natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
En planlagt fusion mellem de to danske mejerier MD Foods og Kløver Mælk, førte til, at erhvervsministeren i marts 1999 bad Konkurrencestyrelsen om at undersøge, hvordan fusionen mellem MD Foods og Kløver Mælk ville påvirke det danske marked for mejeriprodukter.
In the case of the planned merger between two Danish dairies, MDFoods and Kløver Mælk, the Minister for Trade and Industry requested the Competition Department in March to investigate the merger’s potential impact on the Danish dairy market.
Undersøgelsen skulle anvendes som grundlag for erhvervsministerens beslutning om, hvorvidt Danmark skulle anmode Kommissionen om at vurdere fusionen. Fusionen havde således ikke fællesskabsdimension og skulle derfor ikke anmeldes til Kommissionen.
The purpose of the investigation was to enable the minister to decide whetherthe Danish authorities should refer the case to the Commission, given that the merger did not have a Community dimension and notification was therefore not mandatory.
Konkurrencestyrelsens undersøgelse viste, at fusionen kunne få skadelige virkninger for konkurrencen, både når det drejede sig om forbrugere, konkurrenter og detailhandelen.
The Competition Department’s investigationsalso showed that the merger might distort competition from the perspective of consumers as well as that ofcompetitors and the retail trade.
MD Foods afgav derfor en række tilsagn, som efter Konkurrencestyrelsens vurdering svarede til EU-praksis.
Accordingly, MDFoods entered into a number of undertakings which, in theview of the Competition Department, were in line with Community practice.
På denne baggrund anbefalede Konkurrencestyrelsen erhvervsministeren at acceptere fusionen mellem MD Foods og Kløver Mælk, såfremt MD Foods accepterede de opstillede adfærdsmæssige og strukturelle foranstaltninger (310).
In these circumstances, the Competition Department recommended that the minister authorise the merger between MDFoods and Kløver Mælk on condition that MD accepted the proposed measures on behaviour and structure.(311)
Konkurrencerådet har accepteret en aftale mellem sundhedsministeriet og Lægemiddelindustriforeningen (Lif) om priser på lægemidler, som skulle sikre, at de offentlige tilskud
The Competition Council also authorised an accord between the Ministry of Health and thepharmaceutical industry association (Lif) on the price of medicinal products, with a view to restricting
354 ANVENDELSEN AF KONKURRENCEREGLERNE I DEN EUROPÆISKE UNION
346APPLICATION OF THE COMPETITION RULES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION state aid in the sector.
Konkurrencerådet (Kilpailuneuvosto) vedtog en afgørelse, hvori det konstateredes, at selskabet Ajasto (312) havde gjort sig skyldig i misbrug af en dominerende stilling på markedet for kalendere og almanakker udgivet i Finland ved i forbindelse med tildelingen af basisrabatter, årlige godtgørelser og tilskud til markedsføring at have anvendt diskriminerende og bindende foranstaltninger over for sine kunder og pålagde Ajasto at betale en bøde på 2 mio. FIM til staten.
The Competition Council (Kilpailuneuvosto) took a decision finding that Ajasto(313) had been guilty ofabusing a dominant position on the market for calendars and almanacs published in Finland because itapplied discriminatory and restrictive criteria to its customers in connection with the granting of basicreductions, annual bonuses and marketing aid. It ordered Ajasto to pay a fine of FIM2million to thestate.
Ajasto appellerede konkurrencerådets afgørelse til den øverste forvaltningsdomstol (korkein hallinto-oikeus).
Ajasto appealed against the Competition Council’s decision to the Supreme Administrative Court(Korkein hallinto-oikeus).
Konkurrencemyndigheden (Kilpailuvirasto) afviste den 6. august 1999 en ny anmodning om fritagelse, som Maa- ja metsätaloustuottajien Keskusliitto ry (MTK) (centralforbundet af landbrugs- og skovbrugsproducenter) havde indgivet for en aftale om samarbejde med skovejere om handel med rundtømmer, med den begrundelse at et sådant samarbejde ikke forekom at forbedre effektiviteten eller at være til fordel for kunderne.
On 6August the Competition Authority (Kilpailuvirasto) rejected the new application for exemptionsubmitted by the Central Union of Agriculture and Forestry Producers (Maa- ja metsätaloustuottajien Keskusliitto ry — MTK)with a view to promoting cooperation between forest owners in the roundwoodtrade on the grounds that such cooperation did not appear to improve efficiency or benefit customers.
Det drejer sig om en konsultationsordning, der gav skovejerne mulighed for at indgå aftaler med skovdriftsvirksomhederne om prisoverslag forud for forhandlingerne.
Itconsisted of a consultation system whereby forest owners attempted to reach agreement with loggingenterprises on prices prior to negotiations.
Den fritagelse, konkurrencemyndigheden havde meddelt i 1997, var gyldig indtil den 30. april 1999 (313). Konkurrencemyndigheden arbejdede ved behandlingen af denne anmodning om fritagelse sammen med Kommissionen.
The exemption granted by the Competition Authority in 1997remained in force until 30April.(314) The Competition Authority worked together with the European Commission to examine this exemption application.
Sidstnævnte havde ved en administrativ skrivelse af 16. december 1996 givet de berørte parter tilladelse til at iværksætte en femårsplan om handel med træ.
The Commission had authorised the parties toimplement a five-year plan for the timber trade by administrative letter dated 16December 1996.
MTK appellerede konkurrencemyndighedens afgørelse til konkurrencerådet.
MTKlodged an appeal against the Competition Authority’s decision with the Competition Council.
Konkurrencemyndigheden fastslog i sin afgørelse af 16. september 1999 om indenlandsk roaming på mobile radiokommunikationsnet, at Sonera og Radiolinja havde hindret konkurrencen på området udbud af indenlandske mobile radiokommunikationstjenester ved at fastsætte en så høj pris, at den hindrede en anden konkurrent, Telia, i at deltage i de nødvendige aktiviteter inden for det nationale udbud af sådanne tjenester.
In its statement of 16 September concerning national roaming on mobile phone networks, the Competition Authority took the view that Sonera and Radiolinja had undermined competition in nationalmobile telephone services by setting a price for national roaming which was so high that it preventedanother competitor, Telia, from taking part in activities which were vital if it was to provide such serviceson a national level.
Konkurrencemyndigheden afsluttede behandlingen af denne sag, efter at Telia og Radiolinja havde indgået en aftale, der gav Telia mulighed for at tilbyde en indenlandsk mobil radiokommunikationstjeneste.
The Competition Authority wound up investigations after Telia and Radiolinjaconcluded an agreement enabling Telia to offer a national mobile phone service.
Konkurrencemyndigheden fandt, at Helsingin Puhelin Oyj (HPY) og Päijät-Hämeen Puhelinyhdistys (PHP) havde gjort sig skyldige i misbrug af dominerende stilling ved at fastsætte taksterne for visse tjenesteydelser til deres kunder på en diskriminerende og bindende måde og således udelukke konkurrerende teleoperatører.
The Competition Authority took the view that Helsingin Puhelin Oyj (HPY) and Päijät-Hämeen Puhelinyhdistys (PHP)had abused a dominant position by pricing certain customer services in adiscriminatory, restrictive fashion, thus excluding competing telephone companies.
For HPY's vedkommende drejede det sig om takstfastsættelsen for abonnentnet og faste forbindelser og om sammenknytning af leje af abonnentnet og faste linjer og erhvervelse af andre telekommunikationstjenester.
In the case of HPY,the abuse concerned charges for local loops and fixed links together with the link between the rentingof local loops and fixed links and the acquisition of other telecommunications services.
PHP misbrugte sin dominerende stilling ved at indrømme prisnedslag.
PHP, for its part,had abused its position by granting reductions to owners.
Konkurrencemyndigheden opfordrede konkurrencerådet til at forbyde ovennævnte konkurrenceskadelige praksis og idømme en bøde.
The Competition Authority proposed that the Competition Council prohibit the abusive practices in question and impose fines.
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Konkurrencemyndigheden foreslog finansministeriet at ændre de finske bestemmelser vedrørende bilafgifter, således at ordningen blev gennemsigtig. Dette initiativ var baseret på klager over den eksisterende ordning, der var indgivet til konkurrencemyndigheden.
In the media sphere, the Competition Authority called on the Competition Council to prohibit MTVEurope from applying, in Finland, the broadcasting policy of the satellite television channel whichoperated under the MTVname: Music Television, including the related conditions and licence fees, onthe grounds that the policy in question placed satellite television networks using collective aerials at adisadvantage in relation to cable networks.
Problemet skyldes manglende klarhed i den finske afgiftsordning for biler og den heraf følgende fiskale diskriminering mellem forskellige former for virksomheder.
The roots of the problem lie in the lackof transparency in motor vehicle taxation in Finland and the discriminatory tax treatment of differenttypes of company which results.
Den nuværende fiskale ordning hindrer desuden parallelimport af nye biler. Konkurrencemyndigheden har offentliggjort oplysninger om den ret, ejerne af parallelimporterede biler har til at nyde godt af tjenesteydelser, der er omfattet af garanti i oprindelseslandet.
In addition, the current system prevents parallel imports of new cars.The Competition Authority also disseminated information on the entitlement of owners of vehiclesimported by the parallel route to benefit from guaranteed services in the country of origin.
1999 var det første år, hvor kontrollen med virksomhedsovertagelser blev udøvet hele året igennem.
Merger control was exercised for a full year in Finland for the first time in 1999.
I løbet af denne periode greb konkurrencemyndigheden ind over for fem virksomhedsovertagelser og fastsatte betingelser, der skulle opfyldes.
During that period, the Competition Authority intervened in five cases and laid down conditions which had to be met.
Blandt disse kan nævnes sammenslutningen i sukkersektoren mellem det danske Danisco og det finske Cultor.
One suchcase is the merger in the sugar industry between the Danish company Danisco and the Finnish company Cultor.
Interventionen var begrundet i, at transaktionen kunne føre til eliminering af en konkurrent på det finske marked; EU's sukkerordning udgjorde ikke nogen hindring for de foranstaltninger, der blev fastsat af konkurrencemyndigheden, trods en stærk regulering af handelen i denne sektor.
Intervention was justified by the potential disappearance of a competitor on the Finnish market;the Community sugar regime did not constitute an obstacle to the measures decided by the Competition Authority, even though the sugar trade is tightly regulated.
På kartelområdet har konkurrencerådet kun anvendt EU's konkurrenceret i en enkelt sag, hvor det drejede sig om en undersøgelse af Laboratoires 3 M Santé-koncernens takstfastsættelsespolitik.
With regard to restrictive practices, the Competition Council applied Community law in one case only,in which it had to examine the pricing policy of Laboratoires3MSanté group.
Under henvisning til EF-Domstolens dom i Viho-sagen konkluderede konkurrencerådet, at der ikke var tale om nogen overtrædelse, idet den omhandlede praksis anvendtes mellem datterselskaber af en og samme koncern (-114).
Referring to the Courtof Justice’s Viho judgment, the Council concluded that no infringement had occurred, given that thepractices identified had involved subsidiaries of the same group.(315)
Hvad angår misbrug af dominerende stilling har konkurrencerådet truffet flere interessante afgørelser om nctindustriemes åbnen op for konkurrence.
With regard to abuses of a dominant position, the Council issued several decisions of relevance to theopening-up to competition of network industries.
Konkurrencerådet idømte selskabet Electricité de France (EDF) en bøde på 30 mio. FRF for i forbindelse med kontrakter indgået om varmeinstallationer i flere store parisiske byejendomsprogrammer at have tilbudt finansiel og materiel støtte til gengæld for tilsagn om eneleverance.
The Council imposed a fine of FRF30 million on Electricité de France (EdF) for offering financial ormaterial aid in return for exclusive supply agreements within the framework of contracts awarded forthe heating work on several large real-estate developments in Paris.
Konkurrencerådet betegnede denne praksis som misbrug af dominerende stilling på grundlag af den nationale konkurrenceret, idet det påpegedes, at den kunne hindre en åbning af konkurrencen i overensstemmelse med loven af 9. december 1998. (315)
It took the view that these practiceswere abuses of a dominant position under national law and stated that they were likely to underminemoves to open up the economy to competition as provided for in the law of 9December 1998.(316)
) Afgørelse nr. 99-D-18 af 2. marts 1999.
) Decision No 99-D-18 of 2March 1999. )
) Afgørelse nr. 99-D-5I af 20. juli 1999.
Decision No 99-D-51 of 20July 1999.
Ligeledes i forbindelse med en anmodning om retsbevarende foranstaltninger fremsat af teleoperatører fandt konkurrencerådet, at France Télécoms indrømmelse af en prismæssig fordel på en fast telefonitjeneste til alle abonnenter på en mobiltelefonitjeneste udgjorde en sammenkoblet rabatordning, der faldt ind under artikel 8 i anordningen af 1. december 1986 og traktatens artikel 82, da den kunne hindre konkurrence fra operatører fra andre EU-medlemsstater. (317)
348APPLICATION OF THE COMPETITION RULES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION been investigated, as falling within the scope of Article8 of the Order of 1December and Article 82 ofthe EC Treaty.(317)
Endvidere skal nævnes to domme afsagt af appeldomstolen i Paris, der er kompetent i appelsager mod konkurrencerådets afgørelser.
In connection with another application for interim measures submitted by telecommunications operators,the Council took the view that France Télécom’s policy of offering a rate reduction on fixed-linktelephone services to all mobile telephone subscribers was likely to constitute a tied reduction caught by Article 8 of the Order of 1December 1986 and by Article 82 of the EC Treaty in view of the potentialcompetition from operators based in other Member States. (318)
Appeldomstolen stadfæstede således konkurrencerådets analyse, der havde defineret de relevante markeder som markedet for betalings-tv uanset fremføringsmåde (via det faste telenet, kabel eller satellit) og markedsføringsform (abonnement eller pay-per-view), og markedet for rettigheder til udsendelse af nyere franske film via betalings-tv. (319)
Two judgments handed down by the Paris Court of Appeal, which is competent to hear appeals againstdecisions of the Competition Council, are also relevant.
Af de sager, der blev indledt i 1999, er den mest interessante erhvervsministerens anmodning om, at konkurrencerådet undersøger de aftaler om etablering af en fælles indkøbscentral, der er indgået mellem visse store distributører.
As regards cases initiated in 1999, the most interesting are those lodged by the Minister for EconomicAffairs requesting the Competition Council to look into agreements for the creation of central purchasingconsortia for certain large distributors.
Artikel 9 i EU-forordningen blev bragt i anvendelse i forbindelse med følgende transaktioner : Total/Fina, EMC/CSME/Rock og TotalFina/Elf (der stadig var i undersøgelsesfasen ved udgangen af 1999).
Article 9 of the Community regulation was implemented in the following cases: Total/Fina,EMC/CSME/Rockand TotalFina/Elf (still pending at the end of 1999).
Fusionen EMCICSMEIRock drejede sig om, at Compagnie des Salins du Midi et des Salines de l'Est (CSME) og l'Entreprise Minière et Chimique (EMC) oprettede et joint venture, der skulle operere på de lokale markeder for vejsalt i Frankrig, med henblik på at kompensere for EMC's kapacitetsnedsættelse som følge af den planlagte lukning af dets potaskeminer.
The EMC/CSME/Rock merger concerned the creation of a joint venture operating in France on localroad salt markets by Compagnie des Salins du Midi et des Salines de l’Est (CSME) and Entreprise Minière et Chimique (EMC) designed to offset the reduction in capacity at EMC which had resulted fromthe planned closure of its potassium mines.
Økonomi- og erhvervsministeren godkendte transaktionen den 1. september, efter at parterne havde givet væsentlige tilsagn: afhændelse af et betydeligt antal salgssteder, ophør med markedsføring af et bestemt mærke på et af markedssegmenterne, og med henblik på at lette markedsadgangen tilrådighedsstillelse af sikkerhedsreserver med sigte på at mindske tredjeparters omkostninger i forbindelse med deltagelse i udbud.
The merger was given the go-ahead by the Minister for Economic Affairs, Finance and Industry on 1September after the parties had made a number ofsignificant commitments: to sell a substantial number of storage facilities, to stop marketing a particularbrand on one of the market segments and, with a view to facilitating access to markets, to release securityreserves, thus enabling third parties to reduce their costs when replying to calls for tender.
(317) Afgørelse nr. 99-MC-04 af 10. marts 1999 (-1IS) Dom af 29. juni 1999 vedrørende konkurrencerådets afgørelse nr. 98-D-60 af 29. september 1998.
(317)Decision No99-MC-01 of 12 January 1999, confirmed by the Paris Court of Appeal on 15March 1999. (318) Decision No 99-MC-04 of 10March 1999.
(319) Dom af 15. juni 1999 vedrørende konkurrencerådets afgørelse nr. 98-D-70 af 24. november 1998.
(319)Judgment of 29June 1999 on Council Decision No98-D-60 of 29September 1998.(320)Judgment of 15June 1999 on Council Decision No98-D-70 of 24November 1998.
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THE APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN THE MEMBER STATES349
I forbindelse med fusionen TotaliFina blev den del, der vedrørte det lokale marked for oplagring af olieprodukter i regionen Port-la-Nouvelle, henvist til de franske myndigheder.
In the case of Total/Fina, the local market for storage of oil products in the Port-la-Nouvelle region hadbeen referred to the French authorities.
Ministeren godkendte fusionen, efter at virksomhederne havde afgivet følgende tilsagn : afståelse af et depot, forpligtelse til at indgå kontrakter med kunder på spotmarkedet og delvis åbning af det lukkede depot i Séte.
The minister authorised the merger in the light of thecommitments suggested by the parties: sale of a storage facility, proposed contractual arrangements forspot customers and partial opening of the closed storage facility at Sète.
Frankrig nedlagde i 1999 forbud mod Coca-Colas overtagelse af Orangina, selv om Coca-Cola havde afgivet tilsagn, der skulle løse de konkurrencemæssige problemer, der var årsagen til en afvisning af operationen i 1998.
With regard to mergers investigated in France, 1999 was marked by the decision prohibiting the takeoverof Orangina by Coca-Cola, which had submitted a new proposal featuring commitments designed to dealwith the competition concerns aired when the original proposal was rejected in 1998.
Coca-Cola tilbød at give en uafhængig tredjepart en eksklusivlicens gældende i 10 år på markedsføring af Orangina i restaurationsbranchen. Den franske økonomiminister og den franske konkurrencemyndighed fandt imidlertid, at dette ville føre til en samordning af adfærd, hvilket måtte antages at være nødvendigt, for at Orangina fortsat kunne gøre sig gældende som en effektiv konkurrent på markedet, men også ville skade den frie konkurrence.
Essentially, Coca-Cola proposed granting an exclusive 10-year licence to an independent third party to market Oranginaon the “non-home” market.
Da det ikke var muligt at finde nogen løsning på dette problem, nedlagde ministeren forbud mod fusionen.
Faced with the impossibility of resolving thiscontradictory situation, the Minister prohibited the acquisition.
Det var første gang, at begrebet kollektiv dominerende stilling blev anvendt i fransk ret.
This case illustrates the difficulty ofdividing ownership or operations for a given brand in the same territory and is the first occasion on whichthe concept of joint dominant position has been applied under French law.
Hvad angår den italienske konkurrencemyndigheds anvendelse af EU-konkurrencereglerne i 1999, afsluttedes en procedure (UnapacelENEL), der var indledt i medfør af artikel 82, mens en anden procedure, der var indledt i november 1998 vedrørende en formodet overtrædelse af artikel 81 og 82, endnu ikke er afsluttet (Consorzio industrie fiammiferi).
As regards application of the Community competition rules by the Competition Authority in 1999, theauthority terminated proceedings (Unapace/ENEL) which had been instituted pursuant to Article82; asecond set of proceedings, instituted in November1998 on the grounds of presumed infringements of Articles 81 and 82, is still pending (Consorzio industrie fiammiferi).
Der blev indledt yderligere to procedurer i 1999 (StreamlTelepiù, Aeroporti di Roma — takster for ground-handling), på grundlag af EU-konkurrcnccrcglerne.
Two other sets of proceedings wereinstituted in 1999 (Stream/Telepiù, Aeroporti di Roma — Tariffs for groundhandling services), pursuantto the Community competition rules.
Hvad angår den afsluttede procedure, fandt konkurrencemyndigheden, at Enel havde overtrådt artikel 82 i form af en adfærd, som kunne have til følge at begrænse adgangen for nationale og europæiske konkurrenter til markedet for elektricitetsforsyning.
With regard to the terminated proceedings, the authority took the view that Enel had infringed Article82by engaging in conduct likely to limit access by competitors from Italy and from other Communitycountries to the electricity supply market.
Konkurrencemyndigheden fastslog forekomsten af to konkurrencebegrænsende klausuler i de flerårige aftaler om elforsyning, der i 1998 blev indgået mellem Enel og kunder med et stort årligt energiforbrug, der i overensstemmelse med direktiv 96/92/EF frit kunne vælge andre forsyningskilder end Enel (såkaldte »privilegerede kunder«).
In the course of the investigations the authority established theexistence of two clauses restricting competition in the electricity supply contracts spanning several yearsconcluded in 1998 between Enel and customers with a high annual energy consumption who are likely,under Directive96/92/EC, to purchase electrical energy freely from producers other than Enel (referredto as «eligible customers»).
Den første klausul drejede sig om en forlængelse af Enels eneleverandørstatus, mens den anden klausul indrømmede selskabet udøvelse af en forkøbsret, såfremt kunden havde modtaget mere fordelagtige tilbud fra konkurrenter (såkaldt »engelsk klausul«).
More specifically, the first clause provided for Enel’s exclusive right tosupply electrical energy to be extended, whereas the second clause granted Enel a right of first refusalin cases where the customer received more attractive offers from a competitor (known as an «Englishclause»).
Forlængelsen af eneleverandørforholdet fra en varighed på et år til en mindstevarighed på tre år ville give Enel mulighed for at tilknytte privilegerede kunder, også efter ikrafttrædelsen af den nye reguleringsordning.
The extension of the exclusive supply right, which was increased from one year to three yearsminimum, would have enabled Enel to tie eligible customers to it, even after the new regulations hadcome into force.
Denne konkurrencebegrænsning havde særlig stor betydning i lyset af følgerne af forkøbsretten til fordel for Enel, som ved at gøre det uattraktivt at præsentere mere fordelagtige tilbud, ville kunne hindre nye konkurrenter i at komme ind på det nationale marked for elforsyning.
This restriction took on particular importance in view of the consequences of the rightof first refusal granted to Enel which, because it made it pointless to submit more attractive offers, waslikely to hinder and restrict access by new competitors to the Italian electricity supply market.