natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Sådanne rejsebureauer ville nemlig kunne videresælge billetterne enten alene eller som led i en pakkerejse til tilhængere af en anden nationalitet end den, som billetterne var tiltænkt hvilket kunne bringe tilskuernes sikkerhed i fare.
Such travel agencies would have been able to resell such tickets, either separately or as part of package tours, to supporters of a different nationality than that for which they were intended, thus jeopardizing spectator safety.
H. Sikkerhedsspørgsmålet
H. The question of safety
A. Virksomhedsbegrebet
A. The concept of undertaking
Tilrettelæggelsen af verdensmesterskabet gav anledning til en række sikkerhedsproblemer, der mitte tages højde for.
The organization of the World Cup raises problems relating to safety that have to be taken inco account.
Der er som led i proceduren blevet redegjort for disse problemer af dels Sostituto Procuratore, der havde ansvaret for sikkerheden under sportsarrangementet, dels repræsentanterne for COL Italia, og de kan i korthed beskrives som i det følgende.
Such problems were outlined during the course of the proceeding by the deputy procurator of the Republic (sostituto procuratore della Repub­blica Italiana), responsible for coordinating the organization of safety arrangements during the World Cup, and by the representatives of the local organizing committee and may be summarized as follows.
Det følger af EF-Domstolens retspraksis, at en virksomhed efter EØF-Traktatens artikel 85 omfatter enhver enhed, der udøver økonomisk virksomhed, uanset denne enheds retlige status, jf. bla. dom af 12. december 1974 i sag 36/74 (Walrave/UCI) (') og dom af 23. april 1991 i sag C-41/90 (Höfner og Elser/Mactrotron) (2).
In accordance with the case law of che Court of Justice, any entity carrying on activities of an economic nature, regardless of ics legal form, constitutes an undertaking within the meaning of Article 85 of the EEC Treaty (see in particular Cases 36/74 of 12 December 1974, Walrave v. Union Cycliste Internationale (') and C­41/90 of 23 April 1991, Höfner v. Elser/Macrotron (2)).
Det største problem for arrangørerne var at sikre, at tilhængerne af de spillende hold ikke kom i kontakt og klammeri med hinanden pi og uden for stadionerne.
The main problem for the organizers was to ensure that opposing groups of supporters were kept sepa­rate from one another and did not clash in or around the grounds.
Pi selve stadionerne var det derfor nødvendigt at opdele tilskuerne efter nationalitet.
It was therefore necessary to ensure that spectators were grouped together by nationality within the grounds.
Økonomisk virksomhed omfatter enhver virksom hed, der selv uden at have fortjeneste for øje indgir i handelssamkvemmet bla. dom af 20. marts 1985
An activity of an economic nacure means any acti­vity, whether or not profit­making, that involves economic trade (see Case 41/83 of 20 March 1985, Italy v. Commission (British Telecommunications)
For at kunne gøre dette gennemførte arrangørerne forskellige ombygninger af stadionerne, hvilket bla. betød, at alle tilskuerne ville fi siddepladser.
For this purpose, the organizers carried out work within the grounds that would in particular allow all spectators to be seated.
Desuden blev der opbygget et centralt edb-system, som skulle styres af BNL.
In addition, a central computerized system managed by BNL was set up with the aim of iden­
Kommercielle aspekter af verdensmesterskabet i
Regarding the commercial nature of the
(50) fodbold
World
Verdensmesterskabet i fodbold er unægteligt en særdeles stor sportsbegivenhed.
The World Cup is indisputably a major sporting event.
FIGC var i denne egenskab ansvarlig for hele tilrettelæggelsen af arrangementet jf. bestemmelserne i vedtægterne for verdensmesterskabet 1990, og skulle bla. foresti ombygningen af stadioner, indretningen af pressefaciliteter, parkeringsfaciliteter osv.
The FIGC was accordingly responsible for the entire organization of the event in accordance with the provisions of the 1990 World Cup regulations and had in particular the task of ensuring that grounds were in order, press facilities provided, parking spaces laid out, etc.
Til finansiering af sine udgifter rådede FIGC over en andel af nettooverskuddet af verdensmester skabet og havde bla. ret til kommercielt at udnytte det VM-symbol, det selv havde skabt i Italien.
For Che purpose of financing such expenditure, the FIGC had a share in the net profits of the competi tion and was able to exploit commercially in Italy the 1990 World Cup emblem, which it had itself created.
— indgåelsen af kontrakter om stadionreklamer
— the sale of 2 700 000 entrance tickets for matches, more than 20 % of which are included in package tours comprising hotel accommodation, transport and sightseeing,
FIGC udøver derfor ogsi økonomisk virskomhed og udgør siledes ogsi en virksomhed efter EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
The FIGC thus also carries on activities of an economic nature and is consequently an undertaking within the meaning of Article 85 of the EEC Treaty.
— den kommercielle udnyttelse af FIFA's VM-symboler, af verdensmesterskabstrofæet, af FIFA's fair-play pokal og af verdensmesterskabets maskot
— the commercial exploitation of the FIFA emblems, the World Cup, the FIFA fair-play trophy and the World Cup mascot,
— den lokale arrangørs kommercielle udnyttelse af et særligt VM-symbol i anledning af verdensmesterskabet 1990
— the commercial exploitation by the local organizer of a specific emblem for the 1990 World Cup, and
— indgåelsen af tv-kontrakter med tv-selskaberne.
— the conclusion of television broadcasting contraccs.
COL Italia er en enhed, som blev oprettet i fælles skab af FIFA og FIGC til at udføre de opgaver, der direkte eller indirekte var forbundet med den tekniske og logistiske tilrettelæggelse af verdens mesterskabet.
The local organizing committee is a body set up jointly by FIFA and the FIGC for the purpose of carrying on all activities relating directly or indirectly to the technical and logistical organization of the World Cup.
COL Italias opgaver bestod bla. i udfærdigelsen og udmøntningen af billetsalgsordningcn.
The local organizing committee's tasks included the establishment and implementation of the ticket distribution arrangemencs.
Den økonomiske værdi af verdensmesterskabet pipeges i øvrigt i artikel 3 og 4 i FIFA's »udbudsbetingelser til arrangørforbundet«.
The economic value of Che World Cup is, more over, acknowledged in Article 3.4 of ehe specifications and condicions laid down by FIFA for che organizing federation.
Denne økonomiske værdi blev også fremhævet af FIFA's repræsentanter under høringen (referat af høringen, side 126).
The economic value of the World Cup was also acknowledged by FIFA representatives at the hearing (see page 126 of the hearing record).
COL Italias indtægter stammede fra en del af tvrettighederne, reklamerettighederne, billetsalget og den kommercielle udnyttelse i Italien af VM-symbolet.
The local organizing committee's revenue derived partly from television rights, advertising rights, the sale of tickets and the commercial exploitation in Italy of the World Cup emblem.
COL Italia fik betaling for overdragelsen af eneret tigheder til 90 Tour Italia, jf. bestemmelserne i artikel 5 i aftalen af 26. juni 1987.
The exclusive righes granced Co 90 Tour Italia resulted in remuneration for the local organizing committee, in accordance with the provisions of Article 5 of the contract of 26 June 1987.
FIFA er en sammenslutning af sportsorganisationer og tilrettelægger i denne egenskab sportsarrangementer.
However, FIFA also carries out activities of an economic nature, notably as regards :
Det må sluttes, at COL Italia var en enhed, der udøvede økonomisk virksomhed, og udgjorde derfor en virksomhed efter EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
Ic muse cherefore be concluded Chae ehe local organizing commiccee was a body carrying on accivicies of an economic nature and consequently constituted an undertaking within the meaning of Article 85.
— indgåelse af reklamekontrakter
— the conclusion of contraccs relacing to television broadcasting righes.
La Compagnia Italiana Turismo SpA (CIT) er et italiensk selskab, der udøver virksomhed som rejse bureau.
The Compagnia Italiana Tourisme SpA (CIT) is an Italian company engaged in travel agency accivicies.
Der er således tale om en virksomhed efter EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
Ic is Cherefore an undertaking within the meaning of Article 85.
— indgåelse af kontrakter vedrørende tv-rettigheder. der.
In the case of the 1990 World Cup, the sale of advertising and television broadcasting righes by FIFA accounCed for some 65 % of cocal World Cup revenue, esCimaCed ac Sfr 220 million.
Italia Tour SpA er et selskab, der udøver samme rype virksomhed som CIT, og er derfor også en virksomhed efter EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
Italia Tour SpA is a company carrying on an activity similar to that of CIT and is thus also an undertaking within the meaning of Article 85.
Det må derfor sluttes, at FIFA er en enhed, der udøver økonomisk virksomhed, og er en virksomhed efter EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
Ic muse therefore be concluded that FIFA is an entity carrying on activities of an economic nature and constitutes an undertaking wiehin Che meaning of Article 85 of ehe EEC Treaty.
90 Tour Italia SpA er et selskab, der omfattes af italiensk ret og som blev oprettet i fællesskab af CIT og Italia Tour med henblik på at sammensætte og markedsføre pakkerejser i forbindelse med verdensmesterskabet i 1990.
The Federazione Italiana Gioco Calcio (FIGC) is the national Italian football association, appointed by FIFA to organize the 1990 World Cup.
Der er således tale om en virksomhed efter EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
It is therefore an undertaking within the meaning of Article 85 of the EEC Treaty.
Betingelserne, hvorunder 90 Tour markedsførte pakkerejserne, blev fastlagt i to aftaler :
The conditions under which 90 Tour Italia was active in marketing the package tours derive from two contracts :
Organisationskomitéen bestod af ni repræsentanter for FIGC og FIFA's præsident og generalsekretær.
The local organizing committee comprised 9 representatives of the FIGC and che President and General Secretary of FIFA.
Forsamlet besad disse elleve medlemmer samdige beslutningsbeføjelser for si vidt angik komitéens aktiviteter.
These 11 members, meeting in plenary session, had full powers of deci sion over the committees' activities.
— den aftale af 11. februar 1988 mellem COL Italia og 90 Tour indeholdende de vigtigste af bestemmelserne i ovennævnte aftale.
The lcoal organizing committee's restricted executive committee, which included FIFA's General Secretary, could be drawn only from the local organizing committee's own members.
Disse to aftaler havde samme løbetid, nemlig indtil den 31. december 1990.
These two contracts were for an identical term of validity, ending on 31 December 1990.
Aftalen af 11. februar 1988 hverken annullerede eller erstattede aftalen af 26. juni 1987.
The contract concluded on 11 February 1988 does noe contain any provision cancelling or replacing Che contract concluded on 26 June 1987.
Takket være deres repræsentanters tilstedeværelse i COL's besluttende organ kontrollerede FIFA og FIGC i fællesskab direkte og reelt komitéens samt­lige aktiviteter, navnlig hvad angik fordelingen af billetter.
As a result of the presence of their representatives within the local organizing committee's decision making body, the FIGC and FIFA direccly and effectively controlled the whole of the committee's activities on a joint basis, notably as regards ticket distribution.
Det skal ligeledes bemærkes, af aftalen af 11. februar 1988 mellem COL Italia og 90 Tour blev medunderskrevet af CIT og Italia Tour, der i henhold til aftalens artikel 8 påtog sig et solidarisk ansvar sammen med 90 Tour over for COL Italia.
It should also be noted that the contract concluded on 11 February 1988 between the local organizing committee and 90 Tour Italia was countersigned by CIT and Italia Tour which, under Article 8 of the contract, declared themselves jointly responsible with 90 Tour Italia vis-à-vis the local organizing committee.
C. Angående FIFA's og FIGC's ansvar
The two abovementioned contracts must therefore be taken into account in this proceeding.
Billetsalgsordningen skulle under alle omstændig­heder godkendes af FIFA.
The ticket distribution syscem had in any case Co be approved by FIFA.
Således indeholdt afta­lerne af henholdsvis 26. juni 1987 mellem COL Italia og CIT/Italia Tour og 11. februar 1988 mellem COL Italia og 90 Tour om salg af billetter til inkorporering i pakkerejser en opsættende klausul om FIFA's godkendelse af billetsalgspolitik­ken.
Thus, che concraccs concluded on 26 June 1987 between Che local organizing commiccee and CIT/Italia Tour and on 11 February 1988 between Che local organizing commiccee and 90 Tour Icalia regarding Che discribucion of tickets Co be included in package cours included a suspensory clause co ehe effecc chac ehe policy on ticket sales had co be approved by FIFA.
De to aftaler, der er genstand for proceduren, blev indgiet mellem pi den ene side COL Italia og pi den anden side 90 Tour, CIT og Italia Tour. Hverken FIFA eller FIGC har underskrevet disse aftaler.
The two contracts which are the subject of this proceeding were concluded between ehe local organizing commiccee on che one hand and 90 Tour Italia, CIT and Italia Tour on che ocher.
Alt i alt må det konkluderes, at COL Italia ikke reelt kunne fastlægge en selvstændig adfærd på markedet og at COL Italia, FIGC og FIFA i fælles­skab bærer ansvaret for ovennævnte aftaler af 26. juni 1987 og 11. februar 1988.
All in all, ic muse be concluded chac Che local organizing committee was not in a position to deter mine in a really autonomous manner ics behaviour on Che markec and chat the conclusion of the abovementioned contracts of 26 June 1987 and 11 February 1988 is attributable jointly to the local organizing committee, the FIGC and FIFA.
D. Aftalebegrebet
D. The concept of agreement
De to aftaler af henholdsvis 26. juni 1987 og 11. februar 1988 udgør aftaler mellem virksomheder, jf. EØF­Traktatens artikel 85.
The two contracts of 26 June 1987 and 11 February 1988 constitute agreemencs becween undertakings within the meaning of Article 85 of the EEC Treaty.
E. Angående arten af de pågældende aftaler
E. On the nature of the contracts in question
Den lokale organisationskomité »COL Italia· er en enhed, der i fællesskab blev oprettet af FIGC og FIFA med speciel henblik pi »varetagelse af alle de opgaver, der direkte eller indirekte er forbundet med den tekniske og logistiske tilrettelæggelse af verdensmesterskabet i Italien i 1990, dog under iagttagelse af de operative begrænsninger, der er fastlagt i FIFA's udbudsbetingelser og vedtægterne for verdensmesterskabet i 1990· (artikel 3 i COL's vedtægter af 14. august 1985).
The local organizing commiccee was sec up jointly by the FIGC and FIFA specifically for Che purpose of carrying on all activities relating directly or indirectly to the technical and logistical organization of the 1990 World Cup in Italy, in compliance with the operating constraints laid down in the specifications and conditions established by FIFA and the 1990 World Cup regulations (Article 3 of Che local organizing committee regulations of 14 August 1985).
Under proceduren har visse parter tilkendegivet at formålet med de pågældende aftaler var at over­drage 90 Tour en opgave, som COL Italia ikke selv var i stand til at udføre.
During the proceeding, some of the parties stated that the purpose of the contraccs was Co entrust to 90 Tour Italia Che function of carrying ouC a task which the local organizing commiccee was noe in a posición co perform.
Heraf kunne det konkluderes, at 90 Tour udelukkende optrådte som befuldmægtiget og at de pågældende aftaler ikke faldt ind under bestemmelserne i EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
92 allowed 90 Tour Italia Co present itself as the exclusive agent of the local organizing committee and to use the description Tour Operator for Italia 90', and
ved udførelsen af sine opgaver kunne 90 Tour optræde som enebefuldmægtiget for COL Italia og anvende betegnelsen »Tour Operator Italia 90«
It might be concluded from this that 90 Tour Italia acted solely as an agent and thac Che contracts in question were not caught by the provisions of Article 85 of the Treaty.
En sidan analyse er imidlertid ikke holdbar af følgende årsager : i denne forbindelse fik 90 Tour af COL Italia ligeledes overdraget den verdensomspændende eneret på levering af adgangsbilletter til kampene til inkorporering i pakkerejser, og 90 Tour fik garanti for et antal billetter svarende til mindst 30 % af den samlede stadionkapacitet.
— within this framework, also granted 90 Tour Italia world exclusive rights to issue ground entrance tickets for inclusion in package tours and made available to it a number of tickets at least equal to 30 % of the capacity of the grounds.
— 90 Tour havde mulighed for at købe adgangsbilletter hos COL Italia, men derefter leverede selskabet forskellige ydelser bestående af pakkerejser, hvoraf adgangsbilletterne kun udgjorde et enkelt element ; disse pakkerejser blev markeds ført til de priser og på de vilkår, som 90 Tour fastsatte
— 90 Tour Italia was able to acquire entrance tickecs to the grounds from the local organizing committee, but subsequently it provided different services, namely package tours, of which the tickets were only one element ; the package tours were marketed at the prices and on the conditions set by 90 Tour Italia,
90 Tour godkendte i de forskellige lande rejsebureauer, som kunne sælge pakkerejserne.
90 Tour Italia subsequently authorized agencies in the various countries to sell ics package tours.
— 90 Tour forpligtede sig til at aftage — og aftog faktisk — et stort antal billetter til kampe, hvis tilskuerinteresse afhang af, at tilskuernes hold kvalificerede sig, hvorfor denne forpligtelse var risikabel
— 90 Tour Italia had to undertake to acquire, and did actually acquire, a considerable number of tickets for matches whose appeal to spectators was heavily dependent on the qualification of their team and hence unpredictable, and
— 90 Tour påtog sig dermed en betydelig kommerciel risiko, således som også ClTs repræsentanter understregede under høringen (referat af høringen, side 60 og 70).
— 90 Tour Italia thus accepted a high commercial risk, as the representatives of CIT pointed out at the hearing (see pages 60 and 70 of the hearing record).
Følgerne af disse enerettigheder var, at 90 Tour var den eneste rejsearrangør, der havde mulighed for at købe adgangsbilletter hos COL Italia med henblik på sammensætning og markedsføring af pakkerejser omfattende sådanne billetter.
The result of these exclusive rights was that 90 Tour Italia was the only tour operator able to acquire ground entrance tickecs from the local organizing committee for the purpose of putting together and selling package tours that included such tickets.
Det følger heraf, af 90 Tour's opgaver gik langt videre end det at være befuldmægtiget og at de pågældende aftaler derfor er omfattet af EØF-Traktatens artikel 85.
Accordingly, the functions of 90 Tour Italia went well beyond those of a mere agent, and che contraccs are Cherefore caught by Article 85 of Che Treaty.
Andre rejsearrangører og rejsebureauer kunne ikke købe adgangsbilletter til kampene hos COL eller andre kilder, f.eks. sportsforeningerne eller BNL, på grund af de betingelser, der var hæftet til salget af disse billetter, navnlig forbuddet mod videresalg til rejsebureauer.
Other tour operators, and travel agencies as well, were not able to acquire ground entrance tickets from the local organizing committee or from other sources of supply such as Che sports associations or BNL because of the restrictions imposed on Che sale of such tickets, and in particular the ban on resale to travel agencies.
F. Påvirkning af konkurrencen
F. Effect on competition
Det følger heraf, af de eneste pakkerejser på markedet der omfattede adgangsbilletter til kampene, var dem, som 90 Tour sammensatte.
Consequently, the only package tours including ground entrance tickecs available on the market were those put together by 90 Tour Italia.
De øvrige rejsearrangører kunne udlukkende arrangere pakkerejser uden adgangsbilletter til kampene.
Other tour operators were able to offer only package tours that did not inlude ground entrance tickets.
Formålet med denne beslutning er udelukkende at fastslå den påvirkning af konkurrencen, som fulgte af de to ovennævnte aftaler indgået mellem COL Italia, 90 Tour, CIT og Italia Tour.
The purpose of this Decision is solely to establish the effect on competition produced by the two abovementioned contraccs concluded becween ehe local organizing commiccee, 90 Tour Icalia, CIT and Italia Tour.
Imidlertid er det klart, at for personer, der ønskede at rejse til Italien i anledning af verdensmester skabet i fodbold, var det altafgørende at deltage i pakkerejser med adgangsbilletter til kampene.
Obviously, for anyone wishing to go to Italy for the World Cup, it was crucial to have a package tour that did include ground entrance tickecs.
For imidlertid at kunne vurdere formålet med og virkningerne af disse aftaler i forhold til EØF-Traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1, må der tages hensyn til den kontekst som de er indgået i, herunder navnlig den ovenfor beskrevne billetsalgsordning.
However, in assessing the object and effects of ehe contracts in the light of Article 85 (1) of the Treaty, it is necessary to take into account the context within which they operated, notably entire ticket distribution system as described above.
Derfor var de rejsearrangører, der ikke kunne tilbyde sådanne pakkerejser, konkurrencemæssigt væsentlig dårligere stillet end 90 Tour.
Consequently, tour operators that were not able to offer such package tours were at a considerable competitive disadvantage vis-ã-vis 90 Tour Italia.
90 Tour's verdensomspændende eneret begrænsede derfor konkurrencen mellem rejsearrangører i EF.
The world exclusive rights granted to 90 Tour Italia thus had the effect of restricting competition between tour operators in the Community.
Rejsebureauer, der ønskede at markedsføre pakkerejser omfattende adgangsbilletter til kampene, kunne kun skaffe sig disse pakkerejser hos en enkelt rejsearrangør.
Furthermore, cravei agencies wishing Co sell package tours thac included macch entrance tickets were able to obtain such package tours from only one tour operator.
— den verdensomspændende eneret på tilrettelæggelsen af de forskellige pakkerejser i forbindelse med verdensmesterskabet og ansvaret for opbygningen af et egnet netværk til fordeling af disse pakkerejser i såvel Italien som i resten af verden
— conferred on 90 Tour Italia world exclusive righes in organizing Che various package Cours Co the World Cup and in establishing an appropriate network for the distribution of such package tours in Italy and in the rest of the world,
Det skal også tages i betragtning, at BNL ved telefax af 26. januar 1990 instruerede samdige sine salgssteder uden for Italien om ikke at sælge adgangsbilletter til kampene fra den 31. januar 1990.
Account must also be taken of the fact that, by fax dated 26 January 1990, BNL instructed all ics sales outlets outside Italy to stop selling entrance tickets as from 31 January 1990.
Derfor begrænsede 90 Tours verdensomspændende eneret også konkurrencen mellem rejsebureauer i EF.
If world exclusive rights had not been granted to 90 Tour Italia, travel agencies would have been able to choose between a number of tour operators and possibly - obtain more favourable terms, thus enabling them to gain a competitive edge over other travel agencies.
Det følger heraf, af fra den 1. februar 1990 kunne andre rejsearrangører end 90 Tour ikke længere sælge pakkerejser i kombination med en opfordring til kunderne om at købe deres adgangsbilletter hos en af BNL's filialer eller agenter.
As a result, as from 1 February 1990, tour operators other than 90 Tour Italia were unable Co sell package tours for which their customers were supposed to purchase the tickecs from BNL branches or agenta.