natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Den øgede troværdighed har desuden hjulpet virksomhederne, idet de nu kan handle i euro over hele kloden.
This gain in credibility has also helped businesses, since they can now do business in the euro across the world.
Euroen har også været til gavn for arbejdspladser og vækst: Siden 1999 er der skabt omkring 16 millioner stillinger i euroområdet (de EU-lande, der har indført euroen).
The euro has also been good for jobs and growth: since 1999, some 16 million jobs have been created in the euro area (the EU countries using the euro).
EU’s vækst- og arbejdspladsstrategi kan ikke tage hele æren for dette.
Some 7.5 million jobs were created in the EU in 2006–07 alone.
EU-landene ville uanset hvad have indført en masse reformer. Alligevel er det påvist, at den samordnede tilgang har ydet et vigtigt bidrag.
Unemployment has been brought down to levels largely unknown for two decades, and the job market has become more resistant to economic downturns, with the number of jobs nonetheless actually continuing to grow.
I 2008 udbrød der en global økonomisk krise, der især kom fra uden for Europa.
The EU growth and jobs strategy cannot take all the credit for this.
Den koordinerede europæiske strategi for, hvordan vi skaber langsigtet og holdbar vækst, udgør et grundlag for at komme igennem krisen.
The EU countries would have introduced many reforms come what may.
Euroen har givet virksomhederne mærkbare fordele.
Nevertheless, there is evidence that the coordinated approach has made an important contribution.
VIL
THE
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Trusler og udfordringer
The threat and the challenge
Vejen frem: en integreret strategi
The way forward: an integrated response
Trusler og udfordringer
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Klimaændringer er
The threat and the challenge
Jordens en af de gennemsnitstemperatur største var trusler for vores planet.
Climate change is one of the greatest threats facing the planet.
Hvis uændret jordens i 10 000 år, indtil temperatur stiger med mere end 2 °C den industrielle revolution begyndte.
If the Earth’s temperature rises by morethan 2°C above preindustrial levels,climate change is likely to becomeirreversible and the long-term consequences could be immense.
Siden 1850, da man begyndte at fore- der stor sandsynlighed for, at klimaæn- tage systematiske temperaturmålinger, dringerne bliver permanente.
Lowlying areas of the Earth, includinglarge parts of many European countries, could eventually disappearunder the rising sea levels.
Det kan medføre meget voldsomme konsekven- gør noget, forventes den at stige med ser på lang sigt.
Moreover,in many parts of the world therewould not be enough fresh water togo round.
Der vil mange steder arbejder for FN. Kapløbet er startet for i verden blive mangel at redde på ferskvand.
Extreme weather eventscausing physical and economic dam-agewould become more frequent.Economies could go into declinefrom the costof dealing withadif-ferent climate.
Vejret vil blive mere hvor ekstremt der antages med ikke at være nogen fysiske og økonomiske skader til følge.
The Earth’s average temperature waslargely stable for 10 000 years untilthe Industrial Revolution.
Verdensøkonomien kan komme i krise taber sandsynligvis kapløbet, hvis ikke på grund af udgifterne til at klare det de globale udledninger stabiliseres se-
Since1850, the first date from which thereis consistent accurate measurement,it has risen by 0.76°C. Unless we act,it is likely to rise by a further1.8–4.0°C this century and possiblyby as much as 6.4°C, according toan international panel of scientistsconvened by the United Nations(UN).
Hvis klimaet bliver mere anderledes klima.nest omkring 2020 og derefter senest i ekstremt, er det ikke kun
The race is on to prevent theworld reaching what is believed tobe the tipping point, a 2°C increase.It will mostlikely be lost if globalemissions arenot stabilised byaround 2020 at the latest and thencut toaround half of their 1990levelsby 2050.
2050 nedbringes til omkring halvdelen
Withmoreextremes ofclimate, it is not just Venice that will have toupgrade its flooddefences.
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Derfor ændrer klimaet sig
Combating climate change
Derfor ændrer klimaet sig
Why the climate is changing
2 slippe igennem, men til gengæld tilbageholder den varmestråling, som reflekteres fra jorden.
The atmosphere contains water vapour, carbon dioxide and other naturally occurring gases thatlet in sunlight but absorb the heat that is radiated back off the Earth.
Denne naturlige proces kaldes drivhuseffekten og holder jordens temperatur på et n iveau, der gør liv muligt.
This natural process, calledthe ‘greenhouse effect’, keeps the Earth’s temperature at a level that supports life.
Uden den ville den globale gennemsnitstemperatur kun være på – 18 °C.
Without it,the global average temperature would be an unbearable –18°C.
ldning afbrænding af skove af for fossile skaffe landbrugsjord øger indholdet af CO og andre varmeabsorberende gasser i atmosfæren. Når
However, human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and the destruction of forests tomake farmland are increasing the levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases in theatmosphere.
2 mængden af disse »drivhusgasser« bliver større, forstærkes den naturlige drivhuseffekt, og dermed bliver jorden varmere, og klimaet ændres.
The addition of these ‘greenhouse’ gases is enhancing the natural greenhouseeffect, making the Earth warmer and changing the climate.
Løsningen ligger i at begrænse de globale udledninger af drivhusgasser
The solution lies in reducing global emissions of the greenhouse gases, in particular carbon dioxide.
Hovedkilden til udledningerne af drivhusgasser er fossile brændstoffer — dvs. olie, gas og kul, der bliver brug t til elektricitet, opvarmning, afkøling og transport.
Fossil fuels — oil, gas and coal for electricity, heating, cooling and transport — are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions.
Vi er nødt til at bruge færre fossile brændstoffer og at ud nytte dem mere effektivt.
We needtoburnless of them and burnthem more efficiently.
Samtidig er det vigtigt at forhindre CO i at slippe ud i atmosfæren, f.eks. ved at »fange« den, efterhånden som
At the same time, it is important to prevent carbon dioxide escaping into the atmosphere, for example by ‘capturing’ it as it is produced,and then storing it underground in depleted gas fields or salt caverns.
Det er også afgørende at sætte en stopper for afskovningen, især i troperne, hvor skovene fungerer som »kulstofdræn«, der absorberer CO
Reversing deforestation, particularly the disappearance of tropical forests, which act as carbon‘sinks’ that absorb carbon dioxide, is also essential for tackling climate change.
, mens de vokser, men afgiver den
Forests soak upcarbon dioxide when they are growing but give it off when they are cut down.
eks. den metan, der opstår ved de- ponering af affald på lossepladser, eller de udledninger, som overdrev en brug af gødning medfører, men hovedårsagen er afbrænding af fossilt brændsel og afskovning.
There are other contributors to global warming, such as the methane emitted by disposing ofwastein landfill sites or the emissions caused by excessive fertiliser use, but fossil fuel use anddeforestation are the main culprits.
Vejen frem: en integreret strategi
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er en integreret energi- og klimapolitik, da afbrænding
The way forward:an integrated response
Efter EU’s mening bør de industrialise- af fossilt brændsel er en af hovedårsa- rede lande som et første skridt samlet gerne til klimaændringerne.
The way forward for the EU is an integrated energy and climate changepolicy, as the burning of fossil fuelsis a major contributor to climatechange.
EU’s ledere nedbringe deres udledning af drivhus- vedtog en sådan politik i marts 2007.
EU leaders endorsed such apolicy in March 2007.
Dermed kan Europa spille en ledende inden 2020. Udviklingslande som f.eks.
This demonstrates Europe’s global leadership intackling climate change whilepaving the way for the EU toincrease its security of supply andstrengthen its competitiveness.
Kina og Indien vil også være nødt til at kan samtidig arbejde på at øge forsy- begynde at begrænse væksten i deres ningssikkerheden og styrke sin konkur- udledninger .
need to stop increasing within 10 to15 years and then be cut to aroundhalf of 1990 levels by 2050.
En integreret energi- og klimapolitik er hed og for at gå foran med et godt også indledningen eksempel, til en ny er industriel
As a firststep, it considers that industrialisedcountries should collectively cut theiremissions of greenhouse gases to30% below 1990 levels by 2020.Developing countries, such as Chinaand India, will also need to start limiting the growth in their emissions.
EU’s ledere blevet enige revolution, der skal om at nedbringe udledningen af driv- ændre den måde, vi producerer og bruger energi på, og husgasser i EU med mindst 20 % inden vores valg af energityper.
An integrated energy and climatechange policy signals the launch of anewindustrial revolution to trans-formthe way we produce and useenergy, and the types of energy weuse.
Målet er at nå frem til en klimavenlig vil arbejde hen imod at opfylde dette økonomi, hvor både teknologier mål ved hjælp af de tiltag, der indgår i og energikilder har lille CO
The goal is tomovetoaclimate-friendly economy based on a combination of low-carbon technologiesand energy sources.
2 den nye, integrerede energi- og klima-politik, i kombination med de tiltag, der
Tolimit global warming to2°C, global emissions of greenhouse gases will
For at begrænse den globale opvarm- allerede er sat i værk.
The EUplans to achieve this reductionthrough actions foreseen in the newintegrated energy and climate policytogether withmeasures already inplace.
Det er særligt skadeligt for klimaet at bruge kul i elværkerne.
Burning coal to produceelectricity is particularlyharmful to the climate.
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20 % på energiforbruget
Combating climate change
-energikilders med andre politikker, a n del af det samlede energiforbrug til det gælder miljøpolitik,
The EU leaders have decided to: l l l l l l better integrate EU energy markets,i.e. moving towards more competitive, Europe-wide electricity andgas markets; better integrate EU energy policywith other policies, not just withenvironment policy, but also withpolicies such as research, agricultureand trade; increase international cooperation: if the EU can take a commonapproach on energy, and articulateit withacommon voice, it can leadglobal debate.
20 % inden 2020, f.eks. forskning, landbrug og handel dvs. næsten en tredobling i forhold til nu lstyrke det internationale samarbejde: ltidoble
l save 20%of energy consumptioncompared with projections for 2020by improving energy efficiency; increase to 20%by 2020 the shareof renewable energies in overallenergy consumption, thus almosttripling the current level; increase tenfold — to at least 10%—the share of biofuels in overallpetrol and diesel consumption by2020, provided that sustainable,‘second-generation’ biofuels fromnon-food crops become commer-ciallyavailable; develop and promote low- oreven zero-emitting technologies,includingcarbon capture and stor- age — i.e. preventing CO2enteringthe atmosphere by capturing it and
10 % — bio- brændstofs andel om af det en fælles samlede energistrategi benzin- og dieselforbrug inden 2020.
The starting point is a three-yearenergy action plan for Europe for theperiod 2007–09 designed to set the EU — and its citizens — on the rightcourse to combine the fight againstclimatechange with greater securityof energy supply and continued economic growth.
Udgangspunktet der er en treårig ikke er fremstillet handlingsplan for Europa for perioden af afgrøder, der også kan bruges til fødevarer
storing it underground in depletedgas fields or old salt mines — so thatthese can make a major contributiontoreducing emissions by2020; a h n B e h c s u t e
Tog er hurtigere og renere: Hvis vi skal redde klimaet, må vi mindske forureningen fra transport.
It’s faster and cleaner bytrain: cutting vehicle emissions is critical incombating climatechange.
Hvad siger videnskaben?
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Hvad siger videnskaben?
What the scientists say
I Europa stiger temperaturen hurtigere end det globale gennemsnit: Temperaturen er steget med omkr ing 1 º C . 11 af de 12 varmeste år globalt set, siden man begyndte at foretage nøjagtige registr eringer af tempe- raturen i 1850, lå mellem 1995 og 2006.
Over the past 150 years the mean temperature has increased by almost 0.8°C worldwide.Europe is warming faster than the global average: the temperature has increased by about 1°C.Eleven of the 12 warmest years worldwide since reliable records began in 1850 occurredbetween 1995 and 2006.
Virkningen af de stig ende temperaturer kan nu ses på, at isen smelter i Arktis og Alperne, at nedbørsmønstrene har ændret sig, at tø rke og varmebølger forekommer oftere, og at de tropiske cykloner er blevet kraftigere.
The impact of rising temperatures can now be seen in the meltingice in the Arctic and the Alps, rain and snowfall patterns, droughts and heat waves, and theintensity of tropical cyclones.
Mange eksperter mener, at vi er nødt til at begrænse den globale opvarmnin g til højst 2 º C over ni- veauet fra før industrialiseringen, hvis vi skal forhindre klimaænd ringerne i at få uoprettelige følger.
Many experts believe that global warming must be limited to no more than 2°C above the preindustrial temperature if we are to prevent climate change from having irreversible impacts.
Der er imidlertid i videnskabskredse enighed om, at jordens gennemsnitstemp eratur risikerer at stige med hele 6 º C over niveauet i dag i løbet af dette århundrede, hvis der i kke gribes ind.
Butthe scientific consensus is that the world’s average temperature could rise by as much as 6°Cabovetoday’s levels in the course of this century, if no further action is taken.
Mellem 1970 og 2004 steg udledningen af drivhusgasser globalt med 7
There was a 70%increase in emissions of greenhouse gases worldwide between 1970 and2004.
Det Mellemstatslige Panel for Klimaændringer (IPCC), der blev oprettet i 1
The international forum responsible for assessing the scientific evidence of climate change andits impacts is the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), set up in 1988.
Verdensorganisation, vurderer den videnskabelige, tekniske og socioøkono miske information, der er relevant for at forstå risikoen for menneskeskabte klimaændringer.
The panel,ajoint initiative of the United Nations Environment Programme and the World Meteorological Organization, assesses the scientific, technical and socioeconomic information relevant forunderstanding the risk of man-made climate change.
Hundr edvis af førende eksperter fra hele verden leverer bidrag til panelets vurderinger. Siden 1990 har
The drafting of its assessments involveshundreds of leading experts from around the world.
IPCC udarbejdet fire vurde- ringsrapporter, den seneste i 2007.
Since 1990, the IPCC has produced fourassessment reports, the most recent in 2007.
For hver rapport er IPCC blevet mer e og mere overbevist om, at drivhusgasserne har skylden for klimaændringerne.
Its confidence that greenhouse gases are to blamefor the changein the climatehas been steadily growing with each report.
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For de kommende Det vil være en beskeden pris at betale generationers skyld for at undgå de potentielle langsigtede omkostninger ved klimaændringer. Og
Combating climate change
Kampen mod klimaændringer vil sand- så er værdien af andre synligvis medføre store forandringer f.eks.
For the sakeof future generations to cut their collective emissions by30%by 2020, annual economicgrowth would be trimmed by lessthan 0.2%.
mindre luftforurening, i vores livsstil, men det behøver ikke syningssikkerhed til forudsigelige priser at gå ud over vores levestandard.
Combating climate change is likely tomean significant adjustments to ourlifestyles but that does not mean sacrificing our standard of living.
I prak- med EU’s målsætninger om flere job og sis bliver de økonomiske omkostninger vækst og bæredygtig udvikling.
Thechanges are perfectly compatible withthe EU priorities of jobs and growth,and with sustainable development.
ved at nedbringe udledningerne al sandsynlighed mere end opvejet af
The costs of this action will be verylimited, and in any case much lessthan the cost of the damage climatechange will cause if we take noaction.
Omkostningerne ved indsatsen vil være disse fordele.
If developed countries agree
meget begrænsede og under alle om- stændigheder langt mindre end de skader, som klimaændringerne medfø-rer, hvis vi ikke gør noget.
This would be a small price to pay toavoid the potential long-term costs ofclimate change; moreover, it does nottake into account the value of otherbenefits such as reduced air pollution, security of energy supply at predictable prices and improved competitiveness through innovation.
Hvis industri-landene bliver enige om at nedbringe deres samlede udledning med 30 % inden 2020, vil det kun betyde under 0,2 % mindre økonomisk vækst om året.
Inpractice, the economic costs of emission reduction are likely to be morethan offset by these benefits.
Drivhusgasudledninger pr. person i EU-landene, 1990 og 2005
Greenhouse gas emissions per person in the EU countries, 1990 and 2005
Udledninger i ton CO2
Emissions in tonnes of CO2
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EU har igennem fleksible flere år markedsbaserede gradvis intensiveret sin indsats for at forbedre herunder handel med udledninger.
Building on our achievements oped world as a whole of reducing itsgreenhouse gas emissions by an average of 5.2%between 1990 and2012.
Det energieffektiviteten, skete begrænse for at udled- hjælpe industrilandene ningerne fra fabrikker og biler og frem- med at nå målene så omkostningsef- me energibesparelser.
The 15 countries which weremembers of the EU at the time wentfurther and committed collectively toan 8%reduction in their emissions.The protocol also created flexiblemarket-based mechanisms, includingemission trading, to help industrialised countries achieve these reductions at least cost and to encourageinvestment in clean energy projects indeveloping countries and economiesin transition.
dvs. dets o v e r g a n g s ø k o n o m i .
The EU is not starting from scratch intackling climate change.
Selv om USA ikke har ratificeret proto- i en række EU-forskningsprogrammer, kollen og derfor ikke formelt bidrager hvor der i stigende til grad at opfylde er fokus målsætningen, på miljø, klimaændringer for at og nå ren udledningsmålene energi med lavt CO
The EU hasbeen progressively strengthening itsmeasures to increase energy efficiency, limit emissions from factoriesand cars, and encourage energy savings for a number of years.
Først og fremmest er EU allerede langt veau, både hvad angår fremme i et program, industri.
Rules onrecycling and restricting the use oflandfill sites are also contributing toreducing the amount of carbon emitted by the EU, known as its carbonfootprint.
De fleste lande, der er blevet der skal be- grænse udledningerne med 8 % inden medlem af EU siden 2004,
The seventh framework programme on research and technologydevelopment is the latest in a seriesof EU research programmes to putincreasing emphasis on the environment, clean and low carbon energy,and climatechange.
uden for EU.
The Kyoto Protocol
Kyotoprotokollen blev indgået i 1997.
The Kyoto Protocol was agreed in1997.
Opfyldelse af målene
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Det er det europæiske klimaændrings- ninger.
The EU has succeeded in breakingthe link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions.
Samtidig med at der var økono- program (ECCP), der skal hjælpe EU misk vækst i EU mellem 1990 og 2005, og EU-landene med at opfylde deres faldt de 27 EU-landes samlede udled- mål i henhold til
Whilethe EU economy grew between 1990 and 2005, the overall emissions of its 27 members fell by 7.9%.
EU-lande (EU-15) var faldet på 1,5 %.
For the15 ‘older’ member states (EU-15),thedrop in emissions was 1.5%.
Det er opmuntrende, men der er lang ud i omkring 40 politikker og tiltag på vej igen, hvis vi skal nå EU-15’s mål på
Managed by the European Commission, the ECCP hasled so far to the development ofsome 40 European-level policiesandmeasures to reduce greenhouse gasemissions.
EU-plan, der skal begrænse udlednin-
These complement theactions being taken by individual EU countries at home.
EU-lande viser, at målet kan nås, hvis EU-landene selv sætter i værk inden for deres egne gør alvor af alle planlagte initiativer.
Wind turbines beinginstalled will become anincreasingly commonsight in the future.
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Hjørnestenen i EU’s strategi mod klimaændringer er den europæiske ordn ing for handel med udled- ninger (EUETS), der blev iværksat i januar 2005.
The cornerstone of the EU’s strategy for fighting climate change is the EU emission trading scheme (EU ETS), launched in January 2005.
-udledninger og er blevet hoveddrivkraften bag den hastige vækst i han delen med CO v e r -
It was the first international trading system for CO2emissions and has become the main driver behind the rapid expansion in carbon trading around the world.
EU’s ordning for handel med udledninger omfatter i øjeblikket omk ring 10 500 anlæg inden for energi og industri, som samlet tegner sig for tæt ved halvdelen af EU’s C
The EU ETS currently covers around 10 500 installations in the energy and industrial sectors which are collectively responsible for close to half the EU’s emissions of CO2.By putting a coston the carbon emissions of these installations, the scheme creates a permanent incentive for participating companies to minimise emissions as far as possible.
2 sætte en pris på disse anlægs CO
Under this scheme, the national authorities in each EU country allocate a certain number ofemission allowances to each installation.
2 tament til at begrænse deres udledninger så meget som muligt.
The ‘cap’, or limit, on the total number of allowancescreates the scarcity needed for the market to function.
Loftet over det samlede antal kvoter skaber den knaphed, so m er nødvendig, for at markedet kan fungere.
Companies that keep their emissionsbelowthe level of their allowances can sell the allowances they do not need.
Virksomheder, der ikke bruger deres kvoter, kan sælge de overskydende kvoter. De virksomheder, der har svært ved at holde deres udledninger inden for de tildelte kvoter, må enten sørge for at begrænse deres udledninger (f.eks. ved at investere i m ere effektiv teknologi eller ved at bruge energikilder, der er mindre CO
Those facing difficulty in keeping to their allowances must either take measures to reduce their own emissions(for example, by investing in more efficient technology or using less carbon-intensive energysources), or buy the extra allowances needed on the market — effectively paying another company for reducing emissions on their behalf.
Virksomheder, der er omfattet af stilgodehavender, ordningen, kan også der optjent ved udledningsbesparende projekter i lande, der ikke er medlem af
Companies covered by the EU ETS are also allowed to use emission credits generated by emis-sion-saving projects in non-EU countries.
Det er ikke kun energisektoren og industrien, der er skyld i, at CO
Installations in the energy and industrial sectors are not the sole culprits adding to the level of
-niveauet i atmosfæren stiger.
CO2in the atmosphere.
Europa-Kommissionen har derfor foreslået, at ordningen for handel med udledninger fra 2011 udvi- des til også at omfatte de hastigt voksende udledninger fra fly.
Consequently, the European Commission has proposed extending the EU ETS from 2011 to include the rapidly growing emissions from aviation.
En aktuel gen nemgang af ordningen kan føre til, at flere sektorer og gasser bliver omfattet.
In addition, a review of the scheme currentlyunder waymaylead tomore sectors and gases being covered.
Mere effektive el- og hovedsageligt fra produktion og forbrug af energi.
The contribution of energy policy