natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
a) I de forskellige lande har man diskuteret, hvorvidt formuedannelsespolitikken var hen sigtsmæssig, og hvorvidt midlerne til dens gen nemførelse var tilstrækkeligt effektive.
Therefore, we should bear in mind that the ideas expressed by different groups relate almost exclusively to incentives given to the acquisition by workers of assets in the form of deposits and securities.
') Teksten vedrorende arbejdsgiver- og arbejdstagerorganisationernes stillingtagen er hovedsagelig udarbejdet pa grundlag af oplysninger, som disse organisationer selv har afgivet.
1The text relating to the opinions of employers' professional groups and workers' unions has been drawn up essentially accord
Formuedannelsespolitikken sigter mod, at de, der endnu ikke (eller kun i ringe grad) har kunnet er
(b) Consequently, a wider range of opinions can be encountered in countries where liquid asset for ing to information given by these organizations themselves.
er tilgængelige for hele befolkningen (skattefordele for indkomst af opsparingskonti, boligpolitik osv.) nu er gennemført i de fleste lande.
The resources for these funds would derive from capital transfers (cash transfers are excluded) against which the employees (up to a certain income level) obtain an equal share which they can freely dispose of after a certain holding period.
Man mä derfor gøre sig klart, at de holdninger, som de for skellige instanser har givet udtryk for, næsten udelukkende vedrører foranstaltninger til fremme af formuedannelse i værdipapirer o.l. hos lønmodtagere. gere.
Interest and dividends from participation in companies will not be distributed by the funds but would be invested in projects in the public sector.
Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland fastsættes af loven om de 624 DM eller af virksomhedsoverenskomster. berøres ikke af dette programs nye bestemmelser.
ciple should be realized either by paying investment wages so that all employees, including those work ing in the public sector, will get a share in capital growth or by arranging company-based profit schemes.
En tværministeriel arbejdsgruppe er blevet nedsat under finansministeriet med henblik pa at foretage en dybtgående undersøgelse af dette lovforslags bestemmelser. Den ugunstige økonomiske situation samt visse juridiske og praktiske vanskeligheder bevirker imidlertid, at regeringen ikke agter at gennemføre dette program inden for en nær fremtid.
For these formulas a legal framework has to be provided guaranteeing that the minimum amount paid for asset formation is not lower than the said investment wage.
b) En mere nuanceret opfattelse af problemet findes følgelig i de lande, hvor politikken ved rørende formuedannelse i værdipapirer o.l. er blevet ført på en mere konsekvent og vedholdende made eller har givet anledning til vigtige foranstaltninger pä området i løbet af de seneste är.
The CDU/CSU is of the opinion that further agree ments on profitsharing including risk elements should be possible and that the participation schemes should eventually be extended to house wives and pensioners.
I Forbundsrepublikken Tyskland har samtlige so ciale grupper givet deres principielle tilslutning, om end med visse forbehold, til en politik, der sigter mod en retfærdigere fordeling af formuetilvæksten. væksten.
There are different views among the various trade unions which are members of the DGB: while wealth concentration is criticized by all, some disapprove of the scheme put forward by the DGB and advocate a redistribution programme based on fiscal measures and public expenditure.
CDU/CSU har accepteret princippet om lønmodtagernes andel i virksomhedernes overskud.
In 1978, the CDU/CSU submitted to the Bundestag a proposal for a law to extend voluntary participa tion in the profits and capital of an undertaking to wage earners in a greater number of companies.
Dette princip skal enten realiseres gennem en udbetaling af investeringsløn. således at alle lønmodtagere, herunder lønmodtagerne i den offentlige sektor, får del i formuetilvæksten, eller gennem en ind førelse af planer om overskudsdeling i virksomhe derne. Disse projekter nødvendiggør en juridisk ramme med henblik på at sikre, at det minimumsbeløb, som udbetales til formuedannelse, ikke er mindre end den nævnte investeringsløn.
This proposal also recommends a new insurance system, to be financed by undertakings, which in the case of bankruptcy would ensure payment of 50% of the sums invested by the worker in the undertaking.
Med denne ekstra indkomst har lønmodtageren frit valg med hensyn til sin ret til at fá andel i kapitalen og kan efter en »bindingsperiode« pá seks ar frit disponere over denne andel.
They preferred schemes involving profitsharing at intertrade level under agreement between the sides of industry.
CDU/CSU mener, at senere aftaler om risiko behæftet overskudsdeling ligger inden for mulig hedernes grænser, og at disse senere kan udvides til også at omfatte pensionister og husmodre.
Furthermore, the trade unions advocate a greater financial encouragement to save than is presently the case for persons on low incomes and, in this context, the Congress expressed a wish that the legislators should re-examine the present savings promotion scheme.
I 1978 fremsatte CDU/CSU i Bundestag et lov forslag, der tog sigte pä at udvide den frivillige de ling af virksomhedens overskud og kapital til at omfatte lønmodtagere i et større antal selskaber.
The SPD and FDP parties, which form the present Government are in favour of nation-wide assetformation schemes for large sectors of the population, following the widely publicized Government proposals.
Ifølge dette forslag skal der ligeledes bl.a. indføres en ny forsikringsordning, der finansieres af virk somhederne, og som ved eventuel konkurs sikrer udbetaling af 50% af det samlede beløb, lønmodtageren har investeret i virksomheden.
The main difference in the schemes is that the SPD proposals tend more towards asset formation by workers which would strengthen the trade union position in regard to the administration of the funds, whereas the FDP scheme favours other sectors of the population and would fix the income limits at a higher level and so reduce trade union influence on the administration of the funds.
Den 22. februar 1974 vedtog forbundsregeringen et program for formuedannelse. Ifølge dette pro gram skal virksomheder, hvis skattepligtige ud bytte overstiger DM 400 000 (for selskaber baseret på kapitalandele) og DM 500 000 (for selskaber baseret på personlig deltagelse) overføre en del af kapitalen i form af stamaktier eller i visse til fælde i form af kontanter til en central fond. som fordeler midlerne til særlige fonds.
The Confederation of German Employers' Unions (BDA) is in favour of extending the facilities of the existing DM 624 Law giving workers incentives for asset formation.
Disse gør det muligt for lønmodtagere og andre, hvis indkomst ligger under et vist niveau, at modtage andelsbeviser, som de først kan sælge efter syv års forløb.
According to the BDA, this law has proven its usefulness and there is therefore no need to develop new models of asset formation enforced by law.
Hvis den begunstigede derefter sælger sine andelsbeviser, mister han retten til at modtage senere ydelser.
Instead the BDA asks the trade unions and political parties to opt for types of participation in the capital and profits of undertakings, to which both employers and employees adhere voluntarily and which result in individual asset formation by employees.
De årlige øvre ind komstgrænser ligger på henholdsvis DM 36 000 for den begunstigede og DM 54 000 for husstande, hvor ægtefællen ikke udøver erhvervsvirksomhed - med en forhøjelse pa DM 9 000 for hvert forsørgelsesberettiget barn.
The Confederation of German Trade Unions (DGB) demands energetic steps against wealth concentration and a small majority within this organization is in favour of a profitsharing scheme for all workers.
Indehaveren af andelsbeviser har ret til gennem valgte repræsentanter at deltage i fondens administration.
By this, the DGB means a scheme which goes much further than the promotion of savings and the collective agreements based on the assetformation law (DM 624).
Fondene konkurrerer på lige fod med andre midler og integreres i det bestående økonomiske system.
The DGB views its pro posal not as a means to improve the income situation of the employees but as an instrument to counter the concentration of wealth.
De ydelser, der
In this context
tion) deres modstand mod enhver ordning ved rørende udbytteandel på virksomhedsplan.
Given that these sums are usually necessary for new investment, they should be frozen, so that they will remain unavailable for consumers.
De foretrækker tværfaglige udbyttedelingsordninger, der aftales af arbejdsmarkedets parter.
In the Economic and Social Council, agreement was reached regarding the simplification and improve ment of systems for savings premiums, which could be harmonized better.
I øvrigt henstiller fagforeningerne, at der gives større finansiel støtte til de lavtlønnedes opsparing, og i samme forbindelse blev der på kongressen givet udtryk for ønsket om. at der foretages en ændring af de gældende love om opsparingsfremmende for anstaltninger.
A majority was also in favour of eliminating obstacles in present legislation so that workers could participate in profitsharing schemes to a greater extent. Legislation has since been adopted by amending the Civil Code.
Det tyske arbejdsgiverforbund (BDA) går ind for en udvidelse af de fordele, der er forbundet med den nuværende lov om de 624 DM til fremme af formuedannelse hos lønmodtagere.
In 1976, the BDA gave details regarding this concept and presented the main lines of an asset-formation policy that could be negotiated in the framework of collective agreements.
Ifølge BDA har denne lov stået sin prøve, og det er derfor ikke nødvendigt at udvikle nye former for formuedannelse ad lovgivningens vej.
This proposal advocates that wageearners invest a part of their earnings in their own undertaking, preferably in the form of shares, but also bonds or other securities.
I stedet anmoder BDA fagforeningerne og de politiske partier om at støtte, at overdragelsen af andele i overskud og kapital i virksomhederne sker på frivillig basis for såvel arbejdsgiver som lønmodtager, og at der sker individuel formuedannelse hos lønmodtagerne.
Wageearners would be covered by an insurance scheme to provide against both loss of capital and job if the undertaking went into bankruptcy.
DGB (den tyske LO) kræver, at der træffes energiske forholdsregler mod formuekoncentrationen, og et lille flertal inden for organisationerne går ind for en overskudsdeling, der kommer alle lønmodtagere til gode.
(c) In the Netherlands, it is generally accepted that the social objectives pursued in the assetformation policy are useful and appropriate.
DGB kræver saledes en ordning, der rækker videre end både foranstaltningerne til fremme af opsparing og de kollektive overenskomster baseret på loven om formuedannelse (624 DM).
Opinions begin to diverge on the subject of how effective is the current sharing-out of assets, on. what is an appropriate policy to modify it, and the method to follow with this aim in view, particularly as to whether the public authorities should intervene in this field.
Efter DGB's opfattelse sigter forslaget ikke mod en forbedring af lønmodtagernes indkomster, men snarere mod en ændring af formuekoncentrationen.
In May 1975, the Government submitted to Parliament a document on incomes policy which includes a programme for worker participation in company growth.
I denne sammenhæng kræver DGB oprettelse af regionale investeringsfonds, der skal administreres af lønmodtagerne selv.
This programme, the essence of which was embodied in a draft law in June 1976, was inspired by the aim to increase workers' share in capital growth, and as a by-product, the programme aims at more uniformity in the growth of salaries and wages among the various branches.
Fondenes midler hidrører fra kapitaloverførsler (dog ikke af kontanter), der fordeles ligeligt mellem lønmodtagere (under en vis indkomstgrænse); lønmodtagerne kan frit disponere over dem efter en fastsat bindingsperiode.
This slow down in the rate of increase of wages and salaries in the more profitable undertakings (which by the way makes for higher profits) would not be acceptable to workers unless these undertakings were to distribute part of the profits to workers under assetformation schemes.
I 1976 præciserede BDA denne opfattelse ved at fremlægge de store linjer i en formuepolitik, der kan drøftes inden for rammerne af de kollektive overenskomster.
The workers' organizations consider that under the present social conditions the sharing-out of the benefits of company growth can be the object of legitimate criticism.
Ifølge denne politik investerer lønmodtagerne en del af deres løn i deres egen virksomhed, fortrinsvis i aktier, men også i obligationer eller andre værdipapirer.
Workers receive their wages, which are the result of the interplay of supply and demand on the labour market.
Gennem en forsikringsordning skulle lønmodtageren i tilfælde af konkurs kunne undgå at miste sin kapital samtidig med sit arbejde.
However, company owners receive not only a return on the capital invested in the company, but also the profit added to it and, as a result, benefit from the capital growth of the undertaking.
Meningerne er delte i de forskellige fagforeninger inden for DGB.
In most cases this takes the form of company autofinancing.
Skønt alle kritiserer formuekoncentrationen, er der nogle, som ikke anerkender DGB's forslag, og som ønsker et program baseret pá en omfordelingspolitik ved hjælp af skattesystemet og de offentlige udgifter.
The return paid to owners should be limited to a reasonable return on the capital invested in the company.
Den vigtigste fagforening (1G-Metall) giver tilvejebringelse af midler til sociale reformer første prioritet.
This return should also be established by the market, at a rate comparable to the income from bonds.
Disse midler skal skaffes gennem en højere beskatning af virksomhedernes overskud og ikke gennem formuedannelsen, idet en finansiering gennem formuedannelsen reducerer virksomhedernes beskatningskapacitet og kun kan spille en supplerende rolle.
Here it should be taken into consideration that income from bonds relates to a nominal amount which does not change with time, whereas the nominal value of capital invested in the undertaking follows changes in the value of the currency.
Pa årskongressen i maj bekræftede fagforeningerne under DGB (den tyske landsorganisa
If the profits of the company exceed salaries and a reasonable return on capital, the excess should be divided between the two factors of production.
Arbejdstagernes organisationer mener, at der in den for rammerne af den nuværende samfundsorden er god grund til at kritisere fordelingen af de goder, der hidrører fra virksomhedernes ekspansion.
A number of texts are at present under study in the Government to follow up the latter recommendation. tion.
Dette kommer i mange tilfælde til udtryk i virk somhedernes selvfinansiering.
would receive the same amount, subject to a ceiling, paid to an account with a bank or savings bank and frozen for a period of seven years.
Den aflønning, der tilfalder ejerne, bør begrænses til et afkast, der står i et rimeligt forhold til den kapital, der er investeret i virksomheden.
The undertaking can pay this amount in cash, shares or other certificates.
Dette afkast bør tillige af markedet fastsættes til et niveau, der svarer til obligationsrenten.
After the seven-year period, the worker may freely dispose of these assets.
I denne forbindelse mä det tages i be tragtning, at obligationsrenten er baseret på et nominelt beløb, der forbliver uændret, mens den nominelle værdi af den kapital, der er investeret i virksomheden, følger udviklingen i pengenes værdi.
The sums transferred (exclusively in cash) under the national plan would be paid into a central fund administered by a council composed of Government and workers' representatives (the latter in the majority).
Hvis virksomhedens driftsresultat overstiger ar bejdslønnen og et rimeligt afkast til kapitalen, bor overskudet fordeles mellem de to produktionsfaktorer. Eftersom disse midler normalt er nødvendige, hvis der skal foretages nye investeringer, bør det (ved binding) sikres, at de ikke går til forbrug.
Further, in October 1978, the Government gave practical form to a plan announced by the President of the Republic at a press conference on 14 June 1978 by adopting a draft law providing for compulsory distribution of shares to employees of industrial and commercial undertakings quoted on the stock exchange.
1 Det økonomiske og sociale Rad er man blevet enige om at søge at forenkle og forbedre de eksisterende opsparingspræmieordninger med henblik på en højere grad af harmonisering.
While the employers' organizations prefer existing savings premium schemes and voluntary participa tion in company profits, and deplore the negative effects likely to ensue from the Government's plans, the Socialist and Catholic trade union organizations are demanding an intertrade fund for participation, in the form of blocked holdings, for workers in the capital growth of undertakings and emphasize the importance of such a fund for worker solidarity.
Endvidere støtter et flertal planerne om at fjerne hindringerne i det nuværende retsgrundlag, således at arbejdstagerne får mulighed for at få større del i virksomhe dernes overskud.
The capital paid into the fund should be used to improve the lowest pensions rather than for individual asset formation.
Siden da har man vedtaget lovbestemmelser om dette spørgsmål, ved at ændre den nederlandske borgerlige lovgivning.
The Protestant trade union organization, on the other hand, is in favour of asset formation both through the undertaking concerned and the issue of certificates by intertrade funds.
I 1978 blev lovforslaget af juni 1976 om lønmodtagernes andel i virksomhedernes kapitaltilvækst ændret betydeligt af den nye regering.
The General Confederation of Labour (CGT) be lieves that systems of incentives for asset formation by workers should not be considered as a form of pressure to restrain consumption and is not in favour of any system of wage investment or profit sharing which results from compulsory savings.
Det oprindelige forslag er blevet delt i to: Det første, der blev fremsat i april, vedrører den enkelte arbejdstagers andel i virksomhedens kapitaltilvækst, og det andet, der blev fremsat i oktober, vedrører en lands omfattende plan for fordeling af virksomhedernes kapitaltilvækst blandt alle arbejdstagere, foreløbig i en treårig periode.
With respect to encouraging home ownership, the Dutch Government has announced that it wishes to alter existing house-purchase schemes under which premiums vary depending on construction cost, and replace them by a system of degressive premiums based on the beneficiary's income.
Den individuelle plan skulle gælde med tilbagevirkende kraft fra den 1. januar 1977, og den landsomfattende plan træde i kraft 1. januar 1978.
The CGT maintains that any incentive scheme for workers' asset formation must be subject to certain prior conditions — increase of wages, guaranteed by sliding scale indexing, extension of supplementary retirement schemes based on sharing out, improvement in the overall social security system.
Planerne skal gælde for virksomheder, der underkastes selskabsbeskatning, og hvis skattepligtige fortjeneste i Nederlandene overstiger HFL 100 000 om aret.
Similarly, the incentive schemes must have social objectives: they must principally relate to saving for homeownership, and also encourage workers to acquire durable consumer goods.
I loven defineres »virksomhedernes kapitaltilvækst« som den nettofortjeneste.der ¡Nederlandene blivert tilbage efterfradrag af afkastet af den investerede kapital, der be regnes i forhold til rentefoden for offentlige Ian.
(d) In France, the Government has, by its orders on participation, shown that it is in favour of en couraging asset formation by workers and of link ing such asset formation to the development of private savings and investments.
Dette program, hvis væsentlige indhold blev taget op igen i juni 1976 i form af et lovforslag, sigter i første række mod at forøge ar bejdstagernes andel af formuetilvæksten og ian den række mod at opnå en mere ensartet lønudvik
However, not wishing its workers to suffer even more hardship, the CGT recommended its local organizations to sign participation agreements,
en gennemførelse af regeringens planer kan tænkes at få, går de socialistiske og katolske fagorganisationer kraftigt ind for en tværfaglig fond med hen blik pá en fordeling - i form af blokerede henlæggelser — af virksomhedernes kapitaltilvækst blandt lønmodtagerne, idet de understreger betydningen af en sådan fond for solidariteten blandt samtlige lonmodtagere.
choosing an investment in blocked current accounts providing for automatic payment at the end of the five-year period, and annual interest payments.
Denne fonds kapital skulle anvendes som tilskud til de laveste lønmodtagerpensioner og ville således ikke fremme formuedannelse hos den enkelte.
sion between capital and labour, create an interest in saving, and increase investment.
Den protestantiske fagorganisation går derimod ind for formuedannelse bade in den for den pågældende virksomhed og gennem værdipapirer udstedt af en tværfaglig fond.
It is, on the other hand, opposed to any measure which fixes ceilings which can discriminate against its members.
1978, vedtog regeringen i øvrigt i oktober et lov forslag vedrørende tvungen uddeling af aktier til lønmodtagere i børsnoterede industri- og handelsvirksomheder.
It considers that there are numerous possible solutions, and that the methods employed should be very varied so that they can be adapted to the particular case of each company.
Der er tale om en gratis uddeling, der er »en éngangs- og særforanstaltning«, af 3 % af aktiekapitalen, dog højst FF 5 000 pr. lønmodtager, og kun såfremt selskaberne har udbetalt di vidende mindst to gange inden for de sidste tre af sluttede regnskabsår.
For the Democratic French Confederation of Labour (CFDT), the real problem is that the in creased profits should belong to the community as a whole as such profits, created by auto-financing, are created by the company, the worker and the State, all playing their part.
La Confédération générale du travail (CGT) mener, at ordningerne til fremme af formuedannelse hos lønmodtagere ikke må være et pressionsmiddel, der sigter på at bremse forbruget, og stiller sig afvisende over for alle ordninger vedrørende investeringsløn eller deling af de resultater, der hidrører fra opbygningen af en tvungen opsparing.
Moreover, the investor remains free to invest or not, whilst the worker is required to make savings, from his wages, over which neither the workers nor their representatives have any control.
Ifølge CGT bør der knyttes visse forhåndsbetingelser til alle foranstaltninger til fremme af formue dannelse: Forhøjelse af lønindkomster med garanti i form af glidende skala, udvidelse af tillægspensionsordningerne efter fordelingssystemet, samt forbedring af de generelle socialsikringsordninger.
(e) In Denmark, both the Employers' Confederation (DA) and that of the Trade Unions (LO) are in favour of a fairer redistribution of wealth.
Endvidere må ordningerne til fremme af formue dannelse have sociale mål, dvs. hovedsagelig sigte mod boligopsparing og endvidere fremme arbejdstagernes anskaffelse af varige forbrugsgoder.
For these reasons, this trade union has shown its disapproval of the objectives and methods chosen in the 1967 Order on profitsharing; it considers further, that the incentives for saving in the form of tax exemption or supplementary employers' contributions accentuate the disparities in income, to the detriment of the poorest.
For så vidt angår »ordonnance« af 1967 om ØD mener CGT. at der er tale om et forsøg fra regeringens side på at finde et støttepunkt for den lønopbremsende politik, den førte på det tidspunkt.
Incentives should be given only to those invest ments concerned with homeownership - such in centives would be particularly important as they would benefit the underprivileged social groups.