natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Afgiftsfriheden for flyttegods finder endvidere anvendelse på: — Flytning i forbindelse med giftemål (importen må ikke begynde tidligere end 2 måneder før brylluppet og skal være slut senest 4 måneder efter denne dato). — Flytning i forbindelse med arv.
The tax exemptions you are accorded when transferring your residence to another EC country apply in the two following cases: — marriage, in which case the Import of personal effects can begin two months before the date of marriage but must be completed four months after it; and — the import of property acquired by inheritance.
(I denne forbindelse har De en frist på to år til at gennemføre flytningen, og De skal fremlægge attest for, at flyt­tegodset er erhvervet gennem arv).
In this case the import must be completed within two years, and must be accompanied by a certificate stipulating that the goods in question were inherited.
De bør sørge for at informere Dem i importlandet om reglerne for indrøm­melse ä denne afgiftsfrihed.
You can get full details of these tax exemptions from the authorities in the country you are moving to.
Der skal normalt anvendes specielle formula­rer, og der kan være andre restriktioner end de afgiftsmæssige — f.eks. vedrørende import af dyr og medicin.
You are required to fill out special forms in most cases. There may be restrictions, other than fiscal, on the import of animals, weapons, pharmaceutical products, etc.
Import og anvendelse af biler
The import and use of a car
· Motorkøretøjer, påhængsvogne, campingvogne og både, som De medtager ved flytningen, kan ligeledes importeres afgiftsfrit, såfremt De har haft Dem til personlig brug i mindst 6 måneder.
· Motorized vehicles, including trailers, as well as caravans and pleasure boats which are included in your transfer of residence are also entitled to exemption from import taxes, on condition that they have been in your per sonal use for six months at least.
Denne ombytning er obligatorisk og skal i princippet ske hurtigst muligt efter flytningen.
When setting up residence in another Community country, you must carry out a number of formalities:
Efter ombytningen skal Deres oprindelige kørekort sendes tilbage til det land, der har udstedt det.
— if you have brought your car with you, you must ensure that it meets the standards in force in your new country of residence; — in every case you must ask to exchange your driving licence against one issued by your new country of residence.
Hvis De ikke sørger for denne ombytning af kørekortet, risikerer De ved en eventuel kontrol at blive retsforfulgt for ikke at have et gyldigt køre­kort.
The exchange is compulsory and must in principle take place within one year of the transfer of normal residence at the latest.
11986 indførtes et kørekort efter en fællesskabsmodel og det udle­veres nu ved bestået køreprøve ι medlemslandene.
In no case will you be required to undergo a driving test, whether theoretical or practical — or both.
Man skal imidlertid stadig have kørekortet byttet, hvis man flytter til et andet land.
After the exchange, the original driving licence is returned to the Mem ber State which issued it.
Den har endvidere forelagt Rådet et nyt forslag vedrørende kørekort, som bl.a. indebærer mere ensartede regler for udstedelse af kørekort.
If you do not exchange your driving licence you run the risk, in the event of a check, of being charged with driving without a licence.
NB: For så vidt angår andre formaliteter og problemer i forbindelse med import af en bil, kan De finde nærmere i afsnittet om køb af en bil i et andet medlemsland.
It is now issued to new applicants in most EC countries and will shortly be available in the others. However, possession of the Community driving licence does
LIGE RET FOR KVINDER OG MÆND
EQUAL RIGHTS FOR MEN AND WOMEN
Det store flertal (84%) af de erhvervsaktive kvinder i Det Europæiske Fæl­lesskab er lønmodtagere.
The great majority of working women in the European Community are salaried employees (84%).
Spørgsmålet om ligestilling med mændene på arbejdsmarkedet og i sam­fundet er et stort problem for europæiske kvinder:
One of the main problems facing European women is that of equality: occupational equality with men and equality of opportunity in society.
Dette problem bestræber Det Europæiske Fællesskab sig på at gøre noget ved.
Here, too, the European Community has decided to change things.
Lige løn for lige arbejde
Equal pay for men and women
· Som kvinde har De ret til samme betaling som mænd for samme arbejde.
• As a woman, you are entitled to equal pay with men for the same work.
Princippet om lige løn er fastslået i Rom­Traktaten. Det indebærer, at betalingen for en lønmodtagers arbejde fastsættes på samme grund­lag.
This principle, enshrined in the EEC Treaty, implies that the pay for the same work shall be calculated on the basis of the same unit of measurement.
Ved løn forstår man den almindelige grund­ eller minimumsløn samt alle andre ydelser, som arbejdsgiveren som følge af arbejdsforholdet beta­ler lønmodtageren direkte eller indirekte i penge eller naturalier.
The term "pay" refers to the basic wage or salary, together with all the other benefits, whether in cash or in kind, which the worker receives, directly or indirectly, from his employer.
Et EF­direktiv, der trådte i kraft i 1976, har underbygget dette princip og givet det større rækkevidde, så der nu er tale om arbejde af samme værdi.
A Community directive, in force since 1976, has both spelled out and strengthened the contents and scope of this principle, extending it notably to work of equal value and providing for certain practical modalities of application.
Direktivet har endvidere indført en række regler for, hvordan det skal anvendes i praksis.
Equal treatment as regards access to employment and working conditions
• Et andet direktiv, der trådte i kraft ι 1978, drejer sig om lige adgang til ansættelse, uddannelse og forfremmelse og om lige arbejdsvilkår.
• A second directive, in force since 1978, deals with equal treatment as regards access to employment and to vocational training and working conditions.
Lige arbejsvilkår og lige adgang til ansættelse
By virtue of this text you can take up any employment if you have the necessary qualifications.
Ifølge dette direktiv kan kvinder få et hvilket som helst arbejde, hvis de har de nødvendige forudsætninger; de skal have samme arbejdsbetingelser, samme adgang til uddannelse og samme adgang til forfremmelse.
You are entitled to all the measures regarding participation in vocational training and have the same entitlements as men when it comes to promotion and working conditions.
Direk­tivet forbyder al forskelsbehandling efter køn — såvel direkte som hvis den er baseret på tilsyneladende neutrale kriterier som moderskab og familie­forpligtelser.
The directive ensures the absence of any discrimination on the grounds of sex, either directly or indirectly, through references to such apparently neutral criteria as matrimonial or family status.
Denne vilje til at skabe den størst mulige lighed drejer sig ikke om at gøre kvinder og mænd ens.
However, this determination to ensure equal treatment of men and women does not call into question women's specificity and the physical differences between men and women.
Tenorer er stadig mænd og ammer er stadig kvinder.
A tenor will always be a man, a wet-nurse always a woman.
Fællesskabet tilstræber simpelthen den størst mulige ligestilling mellem kvinder og mænd på arbejdsmarkedet og ønsker at forbyde en række særlige — nationale og internationale — regler, som oprindeligt blev indført for at beskytte kvinder og tage hensyn til deres fysik og familiemæssige forpligtelser, men som nu virker uretfærdige og uhensigtsmæssige, fordi de benyttes som undskyldning for at holde kvinder ude fra visse erhverv.
tion of certain protective measures, whether national or international. Originally conceived in order to take account of the physical characteristics of women and their family obligations, these measures are no longer justified or adequate, serving often as a pretext for Member States to exclude women from certain occupations.
• Et tredje direktiv om ligebehandling af kvinder og mænd drejer sig om ligestilling over for den sociale lovgivning.
Equal treatment in matters of social security
Ligestilling over for den sociale lovgivning
• The third directive on equal treatment of men and women covers the field of social security.
— arbejdsulykker — erhvervssygdomme — arbejdsløshed
— accidents at work — occupational diseases — unemployment
Det omfatter såvel lønmodtagere som selvstændige, og har til formål at hindre forskelsbehandling ved beregning af bidrag og ydelser og vedrørende adgangen til at være omfattet af ordningerne.
The directive covers the entire working population, whether employees or self-employed. It seeks to ban discrimination with regard to the calculation of contributions and benefits as well as to access to social security systems.
• Et direktiv fra 1986 drejer sig om ligestilling af kvinder og mænd, der driver selvstændigt erhverv — herunder landbrug.Fællesskabet agter at fortsætte sine bestræbelser og gennemføre en beskyttelse for kvinder på deltidsarbejde, som har midlertidigt arbejde eller vikararbejde.
• Another directive provides for equal treatment of men and women engaged in self-employed occupations, including agriculture. The Community plans to continue its action to promote equal treatment and to regulate other areas, such as the protection of part-time women workers or those employed on a temporary basis.
Et direktivforslag fra 1987 vil, når det engang er vedtaget, dække en række områder, der ikke er omfattet af de forannævnte direktiver: pensionist regler, enkepensioner og familietilskud.
A 1987 draft directive, once adopted, should make it possible to cover areas excluded from the abovementioned directives: retirement age, sur vivors' pensions and family allowances.
— kan De gå til domstolene — kan De indsende en klage til EF-Kommissionen (se kapitlet om at få sin ret)
· Taken together, the Community directives on equal treatment contain a certain number of guarantees for women who consider themselves discriminated against on the grounds of their sex.
— er De beskyttet mod at blive afskediget, fordi De kan kræve lige behandling — er bestemmelser i arbejdskontrakter, virksomhedsstatutter og kollektive overenskomster, der er i strid med lighedsprincippet, ugyldige
If you find yourself in this situation: — you have the right of recourse to the courts; — you can lodge a complaint with the European Commission (see the chapter on securing recognition of your rights); — you are entitled to protection against dismissal linked to an action aimed at securing recognition of your right to equal treatment; — by virtue of these Community directives, the provisions contained in work contracts, statutes or collective conventions are held to be without effect if contrary to the principle of equal treatment; — the directive also contains an obligation to inform workers of their rights within the firm.
• For at give kvinder og mænd lige adgang til beskæftigelse har EF iværksat et program for perioden 1986-1990.
The Community's qual opportunities programme
EF-programmet for lige behandling
• A medium-term Community programme (1986-90) was launched to promote equal opportunities for men and women.
Det har det dobbelte formål at fremme en mere konsekvent gennemførelse i medlemslandene af de allerede vedtagne regler og at få vedtaget nye tekster.
It seeks to improve the implementation of existing provisions in the Member States and the adoption of new texts.
I programmet indgår undervisning, uddannelse, information med det for mål at ændre mentaliteten og beskæftigelsesforanstaltninger for kvinder, herunder undervisning i ny teknologi.
It provides for activities in the fields of vocational training, education and information, aimed at changing attitudes, as well as actions designed to promote female employment and encourage training for women in the new technologies.
NB: Alle medlemslandene har en institution, der har til opgave at skabe lige muligheder for kvinder og mænd i samfundet. (Se fortegnelsen over disse institutioner i bilag 2).
NB: There exists in every Member State a national body entrusted with the task of promoting equal opportunities (see the list in Annex 2).
I visse tilfælde vanskeliggøres den faglige mobilitet af faktorer som eksamensbevisers, attesters og certifikaters forskellige karakter eller af, at en bestemt praktisk kvalifikation er anerkendt i et bestemt land og opfattes som adgangsgivende til bestemte erhverv eller som udtryk for et bestemt kvalifikationsniveau.
Occupational mobility is occasionally hampered by such factors as the specific nature of a diploma, title, training certificate or practical qualification recognized within a Community country and giving entry to an occupation or access to a certain qualification. The fact is that vocational training systems differ considerably from one EC country to another.
Uddannelserne er faktisk særdeles forskellige fra land til land. Det er der for afgørende for borgere i Europa, der vil søge arbejde eller etablere sig i et andet medlemsland, at eksamensbeviser, svendebreve og andre beviser for faglig kunnen anerkendes i de andre lande uanset, hvilket land de er erhvervet i.
It is essential, therefore, that diplomas or other qualifications acquired in one EC country by Community nationals be recognized as equivalent to local qualifications or diplomas when they look for a job or pursue an activity in a Member State other than their own.
Erhverv uden særlige EF-regler
Unregulated occupations
• For en række fag og erhverv er der udarbejdet en EF-beskrivelse af de krav, der stilles.
• In the case of industrial, craft or trade activities classified as requiring skilled workers, details of the practical, professional requirements, considered essential at the Community level, have been established.
Det er ved hjælp af beskrivelsen muligt at fastslå, i hvilket omfang uddannelserne i de enkelte lande svarer til hinanden. Beskrivelserne er offentliggjort i EF-Tidende.
These requirements make it possible to establish the comparability of vocational qualifications recognized in the different EC countries.
De foreligger for en række uddannelser vedrørende elektricitet, automobilmekanik, for hotel- og restaurationsfagene, byggefagene og landbrug.
The results of this work on the comparability of qualifications are published in the Official Journal of the European Communities.
Det er tanken med tiden at indføre et europæisk fagligt legitimationskort, som i alle lande og på alle sprog umiddelbart gør det klart, hvilke kvalifikationer den pågældende har.
Those already published cover jobs in the electrical and motor vehicles sectors as well as jobs In the hotel and catering and construction and agricultural sectors.
• For en række erhverv er adgangen til at udøve dem i alle lande betin- get af, at man opfylder bestemte krav — har bestemte eksamensbeviser og faglige kvalifikationsbeviser mv.
In the long term, it is intended to introduce European vocational training records which would establish the holder's qualifications for all Community countries.
Der kan ikke mere stilles nationalitets- og bopælskrav som betingelse for at udøve erhverv som selvstændig i medlemslandene, fordi retten til at etablere sig og til at yde tjenester i de andre lande er fastslået i EF-Traktaten.
• The entry into and exercise of professions governed by special regula- tions are subject to different requirements, including the possession of diplomas, certificates and other documents.
Men forskellige krav til udøvelsernes faglige kunnen i de enkelte medlemslandes lovgivning hæmmede alligevel mobiliteten.
The right of establishment and freedom to provide services are recognized by the EEC Treaty; hence the elimination of nationality and domiciliary requirements in order to pursue activities on a self-employed basis in another EC country.
Det var derfor nødvendigt at fastlægge bestemte kriterier for anerkendelse af faglig kunnen.
To ensure the free movement of members of the professions who meet with obstacles as regards the personal qualifications laid down by national legislations, it was necessary to provide different methods of recognizing
Der er allerede vedtaget omkring 60 EF-direktiver herom for at sikre dette i en række forskellige fag.
professional qualifications. Some 60 Community directives have already been adopted in this connection.
Inden for håndværk, industri og handel sker anerkendelsen af kvalifikationer i de fleste erhverv på basis af den faglige erfaring, den pågældende har fra et vist antal års virke i faget i sit hjemland.
For most industrial, craft and trade activities, the recognition of qualifications operates on the basis of occupational experience acquired over a certain number of years in the country of origin.
For en række liberale erhverv sker anerkendelsen på basis af de uddannelser, som de pågældende har fået før de indtrådte i faget.
For the various occupations that largely come under the heading of the professions, recognition of qualifications is on the basis of training acquired before entry into the profession.
EF-direktiver om vilkårene for anerkendelse af uddannelser er gennemlørt for:
Community directives have been adopted along these lines as regards:
— jordemødre — dyrlæger — arkitekter
— midwives — veterinary surgeons — architects
— læger — apotekere — tandlæger — sygeplejersker
— doctors — pharmacists — dentists — nurses
NB: Advokater i medlemslandene har ret til at tilbyde deres service i de andre lande.
NB: Lawyers established in an EC country enjoy the right to provide their services in another Member State.
For ingeniører er der ikke noget særligt EF-direktiv, og det er derfor endnu nødvendigt at undersøge forholdene i det pågældende land for hver enkelt specialuddannelse.
Engineers are not covered by a specific Community directive; you must therefore find out beforehand from every Community country the situation as regards your own branch.
For andre erhverv, der ikke falder ind under disse to kategorier, skal et generelt princip om anerkendelse af videregående uddannelser på mere end tre år, sikre anerkendelse af eksamensbeviserne.
As regards those regulated occupations which have not been dealt with above, a general system for the recognition of higher education diplomas which are awarded following training lasting at least three years, was adopted on 21 December 1988, and will apply from 1991.
Direktivet blev vedtaget den 21. december 1988 og skal træde i kraft fra 1991.
such occupations as surveyors, accountants, physiotherapists, psychologists, opticians, etc.
Det skal suppleres med et tilsvarende system for anerkendelse af faglige kvalifikationer for en række erhverv, der ikke er omfattet af direktivet.
It will be supplemented by a system for the recognition of professional qualifications which are outside the scope of the system adopted in 1988.
DE ANSATTES RETTIGHEDER I VIRKSOMHEDERNE
THE PROTECTION OF WORKERS WITHIN A FIRM
BESKYTTELSE AF DE ANSATTES SIKKERHED OG SUNDHED PA ARBEJDSPLADSEN
SAFEGUARDING THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF WORKERS AT THE WORKPLACE
Sikkerhed og sundhed på arbejdspladsen
Health and safety of workers
— sikkerhedsskilte på arbejdspladserne — beskyttelse af arbejdstagere, der var udsat for kemiske fysiske og biolo­giske stoffer eller andre farlige påvirkninger (først og fremmest asbest, bly, støj . . . )
· The implementation of successive Community action programmes, aimed at improving the protection accorded workers against illness and accidents at work, have made it possible to adopt several texts, dealing notably with: — the provision of safety markings at the workplace, and — the protection of workers against dangerous substances or chemical, physical and biological agents (especially asbestos, lead, noise, etc.).
Med henblik på Europa efter 1992 blev i 1988 vedtaget et nyt program, der danner basis for et fortsat arbejde med disse problemer.
A new programme, adopted in 1988, will pursue these objectives as a whole in the new context of the Europe of 1992.
EF­Kommis­sionen har allerede sendt 6 direktivforslag til vedtagelse ι Ministerrådet.
The European Commission has sent the Council of Ministers six draft proposals for adoption.
Der blev i 1974 oprettet et rådgivende udvalg angående sikkerhed, hygiejne og sundhed på arbejdspladsen.
A consultative committee on safety, hygiene and protection of health at the workplace was set up in 1974.
I 1975 oprettedes i Dublin Det Europæiske Institut til Forbedring af Leve­og Arbejdsvilkårene.
A European foundation, set up in Dublin in 1975, is entrusted with the task of improving living and working conditions.
Efterminekatastrofen ι Marcinelle i Belgien oprettedes i 1957 (under Kul­og Stålfællesskabet) et stående udvalg for bedriftssikkerhed og sundhed i kulminerne og i anden udvindingsindustri.
Following the mining disaster at Marcinelle, in Belgium, the permanent body for health and safety in coal-mines and other extractive industries was set up in 1957 in the framework of the European Coal and Steel Community. munity.
Den 12. juni 1989 vedtog Ministerrådet et direktiv om forbedring af sikker­heden og sundheden på arbejdspladsen.
On 12 June 1989 the EC Council of Ministers adopted a directive aimed at improving the health protection and safety of workers at the workplace.
Det rummer klare pligter for såvel arbejdsgiverne som de ansatte: oprettelse af beskyttelses­ og forebyggelsestjenester, brand­ og redningshold, effektiv uddannelse og information om sikkerhedsproble­mer, samt en regel om, at de ansatte skal inddrages i arbejdet med sikkerheds­ og sundhedsforholdene og har krav på at blive konsulteret herom.
This directive sets out basic prescriptions regarding health and safety at work: the strict obligations of both employers and workers; the creation and operation of preventive, protective and emergency services at the workplace; accelerated training and information; workers' consultation and participation, etc.
SIKRING AF DE ANSATTES INTERESSER
SAFEGUARDING WORKERS' INTERESTS
Tre EF-direktiver sikrer alle lønmodtagere over hele EF et vist minimum af rettigheder i forbindelse med større ændringer i den virksomhed, hvor de arbejder.
Should the company which employs them undergo major changes, workers throughout the Community are assured the same minimum rights, thanks to three Community directives.
• Arbejdsgivere, der påtænker en kollektiv afskedigelse af et større antal medarbejdere, skal informere arbejdsformidlingen herom, og afskedigelserne kan først finde sted 30 dage efter, at myndighederne er underrettet skriftligt.
• The directive relating to collective redundancies provides that the employer must inform the authorities of his plans. Dismissals become effective 30 days at the earliest after written notification has been given to the authorities.
I nogle medlemslande skal de kompetente myndigheder ikke blot orienteres om planerne men også godkende dem. Også kollektive afskedigelser, der spredes over en vis periode, er omfattet af disse regler.
In certain EC countries dismissal must not only be notified to the competent authorities but also be approved by them.
Overdragelse af virksomheder
Transfers of undertakings
• Overdrages virksomheden til nye ejere, overføres den gamle ejers for pligtelser over for de ansatte til den nye.
• In the event of a company being taken over by another, the obligations of the former employer are incumbent on the new employer, so as to safeguard employees' rights.
Den nye ejer må hverken ændre eller ophæve ansættelseskontrakter, aftaler om arbejdsvilkår og kollektive overenskomster efter overtagelsen.
The latter cannot change or cancel employment contracts or employer-employee relations, following the transfer of a company.
Direktivet finder ikke anvendelse ved hverken fallit eller ved overdragelser, der ikke medfører, at virksomheden skifter leder, men som blot består i, at aktieposter kommer på andre hænder.
This applies to collective agreements also. The directive does not apply when the transfer is effected in the course of bankruptcy proceedings, and consists of a change in share ownership but not in mana gement.