natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Da institutionen er uafhængig og selvstændig, har Domstolen foruden Justitskontoret sin egen infrastruktur, der omfatter en personaleafdeling, en finansafdeling, en forsknings- og doku mentationsafd eli ng, bibliotek, en informationstjeneste og naturligvis en betydelig sprogtjeneste, da Domstolen skal udføre sine opgaver på alle Fællesskabets officielle sprog.
The Court of Justice, as an independent and autonomous institution, possesses, in addition to the registry, its own administrative infrastructure, including a personnel division, a finance division, a research and documentation directorate, a library, an information service and, of course, a large translation and interpreting service, since the Court has to use all the official languages of the Community in the course of its work.
Annullationssager
Proceedings for annulment
Beføjelserne
Preliminary rulings
Endelig kan domme, afsagt af Retten i Første Instans i sager, der henhører under dens kompetence, appelleres til Domstolen for sa vidt angår rets­spørgsmål.
The Court of Justice also has jurisdic­tion in another very important kind of procedure.
Medlemsstaterne, Rådet og Kommis­sionen kan herunder påstå hel eller delvis annullation af fællesskabsbe­stemmelser, og fysiske eller juridiske personer kan påstå annullation af retsakter, der berører dem umiddel­bart og individuelt.
It is the responsibility of the Court of Justice to ensure that the law is observed in the interpretation and application of the Treaties estab­lishing the European Communities and of the provisions laid down by the Council and the Commission,
Domstolen har til opgave at værne om lov og ret ved fortolkningen og anvendelsen af Traktaterne om Oprettelse af De Europæiske Fælles­skaber samt af bestemmelser, udstedt af Rådet og Kommissionen.
A Member State, the Council or the Commission may apply to the Court of Justice for the annulment of all or part of an item of Community legisla­tion, and individuals may seek the annulment of a legal measure which is of direct and individual concern to them.
Passivitetssager
The various forms of action
Medlemsstaternes domstole er også fællesskabsdomstole, for så vidt som
The Court of Justice may also review the legality of a failure to act by a Community institution, and penalize silence or inaction.
De forskellige former for sager
Actions for damages
Domstolen har herigennem adgang til at kontrollere, om det er lovligt, at en fællesskabsinstitution forholder sig passiv i en given situation.
D they have jurisdiction to review the administrative implementation of Community law, for which the authorities of the Member States are essentially responsible; and
Er dette ikke tilfældet, kan Domstolen pålægge institutionen en sanktion.
Π many provisions of the Treaties and of secondary legislation — regu­lations, directives and decisions — directly confer individual rights on nationals of Member States, which national courts must uphold.
□ den administrative gennemførelse af fællesskabsretten, der i det væsent­lige er overdraget medlemsstaternes administrative organer, fortsat er undergivet national domstolskontrol
In an action for damages based on non-contractual liability, the Court of Justice rules on whether the Com­munity is liable for damage caused by its institutions or servants in the per­formance of their duties.
D mange bestemmelser i Traktaterne og i den afledede ret (forordninger, direktiver, beslutninger) umiddelbart skaber rettigheder for medlemssta­ternes borgere, som de nationale domstole skal beskytte.
Finally, the Court of Justice may hear appeals, on points of law only, against
Domstolen har herigennem adgang til at kontrollere, om medlemsstaterne overholder de forpligtelser, der påhviler dem i medfør af fællesskabs­retten.
To ensure the effective application of Community law and to prevent differences between the rules of interpretation applicable in different national courts from leading to
Denne sagstype giver Domstolen adgang til — på grundlag af ansvar uden for kontrakt — at fastslå, om Fællesskabet skal erstatte skader for­voldt af dets institutioner eller af dets ansatte under udøvelsen af deres hverv.
Such proceedings enable the Court of Justice to determine whether a Member State has fulfilled its obliga­tions under Community law. An action may be brought by the Com­mission — as is practically always the case — or by another Member State.
For at sikre en effektiv anvendelse af fællesskabsretten og for at undgå, at forskelle i de fortolkningsregler, der
If the Court finds that the obligation has not been fulfilled, the Member State concerned must comply without delay.
EF­landenes regeringer udnævner efter fælles overenskomst de 13 dommere og 6 generaladvokater for 6 år
ÜÜIÜIUUÜ and 6 Advocates General for a period of θ years
6 afdelinger hver med 3 hhv. 5 dommere
6 chambers, each comprising 3 or 5 Judges
Traktatbrudssager (Kommissionen mod en medlemsstat)
Actions for failure to fulfil Treaty obligations {Commission ν a Member State}
Sager mellem medlemsstater
Actions brought by one Member State against another
Passivitetssager (mod Rådet eller Kommissionen}
Actions for failure to act (brought against the Council or the Commission)
Præjudicielle anmodninger om EF­rettens fortolkning eller gyldighed (forelagt af nationale retsinstanser)
Preliminary rulings on interpretation and validity of Community law (on reference from national courts)
Erstatningssager mod EF­institutioner eller ­ansatte
Actions for damages against Community institutions or servants
EF-landenes regeringer udnævner efter fælles overenskomst de 12 dommere for 6 år o o o α
The governments of the Member States appoint by common accord the 12 Judges for a period of θ years ο σ o o o ΓοΊ o o σ o o a
5 afdelinger hver med 3 nu
5 Chambers, eacti composing 3 of 5 Juöges
Ordningen sikrer et permanent sam­arbejde mellem de nationale retter og Domstolen og viser klart, at også de nationale retsinstanser er garanter for fællesskabsretten.
Jurisdiction ín respect of disputes between the Communities and their servants, competition proceedings and ECSC cases
Det er ligeledes gennem præjudicielle forelæggelser, at enhver borger i Fællesskabet kan nä til klarhed om de fællesskabsregler, der vedrører ham/ hende.
A preliminary ruling is also the form of procedure by which any European citizen may seek clarification of the Community rules which concern him.
D sager anlagt mod Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber af fysiske eller juridiske personer, og som angår gennemførelsen af de konkurrenceregler, der gælder for virksomheder somheder
D actions brought against the Commission of the European Communities by legal or natural persons in connection with the implementation of the rules on competition applicable to undertakings;
D sager mod Kommissionen i medfør af EKSF-Traktaten, som anlægges af virksomheder eller organisationer
D actions brought against the Commission under the ECSC Treaty by undertakings or associations of undertakings; and
Endelig må man ikke glemme, at nogle af fællesskabsrettens hovedprincipper er blevet defineret pá baggrund af præjudicielle spørgsmål, der undertiden er stillet af retter i forste instans.
Finally, it must not be forgotten that major principles of Community law have often been laid down in preliminary rulings, sometimes in answer to questions referred by courts of first instance.
Hvilke virkninger har en dom, Dom stolen afsiger i anledning af en præjudiciel anmodning?
What are the effects of a preliminary ruling by the Court of Justice?
Domstolen »kender for ret«, hvilket vil sige, at den præciserer fælles skabsrettens indhold.
The Court of Justice rules on the law, that is to say that it declares what the relevant Community law is.
Den nationale retsinstans, svaret er rettet til, skal i den sag, den skal påkende, anvende Domstolens fortolkning af bestemmelserne uden at ændre eller forvanske den.
The national court to which that ruling is addressed must apply the law, as interpreted by the Court of Justice, without modification or distortion, to the dispute before it.
Samtidig kan Domstolens fortolkende dom vejlede andre retter, der behandler tilsvarende problemer som dem, der tidligere er truffet præjudiciel afgørelse om.
A ruling on interpretation by the Court also serves as a guide for other national courts dealing with a substantially similar problem or a question on which a preliminary ruling has already been given.
Sagsbehandlingen nøje overholdes, medmindre præsidenten udtrykkeligt bestemmer andet.
Procedure adhered to unless an extension is specifically authorized by the President.
Sagens anlæg
Initiation of the proceedings
Efter at den skriftlige sagsbehandling er afsluttet, afgøres det på grundlag af den refererende dommers rapport, og efter at generaladvokaten er hørt, om der skal ske bevisoptagelse, og om sagen skal behandles af samtlige dommere eller i en afdeling.
Once the written procedure is completed, it is decided, upon hearing the report of the Judge-Rapporteur and the views of the Advocate-General, whether any preparatory inquiry is necessary and whether the case should be dealt with by a Chamber or by the full Court.
Nar det sidste processkrift er indgivet, eller en eventuel bevisoptagelse er afsluttet, fastsætter præsidenten datoen for retsmødet, der er offentligt.
After the last pleading has been lodged, or on completion of the preparatory inquiry, if any, the President sets the date for the public hearing.
Retsmøderapporten offentliggøres i forbindelse med retsmødet.
That report is made public at the hearing.
Offentligt retsmøde og generaladvokatens forslag til afgørelse
The public hearing and the Opinion of the Advocate-General
Samtidig forkyndes stævningen for sagsøgte, der har en frist på en måned til at indgive svarskrin.
The application is also served on the other party, who has one month within which to lodge a defence.
Sagen procederes herefter i et offentligt retsmøde, hvori dommerne og den generaladvokat, der er udpeget i
The case is then argued at a public hearing before the judges and the Advocate-General to whom the case
Efeb fra Maraton (340-320 f.K.;
Ephebus of Marathon (between 340 and 320 BC)
Herefter voterer dommerne, og kun dommerne, på grundlag af et forslag til dom, som den refererende dommer har udarbejdet.
Deliberation and judgment Next, the judges deliberate alone on the basis of a draft judgment drawn up by the Judge-Rapporteur.
Enhver af dommerne kan foreslå ændringer.
Each of the judges may propose changes.
Når den endelige formulering af dommen er blevet vedtaget, afsiges den i offentligt retsmøde.
When a final text has been agreed upon, judgment is given in open court.
Dommene og generaladvokaternes forslag til afgørelse offentliggøres på alle Fællesskabets officielle sprog i Samling af Afgørelser fra Domstolen og Retten i Første Instans.
The Registrar has that request translated into all the Community languages, then serves it not only on the parties to the original proceedings but also on the Member States, the Commission and, where necessary, the Council. A notice is published in the Official Journal indicating the names of the parties involved and the tenor of the question.
Justitssekretæren lader en meddelelse, der indeholder de pågældende parters navne samt spørgsmålene, offentliggøre i EF-Tidende.
If the State has more than one official language, the applicant chooses whichever suits him best.
Domstolen indtager en meget bety­delig plads i det institutionelle system, der er indført ved Trakta­terne.
The Court of Justice occupies a very important place in the system of insti­tutions set up by the Treaties.
Den har således fået til opgave at sikre balancen mellem på den ene side de beføjelser, der er tillagt Fæl­lesskabets enkelte institutioner, og på den anden side de beføjelser, der er overført til Fællesskabet, og dem, medlemsstaterne har bevaret.
It is responsible for maintaining the balance, on the one hand, between the respective powers of the Com­munity institutions and, on the other, between the powers transferred to the Community and those retained by the Member States.
I kraft af denne retspraksis, hvoraf Van Cend en Loos­ (afsagt i 1962), Costa mod ENEL­ (1964) og Simmenthal­dommene (1978) hører til de mest principielle, kan Fællesska­bets borgere påberåbe sig bestem­melser i fællesskabstraktaterne, forordninger og direktiver for de nati­onale domstole og kræve, at en nati­onal lov ikke finder anvendelse, hvis den er i strid med fællesskabslovgiv­ningen.
Thanks to those decisions, of which the van Gend en Loos, Costa ν ENEL and Simmenthal judgments (given in 1962, 1964 and 1978 respectively) are the most important, the citizens of Europe may now rely on the provi­sions of the Treaties and Community regulations and directives before their national courts, and may seek to have a national law disapplied if it is contrary to Community law.
Under udførelsen af denne retlige kontrol har Domstolen ofte skullet give svar på forfatningsmæssige spørgsmål og spørgsmål af stor øko­nomisk betydning, hvorved den har haft betydelig indflydelse på den europæiske integrationsproces.
In exercising its powers of judicial review, it is often called upon to settle questions of a constitutional nature and of major economic significance, thus playing an essential role in the process of European integration.
Domstolens betydeligste bidrag i denne henseende er dens retsprak­sis, som har defineret de ro hoved­principper, som Det Europæiske Fællesskab som retssamfund hviler på:
The Court's most important contri­bution in that regard has been in its decisions defining the two essential rules on which the European Com­munity, as a community governed by the rule of law, is based:
Π fællesskabsrettens umiddelbare anvendelighed i medlemsstaterne og
D the direct effect of Community law in the Member States; and law
På grundlag af disse to principper har Domstolens praksis gjort fællesskabs­retten til en realitet for Fællesskabets borgere.
On the basis of those principles, the decisions of the Court of Justice have made Community law a reality for the citizens of Europe.
I forbindelse med fællesmarkedets indførelse har Domstolen beskæftiget sig med varer af vidt forskellig art, fra kalkungumpe til kikærter, fra frosset kød til kirsebær i spiritus, for at afklare den nomenklatur, der er afgø­rende for en identificering af varerne, så de kan bringes på markedet, og så Den Fælles Toldtarif kan finde ensar­tet anvendelse.
The Court has often been asked to clarify Member States' obligations with regard to the free movement of goods and the establishment of a common market and to secure the removal of barriers of all kinds protecting national markets and under takings.
Domstolen har ofte skullet tage stil­ling til medlemsstaternes forpligtelser med hensyn til frie varebevægelser og indførelsen af et fælles marked, hvor­under den navnlig har påset, at alle former for hindringer, som beskyt­tede de nationale markeder og virk­somheder, blev afskaffet.
Following the 'Cassis de Dijon' judgment (1979), European consumers may buy in their own country beer, pasta, cheese or any other foodstuff from a country in the European Community — provided that it is lawfully produced and marketed in that country and that there are no serious grounds related, for example, to the protection of health or the environment for preventing its importation into the country of consumption.
Domstolen har også taget stilling til de almindelige regler for fri konkur­rence.
Agriculture is undoubtedly the field in which Community integration has gone the furthest.
Den retspraksis, der er dannet på grundlag af Nouvelles Frontières­dommen (1986), hvor Domstolen fast­slog, at Traktaternes konkurrence­regler finder anvendelse på luft­transport, har f.eks. medført mere fordelagtige prisbetingelser for fly­passagerer.
That judgment formed a turningpoint in the removal of barriers to trade between Member States and at the same time freed the institutions from the gargantuan task of harmonizing the laws of the Member States on the composition of foodstuffs.
Domstolens praksis på dette fore­gangsfelt for den europæiske integra­tion har knæsat de fundamentale principper for den fælles landbrugs­politik (markedets enhed, fællesskabs­præferencen) og gjort det muligt at sikre, at de forskellige mekanismer i gennemførelsen heraf fungerer til­fredsstillende.
The Court's decisions in this spearhead sector of European integration have made it possible to endorse the fundamental principles of the common agricultural policy (unity of the market and Community preference) and ensure the proper operation of the various mechanisms set up to implement it.
har fremhævet, at børn ikke alene skal have adgang til almindelig under visning og en faglig uddannelse, men også har ret til samme støtte i forbindelse hermed som børn af bopælsstatens egne statsborgere, som f.eks. rentefrie lån, uddannelsesstøtte, revalidering af handicappede osv.
the same assistance as the children of citizens of the State of residence, such as interest-free loans, scholarships, assistance for the rehabilitation of the handicapped, etc.
Domstolen har i et stort antal præjudicielle sager behandlet et andet problem, nemlig lige løn til mænd og kvinder.
Another problem examined by the Court in the context of numerous requests for preliminary rulings has been equal pay for men and women.
På grundlag af Rom-Traktatens klare regel om ligeløn, fastslog Domstolen i Defrenne-sagen (1971), at det hver-
Since the Treaty of Rome contains a specific provision dealing with that question, in the Defrenne case (1971) the Court held that no Community or national measure was needed for the ing minimum means of subsistence or a special old-age allowance guaranteeing a minimum income for old people are social advantages to which migrant workers are entitled under the same conditions as national workers.
I denne forbindelse har Domstolen fastslået, at en social ydelse, der i almindelighed sikrer et eksistensminimum, eller en særlig alderdomsydelse, der sikrer ældre en mindsteindkomst, er sociale rettigheder, som tilkommer vandrende arbejdstagere på samme vilkår som nationale arbejdstagere.
The Court has also fostered integration on a human level, an essential factor not only in the establishment of the common market but also in an ever-closer union among the peoples of Europe. A European worker who decides to settle in another Community country, and who may thus suffer direct or indirect discrimination, now enjoys the same rights and benefits as regards conditions of work and employment as those given to national workers.
Selv om arbejdstagere i Fællesskabet, der ønsker at bosætte sig i en anden af Fællesskabets stater, undertiden kan blive ofre for direkte eller skjult forskelsbehandling, nyder de ikke desto mindre samme rettigheder og fordele med hensyn til ansættelses- og arbejdsbetingelser som nationale arbejdstagere. tagere.
The Court has also defined in a number of judgments the extent of the right of the spouse and children of a migrant worker to settle with him, and has stressed that children must not only be admitted to courses of general education and occupational training, but are also entitled to sjfcaÉk
Domstolen har også været forelagt et stdrt antal sager vedrørende fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser og vedrørende den frie etableringsret.
The Court has also had to settle important issues in the fields of free dom to provide services and freedom of establishment.
Ifølge Rom-Traktaten skulle alle restriktioner på disse områder have været afskaffet ved udgangen af 1960'erne. De nødvendige foranstaltninger blev imidlertid ikke altid truffet inden for de foreskrevne frister.
Under the Treaty of Rome, all restrictions in those fields should have been abolished by the end of the 1960s, but the necessary steps had not always been taken within the prescribed period.
Domstolen har f.eks. medgivet, at Danmark lovligt kunne pålægge dis-
For example, the Court has accepted that it is lawful for Denmark to impose on distributors of beers and
tributører af øl og læskedrikke en ordning med pant og tilbagelevering af tom emballage.
soft drinks an obligation to set up a deposit­and­return system for empty containers.
stand for søgsmål mod Parlamentet, og omvendt, at Parlamentet kan anfægte andre institutioners retsakter, såfremt de anfægter Parlamentets særlige beføjelser, på trods af at dette ikke er nævnt i Rom-Traktaten.
the Treaty of Rome is silent on the subject, certain acts of the Parliament could be challenged before the Court and, conversely, the Parliament could challenge acts of the other institu­tions if they encroached on its own prerogatives.
Endelig er der grund til at fremhæve Domstolens indsats for individets beskyttelse i den hovedsagelig tekniske og økonomiske ramme, som fællesskabsretten er.
Finally, the role of protector of per­sonal rights adopted by the Court of Justice within the essentially tech­nical and economic framework of Community law must be emphasized.
Siden Stauder- (1969) og Internationale Handelsgesellschaft-dommene (1970) har Domstolen uafbrudt søgt at sikre individets personlige grundrettigheder samtidig med, at den har taget sig i agt for ikke at overskride fællesskabsrettens rammer.
Ever since its judgments in the Stauder and Internationale Hand­elsgesellschaft cases (1969 and 1970 respectively), it has been one of the Court's constant concerns to protect the fundamental rights of individuals without overstepping the limits of Community law.
I A.E.T.R.-dommen (1971) fastslog Domstolen, at medlemsstaterne ikke længere havde kompetence til at indgå aftaler med tredjelande om for pligtelser, der berørte de fælles regler, og opstillede herved et over ordentlig vigtigt princip, nemlig at Fællesskabets beføjelser i forholdet udadtil er af dynamisk karakter.
In its judgment in the AETR case (1971), for instance, the Court held that Member States were no longer entitled to enter into obligations with non­member countries affecting common rules, thus establishing the extremely important principle that the Community's powers in the field of external relations are evolutive.
Efterhånden som Europa-Parlamentet har fået tillagt nye beføjelser, har Domstolen anerkendt, at visse af Parlamentets retsakter kan gøres til gen-
When the European Parliament acquired new powers, the Court recognized that, despite the fact that
Der er nu forløbet 40 är siden oprettelsen, og det fælles Europa er ved at nå en moden alder.
The Europe of the Communities, born four decades ago, is now poised to enter into its period of maturity.
Når grænserne falder bort i 1993, udvikler Fællesskabet sig i retning af en politisk union, samtidig med at forbindelserne med nye deltagere fra Nord- og Østeuropa søges styrket.
A frontier-free area in 1993, it is moving towards political union and at the same time preparing to strengthen its bonds with new partners from northern and eastern Europe.
Man må forvente en forøgelse af Domstolens arbejdsbyrde og tillige en udvidelse af dens beføjelser samtidig med en stadig voksende indflydelse fra den praksis, der er opbygget i løbet af de 40 år.
An increase in workload is to be expected, but so too is a widening of its jurisdiction, hand-in-hand with ever greater influence for the caselaw which has built up over the four decades.
Som følge heraf synes en udvidelse af Rettens beføjelser og anvendelsesområdet for toinstansprincippet allerede nødvendig.
An extension of the jurisdiction of the Court of First Instance and of the scope of the double-tier judicial system is already clearly needed.
Oversigt over den samlede plan for udvidelsen af Domstols-komplekset (forventes fuldført i 1995) i- ï
General view of the plan for the enlargement of the seat of the Court of Justice (planned date of completion: 1995)
DE EUROPÆISKE FÆLLESKABERS DOMSTOL
COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
Luxembourg: Kontoret l'or De Europæiske Fællesskabers Officielle Publikationer. 1994
Luxembourg: Office for Officiai Publications of the European Communities. 1994
Samling af Afgørelser fra Domstolen og Retten i Første In stans
Reports of Cases before the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance