natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Fusionskontrol Den svenske konkurrencemyndighed har for første gang anlagt en sag for Stockholms Tingsret, hvori den nedlagde påstand om, at en fusion mellem virksomheder i to tilfælde skulle forbydes i henhold til konkurrenceloven.
Merger control For the first time, the Competition Authority asked the Stockholm District Court to prohibit, in two cases,a merger between undertakings under the Competition Act.
I den første sag, der vedrører en fusion mellem filmlaboratorier, besluttede Tingsretten, at den ikke ville forbyde fusionen, eftersom konkurrencen, der primært kommer fra udenlandske laboratorier, er tilstrækkelig til at opretholde en effektiv konkurrence på det svenske marked. I den anden sag, hvor der var tale om fusion mellem automatserviceringsvirksomheder, besluttede Tingsretten, efter at konkurrencemyndigheden havde ændret sin påstand, at den ikke ville forbyde fusionen, men i stedet pålægge den afhændende virksomhed at opfylde visse forpligtelser under bødestraf.
In the first case, which concerned a mergerbetween photographic laboratories, the Court decided not to prohibit the operation because rivals - foreignlaboratories in the main - were sufficiently strong to maintain effective competition on the Swedish market.In the other case, which concerned the acquisition of automatic dispenser outlets, the District Court, afterthe Competition Authority had amended its application, acceded to a request that the acquiring companybe required to fulfil certain obligations under threat of the imposition of daily penalty payments.
Deregulering I en rapport til regeringen har konkurrencemyndigheden kommenteret udviklingen på seks markeder, som er blevet dereguleret i løbet af 1990'eme: taxaer, telekommunikation, postvæsenet, fly, tog og elektricitet.
Deregulation In a report to the Government, the Competition Authority commented on the development of six marketswhich had been deregulated in the 1990s, namely taxis, telecommunications, postal services, air transport,the railways and electricity.
Konkurrencemyndigheden har konstateret, at denne deregulering stort set har været en succes, men der er dog stadig visse konkurrencemæssige problemer.
The Competition Authority states that these deregulation exercises may on thewhole be considered a success but that there remain certain competition problems.
Mange af de deregulerede markeder domineres af en statsligt ejet virksomhed.
Many deregulatedmarkets are dominated by a state-owned undertaking.
Et spørgsmål, som ifølge konkurrencemyndigheden skal belyses nærmere, er om staten i tilstrækkeligt omfang adskiller sin rolle som virksomhedsejer og sin rolle som markedsregulator.
A question which, in the Competition Authority'sopinion, will have to be examined in greater detail is whether the State draws a sufficiently clear distinctionbetween its role as owner of undertakings and that of regulator of a market.
I en rapport om udviklingen på flymarkedet, der er udarbejdet på foranledning af konkurrencemyndigheden, foreslås der forskellige foranstaltninger for at øge konkurrencen yderligere inden for den nationale lufttrafik.
In a report on developments in the air transport market commissioned by the Competition Authority, variousmeans were proposed for increasing competition in domestic air transport even further.
Et forslag, der tager sigte på at lette nyetableringen af virksomheder, består i at "fastfryse" det dominerende selskabs afgangstider, når et mindre selskab forsøger at etablere en ny linje.
A proposal aimedat facilitating the establishment of new airlines would consist in "freezing" the departure times of thedominant airline where a smaller airline tries to establish itself on a new route.
Det dominerende selskab skal i en overgangsperiode afskæres fra at øge antallet af afgange eller flytte sine afgangstider for at tilnærme dem til den nye konkurrents afgangstider.
During a transition periodthe dominant airline would be prevented from increasing the number of its departures or moving itsdeparture times closer to those of the new competitor.
Konkurrencemyndigheden finder, at Apoteksbolagets monopol skal ophæves fuldstændigt.
APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Den 24. juli offentliggjorde generaldirektøren for Fair Trading konklusionerne af sin undersøgelse af BSkyB's stilling på grossistmarkedet for betalings-tv.
On 24 July the Director General of Fair Trading announced the conclusions of his review of BSkyB's position in the pay television market at wholesale level.
BSkyB havde givet nye uformelle tilsagn og ændret det tilsagn, der var givet i marts 1995, for derved at imødegå frygten for, at barrierer for indtrængen på markedet, ville hæmme konkurrencen.
New informal undertakings and modifications tothe undertakings given in March 1995 were secured from BSkyB to remedy concerns that barriers to marketentry were impairing the competitive process.
De afgivne tilsagn vedrører VideoCrypt-service, udbuddet af kanaler, tilbud af kanaler til favorable tariffer, adskilte og reviderede regnskaber og omstrukturering af tarifferne.
These undertakings relate to VideoCrypt services, carriagerequirements, positioning of bonus channels, separated and audited accounts and restructuring of the ratecard.
Den 16. december meddelte generaldirektøren, at han kunne godkende de reviderede tariffer, og den 19. december offentliggjorde han en rapport om undersøgelsen.
On 16 December the Director General announced his approval of a revised rate card, and on 19December he published his report of the review.
Den første aftale, der vedrører PL's regler, afskærer rent faktisk hver klub, der er medlem, fra at sælge deres tvrettigheder til tv-selskaber uden PL's samtykke.
The first, involving the PL's rules, effectivelyprevents each member club from selling their television rights to broadcasters without the consent of the PL.
Dette betyder, at PL kollektivt kan forhandle salget af alle klubbernes tv-rettigheder.
This enables the PL to negotiate the sale of all of the clubs' television rights collectively.
Den britiske konkurrencemyndighed finder, at en sådan praksis udgør en alvorlig konkurrencebegrænsning, idet den forhindrer klubmedlemmer i at sælge deres tvrettigheder individuelt og således konkurrere indbyrdes ved salget af disse rettigheder.
The Officeof Fair Trading regards this as significantly anticompetitive since it prevents member clubs from sellingtheir broadcasting rights individually and competing with each other in the supply of those rights.
Denne monopolstilling betyder, at tv-selskaberne kan afkræves høje priser, der overvæltes på forbrugerne.
Any highrates extracted from broadcasters by this monopolistic situation can be passed on to consumers.
I henhold til den anden aftale sælger PL enerettighederne til direkte transmission af PL's kampe til BSkyB og enerettighederne til forskudt udsendelse af højdepunkterne i PL's kampe til BBC for en periode af fem år, dvs. til og med udgangen af sæsonen 1996/97.
Under the second agreement, the PL sold exclusive rights to broadcast live television PL matches to BSkyB and exclusive rights to broadcast recorded PL match highlights to the BBC for five years up to andincluding the end of the 1996/97 season.
PL har også accepteret at give BSkyB og BBC transmissionsrettighederne for en ny periode, hvis en af dem matcher tilbuddene fra andre tv-selskaber.
The PL also agreed to award BSkyB and the BBC the rights foranother term if either matched any other broadcaster's bid.
På et indledende retsmøde, der blev afholdt den 24. oktober, traf domstolen bestemmelse om, at proceduren skulle begrænses til de restriktioner, som konkurrencemyndigheden fandt havde indgribende karakter, dvs. dem, hvorefter klubbernes tvrettigheder skulle sælges kollektivt.
In a preliminary hearing on 24 October, the Court made an order to limit the scope of the proceedings to those restrictions which the Office of Fair Trading regards as significant, in effect those which dictate the collective sale of clubs' TV rights.
Domstolen afviste også en påstand fra BBC vedrørende et retsspørgsmål.
The Courtalso dismissed an application from the BBC concerning a point of law.
BBC ønskede nemlig under et indledende retsmøde at få fastlagt, om retten til at få adgang til klubbernes område og udsende kampene på tv kunne sidestilles med levering af en tjenesteydelse i lovens forstand.
The BBC wished to determine ina preliminary hearing whether the grant of rights to enter land and televise matches involves the supply ofa service for the purposes of the Act.
Parterne skal over for domstolen redegøre for deres standpunkter den 24. januar 1997.
The parties are due to provide their statements of case to the Courton 24 January 1997.
Selve sagen forventes at komme for domstolen hen imod udgangen af 1997.
The case itself is expected to reach the Court towards the end of 1997.
På foranledning af en undersøgelse foretaget af konkurrencemyndigheden anmodede indenrigsministeriet generaldirektøren for Fair Trading om at forhandle en række forpligtelser med British Telecommunications plc med henblik på indførelse af et loft over annoncepriserne i fagtelefonbogen.
Following an investigation by the Monopolies and Mergers Commission, the Director General of Fair Trading was asked by the Secretary of State to negotiate undertakings with British Telecommunications picwhich would introduce a price cap on advertising rates in Yellow Pages.
BT accepterede i juli at begrænse selskabets egne prisstigninger til stigningen i detailprisindekset - 2 procentpoint.
BT agreed in July to a price capof RPI - 2, that is, the rise in the retail price index less two percentage points.
Generaldirektøren skal tage situationen op til vurdering om ca. tre år.
The Director General shallreview the position in three years time.
Embedsmænd fra konkurrencemyndigheden og fra handels- og industriministeriet arbejder snævert sammen med Kommissionens Generaldirektorat for Konkurrence med henblik på at forhandle ændringer til aftaler om softwarelicenser med tredjeparter, der indgås med markedets førende virksomheder, nemlig Sega, Nintendo og Sony.
The officials of the Office of Fair Trading and those of the Department of Trade and Industry are liaisingclosely with the Directorate-General for Competition of the Commission to negotiate amendments to thirdparty software licensing arrangements with the market leaders, Sega, Nintendo and Sony.
Ovennævnte organer afventer udfaldet af disse forhandlinger, før de i givet fald tager stilling til, hvilke foranstaltninger de engelske konkurrencemyndigheder skal træffe som respons på den af MMC udarbejdede rapport om videospil (udkom i marts 1995).
Those bodies areawaiting the outcome of these negotiations before deciding what, if any, further action the UK competitionauthorities should take following the MMC report into video games of March 1995.
Den 19. juni anlagde generaldirektøren for Fair Trading sag ved konkurrencedomstolen mod en række aftaler, der var indgået mellem fem postforsendelsesfirmaer og ejerne af TNT Magazine.
On 19 June, the Director General of Fair Trading issued proceedings in the Restrictive Practices Courtagainst agreements between five baggage-handling freight forwarding companies and the owners of TNTMagazine.
Aftalerne indeholdt bestemmelse om hemmelig prisfastsættelse og markedsdeling og begrænsninger med hensyn til, hvorledes reklamer kunne leveres.
The agreements involved secret price fixing and market sharing, and restrictions on the way inwhich advertising was supplied and obtained.
Generaldirektøren var af den opfattelse, at kartellerne reelt afskar forbrugerne for et valg og i høj grad vanskeliggjorde konkurrenternes mulighed for at komme ind på markedet eller forøge deres markedsandele.
The Director General took the view that the cartels effectivelycut out consumer choice and severely hampered competitors from entering the market or increasing theirmarket shares.
Den 2. december erklærede domstolen aftalerne for ugyldige og nedlagde forbud over for en af parterne; de resterende parter afgav en række forpligtelser over for domstolen.
On 2 December the Court struck down the agreements and made orders against one of theparties; the remaining parties have given undertakings to the Court.
Den 10. december vandt generaldirektøren for Fair Trading en sag mod British Sugar plc og Tate & Lyle Industries Ltd. Domstolen fastslog, at en imellem parterne indgået aftale om prisen på sukker til detailsalg var i strid med almenvellet. Begge selskaber afgav forpligtelser over for domstolen for at undgå en domfældelse. Tate & Lyle fremsatte en begæring om, at enhver kendelse, der blev afsagt mod selskabet, blev begrænset til dets produktion og levering af sukker, men denne begæring blev afvist. 8. Fusionskontrol
On 10 December, the Director General of Fair Trading successfully concluded proceedings against British Sugar pic and Tate & Lyle Industries Ltd. The Court declared the arrangement between the parties whichinvolved the price of sugar to be sold to retailers, to be against the public interest. Both companies gaveundertakings to the Court in lieu of court orders. An application by Tate & Lyle to have any order againstit limited to its sugar production and supply business was rejected by the Court. & Merger control The proposed GEHE/Lloyds Chemists pic merger fell to be considered under the EC Merger Regulation.On 22 March 1996, the EC Commission agreed to a request by the UK Government to refer back the casefor consideration by the UK competition authorities.
Ian Lang, handels- og industriministeren, henviste sagen til Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC), hvis rapport var den første, der blev afsluttet i en sag, der har været henvist til i henhold til fusionsbestemmelserne. MMC fandt, at både dette tilbud og et konkurrerende tilbud fra Unichem ville
Ian Lang, the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry,referred the case to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC) and their report was the first to becompleted on a case repatriated under these provisions.
Den mest interessante afgørelse set ud fra et EF-synspunkt - og i øvrigt den eneste, der omtales her -er den, der blev afsagt af Bruxelles' handelsret, og hvori det statueres, at luftfartsselskabet Sabena havde indgået en aftale, der var forbudt i henhold til artikel 85, stk. 1.
The most important decision from a Community point of view, and the only one described here, is that bythe Brussels Commercial Court establishing that the Belgian airline Sabena had concluded an agreementprohibited under Article 85(1).
Der var tale om en aftale indgået mellem Sabena og to belgiske foretagender til fremme af turismen, og denne aftale bevirkede, at et andet luftfartsselskab, Eurobelgian Airlines, nægtedes adgang til den belgiske pavillon ved den internationale turistmesse i Milano i 1996.
As a result of the agreement - which was with two Belgian tourismpromotion bodies - another airline, Eurobelgian Airlines, was denied access to the Belgian pavilion at the1996 Milan International Tourism Fair.
Handelsretten fandt også, at de pågældende foretagender havde misbrugt deres dominerende stilling, jf. artikel 86, på markedet for officiel repræsentation af belgisk turisme på internationale messer til fremme af turismen, som f.eks. messen i Milano.
The Court held that the bodies in question had abused theirdominant position within the meaning of Article 86 on the market for the official representation of Belgiantourism at international tourism promotion fairs such as that in Milan.
Den tyske konkurrencemyndighed har givet meddelelse om 16 domme i sager vedrørende følgende områder: a) kurerforsendelse - "remailing" (4 tilfælde) b) levering af teletjenester (3 tilfælde) c) selektiv distribution af biler og kosmetiske produkter (4 tilfælde) d) flys adgang til en beskadiget lufthavn (1 tilfælde) e) forholdet mellem intellektuelle ejendomsrettigheder og konkurrencereglerne (1 tilfælde) f) anvendelse af artikel 85 på aftaler indgået med tredjeparter med henblik på gennemførelse af restriktiv praksis (1 tilfælde) ad a)
The 16 judgments communicated by the Federal Cartel Office concern cases in various fields, including:(a) remailing (four cases)(b) the provision of telecommunications services (three cases)(c) the selective distribution of motor vehicles and cosmetics (four cases)(d) access by aircraft to a damaged airport (one case)(e) the relationship between intellectual property rights and the competition rules (one case)(f) the application of Article 85 to agreements concluded with third parties with a view to implementinga cartel agreement (one case)
Ifølge flere apelledomstoles retspraksis (Düsseldorf, dommene af 23.4.1996, sag U (Kart) 18/94 og 31/94; Frankfurt, dom af 25.6.1996, sag 11 U (Kart) 6/96) kan postvæsenet kræve, at visse former for "remailing" bringes til ophør under påberåbelse af sit monopol (§ 2 i Postgesetz) samt under henvisning til loven om illoyal konkurrence (§ 1 i UWG).
£a)According to the case-law of several higher regional courts of appeal (Dusseldorf, judgments of23 April 1996 Cases U (Kart) 18/94 and 31/94; Frankfurt, judgment of 25 June 1996, Case 11 U (Kart)6/96), the Post Office may require the cessation of certain forms of remailing on the grounds of itsmonopoly (§2 Postgesetz) and the law on unfair competition (§1 UWG).
EF-traktatens artikel 59, 86 og 90 er ikke til hinder for et sådant indgreb.
Articles 59, 86 and 90 of the EC Treaty do not preclude such action.
Wiesbadens Landgericht (dom af 25.4.1996, sag 13047/96) har dog afvist en anmodning om nedlæggelse af pålæg i en lignende sag, fordi den pågældende virksomhed,
The Wiesbaden Regional Court (judgment of 25 April 1996,Case 13047/96) nevertheless dismissed an application for an injunction in one case because the firm inquestion, which was responsible for distributing letters from a local government department, providedservices over and above the carriage of mail (address searches, acknowledgements of receipt).
Hannovers førsteinstansret (dom af 12.12.1996, sag 21 O (Kart) 158/96), har i henhold til den nationale lov om illoyal konkurrence (§ 1 i UWG) og i henhold til konkurrenceloven (§ 26 i GWB), og EF-traktatens artikel 86 forbudt virksomheden Deutsche Telekom AG at tilbyde gratis "teleoplysninger" 1188 som led i 'T-Online" (videotekstservice).
337 distributor of those products where he engages in mail order trading against the distributor's wishes.
Men det påhviler dog leverandøren at bevise, at forhandleren har udført postordresalg.
It isfor the distributor, however, to prove that the retailer has carried on such an activity.
Bundesgerichtshof har for sit vedkommende konkluderet, at det forhold, at en bilproducent pålægger sin bilforhandler pligt til ikke at videresælge biler til uafhængige leasingselskaber, der handler med kunder uden for det tildelte område, er i strid med den tyske konkurrencelov (§ 26 i GWB) og med EF-traktatens artikel 85. Denne dom (af 2.7.1996, sag KZR 20/91) ligger på linje med EF-Domstolens dom i BMW-sagen af 24. oktober 1995, sag C-70/93, Bayerische Motorenwerke, Sml. s. 1-3439).
The Federal Courtof Justice held that the obligation imposed by a motor vehicle manufacturer on a dealer not to resell carsto independent leasing companies which deal with customers outside the allotted territory was incompatiblewith the law prohibiting restraints of competition (§26 GWB) and with Article 85 of the EC Treaty.
Münchens førsteinstansret (dom af 24.1.1996, sag 7 HKO 11818/95) nåede til den konklusion, at en forhandler, der sælger biler, ikke skader bilfabrikantens omdømme, fordi han udlejer en del af det område, hvor hans værksted er etableret, til en stor tæppeforretning.
The Munich Regional Court (judgment of 24 January 1996, Case 7 HKO 11818/95) held that a car dealer does notdamage the manufacturer's reputation where he leases part of the premises in which his workshop is situatedto a carpet store.
Et sådant forhold berettiger ikke til at opsige kontrakten.
Such an act does not therefore justify terminating the contract.
Den fortsætter med at binde parterne, selv om forordning (EØF) nr. 123/85 er blevet erstattet med forordning (EF) nr. 1475/94.
The latter continues tobind the parties despite the replacement of Regulation (EEC) No 123/85 by Regulation (EC) No 1475/94.
ad_d) I henhold til en dom afsagt af Düsseldorfs førsteinstansret (dom af 3.5.1996, de forenede sager 38 O (Kart) 53/96, 55/96 og 62/96), er den omstændighed, at Düsseldorfs beskadigede lufthavn kun blev genåbnet for jetfly, og at propelfly således måtte lande på den nærliggende regionale lufthavn, ikke i strid med hverken den tyske konkurrencelov (§ 26 i GWB) eller med EF-traktatens artikel 86.
(d)According to an order of the Diisseldorf Regional Court (of 3 May 1996 in Joined Cases 38 O (Kart) 53/96,55/96 and 62/96), the fact of having reopened Diisseldorf s damaged airport only to jet aircraft with theresult that propeller-driven aircraft had to land at a neighbouring regional airport was incompatible neitherwith the law prohibiting restraints of competition (§26 GWB) nor with Article 86 of the EC Treaty.
ad e) Düsseldorf Landgericht (dom af 23.12.1996, sag U (Kart) 5/96) har fastslået, at en leverandør af reservedele til biler kan anlægge sag mod en udenlandsk konkurrent, som krænker hans designret, endog selv om han misbruger sin dominerende stilling i henhold til artikel 86.
(e)The Diisseldorf Higher Regional Court (judgment of 23 December 1996, Case U (Kart) 5/96) held that thesupplier of spare parts for motor cars could bring an action for infringement against a foreign competitorwho violated its design right without abusing its dominant position within the meaning of Article 86.
adf) Frankfurts Landgericht (dom af 30.7.1996, sag 11 (U) Kart 63/95) fandt det ikke nødvendigt at tage stilling til spørgsmålet om, hvorvidt det tyske system for indsamling og genbrug af emballage var forenelig med den tyske konkurrencelov (§ 1 i GWB) og med EF-traktatens artikel 85, da den kontrakt
(f)The Frankfurt Higher Regional Court (judgment of 30 July 1996, Case 11 (U) Kart 63/95) did not deemit necessary to settle the question whether the German system for the collection and recycling of packagingmaterial ("Duales System") was compatible with the law prohibiting restraints of competition (§1 GWB)and Article 85 of the EC Treaty because the contract for the provision of services giving rise to the disputewas, as an agreement with a third party for implementing the alleged restricted practice, covered by neitherof the above-mentioned provisions.
Hvad angår de nationale domstolens anvendelse af EF-traktatens artikel 85, 86 og 90, synes der ikke i 1996 at have været afsagt nogen dom på basis af disse artikler.
With regard to the application by Italian courts of Articles 85, 86 and 90 of the Treaty, no judgmentbased on those articles seems to have been delivered in 1996.
Men i en dom af 23. februar 1996 henviste den regionale forvaltningsdomstol Ligurie til principperne i artikel 85 og 86 i forbindelse med en afgørelse, der fastslog, at der kun var tale om en tilladelse og ikke om en koncession, når havnemyndighederne på grundlag af artikel 111 i navigationsloven gav tilladelse til, at virksomheder kan organisere havnevirksomhed for tredjemands regning, da sådan virksomhed sker som led i fri erhvervsudøvelse, selv om den pågældende virksomhed var forpligtet til at opfylde de i loven fastsatte betingelser.
However, in a judgment of 23 February the Liguria Regional Administrative Court recalled theprinciples set out in Articles 85 and 86 in a decision in which it described as a mere authorization, and nota concession, the act whereby the port authorities, basing themselves on Article 111 of the Navigation Code,authorized the organization by firms of port operations on behalf of third parties, such operations beingcarried out in a spirit of free enterprise despite the fact that the firm carrying them out was required tosatisfy certain statutory requirements.