natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
I mellemtiden havde Det Europæiske Økonomiske Fællesskab (herefter benævnt »Fællesskabet«) den 15. juni 1979 indgået en aftale med den senegalesiske regering om fiskeri ud for Senegals kyst.
Moreover, if the Community asked for zones to which other States lay claim to be excluded, that move would certainly be interpreted as interference by the Community in those disputes.
Denne aftale blev på Fællesskabets vegne godkendt ved Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 2212/80
The exclusion of such zones at the Community's request would also have the effect of weakening the claim of the non-member State in question to have the right to exercise such jurisdiction.
Den 27. februar 1980 indgik Fællesskabet ligeledes en fiskeriaftale med Guinea-Bissau, som blev godkendt ved Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 2213/80.
The fact that such disputes are submitted to arbitration or are the subject of legal proceedings strengthens that argument, since, where proceedings are pending before the ICJ, it is not appropriate for the Community to take a position on disputes between non-member States.
Første anbringende om ansvarspådragelse som følge af en generel retsakt, der er forhandlet af Kommissionen og udstedt af Rådet på forslag af Kommissionen
It follows from the foregoing that the principle of exercising care and ensuring good administration was not infringed by the Community institutions.
På samme måde har Fællesskabet den 25. april 1990 indgået og Rådet godkendt en protokol til aftalen med Guinea-Bissau om fastsættelse af fiskerimuligheder og finansiel godtgørelse, jf. forordning (EØF) nr. 1235/90.
The first plea: liability arising from a legislative act negotiated by the Commission and adopted by the Council on the Commission's proposal
Hvis Fællesskabet modsætter sig staters krav vedrørende de zoner, hvorover de hævder at
In the present case it is necessary to examine whether the defendant institutions infringed an obligation to insert in the agreements in question
Efter opbringningen af fartøjet foretog Guinea-Bissaus myndigheder beslaglæggelse og konfiskation af lasten, ca. 6 tons fisk, og af fartøjets papirer.
As regards the principle of legal certainty, it must be observed that the dispute between Guinea-Bissau and Senegal did create some uncertainty for operators fishing in the disputed waters.
Theodorus M's fiskerilicens var udstedt af det senegalesiske Ministerium for Havfiskeri i overensstemmelse med de forskrifter, der er gældende mellem Senegal og Fællesskabet.
However, that uncertainty was not attributable to the agreements and protocols which the Community concluded but to a dispute for which the Community is not responsible.
Ansøgningen om licens havde været forelagt de senegalesiske
In such circumstances, no fault can be found with
Andet anbringende om, at Kommissionen har pådraget sig ansvar ved at undlade at underrette sagsøgeren om tvisten udøve jurisdiktion, eller modsætter sig udøvelsen af jurisdiktionen, når der eksisterer en tvist, vil sådanne tredjelande sandsynligvis afvise at indgå aftaler med Fællesskabet.
Furthermore, if the Commission had considered it inappropriate to attach such notes to licences, it could have asked the Member States themselves to inform the persons concerned of the risks of fishing in the waters in dispute between the two States in question, as in fact was done by the Greek Government after the applicant's vessel was boarded.
Såfremt dette ydermere anmoder om udelukkelse af de områder, der anfægtes af andre stater, vil dette uden tvivl blive fortolket som en indblanding fra Fællesskabets side i disse tvister.
the Council and the Commission for not having given up the benefits which conclusion of the fishing agreements in question could bring to the Community, especially since Community fishermen were in a position to avoid the damaging consequences of the situation of uncertainty thus created.
En udelukkelse af sådanne områder på Fællesskabets anmodning kan ydermere medføre, at det pågældende tredjelands krav om at have ret til at udøve en sådan jurisdiktion svækkes.
It was for the master of the vessel to determine precisely his position at sea.
Dette argument er så meget vægtigere, når sådanne tvister behandles ved voldgift eller under en retssag, for så vidt det ikke tilkommer Fællesskabet at tage stilling i tvisten mellem tredjelande, når en sag verserer for ICJ.
If his intention was to fish in the disputed waters, the master had the possibility of applying in advance for a licence from each of the States concerned so as to avoid reprisals by one of them, provided that compliance was shown, if appropriate, for the provisions laid down by the Protocols concluded by the Community on the employment of nationals of the two States in question on his vessel, which, incidentally, played no material part in this case.
Det følger af det foregående, at fællesskabsinstitutionerne ikke har tilsidesat princippet om omhu og god forvaltningsskik.
On the assumption that the Commission did in fact infringe a duty to provide information, the question to be examined is whether such an infringement caused damage.
Sagsøgerens licens er således udstedt via Kommissionens delegation i Senegal.
It follows that the application must be dismissed in so far as it is directed against the Council.
I modsætning til hvad Kommissionen hævder, var dens delegation således i stand til med hver licens, den videresendte, at vedlægge en notits til licensindehaveren om de risici, der er forbundet med fiskeri i det omstridte område.
The second plea: liability of the Commission arising from the omission to inform the applicant about the dispute
I denne sammenhæng kan det ikke gøres gældende, at en sådan underretning ikke kunne formuleres uden at støde de pågældende to stater. Kommissionen er nemlig som institution i stand til at formulere en sådan underretning på en tilstrækkelig neutral og diplomatisk måde for at undgå at tage stilling i tvisten mellem de to stater.
Given the Commission's assertions that this event and the dispute between the two republics were known about in the circles concerned, the applicant has not, in spite of a measure of organization of procedure, explained what its master specifically knew, nor has it called witnesses, such as the master, to controvert the Commission's assertions even though they related to the applicant's own case.
Såfremt Kommissionen i øvrigt havde fundet det uhensigtsmæssigt at knytte sådanne notitser til licenserne, kunne den have anmodet medlemsstaterne om at informere de pågældende om mulige risici ved fiskeri i det omstridte farvand mellem de to stater, hvilket den græske regering i øvrigt har gjort efter opbringningen af sagsøgerens fartøj.
In view of those circumstances, the master of the applicant's vessel must be considered to have known about the dispute between Guinea-Bissau and Senegal over the zone in question and about the risks which he ran of being boarded there by one of the two republics, without its being necessary for the Court of its own motion to call the master as a witness.
Såfremt det antages, at Kommissionen således faktisk har overtrådt en informationspligt, må det undersøges, om en sådan overtrædelse har forårsaget skaden. Hvis nemlig fartøjsføreren havde kendskab til tvisten på det tidspunkt, da fartøjet blev opbragt, har det forhold, at Kommissionen ikke har underrettet denne herom, ikke kunnet spille nogen rolle i forbindelse med fremkaldelsen af det påståede tab.
The Court considers that, although the master of the vessel was in fact aware that the zone in question was disputed by the two republics, the boarding of his vessel can be explained only by his deliberate decision to fish there at his own risk or by a navigational error which caused him to fish there without his realizing it.
For så vidt angår retssikkerhedsprincippet bemærkes, at tvisten mellem Guinea-Bissau og Senegal faktisk har medført en vis usikkerhed for de fartøjsejere, der fisker i de omstridte farvande.
In either case, the Commission's failure to inform the applicant of the dispute between the two States in question did not cause the alleged damage.
Denne usikkerhed skyldes imidlertid ikke de aftaler og protokoller, som Fællesskabet har indgået, men en konflikt, som Fællesskabet ikke er ansvarlig for.
However, the question to be examined is whether, from the administrative point of view, the Commission committed a fault of such a nature for the Community to incur liability by not protecting Community vessels fishing in the disputed zone on the basis of licences issued through the Commission pursuant to agreements concluded by the Community.
Under disse omstændigheder kan det ikke bebrejdes Rådet og Kommissionen, at de ikke har givet afkald på de fordele, som Fællesskabet kunne få ved indgåelsen af de anfægtede fiskeriaftaler, så meget desto mere fordi Fællesskabets fiskere var i stand til at foregribe skadevoldende konsekvenser af den usikre situation, der således var skabt.
Fishing licences are in fact applied for on behalf of the shipowner and issued on behalf of Senegal through the intermediary of the Commission.
Det påhviler nemlig føreren af fartøjet at foretage en præcis positionsbestemmelse til søs.
The applicant's licence was therefore issued to it through the intermediary of the Commission Delegation in Senegal.
Såfremt det var hans hensigt at fiske i de omstridte farvande, havde han mulighed for forud at ansøge om en licens i begge de berørte stater for at undgå modforholdsregler fra en af de to lande, på betingelse af i givet fald at overholde bestemmelserne i de protokoller, Fællesskabet har indgået, vedrørende påmønstring af statsborgere fra de to pågældende lande; disse bestemmelser har i øvrigt ikke spillet nogen rolle i denne sag.
Consequently, contrary to what the Commission contends, its delegation was in a position to attach to each licence which it sent out a note warning the licence holder of the risks of fishing in the disputed zone. In this regard, it cannot object that such a warning could not have been framed without offending the sensitivity of the two States in question.
Stillet over for Kommissionens erklæringer om, at dette og tvisten mellem de to republikker var kendt i de berørte kredse, har sagsøgeren ikke, til trods for foranstaltningen med henblik på sagens tilrettelæggelse kunne forklare, hvad
The Commission, as an institution, was in a position to word such a warning in sufficiently neutral and diplomatic terms in order to avoid taking a position in the dispute between those States.
De sagsøgte frifindes.
Dismisses the application;
Sagsøgeren betaler sagens omkostninger.·
Orders the applicant to pay the costs.
»Statsstøtte — afhjælpning af en alvorlig forstyrrelse i en medlemsstats økonomi —godkendebe af en generel støtteordning — betingelse om anmeldelse af særlige støtteforanstaltninger — vurdering af særlige støtteforanstaltninger ifællesskabssammenhæng — økonomisk vurdering« (Første Udvidede Afdeling)
Remedying of a serious disturbance in the economy of a Member State -of a general scheme Conditional on notification of individual cases — of the Community context in relation to individual cases — Economic tax)
Faktiske omstændigheder
Background to the dispute
Ved ministeriel anordning af 7. august 1986 bragte den græske regering lov 1386/1983 i anvendelse på selskabet Heracles General Cement Company, der ifølge sine regnskaber havde haft betydeligt underskud siden 1983.
The Commission was not informed of the adoption of Law 1386/83 by the Greek authorities, but learned of it through other channels and on 29 October 1986 initiated a procedure against it under Article 93(2) of the Treaty.
Selskabet blev undergivet offentlig kontrol, og dets gæld til græske kreditinstitutter, der androg 27 755 mio. DR (ca. 170 mio. ECU), blev konverteret til selskabskapital.
By Ministerial Decree of 7 August 1986, the Greek Government applied Law 1386/83 to Heracles General Cement Company, the balance sheet of which had shown a substantial deficit since 1983, by bringing it under public control and converting into capital its debts to Greek institutions amounting to DR 27 755 million (approximately ECU 170 million).
I løbet af 1983 vedtog de græske myndigheder en række strukturforanstaltninger til afhjælpning af alvorlige forstyrrelser i den græske økonomi.
In response to that request, the Greek Government provided detailed information, pointing out in particular that in its view the conversion of Heracles' debts into shares did not constitute aid within the meaning of Articles 92 and 93 of the Treaty.
Disse omfattede bl.a. »lov 1386/1983 om tilrettelæggelse af finansiel sanering af virksomheder«, der blev vedtaget den 5. august 1983.
The procedure initiated on 22 October 1986 against Law 1386/83 was completed on 7 October 1987 and resulted in the approval of the 'implementation of the Law' pursuant to Article
procedure i henhold til traktatens artikel 93, stk. 2, vedrørende støtten til Heracles.
respectively brought actions for the annulment of the same decision.
Heracles indtager en meget betydelig stilling på det græske marked for cement, hvor der findes fire store producenter: Heracles, som er den største, og som beskæftiger mere end 3 500 personer, selskabet Titan Cement Company, der er en af sagsøgerne i nærværende sag, og endelig selskaberne Halkis Cement Company og Halyps Cement Company.
92(3)(b) of the Treaty, on the ground that it was intended to remedy a serious disturbance in the economy of a Member State.
De græske myndigheder havde ikke underrettet Kommissionen om vedtagelsen af lov 1386/1983, men Kommissionen fik kendskab til den ad anden vej, hvorefter den, den 29. oktober 1986, indledte en procedure i henhold til traktatens artikel 93, stk. 2, med hensyn til loven.
The admissibility of the action in Case T-447/93 (AITEC)
På grundlag af denne meddelelse tilkendegav en række af Heracles' konkurrenter, herunder sagsøgerne i disse sager, over for Kommissionen, at det fælles marked for cement var blevet alvorligt forstyrret som følge af de græske myndigheders foranstaltninger, der i udpræget grad havde styrket Heracles' konkurrencemæssige stilling.
The implementation of the Law was made subject, however, to a number of 'conditions', set out in Article 1 of the 1987 decision, and the Greek Government was inter alia required to notify individual cases exceeding certain thresholds.
Den administrative procedure afsluttedes med en beslutning af 1. august 1991 om, at støtten godkendtes.
According to the caselaw of the Court of Justice, the defence of common interests is not enough to establish the admissibility of an action for annulment brought by an association.
Det er denne beslutning, nærværende sag angår.
On 8 December 1987, Titan lodged a complaint with the Commission opposing the grant of the aid at issue to Heracles.
Efter at støtten var blevet ydet, fik Kommissionen imidlertid kendskab hertil gennem kontakter, den på daværende tidspunkt havde med Heracles' konkurrenter.
The applicant maintains that it established, by means of its observations during the administrative procedure, that specific interests of some of its members had been affected.
Ved stævning indgivet til Domstolens Justitskontor den 27. marts 1992 har Associazione Italiana Tecnico Economica del Cemento (herefter benævnt »AITEC«), der er en sammenslutning af italienske cementproducenter, anlagt sag med påstand om annullation af Kommissionens beslutning af 1. august 1991.
In the course of the administrative procedure, the Commission invited parties concerned other than the Member States to submit their comments on the aid to Heracles.
Desuden har Titan, BCA samt tre af BCA's medlemmer, der er de største cementproducenter i Det Forenede Kongerige, ved stævning indleveret til Domstolens Justitskontor den 30. marts 1992 anlagt sag med påstand om annullation af samme beslutning.
The Court considers that the applicant has duly established that the competitive position of at least three of its members on the Italian market has been affected by the imports of Greek cement benefiting from the aid at issue.
Den procedure, der var indledt den 29. oktober 1986 med hensyn til lov 1386/1983, afsluttedes den 7. oktober 1987 med Kommissionens godkendelse af »lovens gennemførelse« i henhold til traktatens artikel 92, stk. 3, litra b), under henvisning til, at loven havde til formål at afhjælpe en alvorlig forstyrrelse i en medlemsstats økonomi.
Several of Heracles' competitors, including the applicants, contacted the Commission, asserting that serious disturbance had been caused to the Community cement market as a result of the intervention by the Greek authorities, which had very greatly strengthened Heracles' competitive position.
Formaliteten i sag T-447/93 (AITEC)
It is that decision which is at issue in the present proceedings.
For lovens gennemførelse blev der imidlertid opstillet en række »betingelser«, jf. 1987beslutningens artikel 1, bl.a. en anmeldelsespligt for den græske regering, såfremt loven anvendes på virksomheder over en nærmere angiven størrelse.
In those circumstances, it must be stated that the applicant has defended the individual interests of certain of its members whilst at the same time attempting to protect those of the sector as a whole. The applicant, in bringing its action, may be regarded as having substituted itself for at least three of its members who could themselves have brought an admissible action.
Det følger af Domstolens praksis, at det ikke er tilstrækkeligt til, at et annullationssøgsmål kan antages til realitetsbehandling, at det er anlagt af et organ, der skal varetage fælles interesser.
By application lodged on 27 March 1992, the Associazione Italiana Tecnico Economica del Cemento (hereinafter 'AITEC'), an Italian cement producers' association, brought an action for the annulment of the Commission's decision of 1 August 1991.
Den 8. december 1987 indgav Titan en klage til Kommissionen i anledning af støtten til Heracles.
The contested decision
Kommissionen indledte ved skrivelse af 15. februar 1988 til den græske regering en ny
The Court notes that the Commission pointed out in the contested decision that the obligation to notify individual significant cases had been imposed 'so that these could be considered from
Retten bemærker hertil, at sagsøgeren har henvist til, at konkurrenceforholdene for en række af sammenslutningens medlemmer er
Similarly, by applications lodged on 30 March 1992, Titan and the BCA, together with three of its member companies are the principal cement manufacturers in the United Kingdom,
blevet påvirket i væsentlig grad. Sagsøgeren har således gjort gældende, at sammenslutningen gennem sine indlæg under den administrative procedure har godtgjort, at visse medlemmers særlige interesser er blevet berørt.
could not lead to the annulment of the contested decision if it were found that such an examination was superfluous by reason of the factual situation in the cement sector.
støtte ikke fordrejede konkurrencen og påvirkede samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet.
the point of view of their impact on intraCommunity trade and competition'.
Heraf følger, at den omtvistede beslutning beror på en fejlagtig retsanvendelse, som har bevirket, at Kommissionen har foretaget en ufuldstændig undersøgelse af den omtvistede støtte.
However, the fact remains that, in the contested decision, the Commission merely considered the consequences of the aid on the territory of the Hellenic Republic, basing its approach on the Greek Government's answers to the objections initially raised by the Commission.
Støttens betydning for konkurrencen samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet
It follows that the contested decision is vitiated by a contradiction in the reasoning given on that point.
Retten finder, at sagsøgeren på relevant måde har godtgjort, at konkurrenceforholdene på det italienske marked for i hvert fald tre af sammenslutningens medlemmer er blevet påvirket af import af græsk cement, der nød godt af den omtvistede støtte.
It should be noted in that regard that the Commission's argument is based on the situation in the cement market at the time when the aid was granted.
Retten bemærker, at Kommissionen og intervenienterne har gjort gældende, at der i 1986 ikke fandtes en samhandel med cement mellem Den Hellenske Republik og de andre medlemsstater, samt at samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet derfor ikke kunne påvirkes af den omtvistede støtte.
However, it was already foreseeable at that time that Greek cement exports would be directed towards certain other Member States.
Retten finder, at denne argumentation må anses for et subsidiært anbringende, der kræves en stillingtagen til, fordi den retlige fejl, som Kommissionen har begået, og dennes betydning for vurderingen af den anmeldte støtte, hvad angår konkurrencen og samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet, ikke kan føre til, at den anfægtede beslutning skal annulleres, hvis det måtte vise sig, at en sådan undersøgelse var overflødig som følge af de faktiske forhold inden for cementsektoren.
The Greek producers' traditional export markets had slumped, which meant that the intraCommunity trade already existing was going to grow substantially.
Under disse omstændigheder bemærkes, at sagsøgeren har varetaget individuelle interesser for visse af sammenslutningens medlemmer, samtidig med at den har søgt at forsvare den samlede branches interesser.
In those circumstances, the Commission was required to examine the effects which the aid was likely to have on intraCommunity trade and competition.
Sagsøgeren i denne sag må antages at have handlet på mindst tre af sine medlemmers vegne, da sammenslutningen anlagde sagen, og disse medlemmer kunne hver især havde været søgsmålsberettigede.
It follows that the Commission disregarded the scope of its obligation under the 1987 decision and Article 92 of the Treaty to examine whether the aid at issue distorted competition and affected intraCommunity trade.
Retten finder således i det foreliggende tilfælde, at den af sammenslutningen kollektivt anlagte sag frembyder processuelle fordele, idet et større antal enkeltsager, der alle ville angå samme beslutninger, herved undgås, uden at et sådant kollektivt søgsmål indebærer risiko for, at traktatens artikel 173 omgås.
Consequently, the contested decision is vitiated by an error of law which prompted the Commission to carry out an incomplete examination of the aid at issue.
Hertil bemærkes, at Kommissionens argument bygger på forholdene på cementmarkedet, som de var, da støtten blev ydet. Retten finder imidlertid, at det allerede på daværende tidspunkt kunne forudses, at den græske cementeksport ville rette sig mod visse andre EF-medlemsstater.
It is apparent from the contested decision that the Commission did not carry out any examination of the foreseeable effects of the aid, at the time when it was granted, on competition and intraCommunity trade.
De græske producenters traditionelle eksportmarkeder var således stærkt vigende, hvilket indebar, at den samhandel, der allerede fandtes inden for Fællesskabet, ville øges markant.
Nor did it examine the actual effects of the aid, which it could have taken into consideration as factual evidence, since it did not decide on the compatibility of the aid with the Treaty until five years after it had been paid.
Henset hertil havde Kommissionen pligt til at undersøge, hvilke virkninger støtten kunne få for konkurrencen og samhandelen inden for Fællesskabet.
The Court notes the assertion by the Commission and the interveners that in 1986 no trade in cement existed between Greece and the other Member States and that, consequently, intraCommunity trade could not have been affected by the contested aid.
Retten bemærker, at Kommissionen i den anfægtede beslutning på ny anførte, at der var stillet krav om, at væsentlige tilfælde skulle anmeldes, »således at disse kan vurderes ud fra deres indvirkning på handelen og konkurrencen inden for EF«.
In the light of all of the foregoing considerations, the Court finds that the Commission committed an error of law by failing to examine the impact of the aid at issue on intraCommunity trade and competition.