natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
I det omfang det er nødvendigt for at opfylde befordringspligten, tillader direktivet, at der gives eneret på tjenester forbundet med normale indenlandske brevfor­sendelser under 350 gram og forsendelser, for hvilke taksten er mindre end fem gange den offentlige takst for brevforsendelser på første vægtsats i den hurtigste standardkategori.
At this stage, the postal services directive allows, to the extent necessary to ensure the maintenance of a universal service, the reservation of domestic general letter mail services up to a weight of 350 grams and below five times the public tariff for the first class service.
— Abonnentnettet (leje af telefonlinje og lokale samtaler). Kommissionen ønsker at se nær­mere på dette område, da takststrukturerne fortsat forekommer ufleksible, skønt den månedlige abonnementsafgift stadigt varierer betydeligt medlemsstaterne imellem.
— the local loop (line rental and local calls): charges appeared to remain inflexible, although the level of monthly rental fees still differed significantly from one Member State to another.
Kom­missionen har endvidere modtaget en række klager, der tyder på, at prisen for adgang til ubundtet (unbundled) lokal kapacitet holdes kunstigt oppe i visse medlemsstater.
On the other hand, complaints received by the Commission seemed to indi cate that in some Member States the price for access to unbundled local capacity seemed to be being kept artificially high.
Der er derfor grundlag for at undersøge, om der fore­går konkurrenceskadelig prissætning, og for at få fastslået, hvordan situationen helt præcist tager sig ud i samtlige medlemsstater, når det handler om prisen for brug af abon­nentnettet.
It therefore seemed appropriate to research any evidence of anticompetitive pricing, and to determine the real state of local-loop pricing in all Member States, on the basis of cost accounting data, where available.
Formålet med Kommissionens undersøgelse er at få fastslået, om den nuværende forretnings­praksis og priser strider mod EU's konkurrence­regler, navnlig forbuddet mod konkurrencebe­grænsende aftaler og misbrug af en dominerende stilling (EF­traktatens artikel 81, 82 og/eller 86).
The aim of the Commission's inquiry is to establish whether current commercial practices and prices infringe the EU competition rules, in particular the prohibition of restrictive practices and abuses of dominant positions (Articles 81, 82, and/or 86 of the EC Treaty).
Dette er blot tredje gang, at Kommissionen fore­tager en undersøgelse af en specifik sektor.
This is only the third sector inquiry ever launched by the Commission. mission.
Den 22. oktober 1999 indledte Kommissionen undersøgelsens første fase, der vedrører taksterne for lejede kredsløb.
On 22 October, the Commission launched the first phase of this sector inquiry into leased line charges.
Der er blevet udsendt detaljere­de spørgeskemaertil de nationale konkurrencemyn­digheder og telestyrelser, de etablerede teleselska­ber i EU, nye markedsaktører, som udbyder og/eller bruger lejede kredsløb, samt store erhvervskunder.
Detailed questionnaires were sent to national competition authorities, telecommunications regulators, incumbent operators through out the EU, new entrants which provide and/or use leased lines and major business users.
Inden for disse lovgivningsmæssige rammer giver de gennemførelsesforanstaltninger, som nogle af medlemsstaterne har anmeldt, anledning til visse konkurrencemæssige problemer, som nu behandles i henhold til EF­traktatens artikel 82 og 86.
Within this legal framework, the transposition measures notified by certain Member States raise competition issues which are currently be ing examined under Articles 86 and 82 of the EC Treaty.
Kommissionen har modtaget en række klager, hvori det påstås, at visse medlemsstaters gennemførelsesbestemmelser reelt gør de eksi­sterende nationale postmonopoler mere omfat­tende.
The Commission has received a number of complaints that some Member States' implementing legislation effectively ex tends the scope of the existing national postal monopolies.
Eksempelvis omfatter eneretten nu efter sigende for første gang også posttjenester, der er særskilte tjenester i forhold til den almindelige brevposttjeneste, og som tidligere blev leveret af private operatører i konkurrence med den traditi­onelle operatør.
For example, certain postal services, which are separate and distinct from the general letter mail service and were previously provided by private operators in competition with the incumbent postal operator, would be fór the first time included within the scope of the reserved area.
Kommissionen vil se nærmere på disse klager for at få afgjort, om udelukkelsen af konkurrence på disse særskilte områder er nød­vendig af hensyn til opfyldelsen af postbefor­dringspligten.
The Commission will investigate these complaints and determine whether the exclusion of competition in these distinct service areas is necessary to ensure the universal postal service.
I nogle klager peges der på det problem, der kan opstå, når store markedsaktører fortsætter med at ekspandere og trænger ind på udenland­ske markeder ved at opkøbe faktiske og potenti­elle konkurrenter, der er aktive på markeder, der ikke er omfattet af befordringspligten.
Complainants have raised concerns as ma jor players continue to expand into foreign markets by buying up competitors and potential competitors active in markets outside the universal service obligation.
Spørgs­målet om, hvorvidt finansieringen af nogle af disse opkøb ved hjælp af monopolindtægter er i strid med konkurrencereglerne, er ved at blive behandlet af Førsteinstansretten i sag T­175/99.
The issue of whether the funding of some of these acquisitions by means of revenues derived from the reserved area infringes the competition rules is currently being examined by the Court of First Instance in Case T-175/99.
(') Europa­Parlamentets og RSdets direktiv 97/67/EF om følles regler for udvikling af Fællesskabets indre marked for posttjenester og forbedring af disse tjenesters kvalitet (EFT L 15 af 21.1.1998). Se også XXVII Beretning om Konkurrencepolitikken ( 1997). nr. 124.
(') European Parliament and Council Directive 97/67/EC on common rules for the development of the internal market in Community postal services and the improvement of quality of service (OJ L 15. 21.1.1998).
Spørgsmålet om en eventuel krydssubsidie­ring af indbyrdes konkurrerende tjenester ved
The question of a possible cross-subsidisation of competitive activities through monopoly income is also of relevance under the State aid provisions of the Treaty. In that respect, the Com-
offentlige posttjenester i Grækenland, Italien, Spanien og Portugal.
mission decided to open a formal investigation into State aid to Deutsche Post AG (').
hjælp af monopol indtægter er også relevant i relation til traktatens statsstøtteregler.
lie postal operators in Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal.
Kommissionen forventer, at den anmeldte aftale vil forbedre distributionen af varer og fremme den tekniske og økonomiske udvikling.
The Commission expects the notified agree­ment to lead to an improvement in the distribu­tion of goods and to promote technical or eco­nomic progress.
Tidligere var terminalafgifterne ofte utilstrækkelige til at dække omkostningerne forbundet med leveringen af udenlandsk post, men nu vil ind førelsen af et mere omkostningsbaseret system gøre det muligt for postoperatørerne at opretholde og forbedre deres service.
Given that terminal dues previ­ously often resulted in a remuneration for the delivery of cross­border mail which did not cover costs, a move towards a more cost­based system will allow the postal operators to maintain and improve this service.
Ved at sammen kæde stigninger i terminalafgifterne med forbedringer i servicekvaliteten medfører REIMS Ilaftalen et kraftigt incitament for parterne til at forbedre deres tjenester.
By linking increases in ter­minal dues to improvements in the quality of ser­vice, the Reims II Agreement provides a strong incentive for the parties to improve their perfor­mance.
En bedre servicekvalitet i den internationale postbesørgelse vil også være til gavn for forbrugerne.
A better quality of service for cross­bor­der mail would also be beneficial to consumers.
Den 15. september 1999 godkendte Kom missionen, på grundlag af EF-traktatens konkurrenceregler, REIMS Ilaftalen mellem 16 euro pæiske posttjenester om terminalafgifter (2).
On 15 September, the Commission approved, under the competition rules of the EC Treaty, the Reims II Agreement between 16 European postal operators on terminal dues (2).
Udtrykket terminalafgifter betegner det gebyr, som en postoperatør, der sender post til udlandet, skal betale til den modtagende postoperatør for levering af posten til den endelige modtager.
'Terminal dues' is the term used for the remuner­ation that a postal operator sending cross­border mail has to pay to the receiving postal operator for delivering the mail to the addressees.
Par terne til REIMS Ilaftalen omfatter samtlige EU-medlemsstater med undtagelse af Nederlandene.
The par­ties to the Reims II Agreement comprise all Member States of the EU except for the Nether­lands.
De offentlige posttjenester i Norge, Island og Schweiz er også parter i aftalen (3).
The public postal operators of Norway, Iceland and Switzerland are also parties to the agreement (3).
Hovedformålet med REIMS Ilaftalen er dels at sikre parterne en rimelig betaling for besørgelse af post fra udlandet, som bedre afspejler hver parts reelle omdelingsomkostninger, dels at forbedre servicekvaliteten i den internationale postbesørgelse.
The main aims of the Reims II Agreement are to provide the parties with cost­based com­pensation for the delivery of cross­border mail which reflects more closely the real costs of delivery of each party, and to improve the quality of the cross­border mail service.
Ved REIMS Ilaftalen blev ter minalafgifter kædet sammen med de indenlandske posttakster i modtagerlandet og kvaliteten af den service, der præsteres af den postoperatør, der leverer posten.
In this respect, the Reims II Agreement links terminal dues to domestic mail tariffs in the country of destination and to the quality of service provided by the postal operator that delivers the mail.
Med aftalen blev der også indført særlige servicekvalitetsstandarder for at højne serviceniveauet og et bødesystem, der bringes i anvendelse, når de aftalte standarder ikke opfyldes.
The agree­ment also introduces a system of quality­of­ser­vice standards in order to improve the quality of service' and a penalty system which is to be applied when the agreed standards are not met.
Der findes særlige overgangsregler for de
Special transitional rules are set out for the pub­
(') Sag C-61/99 (EFT C 306 af 23.10.1999).
(') Case C­61/99 (OJ C 306. 23.10.1999).
(2) Kommissionens beslutning af 15. september 1999 i sag nr. IV/36.748.«£//WS//(EFT L 275 af 26.10.1999).
(2) Commission decision of 15 September 1999 in Case No IV/36.748
For at gøre aftalen forenelig med EF-traktatens konkurrenceregler stillede Kommissionen i sin beslutning krav om en udsættelse af aftalens overgangsperiode for at sikre, at terminalafgifter ne for resten af 1999 ikke blev hævet til over 55 % af indlandstaksterne,og at terminalafgifterne højst hæves til 65 % af indlandstaksterne i 2000 og til 70 % af indlandstaksterne i 2001.
In order to ensure that the agreement is com­patible with the competition rules of the EC Treaty, the Commission requires in its decision that the transitional period provided for in the agreement be postponed so as to ensure that ter­minal dues for the rest of 1999 are not increased beyond 55 % of domestic tariffs, and that the maximum increase in terminal dues is to 65 % of domestic tariffs in 2000 and to 70 % of domestic tariffs in 2001.
Desuden skulle alle parterne give hinanden adgang til de »almindeligt gældende indlandstakster« (som f.eks. la vere takst for større mængder direct mail-forsendelser, tryksager eller tidsskrifter) i modtagerlandet (kaldet »niveau 3-adgang«).
In addition, the parties will have to grant each other effective access to the 'gener­ally available domestic rates' (such as bulk rates for direct mail, printed matter or periodicals) in the country of delivery (so­called 'Level 3 access').
Parterne skulle inden udgangen af 1999 indføre et gennemskueligt omkostningsregnskabssystem, således at alle væsentlige omkostningselementer kunne identificeres, kvantificeres, sammenlignes og kontrolleres.
Furthermore, the parties will have to introduce, by the end of 1999, a transparent cost accounting system ensuring that all significant cost elements can be identified, quantified, com­pared and vetted.
Fritagelsen blev derfor indrømmet for perioden fra den 1. april 1999 til den 31. december 2001.
The exemption was therefore granted for the period 1 April 1999 to 31 Decem­ber 2001.
Kommissionen vil nøje overvåge udviklingen i indlandstaksterne og taksterne for international post som følge af aftalen, og den har allerede hen vendt sig til parterne til REIMS Ilaftalen desangående. gående.
The Commission will closely monitor the development of tariffs for domestic and cross­border mail under the agreement and has already contacted the parties in this connection.
Set ud fra en forbrugersynsvinkel kan ét og samme apparat — det være sig et fjernsyn, en fast eller mobil telefon eller en pc — nu benyttes til at få adgang til en lang række forskellige tjenester, inkl. levende billeder, telefoni og internetadgang.
From a consumer point of view, the same device, whether it be a TV, a fixed or mobile telephone or a PC, is today capable of delivering a range of different services, including moving images, telephony and Internet access.
Endelig er markedsaktørerne på alle tre områder, dvs. telekommunikation, IT og medier, i færd med at positionere sig for at være rede til at trænge ind på hinandens markeder og samtidig forsvare deres eksisterende markeds stillinger.
Finally, the market players from all three areas, telecommunica tions, IT and the media, are positioning themselves to enter each other's market as well as protect their existing market positions.
I en række sager de seneste år har Kommissionen imidlertid været nødsaget til at tage stil ling til denne udvikling og vurdere, om markedsaktørernes respons giver anledning til konkurrencepolitiske problemer.
However, the Commission has had to address these developments in a number of cases in the past few years and to assess whether the response of the market players gives rise to competition concerns.
Siden forbuddet mod MSG-transaktionen i 1994, hvor joint venturet mellem Kirch, Bertelsmann og Deutsche Telekom ansås at ville skabe en dominerende stilling på markedet for tekniske tjenester til beta-lings-tv, er en bred vifte af andre sager blevet anmeldt til eller undersøgt af Kommissionen.
Since the prohibition of the MSG operation in 1994, where the joint venture between Kirch, Bertelsmann and Deutsche Telekom was found to create a dominant position on the market for technical services for pay-TV, a wide variety of other cases have been notified to or investigated by the Commission.
Det grund læggende tema i disse sager er, at virksomheder fra forskellige brancher har dannet joint ventures eller opkøbt andre virksomheder med henblik på at diversificere deres aktiviteter og udbyde tjenester på nye og beslægtede markeder.
The under lying theme of mese cases is that companies in different industries have formed joint ventures or acquired other companies in order to diversify their activities and to offer services in new and related markets.
Kommissionen søger at fremme denne konkurrence ved generelt at sikre, at de etablerede teleselskaber udskiller deres kabel-tv-virksom-hed i et særskilt selskab, og ved i visse tilfælde at stille krav om, at kabelselskabet afhændes.
The Commission is doing this by ensuring that incumbent telecommunications companies separate their cable-TV activities into a separate company and on a case-by-case basis by requiring divestment of the cable company concerned.
Desuden har Kommissionen tilskyndet til indførelse af fri adgang til abonnentnettet for at give andre infrastrukturudbydere mulighed for at tilbyde tjenester via egne infrastrukturer, som de lejer af den etablerede teleoperatør.
In addition, the Commission has encouraged the unbundling of the local loop to enable other infrastructure providers to offer services over their own infrastructure leased from the incumbent telecommunica tions operator.
Telia og Telenor gav Kommissionen tilsagn om både at afhænde deres kabelaktiviteter og sikre fri adgang til abonnentnettet for at få godkendt deres fusion, der dog senere blev afblæst.
Both cable divestment and local-loop unbundling were undertakings given to the Commission by Telia and Telenor to secure clearance of their merger, which was subsequently abandoned. .
Joint venturet blev oprettet af BT (teleselskabet), BSkyB (ejeren af indhold og transmissionsselskab). Midland Bank og Matsushita.
This joint venture was set up by BT (the telecommunications provider), BSkyB (the content owner and broadcaster), Midland Bank and Matsushita.
Et af hovedformålene med joint venturet var dels at subsidiere udgifterne til den dekoder, der er nødvendig for at få adgang til digitalt satel-lit-tv, Internettet (begrænset adgang) og interaktive tjenester, dels at levere en platform for disse tjenester.
A key function of the joint venture was to subsidise the cost of the set-top box needed in order to have access to digital satellite TV, to the Internet (limited access) and to interactive services, and to provide a platform for those services.
Andre transaktioner inden for telesektoren har handlet om et helt andet fænomen, hvor selskaberne har opgivet at eje bestemte aktiviteter på et vertikalt beslægtet marked og erstattet ejerforholdet med en out-sourcing-kontrakt på de frasolgte aktiviteter.
Other operations in the telecommunications sector have raised a different issue, where companies have withdrawn from ownership of activities in a vertically related market, replacing this with an outsourcing contract for the activities which had been sold off.
Der kan dog udledes bestemte principper af Kommissionens tilgang til sagerne.
In 1999 the Commission assessed and approved under
stilling til også at dække beslægtede markeder.
Overall, in its assessment of these types of operation in vertically related markets, the Commission treats each case on its own merits.
Som eksempel kan nævnes en dominerende stilling inden for besiddelse af film­ og sportsrettigheder, der benyttes til at opnå en dominerende stilling inden for beta­lings­tv og interaktive tv­tjenester.
First, companies which are dominant on one market should not be permitted to extend that dominance into related markets. An example would be dominance with regard to ownership of films and sports rights being used to achieve dominance in pay-TV and digital interactive television services.
For det andet kan Kommissionen ikke acceptere, at en enkelt eller et begrænset antal aktører får for stor magt, så de kommer til at optræde som en slags dørvogtere på eksiste­rende eller fremspirende markeder.
Second, the Commission cannot accept the con centration of excessive market power in the hands of one or a limited number of players which can put it or them in a gatekeeper role for existing or emerging markets.
Endelig er der stor sandsynlighed for, at virksomheder, der kontrolle­rer vigtigt accesudstyr — f.eks. en dekoder, en EPG (Electronic Programming Guide), et abonnentnet eller en internetbrowser (såsom Netscape Navigator eller Microsoft Internet Explorer) — vil skulle opfylde strenge betingelser for at få godkendt transaktioner, der anmeldes til Kommissionen, bl.a. for at sikre, at adgangen til det pågældende udstyr ikke begrænses.
Finally, companies which have control of an important access device such as a set-top box, an EPG (electronic programming guide), a telecommunications local loop or an Internet browser (such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Internet Explorer) are likely to be required to meet demanding conditions for the approval of any operation notified to the Commission, inter alia to ensure that access to that device is not restricted.
Med hensyn til den første påstand understregede Førsteinstansretten, at skønten virksomhed, der varden direkte begunstigede af den omstridte statslige foranstaltning, havde ret til at blive hørt om klagepunkterne i Kommissionens åbningsskrivelse til den pågældende medlemsstat, betød det ikke, at Kommissionen var forpligtet til at til sende den pågældende virksomhed en kopi af den klage, der havde sat proceduren i gang,eller en ko pi af bemærkningerne fråden berørte medlemsstat som svar på Kommissionens klagepunkter.
With regard to the first plea, the CFI stressed that while an undertaking, that was the direct beneficiary of the State measure being challenged, had the right to be heard concerning the objections set out by the Commission in the letter of formal notice it addressed to the Member State in question, this did not mean that the Commission was required to communicate to that undertaking a copy of any complaint which had prompted initiation of the procedure or the comments submitted by the Member State in reply to the Commission's objections.
Kom missionen behandlede dette spørgsmål for første gang i beslutningen om Zaventem lufthavn (5). Den har nu vedtaget disse to nye beslutninger om differentieringen af landingsafgifter alt efter flyvningens art (indenrigs eller ej).
The Court went on to point out that statements made in public by a Member of the Commission could not be regarded as committing the Commission, which operated according
I — KONKURRENCEBEGRÆNSENDE AFTALER OG MISBRUG AF DOMINERENDE STILLING — ARTIKEL 81 OG 82 STATSMONOPOLER OG MONOPOLRETTIGHEDER — ARTIKEL 31 OG 86 ske lufthavne var i klar modstrid med principper ne for det indre marked for transport.
I — ANTITRUST: ARTICLES 81 AND 82 STATE MONOPOLIES AND MONOPOLY RIGHTS: ARTICLES 31 AND 86 airport decision, which concerned access to the groundhandling market, and the Paris airports decision, which related to the airports' commercial policy, the focus has now switched to the issue of charges for access to airport infrastructures, and in particular the principle of non-discrimination in the setting of those charges.
den snævre betydning, der følgeraf den oprindelige definition i forordning nr. 1617/93, synes at være af forholdsvis begrænset betydning.
Joint planning and scheduling within the limited meaning of the original definition in Regulation (EEC) No 1617/93 appears to be of lesser importance.
De er fordet meste del af mere omfattende aftaler, f.eks. allianceaftaler og samarbejdsaftaler.
Where such agreements are concluded, they are mostly part of more comprehensive agreements, such as alliance agreements and cooperation agreements.
Sådanne vidtrækkende aftaler falder imidlertid uden for artikel 2 i forordning (EØF) nr. 1617/93.
Such wide-ranging agreements, however, fall outside the scope of Article 2 of Regulation (EEC) No 1617/93.
Kommissionens politik med hensyn til kon kurrence inden for lufthavnssektoren ligger nu fast og er bekendt for alle parter.
The Commission's approach to competition in the airport sector is now clear and known to all parties.
Et brev indeholdende en redegørelse for Kommissionens politik med hen syn til beregningen af landingsafgifter blev i for længelse af beslutningerne tilsendt alle myndigheder og lignende instanser med ansvar for driften af lufthavne med lignende rabat- eller differentieringsordninger, og heri blev de opfordret til at ændre deres afgiftssystemer.
A letter setting out the Commission's approach towards landing charges was sent to all the authorities or entities operating airports at which such discounts or differentiated charges were applied, calling on them to alter their system of charges.