natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
DTe er primært ansvarlig forgennemførelsen og tilsynet med loven om gassektoren, mens NMa har til opgave at løse eventuellekonflikter i forbindelse med forhandlingerne om adgang til gastransportnettet, takstforhøjelser og de af DTe fastsatte vejledende principper.
The aim is to prevent coordination of thebehaviour of operators on certain markets which are in the process of being liberalised, such coordinationbeing facilitated by the presence of common shareholders.
Konkurrenceloven fra 1998 blev fuldstændigt gennemført pr. 1. marts 2000.
The conditions in whichharmful concentrations are opposed have also been aligned on the relevant Community rules.
Denne lov styrker denbritiske konkurrencelovgivning ved at erstatte en stor del af den nuværende ordning med forbud (kapitel I og II), der er baseret på artikel 81 og 82 EF.
It has also been given the power to issue non-oppositionopinions under Articles 81 and 82 in cases where Sweden is particularly concerned.
Den nye lovs forbudsbestemmelser erstatter loven fra 1976om konkurrencebegrænsende forretningspraksis, loven fra 1976 om videresalgspriser samt en væsentligdel af konkurrenceloven fra 1980.
A provision was added to the Competition Act in order to increase the possibilities for detecting andeliminating restrictions of competition.
Konkurrencemyndigheden (Office of Fair Trading) har iværksat etomfattende program, der skal informere virksomhederne om virkningerne af den nye lov, bl.a. viaoffentliggørelse af en række retningslinjer. Alle de hidtil offentliggjorte retningslinjer kan rekvireres hos Office of Fair Trading eller findes på dets hjemmeside på adressen www.oft.gov.uk
It stipulates that, where a fine is imposed, account should betaken of whether the company concerned has made a decisive contribution to the investigation of theinfringement it has committed.
Med konkurrenceloven fra 1998 får generaldirektøren for den britiske konkurrencemyndighed tillagtøgede undersøgelses- og gennemførelsesbeføjelser, herunder beføjelser til at idømme bøder og træffeforeløbige forholdsregler.
The government adopted a new block exemption for ‘vertical’ agreements between suppliers andresellers concerning the conditions of purchase, sale and resale of certain goods and services.
Konkurrencemyndigheden har desuden indført en ordning, hvorefter envirksomhed kan indrømmes bødefritagelse eller bødenedsættelse, hvis den fremsender oplysninger omde karteller, den deltager i.
Thisexemption, the broad lines of which correspond to the provisions in force at Community level, replacesthe previous rules governing agreements on franchising, exclusive resale, exclusive purchase andvoluntary distribution chains. It will apply until 31 December 2005.
Dette betyder dogikke, at både forbudsbestemmelserne i konkurrenceloven fra 1998 og de stadig gældendemonopolbestemmelser i loven om loyal forretningspraksis fra 1973 vil blive bragt i anvendelse på desamme sager. En formodet overtrædelse af et af forbuddene i loven fra 1998 vil normalt ikke bliveundersøgt i lyset af monopolbestemmelserne i loven om loyal forretningspraksis fra 1973.
The government tasked an expert with examining certain proposals put forward by the Competition Authority with a view to strengthening Sweden’s competition law, in particular reducing fines for firmswhich report restrictions of competition and turning the forms of behaviour prohibited by the Competition Act into criminal offences.
Konkurrencenævnet (»Competition Commission«), som erstattede Monopolies and Mergers Commission i 1999, vil fortsat undersøge monopol- og fusionssager, der falder ind under loven om loyalforretningspraksis fra 1973.
Full implementation of the Competition Act 1998 (CA98) occurred on 1 March.
Det vil desuden fungere som appelinstans for afgørelser truffet i medfør afkonkurrenceloven fra 1998 af generaldirektøren for konkurrencemyndigheden og de respektivekontrolenheder for telekommunikation, gas og elektricitet, vand og sanitet og jernbanetransport, sområder over parallelle beføjelser i medfør af denne lov.
The purpose of the act isto strengthen UK competition law by replacing much of the current system with Chapter I and Chapter IIprohibitions closely based on Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty.
Dommer Sir Christopher Bellamy, QC, som førudøvede sit embede i Retten i Første Instans, er blevet udnævnt til præsident for konkurrencenævnetsappeldomstol.
The prohibitions replace the Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1976, the Resale Prices Act 1976 and the greater part of the Competition Act 1980.
Et af formålene med den nye konkurrencelov fra 1998 var så vidt muligt at bringe de nationalekonkurrenceregler i overensstemmelse med EU-lovgivningen.
The Office of Fair Trading is undertaking an extensive programme to educate business aboutthe implications of the new act, including publishing a series of guidelines.
De skal ligeledes tagehensyn til alle Europa-Kommissionens afgørelser og erklæringer.
All of the guidelinespublished to date are available from the Office of Fair Trading or its web site (www.oft.gov.uk).
Aftaler, der er omfattet af en EU-gruppefritagelse (eller som ville være omfattet heraf, hvis de påvirkedehandelen mellem medlemsstater) opnår automatisk »en parallel fritagelse« i medfør af konkurrencelovenfra 1998.
The CA98 gives the Director-General of Fair Trading improved powers of investigation andenforcement, including the power to levy financial penalties and impose interim measures.
Denne lov giver desuden mulighed for at meddele individuel fritagelse for anmeldte aftaler ogat vedtage britiske gruppefritagelser.
The Office of Fair Trading has also put in place a leniency programme enabling undertakings to benefit from full orpartial immunity from financial penalties by providing information on cartel activities in which they areinvolved.
Individuelle fritagelser, der er meddelt på grundlag afbestemmelserne i kapitel I, kan få virkning før datoen for deres meddelelse.
The monopoly provisions of the Fair Trading Act 1973 (FTA73) continue to apply alongside theprovisions of the CA98, and since 1 April 1999 the Director-General has had greater investigativepowers in relation to monopolies.
Betingelserne for meddelelseaf individuel fritagelse er identiske med betingelserne i artikel 81, stk. 3, EF.
It is not intended that the prohibitions of the CA98 and the retained
ANVENDELSEN AF KONKURRENCEREGLERNE I MEDLEMSSTATERNE329
THE APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN THE MEMBER STATES317 monopoly provisions of the FTA73 should be used in parallel to investigate the same matters.
Aftaler eller praksis, som kan rejse konkurrenceproblemer, kan anmeldes til Office of Fair Trading medhenblik på 1) konsultation eller 2) afgørelse i lyset af forbuddene i kapitel I og II efter formular N(svarende til formular A/B).
The Competition Commission, which replaced the Monopolies and Mergers Commission in 1999,continues to examine monopoly and merger references under the FTA73.
Procedurerne for generaldirektørens behandling af anmodninger om konsultationhenholdsvis afgørelse er fastsat i procedurereglerne (SI 2000/293).
The President of the Competition Commission Appeals Tribunal is Judge Sir Christopher Bellamy QC, previously of the Court of First Instance of the European Communities.
Fusioner vilfortsat blive vurderet på grundlag af de relevante bestemmelser i loven om loyal forretningspraksis fra1973.
One of the reasons for adopting the CA98 is to align national competition law as far as possible with Community competition law.
Undersøgelsesfristen vil så vidt muligt blive afkortet.Ministeren har meddelt, at han i afventning af den nye lovgivning principielt vil rette sig eftergeneraldirektørens udtalelse vedrørende henvisning af fusionssager til konkurrencenævnet.
Thus, section 60 of the CA98 sets out certain principles with a view toensuring that the Director-General of Fair Trading, the sectoral regulators and the UK courts handle casesin such a way as to ensure that there is no inconsistency with either the principles laid down by the ECTreaty and the European Court or any relevant decision of the European Court.
Nye bestemmelser om kontrol med virksomhedsovertagelser trådte i kraft den 1. april 2000.
They must also haveregard to any relevant decision or statement of the European Commission.
Det betyder,at den konkurrenceretlige undersøgelse af virksomhedsovertagelser og andre former for fusion nubaseres på begrebet fusion som defineret i fællesskabsretten. Betingelserne for at gøre indsigelse modfusioner med negative virkninger for konkurrencen er ligeledes blevet harmoniseret med EU-reglerne.
The obligation to ensureconsistency applies only to the extent that this is possible, having regard to any relevant differencesbetween the provisions concerned: for example, Community single market objectives would not berelevant to the domestic prohibitions.
Konkurrencemyndigheden harligeledes fået beføjelse til at meddele ikke-indsigelse i henhold til artikel 81 og 82 i sager, hvor Sverigeer særligt berørt.
Agreements benefiting from an EU block exemption (or agreements which would benefit if they had aneffect on interstate trade) automatically benefit from a ‘parallel exemption’ under the CA98.
Der er tilføjet en bestemmelse i konkurrenceloven, der øger muligheden for at afsløre og fjernekonkurrencebegrænsninger.
In addition,the CA98 allows for notified agreements to be individually exempted, and there is a power to adopt UKblock exemptions.
I henhold til denne bestemmelse skal der ved bødefastsættelsen tages hensyntil, om den pågældende virksomhed ved sit samarbejde har bidraget afgørende til undersøgelsen af sinegen overtrædelse.
Individual exemptions under Chapter I can have effect from a date which is earlierthan that on which they are granted.
Endvidere er undtagelsesbestemmelsen for landbruget i konkurrenceloven blevetudvidet, og en ny undtagelse er blevet indført for visse aftaler indgået mellem taxavirksomheder, der ersammensluttet under en kaldecentral.
The exemption conditions for an individual exemption are identicalto those in Article 81(3) of the EC Treaty.
Denne fritagelse, hvis princip svarer til fællesskabsrettens gældendebestemmelser, erstatter de tidligere regler om franchiseaftaler, eneforhandlingsaftaler, eksklusivekøbsaftaler og frivillige kæder.
Agreements or conduct which may raise competition issues can be notified to the OFT for (i) guidance or(ii) a decision in relation to a Chapter I or Chapter II prohibition using Form N (which is very similar to Form A/B).
Den nye gruppefritagelse gælder til og med den 31. december 2005.
Fees of GBP 5 000 (about EUR 8 400) for guidance and GBP 13 000 (about EUR 21 800)for a decision are payable.
BERETNING OM ANVENDELSEN AF KONKURRENCEREGLERNE I DEN EUROPÆISKE UNION
The CA98 does not effect the UK rules on mergers, which continue to be assessed under the relevantprovisions of the FTA73.
Regeringen pålagde i 2000 en statslig undersøger at analysere nogle af konkurrencemyndighedensforslag til styrkelse af konkurrencelovgivningen, bl.a. nedsættelse af bøder for virksomheder, somafslører konkurrencebegrænsninger, og strafferetlig status til forbudsreglerne i konkurrenceloven.
Agreements giving rise to mergers within the meaning of the act are excludedfrom the provisions of the CA98, as are restrictions considered ancillary to such agreements.
Forbundskartelkontoret anvendte EU’s konkurrenceregler én gang i 2000.
In October, the government issued a further consultation document on merger reform.
a)Ved afgørelse af 2. august 2000 annullerede appeldomstolen i Düsseldorf på grund af manglendepræcisering forbundskartelkontorets afgørelse af 21. december 1999 i en sag vedrørende adgang tilhavneanlæggene i Puttgarden.
It confirmed that,when parliamentary time allows, legislation would be introduced for responsibility for decisions onmergers to be taken by the independent competition authorities (Office of Fair Trading and Competition Commission) rather than as now by the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry.
Forbundskartelkontoret havde i medfør af konkurrencelovensartikel 19, stk. 4, og artikel 82 EF forbudt Scandlines Deutschland GmbH at nægte to konkurrerendefærgeselskaber adgang til at benytte havneanlæggene mod et rimeligt vederlag.
The competitionauthorities will take decisions against a competition test, rather than the present public interest test; andthe present division of responsibilities will continue, the Office of Fair Trading conducting first stageinvestigations, the Competition Commission carrying out second stage indepth investigations wheremerited.
Ifølge appeldomstolenskulle navnlig det vage begreb »rimeligt vederlag« have været præciseret i afgørelsen. Da der ikkeblev givet tilladelse til kassationsappel, har forbundskartelkontoret anlagt sag til prøvelse af afslagetpå at tillade kassationsappel (Nichtzulassungsbeschwerde).
Wherever possible, timetables for investigations will be tightened.
ANVENDELSEN AF KONKURRENCEREGLERNE I MEDLEMSSTATERNE331 forbundskartelkontoret havde skønsbeføjelse med hensyn til anvendelsen af EF-traktatens artikel 81og 82.
APPLICATION OF THE COMPETITION RULES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
CardioClinic har anlagt sag til prøvelse af afslaget på at tillade kassationsappel.
B—Application of the Community competition rules by national authorities
De to selskaber, som tidligere havde monopol på produktion og distribution af elektricitet i Wien og Niederösterreich, anmodede karteldomstolen om at afgøre, om det joint venture, de havde oprettet indenfor rammerne af liberaliseringen af sektoren med henblik på betjening af privilegerede kunder, udgjordeen kartelaftale.
The two companies holding a monopoly on the production and distribution of electricity in Vienna and Lower Austria requested the Restrictive Practices Court to determine whether the joint venture they hadset up in the context of liberalisation of the sector in order to serve eligible customers constituted arestrictive practice.
Dette blev bekræftet af Domstolen, som dog samtidig fastslog, at aftalen holdt sig indenfor bagatelgrænsen.
The Court replied in the affirmative but took the view that the case fell within thescope of the de minimis rules.
Denne sag vedrørende overtagelse af kontrol drejede sig om omdeling af uadresseret reklamemateriale;tvisten drejede sig om en præcis afgrænsning af markedet, og Republikken Østrig indbragte på økonomiog arbejdsministeriets initiativ spørgsmålet for karteldomstolen.
The case concerned the takeover of a firm engaged in the delivery of unaddressed advertising material.The precise definition of the market was in dispute and, at the initiative of the Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Labour, the matter was referred to the Restrictive Practices Court.
Denne fastslog, at det relevante markedvar markedet for omdeling af reklamemateriale, men at det ikke omfattede tryksager og annoncer, bl.a. afleaflet-typen.
The Court ruledthat the relevant market was the market in the distribution of advertising material, but did not encompassprinted matter and leaflets, brochures, etc.
Fusionen blev ikke forbudt, selv om der forelå en dominerende stilling, fordi den varnødvendig for, at det østrigske postvæsen fremover kunne klare den udenlandske konkurrence(artikel 42, stk. 3 Z 3 Kart G — opretholdelse af international konkurrencedygtighed).
The merger was not prohibited, despite the existence of adominant position, as it was necessary to enable the Austrian postal service to withstand foreigncompetition (Section 42(3)(3) of the Restrictive Practices Act (Kartellgesetz) — maintenance ofinternational competitiveness).
En forudsætningfor gennemførelsen af denne afgørelse var, at en række betingelser var opfyldt, herunder opretholdelse affeibra’s retlige selvstændighed indtil udgangen af 2005 og ikke-diskrimination af de øvrigereklamedistributører, som benytter sig af postvæsenets tjenester.
The decision was subject to a number of obligations, in particular themaintenance of Feibra as a separate legal entity until the end of 2005 and nondiscrimination with regardto other advertising distributors using the Austrian postal service.
Østrigs næststørste levnedsmiddeldetailhandelskæde anmeldte overtagelsen af de 93 Meinl-filialer, som REWE ikke måtte overtage.
The second largest food retail chain notified its intention of acquiring 93 Meinl subsidiaries which REWE did not plan to take over.
Efter at karteldomstolen havde meddelt, at den agtede at indlede enprocedure på eget initiativ, tilbød overtageren at videresælge flere filialer, som i modsat fald ville havemedført for stor koncentration på regionalt plan.
Spar offered to divest several subsidiaries which would have given riseto an excessive degree of concentration at regional level after the Restrictive Practices Court prepared tostart proceedings on its own initiative.
Dette tilsagn fjernede de sidste konkurrenceretligebetænkeligheder i forbindelse med overtagelsen.
That undertaking allayed all the concerns raised by the mergerfrom the standpoint of competition law.
I 2000 traf konkurrencerådet ingen afgørelse i henhold til artikel 81, stk. 1, og artikel 82.
The Competition Council did not take any decisions pursuant to Articles 81(1) and 82 in 2000.
Fusioner før den 1. oktober 2000
Mergers prior to 1 October 2000
Konkurrencestyrelsen har ved flere lejligheder behandlet fusioner med henblik på at kunne vurdere, omstyrelsen skulle anbefale erhvervsministeren at sende sagen til Europa-Kommissionen.
The Competition Board examined a number of mergers in order to decide whether or not to recommendthat the Minister for Trade and Industry refer them to the European Commission.
Det skete bl.a. iforbindelse med den planlagte fusion mellem den danske mejerikoncern MD Foods og den svenskemejerikoncern Arla.
One such case was theplanned merger between the Danish dairy group MD Foods and the Swedish dairy group Arla.
Efter at MD Foods havde afgivet forskellige tilsagn om bl.a. frasalg af et mejeri,fandt Konkurrencestyrelsen, at de afgivne tilsagn opvejede de negative følger for den potentiellekonkurrence, og erhvervsministeren besluttede derfor, at fusionen ikke skulle sendes til vurdering i Europa-Kommissionen.
After MDFoods had given various commitments including the divestment of a dairy, the Competition Board foundthat the impact of those undertakings outweighed the harmful effects on potential competition and the Minister for Trade and Industry consequently decided that the operation should not be referred to the Commission.
BERETNING OM ANVENDELSEN AF KONKURRENCEREGLERNE I DEN EUROPÆISKE UNION
THE APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN THE MEMBER STATES319
Konkurrencestyrelsen har ligeledes vurderet Carlsberg’s oprindelige tilbud på at overtage Albani.
The Competition Board also examined the initial takeover bid on Albani announced by Carlsberg.
Denneovertagelse blev dog ikke til noget, fordi Bryggerigruppen senere afgav et højere tilbud, og det blevderfor Bryggerigruppen, som endte med at overtage Albani.
Theoperation did not, however, go ahead since Bryggerigruppen then made a higher bid and successfullyacquired the company.
Konkurrencerådet har i overensstemmelse med de nye regler om fusionskontrol godkendt en planlagtfusion mellem Danske Bank og RealDanmark. Godkendelsen var dog betinget af, at Danske Bankgennemførte en række tilsagn, som sikrer, at konkurrencen i den finansielle sektor ikke forringes.
Under the new merger control rules, the Competition Council cleared a planned merger between Danske Bank and RealDanmark on condition that Danske Bank fulfilled certain commitments designed to ensurethat competition was not restricted in the financial sector.
Den danske bogbranche har siden 1956 haft en dispensation til at håndhæve faste detailpriser på danskebøger.
An exemption has been in place since 1956 allowing Danish books to be sold at fixed retail prices.
Dispensationen var dog begrænset til kun at gælde for detailsalget i udgivelsesåret og detefterfølgende kalenderår. Dispensationen er blevet videreført under de forskellige konkurrencelove.
Theexemption was, however, limited to retail sales during the year of publication and the following year.The different competition acts have maintained the exemption.
I 2000 traf konkurrencerådet afgørelse om at videreføre dispensationen, idet det dog bl.a. blev præciseret,at forlagene ikke længere skulle være forpligtet til at sætte faste priser, og at fastprisperioden ikke kunneforlænges ved nye oplag eller udgaver.
In 2000, the Competition Council decided to renew the exemption but ruled that publishers would nolonger be under an obligation to set fixed prices and that the period in which fixed prices applied couldnot be extended in the case of new editions and reprints.
Denne sidste præcisering blev ophævet af Konkurrenceankenævnet, som var enig med bogbranchen i, at dispensationen til branchens fastprisordning angik»danske bøger«. Det indebærer, at fastprisordningen også gælder ved nye oplag eller udgaver.
The latter rule was repealed by the Competition Appeals Board, which endorsed the book industry’s view that the fixed price arrangements applied to‘Danish books’, and therefore also to new editions and reprints.
Konkurrencestyrelsen har sammen med Forbrugerstyrelsen og skatteministeriet undersøgt de danskepriser på benzin, diesel og fyringsgasolie.
The Competition Board examined, in conjunction with the Consumer Affairs Department and the Ministry of Taxation, the prices charged in Denmark for petrol, diesel fuel and heating oil.
Undersøgelsen viser, at de store olieselskabers listepriser påbenzin, diesel og fyringsgasolie er ens i Danmark, og at langt størstedelen af olieselskaberne yder rabatog bonus, som har den ulempe, at de gør markedet uigennemsigtigt for forbrugerne.
Theinvestigation revealed that the major oil companies all charged the same prices for those products in Denmark and that the vast majority of them granted discounts and bonuses, which had the disadvantageof making the market opaque to consumers.
Der er dog ikkefundet tegn på, at olieselskabernes praksis er i strid med konkurrenceloven, men der er klare tegn på, atkonkurrencen ikke fungerer godt nok.
It did not, however, show that the oil companies were actingin breach of the Competition Act, but there were clear signs that competition was not functioningeffectively enough.
Gennemsigtigheden vil ifølge rapporten kunne fremmes ved atoprette en hjemmeside på Internettet, der rummer oplysninger om rabatter samt dagligt opdaterede priserfra olieselskaberne.
According to the report, transparency could be improved through the creation of aweb site giving information on discounts and through daily updating of the prices charged by the oilcompanies.
Rapporten,som drager paralleller til udlandet, konkluderer:
The report compared the situation with othercountries and drew the following conclusions:
Der er indtil den 1. april 2000 ikke sket væsentlige ændringer i konkurrenceforholdene på markedet forbetalingskort.
As of 1 April 2000, competition in the payment cards market had not undergone any significant change.
Brug af betalingskort i e-handelen er stigende, men kort anvendes endnu kun i en mindre del af dennehandel.
The use of payment cards in electronic commerce was developing, but cards still accounted for only asmall share of e-commerce transactions.
Den danske e-handel ligger på et ret lavt niveau sammenlignet med f.eks. Sverige og USA, men dog ikkeså langt fra lande som Norge og Finland.
E-commerce in Denmark was at a fairly low level in comparison with, for example, Sweden and the United States, but was in a similar position to countries such as Norway and Finland.
ANVENDELSEN AF KONKURRENCEREGLERNE I MEDLEMSSTATERNE333
APPLICATION OF THE COMPETITION RULES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
De danske priser for brug af betalingskort ligger lavt i forhold til udlandet. Det tyder på, at Danmark haret effektivt marked for betalingskort.
Denmark was not in the forefront as regards the introduction of new technologies, in particular microchiptechnology, in this field.
Betalingskort er meget udbredt i Danmark.
Charges for the use of payment cards were relatively modest in Denmark in comparison with othercountries, showing that it had an efficient payment cards market.