natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Desuden blev de fire fortolkningsmeddelelser, som Kommissionen udsendte i slutningen af 1994, fulgt første gang i 19958'. De drejer sig om sondringen mellem joint ventures oprettet i henholdsvis fusions­ og samarbejdsøjemed, fusionsbegrebet, begrebet deltagende virksomheder og beregning af omsætningen.
In addition, fourinterpretative notices which werc published at the end of 1994 were applied for the first time in1995.8r They concem the distinction between concentrative and cooperative joint venfures,the notionof a concentration,the notion of undertakings concerned and the calculation of tumover.
Disse ændringer i administrationen af fusionsforordningen var et resultat af den undersøgelse af, hvorvidt forordningen burde revideres, som Kommissionen havde foretaget i 1993.1 1995 påbegyndte Kommissionen en ny gennemgang.
These changes in the operation of the Merger Regulation were adopted by the Commission as a rcsultof its 1993 review exercise.A new review exercise was launched during the year.
Den iværksatte en bred høring om, hvorvidt man burde sænke omsætningstærsklerne i forordningen, samt om en række andre aspekter i forordningen, der måske burde ændres. Høringen omfattede bl.a. medlemsstaterne, andre EU­institutioner, virksomheder, brancheorganisationer og advokater.
The Commissioncarried out a wide-ranging consultation exercise on the issue of lowering the thresholds contained inthe Merger Regulation as well as on other aspects of the Regulation which might need to be revised.Among those consulted were the Member States, other Commirnity institutions, individual businesses,hade associations and legal advisers.
I begyndelsen af 199682 udsendte Kommissionen en grønbog om fusionsforordningen som et oplæg til høring af den bredere offentlighed herom.
A Green Paper on the operation ofthe Merger Regulation waspublished early iq 1996t2 with a view to full public consultations on the issues involved.
Lovgivningsforslag ventes fremlagt senere på året.
Legislativeproposals are likely to be made later in the year.
Β ­ Tilbundsgående undersøgelser
B - Indepth investigations
Derer foretaget tilbundsgående undersøgelser (fase 2) i syv fusionssager. I to af disse sager, der begge drejede sig om mediesektoren, blev der nedlagt forbud, nemlig i sagen om Nordic Satellite Distribution (NSD) i Norden og i sagen om Holland Media Group (HMG) (RTL/Veronica/Endemol)i Nederlandene.
A total of 7 indepth (phase-two) investigations were completed under the Merger Regulation.As a resul! 2 operations were prohibited which were both in the media sector - the Nordic Satellite Distribution (NSD) joint venture in the Nordic area and the RTl/Veronica/Endemol (Holland Media Groep - HMG) tansaction in the Netherlands.
De andre fem fusioner blev alle godkendt, to af dem blev godkendt uden betingelser, medens der i de resterende tre blev stillet en række betingelser for at imødegå de konkurrenceproblemer, Kommissionen havde påvist under sine undersøgelser.
The remaining 5 operations were all cleare4 2unconditionally and 3 with conditions which removed the competition problems identified by the Commission during its investigation.
Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 4064/89 af 21. december 1989 om kontrol med fusioner og virksomhedsovertagelser (EFT L395 af 30.12.1989, s. 1).
Council Regulation (EEC) No 4O64lE9 ot 2l D€cember 1989 on the control of concentrations between undertakings(oJL 395,30.12.1989p.,l).
Kommissionens forordning (EF) nr. 3384/94 af 21. december 1994 om anmeldelser, frister og udtalelser i henhold til Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 4064/89 om kontrol med fusioner og virksomhedsovertagelser (EFT L 377 af 31.12.1994). 24. beretning om konkurrencepolitikken (1994), nr. 234­235.
1994 on thc notifications, time limits and hearings provided for in Counsil Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 on the confol of soncentrations between undertakings (OJ L 377,31.12.1994); XXIVth Report on Competition Policy (t94), points234-235). 234-235).
Kommissionen har modtaget et stigende antal fusionsanmeldelser i mediesektoren, hvilket afspejler den udvikling, der er undervejs i ejerstrukturerne, og de tættere relationer, der i dag er blevet skabt mellem tidligere helt adskilte teknologier inden for telekommunikation og medier.
The Commission has received an increasing number of notifications in the media sectorwhich rcflect the changing pattems of ownership and the convergence of previously separatetechnologies, e.g. telecommunications and media.
De fleste af disse sager rejste ingen konkurrenceproblemer og blev godkendt efter fase 1.
The majority of these cases have presented nocompetition problems and have been approved after a first-phaseenquiry. enquiry.
De beslutninger, der blev truffet i sagerne om NSD og HMG viser, hvor stor betydning Kommissionen tillægger fusioner i denne sektor.
The decisions in the NSD and HMG cases indicate the importance which the Commission attaches tocases in this sector.
Der var tale om fusioner med betydelige horisontale og vertikale virkninger og med etablering af nye virksomheder, der kunne blokere for adgangen til jord-, satelliteller kabelbaserede tv-net i fremtiden.
These transactions involved significant horizontal and vertical effects, with newcompa.nies being created which would reshict access to TV networks - terrestrial, satellite or cable -in the future.
I 1994 havde Kommissionen nedlagt forbud mod, at Bertelsmann, Kirch og Deutsche Telekom gik sammen i et joint venture - MSG Media Service - inden for betalings-tv i Tyskland.
In 1994 the Commission had prohibited the MSG Media Service joint venture, whichhad been proposed by Bertelsmanq Kirch and Deutsche Telekom with a view to providing servicesfor pay-TV in Gennany.
I sagen angående NSD opfordrede Kommissionen parterne til at fremlægge nye planer, der kunne godkendes som værende forenelige med fællesmarkedet.
In its prohibition of the NSD operation, the Commission invited the partiesto present new proposals which could be considered compatible with the common market.
Kommissionen har dermed tydeligt givet udtryk for, at den stiller sig positivt over for, at der etableres nye virksomheder i denne sektor, men ikke hvis de skaber eller styrker en dominerende stilling.
Thisemphasizes the Commission'swillingrress to see new companies being set up in this sector, providedthat they do not create or shengthena dominant position.
NSD skulle have til formål at transmittere satellit-tv-programmer til kabel-tv-operatører og direkte modtagende husstande med parabolantenne.
NSD was designed to transmit satellite TV programmes to cable TV operators and householdsreceiving satellite TV via their own dish.
Kommissionen fastslog imidlertid, at etableringen af dette joint venture i den form, hvorunder det blev anmeldt, ville føre til en koncentration af moderselskabernes aktiviteter og resultere i en stærk vertikal integration omfattende lige fra produktion af tv-programmer til distribution af betalings-tv-kanaler.
Howwer, the Commission concluded that the establishment ofNSD in its proposed form would have led to a concentration ofthe activities ofits parents, creatinga vertically integrated operation extending from production ofTV programmes to retail distributionservices for pay-TV channels.
NSD's moderselskaber var medievirksomheder, der stod meget stærkt på markedet i Norden. Norsk Telekom A/S, som er den største kabeloperatør i Norge, er også distributør af betalings-tv i Norge og kontrollerer satellitkapacitet til nordiske seere.
NSD's parents ar€ strong media players in the Nordic area.
TeleDanmark A/S (TD) er den dominerende kabeloperatør i Danmark.
Te leD an mar k A/S (TD) is the dominant cable TV operator in Denmark.In addition, TD, with Kinnevik, controls most of the remaining satellite capacity suitable for Nordicviewers.
Desuden kontrollerer TD sammen med Kinnevik størstedelen af den resterende satellitkapacitet til transmission til nordiske seere.
Kinnevik, a Swedish conglomerate,is the most important provider of Nordic satellite TVprogrammes and a major pay-Tv distributor in the Nordic countries and has an important stake incable and advertising-financedTV in Sweden.
Det svenske konglomerat Kinnevik er den største udbyder af satellit-tv-programmer i Norden, hører til blandt de førende betalings-tv-distributører i de nordiske lande og har desuden betydelige interesser inden for kabel-tv og reklamefinansieret tv i Sverige.
The Commission found that NSD would have resulted in the creation or strengthening of a dominantposition on three markets:
Kommissionen fandt, at etableringen af NSD ville have ført til skabelse eller styrkelse af en dominerende stilling på tre markeder: markedet for udbydning af transponderkapacitet til transmission af satellit-tv til de nordiske lande (Danmark, Norge, Sverige og Finland) det danske marked for drift af kabel-tv-net markedet for distribution af satellittransmitteret betalings-tv og andre krypterede tv-signaler til direkte modtagende husstande.
- - the provision of satellite TV tansponder capacity to the Nordic region (Denmark, Norway,Sweden, and Finland);the Danish market for operation of cable TV networks;the market for distribution of satellite pay-TV and other encryptedTV channels to direct-to-homehouseholds.
Netop den vertikalt integrerede karakter af dette joint venture ville have sat parterne i stand til at afskære konkurrenter fra adgang til det nordiske marked for satellit-tv og til at bestemme, hvem der skulle have lov til at sende satellit-tv i Norden. Eftersom de berørte markeder for øjeblikket er inde i en overgangsfase, fandt Kommissionen det nødvendigt at skride ind for at sikre, at andre kunne få adgang til disse fremtidige markeder.
The vertically integrated nature of the operation would have meant that the parties would have beenable to foreclose the Nordic satellite TV market to competitors and obtain a "gatekeeper"function forthe Nordic market for satellite TV broadcasting.As the affected markets are currently in a transitionalphase the Commission aotedto ensur€ that these future markets would not be foreclosed.
Kommissionen behandlede RTL/Veronica/Endemol-sagen efter en anmodning fra den nederlandske regering fremsat i henhold til fusionsforordningens artikel 22.
The Commission began an examination of the RTUVeronicdEndemol case following arequest from the Dutch Govemment under Article 22 of the Merger Regulation.
Bestemmelserne i denne artikel giver en medlemsstat mulighed for at henvise en sag til Kommissionen, selv om den ikke har fællesskabsdimension, når den kan påvirke samhandelen mellem medlemsstater.
This Article allowsa Member State to refer a case to the Commission even if it does not have a Community dimension,provided there is an effect on trade between Member States.
Selv om Kommissionen fandt, at det relevante geografiske marked var Nederlandene, konkluderede den, at fusionen ville påvirke samhandelen mellem medlemsstater, fordi den ville påvirke de vilkår, nytilkomne konkurrenter ville blive underlagt på det nederlandske tv-marked, og få indvirkning på indkøb af fremmedsprogede programmer, og fordi selve joint venture-selskabet skulle baseres i Luxembourg, hvor to af dets kanaler skulle sendes på luxembourgsk sendetilladelse.
Although the Commission took the viewthat the relevant geographic market was the Netherlands, it concluded that the concentration affectedhade between Member States because it would influence conditions for new entants on the Dutch TVbroadcasting marka and would have an impact on the acquisition of foreign-language programmes and because the joint venture itself is based in Luxembourg, where two of its channels are "licensed" bythe Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
Sagsbehandlingen foregik efter de normalt gældende procedurer, bortset fra at de normale regler for at beordre fusionen stillet i bero ikke fandt anvendelse.
The examination followed the normal procedure except that the usual suspension provisions did not apply.
I denne sag kunne parterne derfor gennemføre fusionen, selv om Kommissionen i sidste instans drog den konklusion, at det nye joint venture ville føre til, at parterne kom til at indtage en dominerende stilling.
Therefore, in this case, the parties were able to completethe operation despite the Commission's decision that the joint venture would result in a dominantposition for the parties.
Sagen drejede sig om etablering af et joint venture, Holland Media Groep (HMG) mellem RTL, Veronica og Endemol.
The case concemed a joint ventuie, Holland Media Groep (HMC), between RTL, Veronica and Endemol.
RTL overførte sine tv-aktiviteter i Nederlandene til HMG, herunder navnlig de to kommercielle tv-kanaler, RTL4 og RTL5.
RTL fransferredits bnradcastingactivities in the Netherlands to HMG, in particular the twocommercial TV channels RTL4 and RTL5.
En tredje kommerciel kanal blev indført via Veronica, som trådte ud af det offentlige radio- og tv-system i Nederlandene og gå med i det nye joint venture.
A third commercial channel was infoduced through Veronica, which left the public broadcastingsystem in the Netherlands to participate in the jointventure.
Den tredje part, Endemol, er den største uafhængige producent af tv-programmer i Nederlandene.
The other main parent, Endemol, is the largest independent producer ofTV programmes inthe Netherlands.
Efter sine undersøgelser i sagen nåede Kommissionen frem til den konklusion, at det nye selskab ville komme til at sidde på mindst 40% af markedet for frit tilgængeligt tv i Nederlandene og på over 60% af markedet for tv-reklamer. Desuden ville Endemol få styrket sin position som den største uafhængige tv-producent i Nederlandene gennem deltagelsen i HMG.
Following its investigation, the Commission concluded that the new company would have at I east 40Yoofthe market for free access TV broadcastingin the Netherlands and over 600lo ofthe TV advertising.In addition, Endemol'sposition as the largest independent TV producer in the Netherlands would bestengthened by its participation in HMG.
I sin beslutning nedlagde Kommissionen derfor forbud mod denne fusion og opfordrede parterne til senest inden for tre måneder at fremlægge forslag til, hvordan den effektive konkurrence på det nederlandske marked for tv-reklamer og tvproduktioner kunne genoprettes.
The Commission adopted a prohibition decision and invitedthe parties to propose measurcs to restore effective competition on the Dutch TV advertising andproduction markets within three months.
Kommissionens beslutning er blevet indbragt for Førsteinstansretten.
The Commission's decision has been challenged before the Court of First Instance.
Tilbundsgående undersøgelser i andre sager
Other indepth investigations
Alle de andre fusioner, der blev undersøgt til bunds, blev i sidste instans erklæret forenelige med fællesmarkedet.
The remaining operations in which in depth investigations were opened were all ultimatelydeclared compatible with the common market.
Både Siemens/llaltel, hvor der var tale om et joint venture inden for teleudstyrsindustrien i Italien, og Mercedes Benz/Kässbohrer, der drejede sig om Mercedes' overtagelse af den anden tyske bus- og rutebilfabrikant, blev godkendt uden betingelser. I begge sager fremsatte parterne dog en række udtalelser angående deres fremtidige adfærd, som blev medtaget i beslutningen.
Siemens/Italtel, a joint venture in thetelecommunications equipment industry in ltaly, and Mercedes Benz/Kässbohrer, the acquisition by Mercedes of one of the other German bus and coach manufacturers, wene both cleared unconditionally.In each case, however, the parties made certain statementswhich were included in the decisionconcerning their future business conduct.
De indgik dog ikke som nogen integrerende del af Kommissionens konkurrencemæssige vurdering, men blev afgivet af parterne.
However, these statements werc not an integral part of the Commission's competition analysis but were offered by the parties.
F.eks. afgav Italtels moderselskab, STET, tilsagn om ikke at blande sig i Telecom Italias indkøbspolitik til fordel for det nye joint venture, og Mercedes lovede at levere motorer til konkurrencedygtige priser til udenforstående fabrikanter, som ikke selv var i stand til at fremstille motorer.
For example, STET, the parentcompany ofltaltel, undertook not to influence the purchasing policy ofTelecom Italia in favour ofthejoint venture; and Mercedes announced that it would supply engines at competitive prices to thirdparty manufacturers who lackedtheir own engine production capability.
samlede omsætning i EU (inden for transmissionsudstyr var markedsandelene lavere). Vertikalt ville det delvis være ejet af sin største kunde.
30% of overall EU sales (combined shares in transmission equipment were lower).
Kommissionen godkendte dog det anmeldte joint venture under hensyn til: at ny teknologi må antages at føre til gennemgribende ændringer på telemarkederne, at standardisering og direktiverne om offentlige indkøb vil virke i retning af mere åbne nationale markeder, og at den videre liberalisering i telesektoren og specielt inden for teleinfrastrukturer, vil resultere i, at markederne for teleudstyr i stigende grad vil være verdensmarkeder.
In concluding that the proposed joint venture was compatible with the common market, the Commission took into account :
Der blev identificeret tre markeder, nemlig bybusser, hvor parterne tilsammen havde 44% af markedet, turistbusser, hvor de havde 54%, og rutebiler, hvor de havde 74%.
137. ln the MercedesBeru/Kcßsbohrer case, although the bus market throughout Europe wouldbe affected, the Commission considered that the German bus market in particular required in-depthinvestigation.
Men da de tilsammen kun havde en markedsandel på 57% på det samlede busmarked i Tyskland, drog Kommissionen dog den konklusion, at tilstedeværelsen af to andre konkurrenter såvel som eventuelle nytilkomne konkurrenter fra andre lande ville kunne begrænse Mercedes' handlefrihed på det tyske marked i tilstrækkeligt omfang.
Three markets were identified with the parties combined share reaching 44% n citybuses, 54% in tourist coaches and 74o/oin intercity buses.With a share of 57o/oöf the entire busmarket in Gemrany, however, the Commission concluded that there would be adequate constraints on Mercedes ' freedom of action on the German market because there were two German competitors, aswell as potential entrants from elsewherein Europe.
Ifølge kunderne kunne sådanne nytilkomne konkurrenter ventes at give tyske busselskaber større valgmuligheder. Endelig tog Kommissionen også hensyn til, at størstedelen af indkøbene af bybusser og rutebiler nu skal foregå efter EU-udbud i henhold til direktiverne om offentlige indkøb, hvilket vil resultere i et større marked omfattende hele EU.
According to customers these potential entrantscould be expected to provide additional leverageto German bus operators.Lastly the Commissionfound that public procurementdircctives, which make Community-wide tenderingcompulsory for themain part of the market for city and intercity buses,were also leading to the development of a wider European market.
I de øvrige sager gjorde Kommissionen sin godkendelse af fusionen betinget af en række tilsagn fra parterne under sagsbehandlingen.
In the other cases, the Commission's clearance of the respective operations was conditionalon undertakings given by the parties in the course of the proceedings.
Den anmeldte fusion ville have ført til, at der i Tyskland kom til at opstå et dominerende duopol inden for lokaltrafiktog. Fusionen ville også have lagt hindringer i vejen for udenlandske udbyderes adgang til markedet ved at eliminere uafhængige tyske leverandører af elkomponenter.
The proposed operation wouldhave led to the creation of a dominant duopoly in the German market for local tains, Theconcentration would also have impeded market entry by foreign suppliers by eliminating independent
På de andre relevante markeder blev der ikke påvist nogen konkurrenceproblemer.
German suppliers of elecüical components.No competitive issues were identified in relation to otherrelevant product markets.
For at imødekomme Kommissionens indsigelser gik parterne med til at afhænde Kiepe Elektrik GmbH (et datterselskab af Daimler-Benz). Kiepe Elektrik GmbH har specialiseret sig i elektriske komponenter til lokaltrafiktog.
In order to alleviate the Commission's concems, the parties agreed to the sale of Kiepe Elektrik Gmbll,a Daimler-Benz subsidiary specializing in electrical supplies for local trains.
Efter denne afhændelse vil der fortsat bestå en kompetent fabrikant af elektrokomponenter, som er uafhængig af parterne, og som vil kunne samarbejde med udbydere af mekanikdelen til lokaltrafiktog.
As a result of thisdivestiture, a comp€tentproducrr of electrical componeritsthat was independent of the parties wouldrcmain on the German market and would be able to supply or cooperate with suppliers of themechanical components of local tains.
Kiepe er en veletableret og succesrig udbyder, der via sit samarbejde med den canadiske udbyder, Bombardier, også har spillet en vigtig rolle med hensyn til at åbne op for det tyske marked.
Kiepe is an established and successfulsupplier and ptayed animportant role in opening up the German market through its cooperation with the Canadian firm Bombardier.
De tyske myndigheder havde anmodet om at få sagen henvist efter fusionsforordningens artikel 9.
The transaction was the subject of a request for referral by the German authorities under Article 9 ofthe Merger Regulation.
Selv om konkurrenceproblemerne var koncentreret om to produktmarkeder i Tyskland, havde den anmeldte fusion - der ville føre til etablering af verdens største udbyder af jernbanemateriel - imidlertid betydelige virkninger i hele Europa, og anmodningen blev derfor afvist.
Although the competition problems were concenfated on two product marketsin Germany, the proposed operation - which q€ated the largest supplier of railway equipment in theworld - had sigrificant effects throughout Europe. The request for referral was thus refused.
Uden denne afhændelse ville parterne være kommet til at sidde på 75% af det norske ølmarked, og hverken detailhandelen eller hotel- og restaurationsbranchen blev skønnet at indtage en så stærk position som aftagere, at de kunne anfægte partemes handlefrihed på markedet.
140. ln OrHa/Volvo, the acquisition was approved subject to the divestiture of Orkla's brewingcompany Hansa.The parties would otherwise have had a 75% share of the Norwegian beer market
Inden for EØS fremstiller og sælger begge parter aerosoldåser af hvidblik og konservesdåser såvel som visse lukkeanordninger til dåser og flasker til drikkevarer, herunder topstykker og kapsler til dåser og plast- og aluminiumkapsler til flasker.
In the European Economic Area @EA), both parties produce and sell tinplate aerosolcans and food cans, as well as certain closures for beverage cans and bottles, including beveragecan can ends,metal crowns, and plastic and aluminium caps.
Kommissionen konkluderede, at Crowns tilsagn om at afhænde bestemte aktiviteter inden for aerosoldåser af blik ville være tilstrækkeligt til at løse konkurrenceproblemerne.
Consequently,the Commission concluded that Crown's commihnent to divest a specified group of tinplate aerosol can operations would be sufücient to overcome its competition concems.
Parterne gik med til at afhænde betydelige produktionsaktiviteter inden for aerosoldåser af hvidblik i fem forskellige medlemsstater, som tegnede sig for næsten 22% af markedet for aerosoldåser af hvidblik i EØS.
The parties agreed to divest substantial rnanufacturing activities for tinplate aerosol cans in fivedifferent Member States; these activities accountedfor almost 22Voof the EEA tinplate aerosol canmarket.
Uden denne afhændelse ville de to parter tilsammen have haft en markedsandel på over 60%, medens deres største konkurrent havde 15-20%, og parterne ville desuden have haft størsteparten af den overkapacitet, der findes på markedet.
Without the divestiture, the combined European market shares of the two parties would havebeen more than 60%o, with the next largest competitor having a l5Yo-20o/o market share and with themajor share of the excess capacity in this market being held by the parties.
C - Andre større sager
C - Other major caaes