natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
— liberaliseringen af den internationale samhandel og af kapitalbevægelserne — den stadigt accelererende teknologiske udvikling og informationssamfundets opståen — privatiseringen (staten trækker sig ud af en lang række økonomiske områder).
In order to lose no time in giving practical shape to the police cooperation defined in Title VI of the Treaty on European Union, a Europol Drugs Unit was established in January 1994.
Samtidig stimulerer privatiseringen udviklingen af nye teknologier og bidrager til at fjerne handelshindringer.
The prime objective of this Unit was to combat drug trafficking and associated money laundering.
Endelig giver det teknologiske fremskridt virksomhederne og den enkelte mulighed for nemmere at omgå de nationale bestemmelser.
Its terms of reference were subsequently extended to cover measures to combat trafficking in radioactive and nuclear substances, clandestine immigration networks, vehicle trafficking and money laundering associated with these criminal activities; the fight against trade in human beings was also added later.
D Europa-Kommissionen D Hvidboger.
Convention (Justice and home affairs) Justice and home affairs
Gældende fællesskabsret
European political cooperation (EPC)
Den gældende fællesskabsret et det fælles fundament af rettigheder og forpligtelser, der forbinder med lemsstaterne.
European political cooperation (EPC) was introduced informally in 1970 (in response to the Davignon report) and formalized by the Single European Act with effect from 1987.
Den er hovedsagelig bygget op omkring Rom-traktaten og de tekster, der supplerer denne (den europæiske fælles akt, traktaten om Den Europæiske Union mfl.) samt den omfattende afledte ret, der udspringer heraf.
The object is consultations between the Member States in foreign policy matters.
Unionen har sat sig for at holde den gældende fællesskabsret intakt og at udvikle den yderligere.
The Member States have regard for the views of the European Parliament and wherever possible take common positions in international organizations.
Undtagelserne fra det retsgrundlag, den gældende fællesskabsret udgør, er få og af begrænset omfang.
EPC was superseded by the common foreign and security policy.
D Differentieret integration D EU-retten D Fælles institutionel ramme D Søjlerne i Den Europæiske Union.
European security and defence identity
Gøre til fællesskabsanliggende/henlægge under Fællesskabets kompetence
The idea of developing a European defence identity has been prompted by two considerations.
At gøre et område til fællesskabsanliggende består i at overføre området fra det mellemstatslige samarbejdsområde (anden og tredje søjle) til det fællesskabsretlige område (første søjle).
For some years now Europe has had to face an environment in which several hotbeds of instability have sprung up in the eastern half of the continent, Chechnya and Bosnia-Herzegovina being prime examples.
Det fællesskabsretlige samarbejde bygger på den opfattelse, at unionsborgernes interesser bedst forsvares ved at lade EU-institutioncrne spille deres rolle i beslutningsprocessen uden hindringer, men under overholdelse af nærhedsprincippet.
The last few years have consequently served to emphasize the limitations of an alliance, NATO, which defines itself primarily in relation to an external threat, while at the same time there is a growing realization of the need for a political entity motivated by an awareness of shared interests to face up to the new security challenges in Europe.
I forbindelse med regeringskonferencen er det primært overførslen af visse områder under de retlige og indre anliggender (tredje søjle) til fællesskabsområdet, der står til diskussion.
The first steps towards this were taken at the NATO Council held in Berlin on 3 June 1996 with the development of the concept of Combined Joint Task Forces (CJTF). to which the Ministers of the Alliance subscribed at the January 1994 summit as a means of using NATO's military capacity in operations led by the WEU under its political control and strategic management.
D Overførsel mellem søjlerne (RIA) D Søjlerne i Den Europæiske Union.
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Renovated NATO Western European Union (WEU)
Hierarkiet af Fællesskabets retsakter
External responsibilities of the European Community
Hierarkiet af Fællesskabets retsakter er omhandlet af en erklæring, der er knyttet som bilag til traktaten om Den Europæiske Union, og i henhold til hvilken regeringskonferencen »skal undersøge, hvorvidt det er muligt at tage klassificeringen af Fællesskabets retsakter op til revision med henblik på at opstille et passende hierarki mellem de forskellige kategorier af retsakter«.
The European Community's external responsibilities are defined in accordance with whether they are conferred on the Community or on the Member States. They are described as 'exclusive' where they are exercised entirely by the Community (e.g. the common agricultural policy) and 'mixed' where they are shared with the Member States (e.g. the transport policy).
Hovedformålet med et sådant hierarki skulle være at give mulighed for at koncentrere sig om de politi ske aspekter ved problemerne frem for om detailspørgsmål.
The distinction has been defined in Court of Justice case law and is based on the principle of implicit responsibility, whereby external responsibility derives from the existence of internal responsibility.
Et retsaktshierarki vil fa afgørende betydning for Fællesskabets beslutningsproces ved at sikre, at den procedure, der anvendes for at vedtage rets-
The Treaty confers explicit responsibility in only two cases (commercial policy in Article 113 and the association agreements in Article 238).
akter på forfatningsniveau kræver mere (f.eks. enstemmighed superkvalificeret flertal, samstemmende udtalelse mv.) end den, der anvendes til den almindelige lovgivning (f.eks. fælles beslutningstagning), som så igen skal være mere krævende end proceduren for vedtagelse af gennemførelsesbestemmelser (f.eks. institutionaliseret uddelegering af beføjelserne til Kommissionen).
It should be pointed out that the common foreign and security policy comes under the European Union's external relations, which are governed by intergovernmental procedures (second pillar), and not the external responsibilities of the European Community.
Sporgsmålet drøftedes første gang i 1990 i forbindelse med den indledende debat om muligheden for at indføje den fælles beslutningsprocedure (proceduren for fælles beslutningstagning) i traktaten. Tanken, der lå til grund herfor, var at undgå at anvende en for omstændelig og krævende procedure på retsakter af mindre betydning, for ikke helt at lamme lovgivningsprocessen.
The growth in the Community's activities (e.g. the completion of the single market), developments in world trade and the less clear-cut case law have made the exercise of external powers more problematic, while at the same time entailing a far-reaching duty to cooperate and coordinate in the name of a united front in international representation.
I 1991 foreslog Kommissionen i forbindelse med forhandlingerne om Maastrichttraktaten at indføre et retsaktshierarki og en ny typeinddeling af retsakterne (traktat, lov, gennemførelsesbestemmelser), men forslaget strandede på medlemsstaternes forskellige retlige traditioner.
The Intergovernmental Conference is giving consideration to the possibility of extending the scope of Article 113 to trade in services, questions of intellectual property and direct foreign investment in order to reflect the extensive responsibilities given to the World Trade Organization and enable the Community to adapt to the radical changes in the structures of the world economy.
Udtrykket »hr. eller fru FUSP« er EU-jargon for spørgsmålet, om man ved at oprette en ny særskilt funktion under den fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik (FUSP) og ved derved at give Unionen et ansigt og en stemme i udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitisk sammenhæng (personificering af FUSP), vil kunne gøre Unionens tilstedeværelse på den internationale scene mere synlig og sammenhængende.
The fight against drugs involves a wide range of activities, chief among them the fight against addiction and against illicit trafficking.
D Fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik, den (FUSP).
This police cooperation is also in the list of matters of common interest in Article K. 1(9).
Som eksempel kan nævnes hvidbøgerne om virkeliggørelsen af det indre marked om vækst, konkurrenceevne og beskæftigelse og om tilnærmelse af lovgivningen i de associerede lande i Central- og Østeuropa inden for de områder, der vedrører det indre marked.
In its February 1996 Opinion on the Intergovernmental Conference, the Commission stresses the importance of bringing the fight against illicit drug trafficking into the Community framework as it is related to the free movement of persons.
Hvis Rådet antageten hvidbog, kan den eventuelt gøres til Unionens arbejdsprogram inden for det pågældende område.
The Reflection Group's report also mentioned the possibility of closer cooperation between the European Union and the Council of Europe in combating drugs.
D Europa-Kommissionen D Grønbøger D Rådet for Den Europæiske Union.
European Police Office (Europol) Justice and home affairs
Høringsproceduren går ud på. at Rådet inden en afgørelse skal hore Europa-Parlamentet og tage behörigt hensyn til dets udtalelse uden dog at være forpligtet til at folge denne.
The fight against fraud proceeds on two distinct legal bases: Article K.l(5), which provides for 'combat­ing fraud on an international scale in so far as this is not covered by (7) to (9)' (judicial cooperation in criminal matters, customs cooperation and police cooperation), and Article 209a of the EC Treaty (fraud affecting the Community's financial interests).
Proceduren anvendes hovedsagelig i forbindelse med den fælles landbrugspolitik.
But this dual legal basis, combining first- and third-pillar elements, is not conducive to effective policy action.
D Enstemmighedsprincippet D Europa-Parlamentet D Fælles landbrugspolitik, den D Kvalificeret flertal D Rådet for Den Europæiske Union.
Justice and home affairs Pillars of the European Union
Begrebet hård kerne bruges om en begrænset gruppe af lande, der vil og kan udbygge deres indbyrdes samarbejde.
After the Intergovernmental Conference, the fight against international crime may well be added to the list of matters of common interest in Article K. 1 (for the moment, it is merely mentioned as a subset of police cooperation in Article K.l(9)).
Tanken hører hjemme i debatten om fleksible samarbejdsmønstre, der skal gøre det muligt at forankre den fleksible integration inden for Unionens institutionelle ramme og dermed forhindre, at der opstår hårde kerner uden for denne (som f.eks. Schengen-systemet).
Explicit provision for it would enable the Member States to go beyond exchanging information, as they would have a clear legal basis for using the instruments pro­vided for by Article K.3 (joint positions, joint actions, conventions) and for embarking on a genuine policy for combating international crime.
D Differentieret integration D Schengen-aftalen og Schengen-gennemforelseskonventionen.
European Police Office (Europol ) Justice and home affairs
Hvis aftalen om social- og arbejdsmarkedspolitikken blev indarbejdet i traktaten, ville Det Forenede Kongeriges undtagelse fra social- og arbejdsmarkedspolitikken (opting out) falde bort.
Hence the designation of 1997 as the European Year against Racism proceeds from a Council Resolution and Decision only, leaving action to the Member States.
Konkret ville protokollen om social- og arbejdsmarkedspolitikken skulle afskaffes og aftalen om social- og arbejdsmarkedspolitikken indarbejdes som fælles retsgrundlag i traktaten.
The Intergovernmental Conference could consolidate the legal basis by adding racism and xenophobia to the list of matters of common interest in Article K. 1 (Title VI) of the Treaty on European Union so as to permit a genuine Community policy to be established.
Rådet og Europa-Parlamentet kan dog, hvis de finder det nødvendigt, opfordre Kommissionen til at være initiativtagende.
The Europol Convention is not yet in force, and police cooperation in terrorism matters is still covered by a Council working party.
Initiativretten anses for at være et element af grundlæggende betydning for balancen mellem Fællesskabets forskellige institutioner.
In future, a more specific item dealing with police cooperation to prevent and combat terrorism may be added to the list of matters of common interest in Article K. 1.
D Europa-Kommissionen D Fælles institutionel ramme D Fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik, den (FUSP) D Retlige og indre anliggender (RIA) D Søjlerne i Den Europæiske Union.
European Police Office ( Europol) Justice and home affairs
loannina-kompromiset loannina-kompromiset har sit navn fra et uformelt møde blandt udenrigsministrene i Ioannina i Grækenland den 29. marts 1994.
'General-interest services' are services considered to be in the general interest by the public authorities and accordingly subjected to specific public-service obligations.
Dette møde resulterede bl.a. i en rådsafgørelse om det konkrete spørgsmål om afvikling af kvalificerede flertalsafstemninger i en udvidet Union med 16 medlemmer.
They include non-market services (e.g. compulsory education, social protection), obligations of the State (e.g. security and justice) and services of general economic interest (energy, communications).
Denne beslutning er siden hen blevet ændret som følge af Norges beslutning om ikke at blive medlem.
Article 90 of the EC Treaty does not apply to the first two categories (non-market services and State obligations).
D Kvalificeret flertal D Rådet for Den Europæiske Union.
Public service Public service charter Services of general economic interest Universal service
Klassificering af udgifterne
(i) the liberalization of international trade and capital movements;
Udgifternes klassificering er et udtryk for forskellen mellem de af Unionens udgifter, hvis afholdelse og størrelse er fastlagt i traktaterne, den afledte ret. konventionerne, de internationale traktater eller privatretlige aftaler (de såkaldte »obligatoriske« udgifter — OU) og dem. budgetmyndigheden frit kan bestemme størrelsen på (de »ikke-obligatoriske« udgifter — IOU).
These three factors accentuate each other: technological progress stimulates international trade and worldwide patterns of trade allow for more effective dissemination of technological progress.
Udgifternes klassificering er en kilde til uenighed mellem de to institutioner, der har budgetbeføjelser, nemlig Rådet og Europa-Parlamentet, fordi Europa-Parlamentet kun har det sidste ord i forbindelse med de ikke-obligatoriske udgifter.
At the same time, deregulation stimulates the development of new forms of technology and contributes to removing barriers to trade.
Da landbrugsudgifterne anses for at være obligatoriske, er over 50% af fællesskabsbudgettet således uden for Europa-Parlamentets kontrol.
Lastly, technological progress has the effect of enabling businesses and individuals to find a way round national regulations more easily.
Kodificering af lovgivningen
Intergovernmental Conference: Agenda
— vertikal (den grundlæggende retsakt og de tilhørende ændringer sammenarbejdes til én ny retsakt) eller — horisontal (flere parallelle grundlæggende retsakter med tilhorende ændringer vedrorende samme emne sammenarbejdes til én ny retsakt).
Commission Green Papers are documents intended to stimulate debate and launch a process of consultation at European level on a particular topic (such as social policy, the single currency, telecommunications). These consultations may then lead to the publication of a White Paper, translating the conclusions of the debate into practical proposals for Community action.
Det skal dog bemærkes, at Vestunionen er den eneste rent europæiske organisation, der opererer med en kollektiv, automatisk forsvarsforpligtelse.
This refers to a small group of countries able and willing to enter into closer cooperation with one another.
I forbindelse med udviklingen af en europæisk forsvarsidentitet synes WEU i dag at spille en større rolle.
This concept has to be seen in the wider context of flexibility, which should see differentiated integration enshrined in the institutional framework of the Union to prevent hard cores from forming outside this framework (e.g. Schengen system).
D EUROFOR EUROMARFOR D Eurokorpset D Europæisk sikkerheds- og forsvarsidentitet (ESDI) D Fælles forsvarspolitik D Fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik, den (FUSP) D NATO, det nye D NATO D Vesteuropæiske Union. Den (WEU).
Differentiated integration (flexibility) Schengen (Agreement and Convention)
I henhold til komitéprocedurerne er det Kommissionen, der bistået af" en komité eller et udvalg bestående af repræsentanter for med-
It would dictate the shape of the Community decisionmaking process by ensuring that instruments of constitutional status were subject to tougher procedures (such as adoption by unanimous vote or by augmented qualified majority, and assent) than legislative instruments, which are themselves subject to tougher procedures (for example, the codecision procedure) than implementing instruments (for instance, the institutionalized delegation of powers to the Commission).
D Europa-Kommissionen D Rådet for Den Europæiske Union.
Codecision procedure (Article 189b) Community legal instruments Consultation procedure Cooperation procedure (Article 189c) Qualified majority Reinforced qualified majority Unanimity
De koncentriske cirkler symboliserer et EU bestående af grupper af medlemsstater, der har nået forskel lige integrationsniveauer.
The case law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities recognizes the principles laid down in the Council of Europe's Convention on Human Rights.
Billedet bruges dog ikke kun om Unionens struktur set fra en integrationssynsvinkel.
This respect for human rights was confirmed by the Member States in the preamble to the 1986 Single Act and later incorporated into Article F of the Treaty on European Union, which is based on the above Convention and the shared constitutional traditions of the Member States.
Det er blevet anvendt af flere forskellige politikere, hvoraf nogle skelner mellem »cirklen med lande med fælles retsgrundlag« (Unionens medlemsstater), »cirklen med nærtstående lande« (lande uden for Unionen, der venter på at blive optaget) og nogle mindre cirkler med lande med et større indbyrdes samarbejde om et givet emne (valutacirklen, forsvarscirklen etc.).
In the discussions about incorporating new provisions into the Treaty a number of measures have been envisaged, such as accession by the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights (which would mean the Union being given legal personality) or the possibility of sanctions against a Member State failing to respect these rights.
Denne politik indeholder fire målsætninger, der stadig er aktuelle:
European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) Suspension clause
I forbindelse med regeringskonferencen vil beskæftigelsespolitikken blive revideret i henhold til disse retningslinjer og dem, der skitseredes under Det Europæiske Råds møde i Essen.
Incorporation of the Social Policy Agreement is the term used to refer to the process at the end of which the British opt-out from social policy would cease.
Endvidere er der nogle medlemsstater, der ønsker at få indføjet konkurrenceevnen i traktatens artikel B.
In practical terms, this would entail doing away with the Social Policy Protocol and incorporating the Social Policy Agreement into the ordinary body of law in the Treaty.
Konsolidering af lovgivningen
Opting out Social policy
Konsolideringen er simpelthen udtryk for Kommissionens ønske om at gore et regelkompleks klarere.
As this process of construction has developed, the question of legitimacy has become more and more acute.
Den tekst, der herved fremkommer, har ingen retskraft, men kan eventuelt offentliggøres i De Euro pæiske Fællesskabers Tidende (C-udgaven) uden påtegninger og betragtninger.
Thus the Treaty of Maastricht sparked off the incorporation of the principle of democratic legitimacy into the heart of the institutional system by giving the European Parliament greater powers over the appointment and supervision of the Commission.
D Forenkling af lovgivningen D Gennemgribende ændring af lovgivningen D Kodificering af lovgivningen.
As part of the reform of the institutions, ways are being sought of striking a balance between the institutions which enjoy these two forms of legitimacy, so as to bring about a more democratic distribution of powers and involve Europe's citizens and national parliaments more closely in the decisionmaking process, one way being by the provision of more information.
Ved konstruktiv stemmeafholdelse forstås, at en medlemsstat i forbindelse med den fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik skal kunne afholde sig fra at stemme i Rådet, uden at de øvrige medlemsstater derved forhindres i at træffe en enstemmig beslutning.
(i) the establishment of a bicameral legislature with one chamber made up of representatives of the Member States and the other consisting of representatives of Europe's citizens; zens;
Den medlemsstat, der afholder sig fra at stemme, skal i så fald fritages fra at deltage i gennemførelsen af den pågældende fælles handling/aktion, men kan dog eventuelt være forpligtet til at udvise politisk og finansiel solidaritet.
(ii) establishing the codecision procedure as general practice, while extending the European Parliament's powers in relation to lawmaking;
Medlemsstaten kan ikke modsætte sig, at den fælles aktion eller holdning bærer Unionens navn, og bør undlade adfærd der kan skade den fælles holdning eller aktion.
(iii) enhancing the legitimacy of the Commission vis-a-vis the European Parliament and the Member States by overhauling the system for the appointment and supervision of the Commission by Parliament and making it subject to political control by the Council.
D Fælles udenrigs- og sikkerhedspolitik, den (FUSP).
Codecision procedure (Article 189b) Confirmation of the Commission COSAC Council of the Union Double majority European Commission European Council European Parliament
Kontrol med EU-rettens anvendelse/gennemførelse
Intergovernmental Conference (IGC)
Kontrollen med EU-rettens (fællesskabsrettens) anvendelse/gennemførelse påhviler Europa-Kommissionen, der er »traktaternes vogter«.
This is the term used to describe negotiations between the Member States' governments with a view to amending the Treaties.
Baggrunden er. at Den Europæiske Union bygger på et retligt grund lag, og kontrollen har til formål at sikre, at dette retsgrundlag overholdes og også faktisk anvendes i og af medlemsstaterne. I forbindelse med sin kontrolfunktion bestræber Kommissionen sig på at respektere den rolle, der også påhviler de nationale myndigheder på området, herunder domstolene.
An IGC is of major importance as regards European integration, where changes in the institutional and legal structure — or simply in the content of the Treaties — have always been the outcome of intergovernmental conferences (e.g. Single European Act and Treaty on European Union).
Kommissionens årsberetninger om fællesskabsrettens gennemførelse er udtryk for viljen til at udvise åbenhed ikke kun over for de klagende parter, men også over for borgere og parlamentsmedlemmer.
The sixth IGC, in 1996, holds regular meetings, in principle once a month, at foreign
Rådet kan udarbejde konventioner og opfordre medlemsstaterne til at vedtage dem. Konventioner på grundlag af artikel K.3 adskiller sig principielt fra konventioner på grundlag af artikel 220 i EF-trakta-ten. ved at de indgås af Rådet og kan omhandle flere områder (dem. der er dækket af artikel K. 1 ).
The preparatory work is done by a group consisting of a representative of the Foreign Minister of each Member State and the Member of the Commission with responsibility for institutional matters, with the Council's General Secretariat handling the practical arrangements.