natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Det fremgår således af 59. betragtning til beslutningen, at der også er taget hensyn til andre forhold, nemlig at der var en væsentlig forskel på Cewal's og den nærmeste konkurrents markedsandele, at der ved aftalen med det zairiske Office de gestion du fret maritime (»Ogefrem«), hvorved Cewal fik en eneret, var opnået fordele, at Cewal rådede over et betydelig rutenet og flådekapacitet og kunne tilbyde en høj afgangsfrekvens, og at Cewal havde opnået et betydelig erfaring gennem flere årtier på det pågældende marked.
The figure of 64% put forward by the applicants, which the Commission contests, relates to 1992 alone, since, according to figures produced by the applicants, their market shares in 1990 and 1991 were in excess of 80% and 70% respectively.
Kommissionen findes herefter med rette at have fastslået, at der forelå en dominerende stilling.
It follows that, throughout the period concerned, Cewal's market shares remained high, despite their steady erosion.
Det bemærkes, at Kommissionen har fastslået, at den fremgangsmåde med såkaldte aktionsskibe, som Cewal's medlemmer anvendte med henblik på at fortrænge konkurrenten G og C, bestod i tre forhold: Man udpegede de Cewal-skibe, hvis afgangstider lå tættest op ad G & C-skibenes, til at fungere som aktionsskibe uden ændring af afgangstidspunkterne. Der fastsattes fælles »aktionspriser«, som afveg fra Cewal's normaltarif, og som svarede til eller var lavere end G & C's priser. Det heraf følgende indtægtstab blev båret af Cewal's medlemmer. Sagsøgerne har anført, at Kommissionen med urette har fremhævet i svarskriftet, at det ikke var nødvendigt, at et aktionsskib var et specielt befragtet skib, at priserne var lavere end konkurrenternes, og at fremgangsmåden faktisk førte til tab, samt at den omhandlede fremgangsmåde adskilte sig fra fremgangsmåden med underbudspriser. Anbringendets anden del vedrørende manglende misbrug
The Court considers that, whilst retention of market share may show that a dominant position has been retained, paragraph 44), a decline in market shares which are still very large cannot in itself constitute proof of the absence of a dominant position.
Det må fastslås, at disse forhold på ingen måde indebærer en ny definition af fremgangsmåden med aktionsskibe i forhold til beslutningen, men at de derimod er i nøje overensstemmelse hermed.
Lastly, the Court observes, without its being necessary to consider at this stage how to categorize them, that the practices described in the Decision of which Cewal members stand accused reveal an intention to adopt together the same conduct on the market in order to react unilaterally to a change, deemed to be a threat, in the competitive situation on the market on which they operate.
Da sagsøgernes argumentation er baseret på en urigtig forudsætning, må begge anbringender vedrørende begrebet aktionsskibe forkastes.
Those practices, which are described in precise terms in the Decision, constituted aspects of an overall strategy which Cewal members pooled their forces in order to implement.
Hvad angår det andet led i sagsøgernes argumentation vedrørende spørgsmålet om, hvorledes den anfægtede praksis skal kvalificeres i relation til traktatens artikel 86, bemærkes, at sagsøgerne i virkeligheden ikke bestrider, at de
Consequently, the Court considers, in the light of the Decision taken as a whole, that the Commission has sufficiently shown that it was necessary to assess the position of Cewal members on the relevant market collectively.
Retten finder, at en virksomhed, der har en dominerende stilling og en eneret, som dog fra fraviges med virksomhedens samtykke, skal indskrænke sig til kun i rimeligt omfang at bruge den af aftalen følgende ret til at nedlægge veto mod, at andre virksomheder kommer ind på markedet. Det var ikke tilfældet for så vidt angår Cewal's medlemmer.
Other factors were taken into account, namely the significant difference between Cewal's market share and that of its principal competitor, the benefits derived from the contract with the Office (Zaïrois) de Gestion du Fret Maritime (Zaïre National Maritime Freight Management Office (hereinafter 'Ogefrem') giving Cewal exclusivity, the large size of its network, its
tre betingelser for, at der foreligger en praksis med aktionsskibe, er opfyldt
capacities and the frequency of its services and, lastly, the experience acquired by Cewal over several decades on the market concerned.
Retten finder, at de anbringender og argumenter, sagsøgerne har fremført vedrørende loyalitetsaftalerne, må forkastes.
In light of those factors, the Court considers that the Commission was entitled to conclude that there was a dominant position.
Der må herefter antages at være ført bevis for de forhold, der i henhold til beslutningen udgør overtrædelsen.
The second limb of the plea, alleging that there was no abuse members so that they were the same or lower than G & C's advertised prices; and the resulting decrease in earnings, which was borne by Cewal's members. The applicants complain that the Commission stated in the defence, first, that it was unnecessary for a fighting ship to have been specially placed on berth, that the prices should undercut the competitor's and that the operation should result in actual losses and, secondly, that the practice in question was different from that of predatory pricing. The agreement between Cewal and Ogefrem
De subsidiære påstande om ophævelse af den pålagte bøde
Findings of the Court of First Instance
Sagsøgernes argumentation går i virkeligheden ud på, at den således fastlagte praksis ikke udgør et misbrug af en dominerende stilling som omhandlet i traktatens artikel 86.
The Court finds that those aspects do not introduce a new definition of the practice of fighting ships by comparison with the Decision, but are fully consistent therewith.
Det bemærkes for det første, at de bøder, der pålægges ved beslutningen, alene vedrører Cewal's medlemmers misbrug af dominerende stilling.
Since the premiss underlying the applicants' reasoning is without foundation, both pleas raised against the concept of fighting ships must be rejected.
Endvidere finder Retten, at serv om betegnelsen for den praksis, Cewal's medlemmer fulgte, ikke i sig selv er tilstrækkelig til, at den kan anses for at være i strid med artikel 86, fastslog Kommissionen med rette, at det forhold, at erhvervsdrivende inden for international søtransport anvendte en i branchen velkendt betegnelse og inden for konferencens rammer oprettede en Special Fighting Committee, viser, at de havde til hensigt at gennemføre en praksis med henblik på at forvride konkurrencen.
As for the second limb of the applicants' argument, concerning the categorization of the practice in question having regard to Article 86 of the Treaty, the Court finds that, in fact, the applicants do not contest that the three criteria constituting the test for the practice of fighting ships, as adopted by the Commission, were satisfied.
Retten, der har fuld prøvelsesret, finder derfor, at den bøde, der er pålagt de enkelte virksomheder, bør nedsættes.
Consequently, the facts going to make up the infringement, as set out in the Decision, must be regarded as having been established.
Retten finder, at Kommissionen med rette kunne fastslå, at fremgangsmåden med aktionsskibe som omhandlet i beslutningen udgjorde et misbrug af en dominerende stilling i henhold til traktatens artikel 86.
In those circumstances, the Court considers that the Commission was entitled to take the view that, by actively participating in the implementation of the agreement with Ogefrem and repeatedly asking that it be strictly complied with as part of a plan designed to remove the only independent shipping operation for which Ogefrem had authorized access to the market, the members of Cewal infringed Article 86 of the Treaty.
Loyalitetsaftalerne
The use of 'fighting ships'
For det fjerde bemærkes vedrørende overtrædelsernes varighed, at sagsøgerne har fremført særskilte argumenter for de enkelte tilfælde af misbrug.
In reality, the applicants' argument seeks to show that the practice, as so defined, does not constitute an abuse of a dominant position within the meaning of Article 86 of the Treaty.
Sagsøgerne kan derfor ikke gøre gældende, at Kommissionen ikke tidsmæssigt havde kompetence til at pålægge en bøde, idet den netop ikke har taget hensyn til perioden før ikrafttrædelsen af forordning nr. 4056/86.
In the first limb of their argument, relating to the concept of 'fighting ships', the applicants raise two pleas, one alleging infringement of the rights of the defence, the other infringement of Article 190 of the Treaty.
Det bemærkes, at Kommissionen i forbindelse med gennemgangen af Cewal's loyalitetsaftaler fastslog, at der forelå to særskilte overtrædelser, hvoraf den ene vedrørte traktatens artikel 85 og den anden traktatens artikel 86.
In this regard, the Court considers that the Commission has established to a sufficient legal standard that that practice was carried out with a view to removing Cewal's only competitor on the relevant market.
Den første overtrædelse består i, at rederierne indgik aftaler, som ikke på alle punkter svarede til de betingelser, der i henhold til artikel 5 i forordning nr. 4056/86 gælder for den i forordningens artikel 3 omhandlede fritagelse. Den anden overtrædelse består i, at rederierne krævede loyalitetsaftalerne overholdt fuldt ud, at de omfattede varer solgt fob, og at der blev anvendt »sortlistning« af illoyale afskibere med henblik på, at der kunne pålægges dem en sanktion.
In addition, the Court considers that whilst the mere name given to the practice used by the members of Cewal is not sufficient to characterize it as an infringement of Article 86, the Commission was entitled to regard the use by professionals in the international maritime transport sector of a wellknown description in that sector of activity and the establishment of a Special Fighting Committee within the conference as disclosing an intention to implement a practice designed to affect the operation of competition.
§gennemførelsen af aftalen og krævede denne nøje overholdt.
when the complaints were lodged.
Det fremgår imidlertid ikke af sagen, at Kommissionen behørigt har kunnet konstatere, at overtrædelsen stadig vedvarede i december 1992.
Consequently, the Court, in the exercise of its unlimited jurisdiction, considers that the amount of the fine imposed on each of the applicants must be reduced.
Det hedder i domskonklusionen:
The loyalty contracts
Kommissionen frifindes for sagsøgernes påstand om annullation af Kornmissionens beslutning 93/82/EØF af 23. december 1992 om en procedure i henhold til EØF-traktatens artikel 85 (W/32.448 ogW/32.450: Cewal, Cowac, Uhval) og EØF-traktatens artikel 86 (W/32.448 og IV/3Z450: Cewal).
The first consists in the conclusion of contracts which do not fulfil in every respect the obligations laid down in Article 5 of Regulation No 4056/86 for exemption under Article 3; the second consists in the imposition of 100% loyalty contacts, the inclusion of goods sold fob and the use of black lists of disloyal shippers with a view to penalizing them.
De bøder, der er pålagt ved beslutningens artikel 6, fastsættes til følgende beløb:
The Court considers that the applicants' pleas and arguments relating to the examination of the loyalty contracts are unfounded.
Generaladvokat M.B. Elmer fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Anden Afdeling') den 8. oktober 1996.
Accordingly, in the light of the evidence available to the Court, and in the exercise of its unlimited jurisdiction, the Court must hold that the period to be taken into consideration ended in September 1989. For that reason, the fine must be reduced.
Præjudiciel—ProtodikeioAthen —fortolkningen af artikel 10, stk. 4, i Kommissionens forordning nr. 2730179 af 29. november 1979 om fælles gennemførelsesbestemmelserforeksportrestitutioner for landbrugsprodukter — eksport til et tredjeland som ikke er USSR — hvedemel — restitutionens
Secondly, as regards the calculation of the fine, the Court finds that, since the conference does not have legal personality, the Commission was entitled to impose a fine on the members of Cewal, rather than on the conference itself.
Han foreslog Domstolen følgende besvarelse: »Artiklerne 20 og 21 i Kommissionens forordning (EØF) nr. 2730/79 af 29. november
Thirdly, the Court considers that, in so far as the complaints which gave rise to this case were of a general nature, with the result that the practices ultimately taken issue with in the Decision were not identified, the members of Cewal cannot be accused of failing to terminate those practices
der ikke producerer mælk, men som disponerer over en referencemængde, som er fritaget for tillægsafgift, ved direkte salg
Cases T-24/93, T-25/93, T-26/93 and T28/93 are joined for the purposes judgment;
Generaladvokat D. Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Anden Afdeling) den 8. oktober 1996.
The applications for the annulment of Commission Decision 93/82/EEC of23 December 1992 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Articles 85 (IV/3Z448 and W/32.450: Cewal, Cowac and Ukwal) and 86 (IV/3Z448 and IV/32.450: Cewal) of the EEC Treaty are dismissed;
Han foreslog Domstolen følgende afgørelse:
The amounts of the fines imposed by Article 6 of that decision are fixed as follows:
Traktatbrud (EF-traktatens artikel 93, stk. 3, tredje afsnit) — gennemførelse af en støtteforanstaltning, som ikke er godkendt (støtte til Volkswagen-koncernens fabrikker i Mosel og Chemnitz, som er omhandlet i beslutning C(96)1844 endelig udg.)
Preliminary ruling — Protodikeio Athinon -Interpretation of Art. 10(4) of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2730/79 of 29 November 1979 laying down common detailed rules for the application of the system of export refunds on agricultural products — Export to a non-member country other than the USSR — Wheat flour -Calculation of the refund in the case of loss of the exported product through force majeure
Delvis annullation af Kommissionens beslutning C(96)1844 endelig udg. af 26. juni 1996 om Tysklands støtte til Volkswagen-koncernens fabrikker i Mosel og Chemnitz — retsgrundlag (enten EF-traktatens artikel 92, stk. 2, litra c), og EØS-aftalens artikel 61, stk. 2, litra c) - støtte, som er nødvendig til at opveje økonomiske ulemper som følge af Tysklands deling — eller EF-traktatens artikel 92, stk. 3, litra c), og EØS-aftalens artikel 61, stk. 3, litra c) — regional støtte)
'Articles 20 and 21 of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 2730/79 of 29 November 1979 laying down common detailed rules for the application of the system of export refunds on agricultural products must be interpreted as meaning that exportation does not confer the right to a refund where the product concerned perished through force majeure during delivery after leaving Community territory, and where the same rate of refund is fixed for that product in respect of all non-member countries, save for one country, in respect of which no refund is fixed'
Sag C-305/96 Det Forenede Kongerige / Kommissionen
Case C-152/95 Michel Macon and Others ν Préfet de l'Aisne
Præjudiciel — Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale — Genova — fortolkning af Rådets direktiv 93/37/EØF af 14. juni 1993 om samordning af fremgangsmåderne med hensyn til indgåelse af offentlige bygge- og anlægskontrakter — udelukkelse af unormalt lave tilbud uden undersøgelse — national lovgivning om midlertidige undtagelser fra direktivets bestemmelser
— Disbursement of unauthorized aid (aid to the Volkswagen group for its factories in Mosel and Chemnitz, forming the subject-matter of Decision C(96) 1844 final).
Præjudiciel — Cour d'appel — Versatile — fortolkning af EF-traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1 og 3, for så vidt angår en aftale om eneforhandling for et område uden for Fællesskabet — gyldigheden af en aftalebestemmelse om forbud mod salg af de i aftalen omfattede produkter uden for de områder, aftalen vedrører — betydningen af, at der i Fællesskabet findes et selektivt distributionsnet, for hvilket der i medfør af EF-traktatens artikel 85, stk. 3, er givet fritagelse
Application for the partial annulment of Decision Κ (96) 1844 final of 26 June 1996 concerning aid granted by Germany to the Volkswagen group for its Mosel and Chemnitz factories — Legal basis (Article 92(2)(c) of the EC Treaty and Article 61(2)(c) of the EEA Agreement — Aid required to compensate for the economic disadvantages caused by the division of Germany - Article 92(3)(c) of the EC Treaty and Article 61(3)(c) of the EEA Agreement -Regional aid
Denne publikation udarbejdes af Domstolens Informationstjeneste (L-2925 Luxembourg) med henblik på en hurtig orientering om arbejdet ved Domstolen og Retten i Første Instans.
Appeal against the judgment of the Court of First Instance on 11 July 1996 in Case T-146/95 between Mr Bernardi and the European Parliament - Dismissal of an action for annulment against the procedure for appointing the European mediator
Gengivelse kan ske med kildeangivelse.
Case C-302/96 Commission ν Germany
Sag C-312/95 12 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Storhertugdømmet Luxembourg Miljø- og forbrugerbeskyttelse
Case T-33Í/94 Efisol SA v Commission of the European Communities Environment and consumers
Forenede sager C-283/94, C-291/94 og C-202/94 5 Denkavit Internationaal BV m.fl. / Bundesamt fur Finanzen Fiskale bestemmelser
Joined Cases C-283/94, C-291/94 and C-292/946 Denkavit Internationaal BV and Others v Bundesamt für Finanzen Taxation
Sag T-336/94 13 Efisol SA / Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber Miljø- og forbrugerbeskyttelse
Case T-36/94 Alberto Capitanio v Commission of the European Communities Staff case
Alberto Capitanio / Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber Personalesag
Case T-37/94 Dimitrios Benecos v Commission of the European Communities
Π tf og Ç-W\I9S , Kongeriget Belgien / Kommissionen for pe Europæiske Fællesskaber
Case C-64/95 Konservenfabrik Lubella Friedrich Büker GmbH & Co. KG v Hauptzollamt Cottbus Page 2
Europæiske Fællesskaber Personalesag
Case T-56/94 Raffaele de Santis ν Commission of the European Communities Staff case
SagT-378/94 Josephus Knijff / Revisionsretten for De Europæiske Fællesskaber Personalesager
Case C-241/95 The Queen ν Intervention Board for Agricultural Produce
Sag C-313/95 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Pen Italienske Republik
Case C-139/95 Livia Balestra ν I.N.P.S.
Forenede sager C-9/95, C-23/95 og C156/95 16 Kongeriget Belgien / Kommissionen fjor De Europæiske Fællesskaber ftofflgtfllPn
Case C-298/95 18 Commission of the European Communities ν Federal Republic of Germany
Præjudiciel •Varetagelse af arbejdstagernes rettigheder i forbindelse med overførsel af virksomheder — overdragelse af'bestemte forvaltningsopgaverfra en kommune til et organ oprettet af flere kommuner i dette øjemed* (Domstolens plenum)
Preliminary ruling (Safeguarding of employees' rights in the event of transfers of undertakings — Transfer of certain administrative functions of a municipality to a body created for that purpose by several municipalities) (Full Court) be interpreted as meaning that the concept of a 'transfer of an undertaking, business or part of a business' applies to the transfer of administrative functions from a municipality to an administrative collectivity such as the one in question in the main proceedings.
Ved kendelse af 19. oktober 1994, indgået til Domstolen den 4. november 1994, har Arbeitsgericht Halberstadt forelagt Domstolen to præjudiciellespørgsmalvedrørendefortolkningen af artikel 1, stk. 1, i Rådets direktiv 77/187/EØF af 14. februar 1977 (herefter »direktivet«).
By order of 19 October 1994, received at the Court on 4 November 1994, the Arbeitsgericht (Labour Court) Halberstadt referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling two questions on the interpretation of Article 1(1) of Council Directive 77/187/EEC of 14 February 1977 ('the Directive').
Med sit første spørgsmål ønsker den nationale ret i det væsentlige at få oplyst, om direktivets artikel 1, stk. 1, skal fortolkes således, at begrebet »overførsel af virksomheder, bedrifter eller dele af bedrifter« omfatter overførsel af forvaltningsopgaver fra en kommune til et kommunalt forvaltningsfællesskab som omhandlet i hovedsagen.
The questions were raised in proceedings brought by Mrs Henke against the municipality of Schierke and the 'Brocken' Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (administrative collectivity) concerning her dismissal.
Spørgsmålene er blevet rejst under en sag anlagt af Annette Henke mod Schierke kommune og Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (forvaltningsfællesskab) »Brocken« i anledning af hendes afskedigelse.
As appears from the preamble to the Directive, in particular the first recital, the Directive sets out to protect workers against the potentially unfavourable consequences for them of changes in the structure of undertakings resulting from economic trends at national and Community level, through, inter alia, transfers of undertakings, businesses or parts of businesses to other employers as a result of transfers or mergers.
Som det fremgår af præamblen til direktivet, navnlig den første betragtning, er formålet med direktivet at beskytte arbejdstagerne mod de negative konsekvenser, det kan have for dem, at der på grund af den økonomiske udvikling både på nationalt plan og på fællesskabsplan sker ændringer i virksomhedernes struktur blandt andet i forbindelse med overførsel af virksomheder, bedrifter eller dele af bedrifter til andre indehavere som følge af overdragelse eller fusion.
Consequently, the reorganization of structures of the public administration or the transfer of administrative functions between public administrative authorities does not constitute a 'transfer of an undertaking' within the meaning of the Directive.
Annette Henke blev med virkning fra den 1. maj 1992 ansat af Schierke kommune som borgmestersekretær.
Mrs Henke was taken on as secretary to the mayor's office of the municipality of Schierke on 1 May 1992.
Den 1. juli 1994 oprettede denne kommune sammen med andre kommuner Gemeindeordnung für das Land Sachsen-Anhalt Verwaltungsgemeinschaft »Brocken«, som kommunen overdrog bestemte forvaltningsopgaver til.
On 1 July 1994, the municipality of Schierke and other municipalities formed, the 'Brocken' Verwaltungsgemeinschaft, to which it transferred administrative functions.
Ved skrivelse af S. juli 1994 opsagde Schierke kommune arbejdskontrakten med Annette Henke.
By letter dated 5 July 1994, the municipality of Schierke terminated its contract of employment with Mrs Henke.
Direktivets begreb »overførsel af virksomheder« omfatter således ikke en reorganisering af den offentlige forvaltning eller en overførsel af forvaltningsopgaver mellem offentlige myndigheder.
It appears from the documents in the case-file that the purpose of a number of municipalities in the Land of Saxony-Anhalt, including the municipality of Schierke, grouping together was,
Selv om det måtte lægges til grund, at der også har været tale om opgaver i forbindelse med økonomisk virksomhed, kan
in particular, to improve the performance of those municipalities' administrative tasks.
Det fremgår af sagens akter, at forvaltningsfællesskabet, som omfatter flere kommuner i delstaten Sachsen-Anhalt, herunder Schierke kommune, bla. blev oprettet med det formål at forbedre udførelsen af de pågældende kommuners forvaltningsopgaver.
It appears that, in the circumstances to which the main proceedings relate, the transfer carried out between the municipality and the administrative collectivity related only to activities involving the exercise of public authority.
disse kun have haft sekundær betydning.
Even if is assumed that those activities had aspects of an economic nature, they could only be ancillary.