natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
A — Arbejdet ved Domstolen I — Kronologisk oversigt over afsagte domme II — Statistiske oplysninger
ILJ chronologicallist of iudgments delivered Statisticalinformarion
C — Statistiske oplysninger om de to retsinstanser i 1990
CC statistics relating to the two courts in 1990
D — Nationale domstoles arbejde vedrørende fællesskabsretten
Decisions of national courts on comrnunity law r37
A — Oversigt over retsåret 1990
Review of the 1990 judicial year
I — Domstolens sammensætning efter rangfølge pr. 7. oktober 1990 II — Domstolens medlemmer III — Afdelingernes sammensætning pr. 7. oktober 1990 . .
Composition of the Chambers from 7 October 1990Changes in the composition of the Court during 1990
Domstolens administration (ved assisterende justitssekretær Tho­mas Cranfield) — Stillingsbetegnelser — Budgettet — Domstolens administration i 1990 — Edb — Samling af afgørelser — Bygningssituationen — Forkortet organisationsplan
The administrative departments of the Court Staf{ numbers The budget Adrninistrative aspects of the Court's activities in 1990Data processing Reports of" Cases before the Court Office accommodation Abridged organization chart t1t1
A — Oversigt over retsåret 1990
Review of the1990 judicial year
De Europæiske Fællesskabers Domstol har i 1990 afsagt 193 domme, heraf 73 i direkte søgsmål, 113 i præjudicielle sager og 7 i tjenestemandssager.
During 1990, the Court of Justice of the European Communities delivered193 judgments, 73 of which related to direct actions, 113 to references for apreliminary ruling and sevento cases involving Community officials.
Domstolens præsident eller afdelingsformændene afsagde kendelse vedrørende 12 begæringer om foreløbige forholdsregler.
The President of the Court or the Presidents of Chambers were also required todecide on 12 applications for interim measures.
Disse domme blev, for så vidt angår direkte søgsmål, i gennemsnit afsagt 25 Vi måned efter stævningens indlevering og, for så vidt angår præjudicielle sager, 17 Ά måned efter at forelæggelseskendelsen var indgået.
In the case of direct actions, these judgments were delivered on average25.5 months following the introduction of the application,and 17.4 monthsfollowing receipt of the order of reference in the case of references for apreliminary ruling.
I tjenestemandssager var sagsbehandlingstiden ca. 25 måneder.
The duration of proceedings in cases involving Communityofficials was approximately 25 months.
I alt 302 sager blev afsluttet, hovedparten heraf (227) ved dom og resten (75) ved kendelse, hvormed sagen afsluttedes.
A total of 302 cases were decided, the majority (221)by way of judgment and theremainder (75) by way of an order terminating the proceedings.
Ved udgangen af 1990 verserede 583 sager for Domstolen.
At the end of 1990, cases pending before the Court totalled 583.
Udviklingen i sagsmængden for Domstolen
The trend in cases brought before the Court
I 1990 blev der indbragt 384 nye sager for Domstolen, herunder 222 direkte søgsmål, 141 præjudicielle sager, 16 appelsager vedrørende afgørelser, afsagt af Retten i Første Instans, og 5 sager, der behandledes i særlige rettergangsformer.
In 1990, 384 new cases were brought before the Court of Justice; these consisted of222 direct actions, 141 references for a preliminary ruling, 16 appeais broughtagainst decisions of the Court of First Instance, and five sets of special proceedings.
Denne stabilitet i sagsmængden (i 1989 indbragtes 385 nye sager) er imidlertid kun tilsyneladende.
This quantitativestability (385 new cases brought in 1989), however, is onlysuperficial.
Såfremt man navnlig betragter direkte søgsmål (205 i 1989) og præjudicielle sager (139 i 1989), er der fortsat tale om en stigende tendens i Domstolens arbejdsbyrde, da blandt andet tjenestemandssagerne nu henhører under Rettens kompetence.
If account is taken,in particular, of direct actions (205 in 1989) andreferences for a preliminary ruling (139 in 1989),and of the fact that staff cases,inter qlia, now come under the jurisdiction of the Court of First Instance, therehas been no real chansein the rate of increasein the Court's workload.
Udviklingen i retspraksis
Generalpattern of the case-law
Domstolen har i 1990 haft lejlighed til at behandle næsten alle de områder, som fællesskabsretten omhandler.
The Court was required in 1990 to deliver decisions on practically all aspects of Communitv law.
Landbrugsområdet har med 51 afsagte domme været det kvantitativt vigtigste virkefelt, fulgt af frie varebevægelser (36 domme), fri bevægelighed for personer
In terms of quantity, agriculture,with 51 judgments, was the most significant areaof activity, followed by the free movement of goods (36 judgments), the free
hvorimod en kvinde i samme situation er berettiget til øjeblikkelig alderspension, når dette skyldes anvendelsen af en kønsbetinget aldersgrænse, der svarer til en lovbestemt aldersgrænse i den nationale alderspensionsordning.
movement of persons (27 judgments), taxation (13 judgments), common commercial policy (12 judgments), social policy (l I judgments), the environment(9 judgments) and State aid (8 judgments).
Inden for samme område, men denne gang på foranledning af Nederlandenes Hoge Raad og i forbindelse med en arbejdsgivers afvisning af at ansætte en gravid kvinde, udtalte Domstolen sig om rækkevidden af princippet om ligebehandling i artikel 2 og 3 i direktiv 76/207/EØF.
In addition to the above, the areas of the law governing the institutions(4 judgments), company law (3 judgments) and external relations (2 judgments)also provided the Court in 1990 with an opportunity to resolve questions of aconstitutional nature and of major economic importance which enabled it tocontinue to play a constructive role in the process of Europeanintegration. integration.
Domstolen fastslog således i Dekker-dommen af 8. november 1990 (C-177/88), at en arbejdsgiver direkte handler i strid med dette princip, når han nægter at indgå en ansættelseskontrakt med en ansøger, som han har fundet egnet til at udøve det pågældende arbejde, når denne nægtelse af ansættelse skyldes de mulige, for arbejdsgiveren skadelige virkninger af ansættelsen.
Thus, in the area of agriculture,mention ought to be made of the judgments of I Il)ecember 1990in CasesC-189189(Spagt)and C-217189(Pastätter)de,liveredlirllort'ing ref'erences {clr preliminary rulings by the Finanzgericht (Finance Court),Munich.
Et præjudicielt spørgsmål forelagt af Tribunal administratif de Papeete -vedrørende fortolkningen af Rådets afgørelse 86/283 om de oversøiske landes og territoriers associering med Det Europæiske Økonomiske Fællesskab - - gav Domstolen lejlighed til at beskrive rækkevidden af sine egne beføjelser.
Initsdecisions,lhe Courtannulled several provisions of Council Regulation No 857/84/EEC and thereby removed the restrictions on milkproduction which had been imposed, following the introduction of the system ofaddrrional milk levies,on producers involved in the earlier scheme of premiumsfbr non-marketing or conversion, by reasonprecisely of their undertakings in that regard.
I dommen af 12. december 1990, Kaefer-Procacci (C-100/89 og C-101/89) fastslog Domstolen, at den var kompetent til at behandle det spørgsmål, som den polynesiske ret havde forelagt, og afviste således den modsatte opfattelse, der var fremført af den britiske regering.
A reference for a preliminary ruling by the Cour de cassation (Court of Cassation)of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg gave the Court of Justice an opportunity to highlight the close connectionsbetween free movement of goods and theprotcctionof and provisionof informationto the consumer.
Det Forenede Kongerige anførte nemlig i sit skriftlige indlæg, at sondringen i EØF-Traktatens artikel 227 mellem henholdsvis oversøiske departementer og oversøiske lande og territorier medfører, at Traktatens Fjerde Del må anses for en særordning for de oversøiske lande og territorier, således at Traktatens øvrige bestemmelser ikke finder anvendelse, medmindre der udtrykkeligt er henvist til dem; den britiske regering gjorde på dette grundlag gældende, at artikel 177 ikke kunne finde anvendelse i de oversøiske lande og territorier.
The question in that case related to a complaint by a company which operatedsupermarkets in Belgium and which had been prohibited by a Luxembourg Courtfrom distributingwithin the Grand Duchy publicity leaflets,on the ground thatsuch leailets contained offers for sale at reduced prices with a reference to theprevious price, somethingwhich was legal in Belgium but which contravened Luxembourg legislation on unfair competition.
På det institutionelle område har Domstolen således endnu ren gang sikret, at der er sket en tilpasning af dette retsområde til de ændrede omstændigheder.
In its judgment of 7 March 1990 in Case C-362188 (GB-INNO), the Court heldthat, since Community law on consumer protection treated the access of consumers to information as one of its primary requirements, Article 30 of the EECTreaty could not be interpreted as meaning that national legislation which deniedconsumers access to certain information could bejustified by mandatory require- ments relating to consumerprotection. protection.
Domstolen er således på et tidspunkt, hvor Fællesskabet overvejer en Politisk Union og har til hensigt at styrke de europæiske institutioners demokratiske legitimitet, gået foran ved i dommen af 22. maj 1990, Europa-Parlamentet mod Rådet (C-70/88), til trods for Rom-Traktatens tavshed herom at have anerkendt, at Europa-Parlamentet kan anfægte de øvrige institutioners retsakter for at sikre, at Parlamentets beføjelser overholdes.
In the area of social policy, the judgment of 17 May 1990 in Case C-262188(Barber) resolved doubts as to the application of Article 119 of the EEC Treaty topensions paid by private occupational pension funds, as well as doubts on theadmissibility of exceptionsto the principle of equal treatment of male and femaleworkers in this area.
I dommen af 19. juni 1990, Factortame (C-213/89), der også angår reglerne om institutionerne, tilføjede Domstolen et nyt element til sin praksis vedrørende fællesskabsrettens forrang.
In its ruling on questionsreferred by the Court of Appeal in London,the Court of Justice held that the compensationgranted to a worker on being declaredredundant, as well as the pensions paid by private pension funds, came within the t4
I denne dom fastslog Domstolen nemlig, at afskærer en national retsregel den retsinstans, der behandler en sag vedrørende fællesskabsretten, fra at anordne foreløbige forholdsregler med henblik på at sikre den fulde virkning af den afgørelse, den skal træffe med hensyn til, om der består rettigheder, der kan gøres gældende i henhold til fællesskabsretten, er den nationale ret forpligtet til at undlade at anvende en sådan regel.
In the same area, but this time on request from the Hoge Raad der Nederlanden(Supreme Court of the Netherlands) and in respect of the refusal by an employer to engage a pregnant woman, the Court was called on to deliver a ruling on thescope of the principle of equal treatment set out in Articles 2 and 3 of Directive76t207 1EEC.
Dommens betydning skal ses på baggrund af, at anledningen var en række præjudicielle spørgsmål, forelagt af House of Lords, og at de britiske domstole i henhold til en gammel »common law«-regel, hvorefter der ikke kan anordnes foreløbige forholdsregler mod det offentlige, ikke har beføjelse til at sætte en af det britiske Parlament vedtaget lov ud af kraft — hvilket hovedsagen drejede sig om — selv om den hævdes at være uforenelig med fællesskabsretten.
Thus, in its judgment of 8 November 1990 in Case C-177 88 {Dekker)the Courtruled that an employer was in direct contraventionof that principle if he refused to enter into a contract of employment with a candidatewhom he had decidedwas suitable for the post in question, where such refusal was based on the possibleadverse consequences which such an engagement might entail for him.
Endelig skal der i forbindelse med denne korte gennemgang af Domstolens praksis omtales to kendelser, som Domstolens præsident afsagde henholdsvis den 28. juni og den 12. juli 1990 i forbindelse med en sag, som Kommissionen havde anlagt for at få fastslået, at Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland havde tilsidesat sine fællesskabsretlige forpligtelser ved — ved lov af 30. april 1990 om en afgift for kørsel på forbundsveje — at indføre foranstaltninger, der diskriminerede andre medlemsstaters transportvirksomheder.
A preliminary reference from the Tribunal administratif (Administrative Court),Papeete, on the interpretation of Council Decision861283_BAR_EEC on the associationof overseas countries and territories with the EEC presented the Court with anopportunity to definethe scope of its own jurisdiction.
Domstolens præsident konstaterede, at der var fare for alvorlige og uoprettelige tab, såfremt loven af 30. april trådte i kraft, hvilke skulle ske den 1. juli 1990, for andre medlemsstaters transportvirksomheder og for udviklingen af en fælles transportpolitik, hvorfor han ved kendelserne pålagde Forbundsrepublikken i afventen af dommen i hovedsagen at udsætte opkrævningen af den i loven indeholdte vejafgift, for så vidt angår køretøjer registreret i andre medlemsstater. ter.
In its written observations,the United Kingdom had contendedthat the distinction drawn in Article 227 of the EEC Treaty between overseas departments andoverseas countries and territories meant that Part Four of the Treaty constituted alex specialis applicable to the overseas countries and territories,to the exclusion ofthe other terms of the Treaty, except to the extent that such provisions wereexpressly referred to, and it concludedthat Article 177 did not apply to overseascountriesand territories.
Den tyske lov af 30. april 1990 er endnu ikke trådt i kraft.
In the area of the law governing the institutions, the Court once against ensured theadaptation of that law to changingcircumstances. circumstances.
1. række, fra venstre til højre: Dommer Manuel Diez de Velasco; Dommer José Carlos Moitinho de Almeida; Dommer Federico Mancini; Retspræsident Ole Due; Dommer Francis O'Higgins; Dommer Gil Carlos Rodriguez Iglesias; Generaladvokat Francis Jacobs
The importance of this ruling must be considered by bearingin mind that thequestions in the original preliminary reference were referredby the House of Lords and that, pursuant to theold common law rule that a measure could not beordered against the Crown, United Kingdom courts did not have the power toorder the suspension, as was the case in the main proceedings, of a statute passedby Parliament,even on the basis of its allegedinconsistency with Communitylaw.
2. række, fra venstre til højre: Dommer Fernand Schockweiler; Dommer René Joliet; Generaladvokat Marco Darmon; Generaladvokat Carl Otto Lenz; Dommer Constantinos Kakouris; Dommer Sir Gordon Slynn
Finally, this short analysisof the case-law of the Court could not end without areference to the two orders of the President of the Court of 28 June and 12 July1990, delivered in the courseof an action brought by the Commission of the European Communities seekinga declaration that the Federal Republic of Germany , in adopting,by way of the Law of 30 April 1990 on charges for the useof federal roads and motorways by heavy goods vehicles, measures whichdiscriminated against transporters from other Member States, had failed to fulfilits obligations under Community law.
3. række, fra venstre til højre: Justitssekretær Jean­Guy Giraud; Dommer Paul Kapteyn; Generaladvokat Giuseppe Tesauro; Generaladvokat Walter Van Gerven; Dommer Manfred Zuleeg; Dommer Fernand Grevisse; Generaladvokat Jean Mischo
In those orders, the President of the Court noted that the entry into force of the Law of 30 April, scheduled for I July 1990, gave rise to the risk of serious andirreparable damage for transporters from other Member States and for thedevelopment of the common transport policy, and he accordingly ordered the Federal Republic of Germany to suspendcollection of the road tax provided forby that law, in respect of vehicles registered in other Member States, until suchtime as the judgment in the main proceedings had beendelivered. delivered.
I — Domstolens sammensætning efter rangfølge pr. 7. oktober 1990 ')
Order of precedence in the Court of Justice from 7 October1gg0'
Præsident Ole Due Formand for Sjette Afdeling Federico Mancini Formand for Anden Afdeling Thomas Francis O'Higgins Formand for Tredje og Femte Afdeling José Carlos Moitinho de Almeida Formand for Første Afdeling Gil Carlos Rodríguez Iglesias Formand for Fjerde Afdeling Manuel Diez de Velasco Førstegeneraladvokat Francis Jacobs Dommer Sir Gordon Slynn Dommer Constantinos Kakouris Generaladvokat Carl Otto Lenz Generaladvokat Marco Darmon Dommer René Joliet Dommer Fernand Schockweiler Generaladvokat Jean Mischo Dommer Fernand Grévisse Dommer Manfred Zuleeg Generaladvokat Walter Van Gerven Generaladvokat Giuseppe Tesauro Dommer Paul Kapteyn Justitssekretær Jean-Guy Giraud
Gil Carlos Rodriguez Iglesias, President of the First Chamber Manuel Diez de Velasco, President of the Fourth Chamber Francis.Iacobs, First Advocate General
') Med hensyn til Domstolens tidligere sammensætning efter rangfølge, dvs. for retsåret 7. oktober 1989 til 6. oktober 1990, henvises til »Oversigt over Arbejdet ved De Europæiske Fællesskabers Domstol og Ret i Første Instans i 1988 og 1989«, s. 143.
Paul Kapteyn, Judge Jean-GuyGiraud, Registrar iForthepreviousorderofprecedence,i.e.forthejudicialyearfromTOctoberlgsgto6Octoberlgg0, see the Syzopsrsof the work oJ'the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance in 1988 and 1989, atp.141.
II — Domstolens medlemmer (efter rangfølge)
The Members of the Court of Justice(in order of precedence)
Født den 10.2.1931; afdelingschef i Justitsministeriet; konstitueret landsdommer; medlem af den danske delegation til Haager-konfe-rencen om international privatret; dommer ved Domstolen siden den 7.10.1979, præsident for Domstolen siden den 7.10.1988
Born10 trebruary 1931; Director at the Ministryof Justice; Adviserad interim Lo the Court of Appeal; Member of the Danish deiegationto The Hague Conference on Private International Law; Judge atthe Ccrurt of Justice since 7 October 1979, President of the Court of Justice since 7 October 1988.
Født den 23.7.1916; Senior Counsel; medlem af Dail Eireann; sundhedsminister; præsidentkandidat; dommer ved High Court; Chief Justice of Ireland; dommer ved Domstolen siden den 16.1.1985
Minister fbr Heaith; presidential candidate ; Judge of the High Cr:urt; Chief Justise of lreland; Judge at the Court of Justice since
Født den 17.3.1936; Anklagemyndighedens repræsentant ved Appelretten i Lissabon; kabinetschef hos justitsministeren; stedfortræder for rigsadvokaten; kabinetschef for Afdelingen for Fællesskabsret; professor i fællesskabsret (Lissabon); dommer ved Domstolen siden den 31.1.1986
Born 17 March i936, Public Prosecutor's 0ffice, Court of Appeal,Lisbon; Chief Executive Assistant to the Minister for Justice;Deputy Public Prosecutor; Heacl of the European Law Office;Professor of Community law (Lisbon); Judge at the Court of Justicesince 3tr Januarv 1986.
Født den 26.5.1946; lektor, derefter professor (universiteterne i Oviedo og Freiburg, Brisgau, Det Frie Universitet i Madrid, Com-plutence-Universitetet i Madrid og Universitetet i Granada); bestyrer af Institut for Folkeret (Granada); dommer ved Domstolen siden den 31.1.1986
Born 26 May1946; Assistant Lecturer and Professor(Universitiesof Oviedo and F-reiburg im Breisgau, Universidad Autönoma of Madrid. Universidad Complutense Madrid and University of Granada); Professor of Public lnternational Law (Granada); Judge atthe Court of Justice since 31 Januarv 1986.
Født den 22.5.1926; tidligere professor i folkeret og i international privatret ved universiteterne i Granada, Barcelona og Det Frie Universitet i Madrid; ledende professor i folkeret ved Complutence-Universitetet i Madrid; dommer ved den spanske Forfatningsdomstol; medlem af Institut de droit international; tidligere særlig sagkyndig ved Consejo de Estado; medlem af Real Academia de jurisprudencia (Madrid); dommer ved Domstolen siden den 7.10.1988
Born 22 May 1926; fbrmer Frofessor of Public and Private International Law at the foilowing universities : Granada, Barcelona and Universidad Autönoma, Madrid; First Professcrrof Public lnternational Law at the UniversidactComplutense, Maclrid; Judge of the Spanish Constitutional Cnurt; Mernber of the Institut de droitinternational; fcrrmer electedmember of Consejclde H,stado; Member of the Real Academia de Jurispruclencia(Madrid); Judge at ttre Court of . Iustice since 7 October 1988.
Født den 8.6.1939; barrister; ansat i sekretariatet i Den Europæiske Menneskerettighedskommission; referendar hos generaladvokat J.P. Warner; professor i EF-ret (King's College, London); generaladvokat ved Domstolen siden den 7.10.1988
Born I "lune 1939; Rarrister; Official in the Secretariat of the European flornmission of Human Rights; Legal Secretary to Advo- cate fieneral J.-P" Warner; Profbssor of European Law (King's Coilege Lonclon); Advocate General at the Court of Justice since
Født i 1919; advokat (Athen); fuldmægtig og dernæst assessor ved Den Øverste Græske Forvaltningsdomstol; dommer ved Den Øverste Græske Forvaltningsdomstol; præsident for den domstol, der behandler sager mod dommere ved underretten og ved de højere domstole; medlem af Den Særlige Højesteret; overinspektør for Forvaltningsdomstolene; medlem af Dommernes Øverste Råd; for mand for Det Øverste Råd i Udenrigsministeriet; dommer ved Domstolen siden den 14.3.1983
Born I 91 I ; Lawyer (Athens); Auditor and subsequently Junior Judge in the Simvoulio Epikratias (Council of State); State Counsel- lor; Fresident of the Dikastirio Agogon Kakodikias (Special courtfor actions against Judges); Member of the Anotato Idiko Dikastirio(Superior Special Court); General Inspector of Administrative Tri- bunals; Member of the Supreme Council of Magistrates ; Presidentof the Supreme Council of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Judge at the Court of Justice since 14 March i983.
Født den 5.6.1930; advokat; notar; generalsekretær for Den Kristelige Demokratiske Gruppe i Europa-Parlamentet; medlem af Den Tyske Forbundsdag; formand for Forbundsdagens Retsudvalg; med lem af Kontaktudvalget for Forbundsdagen og Forbundsrådet, af Udvalget af Valgmænd, der vælger dommerne i Bundesverfassungsgericht og af Udenrigsudvalget; formand for Forbundsdagens Europa-udvalg; siden 1990 gæsteprofessor i EF-ret ved Saarland's Universitet, Saarbrücken; generaladvokat ved Domstolen siden den 12.1.1984
Born 5 June 1930; Rechtsanwalt (Lawyer); Notary; Secretary-General of the Christian Democratic Group of the European Parliament; Member of the German Bundestag; Member of the Legal Committee of the Bundestag; Member of the Liaison Committee between the Bundestag and the Bundesrat, the Electoral Committee for the Election of Judges to the Bundesverfassungsgericht(Federal Constitutional Court) and the Foreign Affairs Committee;Chairman of the Committee on European Affairs in the Bundestag;1990 : Honorary Professor of European Law at the lJniversity of the Saarland; Advocate General at the Court of Justice since 12 January1 984.
Født den 26.1.1930; embedsmand i Justitsministeriet; lektor ved Det Retsvidenskabelige Fakultet (Paris I); assisterende direktør i justitsministerens kabinet; afdelingsformand ved Cour d'appel, Paris; direktør i Justitsministeriets Direktorat for Civile Sager; generaladvokat ved Domstolen siden 13.2.1984
Justice; Lecturer in the Law traculty in Paris (Paris I) ; Assistant Director at the Office of the Garde des Sceaux(Minister for Justice);