natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Domstolen har kritiseret, at der således gælder to forskellige ordninger, fordi det skaber yderligere forskelle ud over dem, der allerede følger af, at de nationale lovgivninger ikke er blevet harmoniseret.
In its reply the Court found that it was not necessary that a self-employed person should receive payment as a direct consideration for his work.
Derudover gav man i dommen udtryk for kritik af den i artikel 73, stk. 2, fastsatte ordning, fordi den åbner mulighed for en kamoufleret forskelsbehandling beroende på nationalitet.
It was enough that in the exercise of his activities he received income permitting him to meet all or some of his needs, even if that income was supplied by third parties having the benefit of the services of a missionary priest.
Et kriterium, hvorefter familiemedlemmernes bopæl er afgørende, vil således ifølge Domstolen ikke kunne sikre den i EØF-traktatens artikel 48 foreskrevne ligebehandlig, og kan ikke anvendes i forbindelse med en samordning af de nationale lovgivninger, jf. EØF-traktatens artikel 51.
The Court also held that where a self-employed person had completed periods of insurance under the social security rules of a Member State it was irrelevant whether or not his work had been in a country outside the Community.
Den i Dommen anførte ugyldighedserklæring er imidlertid blevet begrænset til kun at gælde perioden efter 15. januar 1986.
Finally, the Court said that under Community legislation residence in another Member State was equivalent to residence in the Member State concerned.
Domstolen har i den forbindelse fundet, at et nødvendigt hensyn til retssikkerheden hindrer, at man på ny sætter spørgsmålstegn ved de beløb, som tidligere blev oppebåret som familiebidrag.
The Dutch requirement that the insured person must have resided in the Netherlands for a specified period was consequently unlawful.
Da han blev syg, vendte han tilbage til sit kloster i Belgien i 1982 og anmodede forgæves den nederlandske forsikring om invaliditetsydelse; man meddelte ham, at han ikke opfyldte den ved lov fastsatte betingelse om at have boet i Nederlandene mindst et år under sin sygdom.
By its judgment in Case 307/84 Commission ν France the Court held that by making appointment and establishment in permanent employment as a nurse in a public hospital conditional on the possession of French nationality, France had failed to fulfil its obligations.
Spørgsmålet om, hvorvidt hr. Van Roosmalen var en ulønnet arbejdstager i den i forordning 1408/71 anførte forstand er blevet forelagt Domstolen.
Confirming its decisions in Sotgiu3 and Commission ν Belgium (Case 149/
Domstolen har også erklæret, at hvis arbejdstageren er tilknyttet en socialsikringsordning i en medlemsstat, hvortil han har indbetalt i flere perioder, er det unerordnet, om arbejdet finder sted i et tredjeland.
79),4the Court held that the nature of the legal relationship (whether private or public) between the employee and the employing administration was of no consequence with regard to the scope of the exception in Article 48(4) of the Treaty.
Endelig fremgår det for Domstolen af EF-lovgivningen, at »det forhold at være bosiddende eller at have boet i en anden medlemsstat sidestilles med at være bosiddende eller at have boet i den pågældende medlemsstat«.
The criterion for the applicability of Article 48(4) was not organic in nature but functional (whether or not the posts in question were typical of the specific activities of the public service in so far as the exercise of powers conferred by public law and responsibility for safeguarding the general interests of the State were vested in it).
Det nederlandske krav om, at den forsikrede skulle have boet i en periode i Nederlandene, er derfor ulovligt.
In view of the nature of the duties and responsibilities involved, employment as a nurse in a public hospital did not constitute employ­ment in the public service within the meaning of Article 48(4).
) og sag 149/79, Kommissionen mod Belgien
INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF THE SUBSTANTIVE RULES
Kriteriet for, hvorvidt EØF-traktatens artikel 48, stk. 4, finder anvendelse, er ikke af organisatorisk, men af funktionel art (dvs. hvorvidt de pågældende stillinger er typiske for den offentlige forvaltnings særlige virksomhed, når den er blevet overdraget udøvelsen af offentlig myndighed og ansvaret for varetagelse af statens almene interesser).
The Court held that a person pursuing effective and genuine activities on a part-time basis could not be excluded from the scope of the rules governing the free movement of workers (which must be interpreted broadly) merely because he endeavoured to supplement his remuneration, which was below the minimum for subsistence, by other lawful means.
Stillingen som sygeplejer(ske) i offentlige hospitaler kan efter de arbejdsopgaver og det ansvar, som denne stilling indebærer, ikke anses for »reserverede stillinger« i den i EØF-traktatens artikel 48, stk. 4, nævnte betydning.
It was irrelevant whether these supplementary means of subsistence stemmed from the assets or employment of a member of the family of the person concerned or were derived from financial assistance from the public funds of the host Member State.
Den præjudicielle dom, der blev afsagt den 3. juni4) i sag 139/85, vedrørte en national praksis, hvor man afslog ansøgninger om opholdstilladelse til vandrende arbejdstagere, som på grund af meget beskedne indtæger (i dette tilfælde havde den pågældende kun kunnet få deltidsbeskæftigelse 12 timer om ugen) var nødsaget til at søge offentlig bistandshjælp.
By its judgment in Lawrie-Blum ν Land Baden-Württemberg,1replying to a number of questions put by the German Federal Administrative Court, the Court confirmed its previous findings2concerning Article 48(4), which exempts posts in the public service from the principle of freedom of movement for workers. The Court held that the exception did not cover the post of trainee secondary school teacher ('Studienreferenda') in Germany, such a traineeship being a necessary preliminary to appointment as a teacher in the State schools.
Domstolen fastslog, at man ikke fra anvendelsesområdet for reglerne om arbejdskraftens frie bevægelighed (begrebet arbejdskraft må fortolkes bredt) kan udelukke en person, der som lønmodtager på deltid udøver en faktisk og reel beskæftigelse, alene fordi han ønsker at supplere sin løn, som er lavere end eksistensminimum, med andre lovlige midler.
The Court held that a British candidate possessing the necessary German qualifications could not be refused a traineeship on the sole ground that she was not a German national.
Det er her uden betydning, om disse supplerende midler hidrører fra kapitalgoder eller fra beskæftigelse udøvet af et af hans familiemedlemmer, eller om der er tale om offentlige ydelser udbetalt af værtslandet.
Although the judgment was expressly concerned only with the post of trainee teacher, it would appear to be relevant to the appointment of fully qualified teachers in State schools too.
IV-2 præjudicielle spørgsmål, der var blevet forelagt af Bundesverwaltungsgericht, fulgte Domstolen sin tidligere retspraksis1) vedrørende EØF-traktatens artikel 48, stk. 4, der fra princippet om arbejdskraftens frie bevægelighed undtager stillinger i den offentlige administration.
COMMUNITY LAW registration in that other Member State in order to be able to practise their profession in France as an employee, as a principal in a practice or as a locum, France had failed to fulfil its obligations under Articles 48, 52 and 59 of the Treaty.
Domstolen nægtede at bringe denne undtagelsesbestemmelse i anvendelse i den foreliggende sag, hvor der var tale om et lærerkandidatkursus i Tyskland, som man skulle have gennemgået som betingelse for adgang til en stilling som lærer i den offentlige sektor.
This judgment is in line with the Court's ruling in Klopp.1It is based primarily on the fact that the principle of a single practice is applied more strictly to practitioners from other Member States than to those established in France.
Selv om dommen alene vedrører en stilling i form af et kursus for lærerkandidater, kan man måske også drage de samme konklusioner med hensyn til stillinger for færdiguddannede lærere i de offentlige skoler.
The judgments established that the requirement in certain Member States that the leading insurer in a co-insurance operation must be established or authorized in the Member State of the risk was incompatible with Articles 59 and 60 of the EEC Treaty and with Council Directive 78/473/EEC relating to Community co-insurance.3
FORTOLKNING OG ANVENDELSE AF FÆLLESSKABSRETTENS MATERIELLE REGLER 389
INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF THE SUBSTANTIVE RULES
Domstolen har efter at have behandlet de af Tyskland fremførte argumenter til støtte for disse restriktioner konkluderet, at etableringskravet (som er i direkte modstrid med princippet om frie tjenesteydelser) ikke var berettiget, men at kravet om godkendelse i visse tilfælde kunne være berettiget for at give den medlemsstat, der modtager tjenesteydelserne, mulighed for at foretage den nødvendige kontrol til beskyttelse af forsikringstageren og den forsikrede.
With regard to the obligation to deposit foreign securities for safe custody with an approved bank, the Court considered that such a requirement could be imposed only if it was indispensable for monitoring compliance with conditions laid down by the legislation of the Member State concerned in conformity with Community law.
Domstolens dom i den præjudicielle sag 157/852) drejede sig om, hvorvidt to begrænsninger med hensyn til en italiensk valutaindlændings mulighed for at købe udenlandske værdipapirer var forenelige med EF-retten vedrørende frie kapitalbevægelser.
In Case 106/84 Commission ν Denmark the Court confirmed its previous findings on the taxation of alcoholic drink by holding that by taxing wine made from grapes at a higher rate than wine made from other fruit Denmark had failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 95 of the EEC Treaty.
For så vidt kravet om henlæggelse af udenlandske værdipapirer i depot i en godkendt bank, fandt Domstolen, at et sådant krav kun kunne gøres gældende, såfremt det var absolut nødvendigt for at kontrollere, om de betingelser, der er fastsat i vedkommende medlemsstats lovgivning i overensstemmelse med EF-retten, overholdes.
In Roberts ν Tate and Lyle Industries2 2 the Court confirmed that a contractual provision which laid down a single age for the dismissal of men and women under a mass redundancy involving the grant of an early retirement pension, whereas the normal retirement age was different for men and women, did not constitute discrimination on grounds of sex contrary to Community law.3
I en anden dom2), der blev afsagt den samme dag, besvarede Domstolen en række præjudicielle spørgsmål vedrørende det konkurrencemæssige forhold mellem varer såsom skotsk whisky og frugtvin af hedvinstypen.
The Court's judgment in Bilka Kaufhaus ν Weber von Hartz 6concerned a situation in which part-time workers were excluded from their employer's occupational pension scheme. Almost all the workers concerned were women.
Domstolen fandt, at disse to kategorier af alkoholdige drikkevarer ikke kunne betragtes som værende ensartede varer.
By its judgment the Court reaffirmed its previous rulings on indirect discrimi­nation (measures which, although neutral from a formal standpoint, in fact affect, without any objective justification, a group of persons made up exclus­ively or mainly of persons of a particular sex).
Domstolen udtalte envidere, at EØF-traktatens artikel 92, stk. 2, ikke var til hinder for, at der anvendes en differentieret afgiftsordning for visse drikkevarer efter objektive kriterier.
It also clearly stated, for the first time, that Article 119 of the Treaty applied directly to discrimination regarding entitlement to an occupational pension.
FORTOLKNING OG ANVENDELSE AF FÆLLESSKABSRETTENS MATERIELLE REGLER 391
INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF THE SUBSTANTIVE RULES
Domstolen fastslog, at fællesskabsretten giver mulighed for udelukkende at anvende mandlige ansatte til at udføre politiopgaver i en situation, der er præget af attentater mod politiet, men afstak dog temmelig skarpe grænser for, hvornår en sådan undtagelse kan bringes i anvendelse.
The Court held that Community law allowed policing duties to be restricted to men in a situation characterized by serious internal disturbances with a danger of assassination, but defined fairly clearly the limits to such a derogation from the general rule.
Samtlige artikler i traktaten, som giver mulighed for undtagelser fra fællesskabs­retten i situationer, der kan bringe den offentlige sikkerhed i fare, skal fortolkes snævert.
All the Articles of the Treaty which permitted derogations from Community law on grounds of public security had to be interpreted strictly.
Det samme gælder for så vidt angår artikel 224, der giver mulighed for en undtagelse i tilfælde af alvorlige indre uroligheder, krig eller alvorlig international spænding.
This applied to Article 224 of the Treaty, which provides for a derogation in the event of serious internal disturbance, war or serious international tension.
Domstolen nægtede Det forenede Kongerige ret til at påberåbe sig den i artikel 224 fastsatte undtagelsesbestemmelse i det foreliggende tilfælde.
For that reason the Court denied the United Kingdom the right to rely on the derogation in this case.
Ifølge Domstolen var betingelserne for anvendelsen af artikel 224 ikke opfyldt, eftersom situationen i Nordirland ikke umuliggjorde en retslig efterprøvelse.
According to the Court, the conditions governing implementation of Article 224 were not satisfied since the situation in Northern Ireland did not make judicial review impossible.
I en dom, der blev afsagt den 1. juli i sag 237/85 ■), tog Domstolen stilling til en række spørgsmål vedrørende fortolkningen af Rådets direktiv 75/117/EØF af 10. februar 19752) om indbyrdes tilnærmelse af medlemsstaternes lovgivninger om gennemførelse af princippet om lige løn til mænd og kvinder. Den nationale domstol ville i første række vide, om bestemmelserne i dette direktiv medførte, at faglige klassifikationssystemer ikke må indebære en lønrammedifferentiering, der for det første beror på, i hvilket omfang et arbejde er anstrengende og belastende for musklerne, og for det andet på, om arbejdet er fysisk hårdt eller ej.
In Rummler ν Dato-Druck2the Court had before it a number of questions concerning the interpretation of Council Directive 75/117/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the application of the principle of equal pay for men and women.3The national court sought to ascertain in essence whether it followed from the Directive that job classification systems could not draw distinctions on the basis of the criteria of muscle demand or muscular effort and whether the employment involved heavy physical work.
For så vidt angår det i dette spørgsmål omhandlede princip, fastslog Domstolen, at direktivet ikke er til hinder for, at et fagligt klassifikationssystem — med henblik på fastlæggelsen af lønniveauet — anvender kriterier, hvor der lægges vægt på anstrengelsen eller belastningen af musklerne eller et kriterium, hvorefter hårdheden af det fysiske arbejde er afgørende, dersom det arbejde, der skal udføres, efter arbejdsopgavernes beskaffenhed rent faktisk kræver en vis fysisk styrke, forudsat at en sådan ordning i sin helhed — qua det forhold, at der også tages hensyn til andre kriterier — udelukker enhver form for forskelsbehandeling på grundlag af køn.
On the question of principle raised here, the Court concluded that the Directive did not prohibit the use, in a job classification system for the purpose of determining rates of pay, of the criterion of muscle demand or muscular effort or that of the heaviness of the work if, in view of the nature of the tasks involved, the work to be performed did require a certain level of physical exertion, so long as the system as a whole, by taking into account other criteria, precluded any discrimination on grounds of sex.
I sag 250/84 ') fastslog Domstolen på ny, at kvoteringsordningen inden for den fælles markedsordning for sukker var lovlig.
In Eridania ν Cassa Conguaglio Zucchero ' the Court reaffirmed the validity of the quota system in the common organization of the market in sugar.
En række italienske virksomheder fandt, at ordningen var diskriminerende og derfor stridende mod det i EØF-traktatens artikel 40, stk. 3, indeholdte forbud mod forskelsbehandling.
Certain Italian undertakings considered that the system was discriminatory, and thus contrary to Article 40(3) of the Treaty.
Det indenlandske forbrug i Italien af sukker er større end den A-kvote, Italien har fået tildelt.
Italian internal consumption of sugar is higher than the amount of that Member State's A quota.
Dette indebærer, at den italienske eksport af sukker gennemføres på grundlag af B-kvoten, som er pålagt en langt højere afgift en »A-kvote-sukker«.
It follows that exports of sugar from Italy are made from the Β quota, on which there is a much higher rate of levy than on A sugar.
Virksomhederne klagede over, at de var udsat for forskelsbehandling i forhold til producenter fra andre medlemsstater, hvis indenlandske forbrug er mindre end A-kvotemængden, hvilket giver dem mulighed for at eksportere sukker fra A-kvoten.
The undertakings complained that they were discriminated against as compared with producers in other Member States where internal consumption was lower than the amount of the A quota, thus allowing exports of A quota sugar.
Domstolen, at afgifts- og kvotesystemet var rimeligt set i sammenhæng med sukkermarkedet som helhed og understregede, at hver markedsordning udgør en helhed.
The Court held that the system of levies and quotas was valid in the overall context of the sugar market; it emphasized that market organizations had to be seen as a whole.
Man kan derfor ikke på den ene side acceptere de fordelagtige elementer og på den anden side forkaste de elementer, der ikke er fordelagtige.
It was not possible to accept those parts which were advantageous and reject those which were not.
I en dom, der blev afsagt i sag 244/832), frifandt Domstolen de sagsøgte i et søgsmål om skadeserstatning anlagt af en tysk producent af kasein og kaseinater med Rådet og Kommissionen for at have undladt at fastsætte monetære udligningsbeløb eller differentierede beløb for de to produkter.
In Meggle Milchindustrie ν Council and Commission2the Court dis­missed an action for damages brought by a German producer of casein and caseinates against the Council and the Commission on the grounds that they had failed to introduce monetary compensatory amounts or differential amounts for the two products.
Domstolen tilsluttede sig således Kommissionens politik vedrørende fastsættelse af udligningsbeløb for produkter »uden for bilag II«, hvis pris afhænger af landbrugsprodukterne.
It thus confirmed the policy followed by the Commission regarding the establishment of monetary compensatory amounts for non­Annex II goods whose price depended on those of agricultural products.
I det foreliggende tilfælde gjorde den tyske producent gældende, at han var udsat for forskelsbehandling på grund af den højere pris i national valuta på mælk i Tyskland i forhold til bl.a. prisen i Frankrig.
In this case the German producer claimed it was discriminated against because of the higher price of milk in Germany, expressed in national currency, as compared in particular with the price level applying in France.
I dommen i sag 201 og 202/853) hævdede Domstolen det princip, at det i EØF-traktatens artikel 40, stk. 3, litra b), anførte forbud mod forskelsbehandling af Fællesskabets producenter gælder alle foranstaltninger vedrørende den fælles markedsordning for landbrugsvarer, herunder også nationale foranstaltninger fastlagt til gennemførelse af EF-lovgivningen.
In Klensch3the Court established the principle that the prohibition of discrimination between producers within the Community laid down in the second subparagraph of Article 40(3) of the EEC Treaty applied to all measures relating to the common organization of agricultural markets, including national measures which implemented Community rules.
Når EF-lovgivningen giver medlemsstaterne valget mellem flere løsninger uden dog udtrykkeligt at fastsætte kriterier eller betingelser, kan de nationale myndigheder ikke vælge en løsning, der direkte eller indirekte ville medføre forskelsbehandling af Fællesskabets producenter.
Where the Community rules left Member States a choice between different formulas, and even where they did not impose any express criteria or conditions, the national authorities could not choose an option liable directly or indirectly to discriminate between
3 sag 250/84). ) Dom af 18.3.1986 (Fa.
Case 250/84.
Meggle Milchindustrie/Rådet og Kommissionen, sag 244/83). )
Case 244/83.
Dom af 25.11.1986 (Klench o.a./Secretariat d'État à l'Agriculture, sagerne 201 og 202/85).
Joined Cases 201 and 202/85 Kipgen (née Klensch) and Others ν Secrétaire d'État à l'Agriculture et à L· Viticulture.
IV-2 bekræfter Domstolen også med hensyn til, hvad der skal ske med de mængder, som opgiver deres mælkeproduktion, at EF-lovgivningen skal fortolkes som indeholdende et krav om forbud mod forskelsbehandling.
Community producers. This jugdment is the first dealing with the milk quota scheme; in it the Court also confirmed that when reference quantities were to be reallocated because they had become free as a result of producers leaving milk production, the Community rules had to be interpreted in accordance with the requirement of non­discrimination.
Tribunal de grande instance i Macon1) har forespurgt EF-Domstolen om EF-rettens forenelighed med en kontingentordning for de franske melfabrikkers årlige malekapacitet for blød hvede, der skal forarbejdes til mel til menneskeligt konsum i Frankrig.
In Forest1the Macon Regional Court (Tribunal de Grande Instance) asked whether a French quota system limiting the capacity of mills processing common wheat into flour for human consumption was compatible with Com­munity law.
Denne malekapacitet kan bl.a. øges ved erhvervelse af malerettigheder, som er omsættelige værdipapirer.
The permitted milling capacity can be increased in particular by acquiring milling rights, which can be bought and sold.
Kontingenterne og malerettighederne kan tilsammen dække mere end Frankrigs behov for menneskeligt konsum. Meleksport er ikke underlagt nogen kontingentordning.
The total of quotas and milling rights is greater than the capacity required for domestic consumption.
Det kan endvidere oplyses, at mel underlagt kontigentordningen kan fremstilles af både fransk hvede og af importeret hvede.
Flour subject to the scheme can be milled from French wheat or imported wheat.
Domstolen har ikke konstateret nogen interferens mellem den nationale lovgivning og den fælles prismekanisme for så vidt, som disse priser kun fastsættes for korn i form af kerner og ikke for mel, og kontingenterne og malerettighederne tilsammen medfører ikke nogen begrænsning for mulighederne for afsætning af hvede.
The Court said that the French rules did not interfere with the common prices mechanism, since the common prices were for grain and not for flour, and the quotas and milling rights taken as a whole did not limit the possibility of selling wheat.
Af samme grund har Domstolen heller ikke konstateret nogen uforenelighed med målene for den fælles landbrugspolitik eller med traktatens generelle målsætninger.
For the same reason the Court saw no incompatibility with the objectives of the common agricultural policy or with the general aims of the Treaty.
Dette betyder også i betragtning af, at EF-retten ikke kommer ind på spørgsmålet, at denne lovgivning fuldt ud kan anses for at henhøre under den nationale lovgivers kompetence.
So understood, and given the silence of Community legislation on the subject, the rules in question could validly be enacted by the national legislature.