natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Dette bekræftes især af den omstændighed, at selv om erstatningssøgsmålet i medfør af traktatens artikler 178 og 215 er en selvstændig søgsmålsform, må det dog vurderes i forhold til det samlede retlige system til beskyttelse af private, der er indført ved trak­taten.
This is confirmed in particular by the fact that, even though an action for damages under Articles 178 and 215 of the Treaty constitutes an independent action, it must nevertheless be assessed having regard to the whole of the system of legal protection of individuals set up by the Treaty.
Hvis private mener, at en generel fællesskabsretsakt har krænket deres interes­ser, har de, når gennemførelsen af retsakten påhviler nationale myndigheder, mulig­hed for ved retsaktens iværksættelse at anfægte dens gyldighed ved en national ret i form af søgsmål mod den nationale myndighed.
If an individual takes the view that he is injured by a Community legislative measure which he regards as illegal he has the opportuni­ty, when the implementation of the measure is entrusted to national authorities, to contest the validity of the measure, at the time of its implementation, before a nation­al court in an action against the national authority.
Den pågældende ret kan, eller skal i visse tilfælde i overensstemmelse med artikel 177 forelægge Domstolen spørgsmål an­gående gyldigheden af den pågældende fællesskabsretsakt.
Such a court may, or even must, in pursuance of Article 177, referto the Court of Justice a question on the validity of the Community measure in question.
Allerede denne søgsmåls­mulighed er egnet til effektivt at beskytte de pågældende privates interesser.
The existence of such an action is by itself of such a nature as to ensure the efficient protection of the individuals concerned.
Dette er af betydning i tilfælde som det foreliggende, hvor Domstolen under en præ­judiciel sag har konstateret en produktionsafgifts ulovlighed, og hvor den kompe­
These considerations are of importance where, as in these cases, the Court, within the framework of a reference for a preliminary ruling, has declared a production levy to be illegal and where the competent institution, following that finding, has abolished the levy concerned with retroactive effect.
I lyset heraf må det undersøges, om Rådet eller Kommissionen i den foreliggende sag åbenbart og groft har overskredet de grænser, de skal respektere under udøvelsen af deres skønsbeføjelser inden for rammerne af den fælles landbrugspolitik.
It is appropriate to inquire in the light of these considerations whether, in the circum­stances of these cases, there has been, on the part of the Coundl and the Commission, a grave and manifest disregard of the limits which they are required to observe in exer­cising their discretion within the framework of the common agricultural policy.
Det skal herved anføres, at Domstolen ikke har erklæret enhver produktionsafgift for isoglucose for ugyldig, men kun den anvendte beregningsmetode og det forhold, at afgiften påhvilede hele isoglucoseproduktionen.
In this respect it must be recalled that the Court did not declare invalid any isoglucose production levy but only the method of calculation adopted and the fact that the levy applied to the whole of the isoglucose production.
Da isoglucoseproduktionen bidrog til at forøge sukkeroverskuddet, kunne Rådet frit underkaste denne produktion re­striktive foranstaltninger.
Having regard to the fact that the production of isoglucose was playing a part in increasing sugar surpluses it was per­missible for the Coundl to impose restrictive measures on such production.
Selv om Domstolen ved dommen af 25. oktober 1978, der blev afsagt i en præjudiciel sag angående gyldigheden af forordning nr. 1111/77, har fastslået, at den belastning, som isoglucoseproducenterne blev pålagt i form af produktionsafgifter i medfør af denne forordning, var åbenbart ulige set i forhold til den belastning, der var pålagt sukkerproducenterne, følger det med henblik på bedømmelsen af retsaktens ulovlig­hed i forhold til traktatens artikel 215 ikke heraf, at Rådet groft og åbenbart har over­skredet grænserne for udøvelsen af sin skønsbeføjelse.
Although, in its judgment of 25 October 1978, giving a preliminary ruling within the framework of a consideration of the validity of Regulation No 1111/77, the Court found that the charges borne in pursuance ofthat regulation by isoglucose producers by way of production levy were manifestly unequal as compared with those imposed on sugar producers, it does not follow that, for the purposes of an assessment of the illegality of the measure in connexion with Article 215 of the Treaty, the Council has manifestly and gravely disregarded the limits on the exercise of its discretion.
Selv om fastsættelsen af produktionsafgiften for isoglucose til 5 RE pr. 100 kg tørstof var behæftet med fejl, må det dog ikke desto mindre bemærkes, at der, når henses til, at en passende afgift var fuldt ud berettiget, ikke var tale om fejl af en så alvorlig ka­rakter, at de sagsøgte institutioners adfærd i denne henseende kan betegnes som grænsende til vilkårlighed, og derfor af en sådan art, at den pådrager Fællesskabet ansvar uden for kontraktsforhold.
In fact, even though the fixing of the isoglucose production levy at five units of ac­count per 100 kg of dry matter was vitiated by errors, it must nevertheless be pointed out that, having regard to the fact that an appropriate levy was fully justified, these were not errors of such gravity that it may be said that the conduct of the defendant in­stitutions in this respect was verging on the arbitrary and was thus of such a kind as to involve the Community in non-contractual liability.
Det må ligeledes tages i betragtning, at forordning nr. 1111/77 blev vedtaget navnlig for at imødegå en kriseagtig situation, der var kendetegnet ved stigende overskud af sukker, og under omstændigheder, som i overensstemmelse med principperne i trak­tatens artikel 39 tillod en vis præference for sukkerroer, hvoraf der var overskudspro­duktion i Fællesskabet, mens der var et betydeligt underskud i fællesskabsproduktio­nen af majs.
It must also be recalled that Regulation No 1111/77 was adopted in particular to deal with an emergency situation characterized by growing surpluses of sugar and in cir­cumstances which, in accordance with the principles set out in Article 39 of the Trea­ty, permitted a certain preference in favour of sugar beet, Community production of which was in surplus, whilst Community production of maize was to a considerable extent deficient.
Det følger heraf, at Rådet og Kommissionen ikke har overskredet de grænser, som de skal respektere under udøvelsen af deres skønsbeføjelse inden for rammerne af den fælles landbrugspolitik, på så grov en måde, at de har pådraget Fællesskabet an­svar uden for kontraktsforhold.«
It follows from these considerations that the Council and the Commission did not dis­regard the limits which they were required to observe in the exercise of their discre­tion in the context of the common agricultural policy in such a serious manner as to incur the non-contractual liability of the Community."
Domme af 5. december 1979: — foren, sager 116 og 124/77, Amylum/Rådet og Kommissionen, Sml.
Judgments of 5 December 1979: — Joined Cases 116 and 124/77, Amylum ν Council and Commission, [1979] ECR 3497, 3560
1979, s. 3497, 3560 ff., og — sag 143/77, Koninklijke Scholten­Honig/Rådet og Kommissionen, Sml. 1979, s.3583, 3625f.
— Case 143/77, Koninklijke Scholten-Honig ν Council and Commission, [1979]
Det interne samarbejde mellem Kommissionen og de nationale organer, som skal anvende fællesskabsreglerne, kan i almindelighed ikke pådrage Fællesskabet ansvar over for private.
EEC - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS - ACTION FOR DAMAGES of the internal cooperation between the Commission and the national bodies respon­sible for applying Community regulations.
Dom af 27. marts 1980: sag 133/79, Sucrimex/'Kommissionen, Sml. 1980, s. 1299, jfr. s. 1310f.
Judgment of 27 March 1980, Case 133/79, Sucrimex ν Commhsion, [1980] ECR 1299, cf. p.
Bortset fra undtagelsestilfælde er en ukorrekt fortolkning af bestemmelser om Fæl­lesskabets ansatte ikke uden videre en tjenestefejl, som pådrager Fællesskabet ansvar.
Apart from the exceptional instance, the adoption of an incorrect interpretation of the provisions governing the European dvil service does not, of itself, constitute a wrongful act such as to involve the Community in liability.
Dom af 11. juli 1980: sag 137/79, Kohll/Kommbsionen, Sml. 1980, s. 2601, Smdrg. 2, jfr. s. 2614 (Forslag: Mayras, s.2615).
Judgment of 11 July 1980, Case 137/79, Kohll ν Commission, [1980] ECR 2601, Sum­mary, para. 2, cf. p. 2614 (Opinion: Mayras, p. 2615).
Hvilke skader kan kræves erstattet?
Damage for which compensation is payable
Dom af 31. marts 1977 : foren, sager 54­60/76, Compagnie industrielle du comté de Lo­heac/Rådet og Kommissionen, Sml. 1977, s. 645, jfr. s. 658 f.
Judgment of 31 March 1977, Joined Cases 54 to 60/76, Compagnie Industrielle du Comté de Loheac ν Coundl and Commhsion, [197η ECR 645, cf. p.659 (Opinion: Reischl, p. 661).
Ifølge sagsøgerne hidrører den påberåbte skade fra Rådets ophævelse af de restitutioner, som ellers skulle have været udbetalt til kvældemels­producenterne, såfremt disse var blevet behandlet på samme måde som producen­terne af majsstivelse.
"The origin of the damage complained of by the applicant lies in the abolition by the Coundl of the refunds which would have been paid to the quellmehl producers if equality of treatment with the producers of maize and starch had been observed.
Det er derfor størrelsen af disse restitutioner, der efter sagsøger­nes opfattelse bør danne grundlag for beregningen af det lidte tab.
Hence, the amount of those refunds must provide a yardstick for the assessment of the damage suffered.
Over for denne metode til tabets beregning har Rådet og Kommissionen indvendt, at gritzproducenterne har udlignet, eller kunne have udlignet, tabet ved at overvælte byrderne som følge af restitutionernes bortfald på deres salgspriser.
The Coundl and the Commission objected to that method of calculating the damage on the ground that the quellmehl producers eliminated the damage, or could have done so, by passing on the loss resulting from the abolition of the refunds in their sell­ing prices.
En sådan ind­vending kan principielt ikke uden videre afvises inden for rammerne af en erstat­ningssag.
In principle, in the context of an action for damages, such an objection may not be dismissed as unfounded.
Såfremt restitutionerne faktisk er overvæltet, eller har kunnet overvæltes, på priserne, må det erkendes, at tabet ikke kan beregnes på grundlag af de ikke­udbe­talte restitutioner.
In fact, it must be admitted that if the loss from the abolition of the refunds has actually been passed on, or could have been passed on, in the prices the damage may not be measured by reference to the refunds not paid.
Her træder forhøjelsen af priserne i stedet for restitutionerne og holder producenten skadesløs.
In that case the price increase would take the place of the refunds, thus compen­sating the producer.
På grundlag af de af parterne fremlagte statistiske oplysninger og de af dem anførte argumenter er det ikke muligt at antage, at sagsøgerne faktisk har, eller ville have kunnet overvælte byrderne som følge af ophævelsen af restitutionerne på salgspriser­ne.
The statistical data and the arguments put forward by the parties do not permit the conclusion to be drawn that the applicant actually passed on, or could have passed on, the loss resulting from the abolition of the refunds in its selling prices.
Heraf følger, at det tab, der bør erstattes sagsøgerne, skal beregnes således, at det sva­rer til de restitutioner, som ville være blevet udbetalt dem, såfremt anvendelsen af majs til fremstilling af kvældemel til brødfremstilling i perioden fra 1. august 1974 til 19. oktober 1977 havde givet ret til de samme restitutioner som anvendelsen af majs til fremstilling af stivelse.«
It follows that the loss for which the applicant must be compensated has to be calcu­lated on the basis of its being equivalent to the refunds which would have been paid to it if, during the period from 1 August 1974 to 19 October 1977, the use of maize for the manufacture of quellmehl intended for use in the bakery industry had conferred a right to the same refunds as the use of maize for the manufacture of starch."
3. »Sagsøgerne har desuden påstået Fællesskabet tilpligtet at svare renter 6% fra den 1. december 1977, fra hvilken dato Fællesskabet ifølge sagsøgerne var pligtig at er­lægge de ikke­udbetalte restitutioner.
"The applicant further claims that the Community should be ordered to pay inter­est at the rate of 6% from 1 December 1977, the date on which the Community's lia­bility for the unpaid refunds arose.
Et krav, som her omhandlet, der er gjort gældende i forbindelse med Fællesskabets ansvar uden for kontraktsforhold efter artikel 215, stk. 2, må vurderes på grundlag af de retsgrundsætninger, der er fælles for medlemsstaternes retssystemer, og som artik­len henviser til.
As it is a question of a claim made in relation to the non­contractual liability of the Community, pursuant to the second paragraph of Article 215, it must be considered in the light of the principles common to the legal systems of the Member States, to which that provision refers.
Disse retssystemer anerkender i almindelighed rentekrav.
It follows that a claim for interest is in general admissible.
Under hen­syntagen til de kriterier, Domstolen har lagt til grund for tabets beregning, opstår for­pligtelsen til betaling af renter den dag, nærværende dom afsiges, i det omfang dom­men statuerer pligt til erstatning afskaden.
Taking into account the criteria for the assessment of damages laid down by the Court, the obligation to pay interest arises on the date of this judgment, in that it es­tablishes the obligation to make good the damage.
Rentesatsen er herved at fastsætte til 6%.«
The rate of interest which it is prop­er to apply is 6%."
Dom af 4. oktober 1979: sag 238/78, Ireks­Arkady/Rådet og Kommbsionen, Sml. 1979, s. 2955, 2975 (Forslag: Capotorti, s. 2976).
Judgment of 4 October 1979, Case 238/78, Ireks­Arkady ν Council and Commission, [1979] ECR 2955, 2975 (Opinion: Capotorti, p. 2976).
For to møllerier i Nordfrankrig anføres det, at disse yderligere tab navnlig består i en væsentlig tilbagegang i salget af gritz til bryggerierne.
In the case of the two maize processors established in the north of France, the further damage lies particularly in a substantial fall in their sales to breweries.
Denne tilbagegang fremgår ganske vist klart af de tal, sagsøgerne har fremlagt, men den kan ikke tilskrives de manglende restitutioner.
Although it is beyond dispute that the figures submitted by the applicants clearly show such a fall, that fact can hardly be ascribed to the absence of refunds.
Som fastslået ovenfor, har sagsøgerne nemlig understreget, at salgspriserne på gritz ikke blev forhøjet på grund af restitutionernes bortfald.
In fact, as has already been said, the applicants have insisted on the fact that the selling prices of gritz were not increased on account of the abolition of the refunds.
Tværtimod valgte gritzproducenterne, som Domstolen konstaterede i forbindelse med undersøgelsen af prisudviklingen, at sælge med tab for at bevare deres markeder fremfor at forhøje priserne med den risiko, dette indebar for at miste dem.
On the contrary, as the Court recognized when examining the development of the prices, the gritz producers chose to sell at a loss in order to retain their markets, and not to increase their prices at the risk of losing those markets.
Uligheden mellem gritz og stivelse i henseende til ydelse af restitutioner afspejlede sig altså ikke i salgspriserne.
Thus the inequality which existed between gritz and starch as regards the granting of refunds was not reflected in the selling prices.
Når gritzproducenterne trods deres forretningspolitik har haft mindre afsætning, må granden hertil søges i andet end den ulighed, der opstod ved restitu­tionernes bortfald.
If in spite ofthat commerdal policy the gritz producers' sales fell, the reason for this must be sought in something other than the inequality caused by the abolition of the re­funds.
For visse andre sagsøgeres vedkommende anføres det, at de yderligere tab er af en anden karakter.
In the case of certain other applicants the further damage alleged is of a different na­ture.
To virksomheder har været nødsaget til at lukke deres fabrikker og en tredje til at standse sine betalinger.
Two undertakings were forced to close their factories and a third had to com­mence insolvency proceedings.
Rådet har gjort gældende, at disse virksomhe­ders vanskeligheder skyldes særlige forhold i den enkelte virksomhed, såsom foræl­dede produktionsanlæg eller ledelses­ og finansieringsproblemer.
The Council argued that the origin of the difficulties experienced by those untertakings is to be found in the drcumstances peculiar to each of them, such as the obsolescence of their plant and managerial or financial problems.
På grundlag af de oplysninger, parterne har fremlagt under sagen, kan de egentlige årsager til de påstå­ede yderligere tab ikke påvises.
The data supplied by the parties on that question in the course of the pro­ceedings are not such as to establish the true causes of the further damage alleged.
Selv om det antages, at restitutionernes bortfald har bidraget til at aktualisere disse sagsøgeres vanskeligheder, må det imidlertid konstate­res, at disse vanskeligheder ikke er en så direkte følge af Rådets retsstridige adfærd, at Fællesskabet er erstatningspligtig.
However, it is sufficient to state that even if it were assumed that the abolition of the refunds exacerbated the difficulties encountered by those applicants, those difficul­ties would not be a suffidently direct consequence of the unlawful conduct of the Council to render the Community liable to make good the damage.
Hvor der er tale om offentlige myndigheders ansvar uden for konstraktsforhold som følge af generelle retsakter, kan de retsgrund­sætninger, der er fælles for medlemsstaternes retssystemer, og som EØF­traktatens ar­tikel 215, stk. 2, henviser til, ikke påberåbes til støtte for en forpligtelse til at genop­rette enhver, nok så fjern, skadelig følge af en retsstridig retsforskrift.
In the field of non­contractual liability of public authorities for legislative measures, the principles common to the laws of the Member States to which the second paragraph of Article 215 of the EEC Treaty refers cannot be relied on to deduce an obligation to make good every harmful consequence, even a remote one, of unlawful legislation.
Påstandene om erstatning for de påståede yderligere tab kan derfor ikke tages til følge.«
It follows that the claims for compensation for the further damage alleged cannot be upheld."
Dom af 4. oktober 1979: foren, sager 64 og 113/76, 167 og 239/78, 27, 28 og 45/79, Dumortier fréres/Rådet, Sml. 1979, s. 3091, 3116f. (Forslag: Capotorti, s. 2976).
Judgment of 4 October 1979, Joined Cases 64 and 113/76,167 and 239/78, 27,28 and 45/79, Dumortier Frères ν Council, [1979] ECR 3091, 3116 (Opinion: Capotorti, p. 2976).
Jfr. tilsvarende: Dom af 4. oktober 1979: foren, sager 241, 242, 245­250/78, DGV/Rådet og Kommb­sionen, Sml. 1979, s. 3017,3040 f. (Forslag: Capotorti, s. 2976).
See also: Judgment of 4 October 1979, Joined Cases 241, 242, 245 to 250/78, DGV ν Council and Commission, [1979] ECR 3017, 3040 (Opinion: Capotorti, p. 2976).
EØF ­ DOMSTOLSKONTROLLEN ­ RETSSTRIDIGHEDSINDSIGELSE
EEC ­ LEGAL PROCEEDINGS ­ OBJECTION OF ILLEGALITY
Retsstridighedsindsigelse
Objection of illegality
Akter, overfor hvilke retsstridighedsindsigelse kan rejses 2.
Measures against which an objection of illegality may be raised 2.
Sager, under hvilke retsstridighedsindsigelsen kan gøres gældende
Proceedings in which an objection of illegality may be raised
Udsendebe l/mans 1983
¡ssue 1/March 1983
»Som Domstolen allerede har udtalt ... i forbindelse med EKSF­traktatens arti­kel 36, er EØF­traktatens artikel 184 udtryk for et almindeligt princip, hvorefter hver part i en retssag, med henblik på at opnå annullation af en beslutning, som berører ham umiddelbart og individuelt, er berettiget til at anfægte gyldigheden af tidligere retsakter fra institutionerne, som er hjemmel for den anfægtede beslutning, også selv om parten ikke var beføjet til i medfør af traktatens artikel 173 at anlægge direkte søgsmål mod de nævnte retsakter, hvis retsvirkninger parten således er omfattet af, uden at have været i stand til at anlægge sag om ophævelse af dem.«
"As the Court ... has already held in connexion with Article 36 of the ECSC Treaty, Article 184 of the EEC Treaty gives expression to a general prindple confer­ring upon any party to proceedings the right to challenge, for the purpose of obtaining the annulment of a decision of direct and individual concern to that party, the validi­ty of previous acts of the institutions which form the legal basis of the dedsion which is being attacked, if that party was not entitled under Article 173 of the Treaty to bring a direct action challenging those acts by which it was thus affected without hav­ing been in a position to ask that they be declared void."
Dom af 6. marts 1979: sag 92/78, Simmenthal/Kommbsionen, Sml. 1979, s. 777, 800 (Forslag: Reischl, s. 813).
Judgment of 6 March 1979, Case 92/78, Simmenthal ν Commission, [1979] ECR 777, 800 (Opinion: Reischl, p. 813).
EØF ­ DOMSTOLSKONTROLLEN ­ RETSSTRIDIGHEDSINDSIGELSE
EEC - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS - OBJECTION OF ILLEGALITY
Akter, over for hvilke retsstridighedsindsigelse kan rejses
Measures against which an objection of illegality may be raised
1. »...indsigelsen i traktatens artikel 184 [er] ifølge bestemmelsens ordlyd begrænset til retstvister, der angår en af Rådets eller Kommissionens forordninger, og kan over­hovedet ikke påberåbes af den medlemsstat, som en konkret beslutning retter sig til, [til anfægtelse af beslutningens gyldighed].«
1. "...the objection provided for in Article 184 of the Treaty is limited under that provision to proceedings 'in which a regulation of the Coundl or of the Commission is in issue' and can in no case be invoked by a Member State to whom an individual dedsion has been addressed [in order to challenge that dedsion]."
Denne vide fortolkning af artikel 184 skyldes nødvendigheden af at sikre en legali­tetskontrol for de retssubjekter, der ved stykke 2 i artikel 173 er udelukket fra at ind­lede et direkte søgsmål mod generelle retsakter, når de berøres af gennemførelsesbe­slutninger, som vedrører dem direkte og individuelt.
This wide interpretation of Article 184 derives from the need to provide those persons who are precluded by the second paragraph of Article 173 from instituting proceed­ings directly in respect of general measures with the benefit of a judicial review of them at the time when they are affected by implementing dedsions which are of di­rect and individual concern to them.
Dom af 6. marts 1979: sag 92/78, Simmenthal/'Kommissionen, Sml.
Judgment of 6 March 1979, Case 92/78, Simmenthal ν Commhsion, [1979] ECR 777, cf. p.
1979, s. 777, jfr. s. 800 (Forslag: Reischl, s. 813).
800 (Opinion: Reischl, p. 813).
Det [ville] være uforeneligt med principperne for traktatens søgsmålsordning og skade denne ordnings fasthed og det retssikkerhedsprincip, som den hviler på, så­fremt en medlemsstat, som er adressat for en beslutning i henhold til artikel 93, stk. 2, 1. afsnit, kunne anfægte beslutningens gyldighed under et søgsmål efter bestemmel­sens andet afsnit, selv om den i traktatens artikel 173, stk. 3, fastsatte frist er udløbet.«
... to permit a Member State to whom a decision adopted under the first subpara­graph of Article 93 (2) has been addressed to call in issue the validity of that decision when an application referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 93 (2) has been lodged, in spite of the expiry of the period laid down in the third paragraph of Article 173 of the Treaty, would be impossible to reconcile with the principles governing the legal remedies established by the Treaty and would jeopardize the stability ofthat sys­tem and the principle of legal certainty upon which it is based."