natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Det forhold, at den betingelse om statsborgerskab, der i henhold til italiensk lovgivning indtil 1994 krævedes opfyldt for, at ansøgere kunne få adgang til udvælgelsesprocedurerne vedrørende stillinger som fastansat lærer eller »godkendt« forskningsmedarbejder, var diskriminerende og således i strid med traktatens artikel 48, kan ikke i sig selv give de berørte personer grundlag for at kræve adgang til vikariater.
The fact that the nationality requirement imposed, until 1994, by the Italian law in respect of participation in competitions for posts as tenured teaching staff or established researchers was discriminatory, and thus contrary to Article 48 of the Treaty, does not, in itself, enable the persons concerned to insist that they must be eligible for appointment to fill temporary teaching vacancies.
Hertil kræves nemlig, at de først skal være fastansatte lærere eller »godkendte« forskningsmedarbejdere, og den omstændighed, at en af betingelserne for at få adgang til udvælgelsesprocedurerne vedrørende sådanne stillinger er diskriminerende, medfører ikke, at de ikke skal igennem disse udvælgelsesprocedurer.
In order to be eligible, they must first be tenured teachers or established researchers and the discriminatory nature of one of the conditions for participating in the competitions for such posts does not exempt them from the need to pass the competitions.
Rektor ved Verona's Universitet meddelte sagsøgerne afslag på deres ansøgninger med den begrundelse, at »i medfør af artikel 114 i dekret nr. 382/1980, som ændret ved artikel 3 i lov nr. 477/1984 og artikel 12 i lov nr. 341, kan kurser og vikariater kun tildeles fastansatte lærere og 'godkendte' forskningsmedarbejdere«.
In order to make such an assessment, competitions organized to fill temporary teaching vacancies, based on an examination of the candidates' files, would have to have the same characteristics as the open competitions which, according to the Member State concerned, are the only means of selecting staff who satisfy the requirements of university teaching.
Dette indebærer dog ikke, at de berørte personer er afskåret fra at anlægge sag ved domstolene i overensstemmelse med de i henhold til national ret gældende processuelle regler og på de betingelser, der blev fastslået i dommen af 5. marts 1996 i sagen Brasserie du pécheur og Factortame, med påstand om erstatning for de tab, de har lidt som følge af den omtvistede diskriminerende regel.
In those circumstances, the situation of established researchers is not comparable, in principle, to that of foreignlanguage assistants and, in that context, a national rule such as that at issue in the main proceedings is therefore not contrary to Article 48(2) of the Treaty.
Med spørgsmålet ønsker den nationale ret reelt at få oplyst, om traktatens artikel 5 og artikel 48, stk. 2, er til hinder for en national regel, hvorefter det kun er fastansatte lærere og »godkendte« forskningsmedarbejdere, men ikke ie'i'orer i fremmedsprog, der er statsborgere i andre medlemsstater, der kan få tildelt vikariater inden for universitetsundervisningen.
That conclusion does not however mean that the persons concerned cannot seek compensation, for the harm suffered as a result of the application of the discriminatory clause at issue, before the competent courts, according to the relevant national procedures and under the conditions laid down in Joined Cases Brasserie du Pêcheur ν Federal Republic of Germany and The Ç^ieen ν Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame and Others [1996] ECR 1-1029.
Sagsøgerne i hovedsagen gør for det andet gældende, at den omhandlede regel er diskriminerende, for så vidt som den afskærer lektorer i fremmedsprog, der er statsborgere i andre medlemsstater, fra at få tildelt vikariater, selv om det undervisningsarbejde, de udfører, i det væsentlige svarer til det, der udføres af undervisningsassistenter og forskningsmedarbejdere.
The applicants claim, second, that the rule at issue is discriminatory is so far as it excludes foreignlanguage assistants who are nationals of other Member States from being appointed to fill temporary teaching vacancies, although their teaching activities are essentially the same as those of lecturers or university researchers.
Sagsøgerne i hovedsagen gør for det første gældende, at det følger af traktatens artikel 5 og 48, at der skal gives lektorer i fremmedsprog adgang til udvælgelsesprocedurerne vedrørende vikariater, i betragtning af at de har været afskåret fra at blive fastansatte lærere eller forskningsmedarbejdere som følge af den betingelse om statsborgerskab, der indtil 1994 var
Such a rule could none the less be contrary to Article 48(2) of the Treaty if it assimilated to established researchers other categories of staff appointed to university teaching otherwise than by way of open competition, whose teaching and academic skills were not subject to evaluation in the same way as those of researchers and thus permitted them to compete for appointment to fill temporary teaching vacancies, whilst foreignlanguage assistants who, under Italian law, had the same status and performed equivalent duties were excluded.
der ud over at skulle igennem en offentlig udvælgelsesprocedure er undergivet en godkendelsesordning, dvs. en procedure, hvorved deres pædagogiske og videnskabelige kundskaber efter tre års virke skal anerkendes af et nationalt udvalg.
'Articles 5 and 48(2) of the EC Treaty do not preclude a national rule which reserves eligibility for appointment to ful temporary teaching vacancies in universities to tenured teachers and established researchers and excludes foreignlanguage assistants, unless such appointment is open to other categories of staff appointed to university teaching otherwise than by way of open competition, whose teaching and academic skak are not subject to evaluation in the same way as those of researchers, whilst foreignlanguage assistants who, under national law, have the same status and perform equivalent duties are excluded '
Selv om lektorerne i henhold til de med universiteterne indgåede kontrakter skal udføre et vist forskningsarbejde, skal det herudover godtgøres, at deres pædagogiske og videnskabelige kundskaber kan sidestilles med undervisningsassistenters og »godkendte« forskningsmedarbejderes.
In the light of the foregoing analysis, I recommend that the Court respond to the question referred by the national court as follows:
En vurdering af disse kundskaber ville forudsætte, at udvælgelsesprocedurerne vedrørende vikariaterne, der er baseret på en undersøgelse af ansøgernes papirer, er af samme karakter som de offentlige udvælgelsesprocedurer, der ifølge den pågældende medlemsstat er det eneste middel, hvorved man kan få medarbejdere, der har kvalifikationerne til at undervise på universiteter.
National rules governing the allocation to staff-members of paid temporary teaching in universities which, by conferring eligibility only on certain categories of staff, operate disproportionately to the detriment of non-national employees constitute unlawful covert discrimination against workers on grounds of nationality, unless provision is also made for applications by employees in other categories of staff to be considered in the light of material qualifications, experience and research.
Det hedder i domskonklusionen:
He suggested that the Court:
Generaladvokat N. Fenneliv fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Femte Afdeling') den 20. marts 1997.
Declare inadmissible the fourth question referred by the Tribunal Administratif, Strasbourg;
Han foreslog heri følgende besvarelse:
(B) reply as follows to the other questions:
»Såfremt nationale bestemmelser om tildelingen af lønnede undervisningsvikariater til medlemmer af universiteternes personale kun giver visse personalegrupper ret til at søge disse stillinger og dermed virker uforholdsmæssigt over for det udenlandske personale, udgør de en indirekte ulovlig forskelsbehandling af arbejdstagere på grundlag af nationalitet, medmindre de også foreskriver, at der skal foretages en
Preliminary ruling — Tribunal Administratif, Strasbourg — Interpretation of Arts 7, 48 et seq. of the EC Treaty in relation to a Franco-German tax convention concerning the income tax of frontier workers which distinguishes (a) between public sector and private sector remuneration, and (b) as regards public sector remuneration, between workers possessing one or other of the two nationalities — Interpretation of Art 48 et seq. of the EC Treaty in relation to a Franco-German tax convention concerning the income tax of frontier workers which establishes a special regime for teachers of one contracting State who work for not more than two years in the other — Interpretation of Art 220 of the EC Treaty in relation to a Franco-German tax convention concerning the income tax of frontier workers which, as regards the
bedømmelse af ansøgninger fra medlemmerne af de andre personalegrupper på grundlag af kvalifikationer, erfaring og relevante videnskabelige arbejder.«
1) - National legislation which provides for a compulsory levy payable to regional and national chambers of commerce calculated, in the case of trading undertakings, on the basis of input VAT paid by the undertakings
EF-traktatens artikel 220, andet led, har ingen umiddelbare retsvirkninger.
Advocate General S. Alber delivered his Opinion at the sitting of the Fifth Chamber on 20 November 1997.
- på grundlag af det sted, hvor beskæftigelsen udøves
He proposed that the Court reply as follows:
- på grundlag af, om arbejdstageren opfylder betingelserne for at kunne anses for grænsearbejder
— or depending on the public nature of the remuneration received by the worker and, in the latter situation, depending on whether the worker possesses the nationality of the State other than the one which pays his salary, without possessing the nationality ofthat last-mentioned State;
Generaladvokat D. Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Domstolens plenum) den 20. november 1997.
(a) the turnover tax payable in respect of deliveries or other services supplied to the person fiable to tax for his undertaking by other traders, except for turnover tax payable in respect of transfers of undertakings, and
Han foreslog heri Domstolen: eller på grundlag af, om arbejdsugeren får udbetalt sin løn fra det offentlige, og i givet fald på grundlag af, om arbejdstageren er statsborger i den stat, som ikke er den, der udbetaler lønnen, uden at han samtidig er statsborger i sidstnævnte stat
(b) turnover tax payable by the person liable to tax in respect of the importation of goods for his own undertaking or in respect of intra-Community purchases for his own undertaking.
»A) at afvise det fjerde præjudicielle spørgsmål fra Tribunal administratif de Strasbourg fra realitetsbehandling
(3) On a proper construction, Articles 48 and 220 of the EC Treaty and Article 7 of Regulation No 1612/68 do not preclude a convention which is intended to avoid dowuble taxation and is concluded between two Member States from providing that in one of those States double taxation is avoided by means of a mechanism such as that referred to in Article 20(2)(a)(cc) of the Franco-German tax convention, following which the income received in Germany by a person resident in France, which has already been taxed in Germany, is taken into account for the purpose of calculating the basis of the assessment to tax of the taxable person in France, that person receiving a tax credit in respect of the tax paid abroad equal to the amount of French tax corresponding to that income.
Han foreslog heri følgende besvarelse:
OPEN COMPETITIONS ORGANIZED BY THE COURT OF JUSTICE
Sag C-318/96 SPAR Österreichische Warenhandels AG / Finanzlandesdirektion für Salzburg b) den omsætningsafgift, som skal svares af den afgiftspligtige på grund af indførsel af goder til brug for dennes virksomhed eller på grund af en erhvervelse inden for Fællesskabet til brug for denne virksomhed.
— In the German edition, Open Competition CJ/LA/24 to draw up a reserve list for the recruitment of lawyer-linguists of German mother tongue;
Det er dermed ufornødent at undersøge spørgsmålet om artikel 17 i det sjette direktiv.«
— In the Danish edition, Open Competition CJ/LA/25 to draw up a reserve list for the recruitment of lawyer-linguists of Danish mother tongue;
DOMSTOLEN AFHOLDER ALMINDELIGE UDVÆLGELSESPRØVER
The closing date for applications is 22 December 1997.
I De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende nr. C 347 A af 19. november 1997 har Domstolen offentliggjort følgende meddelelser om udvælgelsesprøver:
Copies of the Official Journal may be obtained by applying in writing, by post or by fax, to:
- i den tysksprogede udgave meddelelse om den almindelige udvælgelsesprøve CJ/LA/24 med henblik på oprettelse af en ansættelsesreserve af tysksprogede juridiske oversættere
The Personnel Division The Court of Justice of the European Communities L-2925 Luxembourg fax: (352) 4303-2710 or from the Press and Information Offices of the European Commission in Germany or Austria (Competition CJ/LA/24), Denmark (Competition CJ/LA/25) and Italy (Competition CJ/LA/26).
Denne publikation udarbejdes af Domstolens Presse- og Informationsafdeling (L-2925 Luxembourg) med henblik på en hurtig orientering om arbejdet ved Domstolen og Retten i Første Instans.
This bulletin is issued by the Court's Press and Information Division (L-2925 Luxembourg) to provide rapid information on the work of the Court However, it is only the text of the judgments and opinions published in the European Court Reports that is authentic.
Originalsprog: fransk Redaktionen afsluttet den 20.11.1997 Katalognr.: DX-AC-97-031-DA-C
Original version: French Completed on 20.11.97 Catalogue No: DX-AC-97-031-EN-C
Sag C-27/96 Danisco Sugar AB / Almänna ombudet Nye staters tiltrædelse
Case C-57/96 H. Meints v Minister van Landbouw, Natuurbeheer en Visserij Freedom of movement for persons
Sag C-137/96 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland Tilnærmelse af lovgivningerne
Case C-62/96 Commission of the European Communities v Hellenic Republic Freedom of movement for persons
Sag C-57/96 H. Meints / Minister van Landbouw, Natuurbeheer en Visserij Fri bevægelighed for personer
Case T-20/96 18 Stephen Pascali ν Commission of the European Communities
Sag C-62/96 Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber / Den Hellenske Republik Fri bevægelighed for personer
Case C-137/96 Commission of the European Communities v Federal Republic of Germany Approximation of laws
Sag C-132/95 Gårdejer Bent Jensen og Korn- og Foderstofkompagniet A/S / Landbrugsministeriet, EF-direktoratet
Case T-290/96 18 Kaysersberg SA ν Commission of the European Communities Competition
Sag C-27/96 Danisco Sugar AB / Almänna ombudet Nye staters tiltrædelse
Case C-27/96 Danisco Sugar AB v Almänna ombudet New accessions
27. november 1997 landbrug — sukker — national lagerafgift af sukker*
Agriculture — Sugar — National levy on sugar stocks)
Præjudiciel »Kongeriget Sveriges tiltrædelse (Femte Afdeling)
Preliminary ruling (Accession of the Kingdom of Sweden (Fifth Chamber)
Danisco Sugar indbragte denne afgørelse for Länsrätten i Jönköpings Län med påstand om ophævelse.
Danisco Sugar challenged that decision before the Länsrätt i Jönköpings Län and, accordingly, sought its annulment.
De forelagte spørgsmål
The questions raised
Spørgsmålene er blevet rejst under en tvist mellem Danisco Sugar AB og Allmänna ombudet som repræsentant for Statens Jordbruksverk (herefter »Jordbruksverket«), hvori der er strid om betaling af en svensk lagerafgift af sukker, der blev indført ved en lov, som blev vedtaget af Riksdagen den 20. december 1994 og trådte i kraft den 31. december 1994, dvs. dagen før Kongeriget Sveriges tiltrædelse af Den Europæiske Union, idet afgiften skulle svares af de sukkermængder, der var oplagret i Sverige den
By order of 26 January 1996, the Länsrätt i Jönköpings Län (Jönköping County Administrative Court) referred to the Court for a preliminary ruling under Article 177 of the EC Treaty two questions on the interpretation of Articles 137(2), 145(2), and 149(1) of the Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded (OJ 1994 C 241, p.
Ved disse spørgsmål ønsker Länsrätten i det væsentlige en afgørelse fra Domstolen om, hvorvidt tiltrædelsesaktens artikel 137, stk. 2, artikel 145, stk. 2 og artikel 149, stk. 1, samt EF-traktatens artikel 39 og 40, forordning nr. 1785/81 og forordning nr. 3300/94 er til hinder for, at en stat, der tiltræder Den Europæiske Union, umiddelbart før sin tiltrædelse udsteder en lov om indførelse af en afgift af sukker, der på dette tidspunkt er oplagret i staten.
By its questions, the Länsrätt essentially asks the Court whether Articles 137(2), 145(2) and 149(1) of the Act of Accession, Articles 39 and 40 of the EC Treaty, Regulation No 1785/81 and Regulation No 3300/94 preclude a State acceding to the European Union from adopting, on the eve of its accession, legislation introducing a levy on sugar being then held in stock within that State.
Hvad angår prisordningen bemærkes, at lagerafgiften af sukker ikke kan have haft nogen indvirkning på sukkerproducenternes stilling. Oplagringsomkostningerne, afgiften medregnet, steg ganske vist på grund af denne, men salgsprisen for produktet steg i samme omfang som følge af tiltrædelsen, således at den blev bragt op på det højere salgsprisniveau for sukker i Fællesskabet.
As regards pricing, the levy on sugar stocks could not have had any effect on the position of sugar producers whose storage costs, including taxes, undoubtedly rose because of the levy, but whose selling price for the product increased commensurately by reason of accession, to come into line with the higher Community selling price for sugar.
Afgiften har dermed været neutral for sukkerproducenterne.
The impact of the levy on such persons was therefore neutral.
Såfremt der ikke havde skullet betales afgift af sukker, der var på lager på tidspunktet for tiltrædelsen, ville svenske sukkerproducenter derimod være blevet stillet bedre end sukkerproducenterne i Fællesskabet, idet de ville have kunnet opnå den i Fællesskabet gældende højere salgspris uden at have bidraget til selvfinansieringsordningen inden for denne sektor.
On the contrary, failure to charge a levy on sugar stocks at the time of accession would have placed Swedish sugar producers at an advantage compared with Community sugar producers, since they would have been able to benefit from the higher Community selling prices without, however, having contributed to the self-financing arrangements for the sector.
Hvad angår sukker omfattet af de normalt overførte lagre finder bestemmelserne i forordning nr. 1785/81 om sektorens selvfinansiering og om eksportrestitutioner i henhold til forordning nr. 3300/94 ikke anvendelse på sukker fremstillet i de nye medlemsstater før den 1. juli 1995, da denne produktion af sukker i disse stater udelukkende er sket inden for rammerne af de nationale ordninger, og idet en stor del af denne
As regards the sugar forming part of the normal carryover stocks, Regulation No 3300/94 provides that the provisions of Regulation No 1785/81 concerning the self-financing of the sector or the system of export refunds are not to apply to quantities of sugar produced before 1 July 1995 in the new Member States, since the entire sugar output of those States was produced under national arrangements and much of the sugar produced had already been disposed of before 1 January 1995.
»Artikel 137, stk 2, og artikel 145, stk 2, i akten vedrørende vilkårene for Republikken Østrigs, Republikken Finlands og Kongeriget Sveriges tiltrædelse og tilpasningerne af de traktater, der danner grundlag f or Den Europæiske Union, samt EF-traktatens artikel 39 og 40, Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 1785/81 af 30. juni 1981 om den fælles markedsordning for sukker og Kommissionens forordning (EF) nr. 3300/94 af 21. december 1994 om overgangsforanstaltninger som følge af Østrigs, Finlands og Sveriges tiltrædelse er ikke til hinder for, at en stat, der tiltræder Den Europæiske Union, umiddelbart før sin tiltrædelse udsteder en lov om indførelse af en afgift af sukker, der på dette tidspunkt er oplagret i staten.*
'Articles 137(2) and 145(2) of the Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded, Articles 39 and 40 of the EC Treaty, Council Regulation (EEC) No 1785/81 of 30 June 1981 on the common organization of the markets in the sugar sector and Commission Regulation (EC) No 3300/94 of 21 December 1994 laying down transitional measures in the sugar sector following the accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden do not preclude a State acceding to the European Union from adopting on the eve of its accession, legislation introducing a levy on sugar being then held in stock within that State.'
Generaladvokat A. La Pergola fremsatte forslag til afgørelse i retsmødet (Femte Afdeling') den 17. juni 1997.
Advocate General A La Pergola delivered his Opinion at the sitting of the Fifth Chamber on 17 June 1997.
»Traktaten om Sveriges, Finlands, og Østrigs tiltrædelse, særlig artikel 137, stk 2, artikel 145, stk. 2, og artikel 149, stk. 1, skal fortolkes således, at det ikke skal betragtes som en retsstridig overgangsforanstaltning, at en ny medlemsstat i Unionen på nationalt plan træffer bestemmelser om at afgiftspålægge det normalt overførte lager af sukker, således som det er sket ved den svenske sockerlag med senere ændringer.
The Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, in particular Articles 137(2), 145(2) and 149(1), must be interpreted as meaning that the fact that a new Member State of the Union imposes a domestic levy on normal transitional storage of sugar under the terms of the Swedish law on the storage levy, as amended, and in the conditions in which that law was adopted, does not constitute a prohibited transitional measure.
Den fælles markedsordning for sukker, særlig artikel 39-40 i Rom-traktaten, Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 1785/81 og Kommissionens forordning (EF) nr. 3330/94 skal fortolkes således, at det ikke i sig selv er
The common organization of the markets in the sugar sector, in particular Articles 39 and 40 of the Treaty of Rome, Council Regulation (EEC) No 1785/81 and Commission Regulation (EEC) No 3300/94, must be interpreted as meaning that it is not in itself incompatible with Community law for a new Member State of the Union to charge a domestic levy on the storage of a product which is distinguished by a significant difference between 'institutional' prices and pre-accession national and Community prices, since the fiscal
uforeneligt med markedsordningen, at en ny medlemsstat i Unionen træffer bestemmelse om at afgiftspålægge et lager af et produkt, som udmærker sig ved en betydelig forskel mellem den 'institutionelle' pris og prisen på det nationale marked og på fællesskabsmarkedet før tiltrædelsen, når den omhandlede afgift er af kort varighed, kun opkræves én gang af den merværdi, som landbrugsproducenterne har fået udelukkende i kraft af tiltrædelsen, og når afgiftsbeløbet er fastsat således, at det svarer til den forventede prisstigning på markedet som følge af selve tiltrædelsen«.
measure under consideration, of very short duration, is intended to be imposed just once on the surpluses made by the agricultural producers concerned purely as a result of accession and since the amount of the tax is fixed so as to correspond with the rise in market prices expected as a result of accession itself.
Sag C-57/96 H. Meints / Minister van Landbouw, Natuurbeheer en Visserij Fri bevægelighed for personer
Case C-57/96 H. Meints ν Minister van Landbouw, Natuurbeheer en Visserij Freedom of movement for persons