natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Det tilkommer således Kommissionen at vurdere, om det er hensigtsmæssigt at gribe ind over for en medlemsstat, at tage stilling til, hvilke bestemmelser den har tilsidesat, og at vælge tidspunktet for indbringelse af en traktatbrudssag, og de overvejelser, der er afgørende for dette valg, har ingen betydning for formalitetsspørgsmålet.
The Italian Government first submits a plea to the effect that the Commission was not entitled to initiate a second procedure for a declaration of failure to fulfil obligations, in respect of complaints based on Articles 5 and 85 of the Treaty, without withdrawing its first action, inasmuch as it concerned breach of Articles 9 and 12 of the Treaty.
Det må dernæst undersøges, i hvilket omfang en faglig organisation som CNSD optræder som en sammenslutning af virksomheder, jf. traktatens artikel 85, stk 1, når den udarbejder tariffen.
Pursuant to Article 7 of the tariff, at its meeting of 15 December 1989 the CNSD decided to increase the prices set by the tariff by 8% from 1 January 1990.
Herved bemærkes, at den omstændighed, at et nationalt organ som CNSD har offentligretlig status, ikke er til hinder for anvendelse af traktatens artikel 85.
With regard to the first plea, apart from the fact that only the sending of the letter of formal notice preceded the delivery by the Court of its judgment in Case C-119/92, it must be pointed out that, by virtue of Articles 155 and 169 of the Treaty, the Commission is the custodian of Community legality.
Ifølge sin egen ordlyd finder denne bestemmelse anvendelse på aftaler mellem virksomheder og på vedtagelser indenfor sammenslutninger af virksomheder.
In that capacity, its task is to ensure, in the general interest of the Community, that the Treaty is properly applied by the Member States and to note the existence of any failure to fulfil the obligations deriving therefrom, with a view to bringing it to an end.
Med hensyn til det andet anbringende bemærkes blot, at den begrundede udtalelse indeholder en sammenhængende og præcis fremstilling af de grunde, som har overbevist Kommissionen om, at den pågældende stat har tilsidesat en af de forpligtelser, der påhviler den i henhold til traktaten.
On 24 March 1992 it applied to the Court for a declaration that the Italian Republic had infringed Articles 9 and 12 of the EC Treaty by approving the tariff. That claim was dismissed by judgment of 9 February 1994 in Case C-119/92 Commission ν Italy, on the ground that there was no obligation on the importer to have recourse in all circumstances to the services of a professional customs forwarding agent.
CNSD skal udarbejde tariffen for toldklarerernes tjenesteydelser på grundlag af forslag fra de regionale råd (artikel 14, litra d), i lov nr. 1612/1960).
On 30 June 1993 the Commission adopted Decision 93/438/EEC relating to a proceeding pursuant to Article 85 of the EEC Treaty, in
Ved afgørelsen af den traktatbrudssag, som Kommissionen har anlagt, må det for det første
From the foregoing considerations, it is evident that the fact that a Member State is constrained
Det følger af de foregående betragtninger, at CNSD ved at fastsætte tariffen har tilsidesat traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1.
Article 85 of the Treaty. According to its wording, that provision applies to agreements between undertakings and decisions by associations of undertakings.
For det andet må det fastslås, at de beslutninger, hvorved CNSD har fastsat en ensartet og bindende tarif for alle toldklarerere, begrænser konkurrencen i den betydning, der forudsættes i traktatens artikel 85, og at de kan påvirke samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet.
As far as the second plea is concerned, it is sufficient to point out that the reasoned opinion contains a coherent and precise statement of the reasons which persuaded the Commission that the State concerned had failed to fulfil one of its obligations under the Treaty.
For det tredje skal det undersøges, i hvilket omfang denne tilsidesættelse kan tilregnes Den Italienske Republik
In that respect there is no rule in the national legislation in question obliging, or even encouraging, the members of either the CNSD or the Departmental Councils to take into account public-interest criteria.
Tariffen fastsætter nemlig direkte priserne for toldklarerernes tjenesteydelser.
Secondly, it must be held that the decisions by which the CNSD set a uniform, compulsory tariff for all customs agents restrict competition within the meaning of Article 85 of the Treaty and are capable of affecting intraCommunity trade.
Endelig er tariffen bindende (artikel 5), således at en toldklarerer ikke kan fravige den på eget initiativ.
In order to give judgment on the Commission's application for a declaration of failure to fulfil obligations, the question whether the tariff constitutes a decision of an association of undertakings within the meaning of Article 85 must first be examined.
Kun CNSD er bemyndiget til at bevilge undtagelser (artikel 6).
Only the CNSD is empowered to provide for derogations (Article 6).
Dette er navnlig tilfældet, når en medlemsstat enten foreskriver eller fremmer indgåelse af aftaler i strid med artikel 85 eller forstærker sådanne aftalers virkninger, eller berøver sine egne bestemmelser deres statslige karakter ved til private erhvervsdrivende at uddelegere ansvaret for at træffe beslutninger om økonomisk intervention.
It must first be noted that, according to settled case-law, the concept of an undertaking covers any entity engaged in an economic activity, regardless of its legal status and the way in which it is financed and that any activity consisting in offering goods and services on a given market is an economic activity.
Med hensyn til samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet bemærkes blot, at en aftale, som strækker sig over en medlemsstats hele område, ifølge selve sin natur, bevirker en styrkelse af opdelingen i nationale markeder, hvorved den hæmmer den med traktaten tilstræbte økonomiske sammenvoksning.
The activity of customs agents has an economic character. They offer, for payment, services consisting in the carrying out of customs formalities, relating in particular to the importation, exportation and transit of goods, as well as other complementary services such as services in monetary, commercial and fiscal areas.
Den Italienske Republik har ved at fastsætte de pågældende nationale bestemmelser ikke blot foreskrevet, at der skal indgås en aftale i strid med traktatens artikel 85, og har givet afkald på at øve indflydelse på dens indhold, men også medvirker til at sikre dens overholdelse.
As regards the question whether intraCommunity trade is affected, it need merely be pointed out that an agreement extending over the whole of the territory of a Member State has, by its very nature, the effect of reinforcing the compartmentalisation of markets on a national basis, thereby holding up the economic interpénétration which the Treaty is designed to bring about.
Selv om ingen lov eller forvaltningsforskrift giver finansministeren kompetence til at godkende tariffen, står det dog fast, at finansministerens dekret af 6. juli 1988 har givet tariffen skin af offentlige forskrifter.
In those circumstances, the fact that the activity of customs agent is intellectual, requires authorisation and can be pursued in the absence of a combination of material, non-material and human resources, is not such as to exclude it from the scope of Articles 85 and 86 of the EC Treaty.
Denne indflydelse er så meget mere mærkbar her i sagen, som forskellige typer transaktioner for indførsel og udførsel af varer inden for Fællesskabet, samt transaktioner foretaget mellem EF-erhvervsdrivende kræver opfyldelse af toldformaliteter og følgelig nødvendiggør medvirken fra en selvstændig toldklarerer, der er opført i registret.
That effect is all the more appreciable in this case because the various types of import or export operations within the Community, as well as transactions between Community traders, require customs formalities to be carried out and may, in consequence, make it necessary for an independent registered customs agent to be involved.
•1) Den Italienske Republik har tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til EF-traktatens artikel 5 og 85, idet Italien har indført og opretholdt en lov, der, ved at tildele beslutningskompetence hertil, pålægger toldklarerernes nationale råd (Consiglio nazionale degli spedizionieri doganali — CNSD), at bringe en vedtagelse inden for en sammenslutning af virksomheder i stand, som er i strid med EF-traktatens artikel 85, og som består i, at det fastsætter en tarif, der er bindende for alle toldklarerere
The next point to be considered is the extent to which a professional body such as the CNSD is acting as an association of undertakings, within the meaning of Article 85(1) of the Treaty, when compiling the tariff.
Generaladvokat G. Cosmas fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Femte Afdeling) den 12. februar 1998.
In this connection, it must be borne in mind that the public law status of a national body such as the CNSD does not preclude the application of
»1) at fastslå, at Den Italienske Republik har tilsidesat sine pligter efter artikel 5 og 85 i Traktaten om oprettelse af Det Europæiske Fællesskab, da den har vedtaget og opretholdt en lov, som pålægger Consiglio nazionale degli spedizionieri doganali (CNSD), der er tillagt besluttende myndighed, at træffe en beslutning om at sammenslutte virksomheder, som er i strid med nævnte traktats artikel 85, for så vidt som der ved beslutningen fastsættes en bindende tarif for samtlige toldklarerere;
By adopting the national legislation in question, the Italian Republic clearly not only required the conclusion of an agreement contrary to Article 85 of the Treaty and declined to influence its terms, but also assists in ensuring compliance with that agreement.
Ved kendelse af 5. juli 1996 har Tribunale di Genova forelagt Domstolen en række præjudiciellespørgsmål vedrørende fortolkningen af EF-traktatens artikel 3, 5, 30, 59, 85 og 86 samt artikel 90, stk. 1, og af Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 4055/86 af 22. december 1986.
Advocate General G. Cosmas delivered his Opinion at the sitting of the Fifth Chamber on 12 February 1998.
Det bemærkes, at bestemmelserne i hovedsagen uden forskel rammer alle, altså ikke blot italienske, fartøjer, som besejler en af de pågældende havne.
Declare that, by adopting and maintaining in force a law which, in granting the relative decision­making power, requires the National Council of Customs Agents (Consiglio Nazionale degli Spedizionieri Doganali — CNSD) to adopt a decision by an association of undertakings contrary to Article 85 of the EC Treaty, consisting of setting a compulsory tariff for all customs agents, the Italian Republic has failed to fulfil its obligations under Articles 5 and 85 of the Treaty;
Den forelæggende ret rejser spørgsmålet, om der med hensyn til fortøjningsarbejderne i Genova og La Spezia foreligger et misbrug af dominerende stilling på en væsentlig del af fællesmarkedet på grund af de eksklusive rettigheder, der er tildelt dem af de offentlige myndigheder i Italien.
Preliminary ruling 'Freedom to provide services — Maritime transport — Undertakings holding exclusive rights — Mooring services for vessels in ports — Compliance with the competition rules — Tariffs' (Fifth Chamber) making a port stop in one of the ports in question.
oprindelse, ikke til formål at regulere varehandelen med de øvrige medlemsstater, og de restriktive virkninger, som den vil kunne medføre for de frie varebevægelser, er alt for usikre og indirekte til, at den i loven fastsatte forpligtelse kan betragtes som en foranstaltning, der er egnet til at hindre samhandelen mellem medlemsstaterne.
By order of 5 July 1996, the Tribunale di Genova (Distria Court, Genoa), referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling under Article 177 of the EC Treaty a number of questions on the interpretation of Articles 3, 5, 30, 59, 85, 86 and 90(1) of the EC Treaty and of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4055/86 of 22 December 1986.
Hvad angår eksistensen af eksklusive rettigheder bemærkes, at en virksomhed, som har et lovbestemt monopol på en væsentlig del af det fælles marked, ifølge fast retspraksis kan anses for at indtage en dominerende stilling som omhandlet i traktatens artikel 86.
Consequently, legislation such as that at issue in the main proceedings makes no distinction according to the origin of the goods transported, its purpose is not to regulate trade in goods with other Member States and the restrictive effects which it might have on the free movement of goods are too uncertain and indirect for the obligation which it imposes to be regarded as being capable of hindering trade between Member States.
Det første spørgsmål skal derfor besvares med, at traktatens artikel 30 ikke er til hinder for bestemmelser i en medlemsstat som de i sagen omhandlede, som pålægger søtransportvirksomheder, der er etableret i andre medlemsstater, hvis fartøjer besejler havnene i den første medlemsstat, at benytte tjenesteydelser, der ydes af grupper af fortøjningsarbejdere med eksklusive rettigheder, idet ydelserne betales med en højere takst end den faktiske omkostning ved den præsterede tjenesteydelse.
Those questions arose in proceedings between Corsica Ferries France SA (hereinafter 'Corsica Ferries') and Gruppo Antichi Ormeggiatori del Porto di Genova Coop, ari (the mooring group of the Port of Genoa, hereinafter 'the Genoa mooring group') and the Gruppo Ormeggiatori del Golfo di La Spezia Coop, ari (the mooring group of the Port of La Spezia, hereinafter 'the La Spezia mooring group') and the Ministero dei Trasporti e della Navigazione (Ministry of Transport and Shipping).
Det tredje spørgsmål
First question
Endvidere bemærkes, at selv om den omstændighed, at der skabes en dominerende stilling ved tildeling af eksklusive rettigheder som omhandlet i traktatens artikel 90, stk. 1, ikke i sig selv er uforenelig med artikel 86, overtræder en medlemsstat forbuddene i disse to bestemmelser, såfremt den pågældende virksomhed ved den blotte udøvelse af de eksklusive rettigheder, som er indrømmet den, foranlediges til at udnytte sin dominerende stilling på en måde, der er udtryk for misbrug, eller såfremt rettighederne må antages at skabe en retstilstand, som medfører, at virksomheden gør sig skyldig i et sådant misbrug.
The answer to the first question must therefore be that Article 30 of the EC Treaty does not preclude legislation of a Member State, such as that at issue in this case, which requires shipping companies which are established in other Member States and whose vessels make port stops in the first-mentioned Member State to have recourse to the services of local mooring groups holding exclusive concessions, for a charge higher than the actual cost of the service provided.
Heraf følger, at en medlemsstat uden at overtræde traktatens artikel 86 kan tildele eksklusive rettigheder vedrørende udførelse af fortøjningstjeneste i sine havne til lokale grupper af fortøjningsarbejdere, såfremt disse ikke misbruger deres dominerende stilling og ikke nødvendigvis foranlediges til at begå et sådant misbrug.
By its first question the national court asks, essentially, whether Article 30 of the Treaty precludes legislation of a Member State which requires shipping companies which are established in other Member States and whose vessels make port stops in the first-mentioned State to use the services of mooring groups holding exclusive concessions, for a charge higher than the actual cost of the service provided.
Med det tredje spørgsmål — som skal undersøges inden det andet spørgsmål, således at der kan gøres optimalt brug af indholdet af den faktiske og reuige sammenhæng, der fremgår af sagens akter — ønsker den nationale ret nærmere bestemt oplyst, om traktatens artikel 3, 5, 85, 86 og 90 er til hinder for, at bestemmelser i en medlemsstat, der tildeler virksomheder etableret i denne stat eneret på at udføre fortøjningstjeneste, stiller krav om anvendelse af nævnte tjeneste til en højere pris end den faktiske omkostning ved tjenesteydelserne og fastsætter forskellige takster fra havn til havn for ens ydelser.
The national court asks whether, although not directly concerning goods, the legislation at issue in the main proceedings is contrary to Article 30 of the Treaty, inasmuch as its effect is to render transport more costly and therefore to impede imports of goods from other Member States.
Traktatens artikel 85 og 86 vedrører i sig selv udelukkende virksomheders adfærd og omfatter ikke love eller administrative bestemmelser, som er fastsat af medlemsstaterne. Det fremgår imidlertid af fast praksis, at traktatens artikel 85 og 86, sammenholdt med artikel 5, pålægger medlemsstaterne ikke at indføre eller opretholde foranstaltninger — selv ikke i form af love eller administrative bestemmelser — som kan ophæve den tilsigtede virkning af de for virksomhederne gældende konkurrenceregler.
By its third question, which it is appropriate to examine before the second question in order to make the best possible use of the information concerning the factual and legal context given in the file, the national court asks, essentially, whether Articles 3, 5, 85, 86 and 90 of the Treaty preclude legislation in a Member State which confers on undertakings established in that State an exclusive right to provide mooring services, requires those services to be used for a charge higher than the actual cost of the services provided, and provides for tariffs that vary from one port to another for equivalent services.
Traktatens artikel 86 og 90
It should be noted that, in the case in the main proceedings, the legislation applies without distinction to any vessel, Italian or otherwise,
det i hovedsagen oplyste, at der foreligger en aftale mellem virksomheder, der har til formål eller til følge at begrænse konkunencen.
of the Treaty. Mooring groups are obliged to provide at any time and to any user a universal mooring service, for reasons of safety in port waters.
Det andet spørgsmål
Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty are, in themselves, concerned solely with the conduct of undertakings and not with laws or regulations adopted by Member States.
Under disse omstændigheder er det ikke uforeneligt med traktatens artikel 86 og artikel 90, stk. 1, i prisen for tjenesteydelsen at inkludere et element, der skal dække udgiften ved at opretholde den fuldstændige fortøjningstjeneste, forudsat at det pågældende element svarer til den ekstra udgift, der opstår på grund af tjenesteydelsens særlige kendetegn, og for den pågældende tjenesteydelse at fastsætte forskellige takster på grundlag af de enkelte havnes kendetegn.
However, it is settled law that Articles 85 and 86, read in conjunction with Article 5 of the Treaty, require the Member States not to introduce or maintain in force measures, even of a legislative or regulatory nature, which may render ineffective the competition rules applicable to undertakings.
Følgelig foreligger der ikke med bestemmelser som de i hovedsagen omhandlede en tilsidesættelse af traktatens artikel 86, sammenholdt med artikel 90, stk. 1, når grupperne af fortøjningsarbejdere faktisk af staten er blevet tildelt forvaltningen af en tjenesteydelse af almindelig økonomisk interesse i traktatens artikel 90, stk. 2's forstand, og når de øvrige betingelser for at anvende den undtagelse fra anvendelsen af traktatens regler, der er foreskrevet i denne bestemmelse, er opfyldt.
In those circumstances it is not incompatible with Articles 86 and 90(1) of the Treaty to include in the price of the service a component designed to cover the cost of maintaining the universal mooring service, inasmuch as it corresponds to the supplementary cost occasioned by the special characteristics of that service, and to lay down for that service different tariffs on the basis of the particular characteristics of each port.
Herved bemærkes, at den anfægtede ordning ikke synes at medføre nogen påviselig eller skjult forskelsbehandling i strid med traktatens artikel 59 og artikel 9 i forordning nr. 4055/86.
The national court asks whether there is an abuse, on the part of the Genoa and La Spezia mooring groups, of their dominant position on a substantial part of the common market by virtue of the exclusive rights conferred upon them by the Italian public authorities.
Den nationale ret nærer også tvivl vedrørende spørgsmålet, om den måde, hvorpå taksterne for fortøjningstjenesten fastsættes, er forenelig med traktatens artikel 85.
As far as the existence of exclusive rights is concerned, it is settled law that an undertaking having a statutory monopoly in a substantial part of the common market may be regarded as having a dominant position within the meaning of Article 86 of the Treaty.
Herved bemærkes for det første, at oplysningerne i hovedsagen ikke giver grundlag for at antage, at der foreligger en aftale i traktatens artikel 85's forstand.
Consequently, since the mooring groups have in fact been entrusted by the Member State with managing a service of general economic interest within the meaning of Article 90(2) of the Treaty, and the other conditions for applying the derogation from application of the Treaty rules which is laid down in that provision are satisfied, legislation such as that at issue does not constitute an infringement of Article 86 of the Treaty, read in conjunction with Article 90(1).
Dels gælder forpligtelsen i Genova's havn til at anvende den fortøjningstjeneste, der ydes af fortøjningsarbejderne i Genova, for samtlige søfartsvirksomheder uden forskel.
Article 85 of the Treaty
Dels kræves det i La Spezia's havn, at alle redere, hvis skibes bruttotonnage overstiger 500 tons, skal anvende de tjenester, der ydes af fortøjningsarbejderne i La Spezia.
The national court also asks whether the process whereby the tariffs for the mooring services are fixed is compatible with Article 85 of the Treaty.
En virksomhed som Corsica Ferries, der driver bilfærger, er således underlagt samme forpligtelse til at anvende fortøjningstjenesten som de italienske transportvirksomheder, som benytter fartøjer af tilsvarende stønelse.
Next, it should be pointed out that although merely creating a dominant position by granting exclusive rights within the meaning of Article 90(1) of the Treaty is not in itself incompatible with Article 86, a Member State is in breach of the prohibitions contained in those two provisions if the undertaking in question, merely by exercising the exclusive rights granted to it, is led to abuse its dominant position or if such rights are hable to create a situation in which that undertaking is led to commit such abuses.
Indledningsvis bemærkes, at det, med hensyn til en eventuel hindring for den frie udførelse af fortøjningstjeneste er tilstrækkeligt at henvise til bemærkningerne vedrørende anvendelsen af den undtagelse fra traktatens regler, som er foreskrevet i traktatens artikel 90, stk 2, for at antage, at en sådan hindring, såfremt den eksisterer, ikke strider mod traktatens artikel 59, idet betingelserne for at anvende artikel 90, stk. 2, er opfyldt.
In that connection it must be pointed out, first, that the file on the case in the main proceedings does not reveal the existence of an agreement, decision or concerted practice within the meaning of Article 85 of the Treaty.
Selv om grupperne af fortøjningsarbejdere rent faktisk er virksomheder i sidstnævnte bestemmelses forstand, fører en aftale mellem de pågældende grupper på nationalt plan — såfremt den består — ikke til fastsættelse af en fælles pris for samtlige havne, eftersom taksten beregnes efter en matematisk formel, på hvilken der anvendes forskellige justeringsfaktorer i tilknytning til den enkelte havns kendetegn.
It follows that a Member State may, without infringing Article 86 of the Treaty, grant exclusive rights for the supply of mooring services in its ports to local mooring groups provided those groups do not abuse their dominant position or are not led necessarily to commit such an abuse.