natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Inspektørerne arbejder inden for rammerne af den ved kongelig anordning af
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR LABOUR INSPECTORATE INVOLVEMENT IN HEALTH AND SAFETY MATTERS
20. juni 1975 fastlagte forebyggelsespolitik. I disse forskrifter under streges den forebyggende opgave, der skal varetages af arbejdstilsynene med ansvar for sikkerhed og sundhed, særlig med hensyn til de ergonomiske aspekter.
Under Belgian legislation, labour inspectors are empowered to "prescribe measures to prevent any threat to health and safety at the workplace or to combat or eliminate any defects or nuisances which they consider to represent a threat to the health or safety of workers".
Arbejdstilsynet over to retlige midler: PÅBUD og FORBUD. Det kan ligeledes kræve STANDSNING AF ARBEJDET, EVAKUERING AF ARBEJDSSTEDERNE og FORSEGLING.
Labour Inspectorate action has two main functions: to ensure compliance with the legislation in force (General Regulations on safety at work and laws in specific technical areas); to ensure that all steps are taken to prevent or eliminate risks or potential risks to health and safety not covered by existing legislation.
PÅBUDET skal straks gennemføres, når den konstaterede fare er overhængende.
In their supervisory capacity, inspectors have extensive investigatory powers (cf.
Det kan midlertidigt eller endeligt forbydes.·
Annex) and various legal and administrative instruments at their disposal.
- samtlige arbejdstagere eller en del af disse at opholde eller indfinde sig pá en arbejdsplads;
Their role is essentially governed by the prevention policy defined by the Royal Decree of 20 June 1975, which emphasises the preventive role of the Labour Inspectorate, with particular stress on ergonomie aspects.
Af hensyn til arbejdstagernes sikkerhed eller sundhed (Jfr. RGPT og lov af
For the prevention or elimination of threats to health and safety, two categories of legal instrument are available: orders and interdictions.
16. november 1972) kan arbejdsinspektøren KRÆVE standsning af alt arbejde pá arbejdsstedet, som indebærer konstaterede risici.
The Labour Inspectorate is also empowered to order stoppage of work, evacuation of work premises and plant closure.
Når en fare forekommer at være overhængende, kan arbejdsinspektøren kræve, at de arbejdstagere, der var til stede, da faren blev konstateret,
The labour inspector can issue an order to an employer to remedy any hazards, defects or nuisances observed.
ØJEBLIKKELIGT EVAKUERES fra arbejdsstedet.
The order is immediately enforceable where the inspector has established imminent danger.
OVERHÆNGENDE FARE for at forhindre, at de anvendes.
This can be temporary or permanent and apply to:
2 - iværksættelse og følger
Stoppage of work
De trufne afgørelser kan håndhæves ved tvangsmidler af det statslige administrative politi. Afgørelserne kan paklages administrativt.
Where danger is assessed as imminent, the labour inspector is empowered to evacuate immediately all workers present on the premises.
2.1 Klageadgang
Closure
Arbejdsgiveren kan indgive klage ved anbefalet brev til ministeren senest den tiende dag efter den dag, hvor foranstaltningerne blev foreskrevet.
Premises, equipment, installations, machinery and apparatus can be closed down and access to manufacturing products or waste be prevented in the case of imminent danger.
Klagen har ikke opsættende virkning.
Implementation and effects
Ministeren skal tage stilling til klagen senest 60 dage efter modtagelsen af det anbefalede brev indeholdende klagen, eller senest 90 dage efter modtagelsen, såfremt sagen kræver forberedelse.
Application of administrative instruments can be the result of the findings of an inspector's enquiry, routine inspection or check following a received complaint, or form part of a national or regional safety campaign.
Ministerens afgørelse skal være begrundet og skal meddeles klageren ved anbefalet brev. Træffer ministeren ingen afgørelse inden de fastsatte 60 eller 90 dage, bliver de påklagede foranstaltninger ugyldige og kan ikke håndhæves.
Action takes the form of a written procedure with the purpose of: eliminating a risk to worker health or safety by ordering the firm to take the necessary technical and concrete measures; removing workers from an existing or potential hazard.
2.1.1 Fremgangsmade i hastesager
They are open to appea I.
Under klagesagens forberedelse har arbejdsgiveren mulighed for at indbringe sagen som en hastesag for dommeren ved civilretten (præsidenten ved underretten), som kan tage foreløbig stilling til klagen, dersom han skønner, at pakendelsen ikke kan opsættes.
Obstructing inspection activities by the Labour Inspectorate and non compliance with measures as ordered are both offences liable to criminal prosecution.
Hastesagsproceduren har ingen følger for forberedelsen af klagesagen.
Appeals by employers must be addressed to the Minister by registered letter by the tenth day following the date on which the order is issued.
Når ministerens afgørelse stadfæster de af arbejdsinspektøren foreskrevne foranstaltninger, har arbejdsgiveren mulighed for at anke afgørelsen til
It is investigated by the central authority, and the employer or his representative has the right, upon request, to be heard by the official in charge of the investigation.
Conseil d'Etat (forvaltningssag - pastand om omstødelse).
Justificatory grounds must be given for the decision, which is notified in writing to the appellant.
Manglende gennemførelse af de af arbejdsinspektøren foreskrevne foranstalt ninger inden for de fastsatte frister samt af ministerens afgørelser om stadfæstelse af disse foranstaltninger kan straffes med hæfte fra 8 dage til 6 måneder og bßde fra 15.000 BEF til 100.000 BEF.
During the appeals procedure, the appellant may request the case to be heard by the judge dealing with urgent civil matters (presiding judge of the court of first instance), who may issue a provisional decision if he acknowledges the urgency of the case.
I gentagelsestilfælde inden for et år efter dommen kan straffen forhøjes til det dobbelte af maksimumstraffen.
A decision taken in these circumstances is open to appeal by the Minister to the court with jurisdiction over the court of first instance issuing the provisional decision.
Strafforfølgning kan iværksættes i tre àr fra tidspunktet for den overtrædelse, der har givet anledning til Arbejdstilsynets indskriden.
Instituting of the summary procedure has no effect on the standard appeals procedure.
Forvaltningsakten falder ind under den TILSYNSOPGAVE, der er pålagt arbejdsinspektørerne.
If the Minister confirms the measures ordered by the labour inspector, the employer has the right of appeal to the Council of State (administrative disputes - appeal for annulment).
Arbejdsinspektørerne har i forbindelse med deres "tilsynsopgave" fået pålagt at sørge for overholdelse af reglerne om arbejderbeskyttelse.
The fine can be applied cumulatively according to the number of occasions on which workers have been employed in conditions infringing the prescribed measures, up to a maximum of Bfrs 200 000.
Sikkerhed og sundhed udgør en integrerende del af disse regler. Reglerne findes navnlig i RGPT og suppleres af særlige love.
If an offence is repeated within one year of prosecution, the penalty can be increased to double the maximum.
De overtrædelser, der konstateres af arbejdsinspektørerne, kan gøres til genstand for strafforfølgning.
Public proceedings can be brought within three years of the original offence giving rise to action by the Labour Inspectorate.
1.1 Midler, der benyttes af arbejdsinspektørerne
Obstructing Inspectorate staff in the exercise of their duties
Med henblik pá at gennemtvinge overholdelsen af love og administrative forskrifter råder arbejdsinspektørerne over tre retlige midler:
Administrative action forms part of the labour inspector's general supervisory role.
- advarsel med frist til berigtigelse af forholdet
Obstructing inspection activities carried out in this capacity carries a penalty of 8 days' to one month's imprisonment and/or a fine of Bfrs 26 to 500. < * >
1.2 Iværksættelse af de retlige midler
CRIMINAL ACTION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT
Der henvises til gældende regler, og det angives, hvilke forhold der skal berigtiges.
Under the terms of their supervisory role, labour inspectors are responsible for ensuring that labour protection legislation is respected.
Advarsler og advarsler med frist til berigtigelse af forholdet
This includes all health and safety regulations, most of which are contained in the RGPT, supplemented by specific laws.
(fastsættelse af en frist) er ikke et led i anlæggelsen af straffesager.
Criminal proceedings can be brought or administrative fines imposed for infringements established by the Labour Inspectorate.
1.3 Optagelse af rapport
Legal instruments applicable
Betingelser med hensyn til form og indhold
1.1 Instruments available to the labour inspector
(som repræsentant for anklagemyndigheden ved de almindelige domstole for sager om sikkerhed og sundhed på arbejdspladsen) og til generaldirektøren for den juridiske afdeling i Arbejdsministeriet.
Warnings and deadlines for implementation are notified in writing to the employer or his official representative.
En afhør ingsrapport indeholdende overtræderens forklaringer i forbindelse med konstateringerne vedlægges rapporten.
A warning with or without implementation deadline does not constitute a stage in instituting criminal proceedings, the latter only being possible on the basis of an official report (PRO JUSTITIA) by the labour inspector listing the relevant contraventions.
Nægter overtræderen at udtale sig, skal dette udtrykkeligt nævnes i rapporten.
Such a report can be drawn up following non-response to a warning or deadline, but only if new evidence is provided by the labour inspector.
Det tilkommer undersøge I ses lederen for arbejdssager som repræsentant for anklagemyndigheden ved straffedomstolen at indlede retsforfølgningen.
In all cases of noncompliance with laws or regulations, the choice of legal instrument to be applied is at the discretion of the labour inspector.
Denne frist kan forlænges for at indhente yderligere oplysninger hos
Official reports - conditions of form and substance
Ved fristens udløb meddeler undersøge I ses lederen for arbejdssager general direktøren for den juridiske afdeling i Arbejdsministeriet sin afgørelse om:
A copy of the report must also be sent to the Auditeur du Travail (representative of the Public Prosecutor with responsibility for matters connected with occupational health and safety at work under ordinary law) and to the Director General of the legal department at the Ministry of Employment and Labour).
- at anlægge straffesag; i så fald kan proceduren med henblik pá ikendelse af administrativ bøde ikke iværksættes;
The official report lists the inspector's findings and the offences committed, and is accompanied by a statement made by the offender at the time the facts are established. Refusal to give a statement must be expressly mentioned in the report.
Sagen bliver først tilbagegivet dem, såfremt statsadvokaten ikke finder, at der er tale om en egentlig sammenhæng, og derfor atter henviser sagen til undersøgelses- lederen.
The Auditeur du Travail representing the Public Prosecutor in criminal matters is responsible for instituting proceedings.
Sager om manglende overholdelse af reglerne om sikkerhed og sundhed på arbejdspladsen inddeles i to kategorier: forseelser og forbrydelser. De førstnævnte (mildeste straffe) henhører under politiretten (tribunal de
In the case of wilful homicide or manslaughter involving a breach of health and safety legislation, the Auditeur refers the report to the Public Prosecutor (Procureur du Roi).
De to former for overtrædelser behandles ved straffedomstolene i første instans. Ved forbrydelser
Within this deadline, the Auditeur informs the Director General of the .
(langt den overvejende del af manglende overholdelse af sikkerheds- og sundhedsregler er forbrydelser) udpeges en dommer til at undersøge sagen blandt dommerne ved retterne i første instans.
Ministry of Employment and Labour's legal department of his decision either : to institute criminal proceedings, which precludes implementation of the administrative fines procedure; or not to institute criminal proceedings, in which case the administrative fines procedure may be implemented.
- til kriminalretten (beklædt af tre dommere), når det drejer sig om politirettens afgørelser;
If the case is referred to the Public Prosecutor the latter has sole competence, the Auditeur du Travail and the Director General of the legal department no longer having jurisdiction.
- til appelretten, nar det drejer sig om kriminalrettens afgørelser.
Jurisdiction is regained only if the Public Prosecutor rules out assimilation of offences and refers the file back to the Auditeur.
Frihedsstraffens længde og bødens størrelse varierer efter overtrædelsens art. Sanktionerne er hovedsagelig fastsat i lovene af 5. maj 1888, 20. juni
The former (the most minor offences) are dealt with by the local police courts and the latter by the criminal court dealing with minor offences.
1952 og 11. juli 1961.
The procedure is governed by the Code of Criminal Procedure.
Der kan idømmes hæfte fra 8 dage til ét år og/eller bøde fra 26 BEF til 50.000 BEF (multiplikator 80).
The labour inspectors are not directly involved but may give testimony in open court.
Strafansvaret påhviler arbejdsgiveren, dennes befuldmægtigede eller repræsentant.
The courts dealing with both types of offence are criminal courts of first instance.
Lønmodtageren er omfattet af immunitet.
In the case of "délits", which account for the vast majority of health and safety offences, an examining magistrate is selected from the magistrates with jurisdiction at this level.
1984 indeholder en væsentlig formel og materiel fornyelse, ifølge hvilken straffesagen kan bortfalde.
Appeals against decisions by both these courts can be made to the Court of Cassation.
Loven giver både statsadvokaten og undersøgelses lederen for arbejdssager mulighed for at sende overtræderen et bødeforlæg, førend sagen indbringes for politiretten eller kriminalretten. Betales den foreslåede bøde, bortfalder straffesagen.
This is the supreme court with competence to deal with decisions issued in last resort and those transferred as being in breach of the law or of requirements of form which are either material or where noncompliance renders the decisions null and void.
2.3 Administrative sager. Administrative bøder
The possible penalties are a prison sentence and/or a fine.
Såfremt undersøge I ses lederen for arbejdssager giver afkald pá at anlægge straffesag (jfr. II 2.1), kan overtræderen idømmes administrative bøder.
They are essentially laid down in the Laws of 5 May 1988, 20 June 1952 and 11 July 1961 and range from 8 days' to one year's imprisonment and/or a fine of Bfrs 26 to 50 000 (multiplier rate 80).
Der er tale om erstatningsstraffe, som anvendes af en af kongen udnævnt person.
Penal responsibility is with the employer or his representative.
Arbejdsminister iet.
Employees are immune from criminal prosecution.
Generaldirektørens skønsret
Settlement and discontinuation of proceedings.
Giver undersøge Ises lederen for arbejdssager afkald pá at anlægge straffesag, medfører det ikke automatisk, at der skal betales administrative bøder.
The law of 28 June 1984 introduced an important procedural amendment allowing discontinuation of proceedings.
Generaldirektøren har en udstrakt skønsret, der giver ham mulighed for at finde en sådan bøde uhensigtsmæssig, bestemme, at overtræderen skal betale den, eller henlægge sagen pá grund af bevisets st i I I ing.
Under the new procedure, the Public Prosecutor and the Auditeur du Travail are empowered to set at their own discretion a sum to be paid by the offender as an alternative to referring the matter to court. Upon payment of this discretionary fine, proceedings are discontinued.
Arbejdstilsynet, som har tilsyn med hans virksomhed.
2.3 Administrative proceedings - fines
Efter udløbet af fristen på én måned, og senest tre år efter overtrædelsen, beslutter generaldirektøren, om der bør idømmes en administrativ bøde eller ej.
If the Auditeur du Travail decides not to institute criminal proceedings (cf. Il 2-1), administrative fines can be imposed.
Hans afgørelse skal være begrundet og skal meddeles ved anbefalet brev.
These are alternative penalties, application of which is the responsibility of a crown official.
Herefter skal arbejdsgiveren betale bøden senest tre måneder efter meddelelsen.
In matters of health and safety at work, this power is delegated to the Director-General of the Ministry of Employment and Labour's legal department.
Sagens behandling og frister
Discretionary powers of the Director-General
Forskellige foranstaltninger i forbindelse med sagens behandling kan bevirke, at 3-års fristen forlænges.
Non-insti tut ion of criminal proceedings by the Auditeur does not automatically imply an administrative fine.
Det drejer sig bl.a. om inspektørens rapport over overtræde isen, en af undersøge I ses I ederen for arbejdssager krævet supplerende undersøgelse og en opfordring til arbejdsgiveren om at fremlægge sit forsvar.
The Director-General has extensive discretionary powers to judge the penalty inappropriate, to allow the offender to rectify the situation or to decide that the offence has not been clearly established.
Ved meddelelsen af den afgørelse, hvorefter der idømmes en administrativ bøde slutter sagen.
Following a preliminary examination, if the Director-General considers that the labour inspector's findings are sufficient grounds for an administrative fine, the employer is sent a registered letter requiring him to make a formal plea.
Undersøge I ses lederen for arbejdssager kan ikke længere omgøre sin beslutning om at henlægge den.
The employer has a month within which to reply in writing to the Director-General or orally to the appropriate regional office of the Labour Inspectorate.
Foreligger der ingen afgørelse fra generaldirektøren inden udløbet af 3-ärs fristen for sagens behandling, forældes sagen om den administrative bøde.
Justificatory grounds must be given and the decision notified by registered letter. The employer has three months from notification within which to pay the fine.
Den administrative bøde andrager mellem 1.000 BEF og 50.000 BEF.
Factors affecting the procedure.
Bødens størrelse fastsættes efter generaldirektørens skøn.
Further investigations carried out within the 3-year period extend that period accordingly.
Der tages hensyn til lovgivningens specifikke mål, til om der har fundet en arbejdsulykke sted, om der er fare for en arbejdsulykke eller erhvervssygdom, om der er sket gentagelse af samme eller lignende overtrædelser, eller om overtræderen definitivt nægter at berigtige de forhold, der udgør trusler for sikkerhed og sundhed.
The inspector's report establishing the offence, further investigations required by the Auditeur, and obtaining a formal plea from the employer are all factors which may affect the procedural deadli ne.
2.3.3 Arbejdsgiverens klageadgang
Implications of the Director-General's decision
Arbejdsretten vurderer helt frit, om der skal idømmes en administrativ bøde.
Notification of the decision to impose an administrative fine automatically terminates public proceedings.
Retten kan stadfæste bøden, afvise den som uberettiget eller nedsætte dens størrelse, dog ikke til under det ved loven fastsatte minimum (jfr. 2.3.2.3).
The decision by the Auditeur du Travail to discontinue proceedings is irrevocable.
Sagen ved arbejdsretten behandles efter reglerne i den borgerlige retspleje.
If no decision is issued by the Director-General within three months of the final stage of the investigation, the administrative fine procedure is discontinued.
2.3.4 inddrivelse af administrative bøder
Level of fines
Uanset om arbejdsgiveren har indgivet klage til arbejdsretten, foretages der, såfremt han ikke betaler bøden inden for 3-màneders fristen, udlæg, der iværksættes af statens domænekontor.
Administrative fines range from Bfrs 1 000 to 50 000. Where several offences are committed, fines are cumulative up to a ceiling of double the maximum, i.e. Bfrs 100 000.
Udlægget indebærer, at arbejdsgiverens ejendele herefter kan sælges.
The amount of the fine is at the discretion of the Director-General.
Social ret I Igt
Employer's right of appeal
­ social sikrIngslove (socialsikring, pen­sloner, syge­ og In­
Non-payment of administrative fines
­ arbejdsvilkàr bortset fra tekniske og medicinske vilkår og og bortset fra soci­ valideforsikring, alslkr'ngslovene familieydelser, èri Ig ­ regler om lønninger, arbejdstid, arbejdsfrie sendage og om arbejdsplade­tens Indretning ferle, arbejdsulyk­ ker, erhvervssygdom­ rne)
Employers who fail to pay the fine by the three-month deadline are liable, notwithstanding appeal to the industrial tribunal, to a constraint procedure implemented by the Public Lands Administration involving confiscation and sale of the employer's property.
Standsning af arbejdet
Technical Inspectorate
Hastesager
Medical Inspectorate
Undersøgelses i eder f. arbejdssager
Working condition· Inspectorate
REPRESSIVE SANKTIONSSAGER
Laws and regulations
STATSADVOKAT strafforfølgning følgning
Identification of legislation
Ingen retsforfølgning
Appeal under summary procedure
ARBEJDSINSPEKTØRERNES BEFØJELSER
CRIMINAL ACTION/LAW ENFORCEMENT
LOV AF 16. NOVEMBER 1972
CASE DROPPED
b) fastslå identiteten af personer, der befinder sig pá arbejdsstedet eller andre steder, der er underkastet arbejdsinspektørernes tilsyn, og om hvem de har en rimelig formodning om, at der er tale om arbejdsgivere, repræsentanter eller befuldmægtigede, arbejdstagere eller personer omfattet af socialsikringsordningen, eller som de skønner, det er nødvendigt at afhøre i forbindelse med kontrollen; i den forbindelse kan de afkræve disse personer officielle légitimâtionspapirer eller søge at fá oplyst deres identitet pá anden måde, herunder ved at tage fotografier eller optage film og video.
- freedom to enter at any time and without prior warning any work sites or premises or other sites under their jurisdiction or where there are reasonable grounds to assume there are workers present who are covered by the legislation under their control. Access to residential premises is, however, subject to prior authorisation by the police court magistrate.
d) udtage og medtage prøver af alle bearbejdede eller færdige materialer, produkter eller stoffer, som opbevares, anvendes eller håndteres, med henblik pá en analyse elier for at føre bevis for en overtrædelse, forudsat at de, der er i besiddelse af disse materialer, produkter og stoffer, samt arbejdsgiveren og dennes repræsentanter og befuldmægtigede er underrettet herom.
- power to undertake any examination, inspection or interview, and obtain any information considered necessary to ensure that legislation under the Inspectorate's control is being properly implemented, including the right to: a) question, alone, together or in the presence of witnesses, the employer and/or his representatives, union representatives, members of works health and safety committees and works councils, workers, persons covered by social security provisions and any other person whose evidence may be necessary, on any matter which may assist them in their inspection activities.
e) beslaglægge mod kvittering eller forsegle andre løsøregenstande, som er underkastet deres tilsyn, eller ved hjælp af hvilke de officielt kan fastslå, at der er sket overtrædelse af love, som de kontrol lerer overholdelsen af, såfremt dette er nødvendigt for at bevise overtrædelsen.
b) demand the identity of persons present on works premises or other premises under their jurisdiction who can reasonably be supposed to be employers or their representatives, workers, persons covered by social security provisions or any other person who may be required to be interviewed in the course of inspection activities; to this end, they are empowered to demand from such persons the production of official identification documents or to establish their identity by other means, including the taking of photographs, films or v i déos.