natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
LCA-praktikere vil højst sandsynlig hurtig finde en måde at bruge mulighederne på, f.eks. som en del af følsomhedsanalysen. 
LCA-practitioners will most probably quickly find a way to use the possibilities, e.g. as a part of the sensitivity analysis.
Den nødvendige indsats for at kunne gøre dette vil blive markant mindre, når de første erfaringer er høstet. 
The efforts needed in doing so will decrease significantly when the first experiences have been gained.
Lugt fra el-sparepærer 
Odour from energy-saving light bulbs
Kortlægning af kemiske stoffer I forbrugerprodukter nr. 140, 2015 
Survey of chemical substances No. 140, 2015
På basis af henvendelser og diskussion om lugt fra el-sparepærer, blev der igangsat en undersøgelse af lugt fra sparepærer 
The study was initiated due to Recent discussions on odour from energy-saving light bulbs.
Gennem annoncering på hjemmesider og i pressen blev forbrugere inviteret til at indsende deres lugtende sparepærer. 
Through notice on homepages and in the press consumers were invited to forward their smelling energy-saving light bulbs.
I alt modtog Miljøstyrelsen 47 svar og 25 pærer blev analyseret for afgasning af kemiske stoffer. 
In total, 47 replies were received and 25 light bulbs were analysed for degassing substances.
Undersøgelsen bekræfter, at de pærer, der lugter, også frigiver stoffer i koncentrationer over deres lugtgrænse. 
The results in this project confirm that the energy-saving light bulbs which smell also release substances in concentrations above the odour threshold value.
Fem af stofferne blev udvalgt til sundheds- og risikovurdering: benzen, N,N-dimethylformamid, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (D4), tetrahydrofuran og fenol. 
Five of the degassed substances were selected for health and risk assessments: N,N-dimethylformamide, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), tetrahydrofuran and phenol.
Stofferne blev valgt pga. deres harmoniserede klassificering som kræftfremkaldende, mutagene og skadelige for forplantningsevnen. 
The substances were selected due to their harmonised classification as carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic to reproduction respectively.
Risikovurdering blev udført på basis af et “worst case” eksponeringsscenarie. 
The risk assessment of the five selected substances was based on a worst-case exposure assessment.
Det foreliggende projekt er gennemført med det formål at skaffe informationer om de nuværende indeklimakoncentrationer af rensevæskedampe i boliger beliggende over et repræsentativt udsnit af danske renserier. 
The objective of the project has been to collect information on actual indoor climate concentrations of cleaning liquid vapors in apartments situated above a representative segment of Danish dry-cleaning facilities.
Det er desuden formålet at sammenligne de fundne koncentrationer med situationen før den nuværende række af tiltag blev iværksat med vedtagelsen af bekendtgørelse nr. 532 af 18. juni 2003 (Renseribekendtgørelsen). 
In addition, the objective is to compare found concentrations with the situation before the initiatives to minimize indoor climate concentrations was implemented with the adoption of the Statutory Order No. 532 of 18 June 2003 on the establishment and operation of dry-cleaning facilities.
Materialet er opdelt i renserier, som anvender hhv. tetrachlorethylen eller kulbrinter som rensevæske. 
The material is divided into dry-cleaning facilities that use tetrachloroethylene or hydrocarbons respectively, as cleaning liquid.
26 målinger er foretaget i lejligheder over renserier, som anvender tetrachlorethylen. 
26 measurements have been carried out in apartments situated above dry-cleaning facilities that use tetrachloroethylene.
Disse målinger har vist en gennemsnitlig indeklimakoncentration af tetrachlorethylen på 0,30 mg/m³. 
These measurements have an average indoor climate concentration of tetrachloroethylene of 0.30 mg/m³.
I forhold til situationen før renseribekendtgørelsens ikrafttræden er der tale om en reduktion på mere end 90 %, idet den gennemsnitlige indeklimakoncentration i danske lejligheder blev målt til 3,3 mg/m³ i perioden umiddelbart før bekendtgørelse nr. 532 blev iværksat (Miljøstyrelsen 2005b). 
Compared to the situation prior to the adoption of the Statutory Order on the establishment and operation of dry-cleaning facilities this is a reduction of more than 90 %, as the average indoor climate concentration in Danish apartments was recorded to 3.3 mg/m³ immediately before Statutory Order No. 532 was initiated (the Danish Environmental Protection Agency 2005b).
Den meget betydelige reduktion i indeklimakoncentrationen i lejligheder over renserier, som denne undersøgelse dokumenterer, må, jf. ovenstående, tilskrives effekten af bekendtgørelse nr. 532. 
The very significant reduction documented by this investigation in the indoor climate concentration in apartments situated above dry-cleaning facilities must be attributed to the effect of Statutory Order No. 532.
Ved sporgasmålinger disse steder kunne det konstateres, at bidraget fra renseriet til lejligheden udgjorde mindre end kravværdien i 7 tilfælde. 
From trace gas measurements at these sites, it could be shown that the contribution from the dry-cleaning facility to the apartment constituted less than the limit value at 7 sites.
På den ene af de 2 lokaliteter, hvor der såvel ved indeklimamålinger som ved sporgasmålinger blev konstateret overskridelse af kravværdien, er der foretaget en byggeteknisk gennemgang. 
At one of the 2 sites where both the indoor climate measurements and the trace gas measurements showed exceeding of limit values, a building technical investigation has been carried out.
Bygningsgennemgangen viste, at årsagen til overskridelsen af kravene sandsynligvis skal findes i utætte etageadskillelser mellem renseri og lejlighed i renseriets birum. 
It showed that the exceeding of the limit values most probably is caused by leakiness in the horizontal divisions between the dry-cleaning facility and the apartment in the secondary room of the dry-cleaning facility.
Den anden lokalitet lader sig ikke undersøge nærmere, da det pågældende renseri er ophørt. 
The second site could not be investigated as the dry-cleaning facility in question has been closed down.
Ingen af 6 målinger i lejligheder over kulbrinte-renserier eller 3 målinger over ind- og udleveringssteder påviste koncentrationer over kravværdierne i bekendtgørelsen. 
None of the 6 measurements in apartments situated above the hydrocarbon dry-cleaning facilities and none of the 3 measurements above the places of receipt and delivery showed concentrations in excess of the requirements of the Statutory Order.
Med forbehold for materialets begrænsede størrelse tyder det ikke på, at disse typer udgør en stor risiko for overskridelse af kravværdierne. 
Subject to the limited data, these types do not seem to constitute a major risk of exceeding the requirements.
Undersøgelsen har dokumenteret betydelige sink-effekter på et antal målesteder. 
The investigation has shown considerable sink effects in a number of measuring sites.
Resultaterne bekræfter tidligere observationer af dette fænomen i ejendomme med renserier. 
The results confirm previous observations of this phenomenon in apartments situated above dry-cleaning facilities.
Det kan ikke afvises, at der er et uopdaget indeklimaproblem i lejligheder i ejendomme, som tidligere har huset et renseri. 
It cannot be excluded that there may be an undetected indoor climate problem in some apartments in buildings that have previously housed dry-cleaning facilities.
Undersøgelsen dokumenterer i øvrigt vigtigheden af at have den af Eurofins Miljø A/S udviklede sporgasmetode til rådighed ved vurdering af bidraget af rensevæske fra renseri til lejlighed. 
In addition, the examination documents the importance of being able to use the trace gas method developed by Eurofins Miljø A/S when evaluating the contribution of cleaning liquid from a dry-cleaning facility to an apartment.
Ud fra tilkendegivelser fra interessenter kan det konkluderes, at forarbejdet til bekendtgørelsen samt selve udarbejdelsen af bekendtgørelsen har været positivt. 
Based on information from stakeholders, it can be concluded that the initial work for the Statutory Order and the preparation itself has been very positive.
Processen har været opdelt i overskuelige delprojekter med klar målsætning, hvilket har muliggjort anvendelse af erfaringer fra et projekt ved igangsættelsen af nye projekter. 
The process has been divided into well-planned sub projects with clear objectives which have facilitated the use of the experience gained in one project to initiate new projects.
Ydermere har projekterne været fulgt af en følgegruppe med bred fagkompetence, hvilket har betydet, at resultaterne direkte har kunnet anvendes i bekendtgørelsesarbejdet. 
Furthermore, the projects have been supervised by a follow up group with broad professional competence which has made it possible to use the results directly in the work with the Statutory Order.
Den tidlige inddragelse af renseribranchen i bekendtgørelsesarbejdet har ført til et konstruktivt samarbejde mellem branchen og Miljøstyrelsen. 
The early participation of the dry-cleaners trade in the work with the Statutory Order has lead to a constructive cooperation between the trade and the Danish EPA.
Det er de forespurgte interessenters oplevelse, at bekendtgørelsen er anvendelig for renseribranchen, samt at der kan opnås de ønskede resultater via bekendtgørelsen. 
It has been the experience of the stakeholders that the Statutory Order can be used by the dry-cleaners trade and that the wanted results can be achieved through the Statutory Order.
Såvel branchen som de kommunale myndigheder ønsker, at der igangsættes en erfaringsindsamling og dialog med det formål at støtte og ensrette de kommunale myndigheders kontrol af renserierne og som støtte til renseriernes planlægning af tiltag og dermed mulighed for fortsat drift. 
Both the branch of trade and the municipal authorities wish to start collection of knowledge and to start a dialog in order to support and unify the authority control of the dry-cleaning facilities and support the dry-cleaners in planning of activities and hereby their continued operation.
Erfaringerne kan f.eks. formidles i form af en vejledning eller pjece med gode råd eller som en egentlig uddannelse for kommende rensere. 
The knowledge could be passed on as a guide or leaflet with good advice or as an actual training of future dry-cleaners.
De forespurgte kommunale interessenter anbefaler, at bekendtgørelsen fastholdes efter 2008. 
The inquired municipal stakeholders recommend that the Statutory Order is maintained after 2008.
Revisionen bør omfatte en simplificering samt en målretning af bekendtgørelsen i relation til renseriejernes tekniske viden og sprogkundskaber. 
A revision should comprise a simplification and target the Statutory Order to the technical knowledge and language qualifications of the dry-cleaners.
Forbrug af nyt papir 249 kg 
Consumption of new paper 249 kg
Indsamling af returpapir 141 kg 
Collection of recycled paper 141 kg
Forbrug af returpapir i Danmark 75 kg 
Consumption of recycled paper 75 kg
Nettoeksport af returpapir 64 kg 
Net exports of recycled paper 64 kg
"Statistik for returpapir og -pap 2003" viser at: 
"Statistics of recycled paper and cardboard 2003" shows that:
den danske papirproduktion i forhold til 2002 er faldet med 11.000 tons svarende til 2,6 % 
compared to 2002, the Danish paper production has decreased by 11,000 tons, corresponding to 2.6 per cent
der til den danske papirproduktion på 392.242 tons medgik 407.499 tons returpapir. 
the Danish paper production of 392,242 tonnes included 407,499 tonnes of recycled paper.
Kortlægning af kemiske stoffer i forbrugerprodukter 
Survey of chemical compounds in consumer products
Enhver, der har lyst, kan uden problemer bestille alt nødvendigt udstyr, og de tatoveringsfarver man ønsker og nedsætte sig som tatovør. 
The Danish Environmental Protection Agency has implemented some projects with the overall purpose to go through chemical substances in consumer products.
Nogle af de leverandører, der anvendes af de fleste af de i denne undersøgelse involverede tatovører, sælger i modsætning til andre kun til kunder, der anbefales af allerede kendte kunder. 
The purpose of the project mentioned in this report is to identify the pigments that are used in tattoo colours on the Danish market.
Disse pigmenter er alle generelt anvendte industrielle pigmenter, og de adskiller sig ikke fra, hvad der bruges i andre brancher. 
So-called temporary tattoos are not included in the investigation (often these are called henna tattoos) - a subject is painted onto the skin.
Der anvendes såvel uorganiske pigmenter i form af jernoxid og titandioxid, som organiske pigmenter af azo-, phthalocyanin-, acridin- og naphtholtyperne og carbon black. 
Likewise the widely used transfer tattoos among children (a small pre-printed picture, which is transferred to the skin) are not included.
Dette skyldes dels, at det har været vanskeligt, at identificere udøverne af kosmetisk tatovering (= mikropigmentering) og dels en væsentlig mindre interesse blandt de fundne for at udlevere oplysninger til projektet. 
The aim of the project was, thus, to investigate which branches use pigments, and which pigments have been assessed in other contexts and which have not.
På samme måde, som det kunne konstateres ved gennemgangen af de traditionelle tatoveringsfarver, så er der heller intet der tyder på, at de pigmenter, der anvendes til kosmetisk tatovering, fremstilles specifikt med dette formål for øje. 
Finally, the Danish EPA does not intend to compare the cosmetic tattooists with traditional tattooists, since - apart from the use of pigment coloursthese two branches differ in terms of both methods, techniques and purpose.
Among the tattooists it was possible to obtain contact to during this project there was only one who makes his own tattoo colours. 
Among the tattoists it was possible to obtain contact to during this project there was only one who makes his own tattoo colours.
Mennesket har altid ønsket at ændre og forskønne sine omgivelser og sin krop. 
Humans have always wanted to change and embellish their surroundings and their bodies.
Bemalinger af kroppen har altid været (og er stadig) en vigtig del af skønhedsidealerne i alle samfund over hele jorden. 
Body painting has always been (and is still) an important part of the blemish ideals in all societies all over the world.
Tatoveringer indtager en særlig stilling blandt disse kropsudsmykninger, idet disse ikke forsvinder ved vask eller slid som kropsbemaling. 
Tattoos have a special place among body ornaments, as they cannot be washed or worn off like body paint.
En tatovering giver en blivende udsmykning 
A tattoo gives a permanent decoration.
Fælles for al form for tatovering er, at man ved hjælp af en nål indfører pigment under det øverste hudlag. 
By all types of tattoos pigments are entered under the top layer of skin by means of a needle.
Ved denne fremgangsmåde sikres, at pigmentet ikke kan fjernes igen, men samtidig eksponeres organismen for tatoveringsfarvens indholdsstoffer, på en meget direkte måde. 
This process ensures that the pigments cannot be removed, but simultaneously the organism is exposed to the ingredients in the tattoo colour in a very direct way.
Midler der sprøjtes ind i kroppen er generelt omfattet af lægemiddellovgivningen, mens tatoveringsfarver, der produktmæssigt ligger et sted mellem lægemidler og kosmetik ikke er omfattet af nogen speciallovgivning. 
Products sprayed into the body are normally comprised by the Medicines Act whereas tattoo colours, which are categorised as being somewhere in between remedies, and cosmetics are not comprised by any special laws.
Derimod hører de under produktsikkerhedsloven som et generelt produkt og de skal klassificeres og mærkes i henhold til bekendtgørelsen om klassificering, emballering, mærkning, salg og opbervaring af kemiske stoffer og produkter. 
By contrast they are comprised by the Product Safety Act as general products and it should be classified and labelled according to the statutory order on classification, packaging, labelling, sale and marketing of chemical substances and products.
Denne kortlægning er udført indledningsvis gennem identifikation af såvel ”traditionelle” tatovører som ”kosmetiske” tatovører. 
By way of introduction this survey has been carried out by identifying "traditional" tattooists as well as "cosmetic" tattooists.
Den anvendte skelnen mellem traditionelle tatovører og kosmetiske tatovører svarer til den måde som udøverne selv skelner på, og som branchen overordnet fungerer. 
Our distinction between traditional tattooists and cosmetic tattoists corresponds to the way the performers themselves distinguish and like the business functions in general.
Traditionelle tatovører arbejder med tatovering som deres hovedbeskæftigelse (i nogle tilfælde kombineret med piercing etc.) baseret på principper og metoder som har udviklet sig gennem århundreder. 
The main work of traditional tattooists is tattooing (in some cases it is combined with piercing, etc.) based on principles and methods which have developed for centuries.
Kosmetiske tatovører arbejder fortrinsvis i skønhedsklinikker hvor den kosmetiske tatovering kun udgør en lille (og ret ny) del af produktsortimentet. 
Cosmetic tattooists primarily work at beauty parlours, and cosmetic tattoos only present a small (and quite new) part of their range.
Ved den kosmetiske tatovering anvendes principielt de samme teknikker som ved traditionel tatovering, men der anvendes som regel specielt tilpasset udstyr, som passer til den ”kosmetiske” vinkel, hvor kunderne bibringes en permanent (ansigts) makeup. 
In principle the same techniques are used by cosmetic tattooing as by traditional tattooing but normally specially fitted equipment suited for the "cosmetic" angle is used in which the customers get a permanent (face) makeup.
Søgninger på Internettet og opslag i telefondatabaser har resulteret i identifikationen af 53 egentlige tatovører i Danmark. 
Searches on the Internet and in telephone databases have resulted in the identification of 53 actual tattooists in Denmark.
Det vurderes, at dette søgeresultat omfatter en meget stor del af de tatovører, som arbejder seriøst og professionelt med tatovering. 
It is estimated that this search result comprises a very large part of the tattooists working seriously and professionally with tattooing.
Der findes i følge kilder i branchen derudover en lang række tatovører, der arbejder på deltids- eller direkte amatørbasis, men denne del af branchen har det ikke været mulig at skabe kontakt til. 
However, according to sources within the business there are also some tattooists who work part-time or on an amateur basis, but it has not been possible to get in contact with this part of the business.
Søgningen efter kosmetiske tatovører var langt vanskeligere, da det normalt er skønhedsklinikker, der tilbyder denne form for permanent makeup, og disse reklamerer normalt ikke særskilt med denne del af deres virksomhed. 
The search for cosmetic tattooists was far more difficult as normal beauty parlours offer this kind of permanent makeup, and often these do not advertise especially for this part of their business.
Det er kun en lille del af deres øvrige kosmetiske og skønhedsmæssige ydelser. 
It is only a small part of their other cosmetic services.
Alle identificerede tatovører både traditionelle og kosmetiske blev derefter kontaktet pr. brev og efterfølgende interviewet pr. telefon. 
All identified tattooists traditional as well as cosmetic were contacted by mail and subsequently interviewed by phone.
Gennem denne interviewundersøgelse blev leverandørerne af tatoveringsfarver identificeret, og efterfølgende blev de kontaktet, og bedt om at bidrage til kortlægningen med oplysninger om de pigmenter, som anvendes. 
Through this interview suppliers of tattoo colours were identified, and subsequently they were contacted and asked to contribute to the project with information about the pigments used.
På baggrund af disse kontakter med leverandører blev der desuden indkøbt nogle sæt typiske tatoveringsfarver til brug for en eventuel senere analyse af produkterne. 
On the basis of these supplier contacts, sets of typical tattoo colours were purchased to be used in connection with a perhaps later analysis of the products.
Sideløbende hermed blev der taget kontakt med nogle af de større producen-ter af industrielle pigmenter, for om muligt, ad den vej at finde oplysninger om pigmenter anvendt til tatovering. 
Concurrently contact was taken to some of the large manufactures of industrial pigments to obtain information about pigments used for tattooing if possible.
Afslutningsvis blev der rettet henvendelse til dermatologiske hospitalsafde-linger for om muligt at inddrage disse afdelingers erfaringer med eventuelle skader eller reaktioner set i forbindelse med tatovering. 
In conclusion dermatological hospital departments were contacted to include the experiences of these departments of possible injuries or reactions seen in connection with tattoos.
5.1 Interview undersøgelse blandt traditionelle tatovører 
5.1 Interviews with traditional tattooist
Generelt var der en meget positiv holdning hos de interviewede, og der var stor villighed til at hjælpe og svare på spørgsmål. 
Generally the attitude of the interviewees was very positive and there was a great willingness to help and answer questions.
Efter en præsentation af Chemtox A/S generelt og af dette projekt mere detaljeret samt en diskussion af projektets betydning for den enkelte tatovør, blev følgende hovedområder afdækket: 
After a general introduction of Chemtox A/S and a more detailed description of this project as well as a discussion about the meaning of the project for the individual tattooist the following main areas were uncovered:
• Tatovørens erfaring med overfølsomhedsreaktioner eller lignende blandt kunderne. 
· Tattooists' experience of customers' allergic reactions or the like
På baggrund af udsagn fra de interviewede, tegner der sig et rimeligt klart billede af anvendelsen af tatoveringsfarver på det danske marked. 
On the basis of statements from the interviewees a quite clear picture was formed of the use of tattoo colours on the Danish market.
Fælles for alle tatovørerne er, at de har nogle meget klare holdninger til de tatoveringsfarver som de bruger. 
Jointly all tattooists they have a very clear attitude to the tattoo colours they use.
De er generelt meget bevidste om, at anvende ikke-allergifremkaldende produkter, men de har ikke adgang til eksakte informationer, og er derfor nødt til, at stole på deres leverandørers udsagn om, at deres produkter er ”allergi-testede” eller ”godkendte”. 
In general they are very aware of using non-allergenic products, but they do not have access to exact information, and therefore they have to trust the statements from suppliers that their products are "allergy-tested" or "approved".
Generelt har tatovørerne ikke mulighed for at vurdere, om disse udsagn er rigtige, men må basere sig på deres egne og deres kollegers erfaringer i deres valg af leverandører. 
Generally it is not possible for tattooists to evaluate if these statements are true, but they have to rely on their own and their colleagues' experiences when choosing suppliers.
Samstemmende berettes om meget små problemer med allergi hos kunderne. 
Concurrent very few allergic problems have been reported from customers.
Der er under denne interviewundersøgelse identificeret én dansk producent af tatoveringsfarver, men det vurderes, at denne producents markedsandel er meget begrænset. 
In connection with the interview one Danish manufacturer of tattoo colours has been identified, but it has been evaluated that the market share of this manufacturer is very limited.
Generelt anvender langt de fleste tatovører tatoveringsfarver, som de køber fra udenlandske producenter. 
Generally most tattooists use tattoo colours bought from foreign manufactures.
Miljøstyrelsen er bekendt med navne og adresser på samtlige involverede tatovører og leverandører. 
The Danish EPA is informed of names and addresses of all involved tattooists and distributors.