natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
De indeholder flere detaljer om de enkelte medlemsstaters aktioner, publikationer, forløbet, nationale statistikker, nøjagtig beskrivelse af projektet osv. I øvrigt har medlemsstaterne haft lejlighed til at revidere og eventuelt ændre deres egen rapport, inden den blev udgivet.
These also include greater detail on actions, publications, historical background, statistical data, project descriptions et al.
Der kan derfor forekomme divergenser mellem denne rapports oplysninger, som er taget fra første udgave af de nationale rapporter, og oplysningerne i de udgivne rapporter.
Moreover, the Member States have the opportunity to revise their reports prior to publication, so the published versions may differ in some details from the extracts included here, taken from their preliminary versions.
Ministrene har fået forelagt et dokument, der lægger rammen omkring overvejelserne. Formålet med dette dokument var at definere en fælles metode til at ordne dataene fra de enkelte medlemsstater, således at præsentationen kunne samordnes og gøres sammenlignelig. Princippet var at følge 1989-resolutionen punkt for punkt (titlerne i det følgende er også hentet fra resolutionen).
The Ministries were provided with a document outlining a format for their reflections, the objective of which was to define a common organisational framework for data submitted by the various States, in order to harmonise presentation and facilitate comparison.
I samme dokument anføres det, at rapporten om iværksættelsen af foranstaltningerne i resolutionen fra maj 1989 er udformet som en evaluering (punkt 2.3 i resolutionen), og at man med resultaterne af denne evaluering skulle kunne foretage eventuelle justeringer og give vejledning for videreførelsen af de gennemførte aktioner.
This document also reiterated that the report on the implementation of measures foreseen in the Resolution of May 1989 was - as specified in point 2.3. of the Resolution itself- intended as an evaluation, the findings of which should form a springboard for any necessary adjustments and provide guidelines for extending action.
Derfor skulle rapporten omfatte tre afsnit, nemlig: a - detaljeret beskrivelse af de gennemførte aktioner, b - analyse af aktionerne og status over de opnåede resultater, c - oversigt over vejledninger for arbejdet og projekter på kort, mellemlang og lang sigt.
Each national report was therefore required to cover three areas': a - a detailed description of actions undertaken; b - an analysis of these, and an assessment of their results c - an overview of working guidelines and of short-, medium-, and longterm projects.
Rapporten skulle således være en præsentation af nationale, regionale og lokale initiativer til gennemførelse af resolutionen.
The national reports were thus required to cover national, regional and local initiatives contributing, to the implementation of the Resolution.
Situationen i medlemsstaterne
National situations
I-1 Kort historisk gennemgang, geografisk fordeling, statistikker
1 - l - brief history, geographic distribution, statistics
Her skal kun anføres enkelte informationer og tanker taget fra de nationale rapporter med det formål at give et billede af tendenserne.
In the following paragraphs we have included only as much information and reflections from the national reports as suffice to indicate overall tendencies.
De statistiske informationer, der findes, fremgår af de nationale rapporter.
Statistical information, where available, is included in the national reports, as are historical data and relevant legislation.
Del samme gælder historiske data og nærmere oplysninger om den administrative status, som ofte er komplekse og ville nødvendiggøre en grundig undersøgelse på både nationalt og europæisk plan.
Quotations are followed by the first letter(s) of the country from whose national report they are taken. Belgium, administratively divided by language, submitted two reports, in Dutch (Bd) and French (Bf) respectively.
I Tyskland findes der ingen statistikker.
No statistics are available for Germany.
Det fremgår af rapporten, at visse sigøjnerorganisationer ikke ønsker udarbejdet statistikker om tilhørsforhold til noget bestemt samfund under henvisning til den negative anvendelse af statistiske data under nazi-regimet.
The report indicates that certain Gypsy organisations do not wish for statistics on ethnic status to be compiled, in view of the negative use which might be made of such information (as under the Nazi regime).
Det understreges i øvrigt, at sigøjnernes historie fortæller om permanent undertrykkelse. Siden det 15. århundrede og indtil i dag har Sinti-sigøjnerne og siden det 19. århundrede Romani-sigøjnerne enten lige netop været tålt eller direkte forfulgt.
The report indicates *hat Gypsy history is one of continuous oppression : from the 15th century in the case of the Sinti, and from the 19th in the case of the Rom, up to the present day, these communities have at best been tolerated, and often persecuted.
Her har skolen som institution været brugt som et statsligt undertrykkelsesinstrumenttil en tvungen indpasning i tyske normer. Derfor er den mistillid til skolevæsenet, som er overleveret fra generation til generation, fuldt forståelig.
In this context, the school has been employed as an instrument of oppression in the pursuit of forced adaptation; in this sense, mistrust of the institution has been passed from generation to generation and is very understandable.
Befolkningen af Sinti- og Romani-sigøjnere anslås til mellem 110.000 og 120.000 personer.
The Sinti and Roma population is estimated at approximately 110,000-120,000.
De fleste rapporter fremhæver betydningen af de forfølgelser, sigøjnerne har været udsat for i århundreder, efterfulgt af store, politiske krav om tvangsassimilation. Det er dermed ikke svært at forstå, hvorfor skolen vækker "angst og mistillid" (B(nl)) som institution fra en ukendt verden.
The majority of the national reports stress the significance of the persecution to which Gypsies and Travellers have been subject over the centuries, and of draconian assimilation policies.
Rapporterne fra flere lande fortæller endvidere, hvor vanskeligt det er at finde statistikker.
Many national reports mention the difficulty in obtaining statistics.
"Sigøjnersamfundenes børn i den skolepligtige alder er aldrig blevet optalt." (B(fr)).
"No census has ever been made of the Gypsy population of school age" (Bf).
Der findes heller ingen statistikker i den flamskstalende del af Belgien. Derfor er identifikationen vanskelig.
There are no statistics available for Dutch-speaking Belgium either.
Mange af de sigøjnere, der bor i huse, opdages kun ved tilfældigheder.
A significant number of house-dwelling Gypsies' and Travellers' identity is not known: their presence is discovered by accident.
Sigøjnerne har ikke en fælles boligform eller nationalitet, men en fælles kultur.
Gypsies are united more by their shared culture than by nationality or type of dwelling.
Grupper på gennemrejse, der kun bliver en tid lang. foreligger del ingen oplysninger om.
There is no* information concerning transient groups which may stay for a longer or shorter period.
Man anslår, at antallet af sigøjnere i Belgien ligger mellem 10.000 og 15.000 (i Flanderen ca. 4.000, hvortil kommer dem på gennemrejse, f.eks. ca. 1.800 i Limburg-provinsen mellem marts og oktober 1991).
The overall number of Gypsies and Travellers in Belgium is of
Ingen officielle statistikker i Grækenland, hvor del i en vurdering fra 1984 anslås, at der lindes mellem 120.000 og 150.000 sigøjnere i landet.
There are no official statistics for Greece, where an estimate carried out in 1984 put the Gypsy population there at somewhere between 120,000 and 150,000 persons.
I Danmark findes der ingen statistikker, men kun skøn. F.eks. ved man. at ca. 300 sigøjnerbørn går i skole i Helsingør kommune.
There are estimates, but no statistics, for Denmark : for example approximately 300 Gypsy children enrolled in the schools of the Helsingør district.
I den irske rapport hedder det om rejsefolk "at de danner en klart adskilt, elnisk gruppe".
With regard to Travellers, the Irish report indicates that "they are clearly a distinct ethnic group".
En optælling fra 1986 viser, at rejsefolk omfatter næsten 16.000 individer, hvis gennemsnitsalder ligger på ca. 18 år.
A census carried out in 1986 indicates that the Traveller community comprises some 16,000 individuals, with the median age at about 18.
Et aktuelt skøn anslår, at rejsefolkene i 1993 omfatter ca. 24-25.000 individer.
A more recent survey (1993) puts the Traveller population at about 24-25,000.
Antallet af nomader og nu fastboende er svært at fastslå.
Lack of data, the range of different situations, the fact that a good part of the Gypsy and Traveller population remains invisible - all of these factors make it difficult to establish how many are nomadic, and how many sedentary.
Der mangler dala, forholdene skifter og en stor del af disse grupper forbliver usynlige i befolkningen Selv i lande, hvor mobiliteten er meget lav, ses der alligevel en vis vandring mellem regionerne eller inden for regionerne.
Even in those States where sedentarism is strongest, there is a degree of migration from region to region, or within regions.
I Det Forenede Kongerige opgav Miljøministeriet i juli 1993 antallet af beboelsesvogne for sigøjnere og andre rejsefolk til 12.810. I Nordirland opgav Advisory Committee on Travellers, at der var 239 familier med 1.115 individer, og Scottish Office havde registreret 779 familier med ca. 3.000 individer.
In the United Kingdom, in July 1993, the Ministry of the Environment (England and Wales) gave the number of Gypsy and Traveller caravans as 12,810; the Advisory Committee on Travellers gave the Northern Ireland figures as 239 families comprising 1,115 persons, and the Scottish Office counted 779 families with approximately 3,000 persons.
Naturligvis er alle disse data kun tilnærmelsesvise, bl.a. fordi sigøjnere og andre rejsefolk, der nu er bofaste og bor i huse, kun sjældent eller slet ikke indgår i optællingerne.
It is quite clear that these figures are merely indicative, and that few if any sedentary, house-dwelling Gypsies and Travellers are included.
I Italien er der 90.000-100.000 sigøjnere, og i Nederlandene er der optalt 35.000 omrejsende, hvoraf ca. 5500 er børn i den skolepligtige alder.
The Traveller population of the Netherlands comprises some 35.000 individuals, of whom approximately 5.500 are children of compulsory school age.
Hertil kommer 3.000 sigøjnere af nederlandsk nationalitet med ca. 600 horn i den skolepligtige alder.
To these figures must be added some 3,000 Gypsies of Dutch nationality, of whom some 600 are children of compulsory school age.
Det er i øjeblikket sigøjnergruppen, der har den største vækst.
This latter group is currenüy showing the strongest growth rate.
Vi har indledt denne fælles rapport med et globalt overblik. Den viser, at vurderingerne stemmer ganske godt overens, idet tallene fra de nationale vurderinger harmonerer med dem, man når frem til ved at samkøre andre kilder.
The first few pages of this Community report gave an overview of the European Gypsy and Traveller population: as we see. figures given in the national reports and those from other sources are in broad agreement.
I adskillige rapporter omtales nylige vandringer og asylansøgninger. Det er f.eks. tilfældet for Tyskland, Belgien (både den flamsk- og den fransktalende del), Danmark, Frankrig og Italien.
Many reports also draw attention to recent immigration and demands for asylum : French- and Dutch-speaking Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy...
Tallene bekræfter endvidere, at der er tale om unge befolkninger, idel mere end halvdelener under 16-17 år.
The figures submitted also confirm the youth of this population : over half are under 16 or 17.
I Spanien anslås det f.eks. i 1990, at 70% af dem er under 25 år.
In Spain, for example, 70% are under 25, according to an estimate carried out in 1990.
Hvor mange born modtager/modtager ikke undervisning?, fordeling på aldersgrupper, udviklingen i deres situation
I - 2 - how many children in school, how many not attending, by age group; how the situation is developing
"Anallåbeiismeer normalt blandt sigøjnere" "næ-sten ingen af eleverne når længere end underskoleniveauet. Resultatet er en vedholdende analfabetisme" (B(fr)).
"Illiteracy is the normal situation among the Gypsies"; "virtually no pupil goes beyond primary level: persistent illiteracy is the result" (Bf).
I den fransktalende del af Belgien har man foretaget en undersøgelse blandt 323 mennesker, og heraf fremgår, at lire ud af fem er analfabeter, at 101 ud af 112 horn ikke har et læseniveau svarende til deres alder (dvs. 90% af de unge), og at 52 af dem kan slel ikke læse eller skrive.
In French-speaking Belgium a study covering 323 Gypsies and Travellers revealed that 4 out of 5 were illiterate; that 101 of the 112 children (or 90% of the youngsters) were behind the literacy attainment norms for their age group, and that 52 of them had no grasp whatever of reading and writing.
Hvad andre rejsefolk angår, er 58,3% funktionelle analfabeter (B(nl)).
58.3% of the Traveller population are functionally illiterate" (Bd).
En undersøgelse blandt 551 børn i den skolepligtige alder viser, at 70% af dem i gennemsnit går i skole mindst to dage om ugen, hvilket svarer til 19% af børnene for Romani-sigøjnerne, 81% for Sinti-sigøjnerne og 95% for andre rejsefolk (B(nl)).
A study covering 551 children of compulsory school age reveals that on average 70% of them attend school at least two days per week : this breaks down as 19% of the Rom children, 81% of the Manouches, and 95% of the Travellers (Bd).
Nogle rapporter - f.eks. fra den fransktalende del af Belgien - indeholder en analyse af baggrunden for den manglende skolegang og den høje analfabetisme.
Certain reports, for example that from French-speaking Belgium, include an analysis of the conditions and reasons behind low school attendance and illiteracy; their observations should therefore be included here.
Den øgede skolegang har især kunnet konstateres på folkeskoleniveau i de sidste ti år.
Increased school attendance over the past ten years has mainly been in connection with primary level.
I den flamsktalende del af Belgien når mødeprocenten f.eks. op på ca. 70% (med variationer, som f.eks. hos Romani-sigøjnerne, der for 19%s vedkommende går i skole mellem 40 og 100% af skoledagene, mens 80% af de andre rejsefolks børn møder mere end 4 dage om ugen).
For example, in Dutch-speaking Belgium school attendance is currendy about 70% (with variations : for example 19% of Rom children attend on 40-100% of school days, while 80% of Traveller children attend on average over 4 days per week).
Også i Spanien ser man øget tilgang i underskolen, medens der stadig kun er meget få sigøjnere i mellemskolen og gymnasiet.
In Spain too attendance at primary level has increased, but Gypsy attendance at secondary remains low, especially for girls.
Set under ét er tendensen den, at procenten af sigøjnerelever, der rykker op i næste klasse, falder hurtigt op igennem skolesystemet.
The overall tendency is that the number of Gypsy pupils going on to the next class decreases dramatically from one level to the next.
I den franske rapport fremhæves det især, at tallene fra undervisningsministrenes resolution var fuldt gyldige i 1989 (f.eks. at 30-40% af børnene i den skolepligtige alder gik nogenlunde regelmæssigt i skole, og at halvdelen af børnene aldrig fik undervisning).
The French report underlines that figures given in the Resolution adopted by the Ministers were quite valid at the time (1989) - for example the fact that 30-40% of school-age children attended with a degree of regularity, and half got no schooling at all.
Det viser sig imidlertid, at børnene i de seneste år går mere i skole, hvilket vi især kan tilskrive den bedre modtagelse, der nu bl.a. sikres gennem flere støttelærerstillingermed deraf følgende større smidighed og øget arbejdskapacitet i underskolen.
It appears, however, that school attendance has increased over the past few years thanks to improved provision, especially the development of posts for support teachers who bring great flexibility to. and augment the scholastic work potential of, teaching at primary level.
Modtagelse af dem, der kommer fra "indslusningsklasser" for fremmedsprogede børn giver også en gradvis tilpasning til skoleuniverset.
"Initiation classes" for recemly-arrived children who cannot speak French also make gradual adaptation to the world of the school easier.
De unge, der nu er mellem 12 og 16 år gamle, har næsten ikke været i berøring med underskolen, og kun meget få af dem går videre til mellemskole og gymnasium. Imidlertid vokser ønsket om videre skolegang i familier og organisationer, men
Today's 12-16 year olds got little or no primary schooling, and very few of them attend secondary.
Ifølge den danske rapport er alle hornene optaget i skolesystemet, og de kan opdeles i tre kategorier.
The Danish report indicates that all Gypsy children are covered by the school system, and that they can be subdivided into three categories.
Ca. en tredjedel gennemgår fra syvårs alderen og ni år frem det almindelige skoleforløb, der afsluttes med et diplom eller en faglig uddannelse (almen, teknisk eller erhvervsorienteret).
Approximately a third follow the normal 9-year school curriculum, starting at seven years of age and culminating in a diploma or vocational training (technical or commercial), or going on to higher general secondary.
Ca. en tredjedel har kun relative vanskeligheder, som skyldes, al de er fraværende i længere perioder f.eks. under rejser til Balkan, eller at forældrene fra en vis alder ikke godvilligt giver pigerne lov til at gå i skole.
Another third experience a degree of difficulty in relation to school, due for example to prolonged absences while visiting relatives back in the Balkans, and the fact that parents are reluctant to allow girls over a certain age to attend school.
Endelig har den sidste tredjedel større vanskeligheder og får særlig støtte i specielt oprettede klasser og hjælp fra socialarbejdere.
The final third experience more serious difficulties and are provided with extra support in specially-run classes, as well as help from social workers.
I den græske rapport hedder det, at der ikke findes samlede statistikker over skolegangen.
The Greek report indicates that no overall statistics on school attendance are available.
Det anslås, at i alt ca. 90% af sigøjnerbefolkningen er analfabeter, og observationerom en række individer kan give nogle retningslinjer.
Illiteracy among the Gypsy population at large can be estimated at 90%, and observation of a number of individuals gives an idea of the general picture.
Tager man f.eks. 1.067 børn over 6 år, har 18,2% gået i underskolen, 3 elever har afsluttet den, 1 elev har gennemført mellemskole og gymnasium, og 81,6% er analfabeter.
For example, among 1,067 persons over the age of 6,18.2% had attended or were attending primary, 3 had completed primary, one had completed secondary, and 81.6% were illiterate.
Vilkårene for skolegangen er vanskelige ikke mindst af følgende årsager:
School conditions are difficult, notably for the following reasons :
Der er ofte stor aldersforskel til klassekammeraterne (elever fra 12 til 16 år går i underskolen). Der er ofte kommunikationsvanskeligheder mellem skole og hjem, udelukkelse, manglende uddannelse hos underviserne, overfyldte klasser, og endelig er græsk ikke modersmålet.
- the teaching programme must motivate pupils into wanting to follow it; - many other factors combine to make schooling difficult, notably administrational problems due to not being registered in the municipality, intermittent attendance, the age gap between Gypsy pupils and the average class age (there are pupils aged 12-16 in the first class of primary), communication difficulties between school and family, rejection, lack of teacher training, overcrowded classrooms, the fact that Greek is not these children's first language, eie.
Den irske rapport indeholder en detaljeret, kronologisk beskrivelse af de foranstaltninger, der siden 1960 er truffet til fordel for omrejsende børn og unge.
The Irish report gives a detailed history of measures developed for Traveller children and youths from the 1960's to the present.
I Italien lader statistikkerne over sigøjnerbørns skolegang en del tilbage at ønske (f.eks. nævnes der for Sicilien i en nylig statistisk undersøgelse kun en enkelt skole med 6 sigøjnerbørn).
Italian statistics on school provision for Gypsy children are quite fragmentary (for example, for the whole of Sicily only a single school with 6 Gypsy pupils is mentioned in a recent statistical study).
Ydermere figurerer de børn, der er godt inde i skolesystemet, ikke i de statistikker, som skolerne eller myndighederne måtte have udarbejdet.
Tt should also be noted that, even when a given school or education authority does compile such statistics, children who are well integrated in the school system are not included.
Derimod indeholder den italienske rapport nøjagtige tal for sigøjnerbørnene, dvs. optælling pr. klasse, mødeprocent m.v.
The Italian report nonetheless gives precise data - by class, frequency of attendance etc. - for those Gypsy children who have been covered by censuses.
Heraf fremgår, at kun få af børnene når længere end underskolen. Af 1.814 børn i underskolen gik kun 193 videre i første mellemskoleklasse (Scuole Medie Inferiori).
It appears that few go on to secondary : for example, one regional study showed 1,814 Gypsy children in primary schools, but only 193 in Scuole Medie Inferiori ("junior" school, the first few years of secondary).
I øvrigt går børn, der anses for indmeldte, ikke nødvendigvis i skole, idet 15% af dem møder op mindre end 10 dage om året, og 20% af dem fra 11 til 71 dage.
Moreover, children may be counted as "enrolled" despite virtual non-attendance : 15% of them attend less than 10 days per year, and another 20% between 11-71 days.
Mange børn (ca. 40%) er bagud
Many - 40% - are behind the norm for their age group.
Del er vigtigt at bemærke, al de born, der går liere år i skole, bliver bedömt mere og mere positivi, hvilket viser, al de har succes oi» anstrenger sig for at klare sig på trods af de vanskeligheder, de må slås med.
- of secondary school age. enrolled in school 400 Italians 100 foreigners
En projektion for hele landet af en undersøgelse gennemfort i lem byer kan tjene som reference.
- of secondary school age, not enrolled in school 4.600 Italians 9.000 foreigners
I Nederlandene har skolegangen for sigøjnerbørn især udviklet sig siden halvfjerdserne, og der sker en langsom "integration" i de almindelige skoler. De skoler, der var bygget ved parkeringsområder for beboelsesvogne, opgives efterhånden.
School provision for Gypsy children in the Netherlands has mostly been developed since the 1970's, and "integration" with mainstream provision is slowly taking place; schools built on halting sites are gradually being closed down.
For tiden har den katolske pædagogiske central (Katholiek Pedagogisch Centrum - KPC) 26 projekter i gang.
The KPC {Katholiek Pedagogisch Centrum - Catholic Pedagogical Centre) is currendy running 26 projects.
På underskoleniveau går 2.781 rejsebørn i skole 645 steder. I mellemskolen undervises 1.073 rejsebørn 380 steder, og i gymnasiet følger 304 af disse elever undervisningen 99 steder, dvs. i alt 4.158 "rejse-elever" på 1.124 uddannelsessteder.
There are 2,781 Gypsy and Traveller children attending 645 primary schools, 1,073 in 380 junior secondary schools, and 304 at senior secondary levelin 99 schools : a total of 4,158 pupils in 1,124 establishments.
I Portugal anslås det, at ca. 5.000 sigøjnerbørn modtager undervisning, og under 5% af dem går videre til mellemskolen og gymnasiet.
In Portugal, an estimated 5,000 Gypsy children are in school, less than 5% of them at secondary.