natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Opretholdelse af en minimumsforsyning med gas i tilfælde af en reel og alvorlig trussel vil derimod kunne begrundeen eventuel indgriben fra en offentlig myndigheds side i forvaltningen af en privatiseret virksomhed, forudsat at det sker inden for strenge frister og inden for rammerneaf en procedure, hvor der kræves en formel og præcis begrundelse, og at der er adgangtil en effektiv domstolskontrol (Belgien).
On11 December it adopted a communication on the application of Communitylaw(3), which takes up the ‘better lawmaking’ theme of the White Paper on
)Sag C-466/98, C-467/98, C-468/98, C-469/98, C-471/98, C-472/98, C-475/98 og C-476/98, Kommissionen mod Det Forenede Kongerige, Danmark, Sverige, Finland, Belgien, Luxembourg, Østrig og Tyskland (Bull. 12-2002,punkt 1.9.80).
Further information is available on the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int/comm/secretariat_general/sgb/droit_com/index_en.htm).COM(2002) 141 (OJ C 244, 10.10.2002).COM(2002) 725; Bull.
En implicit ekstern kompetence kan desuden ikke begrundes med nødvendigheden af at udøve en intern kompetence samtidig med en eksternkompetence, eftersom Rådet kunne vedtage den »tredje luftfartspakke«, uden at detvar nødvendigt at indgå en aftale med USA om lufttransport(1).
Decisions by the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance(1
Fællesskabet har derfor i disse tilfælde ekstern enekompetence.
General principles of Community law
På dette punkt gav Domstolen altså Kommissionen medhold.
1065.Who is entitled to bring an action for annulment?
Derimodfastslog den, at de bilaterale aftaler ikke falder ind under fordringerne om medlemsstaternes meddelelse af koncessioner til luftfartsselskaber etableret i Fællesskabetog EU-luftfartsselskabers adgang til at flyve på ruter mellem medlemsstater. Der kanderfor ikke på grundlag af disse forordninger støttes nogen ekstern kompetence for Fællesskabet.
In its judgment in Pequeños Agricultores, delivered on 25 July(2), the Court of Justice had to consider an appeal filed by an association of small Spanish agricultural businesses against an order of the Court of First Instance dismissing as manifestlyinadmissible the association’s application for partial annulment of a regulationon the common organisation of the market in olive oil(3) on the ground that themembers of the association were not individually concerned by the provisionsof the regulation in question.
Efter de aftaleretlige regler er de dele af aftalerne, der blev kendt uforenelige med fællesskabsretten, ikke automatisk ugyldige.
The Court of First Instance found that in order to be able to challenge a measure in such a case itwas enough for the applicant to demonstrate that ‘the measure in questionaffects his legal position, in a manner which is both definite and immediate, byrestricting his rights or by imposing obligations on him’.
Men det er op til medlemsstaterne at dragekonsekvenserne af disse domme — på de områder, der er omfattet af Fællesskabetsenekompetence, kan de ikke længere forhandle aftaler og skal under alle omstændigheder rette op på alle eventuelle uoverensstemmelser, hvilket kan indebære, at demå opsige aftalerne.
Advocate General Jacobs, in his opinion on the Pequeños Agricultores appeal — which antedatedthe judgment of the Court of First Instance in Jégo Quéré — came to the sameconclusion.
DOMSTOLENS OG RETTEN I FØRSTE INSTANS’ RETSPRAKSIS
DECISIONS BY THE COURT OF JUSTICE AND THE COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
På tidspunktet for vedtagelsen af den anfægtede forordning var det endnu ikke videnskabeligt bevist, at anvendelsen af de pågældende antibiotika på dyr via fødekæden kunne medføre udvikling af resistens over for dem hos mennesker.
In its judgment in Pequeños Agricultores, the Court of Justice agreed that the European Community was a community based on the rule of law and that individuals were therefore entitled to effective judicial protection; but it consideredthat the EC Treaty had in fact established a complete system of legal remedies.Natural or legal persons who, by reason of the conditions for admissibility,could not directly challenge Community measures of general application wereable to plead the invalidity of such measures in two ways: by challenging a Community measure implementing the disputed act, on the ground that the disputed act was unlawful (Article 241 of the EC Treaty); or by bringing an actionbefore the national courts challenging the legality of a national measure takenunder a Community regulation.
Det var på baggrund heraf, at Rådet i den anfægtede forordning henviste til forsigtighedsprincippet.
The national courts, since they had no jurisdiction themselves to declare those measures invalid, would request the Court of Justice for a preliminary ruling (Article 234 of the EC Treaty).
Retten præciserede i denne sag betingelserne for anvendelsen af dette forsigtighedsprincip og stadfæstede den fremgangsmåde, Kommissionen havde fulgt i sin meddelelse fra 2000 om forsigtighedsprincippets anvendelse(1).
The Court concluded that any other interpretation of the notion of ‘person individually concerned’ would inevitably have the effect of setting aside the condition in question, which was expressly laid down in the EC Treaty.
Retten understregede, at forsigtighedsprincippet kun må anvendes, når der foreligger en risiko, især for folkesundheden, som — uden at være bygget på rene hypoteser, der ikke er videnskabeligt efterprøvet — endnu ikke er videnskabeligt bevist.
This would go beyondthe jurisdiction conferred on the Community courts: only the Member Stateshad the power to amend the Treaty and the system for judicial review of thelegality of Community measures of general application.
Forud for enhver præventiv foranstaltning skal den offentlige myndighed der for foretage en risikovurdering, som omfatter to led: et videnskabeligt led, dvs. en videnskabelig risikoevaluering, der er så udtømmende som muligt, idet der bl.a. tages hensyn til, hvor meget spørgsmålet haster, og et politisk led (»risikostyring«), hvor den pågældende offentlige myndighed skal fastslå, hvilke foranstaltninger den finder hensigtsmæssige på baggrund af det fastlagte risikoniveau.
The Court of Justice,then, did not follow the line adopted either by its Advocate-General or by the Court of First Instance (Jégo Quéré), both of whom had sought to broadenthe conditions of admissibility.
I den forbindelse præciserede Retten, at begrebet »risiko« indebærer en sandsynlighed for, at brugen af et bestemt produkt eller en bestemt proces vil få negative virkninger for menneskets sundhed.
The Court of First Instance has already acted onthis ruling in an order delivered in another case, VVG International, on8 August 2002, by strictly applying the settled case-law as upheld by the Court of Justice(1).
I en sådan kontekst kan man ikke operere med et risikoniveau på nul, dvs. at forsigtighedsprincippet ikke kan anvendes i situationer, hvor risikoen udelukkende bygger på rene hypoteser, der ikke er videnskabeligt efterprøvet. Desuden er det ikke de videnskabelige eksperter, men den offentlige myndighed, som jo har det politiske ansvar, der skal træffe beslutning om at forbyde et produkt.
On 17 September the Court of Justicedelivered judgment in Baumbast and R(2), in which it had to consider whether persons admitted to the United Kingdom as members of the family of a migrantworker who was a Community national continued to enjoy the protection of Community law if they ceased to qualify as members of such a family and hencelost the status that had entitled them to residence.
Retten bekræftede derfor, at, medmindre andet gælder i henhold til lovgivningen, er den offentlige myndighed ikke bundet af eksperternes udtalelser.
Mrs R. was a United Statescitizen, and was now divorced from her husband, who was a French nationaland a migrant worker in the United Kingdom; the children of the marriagecontinued to live with her.
De kan dog kun fravige dem efter en grundig og upartisk undersøgelse foretaget i lyset af alle relevante elementer idet konkrete tilfælde, herunder også det ræsonnement, der dannede grundlag for eksperternes udtalelse.
Mr Baumbast was a German national who had hiscentre of interests in the United Kingdom, although he was now employed in Germany, while his wife, who was of Colombian nationality, continued to livein the United Kingdom with their children.
)KOM(2000) 1 og den almindelige beretning 2000, nr. 664.
Case T-155/02 VVG International Handelsgesellschaft mbH, OJ C 191, 10.8.2002.Case C-413/99 Baumbast and R v Secretary of State for the Home Department.
Overførsel af fællesskabsretten til edb
OJ L 257, 19.10.1968.Case C-60/00 Mary Carpenter v Secretary of State for the Home Department (2002) ECR, p. I-06279;Bull. 9-2002, point 1.8.61.Case C-309/99 J. C. J. Wouters, J. W. Savelbergh and Price Waterhouse Belastingadviseurs BV v Algemene Raad van de Nederlandse Orde van Advocaten, intervener Raad van de Balies van de Europese Gemeenschap(2002) ECR, p. I-2209; Bull.
1074.Valg af Europa-Parlamentets medlemmer.Medlemsstaternes repræsentantervedtog den 25. juni(2) afgørelsen om ændring af akten om almindelige valg af repræ- sentanter i forsamlingen, hvis formål er at sikre, at der afholdes valg til Europa-Par-lamentet efter fælles principper i alle medlemsstaterne efter 2004.
This refusal was grounded by the General Council of the Bar ofthe Netherlands on the need to guarantee the independence of the legal profession. The Dutch supreme court, the Raad van State, to which the issue wasreferred as the court of final appeal, asked the Court of Justice for a preliminaryruling on the application to the professions of Community competition law.
De fælles principperomfatter bl.a. valgets afholdelse som frit og hemmeligt direkte, almindeligt valg, ogat medlemmerne af Europa-Parlamentet vælges ved listevalg eller forholdstalsvalg ienkeltmandskredse.
The Court of Justice found, first, that the General Council of the Bar of the Netherlands, as the body responsible for regulating the profession, had to be regardedas an association of undertakings for the purposes of Community competitionlaw where it adopted a regulation binding on all its members.
Desuden vil et medlem af Europa-Parlamentet ikke samtidigkunne være medlem af et nationalt parlament.
This professionalbody, which was composed exclusively of members of the profession and wasnot legally required to take its decisions in the general interest, constituted anassociation of undertakings where it adopted a regulation prohibiting professional partnerships.
1075.Parlamentets sammensætning. På plenarmødet den 14.-17. januar foretog Parlamentet en midtvejsfornyelse af sine organer.
The Court found further that the prohibition of such multidisciplinary partnerships did have the effect of restricting competition on the Dutch market for legal services.
På mødet blev Cox valgt til formandfor Europa-Parlamentet.
Moreover, it deprived clients from turning to asingle structure offering a wide range of services (the ‘one-stop-shop advantage’).
De 14 næstformænd og de 5 kvæstorer er ligeledes blevetvalgt tillige med medlemmerne, formændene og næstformændene for de forskelligeparlamentsudvalg.
However, the Court acknowledgedthat there could be a degree of incompatibility between the ‘advisory activities’carried out by a member of the Bar and the ‘supervisory activities’ carried outby an accountant.
I februar forelagde Cox hovedlinjerne i sit arbejdsprogram forresten af valgperioden. Pr.
In the Netherlands accountants certifying accounts were notbound by a rule of professional secrecy comparable to that applicable to members of the Bar.
31. december var fordelingen af de 626 pladser mellem Europa-Parlamentets politiske grupper følgende:
Consequently, it was reasonable for the Dutch regulation toimpose restrictions despite the adverse effects on competition, as they were necessary in order to ensure the proper practice of the legal profession.
•Gruppen for Det Europæiske Folkeparti og De Europæiske Demokrater (PPE-DE)formand: Pöttering (D)232
This reasonwas also invoked by the Court to validate the Dutch regulation in terms of theright of establishment and freedom to provide services.
•De Europæiske Socialdemokraters Gruppe (PSE)formand: Barón Crespo (E)
1068.Merger control. In judgments delivered on 22 and 25 October the Court of First Instance annulled two Commission decisions prohibitingmergers(1).
•Det Europæiske Liberale og Demokratiske Partis Gruppe (EDLR)formand: Watson (GB)
VIII-2 of probative value save in relation to French sectoral markets.
•Den Europæiske Venstrefløjs Fællesgruppe/Nordisk Grønne Venstre (GUE/NGL)formand: Wurtz (F)50
Except withrespect to those markets, the Court found the Commission had overestimatedthe economic power of the merged group.
•Gruppen De Grønne/Den Europæiske Fri Alliance (Verts/ALE)formænd: Cohn-Bendit (F) og Frassoni (B)
With respect to the French marketsthe Court upheld the Commission’s economic analysis in its entirety.
•Gruppen for Demokratiernes og Mangfoldighedens Europa (EDD)formænd: Bonde (DK), Blokland (NL) og Butel (F)
The Schneider group subsequently soldits holding in Legrand to a consortium of investors, Wendel-KKR.
Det besluttede ligeledes i januar at nedsætte et midlertidigt udvalg om mund- og klovesyge, hvis beretning blev vedtaget i december.
Here too the Court annulled a decision ordering the demerger ofthe companies.
På mødet den 11.-14. marts(1) vedtog Parlamentet en afgørelse om ændring af forretningsordenen, der vedrører Kommissionens lovgivnings- og arbejdsprogram.
The Court found that the economic analysis of the conglomerateeffects, based on the foreseeable conduct of the merged entity, was vitiated bycertain errors of assessment.
I maj vedtog det en afgørelse om i forretningsordenen at indføre fortegnelsen over dokumenter, hvortil der er direkte adgang ved hjælp af registreret, og en beslutning om overslag over Europa-Parlamentets indtægter og udgifter for 2003.
The Commission had to show that the anticipatedconduct would follow ‘in all likelihood’.
I juni vedtog det en afgørelse om ændring af forretningsordenen vedrørende den parlamentariske immunitet, samt tre beslutninger(2) om de i Italien valgte medlemmers immunitet og de italienske myndigheders praksis på dette område, og om de parlamentariske assistenters sociale sikring.
The Commission should have takenaccount of incentives to avoid unlawful behaviour, and of the commitmentsoffered by the company regarding its future conduct.
Det vedtog ligeledes en afgørelse om den almindelige revision af forretningsordenen, en afgørelse om ændring af Parlamentets forretningsorden, der skal sikre lige rettigheder for de enkelte parlamentsmedlemmer og grupper, samt en afgørelse om ændring af forretningsordenen, for så vidt angår begrundelserne for ændringsforslagene.
The definition of the market in equipment for manufacturing PET bottles was too narrow, and the Commission’s economic analysis relied on considerations which were not proved tothe requisite standard, particularly in respect of the anticipated growth indemand for packaging for sensitive food products and PET bottles between nowand 2005.
I december drøftede det parlamentsmedlemmernes status.
The Court rejected a submission by Tetra Laval that its right ofaccess to the file had been infringed.
Parlamentet har vedtaget tidsplanen for mødeperioderne for 2003 og bekræftet, at fredagsmøderne i Strasbourg afskaffes.
On 20 December the Commission decidedto appeal against the judgment to the Court of Justice.
Ved mødets åbning bebudede formanden, Cox, i øvrigt, at det officielle register over Europa-Parlamentets dokumenter åbnes for offentligheden.
1069.Privatised undertakings.
Parlamentet havde også haft ekstraordinære møder den 20. marts(3) for at drøfte resultaterne af Det Europæiske Råd i Barcelona, og den 11. september for at mindes ofrene for terroristangrebene i De Forenede Stater den 11. september 2001.
In judgments delivered on 4 June(1) the Courtof Justice ruled on the compatibility with the fundamental freedoms of the legislation of Belgium, France and Portugal on special ‘golden’ shares, whichrestricts the acquisition of shares in newly privatised undertakings. In a 1997
INSTITUTIONERNES OG ORGANERNES SAMMENSÆTNING OG FUNKTION
DECISIONS BY THE COURT OF JUSTICE AND THE COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE
1077.Forbindelser med de øvrige institutioner.
Hence the three actionsbrought by the Commission against Portugal, France and Belgium for failure tofulfil their obligations.
I forbindelserne med Unionensøvrige institutioner og organer har Parlamentet udformet beslutninger om udarbejdelse og analyse af de beslutninger, der blev truffet af Det Europæiske Råd i Barce- lona (1
In its three rulings the Court fully upheld the 1997 communication, spelling out the following principles:
Det harligeledes vedtaget beslutninger om udnævnelsen af Papademos som næstformand for ECB(6), om reformen af Rådet og gennemsigtighed (→nr. 1089)om ændring af Rådets forordning om vedtægten for tjenestemænd i De Europæiske Fællesskaber, omudtræden af tjenesten, for så vidt angår tjenestemænd i Kommissionen, generalsekretariatet for Rådet og Parlamentet, om gennemførelse af forordning (EF) nr. 1049/2001omoffentlighedens aktindsigt i Europa-Parlamentets, Rådets og Kommissionens dokumenter (→nr. 21), om Unionens politik for oplysning og kommunikation, om ændringaf protokollen vedrørende vedtægten for Domstolen og om Kommissionens vurderingsvirksomhed.
However, these exceptions assumed that the following conditions were met: the State measures must be founded on overriding requirements of the general interest; they must not be discriminatory; and they must be proportional to the general interest objective being sought.
Som led i forbindelserne mellem Parlamentet og Kommissionen forelagde formanden, Prodi, den 27. februar Kommissionens politiske strategi for 2003,der var blevet udarbejdet af de Palacio, næstformand for Kommissionen, som led ien dybtgående drøftelse den 20. marts.
The conditions were not met by measureswhich clearly discriminated against investors in other Member States or whichwere founded on a financial interest (Portugal) or measures which, althoughapplying without distinction to all investors, stemmed from a wide discretionary power on the part of the State and not from specific objective criteria(France).
Desuden forelagde Prodi, formand for Kommissionen, den 20. november Kommissionens lovgivnings- og arbejdsprogram for2003 (→nr. 1094).
By contrast, maintaining a minimum supply of gas in the event of agenuine and serious threat could constitute grounds for intervention by the public authorities in the management policy of a privatised undertaking provided itconformed to strict time-limits, was supported by a formal statement of reasonsand was subject to effective review by the courts (Belgium).
1079.Budgetområdet.I maj forelagde Schreyer, medlem af Kommissionen, detforeløbige forslag til budget for 2003.
1070.Open skies agreements. The Court of Justice had to consider infringement proceedings brought by the Commission against seven Member Stateswhich had concluded what are known as ‘open skies’ agreements with the United States, on the ground that the agreements infringed the Community’s exclusiveexternal competence.
IX-1 vedtog også beslutninger om decharge for 1999 (→nr. 1042), og om decharge for2000 (→nr. 1044), om finansforordningen vedrørende De Europæiske Fællesskabers almindelige budget (→nr. 1048), om samrådsproceduren vedrørende budgettetfor 2003 (→nr. 1028), samt om tillægs- og ændringsbudgetterne for 2002 (→nr. 10341039).
VIII-2 and the United Kingdom, which was a party to the bilateral Bermuda II agreementof 1977, of infringing the Treaty rules on freedom of establishment(1).
I september afgav Diamantopoulos og Solbes Mira, medlemmer af Kommissionen, erklæringer om samordningen af den økonomiske politikog beskæftigelsespolitikken.
Onthe question of the infringement of the Community’s exclusive external competence, the Court said that Article 80(2) of the EC Treaty merely provided for apower for the Community to take action which was dependent on there beinga prior decision of the Council.
I oktober afgav Prodi og Solbes Mira erklæringer om sta-bilitets- og vækstpagten.
There was no express external Community competence in that regard.
1081.Interne politikker.De vigtigste emner, Parlamentet drøftede i 2002 inden forområdet vedrørende interne politikker, var miljø, forskning, transport, energi, udviklingssamarbejde, fiskeri, landbrug, folkesundhed, levnedsmiddelsikkerhed, regionalpolitik, konkurrence,uddannelse, kultur, idræt, turisme, informationssamfundet ogtelekommunikationerne, lige mulighederog Solidaritetsfonden.
Nor was external competence implied by a need to exercise external competence at the same time as the Community’s internal competence, since the Council had in fact been able to adopt the ‘third package’without its being necessary to conclude an air transport agreement with the United States(2). Considering further the question of implied powers, the Courtreferred to the precedent in AETR(3): the rule established in that case appliedwhere the Council had laid down common rules on the basis of Article 80(2) ofthe Treaty.
I november og december afgav Palacio, næstformand for Kommissionen, erklæringer om olietankskibet»Prestige«’s forlis ud for Galiciens kyst.
In such circumstances Member States were no longer competent toenter into obligations towards non-member countries if those obligationsaffected the common rules.
Med hensyn til retlige og indre anliggender afgav Parlamentet udtalelser om de fremskridt, der var gjort i 2001 vedrørende oprettelse af et område med frihed, sikkerhedog retfærdighed, om situationen for de grundlæggende rettigheder i Den Europæiske Union (→nr. 454), om narkohandel (→nr. 499), om bekæmpelse af race- og fremmedhad (→nr. 481), om bekæmpelse af kriminalitet (→nr. 488), om bekæmpelseaf terrorisme (→nr. 492), om civilretligt samarbejde (→nr. 468), om politisamarbejde og strafferetligt samarbejde (→nr. 473-481), om indvandrings- og asylpolitik(→nr. 456), om kontrollen ved de fælles grænser (→nr. 463)og om Echelon(→nr. 200).
International commitments did affect the commonrules where they fell within the scope of the common rules or, in any event,within an area which was already largely covered by such rules, or where the Community had included in its internal legislative acts provisions relating tonationals, in this case air carriers, of non-member countries. The Court thenwent on to examine the scope of the regulations cited, on a case-by-case basis.It concluded that some of the provisions on the establishment of fares and rateson intra-Community routes, and those relating to computerised reservation systems and the allocation of airport slots contained in the other regulationsreferred to, applied to air carriers of non-member countries.
I maj afgav Patten, medlem af Kommissionen, en erklæring om fremskridt inden for og udsigter for asyl- og indvandringspolitikken.
The Communitytherefore had exclusive competence for such matters. The Court granted the Commission’s application on that point.
1082.Forbindelser udadtil.
1071.Precautionary principle.
Parlamentet udtalte sig ligeledes om Den Internationale Straffedomstol (→nr. 53), om topmødet mellem EU og Middelhavslandene i Valencia (→nr. 880), om topmødet mellem Den Europæiske Union og Latinamerika (→nr. 969), om Mercosur (→nr. 970), om forslaget til lov om beskyttelse af personer i De Forenede Staters tjeneste (→nr. 927), om forbindelserne tværsover Atlanterhavet (→nr. 927), om partnerskabet mellem Den Europæiske Unionog De Forenede Nationer på området for udvikling og for humanitære anliggender(→nr. 831), om partnerskabet mellem EU og Asien (→nr. 945) og om foranstaltninger til bekæmpelse af dumping.
In two rulings handed down on 11 September(1)the Court of First Instance upheld Regulation (EC) No 2821/98(2) banning the use of certain antibiotics as additives in feedingstuffs.
I april og oktober afgav den højtstående repræsentant for FUSP og generalsekretæren for Rådet, Solana, en erklæring som led i en drøftelse af situationen i Mellemøsten.
At the time the contested regulation was adopted, it had not been conclusivelyshown that there was a link between the use of these antibiotics in animal feedingstuffs and the development of resistance to them in humans via the foodchain.