natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Her må der udvises særlig opmærksomhed med hensyn til den praktiske gennemførelse af de vedtagne for anstaltninger.
Steady progress is being made in a number of areas affecting circulation of goods.
Den frie bevægelighed for varer hviler ligeledes på gennemførelse af en række EF-harmoniseringsfor-anstaltninger.
Two of the 'horizontal' directives essential to smooth running of the single market are the directive on general product safety and the directive on liability for defective products.
I denne forbindelse bør der lægges stor vægt på anvendelse af reglerne for harmonisering på området for beskyttelse af sikkerhed og sundhed, som forudsætter indførelse af passende ordninger og organer for såvel virksomheder som forvaltninger.
The regulations concerning general product safety are covered in the section on consumer protection.
Selskabsretten er ikke en hindring for tiltrædelsen, forudsat at de aktuelle planer bliver gennemført.
None the less, further efforts are required for the full adoption and implementation of the acquis.
På regnskabsområdet forventes der ikke større problemer.
The rules on agricultural products (compliance with veterinary and planthealth standards) are explained in detail in the section on agriculture.
Med hensyn til databeskyttelse må der gøres en indsats for at udfylde det lovgivningsmæssige
Poland has made some progress towards establish ing the conditions for the free movement of goods.
Blandt de »horisontale« direktiver, der er absolut nødvendige for, at markedet uden grænser kan fungere effektivt, er bl.a. direktivet om produktsikkerhed i almindelighed og direktivet om produktansvar. Bestemmelserne om produktsikkerhed i
In the meantime, solutions have been determined in the framework of the Europe Agreement, under the form of the abovementioned Protocol on European Conformity Assessment Agreement, which will facilitate alignment to the acquis in the medium term.
almindelighed er dækket i afsnittet om forbrugerbeskyttelse. beskyttelse.
Community legal principles on the free movement of goods are properly applied in Poland.
De specifikke bestemmelser om landbrugsprodukter (overholdelse af veterinære og plantesundhedsmæssige standarder) beskrives detaljeret i afsnittet om landbruget.
This situation is explained, in particular, by the fact that the reporting procedures which form part of the internal market machinery are not yet operational and so cannot be used in the preaccession period.
Med hensyn til tekniske handelshindringer gav Polens tidligere afvigelse fra Fællesskabets certificeringsordning anledning til markante forringelser.
The most important instruments in this connection are: Directive 83/189, requiring governments to report draft national technical standards and regulations; Decision 3052/95 on measures derogating from the principle of the free movement of goods; procedures by which complaints can be submitted to the Commission; and Article 177 of the Treaty, enabling Member States to ask for preliminary rulings from the Court of Justice.
I mellemtiden er der fundet løsninger inden for rammerne af Europaaftalen i form af ovennævnte protokol om aftale vedrørende overensstemmelsesvurderinger, som på mellemlang sigt vil gøre det lettere at tilpasse lovgivningen til regelværket.
It is also hard to assess whether Poland complies with the principle of mutual recognition; more information is required on its national rules, and on administrative practices, which can have an effect on product sales.
Polen har gjort visse fremskridt med hensyn til fast sættelse af bestemmelser om fri bevægelighed for varer.
Only some new approach directives are mentioned for future alignment without any details on timing and modalities.
Den metode, Polen har anvendt til implementering af disse bestemmelser om fri bevægelig hed for varer og af Europaaftalen, har dog givet anledning til mange problemer på handelsområdet i årenes løb, efter at bestemmelserne var trådt i kraft.
Efforts are still required, in particular to accelerate, develop and complete the programme of approximation in a number of key sectors in which current progress is still inadequate including: new approach directives, automotive sector, chemicals (detergents and dangerous substances), foodstuffs and pharmaceuticals.
Landet er allerede begyndt at liberalisere sine prisog valutaordninger og indføre retlige og handelsmæssige regler om retssikkerhed og gennemsigtighed for private erhvervsdrivende.
It should be borne in mind, in any case, that secondary legislation is often necessary in order to implement the general legislative framework.
Hvad angår certificering af industriprodukter blev der i marts 1997 paraferet en protokol om aftale vedrørende overensstemmelsesvurderinger mellem Kommissionen og de polske myndigheder.
Poland is progressively taking on the acquis related to the free movement of goods and implementation of the provisions of the Europe Agreement and the White Paper's recommendations has significantly improved during the last year.
Hvad angår tilpasning af den tekniske lovgivning, rejser den reviderede version af det polske lovgivningsprogram en del tvivl om, hvorvidt tilnærmelsen af lovene kan færdiggøres.
With respect to standardization, the concept of voluntary standards, already introduced in 1993 and designed to replace the legally binding 'branch standards', is still meeting some resistance in the relevant quarters.
Der omtales kun nogle direktiver med den nye metode for den frem tidige tilpasning uden nærmere oplysninger om tidsplan og vilkår.
This is mainly due to the absence of an aligned legislative framework with consequent confusion at institutional level about adopt ing (voluntary) standards and/or legal provisions, as well as to a limited resources endowment and industry participation in the standardization activity· ty·
Der må stadigvæk gøres en ind sats især for at fremskynde, udvikle og færdiggøre tilnærmelsesprogrammet inden for en række nøglesektorer, hvor der for øjeblikket gøres for få frem skridt, herunder: direktiver med den nye metode, automobilsektoren, kemikalier (rengøringsmidler og farlige stoffer) levnedsmidler og lægemidler.
However, efforts will be needed before a sufficiently developed situation exists for enabling a conclusion to the effect that the acquis will be fully and effectively implemented by Poland.
Man skal under alle omstændigheder være opmærksom på, at det ofte er nødvendigt med sekundær lovgivning for at kunne implementere den generelle lovgivningsramme.
The Polish authorities will also have to ensure that national legislation in areas not covered by Community harmonization is unlikely to pose bar riers to trade, notably by verifying that the measures in force are proportional to the objectives they pursue.
I den forbindelse vil den polske regering i 1997 foreslå parlamentet, at der skal vedtages en ny lov om prøvning og certificering, og at direktiverne om ansvar for defekte produkter og produktsikkerhed i almindelighed indføres i polsk lovgivning.
Currently the responsible institutions in the fields of metrology, standardization and certification are closely linked to the public authorities, whereas full implementation in these fields requires the estab lishment of authorities with a greater degree of independence.
De polske myndigheder vil også indføre mange sektordirektiver på dette område i 1997 og 1998.
The Polish Committee for Standardization (PrCN) is an affiliate member of the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN) and of the Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique (Cenelec).
Desuden er listen over produkter, hvor der kræves certificering, når de indføres i Polen, allerede blevet meget reduceret, og Polen har forpligtet sig til inden udgangen af 1997 at undlade at kræve certificering af produkter, som det ikke er påkrævet for i Fællesskabet.
The creation of market surveillance authorities and mechanisms is also necessary in order to ensure cooperation between the relevant institutions and effective sanctions when products are marketed in breach of rules concerning conformity.
Med hensyn til standardisering støder konceptet frivillige standarder, der allerede blev indført i 1993 for at erstatte de juridisk bindende »branchestandarder«, stadig på en del modstand fra ved kommende kredse.
Poland's civil code contains provisions correspond ing to fault liability, but these will need to be amended to meet the EC requirements concerning civil liability for defective products.
Vurdering af den nuværende og fremtidige situation
The Europe Agreement establishes the principle of the free movement of capital between Poland and the EU.
Der gøres stadig fremskridt på en række områder, der berører den frie bevægelighed for varer.
This, as far as the obligations of Poland are concerned, applies from the entry into force of the EA as regards direct investments made by companies already established in Poland and as regards branches and agencies of Community companies (as well as the self-employed), gradually during the transitional period.
Polen har det seneste år sat farten op for at fjerne en række handelshindringer og har opnået et rimeligt niveau med hensyn til at overholde fristerne i
The White Paper highlights the link between the free movement of capital and the free movement of
For øjeblikket er de institutioner, der er ansvarlige for metrologi, standardisering og certificering, nært tilknyttet offentlige myndigheder; men den fulde implementering på disse områder kræver etablering af myndigheder med større uafhængighed.
In the areas subject to national rules and not covered by Community harmonization, there is too little information available to assess whether
Fri bevægelighed for kapital tager sig af markedsovervågning, er også nødvendig for at kunne sikre, at samarbejdet mellem de pågældende myndigheder fungerer, og at der er effektive sanktioner, hvis produkter markedsføres under overtrædelse af regler om overensstemmelse.
Current and prospective assessment financial services. It suggests a sequence of capital movements liberalization starting from medium and long­term control movements and those linked to commercial transactions, to short­term capital.
Europaaftalen fasuægger princippet om fri be vægelighed for kapital mellem Polen og EU.
Given the increasing stabilization of the Polish economy it is foreseen that foreign direct invest­ment inflows will increase in the medium term.
Dette gælder, for så vidt angår Polens forpligtelser, fra tidspunktet for Europaaftalens ikrafttræden med hensyn til direkte investeringer, der foretages af selskaber, der allerede er etableret i Polen, og med hensyn til filialer og afdelinger af fællesskabsvirksomheder (samt selvstændige erhvervsdrivende) gradvis i overgangsperioden.
The settlement of trade disputes and the clarifica­tion of an investment policy in areas such as the motor vehicle sector, could help to increase foreign direct investment in the short run.
På de områder, der er reguleret på nationalt plan, men som ikke er omfattet af en fællesskabsharmonisering, mangler der imidlertid oplysninger om den faktiske anvendelse af fællesskabsrettens principper for varers frie bevægelighed i Polen.
Poland's ability to attract foreign direct investment has been impressively enhanced in recent years.
Hvidbogen fremhæver forbindelsen mellem den frie bevægelighed for kapital og den frie bevæge lighed for finansielle tjenesteydelser.
Legislation regarding the ownership of land and related assets by foreign nationals remains inade­quate and will require clarification and alignment in the medium term.
Polens evne til at tiltrække udenlandske direkte investeringer er blevet voldsomt forbedret inden for de seneste år.
The Polish authorities intend to remove remaining restrictions on capital movements in steps, as fol­lows:
På trods af den internationale vurdering af den polske chok-terapi-metode var de udenlandske direkte investeringer langsomme til at komme i gang under de første overgangsfaser.
In spite of the international appreciation for the Polish shock therapy approach, foreign direct investment was off to a slow start during the initial stages of transition.
De indgående kapitalbevægelser begyndte at tage alvorlig fart fra 1994.
FDI inflows have begun to pick up considerably since 1994.
I 1996 var kapitaltilførslen fra udlandet på ca. 1,8 % af BNP.
In 1996, the inflow was about 1.8% of GDP.
Siden 1989 er den samlede kapitaltilførsel nået op på 4 mia. ECU, hvilket svarer til ca. 100 ECU pr. indbygger.
The cumulative FDI inflow since 1989 reached a level of ECU 4 billion, which corresponds to about ECU 100 per inhabi­tant.
Den seneste forøgelse har bidraget til at omstille, privatisere og modernisere polsk industri.
Investments in real estate in Poland, other than for­eign direct investment, will be the last item to be liberalized.
Denne udvikling skyldes til dels Polens liberalisering med hensyn til fri bevægelighed for kapital i forbindelse med, at Polen tilsluttede sig OECD i november 1996.
These developments have been in part due to Poland's liberalized policies concerning the free movement of capital in the context of its accession to the OECD in November 1996.
Polen er gradvis ved at overtage regelværket, der vedrører frie bevægelighed for varer, og implementeringen af bestemmelserne i Europaaftalen og hvidbogens henstillinger er blevet markant bedre i det seneste år.
The recommendations of both the While Paper and the Europe Agreement have largely been imple­mented. The application of the acquis regarding the ownership of land and related assets by foreign nationals may present a significant problem in the medium term.
Der vil dog stadig skulle gøres en indsats, inden situationen er tilstrækkelig udviklet til, at det kan konkluderes, at regelværket er fuldt og helt implementeret i Polen.
Further efforts are still required with regard to the liberalization of capital movements.
Der er stadig visse restriktioner for grænseoverskridende kapitaltransaktioner. Zlotyen blev dog gjort konvertibel ved handelstransaktioner i 1991, og den opnåede fuld konvertibilitet i 1995.
Some restrictions still exist on cross­border capital transactions.
Zlotyen fastlægges ud fra en kurv af valutaer med et tilladt udsving på +1-1%, og centralkursen nedskrives hver måned med 1 %.
The zloty is fixed against a basket of curren­cies with a band of +/­ 7%, and the central rate is devalued every month by 1%.
Valutakursen fungerer således inden for et anskueligt system og nedskrives i overensstemmelse med den bebudede politik med få ad hoc-tilpasninger.
The exchange rate thus operates under a clear regime, depreciating in line with announced policy, with few ad hoc adjust­ments.
I 1995 blev markedskursen opskrevet og centralkursen måtte revalueres på grund af den stærke stilling i udlandet.
In 1995, because of the strength of the exter­nal position, the market exchange rate appreciated and the central rate had to be revalued. Current account convertibility was introduced on I June 1995.
Kon vertibiliteten på de løbende poster blev indført den
Partial liberalization was introduced on investment in real estate', operations in securities and the admission of securities to domestic and foreign capital markets.
Fri bevægelighed for tjenesteydelser
A substantial amount of the legislation applicable to the free movement of services relates to financial services.
Der blev indført delvis liberalisering for investering i fast ejendom, værdipapirtransaktioner og værdipapirers adgang til indenlandske og uden landske kapitalmarkeder.
These subjects will be dealt with in the sections of the opinion specifically referring to them.
Grundlaget for den frie bevægelighed for tjeneste ydelser er forbudet mod forskelsbehandling, bl.a. på grund af nationalitet, og regler for harmonisering af forskellige nationale regelsæt. Disse regler vedrører ofte både etableringsretten, som henhører under området for personers frie bevægelighed, og den frie levering af tjenesteydelser.
out in a Regulation 7/93 of the National Bank of Poland. The regulations governing the solvency ratio in Poland are based on the relevant EU directives and the recommendations of the Basle Committee for Banking Supervision.
Deres gennem førelse forudsætter indførelse af administrative strukturer (banktilsynsudvalg, kontrolmyndigheder for den audiovisuelle sektor, tilsynsmyndigheder) samt en styrkelse af samarbejdet mellem medlemsstaterne på kontrolområdet (gensidige anerkendelsesordninger).
Credit institutions applying for a for eign exchange license must fulfil some other requirements (higher solvency ratio, a capital base amounting to not less than 120% of the minimum capital requirements for credit institutions).
En vigtig del af lovgivningen om fri bevægelighed for tjenesteydelser vedrører finansielle tjenesteydelser.
As regards the deposit guarantee scheme, on 14 January 1994, the Act on the Bank Guarantee Fund was adopted in Poland (as amended on 20 February 1997).
Ligeledes berøres problemerne i forbindelse med åbningen af nationale markeder i traditionelt monopoldominerede sektorer som telekommunikations- og til dels energi- og transportsektoren.
The act provides protection to deposits in Polish or foreign currency, irrespective of the number of contractual agreements the depositor has concluded with the bank.
Disse områder vil blive behandlet i de relevante afsnit i udtalelsen.
To align fully on the EC requirements, the guarantee threshold would have to be gradually raised.
Takket være den øgede stabilisering af den polske økonomi forventes det, at tilstrømningen af uden landske direkte investeringer vil øges på mellem lang sigt.
The five largest banks, all Polish, represent just under half of the total assets and four of them are still in the hands of the State.
Bilæggelse af handelstvister og en afklaring af investeringspolitikken på områder som automobilsektoren vil kunne bidrage til at øge uden landske direkte investeringer på kort sigt.
The banks owned or controlled by the State represent about 50% of total assets, which highlights the fact that the privatization process is far from being completed, even if the Polish Government has announced that two of the main Polish banks will be privatized in 1997.
Lovgivningen om udlændinges ret til at eje jord og hertil hørende aktiver er stadigvæk mangelfuld og vil kræve større klarhed og tilpasning på mellem lang sigt.
As regards derivatives, the legal framework for trading in derivatives has been created; the begin ning of trading in these instruments is scheduled to start in the second half of 1997.
De polske myndigheder vil fjerne de resterende restriktioner for kapitalbevægelser trinvis efter følgende plan:
As regards prevention of money laundering, banks are required to verify the identity of customers and identify transactions which they perform in excess of PLZ 20 000 (ECU 5 700) and to notify the public prosecutor's office if there are justified grounds for suspecting that money laundering is being per formed. There is no obligation to identify all hold ers of bank accounts.
D ved udgangen af 1998: resten af mellem- og langfristede kapitalbevægelser
Brokerage houses must be authorized by the securities supervisory authority.
D ved udgangen af 1999: alle kortfristede kapital bevægelser.
The provisions in force forbid natural and legal persons to hold shares in more than one brokerage house.
De fem største banker er alle polske og udgør lidt under halvdelen af de samlede aktiver, fire af dem er stadig på statens hænder.
With respect to the second stage directives, the situation is the following: as regards large exposures, two separate limits are specified — one of 10% of a credit institution's own funds on an exposure arising from a single client, and one of 15% on the bank's aggregate exposure to a group of related clients; as regards annual accounts, the require ments are basically in line with those stipulated in the relevant EU directives.
De statsejede eller -kontrollerede banker udgør omkring 50% af de samlede aktiver, hvilket klart viser, at privatiseringen langt fra er tilendebragt, selv om den polske regering har meddelt, at to af de største polske banker vil blive privatiseret i 1997.
Credit institutions which are parent companies were obliged to draw up consolidated accounts for the first time in 1995 and this has been therefore also the first time that the National Bank of Poland analysed the consolidated accounts of banking groups.
Tilsynsmyndigheden er Generalinspektoratet for Banktilsyn, en afdeling i Polens Nationalbank.
There is no general regulation concerning capital adequacy for risks other than credit risk.
Investeringer i fast ejendom i Polen vil, bortset fra udenlandsk direkte investering, blive det sidste område, der liberaliseres.
The State Insurance Supervision Office (PUNU) examines applications for authorizations, analysis returns and balance sheets and investigates existing companies.
I Warszawa er der en betydelig fondsbørs.
Two former State monopolies remain predominant in the life and non-life markets.
Hvad angår futures og options er de juridiske rammer for handel hermed blevet oprettet; handlen med disse instrumenter er planlagt til at skulle starte i anden halvdel af 1997.
There are no subsidiaries of foreign insurance companies but around a third of Polish insurance companies have EU shareholders in their capital.
Såvel henstillingerne i hvidbogen som Europaaftalen er i vid udstrækning blevet implementeret.
The banking directives of the first stage are largely if not totally implemented.
Børsmæglerfirmaer skal have tilladelse til at drive virksomhed af Tilsynsmyndigheden for Værdi papirer. Ifølge gældende bestemmelser kan fysiske og juridiske personer ikke have part i mere end ét børsmæglerfirma.
With respect to the treatment of foreign banks, a foreign bank can open a branch in Poland but this requires the consent of the President of the National Bank of Poland.
Der vil være behov for yderligere bestræbelser med hensyn til liberalisering af kapitalbevægelser.
Apart from that, both prudential regulations and the manner in which supervision is performed apply without dis-
Der er ingen generel bestemmelse om kapital grundlag for andre risici end kreditrisici.
crimination to foreign banks provided that the privatization process is speeded up.
To tidligere statsmonopoler er stadigvæk dominerende på markedet for livsforsikringer og andre for sikringer.
tion. However, the banking sector needs further reform.
Der er ingen datterselskaber af udenlandske forsikringsselskaber, men ca. en tredjedel af de polske forsikringsselskaber har aktionærer fra EU.
Problems are mainly in the field of capital adequacy for market risks, consolidated supervision and special requirements regarding estab lishment of foreign branches.
Fuld frihed til at drive forsikringsvirksomhed for et udenlandsk selskab samt ensartet tilladelse hertil vil ikke blive indført før år 2000.
However, provided harmonization and privatization proceed as planned, no major difficulties are foreseen in achieving full approximation in the banking area.
Med hensyn til behandlingen af udenlandske banker kan en udenlandsk bank åbne en filial i Polen, men det kræver godkendelse af formanden for Polens Nationalbank.
As regards the capital market and the insurance sector, one can have the same assessment, even if not all the relevant directives have been incorporated in the Polish legislation.
Han kan afgøre, hvor storen andel bankens udenlandske kapital må udgøre.
But both the organized markets and the insurance market are'functioning well and developing quickly.
Børsnoterede selskaber og børsmæglervirksomheder er underlagt periodisk meldepligt til tilsynsmyndigheden.
Listed companies and brokerage houses are subject to periodic information requirements to the supervisory authority.
Prisfølsomme oplysninger skal være tilgængelige for offentligheden, så snart det er muligt.
Price sensitive information has to be disclosed to the public as soon as possible.
Udenlandske udstedere kan optages til officiel notering.
Foreign issuers may be admitted to official listing.