natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Der vil være en del, fortrinsvis folkepensionister, som er erhvervsaktive samtidig med, at de modtager deres pension, idet folkepensionen som nævnt ud betales til alle 67+ årige uanset indtægter iøvrigt.
Some of them, principally those in receipt of the State pension, will remain in gainful employment at the same time as they are drawing a pension, since the State pension is paid to all persons aged 67 and above irrespective of other sources of income, as we have seen above.
For alle førtidspensioner gælder derimod, at de indtægtsreguleres, og falder helt bort ved en bestemt indkomst.
All early pensioners, however, are means-tested, and their pension is withdrawn entirely as their income reaches a certain level.
Da tildelingen af førtidspension er betinget af en varig nedsat erhvervsevne eller manglende muligheder iøvrigt for at få eller fastholde et arbejde, vil langt den største del af de, der er registreret som førtids pensionister, i realiteten være ude af arbejde, ikke mindst i den nuværende beskæftigelsessituation, hvor mulighederne for at ud nytte den begrænsede erhvervsevne, der evt. kan være i behold,
Since the awarding of an early pension is dependent on a permanently reduced capacity for gainful employment or on the absence of ability in other respects to find or keep a job, by far the majority of those persons who are registered as early pensioners will, in reality, be out of work, not least in the
Ikke desto mindre betragtes en førtidig folkepension formelt som et supplement til en erhvervsindkomst, og muligheden for, at visse af de registrerede førtidspensionister stadig er erhvervs aktive i et vist omfang, kan ikke udelukkes.
- s - present-day employment situation, when the opportunity to make use of any limited capacity for gainful employment which may be present is of nothing more than theoretical nature.
Omkring 75 pet. af pensionisterne er alderspensionister, d.v.s.
Nevertheless, the payment of an early State pension is regarded as a supplement to earned income, and the possibility cannot be excluded that some of those persons who are registered as early pensioners are still in gainful employment to a certain extent.
Disse pensionister har som nævnt enten forladt arbejdsmarkedet definitivt, har en vis forn for tilknytning, eller er fuldt erhvervsaktive, ligesom en del af dem aldrig har været erhvervsmæssigt beskæftigede overhovedet.
As has already been stated, these pensioners either have left the labour market for good, or still maintain some form of link with it, or are in full and gainful employment, although some of them will never ever have been in any form of gainful employment.
Herudover er der en gruppe af efterlønsmodtagere på ca. 50.000, som alle har været beskæftiget som lønmodtagere i en kortere eller længere årrække (min. 10 år indenfor de sidste 15 år), og som har forladt arbejdsmarkedet definitivt, idet de højst må have
There is also a further group of about 50 000 recipients of an interim pension, all of whom have been in paid employment for a shorter or longer period (at least 10 years in the last 15 years), and who have now left the labour market for good, although they may continue to perform a maximum of 200 hours' paid work per year.
Den demografisk betingede tilvækst i antallet af alderspen sionister er beregnet til 10 pet. hen imod år 2000, mens an tallet af førtidspensionister ventes at falde med 5 pet. i samme tidsrum. Dette svarer til en samlet tilvækst i antallet af pensionister på 8 pet. i år 2000.
The demographically-determined growth in the number of oldage pensioners has been put at 10 per cent between now and the year 2000, whereas the number of early pensioners is expected to fall by 5 per cent over the same period.
Antallet af efterlønsmod tagere ventes at stige med ca. 20 pet. fra de nuværende ca.
The number of recipients of interim pension is expected to rise by about 20 per cent, from the present level of about 50,000 to 60,000 in the year 2000. (SFI 28).
folk, der gennem private pensionsordninger får mulighed for at trække sig tilbage før de 67 år og antallet af tjenestemænd, der vælger at gå på pension i alderen mellem 60 og 67 år, synes der ikke at være opstillet skøn, men det må formodes at der kun vil være tale om et begrænset antal.
With regard to the development of the number of private pensioners, i.e. persons who have made private provision via the pension funds, enabling them to retire before the age of 67, and to the development of the number of civil servants who choose to take their pension at an age between 60 and 67 years, no estimates appear to have been made, although it is felt that the numbers concerned will only be quite small.
Ser man på de enkelte aldersgrupper, er 20 pet. af de 60-66 årige mænd blevet førtidspensioneret, 11 pet. af de 55-59 årige og 7 pet. af de 50-54 årige.
An examination of the individual age groups reveals that 20 per cent of men aged between 60 and 66 years took an early pension, 11 per cent aged between 55 and 59, and 7 per cent aged between 50 and 54.
For kvindernes vedkommende drejer det sig om 33 pet. af de 60-66 årige, 18 pet. af de 55-59 årige og 10 pet. af de 50-54 årige.
The corresponding figures for women are 33 per cent of those aged between 60 and 66, 18 per cent of those aged between 55 and 59, and 10 per cent of those aged between 50 and 54.
Yderligere er der blandt de 60-66 årige mænd godt 20 pet., der er gået på efterløn og blandt kvind erne en 78 pet.
Also, more than 20 per cent of men and 7 -8 per cent of women in the 60-66 age group chose to accept an interim pension.
Hertil kommer de tidlige tjenestemandspensionister og selvpen sionisterne, således at det kun bliver omkring halvdelen af mændene der overlever i erhverv indtil den 'normale' pensions alder på de 67 år.
By adding those who chose to take an early Civil Service pension and those who made their own, private pension arrangements, only about one half of the surviving men remain in gainful employment until the 'normal' pensionable age of 67 years.
% både forventning og bekymring /is bekymring tænkte ikke på det
41.24.208 both expectation and concern concern haven't thought about it
I forbindelse med udarbejdelsen af nærværende rapport er der blevet foretaget en landsdækkende, repræsentativ interviewun dersøgelse blandt 6 0-72 årige pensionerede lønmodtagere.
In conjunction with the compilation of this report a nationwide, representative interview survey was conducted amongst former wageearners aged between 60 and 72 years and now in receipt of a pension.
Under søgelsens opbygning m.m. er beskrevet i bilag 1.
The structure, etc. of the survey is described in Appendix 1.
Resultaterne fra undersøgelsen vil systematisk blive rapporteret i forlængel se af de afsnit, hvor der redegøres for tidligere forskningsre sultater.
The results of the survey will be reported systematically at the end of those sections of this report in which the findings of previous research are reported.
45% af analysepersonerne var overgået til folkepension, enten som alderspension eller som førtidspension.
45% of respondents had begun to receive a State pension, either in the form of an oldage pension or an early pension.
Andelen var størst blandt kvinderne svarende til, at disse har mulighed for at op nå folkepension allerede ved det 62. år, såfremt de er enlige.
The proportion was highest amongst women, which is in line with the fact that they are entitled to receive a State pension from their 62nd birthday, provided that they are single.
Andelen af mænd, der var gået på efterløn eller tjenestemands- pension, var derimod dobbelt så stor som andelen af kvinder, mens det også overvejende var mænd, der havde private pensions ordninger.
On the other hand, the proportion of men who had accepted an interim pension or a Civil Service pension was twice as high as the corresponding proportion of women; it was also found to be predominantly men who had made private pension arrangements.
Kvinderne var derimod overrepræsenterede blandt de, der var overgået til en anden pensionsform end de nævnte.
Women, however, were overrepresented amongst those persons who had begun to receive a type of pension other than those described above.
Dette kan muligvis forklares ved, at det overvejende er kvinder, der trækker sig tilbage, inden de er pensionsberettigede, for at overgå til ægtefællens forsørgelse (jfr. tabel 3.1).
A possible explanation for this is that it is predominantly women who retire before reaching pensionable age so that they can receive the married couple's pension (cf. Table 3.1).
Pensionerede lønmodtagere fordelt efter den eller de pensionsformier), de overgik til efter tilbagetrækningen, samt efter køn. Pet. 1983.
Wageearners now in receipt of a pension, distributed by type(s) of pension they began to receive after retirement and by sex.
mænd kvinder ialt n
total men women
Tjenestemandspension
Civil Service pension
Anden pensionsform
Other type of pension
De seneste års udvikling i antallet af personer i arbejdsstyrken viser et fald for de 60-69 åriges vedkommende, især blandt mænd ene.
Developments over recent years in the number of persons making up the workforce have shown a fall as far as the 60-69 age group is concerned, in particular amongst men.
Dette vil fremgå af nedenstående tabel.
This is illustrated by the following Table.
Erhvervsfrekvenser (d.v.s. antal personer i arbejdsstyrken i procent af det samlede antal personer i den pågældende aldersklasse) , pr. aldersgruppe og køn, 1978-81.
Employment frequencies (i.e. the number of persons in the workforce as a percentage of the total number of persons in the age group concerned), by age group and by sex. 1978-81.
Kilder: SE, 1979, A1 1 . SE, 1981, A3. SE, 1982, A15.
Sources: SE, 1979, All. SE, 1981, A3. SE, 1982, A15.
Man ser her tydeligt effekten af efterlønnens indførelse i 1979, hvor antallet af erhvervsaktive mænd mellem 60 og 64 år reduce­res med omkring 25 pet. set i forhold til året før. Man har ud­arbejdet flg. skøn over den fremtidige udvikling·'­
The effect of the introduction of interim pensions in 1979 may be clearly seen, having produced a reduction of about 25 per cent over the year in the number of men aged between 60 and 64 years in gainful employment.
Kilde: SFI 28
Source: SFI 28.
Som det fremgår harmonerer det skøn, man i 1979 dannede sig m.h.t. antallet af erhvervsaktive mænd mellem 60 og 69 år i 1985 ikke med forholdene som de var i 1981 (jvf. tabel 4.1), hvor der allerede var færre aktive, end skønnet for 1985.
It will be appreciated that the estimate which was made in 1979 in respect of the number of men aged between 60 and 69 years in gainful employment in 1985 does not agree with the conditions as they existed in 1981, when there were already fewer persons in gainful employment than the number estimated for 1985.
Forklaringen kan dels være, at udviklingen er gået hurtigere end ventet, dels at der er tale om registreringsforskelle mellem opgørelse og prognose.
The reason for this may be partly that developments took place more rapidly than expected, and partly that recording differences have occurred between the figures actually counted and the forecast.
Der regnes med en fortsat faldende tendens for mændenes ved kommende, stærkest indtil omkring 1990.
It is believed that the trend will continue to fall as far as the men are concerned, with its highest rate being achieved between now and about 1990.
Blandt kvinderne venter man derimod en stigende erhvervsdeltagelse i alle aldersgrupper.
In the case of the women, however, it is expected that employment will rise in all age groups.
Hvis man ser på erhvervsdeltagelsen for lønmodtagere og selv stændige hver for sig, viser det sig, at de selvstændiges andel af de beskæftigede er stærkt stigende jo højere aldersgruppe, der er tale om, mens lønmodtagernes andel er tilsvarende faldende.
If we examine participation in gainful employment separately for wageearners and for the self-employed, it becomes clear that the proportion of those in employment accounted for by the selfemployed is increasing steeply the higher the age group concerned, whereas the proportion accounted for by wageearners shows a corresponding decline.
Udviklingen i de erhvervsaktives fordeling på stillingskategorier fremgår af tabel 4.3.
Table 4.3 shows the developments which have taken place in the distribution of those in gainful employment by different types of jobs.
-■ medhjælp, ægtefæller funktionærere arbejdere faglærte ufaglærte sum selvstændige
Those in employment in the workforce (men and women), by type of job; percentage values. 1978 - 1981.
(faglærte og ufaglærte) andel af de beskæftigede er faldet til nær det halve for de 6 0­6 4 åriges vedkommende, mens funktionærer­ nes andel er steget tilsvarende.
A comparison between the years 1978 and 1981 reveals that the proportion of workers (skilled and unskilled) in the workforce has fallen by about one half as far as concerns those aged between 60 and 64, whereas a corresponding increase has taken place amongst those in whitecollar jobs.
Dette skal ses i sammenhæng med, at der i nævnte periode kun er sket en mindre forskydning i sam­ mensætningen af den samlede arbejdsstyrke (30­74 årige).
This must be viewed in the light of the fact that, over the same period, only a small change occurred in the composition of the total workforce (30 - 74 years).
TILBAGETRÆKNINGSMØNSTER OG ­ÅRSAGER
PATTERNS OF AND REASONS FOR RETIREMENT
For at få et rimeligt billede af danske lønmodtageres tilbage­ trækningsmønster må der skelnes mellem funktionærer og arbejdere, idet der ser ud til at være visse forskelle både hvad angår tids­ punktet for tilbagetrækningen og den måde, hvorpå selve processen forløber.
In order to produce a reasonably accurate picture of the pattern of retirement amongst Danish wage-earners, a distinction must be made between whitecollar workers and blue-collar workers, since certain differences appear to exist with regard both to the time at which retirement occurs and to the manner in which the actual process takes place.
67 år og derover
67 years and above
82 erhvervsaktive: arbejder mindre end 40 t/v
Workers less than 40 h/week
6 arbejder 4 0 timer el.mere om ugen
Workers 40 h/week or more
Man fandt i denne undersøgelse, at 15 pet. af de mandlige funk- tionærerevar erhvervsaktive efter 67 års alderen, mens det samme kun var tilfældet for omkring 6 pet. af arbejderne (faglærte og ufaglærte under ét).
It was discovered in the course of this investigation that about 15 per cent of male whitecollar workers were still in gainful employment after the age of 67 years, whereas this was the case for only about 6 per cent of blue-collar workers (skilled and unskilled workers taken together).
Mere end halvdelen af de aktive funktionærere arbejdede imidlertid på deltid d.v.s. mindre end 40 timer om ugen, mens kun en femtedel arbejdede på fuld tid.
More than half the active whitecollar workers were working part-time, however (i.e. less than 40 hours per week), whereas only one fifth were working full-time.
Af de erhvervsaktive arbejdere havde omkring halvdelen derimod en fuld arbejdsuge.
Of the blue-collar workers in gainful employment, about one half put in a full working week.
Ser man på årene op imod folkepensionsalderen (62-66 årige) er det iøjnefaldende, så mange ufaglærte, der allerede da er pensionere de (37 pet.) eller arbejdsløse (18 pet.).
One noticeable feature to emerge from an examination of the years leading up to retirement (62 - 66 years) is the large numbers of unskilled workers who are already receiving a pension (37 per cent) or are unemployed (18 per cent).
Af de 45 pet., der er i arbejde, har langt den overvejende del til gengæld fuldtidsar-
Of the 45 per cent who are in work, by far the majority are in full-time employment (36 per cent), on the other hand.
For funktionærernes vedkommende ser billedet lidt anderledes ud, hvilket kunne tyde på, at disses arbejdsvilkår er noget mere fleksible, end arbejdernes.
A slightly different picture emerges for the whitecollar workers, however, which may indicate that their working conditions are rather more flexible than those of the blue-collar workers.
FunktionæreiE mellem 62 og 66 år har den samme erhvervsfrekvens, som de faglærte arbejdere, og den samme pet.del med fuldtids arbejde.
Those whitecollar workers aged between 62 and 66 have the same employment frequency as skilled blue-collar workers, and the same percentage are in full-time employment.
Derimod er der ikke så mange ledige blandt funktionæ rerne, men til gengæld et forholdsvis stort antal med deltids arbejde - mellem en fjerde- og en femtedel af de erhvervsaktive arbejder mindre end 40 timer om ugen.
On the other hand, there are not so many unemployed amongst the whitecollar workers, although a comparatively high proportion are in parttime employment - between one fourth and one fifth of those in gainful employment work less than 40 hours per week.
Ser man nærmere på forholdet mellem alder og arbejdstidens længde, vil det fremgå, at der med alderen er en stigende tendens til, at den ugentlige arbejdstid forkortes jfr. tabel 5.2. (S^I 105, s. 232).
A closer examination of the relationship between age and the number of hours worked per week reveals that the tendency to work fewer hours per week increases with age; cf.
Samtlige mænd fordelt efter antal arbejdstimer og alder. (excl. de arbejdsløse og sæsonarbejderne). 1977. Pet.
All men distributed according to age and to the number of hours worked per week. 1977.
ialt 62-64 år 65-66 år 67-69 år 70-74 år 75 + 62-75+ tilbagetrukne
75 + years
63 erhvervsaktive : arbejder mindre end 40 t/ugen
In gainful employment:
9 arbejder 40 t eller mere om ugen
Workers, 40 h/week or more
Det skal endnu engang understreges, at de her nævnte tal stam mer fra 1977, hvor der ikke var adgang til at gå på efterløn fra 60 års alderen.
It must be emphasized yet again that the figures shown here date from 1977, when the possibility of accepting an interim pension from the age of 60 onwards did not exist.
Denne mulighed har så mange lønmodtagere benyttet sig af, at det har påvirket såvel erhvervsfrekvens som ledighedsprocent blandt de 60-66 artige betragteligt.
This facility has been taken up by so many wageearners that it has had a significant effect on the employment frequency and the percentage unemployment amongst those aged between 60 and 66.
Således var f.eks. ledigheden blandt de 60-66 artige mænd i 1978 på 10 pet., mens den i 1979, hvor der var givet adgang til efterløn pr. 1.1.
Thus, for example, unemployment amongst men aged between 60 and 66 was running at 10 per cent in 1978, but fell by about half in 1979 when access to interim pension was made available on 01.01.1979.
1979, faldt til omkring det halve.
Similarly, employment frequency in the 60-64 age group fell from 80 per cent to about 60 per cent in the same period (cf.
Ligeledes faldt erhvervsfre kvensen i samme tidsrum fra 80 til ca. 60 pet. for de 60-64 åriges vedkommende (jfr. tabel 4.1, side 6).
Section 4, Table 4.1).
Imidlertid har efterlønnens indførelse ikke haft nogen betydning for arbejdstidens længe for de lønmodtagere, der er i erhverv, hvilket betyder, at den betrag tede fordeling på antallet af arbejdstimer ikke behøver at være uaktuel.
The introduction of interim pensions did not, however, have a significant effect on the employment conditions of wageearners as far as concerns the number of hours per week worked by those in employment, which means that the indicated distribution of the number of hours worked per week need not be out-of-date.
Som situationen er, ser det ud til, at tilbagetrækningen for de fleste lønmodtagere repræsenterer en brat overgang fra fuldtids beskæftigelse til pensionisttilværelse.
As the situation is at present, it appears that the majority of wageearners regard retirement as a sudden transition from full-time employment to life as a pensioner.
Der er således normalt ikke tale om en gradvis aftrapning af arbejdsindsatsen i takt med den aldersbetingede indskrænkning af arbejdsevnen.
There is thus no question of the progressive tailoff of the number of hours worked, although this would harmonize much better with the reduction in the capacity for work associated with increasing age.
Hvad angår mulig herderne for en individuel tilpasning af arbejdsindsatsen kan nævnes, at ikke så få overenskomster rent faktisk giver adgang til deltidsansættelse ved f.eks. høj alder eller dårligt helbred.
As far as the opportunity for adjusting the number of hours worked by the individual is concerned, it is worth mentioning that a fair number of labour agreements actually provide for employment on a parttime basis, for instance in the case of advanced age or poor health.
Det anslås, at ca. 60 pet. af de arbejdere, der er ansat indenfor
It is estimated that about 60 per cent of those blue-collar workers employed under agreements to which the 'Dansk Arbejdsgiverforening' (the Danish Employers' Confederation) is party are not excluded from parttime employment in such a situation, whereas in the case of whitecollar workers no agreements at all appear to be in force which might have the effect of ruling out parttime employment.
Dansk Arbejdsgiverforenings område ikke er afskåret fra deltids ansættelse i sådanne situationer, mens der for funktionærer ikke skulle være overenskomstmæssige bestemmelser, der forhindrer del tidsansættelse overhovedet.
Thus, the formal possibility for a progressive transition to life as a pensioner, depending on the wishes and abilities of the individual concerned, appears on the face of it to be quite a good thing.
Indenfor den offentlige sektor er der typisk mulighed for ansættelse på deltid for alle, såvel arbejdere som funktionærer (Ældrekommissionen 2/88).
Whether or not genuine opportunities will exist for the individual will depend on a large number of factors, including the economic consequences and the conditions existing at the place of work concerned.
Hvor reelle muligheder­ ne så er for den enkelte, vil afhænge af mange forskellige for­ hold, bl.a. de økonomiske konsekvenser og forholdene på den en­ kelte arbejdsplads.
Before reaching their 67th year about 83% of respondents had left gainful employment, and only about 14% took a pension at the regulation pension age (cf.
Pensionerede lønmodtagere fordelt efter alder ved tilbagetræk­ning. n=490.
Retired wage earners distributed according to age at retirement, n = 490.
Pensionerede lønmodtageres tilbagetrækningsforløb, hhv. mænd og kvinder. Kumulerede. Pet.
Retirement trend of retired wage earners.
Tilbagetrækningsalderen viste sig at variere ikke blot med køn, men også som ventet med den stilling, man havde haft forud for tilbagetrækningen (jfr. tabel 5.5.).
The retirement age was found to vary not only according to sex but also, as expected, according to the position held before retirement (cf. Table 5.5).
Det fremgår heraf, at det blandt mændene er de ufaglærte, der havde den højeste andel tid ligt pensionerede (ca. 29%), mens de underordnede funktionærer havde den laveste andel (ca. 22%).
From this it is evident that, among men, the highest proportion of those who took early retirement was unskilled workers, (about 29%) whereas the lowest proportion (about 22%) was clerical whitecollar workers.
Af kvinderne var det de fag lærte, der havde den højeste andel (ca. 41%) og - ligesom mænde ne - de underordnede funktionærer, der havde den laveste andel
In the case of women, the highest proportion comes from skilled workers (about 41%) and, as in the case of men, the lowest (about 21%) proportion was from the clerical whitecollar workers.
Pensionerede lønmodtagere, fordelt efter tilbagetrækningsalder samt stilling umiddelbart forud for tilbagetrækningen, særskilt for mænd og kvinder. Pet.
Retired wage earners, distributed according to retirement age and position held immediately prior to retirement. Men and women shown separately.