natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Der er siden ESFRI’s etablering i 2001 opnået udbredt enighed om behovet for og merværdien ved at etablere en række udvalgte fælleseuropæiske forskningsinfrastrukturer.
Since its establishment in 2001, ESFRI has achieved broad consensus on the need for and value added of establishing a number of selected joint European research infrastructures.
ESFRI’s primære virkemiddel er udviklingen af fælleseuropæiske roadmaps for forskningsinfrastrukturer, der identificerer særligt perspektivrige samarbejder med paneuropæisk relevans og interesse.
ESFRI's main instrument is the development of pan-European roadmaps for research infrastructures, which identify especially promising collaborative projects of pan-European relevance and interest.
ESFRI har siden 2006 udgivet tre roadmaps, og den seneste version fra 2010 fav- ner 38 forslag fordelt på alle videnskabelige hovedområder og 10 projekter, som er under implementering.
Since 2006, ESFRI has published three roadmaps, and the latest of these, Strategy Report and Roadmap Update 2010, comprises 38 proposals representing all main scientific fields and 10 projects under implementation.
I dag betragtes 25-30 projekter som værende under implementering.
At present, 25-30 projects are regarded as being under implementation.
I første halvdel af 2016 forventer ESFRI at lancere en opdateret roadmap for europæiske forskningsinfrastrukturer.
In the first half of 2016, ESFRI is expecting to launch an updated roadmap for European research infrastructures.
Projekter, hvor etablering af danske knudepunkter og medlemskab er finansieret af Puljen til Forskningsinfrastruktur
Projects in which the establishment of Danish nodes and membership are funded by the National Fund for Research Infrastructure.
CESSDA – Council of European Social Science Data Archives (finansieret af Dansk Data Arkiv) CLARIN – Common LAnguage Resources and technology INitiative
CESSDA – Council of European Social Science Data Archives (funded by Danish Data Archive) CLARIN – Common LAnguage Resources and technology INitiative
DARIAH – DigitAl Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities
DARIAH – DigitAl Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities
EATRIS – The European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure in Medicine (indtil 31. december 2016) ELIXIR – European Life-Science Infrastructure for Biological Information
EATRIS – The European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure in Medicine (until 31 December 2016) ELIXIR – European Life-Science Infrastructure for Biological Information
EPOS – European Plate Observing System
EPOS – European Plate Observing System
INSTRUCT – An integrated Structural Biology Infrastructure for Europe PRACE – Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe
INSTRUCT – An integrated Structural Biology Infrastructure for Europe PRACE – Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe
Projekter, hvor dansk deltagelse finansieres via danske internationale medlemskaber
Projects in which Danish participation is funded by Danish international memberships
ESS – European Spallation Source
ESS – European Spallation Source
ESRF Upgrade – European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Upgrade European XFEL – European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser
ESRF Upgrade – European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Upgrade European XFEL – European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser
ILL 20/20 Upgrade – Upgrade of the ILL neutron source
ILL 20/20 Upgrade – Upgrade of the ILL neutron source
Projekter på denne roadmap, som aktuelt ikke er finansieret
As-yet non-funded Roadmap 2015 projects
AnaEE – Infrastructure for Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems
AnaEE – Infrastructure for Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems
EU-OPENSCREEN – European Infrastructure of Open Screening Platforms for Chemical Biology ICOS – Integrated Carbon Observation System
EU-OPENSCREEN – European Infrastructure of Open Screening Platforms for Chemical Biology ICOS – Integrated Carbon Observation System
WindScanner.eu – European WindScanner Facility
WindScanner.eu – European WindScanner Facility
Note: Til denne liste kan desuden lægges flere forslag, hvor danske forskere og institutioner er mere eller mindre involverede.
Note: This list could be extended by a number of proposals in which Danish researchers and institutions are involved to a greater or lesser extent.
Eksempelvis har danske institutioner deltaget i forberedelsesprojekter (EU’s preparatory phase) i 19 projekter, hvoraf flere dog er inkluderet i listerne ovenfor
A case in point would be the participation by Danish institutions in preparatory undertakings (EU preparatory phase) for 19 projects, of which a number are, however, included in the lists above
Imidlertid råder ESFRI ikke over egne økonomiske midler til at investere i en egentlig implementering af de prioriterede projekter.
However, ESFRI does not have own funds at its disposal for investment in the actual implementation of priority projects.
Det er således op til de enkelte deltagerlande at vurdere, i hvilket omfang man ønsker at investere i realiseringen af de enkelte forskningsinfrastrukturprojekter.
It is thus up to the individual participant country to decide the extent to which it wishes to invest in the realisation of individual research infrastructure projects.
Deltagelse kræver normalt, at man som land etablerer et nationalt knudepunkt, kaldet en node, til projektet, som i mange tilfælde kræver etablering af egentlig ny forskningsinfrastruktur og i alle tilfælde forudsætter et medlemsbidrag til det europæiske forskningsinfrastrukturpro- jekt.
Participation normally requires that the member country establishes a national node for the project, which in many cases requires the creation of a wholly new research infrastructure and in any event entails the payment of a membership contribution to the European research infrastructure project.
Den danske finansiering kan komme fra mange forskellige kilder, men det gælder i alle tilfælde, at dansk deltagelse forudsætter, at Uddannelses- og Forskningsministeriet underskriver en forpligtende aftale – ofte i form af et European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) – om dansk engagement.
Danish funding may stem from many different sources, but in every case, Danish participation requires that the Ministry of Higher Education and Science signs a binding agreement – often in the form of a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) – pledging Denmark's commitment.
Indgåelsen af ERIC-aftaler med fordeling af opgaver, byrder, pligter og rettigheder er en ofte både langstrakt og kompliceret proces, der erfaringsmæssigt kan tage 3-5 år.
The signing of ERIC agreements and the ensuing distribution of tasks, burdens, obligations and rights is often both a lengthy and complex process typically taking 3-5 years.
Dansk deltagelse i opstarten af flere projekter er imidlertid understøttet økonomisk via Puljen til Forskningsinfrastruktur udmøntet på grundlag af roadmappen fra 2011, ligesom der i kataloget i denne roadmap er flere forslag, der knytter sig til ESFRI-projekter som blandt andet danske knudepunkter, jævnfør tekstboks 3.3 ovenfor.
Danish participation in the start-up of a number of projects is, however, supported financially via the National Fund for Research Infrastructure, as allocated on the basis of the Roadmap 2011, while in the catalogue in the present Roadmap, a number of proposals concern ESFRI projects such as Danish nodes; see Text Box 3.3 above.
Dermed understøtter den danske roadmap dansk deltagelse i samarbejder om europæiske forskningsinfrastrukturer.
In this way, the Danish Roadmap supports Danish participation in alliances on European research infrastructures.
Derudover er der muligheder for investering via EU’s programmer for forskning og innovation og teknologisk udvikling, hvor der er blevet ydet støtte til forberedelse af ESFRI- forskningsinfrastrukturer.
In addition, there are opportunities for investment via the EU programmes for research and innovation and technological development, for which funding has been granted for the preparation of ESFRI research infrastructures.
Under det igangværende Horizon 2020 (H2020) er der ligeledes blevet ydet støtte til implementering af nogle af de højest prioriterede projekter på ESFRI’s roadmap.
Under the ongoing Horizon 2020 (H2020), funding has likewise been granted for implementation of some of the highest priority projects on the ESFRI Roadmap.
H2020’s samlede budget for forskningsinfrastruktur i perioden 2014-2020 er på knap 2,5 milliarder euro (omtrent 18,5 milliarder danske kroner) og rummer også en række muligheder for finansiering af europæiske projekter, som ikke er relaterede til ESFRI.
H2020's total budget for research infrastructure in the period 2014-2020 is just under EUR 2.5 billion and also comprises opportunities for funding non-ESFRI European projects.
Dette kommer dog erfaringsmæssigt ikke i tilstrækkelig grad danske forskningsmiljøer til gode.
However, experience indicates that these do not benefit Danish research environments to an adequate extent.
Den danske deltagelse i de første indkaldelser under H2020’s delprogram for forskningsinfrastruktur var ved den foreløbige statusopgørelse i november 2015 på 1,02 procent og dermed betragteligt under den samlede andel af dansk hjemtag på 2,57 procent fra H2020.
The provisional status report in November 2015 found that Danish participation in the initial calls under the H2020's work programme for research infrastructure amounted to 1.02 per cent, which is substantially less than Denmark's overall H2020 share of 2.57 per cent.
Derfor er det besluttet at øge indsatsen for en bedre dansk succesrate og deltagelse.
A decision has thus been made to intensify efforts to improve the Danish success rate and participation.
Ministeriet har derfor i 2015 styrket den danske National Contact Point (NCP) for forskningsinfrastruktur under H2020, der rådgiver og vejleder danske forskningsmiljøer om mulighederne inden for forskningsinfrastrukturområdet.
To that end, in 2015, the Ministry strengthened the Danish National Contact Point (NCP) for research infrastructure under H2020, which advises Danish research environments on research infrastructure funding opportunities.
Først og fremmest med henblik på at afdække årsagerne til omfanget af det danske hjemtag og den danske interesse for programmet samt på længere sigt med henblik på at øge det danske hjemtag, så det bidrager mere til det samlede danske udbytte.
This was undertaken above all with a view to identifying the reasons for the low Danish success rate, and ascertaining Danish interest in the programme, and ultimately in the interests of increasing the Danish share of signed grant agreements in order to boost overall returns for Denmark.
Danmark har underskrevet tre nye aftaler om dansk deltagelse i nye europæiske forskningsinfrastrukturer.
Denmark has signed three new agreements on Danish participation in new European research infrastructures.
Det danske hjemtag under Horizon 2020’s program for forskningsinfrastruktur ligger på samme niveau som det danske hjemtag af de samlede udbudte midler under Horizon 2020.
Denmark's share of signed grant agreements under the Horizon 2020 programme for research infrastructure is at the same level as the Danish share of signed grant agreements of the total funding offered.
Samarbejde med vækstlande
Collaboration with growth countries
Internationalt samarbejde om forskningsinfrastruktur begrænser sig ikke kun til den europæiske arena, og Danmark har derfor sikret adgang til en række forskningsinfrastrukturer, eksempelvis Det Europæiske Center for Højenergifysik (CERN), Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), jævnfør tekstboks 3.2, og International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), hvor samarbejdet er globalt.
ganization for Nuclear Research (CERN), the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) (see Text Box 3.2), and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), in which collaboration is global.
Sidstnævnte er verdens største forskningssamarbejde, som ud over Europa samler Canada, Japan, Indien, Kina, Sydkorea og USA og dermed repræsenterer over 80 procent af verdens befolkning i et forsøg på at tilvejebringe energi på baggrund af fusion.
The latter is the world's largest research collaboration, which in addition to Europe, allies Canada, Japan, India, China, South Korea and the USA, and thereby represents more than 80 per cent of the world’s population in the project to produce energy from fusion.
Selvom Danmark således allerede deltager i flere globale samarbejder, kan der imidlertid være behov for at gøre en yderligere global indsats med fokus på bilaterale aftaler.
Although Denmark is thus already participating in a number of global collaborative projects, there may be a need to engage in further global initiatives focusing on bilateral agreements.
Den videnskabelige geografi er nemlig under forandring, og der etablerer sig i øjeblikket en række nye stærke forskningsnationer med massive investeringer i forskning og udvikling med afledte effekter på forskningsomfang og -kvalitet.
This is because the scientific geography is in the process of changing, and a number of strong new research nations making massive investments in research and development with derived impacts on research scope and quality are now on the rise.
Denne udvikling omfatter også investeringer i forskningsinfrastruktur, og der ligger her et potentiale for samarbejde for danske forskere og forskningsinfrastrukturer.
This trend also comprises investments in research infrastructure, which holds collaboration potential for Danish researchers and research infrastructures.
Radiation Facility (SSRF) og Sirius i São Paulo, som er henholdsvis Kinas største og Brasiliens kommende store synkrotronanlæg.
Examples of large-scale research infrastructures include the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) and Sirius in São Paulo, which are China's largest and Brazil's forthcoming large synchrotron facilities, respectively.
Andre eksempler på mulige samarbejdspartnere, som kunne være relevante for danske forskere, institutioner og forskningsinfrastrukturer, er Korea Polar Research Institut (KOPRI), som blandt andet råder over forskningsskibet ARAON, og Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), som står for Indiens nationale rumforskningsprogram.
Other examples of potential collaboration partners of interest to Danish researchers, institutions and research infrastructures include Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), which owns the ARAON research vessel, and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), which is responsible for India's national space research programme.
Danmark er allerede et foregangsland ved at have etablereret innovationscentre i en række af disse lande som eksempelvis i Brasilien, Indien, Kina og Sydkorea.
Denmark is also a pioneer country by virtue of having established innovation centres in a number of these countries, such as in Brazil, India, China and South Korea.
Hidtil har disse dog ikke arbejdet systematisk med forskningsinfrastrukturer.
So far, however, none of these have worked systematically on research infrastructures.
TEKSTBOKS 3.6: DE DANSKE INNOVATIONSCENTRE
TEXT BOX 3.6: THE DANISH INNOVATION CENTRES
De danske innovationscentre er etableret i samarbejde mellem Uddannelses- og Forskningsministeriet og Udenrigsministeriet og er placeret i henholdsvis Shanghai, Silicon Valley, München, São Paulo, New Delhi og Seoul.
The Danish innovation centres were co-established by the Danish Ministry of Higher Education and Science and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark, and are located in Shanghai, Silicon Valley, Munich, São Paulo, New Delhi and Seoul, respectively.
Deres overordnede mål er at fungere som bindeled mellem danske og udenlandske forsknings-, innovations- og uddannelsesmiljøer samt virksomheder og investorer for hermed at bygge bro mellem Danmark og nogle af de stærkeste lande inden for forskning, videregående uddannelse og forretningsudvikling samt nogle af verdens førende innovationsmiljøer og vækstmarkeder.
Their principal objects are to liaise between Danish and international research, innovation and educational environments together with private-sector enterprises and investors for the purpose of bridge-building between Denmark and some of the leading nations in research, higher education and business development as well as some of the world's leading innovation centres and growth markets.
Deres opgave består lokalt i at bistå danske virksomheder og forskningsinstitutioner med adgang til udenlandsk viden, teknologi, kapital og markeder.
Their mandates consist locally of facilitating access to international knowledge, technology, capital and markets for Danish business and research institutions.
Som et nyt initiativ ønsker Uddannelses- og Forskningsministeriet at facilitere adgang og samarbejde til nye perspektivrige forskningsinfrastrukturer i disse vækstlande og vil derfor gå i dialog med de danske innovationscentre og de danske universiteter og forskningsinstitutioner om muligheder og interesse.
As a new initiative, the Danish Ministry of Higher Education and Science wishes to facilitate access to and collaboration with new promising research infrastructures in these growth countries and will therefore be engaging in dialogue with the Danish innovation centres and the Danish universities and research institutions regarding opportunities and interest.
Hensigten er at bidrage til at etablere bilaterale aftaler og platforme for samarbejde om og adgang til forskningsinfrastrukturer for dermed at tilvejebringe nye muligheder for globalt samarbejde baseret på forskningsinfrastruktur.
The aim is to assist in establishing bilateral agreements and platforms for cooperation on and access to research infrastructures in order thereby to foster new opportunities for global alliances based on research infrastructure.
Der er indgået tre aftaler om samarbejde mellem ejerne af forskningsinfrastrukturer i Danmark og vækstlandene.
Three cooperation agreements have been concluded between the owners of the research infrastructures in Denmark and the growth countries.
Udbyttet af de internationale medlemskaber
Benefits of international memberships
Ministeriet har i en lang årrække tilvejebragt finansieringen af danske og typisk konventions- bårne medlemskaber af en række store internationale forskningsinfrastrukturer, de såkaldte ”big science”-faciliteter, som eksempelvis Det Europæiske Center for Højenergifysik (CERN), som Danmark har deltaget i siden 1954.
For a number of years, the Ministry has facilitated the funding of Danish and typically convention-based memberships of a number of large international research infrastructures – the big science facilities – such as the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) – of which Denmark has been a member since 1954.
Siden da er flere internationale, konventionsbårne forskningsinfrastrukturer kommet til, blandt andet Det Europæiske Molekylærbiologiske Laboratorium (EMBL) i 1973 og Den Europæiske Synkrotronfacilitet (ESRF) i 1988.
Since then, further international, convention-based memberships of research infrastructures have followed, including the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in 1973 and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in 1988.
Seneste medlemskab af denne type er Den Europæiske Fri-Elektron Røntgenlaserfacilitet (European XFEL), som blev indgået i 2012 og forventes at gå i drift i løbet af 2017, og af European Spallation Source (ESS), som er under opførelse, jævnfør afsnit 3.7.
The most recent memberships of this type is of the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility (European XFEL), which was obtained in 2012 (the facility is scheduled to come on line in 2017), and of the European Spallation Source (ESS), which is currently under construction, see also section 3.7.
Under den nationale indsats har også finansieringen af de såkaldte forskningsunderstøttende aktiviteter ligget.
Funding of the so-called research-supporting activities has also been lodged under the national programme.
Den samlede danske investering i ”big science”-faciliteterne beløber sig til omtrent 633 millioner kroner årligt, jævnfør tabel 3.2, og det er i ministeriets interesse, at Danmark opnår
Total Danish investment in the big science facilities amounts to around EUR 85 million per annum (see Table 3.2), and it is in the Ministry's interest that Denmark derives maximum benefit from this commitment.
Kontingenterne dækker alene udgifterne til de danske medlemskaber og går dermed til forskningsinfrastrukturernes centrale og basale konstruktion og drift.
The membership fees solely cover the cost of Danish memberships, and in this way cover the facilities' main and basic construction and operation.
Den danske forskning på baggrund af adgangen finansieres på nationalt niveau typisk af forskningsinstitutionernes bevillinger eller via forskningsrådssystemet.
Danish research based on the membership access is typically funded at the national level by grants from the research institutions or via the research council system.
Forskningsunderstøttende aktiviteter benyttes oftest som betegnelse for den forskningsun- derstøttende aktivitet, der ligger mellem driften af forskningsinfrastrukturen og den egentlige forskning.
Research-supporting activities usually denotes the activities undertaken between operation of the research infrastructure and the actual research.
Det kan for eksempel omfatte udstationeret personale (for eksempel teknikere eller postdocs), justering og test af instrumenter og udstyr, udvikling af hard- og software, test og validering samt rejseaktivitet i forbindelse med adgang.
This would include salaries for staff on secondment to a facility (for example, technicians or postdoctoral researchers), the calibration and testing of instruments and equipment, the development of hardware and software, testing and validation and travel activity in connection with access.
Over de seneste år har de forskningsunderstøttende aktiviteters finansiering og organisering været under forandring.
In recent years, research-supporting activity funding and organisation has undergone realignment.
I 2012 udarbejdede et til formålet nedsat arbejdsudvalg en rapport om forskningsunderstøttende aktiviteter og forskeres adgang til og udnyttelse af større internationale forskningsinfrastrukturer.
In 2012, a working party commissioned for the purpose compiled a report on research-supporting activities and researcher access to and utilisation of large international research infrastructures.
Siden er mange af anbefalingerne blevet implementeret.
Since then, many of the recommendations have been implemented.
Der er blandt andet etableret en klarere arbejdsdeling mellem Det Frie Forskningsråd (DFF) og Puljen til Forskningsinfrastruktur, hvorved finansieringsopgaven med finanslov 2013 blev overført fra DFF til puljen på finansloven.
These include a more clear-cut delineation of responsibilities between the Danish Council for Independent Research and the National Fund for Research Infrastructure, whereby National Budget 2013 enacted the transfer of funding responsibility from the Council to the National Fund.
På baggrund af anbefalingerne har Uddannelses- og Forskningsministeriet siden finansieret tre centre, der netop har til formål at styrke og udnytte det danske forskningsmæssige potentiale forbundet med medlemskaberne.
Based on the recommendations, the Danish Ministry of Higher Education and Science has funded three centres mandated to boost and maximise Danish research potential tied up in the memberships.
Instrumentcentrene er desuden nationalt forankrede for at understøtte, at de samlede danske interesser inden for deres respektive faglige områder varetages i forhold til de internationale medlemskaber.
Moreover, the instrument centres are nationally anchored in order to ensure that the totality of Danish interests within their respective fields of research are advanced in the context of the international memberships.
TEKSTBOKS 3.7: DE TRE NATIONALE CENTRE FOR FORSKNINGSUN- DERSTØTTENDE AKTIVITETER
TEXT BOX 3.7: THE THREE NATIONAL CENTRES FOR RESEARCH- SUPPORTING ACTIVITIES