natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
For resten af indeværende år og i tiden fremover har Fællesskabet sat sig klare prioriteter:
(iii) Prepare for the discussions that will be necessary, in the International Labour Organization and elsewhere, after the Uruguay Round, of how best to strengthen compliance with current and future agreements in the field of social policy.
iii) En solid struktur i) Åbning af markederne for varer og tjenesteydelser
the rest of the world to be back on the course towards EMU.
Forhandlingerne om sådanne lande som Kinas og Ruslands tiltrædelse af GATT vil give mulighed for at sikre et klart tilsagn om fortsat åbning af markederne.
proportion of overall foreign investment in Europe.
Fællesskabet må yde et positivt bidrag til at åbne op for alle disse fordele.
(j) The international dimension of competition policy
Det er nødvendigt straks at tackle de endnu verserende emner.
Competition policy in most countries has traditionally been seen as a purely national prerogative.
Miljobeskyttelseskravenes indflydelse på handelen er et sådant emne, der vil skulle behandles, så snart runden er afsluttet: EF onsker at få nedsat en stående miljokomité i den nye multilaterale handelsorganisation.
Originally only applied within the Community, this approach has been gradually extended to trade with the Community's main trading partners in Europe as well.
En stærkere organisation til at forvalte det multilaterale system er en væsentlig garanti for, at resultatet af Uruguayrunden får blivende værdi.
Thus, competition policy has played a major role in furthering international trade and, in particular, the possibilities of our companies to export to other markets, hitherto closed by anti-competitive practices, State aids or public monopolies.
Selvom Uruguayrunden føres til en heldig afslutning, er den dog stadig baseret på en ensporet fremgangsmåde for handelsliberalisering, idet den kun beskæftiger sig med statslige handelshindringer.
Little by little, foreign investment in Europe has come to be accepted by European citizens as the first step in closer cooperation between sectors in Europe and their counterparts in key markets overseas.
Det er også vigtigt at udvikle multilaterale regler for eliminering af privat adfærd og private strukturer, som udgør en hindring for handelen.
The argument maintains that outward investment simply deprives Europe of valueadded activities, increases our imports and decreases our exports.
Men dets større handelspartneres konkurrencepolitik er ikke i samme grad rettet mod de handelshæmmende virkninger af sådanne private hindringer.
In some parts of the Community, the level of investment in lowsalary countries is even lower: 4% of over seas French investment, for example, a figure that has changed very little over time.
Der bør derfor med sådanne multilaterale regler genskabes et uhindret råderum for Fælles skabets virksomheder, således at de kan udnytte væsentlige yderligere handelsmuligheder. heder.
Industrialists who invest outside Europe tend to do so to supply markets other than their own, reimporting barely 10% of their total intracompany purchases from the lowsalary countries where they have invested.
ii) Regler for en global økonomi
(i) Work multilaterally to minimize exchange-rate fluctuations
Særlige sektorordninger giver anledning til fordrejninger mellem sektorer, som hæmmer den økonomiske vækst i Europa.
Not all the Community's main trading part ners have followed a similar approach of applying their competition policies to open their markets to imports, however.
Processen kan kun blive gradvis, den skal være bindende for alle deltagere, og den skal indgå som led i en generel styrkelse af GATT-reglerne såvel som en anerkendelse af Fællesskabets politikker på de berørte områder.
Such policies are lacking in particular in a number of countries in East and South-East Asia, whose markets are closed not so much by tariffs and non-tariff barriers, but mainly by anti-competitive practices.
På denne baggrund vil den komme Fællesskabets producenter såvel som økonomien som helhed til gode.
The 'Keiretsu' in Japan and the closed distribution systems in several countries are but two important examples of this phenomenon.
I en global økonomi kommer der på de områder, hvor udenlandske beslutninger kommer til at påvirke Fællesskabets virksomheder, hurtigt nye til, samtidig med at råderummet for ensidig aktion fra Fælles skabets side til at sikre sig en gevinst i konkurrencemæssig henseende på andre økonomiers bekostning gradvis svækkes.
This is a problem which cannot be tackled by the Community in isolation but requires a multilateral solution in which there is better coordination between the macroeconomic and structural policies of major international economies and not only exchange-rate targeting.
Strategien på alle politiske områder bør være at søge sammen med partnere om at realisere Fællesskabets mål.
The Community can encourage this by building on its own internal policy coordination of economic policy through regular surveillance.
Dette er et nødvendigt supplement til de andre ovenfor nævnte aktioner.
It should be a Community priority to seek to establish rules governing these competition problems.
Dumping og eksportsubsidier forbliver en trussel mod redelig konkurrence.
Ideally such rules should be multilaterally agreed, in order to give them the broadest coverage possible.
GATT-reglerne til imødegåelse af illoyal konkurrence må styrkes.
As indicatedabove, the present GATT Round does not deal with the issue, even though certain codes (in particular the TRIPS and Services Codes) include provisions on restrictive business practices.
Beskyttelsesforanstaltninger må også gøres mere effektive og gennemskuelige, således at Fællesskabet, som GATT foreskriver, kan træffe midlertidige for holdsregler til at muliggøre industriomstrukturering.
The Multilateral Trade Organization, created as part of the Round's package, should cover competition policy issues as part of its immediate agenda, focusing especially on restrictive business practices and cartels.
Sådanne forholdsregler skal i alle tilfælde, hvor det er muligt, træffes i samarbejde med alle involverede parter snarere end på et ensidigt grundlag.
For it is only through their enforce ment in individual cases that the positive market opening effects can be achieved.
Fællesskabet fører an i den kooperative indsats inden for G24 og udvikler desuden sine egne instrumenter med TACIS og PHARE.
States of America in order to limit such conflicts through a process of consultation, cooperation and coordination.
Udvidede erhvervsinvesteringer på disse markeder enten bilateralt eller sammen med erhvervslivet i Asien eller Amerika er et element, der nu bør befordres.
The right of recourse to GATT panels should be strengthened, as should the effectiveness of their adjudications.
Det vil øge tilliden blandt Fællesskabets producenter til, at de nødvendige beslutninger træffes hurtigt.
Achieving effective rules of this kind will be difficult and time consuming but it is high time that the process began.
c) Fremme af EF-erhvervsstrategier for tiden efter rundens afslutning
If the agreement, which is presently being reviewed by the Court of Justice, is upheld, it can form a model for other negotiations.
Vi må forbedre koordinationen mellem eksportfremmende foranstaltninger og andre politikker for at øge eksportmulighederne, særlig med hensyn til avanceret teknologi.
Discussions to this end were already held with the Canadian authorities and other candidates could follow.
Globaliseringen af økonomien rejser spørgsmålet om, hvor egnede de aktuelle han delspolitiske instrumenter er. Vi bør nu udvikle mere positive instrumenter for erhvervsmæssigt og mellemstatsligt samarbejde. bejde.
As one of their main objectives is to limit conflicts in cases of enforcement, such agreements can only be concluded with authorities which actively enforce their competition rules.
Asien er en region, der er højt prioriteret i denne henseende. Positive udviklinger i Latinamerika (f.eks. oprettelsen af NAFTA og Mercosur) åbne nye muligheder også i denne region.
In the short term, therefore, the first step is to seek agreement on a system of mutual consultation and cooperation with competitive authorities elsewhere in order to fore stall potential conflict.
Foruden strukturen i de fremtidige handelsforbindelser, der således er fastlagt, er det
The Commission has concluded an administrative agreement with the antitrust authorities of the United
Det er af afgørende politisk og okonomisk betydning før Den Europæiske Union at udvikle forbindelserne med disse lande til en nærmere økonomisk symbiose.
Adaptation of education and vocational training systems
En af fordelene ved et nærmere økonomisk samarbejde vil blive, at gnidningerne på handelsområdet reduceres ved en lettelse af tilpasningen og en mindre udtalt anvendelse af handelspolitiske beskyttelsesinstrumenter.
In a society based far more on the pro duction, transfer and sharing of knowledge than on trade in goods, access to theoretical and practical knowledge must necessarily play a major role.
Man har allerede taget de første skridt mod et muligt frihandelsområde mellem Europa og Middelhavsområdet; der er således ind gået en frihandelsaftale med Israel (1989), en toldunion skal være gennemført med Tyrkiet i 1995 og Cypern, der vil blive for handlet en associeringsaftale med Marokko i 1994, senere med Tunesien og eventuelt med andre lande i området.
These adaptation measures will inevitably have to be implemented progressively, and their effects will be felt only with the passing of time. Nevertheless, by the extension of a certain number of steps taken by the Member States and the Community in recent years, well-planned education and training measures should still produce positive results in three areas: combating unemployment by training young people and retraining staff made unemployed by rises in productivity as a result of technological pro gress; boosting growth by strengthening the competitiveness of businesses; developing a form of growth which produces more employ ment by improved matching of general and specific skills to changes on the markets and to social needs.
Det forventes endvidere, at en lykkelig udgang af fredsforhandlingerne i Mellem østen og den igangværende okonomiske liberaliseringsproces vil fremme den interregionale samhandel.
In order to determine with accuracy the shape and content of the measures needed, it is essential to diagnose the current state of education and training in the Community.
Fællesskabet forer i øjeblikket forhandlinger med Rusland og en række andre stater, der er blevet uafhængige for nylig, og en fastlæggelse af de regler, som skal ligge til grund for de fremtidige handelsforbindelser, vil indgå som et vigtigt led i disse aftaler.
There can be no doubt that education and training, in addition to their fundamental task of promoting the development of the individual and the values of citizenship, have a key role to play in stimulating growth and restoring competitiveness and a socially acceptable level of employment in the Community.
Fællesskabet har ladet forstå, at det er rede til at overveje oprettelsen af et frem tidigt frihandelsområde med Rusland.
Given the economic and social prob lems they are facing today, which are cyclical in certain cases and essentially and more profoundly structural in others, our societies are making many pressing and sometimes contradictory demands on education and training systems.
Hele denne udvikling skulle i løbet af det kommende årti føre til en væsentlig for øgelse af den økonomiske aktivitet i Middelhavslandene med deraf følgende flere direkte investeringer, flere joint ventures, flere aftaler om produktionsdeling og i al almindelighed en langt højere grad af industriel og handelsmæssig vekselvirkning.
Education and training are expected to solve the problems of the competitiveness of businesses, the employment crisis and the tragedy of social exclusion and marginality —in a word, they are expected to help society to overcome its present difficulties and to control the pro found changes which it is currently under going.
For at sikre, at disse muligheder bliver til virkelighed, må EF bidrage aktivt til de økonomiske og sociale forandringer, der allerede har taget deres begyndelse i disse lande i retning mod mere åbne, regionalt integrerede og effektive økonomier.
(i) training is an instrument of active labour market policy; it adapts vocational skills to market needs and is therefore a key element in making the labour market more flexible; the training system plays a major role in combating unemployment, making it easier for young people to enter the labour market and promote the re-employment of the longterm unemployed;
For at sikre, at det lykkes for de tidligere statshandelslande i Europa at gennemføre markedsorienterede reformer, er det nødvendigt at Fællesskabet indtager en innovativ holdning, som ud over en åbning af markedet og finansiel støtte omfatter den nødvendige overførsel af kvalifikationer.
Certain of these demands and expectations are fully justified. Moreover, all other things being equal, it is the countries with the highest levels of general education and training (for example, Germany or Japan) which are the least affected by the probiems of competitiveness and employment.
Et samarbejde mellem EF-\irksomheder og nyligt privatiserede firmaer kan spille en afgørende rolle i så henseende.
How ever, education and training should not be seen as the sole solution to the most urgent questions.
f) Forbedring af konkurrencedygtigheden e) Forankring af det sydlige Middelhavsområde i den europæiske økonomi
It is only within certain limits, and in combination with measures in other areas (industrial and trade policies, research policy etc.) that they can help to solve immediate problems.
Handelspolitik og økonomisk politik kan ikke træde i stedet for erhvervslivets udvikling af såvel salgsbare produkter som af midlerne til at levere dem til verdensmarkedet i rette tid, til den rigtige pris og i den nødvendige kvalitet.
There is no doubt that they could play a significant part in the emergence of a new development model in the Community in the coming years.
Nabolandene i Middelhavsområdet fra Marokko til Tyrkiet udgør den sydlige del af Den Europæiske Unions fremtidige økonomiske og sociale miljø.
(ii) investment in human resources is necessary in order to increase competitive ness, and especially in order to make it easier to assimilate and spread new technologies.
Vi modsætter os med rette, at andre søger at påtvinge Europa deres synspunkter om, hvorledes verden bør indrettes.
munity programmes for giving a European dimension to training.
De internationale organisationer, der er ansvarlige for multilaterale regler, må selv dømme om, hvorledes Fællesskabet overholder disse regler. Det samme princip må gælde for bedømmelsen af andres overholdelse heraf.
As far as labour market policies are con cerned, the contributions of the Member States all point to the need to promote con tinuing training in various forms (sandwich and supplementär)' training, systems of rotation and training leave); several Member States believe that priority should be given to preventive measures for lowskilled people whose jobs are more likely to be under threat and to measures for integrating the unemployed and young people into the labour market.
Der kan skrides til handling på tre fronter: fordele andetsteds.
The most important thing to remember is that the situation differs greatly from one Member State to another.
Vi bør ikke acceptere et så forenklet billede af industrilande med høje lønninger og udviklingslande med lave lønninger.
In some of them, the standard of basic education is satisfactory while the quality of vocational training is inadequate; in others, it is the continuing training element which is weak and the basic training which is strong; then again, continuing training may be well-organized but initial training deficient.
Forskelle i lønomkostningerne alene kan være vildledende.
A diagnosis of the current situation in the Community in this area provides a mixed picture of weaknesses and a certain number of strengths.
Det er sandt, at moderne teknologi i dag spredes langt hurtigere og lettere til forskellige områder i verden end tidligere. Men ringere uddan nelse, lavere kvalifikationer og lavere kapitalinvesteringer samt en utilstrækkelig infrastruktur kan opveje de mulige fordele, der er forbundet med lavere lønninger.
The Member States agree on the need for greater involvement of the private sector in education and/or vocational training systems and in drawing up education and training policies in order to take account of market needs and local conditions.
— Fællesskabet bør udvikle en positiv politik for økonomisk samarbejde med henblik på at hæve de sociale standarder overalt i verden, men uden at indføre handelsdiskriminerende foranstaltninger som løftestang herfor.
(i) the transition from the education system to the world of work should be eased by increasingly practical orientation of training and by ensuring that students have achieved a higher minimum level before they leave the education system ;
Dermed være ikke sagt, at Fællesskabet ikke har vanskeligt ved at konkurrere med lande, der har arbejdskraft i overflod.
The major weaknesses of the education and training systems can be found in the most frequently voiced criticisms by industry, parents, social analysts etc.
Men den europæiske konkurrencedygtighed for ringes ikke hovedsageligt på grund af internationale forskelle i de sociale omkostninger i nogle sektorer, men fordi vi selv lider under strukturelle forvridninger i Europa.
The first is the relatively low level of training in the Community, and especially the fact that too many young people leave school without essential basic training.
I udviklingslandene bliver en mere omfattende social beskyttelse et almindeligt udbredt politisk mål, efterhånden som nationalindkomsten stiger til et niveau, der gør det muligt at nå dette mål.
In the Community, the pro portion of people of normal school-leaving age who leave the education system with a secondary qualification is 42%, against 75% in the United States of America and 90% in Japan.
På lang sigt vil en væsentlig del af løsningen bestå i at hjælpe disse lande med at skabe de nødvendige betingelser for at sikre en forøgelse af den indenlandske efterspørgsel og en forbedring af levevilkårene.
The proportion of young people in any age bracket who are in higher education in the Community is, on average, 30%, as compared to 70% in the USA and 50% in Japan.
— Der bør gøres forberedelser til de drøftelser, der vil være nødvendige, i Den Internationale Arbejdsorganisation og andre steder, efter afslutningen af Uruguay-runden, og der må tages stilling til, hvorledes det bedst kan sikres, at gældende og fremtidige aftaler på det socialpolitiske område overholdes.
(ii) education could be rationalized by providing a shorter period of general education which is better tailored to market needs and by promoting vocational training as an alternative to university;
Bestræbelserne på at forbedre konkurrence dygtigheden gennem handelspolitiske og andre foranstaltninger er ikke ensbetydende med, at den sociale beskyttelse bør under graves i Europa eller ignoreres i landene udenfor.
There is a direct connection between this problem and the problem of the failure of education, which is a particularly important and increasingly widespread factor of marginalization and economic and social exclusion.
Vi er med rette stolte af vore resultater på dette område, som tåler sammenligning med de bedste i verden, og vi gør ret i at fastholde, at der på Europæisk plan i relevant omfang bør fastsættes standarder for den sociale beskyttelse.
In the Community, 25 to 30% of young people, who are the victims of failure, leave the education system without the preparation they need to become properly integrated into working life.
Dette er legitime mål for udviklingsbistand og økonomisk samarbejde, men handelspolitikken er ikke et velegnet instrument til virkeliggørelse af disse mål.
As shown by the initially surprising combination of a high rate of unemployment and a lack of skills in various areas, the second area of weakness is the persistently inade-
Særlige bilaterale økonomiske forbindelser bør endvidere ikke begrænses til udelukkende at omfatte handelspræferencer; det er således ikke muligt at opnå økonomisk integration blot ved hjælp af toldnedsættelser og ophævelse eller begrænsning af ikke-toldmæssige hin-
Under the Treaty on European Union, the Community is to concentrate on promoting cooperation between Member States and on supporting national strategies for improving the results and quality of training, establishing an open education area in the Community by greater recognition of qualifications, and developing Com
dringer.
Page 137
I nogle dele af Fællesskabet er investeringerne i lavtlønslandene endog lavere; af de franske udenlandske investeringer udgor de således kun 4%, og dette tal har i tidens lob stort set ligget på et uændret niveau.
These weaknesses have produced the second substantial group of unemployed people against a background of ever increasing strides in knowledge and an ever shorter life for technologies and types of work organization.
Øgede direkte investeringer er et gode for jobskabelse, for mindskelse af uligevægt og uoverensstemmelser i samhandelen, for fremme af Europas kulturelle forståelse af andre lande og for udbredelse af kendskabet til Europas identitet blandt handelspartnerne. De er særdeles nyttige som et middel til at stimulere verdensøkonomien, hvor der er få handelshindringer, så øgede internationale investeringer bor gå hånd i hånd med bestræbelser på at sikre en yderligere åbning af markederne, især i de nyindustrialiserede lande.
Accordingly, in recent years there have been a number of important qualitative and quantitative steps forward in most Member States: a general improvement in the population's level of training; an increase in the level of school enrolment; the recovery or development of investment in education; an increase in the number of teaching staff etc.
Fællesskabet kan tilskynde hertil ved at bygge på sin egen interne koordinering af den okonomiske politik gennem regelmæssig overvågning.
The Member States and the Community should now adapt the European system of education and training by building on the measures referred to above and continuing and bolstering the efforts already made.
Vi fremmer investeringer, men tilskynder udenlandske investorer i Fællesskabet til en fuldstændig integration i den europæiske økonomi. Vi ønsker ikke såkaldt »skruetrækkere-virksomhed, som næppe heller på lang sigt kan formodes at blive en attraktiv formel for europæisk baseret forretningsvirksomhed, eftersom vi har høje arbejdslønninger, og »skruetrækker«-virksomhed betinger lave lønomkostninger.
With a university system faced — as it has been since the beginning of the 1970s — with the challenge of absorbing a growing number of students while maintaining the quality of its teaching, and the marginalization of — and increasing disaffection with — vocational education, the most developed systems of education and training in the Member States of the Community are, to put it another way, becoming subject to ever increasing constraints.
For os ligger fremtiden i interne investeringer, som et fuldt integreret i den lokale økonomi med forskning, udvikling, markedsføring og ledelsesfunktioner henlagt til Europa sideløbende med produktion, salg og ser vice. Dette er tendenserne i udviklingen, ikke mindst fordi der har været tale om en betydelig stigning i antallet af fusioner og overtagelser set i forhold til de samlede udenlandske investeringer i Europa.
They are weighed down by a combination of new expectations (improving the level of initial training and the ability of individuals to adapt to occupational and social changes throughout their lives) and old tasks (socializing people and imparting to them the basic values of citizenship).