natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Efter en høring den 13. oktober 1987 bestræbte ARD-selskaberne sig sammen med TEC og MGM/UA Co. for at skaffe adgangsmuligheder for tredjemand.
Following a hearing held on 13 October 1987, the ARD broad casting organizations then made efforts, in negotiations with TEC and MGM/UA Co., to allow third parties access to the films.
Den 16. december 1988 blev der til slut indgået følgende aftale med TEC om TEC's film :
On 16 December 1988, the following agreement was concluded with TEC on TEC's films :
ARD-selskaberne tillader, at TEC inden for rammerne af de såkaldte »tomme felter« (»windows«) giver filmene (spillefilm, tegnefilm og fjernsynsproduktioner) i »licens« til tredjemand. Disse »tomme felter« angiver visse perioder med hensyn til enkelte film, hvor ARD-selskabernes eneret ophæves.
The ARD broadcasting organizations allow TEC, by means of so-called 'windows', to license its films (feature films, cartoons and television product) to third parties.
Den gennemsnitlige »licensperiode« svarer til et vist antal år. »Licensperioder« på over ti år er yderst sjældne og bevilges i givet fald til mellemhandlere, og kun i særlige tilfælde til fjernsynsselskaber.
The ARD broadcasting organizations do not themselves use the films during the windows and, at the same time, they allow the licensing of the films to > third parties. The average licence period is a few years. Licence periods of more than 10 years are extremely rare and are in any case granted to intermediaries and only in exceptional instances to television stations.
Aftalerne vedrører i reglen et større eller mindre antal film, og der er for en del aftalers vedkommende tale om nogle hundrede stykker.
The agreements usually relate to varying quantities of films ranging in some cases up to a few hundred.
Ifølge de oplysninger, Kommissionen råder over, er der i intet tilfælde indgået aftaler med noget fjernsynsselskab om mere end 1 000 film, og intet fjernsynsselskab har nogen sinde fået et filmproduktions- og udlejningsfirmas samlede »Library« til rådighed til udvælgelse.
However, as far as the Commission can ascertain, in no case previously has an agreement relating to more than 1 000 films been concluded with a television broadcasting organization and never has the entire library of a film production and distribution undertaking been made available for selection.
I øvrigt vedrører aftaler med fjernsynsselskaber som regel allerede eksisterende film og kun yderst sjældent nye produktioner.
Furthermore, agreements with television broadcasting organizations usually relate to films which are already available and only in extremely rare cases do they also cover new productions.
ARD-selskaberne har normalt indgået aftaler vedrø rende 200 til 300 film for en gennemsnitlig »licensperiode« på fem år.
In the past the ARD broadcasting organizations have usually concluded agreements for 200 to 300 films for an average licence period of five years.
Disse »tomme felter« varer mellem to og seks år, i undtagelsestilfælde dog otte år, og deres begyndelse og afslutning angives for hver enkelt film.
The windows amount to between two and six years, and in exceptional cases to eight years, their begin ning and end being designated with regard to each film.
De »tomme felter« er trindelte og begynder dels før (Pre-Term), dels i ARD-selskabernes udnyttelsesperiode (In-Term), som i sidstnævnte fald afbrydes.
They are staggered and begin in some cases before (Pre-Term-Window) and in some cases during (In-Term-Window) use by the ARD broad casting organizations ; in the latter case, use by the ARD broadcasting organizations in interrupted.
(31) c) På det tyske marked spiller en koncern en særlig rolle, idet den har etableret sig som mellem handler og erhverver tysksprogede fjernsynsrettigheder over hele verden, som den derefter giver i »underlicens« til fjernsynsselskaber.
(c) On the German market, particular importance attaches to a group, which has established itself as an intermediary and acquires Germanlanguage television rights throughout the world in order to sublicense them to television broad casting organizations.
I øjeblikket råder denne koncern over tysksprogede rettigheder til ca. 15 000 spillefilm og 50 000 timers fjernsynsproduktion.
At present, this group holds Germanlanguage rights in some 15 000 feature films and 50 000 hours of television product.
Heraf hidrører en væsentlig del fra de amerikanske Major Companies 20th Century Fox, Warner Bros., Paramount og Columbia, medens ca. 200 film hidrører fra MGM/UA og først kommer tilbage til MGM/UA Co. eller TEC i 1994, hvor efter de står til rådighed for ARD-selskaberne.
These include the essential parts of the libraries of the American major companies 20th Century Fox, Warner Bros, Paramount and Columbia and some 200 films of MGM/UA, which revert to MGM/UA Co. or TEC only in 1994 and will then be available to the ARD broadcasting organizations.
I de »tomme felter« kan TEC's »licenstagere« udsende filmene en gang (dvs. en udsendelse i hovedsendetiden og en genudsendelse inden to dage uden for hovedsendetiden) pr. år.
During the windows TEC's licenses may broadcast one run (i.e. one tranmission in prime time and one repeat within two days outside prime time).
ARD-selskaberne stiller i god tid inden det »tomme felt« egnede kopier af filmene til rådighed for TEC's licenstagere, så vidt muligt i tysk version.
The ARD broadcasting organizations make copies suitable for televising available to TEC's licenses in good time before the beginning of the windows and if the films are already available in German the copies are in German.
Foreligger de ikke på tysk, betaler ARD-selskaberne 50 % af synkroniseringsudgifterne, såfremt synkro
If a German version is not yet available, the ARD broadcasting organizations contribute 50 % to the necessary dubbing costs, if the dubbing is carried out in agreement with them.
(32) lejnings- og produktionsfirmaer om større mængder »licenser« og længere »licensperioder«, end det ellers er sædvanligt på verdensmarkedet, og i nogle tilfælde er det også lykkedes koncernen at opnå rettigheder til hele filmlagre eller at indgå udvælgelsesaftaler og derefter udvælge de mest attraktive film af de eksisterende lagre.
Because of its important position, the group has been able to negotiate with film production and distribution companies larger numbers of licences and longer licence periods than is otherwise usual throughout the world and has in some cases also been able to acquire rights in entire film libraries or to conclude agreements allowing it to select the most attractive films from the libraries.
Til koncernen hører adskillige film, fjernsynsproduktions- og salgsfirmaer.
The group comprises film and television production and distribution companies.
Koncernen har desuden andele i en del private fjernsynsselskaber. synsselskaber.
It also has shares in some private television broadcasting organizations.
ARD-selskaberne frigiver endvidere de fjernsyns produktioner, som de ikke selv udvælger inden for rammerne af de 416 timeenheder, som de har til rådighed, med det resultat, at TEC for så vidt uden begrænsninger kan udstede »licenser« til tredje mand.
The ARD broadcasting organizations also release the television product which they have not them selves selected from the 416 hours alloted to them, with the result that TEC can grant licences without restriction on such television product to third parties.
Oprindelig havde ARD-selskaberne ifølge aftalerne også eneret til de produktioner, som de ikke udvalgte, og muligheden for at meddele »licens« til tredjemand var således udelukket.
In this regard, the agreements had originally granted the ARD broadcasting organizations exclusivity even for the product not selected by them and had ruled out licensing to any other parties.
Med hensyn til syv navngivne fjernsynsserier har ARD-selskaberne dog fået bevilget førsteforhandlingsret.
However, in the case of seven named tele vision series, the ARD broadcasting organizations are granted a right of first negotiation.
D. Procedurens forløb og efterfølgende aftaler og erklæringer
D. Course of the proceedings and subsequent agreements and declarations
Den 22. december 1986 sendte Kommissionen aftaleparterne en meddelelse af klagepunkter, hvori
On 22 December 1986, the Commission sent the parties to the agreements a statement of objections
ARD-selskaberne tillader endvidere, at tredjemand udsender filmene i fremmedsproget version i hele aftaleområdet eller udsender dem i aftaleområdet via en sender, som befinder sig uden for aftaleområdet, hvilket oprindelig var udelukket ifølge aftalerne. lerne.
The ARD broadcasting organizations further allow third parties to broadcast the films in a foreignlanguage version throughout the entire contract area or to broadcast them into the licence territory from outside, which was not originally allowed under the agreements.
Over for MGM/UA Co., med hvem det ikke var muligt at få en aftale i stand, afgav ARD-selskaberne derimod den 3. februar 1989 følgende ensidige og uigenkaldelige erklæring : hensyntagen til virksomhedens retsform, og uanset om virksomheden arbejder med gevinst for øje eller ej.
With regard to MGM/UA Co. with which a contractual agreement could not be concluded, on 3 February 1989, the ARD broadcasting organizations gave the following unilateral irrevocable grant : whether or not it is intended to earn profits.
I overensstemmelse hermed har Domstolen udtalt, at offentligretlige fjernsynsselskaber er virksomheder efter artikel 85, stk. 1, for så vidt som de udøver virksomhed af økonomisk art, jf. dom af 30. april 1974 i sag 155/73, Sacchi (').
Accordingly, the Court of Justice ruled in Case 155/73 (') that public television broadcasting organizations are undertakings within the meaning of Article 85 (1) in so far as they exercise activities of an economic nature.
Erhvervelse af fjernsynsrettigheder må betragtes som en sådan økonomisk virksomhed.
The acquisition of television rights constitutes such an economic activity.
Der er tale om, at fjernsynsselskaberne køber en »vare« i direkte konkurrence med andre interesserede købere, i særdeleshed private fjernsynsselskaber.
What is involved is the acquisition of a good for a consideration, with the broadcasting organizations being in direct competition with other undertakings, in particular private television stations.
MGM/UA Co. bemyndiges til inden for rammerne af de såkaldte »tomme felter« at udstede »licenser« til tredjemand for alle de film, fikrmaet kontrollerer »Library-film«, »nye film«, »James Bond-film«, fjernsynsproduktioner og tegnefilm), med henblik på en udsendelse om året.
MGM/UA Co. is authorized, in respect of all the films controlled by it (library films, new films, James Bond films, television product and cartoons), to grant licences to other television broadcasting organizations for one run per year within the framework of so-called 'windows'.
De tomme felter er toårige og begynder fem år efter indledningen af ARD-selskabernes udnyttelsesperiode, for 213 »Library-film« dog 13 år efter.
The windows cover periods of two years and begin five years after first use by the ARD broadcasting organizations or, in the case of 213 library films, 13 years thereafter.
ARD-selskaberne giver i rette tid inden indledningen af det »tomme felt« MGM/UA Co.'s eventuelle »licenstagere« kopiei, som egner sig til udsendelse, så vidt muligt i tysk version.
Any MGM/UA Co. licensees receive from the ARD broadcasting organizations in good time before the beginning of the windows copies suitable for broadcasting and in so far as the German version is available the copies are in German.
Endvidere frigiver ARD-selskaberne de fjersynsproduktioner, som de indtil tidspunktet for afgivelsen af erklæringen ikke har udvalget af den eksisterende beholdning, hvilket betyder, at disse produktioner kan gives i »licens« til andre.
The question may be left open how far such a fundamental right exists at Community level and whether, as under national (German) constitutional law, it includes a duty on the part of public broad casting organizations to provide programmes and in certain circumstances protects their acquisition of programmes.
Endelig tillader de, at filmene udsendes i fremmedsproget version i aftaleområdet fra en sender, som befinder sig uden for aftaleområdet, for så vidt som dette sker i forbindelse med udsendelse af et fremmedsproget program.
At any rate, there is no indication that the application of the competition rules in this case would thwart the duty on the part of broad casting organizations to provide programmes, since they remain free to continue to conclude agree ments on the acquisition of television rights in so far as the scope and duration of the agreements are in accordance with competition law.
Heller ikke den grundlæggende rettighed, som æterfriheden repræsenterer, giver anledning til nogen anden betragtningsmåde.
In addition, the ARD broadcasting organizations release the television product which up to the time of the undertaking given by them they did not select from the available stock, with the result that it can be licensed to other parties.
Det er i denne forbindelse uden betydning, om der findes en sådan grundlæggende rettighed på fællesskabsplan, og om den ligesom i den nationale forfatningsret omfatter en programforpligtelse, som er pålagt de offentligretlige radio- og fjernsynsselskaber, og i særlige tilfælde beskytter deres anskaffelse af programmer.
Lastly, they allow the foreignlanguage broadcasting of the films into the licence territory, in so far as such broadcasting takes place within the framework of a foreignlanguage channel.
Af samme grund kan EØF-Traktatens artikel 90, stk. 2, heller ikke udelukke, at konkurrencereglerne finder anvendelse i denne sag, fordi det ikke ses, at anvendelsen af konkurrencereglerne i det foreliggende tilfælde ville hindre ARD-selskaberne i at opfylde den opgave, som er betroet dem.
Nor, for the same reason, does Article 90 (2) of the EEC Treaty stand in the way of the applicability of the competition rules because it is not apparent that in the present case application of the competition rules prevent the fulfilment of the public task of the ARD broadcasting organizations, so that Article 90 (2) is not .relevant.
Efter offentliggørelsen af det væsentlige indhold i de anmeldte aftaler har Kommissionen ikke modtaget bemærkninger fra tredjemand.
Further to the publication of a summary of the agreements notified, the Commission did not receive any observations from third parties.
Derimod har MGM/UA Co. efter offentliggørelsen henvendt sig til Kommissionen og gjort indvendiger imod fritagelsen med den begrundelse, at »tomme felter« var utilstrækkelige, samt at konkurrencebegrænsningerne ikke var fjernet.
However, MGM/UA Co. informed the Commission, following such publication, that it opposed exemption on the grounds that the windows created were insufficient and the restrictions of competition were not removed.
Aftaler mellem virksomheder
Agreements between undertakings
De foreliggende aftaler har til formål og til følge at begrænse konkurrencen.
The agreements in question have as their object and effect the restriction of competition.
Det er i denne forbindelse uden betydning, om de rettigheder, som ARD-selskaberne har fået overdraget, er licenser i retlig henseende, eller om der er tale om en tidsmæssigt og indholdsmæssigt begrænset overdragelse af en rettighed.
The question may be left open here whether the rights granted to the ARD broadcasting organizations amount to licences in the legal and technical sense, or whether what is involved is an assignment of rights for a limited period and to a limited extent.
I sidstnævnte tilfælde ligger konkurrencebegrænsningen i den omstændighed, at ARD-selskaberne til trods for overdragelsen af rettigheden ikke må meddele »underlicenser« i Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland (og med hensyn til »James Bondfilmene« heller ikke uden for Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland), hvorved deres handlefrihed begrænses, samtidig med at andre fjernsynsselskaber afskæres fra at få adgang til filmene.
If it is assumed that there is an assignment of rights, the restriction of competition lies in the fact that, despite this transfer of property, the ARD broadcasting organizations may not grant any sub licences in the Federal Republic of Germany (in the case of the James Bond films, also outside the Federal Republic of Germany) which restricts them in their freedom of action and at the time impedes other television stations from having access to the films.
Går man derimod, som parterne åbenbart selv gør det, ud fra, at det drejer sig om licenser, så følger konkurrencebegrænsningen enerettens varighed og omfang, jf. de principper, der er fast slået i Domstolens afgørelse i Coditel II-sagen (2).
If, by contrast, it is assumed, as the parties themselves seen to assume, that the agreements involve licences, then, taking into account the principles set out in the Coditel II judgement of the Court (2) the restriction of competition derives, by contrast, from the duration and the scope of the exclusivity.
Den deraf følgende »licensperiode« var hidtil ikke sædvanlig inden for branchen og går langt ud over ARD-selskabernes egen hidtidige indkøbspraksis.
In its Coditel II judgment the Court of Justice held that the granting of an exclusive right to exhibit a film (the reference here is to presentation in a cinema) was not as such a restriction of competition.
Den beror heller ikke på hensynet til programindkøb og -planlæggelse.
Such circumstances exist in this case taking the agreements as a whole.
I denne forbindelse må der navnlig tages hensyn til opdelingen af »licensperioden«, der for de sidste 130 »Library-film« først begynder pr. 1. januar 1998 og således ikke udløber før år 2013.
Account should be taken here, in particular, of the staggering of the licence period, which in the case of the last 130 library films begins only on 1 January 1998 and thus expires only in 2013.
Dette indebærer, at aftaleparterne bindes i et længere tidsrum end den egentlige licensperiode på 15 år, med det resultat, at andre tv-stationer er forhindret i at have adgang til disse film, selv førend ARD-selskabernes aktuelle »licensperiode« begynder.
This staggering means that the exclusive tie of the parties to the agreements is extended beyond the actual licence period of 15 years, with the result that other television stations are prevented from having access to some of the films, even before the actual licence period of the ARD broadcasting organizations begins.
Denne lange aftaleperiode og udvidelsen af eneretten ud over den aktuelle »licensperiode« er urimelig og lægger kunstige hindringer i vejen for andre selskaber, jf. Domstolens dom i Coditel II-sagen.
This long duration of the agreements and the extension of the exclusivity beyond the actual licence period are disproportionate within the meaning of the Coditel II judgment of the Court of Justice and result in an artificial barrier to other undertakings.
Sådanne omstændigheder eksisterer i denne sag, når aftalerne betragtes undet ét.
(a) Number and duration of the exclusive rights and duration of the selection period
Endnu en konkurrencebegrænsning følger af varig heden af udvælgelsesperioden, der igen er betinget af det store antal film, der står til udvalg.
The selection period arising from the large quantity of films is also restrictive of competition.
Den omstændighed, at MGM/UA i hele udvælgelsesperioden, dvs. mellem 1. oktober 1983 og 31. december 1986, ikke måtte indrømme »licenser« til tredjemand, bevirkede, at andre selskaber ikke kunne få adgang til de film, MGM/UA rådede over, i dette tidsrum.
The fact that, for the duration of the selection period, i.e. between 1 October 1983 and 31 December 1986, MGM/UA was not allowed to grant any licences to third parties made its entire film library unavailable to other undertakings throughout this period.
Da dette også gjaldt de film, som ARD-selskaberne senere ikke selv udvalgte, blev der lagt kunstige hindringer i vejen for andre fjernsynsselskaber. synsselskaber.
Since this also affected films which the ARD broad casting organizations did not subsequently select, an artificial barrier was created for other television stations.
b) Førsteforhandlingsretten
(b) The right of first negotiation
ARD-selskabernes førsteforhandlingsret indskrænker MGM/UA's frie valg af aftalepartnere og forringer andre selskabers forhandlingsposition.
The right of first negotiation granted to the ARD broadcasting organizations restricts MGM/UA in selecting the parties with which it concludes agree ments and adversely affects the negotiating position of other undertakings.
Dette repræsenterer en yderligere konkurrencebegrænsning, der forstærker den konkurrencebegrænsende virkning af antallet og varigheden af de af ARD-selskaberne erhvervede rettigheder.
This represents a further restriction of competition which reinforces the anti-competitive effect of the number and duration of the rights acquired by the ARD broadcasting organizations.
Påvirkning af handelen mellem medlemsstater
Effect on trade between Member
Selv om overdragelse af enerettigheder til fremføring af film ikke i sig selv kan betragtes som en konkurrencebegrænsning, må der dog tages hensyn til, at mængden af egnede spillefilm ikke kan øges efter behag, samt at overdragelse af enerettigheder af længere varighed derfor ikke bør give mulighed for at holde et stort antal film tilbage fra markedet.
Although the granting of exclusive rights to show films does not as such constitute a restriction of competition, account must be taken of the fact that the stock of suitable feature films cannot be increased at will and that therefore large quantities of films must not be withdrawn from the market as a result of long-term exclusive ties.
I den foreliggende sag er antallet af film langt større, end hvad hensynet til selskabernes programanskaffelse og programplanlægning tilsiger, og hvad der hidtil havde været ARD-selskabernes egen indkøbspraksis.
The number of films involved in this case goes well beyond the normal quantity necessitated by the needs of programme acquisition and programme planning and also well beyond the previous acquisition practice of the ARD broadcasting organizations them selves.
Ganske vist udgør de af ARD-selskaberne erhvervede film kun 4,5 % af den samlede mængde film, der er til rådighed på verdensplan. Da det imidlertid drejer sig om en udvalgt og derfor særlig attraktiv del af alle de film, der tilhører et af verdens største produktions- og udlejningsfirmaer, og da der heri indgår mange publikumssuccesser som f.eks. »James Bond filmene« eller prisbelønnede film, får disse rettigheder en betydning, der langt overstiger deres rent talmæssige betydning.
It is true that the films acquired by the ARD broadcasting organizations represent only 4,5 % of the total stock available worldwide.
I denne forbindelse må det betragtes som en skærpende omstændighed, at dette ikke blot gælder »Library-filmene«, men også hele MGM/UA's produktion af nye film, idet nyproduktioner ofte er særdeles attraktive.
A further difficulty is the fact that not only the films available in the MGM/UA library are included, but also all of MGM/UA's new productions, and new productions are often particularly attractive.
En anden omstændighed af afgørende betydning er aftalernes varighed.
The duration of the agreements is also of relevance.
Licensperiodens varighed påvirkes ifølge sagens natur af det store antal film,
The licence period is naturally influenced by the large amount of licensed films, since such a
Disse aftaler kan påvirke handelen mellem medlemsstater, da aftaleområdet går ud over Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland og også omfatter andre medlemsstater — nemlig Luxembourg og dele af Italien.
Trade between Member States is affected by these agreements, since the contract area goes beyond the Federal Republic of Germany and also covers other Member States — Luxembourg and parts of Italy.