natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
2.2.1 Indsamling af fugemasser og information om sammensætning 2.2.2 Fremskaffelse af datablade mv. 
2.2.1 Collecting of joint sealants and information on composition 2.2.2 Providing data sheets etc.
2.2.3 Mængder af fugemasser til privat forbrug 2.2.4 Analyser og moniteringsforsøg 
2.2.3 Quantities of joint sealants for private use 2.2.4 Analyses and monitoring experiments
3.1 REGISTRERING AF FUGEMASSER 3.2 GRUPPERING AF FUGEMASSE EFTER TYPE 
3.1 REGISTER OF JOINT SEALANTS 3.2 GROUPING OF JOINT SEALANT AFTER TYPE
4 INDHENTNING AF DATA 
4 COLLECTING OF DATA
4.1.1 Sikkerhedsdatablade og informationer fra emballagen 4.1.2 Kodenumre og faresymboler 
4.1.1 Safety data sheets and information from the packaging 4.1.2 Code numbers and danger symbols
5 KENDSKAB TIL MÆRKNING 
5 KNOWLEDGE OF MARKING
5.1 SPØRGESKEMAUNDERSØGELSENS RESULTAT 5.2 KONKLUSIONER PÅ SPØRGESKEMAUNDERSØGELSEN 
5.1 RESULT OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY 5.2 CONCLUSIONS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY
7.2.3 GC/MS-analyser 
7.2.3 GC/MS-analyses
7.2.4 Analyser for formaldehyd og lavere aldehyder og ketoner 
7.2.4 Analysers for formaldehyde and lower aldehydes and ketones
8.2 ANALYSERESULTATER FRA DEN KVANTITATIVE ANALYSE 8.3 RESULTATVURDERING 
8.2 ANALYSIS RESULTS FROM THE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS 8.3 ESTIMATION OF THE RESULTS
9 EKSPONERINGS- OG MONITERINGS FORSØG 
9 EXPOSURE AND MONITORING EXPERIMENTS
Projektet ”Kortlægning og afgivelse af kemiske stoffer i fugemasser” er udført for Miljøstyrelsen i perioden den 1. juli 2002 til den 1. december 2002. 
The project “Survey and liberation of chemical substances in joint sealants” has been carried out for the Environmental Protection Agency during the period 1 July 2002 till 1 December 2002.
Nærværende rapport beskriver de opnåede resultater. 
This report describes the achieved results.
Projektet er udført af Teknologisk Institut, Miljødivisionen i samarbejde med Plastteknologi i Industridivisionen. 
The project has been carried out by the Danish Technological Institute, Environmental Division in cooperation with Plastic Technology, Industrial Division.
Projektleder for Teknologisk Institut har været lic. scient Nils H. Nilsson, Miljødivisionen. 
The project leader for the Technological Institute has been lic.scient in Chemistry Nils H. Nilsson, Environmental Division.
Projektlederen har fungeret som kontaktperson hos Teknologisk Institut over for Miljøstyrelsen. 
The project leader has functioned as contact person at the Technological Institute to the Environmental Protection Agency.
Laboratorieanalyserne af fugemasserne er sket i samarbejde med Kemiteknik og Plastteknologisk laboratorium i Taastrup. 
The laboratory analyses of the joint sealants carried out in cooperation with the Chemical Technology and the Plastic Technology's laboratories in Taastrup.
Paul Lyck Hansen, Kemiteknik, Århus har været faglig ansvarlig og koordinerende for screeningsanalyser, kvantitative analyser og eksponeringsforsøg hvor der er målt for afgivelse af flygtige organiske forbindelser. 
Paul Lyck Hansen, Chemical Technology, Århus has been professional responsible and he coordinated for the screening analyses, quantitative analyses and exposure experiments, where the laboratory measured for liberation of organic volatiles.
Ivan Christensen, Kemiteknik har haft ansvaret for screeningsanalyserne ved røntgenanalyse. 
Ivan Christensen, Chemistry Technology has been responsible for the screening analyses at X-ray analysis.
Søren Pedersen, Plastlaboratoriet har været ansvarlig for de infrarød spektroskopiske screeningsanalyser. 
Søren Pedersen, Plastic laboratory has been responsible for the infrared spectroscopic screening analyses.
Projektlederen har været ansvarlig for forbrugerundersøgelserne ved interviews i byggemarkedet. 
The project leader has been responsible for the consumer surveys at interviews in the building markets.
Studentermedhjælp Pernille Hoffmann har været assistent for interviewene. 
Student Pernille Hoffmann has been assisting at the interviews.
Endvidere har det været formålet at foretage en kortlægning af forbruget på årsbasis af gør-det-selv-folket, og belyse i hvilket omfang forbrugerne har kendskab til mærkning af produkterne herunder faresymboler og kodenumre. 
Furthermore it has been the aim to carry out a survey of the consumption on a yearly basis by the do-it-yourself people, and illustrate to what extent the consumers know the marking of the products, including danger symbols and code numbers.
Endelig har det været formålet at få belyst hvilken eksponering for problematiske stoffer der finder sted i brugsfasen og for anvendelse indendørs. 
Finally it has been the aim to illustrate which exposure for problematic substances that takes place at the consumer stage and when using indoor.
Projektet har omfattet tre hovedfaser: En screeningsfase, en fase hvor kendskabet til mærkning kortlægges, og en fase hvor der foretages eksponeringsforsøg. 
The project includes three main phases: A screening phase, a phase where the knowledge for marking was revealed, and a phase where exposure experiments were carried out.
Projektet har ikke omfattet en fuld gennemgang af lovligheden af mærkningen på alle produkter. 
The project did not include a total examination of the marking of all the products.
Der vil efterfølgende blive fulgt op på denne mærkning, hvis Miljøstyrelsen skønner, at den ikke lever fuldt op til lovgivningen. 
The Danish EPA will subsequently follow up on the marking on the products if this does not fully live up to the demands in the laws.
Dette har betydet følgende kommentarer til rapporten. 
The report has been send to producers and importers for comments.
Teknologisk Institut har på vegne af Miljøstyrelsen ved indkøb i detailhandelen indsamlet et bredt sortiment af fugemasser der kan købes af forbrugerne 
The Technological Institute has on behalf on the Environmental Protection Agency by shopping in the retail business collected a large assortment of joint sealants that can be bought by the consumers.
Der er i alt indsamlet 53 forskellige typer fugemasser ved indkøb i byggemarkeder, en farvehandel, et lavprisvarehus, en indkøbsforening og i en skibsprovianteringsforretning. 
Totally there have been collected 53 different types of joint sealants by shopping at building markets, a paint dealer, a low cost supermarket, a whole sale society (LIC) and a ship´s provision shop.
Fugemasserne er efterfølgende blevet grupperet i 7 grupper efter deres kemiske sammensætning. 
Subsequently the joint sealants have been put in 7 groups after their chemical composition.
Der er indledningsvis foretaget en række screeningsanalyser på et repræsentativt udsnit af de indsamlede fugemasser. 
As a beginning there has been carried out a number of screening analyses on a typical segment of the collected joint sealants.
Herefter er der foretaget kvantitative analyser som følge af informationerne fra screeningsanalyserne og oplysninger indhentet fra producenterne eller importørerne af fugemasserne. 
After this, there has been carried out quantitative analyses, as a result of the information from the screening analyses, and the information collected from the producers or importers of the joint sealants.
Afslutningsvis er der foretaget eksponeringsforsøg med et fugeskum og en silikonefugemasse under praksisnære forhold. 
Finally, there has been carried out exposure experiments with joint foam and silicone joint sealant, in an environment close to practical relations.
Emissionerne i disse forsøg er målt ved personbåren monitering. 
The emissions in these samples have been measured by personal carried monitoring.
De analysemetoder der har været anvendt til undersøgelse af fugemasserne, har været baseret på chromatografiske og spektroskopiske metoder. 
The analysis methods that have been used when examining the joint sealants have been based on chromatographic and spectroscopic methods.
Fugemasserne er indledningsvis blevet undersøgt ved røntgenanalyse. 
The joint sealants have first been examined by X-ray analysis.
Denne screening er udført i 2 trin. 
This screening is carried out in 2 steps.
Først blev 18 prøver screenet. 
First 18 products were screened.
På baggrund af resultaterne herfra og produktblade blev der foretaget yderligere 2 analyser. 
On the basis of the results from this and the product sheets further 2 analyses were carried out.
Der er herefter i screeningsfasen foretaget en infrarød spektroskopisk analyse af fugemassetyper fra et repræsentativt udsnit af prøverne. 
After this, in the screening phase there has been carried out an infrared spectroscopic analysis of the joint sealant types from a typical extract of the samples.
Ved denne metode kan man opnå et fingeraftryk af fugemasserne. 
By this method you can achieve a finger-print of the joint sealants.
I nogle tilfælde kan der opnås oplysninger om tilstedeværelse af blødgørere i fugemasser - eksempelvis phthalater. 
In some occasions you can achieve information about presence of plasticisers in the joint sealants - for example phthalates.
Den infrarøde analyse kan give oplysninger om fugemassetypen i de tilfælde, hvor den ikke er oplyst fra leverandøren. 
The infrared analysis can give some information about the joint sealant type in the cases, where it is not informed by the supplier.
Disse teknikker har været anvendt både i screeningsfasen og i den efterfølgende fase, hvor man har analyseret for specifikke stoffer kvantitativt. 
These techniques have been used both in the screening phase and in the following phase, where they have analysed for specific substances quantitatively.
Ved disse analyseteknikker kan man analysere sammensætningen af flygtige forbindelser i de undersøgte fugemasser og opnå en præcis beskrivelse af sammensætningen. 
By these analysis techniques you can analyse the composition of volatiles in the examined joint sealants, and achieve a precise description of the composition.
Det er også muligt at bestemme indhold af blødgørere i fugemasserne ved denne teknik hvis de har en vis flygtighed. 
It is also possible to decide content of plasticisers in the joint sealants by this technique, if they have some certain volatility.
Det gælder blandt andet phthalatblødgørere og chlorparaffiner. 
That includes among others phthalate plasticisers and chlorine paraffins.
Enkelte fugemasser er blevet analyseret ved højtryksvæskechromatografi for indhold af formaldehyd og acetaldehyd. 
Certain joint sealants have been analysed by high-pressure fluid chromatography for their content of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde.
Det har været tilfældet for prøver hvor det har været angivet at der er tilsat svampe- og bakteriedræbende additiv. 
That has been the case for samples, where it has been stated that fungus and bacteria killing additives have been added.
Metoden er meget specifik og følsom over for aldehyder og ketoner. 
The method is very specific and sensitive to aldehydes and ketones.
For at få nærmere oplysninger om fugemassetype og sammensætning er det nødvendigt at studere enten produktblad eller sikkerhedsblad for fugemassen. 
To get further information on joint sealant type and composition, it is necessary to study either product sheet or safety sheet for the joint sealant.
Den infrarøde spektralanalyse viste tilstedeværelse af phthalatblødgørere i en af de indkøbte akrylfugemasser og en isocyanatbaseret fugemasse. 
The infrared spectroscopic analysis showed presence of phthalate plasticisers in one of the purchased acrylic joint sealants and an isocyanine-based joint sealant.
Der er ikke fundet phthalatblødgørere i fire undersøgte MS polymerbaserede fugemasser. 
There has not been found phthalate plasticisers in four examined MS polymeric-based joint sealants.
For en enkelt fugemasse hvor det ikke af emballagen fremgik på hvilken basis den var, viste den infrarøde analyse, at det drejede sig om en akryltype. 
For one single joint sealant, where it did not appear from the packaging on which basis it was, the infrared analysis showed that it was an acrylic type.
Screeningen ved røntgenteknik for grundstoffer med atomvægt større end fluors viste at indholdet af tungmetaller i alle de undersøgte fugemasser var meget lavt. 
The screening at X-ray technique for elements with atomic weight larger than the weight of fluorine showed that the content of heavy metals in all the examined joint sealants was very low.
Det har ved den gaschromatografiske massespektroskopiske analyse vist sig at det drejer sig om chlorparaffiner. 
At the gas chromatographic mass spectroscopic analysis it turned out that it is chlorine paraffins.
I syv undersøgte prøver er der fundet tilstedeværelse af tin. 
There has been found presence of tin in seven examined samples.
Den prøve der indeholdt størst mængde, er blevet undersøgt ved GC/MS. Tin viste sig at foreligge som dibutyltin i denne prøve. 
The sample that had the largest amount has been examined at GC/MS. Tin turned out to be as dibutyltine in this sample.
I en vegetabilsk oliebaseret prøve er der fundet kobolt. 
In a vegetable oil-based sample cobalt has been found.
Det er kendt at kobolt anvendes i sikkativer til denne type fugemasser. 
It is known that cobalt is used in siccatives for this type of joint sealants.
Ved den gaschromatografiske screeningsanalyse for opløsningsmidler på 14 udvalgte prøver inden for alle typer af fugemasser er der fundet opløsningsmidler eller drivgasser. 
At the gas chromatographic screening analysis for solvents on 14 selected samples within all types of joint sealants, there has been found solvents or propellants.
For de silikone og akrylbaserede fugemasser er det lavere alkoholer eller acetone der giver sig til kende. 
For the silicone and acrylic-based joint sealants it is lower alcohols or acetone that comes forward.
For de bitumen//gummibaserede typer findes der større mængder af terpentinlignende forbindelser samt xylener. 
For the bitumen/rubber-based types there are larger amounts of turpentine comparable connections, and xylenes.
I to akrylbaserede prøver er der fundet phthalatblødgørere. 
In two acrylic-based samples phthalate plasticisers have been found.
Det samme gør sig gældende for en silanterineret polyol (MS)- polymerbaseret type. 
The same can be seen in a silanterinated polyolic (MS)-polymeric-based type.
Indholdet er senere bestemt kvantitativt. 
The content has later been defined quantitatively.
I den ene akrylfugemasse drejer det sig om 3 % dibutylphthalat og i den anden om 16 % diisononylphthalat. 
In one acrylic joint sealant it is a matter about 3% dibutyle phthalate, and in the other it is about 16% diisononyle phthalate.
I MS-polymerfugemassen er der målt 32 % diisodecylphthalat og 4 % diethylhexylphthalat (DEHP). 
In the MS-polymer joint sealant there has been measured 32% diisodecyle phthalate and 4% diethylhexyle phthalate (DEHP).
I to fugeskum er der konstateret tilstedeværelse af chlorparaffiner. 
In two joint foams there has been found presence of chlorine paraffins.
Indholdet er målt til henholdsvis 5 og 9 %. 
The content has been measured at respectively 5 and 9%.
Det vurderes ud fra retentionstiderne at det drejer sig om mellemkædede typer. 
It is estimated from the retention times that it is intermediate chained types.
I en af de bitumenbaserede prøver er der påvist nonylphenoler i en mængde på 8 %. 
In one of the bitumen-based samples there has been detected nonylphenoles in an amount of 8%.
For en af de isocyanatbaserede polyurethanskum er der fundet diphenylmetan-4,4´diisocyanat (MDI) i overensstemmelse med producentoplysningerne på sikkerhedsdatabladet. 
For one of the isocyanate-based polyurethane foams there has been found diphenylmetan 4.4 diisocyanate (MDI) in accordance with the producer information on the safety data sheet.
For to prøver af silikonefugemasser fandtes et højt indhold af et stof med retentionstid som butanal. 
For two samples of silicone joint sealants a high content of a material with retentions time as butanal was found.
Det er senere konstateret at det stammer fra butanon-2-oxim. 
It has later been stated that it comes from bunanon-2-oxim.
Ud over de kemiske analyser der er foretaget, har Teknologisk Institut foretaget en spørgeskemaundersøgelse i to byggemarkeders afsnit for malervarer. 
In supplement to the chemical analyses that have been carried out, the Technological Institute has made a questionnaire survey in two building markets for painter materials.
Formålet har været at undersøge forbrugernes kendskab til klassificering af malervarer og faremærkning, forbrugsmønster og informationer med relation til miljøet, såvel det ydre som arbejdshygiejniske forhold. 
The aim has been to investigate the consumer's knowledge of classification of painter materials and danger labelling, consumer pattern and information in relation to the environment, both the external and the working hygienic conditions.
Samtidig er forbruget af fugemasser til gør-det-selv-aktiviteter søgt oplyst. 
At the same time the consumption of joint sealants to the “do-it-yourself” activities has been searched.
Ud fra undersøgelsen må det konkluderes at der i gennemsnit indkøbes ca. 2 fugemasser per ”gør-det-selv-folk” per år. 
From the survey it must be concluded that there in average are bought approx. 2 joint sealants per “do-it-yourself” people per year.
Men købene er ulige fordelt, idet en ud af 59 interviewede tegnede sig for 150 fugemassepatroner. 
But the bargains are unequally divided, since one of the 59 interviewed persons had bought 150 joint sealant patrons.
Det vurderes af Fugebranchens Samarbejds- og Oplysningsråd at forbruget fordeler sig ligeligt mellem professionelle og folk der anvender fugemasser på amatørbasis. 
The Joint Trade Cooperation and Information Council estimate that the consumption is equally divided between professionals and people that use joint sealants on amateur basis.
Det fremgår af undersøgelsen at miljøhensyn spiller en rolle for valg af malervarer for langt størstedelen af forbrugerne. 
It appears from the survey that environmental considerations take a part for choice of painter materials for far the greater part of the consumers.
De fleste læser også informationerne på emballagen om den rette brug af nye typer malervarer forbrugerne ikke har prøvet før, og informationer om rengøring af værktøjer. 
Most consumers also read the information on the packaging about the right use of new types of painter materials, which they have not tried before, and the information about cleaning of tools.
Ud over emballagen er butikspersonalet den vigtigste informationskilde man vil gøre brug af hvis man mangler råd. 
Besides the packaging, the personnel in the shop are the most important information source you can use if you need advice.
Internettet er en anden informationskilde, men ikke nær så vigtig i besvarelserne. 
The Internet is another information source, but not near as important in the answers.
Der bruges forholdsvis sjældent værnemidler, dog angiver en del at de anvender handsker under arbejdet. 
There are used comparatively rare protective measures, yet some say they use gloves during the work.
Med hensyn til bortskaffelse fremgår det at genbrugsstationerne er meget benyttede. 
As regards the disposal it appears that the local recycling sites are used a lot.
Ingen vil kassere rester af malervarer på anden vis end aflevering på disse stationer. 
No one would throw away painter materials in other ways than delivery at these stations.
Med hensyn til mærkningskendskab er stort set alle fortrolige med de almindelige faresymboler, og de adspurgte synes at symbolerne er meget sigende på en nemt forståelig måde. 
As regards the marking knowledge almost everybody knows the common danger symbols and the interviewed persons thought that the symbols are very illustrative in an easily understood way.
Med hensyn til sikkerheds- og risikosætninger er dette et ukendt begreb for de allerfleste. 
Considering the safety and risk sentences this is an unknown term for most people.
Undersøgelsen har omfattet et begrænset antal forbrugere, og det er svært at slutte noget bestemt om hvorvidt mænd eller kvinder adskiller sig væsentligt i deres kendskab til malervarer eller i deres miljøbevidsthed. 
This survey has included a limited amount of consumers, and it is hard to conclude anything specific about whether men or women differentiates essentially in their knowledge of painter materials or in their environmental conscience.
Forholdsvis mange, ca. halvdelen af de adspurgte, svarer at de kender koderne. 
Proportionally a lot, approx. half of the interviewed answered that they know the codes.
Men når der spørges mere konkret har de færreste svar på betydningen af cifrene før og efter bindestregen. 
But when asked more specific only a few knew the meaning of the numbers before and after the hyphen.
Dog svarer en del at et lavt tal er godt. 
Still, many answer that a low number is good.
Som fugemasse defineres i nærværende projekt et produkt der kan købes af forbrugerne i detailhandelen til gør-det-selv-aktiviteter i hjemmet med det formål at udfylde et mellemrum mellem faste materialer, således at der sker en fleksibel tætning mellem materialerne ved hjælp af fugen. 
This project defines a joint sealant as a product that can be bought by the consumers in the retail business for do-it-yourself-activities in the home, with the purpose to fill up a gap between firm materials, so that a flexible tightening between the materials are done by means of the joint.
Fugemasser kan inddeles på forskellig vis efter hærdemekanisme, anvendelsesområde og kemisk sammensætning. 
Joint sealants can be divided in different ways after hardening mechanism, field of application and chemical composition.
Fugemasser der sælges til forbrugerne, forekommer udelukkende som enkomponenttyper. 
Joint sealants that are sold to the consumers appear only as single-component types.
Fugeskum doseres til forskel herfra fra en trykbeholder hvorpå der monteres et mundstykke. 
Joint foam is dosed differently, from a pressure tank on which is mounted a nozzle.
Som drivgas anvendes typisk dimethylether, propan og butangas. 
As propellant gas is typically used dimethyl ether, propane and butane gas.
Emballagen har også til formål at beskytte produktet mod udtørring og fugt, således at funktionsevnen bevares, og der ikke sker en polymerisering af massen før brug. 
The packaging serves also as a protection of the product against drying out and moisture, to preserve the product's capability of functioning, and avoid a polymerisation of the mass before use.
Endelig benyttes emballagens yderside til at give nyttige informationer om fugemassens type, rette brug og anvendelsesområde, hærdeforløb og oplysninger om faremomenter, kodenummer mv. 
Finally the outer of the packaging is used to give useful information about the type of the joint sealant, the correct use and sphere of application, the hardening progress and information on danger factors, Code number, etc.
Hærdning af fugemassen sker først og fremmest ved hjælp af luftens fugt. 
Hardening of the joint sealant is first of all done by means of the moisture from the air.
For oliebaserede fugemasser kan hærdemekanismen være en iltning af overfladen. 
To the oil-based joint sealants the hardening mechanism can be an oxidation of the surface.
Ofte dannes der en hinde yderst på grund af den direkte kontakt med luftens fugt eller ilt. 
Often a membrane is formed at the outside, because of the direct contact to the moisture of the air or oxygen.
Herefter sker der en efterhærdning af fugen, efterhånden som fugt eller ilt diffunderer ind gennem fugen. 
After this a finishing hardening of the joint is happening, as moisture or oxygen diffuses through the joint.
For fugemasser der indeholder opløsningsmidler, har fordampningen af disse også indflydelse på hærdeforløbet. 
The evaporation of joint sealants that contain solvents also influences on the hardening progress.
Endelig er de vanddispergerede fugemasser, eksempelvis på akrylbasis, afhængige af fordampning af det vandige dispergeringsmiddel. 
Finally the water dispersing joint sealants, for example on acrylic basis, depend on the evaporation of the aqueous dispersing preparation.
· Akrylbaserede fugemasser · Polyurethanbaserede (PUR) fugeskum og -masser 
· Silicone joint sealants · Acrylic-based joint sealants · Polyurethane-based (PUR) joint foam and - masses