natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Order 1993 (herefter benævnt »bekendtgørelsen«), i henhold til hvilken britiske fiskerfartøjer med en længde på over 10 meter kun må være på havet i et begrænset antal dage om året, efter fællesskabsretten er ugyldig, idet sagsøgerne ønsker anerkendelsesdom herfor.
Secondly, the applicant cannot criticize the Commission for having carried out necessary readjustments as soon as it became aware of instances of double counting, simply because it was unable to detect or identify other cases in which the rules were wrongly applied or abuses occurring in other Member States.
Det første spørgsmål
The third plea in law in support of annulment
Ved det første spørgsmål ønsker den forelæggende retsinstans i det væsentlige oplyst, dels hvorvidt Det Forenede Kongerige efter beslutning 92/593 lovligt kan begrænse det antal dage, som fartøjer med en længde på over 10 meter må være på havet, dels hvorvidt beslutningen afskærer Det Forenede Kongerige fra at træffe bestemmelse om tekniske bevaringsforanstaltninger, f.eks. i form af en forøgelse af maskestørrelserne, med henblik på
The contested regulation refers to the instances of double counting established by the Commission and to the need to make reductions in order to prevent a serious distortion in the way operators are dealt with resulting in a disadvantage to certain operators which would be
blev gennemført under det andet FUP.
Dismissed the action;
Det andet spørgsmål
Dismiss the action;
Ved det andet spørgsmål ønsker den nationale retsinstans oplyst, hvorvidt det har betydning for besvarelsen af det første spørgsmål, at Det Forenede Kongerige ikke har opfyldt de i det foregående FUP fastlagte målsætninger.
Case C-44/94 The Queen ν Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ex parte National Federation of Fishermen's Organizations and Others, Federation of Highlands and Islands Fishermen and Others Agriculture
Det tredje spørgsmål
17 October 1995
Traktatens artikel gennemførebesforordningerne
Preliminary ruling (Common fisheries policy of days at sea) (Full Court)
Sammenslutningen har i første række gjort gældende, at de omtvistede nationale foranstaltninger strider mod bestemmelserne om den fælles fiskeripolitik, herunder navnlig bestemmelserne i forordning nr. 3760/92, idet deres virkninger er i fuldstændig modstrid med denne politiks grundlæggende målsætninger.
In those proceedings, the Federation challenges the validity with respect to Community law of the Sea Fish Licensing (Time at Sea) (Principles) Order 1993 (hereinafter 'the Order'), which regulates the number of days a year that United Kingdom fishing vessels over 10 metres in length can spend at sea, and seeks declaratory relief.
Sammenslutningen har om dette spørgsmål gjort gældende, at Det Forenede Kongeriges regering under det andet FUP, der omfattede perioden 1987-1991, ingen skridt tog til at begrænse flådens størrelse, idet den lod markedskræfterne få frit spil og opretholdt en ganske uhensigtsmæssiglicensordning.
By order of 2 December 1993, received at the Court on 4 February 1994, the Divisional Court of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling four questions on the interpretation of Articles 6, 34, 39 and 40(3) of the Treaty, Council Regulations (EEC) No 3759/92 and (EEC) No 3760/92 and Commission Decision 92/593/EEC as well as certain general principles of Community law.
Dennemanglende indgriben må medføre, at Det Forenede Kongeriges forpligtelse under det tredje FUP til at begrænse flådens størrelse udvides i et omfang svarende til den del af begrænsningen, der ikke
Those questions were raised in proceedings for judicial review, brought before the High Court of Justice by the National Federation of
fangstmetoder der anvendes, og hvilke fiskearter der fiskes efter.
under the second MAGP and were introduced only in order to achieve the targets of the third MAGP, the extent to which they were not attained in the course of the second MAGP ought to have been achieved primarily by reducing capacity rather than by reducing activity.
Hvad angår traktatens artikel 6 bemærkes, at det fremgår af fast retspraksis, at anvendelsen af nationale retsregler ikke kan anses for at være i strid med forbuddet mod forskelsbehandling, blot fordi andre medlemsstater angiveligt anvender mindre strenge bestemmelser.
In its first question, the national court seeks in essence to ascertain, first, whether Decision 92/593 enables the United Kingdom to restrict the number of days that fishing vessels over 10 metres in length may spend at sea and, second, whether that decision excludes the possibility of that Member State adopting technical conservation measures, such as an increase in mesh size, in order to achieve the percentage of the overall target which it sets, namely 45%.
Det fremgår af fast retspraksis, at fællesskabsinstitutionerne ved forfølgelsen af den fælles landbrugspolitiks mål »til stadighed skal sørge for at udjævne en eventuel indbyrdes modstrid mellem disse mål betragtet særskilt, samt, om nødvendigt, give det ene eller det andet af dem midlertidig forrang, hvis de økonomiske forhold eller omstændigheder, med henblik på hvilke de træffer afgørelse, kræver det«.
In response to that argument, it should first be noted that, in contrast to the Federation's assertions, the second MAGP, approved by Commission Decision 88/141/EEC of 11 December 1987 on the multiannual guidance programme for the fishing fleet (1987 to 1991) forwarded by the United Kingdom pursuant to Regulation (EEC) No 4028/86, was not binding. The United Kingdom was bound to comply with the second MAGP only for the purposes of obtaining financial aid for measures adopted under that programme.
Hvad angår princippet om forbud mod forskelsbehandling i traktatens artikel 40, stk. 3, andet afsnit, der omfatter et forbud mod forskelsbehandling som omhandlet i traktatens artikel 6, stk. 1, indebærer dette princip, at der ikke for ensartede situationer må gælde forskellige vilkår, og at der ikke for forskellige situationer må gælde ens vilkår, medmindre en sådan forskelsbehandling er objektivt begrundet.
With regard to the first part of that question, the basic regulation, as amended, makes it clear that fishing effort may be restricted both by reduction in the capacity of the fishing fleets and by adjustment of their activity. Article 3(3) of Decision 92/593 accordingly provides that the overall target of the third multiannual guidance programme ('MAGP') at least 55% of which, according to Article 3(2), must be achieved by means of reduction in capacity, may for the remainder be achieved by means of measures to reduce activity, such as measures to restrict time at sea.
Sammenslutningen har i sagen erkendt, at Rådet ved grundforordningen samtidig med at stræbe efter en begrænsning af fiskeriindsatsen som tungtvejende hensyn har inddraget hensynet til en forøgelse af produktiviteten inden for den pågældende sektor, hensynet til at sikre de berørte en rimelig levestandard og hensynet til at sikre forsyningerne, således at den af sammenslutningen påståede tilsidesættelse af traktatens artikel 39 alene kan udspringe af de nationale bestemmelser om en begrænsning af antallet af havdage, der vil kunne undergrave virkeliggørelsen af de nævnte tre målsætninger.
The fact that failure to achieve the targets led to the aid being suspended does not, as the Federation asserts, support the argument that there was a binding obligation to achieve them, but is confirmation that it was necessary to attain those targets only for the purposes of financial aid.
Ved de i bekendtgørelsen fastlagte foranstaltninger er der for perioden 1. januar 1993 - 31. december 1996 blevet truffet bestemmelse om et årligt antal havdage svarende til antallet af havdage i 1991, således at foranstaltningerne tager udgangspunkt i nogle tidligere faktisk bestående forhold, der ikke var resultatet af foranstaltninger på fællesskabsplan eller på et nationalt plan.
The answer to the second question must therefore be that the answers to the first question are not affected by the fact that the Member State concerned did not achieve the targets set by the previous MAGP.
Som Kommissionen har anført under henvisning til artikel la i grundforordningen, som ændret, måtte begrænsningen i antallet af havdage anses for en egnet foranstaltning med henblik på virkeliggørelsen af den overordnede målsætning med det tredje FUP i form af en reduktion af fiskeriaktiviteten svarende til højst 45% af denne målsætning.
As regards the second part of the question, Article 3(3) of Decision 92/593 permits the Member State concerned to choose the most suitable measures to reduce activity in order to achieve the overall target set therein in so far as its achievement is not secured by reductions in capacity, provided however that those measures are based on techniques approved by the Commission.
Det må herefter fastslås, at artikel 39 ikke er til hinder for foranstaltninger som de i hovedsagen omtvistede.
Article 39 of the Treaty and implementing regulations
En fortolkning af forordning nr. 3759/92 og 3760/92 kan ikke føre til noget andet resultat.
In its second question, the national court asks to what extent the answer to the first question is affected by the fact that the Member State concerned did not attain the targets set by the previous MAGP.
Det bemærkes herved, at den nationale lovgivningsmagt ved at »fastfryse« forholdene i 1991 har opstillet en sikkerhed for en ensartet vækstrate på nul, svarende til minimumsmålsætningen, for samtlige kategorier, og at den dermed har handlet inden for rammerne af de i beslutning 92/593 fastsatte grænser.
The Federation claims first that the national measures at issue are in breach of the rules on the common fisheries policy, and more particularly of Regulation No 3760/92, in so far as they produce results diametrically opposed to the fundamental objectives of that common policy.
Sammenslutningen har gjort gældende, at der ved den omtvistede bekendtgørelse er sket en tilsidesættelse, dels af det i traktatens artikel 6 knæsatte princip om forbud mod forskelsbehandling, idet fiskerne i Det Forenede Kongerige underlægges andre vilkår end fiskerne i andre medlemsstater, uden at der foreligger nogen objektiv begrundelse herfor, dels af det princip om forbud mod forskelsbehandling, der er fastsat i traktatens artikel 40, stk. 3, idet det efter bekendtgørelsen er uden betydning, hvilke
The Court has consistently held that 'in pursuing the objectives of the common agricultural policy, the Community institutions must secure the permanent harmonization made necessary by any conflicts between those objectives taken individually and, where necessary, give any one of
til hinder for enhver national foranstaltning, der kan opstille hindringer for samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet.
them temporary priority in order to satisfy the demands of the economic factors or conditions in view of which their decisions are made'.
fællesskabsretlige grundsætninger. De nævnte rettigheder er imidlertid ikke absolutte rettigheder, men skal ses i sammenhæng med deres funktion i samfundet.
prohibition of discrimination laid down in Article 6(1) of the Treaty, comparable situations must not be treated differently and different situations must not be treated in the same way unless such treatment is objectively justified.
Ejendomsretten og retten til frit at udøve et erhverv kan derfor underlægges begrænsninger, herunder som led i en fælles markedsordning, forudsat at sådanne begrænsninger er nødvendige for at tilgodese almene hensyn, som Fællesskabet forfølger, og forudsat at begrænsningerne ikke, når henses til deres formål, indebærer et uforholdsmæssigt og uantageligt indgreb over for det centrale indhold af den beskyttede rettighed.
The measures contained in the Order provide, for the period from 1 January 1993 to 31 December 19%, for the allocation of a number of days a year at sea equal to that for 1991 and thus are based on a situation which actually existed and which was not brought about by Community or national measures.
Det er rigtigt, at bestemmelserne i artikel 30 og 34 om afskaffelse af kvantitative restriktioner og alle foranstaltninger med tilsvarende virkning for henholdsvis import og eksport må anses for en integrerende del af de fælles markedsordninger. Det følger heraf, at når Fællesskabet i henhold til traktatens artikel 40 har oprettet en fælles markedsordning inden for en bestemt sektor, er medlemsstaterne forpligtet til ikke at gøre undtagelser fra denne ordning eller i øvrigt tilsidesætte den.
In this instance, the Federation concedes that in its basic regulation the Council, while intending to restrict fishing effort, gave priority to the objectives of increasing agricultural productivity, ensuring a fair standard of living and assuring the availability of supplies, so that the alleged infringement of Article 39 arises solely from the national measures limiting time spent at sea which have an adverse effect on those three objectives.
Dette udelukker dog ikke, at de kompetente myndigheder i en medlemsstat kan træffe bestemmelse om nationale foranstaltninger på de vilkår, der er fastlagt i et fællesskabsretligt regelsæt, som er en del af en fælles markedsordning.
The fact that no distinction is drawn between different fishing methods cannot therefore be regarded as contrary to the principle of nondiscrimination. discrimination.
De omtvistede nationale foranstaltninger, der må ses i sammenhæng med Kommissionens godkendelsesbeslutning, hvis gyldighed ikke er blevet bestridt, tilgodeser herved almene hensyn, som Fællesskabet forfølger inden for fiskerisektoren, idet de tilsigter at bidrage til strukturelle forbedringer inden for denne sektor.
As the Commission has acknowledged, relying on Article la of the basic regulation as amended, restricting time spent at sea was a suitable means of achieving the overall target of the third MAGP by a reduction in fishing activities of up to a maximum of 45% of that target.
Foranstaltningerne indebærer ikke et uforholdsmæssigt og uantageligt indgreb over for det centrale indhold af de beskyttede rettigheder.
In those circumstances, it must be held that Article 39 does not preclude measures such as those at issue in the main proceedings.
Det må herefter fastslås, at traktatens artikel 34 ikke er til hinder for, at der træffes bestemmelse om nationale foranstaltninger af den i det første spørgsmål omhandlede art, for så vidt der ved foranstaltningerne sker en iagttagelse af de grænser og de vilkår, der er fastlagt i Kommissionens beslutning 92/593, som er udstedt på grundlag af forordning nr. 4028/86.
Furthermore, by thus 'freezing' the situation as it was in 1991, the national legislature has ensured a single rate of zero growth, corresponding to the minimum target, for all segments and has consequently remained within the limits set by Decision 92/593.
Princippet om ejendomsrettens ukrænkelighed, princippet om ret til frit at udøve et erhverv og proportionalitetsprincippet
Although the Federation acknowledges that in principle Article 34 of the Treaty applies only to measures which establish a difference in treatment between the domestic trade of a Member State and its export trade, it submits that different rules apply in the context of the common organizations of the market which are based on freedom to enter into commercial transactions and preclude any national measure liable to hinder intraCommunity trade.
Hvad angår det anførte om, at der er sket en tilsidesættelse af de nævnte principper, bemærkes, at det fremgår af fast retspraksis, at såvel princippet om ejendomsrettens ukrænkelighed som princippet om ret til frit at udøve et erhverv er et led i de almindelige
The Federation considers that the Order at issue is in breach both of the principle of nondiscrimination laid down in Article 6 of the Treaty, since United Kingdom fishermen are treated differently from fishermen from other Member States without any objective justification, and of the principle of nondiscrimination between producers laid down in Article 40(3) of the Treaty, because it takes no account of the different fishing methods used or the different species of fish caught.
De omtvistede nationale foranstaltninger kan herved ikke anses for at stå i et åbenbart misforhold til det hensyn, der ønskes tilgodeset.
It is true that Articles 30 and 34 on the abolition of quantitative restrictions and all measures having equivalent effect on imports and exports are regarded as an integral part of the common organization of the market.
Den omstændighed, at Det Forenede Kongerige valgte de pågældende foranstaltninger frem for andre og dermed gjorde brug af de skønsmæssige beføjelser, som blev tillagt det ved Kommissionens beslutning, kan ikke i sig selv føre til nogen anden antagelse.
It follows that once the Community has, pursuant to Article 40 of the Treaty, adopted such legislation in a given sector, the Member States are under an obligation to refrain from taking any measure which might undermine or create exceptions to it.
Det er uden betydning for besvarelsen af det første spørgsmål, at Det Forenede Kongerige ikke har opfyldt de i det foregående FUP fastlagte målsætninger.
Article 34 of the Treaty cannot therefore preclude the adoption of national measures of the kind referred to in the first question in so far as they comply with the limits set and conditions laid down in Commission Decision 92/593 which is for its part based on Regulation No 4028/86.
EF-traktatens artikel 6, 34, 39 og 40, stk 3, Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 3759/92 af 17. december 1992 om den fælles markedsordning for fiskerivarer og akvakulturprodukter, Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 3760/92 af 20. december 1992 om en fællesskabsordning for fiskeri og akvakultur, ligebehandlingsprincippet, princippet om ejendomsrettens ukrænkelighed, princippet om ret til frit at udøve et erhverv og proportionalitetsprincippet er ikke til hinder for, at en medlemsstat træffer bestemmelse om foranstaltninger af den i det første spørgsmål omhandlede art.
However, those principles are not absolute, but must be viewed in relation to their social function. Consequently, the exercise of the right to property and the freedom to pursue a trade or profession may be restricted, particularly in the context of a common organization of a market, provided that those restrictions in fact correspond to objectives of general interest pursued by the Community and do not constitute in relation to the aim pursued a disproportionate and intolerable interference, impairing the very substance of the rights guaranteed.
Det er uden betydning for besvarelsen af de øvrige spørgsmål, hvilke bestande et fartøj fisker efter, i hvilket omfang de pågældende restriktioner vil påvirke det normale fiskeri og anden virksomhed hos enkelte fiskere og markedet for fangsterne, og hvilke muligheder en national myndighed har for at meddele dispensationer for særlige kategorier af den britiske fiskerflåde. «
The national measures at issue, which fall within the Commission's decision approving them, and the validity of which has not been challenged, do in fact correspond to the objectives of general interest pursued by the Community in the fisheries sector since their purpose is the structural improvement of that sector.
Generaladvokat G. Tesauro fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Domstolens plenum) den 10. maj 1995.
They do not constitute a disproportionate and intolerable interference impairing the very substance of the rights guaranteed.
Han foreslog Domstolen følgende besvarelse:
Nor are those measures contrary to the principle of proportionality.
Det er uden betydning for besvarelsen af de foregående præjudicielle spørgsmål, a) hvilke fiskebestande de enkelte fiskerfartøjer fisker efter, b) i hvilket omfang, fiskeindustrien herved påvirkes, og c) at den kompetente minister kan meddele individuelle dispensationer fra ordningen.«
Commission Decision 92/593/EEC of 21 December 1992 on a multiannual guidance programme for the fishing fleet of the United Kingdom for the period 1993 to 1996 pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4028/86 must be interpreted as enabling the United Kingdom to limit the number of days a year that vesseL· over 10 metres in length may spend at sea in so far as a maximum of 45% of the overall target set in that decision may be achieved by measures other than reductions in the capacity of the fishing fleet The decision does not preclude that Member State from adopting technical conservation measures, provided that they have been approved by the Commission.
Præjudiciel »Fælles handelspolitik — eksport af varer med dobbelt (Domstolens plenum)
The answers to the first question are not affected by the fact that the Member State concerned did not achieve the targets set by the previous MAGP.
Ved kendelse af 4. februar 1994, indgået til Domstolen den 22. februar samme år, har Verwaltungsgericht Frankfurt am Main forelagt et præjudicielt spørgsmål vedrørende fortolkningen af traktatens artikel 113.
Articles 6, 34, 39 and 40(3) of the Treaty, Council Regulation (EEC) No 3759/92 of 17 December 1992 on the common organization of the market in fishery and aquaculture products, Council Regulation (EEC) No 3760/92 of 20 December 1992 establishing a Community system for fisheries and aquaculture, the principle of equal treatment, the right to property, the freedom to pursue a trade or professional activity and the principle of proportionality do not preclude the adoption by a Member State of measures of the kind referred to in the first question.
I løbet af 1991 ansøgte firmaet hos Bundesamt für Wirtschaft (herefter benævnt »Bundesamt«) om tilladelse til at eksportere disse varer til Libyen, men fik dog et afslag på ansøgningen med den begrundelse, at leverancen alvorligt ville skade de interesser, som skal beskyttes i henhold til § 7, som har overskriften »Beskyttelsen af sikkerheden og udenrigsinteresser«, i Außenwirtschaftsgesetz (tysk forbundslov om udenrigshandel, herefter benævnt »AWG«), hvis stk. 1 lyder:
The answers given to the other questions can be affected by neither the nature of the stock caught by a vessel, nor the extent to which the restrictions in question affect normal fishing, other operations of individual fishermen and the market in fish, nor the opportunity given to a national authority to make derogations in favour of particular sectors of the United Kingdom fishing fleet'
Den nationale ret ønsker en præcisering af anvendelsesområdet af traktatens artikel 113 og navnlig, om den fælles handelspolitik udelukkende omfatter foranstaltninger, som forfølger handelspolitiske formål eller også omfatter handelspolitiske foranstaltninger, der sigter mod at nå udenrigs- eller
Commission Decision 92/593/EEC of 21 December 1992 on a multiannual guidance programme for the fishing fleet of the United Kingdom for the period 1993 to 1996 pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4028/86 must be interpreted as meaning that, without excluding the possibility of adopting other measures, it authorizes the United Kingdom to introduce measures the effect of which is to limit the number of days a year that United Kingdom fishing vessels spend at sea to the number of days they spent at sea in 1991, regardless of the fact that the United Kingdom might not have fulfilled its obligations under the multiannual guidance programme for the period 1987 to 1991.
2) forhindre forstyrrelse af nationernes fredelige sameksistens, eller sikkerhedspolitiske mål.
Articles 6, 34, 39 and 40(3) of the EC Treaty, Article 2 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 101/7 6, Council Regulations (EEC) No 3760/92 and No 3759/92, the right to property, the right to pursue a trade or profession and the principle of proportionality must be interpreted as not precluding the application of a measure adopted by a Member State the effect of which is to limit
Der er korrekt, at der i traktatens artikel 34 om varernes fri bevægelighed inden for Fællesskabet sondres mellem kvantitative restriktioner og foranstaltninger med tilsvarende virkning.
the number of days a year which the vessels of that State's fishing fleet spend at sea to the number of days they spent at sea in 1991.