natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Tilbage står imidlertid problemet med de grader, der er tilladt ifølge fællesskabskrav.
These differing situations result in differing costs which help to cause differences in price net of tax on the various markets.
Kan for eksempel gasolie indeholdende 0,3% svovl, og fremstillet i overens­stemmelse med de krav (fælles eller nationale), der gælder i et medlemsland, nyde godt af den frie varebe­vægelighed og forbruges i et land, hvor det maksimale svovlindhold er sat lavere, for eksempel 0,2%?
Nevertheless, there remains the problem of permitted ranges in Community standards: for example, will it be possible for gas-oil with a 0.3% sulphur content produced in accordance with the standard (be it Community or national) in one Member State to enjoy freedom of movement and be used in a country which requires the lower maximum content namely: 0.2%?
Endelig kunne visse forskelle mellem specifikationerne begrundet i klimatiske forhold måske opretholdes.
The Commission has already informed Member States of its preference for a system with a central storage agency, both from an operational point of view (should the safety stocks be drawn upon) and from the point of view of aligning the costs incurred as a result of the obligation to retain minimum stocks.
Hvis alle medlemslande accepterede Kommissionens synspunkt, ville der ske en harmonisering af den måde det centrale lager finansieres på, samt af fordelingen af forpligtelsen mellem det centrale organ og olieselska­berne.
A final point is that some differences in specifications which are based on climatic factors could be upheld.
Forskelle i bestemmelserne om obligatoriske lagre
Differences in compulsory storage arrangements
Endvidere skal der med henblik på at tilvejebringe Det Indre Marked ske en fornyet undersøgelse af visse ordninger, der i øjeblikket accepteres:
Should all Member States accept the Commission's point of view, consideration could then be given to harmonizing the way in which the central stocks are financed and the way in which the obligation is allocated between the central agency and the oil companies.
(i) Er det acceptabelt, at visse lande (DK, P) fastlægger strengere lagerkrav?
Will it be acceptable for certain countries (i.e. Denmark and Portugal) to impose more stringent obligations?
I øjeblikket er lagerkravet i Portugal på 120 dages forbrug
In Portugal at present it is 120 days' stocks.
Ifølge den fælles lovgivning om sikkerhedslagre skal medlemslandene for de tre vigtigste kategorier af olie­produkter have lagre, der som minimum svarer til 90 dages forbrug, udregnet efter foregående års forbrug.
Community law on security stocks requires Member States to hold stocks of the three main categories of oil products equivalent to not less than 90 days of consumption at the preceding year's rate.
Det er tilladt at medregne lagre af råolie, og der kan tillades lempelser af lagerforpligtelserne i de medlems­lande, hvor det er berettiget på grund af den nationale produktion.
Community law also allows stocks of crude oil to be taken into account and allows reductions of the storage obligation for Member States where this is warranted by indigenous production.
Der kan indgås bilaterale aftaler mellem medlemslande om, at en del af et lands obligatoriske lager skal opbevares i et andet medlemsland.
It allows bilateral agreements between Member States under which part of the compulsory stocks may be held in another Member State.
I øjeblikket er lagerkravet i Det Forenede Kongerige på 76,5 dages forbrug. For de øvrige medlemslande, der producerer olie, er kravet mellem 76,5 og 90 dage.
(ii) Will it continue to be justified for certain producer Member States to enjoy a reduction in their stocks obligation — amounting to 15% at the most — or, conversely, should not all Member States be granted an average reduction based on Community oil output?
Medlemslandene har overført denne forpligtelse til olie­selskaberne (raffinaderier og/eller forhandlere) på for­skellig måde.
The Member States have passed on this obligation to the oil companies (refiners and/or distributors) in various ways.
Generelt kan medlemslandene inddeles i to grupper:
In general terms, the Member States fall into two categories:
(iii) Er der stadig behov for bilaterale aftaler mellem medlemslande om, at et lands sikkerhedslager kan ligge i et andet medlemsland?
At present the obligation on the United Kingdom is to maintain 76.5 days' stocks.
(ii) De der har overladt ansvaret for, at forpligtelsen opfyldes, til selskaberne (B, F (indtil 31. 12. 1987), I, IRL, E, UK).
those which have set up a central storage agency which administers part of the obligation (FR of Germany, Netherlands, Denmark and France — from 1 January 1988).
(iv) Lagerforpligtelsen er udregnet på grundlag af de mængder, der afsættes på det nationale marked. Skal denne definition udvides, så den også dækker afsætning på hjemmemarkederne i de øvrige medlemslande, således som det er målsætningen ved fjernelsen af de indre grænser i 1992.
(ii) those in which the entire obligation is the responsibility of the oil companies (Belgium and France — up to 31 December 1987 — Italy, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom).
De berørte medlemslande er Spanien og Grækenland.
Differences in national law and in procedures for hold ing security stocks often mean that oil companies oper
I Spanien fastsættes salgsprisen på olieprodukter til forbrugerne af myndighederne i forhold til nationale
(iii) Is it still necessary to have bilateral agreements between Member States so that stocks can be held in another Member State?
Disse forskellige forhold bevirker, at omkostningerne er forskellige og bidrager til at skabe forskelle i priser (uden skatter) på de forskellige markeder.
In any event, will it be acceptable under such agreements for certain Member States to authorize a company's undertakings in another State to hold stocks on their premises, but not to permit their own undertakings to hold stocks in the partner's Member State (so-called 'one-way' agreements)?
(A) Harmonisering af afgifter kriterier.
COM(87) 323: Completing the internal market — the introduction of a VAT clearing mechanism for intra-Community sales.
Der fastsættes en ensartet pris for hvert produkt.
(iv) The obligation to maintain stocks is based on the quantities consumed on the home market.
Kommissionen har indledt traktatkrænkelsesprocedure for dette forhold.
Might it not be necessary to extend this definition to cover quantities consumed on the home markets of other Member States, given the prospect that internal frontiers will be eliminated in 1992?
Fra den 31. december 1992 skal medlemslandene anvende fælles afgiftssatser beregnet efter følgende princip:
COM(87) 324: Proposal for a Council Directive institut ing a process of convergence of rates of VAT and excise duties.
I Grækenland beregnes de højest tilladte salgspriser til forbrugerne på grundlag af en prisformel.
COM(87) 327: Proposal for a Council Directive on the approximation of the rates of excise duty on mineral oils.
Blandt de øvrige medlemslande er der nogle, der anvender maksimalprissystemer (Belgien, Irland, Italien, Luxembourg og Portugal).
Member States concerned: Spain and Greece.
(ii) for gasolie til motorkøretøjer og til opvarmning og tung fuelolie, med det vægtede gennemsnit af afgifter, der anvendes for hvert produkt i medlemslande ne.
Where oil products are concerned, the Commission's proposals can be summarized as follows:
Det skal bemærkes, at et maksimalprissystem for salg til forbrugerne ikke behøver at stride mod de fælles regler, hvis driftsherrerne har en effektiv mulighed for at importere EØF-produkter, dvs. hvis maksimalprisen er tilstrækkelig høj til at sætte driftsherrerne i stand til at få dækning for omkostninger og andre importudgifter i deres salgspriser.
In Spain prices at which oil products are sold to consumers are set by the authorities in accordance with national criteria; a single price is fixed for each product. An infringement procedure has been initiated by the Commission.
Blyholdig benzin og middelsvær olie pr. 1000 1 anvendt som motorbrændstof
As from 31 December 1992 Member States would apply common rates of excise duty calculated as follows:
I de øvrige medlemslande er prisfastsættelsen fri (For bundsrepublikken Tyskland, Danmark, Frankrig, Ne derlandene og Det Forenede Kongerige).
Some of the other Member States have a maximumprice system (Belgium, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg and Portugal).
Flydende petroleumsgas (LPG) pr. 1000 1
(ii) in the case of gas oil for heating and transport and heavy fuel oil, the arithmetic average of the excise duty charged on each product in the Member States.
Gasolie til opvarmning og middelsvær olie pr. 1000 1 anvendt som brændsel
In the other Member States there is no form of price control (Germany, Denmark, France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom).
Forskelle mellem de indirekte beskatningsordninger for olieprodukter: Afgifter og moms
Differences in indirect tax systems with regard to oil products: Excise duty and VAT
I forbindelse med spørgsmålet om de indirekte skatter og med henblik på at tilvejebringe Det Indre Marked har Kommissionen i august 1987 fremlagt en række med delelser og forslag for Rådet:
Leaded petrol and medium oils per 1 000 litres used as motor fuel Unleaded petrol per 1 000 litres LPG per 1 000 litres Diesel per 1 000 litres Heating gas oil and medium oils per 1 000 litres used as fuel Heavy fuel oil per 1 000 kg
KOM(87) 320 endelig udg./2: Dokument om tilvejebringelsen af Det Indre Marked — tilnærmelse af satser og harmonisering af indirekte skattestrukturer
These common rates could be altered on the basis of a different date and a different consumption structure.
KOM(87) 323 endelig udg.: Dokument om tilvejebringelsen af Det Indre Marked — iværksættelse af udligningsordning for moms ved salg mellem medlemslande
In August 1987 the Commission submitted to the Council a series of communications and proposals concerning indirect taxation with a view to completing the internal market:
KOM(87) 327 endelig udg.: Forslag til rådsdirektiv om tilnærmelse af afgifter på mineralolieprodukter.
COM(87) 320: Completing the internal market: approximation of indirect tax rates and harmonization of indirect tax structure.
Den begrænsede sats anvendes på energiprodukter til opvarmning og belysning.
In the meantime, the Member States will not introduce new excise duty and cannot alter the existing excise duty except to bring it into line with the above common rates.
I mellemtiden kan medlemslandene frit vælge mellem at afpasse momssatserne på følgende måde:
As from 31 December 1992 Member States would charge VAT rates in the following ranges:
Ifølge Kommissionens forslag fastsættes afgifterne til en fælles sats for alle, og det er ikke tilladt at have varierende satser i ét eller flere medlemslande.
(ii) the adjustment of excise duty in Greece (quarterly variation), (iii) the special petroleum tax in Portugal (monthly variation), (iv) tax changes in Italy (weekly variation).
Tilsvarende bør den anticykliske beskatning afskaffes, undtagen hvis den kan accepteres af samtlige medlemslande og anvendes samtidigt.
In the Commission's proposal excise duty is set at a common rate for all countries, and variations in one or Member States will no longer be allowed.
(a) de medlemslande, der anvender tre satser eller mere, kan reducere antallet til to, dvs. en normal og en reduceret sats
Member States with three or more rates can reduce these to two, i.e. a reduced rate and a standard rate;
(b) de medlemslande, der kun anvender én sats, kan hæve antallet til to, dvs. til en normal og en reduceret sats.
Member States with a single rate can increase the number of rates to two, i.e. a reduced rate and a standard rate.
(ii) Harmonisering af satsernes størrelse:
(ii) Convergence with regard to the level of rates:
Harmonisering af skatterne
The approximation of taxation
(a) medlemslandene kan ændre størrelsen af de reducerede satser og af de normale satser, forud sat en sådan ændring fører til en tilnærmelse til eller fortsat overholdelse af de foreslåede grænser ser
Member States can alter the level of the reduced rates and the standard rate, provided that they are within or closer to the proposed limits;
Hvis den blev gennemført, ville der kunne fjernes et vigtigt element i prisforskellene (alle skatter medregnet) for olieprodukter på forbrugsmarkederne.
Member States can reduce or abolish their increased rates.
De berørte medlemslande er Spanien, Grækenland, Frankrig, Italien og Portugal.
The approximation of taxation (see paragraphs 22 and 23) is a priority objective for the Commission and the Community.
Flere medlemslande har et anticyklisk skattesystem, hvormed salgspriserne til den endelige forbruger kan holdes konstante (fast pris i Spanien og maksimalpris i de øvrige berørte lande), samtidig med at priserne på produkterne ex raffinaderierne svinger.
Attainment of this objective will make it possible to eliminate a major component of the divergence between prices (all taxes included) of oil products on the consumption markets.
(i) »monopolrente« i Spanien (månedlig justering)
Tax accounts for some two-thirds of the final price in the case of petrol (from 56% in Luxembourg to 79% in Italy) and about one-half in the case of automotive gas oil (from 42% in Luxembourg to 62% in Ireland).
Selv om forslaget betyder, at skatteopkrævningen for De Tolv som helhed forbliver uændret, kan det betyde anseelige ændringer for visse medlemslande.
Member States concerned: Spain, Greece, France, Italy and Portugal.
(ii) anvendelse af afgifter i Grækenland (kvartalsvis justering)
Several Member States have counter-cyclical taxation systems which make it possible to keep the final consumer selling prices constant (recommended price in Spain and maximum price in the other countries concerned), while allowing fluctuations in ex-refinery prices.
(iii) særlig olieafgift i Portugal (månedlig justering)
The provisions in question are as follows:
Endelig er det interessant at bemærke, at visse driftsherrer i energisektoren, nærmere betegnet oliesektoren, støtter en skattemæssig harmonisering, der hviler på kriterier om lighed i beskatning af energi til identiske formål.
The Commission's proposal concerning tax approximation will be discussed in the Council; the proposal in question is a middle-of-the-road solution, since the excise duty and VAT rates proposed are averages for the rates charged in the Member States.
Mere konkret betyder et sådant princip om »skatteneutralitet for konkurrerende energikilder« følgende: gende:
Although the tax burden would be virtually unchanged for the Community as a whole, the Commission's proposal might entail significant changes for certain Member States.
I Frankrig opkræves en skattelignende afgift til fordel for Institut français du Pétrole.
In addition, the impact of the Commission's proposals on the tax revenue of the Member States cannot be assessed simply on the basis of oil products.
(i) I transportsektoren: Ligelig (eller næsten ligelig) beskatning (afgifter + moms) for benzin, gasolie til
Account should also be taken of the changes entailed by the approximation of taxation on alcohol and tobacco and the general the monopoly revenue in Spain (monthly variation), tion),
Energi i Europa — Særnummer marked, der findes i oliesektoren, mener Kommissionen, at der først og fremmest skal arbejdes for at afskaffe: landevejstransport og flydende petroleumsgas, der anvendes som motorbrændstof
Last but not least, it is not uninteresting to report that certain energy sector operators, particularly in the oil sector, are in favour of a different approach to the approximation of taxation, based on the criterion of inter-fuel taxation equality for identical applications.
(i) forskellene mellem de tekniske regler og normer, der anvendes på olieprodukter (se afsnit 19)
The differences in rules and technical norms apply ing to petroleum products.
(ii) I boligsektoren: Afskaffelse af afgifter på olie til opvarmning og harmonisering af momssatserne for olie til opvarmning, flydende petroleumsgas anvendt som brændstof, naturgas og elektricitet
In the transport sector, by taxation (excise duty plus VAT) of an equal (or similar) level for petrol, automotive gas oil and LPG motor fuel.
I denne forbindelse vil Kommissionen fremlægge forslag om:
In this area, the Commission proposes: ses:
(iii) I industrisektoren og kraftværkssektoren: Afskaffelse af afgifter på fuelolie og harmonisering af moms satserne for fuelolie, kul, naturgas og elektricitet (for de store forbrugere).
(ii) In the residential sector, the abolition of excise duty on heating gas oil and the equalization of VAT rates as between heating gas oil, fuel LPG, natural gas and electricity.
at indføre tilpasning af handelsmonopoler, navnlig i de nye medlemslande: importrestriktioner (afsnit 16), importtilladelser (afsnit 17) og prisordninger (afsnit 21), samt
to complete the adaptation of commercial monopolies, in particular in the new Member States: import restrictions (paragraph 16), import licences (paragraph 17) and price systems (paragraph 21); and
Problemet ved en sådan alternativ løsning er, at man går glip af et effektivt værktøj til at dæmpe visse anvendelser af olie, eller til at opmuntre til rationel anvendelse.
(iii) In industry and power stations, the abolition of excise duty on fuel oil and the equalization of VAT rates for fuel oil, coal, natural gas and electricity (for large consumers).
på ny at vurdere visse monopolordninger, som i øbjeblikket accepteres: eneret til raffinering (afsnit 14) eneret til markedsføring af produkter på hjemmemarkedet (afsnit 15), og forbud mod leverancer over landegrænser (afsnit 18)
to review certain provisions concerning the monopolies which are at present accepted: exclusive right of refining (paragraph 14), exclusive right of marketing national products (15) and prohibition of cross-frontier deliveries (paragraph 18).
(iii) hindringerne for indenlandsk transport (afsnit 13) inden for rammerne af arbejdet med at liberalisere tjenesteydelserne.
(iii) Obstacles to internal transport (paragraph 13) as part of the liberalization of services.
A. Naturgas på Det Fælles Energimarked
A. Natural gas in the Community energy market
Den fremtidige efterspørgsel
Future demand
B. De mulige hindringer i naturgassektoren
B. Potential obstacles within the natural gas sector
Omfang og grænser for integration i gassektoren 6.
Integration in the gas sector: extent and limitations 6.
Europæisk købspris for gas 7.
Towards a European purchase price 7.
Fortsat integration af det europæiske gasdistributionsnet 8.
Further integration of the European gas grid 8.
Naturgasprisens gennemskuelighed 9.
Price transparency 9.
Harmonisering af skatter og afgifter 10. Teknisk standardisering 11.
Harmonization of taxation 10.
Liberalisering af offentlige kontrakter 12.
Opening-up of public contracts 12.
Mulige hindringer for den frie bevægelighed for gas — på fællesskabsplan — på nationalt plan 13.
Constraints on the free movement of natural gas — at Community level — at national level 13.
Efterforskning og produktion 14. Transport 15. Oplagring 16. Distribution og markedsføring 17. Import og eksport
Exploration and production 14.
C. Prioriterede områder i naturgassektoren
C. Suggested priorities in the natural gas sector
Gasnet og gasledninger 20.
Gas pipeline network 20.
Åbning af naturgasmarkederne: »Common Carrier«
Decompartmentalization of the natural gas markets: Common carrier
Naturgassens bidrag til energiforsyningen
Contribution made by natural gas
Når bortses fra Det Forenede Kongerige, og i stor udstrækning Frankrig, hvor en enkelt virksomhed både står for import, transport og salg til den endelige forbruger, både i industrien og i husholdningerne, har de øvrige lande i Fællesskabet en forsyningsstruktur, der kan opdeles i to niveauer:
With the exception of the United Kingdom and, to a large extent, France, where a single undertaking controls imports, transmission and sales to end-users in industry or the home, all the Community Member States have opted for a two-tier supply structure:
(a) Selskaber, der køber gassen fra producenterne i henhold til langtidskontrakter (20—25 år), og trans­porterer og videresælger den i store mængder til industrielle brugere, kraftværker og offentlige forsy­ningsselskaber.
(a) Gas-transmission undertakings buy gas from producers under long-term (20-25 year) contracts, transmit it and resell it in large quantities to industrial users, power stations and public distributors.
Disse selskaber kaldes transportsel­skaber.
Each of these Member States apart from Germany has just one transmission undertaking.
I alle landene, undtagen Forbundsrepublik­ken Tyskland, er der ét transportselskab pr. land, og de er alt efter omstændighederne offentlige, private eller blandede.
Some of them are public-sector undertakings, others are privately owned and the rest are a mixture of the two.
I Vesteuropa var gasindustrien indtil slutningen af 1950'erne i hovedsagen baseret på produktion af gas fremstillet først og fremmest af kul og dernæst af olieprodukter.
Until the late 1950s the gas industry in Western Europe produced mainly manufactured gas derived from coal and, later, oil.
Naturgasindustrien i Europa var til at begynde med placeret nær de nationale forekomster, der blev fundet i Italien (Po­sletten) og i Frankrig (Lacq).
In the early days, Europe's natural gas industry was confined to sites close to the fields in Italy (the Po Valley) and France (Lacq).
Naturgassen fik en veritabel fornyet opblomstring efter opdagelsen af de enorme forekomster ved Groningue i Nederlandene i 1959, og dernæst af de betydelige fore­komster i Nordsøen.
The natural gas boom in Europe started in 1959 with the discovery of the giant Groningen field in the Netherlands, followed by other significant strikes under the North Sea.
Gas fra Groningue fungerede som drivkraft for udviklingen af naturgasindustrien i Europa takket være eksporten især til Belgien, Frankrig, For­bundsrepublikken Tyskland, Italien og Luxembourg.
Groningen gas provided the driving force for the develop ment of Europe's natural gas industry, as it was exported to Belgium, France, Germany, Italy and Luxembourg in particular.
Eksporten af nederlandsk gas i EF udgjorde i 1986 næsten 26% af den samlede gasimport i Fællesskabet.
In 1986, gas exports from the Netherlands to other Member States accounted for almost 26% of all gas imports in the Community.
I øvrigt ligger Fællesskabets afhængighed af import fra tredjelande (USSR, Norge og Algeriet) i øjeblikket på 35% og vil nå 40% og måske mere omkring og efter årtusindeskiftet.
On the other hand, the Community now depends on imports from non-Community countries (the Soviet Union, Norway and Algeria) for 35% of its gas supplies, with the figure expected to rise to 40% or more from the year 2000.
(b) De offentlige forsyningsselskaber, der videresælger gassen til enkeltkunder, herunder små industrielle brugere, i relativt små mængder.
(b) Public distribution undertakings resell relatively small quantities of gas to members of the public and small industrial consumers.
Der er flere offent­lige distributionsselskaber i hvert medlemsland (und­taget Det Forenede Kongerige og i vid udstrækning Frankrig).
Every Member State (apart from the United Kingdom and, to a large extent, France) has several different public distribution undertakings, most of them public or semi-public undertakings operating on a regional or local basis.
De offentlige distributionsselskaber er oftest blandede selskaber eller offentlige selskaber, der opererer på regionalt eller lokalt plan.
These public distribution and transmission under takings are granted exclusive operating concessions by the national, regional or local authorities.
Transport­ og distributionsselskaber udøver deres virksomhed i henhold til enekoncessioner, som de har fået tildelt af de nationale, regionale eller lokale myndigheder.
(C) Penetration of the energy market by natural gas
I løbet af 15 år (fra 1971 til 1986) er naturgassens andel af det primære energiforbrug i Fællesskabet fordoblet, fra 9 til 18%.
In the space of 15 years (from 1971 to 1986) natural gas's share of primary energy consumption in the Community doubled from 9% to 18%.