natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Den 22. marts 1977 vedtog Rådet et direktiv om lettelser med hen blik på den faktiske udøvelse af advokaters fri udveksling af tjene steydelser (77/249/EØF, EFT L 78 af 26.03.1977).
The first stage of this directive concerns the establishment of a minimum training period of two years in general medicine; in the second stage, to follow in 1 January 1995, the Member States will make the right to practise general medicine under their national social security systems dependent on possession of qualifications showing that the holder has received specific training in general medical practice.
I august 1988 trådte desuden bestemmelserne om fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser i direktivet om fri bevægelighed og gensidig anerkendelse af eksamensbeviser inden for arkitekturområdet i kraft (85/384/EØF, EFT nr. L 223 af 21.08.1985).
In addition, in 1989 and 1990 directives were adopted amending previous Community legislation on the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications for certain medical, paramedical and pharmaceutical pro fessions and on the coordination of national provisions relating to these activities (89/594 and 89/595, OJ L 341 of 23.11.89 and 90/658, OJ L 353 of 17.12.90).
Til forskel fra etableringsretten er den frie udveksling af tjene steydelser ikke betinget af fast bopæl i den anden medlemsstat, men udøveren af det liberale erhverv har ret til midlertidig udøvelse af sin virksomhed i den anden medlemsstat på de samme be tingelser, som denne pålægger for sine egne borgeres ved kommende.
As distinct from freedom of establishment, freedom to provide services is not conditional upon permanent residence in the other Member State but allows a pro fessional person to pursue his/her occupation in the other Member State on a temporary basis under the same conditions applied by that country to its own nationals.
RESULTATER: På grundlag af et »alment program for ophævelse af begrænsningerne i den frie etableringsret« af 18.12.61 (EFT nr. 2/62, s. 36) er der gradvis indført foranstaltninger til forbedring af den frie bevægelighed for selvstændige erhvervsdrivende.
On 22 March 1977, the Council adopted a directive to facilitate the effective exercise of the freedom to provide services for lawyers (77/249, L 78 of 26.3.77), while in August 1978 the legislation on the freedom to provide services contained in the directive on freedom of move ment and the mutual recognition of diplomas in architecture (85/384, OJ L 223 of 21.8.85) entered into force.
I en resolution af 6.6.74 vedtog Rådet af undervisningsministre principperne for gensidig anerkendelse af eksamensbeviser, certifikater og andre kvalifikationsbeviser (EFT nr. C 98 af 20.08.1974).
In its resolution of 6 June 1974, the Council of Education Ministers adopted the appropriate principles for the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications (OJ C 98 of 20.8.74).
Den 18. december 1986 vedtog Rådet direktiv 86/653/EØF (EFT nr. L 382 af 31.12.1986) om samordning af medlemsstaternes lov givning om selvstændige handelsagenter.
On 18 December 1986, the Council adopted Directive 86/653 (OJ L 382 of 31.12.86) on the coordination of the laws of the Member States relating to selfemployed commercial agents.
Direktivet indeholder bestemmelser om forholdet mellem handelsagenter og disses agenturgivere, og det skal med visse undtagelser være omsat til national lovgivning senest den 1. januar 1991 (for Irland og Det Fo renede Kongerige ændres datoen dog til den 1. januar 1994).
This directive lays down rules harmonizing the provisions on relations between commercial agents and their principals and with one or two exceptions (Ireland and the United Kingdom enjoy a derogation until 1994) should have been implemented by the Member States by 1 January 1991.
74/561/EØF og 74/562/EØF, EFT nr. L 308 af 19.11.1974,77/796/EØF, EFT nr. L 334 af 24.12.1977 og 89/438/EØF, EFT nr. L 212 af 22.07.1989).
In its judgments in the cases of Reyners (2/74, CJEC 1974, p. 631) and van Bingsbergen (33/74, CJEC 1974, p.
I dommen i Reyners-sagen (2/74), Samling af Domstolens Afgørelser 1974, s. 631, og i van Bingsbergen-sagen (33/74), Samling af Domstolens Afgørelser 1974, s. 1299, udtalte Domstolen, at arti kel 52 og 59 i EØF-Traktaten er direkte anvendelige efter udløbet af overgangsperioden, altså fra den 1.1.79.
1299), the Court of Justice ruled that Articles 52 and 59 of the EEC Treaty were directly applicable upon the expiry of the transitional period, i.e. as of 1 January 1979.
Anerkendelsen af den direkte an vendelighed har rent juridisk overflødiggjort direktiverne om gen nemførelse af princippet om anvendelse af national behandling.
In terms of law, directives to enforce the principle of equal treatment were rendered superfluous by this recognition of the direct applicability of these Articles.
Men da de nævnte afgørelser kun medfører forpligtelse til at an vende national behandling over for udlændinge, som har taget eksamen i værtslandet, bør der stadig vedtages fællesskabsret sakter om indførelse af gensidig anerkendelse af kvalifikationsbeviser og samordning af love og administrative bestemmelser med henblik på skabelse af en så fuldstændig ordning som muligt for fri bevægelighed.
However, as the above judgments provided for compulsory equal treatment of only those foreigners who had obtained their diplomas in the host country, it was still necessary to draw up Community provisions for the mutual recognition of qualifications and the coordination of national laws, regulations and administrative provisions to establish the fullest possible freedom of movement.
Men det afgørende gennembrud for fuldstændig gennemførelse af den frie etableringsret og den frie udveksling af tjenesteydelser inden for hovedparten af de selvstændige erhverv skyldes klart Rådets vedtagelse af to forholdsvis nye direktiver, nemlig 89/48/EØF, EFT nr. L 19 af 24.01.1989, og 92/51/EØF, EFT L 209 af 24.07.1992.
In addition, a number of directives have been adopted on the recognition of qualifications based on professional experience applicable to activities of selfemployed persons in various sectors, such as industry and small craft industries (64/427, OJ L 117 of 23.7.64), the retail trade (68/364, OJ L 260 of 22.10.68) the food manufacturing and beverage industries (68/366 of 15.10.68), itinerant activities (75/369, OJ L 167 of 30.6.75), insurance agents and brokers (77/92, OJ L 26 of 31.1.77), transport and travel agencies (82/470, OJ L 213 of 21.7.82), hairdressing (82/489, OJ L 218 of 27.7.82) and transport (among which are 74/561 and 74/562, OJ L 308 of 19.11.74; 77/796, OJ L 334 of 24.12.77; 89/438, OJ L212 of 22.7.89).
Disse to direktiver repræsenterer en ny indfaldsvinkel til dette spørgsmål, som ikke længere bygger på en sektorvis harmonisering af lovbestemmelser om kvalifikationer og betingelser for adgangen til at udøve de forskellige erhverv, men på in dførelse af en generel ordning for anerkendelse af eksamensbeviser. beviser.
However, the main impetus towards the full application of the principles of freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services, in particular by the self-employed, comes from the adoption by the Council of two relatively recent directives: Directive 89/48, OJ L 19 of 24.1.89[1] and Directive 92/51, OJ L 209 of 24.7.92[2].
Det er inden for sundhedssektoren, der er sket de største fremskridt på dette område: Først vedtoges der den 16. juni 1975 to di rektiver om fri etableringsret og fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser for læger (75/362/EØF og 75/363/EØF, EFT nr. L 167 af 30.06.1985).
It is in the health sector that the greatest progress has been made. Two directives were initially adopted on 16 June 1975 on the right of establishment and freedom to provide services for doctors (75/362 and 75/363, OJ L 167 of 30.6.75), followed by similar legislation for dentists
PE 162.500 uddannelse svarende til en lang eller kort uddannelse på sekundærtrinnet.
to a short, post-secondary period of study or training or certain types of vocational training with a particular structure and the other corresponding to training at secondary level.
Dette giver ikke blot mulighed for gensidig anerkendelse af uddannelser på samme niveau, men også af uddannelser på forskellige niveauer, herunder det uddannelsesniveau, der omfattes af direktiv 89/48/EØF.
This will enable the Member States to recognize not only qualifications of the same level but also qualifications of different levels, including the level covered by Directive 89/48.
Direktiv 92/51/EØF træder i kraft den 18. juni 1994.
Directive 92/51 is to enter into force on 18 June 1994.
erhvervskompetencegivende videregående uddannelser af mindst tre års varighed i et værtsland, hvor det pågældende er hverv er lovreguleret.
Directive 89/48 seeks, without harmonizing training courses, to bring about the recognition, in a host Member State where professions are regulated, of higher-education diplomas awarded on completion of professional education and training of at least three years' duration.
Det finder udelukkende anvendelse på er hverv, der endnu ikke er omfattet af særlige direktiver, hvorved der medlemsstaterne imellem indføres en gensidig anerkendelse af eksamensbeviser.
It applies only to professions which have not yet been the subject of specific directives on the mutual recognition of diplomas between Member States.
Eksamensbeviser udstedt i tredjelande til europæiske borgere er ligeledes omfattet af direktivet, såfremt den uddannelse, som dette eksamensbevis, certifikat eller andet kvalifikationsbevis er udstedt for, overvejende har fundet sted i Fællesskabet, eller såfremt indehaveren har en erhvervserfaring af tre års varighed attesteret af den medlemsstat, som har aner kendt det pågældende eksamensbevis, certifikat eller andet kvalifikationsbevis. lifikationsbevis.
Diplomas acquired by Community nationals in third countries are also covered by this directive, where the training for which they were awarded took place mainly in the Community or where the holder has completed three years' proven professional experience in the Member State which recognized the diploma.
Domstolen har imidlertid i mangel af et generelt eller særligt di rektiv herom udtalt, at værtslandet skal tage hensyn til kvalifikationer, der er erhvervet af EF-borgere i de øvrige medlemsstater, når der er tale om samme erhverv (Domstolens dom af 15.10.1987, sag 222/86 UNECTEF mod Heylens, Samling af Domstolens Afgørelser 1987 s. 4097 og dom af 07.05.1991, sag C-340/89, Vlassopoulou).
However, in the absence so far of any general or specific directive applicable on this subject, the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities has laid down that the host Member State must recognize qualifications obtained in other Member State by Community citizens, where the same profession is involved (judgments in Case 222/86 (UNECTEFv. Heylens)[1987]ECR 4097 and Case C-340/89 (Vlassopoulou) of 7.5.91.
I sidstnævnte dom præciserer Domstolen, at det er de nationale myndigheder, der skal undersøge, hvorvidt en erhvervet kvalifikation svarer til de krav, der stilles i den nationale lovgivning; det er kun i tilfælde af delvis overensstemmelse, at værtslandet har ret til at kræve, at ansøgeren beviser, at han har erhvervet de manglende kundskaber og kvalifikationer.
In the latter judgement, the Court states that national authorities must consider to what extent the qualification obtained corresponds to that required by national legislation; only in cases in which it partially corresponds is the host Member State entitled to require the applicant to prove that he has acquired the missing skills and qualifications.
EUROPA-PARLAMENTETS ROLLE: EP har været drivkraften bag liberaliseringen af de liberale erhverv.
The applicant shall have the right to choose between these two options, except in the case of the legal profession, where the host Member State may decide.
Dets udtalelser har bi draget væsentligt til overvindelse af en lang række vanskeligheder, især hvad angår begrænsning af de områder, der fortsat skal være forbeholdt statsborgerne i hver enkelt medlemsstat (virksomhed som hører ind under den offentlige administration).
Alternatively (and not cumulatively), where the training received by the migrant is at least 1 year less than that required in the host Member State, the latter may require the applicant to show evidence of previous professional experience, although the period required may not exceed 4 years.
De suden har EP i talrige spørgsmål fra medlemmerne understreget de uregelmæssigheder, der findes i forbindelse med medlemsstaternes omsætning af direktiverne til national lovgivning.
A decision on a request to practise a regulated profession must be taken within four months after full documentation has been submitted by the applicant and shall be subject to appeal under national law.
EP har intensiveret sit arbejde med at kontrollere fællesskabsrettens anvendelse i medlemsstaterne og har især påpeget de farer, der er forbundet med en utilstrækkelig overholdelse af fællesskabs retten fra medlemsstaternes side.
This directive entered into force on 4 January 1991, although there are still problems in some Member States regarding the adoption of measures to transpose the directive into national law.
Ansøgeren har ret til selv at vælge mellem disse to krav, undtagen i forbindelse med juridiske erhverv, hvor værtslandet kan fo reskrive enten en prøvetid eller en egnethedsprøve.
ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT (EP): The EP has been one of the driving forces in liberalizing the professional occupations.
Værtslandet kan til gengæld (dog uden at anvende bestemmelserne kumulativt), hvis den uddannelse, en ansøger har gennemgået, er mindst et år kortere end den uddannelsestid, der kræves i værtslandet, kræve af ansøgeren, at han beviser, at han har forudgående erhvervserfaring af en vis længde; der kan dog under ingen omstændigheder kræves mere end fire års erhvervserfaring.
Its opinions have unquestionably helped to overcome many a difficulty and have in particular contributed to limiting the number of areas to be restricted to nationals of each Member State (occupations involving the exercise of official authority).
Re sultatet af behandlingen af en ansøgning om tilladelse til at udøve et lovreguleret erhverv skal meddeles senest fire måneder, efter at ansøgeren har fremlagt samtlige akter, og beslutningen kan appelleres i henhold til nationale retsregler.
In addition, numerous parliamentary questions have drawn attention to the anomalies arising when Member States incorporate directives into national law.
Direktivet trådte i kraft den 4. januar 1991, men der er stadig visse problemer i forbindelse med omsætningen til national lovgivning i nogle medlemsstater. stater.
The EP has intensified its checks on the application of Community law in the Member States and, in particular, has stressed the dangers of any failure by the Member States to comply fully with Community law.
Den 22. januar 1983 indgav EP på grundlag af sin beslutning af 16. september 1982 (EFT nr. C 267, s. 62) et passivitetssøgsmål mod Rådet inden for transportpolitikken.
On 22 January 1983, on the basis of its resolution of 16 September 1982, the EP brought an action against the Council for failure to act on transport policy.
I henhold til Domstolens dom af 22. maj 1985 (sag 13/83, Samling af Domstolens Afgørelser 1985 s. 1513-1603) har Rådet i strid med Traktaten undladt at gennemføre fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser inden for internationale transporter samt undladt at fastsætte de betingelser, under hvilke transportvirksomheder har adgang til at udføre interne transporter i en medlemsstat, hvor de ikke er hjemmehørende.
The judge ment handed down by the Court of Justice on 22 May 1985 (Case 13/83 [1985] ECR 1513-1603) states that the Council, in breach of the Treaty, has failed to ensure freedom to provide services in the sphere of international transport and to lay down the conditions under which non resident carriers may operate transport services in a Member State.
Rådet blev som følge af EP's søgsmål tvungent til at træffe foran staltninger inden for et rimeligt tidsrum for at sikre den fri udveksling af tjenesteydelser inden for transportsektoren (* 3.8.).
As a result of the EP's action, the Council was required to take measures within a reasonable period to ensure freedom to provide services in the transport sector (*3.8.).
Direktiv 92/51/EØF udvider den med direktiv 89/48/EØF indførte ordning for anerkendelse af eksamensbeviser til også at omfatte eksamensbeviser, certifikater og kvalifikationsbeviser for andre uddannelsesniveauer end lange videregående uddannelser.
Directive 92/51/EEC seeks to extend the system of mutual recognition introduced by Directive 89/48 and applies to the recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications other than those awarded following a lengthy period of higher education.
Det finder ligeledes kun anvendelse på erhverv, som ikke er omfattet af særlige direktiver, og udvider visse særlige direktivers anvendelsesområde, især inden for handel og håndværk, som ellers kun har fundet anvendelse på selvstændige erhvervsdrivende, til også at gælde lønmodtagere.
It also applies only to professions which are not covered by specific directives concerning mutual recognition and extends to employed persons the scope of certain specific directives - relating, in particular, to commerce and small craft industries - which are currently applicable only to the self-employed.
Der fastsættes ligeledes bestem melser for de kompenserende krav, et værtsland kan stille, hvis der foreligger væsentlige forskelle mellem den gennemgåede ud dannelse og den uddannelse, der kræves i værtslandet (prøvetid eller egnethedsprøve), eller hvis varigheden af den uddannelse, en vandrende arbejdstager dokumenterer at have gennemgået, er mindst et år kortere end den uddannelsestid, der kræves i værtslandet (forudgående erhvervserfaring).
It also provides for means of overcoming disparities which may be used by the Member State where there are significant differences between the training received by the applicant and that required (an adaptation period or an aptitude test) or where the training received by the migrant is at least 1 year less than that required in the host Member State (previous professional experience).
Eftersom direktivet omfatter en lang række uddannelser, har det været nødvendigt at skelne mellem to uddannelsesniveauer, nemlig henholdsvis de øvrige videregående uddannelser og tilsvarende uddannelser og
As the directive covers a wide range of qualifications, two levels were defined, one corresponding
Det skal yderligere fremhæves, at visse områder, der omhandles i EØF-Traktatens artikel 54, stk. 2, 56, stk. 2, samt 57, stk. 1 og 2, og som nu er omfattet af samarbejdsproceduren i henhold til Maastricht-Traktaten skal behandles etterden nye procedure med fælles beslutningstagning. Parlamentets deltagelse i lovgivning sproceduren vil således blive styrket på disse områder, når Trak taten træder i kraft.
Finally, some matters covered by Articles 54(2), 56(2) and 57(1) and (2) of the EEC Treaty, which currently come under the cooperation procedure, will, under the Maastricht Treaty, be subject to the new co-decision procedure, thereby strengthening the EP's participation in the legislative procedure governing these areas.
RETSGRUNDLAG — I henhold til EØF-Traktaten udgør de frie varebevægelser, som en del af Fællesskabets grundlag, en af dets støttepiller (artikel 3, litra a, og anden del, afsnit I).
FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS hindering, directly or indirectly, actually or potentially, intraCommunity trade are to be considered as measures having an effect equivalent to quantitative restrictions' (11 July 1974, 8/74).
— De frie varebevægelser udgør et af de vigtigste mål for det in dre marked (EØF-Traktatens artikel 8 A).
LEGAL BASIS - The EEC Treaty includes free movement of goods, one of the basic principles underlying the common market, among the foundations of the Community (Article 3(a) and Title I). - It is one of the essential objectives of the single market (Article 8a of the EEC Treaty).
MÅL — Oprindelig blev de frie varebevægelser fastlagt inden for ram merne af en toldunion med ophævelse, medlemsstaterne ¡mellem, af told, kvantitative restriktioner for samhandelen og tilsvarende bestemmelser og indførelse af en fælles toldtarif over for tredjelande.
OBJECTIVES - Free movement of goods was first envisaged in the context of a customs union of the Member States, involving the abolition of customs duties, quantitative restrictions on trade and equivalent measures, and the establishment of a common external tariff for the Community.
— Senere er vægten blevet lagt på afskaffelse af alle de hindringer, som stadig stod i vejen for de frie varebevægelser, således at der kunne gennemføres et indre marked, der blev defineret som et område uden indre grænser, hvor (bl.a.) varerne kunne cirkulere lige så frit som på et nationalt marked.
- Later the emphasis was laid on eliminating all remaining obstacles to free movement with a view to creating the internal market - an area without internal frontiers, in which goods (among other things) could move as freely as on a national market.
Normalt er der tale om foranstaltninger, der udelukkende be rører importerede varer.
The measures in question are generally those which affect only imported products.
I henhold til Domstolens dom i »Cassis de Dijon«-sagen (20. februar 1979, sag 120/78) kan der imidlertid tales om foranstaltninger med tilsvarende virkning, selv når der Ikke gøres forskel på importerede varer og varer fremstillet i den pågældende medlemsstat.
However, in the Cassis de Dijon judgment (20 February 1979, 120/78), the Court ruled that a measure could be deemed to have equivalent effect even without discrimination between imported and domestic products.
Hvis varer fra an dre medlemsstater ved import i en medlemsstat undergives de tekniske krav, som gælder for den pågældende stats egne varer, svarer det til en foranstaltning med tilsvarende virkning på grund af de bekostelige tilpasninger, som pålægges de på gældende varer.
In particular, imposing the technical rules of the importing State on products from other Member States is tantamount to introducing an equivalent measure since the imported products are penalized by being forced to undergo costly adjust ments.
Den manglende harmonisering på EF-plan af bestemmelserne på området berettiger ikke denne hold ning, som hindrer frie varebevægelser, hvorfor Domstolen principielt har fastslået, at ethvert produkt, der er lovligt frem stillet og bragt i omsætning i en medlemsstat i overensstemmelse med de gældende bestemmelser og de traditionelle fa brikationsmetoder i denne stat, skal have adgang til markedet i enhver anden medlemsstat.
The fact that there is no Community harmoniz ation of the rules cannot be used to justify this attitude, which effectively hinders freedom of movement, and the Court therefore laid down the principle that any product legally manufactured and marketed in a Member State in accordance with the fair and traditional rules and manufacturing processes of that country must be allowed onto the market of any other Member State.
Dette er princippet om gensidig anerkendelse af de nationale bestemmelser på området, så længe der Ikke er nogen harmonisering.
This is the principle of mutual recognition by the Member States of their respective rules in the absence of harmonization.
RESULTATER Ifølge målsætningen skulle toldafgifter og kvantitative restriktioner (kontingenter) mellem medlemsstaterne være afskaffet se nest ved udgangen af overgangsperioden; dette skete dog allerede den 1. juli 1968, dvs. halvandet år tidligere.
ACHIEVEMENTS TO DATE The elimination of customs duties and quantitative restrictions (quotas) between Member States, which was due to be complete by the end of the transitional period, was in fact accomplished by 1 July 1968, i.e. one and a half years early.