natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Dette bevirkede i praksis, at det overvældende flertal af forbrugere uden for Frankrig blev nægtet adgang til en betydelig del af billetterne til finalekampene.
How­ever, the decision sends a clear signal that the Commission expects future tournament organis­ers to ensure that their ticketing arrangements comply fully with EC competition rules before putting them into effect (').
(1) For na-rmere enkeltheder henvises til XXVII Beretning om Kon kurrencepolitikken, nr. 65.
(■') For more details see 1997 Competition Report, point 65.
(J) Sag C-497/99 P. Irish Sugar pic mod Kommissionen.
(4) Case C­497/99 Ρ Irish Sugar ν Commission.
A — Nødvendige og gensidige relationer
A — Relations which are necessary and reciprocal
EU's konkurrencepolitik tager sigte på at bevare en høj grad af konkurrence på fællesmarkedet.
The goal of competition policy is to maintain a high degree of competition in the common mar­ket.
Denne politik giver sig for de endelige brugere udslag i lavere priser, større valgmuligheder og teknologisk innovation.
For final users, this policy is reflected in lower prices, a wider choice of goods, and tech­nological innovation.
I betragtning af de virkninger, konkurrencepolitikken har forde endelige forbrugere, forekommer det
The Commission, and its departments which deal with competition, can expect a good deal of feedback from consumers and consumer organisations.
I kraft af deres kendskab til, hvordan markederne fungerer i dagligdagen, bl .a. de store for­brugsmarkeder, kan forbrugerorganisationerne via klager eller uformelle kontakter give Kommissionen vigtige oplysninger, på gmndlag af hvilke dens tjenestegrene kan tage sager op.
position to provide the Commission, by means of complaints or through informal contacts, with information which may allow its departments to start own-initiative proceedings.
Når de er interesserede parter i sager mod virksomheder, kan de desuden bidrage ti!, at de faktiske forhold belyses.
Likewise, when they are interested parties in the context of proceedings initiated against firms, they can contribute to the establishment of the facts.
For Kommis­sionen kan forbrugerorganisationerne endelig også fungere som et middel til at kanalisere information ud til borgerne.
Lastly, consumer organisations can act as an excellent information relay for the Commission, passing on information intended for the public.
Β — De nuværende relationer mellem Generaldirektoratet for Konkurrence og forbrugerorganisationerne
ß — Sfafe of relations between the Competition DG and consumer organisations
Der er ret hyppige kontakter mellem de tjenestegrene i Kommissionen, der arbejder med konkurrence­spørgsmål, og forbrugerorganisationerne, bl.a. i form af almindelige høringer angående lovgivningsprojek­ter eller i forbindelse med individuelle sager, når disse organisationer indgiver klager til Kommissionen eller uformelt påpeger forskellige forhold.
The Commission departments responsible for competition are in fairly regular contact with con sumer associations, notably in the context of general consultation on draft legislation or of indi vidual cases in which such associations lodge a complaint with the Commission or express con cerns informally.
Som eksem­pel kan nævnes BEUC's deltagelse i den høring, Kommissionen afholdt om grønbogen om vertikale kon­kurrencebegrænsninger, og den høring, Europa­Parlamentet afholdt om hvidbogen om modernisering af EU's konkurrenceregler.
For example, BEUC was represented at the hearing organised by the Commission on the Green Paper on vertical restraints in competition policy and at the hearing organised by the European Parliament on the White Paper on modernisation.
Ved flere af disse høringer har der været et godt samarbejde mellem Kommissi­onen og forbrugerorganisationerne.
Cooperation between the Commission and consumer associations has been judged satisfactory during several such consultation exercises.
Når Kommissionen offentliggør dele af anmeldelser af aftaler eller fusioner i en meddelelse i EF­Tidende, kontakter forbrugerorganisationer undertiden Kommissionen som interesserede parter i individuelle sager, når de finder, at en konkurrencebegrænsende aftale eller en fusion kan skade forbrugernes interesser.
Where the Commission publicises notifications of agreements or plans for mergers or acquisitions via a notice in the Official Journal, consumer associations sometimes contact the Commission as interested parties in individual cases, where they consider that consumer interests may be harmed by the effect of a restrictive agreement or a merger.
Kom­missionen kan også rette forespørgsler til dem under behandlingen af en sag.
The Commission may also contact them by administrative letter to ask for information in the context of proceedings.
Således spillede f.eks. den britiske forbrugerorganisation en aktiv rolle i fusionssagen Airtours/First Choice, bl.a. under høringen.
Thus, the UK Consumers' Association played an active part in the AirtourslFirst Choice merger case, in particular during the hearing.
Også i flere sager angående transatlantiske alliancer har Kommissionen haft lejlighed til at høre forbru­gerorganisationer (flypassagerer).
Likewise, in a number of transatlantic alliance cases, the Commission had the opportunity of hearing consumer associations (airline passengers).
Det samme var desuden tilfældet i postsagerne, bl.a. REIMS II. hvor Kommissionen modtog bemærkninger fra BEUC.
The same went for postal services cases, especially REIMS II, in which the Commission received comments from BEUC.
Forbrugerorganisationerne kan også gå direkte til Kommissionen med en klage mod en bestemt virksom­hed eller branche.
Consumer associations may also lodge complaints directly with the Commission in respect of a firm or a particular sector of the economy.
I disse tilfælde har Kommissionen i overensstemmelse med EF­Domstolens retspraksis (Automec II­dommen) visse skønsbeføjelser til at afgøre, om sagen tages op, eller om sagen afvises på grund af manglende fællesskabsinteresse.
When it receives complaints of this kind, the Commission enjoys a certain amount of discretion, on the basis of the case law of the Court of Justice (Automec //judgment), in deciding whether to launch own-initiative proceedings or to reject the complaint on the ground of lack of Community interest.
Kommissionen har da også allerede taget sager til behandling på eget initiativ efter at have modtaget oplysninger fra individuelle forbrugere eller forbrugerorganisationer.
The Commission has already opened own-initiative proceedings on the basis of information received from individual consumers or their representative associations.
Den væsentligste af disse sager var nok sagen mod Volkswagen­Audi, der mundede ud i en beslutning, hvori Kommissionen pålagde bøder på 102 mio. ECU.
The most significant own-initiative proceedings of this kind were without doubt those which were initiated against Volkswagen-Audi and which terminated in a decision imposing a fine of ECU 102 million.
Desuden kan nævnes sagen angående færgekartel­let mellem Grækenland og Italien, som Kommissionen tog op efter en klage fra en forbruger.
Another example is the case involving the Greek/Italian ferry cartel, in which the Commission initiated proceedings following receipt of a complaint (in the form of a letter from a consumer).
I — KONKURRENCEBEGRÆNSENDE AFTALER OG MISBRUG AF DOMINERENDE STILLING — ARTIKEL 81 OG. 82 STATSMONOPOLER OG MONOPOLRETTIGHEDER — ARTIKEL 31 OG 86
I — ANTITRUST: ARTICLES 81 AND 82 STATE MONOPOLIES AND MONOPOLY RIGHTS: ARTICLES 31 AND 86
Telekommunikation net, og France Télécom overførte sine kabelnet til joint venture-selskaber dannet sammen med brugerne af selskabets net.
Telecommunications cable networks to companies jointly owned with the operators of its networks.
Kommissionen forbeholder sig imidlertid ret til at gå endnu videre i visse tilfælde, jf. beslutningen om fusionen mellem Telia og Telenor (3).
The Commission none the less reserves the right to go further in certain cases, as illustrated by its decision on the Telia/Telenor merger (3).
Direktiv efter artikel 86, stk. 3, om juridisk adskillelse af kabel- og televirksomhed (1)
Directive under Article 86(3) on the
Femte rapport om gennemførelse af direktiverne
Fifth report on the implementation of the directives legal separation of cable and telecommunications activities (1)
Rapporten gør status over resultaterne af liberaliseringen af telesektoren i med lemsstaterne.
This report takes stock of the results of telecommunications liberalisa­tion in the Member States.
Den 23. juni 1999 vedtog Kommissionen et direktiv om sjette ændring af direktiv 90/388/EØF af 28. juni 1990 om liberalisering af markedet for teletjenester.
On 23 June, the Commission adopted a directive amending for the sixth time Directive 90/388/EEC of 28 June 1990 on competition in telecommunications services.
Ifølge denne ændring skal medlemsstaterne sikre, at teleselskaber, som indtager en dominerende stilling, og som er statskontrolleret eller nyder særlige rettigheder, driver deres kabel-tv-virksomhed som en særskilt aktivitet, der varetages af et strukturelt adskilt selskab.
Pursuant to this amendment, Member States must ensure that telecommunications operators which are in dom­inant positions and which are controlled by a Member State or granted special rights pursue their cable television activities in a structurally separate company.
Samtidig drift af begge slags net kan nemlig give anledning til en interessekonflikt, idet et selskab, der befinder sig i den situation, er langt mindre tilbøjelig til at gennemføre en hurtig modernisering af sit ka beldistributionsnet og til at benytte det til at kon kurrere med sit telefonnet, som også muliggør bredbåndstransmission takket være nye teknologier såsom xDSL.
This is in the light of the con­flict of interests that exists between the operation of the two networks. An operator active on both networks is much less inclined to carry out rapid upgrading of the cable network and to use it to compete with its own telephone network, which also allows broadband transmission thanks to new technologies available today such as xDSL.
Denne femte rapport er forfattet af den såkaldte »fællesgruppe«, der har til opgave at føre kontrol med gennemførelsen af EU's lovgivning på telekommunikationsområdet. Den består af tjenestemænd fra de generaldirektorater, der er ansvarlige for henholdsvis telekommunikation og konkurrence.
The fifth report was prepared by the 'joint team' (body responsible for implementing Com­munity telecommunications legislation) com­prising officials drawn from the Directorates­General responsible for telecommu­nications and for competition.
Gruppen modtog input fra de gamle operatører, nye operatører og de forskellige medlemsstaters nationale tilsynsmyndigheder under bilaterale møder afholdt i Bruxelles. Den indsamlede ligeledes en række statistiske oplysninger hos de nationale myndigheder, som er sammenfattet i rapportens bilag.
This team heard comments from incumbent operators, new entrants and the national regulatory authorities from each Member State during bilateral meet­ings held in Brussels and collected statistics from the authorities, which are summarised in the annex to the report.
Direktivet blev vedtaget efter afslutningen af en bred høring afalle berørte parter i 1998, der tog udgangspunkt i den første version, som Kommissionen vedtog efter førstebehandling den 16. de cember 1997 (2).
The directive was adopted following wide consultation of interested parties during 1998 on the basis of a first draft adopted on first reading by the Commission on 16 December 1997 (2).
Høringsrunden viste, at der var almindelig enighed om, at det var nødvendigt at gøre noget ved den interessekonflikt, der kan op stå, når én og samme operatør driver både telefon nettet og kabel-tv-nettet.
During the consultation process, a consensus was reached on the need to deal with the conflict of interests arising where the same operator owns the telephone and cable networks.
Den juridiske adskillelse mellem de to aktiviteter ansås at være det minimum, der var nødvendigt for at løse problemet.
Legal separa­tion was thought to be the minimum needed to deal with this problem·.
Denne generelle analyse blev bekræftet af Euro pa-Parlamentet i en beslutning af 9. februar 1999.
This general analysis was confirmed by the European Parliament in its res­olution adopted on 9 February.
Markedets værdi beløb sig til 183 mia. EUR.
In terms of value, the telecommunica­tions services market was worth EUR 183 billion.
Markedets mest dynamiske segment er mobiltelefoni, der voksede med 31,5 % i 1999 og repræsenterede en værdi af 49 mia. EUR.
The most dynamic segment of the market was mo­bile telephony, which grew by 31.5 % in 1999 to a value of EUR 49 billion.
Takket være konkurrencen faldt udlandstaksterne for privatkunder med i gennemsnit 40 % i de fleste medlemsstater i perioden 199799 (4), mens udlandstaksterne for erhvervskunder faldt med i gennemsnit 25 % i samme periode.
Furthermore, thanks to competition, residential telephone tariffs for inter­national calls fell by 40 % on average between 1997 and 1999 in most Member States (4); busi­ness tariffs for similar calls were also down in most Member States (on average by 25 % over the same period).
Taksterne på 1 O-minutters regional- og langdistanceopkald faldt med henholdsvis 13% og 30 % (5).
Tariffs for 10­minute regional and long­distance calls fell by 13 % and 30 % respec­tively (5).
Kvalitetsoversigten i bilaget til rapporten bekræfter, at de gamle operatørers taletelefonitjenester er blevet forbedret.
The overview of quality indicators an­nexed to the report confirms that voice telephony services offered by incumbent operators have im­proved.
Taksterne for lokalsamtaler er til gengæld ikke faldet nævne-
However, tariffs for local calls have not
Af denne grund bebudede flere operatører, at de ville tage de nødvendige første skridt til at overholde det nye krav om juridisk adskillelse af de to aktiviteter og måske gå endnu videre (ved at afhænde deres kabelnet), selv inden direktivets vedtagelse.
For this reason, several operators announced that they were taking the necessary preparatory steps to comply with the legal separation obliga­tion, or even to go one step further (divestment of the cable networks), even before the directive was adopted.
De fleste fandt, at den valgte løsning levede op til markedskravene i den nye multimedieverden og var i selskabernes egen interesse.
Most considered that the approach taken met the demands of the market in a multi­media environment and was in the interest of the firms themselves.
Deutsche Telekom lancerede således i august 1999 et udbud om selskabets kabeldistributions
Deutsche Telekom thus launched a call for tenders for its cable networks in August, while France Télécom transferred its
(') Se det efterfølgende kapitel 11.
(■') See Chapter II below.
Rapportens forskellige taloplysninger bekræfter ligeledes den kraftige stigning i brugen af mobiltelefoner og Internettet i EU. Dette eren udvikling, der fremskyndes af det meget stærke konkurrencepres på disse markeder.
The statistical data annexed to the report also confirm the rapid growth in mobile and Internet penetration in the European Union, which is underpinned by the keen competition on these markets.
Ønsket om at fjerne disse hindringer er netop et af formålene med den revurdering af lovrammerne, som Kom missionen indledte den 10. november 1999 med vedtagelsen af meddelelsen »Fastlæggelse af nye rammebestemmelser for elektronisk kommunikationsinfrastruktur og tilhørende tjenester« (KOM(1999) 539 endelig udg.).
Filling these gaps is one of the objectives of the review of the regulatory framework also launched by the Commission on 10 November with the adoption of its communication 'Towards a new framework for electronic communications infrastructure and associated services: The 1999 Communications Review' (COM( 1999) 539).
Kontrol med gennemførelsen af direktiverne ensstemmelse med direktiv 90/388/EØF skulle Belgien siden anden halvdel af 1997 have sørget for, at der fandtes en metode, som gjorde det mul igt at identificere omkostningselementerne i samtrafikafgiften.
Directive 90/388/EEC Belgium had to ensure that a method identified the cost elements incorporated in the interconnection charge from the first half of 1997.
Belgien har efterfølgende ændret sin lovgivning, og Domstolen har ophævet sagen (sag C-337/99).
Since Belgium amended its legislation accordingly, the Court was able to close the case (Case C-337/99).
Den 28. juli 1999 besluttede Kommissionen at forelægge Domstolen en ny overtrædelsesprocedure mod Belgien, denne gang vedrørende metoden til beregning af nettoprisen for levering af forsyningspligttjenester og operatørernes bidrag til finansieringen heraf på telekommunikationsmarkedet (sag C-384/99).
On 28 July, the Commission decided to refer to the Court another infringement case against Belgium, this time in respect of the method of calculating the net cost of universal service provision and the contributions of operators to its financing on the telecom munications market (Case C-384/99).
Den 17. oktober 1999 anlagde Kommissionen sag ved Domstolen (sag C-429/99) mod Portugal, der forhindrer kon kurrence om call back-tjenester på sit område.
On 17 October, the Commission brought an action before the Court of Justice against Portugal for preventing competition in 'call-back' services on its territory (Case C-429/99).
Medlemsstaterne og især Belgien gjorde store fremskridt i årets sidste måneder, men ved årets af slutning verserede der ikke desto mindre 15 over trædelsesprocedurer mod medlemsstater, som ikke havde gennemført liberaliseringsdirektiverne på korrekt vis.
Despite substantial progress made by the Member States and especially by Belgium in the last few months of the year, 1999 ended with 15 infringement proceedings in progress against Member States which had not correctly transposed the competition directives.
Iværksættelse af en undersøgelse inden for telesektoren (2)
Launching of an inquiry into the telecommunications sector (2)
Den 27. juli 1999 besluttede Kommissionen at indlede en særlig undersøgelse af telesektoren i over ensstemmelse med artikel 12 i forordning nr. 17 af 1962.
On 27 July the Commission decided to launch an inquiry into the telecommunications sector, pursuant to Article 12 of Regulation No 17, covering three areas:
— Lejede kredsløb, især internationale lejede kredsløb. Kommissionen har modtaget en række uformelle klager over bestemte etablerede operatører med påstande om prisdiskrimination, forskelsbehandling, forsinkelser og dårlig service.
— leased lines, especially international leased lines: the Commission had received informal complaints against certain incumbent operators, in which it was alleged that discrimination was being practised as regards charges, treatment and delays in delivery or the quality of service.
Desuden har den største inter nationale sammenslutning af telekommunikationsbrugere (INTUG) foretaget en sammen ligning af de etablerede selskabers takster for lejede kredsløb i hele EU, og den viser, at for skellen mellem udlands- og indlandstaksterne er på over 120 % i samtlige medlemsstater, og at den i nogle tilfælde er på hele 500 %. Disse forskelle forekommer urimelige.
Furthermore, the main international association of telecommunications users (INTUG) had compared the charges for leased lines applied by incumbent operators across the common market and its findings showed that the cross-border/national charge ratio ex ceeded 120 % in all Member States and was as high as 500 % in some cases, discrepancies which did not appear to be justified;
11999 gik Kommissionen videre med de over trædelsesprocedurer, den indledte i 1997 og 1998 mod medlemsstater, der ikke havde gennemført liberaliseringsdirektiverne som forskrevet.
During 1999 the Commission continued the infringement proceedings initiated in 1997 and 1998 against those Member States which had not correctly transposed the liberalisation directives.
Kom missionen besluttede således at rette fem begrundede udtalelser til Grækenland ('), da landet hver ken havde fjernet alle hindringer for drift af mobil kommunikationstjenester efter DCS 1800-stan-darden og DECT-standarden (trods forekomsten af ledige frekvenser) eller liberaliseret markedet for satellittjenester og andre alternative infrastrukturer i overensstemmelse med Kommissionens di rektiv 96/19/EF om fuldstændig liberalisering af markederne for teletjenester og Kommissionens beslutning 97/607/EF.
The Commission thus decided to send five reasoned opinions to Greece ('), which had neither lifted all restrictions on the operation of DCS 1800 and DECT mobile telecommunications services, despite the availability of frequencies, nor liberalised satellite services and alternative infrastructures in accordance with the directive on the implementation of full competition (Commission Directive 96/19/EC) and with Commission Decision 97/607/EC.
Disse klagepunkter blev indbragt for Domstolen (forenede sager C-396/99 og C-397/99).
These first two objections were referred to the Court of Justice (Joined Cases C-396 and C-397/99).
Den 9. september 1999 anlagde Kommissionen sag ved Domstolen som led i en overtrædelsesprocedure indledt mod Belgien den 2. december 1997. Overtrædelsesproceduren ved rører det omkostningsregnskabssystem, som det etablerede selskab, Belgacom, skal indføre. I over
On 9 September, the Commission also brought an action before the Court of Justice in the context of proceedings initiated against Belgium on 2 December 1997 for failure to implement a Community directive in respect of the cost accounting method to be implemented by the incumbent operator, Belgacom.
På hverken engros- eller detaildelen af dette marked synes der at fremkomme nye konkurrence-
— mobile roaming services, including national roaming: no real competitive supply appeared
(') IP/99/152af3.3.1999.
(') See Press Release IP/99/152. 3.3.1999.
C) IP/99/786 af 22.10.1999.
() See Press Release IP/99/786, 22.10.1999.
I — KONKURRENCEBEGRÆNSENDE AFTALER OG MISBRUG AF DOMINERENDE STILLING — ARTIKEL 81 OG 82 STATSMONOPOLER OG MONOPOLRETTIGHEDER — ARTIKEL 31 OG 86 dygtige tilbud.
I — ANTITRUST: ARTICLES 81 AND 82 STATE MONOPOLIES AND MONOPOLY RIGHTS: ARTICLES 31 AND 86 to be emerging on the market for wholesale or retail roaming services.
Direktivet er første skridt i retning af udvikling af et indre marked for posttjenester. Det fastsætter fælles regler, som skal sikre en højere grad af har­monisering af vilkårene i postsektoren i EU.
Moreover, the Commission had received complaints from users who considered that roaming charges were extremely high; postal sector; it establishes common rules to ensure greater harmonisation of the conditions governing the postal sector in the Community.
Direktivet har to hovedformål, nemlig at få gen­nemført en gradvis og kontrolleret liberalisering af markedet for posttjenester og samtidig sikre postbefordringspligten til gavn for alle brugere i samtlige medlemsstater.
The directive has two main aims: to provide for the gradual and controlled liberalisation of the postal market, and at the same time to guarantee the provision of a universal postal service to all users throughout the Member States.
Med henblik på at opfylde det første formål fastsætter direktivet maksimumsgrænser for, hvilke tjenester der kan være omfattet af en eneret.
In implementing its first aim, the directive establishes maximum limits for postal services which may be reserved.
Hvad det andet formål angår, fastsætter direktivet bestemte minimums­krav til postbefordringspligten.
In furthering its second aim, the directive sets forth certain minimum require ments which the universal service must fulfil.