natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
— Det er obligatorisk at offentliggøre en udbudsbekendtgørelse i De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende, der indeholder oplysninger om de frister, der skal overholdes, således at buddene kan udarbejdes under de bedste betingelser.
(iii) Tenders must be advertised in the Official Journal, with minimum periods allowed until the closing date and maximum periods observed for the provision of documentation by authorities, so that bidders have sufficient time to prepare their bids.
— Direktiverne indeholder endelig fælles regler for deltagelse i udbud og for tildelingen af kontrakterne.
(iv) The directives also list the only grounds on which bidders (or applicants to bid in selective tenders) may be disqualified or eliminated and the only criteria that may be applied in awarding contracts.
— Følgende sektorer omfattes ikke af direktiverne: transportsektoren, produktion/transport/distribution afvand og energi samt telekommunikation (sidstnævnte sektor om fattes dog af direktivet vedrørende bygge- og anlægsarbejder).
(v) Public water and energy utilities and public transport and telecommunications services are excluded (telecommunications only from the procurement rules, not from the public works provisions).
Ved et direktiv fra 1980 ') tilpasses og suppleres visse aspekter af grunddirektivet fra 1977 for at integrere den internationale aftale, der er indgået i GATT om statslige indkøb, og som Kommissionen har tilsluttet sig, i fællesskabsretten.
In 1980 the 1977 procurement directive was amended to adapt EC law to the GATT Agreement on Government Procurement to which the European Community was a signatory.1The GATT Code commits governments not to practise discrimination against foreign suppliers in the procurement decisions of central government agencies (a list of EC government agencies subject to the Code is given in an appendix to the directive).2 As far as defence procurement is concerned, the code only applies to certain listed products.
Efter denne kodeks, ifølge GATT's terminologi, kan leverandører, der er statsborgere i signatarstaterne uden for skelsbehandling byde i forbindelse med udbud, der sættes i gang af enheder, der udelukkende henhører under centralmyndighederne (en liste over disse enheder i EF-landene findes i bilaget til direktivet2).
The rules applicable to procurement subject to the GATT Code are slightly different from the general EC rules and they apply from a lower contract value threshold.
For forsvarets vedkommende gælder aftalen kun for levering af visse produkter, der er opført i direktivets bilag.
The range of contracts covered has recently been extended and the value threshold further lowered by a Protocol which was passed into EC law by a decision of the Council of Ministers taken in November 1987 and which came into effect on 14 February 1988.
En protokol er trådt i kraft den 14. februar 1988, der tager sigte på en forbedring af aftalen især ved en udvidelse af de kontrakttyper, der omfattes og en yderligere nedsættelse af tærskelværdien.
The exclusion of public utilities, which generate a considerable volume of business for materials and equipment suppliers and construc tion firms, has proved to be a major loophole.
Denne protokol blev overført til fællesskabsretten ved Rådets afgørelse af november 1987.
But a large part of the blame must lie with the recession which hung over Europe through most of the 1970s following the first oil crisis.
Det må dog erkendes, at disse bestemmelser ikke altid har ført til det ønskede resultat.
This brought the process of European integration to a halt after the rapid start made with the establishment of a customs union.
De offentlige myndigheder har alt for ofte favoriseret indenlandske virksomheder og und-
The assimilation of new member countries into the Community added to these difficulties.
1980). -I Denne liste findes i bilaget til nærværende brochure.
1) Reproduced as Appendix II to this brochure.
Det skal dog understreges, at den ikke er ajourforl pa grund af visse ændringer i medlemsstaterne.
The list is not completely up to date owing to intervening changes in national administrations.
Den økonomiske tilbagegang som følge af oliekrisen har ramt medlemsstaterne hårdt og har således bidraget til at bremse den europæiske samling, der trods alt var godt i gang med den hurtige gennemførelse af toldunionen.
guarantee complete transparency in tendering and award procedures, so that often there was no way of detecting, let alone preventing, discrimination against foreign firms.
En øget liberalisering af disse kontrakter kræver, at de hyppigste og alvorligste overtrædelser af EF-reglerne om offentlige aftalerforfølges.
A survey of the commonest and most serious breaches of the EC rules was therefore seen as a priority if the public procurement and construction markets were to be opened up.
Kommissionen er i øvrigt ved at gen nemføre en række punktaktioner med henblik på at få medlemsstaterne til at overholde de mest følsomme EF-bestemmelser.
The Commission has begun a series of test cases against member governments whose authorities are suspected of having broken certain key provisions.
Den har derved især konstateret følgende:
The main violations it has encountered include:
— der foretages ikke offentliggørelse i De Europæiske Fællesskabers Tidende — undtagelsesprocedurerne misbruges
(i) failure to advertise contracts in the Official Journal; (ii) abuse of the exceptions permitting single tendering;
— administrative, finansielle, økonomiske og tekniske klausuler indsættes i udbudsbe kendtgørelserne, især forpligtelse til at anvende standarder, derer uforenelige med fællesskabsretten lesskabsretten
(iii) discriminatory administrative, financial or technical requirements in tenders, especially the insistence on compliance with national standards where EC law does not allow this;
— bydende og ansøgere fra andre medlemsstater end den ordregivende myndigheds udelukkes ulovligt, f.eks. ved fastsættelse af diskriminirende udvælgelseskriterier
(iv) the illegal disqualification or elimination of bidders or applicants to bid from other Member States, for example by discriminatory selection criteria;
Kommissionen har især til hensigt at styrke det element i den gældende EF-ret, som vedrører klager og sanktioner i forbindelse med overtrædelser.
long procedures have to be followed which will usually mean that action comes too late to avert the damage.
De eventuelle muligheder — når de findes, hvilket ikke er tilfældet i alle landene — for, at en entreprenør, der mener sig urimeligt udelukket fra en kontrakt, kan klage, er forskellige i medlemsstaterne.
There is, however, widespread ignorance in the business community of the means of legal redress already available.
Kommissionen bestræber sig på, at de informeres bedre.
The Commission intends to mount information campaigns to rectify this.
D — Kommissionens nye initiativer
D. The Commission's reform package
Kommissionen har i erkendelse både af den økonomiske og industrielle betydning af en reel liberalisering af de offentlige kontrakter og af behovet for at forbedre gældende lov givning i marts 1987 forelagt et program til en fællesskabsaktion.
The Commission saw that, vital though the opening up of public procurement and con struction markets was both for the EC economy in general and for European industry, the current legislation needed inprovement if it was to succeed in this aim. In March 1987 the Commission therefore came forward with a reform package.
I dens øjne er det således klart, at de store principper om fri bevægelighed, der danner grundlaget for Fællesmarke det, må overholdes bedre i forbindelse med offentlige kontrakter.
The time had come to insist that the three great free-trading principles on which the common market is based were applied also by publicsector purchases of goods and services.
Det første princip er forbuddet mod foranstaltninger, der på en eller anden måde fører til, at varer hindres i at overskride grænserne mellem medlemsstaterne.
The first of these principles is the prohibition of measures that by one means or another restrict trade in goods between Member States.
Her tænkes både på forbud mod og hindringer for import og på lovgivningsmæssige bestemmelser med lig nende indirekte virkning. Eksempel: det kræves, at et bestemt produkt overholder standarder, som kun indenlandske producenter kan overholde.
This includes not only direct restrictions on imports but also regulations or requirements that indirectly have the same effect as import restrictions.
Denne ret betyder, at begrænsninger, der udelukkende eller i højere grad rammer udlændinge end indlændinge er forbudt.
This 'freedom of establishment' means that no special or more onerous requirements may be placed on foreign businesses resident or wishing to take up residence in a Member State which is not their own than apply to the Member State's nationals.
Der tænkes her på opholdstilladelser, tungere skattebyrder osv.
Examples of such prohibited requirements are restrictions on residence, different tax treatment, etc.
Tredje princip vedrører fri bevægelighed for tjenesteydelser. Herefter skal der på samme måde kunne ydes tjenester i en anden medlemsstat.
Finally, there is the principle that no restrictions may be placed on non-resident businesses providing services in other Member States.
Kommissionens handlingsprogram skal gennemføres på fire fronter, nemlig:
The Commission's reform package called for action on four fronts:
— gennemskueligheden af procedurerne skal forbedres ved en tilpasning af de bestående direktiver om bygge- og anlægsarbejder.
(i) to make tendering and award procedures more transparent, by overhauling the ex isting legislation (this has already been completed in the case of the procurement directive);
Som tidligere anført er direktiverne om ind køb allerede tilpasset.
(ii) to introduce rules for EC-wide competitive tendering in the sectors excluded from the original legislation;
— procedurerne for tildeling af kontrakter i de undtagne sektorer skal harmoniseres
(iii) to open up procurement of services to a greater extent than provided for under the current legislation;
— offentlige aftaler skal ligeledes omfatte tjenesteydelser ud over, hvad der er fastsat i de bestående direktiver
(iv) to tighten up enforcement.
— kontrollen med overholdelsen af gældende bestemmelser skal forstærkes.
Last but not least, more attention was to be given to the interests of small to medium-sized firms, so that they, too, and not only the very large firms, obtain their fair share of public procurement and construction business.
EF-Ministerrådet vedtog den 22. marts 1988 et nyt direktiv om offentlige indkøbskontrakter '), der medfører en udvidelse og stramning af det oprindelige direktiv.
On 22 March 1988 the EC Council passed a new directive which tightens up and clarifies the EC rules on public procurement of supplies and equipment.1 The main changes, chiefly designed to increase transparency, are as follows:
De væsentligste ændringer især med henblik på at gøre procedurerne i forbindelse med ordretildelingen mere gennemsigtige er føgende:
(i) Purchasing authorities will have to publish advance information about their pro curement programmes for the following year and after awarding each contract will have to publish a report.
— De ordregivende myndigheder skal på forhånd offentliggøre deres programmer og tidsplaner for indkøb og give de nødvendige oplysninger om de kontrakter, som de har til hensigt at indgå.
(ii) A new procedure of negotiation with several suppliers, selected on the basis of the technical criteria laid down in the directive, replaces 'single tendering' (i.e. negotiation with only one supplier) as an alternative to formal competitive tendering in certain exceptional circumstances.
— Der indføres en procedure med udbud efter forhandling, hvor den ordregivende myndighed på grundlag af direktivets kriterier på forhånd kan udvælge flere leverandører, som får lov til at deltage i forhandlingen af kontrakten, der derefter frit tildeles.
(iii) The sectors exempt from the rules are more strictly defined, as are the circumstances in which single tendering is still permissible.
— Der fastsættes en mere præcis definition for de organer, der er undtaget fra direktivet, ligesom for underhåndsaftaler.
(iv) The minimum periods before the closing dates for bids or (in selective tenders) applications to bid are increased.
— Fristerne for indgivelsen af bud forlænges. — Henvisningen til europæiske tekniske standarder bliver obligatorisk.
(v) Tenders must specify European standards if these exist.
Et lignende forslag til direktiv blev i december 1986 forelagt Rådet for at forbedre og til passe det oprindelige direktiv om bygge- og anlægskontrakter.
A similar draft for a new directive on public works and construction contracts has been before the Council since December 1986.
Det væsentligste nye i den ne forbindelse er følgende:
Its principal innovations are:
— Andre bestemmelser kommer til at svare til bestemmelserne i det nye direktiv om ind køb, feks. ordningen vedrørende förhandsinformation, de længere frister, begrænsningerne for de undtagelsesvise procedurer.
(ii) similar provisions to those in the new procurement directive on publication of advance information, increases in minimum time-limits, and restriction of the use of single tendering.
Liberalisering af de offentlige udbud i de store sektorer, der for tiden er undtaget
Opening up procurement and construction by the public utilities
Kommissionen vil udvide EF-bestemmelserne til at omfatte offentlige aftaler inden for fire store sektorer, der hidtil har været undtaget, nemlig: telekommunikation (udelukkende direktivet om offentlige indkøb), energi, vandforsyningog transport.
The Commission is pressing for the competitive tendering rules to be extended to the four large sectors which have so far been excluded: telecommunications (in the case of procure ment), energy, drinking water supply and transport.
Denne udvidelse vil få betydelige økonomiske følger, fordi det især er på disse områder, at det offentlige
This extension will have a significant economic impact because the markets for public utility purchasing and construction are large enough to provide a major boost to the international competitiveness of European firms.
kan tilbyde medlemsstaternes erhvervsliv ordrer af en størrelsesorden, der er tilstrækkelig til, at de kan styrke deres konkurrenceevne på verdensmarkederne.
Specific steps have also been taken to open up the market for procurement by public telecommunications network operators to suppliers from other EC countries. An EC
EF giver her telekommunikationssektoren en fremtrædende plads.
Council recommendation3 started the ball rolling.
Der er ligeledes truffet særlige foranstaltninger for at åbne adgangen til de kontrakter, der indgås af telekommunikationsvæsnerne.
Council Directive 86/361/EEC (Official Journal 1986, L 217, p. 21).
') direktiv 86/361/EØF. :l afgørelse 87/95/EØF.
Council Decision 87/95/EEC (Official Journal 1987, L 36, p. 31).
Det påtænkes at gennemføre en etapevis udvidelse af bestemmelserne i denne henstilling med henblik på virkeliggørelsen af det indre marked i 1992.
It is planned to increase this market opening in stages in time for the single European market by the end of 1992.
Desuden er det som led i kommende initiativer planlagt at åbne adgangen for virksomheder i EF til offentlige udbud på tjenesteydelsesområdet.
Finally, moves are planned in the near future to open up public procurement of services to EC-wide competition to a greater extent than is required under the current legislation.
Kommissionen foreslog den 1. juli 1987 et nyt direktiv, der skal hindre overtrædelser af reglerne om offentlige kontrakter.
In mid-1987 the Commission sent the Council a proposal for a new directive to improve the national remedies available to firms against breaches of the EC competitive tendering rules and to increase the scope for the Commission iteslf to intervene to prevent violations.
I direktivet foreslås det først og fremmest at pålægge medlemsstaterne at tilpasse deres retsprocedurer, således at bydende sikres effektiv og hurtig klageadgang over for udbuds procedurer, der klart er i modstrid med EF-retten.
The directive would require all EC countries to provide means ofquick and effective relief to firms through official complaints machinery or the courts.
Desuden skal indgivelsen af en klage til en medlemsstat sikre, at ulovlige beslutninger annulleres. Skadelidte leverandører og entreprenører skal ifølge direktivet have skadeserstatning.
Aggrieved suppliers or con tractors would be able to get decisions by government purchasers or contracting authorities set aside and to obtain damages.
Det er dog på trods heraf nødvendigt, at Kommissionen har et administrativt organ til sin rådighed, der kan intervenere, før det er for sent.
A streamlined procedure is proposed to allow the Commission itself to intervene before contracts are awarded.
Efter denne procedure skulle Kommissionen i hastetilfælde og ved klare påviste ulovligheder midlertidig kunne suspendere (højst 3 måneder) udbudsproceduren.
Where there have been clear breaches of the rules, the Commission would be able to order a three-months suspension of the award decision.
Information af og meningstilkendegivelser fra de involverede
Consulting and informing industry
Kommissionen har i sine bestræbelser på at udbygge EF-lovgivningen vedrørende offentlige kontrakter og få den anvendt med smidighed og under hensyn til alle økonomiske faktorer rådført sig med de berørte parter.
The Commission wants the EC rules to be sensible, to be flexibly applied and to take account of all relevant economic circumstances, and is therefore anxious to keep in touch with the views of industry.
Den nedsatte således i 1987 et rådgivende udi alg til fremme af adgangen til deltagelse i ojfentlige aftaler.
In 1987 it set up a committee (the Advisory Committee on the Opening Up of Public Procurement) composed of businessmen, industrialists and in dependent experts with wide experience of public purchasing and publicsector construc tion work to advise it on economic, technical, legal and social developments in the sector and to make industry itself better aware of the Community rules and the problems that can arise.
Dette udvalg består af uafhængige eksperter fra medlemsstaterne, der udnævnes personligt, og hvis faglige erfaring og kompetence er almindeligt anerkendt.
Firms can find out details of government contracts in other countries that are being put out to tender from national official gazettes and the EC official journal.
De repræsenterer områderne indkøb, bygge- og anlægsarbejder, tjenesteydelser samt offentlige udbud generelt.
All government tenders (procurement, construction and services) published in the Official Journal are now also on the TED (Tenders Electronic Daily) database, which is accessible through various host organizations.1 Another source of information on tenders are the Euro-In fo-Centres, of which a number have been operating since October 1987 under a pilot scheme. These stock the Official Journal and are linked to the TED system.2
Udvalgets opgave er at bistå Kommissionen i dens vurdering af de økonomiske, tekniske, juridiske og sociale for hold, der knytter sig til offentlige kontrakter samt at give de berørte erhvervskredse bedre mulighed for at forstå den problematik, der er forbundet med anvendelsen af fællesskabs reglerne på dette område.
For further information contact the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Sales Department, L2985 Luxembourg. For further information contact Commission of the European Communities, Small Firms Task Force, 200 Rue de la Loi, 1049 Brussels.
E — Fællesakten forstærker processen
B. The Single European Act smooths the way
Den Europæiske Fælles Akt trådte i kraft i juli 1987.
In July 1987 the 'Single European Act' came into force.
Den vil muliggøre fremskridt ved liberaliseringen af de offentlige kontrakter, fordi flere af bestemmelserne deri vil lette gen nemførelsen af Fællesskabets aktionsplan.
Its provisions will make progress towards opening up public procurement and construction markets easier.
Den er en ændring af EFTraktaterne og den måde, hvorpå Fællesskabet i fremtiden skal fungere, forbedres, samtidig med at dets aktivitetsområde udvides.
The Single Act is a set of amendments and additions to the European treaties, which were agreed to by the Member State governments after years of deliberations.
Det afsnit i Fællesakten, der vedrører det indre marked er det vigtigste.
The Act improves the internal working of the Community and extends its powers.
Datoen den 31. december 1992, der er fristen for det indre markeds virkeliggørelse, er fastsat deri, ligesom muligheden for at træffe beslutning med kvalificeret flertal om foranstaltninger om ind byrdes tilnærmelse af medlemsstaternes love og administrative bestemmelser med henblik på det indre markeds oprettelse og funktion.
To combat the widespread paralysis that had set in in EC decision-making, a new Article 100A of the EEC Treaty provides for decisions on measures connected with the establishment of an unified European market by 1992 to be taken by a weighted majority, rather than unanimously.
I afsnittet om forskning og udvikling i Akten fremhæves de offentlige udbuds betydning for at give europæisk industri det nødvendige teknologiske og videnskabelige grundlag på følgende måde:
Majority voting is also introduced for Community research and develop ment programmes, measures to improve 'economic and social cohesion' between the Community's Member States, and legislation on working conditions.
»Fællesskabet opmuntrer Fælleskabets virksomheder, herunder ..., i deres indsats for forskning og teknologisk udvikling, der støtter deres samarbejdsbestræbelser, idet det i
The Act's provisions on the creation of a single European market are among the most important of the whole instrument.
) Oplysninger kan fås ved henvendelse til Task Force Små og Mellemstore Virksomheder — Kommissionen for De Europæiske Fællesskaber, rue de la Loi 200, 1049 Bruxelles
A firm date of 31 December 1992 is set for doing away with the remaining internal barriers within the common market and most of the measures necessary for this purpose can be passed by weighted majority.
særdeleshed søger at gøre det muligt for virksomhederne fuldt ud at udnytte muligheder ne i Fællesskabets indre marked, især ved at skabe fri adgang til de enkelte landes offentlige indkøbsaftaler, ved at fastlægge fælles standarder, og ved at fjerne juridiske og fiskale hindringer for dette samarbejde«.
In its chapter on research and development, the Act stresses the importance of public pro curement: to strengthen the scientific and technological base of European industry, it says, the Community will support the efforts of firms to cooperate in order to exploit to the full the potential of the Community's internal market, in particular through the open ing up of national public contracts, the establishment of common standards and the removal of legal and tax barriers to such cooperation.
I Aktens afsnit om samordning af udenrigspolitikken, hedder det, at de kontraherende parter er »indstillet på at styrke samordningen af deres holdninger vedrørende de politiske og økonomiske aspekter af sikkerheden«.
In the new provisions on foreign policy cooperation, the Member States have undertaken to coordinate their positions more closely on the political and economic aspects of securi ty.
Det var derfor væsentligt, for bedre at få anvendt disse principper at få indført bestemmelser på EF-plan med et dobbelt formål, nemlig både at sikre lige vilkår ved deltagelsen i offentlige udbud og at gøre procedurerne ved ingåeisen af kontrakter gennemsigtige.
There were two objectives: to get governments to open up publicsector contracts to firms from other Member States and, having done that, to ensure that tendering and award procedures were correctly followed.