natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Det var ifølge Domstolen utvivlsomt, at det ligger i formålet med direktivet om aftaler indgået uden for fast forretningssted, at der skal tillægges private borgere rettigheder, ligesom det var utvivlsomt, at det alene på grundlag af direktivets bestemmelser kan afgøres, hvad disse rettigheder mindst indeholder.
However, it was common ground that at the material time Italy had not taken any steps to transpose the directive into national law, although the period set for transposition had expired on 23 December 1987. It was not until the adoption of Decreto Legislativo No 50 of 15 January 1992 which entered into force on 3 March 1992, that Italy transposed the directive.
Såfremt der derfor lides et tab, og dette tab er en følge af, at staten har tilsidesat sin forpligtelse, påhviler det den nationale ret at påse, at der efter nationale erstatningsregler ydes forbrugerne erstatning for det tab, de har lidt.
Whether the provisions of the directive concerning the right of cancellation may be invoked in proceedings between a consumer and a trader
Domstolen bemærkede herudover, at såfremt de med direktivet tilsigtede mål ikke kan nås
The second issue raised by the national court related more particularly to the question whether, in the absence of measures transposing the directive within the prescribed time-limit, consumers may derive from the directive itself a right of cancellation against traders with whom they have concluded contracts and enforce that right before a national court.
Domstolen besvarede de forelagte spørgsmål således:
In view of the nature of the dispute, which was between a consumer and a trader, the question submitted by the national court raised two issues, which were considered separately.
Bestemmelserne i artikel l, stk 1, samt artikel 2 og 5 i Rådets direktiv 85/577/EØF af 20. december 1985 om forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med aftaler indgået uden f or f ast forretningssted er ubetingede og tilstrækkeligt præcise bestemmelser, når det skal fastlægges, hvem der er parter i aftalen, samt hvornår der senest skal gives meddelelse om tilbagetrædelsen.
The Court merely need to note that, as was clear from the judgment of 26 February 1986 in Marshall, the case-law on the possibility of relying on directives against State entities is based on the fact that under Article 189 a directive is binding only in relation to "each Member State to which it is addressed". That case-law seeks to prevent "the State from taking advantage of its own failure to comply with Community law".
En national domstol er imidlertid ved anvendelsen af nationale retsforskrifter, hvad enten de er ældre eller yngre end direktivet, forpligtet til, i videst muligt omfang at fortolke dem i lyset af direktivets ordlyd og formal«
The effect of extending that case-law to the sphere of relations between individuals would be to recognize a power in the Community to enact obligations for individuals with immediate effect, whereas it has competence to do so only where it is empowered to adopt regulations.
Generaladvokat C. O. Lenz fremsatte forslag til afgørelse den 9. februar 1994.
Article 2 states that "consumer" means a natural person who, in transactions covered by the
Artikel 1, stk. 1 og artikel 5 i direktiv 85/577/EØF er indholdsmæssigt tilstrækkeligt præcise til at have direkte virkning i det omfang, der af disse bestemmelser kan udledes en mindstegaranti med hensyn til adgang til at træde tilbage fra en endnu ikke opfyldt kontrakt.
to individuals through failure to transpose a directive, provided that three conditions are fulfilled.
I øvrigt har medlemsstaterne i flere henseender en vis skønsfrihed ved fastsættelsen af de foranstaltninger, hvorved direktivet skal gennemføres i national ret.
First, the purpose of the directive must be to grant rights to individuals.
En ufuldstændig gennemførelse af direktivet kan medføre, at vedkommende medlemsstat pådrager sig erstatningspligt over for en borger, der kan påberåbe sig direktivets bestemmelser.
According to the Court the directive on contracts negotiated away from business premises is undeniably intended to confer rights on individuals and it is equally certain that the minimum content of those rights can be identified by reference to the provisions of the directive alone.
Efter Domstolens faste praksis kan et direktiv, der ikke er blevet gennemført, ikke have direkte virkning i forholdet mellem private indbyrdes.
The Court observed that the Member States' obligation arising from a directive to achieve the result envisaged by the directive and their duty under Article 5 of the Treaty to take all appropriate measures, whether general or particular, is binding on all the authorities of Member States, including, for matters within their jurisdiction, the courts.
Denne praksis bør af retssikkerhedshensyn fastholdes for så vidt angår allerede eksisterende forhold.
When applying national law, whether adopted before or after the directive, the national court that has to interpret that law must do so, as far as possible, in the light of the wording and the purpose of the directive so as to achieve the result it has in view and thereby comply with the third paragraph of Article 189 of the Treaty.
Det synes nødvendigt for fremtiden i forbindelse med en udvikling i retspraksis, der bygger på EØF-traktaten, og af hensyn til en ensartet, effektiv anvendelse af fællesskabsretten at anerkende, at præcise og ubetingede bestemmelser i et direktiv generelt har direkte virkning, idet dette efter gennemførelsen af det indre marked og ikrafttrædelsen af traktaten om Den Europæiske Union imødekommer den berettigede forventning hos unionsborgerne.«
Where damage has been suffered and that damage is due to a breach by the State of its obligation, it is for the national court to uphold the right of aggrieved consumers to obtain reparation in accordance with national law on liability.
Sag C-353/92 Den Hellenske Republik mod Rådet for Den Europæiske Union Landbrug
If the result prescribed by the directive cannot be achieved by way of interpretation, it should also be borne in mind that Community law requires the Member States to make good damage caused
»Annullationssøgsmål — Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 1765/92 af 30. juni 1992 om indførelse af en støtteordning for producenter afvisse markafgrøder —forpligtelse til at overholde en frist for såningen og for indgivelse af ansøgning om godtgørelse« (Domstolens plenum) frø og oliefrø, herunder proteinholdige sojabønner,
"Article 1(1), Article 2 and Article 5 of Council Directive 85/577¡EEC of 20 December 1985, concerning protection of the consumer in respect of contracts negotiated away from business premises, are unconditional and sufficiently precise as regards determination of the persons for whose benefit they were adopted and the minimum period within which notice of cancellation must be given.
Ved stævning indleveret den 10. september 1992 havde Den Hellenske Republik anlagt sag med påstand om annullation af Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 1765/92 af 20. juni 1992 om indførelse af en støtteordning for producenter af visse markafgrøder.
In the absence of measures transposing Directive 85/577 within the prescribed time-limit, consumers cannot derive from the directive itself a right of cancellation as against traders with whom they have concluded a contract or enforce such a right in a national court.
En producent skal for at få udbetalt godtgørelse senest den 15. maj forud for den pågældende høst have sået frøene og have indgivet en ansøgning.
However, when applying provisions of national law, whether adopted before or after the directive, the national court must interpret them as far as possible in the light of the wording and purpose of the directive."
Sagsøgeren, Den Hellenske Republik, gjorde
He proposed that the Court should reply as follows:
De mindre græske producenter foretager nemlig såningen af sojabønner i mellemafgrøden efter den 15. maj, da den bedste periode for såningen af sojabønner ligger mellem den 20. april og den 15. juli på grund af jordforholdene og klimaet i Den Hellenske Republik.
Artide 1(1) and Artide 5 of Directive 85/577/EEC have the precision necessary for direct applicability in so far as it is possible to infer from them a minimum guarantee as to renunciation of the effects of a contract which has not yet been performed.
I de andre medlemsstater er såningsperioden ikke så lang, og såningen af frøene sker normalt et godt stykke tid før den 15. maj.
For the rest, the directive leaves the Member States leeway in several respects as regards the measures for the transposition of the directive into national law.
Dette kan dog ikke betragtes som en ulovlig forskelsbehandling efter traktatens artikel 40, stk. 3, når reglerne er udstedt på grundlag af objektive kriterier, der er valgt for at sikre, at den fælles markedsordning som helhed fungerer tilfredsstillende.
On the basis of the case-law to date, an unimplemented directive can have effects vis-à-vis the State in so far as all public authorities, in particular, the courts, are under a duty to take all appropriate measures, whether general or particular, to ensure fulfilment of obligations arising from a directive."
Heraf sluttede Domstolen, at det ikke er udelukket, at der fastsættes en frist for såningen og for indgivelse af ansøgningen.
Shortcomings in the implementation of the directive may entail an obligation on the Member State to compensate a private individual who benefits from its provisions.
Domstolen tilføjede, at forordningen i øvrigt blot gentager den frist, som i forvejen var fastsat for produktionsåret 1992/1993 ved Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 3766/91.
In accordance with that which the Court has consistently held, an unimplemented directive cannot have direct effect in relations between private individuals.
Anbringendet om tilsidesættelse af traktatens artikel 39
That case-law should be maintained on grounds of legal certainty as regards past situations.
Endelig bemærkede Domstolen, at fristen i den anfægtede forordnings artikel 10, stk 2, ikke er uforanderlig, eftersom det foreskrives i forordningens artikel 12, stk. 1, syvende led, hvilken fremgangsmåde der skal følges for at ændre fristen i visse zoner, hvor særlige klimaforhold bevirker, at de normale datoer ikke kan anvendes.
For the future it appears necessary that the law based on the EC Treaty should develop in the interests of the uniform, effective application of Community law so as to recognize the general applicability of precise, unconditional provisions in directives in order to respond to the legitimate expectations nurtured by citizens of the Union following the achievement of the internal market and the entry into force of the Treaty on European Union.
Domstolensopfattelseberøre grundforordningens lovlighed.
Case C-353/92 Hellenic Republic ν Council of the European Union Agriculture
Endvidere fremhævede Domstolen, at artikel 39, stk. 1, litra d), vedrører sikringen af Fællesskabets forsyninger og ikke nødvendigvis, som anført af den græske regering, selvforsyningen.
(Action for annulment — Council Regulation (EEC) No 1765/92 of 30 June 1992 establishing a support system for producers of certain arable crops — Obligation to observe a final date for sowing and for lodging an application for a compensatory payment) (Full Court) invalid for inadequacy of the statement of the reasons on which it is based.
I den forbindelse bemærkede Domstolen, at den nye støtteordning havde til formål at skabe større ligevægt på markedet ved en tilnærmelse af fællesskabspriserne for visse markafgrøder til priserne på verdensmarkedet og ved en kompensation for det indkomsttab, der følger af nedsættelsen af de institutionelle priser, i kraft af, at der ydes en godtgørelse til producenter, som sår disse produkter.
By application lodged at the Court Registry on 10 September 1992, the Hellenic Republic brought an action for the annulment of Council Regulation (EEC) No 1765/92 of 30 June 1992 establishing a support system for producers of certain arable crops.
Dette formål bidrager i sig selv til en stabilisering af markederne og en sikring af forsyningerne, selv om det samtidig kan indebære en nedsættelse af EFs produktion og visse producenters indkomster.
That basic regulation introduced a system of compensatory payments for producers of cereals, protein crops and oil seeds, including soya beans.
Herom nøjedes Domstolen med at bemærke, at selv om princippet om fællesskabspræferencen er en af de faktorer, som EF-institutionerne skal tage hensyn til ved fastlæggelsen af den fælles landbrugspolitik, kommer princippet først i betragtning ved beslutningstagningen efter en afvejning af alle de økonomiske forhold, som påvirker verdenshandelen.
In this case, the eighteenth recital to the basic regulation refers expressly to the need "to determine certain conditions for applying for compensatory payments and to specify when producers shall be paid".
Under ingen omstændigheder er fællesskabspræferencen et retskrav, hvis tilsidesættelse kan gøre retsakten ugyldig.
The setting of a final date for sowing and for lodgment of the application was not therefore excluded.
Kommissionen bærer sine egne
The plea alleging an inadequate statement of reasons
Sagsøgeren betaler omkostninger«.
The plea as to breach of the principle of nondiscrimination
Generaladvokat F. G. Jacobs fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Domstolens plenum) den 9. marts 1994.
However, the basic regulation does not give any specific reasons for that exclusion.
2) Den græske regering betaler Rådets omkostninger, mens intervenienten, Kommissionen, bærer sine egne omkostninger.«
Small producers in Greece sow soya as a secondary crop after 15 May because, in view of
Disse spørgsmål var blevet rejst under en straffesag, som de italienske myndigheder havde anlagt mod Peralta vedrørende overtrædelse af lov nr. 979 af 31. december 1982 om beskyttelse af havet.
The Greek Government maintained that Article 10(2) of the basic regulation undermines two objectives of the common agricultural policy.
Tvisten i hovedsagen drejede sig om anvendelsen af en italiensk lovgivning, der handler om skibe og søfart.
the soil and climatic conditions in the Hellenic Republic, the period from 20 April to 15 July is the best for sowing soya.
Traktatens anden del indeholder et særligt afsnit, afsnit IV, om transport.
In the other Member States, the sowing period is shorter and sowing generally takes place well before 15 May.
Ifølge traktatens artikel 61 omfattes »den frie udveksling af tjenesteydelser« af bestemmelserne i afsnittet vedrørende transport.
First, soya producers who sow their land after 15 May are not assured of a fair standard of living.
En kaptajn, der er statsborger i et andet land, må ikke i det tidsrum, der fastsættes af ministeren for handelsflåden, anløbe italienske havne.
Secondly, producers are discouraged from growing soya after 15 May, so that the availability of supplies to the Community is no longer guaranteed.
Rådet har med hjemmel i artikel 84, stk. 2, vedtaget forordning (EØF) nr. 4055/86 af 22. december 1986 om anvendelse af princippet om fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser inden for søtransport mellem medlemsstaterne indbyrdes og mellem medlemsstaterne og tredjelande.
The Court pointed out that the agricultural policy requires the adoption of common rules which may affect producers differently according to the individual orientation of their production or local conditions; but they may not be regarded as constituting discrimination prohibited by Article 40(3) of the Treaty if they are based on objective rules formulated to meet the needs of the general common organization.
Skibets reder er et italiensk selskab.
Article 10(2) of the basic regulation comes within that category of rules.
Det stod fast, at Peralta ved flere lejligheder i første kvartal af 1990 gav ordre til udtømning i havet af spildevandet fra vaskning af tankene, der forinden havde indeholdt kaustisk soda, på et tidspunkt, hvor skibet befandt sig uden for det italienske territorialfarvand.
In that regard, the Court had consistently held that, in pursuing the objectives of the common agricultural policy, the Community institutions must secure the permanent harmonization made necessary by any conflicts between the various objectives set by Article 39 of the Treaty, taken individually, and, where necessary, allow any one of them temporary priority in order to satisfy the demands of the economic factors or conditions in view of which their decisions are made.
Imidlertid var det ifølge Domstolen ikke efter bestemmelserne i nævnte artikel 84 udelukket at anvende traktatens bestemmelser om transport, og søtransport er således på samme måde som andre transportgrene fortsat underkastet traktatens almindelige regler.
Moreover, that date could not be regarded as discriminatory. Since, according to the Greek authorities themselves, the best period for sowing soya beans begins on 20 April, small producers in Greece are able, like their counterparts in the other Member States, to sow their land and lodge applications for compensatory payments before 15 May.
Overholdelsen af internationale konventioner om udtømning af skadelige stoffer i havet
The Court also noted that Article 39(l)(d) seeks to ensure the availability of supplies in the Community but does not require, as the Greek Government contended, self-sufficiency.
Vedrørende en eventuelt foreliggende forskelsbehandling af skibe på grundlag af registreringslandet
The plea as to breach of the principle of Community preference
Ifølge artikel 9 i forordning nr. 4055/86 går mindstekravet til en lovgivning som den i hovedsagen omhandlede ud på, at der ikke derved sker forskelsbehandling på grundlag af nationalitet af personer, der udfører søtransport.
According to the Court, that objective itself helps to stabilize the markets and ensure availability of supplies even if there is a concomitant reduction of Community production and of income for certain producers.
For så vidt som Domstolen var blevet anmodet om at tage stilling til den italienske lovgivnings forenelighed med MARPOL-konventionen, bemærkedes alene, at Fællesskabet ikke deltager i denne konvention.
It was sufficient for the Court to note in that regard that whilst the principle of Community preference may be taken into account by Community institutions as an element in the common agricultural policy, it nevertheless cannot affect their decision until all the economic factors influendng world trade have been evaluated.
Desuden ses Fællesskabet ikke i medfør af EØF-traktaten at have overtaget beføjelser, der tidligere udøvedes af medlemsstaterne inden for denne konventions anvendelsesområde, og således ej heller at være bundet af dennes bestemmelser.
Community preference is not in any case a legal requirement the violation of which would result in the invalidity of the measure concerned.
I så henseende opfylder en lovgivning af denne art kravet om, at der ikke sker forskelsbehandling for så vidt angår den ordning, der gælder for skibe, som befinder sig i italiensk territorialfarvand og i de italienske indre farvande.
The losses of income are offset by the compensatory payments for which small soya producers in Greece may qualify.
Forbuddet mod udtømning af skadelige stoffer gælder for samtlige fartøjer, uanset hvor de er registreret, og uanset hvor de virksomheder, der driver dem, er hjemmehørende.
Furthermore, it was common ground that the Greek authorities had not made any approach to the Community authorities to vary the date provided for in Article 10(2) of the basic regulation, as allowed under certain conditions by the seventh indent of the first paragraph of Article 12.
Vedrørende muligheden for at gøre princippet om fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser på søtransportområdet gældende
Orders the applicant to pay the costs and the Commission to bear its own costs."
Endvidere kunne ifølge Domstolen anvendelsen af nationale retsregler ikke anses for at være i strid med forbuddet mod forskelsbehandling, blot fordi andre medlemsstater anvender mindre strenge bestemmelser.
Advocate General Jacobs delivered his Opinion at the sitting of the Full Court on 9 March 1994.
På baggrund heraf kunne Peralta, for så vidt som det fartøj, han fører, udfører levering af varer til andre medlemsstater, over for Italien gøre gældende, at denne medlemsstat har tilsidesat det i fællesskabsretten anerkendte princip om fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser på søtransportområdet.
(2) the Greek Government should be ordered to pay the costs of the Council; the Commission, as intervener, should bear its own costs."
den frie levering af søtransportydelser til andre medlemsstater, også selv om denne lovgivning ikke kan anses for at være et udtryk for forskelsbehandling.
Case C-379/92 Matteo Peralta Freedom of movement for persons
udtømme kemiske stoffer i havet, anvendes objektivt og uden forskel på samtlige fartøjer, det være sig fartøjer der udfører transporter inden for Italien eller fartøjer, der udfører transporter til andre medlemsstater.
Preliminary ruling (Articles 3(f), 7, 30, 48, 52, 59, 62, 84 and 130r of the EEC (Full Court) impedes the activities of national undertakings engaged in sea transport, like the undertaking employing Mr Peralta.
Den indeholder ikke forskellige befordringsforskrifter for henholdsvis produkter til eksport og produkter, der bringes på markedet i Italien.
Community law as applicable at the time of the events in question
Den hjemler heller ikke særlige fordele for det indre italienske marked, italienske transporter eller italienske produkter.
By order of 24 September 1992, received at the Court on 19 October 1992, the Pretora Circondariale di Ravenna (District Magistrate's Court, Ravenna) referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling six questions on the interpretation of Articles 3(f), 7, 30, 48, 52, 59, 62, 84 and 130r of the EEC Treaty.
Domstolen fremhævede, at den hindring for eksporten, som Peralta har påberåbt sig, ikke er en følge af en lovgivning i en medlemsstat, på hvis område en transportydelse udføres, men af lovgivningen i den medlemsstat, hvor virksomheden har ladet det fartøj, som den pågældende kaptajn fører, registrere, og hvor den er hjemmehørende, dvs. Italien.
Those questions were raised in criminal proceedings brought against Matteo Peralta by the Italian authorities for breach of Law No 979 of 31 December 1982 laying down provisions for the protection of the sea.
En lovgivning som den i sagen omhandlede italienske lovgivning, hvorefter det er forbudt at
By virtue of Article 61 of the Treaty, such particular provisions concern in particular "freedom to provide services".
Domstolen besvarede de forelagte spørgsmål således:
Professional sanctions may also be imposed.
»Artikel 3, litra f), artikel 7, 30, 48, 52, 59, 62, 84 og 130 R i EØF-traktaten samt Rådets forordning nr. 4055/86 af 22 december 1986 er ikke til hinder for, at det ved en medlemsstats lovgivning forbydes samtlige f artøjer uanset registreringsland at udtømme skadelige kemiske stoffer i medlemsstatens territorialfarvand og indre farvande, at det alene pålægges fartøjer, der fører denne medlemsstats flag, at overholde dette forbud på det åbne hav, og endelig at det for tilfælde af overtrædelser bestemmes, at kaptajner, der er statsborgere i medlemsstaten, som sanktion suspenderes fra deres stilling.«
On the basis of Article 84(2) the Council adopted Regulation (EEC) No 4055/86 of 22 December 1986 applying the prindple of freedom to provide services to maritime transport between Member States and between Member States and third countries.
Generaladvokat C. O. Lenz fremsatte forslag til afgørelse den 11. maj 1994.
Mr Peralta, an Italian national, is the master of a tanker registered in Italy which is specially equipped for the transport of chemicals.
Hans forslag gik ud på følgende:
The shipowner is a company governed by Italian law.
»1) Artikel 3, litra f), i EØF-traktaten [EF-traktatens artikel 3, litra g)], og artikel 84 og 130R i EØF-traktaten er ikke til hinder for en national bestemmelse, hvorefter det under strafansvar er forbudt i havet og også i havet uden for territorialfarvandet at udtømme skadelige stoffer.
However, Article 84 does not exclude the application of the Treaty to transport, and marine transport remains, on the same basis as the other modes of transport, subject to the general rules of the Treaty.