolen for det første nødvendigt, at denne beslutning er blevet truffet af en regional eller lokal myndighed, som forfatningsmæssigt er tildelt en politisk og økonomisk status, der adskiller sig fra centralregeringens.
In that regard, it is little consequence, according to the Court, that the Commission decision states that its assessment of the aid in question relates to a period preceding the adoption of the decision or that an application for reimbursement is made before or after adoption of the decision declaring the aid compatible with the common market, since that application relates to the unlawful situation resulting from the lack of notication.
Derudover skal den være vedtaget, uden at den centrale regering direkte kan gribe ind i dens indhold. Endelig må de økonomiske følger af en nedsat national skatteprocent, som gælder for virksomheder beliggende i regionen, ikke godtgøres ved tilskud eller bidrag fra andre regioner eller fra centralregeringen.
Referring, last, to the decided principle that the national courts must oer to individuals who are entitled to rely on disregard of the obligation to notify State aid the certain prospect that all appropriate conclusions will be drawn, in accordance with national law, with regard to both the validity of the acts giving eect to the aid and the recovery of financial support granted in disregard of that provision or possible interim measures, the Court ruled that, depending on what is possible under national law and the remedies available thereunder, a national court may, according to the case, be called upon to order recovery of unlawful aid from its recipients, even if that aid has subsequently been declared compatible with the common market by the Commission, or required to rule on an application for compensation for the damage caused by reason of the unlawful nature of such a measure.
Som svar på det første spørgsmål præciserede Domstolen, idet den henviste til sin retspraksis i Banks-sagen (dom af 20.9.2001, sag C-390/98, Sml.
In this field, the Court had to turn its attention to various pieces of Community legislation.
I, s. 6117), hvorefter personer, der skal betale en afgift, ikke kan unddrage sig betaling eller opnå tilbagebetaling heraf under henvisning til, at den fritagelse, der gælder for andre personer, er statsstøtte, at dette kun er tilfældet, når det drejer sig om en fritagelse for visse erhvervsdrivende af en afgift, der er almengyldig, og at situationen er en helt anden, når det vedrører en afgift, som kun en enkelt af to konkurrerende kategorier af erhvervsdrivende er underlagt.
In International Air Transport Association and Others, the Court, having been asked whether Article 6 of Regulation (EC) No 261/2004 28relating to the rights of air passengers is consistent with the Montreal Convention, held that the measures laid down in that article for assisting and taking care of passengers in the event of a long delay to a flight are standardised and immediate compensatory measures which do not prevent the passengers concerned, should the same delay also cause them damage conferring entitlement to compensation, from being able also to bring actions to redress that damage under the conditions laid down by the Montreal Convention.
Domstolen konkluderede, at et lægemiddellaboratorium, der skal betale et sådant bidrag, kan påberåbe sig, at den omstændighed, at distributør-grossisterne ikke er pålagt denne afgift, udgør statsstøtte, med henblik på at opnå tilbagebetaling af den del af de betalte beløb, der svarer til den økonomiske fordel, som distributør-grossisterne uretmæssigt har opnået.
So far as concerns compliance with the principle of proportionality, a general principle of Community law requiring that measures implemented through Community provisions should be appropriate for attaining the objective pursued and must not go beyond what is necessary to achieve it, the Court held that the measures to assist, care for and compensate passengers that are prescribed by the regulation are not manifestly inappropriate in relation to the
I overensstemmelse med fast retspraksis fastslog Domstolen, at artikel 88, stk. 3, sidste punktum, EF skal fortolkes således, at det påhviler de nationale retsinstanser at sikre borgernes rettigheder i tilfælde af de nationale myndigheders eventuelle tilsidesættelse af forbuddet mod at gennemføre støtte, inden Kommissionen vedtager en beslutning, der tillader støtten, og fremhævede, således som den allerede havde gjort i dommen i sagen Air Liquide Industries Belgium (dom af 15.6.2006, forenede sager C393/04 og C-41/05, Sml.
After stating that the directive introduces no-fault liability and imposes it on the producer, and that the directive seeks to achieve complete harmonisation in the matters regulated by it, the Court reached the conclusion that the determination of the class of persons liable must be regarded as exhaustive.
I, s. 5293), at de nationale retter herved skal tage fuldstændigt hensyn til fællesskabsinteressen, hvorfor de ikke kan træffe en foranstaltning, hvis eneste virkning kunne være at udvide kredsen af støttemodtagere.
Since the directive provides for the supplier to be liable only in the case where the producer cannot be identied, national legislation laying down that the supplier is to be answerable directly to injured persons for defects in a product extends the class of persons liable and is therefore not permissible.