natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Et stadig voksende antal byer (indbefattet middelstore byer) holder en årlig festival, hvori den bildende kunst er ved at få borgerret.
An increasing number of towns (including some medium-size ones) are organizing annual festivals in which the plastic arts are gaining ground.
Festivalerne i Bordeaux, La Rochelle og Aix-en-Provence har medført kunstneriske arrangementer, herunder kunst på gaden.
The Bordeaux, La Rochelle and Aix-en-Provence festivals have offered artistic events, including some art-in-the-street schemes.
- Den internationale kunstbiennale i Menton; - Den europæiske gravurebiennale i Mulhouse og
International art events more specifically devoted to the plastic arts in clude the international festival of painting at Cagnes-sur-Mer, the international art biennale at Menton, the European engraving biennale at Mulhouse and the international ceramics biennale at Vallauris.
Den franske kunstpresses Fagforening (SPAF) har hjemsted i 11, rue Berryer, Paris. Formand: Gisèle Pollaillon-Kerven.
The French Art Press Union (SPAF) has its headquarters at 11 rue Berryer, Paris.
Kunstkritikernes internationale Fagforening (AICA) har hjemsted i 9, rue Berryer, tlf. 561 11 68. Formand: Dora Vallier.
The International Art Critics Association (AICA) has its headquarters at 9 rue Berryer, Paris (Tel. 561 11 68).
Af tidsskrifter, der særlig er viet nutidig avantgardekunst kan nævnes Art Press International og Opus International.
Journals particularly concerned with contemporary avantgarde art include Art Press International and Opus International.
Af tidsskrifter, der behandler me re akademiske kunstretninger, kan nævnes 1'Amateur d'art og Le Peintre.
Amateur d'art and Peintre deal more particularly with the academic end of the art market.
Blandt tidsskrifter af almen kunstnerisk interesse kan fremhæves Connaissance des Arts, Galerie des Arts og L'Oeil.
General art journals include Connaissance des Arts, Galerie des Arts and L'Oeil.
Bilag 1: Fonde (Bildende Kunst)
Annex 1 : Foundations (Plastic arts)
Denne liste er udarbejdet på grundlag af et værk udgivet af Statstidende; Fonde, 1980.
This list is based on an official journal, Fondations, 1980
Bilag 2: Forening af private kunstcentre
Annex 2: Association of Private Art Centres
Bilag 3: Forening af kulturelle samlingscentre
Annex 3: Association of Cultural Meeting Centres
Foreningens hovedsæde, Hotel de Sully, 62, rue St. Antoine, 75004 Paris
Association headquarters, Hôtel de Sully, 62, rue St-Antoine, 75004 Paris
Kulturelle_samlingscentre:
Cultural meeting centres
Kunstnerforeninger
Artists' Associations
Angående Salonerne, forskellige foreninger og fagforeningerne sker henvendelse til Maison des artistes, 9 et 11, rue Berryer, 75008 Paris, tlf. 563 33 66
For the salons, various associations and unions, write to la Maison des artistes, 9 et 11, rue Berryer, 75008 Paris, tel. 563.33.66
Kunstudbredelse
Circulation of works of art
Se også i Centre George Pompidou, informationsafdelingen, skrifter: Calendrier des manifestations en France.
See also, from the Georges Pompidou Centre, Information Service, the publication: calendrier des manifestations en France
Kunstmarkedet
The art_market
Der findes i Irland ikke noget ministerium eller statssekretariat for kulturelle anliggender. Alt vedrørende kunsten administreres dels af Arts Council (An Chomhairle Ealaion), dels af ti ministerier af et samlet antal på 16.
Ireland has no minister or secretary of state for cultural affairs.
Af'alle disse ministerier er det Undervisningsministeriet, som er mest aktivt med hensyn til kunst: Delvis finansiering af Rose-festivalen (20 000 IRL i 1973) of National College of Art and Design (237 000 IRL i 1973).
The State Department for Education is by far the most active as far as the plastic arts are concerned, having provided partial financing for the ROSC festival (IRL 20 000 in 1973) and for the National College of Art and Design (IRL 237 000 in 1973).
Samme år gav Udenrigsministeriet 8 000 IRL ud til billedkunst.
In the same year, the Department of Foreign Affairs spent IRL 8 000 on the plastic arts.
De øvrige ministerier yder økonomisk støtte til kunsten, men hovedsagelig til teater, ballet og musik. sik.
The other departments provide financing for art, but the money mainly goes on the theatre, the ballet and music.
Lovgivningen om offentlig kunststøtte bygger på "Arts Acts" af 1951, efterhånden ændret og modificeret 1966 og 1973.
The laws on official patronage of the arts derive from the Arts Act of 1951, which were amended in 1966 and 1973.
Disse lovtekster fastsætter oprettelsen af Arts Council, hvis opgaver defineres således: "Stimulere publikums interesse for kunst, holde udstillinger af kunstværker, råde regeringen i kunstneriske spørgsmål, samarbejde med alle de institutioner eller personer, der er optaget af kunst, centralisere de gaver i penge eller formuegoder, der har forbindelse med de forannævnte opgaver".
These acts decided that an Arts Council would be set up, defining its aims as to stimulate public interest in the arts, organize art exhibitions, advise the government on art matters, cooperate with all individuals and institutions involved in art and centralize donations in cash or in kind related to the above activities.
Ved ændringen af 1966 oprettedes Ciste Cholmcille (se 3.1.2).
The 1966 amendment set up the 'Ciste Cholmcille' (3.1.2).
Ved ændringen af 1973 omdannedes Arts Councils struktur, idet medlemstallet forøgedes, og de regionale offentlige myndigheder bemyndigedes til økonomisk at bidrage til Arts Councils aktiviteter eller til andre initiativer på kunstens område.
The 1973 amendment altered the structure of the Arts Council, increasing its numbers, and au thorized the local authorities to make financial contributions to Arts Council activities and to any other art schemes.
Arts Councils medlemmer udnævnes for et tidsrum af fem år, der kan fornyes. Arts Councils budget for billedkunst androg 150 000 IRL i 1979.
The members of the Arts Council are appointed for a five-year period (renewable).
Der findes ingen officiel koordination mellem Arts Council og de afdelinger af ministerierne, som spiller en rolle i kunstlivet; denne mangel på samordning er for øvrigt temmelig uheldig for Arts Council.
There is no official coordination between the Arts Council and the various sections of the State departments involved in artistic activity and this is somewhat detrimental to the Council.
Derimod er der etableret en snæver samordning med Nordirlands Arts Council: Udveksling af udstillinger, ligelig uddeling af stipendier inden for hele Irland.
However, there is close collaboration with the Arts Council of Northern Ireland, exhibitions are exchanged and grants are offered to artists from anywhere in Northern or Southern Ireland.
Regional_udvikling
Regional development
Inden for rammerne af Organisationen for regional Udvikling er der siden 1976 oprettet en række regionalforeninger til beskyttelse af kunsten.
The organization of regional development has involved a certain number of regional arts protection associations being set up since 1976.
Størstedelen af disse foreninger er af så ny dato, at de ikke har udformet et program for kunstneriske aktiviteter, og'de har endnu ikke alle en kunstnerisk leder.
Most of these associations are too recent to have outlined their arts programme yet and some still have to appoint their officers in charge of artistic affairs.
De skal i fremtiden drage omsorg for samordningen mellem det lokale plan og de nationale institutioner, mellem de professionelle kunstneres frembringelser og amatørernes initiativer.
In the future, they should act as coordinators between local and national institutions and between amateur and professional art.
De skal træffe afgørelse om etaperne for vandreudstillingerne, deltage i tilrettelæggelsen af lokale kunstfestivaler og støtte de kunstcentre, der drives i fællesskab.
They will take decisions on touring exhibitions, help organize local arts festivals and provide support for community art centres.
For øjeblikket er Mid West Art Association, som i 1977 fik Paul Funge til kunstnerisk leder, den eneste for ening, der arbejder regelmæssigt efter et program.
At the moment, the Mid-West Arts Association, of which Paul Funge was appointed art director in 1977, is the only one to have a regular programme of activity.
Den modtager økonomisk støtstøtte fra Arts Council (6 000 IRL i 1978).
This association has an Arts Council grant (IRL 6 000 in 1978).
De lokale myndigheder blev ved Arts Aet 1973 bemyndiget til at støtte kunsten.
The Arts Acts of 1977 authorized the local authorities to subsidize the arts.
En undersøgelse foretaget af Gulbenkian Foundation 1974-1975 (1) viser, at de lokale myndigheder i almindelighed kun tager få initiativer i kunstneriske spørgsmål, men henholder sig til Arts Councils beslutninger.
A Gulbenkian Foundation study run in 1974-75 showed that the local authorities tend to take very little initiative in the field of art and simply follow Arts Council decisions.
Kunstbudgetterne er beskedne, dog med undtagelse af nogle counties. Af 87 lokale institutioner er kommunalbestyrelserne i Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Waterford, Meath og Kilkenny ifølge denne rapport de eneste, der fører en regelmæssig økonomisk po litik med hensyn til kunstlivet: Understøttelse af festivaler på lokalt plan, vedligeholdelse af et kunstgalleri eller et museum, foredragsprogram osv. Cork Corporation har f.eks. anvendt 6 000 IRL på kunst i 1§")5 og lønner en fast tjenestemand for kunstadministration.
The art budgets in all but a few counties are small and only the municipal authorities of Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Waterford, Meath and Kilkenny (and there are 87 local institutions in all) have any con sistent art policy involving subsidizing local arts festivals, running a gallery or a museum, organizing a lecture programme, etc. Cork Corporation, for example, spent IRL 6 000 on the arts in 1975 and pays a permanent arts officer.
Dublin Corporation bidrager ekonomisk til de fleste af byens kunstbegivenheder og støtter delvis Project Arts Centre.
Dublin corporation makes a financial contribution to most art events in the town and partially subsidizes the Project Arts Centre.
Kildare kommune har opbygget en kunstsamling, og en række lokale myndigheder har tilsluttet sig Joint Purchase Scheme (se 4.2) til indkøb af værker. ker.
The Kildarc author ities have built up a collection of art works and a certain number of local authorities have availed themselves of the Joint Purchase Scheme (4.2) to obtain works.
Den private kunststøtte er forholdsvis udbygget i Irland.
Private patronage in Ireland is fairly well developed.
Der findes ikke private fonde, men nogle internationale fonde som Gulbenkian Foundation eller Carnegie Trust yder regelmæssig økonomisk støtte.
There aro no private foundations, but a number of international ones, the Gulbenkian Foundation and the Carnegie Trust, for example, provide regular financial support.
Med hensyn til virksomhedernes kunststøtte havde 72 af de handelsvirksomheder, hvortil man henvendte sig under den førnævnte undersøgelse (2), bidraget økonomisk til en kunstbegivenhed eller til driften af en kunstinstitution.
As far as patronage from the business world is concerned, the same survey1 revealed that 72 of the firms contacted had made financial contributions to an event or towards the running of an art institution.
Beløbet for disse gaver androg 214 000 IRL for året 1973-1974 (alle discipliner under ét). Bank of
These donations amounted to IRL 214 000 in 1973-74 (all branches of art).
Virksomhedernes kunststøtte finansierer imidlertid fortrinsvis festivaler, musik og teater, i ringe grad bildende kunst.
- Ill - age tends to go as a matter of priority to festivals, music and the theatre and very little to the plastic arts.
De lokale amatørforeningers betydelige udvikling har ganske afgjort bidraget til at øge virksomhedernes kunststøtte i de senere år.
The considerable development of local amateur societies has certainly helped increase patronage from firms in recent years.
I øvrigt arrangerer visse udenlandske ambassaders kulturafdelinger (som Goethe Institute i Dublin) udstillinger eller foredrag og uddeler undertiden rejse stipendier til kunstnere.
Furthermore, some of the foreign embassies' cultural services (such as the Goethe Institute in Dublin) run exhibitions and lectures and occasionally of fer travel grants for artists.
Der eksisterer 33 kommercielle gallerier i hele Irland, hvoraf 21 findes i Dublin. Denne procentdel viser med al tydelighed markedets meget store koncentration i hovedstaden.
There are 32 commercial art galleries in the whole of the republic and 21 of them are in Dublin, figures which serve to illustrate to what extent the art market is concentrated in the capital.
Til denne centralisation må føjes den kendsgerning, at skønt kunstmarkedet er temmelig udbygget på det hjemlige plan, lider det meget under Irlands ømæssige beliggenhed.
In addition to this, there is the fact that, although the domestic art market is fairly well developed, it certainly suffers from Ireland's geographical situation.
Bortset fra udvekslingen med Nordirland -der er omfattende - har irske kunstnere kun ringe mulighed for at eksportere deres kunstneriske frembringelser og gøre dem kendt i udlandet.
Apart from the many opportunities for exchanges with Northern Ireland, the republic's artists have few possibilities cf exporting their work and of getting a name for themselves abroad.
Det står alligevel fast, at bildende kunst inden for landets grænser er temmelig gunstigt stillet: Et stort antal gallerier (i Dublin har tre gallerier specialiseret sig i avantgardekunst), tradition for private samlere, der køber irsk nutidskunst, publikums interesse for skabende kunst.
Nevertheless, at home, the situation is relatively favourable to the plastic arts - there are many galleries (three of the Dublin ones specialize in avantgarde works), there are traditionally a number of private collectors who purchase contemporary Irish art and the general public is interested in artistic creation.
Derimod ligger dagsprisen langt under andre landes (ganske vist med undtagelse af et yderst ringe antal meget berømte kunstnere).
Hov/ever, prices are very much lower than in the other countries discussed -although a very small number of very well-known artists are an exception to this rule.
Der findes ingen presse, som har specialiseret sig i bildende kunst og som følge deraf meget få kunstkritikere.
There are no specialized publications on plastic art and very few art critics altogether.
Man bør dog fremhæve en revy, Art about Ireland, der ved sin grundlæggelse nærmest behandlede kunstindustri, men nu synes at orientere sig mod nutidig bildende kunst.
However, we should mention Art about Ireland, which used to deal more with craft and now seems to be turning towards contemporary plastic art.
Der findes i Irland ikke foreninger af bildende kunstnere af samme type som dem, man træffer i Storbritannien (foreninger som henvender sig til kunstnere i en bestemt hensigt: opnåelse af atelierer, juridisk oplysningscenter, forening for arbejde i fællesskab ...).
Ireland has no artists' associations of the kind that exist in the United Kingdom (i.e. organizations dealing with specific problems like finding studios, providing legal advice, etc.).
Mens musikere og skuespillere er sammen sluttet i fagforeninger (Irish Actors Equity Association og Irish Federation of Musicians and Associated Professions), findes der ingen fagforeninger for bildende kunstnere med landsomfattende tilslutning.
Although there are unions for musicians and actors (The Irish Actors Equity Association and the Irish Federation of Musicians and Associated Professions), there are no nationwide organizations of this type for plastic artists.
Derimod træffer man et temmelig stort antal amatørforeninger, ca. fyrre for billedhuggerkunst og maleri. Disse foreninger, der stiftes på lokalt plan, vidner om et gennemsnitspublikums interesse for kunst.
However, there is a fairly large number (40 or so, fgr sculptors and artists) of societies of art lovers, which have been set up locally and show what in terest the man-in-the-street has in the arts.
De er dog mere talrige for de øvrige kunstdiscipliner, især teater og musik.
However, many more of these societies have been set up to cover other branches of the arts, particularly drama and music.
Arts Centres svarer i nogen grad til det formål at samle kunstnerne, skønt de først og fremmest henvender sig til publikum.
Although the Arts Centres are primarily for the general public, they do act as meeting places for artists to a certain extent.
De oprettes ofte på initia-
The Project Arts Centre in Dublin is perhaps the
114 - tiv af en kunstner eller en gruppe kunstnere til fremme af avantgarde-frembringelser på lokalt plan. Project Art Centre i Dublin turde være det bedste eksempel.
Page 114
Foruden at fungere som udstillings- og formidlingssted varetager det kontakten mellem irske og udenlandske kunstnere ved at finansiere visse kunst aktiviteter, især optræden.
112 best example of this - as well as housing exhibitions, etc., it ensures con tact between Irish and foreign artists by financing certain creations, particularly stage performances.
I Irland sidestilles den bildende kunstner med den selvstændige erhvervsdrivende med hensyn til sygesikring, alderspension og arbejdsløshedsunderstøttelse.
Plastic artists in Ireland are considered to be selfemployed when it comes to health insurance, old-age pensions and unemployment benefits.
Hvis kunstneren i løbet af skatteåret har haft en indkomst på under 5 000 IRL afholdes udgifterne ved sygdom (en del af omkostningerne ved hospitalsindlæggelse og til medicin) af staten.
Artists who earn less than IRL 5 000 during the tax year get their medical expenses (part of the costs of hospital treatment and medicines) paid by the State.
Hvis hans indkomst har overskredet denne loftsgrænse, betaler han en procentdel af lægeudgifterne, en procentdel der beregnes i forhold til hans indkomst.
If they earn more than this, they are expected to pay an earnings-related percentage of the costs.
Aldersforsikring for kunstnere er-for tiden under overvejelse.
Old-age pensions for artists are currently under discussion.
Ved en ændring af Arts Acts i 1966 oprettedes der en særlig fond (Ciste Cholmcille), der skulle udbetale alderdomsydelser til de dårligst stillede kunstnere.
In 1966, an amendment to the Arts Acts set up a special fund (the 'Ciste Cholmcille') to pay old-age allowances to the worst-off artists.
Denne fond, bestående af kunstnernes bidrag og offentlig finansiering, skulle ifølge loven placeres i statsobligationer. Kun indtægten fra disse obligationer kunne an vendes af Arts Council til udbetaling af ydelser.
This fund, set up from artists' contributions and public financing, was, according to the law, intended to be included in the State shares and only the income from the shares to be used by the Arts Council to pay allowances.
Disse indtægter viste sig faktisk at være alt for små til at danne grundlag for vedvarende pensioner og hjælp til kunstnere (kun et dusin kunstnere har haft gavn af Ciste Cholmcille siden dens oprettelse).
However, the in come has proved far too small to cater for a coherent allowances and aid pro gramme (only a dozen artists have benefited since the Ciste Cholmcille was set up).
Regeringen påtænker derfor i overensstemmelse med Arts Council at udarbejde en lovændring.
The government is therefore planning, with the agreement of the Arts Council, to change the law.
For øjeblikket har gamle kunstnere med en indkomst på under 2 000 IRL årligt ret til en ydelse på 15 IRL ugentligt.
At the moment, elderly artists with incomes of less than IRL 2 000 p.a. are entitled to an allowance of IRL 15 per week.
I øvrigt betaler nogle kunstnere bidrag efter en anden ordning end den for selvstændige erhvervsdrivende gældende el ler endog præmier til en privat forsikring. I så fald modtager de alderdomsydelser beregnet efter bidragene.
Certain artists pay in to schemes other than the scheme for selfemployed workers and even to private schemes, in which case they get old-age pensions that are calculated on the basis of what they have contributed.
Selvstændige erhvervsdrivende har ikke ret til arbejdsløshedsunderstøttelse.
Selfemployed workers are not entitled to unemployment benefits.
For at kunne nyde godt af arbejdsløshedsunderstøttelse skal kunstneren bevise, at han har haft lønnet beskæftigelse i mindst det sidste halve år.
If they are to obtain unemployment benefits, artists have to prove they have been in salaried employment for at least six months.
I så tilfælde har han, afhængigt af sin tidligere indkomst, ret til dels en offentlig hjælp (dole) på 15 IRL ugentligt, dels til arbejdsløshedsunderstøttelse (unemployment benefits) på 22 IRL ugentligt.
If they can do so, they either get the dole, which is IRL 15 per week, or unemployment benefits proper, which are IRL 22 per week, depending on their previous earnings.
Gengivelsesrettigheder : Irland har tiltrådt den internationale konvention om beskyttelse af gengivelsesrettigheder.
Copyright - Ireland is covered by the International Copyright Convention but it has no copyright society to collect fees.
Dog tilbagebetaler Arts Council kunstneren 5% af videresalgsprisen for et værk inden for rammerne af Arts Councils salg af værker til offentlige organer (Joint Purchase Scheme).
However, the Arts Council pays the artist 5% of any work resold under the Joint Purchase Scheme.
Ved Finance Art af 1969 (afdeling 2) giver den irske regering fuld skattefritagelse for indtægter, der stammer fra kunstværker.
Under Section Two of the Finance Act of 1969, the Irish Government accords total tax relief on all income derived from works of art.
Det må imidlertid bemærkes, at kun meget få bildende kunstnere (i modsætning til forfatterne) har tilstrækkelig stor kunstnerindkomst til at nyde gavn af denne skattefordel.
However, it should be noted that very few plastic artists (unlike writers) have enough income from their art work to qualify for tax exemption.
Momsen er 10% for tjenesteydelser og 20% for varer.
VAT is 10% on services and 20% on goods.
Kunstneren er momspligtig, såfremt hans indkomst i en eller flere perioder på to måneder - momsberegningerne inddeler skatteåret i seks perioder på to måneder - overstiger 1 500 IRL for salg af varer (moms på 20%) eller 500 IRL for tjenesteydelser (moms: 10%).
The artist has to be registered with the VAT authorities if, for one or more two-month periods (the tax year is divided into six two-month periods for VAT purposes), his income is more than IRL 1 500 from the sale of goods (VAT 20%) and/or IRL 500 from services (VAT 10%).
Dette system er yderst ugunstigt for kunstnerne, som må betale moms af salg af værker på f.eks. en udstilling, mens de måske ikke har anden indkomst re sten af året.
This system is a drawback for artists who have to pay VAT on sales made at exhibitions, for example, when they may well have no other form of income for the rest of the year.
Kunstneren er ligeledes momspligtig, når han sælger direkte fra atelieret.
The artist has to pay VAT on a regular basis when he sells works direct to the customer in his studio.
I praksis har skattevæsenet imidlertid hidtil vist sig fra den lemfældeige side, og de fleste kunstnere har aldrig betalt moms.
In practice, however, the tax commission has so far been fairly lax and most artists have never paid VAT.
Arts Council er det eneste organ, der regelmæssigt uddeler stipendier eller individuel hjælp.
The Arts Council is the only organization offering grants and individual aid on a regular basis.
De tidligere nævnte mæcener (se 1.2) træder kun lejligheds-
The patrons mentioned earlier (1.2) cnly intervene in specific projects and their aid cannot therefore be mentioned here.
- 116 vis til ved specielle projekter; denne hjælp skal derfor ikke omtales her.
Page 116
- specialhjælp på et temmelig lille beløb, bestemt til udførelse af atelierarbejder eller indkøb af materialer;
The amount of grants and specific aid is fixed in the light of demands submitted by artists and the type of work they envisage doing.