natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
De bedste GC-kvaliteter anvendes endvidere i et vist omfang til grafiske formål.
The PC met twice each year during the period in question.
Den 23. og 24. april 1991 foretog Kommissionens repræsentanter i henhold til artikel 14, stk. 3, i Rådets forordning nr. 17 af 6. februar 1962, første forordning om anvendelse af bestemmelserne i traktatens artikel 85 og 86, samtidige, uanmeldte kontrolundersøgelser hos et antal virksomheder og brancheorganisationer inden for kartonsektoren.
According to the second paragraph of point 116 of the Decision, the *whole gravamen of the infringement lies in the combination of the producers over several years in a joint unlawful enterprise pursuant to a common design'. That view of the infringement is also expressed in point 128 of the Decision: 'It would however be artificial to subdivide what is clearly a continuing common enterprise having one and the same overall objective into several discrete infringements.'
SBS er forkortelsen for et helt igennem hvidt kartonprodukt (herefter »SBS-kvaliteter«). Prisen for dette produkt ligger ca. 20% over prisen for GC-kvaliteter.
In late 1987 the Joint Marketing Committee (hereinafter 'the JMC') was set up.
Efter disse undersøgelser fremsatte Kommissionen i henhold til artikel 11 i
Consequently, even though the Commission did not expressly use the concept of a 'single infringement' in the Decision, it implicitly
Ved skrivelse af 21. december 1992 fremsendte Kommissionen en meddelelse af klagepunkter til hver enkelt virksomhed.
Where that is the case, the fact that the undertaking concerned did not participate directly in all the constituent elements of the overall cartel cannot relieve it of responsibility for the infringement of Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
Som afslutning på proceduren vedtog Kommissionen en beslutning, der bl.a. indeholder følger bestemmelser: nåede til forståelse om at fastholde markedsandelene for de store producenter på konstante niveauer, dog med mulighed for ændring fra tid til anden
In the present case, it is apparent from the Decision that the infringement found in Article 1 consisted of collusion on three matters which were different but which pursued a common objective. Those three types of collusion must be regarded as the constituent elements of the overall cartel.
»Artikel 1 traf i stigende grad siden begyndelsen al 1990 samordnede foranstaltninger til styring af leverancer af produktet i EF for derved al sikre gennemførelsen af de nævnte samordnede prisstigninger udvekslede forretningsmæssige oplysninger om leverancer, priser, midlertidige produktionsstandsninger, ordrebeholdninger, kapacitetsudnyttelsesgrader osv. til støtte for nævnte forholdsregler.
According to that article, each of the undertakings mentioned infringed Article 85(1) of the Treaty by participating in an agreement and concerted practice by which the undertakings (a) agreed regular price increases for each grade of the product in each national currency and planned and implemented those increases; (b) reached an understanding on maintaining the market shares of the major producers at constant levels, subject to modification from time to time; and (c) increasingly, from early 1990, took concerted measures to control the supply of the product in the Community in order to ensure the implementation of the concerted price rises.
Buchmann GmbH, Cascades SA, Enso-Gutzeit Oy, Europa Carton AG, Finnboard the Finnish Board Mills Association, Fiskeby Board AB, Gruber & Weber GmbH & Co KG, Kartonlabrick 'De Eendrachi' NV (der handler under navnet BPB de Eendracht), NV Koninklijke KNP BT NV (tidligere Koninklijke Nederlandse Papierfabrieken NV), Laakmann Karton GmbH & Co KG, Mo och Domsjö AB (MoDo), Mayr-Melnhof Kartongesellschaft mbH, Papeteries de Lancey SA, Rena Kartonfabrik A/S, Sarrio SpA, SCA Holding Ltd [tidligere Reed Paper & Board (UK) Ltd], Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags AB, Enso Española (tidligere Tampella Española SA), og Moritz J. Weig GmbH & Co KG har overtrådt artikel 85, stk. 1, i EF-traktaten ved deltagelse Følgende bøder pålægges nedennævnte virksomheder for den overtrædelse, der er omhandlet i artikel 1: i Buchmann og Renas tilfælde fra omkring marts 1988 og i hvert fald til slutningen af 1990
Despite its view that there was a 'single' infringement, the Commission explains in the Decision that '[t]he "core" documents which prove the existence of the overall cartel or individual manifestations thereof often identify participants by name, and there is also a vast body of further documentary evidence showing the role of each producer in the cartel and the extent of its involvement' (point 118, first paragraph, of the Decision).
Sarrio SpA, en bøde på 15 500 000 ECU hvad angår Enso Española i hvert fald fra marts 1988 til i hvert fald udgangen af april 1991
In order to be entitled to hold each addressee of a decision, such as the present decision, responsible for an overall cartel during a given period, the Commission must demonstrate that each undertaking concerned either consented to
regelmæssige rapporter om ordrer, produktion, omsætning og kapacitetsudnyttelse til Fides.
The Court must therefore consider, in the light of the foregoing considerations, whether the Commission has proved the applicant's participation in the cartel, as found in Article 1 of the Decision.
Rapporterne blev behandlet i Fidessystemet og de samlede data blev udsendt til medlemmerne.
by which they might be able to monitor adherence to or compliance with any express or tacit agreement regarding prices or market sharing in the Community.
Det fremgår af beslutningen, at overtrædelsen fandt sted gennem organet »Product Group Papcrboard« (herefter »PG Paperboard«), der omfattede en række grupper eller udvalg.
Any scheme for the exchange of general information to which they subscribe, such as the Fides system or its successor, shall be so conducted as to exclude not only any information from which the behaviour of individual producers can be identified but also any data concerning the present state of the order inflow and backlog, the forecast utilisation rate of production capacity (in both cases, even if aggregated) or the production capacity of each machine.
Under dette organ oprettedes i midten af 1986 et udvalg, »Presidents Working Group« (herefter »PWG«), der bestod af repræsentanter for den overste ledelse for de største kartonproducenter i Fællesskabet (ca. otte).
Any such exchange system shall be limited to the collection and dissemination in aggregated form of production and sales statistics which cannot be used to promote or facilitate common industry behaviour.
Indledningsvis bemærkes, at Kommissionen har fastslået, at sagsøgeren har overtrådt traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1, ved fra midten af 1986 og i hvert fald til april 1991 at have deltaget i en aftale og samordnet praksis, der startede medio 1986, og som omfattede en række forskellige elementer.
The undertakings are also required to abstain from any exchange of information of competitive significance in addition to such permitted exchange and from any meetings or other contact in order to discuss the significance of the information exchanged or the possible or likely reaction of the industry or of individual producers to that information.
PWG refererede til »Direktørkonferencen« (herefter »Direktørkonferencen« eller »PC«), i hvis møder næsten samtlige administrerende direktører for virksomhederne deltog (mere eller mindre regelmæssigt).
A period of three months from the date of the communication of this Decision shall be allowed for the necessary modifications to be made to any system of information exchange.'
Ifølge beslutningens punkt 116, stk. 2, »[ligger] tyngdepunktet i overtrædelsen ... i producenternes samlede medvirken over en årrække i en fælles ulovlig virksomhed i henhold til en fælles plan«.
'The undertakings named in Article 1 shall forthwith bring the said infringement to an end, if they have not already done so.
Denne udlægning af overtrædelsen kommer ligeledes til udtryk i punkt 128: »Det ville imidlertid være unaturligt at underinddele noget, der helt klart er et fortsat fælles forehavende, der har ét og samme overordnede mål, i flere særskilte overtrædelser.«
They shall henceforth refrain in relation to their cartonboard activities from any agreement or concerted practice which may have the same or a similar object or effect, including any exchange of commercial information:
Dette udvalgs hovedopgave var at bestemme hvorvidt, og i bekræftende fald hvorledes der kunne gennemføres prisforhøjelser, samt at fastlægge enkelthederne i forbindelse med de prisinitiativer, der besluttedes af PWG, for hvert al de berørte lande og for de store kunder med henblik på at gennemføre et ensartet prissystem i Europa.
By virtue of that provision, where the Commission finds that there is an infringement, inter alia, of Article 85 of the Treaty, it may require the undertakings concerned to bring the infringement to an end.
Selv om Kommissionen ikke formelt har anvendt begrebet én »enkelt overtrædelse« i beslutningen, har den stiltiende henvist til dette begreb, hvilket fremgår af dens henvisning til præmis 260 i Rettens dom af 10. marts 1992 i sagen ICI mod Kommissionen.
(a) by which the participants are directly or indirectly informed of the production, sales, order backlog, machine utilisation rates, selling prices, costs or marketing plans of other individual producers; or
Del Økonomiske Udvalg (herefter »DØU«) drøftede bl.a. prisbevægelser på de nationale markeder og ordrebeholdninger og meddelte resultaterne af sine undersøgelser til JMC, eller indtil udgangen af 1987 til dens forgænger, Marketing Committee.
It is settled law that Article 3(1) of Regulation No 17 may be applied so as to include an order directed at bringing an end to certain acts, practices or situations which have been found to be unlawful.
Kommissionens gentagne brug af ordet »kartel« som udtryk for de forskellige former for konkurrencebegrænsende adfærd, den har konstateret, bekræfter en helhedsopfattelse af overtrædelser af traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1.
(b) by which, even if no individual information is disclosed, a common industry response to economic conditions as regards price or the control of production is promoted, facilitated or encouraged; or
Det fremgår endvidere af beslutningen, at Kommissionen antog, at PG Paperboard's aktiviteter befordredes ved hjælp af udveksling af oplysninger gennem Fides, der er et forvaltningsinstitut med hjemsted i Zürich (Schweiz).
Moreover, since Article 3(1) of Regulation No 17 is to be applied according to the nature of the infringement found, the Commission has the
omstændighed kan imidlertid indgå i vurderingen af overtrædelsens grovhed.
and machine utilisation rates in support of the above measures'.
Det fremgår af beslutningen, at den overtrædelse, der fastslås i artikel 1, består af et ulovligt samarbejde vedrørende tre forskellige emner, men som har et fælles mål, således at disse former for ulovligt samarbejde må betragtes som de elementer, der udgør kartellet i sin helhed.
In the present case, in order to verify whether, as the applicant claims, the scope of the direction in Article 2 of the Decision is too wide, it is necessary to consider the extent of the various prohibitions it places on the undertakings.
Det fremgår således af artiklen, at hver af de nævnte virksomheder har overtrådt traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1, ved deltagelse i en aftale og samordnet praksis, hvorved virksomhederne (a) nåede til enighed om regelmæssige prisstigninger for hver produktkvalitet i den enkelte nationale valuta og planlagde og iværksatte disse prisstigninger, (b) nåede til forståelse om at fastholde markedsandelene for de store producenter på konstante niveauer, dog med mulighed for ændring fra tid til anden og (c) i stigende grad siden begyndelsen af 1990 traf samordnede foranstaltninger til styring af leverancer af produktet i EF for derved at sikre gennemførelsen af de samordnede prisstigninger.
'The exchanging by producers of normally confidential and sensitive individual commercial information in meetings of the PG Paperboard (mainly the JMC) on order backlog, machine closures and production rates was patently anticompetitive, being intended to ensure that the conditions for implementing agreed price initiatives were as propitious as possible. ...'.
Denne enkelte overtrædelse, som Kommissionen ser den, sammenblandes således med »kartellet som helhed« eller »den samlede aftale«, og typisk for den er, at en række virksomheder udviser en vedvarende adfærd, der har et ulovligt fælles formål.
Consequently, as the Commission duly found in the Decision that the exchange of individual commercial information in itself constituted an infringement of Article 85(1) of the Treaty, the future prohibition of such an exchange of information satisfies the conditions for the application of Article 3(1) of Regulation No 17.
Denne forståelse af begrebet én enkelt overtrædelse ligger til grund for såvel den fremgangsmåde for bevisførelsen, der er beskrevet i beslutningens punkt 117, som for et fælles ansvar i den forstand, at samtlige virksomheder med »tilknytning« til det samlede kartel anses for ansvarlige for dette, uanset med hensyn til hvilke elementer af overtrædelsen, virksomhedens deltagelse er bevist.
The prohibition in the second sentence of the first paragraph of Article 2, requiring the undertakings to refrain in future from any agreement or concerted practice which may have an effect which is the same as, or similar to, those of the infringements found in Article 1 of the Decision, is aimed solely at preventing the undertakings from repeating the behaviour found to be unlawful. Consequently, in adopting such directions, the Commission has not exceeded the powers conferred on it by Article 3 of Regulation No 17.
Henset til de således anførte betragtninger tilkommer det følgelig Retten at undersøge, om Kommissionen har godtgjort sagsøgerens deltagelse i kartellet som fastslået i beslutningens artikel 1.
The direction in subparagraph (a) of the first paragraph of Article 2, which prohibits any future exchange of commercial information by which the participants directly or indirectly obtain individual information on competitors, presupposes a finding by the Commission in the Decision that an information e xchange of such a nature is unlawful under Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
Hertil bemærkes, at Kommissionen har bevisi, at sagsøgeren i kraft af sin deltagelse i PWG's møder fra disse begyndte, fra midten af 1986 har deltaget i et ulovligt samarbejde om priser og, fra slutningen af 1987, i et ulovligt samarbejde om markedsandele samt i et ulovligt samarbejde om produktionsstandsninger, hvilket er de tre elementer, der udgør den overtrædelse, der er fastslået i beslutningens artikel 1.
It is in this context that it is necessary to determine whether, and if so to what extent, the Commission considered the exchanges in question to be illegal, since the extent of the obligations on the undertakings must be restricted to that which is necessary in order to bring their conduct into line with what is lawful under Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
Kommissionen har således med føje besluttet at lade sagsøgeren ifalde ansvar for en overtrædelse, der omfatter de
It should be noted that Article 1 of the Decision does not state that the exchange of individual commercial information in itself constitutes an infringement of Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
For at Kommissionen kan anse de enkelte virksomheder, der er nævnt i en beslutning som den foreliggende, for ansvarlige for at have deltaget i et kartel i sin helhed i en bestemt periode, skal det for hver enkelt virksomhed bevises, at den har indvilget i en samlet plan, som omfatter de elementer, kartellet består af, eller i denne periode har deltaget direkte i samtlige disse elementer.
It states more generally that the undertakings infringed that article of the Treaty by participating in an agreement and concerted practice whereby the undertakings, inter alia, 'exchanged commercial information on deliveries, prices, plant standstills, order backlogs
En virksomhed kan endvidere anses for ansvarlig for et kartel i sin helhed, selv om del er godtgjort, at virksomheden kun deltog direkte i ét eller flere af kartellets elementer, såfremt virksomheden vidste eller nødvendigvis burde vide, at det ulovlige samarbejde, som den deltog i, indgik i en samlet plan, og såfremt den samlede plan dækkede samtlige kartellets elementer.
The Decision must be interpreted as meaning that the Commission considered the Fides system to be contrary to Article 85(1) of the Treaty in that it underpinned the cartel (point 134, third paragraph, of the Decision).
Når dette er tilfældet, kan den omstændighed, at den pågældende virksomhed ikke deltog direkte i samtlige elementer af kartellet i sin helhed, ikke fritage virksomheden for ansvar for overtrædelse af traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1. En sådan
Such an interpretation is borne out by the wording of Article 1 of the Decision, from which it is apparent that the commercial information was exchanged between the undertakings 'in support of the ... measures' considered to be contrary to Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
Kommissionen har således ikke ladet sagsøgeren ifalde ansvar for andre producenters adfærd og har ikke statueret ansvar alene som følge af virksomhedens deltagelse i PG Paperboard.
Any scheme for the exchange of general information to which they subscribe, such as the Fides system or its successor, shall be so conducted as to exclude any information from which the behaviour of individual producers can be identified.'
Det bemærkes, at beslutningens artikel 2 indeholder følgende bestemmelse:
Second, subparagraphs (b) and (c) of the first paragraph of Article 2 prohibit the exchange of certain statistical information in order to prevent the establishment of a possible support for future anti-competitive conduct.
Virksomhederne skal også afholde sig fra enhver form for udveksling af oplysninger af konkurrencemæssig betydning i tilslutning til en sådan tilladt udveksling samt at afholde sig fra møder eller anden form for kontakt med henblik på at diskutere betydningen af de udvekslede oplysninger eller den mulige eller sandsynlige reaktion inden for branchen eller blandt individuelle producenter på de pågældende oplysninger.
Error of appraisal by the Commission in that it considered that the cartel 'was largely successful in achieving its objectives' and infringement of the obligation to state reasons in that regard
»De i artikel 1 nævnte virksomheder skal øjeblikkeligt bringe den omhandlede overtrædelse til ophør, såfremt delte ikke allerede er sket.
According to the seventh indent of point 168 of the Decision, the Commission determined the general level of fines by taking into account, inter alia, the fact that the cartel *was largely successful in achieving its objectives'.
De skal for fremtiden i forbindelse med deres aktiviteter i kartonbranchen afholde sig fra enhver form for aftale eller samordnet praksis, som kan have samme eller tilsvarende formål eller virkning, herunder enhver form for udveksling af forretningsmæssige oplysninger:
It is common ground that this consideration refers to the effects on the market of the infringement found in Article 1 of the Decision.
De nødvendige ændringer af et eventuelt system for udveksling skal være foretaget senest tre måneder efter datoen for meddelelsen af denne beslutning.« a) hvorved deltagerne direkte eller indirekte oplyses om andre individuelle producenters produktion, salg, ordrebeholdninger, kapacitetsudnyttelsesgrader, salgspriser, omkostninger eller markedsføringsplaner, eller b)
Such a prohibition exceeds what is necessary in order to bring the conduct in question into line with what is lawful because it seeks to prevent the exchange of purely statistical information which is not in, or capable of being put into, the form of individual information on the ground that the information exchanged might be used for anti-competitive purposes.
Som det fremgår af punkt 165, blev beslutningens artikel 2 vedtaget med hjemmel i artikel 3, stk. 1, i forordning nr. 17.
First, it is not apparent from the Decision that the Commission considered the exchange of statistical data to be in itself an infringement of Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
I henhold til denne bestemmelse kan Kommissionen, når den konstaterer, at der foreligger en overtrædelse af bl.a. traktatens artikel 85, ved en beslutning pålægge de deltagende virksomheder al bringe den konstaterede overtrædelse til ophør.
Second, the mere fact that a system for the exchange of statistical information might be used for anti-competitive purposes does not make it contrary to Article 85(1) of the Treaty, since in such circumstances it is necessary to establish its actual anti-competitive effect.
Ifølge fast retspraksis vil anvendelsen af artikel 3 i forordning nr. 17 ikke alene kunne omfatte forbud mod at fortsætte med visse handlinger eller at opretholde en vis praksis eller situation, der er fundet ulovlig, men tillige mod at udvise en tilsvarende praksis for fremtiden.
In order to review the Commission's appraisal of the effects of the infringement, the Court considers that it suffices to consider the appraisal of the effects of the collusion on prices. First, it is apparent from the Decision that the finding concerning the large measure of success in achieving objectives is essentially based on the effects of collusion on prices.
hvorved de kunne blive i stand til at overvåge tilslutning til eller overholdelse af en udtrykkelig eller stiltiende aftale om priser eller markedsopdeling i EF.
While those effects are considered in points 100 to 102,115, and 135 to 137 of the Decision, the question whether the collusion on market shares and collusion on downtime affected the market was, by contrast, not specifically examined in it.
I det omfang anvendelsen af artikel 3, stk. 1, i forordning nr. 17 skal ske under hensyn til arten af den konstaterede overtrædelse, har Kommissionen endvidere beføjelse til at præcisere omfanget af de forpligtelser, der påhviler de berørte virksomheder med henblik på at bringe overtrædelsen til ophør.
Second, consideration of the effects of the collusion on prices also makes it possible, in any event, to assess whether the objective of the collusion on downtime was achieved, as the aim of that collusion was to prevent the concerted price initiatives from being undermined by an excess of supply.
Efterprøvelsen af, om påbuddet i beslutningens artikel 2, som hævdet af sagsøgeren, er for vidtgående, skal derfor omfatte en undersøgelse af omfanget af de forbud, der herved er meddelt virksomhederne.
Third, as regards collusion on market shares, the Commission does not submit that the objective of the undertakings which participated in the meetings of the PWG was an absolute freezing of their market shares.
»Producenternes udveksling af normalt fortrolige og følsomme individuelle forretningsmæssige oplysninger på møder afholdt af PG Paperboard (hovedsagelig JMC) vedrørende ordrebeholdninger, midlertidige produktionsstandsninger og produktionskvoter var åbenbart konkurrencebegrænsende, idel de havde til formål at sikre, at forudsætningerne for gennemførelsen af de aftalte prisinitiativer var så gunstige som muligt ...«.
According to the second paragraph of point 60 of the Decision, the agreement on market shares was not static 'but was subject to periodic adjustment and renegotiation'. In view of that point, the fact that the Commission took the view that the cartel was largely successful in achieving its objectives without specifically examining in the Decision the success of that collusion on market shares is not therefore open to objection.