natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Eftersom el direktiv ikke i sig selv kan skabe forpligtelser for borgerne og således ikke som sådan kan påberåbes overfor dem, er det ufornødent at undersøge, om artikel 6 i første direktiv 68/151 har direkte virkning.*
Article 6 of the First Council Directive 68/151/EEC of 9 March 1968 on coordination of safeguards which, for the protection of the interests of members and others, are required by Member States of companies within the meaning of the second paragraph of Article 58 of the Treaty, with a view to making such safeguards equivalent throughout the Community, must be interpreted as precluding the legislation of a Member State from restricting to members or creditors of a company, the central works council or the company's works council the right to apply for imposition of the penalty provided f or by the law of that Member Slate in the event of failure by a company to fulfil the obligations regarding disclosure of annual accounts laid down by the First Directive 68/151.
»En tvangsbøde, der kun kan fastsættes på begæring af en selskabsdeltager, en kreditor, det fælles virksomhedsnævn eller selskabets virksomhedsnævn, er ikke nogen passende sanktion som omhandlet i direktiv 68/15 l/EØF, når et kapitalselskab undlader at offentliggøre sit årsregnskab.
Since a directive cannot of itself impose obligations on an individual, and cannot therefore be relied upon as such against such a person, there is no need to examine whether Article 6 of the First Directive 68/151 has direct effect.'
tilkendes andre personer end dem, der udtrykkeligt er nævnt i den pågældende nationale bestemmelse, ret til at begære fastsættelse af en tvangsbøde i overensstemmelse med de nationale regler.«
However, in the absence of any other national provision which, interpreted in the light of Community law, would constitute a correct means of transposing the directive, Article 6 thereof cannot be relied upon to confer upon persons other than those expressly referred to in the relevant provision of national law the right to bring an action for the imposition of the penalty provided for by national law.'
Sag C-207/96 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Den Italienske Republik Socialpolitik
Case C-207/96 Commission of the European Communities ν Italian Republic Social policy
4. december 1997 ligebehandling af mænd og kvinder — forbud mod natarbejde*
4 December 1997 women
Ved stævning indleveret til Domstolens Justitskontor den 19. juni 1996 har Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber anlagt sag med påstand om, at det fastslås, at Den Italienske Republik har tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til fællesskabsretten, idet den ikke inden for den fastsatte frist administrativt og ved lov har fastsat de nødvendige bestemmelser for at efterkomme Rådets direktiv 76/207/EØF af 9. februar 1976 (herefter »direktivet«), og idet den i strid med direktivets artikel 5 i national ret har opretholdt et forbud mod, at kvinder arbejder om natten.
By application lodged at the Court Registry on 19 June 1996, the Commission of the European Communities brought an action for a declaration that, by not adopting within the prescribed period the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary in order to comply with Council Directive 76/207/EEC of 9 February 1976 ('the Directive'), and by retaining in national law rules prohibiting nightwork by women, contrary to Article 5 of the Directive, the Italian Republic had failed to fulfil its obligations under Community law.
I dom af 25. juli 1991 i Stoeckel-sagen fastslog Domstolen, at direktivets artikel 5 er tilstrækkelig præcis til, at en medlemsstat ikke ved lov principielt kan forbyde, at kvinder arbejder om natten selv om der er fastsat undtagelser når det ikke er forbudt, at mænd arbejder om natten.
The Court held in Case C-345/89 Stoeckel [1991] ECR 1-4047 that Article 5 of the Directive is sufficiently precise to impose on Member States the obligation not to lay down by legislation the principle that nightwork by women is prohibited, even if that is subject to exceptions, where nighlwork by men is not prohibited.
På baggrund af dommen i Stoeckel- og i Levysagen og af, at Den Italienske Republik havde opsagt ILO-konvention nr. 89, var Kommissionen af den opfattelse, at Den Italienske Republik skulle træffe de foranstaltninger, der var nødvendige med henblik på at bringe den italienske lovs uforenelighed med direktivets artikel 5 til ophør.
Following the judgment in Stoeckel, cited above, the Italian Republic denounced the Convention in February 1992, with effect from February 1993.
Den italienske lov opretholder det forbud mod, at kvinder arbejder om natten, der var fastsat i lov nr. 1305 af 22. oktober 1952, hvorved Italien ratificerede Den Internationale Arbejdsorganisations (herefter »ILO«) konvention nr. 89 af 9. juli 1948 om kvinders natarbejde i industrien.
The Italian Law thus maintains in force the prohibition on nightwork by women laid down by Law No 1305 of 22 October 1952 which ratified
Det andet anbringende
The first complaint
Den Italienske Republik har ikke nedlagt en egentlig afvisningspåstand, men har anført, at det første anbringende først er blevet fremført i de påstande, der er nedlagt i stævningen.
The Italian Republic docs not formally raise a plea of inadmissibility but points out that the first complaint was formulated for the first time in the application where it sets out the form of order sought.
Kommissionen har gjort gældende, at med virkning fra februar 1993 har Den Italienske Republik, der fra da af ikke længere var bundet af ILO-konvention nr. 89, tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til direktivets artikel 5, idet den i national ret har opretholdt et forbud mod, at kvinder arbejder om natten.
It is settled case-law that the incompatibility of national legislation with Community provisions, even provisions which are directly applicable, can be finally remedied only by means of national provisions of a binding nature which have the same legal force as those which must be amended and also that the provisions of a directive must be implemented with unquestionable binding force and with the specificity, precision and clarity necessary to satisfy the need for legal certainty, which requires that, in the case of a directive intended to confer rights on individuals, the persons concerned must be enabled to ascertain the full extent of their rights.
Hertil bemærkes, at anbringendet forudsætter, at for så vidt angår kvinders natarbejde var Den Italienske Republik også inden opsigelsen af ILO-konvention nr. 89 forpligtet til at efterkomme direktivets bestemmelser.
It should be noted that this complaint presupposes that the Italian Republic was obliged to comply, as regards nightwork by women, with the Directive even before it denounced the Convention.
Da der således hverken under den administrative procedure eller i stævningen er givet en sammenhængende og detaljeret fremstilling af de grunde, som har ført Kommissionen til den opfattelse, at for så vidt angår kvinders natarbejde burde Den Italienske Republik, også inden den opsagde ILO-konvention nr. 89, have efterkommet direktivets bestemmelser, har Den Italienske Republik ikke virkningsfuldt kunnet tage til genmæle over for dette klagepunkt.
Since there was no cogent and detailed exposition, either in the pre-litigation procedure or in the application, of the considerations which led the Commission to take the view that the Italian Republic should have complied, as regards nightwork by women, with the provisions of the Directive even before it had denounced the Convention, the Italian Republic was unable effectively to put forward its defence to that complaint.
•1) Den Italienske Republik har tilsidesat sine forpligtelser i henhold til fællesskabsretten, idel den i strid med artikel 5 i Rådets direktiv 76/207/EØF af 9. februar 1976 om gennemførelse af princippet om ligebehandling af mænd og kvinder for så vidt angår adgang til beskæftigelse, erhvervsuddannelse, forfremmelse samt arbejdsvilkår i national ret har opretholdt et forbud mod, at kvinder arbejder om natten.
By retaining in national law rules prohibiting nightwork by women, contrary to Article 5 of Council Directive 76/207/EEC of 9 February 1976 on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions, the Italian Republic has failed to fulfil its obligations under Community law;
Sag C-225/96 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Den Italienske Republik Miljø- og forbrugerbeskyttelse
Case C-225/96 Commission of the European Communities ν Italian Republic Environment and consumers
4. december 1997 gennemførelse af direktiv
4 December 1997
79/923/EØF kvalitetskrav til
Failure to transpose Directive 79/923/EEC
Kommissionen modtog ikke underretning om nogen udpegning og fik ikke tilsendt nogen af de udbedte oplysninger, og den opfordrede derfor den 5. august 1991 den italienske regering til at fremkomme med sine bemærkninger inden foren frist på to måneder.
As the Commission considered that the Ministerial Decree of 27 April 1978 which the Italian authorities sent to it on 15 December 1981 did not meet the conditions laid down by the directive, particularly as regards the parameters to be monitored and the frequency of such monitoring, by letter of 9 September 1985 it asked those authorities to provide it with detailed information concerning the designation of shellfish waters.
idet den har undladt i overensstemmelse med artikel 4 i Rådets direktiv 79/923/EØF af 30. oktober 1979 (herefter »direktivet«) at udpege de vandområder, der kræver beskyttelse eller forbedring for at gøre det muligt for skaldyr at leve og vokse deri, og/eller har undladt i medfør af direktivets artikel 13 at give Kommissionen meddelelse om udpegningen,
by failing to designate waters needing protection or improvement in order to support shellfish life and growth in accordance with Article 4 of Council Directive 79/923/EEC of 30 October 1979 (hereafter 'the directive') and/or to notify such designation to the Commission in accordance with Article 13 of the directive;
Den 27. januar 1992 vedtog Den Italienske Republik lovdekret nr. 131 om gennemførelse af direktivet.
As it was not notified of any designation and none of the information requested was sent to it, the Commission gave the Italian Republic formal notice on 5 August 1991 to submit its observations within two months.
idet den har undladt i overensstemmelse med direktivets artikel 5 at udarbejde programmer med henblik på at mindske forureningen, og
by failing to establish programmes in order to reduce pollution in accordance with Article 5 of the directive, and
Imidlertid fandt Kommissionen, at selv om delte lovdekret i vidt omfang sikrer en gennemførelse af direktivet, er der ikke tale om en fuldstændig gennemførelse.
On 27 January 1992 the Italian Republic adopted Legislative Decree No 131, implementing the directive.
idet den har undladt i henhold til direktivets artikel 3 at fastsætte værdier for parametrene i punkt 8 og 9 i bilaget til direktivet, med undtagelse af kviksølv og bly.
by failing to set values for the parameters listed at points 8 and 9 of the Annex to the directive other than for mercury and lead, in accordance with Article 3 of the directive,
Da Kommissionen fandt, at det ministerielle dekret af 27. april 1978, som de italienske myndigheder den 15. september 1981 havde
However, the Commission takes the view that, although that Legislative Decree largely transposes the directive into national law, the transposition is not complete.
En fortolkning af direktivet, hvorefter det er tilladt medlemsstaterne at undlade at udpege alle skaldyrvandene, har ingen støtte i direktivets ordlyd, og ville i øvrigt stride mod direktivets målsætninger, nemlig miljøbeskyttelse og fjernelse af ulige konkurrencevilkår.
wording of the directive to support an interpretation which would allow Member States not to designate all shellfish waters; that would, moreover, be contrary to its purpose, which is the protection of the environment and the abolition of unequal conditions of competition.
Ganske vist rader medlemsstaterne over en skønsbeføjelse i relation til bedømmelsen af disse betingelser (behovet for beskyttelse eller forbedring) inden for rammerne af de parametre, der er fastlagt i bilaget til direktivet.
Article 4 of the directive provides that Member States are to designate shellfish waters, that is to say, the coastal and brackish waters they consider to need protection or improvement in order to support shellfish.
I modsætning til, hvad den italienske regering har hævdet, skal udpegningen imidlertid foretages, når de pågældende betingelser er
As for the other heads of the Commission's action, the Italian Republic does not deny that it has failed to fulfil its obligations and states that implementing measures will be notified shortly.
Den Italienske Republik ikke bestridt traktatbruddet for så vidt angår Kommissionens øvrige klagepunkter, men har anført, at der i nær fremtid gives meddelelse om gennemførelsesforanstaltninger.
Member States do have a certain discretion in ascertaining that those conditions (the need for protection or improvement) obtain, within the parameters set in the Annex to the directive.
Det hedder i domskonklusionen:
There is nothing in the
Forenede sager C-253/96 - C-258/96 Helmut Kampelmann rn.fl. / Land schaft sverband Westfalen-Lippe rn.fl. Socialpolitik
Joined Cases C-253/96 to C-258/96 Helmut Kampelmann and Others ν Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe and Others Social policy
Præjudiciel »Underretning af arbejdstageren (Femte Afdeling) og ansat ved tekniske medarbejdere Landschaftsverband.
Preliminary ruling (Obligation to inform (Fifth Chamber) had been incorrect and that their work in fact corresponded to a lower category which did not qualify them for higher grading in accordance with the applicable collective agreements.
Ved kendelser af 9. juli 1996 har Landesarbeitsgericht Hamm forelagt en række præjudiciellespørgsmal vedrørende fortolkningen af artikel 2, stk. 2, litra c), i Rådets direktiv 91/533/EØF af 14. oktober 1991 (herefter »direktivet«).
By orders of 9 July 1996, the Landesarbeitsgericht (Regional Labour Court), Hamm, referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling a number of questions on the interpretation of Article 2(2)(c) of Council Directive 91/533/EEC of 14 October 1991 (hereinafter 'the Directive').
Hver af dem blev skriftligt underrettet af arbejdsgiveren om den lønramme og det arbejdsniveau, som de befandt sig på.
Mr Kampelmann, Mr Tilsch, Mr Klingelhöfer and Mr Schmidt then applied to the appropriate Arbeitsgericht (Labour Court) for a declaration establishing their advancement to a higher grade.
Efter flere år ansøgte de pågældende i 1991 og 1992 om forfremmelse til en højere lønramme, men fik afslag fra Landschaftsverband med den begrundelse, at den vurdering af deres arbejdes værdi, som var blevet meddelt dem tidligere, var ukorrekt, og at deres arbejdsopgaver ifølge arbejdsgiveren i virkeligheden henhørte under et lavere arbejdsniveau, som ikke kunne give grundlag for oprykning til en højere lønramme ifølge de gældende kollektive overenskomster.
Those applications were dismissed on the ground that the applicants had not provided proof that they had the necessary length of service in their grade and category of activity to qualify for advancement to a higher grade on the basis of satisfactory service, as sought.
Kampelmann, Tilsch, Klingelhöfer og Schmidt indbragte dernæst sagen for Arbeitsgericht og nedlagde påstand om, at det blev fastslået, at de var indplaceret i en højere lønramme.
Mr Schade and Mr Haseley are employed respectively by Stadtwerke Witten and Stadtwerke Altena.
Disse spørgsmål er blevet rejst under en række sager mellem Kampelmann, Tilsch, Klingelhöfer og Schmidt på den ene side og på den anden side Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe (herefter »Landschaftsverband«) i sagerne C-253/96 C256/96, Stadtwerke Witten GmbH og Schade i sag C-257/96 samt Haseley og Stadtwerke Altena GmbH i sag C-258/96, vedrørende deres arbejdsgivers afslag på at forfremme dem til en højere lønramme med den begrundelse, at de ikke havde bevist at have den nødvendige anciennitet i udøvelsen af arbejdsopgaver svarende til det relevante niveau og de relevante kvalifikationer, på trods af skriftlige oplysninger om det modsatte, som deres arbejdsgiver havde tilsendt dem flere år tidligere.
Those questions were raised in a number of seu of proceedings, brought by Mr Kampelmann, Mr Tilsch, Mr Klingelhöfer and Mr Schmidt against the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe ('the Landschaftsverband') in Cases C-253/96 to C256/96, by Stadtwerke Witten GmbH against Mr Schade in Case C-257/96 and by Mr Haseley against Stadtwerke Altena GmbH in Case C258/96, concerning the employers' refusals to promote the employees to a higher grade on the ground that they had not proved that they had the required length of service in performing the work corresponding to the relevant level and degree of qualification, notwithstanding the written information to the contrary communicated to them by their employers several years earlier.
Sagerne C-253/96
Cases C-253/96 to C-256/96
De fik ikke medhold med den begrundelse, at sagsøgerne ikke havde bevist, at de faktisk havde den nødvendige anciennitet i den lønramme og på del arbejdsniveau, der krævedes for at kunne gøre krav på avancement til den krævede lønramme.
They were informed - Mr Haseley in 1987 and Mr Schade in 1991 — by letters from their employers that they had been promoted to a higher grade on the salary scale. In 1992, however, their employers refused to take that classification into account for the purpose of advancement to a higher grade on the basis of satisfactory service, on the ground that their duties had been incorrectly assessed and could not qualify them for such advancement.
ansættelsesforholdet ikke alene kan afhænge af arbejdsgiverens meddelelse i henhold til direktivets artikel 2, stk. 1.
In the present case, the Directive was transposed into German law by a Law of 20 July 1995.
Det må derfor være tilladt arbejdsgiveren at føre ethvert modbevis ved at godtgøre, enten at oplysningerne i meddelelsen er urigtige i sig selv, eller at de dementeres af de faktiske omstændigheder.
Between 30 June 1993, the date by which it should have been transposed, and 20 July 1995, individuals were entitled to rely on the relevant provisions of the Directive directly before the national courts in order to enforce, as a minimum level of guarantee, the rights which the Directive attaches to one or other of the categories of information to be notified to the employee by virtue of Article 2(2)(c).
Det fremgår af det andet spørgsmål, at den forelæggende ret reelt ønsker oplyst, om direktivets artikel 2, stk. 2, litra c), kan påberåbes umiddelbart for de nationale retter af private.
By its first and fourth questions, the national court wishes to know whether the notification referred to in Article 2(1) of the Directive, in so far as it informs an employee of the essential aspects of the contract or employment relationship and, in particular, of the points listed in Article 2(2) (c), is binding on the employer until such time as he has proved that it was incorrect.
Haseley blev i 1987 og Schade i 1991 skriftligt underrettet af deres arbejdsgivere om, at de var blevet forfremmet til en højere lønramme.
Since the date on which it was transposed, individuals can no longer rely on those provisions unless the national implementing measures are incorrect or inadequate in the light of the Directive.
De pågældende arbejdstagere anlagde derefter sag ved Arbeitsgericht for at opnå en indplacering i en højere lønramme.
In that regard, the Landschaftsverband, the German Government and the Commission have pointed out that the German legislature chose the option in Article 2(2)(c)(ii) of the Directive by requiring the employer to give written notification of 'the designation or general description of the work to be done by the employee'.
Det må fastslås, at de pågældende bestemmelser er ubetingede og tilstrækkeligt præcise til, at private kan påberåbe sig dem umiddelbart for de nationale retter, enten når staten har undladt at gennemføre direktivet i national ret inden for de fastsatte frister, eller når den har gennemført det ukorrekt.
The national courts must apply and interpret their national rules on the burden of proof in the light of the purpose of the Directive, giving the notification referred to in Article 2(1) such evidential weight as to allow it to serve as factual proof of the essential aspects of the contract of employment or employment relationship, enjoying such presumption as to its correctness as would attach, in domestic law, to any similar document drawn up by the employer and communicated to the employee.
Haseley fik ikke medhold, fordi han ikke havde bevist, at de opgaver, som han udførte, opfyldte kriterierne om arhejde, der var relevant for den pågældende lønramme.
Under that second option in Article 2(2)(c) of the Directive, the employer must give the employee a brief specification or description of the work in the notification.
Det første og det fjerde spørgsmål
However, the mere designation of an activity cannot in every case amount to even a brief specification or description of the work done by an employee.
I dette tilfælde må det fastslås, al direktivet er blevet gennemført i den tyske retsorden ved lov af 20. juli 1995.
Consequently, individuals may rely on Article 2(2)(c)(ii) of the Directive directly before the national courts, even after the entry into force of the implementing Law.
Med sit første og sit fjerde spørgsmål ønsker den forelæggende ret oplyst, om den i direktivets artikel 2, stk. 1, omhandlede meddelelse, for så vidt den oplyser arbejdstageren om de væsentlige punkter i arbejdskontrakten eller ansættelsesforholdet, og navnlig de punkter, der er nævnt i artikel 2, stk. 2, litra c), har den virkning, at den er bindende for arbejdsgiveren, så længe han ikke har bevist, at den er fejlagtig.
Since, however, the Directive does not itself lay down any rules of evidence, proof of the essential aspects of the contract or employment relationship cannot depend solely on the employer's notification under Article 2(1). The employer must therefore be allowed to bring any evidence to the contrary, by showing that the information in the notification is either inherently incorrect or has been shown to be so in fact.
I denne forbindelse har Landschaftsverband, den tyske regering og Kommissionen fremhævet, at den tyske lovgiver har valgt den mulighed, der nævnes i direktivets artikel 2, stk. 2, litra c), nr. ii), og pålagt arbejdsgiveren forpligtelse til skriftligt at meddele »benævnelsen for eller en generel beskrivelse af det arbejde, som arbejdstageren skal udføre«.
It is clear from the second question that the referring court wishes in substance to know whether individuals may rely on Article 2(2)(c) of the Directive directly before the national courts.
Da der ikke er fastsat nogen bevisordning i direktivet selv, skal det tilføjes, at beviset for de væsentlige punkter i arbejdskontrakten eller
By its fifth question, the referring court asks in substance whether Article 9(2) of the Directive must be interpreted as authorizing the Member States to exempt an employer from the obligation to give an employee written notification of the essential aspects of the contract or employment relationship, even at the employee's request, when those aspects are already set out in a document or contract of employment drawn up before the measures transposing the Directive entered into force.
anmodning, når disse oplysninger allerede nævnes i et dokument eller en arbejdskontrakt, der er oprettet, før bestemmelserne om direktivets gennemførelse trådte i kraft.
served by requiring the employer to give fresh notification of the essential aspects of a preexisting employment relationship or contract, after the measures transposing the Directive had entered into force, when those aspects have already been notified to the employee in question and have not changed,