natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Denne reform skulle forberedes gennem "en bred debat med inddragelse af alle involverede parter: repræsentanter for de nationale parlamenter og for den offentlige mening som helhed, (...) repræsentanter for civilsamfundet osv.", der skulle findes sted i 2001 og afsluttes med en erklæring på topmødet i Laeken, der skulle "indeholde passende initiativer til fortsættelse af denne proces".
January 1 - 2005 in many cases, the fact that at least four Member States will be required to form a blocking minority will have the effect of considerably reducing the 65% population threshold29.
Med hensyn til Europa-Parlamentet, som tidligere havde søgt at samarbejde med de nationale parlamenter i den fase, der ledte op til regeringskonferencerne21, var det den første institution22, som på baggrund af den praksis, der var opstået i forbindelse med udarbejdelsen af Den Europæiske
Certainly, the logic of the double majority is far easier to understand than any weighting of votes, but there is a risk that the public may regard the thresholds which have been adopted as rather arbitrary, and above all, the combination of different, complementary criteria greatly impairs the gains in terms of simplification and comprehension of the system30.
22 Beslutning af 25.10.2000 (betænkning af Olivier Duhamel om konstitutionalisering af traktaterne), senere bekræftet ved beslutning af 31.5.2001 (betænkning af Méndez de Vigo/Seguro om [evaluering af] Nice-traktaten og Den
55% of Member States instead of half (50%) would mean that in the 25member EU 14 Member States would be required to vote in favour instead of 13, without the additional requirement formulated by the IGC that the majority must include at least 15 Member States; the number of Member States required to prevent a decision from being adopted will now be 12 instead of 13.
Europæiske Unions fremtid).
Member States).
Konventet om chartret om grundlæggende rettigheder havde faktisk demonstreret, at et sådant organ var i stand til at udarbejde et udkast, der kunne godkendes af stats- og regeringscheferne.
Whatever the method by which decisions are taken, it must be applicable. Hence the importance of the question of the field of application of qualified majority voting.
Dets åbne og gennemsigtige karakter samt kvaliteten af debatten havde også gjort det lettere at nå frem til en konsensus, først og fremmest fordi alle fik mulighed for at tilkendegive deres synspunkter og dermed også for at forstå de andres argumenter.
On the other hand, unanimity is still required in 70 cases. While the general direction of the changes can only be regarded as very positive, it is regrettable that the opportunity was not taken to do more in certain cases, and there were instances where the IGC even retreated from proposals on which consensus had been reached after mature reflection in the Convention (the most flagrant example being that concerning the multiannual financial framework).
Det Europæiske Råd vedtog på sit møde i Laeken den 14.-15. december 2001 "Laeken-erklæringen om Den Europæiske Unions fremtid24", hvori det fulgte dette initiativ op ved at definere konventets sammensætning og arbejdsform samt ikke mindst ved at fastlægge dets mandat og de spørgsmål, det skulle debattere. Dette "Konvent om Europas Fremtid" blev således, med Valéry Giscard d'Estaing som formand og Giuliano Amato og Jean-Luc Dehaene som næstformænd, pålagt at udarbejde et foreløbigt udkast til forfatning, som skulle danne grundlag for den efterfølgende regeringskonference.
Another major improvement made by the Constitution in terms of transparency is the requirement for meetings of the various configurations of the Council to be divided into two parts, depending on whether the Council is acting in a legislative capacity or in other ways, with the corollary that when it deliberates or votes on legislative acts, the Council meets in public.
Det resultat, som konventet nåede frem til, bekræftede det hensigtsmæssige i valget af denne metode, eftersom det efter 16 måneder kunne præsentere en konsensustekst, der var frugten af intense drøftelser og af en tæt dialog med civilsamfundet.
As regards the configurations and functioning of the Council, the main novelty is the creation of an autonomous Foreign Affairs Council, to be chaired by the Minister for Foreign Affairs.
Europa-Parlamentet har for sin del gennem arbejdet i Udvalget om Konstitutionelle Anliggender i høj grad haft indflydelse på indholdet i udkastet til en forfatningstraktat25, som regeringskon ferencen kun har ændret på et meget begrænset antal punkter.
This and the General Affairs Council are the only two configurations of the Council whose existence is provided for by the Constitution, which leaves it to the European Council to decide by a qualified majority on the creation of other configurations.
I forbindelse med denne regerings konference blev Parlamentet ligeledes for første gang fuldt ud inddraget i arbejdet gennem sin
The efforts to modify the existing system of rotating Presidencies of the Council in order to raise the profile and increase the consistency and continuity of its work have had somewhat limited results.
23 Ideen om at vedtage et sådant charter, som i dag er del II i forfatningen, hidrører fra det tyske formandskab, som fik den godkendt på Det Europæiske Råds møde i Køln den 3.-4.6.1999.
Another of the institutional questions which were at the centre of debate both at the Convention and at the Intergovernmental Conference was the composition of the Commission.
Fremgangsmåden til udarbejdelse af chartret blev ligeledes fastlagt på dette møde og præciseret på det følgende møde i Tampere den 15.-16.10.1999. Det blev besluttet, at der skulle stiftes et forum - som senere blev kaldt konvent - som samlede de fire deltagere, der senere deltog i Konventet om Den Europæiske Unions Fremtid, men uden deltagelse af kandidatlandene.
The solution ultimately opted for, with its implementation deferred, deviated from the Convention's proposal, but it corresponds better with political reality and may be considered positive: it makes it possible to respect the new Member States' aspiration to be represented in the Commission during the first years after their accession, although in future, after a reasonable lapse of time (2014), the vital reduction in the number of Commissioners (to 2/3 of the number of Member States, which - even in a 27-member EU - would already mean that there were fewer Commissioners than at present).
Unions grundlæggende rettigheder (EFT C 377 af 29.12.2000, s. 329) . Beslutning af 14.11.2000: betænkning af Duff/Voggenhuber om godkendelse af udkast til Den Europæiske Unions charter om grundlæggende rettigheder (EFT C 223 af 8.8.2001, s. 74) .
The Constitution makes important progress regarding the appointment of the President of the Commission, who is in future to be elected by the European Parliament on a proposal by the European Council, acting by a qualified majority.
Beslutning af 23.10.2002: betænkning af Duff om virkningen af Den Europæiske Unions charter om grundlæggende rettigheder og dets fremtidige status (EUT C 300 E af 11.12.2003, s. 432) .
This is a further step in the process of imparting political legitimacy to the Commission, particularly as the European Council is required to take account of the elections to the European Parliament.
Beslutning af 29.11.2001: betænkning af Leinen/Méndez de Vigo om Det Europæiske Råds møde i Laeken og Unionens fremtid (EFT C 153 af 27.6.2002, s. 310(E)) .
Afterwards, the whole Commission, the President, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, who is appointed by means of a special procedure (see below), and the Commissioners, selected by the Council in agreement with the President-designate, will require a vote of approval en bloc by the European Parliament31.
Beslutning af 25.10.2001: betænkning af Poos om reformen af Rådet (EFT C 112 af 9.5.2002, s. 317 (E)) . Beslutning af 14.3.2002: betænkning af Garnero González om Den Europæiske Unions status som juridisk person
The enhanced role of the President of the Commission should also be noted, particularly as regards the internal organisation of the Commission and the right to demand the resignation of a Commissioner, which should improve the efficiency of the Commission.
Beslutning af 7.2.2002: betænkning af Napolitano om forbindelserne mellem Europa-Parlamentet og de nationale parlamenter i den europæiske integrationsproces (EFT C 284 af 21.11.2002, s. 322 (E)) .
One of the main institutional novelties of the Constitution is the creation of the post of Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Union (merging in a single post the pre-existing posts of High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy and Commissioner responsible for external relations), which will correspond to the objective of ensuring that all the external actions of the EU are consistent and have a high profile.
Beslutning af 16.5.2002: betænkning af Lamassoure om kompetenceafgrænsning mellem Den Europæiske Union og medlemsstaterne (EUT C 180 af 31.7.2003, s. 493 (E)) .
He will be assisted by a European External Action Service composed of officials from the Commission, the General Secretariat of the Council of Ministers and national diplomatic services, which is to be set up by decision of the Council after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the approval of the Commission.
Beslutning af 17.12.2002: betænkning af Bourlanges om retsakternes typologi og normhierarkiet i Den Europæiske Union (EUT C 31 af 5.2.2004, s. 126) .
Thus the Minister will be a member of the Commission, but he will have a special status, reflected in the procedures for his appointment and the possible ending of bis tenure: he will be appointed by the European Council, acting by a qualified majority, with the agreement of the President of the Commission; he may be dismissed by the European Council using the same procedure, and must resign if the President of the Commission asks him to do so.
Beslutning af 14.1.2003: betænkning af Napolitano om de regionale og lokale myndigheders rolle i opbygningen af Europa (EUT C 38 E af 12.2.2004, s. 167)
As a member of the Commission, his appointment must also be approved by the European Parliament when it votes on the investiture of the Commission as a whole, and if the Commission resigns en bloc following a motion of censure by the European Parliament, this also applies to him.
Beslutning af 24.9.2003: om udkast til traktat om indførelse af en forfatning for Europa og om Europa-Parlamentets udtalelse om indkaldelse af regeringskonferencen (EUT C 77 E af 26.3.2004, s. 255).
These provisions essentially correspond to what the European Parliament had long been calling for: the Minister will indeed be able to increase the consistency and efficiency of the Union's international action, promote the emergence of a genuine common foreign policy and raise the Union's international profile by giving it a face'. The threefold political
EP-Briefing formand, Pat Cox, og sine to repræsentanter, Iñigo Méndez de Vigo, der blev afløst af Elmar Brok, og Klaus Hänsch.
Briefing- Special Edition responsibility of the Minister, to the European Parliament, the Council and the President of the Commission, is positive.
Hvad forfatningen bidrager med i forhold til de gældende traktater og dermed det eksisterende "acquis"
The Constitution also enhances the role of the Union's judicial wing, which it calls the Gourt of Justice of the European Union', comprising the Gourt of Justice', the General Court' and possible 'specialised courts', which may be instituted by a European law32.
Den foreslåede nye forfatning for Europa indeholder en lang række væsentlige reformer af og for bedringer til den nuværende forfatning (dvs. det sæt af overlappende traktater, der for øjeblikket ud gør en de facto-forfatning).
In future, acts of the European Council and of the agencies will be subject to judicial control to ensure their legality.
Det er naturligvis i en række henseender et forsigtigt kompromis.
The conditions for the admissibility of complaints by natural and legal persons about regulatory acts are eased.
Ikke desto mindre er det et kompromis, der fører Europa fremad, der er blevet udarbejdet efter lange offentlige og pluralistiske debatter i Det Europæiske Konvent, og som er blevet afsluttet og god kendt af alle 25 medlemsstaters folkevalgte regeringer, som hver især ønsker, at dette kompromis skal udgøre grundlaget for fremtidens europæiske samarbejde.
There will be no restrictions on the bringing of actions against acts adopted in the field of judicial cooperation in criminal matters and police cooperation, except as regards reviewing the validity and proportionality of police operations and the exercise by States of their responsibilities for maintaining public order and internal security.
Man bør undgå en steril debat om et kunstigt spørgsmål: Der er ingen tvivl om, at der formelt er tale om en traktat, som vedtages og ratificeres i henhold til de gældende regler om ændring af traktaterne.
The provisions concerning the European Central Bank (elevated to the rank of an institution of the Union) and the Court of Auditors remain virtually unchanged.
Det kan ikke være anderledes. I kraft af sin karakter og sit indhold udgør denne traktat imidlertid en ægte forfatning.
However, it may be noted that the members of the Bank's Executive Board are in future to be appointed by the Council acting by a qualified majority and no longer unanimously.
1.3 Faktisk forholder det sig i alt væsentligt på samme måde med de gældende traktater: Unionen har, som enhver anden politisk størrelse, allerede en forfatning, som kan udledes af de traktater, der har affødt den.
As regards the Committee of the Regions and the Economic and Social Committee, there are virtually no changes.
Ved at forenkle disse og give dem en mere forståelig form samt ved at give dem en særlig ophøjet karakter tager man et væsentligt skridt imod en tydeliggørelse af systemet, således at det bliver mere gennemsigtigt og forståeligt for borgerne.
However, the Committee of the Regions acquires the right to bring an action on grounds of a violation of the principle of subsidiarity by a legislative act for the adoption of which the Constitution requires it to be consulted.
1.5 Man kan med rimelighed argumentere for, at forfatningstraktatens del III burde have været revideret væsentligt, og at mange af dens bestemmelser ikke reelt har forfatningskarakter, er for detaljerede og komplekse og ikke burde være indskrevet i en ægte forfatning.
It may thus be concluded that, despite certain aspects with regard to which it is not possible to judge in advance how effective the proposed changes will be, the Constitution succeeds in
Men dette var ikke en del af konventets opgaver. Forenklingen er imidlertid indlysende: samtlige bestemmelser er samlet i et sammenhængende og struktureret dokument, og læsning af del I og II, hvori de mere forfatningsmæssige aspekter er samlet, giver borgeren et ret klart overblik over den politiske virkelighed i Unionen og borgerens rettigheder.
Adopted by Parliament and the Council by means of the ordinary legislative procedure, either on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the Court of Justice, or at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the Commission.
1.6 Del Ill's længde har givet anledning til kritiske bemærkninger om, at forfatningen er alt for detaljeret og kompleks, f.eks. sammenlignet med den amerikanske forfatning.
The Constitution brings about significant progress in terms of simplification and rationalisation of decisionmaking procedures and instruments for action.
Dette skyldes, at del III ligesom de foregående traktater indeholder en detaljeret beskrivelse af målene for EU's virksomhed inden for hvert politisk område og dermed også en afgrænsning af denne virksomhed.
The gains as regards the efficiency of procedures, their democratic legitimacy and their transparency are obvious.
EU-institutionerne har ikke "carte blanche" til at handle uden begrænsninger på et hvilket som helst politisk område.
Even the changes of terminology are important in order to allow citizens to understand more clearly who decides what in the Union and how.
2.1 Et meget væsentligt fremskridt, for så vidt angår gennemsigtigheden i og borgernes forståelse for den europæiske virkelighed, er samlingen af de forskellige traktater i ét enkelt dokument og overførslen àf en meget kompleks virkelighed med forskellige enheder (Den Europæiske Union, Det Europæiske Fællesskab) til én enkelt størrelse - Den Europæiske Union - med status som én (enkelt) juridisk person på internationalt niveau, hvilket vil øge effektiviteten og synligheden i Unionens foranstaltninger på dette område.
The typology of legal instruments is simplified and clarified: six types of legal instrument are provided for: laws, framework laws, regulations, decisions, recommendations and opinions.
Hertil kommer ophævelsen af strukturen med de tre søjler [fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik (FUSP), retlige og indre anliggender (RIA) og Fællesskabet], som fusioneres i Unionen med en enkelt institutionel ramme og generel anvendelse af fællesskabsmetoden, bortset fra at der fortsat forudsættes særlige beslutningsprocedurer inden for den fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik (herunder forsvar) på grund af dette områdes specifikke karakter.
These terms are simple and clear, and the designation European' added to each of these categories will make it clear to the public what is meant, since they correspond to the terminology used in most Member States (a law is a set of rules emanating from Parliament, a regulation is a set of rules adopted by the executive), putting an end to the confusion and terminological imprecision which have prevailed until now.
Med forfatningen er der således én enkelt traktat og én enkelt enhed: Den Europæiske Union .
The supremacy of legislative acts over executive acts is clearly stipulated.
2.2 Forfatningen giver i artikel 18 plads til Unionens symboler, nemlig Unionens flag (en cirkel bestående af tolv gyldne stjerner på blå baggrund), dens hymne (Ode til Glæden fra Beethovens 9. symfoni), dens motto (forenet i mangfoldighed), dens mønt (euroen) og Europa-dagen (den 9. maj), der skal give borgerne mulighed for bedre at identificere Unionen og styrke deres følelse af at være knyttet sammen i et skæbnefællesskab.
The main features of the ordinary legislative procedure are as follows: the power of initiative rests with the Commission (except in the case of certain topics in the field of the area of freedom, security and justice, where the Commission shares it with at least 1/4 of the Member States), there is codecision by the European Parliament and the Council (some small changes which have been made to the old codecision procedure are intended precisely to stress the complete equality between the two institutions), and the Council adopts its decision by a qualified majority.
En klar definition af Unionens værdier, principper og mål
In all these fields, the Council can no longer decide by itself, but only in agreement with Parliament.
Forfatningen indledes meget sigende med artikler, der fastlægger de værdier og principper, som Unionen bygger på, samt de mål, som Unionen skal stræbe mod.
Regrettably, there are still too many cases in which special legislative procedures apply, so that one institution adopts an act with the participation of the other institution - which may range from assent to mere consultation - and in some cases it is difficult to see the choice of this type of procedure as anything but the result of concessions made during the negotiations at the Intergovernmental Conference. There are three cases in which the European
3.1 Forfatningens helt nye indledende artikel (1-1) omhandler Unionens dobbelte legitimitet baseret på borgernes og staternes vilje.
Parliament may enact laws with the assent of the Council34. In contrast, there are 28 cases in which provision is made for Council laws35.
Forfatningen lægger vægten på det enkelte menneske, dvs. mænd og kvinder med rettigheder og forpligtelser, som er borgere i Unionen, fordi de er
The law containing the annual budget is subject to a special procedure for joint decisionmaking by the European Parliament and the Council (cf. point 8 below).
26 Euratom-traktaten berøres dog ikke af forfatningen og vedbliver dermed at eksistere sideløbende med denne, selv om visse af dens bestemmelser ændres ved protokol om ændring af Euratom-traktaten, således at de gøres kompatible med forfatningsteksten. Ikke desto mindre har Tyskland, Irland, Ungarn, Østrig og Sverige i erklæring nr. 44 til regeringskonferencens slutakt andmodet om, at der hurtigst muligt indkaldes en regeringskonference med henblik på en revision af Euratom-traktaten.
Despite these exceptions, the Constitution undeniably represents distinct progress in terms of the efficiency and democratic legitimacy of European law-making.
Endvidere kan man vanskeligt komme uden om, at forfatningstraktaten indeholder for mange protokoller, bilag og erklæringer; ikke færre end 36 protokoller (som i alt væsentligt er taget fra bilagene til de gældende traktater og blot tilpasset til forfatningsteksten), som bl.a. omhandlerSchengen-reglerne, de nationale parlamenters rolle, nærheds- og proportionalitetsprincippet, overgangsbestemmelser vedrørende institutionerne, permanent struktureret samarbejde på forsvarsområdet osv., to bilag (allerede eksisterende, angår listen over landbrugsprodukter og listen over oversøiske lande og territorier) og 46 erklæringer.
One of the questions which gave rise to most debate, both at the Convention and at the Intergovernmental Conference, was reform of the Union's system of finance, particularly the budgetary procedure. It was a matter of institutionalising a system which in future would make it possible to finance the Union adequately, transparently and democratically, and particularly for the European Parliament to consolidate its powers as an arm of the budgetary authority by giving it a decisive say on the whole of the EU budget, including expenditure hitherto classified as 'compulsory', such as expenditure on the common agricultural policy and the common fisheries policy.
Disse protokoller har samme retskraft som forfatningstraktaten og skal derfor også ratificeres af samtlige medlemsstater.
The final result, although positive overall, to some extent represented a change of emphasis by the Intergovernmental Conference, which did not entirely accept the Convention's proposals.
Dette gælder ikke for erklæringerne, som ikke er retligt bindende.
The Convention had proposed a three-stage model which was simple and balanced:
EP-Briefing borgere i en medlemsstat, og som i kraft af dette unionsborgerskab har adgang til en række supplerende rettigheder.
- the Council would continue to decide unanimously (with the subsequent approval of the Member States in accordance with their respective constitutional rules) on the essential features and on the own-resources ceiling36;
I denne artikel fastslås de grundlæggende forudsætninger for opbygningen af Europa. Medlemsstaterne tildeler EU beføjelser for at nå deres fælles mål.
- the two institutions would decide jointly on the annual budget: after a first reading in each institution, which could lead to the convening of a conciliation committee, Parliament would have the last word in the event of disagreement, on condition that a very large majority was in favour; otherwise, the Council's position would prevail.
På europæisk plan samordner Unionen de politikker i medlemsstaterne, der har til formål at nå disse mål, og det er Unionens institutioner, der udøver de overførte beføjelser.
This meant that the Member States would continue to hold the key to the determination of the amount and nature of the Union's revenue, that the two arms of the budgetary authority would have to agree on the programming of expenditure and that, in the event of disagreement on the annual budget, the European Parliament could have the last word on overall expenditure (the distinction between compulsory and non-compulsory expenditure being dropped), albeit within the limits of the ceilings imposed by the financial framework.