natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Fachschule: Teknisk skole, der tilbyder videregående uddannelser inden for erhvervsuddannelsesområdet, f.eks. for teknikere, der ønsker at blive »stats­eksamineret ingeniør« eller håndværkere, der ønsker at blive »Meister« inden for deres fag.
Fachschule — Technical school providing advanced vocational training, e.g. for technicians who want to become 'State-examined engineer' or craftsmen who want to be 'Meister' in their trade.
Uddannelserne er normalt af 2 års varighed
Usually two-year programmes of study.
Gesamthochschule: Denne type videregående uddannelsesinstitution findes kun i 2 af de 11 delstater.
Gesamthochschule — The type of higher education institutions exists only in two of the 11 Länder.
Den kombinerer elementer fra universiteterne, Fachhochschulen og i nogle tilfælde fra kunst- og musikhøjskoler.
It combines functions of the universities, the Fachhochschulen and, in some cases, of colleges of art and music.
Dens studieprogrammer er af varierende længde og fører til erhvervelse af forskellige grader
Courses of study of varying duration are offered, and they lead to different degrees. Gesamtschule — Comprehensive school. Grundschule — Primary school.
Gymnasium: Skole med klassetrin 5-13, der tilbyder almen undervisning, og som efter afslutning med godt resultat giver adgang til de videregående uddannelser Hauptschule: Skole med klassetrin 59 og i visse tilfælde også med 10. klassetrin.
Gymnasium — Grammar school/secondary school, 5th to 13th forms providing general education and, after successful completion, giving access to university studies. Hauptschule — Secondary school, lower level (5th to 9th forms or, in some cases, 10th).
De fleste elever går herefter ud i erhvervslivet, men nogle fortsætter i Gymnasium nasium
Upon graduation, most pupils enter employment, but some continue at grammar schools. Jahrgangsstufe — Classes 11-13. Kindergarten — Kindergarten (voluntary).
Realschule: Almen undervisning på sekundærtrinnet for klassetrin 5-10.
Sonderschulen — Special schools for handicapped children. Tertiärer Bereich — Tertiary level.
Der er talrige videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner samt andre organisationer, der tilbyder sådanne uddannelser af en almen uddannel­sesmæssig eller erhvervsmæssig art
Weiterbildung — Further or continuing education of varying duration, e.g. for graduates who want to specialize in a certain subject or with a view to obtain a doctorate.
') Omkring 30% af alle elever følger Hauptschule i 10 år. 2) Orienteringstrinnet følges af omkring 73% af alle elever på 5. og 6.
There are numerous higher education institutions as well as other organizations offering further studies or training of a general education or vocational type.
) Differentieret system af 3-årige skoler, der fører til erhvervelsen af en erhvervsmæssig kvalifikation. • Skematisk gengivelse af de gængse strukturer for uddannelsessystemets opbygning i Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland.
Differentiated system of up to three-year schools which lead to a certificate of vocational qualification. Schematic representation of the typical structure of the education system in the Federal Republic of
Adgang og indskrivning Første informationer / Adgangsbetingelser / Adgangs­begrænsning / Anerkendelse af udenlandske akademi­ske grader og eksaminer / Adgangsprøver / Ansøgning og indskrivning / Gebyrer
Organization of tertiary education Education in the university sector / "Types of higher education institutions (AEIs) / Students at AEIs / Organization and validation of courses Education in the tertiary technical sector (TEI) / Types of TEIs / Students at TEIs / Organization and validation of courses
Oversigt over studieretninger ved universiteter (ΑΕΙ) / 3. Studenterstatistik / 4. Biblio­grafi / 5. Glossar / 6.
Survey of courses of study at higher education institutions / 3. Student statistics / 4.
Diagram over uddannelsessyste­met
Diagram of the education system
De højskoler (Ανώτατες Σχολές) som i mellemtiden har ændret navn til universiteter (Πανεπιστήμια) optræder i denne håndbog under deres oprindelige navne, da manuskriptet allerede var gået i trykken ved vedtagelsen af den relevante lov.
The Colleges (Ανώτατες Σχολές) which have been renamed as Universities (Πανεπιστή­μια) are referred to in this Handbook by their original names, since the manuscript had already been sent to press when the relevant law was passed.
De nye navne vil blive integreret i den 7. udgave af Studenterhåndbogen.
The new names will be adopted in the 7th edition of the Student Handbook.
Det videregående uddannelsessystems opbygning ret på samme niveau som AEI­instit­utionerne ifølge lov nr. 1351/1983). b) Landbrugsministeriet (Middelhavsinstituttet for Landbrugs­uddannelse i Chania, Det Internatio­nale Videregående Uddannelsescenter for Landbrugsstudier i Middelhavsre­gionen).
Organization of tertiary education the Ikaros school, the military academy for female medical of­ficers. All of these institutions have been placed on a equal footing with the ΑΕΙ institutions of higher education through Law 1351/ 1983).
c) Justitsministeriet (Officersskoler for det græske politi og officersskoler for brandvæsenet).
(b) Ministry of Agriculture (the Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture in Chania, the Inter­national Higher Education Centre for Studies on the Agriculture of
I Grækenland hører de videregående uddannelser under Undervisnings­ og Kirkeministeriets kompetenceområde, der omfatter det videregående uddan­nelsessystem inden for universitetssek­toren, der er kendt under betegnelsen ΑΕΙ, og det videregående uddannelses­system inden for den tekniske sektor, der er kendt under betegnelsen TEL
Tertiary education in Greece falls under the responsibility of the Minis­try of Education and Religion; it com­prises higher education with its uni­versities (ΑΕΙ) and the technical tertiary education level with its tech­nical training facilities (TEI).
Desuden er der følgende uddannel­sesinstitutioner uden for universitets­sektoren, der henhører under Under­visnings­ og Forskningsministeriet: 1 ) Charokopios­Husholdningsskole
Furthermore, the following edu­cational institutions which are part of the nonuniversity tertiary sector fall under the auspices of the Ministry of Education: 1.
2) Instituttet for Teknikeruddannelse (ASETEM) under Uddannelsesin­stitutionen for Teknisk og Er­hvervsmæssig uddannelse (SELE­TE), d) Søfartsministeriet (Statsuddannelsescentre for handels­flåden for kaptajner, maskinmestre og radioteknikere).
Charohopios — School of Home Economics; 2.
3) Præsteseminariet i Athen.
Department of Technician Train­ing (Asetem) of the training insti­tution for vocational and technical training (Selete); 3.
(Optagelse: ansøgere skal indsende en ansøgningsformular og bliver derefter udvalgt ved særlige optagelsesprøver).
Training seminary for priests in Athens; (Admission: candidates must sub­mit an admissions application form and are then selected in special examinations).
Herudover findes der videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner, der henhører under andre ministerier: a) Forsvarsministeriet (Officersskoler for Hæren, Søværnet og Luftvåbnet (Ikaros­Skolen) samt Militærakademiet for Kvindelige Felt­læger. Alle disse institutioner er place­
Moreover, there are institutions of the tertiary education sector which fall under the responsibility of other ministries: (a) Ministry of National Defence
Lov 1268/82 om »universiteternes struktur og funktion« blev forelagt og vedtaget af det græske parlament med det formål at skabe strukturelle æn­dringer i retning af en demokratisering og modernisering af de videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner. Denne lov har været i kraft siden den 16. juli 1982.
Law 1268/82 'on the structure and function of the universities (ΑΕΙ)' was tabled and adopted in the Greek Par­liament with the objective of promot­ing structural changes for the demo­cratization and modernization of insti­tutions of higher education; it has been in force since 16 July 1982.
Det samlede pointtal, som en kandidat kan opnå, beregnes ud fra summen af points i 4 fag, som har lige megen vægt.
The total number of points that each candidate can achieve is calculated from the sum of points in four subjects, which are equally weighted.
Et af disse fag betragtes som værende hovedfaget for et fagområde: kandidaten skal opnå mindst 10 (ud af 20 mulige) points.
One of these subjects is regarded as the major subject for one subject area each: the candidate must achieve at least the required minimum number of points in this subject, at least 10 (of 20 possible) points.
Hvis dette ikke lykkes, bliver den pågældende ikke optaget.
If this is not the case, then the student can­not be admitted.
De væsentligste mål med den gen­nemgribende reform, som lov 1268/ 82 indebar, var at sikre de videregåen­de uddannelsers kvalitet, hvilket er nødvendigt både ud fra et nationalt og et socialt synspunkt, samt at skabe et frit og demokratisk videregående ud­dannelsessystem.
The primary objectives of the com­prehensive reform which Law 1268/ 82 introduced are the safeguarding of the quality of higher education which is imperative from both national and social points of view and the creation of a free and democratic system of higher education.
De fundamentale or­ganisatoriske ændringer, der blev ind­fort ved denne lov var:
The fundamental organizational changes introduced by this law were:
Herudover optages et nærmere fast­sat antal udenlandske studerende og grækere bosat i udlandet samt stipen­diater.
Furthermore, a fixed number of for­eigners and Greeks with residence abroad as well as scholarship holders are admitted.
1) Afskaffelse af professorvældet, oprettelse af institutter (τμήμα­τα), og opdeling af disse i fagom­råder (τομείς).
1. the abolition of the institution of professorial chairs, the establish­ment of departments (τμήματα), and the division of these depart­ments into subject areas (τομείς).
Hvert fagområde koordinerer undervisningen i en del af det område, som instituttet omfatter.
Each of these subject areas will coordinate the teaching of a part of the field covered by its depart­ment.
Fakultetet er ansvarlig for at udarbejde retningslinjer for undervisning og forskning for den respektive videnskab, mens insti­tutterne forventes at udføre de overordnede mål, der er fastsat af fakultetet.
The faculty is responsible for the guidelines on training and research of the respective science whilst the departments are ex­pected to implement the general objectives of the faculty.
Samme artikel foreskriver, at vide­regående uddannelse udelukkende skal varetages af selvstyrende offentlige institutioner. Staten fører tilsyn med disse og er ansvarlig for deres finansie­ring.
The same article in the Greek Con­stitution states that higher education is to be provided by autonomous public institutions.
De fungerer i henhold til love om de videregående uddannelser.
2. the establishment of advisory and decision-making bodies.
Private videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner er forbudt ved lov.
These are the National Academy of Edu­cation and Science (EAGE) and
Videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner (ΑΕΙ)
Types of higher education institutions (AEIs)
De videregående uddannelsesinstitu­tioner er inddelt i følgende katego­rier:
Higher education institutions are cat­egorized as follows:
Universiteter uddannelser.
Universities the Council on Higher Education (SAP), each with its own clear­ly-defined responsibilities.
Det skal planlægge og føre tilsyn med forskningen ved universiteterne for så vidt angår de beslutninger, der tages af SAP.
The National Academy for Education and Science (EAGE), which has not yet been founded, will be expected to advise the government on questions relating to higher education training; it will plan and supervise research at the universi­ties in the context of decisions made by the SAP.
(Det Rådgivende) Råd for de Vide­regående Uddannelser (SAP) er et offentligt tilsynsorgan, hvis med­lemmer omfatter repræsentanter fra de videregående uddannelsesin­stitutioner, fra ministeriet samt fra de politiske partier.
The (Advisory) Council on Higher Education (SAP) is an institution of public supervision on which representatives from higher edu­cation, from the ministry as well as from the parties sit.
Det aflægger beretning til regeringen om emner, der relaterer til de videregående uddannelser.
It reports to the government on topics relating to higher education training.
Rådet for de Videre­gående Uddannelser er allerede oprettet og har virket siden april 1986.
The Council for Higher Education (SAP) has already been founded and has been operating since April 1986;
3) inddeling af universitetssektoren i institutter, fagområder, fakulteter (Σχολή), og videregående ud­dannelsesinstitutioner (ΑΕΙ) (Ανώ­τατα Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα).
3. the division of the university sector into departments, subject areas, faculties (Σχολή), and higher edu­cation institutions — AEIs (Ανώ­τατα Εκπαιδευτικά Ιδρύματα).
Institutrådet er det kompetente organ, der dels fastsætter retnings­linier for undervisning og forsk­ning og dels — via dets funktion som et demokratisk kontrolorgan — er ansvarligt for instituttets hele virke.
The departmental full assembly is the authoritative body which on the one hand sets down the guide­lines for training and research and on the other hand in its function as a democratic control body is res­ponsible for the overall working of the department.
Universiteterne (ΑΕΙ) er op­delt i fakulteter. Universiteternes organer er konsistorium, rektor­kollegiet og rektor.
The universities (AEIs) are organized in faculties.
4) garanteret selvstyre for universi­tetspersonale (DEP) i udøvelsen af deres undervisnings­ og forsk­ningsopgaver.
4. the guaranteed autonomy of uni­versity staff (DEP) in the execution of their teaching and research
Uafhængige videregående uddannel­sesinstitutioner (Σχολές αυτοτελείς) Erhvervshøjskolen (Athen, 1920); Landbohøjskolen (Athen, 1920); Kunstakademiet (Athen, 1835, univer­sitetsstatus fra 1930); Pantios-Højsko-len for Politisk Videnskab (Athen, 1930); Industrihøjskolen (Piræus, 1938, universitetsstatus fra 1958); Industrihøjskolen (Thessaloniki,
Independent institutions of higher education (Σχολές αυτοτελείς) These are: the College of Trade and Industry (Athens, 1920); the College of Agriculture (Athens, 1920); the College of Art (1930, with university
Studenterhåndbog
Student Handbook status since 1935); the Panteios Col­ mu lege of Political Sciences (Athens,
Antallet af udenlands­ke studerende fra de øvrige EF­lande, der er indskrevet ved græske videregå­ende uddannelsesinstitutioner fremgår af tabellen i Bilag.
The numbers of foreign students coming from EC Member States and registered in Greece can be seen in the table in the appendix.
De studerende får tildelt karaktere i hvert enkelt undervisningsfag.
The first semester begins in the second half of Septem­ber, the second semester ends in the first half of June.
Dissi afgives af læreren i det pågældendi fag.
The senate sets the exact dates.
Læreren er også forpligtet til a afholde skriftlige eller mundtlige prø ver efter eget skøn.
Students are marked in each subject by the professor teaching the course, who is also responsible for setting and holding written and oral examinations as necessary.
Studerende, de dumper i et obligatorisk fag, skal g; om i det fag i det følgende semester Studerende, der dumper i et tilvalgs fag, kan enten gå om i det fag i de følgende semester eller kan vælge e andet tilvalgsfag.
Students who fail com­pulsory subjects are required to repeat that subject in the following semester. Students who fail courses they selected from the given list can either repeat that course in the following semester or opt for another course on the list.
Studiernes opbygning Studier til den første grad Undervisningen inden for de forskelli­ge fagområder er tilrettelagt på basis af et studieprogram.
Organization of courses Undergraduate studies Teaching in individual subject areas is organized along the lines of a study programme.
Dette studiepro­gram udarbejdes af afdelingens gene­ralforsamling.
This programme is drawn up by each department's gen­eral meeting.
Det bliver taget op til nyovervejelse hvert år i april måned og omfatter en fortegnelse over obligato­riske fag og en fortegnelse over til­valgsfag.
It is reviewed every April and includes a list of compulsory sub­jects and a list from which a choice of subjects must be made.
Det indeholder desuden en studiebeskrivelse for hvert fag og den ugentlige skemaplan.
This pro­gramme also includes a definition of course content for each course and a weekly schedule.
Studieprogrammet er baseret på det lavest mulige antal semestre (2 pr. år), der er nødvendigt for at tage en grad (πτυχίο).
Postgraduate studies Law 1566/85 provided a new frame­work for the organization of post­graduate studies.
Af denne lov fremgår det, at (a) hvert institut med undervisnings ministerens tilladelse kan opretti og tilbyde et postgraduat studie program inden for dets eget områ de.
The study programme is based on the lowest possible number of semes­ters (two per year) which are needed to attain a degree (πτυχίο).
Tilladelse gives efter ansøgnin; fra instituttet og efter høring a konsistorium og Rådet for di Videregående Uddannelser (SAP) Hvert postgraduat studieprogran har til formål at tildele en postgra duat grad inden for et specialisere område;
The required number of semesters for each degree is defined by a presidential directive, which is issued after consul­tation with the SAP and the faculties:
(b) hvert specialiseret område define res af fagområdet, hhv. af fagom
(a) with the permission of the Min­ister for National Education and Religion, each department may establish and run a postgraduate studies programme in the field for
Videregående uddannelser inden for den tekniske sektor (τριτοβάθμια τεχ­νολογική εκπαίδευση) raderne i fællesskab, hvis det hen­hører under flere fagområder.
(b) each specialized field is defined by the subject area, or respectively, the subject areas jointly respon­sible for it.
Det er muligt at oprette programmer, der går på tværs af institutter eller universiteter.
It is possible to esta­blish an inter-departmental or int­er-university programme.
En ansøgning herom skal udarbejdes af institutterne, og konsistorium og SAP skal aflægge rapport herom.
For this an application by the departments must be made and reports must be submitted by the senate and the SAP.
Ansøgningen kan også udarbejdes af konsistorium fulgt af en vurdering fra SAP;
Alternatively, the senate may submit the application followed by an assessment report by the SAP;
Tekniske videregående uddannelser i Grækenland varetages af TEI, der blev oprettet ved lov 1404/83.
Tertiary technical education in Greece is covered by the TEIs which were established on the basis of Law 1404/ 83.
Ifølge den­ne lov og institutionernes egne vedtæg­ter er TEI selvstyrende offentlige in­stitutioner. Staten har overopsyn med dem og finansierer dem.
Within the framework of this law and of their own statutes these TEIs are autonomous public institutions.
TEI forventes at tilbyde teoretisk og praktisk undervisning, der skal gøre den studerende i stand til at anvende videnskabelig, teknisk, kunstnerisk og anden viden og kunnen i en senere beskæftigelse.
The TEIs are expected to offer theoretical and practical training suited to enabling the student to apply academic, technical, artistic and other knowledge and skills to a later career.
Den lovgivning, der lå til grund for oprettelsen af TEI, indebar også oprettelsen af følgende organer: a) nye rådgivende og beslutningsta­gende organer, nemlig Rådet for Teknologisk Uddannelse (STE) og Instituttet for Teknologisk Uddan­nelse (ITE), hver med deres eget klart afgrænsede kompetenceom­råde;
The legislation which laid down the foundation of the TEIs also envisaged the establishment of the following: (a) new advisory and decision-making bodies — namely, the Council for Technological Education (STE) and the Institute for Technological Education (ITE), each with its
De afsluttende eksaminer Efter at have bestået den afsluttende eksamen tildeles den studerende en grad (πτυχίο).
Validation of courses Students are awarded a degree (πτυχίο) after successful participation in a final examination.
Indehavere af en sådan grad kan indstille sig til en doktor­grad. Her kræves forelæggelse og for­svar af en doktorafhandling udarbej­det på græsk (eller latin, hvis afhand­lingen forelægges for det filosofiske fakultet).
Degree holders can attain a doctorate, provided they produce a doctoral thesis in Greek (or Latin if the thesis is being submitted to the philosophy faculty) and success­fully pass a public viva voce.
Doktorgraden er sædvanlig­vis en forudsætning for at blive ansat som lærer eller forsker ved de videre­gående uddannelsesinstitutioner (und­tagen ved Kunstakademiet).
In gener­al (with the exception of the College of Art), a doctorate is required of anyone wishing to join the teaching and research staff of a higher edu­cation institution.
Videregående uddannelsesinstitutioner (TEI) (τεχνολογικά εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα) de studerende underrettes om æn­dringer i god tid.
Organization courses own clearly defined responsi­bilities; (b) administrative bodies on four levels: sub-department, depart­ment, faculty and TEL At the same time the TEIs were given the legal status of guaranteed auto­nomous, immune and free places of learning.
Instituttets studieprogram udarbej­des i fuld overensstemmelse med den generelle forordning om studiepro­grammer og afgrænses og iværksættes på basis af de respektive undervis­ningsplaner af undervisningsministe­ren i samarbejde med ITE.
Teaching is primarily the responsi­bility of the teaching staff (EP), which is divided into the following levels: professor, assistant professor, and lecturer.
Ved begyndelsen af hvert semester forventes de studerende at give medde­lelse om deres ønskede individuelle semesterplan. To krav skal imidlertid opfyldes:
Sub­jects are categorized as general sub­jects, compulsory subjects, subjects chosen from a given list and purely optional subjects.
Ud over de elleve TEI, der er blevet oprettet i Grækenland, og som er beliggende i Athen, Thessaloniki, Piræus, Patras, Larissa, Heraklion, Kavala, Kosani, Chalkida, Serres og Messolongi, har nogle TEI også åbnet tilknyttede institutioner.
In addition to the 11 TEIs which have been established in Greece and which are situated in Athens, Thessaloniki, Piraeus, Patras, Larissa, Heraklion, Kavala, Kosani, Chalkida, Serres and Messolongi, some of the TEIs have also opened up affiliated colleges.
En TEI til­knyttet institution er en uddannelses­institution, der ligger mindst 30 km fra moderinstitutionen, og som kun har ét fakultet eller højst tre uafhængi­ge institutter. Følgende TEI har til­knyttede institutioner; Patras i Kalamata
A TEI affiliated college is a teaching institution which is situated more than 30 kilometres from the parent TEI and which has only one faculty or at most three independent departments.
— de må ikke deltage i undervisnin­gen i en disciplin, hvortil adgang forudsætter en anden disciplin, som de endnu ikke har afsluttet; og
At the beginning of each semester, students are expected to announce their desired individual semester schedule, although two requirements must be met: 1. they may not participate in a course for which another course is required, unless the required course has been successfully com­pleted; and
— det ugentlige timetal skal bestå af mellem 20 og 45 timer.
2. the weekly schedule must consist of between 20 and 45 hours.
Undervisningsform og evalueringskri­terier for hvert fag defineres af de relevante institutorganer ved en kol­lektiv beslutning. Evalueringen af de studerende er baseret på tre kriterier:
The form of teaching and the assess­ment criteria for each subject are in Kalamata; in Lamia and Karditsa; in Chania; in Drama; in Fiorina; in Ioannina, Arta and Karpenissi.
Adgang og indskrivning
In effect, student assessment is based on three criteria:
Første informationer d) aflægge en 6 måneders praktik­periode i en virksomhed.
Initial information
Hvert un­dervisningssemester består af femten fulde undervisningsuger og to eksam­ensperioder, der hver er af 2 ugers varighed.
In order to receive a degree, a student must also: (a) successfully complete all the com­pulsory subjects as defined by the