natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
For sprayprodukter steg aerosolstørrelsen generelt med tiden efter imprægnering, undtagen for produkt 8 og 20, hvor aerosolstørrelsen var konstant, og produkt 21 og 25, hvor aerosolstørrelsen faldt. 
In connection with spray products, the aerosol size general increased with time after proofing except for product 8 and 20 where the aerosol size was constant and product 21 and 25 where the aerosol size declined.
At aerosolstørrelsen steg som funktion af tiden efter frigivelse for sprayprodukter kan skyldes, at koncentrationen af aerosoler er så høj, at kollisionsraten mellem aerosolerne er høj. 
After liberation of spray products, the aerosol size increased as a function of time and that might be because the concentration of aerosols is very high and therefore the collision rate between the aerosols is high.
Ved kollision kan aerosolerne aggregere og derved danne større aerosoler med tiden. 
During collision, the aerosols can aggregate and in that way create larger aerosols in time.
Fald i aerosolstørrelse kan skyldes yderligere fordampning af mindre flygtige komponenter. 
A decline in aerosol size can be due to additional evaporation of small volatile compounds.
Figur 7.2 Middelværdien af aerosoldiameteren i nm, målt 1 minut og 7 minutter efter imprægnering. 
Figure 7.2 Mean particle size (nm), measured 1 minute and 7 min. after proofing.
8.7.5 Gode råd til forbrugerne ved anvendelse af spray til tekstilimprægnering 
8.7.5 Good advice to consumers when using textile proofing spray
I samråd med Miljøstyrelsen blev følgende stoffer udvalgt til sundhedsvurdering: cyclohexan, butan-2-on, 1-butanol, butylacetat, perfluoroctan-1-ol og dodecamethylpentasiloxan. 
In consultation with the Danish Environmental Protection Agency the following substances were selected for health assessment: cyclohexane, butan-2-on, 1-butanol, butyl acetate, perfluoroctane-1-ol and dodecamethylpentasiloxane.
I dette afsnit er de toksikologiske profiler for de 6 kemiske stoffer opstillet. 
In this chapter, the toxicological profiles of the 6 chemical substances have been set up.
Alle fire stoffer findes på listen over tilladte driv- og opløsningsmidler i bilag 1 til bekendtgørelsen, men alle fire stoffer er forbudt (i koncentration over 1 %) i produkter beregnet til indendørs brug (alle testede spray-produkter) med drivgas. 
All four substances are included on the list of permitted propellants and solvents in enclosure 1 of the Regulation, but all four substances are forbidden (in concentrations exceeding 1 %) in products intended for indoor use (all tested spray products) with propellant.
De to sidstnævnte er de to egentlige imprægneringsstoffer, hvor forekomsten i de til analyse udvalgte sprayprodukter er bedst dokumenteret. 
The two last-mentioned are the two actual proofing substances where the occurrence has been best documented in the spray products selected for analysis.
Alle stofferne er fundet i produkter, der sprayes fra aerosoldåser med drivgas. 
All the substances were found in products that are sprayed from aerosol cans with propellant.
Ingen af nedenstående vurderinger forholder sig til, at stofferne også forekommer som meget fine aerosoltåger. 
None of the below assessments deal with the fact that the substances also appear as very fine aerosol mists.
Dette skyldes, at det ikke har været muligt at finde eksperimentelle toksikologiske data for disse stoffer på aerosolform. 
That is because it has not been possible to find experimental toxicological data for these substances in the form of aerosols.
Sidst i kapitlet gennemgås betydningen af de meget fine aerosoltåger, der er målt for alle aerosolprodukterne med drivmidler i denne undersøgelse. 
The end of this chapter examines the importance of the very fine aerosol mists that have been measured for all aerosol products with propellants in this investigation.
Butylacetat anvendes hovedsagelig som opløsningsmiddel i lakker, kunstlæder, fotografiske film og plast. 
Butyl acetate is mainly used as solvent in varnish, artificial leather, photographic film and plastics.
I mindre omfang bruges butylacetat i parfumeindustrien og til fremstilling af kunstige aromaer (HSDB, 2007). 
To a minor degree, butyl acetate is used in the perfume industry and for the production of artificial aromatic compounds (HSDB, 2007).
Butylacetat er ved stuetemperatur en klar, farveløs væske, med en behagelig lugt, der ofte beskrives som bananlignende. 
At room temperature, butyl acetate is a clear, colourless liquid with a pleasant smell that often is described as banana-like.
Det er ikke særlig letopløseligt i vand, men blandbart med de fleste hydrocarboner og meget letopløseligt i ethanol og ether og opløseligt i acetone (HSDB, 2007). 
It is not easily soluble in water, but it is miscible with most hydrocarbons and very easily soluble in ethanol and ether and soluble in acetone (HSDB, 2007).
Lugtgrænsen i vand er 0,066 mg/m³ (HSDB, 2007). 
The odour limit in water is 0.066 mg/m³ (HSDB, 2007).
Butylacetat er optaget på Arbejdstilsynets liste over organiske opløsningsmidler. 
Butyl acetate is included on the list of organic solvents of the Danish Working Environment Authority.
Butylacetat optages hurtigt i blodet ved indånding. 
Butyl acetate is quickly absorbed in the blood by inhalation.
Der findes ingen målinger for absorptionen gastrointestinalt eller dermalt, men gennemførte orale og dermale LD50 studier indikerer, at stoffet tillige absorberes ad disse ruter. 
No measurements exist of gastrointestinal or dermal absorption, but effectuated oral and dermal LD50 studies indicate that the substance also is absorbed through these routes.
8.1.4.2 Akutte effekter, menneske 
8.1.4.2 Acute effects, humans
Butylacetat har lav systemisk effekt (HSDB, 2007). 
Butyl acetate has a low systemic effect (HSDB, 2007).
Laveste toksiske koncentration ved indånding er fundet til 200 ppm (920 mg/m³), hvor der blev fundet ændringer på sanseorganer og især lugtesansen, på øjne (irritation) og på lunger, brystkasse og respiration (andre ændringer) (ChemIDPlus, 2007). 
The lowest toxic concentration on inhalation was found to be 200 ppm (920 mg/m³), and changes were found on the sensory organs and especially the olfactory sense, on eyes (irritation) and on lungs, on chest and respiration (other changes) (ChemIDPlus, 2007).
Mulige toksiske symptomer er effekter på centralnervesystemet: hovedpine, muskelsvaghed, svimmelhed, stivhed, konfusion, delirium og koma. 
Possible toxic symptoms are central nervous system (CNS) effects: headache, muscular weakness, dizziness, stiffness, confusion, delirium and coma.
Butylacetat beskrives som et mildt irriterende stof, men mere irriterende end ethylacetat, og en centralnervesystem-depressor. 
Butyl acetate is described as a mildly irritating substance, but more irritating than ethyl acetate, and as a CNS depressor.
Disse effekter anses for at hidrøre fra stoffets fysiske egenskaber (HSDB, 2007). 
These effects are considered to originate from the physical properties of the substance (HSDB, 2007)).
Hudeksponering: Forlænget eller hyppigt gentagen hudkontakt kan føre til udtørring af huden. 
Skin exposure: prolonged or frequently repeated exposure can lead to drying of the skin.
Butylacetatdampe medfører øjenirritation og indånding irriterer i luftvejene. 
Butyl acetate vapours lead to eye irritation and inhalation irritates the respiratory passages.
Erhvervsmæssig indånding har medført påvirkning af lever (HSDB, 2007). 
Occupational inhalation has led to effects on the liver (HSDB, 2007).
8.1.4.3 Akutte effekter, dyr 
8.1.4.3 Acute effects, animals
LD50 værdierne ligger ved oral administration mellem 3200 mg/kg lgv (kanin) og >10.000 mg/kg lgv (rotte). 
In connection with oral administration, the LD50 values are between 3200 mg/kg bw (rabbit) and >10.000 mg/kg bw (rat).
LC50 var 6000 mg/m³ ved 2 timers indånding i mus og 390 ppm svarende til 1850 mg/m³ ved 4 timers indånding i rotter (ChemIDPlus, 2007). 
LC50 was 6000 mg/m³ after 2 hours of inhalation in mice and 390 ppm corresponding to 1850 mg/m³ after 4 hours of inhalation in rats (ChemIDPlus, 2007).
Der er ikke fundet studier med gentagen dosering i dyr, bortset fra et enkelt studie i katte, hvor der ikke blev fundet lokale ændringer i cornea (hornhinden) eller konjunktivalsækken hos katte doseret enten med 500 ppm i 20 dage eller med 1000 ppm i 4 dage. 
No studies have been found with repeated dosage in animals apart from one single study in cats where no local changes were found in the cornea or the conjunctival sac of cats dosed either with 500 ppm for 20 days or with 1000 ppm for 4 days.
ACGIH citeres dog for, at dyr (dyreart ikke oplyst) eksponeret 6 timer om dagen i 6 dage for 3100 ppm udviste blodforandringer (HSDB, 2007). 
However, according to ACGIH, animals (species of animal not informed) exposed 6 hours a day for 6 days to 3100 ppm showed blood changes (HSDB, 2007).
Butylacetat udviste ingen mutagene egenskaber i Ames' test (Salmonella typhimurium stammerne TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538 og Escherichia coli (WP2uvrA stammen)) ved testning både med og uden aktivering med rottemikrosomal fraktion. 
Butyl acetate showed no mutagenic properties in Ames' test (Salmonella typhimurium strands TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538 and Escherichia coli (WP2uvrA strand)) during testing with and without activation with rat microsomal fraction.
Der findes ingen langtidsforsøg med butylacetat i nogen dyreart. 
No long-term tests with butyl acetate have been carried out in any species of animal.
IARC har ikke taget stilling til butylacetats carcinogene egenskaber. 
IARC has not considered the carcinogenic properties of butyl acetates.
Derimod har ACGIH i USA besluttet, at stoffet inden for en to-års periode skal overføres til en godkendelsesliste: Kan ikke klassificeres som et humant carcinogen (HSDB, 2007). 
On the other hand, ACGIH in the USA has decided that within a two-year period the substance shall be transferred to an approval list: Cannot be classified as a human carcinogen (HSDB, 2007).
Butylacetat er ikke akut toksisk ved indtagelse og indånding, eller ved eksponering af hud. 
Butyl acetate is not acute toxic on intake or inhalation or during exposure of the skin.
Stoffet har på grund af de fysisk/kemiske egenskaber - opløsningsmiddel med stort damptryk - irritative virkninger på hud og slimhinder (øjne og øvre luftveje) samt en del virkninger på centralnervesystemet efter indånding. 
Due to the physical/chemical properties - solvent with large vapour pressure - the substance has irritating effects on skin and mucous membrane (eyes and upper respiratory passages) and a number of effects on the CNS after inhalation.
Der er ikke fundet oplysninger om, at butylacetat skulle være sensibiliserende. 
No information has been found stating that butyl acetate should be sensitizing.
Det skønnes, at ansatte i den kemiske industri med hudsygdomme, nyresygdomme, kroniske åndedrætssygdomme og leverlidelser kan have forhøjet risiko i forbindelse med udsættelse for butylacetat. 
It is assessed that people working in the chemical industry who have skin diseases, nephropathy, chronic respiratory diseases or hepatic diseases can have increased risk in connection with exposure to butyl acetate.
Toksikologiske data (dyr) 
Toxicological data (animals)
Aerosolproduktet med højest koncentration af butylacetat er produkt nr. 1, der ganske vist er udgået, men produkt nr. 14 indeholder næsten lige så meget. 
The aerosol product with the highest concentration of butyl acetate is product no. 1 that true enough has been discontinued, but product no. 14 contains almost as much.
Beregningen foretages mest logisk i det stadig markedsførte produkt nr. 14. 
The calculation was most logically carried out in product no. 14 which still is marketed.
Produkt nr. 14 sælges i Danmark i 200 ml spraybeholder, men i andre lande er det markedsført i 400 ml beholdere. 
Product no. 14 is sold in Denmark in 200 ml spray cans but in other countries it is marketed in 400 ml cans.
En spraybeholder vil derved indeholde 16 g butylacetat, som fordelt i et 20 m³ stort rum vil give en koncentration på 800 mg/m³. 
Therefore, a spray can will contain 16 g of butyl acetate and distributed in a 20 m³ large room that will give a concentration of 800 mg/m³.
Dette er 12 % over Arbejdstilsynets grænseværdi, som er på 710 mg/m³ (150 ppm). 
That is 12 % above the limit value of the Danish Working Environment Authority which is 710 mg/m³ (150 ppm).
Grænseværdien er et ”time weighted average” sat på grundlag af omfattende toksikologiske vurderinger, som den værdi en arbejder må udsættes for 8 timer daglig i et helt arbejdsliv. 
The limit value is a “time weighted average” determined according to extensive toxicological estimates as the value to which a worker may be exposed 8 hours daily in an entire working life.
Da produktet er et forbrugerprodukt, hvor eksponeringen kun vil forekomme med mellemrum, kan den beregnede værdi i stedet sammenholdes med Arbejdstilsynets loftsværdi, på det dobbelte af almindelige grænseværdi. 
As the product is a consumer product where exposure only will take place now and then, the calculated value can instead be compared with the ceiling value of the Danish Working Environment Authority, at the double of the ordinary limit value.
Det må derfor anses, at brugen af spray nr. 14 er sikker for helbredet, selv under det absolut værst tænkelige scenario. 
Therefore, it must be assessed that the use of spray no. 14 is not injurious to health even during the absolute worst case scenario.
Man vil dog formodentlig kunne få forbigående, akutte gener (øjen- og luftvejsirritation). 
Presumably, passing and acute sickness can arise (irritation of the eyes and respiratory passages).
8.1.6 Konklusion på butylacetat (n-butylacetat) 
8.1.6 Conclusion on butyl acetate (n-butyl acetate)
Indholdet af butylacetat i de undersøgte sprayprodukter til tekstilimprægnering udgør ikke i sig selv nogen sundhedsrisiko for forbrugerne. 
The content of butyl acetate in the examined spray products for textile proofing is not in itself a health hazard to the consumers.
Desuden bruges en del i aromaindustrien. 
In addition, it is used to some extent in the aromatics industry.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i USA har sat en acceptabel daglig indtagelsesværdi (ADI) på 3,2 mg/dag (oral indtagelse) (HSDB, 2007). 
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA has set an acceptable daily intake value (ADI) of 3.2 mg/day (oral intake) (HSDB, 2007).
Butanon er en klar væske med en sød, behagelig, let stikkende, acetonelignende lugt. 
Butanone is a clear liquid with a sweet, pleasant, lightly pricking, acetone-like odour.
Butanon er letopløselig i vand ved lave temperaturer, men opløseligheden falder med stigende temperatur. 
Butanone is easily soluble in water at low temperatures, but the solubility declines with increasing temperatures.
Stoffet er på Arbejdstilsynets liste over organiske opløsningsmidler. 
The substance is included on the list of organic substances of the Danish Working Environment Authority.
lav: 0.7375 mg/m³; høj = 147.5 mg/m³ (HSDB, 2007) 
low: 0.7375 mg/m³; high = 147.5 mg/m³ (HSDB, 2007)
Optagelse i kroppen af butanon sker hurtigt uanset om der er tale om oral eller dermal udsættelse eller om optagelsen sker ved indånding. 
Butanone is absorbed quickly in the body no matter if oral or dermal exposure is in question or if absorption takes place on inhalation.
Butanon synes at fordeles over alle væv. 
Butanone seems to be distributed on all tissue.
Butanon og dets metabolitter udskilles fuldstændigt i løbet af 24 timer. 
Butanone and its metabolites are eliminated completely in the course of 24 hours.
Udskillelse sker især med udåndingsluften, selvom små mængder udskilles i omdannet form via nyrerne (IPCS, 1992). 
Elimination especially takes place with the expiratory air even though small amounts are eliminated in transformed form via the kidneys (IPCS, 1992).
Udsættelse for 590 mg/m³ (200 ppm) forårsagede ikke ændringer i forskellige adfærds- eller psykologiske tests. 
Exposure to 590 mg/m³ (200 ppm) did not cause changes in different behaviour or psychological tests.
Heller ikke eksperimentel eksponering for 794 mg/m³ (270 ppm) 4 timer/dag havde større effekt på adfærd og 5 minutters kontakt med flydende butanon forårsagede kun en forbigående blegning af huden (IPCS, 1992). 
Nor did experimental exposure to 794 mg/m³ (270 ppm) 4 hours/day have greater effect on behaviour and 5 min. contact with liquid butanone only caused passing bleaching of the skin (IPCS, 1992).
Der er meget lav akut toksicitet i de testede dyrearter for alle administrationsveje. 
Very low acute toxicity was present in the tested species of animals for all routes of administration.
LD50 værdierne for orale studier ligger på 2700 og 5520 mg/kg lgv i rotter og på 34140 mg/kg lgv i mus. 
The LD50 values for oral studies are 2700 and 5520 mg/kg bw in rats and 34140 mg/kg bw in mice.
De inhalationsstudier, der er gennemført på mus og rotter, er alle meget gamle og ikke udført i overensstemmelse med gældende guidelines, men den dødelige koncentration for 50 % af dyrene (LC50) i mus efter 45 minutters eksponering kan beregnes til 205025 mg/m³ (69500 ppm) og i rotter efter 4 timers eksponering til 23600 mg/m³ (8000 ppm). 
The inhalation studies carried out on mice and rats are all very old and were not carried out in accordance with the current guidelines but the lethal concentration for 50 % of the animals (LC50) in mice after 45 min. of exposure can be calculated to 205025 mg/m³ (69500 ppm) and in rats after 4 hours of exposure to 23600 mg/m³ (8000 ppm).
En dermal LD50 værdi blev fundet i kanin til 8000 mg/kg lgv med 24 timers eksponering (IPCS, 1992). 
A dermal LD50 value was found in rabbits at 8000 mg/kg bw with 24 hours of exposure (IPCS, 1992).
Der blev fundet let til moderat irritation af hud og moderat til alvorlig irritation af øjne i kaniner. 
Minor to moderate irritation of the skin and moderate to serious irritation of rabbit eyes were observed.
Andre hudstudier viste ikke irritation (IPCS, 1992). 
Other skin studies did not show irritation (IPCS, 1992).
De fleste studier med gentagen dosering er gennemført i rotter med eksponering ved indånding. 
Most studies with repeated dosage were carried out on rats with exposure on inhalation.
Kun doser på 5000 ppm (14750 mg/m³) i det ene og 5041 ppm (14870 mg/m³) i det andet givet 6 timer/dag 5 dage om ugen i 90 dage havde effekt. 
Only doses of 5000 ppm (14750 mg/m³) in the one and 5041 ppm (14870 mg/m³) in the other given 6 hours/day 5 days a week for 90 days had effects.
Der blev fundet formindsket legemsvægt, hjerne- og miltvægt og forøget levervægt samt ændrede blodparametre med hunner mere følsomme end hanner. 
Reduced body weight, brain and spleen weight and increased liver weight and changed blood parameters were found and females were more sensitive than males.
Der blev ikke fundet histopatologiske forandringer eller påvirkning af de reproduktive organer eller morfologiske ændringer i det centrale eller perifere nervesystem (IPCS, 1992). 
No histopathological changes or influence on the reproductive organs or morphological changes in CNS or peripheral nervous systems (PNS) were found (IPCS, 1992).
Mus blev i et forsøg udsat for stigende koncentrationer butanon fra 300 til 10000 ppm (ialt 5 niveauer). 
In a test, mice were exposed to increasing concentrations of butanone from 300 to 10000 ppm (total of 5 levels).
Doseringstiden for hver koncentration var 30 minutter og antallet af mus, der ikke reagerede på visuelle stimuli, blev talt. 
The dosage time of each concentration was 30 min. and the number of mice that did not react to visual stimuli was counted.
Den dosis ved hvilken 50 % af dyrene ikke længere reagerede kunne beregnes til 8528 mg/m³ svarende til 2891 ppm (IPCS, 1992). 
The dose at which 50 % of the animals no longer reacted could be calculated to 8528 mg/m³ corresponding to 2891 ppm (IPCS, 1992).
I et teratogenforsøg i mus kunne man fastsætte en no observed adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) på 2980 mg/m³ (1010 ppm) givet på dag 6-15 af drægtighedsperioden, 7 timer/dag. 
In a teratogenic test in mice, a no observed adverse effect concentration (NOAEC) of 2980 mg/m³ (1010 ppm) given on day 6-15 of the gestation period, 7 hours/day could be determined.
Der blev ikke fundet signifikante tegn på toksicitet hos mødrene, men let forøget relativ levervægt i den højst doserede gruppe. 
No significant toxicity signs were found in the dam, but there was a minor increase in the relative liver weight in the highest dosed group.
I samme gruppe fandt man lavere fostervægt, der var signifikant for hannerne. 
In the same group, lower foetal body weight was observed and it was significant for the males.
Lowest observed adverse effect concentration (LOAEC) blev sat på grund af udviklingseffekter til 3000 ppm (IPCS, 1992). 
Lowest observed adverse effect concentration (LOAEC) was set to 3000 ppm (IPCS, 1992) due to the developmental effects.
Butanon er ikke fundet mutagent i en række gennemførte Ames' tests, ligesom der ikke er fundet positive effekter i in vivo mikrokerne studier i mus eller kinesiske hamstre. 
Butanone was not found mutagenic in a number of Ames' tests that were carried out and in vivo micronucleus studies in mice or Chinese guinea pigs showed no positive effects.
Nogle studier har dog vist, at butanon og en række andre lignende stoffer inducerer aneuplodi i gærceller; en effekt der blev kraftigt forstærket ved samtidig udsættelse for ethylacetat (IPCS, 1992). 
However, some studies showed that butanone and a number of similar substances induce aneuplodi in yeast cells; an effect that was significantly strengthened by simultaneous exposure to ethyl acetate (IPCS, 1992).
På dette grundlag kan butanon ikke anses for at være genotoksisk i korttidsforsøg in vitro og in vivo. 
In the light of this, butanone cannot be assessed to be genotoxic in short-term tests in vitro and in vivo.
Butanon kan ikke klassificeres med hensyn til carcinogen effekt i mennesker, da der ingen oplysninger findes for stoffet angående kræft i mennesker og der ikke findes tilstrækkeligt med data i dyreforsøg. 
Butanone cannot be classified with regard to carcinogenic effect in humans as no information exists about the substance concerning cancer in humans and sufficient data from experiments on animals does not exist.
Butanon optages let i kroppen efter eksponering via mave-tarmkanalen, huden eller lungerne. 
Butanone is easily absorbed in the body after exposure via the gastrointestinal tract, the skin or the lungs.
Optaget butanon er udskilt i løbet af 24 timer. 
Absorbed butanone is eliminated in the course of 24 hours.
Butanon har meget lav akut giftighed både i mennesker og i dyr. 
Butanone has a very low acute toxicity in humans as well as in animals.
Der er lidt modstridende resultater af testning med butanon for irritation af hud og slimhinder, men nogen irritation er fundet i de fleste studier. 
The results from testing butanone for irritation of skin and mucous membrane conflict a bit, but some irritation was found in most studies.
Udsættelse af human hud for ufortyndet butanon resulterer i forbigående blegning af huden. 
Exposure of human skin to undiluted butanone results in passing bleaching of the skin.
Den kritiske effekt er fundet at være lavere fostervægt i et teratogenforsøg med mus med en NOAEC på ca. 3000 mg/m³ svarende til lidt over 1000 ppm, behandlingstiden var 7 timer/dag på drægtighedsdagene 6-15. 
The critical effect is found to be lower foetal body weight in a teratogenic test with mice with a NOAEC of approx. 3000 mg/m³ corresponding to a bit more than 1000 ppm, treatment time was 7 hours/day on gestation day 6-15.
NOAEC, mg/m³, inhalation, 4 timer 
NOAEC, mg/m³, inhalation, 4 hours
8.2.5 Sundhedsvurdering af butanon 
8.2.5 Health assessment of butanone
Der blev ikke fundet resultater for indhold af butanon ved den semikvantitative screening af samtlige produkter til tekstilimprægnering. 
The semi-quantitative screening of all products for textile proofing showed no results stating the content of butanone.