natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
VEBA/VIAG og RWE/VEW har også afgivet tilsagn om ikke at anvende det transmissionsgebyr, der gårunder betegnelsen »T-komponenten«, og som skulle betales, når et energiforsyningsselskab vedleverancer mellem de nordlige og sydlige zoner i henhold til den såkaldte Verbändevereinbarung II ikkekan udligne de mængder, der leveres, med tilsvarende mængder i den modsatte retning. Dette tilsagn vilføre til en betydelig forbedring af rammevilkårene for eltransmission via de net, som de to førende
VEBA/VIAG and RWE/VEW have also undertaken not to charge the transmission fee known as the ‘Tcomponent’, payable where a supplier of energy between the northern and southern trading zones set upby Associations Agreement II (Verbändevereinbarung II) cannot net out the quantities they supplyagainst equivalent quantities in the opposite direction.
Desuden vil det også blive betydeligt lettere at importere fra Skandinavien, eftersom VEBA vil frigøre en del af den kapacitet, der er forbeholdt VEBA i den danskesamkøringslinje, til brug for konkurrenter.
Imports from Scandinavia will be appreciably simplified, because VEBA will free a portionof the capacity reserved for it in the Denmark interconnector for use by competitors.
Der blev også afgivet andre tilsagn på to markeder for hydrogencyanidsyreprodukter.
Other commitments have also been given which meet the Commission’s objections in respect of twomarkets in hydrocyanic acid products.
Med denne fusion, der vil resultere i verdens største plantebeskyttelsesmiddelkoncern, ville Astra-Zeneca, der selv opstod efter en fusion mellem Astra AB og Zeneca Group PLC i foråret 1999, og Novartis, som er resultatet af en fusion mellem Ciba-Geigy og Sandoz i december 1996, sammenlæggederes aktiviteter inden for plantebeskyttelsesmidler i et nyt selskab, Syngenta AG, hvortil Novartis ogsåoverfører sine aktiviteter inden for plantefrø.
In this operation, which will lead to the world’s leading crop protection business, Astra-Zeneca, itselfcreated through the merger between Astra AB and Zeneca Group plc in spring 1999, and Novartis,resulting from the merger between Ciba-Geigy and Sandoz in December 1996, will spin off and mergetheir activities in the area of crop protection into a newly incorporated company, Syngenta AG, to which Novartis will also transfer its seeds business.
Denne transaktion rejste problemer inden for et stort antal plantebeskyttelsesmidler og truede med atskabe eller styrke en dominerende stilling på 39 markeder, herunder bl.a. markeder for svampemidler tilkorn og herbicider til majs.
The deal posed concerns in a high number of crop-protection products, threatening to create or strengthendominant positions in 39 markets including cereal fungicides and maize herbicides.
På mange af disse markeder ville parterne tilsammen have fåetmarkedsandele på mellem 50 % og 75 %.
In many of thesemarkets, the parties’ combined market shares would have been between 50 % and 75 %.
De omfattende tilsagn, der blev afgivet, bestod i afhændelser afprodukter svarende til et samlet salg på verdensplan på over 250 mio. EUR i år, meddelelse af licenser ogopsigelse af distributionsaftaler.
The extensiveremedies package consisted of divestitures of products, representing total sales worldwide in excess of EUR 250 million this year, of outlicensing and the termination of distribution agreements.
Inden for rammerne af den bilaterale aftale fra 1991 om samarbejde i konkurrencesager mellem Kommissionen og USA samarbejdede Kommissionen i denne sag med USA’s Federal Trade Commission for at finde en fælles og dermed effektiv løsning på de problemer, fusionen ville giveanledning til på markederne for svampemidler til korn (afhændelse af alle Novartis’ strobilurinaktiviteter) og herbicider til majs (afhændelse af alle AstraZenecas acetochlor-aktiviteter).
Thanks to the bilateral agreement of 1991 on antitrust cooperation between the Commission and the United States, the Commission collaborated with the Federal Trade Commission, enabling a commonand hence effective solution to the problems identified to be found in the markets for cereal fungicides(worldwide divestiture of Novartis’s strobilurin business) and maize herbicides (worldwide divestiture of AstraZeneca’s acetochlor business).
Dow Chemicals overtagelse af Union Carbide (UCC), der skabte en af verdens største plast- ogkemikalieproducenter, rejste konkurrenceproblemer på tre områder.
The acquisition by Dow Chemical of Union Carbide (UCC), creating one of the world’s largestproducers of plastics and chemicals, posed competition concerns in three areas.
Kommissionen fandt, at uden detilsagn, som dens godkendelse af fusionen var betinget af, ville fusionen have ført til skabelse ellerstyrkelse af dominerende stillinger på markederne for C8 LLDPE-harpikser, ethylenaminer og PE-teknologi.
The Commission foundthat, without the remedies on which the adopted authorisation decision is conditional, the concentrationwould have led to the creation or strengthening of dominant positions in the markets for C8 LLDPEresins, ethyleneamines and PE technology.
Inden for C8 LLDPE ville fusionen have resulteret i en samlet markedsandel på over 80 %, eller femgange større end den nærmeste konkurrents.
For C8 LLDPE, the operation would have resulted in a combined market share in excess of 80 %, or fivetimes larger than that of the nearest competitor.
Fusionen med UCC ville have styrket Dows i forvejendominerende stilling på det vesteuropæiske marked gennem tilførslen af UCC’s andel i Polimeri, som varet joint venture med Enichem.
The merger with UCC would have strengthened Dow’salready dominant position on the western European market through the addition of UCC’s share in the Polimeri joint venture with Enichem.
For at forhindre dette afgav parterne tilsagn om enten at få Polimeri til atsælge de italienske produktionsanlæg, der bl.a. producerer C8 LLDPE, eller at afhænde hele UCC’s50 %-andel i selve Polimeri — begge tilsagn ville fjerne overlapningen mellem parternes aktiviteter.
To prevent the strengthening of this position, the parties undertookto either cause Polimeri to sell its Italian production plant that produces C8 LLDPE among otherproducts or to divest all of UCC’s 50 % ownership interest in Polimeri itself, either undertakingremoving the overlap between the parties’ activities.
For det andet fandt Kommissionen, at bestemte typer ethylenaminer udgør selvstændigeproduktmarkeder, og at det relevante geografiske marked var hele verden.
Secondly, the Commission found that specific types of ethyleneamines form separate product marketsand that the relevant geographic market is worldwide.
For de fleste ethylenaminersvedkommende ville fusionen have ført til betydelige overlapninger mellem parternes aktiviteter, og deville tilsammen få en markedsandel på verdensplan på over 60 %.
For most individual ethyleneamines the operationwould have resulted in significant overlaps between the activities of the parties and combined worldmarket shares above 60 %.
For at løse disse problemer afgav Dow tilsagn om at afhænde alle sine ethylenaminaktiviteter i heleverden (produktionsanlæg, intellektuelle ejendomsrettigheder, teknologi, kundekontrakter, personale).
To remedy these competition concerns, Dow undertook to divest its entire worldwide ethyleneaminebusiness (production plants, intellectual property rights, technology, customer contracts, personnel). It
Dow vil desuden stille op til halvdelen af kapaciteten i sit Terneuzen-anlæg i Nederlandene til rådighedfor den nye ejer af ethylenaminforretningen.
APPLICATION OF THE COMPETITION RULES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION will also make up to half of the capacity at its Terneuzen plant in the Netherlands available to the newowner of the ethyleneamine business.
Dette aktivitetsområde kan fysisk udskilles fra Dow Chemicals øvrige aktiviteter, og den nye ejer vil ikke være afhængig af Dow, hvad angår råmaterialer.
This business can be physically separated from other Dow Chemical businesses and the new owner will not be dependent on Dow for raw materials.
For at afhjælpe disse konkurrenceproblemer gik Dow ind på at tilbyde interesserede tredjeparter åbnelicenser på Dows metallocen-grundpatenter til gasfase- og slurryprocesserne. Dow afgav tilsagn om ikkeat meddele Univation licens på metallocen-grundpatenter eller overføre disse patenter til Univation.
To remedy the competition concerns, Dow agreed to offer interested third parties open licences to itsbackground metallocene patents with regard to gas phase and slurry processes.
Industri Kapital/Dyno — Overtagelse foretaget af et venturekapitalselskab
Industri Kapital/Dyno — Acquisition of control by a venture capital group
Denne sag drejede sig om Industri Kapital-koncernens (»Industri Kapital«) overtagelse af Dyno ASA(»Dyno«), Norge.
This case concerns the acquisition by the Industri Kapital group (Industri Kapital) of Dyno ASA (Dyno),Norway.
Industri Kapital er et såkaldt venturekapitalselskab, der administrerer og kontrollerer enrække private kapitalfonde.
The Industri Kapital group is a venture capital company and manages and controls a number ofprivate equity funds.
Disse fonde kontrollerer et stort antal virksomheder.
These funds control numerous undertakings.
Blandt de alleredekontrollerede virksomheder kan nævnes kemikalievirksomheden Neste Chemicals Oy (»Neste«) og Arca,der er aktiv inden for materialehåndteringssystemer.
Among the undertakings alreadycontrolled are Neste Chemicals Oy (Neste), a chemical company, and Arca, a company active inmaterials handling systems.
Der var tale om, at Industri Kapital 1997-fonden (»IK 97«) og Industri Kapital 2000-fonden (»IK 2000«)overtog alle aktierne i målvirksomheden, Dyno, via et holdingselskab.
In the case in question, Industri Kapital 1997 Fund (IK 97) and Industri Kapital 2000 Fund (IK 2000)acquired all the shares in the target company, Dyno, through a holding company.
Dynos aktiviteter inden forsprængstoffer blev overført til et særskilt selskab, mens de to fonde (IK 1997 og IK 2000) beholdtkemikalieaktiviteterne via holdingselskaber.
Dyno’s explosivesoperations were transferred to a separate company, the shares in the remaining chemicals operation beingowned by the two funds (IK 97 and IK 2000) through holding companies.
IK 1997 og IK 2000 er såkaldte private kapitalfonde.
IK 97 and IK 2000 are privateequity funds.
De erikke juridiske personer, men et resultat af aftalearrangementer mellem fondenes respektiveinvesteringsadministrationsselskaber, IK 97 Ltd. og IK 2000 Ltd., samt investorerne.
They are not legal entities but the result of contractual arrangements between the funds’respective investment management companies, IK 97 Ltd and IK 2000 Ltd, and the investors.
IK 97 Ltd. og IK 2000Ltd. er registreret på Jersey.
IK 97 Ltd and IK 2000 Ltd are incorporated under the laws of Jersey.
Det er dem, der udøver stemmerettighederne i de virksomheder, dekontrollerer.
They exercise the voting rights in the portfoliocompanies.
Investorerne har ingen stemmerettigheder.
The investors have no voting rights.
IK 97 Ltd. og IK 2000 Ltd. ejes 100 % af Industri Kapital Europa B.V., som igen ejes af Industri Kapital N.V. Industri Kapital hævdede i anmeldelsen, at i kraft af »tilsagn« til visse investorer i IK 1997 er enrække investorer sikret en plads i IK 97 Ltd.’s bestyrelse.
IK 97 Ltd and IK 2000 Ltd are wholly owned by Industri Kapital Europa BV, which in turn is owned by Industri Kapital NV.
Desuden anførte Industri Kapital ianmeldelsen, at det er en forudsætning for IK 97 Ltd.’s tilladelse til at optræde som et investeringsadministrationsselskab efter Jerseys lov, at de investorer, hvis investeringer IK 97 Ltd. administrerer, skalhave flertallet af sæderne i IK 97 Ltd.’s bestyrelse. Ifølge Industri Kapital kan IK 97 Ltd. og Industri Kapital Europa B.V. derfor hævdes at være selvstændige økonomiske enheder.
Industri Kapital claimed in the notification that through ‘undertakings’ made tocertain investors in IK 97 a number of investors are guaranteed representation on the board of IK 97 Ltd.Furthermore, Industri Kapital stated in the notification that it is a precondition for IK 97 Ltd’s permissionto conduct business as an investment management company under the laws of Jersey that the investorsfor whom IK 97 Ltd manages investments must be represented by a majority on IK 97 Ltd’s board.Industri Kapital states therefore that it can be argued that IK 97 Ltd and Industri Kapital Europa BV formseparate economic entities.
Men som svar på enformel begæring om oplysninger har Industri Kapital bekræftet, at de omtalte »tilsagn« blev givetmundtligt, at Industri Kapital ikke er i besiddelse af notater eller referater, der omtaler disse tilsagn, da deblev afgivet, og at disse »tilsagn« efter Industri Kapitals opfattelse ikke er juridisk bindende.
However, in a response to a formal request for information, Industri Kapitalconfirmed that the ‘undertakings’ referred to were given orally, that Industri Kapital did not make anynotes or minutes referring to these undertakings on the occasions when they were given and that in Industri Kapital’s view the ‘undertakings’ are not legally binding.
Desudenhar Industri Kapital bekræftet, at i modsætning til, hvad selskabet tidligere oplyste, er det ikke et kravefter Jerseys lov, at investorerne skal være repræsenteret i investeringsadministrationsselskabetsbestyrelse.
Furthermore, Industri Kapital hasconfirmed that, contrary to its previous statement, it is not a requirement under the laws of Jersey that theinvestors be represented on the board of the investment management company.
Ifølge IK 97 Ltd.’s bevilling skal selskabet kun give meddelelse om ændringer i bestyrelsenssammensætning til de relevante myndigheder.
According to IK 97 Ltd’spermit to conduct business, it has only to report changes in the composition of directors to the relevant
I lyset af det ovennævnte konkluderede Kommissionen, at Dyno i sidste instans vil blive kontrolleret af Industri Kapital N.V. Ved vurderingen af omsætningen blev der taget hensyn til alle de virksomheder,som Industri Kapital N.V. reelt kontrollerer.
On the basis of the foregoing, the Commission concluded that Dyno would ultimately be controlled by Industri Kapital NV. In determining the turnover, all portfolio companies ultimately controlled by Industri Kapital NV were taken into account.
Denne fusion, der skabte verdens største producent af aluminiumoxid, ville have ført til dominerendestillinger på tre produktmarkeder, nemlig markedet for metallurgisk aluminiumoxid (SGA),aluminiumhydroxid og P0404-aluminium med høj renhedsgrad.
The merger, which created the largest integrated aluminium producer worldwide, would have resulted indominant positions in three product markets: smelter-grade alumina (SGA), commodity alumina hydrateand high-purity P0404 aluminium.
Metallurgisk aluminiumoxid er detråmateriale, der bruges til at fremstille aluminium.
SGA is the raw material used by smelters to produce aluminiummetal.
Sammenlægningen af fusionsparternes aktiver(aluminiumraffinaderier) og globale produktionskapacitet ville have givet dem en meget stærk positionsom de største udbydere af metallurgisk aluminiumoxid til konkurrerende aluminiumproducenter.Desuden ville den fusionerede enhed komme til at råde over de raffinaderier, der opererer med de lavesteomkostninger i verden, og som ligger i Australien.
The merging parties’ combined assets (alumina refineries) and global production capacity wouldhave given them an outstanding position as the largest supplier of SGA to competing smelters. Moreover,the merger would bring under the control of the merged firm the lowest-cost refineries in the world,located in Australia.
For at imødekomme disse indsigelser tilbød Alcoa at afhænde Reynolds’ andel i et af disselavomkostningsraffinaderier for at eliminere denne overlapning.
In order to address these concerns, Alcoa proposed to divest Reynolds’ share in one of these lowest-costrefineries, thus removing the competitive overlap.
Desuden tilbød Alcoa at afhænde Reynolds’ 50 %-andel i et tysk aluminiumoxidanlæg, som Reynolds ejer sammen med VAW, for at løseproblemerne i relation til aluminiumhydroxid, hvor den fusionerede enhed ville være blevet dominerendepå EØS-markedet.
In addition, Alcoa offered to divest Reynolds’ 50 %stake in a German alumina refinery controlled jointly with VAW to address competition concerns inrelation to commodity alumina hydrate, where the merging firms would have dominated the EEAmarket.
Afhændelsen betød også, at den fusionerede enheds samlede markedsandel påmarkedet for metallurgisk aluminiumoxid blev mindsket yderligere.
This divestiture also reduced further the combined market share of the merged firm in the SGAmarket.
Inden for højrent P0404-aluminium, der bruges til at fremstille aluminiumlegeringer til brug i rumfartsog luftfartsindustrien, ville fusionen have skabt vertikale relationer, der kunne trænge en konkurrent i etefterfølgende led ud af markedet.
In relation to P0404 high-purity aluminium, used in the manufacture of aerospace aluminium alloys, themerger would have created a vertical relationship conducive to vertical foreclosure of a downstreamcompetitor.
For at løse dette problem tilbød Alcoa at afhænde en del af etaluminiumanlæg, der i dag producerer P0404, til en uafhængig tredjepart.
To address this concern, Alcoa offered part of a smelter that currently produces P0404 to anindependent third party.
Efter en tilbundsgående undersøgelse drog Kommissionen den konklusion, at fusionen i den oprindeligeanmeldte version ville skabe dominerende stillinger på en række markeder, navnlig inden foraluminiumoxid-trihydrat (ATH), litografiplader, hvor der ville være opstået et dominerende duopol, oghalvstive aluminiumforme (et emballagemateriale).
The Commission’s indepth investigation concluded that the merger as originally notified would createdominant positions in a number of markets, in particular alumina trihydrate, lithographic sheet — wherea duopolistic dominant position would have emerged — and semi-rigid aluminium containers (apackaging material).
Overlapningen mellem parterne blevelimineret, ved at parterne tilbød at afhænde Alusuisses ATH-anlæg i Martinswerk, Tyskland, hvilketgenoprettede de konkurrenceforhold, der bestod før fusionen.
The proposed divestiture of the ATH plant operated by Alusuisse at Martinswerk,Germany, removed the competitive overlap in the ATH market and restored the competitive conditionsprevailing prior to the merger
Inden for litografiplader, som er et valset produkt, der anvendes i offsetbranchen, ville fusionen resulterei et dominerende duopol mellem den fusionerede enhed og dens største konkurrent, VAW. Denduopolistiske struktur på markedet, som fusionen ville skabe, beroede blandt andet på de tokonkurrenters symmetriske markedsandele og strukturforbindelser i et joint venture, Norf.
Lithographic sheet is a flat-rolled product used in the offset printing industry. The merger would result ina duopolistic dominant position held by the merged firm and its main competitor, VAW.
Sammen medandre faktorer i relation til produktets og det relevante markeds karakter ville dette tilskynde de tokonkurrenter til at samordne deres adfærd og dermed begrænse konkurrencen på det relevante marked.Parterne tilbød at afhænde Alusuisses Star-anlæg i Bridgenorth, Det Forenede Kongerige, til en køber,som kunne overtage hele anlæggets produktion af litografiplader, samt et koldvalseanlæg, der producererfolie, for at eliminere overlapningen mellem parterne på markedet for litografiplader, hvilket løste alle
These, and other elementspertaining to the nature of the product and of the relevant market, would induce the two competitors toengage in collusive behaviour, thereby substantially restricting competition in the relevant market. The
BERETNING OM ANVENDELSEN AF KONKURRENCEREGLERNE I DEN EUROPÆISKE UNION problemerne omkring skabelse af et dominerende duopol og genoprettede de konkurrenceforhold, derbestod før fusionen.
APPLICATION OF THE COMPETITION RULES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION divestiture of the Star mill operated by Alusuisse at Bridgenorth, United Kingdom, whose purchaser willbe able to acquire the lithographic business of that mill, and of an additional foil stock cold mill removedthe competitive overlap in the market for lithographic sheet, dispelled any possible doubt as to thecreation of a dominant duopoly and thus restored the competitive conditions prevailing prior to themerger.
Inden for halvstive aluminiumbeholdere, som er et emballageprodukt, der anvendes til dyrefoder,fødevarer, flycatering osv., måtte Kommissionen på baggrund af den høje markedsandel, den fusioneredeenhed ville få, og mangelen på alternative producenter drage den konklusion, at transaktionen ville skabeen dominerende stilling på dette marked.
In semi-rigid aluminium containers, a packaging product used for petfood, human food, airline catering,etc., the high market share of the merged firm and the absence of alternative competitive responses ledthe Commission to conclude that the transaction would create a dominant position in this market.
Parterne afgav tilsagn om at afhænde maskiner (såvel somstanseteknologi, kundekontrakter og kontraktrelateret udstyr) til produktion af halvstivealuminiumbeholdere for at eliminere overlapningen mellem dem til en køber, der på et varigt grundlagkunne tage konkurrencen op inden for produktion og salg af halvstive aluminiumbeholdere.
Thedivestiture of machines (as well as lamination technology, customer contracts and contract-relatedequipment) that produce semi-rigid aluminium containers and amounting to the overlap brought about bythe merger removed the competitive overlap and created the conditions for the purchaser to become aviable, long-term competitor in the manufacture and supply of semi-rigid aluminium containers.
I sagen angående Astrium (et joint venture mellem MMS og DASA) undersøgte Kommissionenmarkedet for satellitproduktion både i relation til hovedkontrahenter og underleverandører af udstyr.
In the Astrium case (joint venture between MMS and DASA), the Commission analysed the satelliteproduction market both as regards prime contracting and as regards equipment-producing activities.
Detfremgik af Kommissionens undersøgelser, at hvert af de subsystemer og udstyrsprodukter, der udgør ensatellits platform og lastvolumen, kan udgøre et selvstændigt produktmarked.
Itemerged from the Commission’s enquiry that each of the subsystems and equipment products whichconstitute the platform and payload of a satellite might constitute a distinct product market.
I særdeleshed så der ud tilat være et særskilt marked for mekaniske hjul (der bruges til stabilisering af satellitten).
In particular,there appeared to be a distinct market for mechanical wheels (used to stabilise a satellite’s attitude).
Det geografiskemarked for udstyr til observationssatellitter og videnskabelige satellitter forekom at være hele Europa.Det beror på, at disse satellitter købes af rumfartsorganisationer som Den Europæiske Rumorganisation(ESA).
Thegeographic market for such equipment for observation and scientific satellites appears to be Europewide. This is because such satellites are commissioned by space agencies such as the European Space Agency (ESA).
Specielt ESA er opmærksom på at tildele sine kontrakter på bestemte produktionsniveauer pågrundlag af et geografisk »juste retour«-princip, der indebærer, at ESA for det første i videst muligeudstrækning skal købe hos producenter i ESA-medlemsstater og for det andet skal sikre, at alle ESA-medlemsstater deltager ligeligt i projekterne under hensyn til deres finansielle bidrag til ESA.
The ESA takes care that contract allocation at certain production levels within a projecttakes place on the basis of the geographic fair return principle, which requires it (i) to grant preference tothe fullest possible extent to industry in all ESA Member States and (ii) to ensure that all ESA Member States participate in projects in an equitable manner, having regard to their financial contribution to theagency.
Kommissionen identificerede også et selvstændigt marked for militære kommunikationssatellitter i Frankrig.
The Commission also identified a distinct market for military communication satellites in France.