natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Ved afgørelse af 23. januar 1993 som vedrørte sektoren for materiale og film til den grafiske industri, konstatererede konkurrencemyndigheden, at ingen af de aftaler, som Afga Compugraphic havde indgået med sine franske forhandlere, var blevet anmeldt til Europa-Kommissionen.
In its decision of 23 January 1993 concerning practices relating to equipment and films foruse in the industrial graphic arts, the Council found that none of the agreements concludedby Afga Compugraphic with its French distributors had been notified to the European Commission and they had not therefore been given negative clearance or individualexemption; nor was Regulation (EEC) No 1983/83 of 22 June 1983 concerning categoriesof exclusive distribution agreements applicable.
Sidstnævnte havde derfor ikke kunnet meddele negativattest eller individuel fritagelse. Videre fastslog konkurrencemyndigheden at aftalerne heller ikke kunne falde ind under gruppefritagelsesforordning nr. 1983/83 af 22. juni 1983 om eneforhandlingsaftaler.
The Council accordingly took the view that the clauses stipulating absolute territorial protection for resellers, a ban on exporting within the European Union and restrictions on thefreedom to determine resale prices that had been included in the exclusive distributionagreements, known as partnership agreements, concluded by Afga Gevaert with its distributors were incompatible with the common market and prohibited under Article 85(1) ofthe Treaty, since the object of such clauses was the prevention, restriction or distortion ofcompetition.
Den konstaterede desuden, at den anvendte praksis inden for distribution af film til kopiering, trykte kredsløb og kartografi måtte anses for at kunne påvirke samhandelen mellem medlemsstaterne som omhandlet i artikel 85, stk. 1.
Similarly, practices found in the distribution of films used in reproduction, printed circuitsand cartography and the distribution of Diffusion Transfert films were objected to as beingliable to affect trade between Member States within the meaning of Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
Konkurrencemyndigheden anvendte desuden fællesskabsretten i forbindelse med udtalelser, som den skulle afgive til økonomiministeren.
The Competition Council also referred to Community law in delivering opinions incases referred to it by the Ministry of Economic Affairs.
Sag 94-D-1S: EDF og GDF
Case 94-D-15: EDF and GDF
I en udtalelse af 10. maj 1994 om de konkurrencemæssige problemer vedrørende spredningen i EDF's og GDF's aktiviteter anførte konkurrencemyndigheden, at denne praksis tilsyneladende ikke gav anledning til særlige problemer hverken med hensyn til artikel 85 og 86 eller med hensyn til Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 4064/89 af 21. december 1989 om kontrol med fusioner.
In an opinion delivered on 10 May 1994, concerning competition problems raised by thediversification of the activities of EDF and GDF, the Competition Council took the viewthat such diversification did not seem to raise any specific difficulties either under Articles85 and 86 of the Treaty or under Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 of 21 December1989 on the control of concentrations between undertakings.
Sag 94-A-24:
Case 94-A-24: Cedest/Holdercim
I udtalelse af 20. september 1994 om selskabet Holdercims (færdigbeton) planlagte overtagelse af selskabet Cedest henviste konkurrencemyndigheden også til fusionsforordningen og erindrede om, at de franske myndigheder havde anmodet Kommissionen om anvendelse af henvisningsproceduren i forordningens artikel 9, hvilket Kommissionen havde godkendt ved beslutning af 6. juli 1994.
In an opinion delivered on 20 September 1994 on the planned acquisition of Cedest by Holdercim (ready-mixed concrete sector), the Council referred to the Merger Regulation,pointing out that the French authorities had requested and obtained, by Commission Decision of 6 July 1994, implementation of the referral procedure provided for in Article 9.
Selv om der i 1994 ikke var nogen tilfælde af direkte anvendelse af EU's konkurrenceregler, traf konkurrencemyndigheden en række afgørelser på grund lag af de generelle retningslinjer for anvendelse af artikel 85 og 86 samt de retningslinjer, der er fastsat ved Kommissionens beslutninger og i de afgørelser, der er truffet af EF-Domstolen og Retten i Første Instans.
Although there were no cases of direct application of the Community competitionrules in 1994, a number of decisions by the Competition Council were adopted in accordance with the general principles of Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty and on the basis of theguidelines laid down by Commission decisions and judgments of the Community lawcourts.
Som illustration anføres en række sager om procedurer for administrativ overtrædelse:
The following cases concerning proceedings for administrative infringement aregiven by way of illustration.
Under denne procedure mod selskabet IMPORBEL (Importação e Comércio de Cosmética e Perfumaria Ld), der som led i sit selektive salgssystem gjorde leveringen af produkter af mærket Claris betinget af, at kunden købte produkter af et andet mærke, tog konkurrencemyndigheden hensyn til Kommissionens beslutninger i sagerne vedrørende mærkerne Yves Saint-Laurent og Givenchy *) og pålagde den pågældende virksomhed at indføre en standardkontrakt for sit selektive salgssystem.
RELATIONS WITH THE AUTHORITIES AND COURTS IN THE MEMBER STATES 67 cases' and ordered the firm to adopt a standard-form contract for its selective distributionsystem.
Sag 12/92: Stendhal og Chanel
Case 12/92: Stendhal and Chanel
Det er ligeledes på grundlag af principperne i ovennævnte beslutninger, at konkurrencemyndigheden traf sin afgørelse i den procedure, den havde indledt mod selskabet Sociedade Luso-Helvética, der havde nægtet at levere produkter af mærket »Stendhal« og »Chanel« inden for sit selektive salgssystem.
Basing itself once again on the principles set out in the abovementioned decisions, the Competition Council delivered its decision in the proceeding initiated against Sociedade Luso-Helvetica, which had refused to supply Stendhal and Chanel products within theframework of a selective distribution system.
Den pålagde dette selskab at udarbejde nye generelle salgsbetingelser og en ny standardkontrakt for anerkendte forhandlere.
The Council ordered the company to draw upnew general conditions of sale and a new standard-form selective distribution contract.
Som led i proceduren mod virksomheden SAME Tractores (Portugal), som en forhandler beskyldte for at have indskrænket sit salgsområde, fastslog konkurrencemyndigheden på grundlag af EF-traktatens artikel 85, stk. 3, at en række betingelser i den standardaftale, som den pågældende virksomhed havde indgået med sine forhandlere, opfyldte betingelserne for fritagelse.
In a proceeding initiated against SAME Tractores (Portugal) accused by a reselling enterprise of having reduced its distribution area, the Competition Council based itself on theprovisions of Article 85(3) of the Treaty and took the view that certain clauses in the stan-dard-form contract linking the firm to its distributors satisfied the conditions for exemption.
De nationale domstoles anvendelse af Fællesskabets konkurrenceregler
Application of the Community competition rules by courts in the Member States
Af de oplysninger, de nationale myndigheder har fremsendt, fremgår det, at EF-traktatens artikel 85 og 86 anvendes af dommerne ved de nationale domstole i langt de fleste medlemsstater.
The information presented by the national authorities shows that Articles 85 and 86 ofthe EC Treaty are applied by ordinary courts in the great majority of Member States.
I henhold til artikel 42 i lov af 5. august 1991 om beskyttelse af den økonomiske konkurrence, gives der meddelelse om enhver dom fra domstole (cours eller tribunaux) om lovligheden af konkurrencemæssig adfærd til det belgiske konkurrenceråd [Conseil de la concurrence).
In accordance with Article 42 of the Law of 5 August 1991 on the protection of economic competition, any judgment or decision by the courts or tribunals on the lawfulnessof a competitive practice is communicated to the Competition Council.
I løbet af 1994 blev der under henvisning til EF-traktatens artikel 85 og 86 givet meddelelse til Konkurrencerådet om fem domme. De vedrørte særlig følgende foranstaltninger:
In 1994, five judgments referring to Articles 85 and 86 of the EC Treaty were communicated to the Competition Council.
— eksklusivkontrakter og misbrug af dominerende stilling.
68 GENERAL INTRODUCTION abuse of a dominant position;agreements on prices and selective distribution;exclusivity contracts and abuse of a dominant position.
De to danske gipspladeproducenter Gyproc A/S og Danogips A/S har siden den 1. april 1994 været pålagt indberetningspligt i henhold til konkurrencelovens §7, nr. 1.
The two Danish plasterboard producers, Gyproc A/S and Danogips A/S, have since 1April 1990 been subject to a notification requirement, pursuant to Article 7(1) of the Lawon competition.
I 1993 afviste Konkurrencerådet en anmodning om ikke at give aktindsigt i de to virksomheders rabat- og bonusaftaler.
In 1993, the Competition Board rejected a request relating to the confidentiality of the firms' agreements on discounts and rebates.
Gyproc A/S indbragte Konkurrencerådets afgørelse for Østre Landsret, der navnlig fandt, at afgørelsen ikke har en sådan sammenhæng med den markeds mæssige adfærd på området, at den er i strid med EF-traktatens artikel 3, 5 og 85.
Gyproc A/S referred the Board's decision to the 0stre Landsret (Eastern division of the High Court), which took the view that the decision did not have an incidence on trade practices in the sector such as to be contrary to the provisions of Articles 3, 5 and 85 of the ECTreaty.
Østre Landsret bekræftede Konkurrencerådets afgørelse om aktindsigt i virksomhedens rabat- og bonusaftaler.
The 0stre Landsret confirmed the Competition Board's decision on the publicnature of the discount and rebate agreements concluded by the company.
Gyproc A/S ankede dommen til Højesteret, der afviste virksomhedens anmodning om udsættelse af afgørelsen for at indbringe spørgsmålet om, hvorvidt Konkurrencerådets afgørelse er i strid med EF-traktaten, som en præjudiciel afgørelse for De Europæiske Fællesskabers Domstol.
Gyproc A/S appealed to the Etejesteret (Supreme Court), which rejected its application fora stay of judgment pending a reference to the Court of Justice of the European Communities for a preliminary ruling on the possible incompatibility of the Competition Board'sdecision with the EC Treaty.
Højesteret fandt ikke, at der var begrundet tvivl om, at denne afgørelse var i strid med fællesskabsret ten.
The Ftejesteret took the view that there was no serious doubtas to the compatibility of the decision with Community law.
Både Bundesgerichtshof (den tyske højesteret) og Landgerichte (domstolene i første instans) har anvendt Fællesskabets konkurrenceregler. De har afsagt følgende domme:
Both the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof) and the Regional Courts(Landgerichte) applied the Community competition rules.
EF-traktatens artikel 85 er en lovbestemmelse, der tager sigte på at beskytte den enkelte borger som anført i § 823 i Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (den borgerlige lovbog).
Article 85 of the EC Treaty constitutes a legal provision intended to protect the individualwithin the meaning of Article 823 of the Civil Code (BGB).
En forhandler, der er blevet udelukket af et selektivt distributionssystem, kan kræve at blive forsynet, når systemet er uforeneligt med artikel 85, stk. 1.
A reseller who has beenexcluded from a selective distribution system can demand to receive supplies where such asystem is incompatible with Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
En forpligtelse til ølforsyning er fortsat gyldig, selv hvis den aftale, der ændrer den oprindelige kontrakt, ikke er vedhæftet kontrakten.
An obligation to supply beer remains valid even if the agreement amending the originalcontract is not attached to the original contract.
En sådan udeladelse gør heller ikke aftalen uforenelig med EF-traktatens artikel 85.
Nor does such an omission render theagreement incompatible with Article 85 of the EC Treaty.
En aftale om salgsdistrikter, der er behørigt anmeldt i henhold til § 103, stk. 3 og 9 i Gesetz über Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen (lov om konkurrencebegrænsning), giver en gasleverandør ret til at kræve, at konkurrenterne afholder sig fra at levere gas til kunderne i hans salgsdistrikt.
A demarcation agreement duly notified pursuant to Article 103(3) and (9) of the Lawagainst restraints of competition gives the supplier of gas covered by such an agreementthe right to require competing suppliers not to supply customers established in its sales territory.
En aftale om salgsdistrikter for en enkelt by (i dette tilfælde Detmold) påvirker ikke samhandelen mellem medlems staterne og er således ikke i strid med EF-traktatens artikel 85.
A demarcation agreement relating to a single town (in this instance, Detmold) cannot affect trade between Member States and does not therefore constitute an infringementof Article 85 of the EC Treaty.
Tribunal Supremo (den spanske højesteret) afsagde en meget omdiskuteret dom i sag 1262/94 vedrørende en sag om erstatning og anerkendelse af rettigheder, som en række fiskeskippere havde rejst mod Compañía Arrendataria del Monopolio de Petróleos S.A.
The Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo) delivered a much discussed judgment in Case No 1262/94 in an action for damages and recognition of rights brought by a numberof fishing vessel operators against the Compania Arrendataria del Monopolio de Petroleos S. A.
(CAMPSA) for misbrug af dominerende stilling.
(Campsa) for abuse of a dominant position by Campsa, both in respect of the contracts for the supply of fuel for fishing vessels which it imposes on them and in terms of itsconduct on the market itself or its discriminatory practices as regards prices charged to Spanish fishing vessel operators.
Med denne dom fortolkede Tribunal Supremo princippet om direkte anvendelse af Fællesskabets konkurrenceregler i medlemsstaterne.
In delivering this judgment, the Supreme Court adapted the principle of the direct application of Community competition law in the Member States.
De nationale konkurren cemyndigheder og de nationale domstole får bemyndigelse til at anvende reglerne, men domstolene får kun en medvirkende rolle.
Jurisdiction for its applicationis given to the national competition authorities and to the national law courts, but only onan accessory basis in the case of the latter.
Tribunal Supremo understreger, at den nationale konkurrencemyndighed Tribunal de Defensa de la Competencia skal træffe en formel afgørelse om, hvorvidt der er tale om ulovlige konkurrencebegrænsende aktiviteter, inden der kan rejses erstatningssag ved domstolene.
The Supreme Court ruled that the national competition authority, Tribunal de Defensa de la Competencia must issue a formal decisionfinding that unlawful anticompetitive practices exist before action for compensation canbe brought before the civil courts.
Der er truffet over 30 afgørelser om anvendelsen af artikel 85 og 86 både af Cours Suprêmes (de højere instanser) og Cours d'Appel (appelretterne). En række eksempler herpå følger.
More than 30 decisions applying Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty were delivered bythe Supreme Courts and the Courts of Appeal.
La Cour d'Appel de Paris havde ophævet to klausuler i en forhandlingsaftale mellem Rover France og Garage Blandan i medfør af forordning om fritagelse nr. 123/85 og EF-traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1.
The Paris Court of Appeal annulled two clauses in the concession contract between Rover France and Garage Blandan, pursuant to block exemption Regulation No 123/85 and Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
La Cour de Cassation (kassationsretten) omstødte dommen med henvisning til, at selv om en aftale ikke opfylder betingelserne i fritagelsesforordningen, medfører dette ikke ugyldighed, da forordningen ikke indeholder bindende forpligtelser, der direkte påvirker gyldigheden af klausulerne i en kontrakt.
The Court of Cassation quashed the judgment on the ground that, if an agreement did notfulfil the conditions laid down by the block exemption Regulation, it was not automatically null and void, since the Regulation did not contain any binding prescriptions directlyaffecting the validity of clauses in a contract.
Desuden havde La Cour d'Appel i den foreliggende sag ikke påvist, hvordan de pågældende klausuler skulle eller ville have hindret, begrænset eller fordrejet konkurrencen i det indre marked.
Nor had the Court of Appeal shown in what way the disputed clauses had the objectoreffect of preventing, restricting or distorting competition within the common market.
La Cour d'Appel fandt, at det var i strid med EF-traktatens artikel 86, at France Télécom afviste at stille den orange liste over abonnenter til rådighed for redaktionen af telefonbogen over erhvervsabonnenter
The Court of Appeal held that the refusal by France Telecom to supply the list of subscribers in the yellow pages to publishers of phone books listing trade subscribers was contrary to Article 86 of the Treaty.
Retten fandt, at France Télécom havde misbrugt sin dominerende stilling som offentlig virksomhed med stor økonomisk indflydelse.
The Court held that France Telecom had abused its dominant position stemming from itsstatus as public operator and from its economic power.
La Chambre Criminelle (reisafdelingen for straffesager) havde modtaget en anke fra direktøren i et aktieselskab, der var blevet straffet for at have markedsført edb-terminaler, som ikke var godkendt af det franske postvæsen.
The Criminal Chamber received an application from a manager of SARL who had beenpenalized for having marketed terminal equipment not approved by the postal andtelecommunications authorities.
Imidlertid siger direktivet, at godkendelsesproceduren skal være uafhængig og upartisk, hvilket ikke var tilfældet i den foreliggende sag, da kontrollen blev foretaget af organer med forbindelse til administrationen.
However,the Directive made the approval procedure subject to a guarantee of independence andimpartiality, which was not the case in this instance, since control was carried out by bodies coming under the authority of the administration.
Endvidere har det franske postvæsen monopol på udnyttelse af telekommunikationsnettet.
Furthermore, the postal and telecommunications services hold the monopoly for the operation of the telecommunications network.
Domstolen omstødte således Cour d'Appels dom, der havde strafferetlige følger for direktøren.
The Court set aside the judgment of the Court of Appeal penalizing the manager.
La Cour d'Appel fandt, at EF-traktatens artikel 85 og 86 ikke fandt anvendelse på socialsikringsinstitutioner.
The Court of Appeal held that Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty were not applicable to socialsecurity bodies.
Under henvisning til De Europæiske Fællesskabers Domstols dom af 17. februar 1993 afviste La Cour de Cassation at sidestille socialsikringsinstitutioner med en privat virksomhed, da de udelukkende har en social funktion og er baseret på solidaritetsprincippet.
The Court of Cassation, basing itself on a judgment delivered by the Court of Justice of the European Communities on 17 February 1993, refused to treat as a commercial enterprisesocial security bodies whose function is exclusively social and based on the principle ofsolidarity.
La Cour de Cassation omstødte appelrettens dom, hvori den havde fundet, at et selektivt distributionsnet for luksusparfumer faldt ind under EF-traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1.
The Court of Cassation set aside a judgment by the Court of Appeal which had held that aselective distribution network for luxury perfumes fell within the scope of Article 85(1) ofthe Treaty.
Under henvisning til Fællesskabets retspraksis (særlig AEG mod Kommissionen af 25. oktober 1983) fandt La Cour de Cassation, at det var rimeligt at tillade en specialvirksomhed, der tilbød særlige ydelser i forbindelse med højteknologiske kvalitetsprodukter, en begrænset konkurrence med hensyn til priser til fordel for konkurrence på andre punkter.
On the basis of Community case-law (notably AEG v Commission, 25 October 1983), the Court of Cassation held that a specialized trade capable of providing specific services forhigh quality, sophisticated products justified a reduction in price competition in favour ofcompetition involving other elements.
Loven om tværfaglig organisation af landbruget (loi relative à l'organisation interprofessionnelle agricole) giver CNIPT ret til at opkræve en afgift for hvert ton kartofler, der markedsføres.
The CNIPT is authorized by the Law on agricultural intertrade organization to levy acharge on each tonne of potatoes placed on the market.
Afgiftens størrelse er fastsat i en brancheaftale.
A trade agreement set the amountof such charges.
Virksomheden Ferme de Larry afviste at betale afgiften til CNIPT under henvisning til, at den var i strid med konkurrencereglerne i loven og aftalen.
The company, Ferme de Larry, refused to pay its fees to the CNIPT on thegrounds that the Law and the agreement were incompatible with the competition rules.
La Chambre Commerciale (handelsretten) afviste appellen af flere årsager.
The Commercial Chamber rejected the appeal on a number of grounds.
Da der ikke er indført en fælles markedsordning for kartofler i henhold til EF-traktatens artikel 40, gælder artikel 85 og 86 i fuld udstrækning.
Since the potatomarket had not been the subject of a common organization of the market within the mean-
Imidlertid er hverken formålet med eller virkningen af den pågældende afgift direkte eller indirekte at fastsætte købs- og salgsprisen.
72 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ing of Article 40 of the Treaty, Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty applied in full.
Afgiften er dermed ikke i strid med EF-traktatens artikel 85, stk. 1.
However, thefee had neither the effect nor the object of setting the purchase or selling price directly orindirectly and was therefore not contrary to Article 85(1) of the Treaty.
Afgiften forfalder ikke, når en produktionskvote overskrides, men forfalder uden forskelsbehandling ved markedsføringen af de pågældende produkter.
The fee was not duein the event of a production quota being exceeded, but was due in a non-discriminatoryfashion when the products concerned were placed on the market.
Endelig garanterer afgiften finansiering af foranstaltninger til sikring af åbenhed på markedet for konservering og forædling af kartofler gennem et bedre kendskab til produktion og fremgangsmåder.
Lastly, the fees ensuredthe financing of resources that could ensure transparency of the potato market by improving the information available on output and sales.
I sagen O'Neill mod landbrugsministeren m.fl. afventer man High Courts dom. En dyrlæge har indbragt sagen, idet han mener, at ministerens system til udstedelse af licenser til kunstig inseminering er i strid med EF-traktatens artikel 86 og 90. Sagen minder om sag C-323/93 Société Civile Agricole du Centre d'Insémination de la Crespelle mod Coopérative d'Elevage et d'Insémination Artificielle du Département de la Mayenne.
In O'Neill v Minister for Agriculture and others the judgment of the High Court isawaited in an action by a veterinary surgeon seeking declarations that the licensing systemof the Minister for artificial insemination services is in breach of Articles 86 and 90.
Der er afsagt følgende to domme på grundlag af Fællesskabets konkurren ceregler:
Two judgments based on the Community competition rules are noteworthy:
Tribunale di Firenzes dom af 1. oktober 1993 — Domstolen minder om, at Corte di Giustizias (landsretten) dom af 10. december 1991 i sagen Merci Convenzionali Porto di Genova SpA mod Siderurgica Gabriella SpA finder direkte anvendelse på grund af den nationale inddeling af domstolene.
Judgment delivered by the Florence District Court on 1 October 1993 — The District Courtnoted that the judgment delivered on 10 December 1991 by the Court of Justice in Merci Convenzionali Porto de Geneva SpA v Siderurgica Gabriella SpA was directly applicablein national law.