natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Der var ikke noget retsgrundlag for pagten, som fastlagde en række principper for forskellige aspekter af arbejdstagernes arbejds- og levevilkår.
It had no legal base, but simply set out a framework of principles covering aspects of work ers' living and working conditions.
For at gennemføre disse har Europa-Kommissionen fremsat 47 forslag, hvoraf 29 kræver lovgivning.
To implement these, the European Commission put forward 47 initiatives, of which 29 required legislative action.
Til dato er der vedtaget 16 lovforslag.
To date 16 have been adopted.
arbejdslivet samt integration af udstødte. Alle andre områder kræver stadig enstemmighed, undtagen spørgsmål I forbindelse med løn, foreningsfriheden og retten til kollektiv forhandling, strejkeretten og retten til at lockoute, som er nationale anliggender.
others still require unanimious agree ment except matters relating to pay, the right to association and collective bargaining, the right to strike and the right to impose lock-outs, which are national matters.
Under forhandlingerne om Maastrichttraktaten blev det klart, at flertallet af medlemsstaterne ønskede at gå videre i den retning, der var anvist i social pagten.
While negotiating the Maastricht Treaty it became clear that the majority of Member States wanted to go further down the path laid down by the Social Charter.
Derfor besluttede de elleve andre lande at indføre afstemninger ved stemmeflerhed på en række områder.
Again, the UK was unable to agree, so the then 11 countries agreed to decide a number of areas by majority voting.
Der er tale om: sundhed og sikkerhed, minimumsstandarder for arbejdsmiljøet, information og høring af arbejdstagerne, lige stilling mellem mænd og kvinder i
These are: health and safety, the setting of minimum standards for the working environment, information and consultation of work ers, equality between men and women at work and the integration of those excluded from the labour market. All
store virksomheder, at investere offentlige midler i infrastrukturer samt anden kapital i transport, telekommunikation og kraftværker, at forbedre deres erhvervslivs effektivitet gennem øget konkurrence og at tilstræbe løn tilbageholdenhed i forbindelse med offentlige lønforhandlinger.
munications and power stations, to improve the efficiencies of their economies by enhancing competition and to make efforts to achieve restraint in public-sector wage settlements.
Arbejdsløsheden er måske det mest påtrængende problem, Fællesskabet står overfor.
Unemployment is perhaps the most urgent problem facing the Community as a whole.
Men på hvilket niveau er det bedst at sætte ind, lokalt, regionalt, nationalt eller på fællesskabsplan? Det korte svar er: på dem alle, men samordnet.
But at what level is it best tackled — local, regional, national or European?
De bekræftede, at Fællesskabet har en vigtig rolle at spille i indsatsen for at få arbejdsløsheden nedbragt, navnlig ved at fremme investeringer.
They also confirmed that the Community has an important role to play in actively reducing unemployment, es pecially in terms of promoting investment.
Den Europæiske Investeringsbank fik en ny midlertidig lånefacilitet på 7 mia. ECU, der skal bruges på store infrastrukturprojekter, de såkaldte transeuropæiske net Inden for transport, energi og telekommunikation, der også omfatter landene i Central- og Østeuropa samt landene i Middelhavsområdet.
The European Investment Bank was given a new, temporary ECU 7 billion lending facility to help promote large-scale infrastructure projects, the so-called trans-European networks, in transport, energy and telecommunications, also including the countries of Central and Eastern Europe as well as the Mediterranean neighbours.
Med sigte på storstilede investeringer oprettede man ligeledes Den Europæiske Investeringsfond, der skal
The European Investment Fund, extending guarantees to companies looking for loans, was also set up with large-scale investment in mind.
I 1992 og 1993, da den seneste kon junkturnedgang var værst, vedtog regeringscheferne en handlingsplan for Fællesskabet til bekæmpelse af arbejdsløsheden og til fremme af den økonomiske vækst.
In 1992 and 1993, at the peak of the recent recession, Heads of Member State governments drew up a Community action plan to combat unemployment and promote economic growth.
Planen bekræftede, at det er de nationale regeringer, der bør spille hovedrollen i indsatsen mod arbejdsløsheden, men de blev enige om mange af de samme prioriteringer, herunder om at gennemføre foranstaltninger til fremme af private investeringer, især I små og mellem
While confirming that national governments should play the lead part, they nevertheless agreed to set many of the same priorities, including im plementing measures to encourage private investment, especially by small and medium-sized enterprises, to switch some public expenditure to wards infrastructure and other capital investment into transport, telecom
Det tekniske universitet i Dublin er et af de regionalpolitiske initiativer, EU har taget sammen med de nationale og regionale myndigheder for at forbedre regionernes konkurrenceevne og livskvalitet.
The College of Technology in Dublin is one example of the regional policy initiatives the EU pursues together with national and regional authorities aimed at improving the regions' competitiveness and quality ol life.
yde garantier for virksomheder, der ønsker at låne penge.
structural/regional funds were also bolstered, and a new Cohesion Fund established to promote transport and environmental projects in the four poorest countries in the Community — Greece, Spain, Portugal and Ireland.
Sideløbende hermed blev der også afsat flere midler til struktur- og regionalpolitikken, ligesom der blev oprettet en »Samhørighedsfond«, der skulle yde støtte til transport- og miljøprojekter i de fire fattigste lande i Fællesskabet, nemlig Grækenland, Spanien, Portugal og Irland.
New approaches to life-long training and learning are also currently being considered, as is the creation of a common information area for the de velopment of the much heralded 'information society', the realization of new jobs through increasing environmental protection, more cooperation in research and development and more active labour-market policies, and more flexibility for employers.
Parlamentet fører tilsyn med, til fremme af grænseoverskridende og fornyende beskæftigelsesskabende projekter.
A number of special Community in itiatives, run by the European Commission and overseen by the European Parliament, have been set up to en courage transnational and innovative approaches to the creation of employ ment along the same lines.
Youthstart, f.eks., støtter adgangen til arbejde eller en anerkendt form for erhvervsuddannelse for alle unge under 20 år. ADAPT støtter uddannelsesprogrammer med vægt på nye kvalifikationer, færdigheder og beskæftigelsesmuligheder for arbejdsløse og personer, der har mistet deres arbejde på grund af den teknologiske udvikling.
Youthstart, for example, promotes access to work or a recognized form of education for all young people under the age of 20; Horizon funds projects to employ the disabled and get young handicapped groups into normal education programmes; ADAPT promotes training programmes developing new qualifications, skills and job opportunities for the unemployed and for those whose jobs have disappeared due to technological change.
NOW tager sigte på at skabe lige adgang for kvinder til arbejde og er hvervsuddannelse.
NOW aims to create equal access for women to jobs and professional training.
Den Europæiske Socialfond (ESF) er Fællesskabets hovedredskab, når det gælder om at uddanne arbejdskraften og forbedre arbejdsmarkedets funktion i Fællesskabet.
For more information on European So cial Fund programmes contact your national education or employment de partments, or the representatives of the European Commission in your country.
Selv om ESF er relevant for flere af Fællesskabets seks strukturfondsmålsætninger (se afsnittet om Fællesskabets regionalpolitik), og den derfor skal være fleksibel for at kunne sættes ind over for et bredt spektrum af problemer, fokuserer den navnlig på det store antal langtidsarbejdsløse og på de unge, der mangler de færdigheder, der er brug for på arbejdsmarkedet.
The European Social Fund (ESF) is the Community's main tool for developing human resources and improving the workings of the labour market throughout the Community.
Endvidere satser den på arbejdsløse eller personer, der er i fare for at miste deres arbejde på grund af udviklingen inden for erhvervslivet eller teknologien. en.
Its primary concern is to help people get back into work and to support others already in work but who need to improve their professional prospects.
Der er indført en række fællesskabsinitiativer, der administreres af Europa-Kommissionen, og som Europa-
Although the ESF is allocated as part of the Community's six Structural Fund objectives (see the section on Community regional policy), and consequently needs to be flexible in order to respond to a wide range of problems, it focuses in particular on the large number of long-term unemployed and young people lacking the skills needed by the labour market, and targets support for those out of work or in danger of losing their jobs due to industrial and technological change.
Det er de relevante myndigheder i medlemsstaten, normalt arbejdsministeriet, der udvælger projekterne.
pean Commission and the Member States on the basis of these plans and the Member States follow this up by applying to the Commission for funding.
ESF kan yde tilskud på op til 75% af de samlede udgifter på de områder, hvor behovet er størst, på andre områder op til 50% af udgifterne.
The ESF provides up to 75% of the total costs in areas that need the most assistance, in others the Community funds up to 50% of the total.
Socialfondsmidlerne tildeles under hensyntagen til de enkelte medlemsstaters behov og skal være et supplement til landenes egne beskæftigelsesinitiativer.
ESF funding as a whole is allocated by the Community according to each Member State's own needs and is designed to complement and be additional to their respective employment initiatives.
Der findes derfor et snævert partnerskab mellem Europa-Kommissionen, de nationale regeringer og de relevante lokale og regionale myndigheder, så det sikres, at ressourcerne anvendes målrettet og effektivt.
Therefore, it rel ies on the close partnership between the European Commission, national governments and the appropriate local and regional authorities to ensure that the resources available are properly targeted and efficiently used.
Den aktuelle bevillingsperiode for ESF løber fra 1994 til 1999. Der er afsat et årligt budget på 5 mia. ECU.
The present funding period for the ESF runs from 1994 to 1999 at an annual budget of ECU 5 billion.
Ved begyndelsen af denne periode udarbejder hver medlemsstat en plan for, hvorledes den påtænker at anvende de forhåndenværende midler i hen hold til de gældende regler for ESF.
At the beginning of this period each Member State draws up plans for the use of there sources on offer according to the rules governing the ESF.
Op mod 10 mio. mennesker rammes hvert år af arbejdsulykker og erhvervssygdomme i Fællesskabet. Heraf dør 8 000 af deres arbejdsskader.
Nearly 10 million people are affected by occupational accidents and illnesses every year in the Community; of these 8 000 die from injuries received at work.
Omkostningerne hertil er enorme — i 1991 gik der 26 mia. ECU til erstatning og læge- og medicinudgifter, ekskl. de indirekte omkostninger for erhvervslivet.
The economic costs are also huge — in 1991 ECU 26 billion was paid out across Europe in compensation and medical costs, not counting the indirect costs to industry.
Endvidere viser undersøgelser, at arbejdsulykker og erhvervssygdomme ofte skyldes dårlig ledelse.
More over, studies show that in many instances accidents and occupational diseases are associated with poor management practices.
Sundhed og sikkerhed har stået på Fællesskabets dagsorden, lige siden det blev grundlagt, men det var først i 1970'eme, at man rigtigt blev klar over sagens alvor.
Health and safety have been on the Community's agenda since it was first founded, but it was not until the 1970s that the seriousness of the these risks first became apparent.
Den første lovgivning på området tog sigte på at be skytte arbejdstagerne mod alle farlige fysiske, kemiske og biologiske agenser, fastsatte grænser for koncentrationen of asbest på arbejdspladsen, krævede sikkerhedsskiltning indført og reducerede udsættelsen for bly og bly sammensætninger.
Early legislation sought to protect workers from all dangerous physical, chemical and biological agents, set limits on concentrations of asbestos in the workplace, required the use of safety signs and reduced exposure to metallic lead and its compounds.
Kvinderne udgør mere end halvdelen af befolkningen, lever længere, men tegner sig for over halvdelen af den registrerede arbejdsløshed i Fællesskabet og har ofte de dårligst betalte jobs.
Women make up more than half of the population and tend to live longer, yet they account for over half of the registered unemployed in the Community and often have lower-paid jobs.
Der er færre kvinder i Europa i be skæftigelse (66%) end i USA og Japan (72%).
Less women are actively engaged in employment in Europe (66%) than in the USA or Japan (72%).
Efter den europæiske fælles akt fra 1986 kom der skub i Fællesskabets lovgivning om arbejdsmiljø. Således blev det et krav, at varer, der frit bevægede sig rundt i Fællesskabet, skulle opfylde fælles sundheds- og sikkerhedskrav, og at medlemsstaterne burde nå til enighed om sådanne mindstebestemmelser for hele Fælles skabet.
The 1986 Single European Act accelerated the pace of Community health and safety legislation, principally by requiring that goods moving freely across the single market had to comply with common health and safety standards, and that Member States ought to try to agree on minimum conditions throughout the Community.
skytteise mod udsættelse for kræftfremkaldende stoffer, beskyttelse af gravide og ammende kvinder, skærmarbejde samt arbejdsvilkår i miner, stenbrud og om bord på fiskerfartøjer.
ure to carcinogens, the protection of pregnant women and recent mothers at work, work with display screen equipment and conditions in mines, quarries and onboard fishing vessels.
Siden da er der vedtaget en række EU-direktiver for både den offentlige og den private sektor, der øger arbejdsgiverens ansvar for at evaluere og over våge risiciene og informere og uddanne arbejdstagerne.
Since then a series of EU directives have been agreed covering workers in both the public and private sectors, in creasing employers' responsibilities in evaluating and monitoring risks, and informing and training workers.
Der er bl.a. tale om brug af personlige værnemidler, be-
Hence the laws concerning the use of personal protective equipment, expos-
tilfredsstillende arbejdsmiljø, forbyder afskedigelse på grund af svangerskab og giver dem ret til mindst 14 ugers barselsorlov.
quate health and safety at work for pregnant women, prohibits dismissal on the grounds of maternity and gives a minimum 14 week period of maternity leave.
Den forbyder også, at gravide udsættes for visse farlige stoffer. fer.
It also specifies that pregnant women"should not be exposed to certain dangerous substances.
Ligebehandling af mænd og kvinder var allerede et krav i Romtraktaten.
Equal treatment of women and men has already been demanded in the 1957 Treaty of Rome.
På det tids punkt var der mange af landene, der endnu ikke havde fået en ligestillingslovgivning, og for mange kvinder betød Rom-traktaten en væsentlig forbedring.
At that time many countries did not yet have legislation on equal opportunities and for many women the Treaty of Rome brought substantial improve ments.
EU ser det som sin opgave at sikre ligestil lingen.
The EU is committed to ensuring equal opportunities.
Samtidig bliver det stadig mere klart, at mange mænd ønsker at bidrage mere til familielivet. Derfor er man nu ved at se nærmere på spørgsmålet om forældreorlov for begge køn.
The Community has had a long standing commitment to equal opportunities and it is widely recognized that this has been a catalyst for major change in the Member States.
Der er fremsat et direktivforslag, i henhold til hvilket arbejdstagere med et barn på under to år skal have ret til at tage mindst tre måneders forældreorlov.
However, this change has been uneven, resulting in a large number of cases being brought by individuals before the European Court of Justice, which has played a major part in forcing countries to take the issue more seriously and combat sexual discrimination.
Fællesskabets løfte om at fremme lige stillingen går meget langt tilbage i tiden, og det er almindeligt anerkendt, at dette har virket som en katalysator for de afgørende forandringer i med lemsstaterne.
At the same time it is increasingly clear that many men feel they want to contribute more to family life, and the issue of parental leave for both sexes is now being considered.
Der findes også fællesskabsprogrammer under Den Europæiske Social fond, hvorfra der kan ydes tilskud til erhvervsuddannelsesprojekter for kvinder. der.
A proposal for a directive has been put forward offering any worker with a child under the age of two the opportunity to take a minimum of three months as parental leave. Men also feel that retiring
Der er vedtaget fællesskabsdirektiver om ligeløn (princippet om samme løn for arbejde af samme værdi), lige adgang til beskæftigelse, uddannelse, forfremmelse og samme arbejdsvilkår, lige adgang til social sikring samt lige stilling for selvstændige.
Community directives exist on equal pay, pushing the principle of 'equal pay for work of equal value'; equal treatment in access to employment; training, promotion and working conditions and equal treatment in social security and for the self-employed.
Den senest vedtagne lovgivning sikrer gravide et
Recent legislation guarantees ade
Hvad gør Fællesskabet for de handicappede?
five years later than women is discriminatory and affects their pension rights unfairly.
Derfor har Fælles skabet tilstræbt at give disse mennesker mulighed for at blive fuldt Integreret i samfundet.
Community programmes funding vocational training projects for women also exist; these are funded under the European Social Fund.
TIDE har til formål at give handicappede og ældre bedre muligheder gen nem ny teknologi.
Other Community programmes assist the disabled in other ways.
Her kan Fællesskabet bidrage med op til 50% af de samlede udgifter til forsknings- og udviklingsprojekter. lingsprojekter.
Horizon looks to integrate the disabled into the labour market; TIDE aims to maximize the opportunities available to disabled and elderly people by the development of new technologies, with Community contributions meeting up to 50% of the total costs for eligible R & D projects.
For at nå dette mål benytter Fællesskabet især HELIOS ll-programmet, der skal fremme funktionel revalidering af handicappede, uddannelsesmæssig integration, økonomisk og social integration samt selvhjulpenhed.
Approximately one in ten Community citizens suffers from some serious disability, either psychological, physical or mental. With this in mind the Community has sought to ensure that disabled people are able to become fully integrated members of their communities.
Det yder også støtte til særlige projekter som f. eks. levering af praktisk computerinformation til handicappede, så de kan holde sig informeret om de seneste teknologiske fremskridt inden for undervisningshjælpemidler, kommunikationsmidler, hjælpemidler i hjemmet og på arbejdspladsen samt mobilitetshjælpemidler.
In order to achieve this goal the Community's Helios II programme, which forms the centrepiece of its efforts in this field, is currently focusing on the functional rehabilitation of the disabled, educational integration, vocational training and rehabilitation, economic and social integration and independent living.
HELIOS-pro-grammet opmuntrer de handicappede til at deltage på lige fod i andre af Fællesskabets uddannelses-, ungdoms-, og undervisningsprogrammer som f.eks. ERASMUS og LINGUA under SOCRATES-programmet.
It also funds special projects, such as the provision of practical computerized information to disabled people, keeping them up to date with the la test technological advances in terms of teaching aids, means of communication, adaptations to the home and the workplace or for improving mobility.
Det opmuntrer også til øget udveksling af oplysninger mellem de nationale regeringer, ikke-statslige organisationer og de handicappedes repræsentanter, så kendskabet til nyskabende praksis kan udbredes.
It is also aimed at encouraging increased exchanges of information between national governments, non-governmental organizations and disabled people's representatives so that succesful and innovatory practices can be shared.
Hvorfor skal vi have en europæisk regionalpolitik?
Why have a European regional policy?
ternes økonomier er indbyrdes afhængige, og at mange medlemsstater skærer ned på deres egen regionalstøtte, har gjort det klart, at kun Fællesskabet vil være i stand til at spille en effektiv rolle i bestræbelserne på at udjævne disse forskelle.
However, the scale of some of the problems, combined with the interdependence of many regional and Member States' economies, and the fact that many Member States are cutting back on their own regional support, has made it clear that only the Community can play a truly effective role in evening up these imbalances.
Økonomisk udvikling, levestandard og arbejdsløshed udviser enorme for skelle fra land til land i EU.
Levels of economic development, living standards and unemployment vary enormously across the European Community.
I 1991 for eksempel var det gennemsnitlige BNP pr. indbygger i de ti dårligst stillede regioner over fire gange lavere end i de ti bedst stillede områder og arbejdsløsheden syv gange større.
For instance, in 1991 the average GDP per head in the 10 least prosperous regions was over four times less than that of the 10 most prosperous areas, and unem_BAR_:loyment seven times greater.
Behovet for at reducere de regionale forskelle kom endnu mere i centrum med indførelsen af enhedsmarkedet.
The need to reduce regional disparities has been brought into even sharper focus with the introduction of the single market.
I en verden hvor kravene skærpes af hensyn til konkurrencen, er det ikke sandsynligt, at fri handel og markedskræfterne kan sikre en afbalanceret udvikling; i stedet vil de fattige regioner nok sakke endnu mere bagud. Når regeringerne nu har strammet deres
In a world which imposes in creasing constrain'.:; through the need for competitiveness, ii is unlikely that free trade and market ¡orces will ensure
Når der kan være så store forskelle, selv mellem forskellige regioner i samme land, er det klart, at der er en meget lille realistisk chance for at udjævne de ovenfor nævnte forskelle på kort sigt.
As regions can differ so much, even within a single country, it is recognized that there is little realistic chance of closing the kinds of gaps described above in the short term.
Den Europæiske Investeringsbank og regionaludviklingen
The European Investment Bank and regional development
En styrkelse af den økonomiske og sociale samhørighed gennem ansporing til investeringer i regioner, hvis udvikling halter bagefter, eller som står over for omlægningsproblemer, er også en konstant højt prioriteret opgave for Den Europæiske Investeringsbank. Ca. to tredjedele af bankens finansieringsmidler går til regioner, der kan støttes via strukturfonde og Samhørighedsfonden.
Strengthening economic and social cohesion by fostering investment in regions lagging behind in their development or facing conversion problems is also a constant priority of the European Investment Bank.