natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Første spørgsmål, andet led
Question 1(2)
For så vidt angår beskæftigelsesperioder før den 17. maj 1990, hvor Barberdommen blev afsagt, skal det blot bemærkes, at denne dom udelukkede, at artikel 119 kunne finde anvendelse på pensionsydelser, der vedrørte disse perioder, hvorfor arbejdsgiverne og »the trustees« ikke længere har pligt til at sikre ligebehandling med hensyn til disse ydelser.
As regards periods of service prior to 17 May 1990, the date of the Barber judgment, it was sufficient to say that the Barber judgment excluded application of Article 119 to pension benefits payable in respect of those periods, so that employers and trustees were not required to ensure equal treatment as far as those benefits were concerned.
Første spørgsmål, tredje led
Question 1(3)
Den forelæggende ret anmoder Domstolen om at udtale sig om henholdsvis arbejdsgivernes og »the trustees'« forpligtelser, når det er fastslået, at den direkte virkning af traktatens artikel 119 kan påberåbes såvel over for arbejdsgiverne som »the trustees«.
The High Court's first question concerned the respective liabilities of the employer and the trustees if it was established that the direct effect of Article 119 of the Treaty could be relied on against both the employer and the trustees.
Den nationale ret ønsker oplyst, om »the trustees«, når visse af de for ordningen gældende regler er uforenelige med ligelønsprincippet, skal administrere ordningen således, at de ser bort fra disse regler, eller om arbejdsgiveren og »the trustees« skal ændre dem for at gøre dem forenelige med artikel 119.
By the second part of its first question the High Court asked whether, where certain rules of the scheme were incompatible with the principle of equal pay, the trustees should administer the scheme without regard to those rules, or whether the employer and the trustees should amend them so as to make them compatible with Article 119.
Retten ønsker desuden oplyst, om den eneste måde at tilvejebringe ligebehandling på i alle tilfælde er at forhøje ydelserne til det ugunstigt stillede køn, eller om ligebehandling også kan opnås ved at nedsætte ydelserne til den privilegerede gruppe.
The High Court also asked whether the only way of bringing about equal treatment was in any event to increase the benefits of the disadvantaged class, or whether such equality could also be achieved by reducing the benefits of the advantaged class.
Selv om artikel 119 pålægger arbejdsgiverne en forpligtelse til at nå et bestemt resultat, nemlig at mænd og kvinder skal have samme løn for samme arbejde, foreskrives det hverken i artikel 119 eller i nogen anden fællesskabsbestemmelse, hvorledes arbejdsgiverne og - inden for rammerne af deres beføjelser - en erhvervstilknyttet pensionsordnings »trustees« skal opfylde denne forpligtelse.
Although Article 119 imposed on employers an obligation of result whereby men and women had to receive the same pay for the same work, neither that article nor any other provision of Community law regulated the way in which that obligation was to be implemented by employers or by the trustees of an occupational pension scheme acting within the limits of their powers.
Heraf følger, at den nationale retsinstans, som har pligt til at sørge for, at forpligtelsen til at nå dette resultat under alle omstændigheder opfyldes, i dette øjemed kan benytte alle de midler, der står til rådighed i national ret.
In so far as the relevant rules of national law prohibited them from acting beyond the scope of their powers or in disregard of the provisions of the trust deed, employers and trustees were bound, in order to ensure compliance with the principle of equal treatment, to use all the means available under domestic law, such as recourse to the national courts, especially where, as seems to have been the case in this instance, involvement of the national courts was necessary to amend the provisions of the pension scheme or of the trust deed.
Den kan således bestemme, at arbejdsgiveren skal indbetale yderligere bidrag til ordningen, at forpligtelser i medfør af artikel 119 først skal
Thus, it could order the employer to pay additional sums into the scheme, order that any sum payable by virtue of Article 119 should first be paid out of any surplus funds of the scheme or order that the sums to which members were entitled should be paid by the trustees out of the scheme's assets, even if no claim had been made against the employer or the employer had not reacted to such a claim.
Hvis de regler i national ret, der Ander anvendelse på området, forbyder dem at handle uden for rammerne af deres beføjelser eller at tilsidesætte bestemmelser i trustens stiftelsesdokument, har arbejdsgiverne og »the trustees« pligt til at anvende alle de midler, der findes i national ret, for at sikre, at ligebehandlingsprincippet overholdes. Som eksempel herpå kan nævnes indbringelse af sagen for de nationale domstole, specielt når disses mellemkomst — som det synes at være tilfældet i nærværende sag — er nødvendig, for at der kan foretages ændringer i bestemmelserne vedrørende pensionsordningen eller i trustens stiftelsesdokument.
It followed that, once the Court had found that discrimination in relation to pay existed and so long as measures for bringing about equal treatment had not been adopted by the scheme, the only proper way of complying with Article 119 was to grant to the persons in the disadvantaged class the same advantages as those enjoyed by the persons in the favoured class.
indfries ved hjælp af ordningens eventuelle overskydende aktiver, eller at »the trustees« skal afdække pensionsrettigheder i pensionskassens aktiver, selv om der ikke er blevet fremsat noget krav over for arbejdsgiveren, eller denne ikke har reageret på et sådant krav.
The fact that there were difficulties in applying the principle of equal pay because the funds held by the trustees were insufficient or the employer could not provide additional funds was a problem to be resolved in accordance with national law which could not affect the answers given to the previous questions.
fastsat i artikel 9 i Rådets direktiv 86/378/EØF. Det var netop disse undtagelser, der førte til, at Domstolen fandt, at medlemsstaterne og de berørte parter med rimelighed kunne gå ud fra, at artikel 119 ikke fandt anvendelse på området, og derfor begrænsede de tidsmæssige virkninger af Barberdommen.
The problem for the national court related, as appeared from the file, to benefits such as a lumpsum payment in the event of an employee's death during his employment
Første spørgsmål, fjerde led
Question 2(1)
Denne begrænsning gælder derfor også for efterladtepensioner.
By the second question, the Court was asked to state the precise scope of the temporal limitation on the effects of the Barber judgment
Andet spørgsmål, femte led
Question 3
Den forelæggende ret ønsker oplyst, hvilken betydning det kan have for besvarelsen af spørgsmålets tre første led, at de midler, »the trustees« bestyrer, er utilstrækkelige til, at ydelserne kan gøres ensartede.
Given the reasons explained in the Barber judgment for limiting its effects in time, it had to have been made clear that equality of treatment in the matter of occupational pensions could be claimed only in relation to benefits payable in respect of periods of service subsequent to 17 May 1990, the date of the Barber judgment, subject to the exception in favour of workers or those claiming under them who have, before that date, initiated legal proceedings or raised an equivalent claim under the applicable national law.
Den nationale ret ønsker oplyst, om og på hvilken måde begrænsningen af de tidsmæssige virkninger af Barberdommen gælder for ydelser, der skal udbetales i henhold til erhvervstilknyttede sociale sikringsordninger, og som ikke afhænger af, hvor længe den pågældende faktisk har været beskæftiget.
The High Court asked whether the Barber judgment and more particularly the limitation of its effects in time, concerned not only contractedout occupational pension schemes but also noncontractedout occupational pension schemes.
Det fremgår af oplysningerne i sagen, at det, den forelæggende ret er i tvivl om, er ydelser som f.eks. betaling af et engangsbeløb i tilfælde, hvor en arbejdstager afgår ved døden, mens arbejdsforholdet består.
It followed that the scope of the principles laid down in the Barber judgment could not be regarded as being limited to contractedout occupational schemes and that those principles also concerned noncontractedout occupational schemes .
Andet spørgsmål, første led
Question 4
I denne forbindelse er det tilstrækkeligt at bemærke, at eftersom en ydelse af denne art skal udbetales, når der blot består et ansættelsesforhold på det tidspunkt, hvor den omstændighed, der udløser ydelsen, indtræffer, uden hensyn til varigheden af de forudgående beskæftigelsesperioder, gælder begrænsningen af de tidsmæssige virkninger af Barberdommen kun for tilfælde, hvor den udløsende omstændighed indtraf før den 17. maj 1990.
Moreover, survivors' pensions were, like the determination of retirement age, among the exceptions provided for by Article 9 of Council Directive 86/378/EEC on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women in occupational social security schemes.
Efter dette tidspunkt skal ligebehandlingsprincippet overholdes, når sådanne ydelser udredes, uden at der er grund til at opstille en sondring mellem beskæftigelsesperioder før og efter Barberdommen.
It was precisely the existence of those exceptions which led the Court to hold that the Member States and parties concerned were reasonably entitled to consider that Article 119 did not apply in this context and consequently to limit the effects in time of the Barber judgment
Under hensyntagen til begrundelsen for begrænsningen af de tidsmæssige virkninger af Barberdommen bør det præciseres, at ligebehandlingen med hensyn til erhvervstilknyttede pensioner kun kan påberåbes, for så vidt angår ydelser, der vedrører beskæftigelsesperioder efter domsafsigelsen den 17. maj 1990, medmindre arbejdstagerne eller disses ydelsesberettigede pårørende forinden har anlagt sag eller rejst en tilsvarende administrativ klage i henhold til den nationale lovgivning, der finder anvendelse.
The High Court asked whether Article 119 precluded actuarial factors differing according to sex from being taken into account in occupational pension schemes and, if so, how the limitation of the effects in time of the Barber judgment applied in this context.
Andet spørgsmål, fjerde led
Question 2(5)
Det ønskes oplyst, om og på hvilken måde begrænsningen af de tidsmæssige virkninger af Barberdommen gælder for efterladtepensioner.
By its second question the national court asked whether, and how, the limitation of the effects in
Efterladtepensioner nævnes ligesom fastsættelse af pensionsalderen blandt de undtagelser, der er
The actuarial factors in question were essentially those linked to demographic assumptions.
High Court anmoder Domstolen om at udtale sig om, hvorvidt Barberdommen, specielt begrænsningen af dens tidsmæssige virkninger, ikke alene gælder for erhvervstilknyttede pensionsordninger, som er »contracted-out«, men også for erhvervstilknyttede ordninger, som ikke er det.
Since women lived on average longer than men, their future pensions were more costly than those of men and required the employer to pay higher contributions.
Det må fastslås, at rækkevidden af de i Barberdommen opstillede principper ikke kan anses for at være begrænset til erhvervstilknyttede pensionsordninger, der er »contracted-out«, men at disse principper også gælder for erhvervstilknyttede ordninger, som ikke er det.
As a result of such actuarial factors being taken into account, the sums to which male employees were entitled, in particular where part of the pension was converted into a capital sum or where acquired rights were transferred, were lower than those to which female employees were entitled.
Fjerde spørgsmål
Question 5(2)
Artikel 119 finder anvendelse på alle ydelser, der udbetales til en arbejdstager i henhold til en erhvervstilknyttet pensionsordning, hvad enten ordningen beror på bidragsbetaling eller ej.
In answering the question whether such differences were compatible with Article 119, the first question which the Court had to consider was whether transfer benefits and capital-sum benefits constituted pay within the meaning of that article.
High Court ønsker i det væsentlige oplyst, om artikel 119 er til hinder for, at der i forbindelse med erhvervstilknyttede pensionsordninger tages hensyn til aktuarmæssige faktorer, som er forskellige for mænd og kvinder.
In its judgment of 22 December 1993 in Neath the Court had already ruled that the use of actuarial factors differing according to sex in funded defined-benefit occupational pension schemes did not fall within the scope of Article 119 of the Treaty.
Imidlertid forholder det sig anderledes med hensyn til eventuelle ekstraordinære bidrag, som arbejdstagerne frivilligt indbetaler med henblik på at opnå supplerende ydelser, som f.eks. en supplerende, fast pension til medlemmet eller ydelsesberettigede pårørende, en supplerende, skattefri engangsydelse eller supplerende engangsydelser ved død.
The essence of the second part of the High Court's fifth question was whether, in the event of the transfer of pension rights from one occupational scheme to another owing to a worker's change of job, the second scheme was obliged, on the worker reaching retirement age, to increase the benefits it undertook to pay him when accepting the transfer so as to eliminate the effects, contrary to Article 119, suffered by the worker in consequence of the inadequacy of the capital transferred, this being due in turn to the discriminatory treatment suffered under the first scheme.
At der tages hensyn til sådanne aktuarmæssige faktorer giver sig, især ved konvertering af en del af pensionen til en engangsydelse og overførsel af optjente rettigheder, udslag i, at de beløb, mandlige arbejdstagere har krav på, er lavere end dem, kvindelige arbejdstagere har krav på.
The rights accruing to the worker from Article 119 could not be affected by the fact that he changed his job and had to join a new pension scheme, with his acquired pension rights being transferred to the new scheme.
Disse supplerende ydelser beregnes nemlig særskilt, alene i forhold til de indbetalte bidrag, som indbetales til en særlig kasse, som »the trustees« forvalter adskilt fra den, arbejdsgivernes og arbejdstagernes bidrag i henhold til den egentlige erhvervstilknyttede pensionsordning indgår i.
The High Court asked whether the principle of equal treatment laid down in Article 119 applied to all pension benefits paid by occupational schemes or whether a distinction was to be drawn according to the kind of contributions to which those benefits were attributable, namely employers' contributions or employees' contributions, the latter having been either compulsory or voluntary.
Med henblik på besvarelsen af spørgsmålet, om sådanne forskelle er forenelige med artikel 119, må der tages stilling til, om ydelser, der overføres, og engangsydelser er løn i den nævnte artikels forstand.
However, since in the Barber judgment the Court limited the direct effect of Article 119 so as to allow it to be relied upon in claims for equal treatment in the matter of occupational pensions only in relation to benefits payable in respect of periods of service subsequent to 17 May 1990, neither the scheme which transferred rights nor the scheme which accepted them was required to take the financial steps necessary to bring about a situation of equality in relation to periods of service prior to 17 May 1990.
I denne forbindelse bemærkes, at Domstolen allerede i dommen af 22. december 1993 i Neathsagen kendte for ret, at anvendelse af forskellige aktuarmæssige faktorer for mænd og kvinder i forbindelse med erhvervstilknyttede pensionsordninger, der er funderede og ydelsesdefinerede, ikke falder ind under anvendelsesområdet for traktatens artikel 119.
It followed that Article 119 applied to all benefits payable to an employee by an occupational pension scheme, irrespective of whether the scheme was contributory or noncontributory. Whether contributions were payable by the employer or the employees had no bearing on the concept of pay when applied to occupational pensions, which was to conform to the principle of equal treatment in their entirety, whatever the source of their funding.
I denne forbindelse må det antages, at arbejdstagerens rettigheder i henhold til artikel 119 ikke kan påvirkes af, at han overgår til anden beskæftigelse og må tilslutte sig en ny pensionskasse, som de optjente pensionsrettigheder overføres til.
It followed that a worker could not rely on Article 119 in order to claim pay to which he could be entitled if he belonged to the other sex in the absence, now or in the past, in the undertaking concerned of workers of the other
High Court ønsker oplyst, om ligebehandlingsprincippet i artikel 119 finder anvendelse på alle pensionsydelser, der udbetales i henhold til erhvervstilknyttede ordninger, eller om der er grund til at opstille en sondring, alt efter hvilken type bidrag ydelserne kan henføres til, dvs. arbejdsgivernes eller arbejdstagernes
However, the situation was different in the case of additional voluntary contributions paid by employees to secure additional benefits such as, for example, an additional fixed pension for the member or the member's dependants, an additional tax-free lump sum or additional lump sum benefits on death.
finder anvendelse på pensionskasser, som altid kun har haft medlemmer af det ene køn.
sex who perform or performed comparable work.
I så fald kan hovedkriteriet for, om der foreligger ligebehandling med hensyn til løn, som er, at der udføres samme arbejde og opnås samme løn, nemlig ikke anvendes.
In such a case, the essential criterion for ascertaining that equal treatment exists in the matter of pay, namely the performance of the same work and receipt of the same pay, could not be applied.
High Court ønsker oplyst, om artikel 119 også
The Court held:
Såvel arbejdstagerne som deres ydelsesberettigede pårørende kan påberåbe sig den direkte virkning af EØF-traktatens artikel 119 over for en erhvervstilknyttet pensionsordnings 'trustees', som har pligt til at overholde ligebehandlingsprincippet inden for rammerne af deres beføjelser og forpligtelser som fastlagt i trustens sliftelsesdokument.
The directeffect of Article 119 of'the EEC Treaty may be relied on by both employees and their dependants against the Pastees of an occupational pension scheme who are bound, in the exercise of their powers and performance of their obligations as laid down in the trust deed, to observe the principle of equal treatment
Selv om national ret forbyder arbejdsgiverne og 'the trustees' at handle uden for rammerne af deres respektive beføjelser eller at tilsidesætte bestemmelserne i trustens stiftelsesdokument, har de pligt til at anvende alle de midler, der findes i national ret, såsom indbringelse af sagen for de nationale domstole, med henblik på at ophæve enhverforskelsbehandling med hensyn til løn.
In so far as national law prohibits employers and trustees from acting beyond the scope of their respective powers or in disregard of the provisions of the trust deed, they are bound to use all the means available under domestic law, such as recourse to the national courts, in order to eliminate all discrimination in the matter of pay.
For så vidt angår beskæftigelsesperioder, der er tilbagelagt mellem det tidspunkt, hvor Domstolen har fastslået, at der foreligger forskelsbehandling, og det tidspunkt, hvor foranstaltninger til ophævelse afforskeLsbehandlingen er trådt i kraft, er det nødvendigt for en korrekt gennemførelse af ligelønsprincippet, at der gives de ugunstigt stillede arbejdstagere de samme fordele, som de øvrige arbejdstagere har haft.
As regards periods of service completed after the Court's finding ofdiscrimination but before the entry into force of the measures designed to diminate it, correct implementation of the principle of equal pay requires that the disadvantaged employees should be granted the same advantages as those previously enjoyed by the other employees.
Derimod er artikel 119 — for så vidt angår beskæftigelsesperioder efter det tidspunkt, hvor de nævnte foranstaltninger er trådt i kraft — ikke til hinder for, at ligebehandling tilvejebringes ved at begrænse de privilegerede arbejdstageres fordele.
However, as regards periods of service subsequent to the entry into force of those measures, Article 119 does not preclude equal treatment from being achieved by reducing the advantages which the advantaged employees used to enjoy.
Endelig indeholdt fællesskabsretten for så vidt angår beskæftigelsesperioder f ør den 17. maj 1990, hvor Barberdommen (sag C-262/88) blev afsagt, ikke nogen forpligtelse, der kunne begrunde foranstaltninger, som efterfølgende begramser de privilegerede arbejdstageres fordele.
Finally, as regards periods of service prior to 17 May 1990, the date on which the judgment in Case C262/88 Barber ν Guardian Royal Exchange Assurance Group was delivered, Community law imposed no obligation which would justify retroactive reduction of the advantages enjoyed by the favoured employees.
Den nationale retsinstans skal sørge for en korrekt gennemførelse af traktatens artikel 119 under hensyntagen til de forpligtelser, derpåhviler arbejdsgiverne og *the trustees· i medfør af reglerne i national ret
The national court is bound to ensure correct implementation of Article 119, taking due account of the respective liabilities of the employers and trustees under the rules of domestic law.
Eventuelle problemer, som skyldes, at de midler, 'the trustees' bestyrer, er utilstrækkelige til at gøre ydelserne ensartede, skal løses på grundlag af national ret under hensyntagen til ligelønsprincippet og kan ikke indvirke på besvarelsen af de f oregående spørgsmål.
Any problems arising because the funds held by the trustees are insufficient to equalize benefits must be resolved on the basa of national law in the tight of the principle of equal pay and such problems cannot affect the answers to the previous questions.
I kraft af Barberdommen kan den direkte virkning af traktatens artikel 119 kun påberåbes til støtte for krav om ligebehandling med hensyn til erhvervstilknyttede pensioner, for så vidt angår ydelser, der vedrører beskæftigelsesperioder efter den 17. maj 1990, medmindre arbejdstagerne eller disses ydelsesberettigede pårørende — som anført i dommen —forinden har anlagt sag eller rejst en tilsvarende administrativ klage i henhold til den nationale lovgivning, der finder anvendelse.
By virtue of the Barber judgment the direct effect of Article 119 of the Treaty may be relied upon,for the purpose of claiming equal treatment in the matter of occupational pensions, only in reunion to benefits payable in respect of periods of service subsequent to 17 May 1990, subject to the exception in favour of workers or those claiming under them who have, before that date, initiated legal proceedings or raised an equivalent claim under the applicable national law.
Begrænsningen af de tidsmæssige virkninger af Barberdommen gælder for efterladtepensioner, og der kan følgelig kun kræves ligebehandling på dette område, for så vidt angår beskæftigelsesperioder efter den 17. maj 1990.
The limitation of the effects in time of the Barber judgment applies to survivors' pensions and consequently equal treatment in this matter may be claimed only in relation to periods of service subsequent to 17 May 1990.
Begrænsningen af de tidsmæssige virkninger afBarber-dommen gælder kun forydelser, som ikke afhænger af, hvor længe den pågældende faktisk har været beskæftiget, såfremt den udløsende omstændighed indtraf før den 17. maj 1990.
The limitation of the effects in time of the Barber judgment is applicable to benefits not linked to the length of actual service only where the operative event occurred before 17 May 1990.